Flip Book class-6

is known as booting of the computer. COMMON TERMS OF WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM Desktop The desktop is the first screen area that you see after you turn on your computer and log on to Windows. Like an actual desk, it serves as a surface for your work. When you open programs or folders, they appear on the desktop. You can also put things on the desktop, such as files folders, shortcut of programs, etc. File Icon Folder Icon Shortcut Icon Start Button Task Bar Desktop Icons Icons are small pictures that represent files, folders,shortcut, programs, and other items. When you first start Windows, you'll see some icons on the desktop. The most common icons of the desktop are: Recycle bin, This PC, Network,etc. Taskbar The taskbar is an element of Windows operating system located at Smart Computer Science Book-6 95

the bottom of the screen. It allows you to locate and launch programs through Start and the Start menu, or view any program that is currently open. First taskbar was introduced with Microsoft Windows 95 and can be found in all subsequent versions of Windows. It also allows to check the date and time and items running in the background through the Notification. Start Button It is located at the left corner of the task bar. The Start or Start button was first introduced with the release of Microsoft Windows 95 and is found in all re- leases of Windows since. Start allows you to access your computer programs and configure Microsoft Windows easily by accessing the Start menu. Window A window is a separate viewing area .Window allows a user to work with mul- tiple programs or view multiple programs at once. Almost all window allows you to minimize and maximize them, allowing you to hide and view a program Title Bar Minimize Button Menu Bar Maximize Button Ribbon Close Button Scroll Bar 96 Operating System

temporarily. Let's see different parts of window in the picture. Title Bar : The Title Bar is located at the top of the window. This bar shows the name of the Program and other fast access tool bars. Menu Bar: The Menu Bar is located just below the ‘Title Bar’. This menu has a num- ber of options on it, such as File, Edit, Search etc. Whenever you click at any ‘Menu tab’, a pull down menu opens up. Ribbon : Ribbon is an organization of commands and instructions. It is just below of menu bar. It organizes commands of each menu tab. It helps users find, understand, and use commands efficiently and directly with a minimum number of clicks Minimize Button : It is used to minimize the window to a button on the ‘Task bar’. If you click once on this button, window will be minimize and transferred as button on the ‘Task bar’. Maximize Button : If the window is reduced, click on this button to increase the size of the window. If you click on this button, windows will maximize and fit to the full screen. Restore Button : When you maximize the window, the maximize button changes to ‘Restore button’. Clicking on the ‘Restore button’, it restores the window to its original size. If you click on this button, you will get the original size of the window. Scroll Bars : The scroll bars help you to either move up or down in a window are known as vertical scroll bar. The scroll bars that help you to move either in the left or right side of the window are known as the ‘Horizontal Scroll Bar’. Close button : It is used to close the window. When you click on this button, ‘open window’ will be closed. Start up the computer: Start up a computer is known as boot the computer. To boot a computer is to load an operating system into the computer's main memory RAM. Once the operating system is loaded on a PC, you see the initial Win- dows or Mac desktop screen which is known the computer is ready for us to work. Physically to startup the computer, do the following: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Turn on the main power switch Smart Computer Science Book-6 97

Step-2 : Switch on the CPU casing Step-3 : Switch on the monitor Arrange the desktop icons: Windows allows you to sort or arrange desktop icons in different ways such as by name, by size, type and date of modified. If you sort that helps you to find icons easily on the desktop. Steps to follow: Step-1 : Right mouse click on desk- top. You get context menu options. Step-2 : Select 'Sort by' Step-3 : Click on your desire option to arrange icons. Change the appearance of icons You can change the size and appearance of your files and folders by using the Views button located on the tool bar of every open folder. Steps to follow: Step-1 : Open the folder by double clicking on it where you want to change. Step-2 : Click the 'View' menu tab. Step-3 : Select a desired op- tion from the 'Lay- out ' group. Here, it is selected 'Large icon' option. 98 Operating System

If you are willing to change the view of Desktop icons, then you follow the following: Steps to follow: Step-1 : Right mouse click on desktop. You get the context menu. Step-2 : Select 'View' . Step-3 : Click the 'Medium Icons'. Refresh Computer Refresh the computer means to clear previous operation in memory and show its current state. Steps to follow: Step-1 : Right Mouse click on the desktop. Step-2 : Select 'Refresh' option. How to open other programs in Windows: Windows is an operating system program, it manges the other programs. There are different types of programs depending on the nature of work. To open other software program, follow the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Type the name of program in the search box. You get the program App in the list. Step-2 : Click the App to open. Here, paint program is going to open. Creating Folder: In graphical user interfaces such as Smart Computer Science Book-6 99

