တာတေ (စနေသား)

["wbufeJUwbuf ypfaeMuwmudk av,OfysHxJuvlawG aumif;aumif;jrifaeMu&w,f? &Sm;udk;vnf; wkdufae&mu av,OfysHqDudk twif;ajy;vmw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfudk awGUawGUcsif; uRefawmfydkUvdkufwJh 0g,mvufowif; r&bl;vm;vdkU 0efMuD;csKyfudk armMuD;yrf;MuD;ar;w,f? bmowif;vJ r&bl;vdkU 0efMuD;csKyfu ajzw,f? 'DrSm &JabmfjzLawGudk wdkufxkwftHk;r,f? tm;vHk;&Sif;NyDqdkwJh owif;&rS vmygvdkU 0efMuD;csKyfqDudk uRefawmf owif;ydkUvkdufw,fqkdwm &Sm;udk;u qufajymw,f? r&bl;? 'gayrJh udwfpr&dSbl;vkdU 0efMuD;csKyfu ajzw,f? rHk&Gmbufudk ul;bdkU armfawmfbkwfxJ a&mufwJhtcg olUvufxJrSm udkifxm;wJh ajcmufvHk;jyL;eJUvufypfAHk;udkjyNyD; 'gawG &JabmfjzLawGqDu tckwkdufyGJrSm rdwmvdkU &Sm;udk;u tpD&ifcHw,f? aemifqkdif;acgif;aqmifwJh ucsifolykefawG[m awmifilu u,m;jynfxJudk 0ifoGm;Muw,f? Mo*kwfvxJudk a&mufwJhtcg &Srf;jynfawmifydkif;&JU NrdKUawmf &Srf;jynfe,f&Hk;pkduf&m NrdKUjzpfwJh awmifMuD;udk aemfqdkif;wyfawGu odrf;vdkufw,f? tJ'DawmifMuD;urS &Srf;jynfajrmufydkif;&JUNrdKUawmfjzpfwJh vm;&Id;udk 'daemufqdkif; ucsifawG wufodrf;Mujyefw,f? olwkdU vm;&Id;udk odrf;pOfu &Srf;jynfe,f OufuX[m vm;&Id;rSm&dSaew,f? aemfqdkifwkdU odrf;NyD;wJhtcg &Srf;jynfe,f OufuX apmcGefcsKdudk &SmrawGUbl;? apmcGefcsKdaysmufaew,fvkdU 0efMuD;csKyf owif;&w,f? olrdwfaqG apmcGefcsKdukd olykefawG zrf;xm;wmvm; 'grSr[kwf&ifvnf; owfypfvkdufNyD;vm;vkdU trsKd;rsKd;awG;NyD; 0efMuD;csKyftrsm;MuD; pdwfylaew,f? tJ'gaMumifhvm;&Id;udk csufcsif;jyefodrf;yg? jynfe,fOufuXudkvnf; awGUatmif&SmygvdkU AdkvfcsKyfvZGefwefudk 0efMuD;csKyftrdefUay;vdkufw,f? AdkvfcsKyfvZGefwefvnf; &dSorQwyfawGudk pkaqmif;NyD; arNrdKUuvm;&Id;udk csufcsif;vdkufoGm;w,f? aemfqkdif;[m AkdvfcsKyfvZGefwef&JUwyfawG csDwufvmNyD qkdwmM um;wmeJU vm;&Id;udkvufvTwfNyD; &Srf;jynfajrmufzufzsm;qDrSm&dSwJh erf;crf;NrdKUukd xGufoGm;w,f? AdkvfcsKyfvZGefwef&JY wyfawGvnf; aemfqdkif;aemufudk twif;vdkufw,f? aemfqdkif;[m erfhcrf;rSm tckdifrm wyfpGJNyD;om; jzpfaewJhtwGuf AdkvfcsKyfvZGefwef&JU wyfawG[m erf;crf;eJU reD;ra0; wae&mrSm acwfw pcef;csNyD; erf;crf;udk odrf;bkdU tpDtpOfawG vkyfae&w,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm 0efMuD;csKyf[molUrdwfaqG apmcGefcsKdudk awGUbdkUtwGuf vm&Id;udk vdkufoGm;w,f? vm;&Id;av,OfysHuGif;xJrSm\/ vlwa,mufrSrawGUbl;? qif;vdkUaumif;yghrvm;vdkU owday;w,f? tpdk;&wyfawG vmwJhtcg aemfqdkif;[m cHrwdkufbl; vm;&Id;xJu qkwfoGm;w,f? tJ'gaMumifh vm;&Id;udk tpkd;&wyfawGjyefodrf;NyD;NyDqkdwm igaoaocsmcsm odw,fvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfu","ajymw,f? 