Windows and the Macintosh environment, a folder is an object that can contain multiple documents. Folders are used to organize information. In the DOS and UNIX environment, folders are called directories. Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Right Mouse Click on the desk- top. You get the context menu. Step-2 : Select 'New' option. Step-3 : You get, sub menu of context menu. Step-4 : Select 'Folder'. Step-5 : Type Folder name. Step-6 : Click outside once. Change the Desktop Background Windows 2007 supports to set the different types of desktop background of picture from your computer which is also called wall paper. Now, you have to set the background. You can choose images to set desktop background and display a slide show of pic- tures. Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Right mouse click on desktop. Step-2 : Find and click on 'Personaliza- tion'. Step-3 : Click on 'Desktop Background'. You get the Desktop Background' dialog box. Step-4 : Select the 'Picture location' and select the desire pictures. Here it is 100 Operating System

selected the location 'Windows Desktop Background'. Step-5 : You can also set the background as picture, solid color or slideshow. Step-6 : Select option from choose a fit. Step-7 : Finally close the window. Shut down the Windows After completing work in the computer, you have to close all the open programs, shutdown the Windows properly then switch off your com- puter. Never try to direct switch off without closing open programs and shutting down the Windows. As a result of direct switch off, computer may crash. So, In order to shout down the windows, do the following task: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click on 'Start' button. Step-2 : Click on the power but- ton. Step-3 : Click on 'Shut down' option. Step-4 : Now, you look that your Windows is shutting down, finally, your com- puter is switched off. Fast Access a. Alt+F4 - is a alternate way to shutdown the Windows b. Ctrl+Shift+N :To create new folder c. F5 - To refresh the current window. Smart Computer Science Book-6 101

Lab Activities 1. Now, practice the following tasks that you have learned in previous session: a. Start up your computer, Refresh your computer. b. Find the Primary icons of windows desktop such as 'Computer', 'Recy- cle bin', 'Network', 'Control Panel' and 'User's File', Folder Icon, Short-cut icon, File icon. And also find the 'Start' button and 'Taskbar'. c. Create some folders on the desktop. d. Set the appearance of icons which are within the desktop. e. Set view of desktop icons appearance in large icons, medium icons, and small icons. f. Arrange icons on the basis of name, size, item type, and date modified and find the differences in their result. g. Open 'Paint program' and 'Note pad' then exit from there. h. Change your Desktop background with your desire pictures and set the slide show in certain time. i. Shut Down the computer. Knowledge Test 1. Answer the following Questions: a. Write the name of primary icons of desktop? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... 102 Operating System

b. What do you mean by sorting icons? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... c. Why do you change the view of icons? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... d. Why do you refresh your computer? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... e. How do you open your program? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... f. What do you mean by desktop background? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Working with the Computer Folder From the Computer or This Pc folder of desktop, you can access locations such as hard disks, CD or DVD drives, and removable media. You can also access other devices that might be connected to your computer, such as external hard drives and USB flash drives. A common reason Smart Computer Science Book-6 103

to open the this folder is to view the available space on your hard disks and removable media. Now, you open the 'Computer' folder and access the location. Steps to follow: Step-1 : Find the 'Computer' folder from the desktop having with computer icon. Step-2 : Double click left mouse button. Step-3 : Now, Computer folder is open. You get the given window. Step-4 : Now, you can find two types of drives, one is hard disk drives and other is removable disk drives. C: , D: , E, are hard disk drives Step-5 : To access the location of D: drive, double click on it. Step-6 : Now, you notice that files and folder stored in D: drive. Managing the Window Windows operating system allows us to move Window, change their size, or just make them go away. For this task, do the following: Steps to Follow: a. Moving a window Step-1 : Point to its title bar with the mouse pointer. Step-2 : Then drag the window to the location that you want. Step-3 : (Dragging means pointing to an item, holding down the mouse button, moving the item with the pointer, and then releasing the mouse button.) 104 Operating System