'gayrJh 'Dreuf uRefawmfwdkU 'Dudkra&mufcif aemfqkdif;wkdUu vm;&Id;udk jyefodrf;r,fqdk&if odrf;Edkifp&m taMumif;&dSw,fvkdU udk,f&Hawmfu ajzw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfvnf; bmrSrajymbJ cPavmufpOf;pm;aeNyD; wywfESpfywfavmuf 0JMunfhvdkufygtHk;uG,fvdkU trdefUay;vkdufw,f? udk,f&HawmfvJ ydkif;avmhudk taMumif;Mum;w,f? tJ'Dvkd wywfESpfywf0JaywJhvnf; bmrS taMumif;rxl;bl;? tJ'Dtcg 0efMuD;csKyfu qif;awmhqif; 'gayrJh pufawmh csufcsif; r&yfvkdufayapeJU? tajctaeqdk;&if tay:jyefwuf&r,f? &Jabmfav;awGvnf; aoewfawG toifhvkyfxm;ayapvkdU olUudk,f&Hawmfudk trdefUay;w,f? uGif;xJudk av,OfysH xdk;qif;vdkufwJhtcgrS av,OfysHuGif;bufqDudk tMudKvmolawG&JU armfawmfum;armif;vmwm cyfvSrf;vSrf;rSmawGU&w,f? AkdvfcsKyf vZGefwefvnf; olUwyfom;av;awGtwGuf taEG;xnfudk &Sm&atmif vm;&Id;udk jyefvmckdufjzpfaewmeJU 0efMuD;csKyf[m vZGefwefudk awGUawGUcsif; &Srf;jynfe,f OufuXtaMumif;udk ar;w,f? rdk;rdwfrSm a&mufaew,fvkdU tckdiftrmowif;&wmeJU csKd bmrSryleJU? uRefawmf'DrSm a&mufaeNyD? ,ckpm,lvmwJh AdkvfcsKyf vZGefwefeJU vm;&Id;udk tjrefjyefvdkufvmygvdkU pma&;vkdufw,f? apmcGefcsKdvnf; 0rf;omtm;&eJU vkdufvmw,f? 'gayrJh 0efMuD;csKyf[m vm;&Id;rSm Mum&SnfraeEdkifbl;? erfhcrf;udk aemfqdkifvufxJu jyefodrf;bdkUtwGuf erfhcrf; teD;pcef;csxm;wJh wyfom;uav;awGrSm umuD,leD;azmif; wxnfpDbJ&dSw,f? erfhcrf;&JU tat;'Pfudk rcHEdkifbl;? nbufrSm ydkqkd;w,f? rD;vIHjyef&ifvnf; &efolu aoewfeJUvSrf;vSrf;ypfwJhtwGuf txdtckdufawG&dSw,f? tJ'gaMumifh 0efMuD;csKyf[m ppfom;uav;aw G twGuf taEG;xnf&Sm&atmif &efukefudk csufcsif; jyef&w,f? tajctae[m b,favmufqdk;aeovJqdk&if qG,fwmESpf&mavmufeJU oufuvyfapmifESpf&mavmufudk ppf&kH;uvnf; ray;Ekdif\/ &JcsKyf&kH;uvnf; ray;Ekdif\/ aemufqHk;rSm rwwfEkdifawmhbl;? aq;&kHu vlrrmawGtwGuf NAdwdoQppfwyfu awmif;,lxm;vkdufwJh oufuvyfapmifjzLMuD;awGxJu apmifESpf&m,l&w,f? qG,fwmawG &Smr&wJhtwGuf NAdwdoQppfwyfu vlrrmawGtwGuf ay;ypfcJhwJh t0wfawGxJu aEG;rJht0wf av;ig;&mavmufudk ,l&w,f? tJ'gawGudk txkyfawGxkwfckdif;NyD; 0efNuD;csKyfudk,fwkdif vm;&Id;udk ,loGm;w,f? vm;&Id;u ppfom;uav;awG&dSwJh pcef;udk armfawmfum;eJU ydkUae&if tawmfMumr,f? tJ'gaMumifh 0efMuD;csKyf[m &Srf;jynfe,f OufuXudk av,OfysHay:wifNyD; tJ'Dpcef;ay:udk armif;oGm;w,f? pcef;ay:udk a&mufawmhrS txkyfawGudk av,OfysHay:u ypfcsckdif;vkdufw,f?","wyfrawmf? &J? ppf&Jacgif;aqmifawG[m 0efNuD;csKyf ae&l;qDu &vmwJhvufeufawGeJU wyfopfawGaxmifMuw,f? wyfom;a[mif;awG&JU vufeuftpkwftjywfawGudk topfawGeJU tpm;xkd;Muw,f? 1949ckESpf Ekdif0ifvmvxJudk a&mufwJhtcg tJ'DwyfawG[m tawmfuav; awmifhwif; vmMuwJhtwGuf olykefawG odrf;xm;wJh jrdKUMuD;NrdKUuav;awGudk wjrdKuNyD;wNrdKU jyefodrf;vmEkdifw,f? tckvkd tpdk;&u wajz;ajz;EkdifjyKvmwJh tcsdefwcsdefrSm 0efMuD;csKyf ocifEk[m tjzpftysufwckukd jAKef;ueJ ajy;NyD; owd&w,f? tJ'Dtjzpftysufu 'Dvkd 1949ckESpfxJrSm w&kwfuGefjrLepfawG atmifyGJcH&bkdU eD;wJhtcg pwmvif[m armfpudkjrdKUawmfudk w&kwf uGefjrLepfacgif;aqmifawG zdwfNyD; rif;wdkUcsefau&dSwfudk ,efpDjrpf0Srf;txdbJwdkufMu? ,efpDjrpf0Srf;&JU awmifykdif;rSm csefau&dSwfaeayapvkdU Mo0g'ay;w,f? 