b. Changing the size of a window Step-1 : To make a window fill the entire screen, click its Maximize button or double-click the window's title bar. Step-2 : To return a maximized window to its former size, click its Restore button. Step-3 : To re-size a window (making it smaller or bigger), point to any of the window's borders or corners. When the mouse pointer changes to a two- headed arrow (see picture below), drag the border or corner to shrink or enlarge the window. Step-4 : Drag a window's border or corner to re-size it c. Hiding a window Hiding a window is called minimizing window. If you want to get a window out of the way temporarily without closing it, minimize it. Step-1 : To minimize a window, click its Minimize button. The window disappears from the desktop and is visible only as a button on the task bar, the long horizontal bar at the bottom of your screen. Step-2 : To bring a minimized window exactly as it did before you minimized it again on the desktop, click its taskbar button. Smart Computer Science Book-6 105

d. Closing a window Step-1 : Closing a window removes it from the desktop and task bar. To close a window, click on its 'close' button. Fast Access a. Ctrl+W - Close current Window b. F11 - Maximize/minimize the active window. Set the Screen Saver Windows comes with several screen savers. It is a moving image when computer gets idle for certain time. Screen savers were originally de- signed to help prevent images or text from being burned into monitors. Steps to follow: Step-1 : Right Mouse click on desktop. Step-2 : You get the context menu. Step-3 : Click on 'Personalize' option. Step-4 : Click on the 'Lock Screen'. Step-5 : Scroll down the window. Step-6 : Click 'Screen Saver Setting' option. You get the dialog box. Step-7 : Select the screen saver. Step-8 : Set the timing form 'Wait' pup up menu Step-9 : Click on 'Apply'. Step-10 : Click on 'Ok' button. Trick & TIPS • A window that is maximized cannot be re-sized. You must restore it to its previous size first. • Although most windows can be maximized and re-sized, there are some win- dows that are fixed in size, such as dialog boxes like screen saver dialog box. • To stop a screen saver and return to your desktop, move your mouse or press any key. 106 Operating System

Lab Activities 1. Now, practice the following tasks on the basis of what you have learned in previous session: a. Access the location of the entire disks available in your computer and find what are stored over there. b. Insert your pen drive in the computer and access the location of its. c. Open the 'Control Panel' folder and perform the following tasks: • Recognize the basic parts of Window. • Re-size your windows as you like • Fit / maximize the windows in desktop. • Restore the Maximized Window. • Hide window temporarily/Minimize window in task bar. • Make appear the minimized window. • Close down the window. d. Set the screen saver with your desired picture. Knowledge Test 1. Answer the following questions: a. What do you mean by location of Disk Drive? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... b. How many basic types of disk location can you find in computer win- dow? Smart Computer Science Book-6 107

Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... c. What is window? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... d. Write the major components of window. Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... e. What do you mean by moving window? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... f. What do you mean by dragging? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... g. What do you mean by releasing mouse button? 108 Operating System

Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... h. What do you mean by re-sizing window? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... i. What do you mean by maximize window? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... j. What do you mean by restore down window? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... k. What do you mean by minimize window? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Smart Computer Science Book-6 109

l. Can you re-size all the window? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... m. Differentiate between Windows and Window? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... n. What is taskbar? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... o. What is screen saver? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... p. Why is screen saver designed? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... 110 Operating System

q. When can't you re-size window? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Renaming Folder Rename refers to change the name. Some times you have to change the name of folder or file as a situation. So, in order to change the name of file and folder, do the following: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Right mouse click on the folder. Step-2 : Select and click on the 'Rename' option. Step-3 : Type new name. Step-4 : Press Enter key. or click outside once. Step-5 : Now, you notice that your folder name is changed. Copy a Folder You can copy or move files or folder from one location to another using a temporary storage space called the Clipboard. The Clipboard isn't visible, even though you can use it to copy or cut and paste. Now you have to copy a folder from desktop to new location that disk of D: drive. Smart Computer Science Book-6 111

Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Make sure your folder is in desktop or not. If there is not, you have to create. Step-2 : Right mouse click on this folder. You get context menu. Step-3 : Click 'Copy' option Step-4 : Open the location of D: drive Step-5 : Right mouse click and click on 'Paste' option. Step-6 : Now, you notice that your folder is copied in the new location. Moving Folders and Files Step-1 : Make sure your file or folder on the desktop. (PRACTICAL folder) Step-2 : Right mouse click on it that you want to move. You get context menu. Step-2 : Click the 'Cut' option. Step-3 : Open the location of disk as D: drive. Step-4 : Right mouse click and click the 'Paste' option. Step-5 : Now, you notice that your folder has moved in the new location. Delete File/Folder We can delete unnecessary files and folders from the computer in Win- dows operating system. When you delete files and folder, it goes to the recycle bin. In order to delete file or folder, do the following : Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Make sure your folder 'PRACTICAL' existing in location of disk of D: drive. If it does not exist, create it first. 112 Operating System

Step-2 : Access your location. Step-3 : Select your folder. Step-4 : Right Mouse click and click on 'Delete' option. Or select your folder and press 'Del' key from keyboard. Step-5 : Now, you notice that folder is deleted. And goes into the 'Recycle Bin' Fast Access a. Ctrl+C- To copy a file or folder b. Ctrl+V : To paste file or folder c. Ctrl+X : To cut a file and folder to move. d. Simply press the Del key after selecting file or folder to delete. Lab Activities 1. Perform the following activities: a. Create Folder name 'Fruit' on the desktop b. Under this folder, create more five folders such as Apple, Banana, Man- go, Orange, Guava. c. Copy the folder 'Fruit' in disk of D: drive. d. Now, delete 'Fruit' folder from the desktop. e. Open the recycle bin and find the 'Fruit' folder is existing or not. f. If it is existing, once, restore it and look the result. You get back this folder in the desktop or not. Smart Computer Science Book-6 113

Knowledge Test 1. Answer the following questions: a. What is folder? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... b. What do you mean by a folder coming inside a folder? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... c. What do you mean by rename? Ans:…………………………………………………………………………… ………….............................................................................................. ............................................................................................................ .................................................................... d. When do you use delete command? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... e. Differentiate between 'Copy' and 'Cut'. Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... 114 Operating System

..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... f. What do you mean by moving folder/file? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... Recover File from Recycle bin Recycle bin is as our dust bin. When you delete a file/folder, it is usually moved to the Recycle Bin so that you can restore the file later if necessary. Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Find the 'Recycle Bin' folder in the desktop Step-2 : Select and double click on it. Step-3 : You get temporarily deleted files in the 'Recycle Bin' windows. Smart Computer Science Book-6 115

Step-4 : Select the files/folder to be recovered. Step-5 : Click on 'Restore this item' from menu tab of window of Re- cycle bin. Set Date & Time Your computer's clock is used to record the time whenever you create or modify files on your computer. You can change the clock's time and time zone as well as date. Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Find the Control Panel, from the search box. Step-2 : Click on 'Control Panel'. You get control panel dialog box. Step-3 : Find 'Clock and Region' and click on it. You get dialog box. Step-4 : Click the 'Set Time and Date' option. You get 'Date and Time' dialog box Step-5 : Click the 'Change Date and Time' Step-6 : Now, change date from calendar and time by clicking on pup up button of time. Step-7 : Click on 'Ok' button. Step-8 : Now, you get change your system date and time in the computer. Set the Desktop Gadgets: All of the desktop gadgets installed on your computer are located in the Desktop Gadget Gallery. Any installed gadget can be added to your desktop. This feature is for Windos 7, For Windows 10, you have to 116 Operating System

download and install yourself. Steps to follow: Step-1 : Right mouse click on desktop. Step-2 : You get Context menu. Step-3 : Select and click the 'Gadgets'. Step-4 : Select the desire gadgets and double click on it or drag it toward the desktop. Trick & TIPS • Once you press Shift+Del key, when deleting file or folder, You won't get such files and folder in recycle bin to restore because of this command, file and folder will be delete permanently. • If you delete your file and folder from flash drive, you won't get in recycle bin. Lab Activities 1. Perform the following activities: a. Create the following Folder name: • Students • Parents • Teachers b. Now, delete Students and Teachers folder c. Restore again from Recycle Bin 2. Create FRUITS folder on the desktop and create more five folders such as Apple, Banana, Mango, Orange, Guava under FRUITS. Now, try to delete Apple and Banana folder using the Shift+Del key. 3. Practice to change date and time of your computer. But finally, you set the correct date and time. Smart Computer Science Book-6 117

Knowledge Test 1. Answer the following questions: a. If you delete a file from your pen drive, does it go to 'Recycle bin'? Check once and write. Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... b. What is recycle bin? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... c. How do you set date and time? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... d. What do you mean by Windows Gadgets? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... 118 Operating System