'DMo0g'[m w&kwfawG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;udk MunfhNyD;ay;wJh No0g'r[kwfbl;? &yf&Sif;awG&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;udk MunfhNyD;ay;wJh Mo0g'bJ? w&kwfuGefjrLepfawG[m w&kwfwEdkifiHvHk;udk odrf;Ekdif&if tifrwef tiftm; MuD;rm;NyD; &yf&Sif; uGefjrLepfawG&JU MoZmatmufu vGwfajrmufoGm;rSmudk rvkdvm;wJhtwGuf pwmvif[m tJ'DtMuHudk ay;vdkufwmygbJ? w&kwfuGefjrLepfawGuvnf; b,f&nf&G,fcsufeJU 'DMo0g'udk ay;w,fqdkwm aumif;aumif;odw,f? tJ'gaMumifh pwmvif&JU a&SUrSmawmh bmrSjyefrajymbl;? Nidrfaew,f? w&kwfjynfudk jyefa&mufwJhtcg tJ'D pwmvif&JU Mo0g'udk tdrfomxJ ypfcsvdkufNyD; csefau&Sdwfudk w&kwfjynfr wckvHk;u armif;xkwfypfvkdufw,f? ArmEdkifiHrSm uGefjrLepfawG olykefxbdkU Zm'ifaemhuwqifh ay;vkdufwJh Mo0g'[mvnf; ArmhtusKd;udk MunfhNyD;ay;wJhMo0g' r[kwfygbl;? 'kwd, urmppfMud;NyD;wJhtcg t*Fvdyf tar&duefuwbuf &k&Sm;uwbuf ppfat; tMuD;tus,fjzpfaeMuw,f? tdEd,u uGefu&uftpdk;&eJU ArmEkdifiHu zqyv tpdk;&wdkU[m vGwfvyfa&;&NyD;&if t*Fvdyf tar&duef tkyfpkxJudk ygMuvdrfhr,fvdkU pwmvifwkdUu ,lqMuw,f? tJ'D,lqcsuft& ArmEdkifiHeJU tdEd,EkdifiHrSm uGefjrLepfawG tpdk;&wufjzpfNyD; ArmeJU tdEd,wdkU[m &yf&Sif;tkyfpkxJudkygbdkUqkdwmu yxr&nf&G,fcsuf? tu,fa&GUyxr&nf&G,fcsuf ratmifjrif&if uGefjrLepf ykefuefrIaMumifh? t*Fvdyf? tar&duefawG&JUaemufvdkufawGvdkU? olwkdU,lqaeMuwJh zqyveJU uGefu&uf tpkd;&awGu r&IrvScsdeJU ae&r,fqdkwmu 'kwd,&nf&G,fcsuf tJ'D&nf&G,fcsufESpfckeJU pwmvif[m ArmeJU tdEd, uGefjrLepfawGudk olykefxbdkUMo0g'ay;vkdufwmygbJ?","tu,fa&GUom ArmuGefjrLepfawG[m w&kwfuGefjrLepfawGvkd Zm'if;aemhuwqifh ay;vkdufwJh pwmvif&JU Mo0g'udk tdrfomxJ vTifhypfvkdufr,fqkd&if jynfaxmifpk vnf; tckvkd r&IrvS epfemysufpD; &rSm r[kwfbl;? olwkdU&JUygwDudk pepfwuszGJUpnf;NyD; jynfolvlxkudk pepfwus pnf;&Hk;EkdifwJhtwGuf aemufwywf a&G;aumufyGJrSm zqyv vufxJu face=WinKalaw jynfhol@tmPmudk w&m;Oya't& {uefrvGJ odrf;ekdifrSmbJ? tckawmh pwmvif&JU Mo0g' emcHrdwJhtwGuf uGefjrLepftzGJUMuD;[m jydKusysufpD;&&SmavNyDvdkU pOf;pm;rdNyD; ocifEk[m tMuD;tus,f EkdifiHa&;oHa0*&aew,f? 'Dtcef;udkrydwfcif 'Dae&mrSmta&;MuD;wJh ar;cGef;wckudk ar;csifw,f? 1948ckESpf rwfvukefavmufupNyD; 1948ckESpf tqHk;avmuftxd jynfolpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmfay:udk usa&mufcJhwJh ab;awG &efawG tef'&m,fawG[m odyfaMumufp&maumif;w,f? olwkdUaMumifh jynfaxmifpkysufusoGm;Edkifw,f? 'gayrJh rysufbl;\/ tJ'gbmaMumifhvJ? rysufwm[m wjcm;aMumifhr[kwfbl;\/ atmufygtaMumif;awGaMumifhygbJ? (1) wyfrawmf? &J? ppf&J? ppf0efxrf; tzGJUawGxJu tawmfrsm;rsm;[m opfpmazgufNyD; &efukefeJU aygif;oGm;MuayrJh opfpm&dSNyD; oufqkdif&m wyfawGxJrSm usef&pfwJholawG[m csD;usL;p&maumif;w,f? 0efMuD;csKyfeJU 0efMuD;awG pGefU&w,fqkdwmu wESpfrSm q,fav; ig;&uf? w&ufrSm oHk;av;em&Davmuf&dSawmh raygh? 'Dwyfom;awG pGefU&wmu wESpfrSm (365)&uf\/ w&ufrSm (24)em&D? 0efMuD;csKyfeJU 0efMuD;awG ppfrsufESmawGudkvm&if tMumqHk; oHk;av;em&Davmuf aeawmhrSmaygh? tJ'DtcsdefawGwkef;u wkdufyGJawGursm; wyfom;awGu eJaewJhtwGuf wyfom;awG[m rsufESm &GmwnfaeMu&&Smw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfeJU 0efMuD;awGrSm t0wftpm; tifrwefeJygw,fqkd&ifawmif awmif&Snfykqkd;? ydk;tuseJU ydk;ykqdk;ESpfxnf? oHk;xnfavmufawmh &dSMutHk;rSmygbJ? 