..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... e. How many windows Gadgets are there in your computer. Write their name. Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Points to Know • An operating system is a group of computer programs that coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices and enables the user to interact with the computer. • The operating system which is designed to use on one computer by only one user is called single user operating system. • The operating system which allows multiple users to access the data and processes result of a single machine from different computers called multiuser operating system. • Common functions of operating system are booting computer, perform basic computer task, provide user interface, handles system resources, perform file management, etc. • Microsoft Windows is one of the most popular operating system, developed by Micro Soft Company in USA. • The desktop is the first screen area that you see after you turn on your computer and log on to Windows. • Icons are small pictures that represent files, folders, programs, and other items. • The taskbar is a long horizontal bar which is placed at the bottom of the desktop. • A window is a separate viewing area on a computer display screen that allows multiple viewing areas as part of a graphical user interface ( GUI ). Smart Computer Science Book-6 119

Terms to Know Booting : Start up the computer. Desktop : First screen of the Windows operating system. Peripheral : Physical device of the computer. Interface : A set of commands or menus through a user communicates with a program. Drivers : Software that allows your computer to communicate with hardware or devices. Detect : Find something like hardware device. Configure : The process of making the arrangement of the computer devices that make ready to work . Interact : Communicate with each other. Graphical : Visual presentation. Short-cut icon : A link that points to a program on the computer. Context menu : A menu in GUI that appears user interaction such as right mouse click operation Worksheet Objective Questions 1. Fill in the blanks: a. An operating system is a group of ...................................................................... b. Single user operating system is used in single............................. and .............. .................. computer. c. ................................ operating system is used often in offices. d. The process of ........................... or .............................. the computer is known as booting. e. .................is the first screen area that you see after you turn on your computer. 120 Operating System

f. .............................. are small pictures that represent files, folders, programs and other items. g. .............................. is a long horizontal bar places at the bottom of the desktop. 2. State whether the following statements are true or false. a. MS-DOS is a single user operating system b. Once operating system is loaded in the memory, it remains in the RAM forever. c. Operating system brings life to the computer. d. Operating system does not mange other software programs. e. The operating system handles memory and CPU. f. The file management allows the user to create, delete, store, copy, move and store files. g. The 'Start' button is located at the right corner of the task bar. h. Recycle bin holds the file and folder being deleted. i. We must shutdown windows without closing the open programs j. Refresh computer means clear the previous operation. k. In order to stop the screen saver, press any key from keyboard. l. Never try to direct switch off your computer. 3. Write the full forms of : a. MS-DOS ......................................................... b. CUI ........................................ c. RAM .............................................................. d. GUI ....................................... e. DVD.............................................................. f. CD......................................... Smart Computer Science Book-6 121

4. Match the following: a. Minimize button b. Maximize button c. Close Button d. Start button e. Short-cut icon f. Restore button 5. Write the function of following short cut keys: a. Shift+Del : ..................................................................................................... b. Ctrl+c : ..................................................................................................... c. Ctrl+v : ..................................................................................................... d. Ctrl+x : ..................................................................................................... e. F5 : ..................................................................................................... f. Del : ..................................................................................................... g. F5 : ..................................................................................................... h. Del : ..................................................................................................... Descriptive Questions 1. Answer the following questions: a. What is operating system? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... 122 Operating System

..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... b. What do you mean by single user operating system? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... c. What do you mean by multiuser operating system? Ans: ............................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... d. What is booting of the computer? Ans:............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Smart Computer Science Book-6 123

e. What are the basic task of operating system? Ans:............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... f. How does operating system provide file management task? Ans:.............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... g. What is Micro Soft Windows? Ans:............................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... 124 Operating System

Activities-1 1. Perform the following activities in the computer and note down the steps you follow. a. Create a folder 'RAHUL' on the desktop. b. Copy this folder on the disk of D: drive. c. Access this folder from disk of D: drive and create the following folders under it. • Animal • Bird d. Now, change the name of 'Rahul' to Ranu' from the desktop. e. Move the folder Ranu' from desktop to 'Rahul' folder of disk of D: drive. f. Copy all the contents of 'Rahul' folder to 'Ranu' folder of location of disk of D: drive. g. Now, delete 'Rahul' folder from the disk of D: drive. Steps to Follow: Smart Computer Science Book-6 125