'Dwyfom;uav;awGrSmawmh 0wfaewJh ,leDazmif;wpHk pkwf&if aemufxyftopfwpHk tcsdefrSD&bdkU rvG,fbl;? csrf;wJhtcg apmifaEG;aEG;NcHK&bdkU rvG,fbl;? 'gayrJh bmbJjzpfjzpf aoewfajymif;0u tmPmqif;oufw,fqkdwmudk rrdSwfrokef ,HkMunfaeMuwJh tmPm&SifawGatmuf jynfaxmifpkol jynfaxmifpkom;awG a&mufroGm;&avatmif 'Dwyfom;awG[m opfpmrazgufbJ jynfaxmifpkudk umuG,fay;cJhMuw,f? (2) &Srf;? csif;? ucsif? u,m; tp&dSwJh awmifwef;om;awG&JU opfpm&dSrIeJU","udk,fa&mpdwfyg ulnDtm;ay;rIawG[mvnf; jynfaxmifpk NydKusroGm;atmif xdef;ay;wJhae&mrSm tifrwef ta&;yg t&ma&mufcJhw,f? (3) autif,lykefuefwmudk axmufcHwJh u&iftrsKd;om;awG[m ig;&mckdifEIef;xuf rykdygbl;vkdU tJ'Dtcsdefwkef;u 0efMuD;csKyf ocifEk[m vlod&SifMum;ausnmcJhbl;w,f? autif,lykefuefrIudk axmufcHMuwJh u&ifvlOD;a&avmufawmhrrsm;bl;? 'gayrJh tpkd;&udkaxmufcHMuwJh u&ifawGvnf; &dSoavmuf &dSw,fqdkwm rSwfwrf;eJU ckdifckdifrmrmjyEkdifw,f? usefwJh u&ifawGuawmh tpkd;&udkvnf;rul\/ autif,ludkvnf; raxmufcH\/ vlat;awGjzpfMuwJhtwkdif; olwkdU[molwkdU cyfat;at;aeMuwmygbJ? (4) OD;AaqG? OD;ausmfNidrf;? ocifwifwkdU acgif;aqmifwJh qdk&S,fvpfawGeJU AdkvfrSL;atmif AkdvfpdefrSefwdkU acgif;aqmifwJh &Jabmf0gawG&JU MudK;yrf;csufawGvJ reJygbl;? olwkdU&JU tm;wufoa&m ulnDrIudk r&bJ 0efMuD;csKyfocifEk wOD;wnf; jynfaxmifpkNydKrusatmif b,fenf;eJU rS rxdef;Edkfifygbl;? (5) owif;pmawG[m wcgwcgrSmawmh tpkd;&udk rsufvHk;jyL;oGm;atmif taESmuft,Suf ay; w,f? 'gayrJh tm;vHk;NcHKMunfhvkduf&if olykefawGudk wkdufwJhae&mrSm tpkd;&[m owif;pmawGqDu tultnDtrsm;MuD;&w,f? (6) olykefe,fajrawGrSm jynfolvlxkw&yfvHk;[m vlUrlvtcGifhta&;awG todrf;cH&NyD; iykvnf;aMumuf& ? i&SnfvJaMumuf&? ijyL;vJaMumuf&? iNyJvJaMumuf&eJU aoewfudkifxm;wJh olykefrSeforQtm;vHk;udk aMumufaeMu&w,f? jynfolvlxk&JU ypfpnf;awGqdkjyef&ifvnf; olwkdU rvdkcsifwmrSbJ usefawmhw,f? vdkcsifwmrSeforQtm;vHk; tvkcHMu&wmbJ? aemufNyD;awmhvnf; olykefawG[m Oya't& tkyfcsKyfwmr[kwfbJ xifovkd tkyfcsKyfaeMuwmjzpfwJhtwGuf tjypfbmrSr&dSbJeJUvnf; towfcHcsifcH&wmbJ? tcsKyftaESmif tzrf;tqD; cHcsifcH&wmbJ? tpdk;&e,fajrrSmqkd&if 'Dvdkr[kwfbl;? vufeufudkifNyD; olykefx&r,fqkdwmudkom rajymeJU usefwmawG tukefajymvkdU&w,f? tpkd;&udk pifjrifhay:ujzpfjzpf? pme,fZif;awGxJujzpfjzpf? MudKufovkd a0zefEdkifw,f? qEjyNyD;MudKufovkd &IwfcsEdkifw,f? jynfolvlxk[m Oya'udk rcsKd;azmufoa&GU orwudkvnf; aMumufp&mrvdk 0efMuD;csKyfwkdU 0efMuD;wkdUudkvnf; aMumufp&mrvdk? rw&m; ojzifh tzrf;tqD; tcsKyfaESmifcH&w,fxif&if w&m;vTwfawmfcsKyftxd t,lcHEdkifcGifh&dw,f? aoewf0g'&JU atmufrSm vlawG[m oif;xm;wJh EGm;awGyrm aeMu&NyD;\/ Oya'0g'atmufrSmawmh jynfolvlxk[m *kPf&dSwJhodufcg&dSwJhvlawGvdk wifhwifhw,fw,f? x,fx,f0g0g aeEkdifMuyguvm; qdkwJhtcsufudk jynfolvlxk[m rsuf0g;xifxifjrifvmMuw,f? olykefawG&JU aoewf0g'eJU","tpdk;&&JU Oya'0g'wkdU&JU jcm;em;csufudk tckvkd jrifvmMuwJhtwGuf