Activities-2 1. Perform the following activities in the computer and note down, what steps you follow. a. Set the desktop background. b. Set the screen saver for five minutes of screen idle. c. Set the slide show desktop background d. Set the appropriate date and time in your desired format. Steps to Follow: 126 Operating System

Project Work Hope, you got a lot of ideas to mange your computer as mentioned in this chapter. Now, You have to create a complete project report and submit to your re- spective teacher. The topic of the proj- ect report is 'Basic Concept of Windows Operating System' Your project report must include the following cases: 1. Background of project Report. 2. Introduction of Windows operating System. 3. Boot steps of the computer. 4. Mentioning the components of desktop along with the name of Icons that you have seen in your computer. 5. Refreshing your computer. 6. Arrange the desktop icons in the basis of : • Name • Size • Item Type • Date Modified And mention the result of each arrangement. 7. View the desktop icons in the basis of : • Large • Medium • Small With 'Auto arrange Icon' checked marked and without check marked. Smart Computer Science Book-6 127

Mention what result you will have . 8. Set the required desktop gad- gets. 9. Change the desktop back- ground. 10 Set the screen saver as you like. 11. Set the appropriate date and time of your computer. 12. Create two folders: • STUDENT • TEACHER 13. Open a folder that you created 'STUDENT' a. Recognize the different components of window and write the name. b. Move your window around your desktop. What's of technique are used for this. c. Change the size of window with the Maximize and Restore button. d. Hide/Minimize the window and get back again. e. Resize the window using dragging technique. f. Close the window. 14. Change the name of folder 'STUDENT' to 'MY FOLDER'. 15. Copy the folder name 'MY FOLDER' into the disk of D: drive. 16. Move the Folder 'TEACHER' into the disk of D: drive. 17. Once try to delete 'TEACHER' . 18. Check your Recycle bin, that deleted folder is present in Recycle bin or not. If it is present, once Restore it. And check it is in it's previous loca- tion or not. 128 Operating System

19. Open 'Paint' program and draw small hut, save it in the disk of D: drive . 20 Close the Paint program and exit. 21. Close all the open program. 22. Shut down the Window. Case Study 1. Manik Lal Yadav is a computer operator. When he had booted his computer, he found a lot of files, folder, icons are scattered. It was looking very untidy, and dif- ficult to find the required matter. Now, to mange his desktop what would Manik Lal do ? Solution: ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. 2. Shakal Dev Yadav had prepared his project report in the computer last week. There were a lot of images, video, audio of interview, and activities files as well as main report files in a folder PROJECT WORK. Now, he is searching to modify, but he is not getting. What may have happened to his PROJECT WORK folder. In this situation, which technique should be followed by Shakaldev to get his folder? Solution: ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................. 3. Lakpa is going to make a painting for his project work. When he starts his com- puter, he could not see anything on the desktop due to untidy and fade desktop background. And when he leaves the computer idle for some times, computer remains active and burning at same ratio as computer is working. Now, in such situation, what should be the technique to be used by Lakpa ? Solution: ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... Smart Computer Science Book-6 129

Drawing with MS-Paint CHAPTER 9 Miku : Wow! Today's turn of Drawing. So funny and So interesting, Sir ! This chapter includes: • Introduction of MS- Teacher : Of course ! My dear students. Paint Miku : What type of drawings we • Drawing Tools can draw after completing • Draw and paint object this lesson Sir? • Viewing drawing and Saving Drawing Teacher : I will introduce you all the drawing Tools and technique of MS-Paint, then we will develop the skill and technique to create real time drawing. We will be able to create cartoon and comedy character, poster, scenario, company logo, etc. Well, Let's start. Activities - 1 INTRODUCTION OF MS-PAINT Paint is a feature in Windows. It is a powerful drawing tool that you can use to create drawings on a blank drawing area or in existing pictures. Many of the tools you use in Paint are found in the Ribbon, which is near the top of the Paint window. The given picture in next page shows the Ribbon and other parts of Paint. START OF THE MS-PAINT If you have to work, in the MS-Paint, Lets start this program. So, In order to start the MS-Paint, do the following. 130 Drawing with MS-Paint

Step-1 : Click the Search box' Step-2 : Type search word as ms paint in picture. Step-3 : You get Paint App Step-4 : Click the 'Paint App' Step-5 : You get the first Paint program screen as giv- en below: Quick AccQeusisckToAoclcbeasrs Tool bar Paint button Home and View tabs Color Pallet Paint brush Ribbon Tool Panel Shapes Drawing Area Ribbon Ribbon is a place located just below the title bar where all the Tools and commands are organized. Five different group of commands items are available in the ribbon, such as clipboard, image, tools, shapes, color, brushes and size. Smart Computer Science Book-6 131

Draw line using shape and red color Step-1 : Click on 'Home' tab Step-2 : Select Line shape from Shape group Step-3 : Select the fore- ground color (Color 1) 'Red' and back- ground color (Color 2) white color from the color group. Step-4 : Select the line thick- ness as you like Step-5 : Move your pointer to the drawing area Step-6 : Click the left mouse button and start to draw. Draw with Pencil Step-1 : On the 'Home' tab, in the 'Tools' group, click the 'Pen- cil' tool. . Step-2 : In the Colors group, click 'Color 1', click a color, and then drag the pointer in the drawing area. Color 1 is used with pencil and brushes, as well as for shapes outlines. TIPS & Trick a. To draw straight line in 900, 450 with pencil and line tool draw with holding SHIFT key. For other shape,SHIFT helps to draw proportionally. 132 Drawing with MS-Paint

Tips & Trick a. Color 1 is for ground color used with pencil, brushes as well as shape's out- line. Color 2 is background color used with eraser and fill with Shapes with left mouse click. But right mouse click just revers it. Fill with Color This Tool is used to fill the closed object with the foreground color or right click to fill with the background color Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Draw rectangle by selecting the rectangle shape from Shapes group. Step-2 : Select the 'Fill with Color' tool form Home Tab of 'Tools' group. Step-3 : Select the color form Foreground color (Color 1) Step-4 : Click inside the rectangle. Step-5 : You notice that color is filled in your rectangle object as given below: Smart Computer Science Book-6 133

Rubbing Part of Picture Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Select the eraser tools from 'Tools' group. Step-2 : Move the mouse pointer to the drawing area Step-3 : Set the eraser point size by pressing CTRL and plus + sign to increase and CTRL and minus - sign to de- crease the size. Step-4 : Press and hold down the left mouse button Step-5 : Move the mouse pointer to the area to be erased Step-6 : Release the mouse button. Now, you notice that object is erased. Use of Brush Tool Steps to follow: Step-1 : On the 'Home' tab, click the down arrow under Brushes. Step-2 : Click the artis- tic brush that you want to use. Step-3 : Click Size, and then click a line size, which determines the thickness of the brush stroke. Step-4 : In the Colors group, click Color 1, click a color, and then drag the pointer to paint. 134 Drawing with MS-Paint

Lab Activities 1. Draw the following shapes and develop your concept. 2. Draw the following objects as given using the shape and color. a. b. c. d. e. f. Smart Computer Science Book-6 135

Knowledge Test 1. Answer the following questions: a. When do you use line tool? In which degree can you draw line? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... b. What do you mean by shape? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... c. When do you use pencil Tool? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... d. Why do you use Color 1 ? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... 136 Drawing with MS-Paint

e. Why do you use Color 2? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... f. How do you set your eraser? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... g. What is the use of brush Tool? How many types of brushes are sup- ported by MS-Paint? Write their name. Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... h. Which Tools use color 2 ? Ans:………………………………………………………………………………………....... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... Smart Computer Science Book-6 137

COPYING & MOVING TECHNIQUE • Copy a part of the picture • Cut a part of picture • Move a part of picture. Copy of a picture Step-1 : Click 'Home' tab Step-2 : Click on drop down but- ton of 'Select' from image group Step-3 : Select 'Rectangular Selec- tion' step-4 : Move your pointer towards object. Step-5 : Hold down the left mouse button. Step-6 : Make full selection for the object. Step-7 : Click on 'Copy' option from the 'Clipboard' group. Step-8 : Click on 'Paste' option from the 'Clipboard' group. Copy part of the picture Step-1 : Click 'Home' tab Step-2 : Click on drop down button of 'Se- lect' from image group Step-3 : Select 'Rectangular Selection' or 'Free from selection' Step-4 : Move your pointer towards the ob- ject. Step-5 : Hold down the left mouse button. 138 Drawing with MS-Paint