jynfolvlxk[m aoewf0g'udk rsufrkef;MudK;? apmufjrifuyfvmw,f? Oya'0g'udk wpxufwp wkd;NyD; cspfjrwfEdk;vmMuw,f? tJ'DjynfolvlxkxJu ajymEkdifqkdEdkif ajymwwfqkdwwf &dSwJhvlawG[m aoewf0g'udk trkef;MuD;rkef;aewJh olwkdU&JU rkef;pdwfawGeJU Oya'0g'udk tcspfMuD; cspfaeMuolwkdU&JU cspfpdwfawGu wkdufwGef;MuwJhtwGuf tjcm;b,folurS olwkdUudk rwkdufwGef;&bJ vbuf&nfMurf;0kdif;? vbuf&nfqkdif? &SifjyKem;o yZif;wuf? r*FvmaqmifawGrSmbJjzpfjzpf ukefukefajymvkdufr,f romtdrfrSmbJjzpfjzpf b,fae&mrSmbJjzpfjzpf tcGifhaumif;&wJh ae&mwkdif;rSm olwkdU&JU 0rf;xJrSm&dSwJh rkef;pdwfeJU cspfpdwfawGudk tukeftefxkwfMuwmbJ? tckvdk olwkdU&JU tefxkwfrIawG[m jynfaxmifpk jyKdusroGm;atmif xdef;wJhae&mrSm wenf;wvrf;tm;jzifh tultnD taxmuftyHh jzpfw,f? (7) tJ'DtcsdefawGrSmwkef;u 0efMuD;csKyfocifEkqDudk u&ifc&pf,mef oif;tkyfq&mawG &Hzef&HcgvmMuNyD; xm0&ocif[m 0efMuD;csKyfocifEkudk aumif;csD;ay;awmfrlygap tp&dSwJh qkrGefaumif;awGeJU qkawmif;ay;Muw,f?? qkawmif;NyD;wJhtcg wOD;eJU wOD;owfwmjzwfwmawG[m a,&Iocif&JU vrf;pOfr[kwfbl;? tJ'Dawmh a,&I ocifukd udk;uG,fqnf;uyfaeMuwJh c&pf,mef *dkPf;om;awG[m aoG;acsmif;pD;atmif vkyfay;aewJh vrf;pOfudk rvdkufMubkdU olwkdUvufatmufrSm&dSaeMuwJh c&pf,mefawGudk olwdkUtNrJwrf; qHk;raeygw,fvdkU 0efMuD;csKyfudk ajymw,f? tJ'DvkdbJ tpOfqHk;raeMuwJh q&mMuD;awG c&pf,mef bkef;MuD;awG[m olwkdU[meJU olwkdU wEdkifiHvHk;rSm trsm;MuD;&dSaeMurSmbJ qkdwmudk 0efMuD;csKyfocifEk[m rrdSwfrokef,Hkw,f? aemufNyD;awmh olykefawG awmckdaeMuwJh ae&mwdki;frSm Ak'f\\\"bmombkef;MuD;awG&dSw,f? tJ'Dbkef;MuD;awGxJu tawmfrsm;rsm; olUtoufrowfbkdU? olUOpfpmrckd;bkdU-rvkbdkU? udk,fhvifudk,hfr,m;r[kwfolawGeJU roGm;vm-rvGefusL;bdkU? vdrfrajymbkdU\/ t&ufraomufbkdU olykefawGudk qHk;rMurSmygbJ? tJ'Dbmoma&;qkdif&m olawmfaumif;awG&JU MudK;yrf;csufawG[mvnf; jynfaxmifpk NydKrusatmif xdef;ay;wJhae&mrSm tawmfxda&mufygw,f? tckazmfjycJhwJh yk*dKvfawG&JU MudK;yrf;csufawG[m jynfaxmifpkorkdif;rSmomru urmhorkdif;rSmyg tifrwef ajymifajrmufEdkifwJh MudK;yrf;csufawG jzpfMuwJhtwdkif; tJ'DMudK;yrf;csufawGudk aoaocsmcsm okawoe vkyfNyD; *&kwpdkuf rSwfwrf;wifxm;xkdufw,f? tckpmtkyfu us,fus,fjyefUjyefU a&;EkdifwJh jynfaxmifpkorkdif; r[kwf? orkdif;eJU pmvkduf&if tifrwef usOf;ajrmif;aewJh vlwa,muf&JU txkwfywfwd rQom","jzpfaewJhtwGuf txufygtcsufawGudk 'DpmtkyfxJrSm razmfjyEdkifwm pma&;ol 0rf;eJygw,f? 1950ckESpfxJudk 0ifvmwJhtcg tpdk;&tzGJU[m a&S;wkef;ueJU rwlawmhbl;? touf&I&wm eJeJacsmifvmNyD\/ tJ'gaMumifh ZGefvtv,favmufrSm usif;ywJh 0efMuD;rsm; tpnf;ta0;rSm uJ rdwfaqGwdkU uRefawmfreufjzef omoemh&dyfomudkoGm;NyD; w&m;tm;xkwfvdkuftHk;r,f? ocFg&kyufcOmPf udk&wJhtxd tm;xkwfbkdU uRefawmft\\\"dXmefjyKxm;w,f? tJ'gaMumifh 'DOmPfudk&NyD;rSbJ uRefawmfjyefvmawmhr,f? tJ'DtwGif; wEkdifiHvHk;rSm rD;[kef;[kef;awmufonfhwkdifatmif uRefawmfhudk vmrac:MueJU\/ cifAsm;wkdUbJ 'DrD;udkEdkifatmif owfMuayawmhvkdU ajymNyD; 0efMuD;csKyfocifEk[m omoemh&dyfomudk ajymif;oGm;w,f? Zlvkdifv (20)&ufaeUavmufrSmrS olt\\\"dXmefjyKxm;wJh ocFg&kyufcOmPfudk ocifEk&w,f? aA'ifpum;eJU ajym&&if tJ'Dtcsdefu jynfaxmifpk&JU vufay:u &m[kN*dKvfqif;oGm;NyD xifw,f? ocifEk w&m;tm;xkwfaewkef; jynfaxmifpkudk aemufxyfrD;wrD; avmifjyefNyDvkdU qdk&avmufatmif qdk;&Gm;wJhtjzpftysuf wckrSrjzpfysufcJhbl;? tcef; 25 1950ckESpftwGif; a&muf&dSvmawmh 0efMuD;csKyfocifEk[m olUeHr,fa&SUu (ocif) udkjzKwfvkdufNyD; OD;EkvkdU trnfajymif;vkdufw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m Ak'f\\\"w&m;awmf&JUvTrf;rdk;rIudk touf(20)avmufupNyD; ,Hk,HkMunfMunf cH,lcJholjzpfwJhtavQmuf bmoma&;eJU ywfoufwJh olUt,ltq? olUoabmxm;awGudk 'Dae&mrSm eJeJavmufazmfjyoifhw,fxifw,f? Ak'f\\\"w&m;awmft& wavmuvHk;rSm tMurf;tm;jzifh owfw0g (7)rsKd;&dSw,f? 'Dowfw0gawG[m (1) jA[m\/ (2) ewf\/ (3) vl\/ (4) tol&um,f\/ (5) Nydwfwm\/ (6) wd&pmef\/ (7) i&Jom;qdkwJh (7)rsKd;bJjzpfw,f? 'Dowfw0gawGxJu b,folrS rwnfNrJbl;? waeUus&ifaoMu&r,f? aowJhtcg olwkdU [m csKyfroGm;bl;? olwkdU&JU ukodkvfuH? tukodkvfuHawGtwdkif; owfw0g(7)rsKd;xJu wrsKd;rsKd;jyefjzpf& r,f? tMurf;tm;jzifhajym&&if ukodkvfawGudkvkyfcJhwJholawG[m vlawG? ewfawG? jA[mawG jyefjzpfMuw,f? tukodkvfeJU uGJ&jcif;qdkwJh qif;&JrIawGeJU tNrJawGUae&w,f? 'Dqif;&JrIawGu vGwfajrmufcsifw,fqdk&if b0opfawG jzpfatmifvkyfay;aewJh avmb? a'go? arm[ qdkwJh udavomawGudk tMuGif;r&dSatmif owfypfEkdif&r,f? 'DvkdowfypfEdkifwJhtwGuf udavomawG tMuGif;rJh","csKyfNidrf;aejcif;udk edAmefvdkU ac:w,f? 'Dvkd udavomawG csKyfNidrf;aewJh yk*dKvfudk t&[wfvdkY ac:w,f? t&[wfaowJhtcg aemufxyfb0opfrjzpfawmhbl;? b0opf rjzpf&wJhtwGuf tMudfrfMudrf tzefzef tkdjcif;? emjcif;? pdwfqif;&Jjzpfjcif;? aojcif;? cspfcifolrsm;ESifh uGJ&jcif;qkdwJh qif;&J awGu wcgwnf; vGwfajrmufoGm;w,f? 'Dvkd vGwfajrmufoGm;wmudk a0g[m&tm;jzifh edAmefpH0efw,fvdkU Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawGu ac:Muw,f? tckvdkvGwfajrmufoGm;apEkdifwJh w&m;udk jrwfpGmbk&m;awG yGifhawmfrlrSMum;&w,f? yGifhawmfrrlwJhtcg rMum;&bl;? bk&m;awGuvJ cPcP ryGifhMubl;? wcgwcg urmawGjzpfay:vmNyD; ukefqHk;omoGm;Mumw,f\/ bk&m;wqlrS ryGifhbl;? wcsKdU urmawGusawmh wqlomyGifhw,f? b,furmrSmrS ig;qlxufydkryGifhbl;? bk&m;awGyGifhawmfrlMuwJh tcgawGrSmvnf; i&Jom;? wd&dpmef? Nydwm? tol&um,f qkdwJh tyg,f av;bHkom;awG[m w&m;awmfukd em;rvnfEdkifMubl;? vlewfjA[mawGom em;vnfEkdifMuw,f? vlewfjA[mawGrSmvnf; jrwfpGmbk&m;udk ,HkMunfMuolawGom w&m;awmfudk emMur,f? w&m;awmftwkdif; usifhMuHMur,f? r,HkMunfMuwJh yk*dKvfawGusawmhemrSmvJr[kwfbl;? usifhrSmvJr[kwfbl;? tckaz:jycJhwJhtcsufawGaMumifh tkd? em? ao? uGJtp&dSwJh oHo&m0Vfqif;&JawGu vGwfajrmufapEkdifwJH w&m;awmfudk Mum;emcGifh&bkdUqkdwm rvG,fbl;? tJ'gaMumifh tckvdkMum;emcGifh&wJhtcg Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifrSeforQ wjcm;bmudkrS vkyfbkdUrvkd? bk&m;qk? ypfapPuAk'f\\\"qk?t*f*om0uqk? r[mom0uqk qkdwJh qkav;rsKd;xJu wrsKd;rsKd;udk yefqifolrsm;twGuf ocFg&kyufcOmPfudk a&S;OD;pGm &atmif tm;xkwf&r,f? 