Step-6 : Make part of selection for the object. Step-7 : Click on 'Copy' option from the 'Clipboard' group. Step-8 : Click on 'Paste' option from the 'Clipboard' group. Move part of a picture Step-1 : Click 'Home' tab Step-2 : Click on drop down button of 'Se- lect' from image group Step-3 : Select 'Rectangular Selection' or 'Free from selection' Step-4 : Move your pointer towards the ob- ject. Step-5 : Hold down the left mouse button. Step-6 : Make part of selection for the ob- ject. Step-7 : Hold down the left mouse button on selection object and drag it. Step-8 : Now you notice that your object is moved in new place. Type text in the drawing Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click on 'Home' tab Step-2 : Click on 'Text' tool Step-3 : Move the pointer to- wards drawing area. Step-4 : Hold down the left mouse button and drag it then release the mouse button. Step-5 : Now, Type the text within the text box as shown below. Smart Computer Science Book-6 139

Viewing Drawing Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click on 'View' tab. Step-2 : To reduce the view, click in 'Zoom out' option. Step-3 : To increase the view, click on 'Zoom in'. Step-4 : To view in full screen, click in 'Full Screen' option from 'Display' group. Resizing a picture or part of it Use Resize‌option of Image group to resize the whole image or to resize part of image. You can also skew an object in the picture so that it appears slanted. To resize do the following: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click Resize in the Im- age group of On the Home tab, Step-2 : In the Resize and Skew dialog box, select the Maintain aspect ratio check box so that the resized picture will have the same aspect ratio as the original. Step-3 : In the Resize area, click Pixels, and then enter a 140 Drawing with MS-Paint

new width in the Horizontal box or new height in the Vertical box. Click OK. To Skew, do the following: Step-4 : In the Skew area, click Pixels, and then enter a new width in the Horizontal box or new height in the Verti- cal box. Click OK. Resized image Skewed image Trick & TIP a. You can resize your object using dragging technique. Outline The Outline feature is used to set the medium for outline of shape in the basis of selection of color from Color 1 group. There are different option under the outline option drop down menu. Once outline medium is set, we can not change it in the figure. Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Select the shape to draw. Step-2 : Click the drop down button of Outline option from 'Shapes' group of Home Tab, select the desire option for the outline. Step-3 : Select the thickness of outline from the Size drop down op- Smart Computer Science Book-6 141

tion of Home Tab. Step-4 : Select the color from the Color 1 group. Step-5 : Now, draw on the drawing area. Now, you get the outline of the ob- ject as you set your thickness, color and outline option. But If you select 'No Out Line' option, it hide the outline of object. Fill (Shape Fill) The Fill option is used to select medium for the shape fill with color 2 group. There are different types of medium fill option. To use this option, follow the following steps: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Select the shape. Step-2 : Select the op- tion of a Fill drop down option. Step-3 : Set Outline, outline Size for the shape Step-4 : Draw the shape in drawing area. Now, you notice the shape is drawn with set filled color. 142 Drawing with MS-Paint

Cropping Drawing To crop the picture, Crop option is used from 'Image' group of Ribbon. Cropping lets you visible only selected portion of the drawing. To crop the image, do the following: Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Select the image, using selection tool. Step-2 : Drag the pointer to select the part of the picture you want to show. Step-3 : In the Image group, click Crop picture. Rotate Technique To rotate Picture or a selected part of picture, use desire rotate option of Rotate drop down picture of Image group. To make this function, do the following: Step-1 : Depending on what you want to rotate, do one of the fol- lowing: Step-2 : To rotate the whole picture, on the Home tab, in the Im- Smart Computer Science Book-6 143

age group, click Rotate, and then click the rotation direction. Step-3 : To rotate an object or part of a picture, on the Home tab, in the Image group, click Select. Drag the pointer to select the area or object, click Rotate, and then click the rotation direc- tion. Save the Drawing When you are drawing or painting, your work is in the RAM memory, that is temporary as soon as power failure problem comes, information will be erased. So, in order to keep your work permanently for future use, you need to save. To save your document, do the following : Steps to Follow: Step-1 : Click on 'Menu' drop down tab button. Step-2 : Select and click the 'Save' option. Step-3 : You get the save dialog box Step-4 : Find the disk and folder (location) where you save your drawing. Step-5 : Type the file name Step-6 : Select the extension/save as type. Step-7 : Click on 'Save' button. Exit From Paint Step-1 : Click on 'Menu drop down tab but- ton. Step-2 : Select and click the 'Exit' option. Step-3 : If your work is not saved, it gives you conformation message. 144 Drawing with MS-Paint