'D?Pfudk&NyD;NyDqkdawmhrS yg&rDq,fyg;udk rdrd wwfEkdifoavmuf jznfhusifh&r,f? yuwdom0uqkudk yefqifoluawmh 'Db0rSmbJ &[Emjzpf&if taumif;qHk;bJ? 'Dvkdtm;rxkwfEdkif&if 'Db0rSm teJqHk;tjzpfeJU r*f(4)r*f&dSwJh txJu atmufqHk;r*fjzpfwJh aomwmywfwdr*fudk &atmif tm;xkwf&r,f? 'Dvkdtm;xkwfwm[m tdk? em? ao? uGJ tp&dSwJh oHo&m0Vfqif;&JawGu vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf t\\\"du tcsufMuD;jzpfaewmaMumifh Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifrSeforQ[m ta&;rMuD;wmawGudk aemufa&TUxm;NyD; ta&;MuD;wJh t\\\"dutcsufudk a&S;OD;pGm vkyfMu&r,f? tckvkd tcGifhaumif;MuD;udk &&dSwkef; t\\\"du tcsufMuD;udkrvkyfrdbJ ayghayghqq aeoGm;Mu&if aemifb0rSm 'Dw&m;awmfawGeJU jyefawGUbdkUqdkwm rvG,fbl;? aemifb0rSm i&JeJU wd&dpmefbHkawGudk a&mufae&if w&m;awmfudk","em;rvnfEdkifawmhbl;? aemifb0rSmvlewfjA[mbJ jyefjzpfonfhwkdifatmif 'Db0wkef;ubk&m;udk ,HkMunfcJhol[m aemifb0rSmvnf; 'DvkdbJqufNyD; ,HkMunfvdrfhtHk;r,fvdkU b,folrS tmrrcHEkdifbl;? tJ'gaMumifh wckb0rSm tifrwef MuD;us,fwJh tcGifhaumif;MuD;udk &&dSwkef; Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifwkdif;[m oHo&m0Vfqif;&JawGu vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf ckeuajymcJhwJhtwkdif; tpGrf;ukef tm;xkwfMu&r,f? 'gayrJh Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawGxJrSm tckajymovkd b,fESpfa,muftm;xkwfMuovJ? OD;Ek&JU cefUrSef;ajct&qkd&if Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifwaxmifavmufrSmrS w&m;tm;xkwfol[m wa,mufavmufbJ&dSawm hr,f? w&m;tm;xkwfwmuawmh eJeJcufvkdU xm;vkdufygtHk;? w&m;udkem;vnfolawG Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawG xJrSm b,favmuf&dSrvJ? w&mrSm wa,mufavmufbJ &dSawmhr,fvdkU OD;EkcefUrSef;Munfhrdw,f? oHo&m 0Vfqif;&JawGu vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mMum;xm;cJhwJh w&m;awmfrSm oDv? orm\\\"d? ynmqkdNyD; tydkif;MuD; (3)ykdif;&dSw,f? oDvqkdwm udk,furaumif;wmudk rvkyfatmif EIwfuraumif;wmudk rajymatmif xdef;odrf;wJhtydkif;jzifw,f? orm\\\"dqdkwmu tpOfxm0& jyefUvGifhaewJh pdwfawGudk tm&Hkwckwcktay:rSm wnfNidrfaeatmif xdef;odrf;wJh tydkif;jzpfw,f? ynmqkdwmu avmb?a'go? arm[m qkdwJh udavomawGudk tMuGif;rJh okwfoifypfEkdifwJh r*fnmPfzdknmPfawGudk&atmif urXmef;xkdifwJhtydkif;jzpfw,f? tJ'Dtydkif;(3)ydkif; &dSwJhtxJu orm\\\"deJUynmydkif;[m em;vnfbdkUcufw,f? oDvydkif;uawmh em;vnfbkdUvG,fw,f? tJ'DoDvtydkif;rSm jrwfpGmbk&m;[m (5)yg;oDv? (8)yg;oDv? (9)yg;oDv? (10)yg;oDv tp&dS ojzifh oDvawGudk trsKd;rsKd;cGJjcm;NyD; a[mypfcJhw,f? tJ'DoDvawGxJrSm (5)yg;oDvqdkwm[m Ak'f\\\"bmom0if wkdif; teJqHk; udk,fusifhw&m;tjzpfeJU apmifhxdef;&rJhoDvjzpfw,f? tJ'DoDvxJrSmygwJh udk,fusifh w&m;(5)rsKd;[m bmvJqdkwmudk aoaocsmcsm odwJhvlawG Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawGxJrSm b,favmuf&dSovJ? OD;Ek[m touf(15)ESpfeJU (30)Mum;xJrSm &dSwJhvli,fawGudk tawmfrsm;rsm; tMudrfrsm;rsm; ppfMunfhbl;w,f? ig;yg;oDv[m bmvJqkdwmudk ususee ajymjyEdkifwJh vli,fawG[m w&mrSm q,fa,mufavmufbJ&dSawmhr,f? Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawGxJrSm bk&m;? w&m;? oHCm &wemoHk;yg;udk xdjcif;ig;yg;eJU tcsKd;usus &dSckd;wwfwJh vlawG[m w&mrSm q,fa,mufavmufbJ&dSawmhr,f? tJ'DtcsufawGudkawGU&wJhtcg 'DAk'f\\\"bmom0ifawG[m oHo&m0Vfqif;&Ju","vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf olwkdU&&dSaewJh tcGifhaumif;MuD;udk tvGJoHk;pm;vkyfaeMuNyDvkdU awG;rdNyD; OD;Ek[m &ifqkdUaew,f? tJ'gaMumifh-(1) Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawG[m bmoma&;rSm pdwf0ifpm;vmatmif (2)oHo&m0Vf qif;&JawGu vGwfajrmufapEdkifwJh Ak'f\\\"w&m;awmfudk odEkdiforQod&dSvmMuatmif\/ (3)'DvkdodMuNyD; oHo&m0Vfqif;&JawGu vGwfajrmufa&;twGuf w&m;tm;xkwfMuatmif 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m olwwfEkdifoa&GU vkyfay;oGm;w,f? 'Dvkdvkyfay;oGm;wJh bmoma&;vkyfief;awGxJu vkyfief;wcsKdUudk 'Dae&mrSm tusOf;csKyfavmufazmfjycsifw,f? (1) bkef;MuD;ausmif;awGrSm ygVdwufuodkvfawG xlaxmifay;w,f? (2) vlpmjyefyGJawGeJU bkef;JMuD;pmjyefyGJawGudk usif;yay;cJhw,f? vlpmjyefyGJawGxJu axmifusaewJh tusOf;om;awGtwGuf vkyfay;cJhwJh pmjyefyGJ[m txl;rSwfom;p&maumif;w,f? axmifxJu pmjyefyGJawGrSm atmifrSwf&wJh tusOf;om;awG[m avQmh&ufawG&w,f? jrefjrefvGwfcsifwJh tusOf;om;awG[m tJ'DpmjyefyGJawGrSm atmifrSwfawG&atmif txl;MudK;pm;Muw,f? bkef;MuD;pmjyefyGJawGxJu wdyd#ua& pmjyefyGJ[m txkl;rSwfom;p&maumif;w,f? 'DpmjyefyGJudk yxrtMudrfusif;yaewJhtcg tif;pdefw0kdufrSm autif'DtkdawGeJU tpdk;&wyfom;awG&JU wkdufyGJawG[m tawmfjyif;xefwkef;&dSao;w,f? wcgwcg ypfoHcwfoHwcsKdUudk pmar;yGJvkyfaewJh ae&mu Mum;&w,f? 'DwkdufyGJawGaMumifh 'DpmjyefyGJudk a&GUqkdif;ypfbdkU bmoma&;acgif;aqmifwcsKdUuawmif 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ekudk tMuHay; Mu&wJhtxd jzpfcJh&ao;w,f? tif;pdefwkdufyGJxufydkNyD; pdwf0ifpm;p&maumif;wJh tcsufwcsufudk 'Dae&mrSm eJeJavmufazmfjycsifw,f? wdyd#ua&pmjyefyGJqkdwm okwfwH? 0denf;? tbd\\\"rmqdkwJh yd#uwfoHk;yHkqkdwm reJbl;? pmtkyfaygif; (50)ausmfw,f? pmtkyfwtkyfrSm pmrsufESm(400)avmuf&dSw,f? tJ'gaMumifh pmjyefyGJudk tputqHk;xd wqufwnf; rusif;yEkdifbl;? Mum;rSmtem;ay;NyD; usif;y&w,f? ESpfpOfESpfwkdif; tm*HkeJU a&;ajz(2)ckpvHk;udk atmifwJh udk,fawmfwyg;[m yd#uwfoHk;yHkukefatmif av;ESpfajz&r,f? ref;'av;rSm ESpfpOfESpfwkdif; usif;ywJh pMumoD[ pmjyefyGJ[m 'Dwdyd#ua& pmjyefyGJavmufrcufbl;? tJ'gawmif tJ'DpmjyefyGJtwGuf pmusufMuwJh ukd,fawmfwcsKdU[m yifyef;vGef;wJhtwGuf ysHawmfrlMuw,f? 'Dwdyd#ua& pmjyefyGJudkom usif;y&if &[ef;awGydkNyD; ysHawmfrlMuvdrfhr,f? tJ'gaMumifh 'DpmjyefyGJudk rvkyfygeJU zsufypfygvdkU","&efukefu &[ef;wcsKdUu awmif;qdkMuw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;EkwdkUvlpkuvnf; rzsufbl;vkdU jyefMum;wJhtcg pmjyefyGJrvkyfjzpfatmif pmjyefyGJudk oydwfwm;r,fvkdU tJ'D&[ef;awGu ausnmw,f? tJ'gaMumifh &JtzGJUudk tapmifhcsxm;NyD; tJ'D yxrpmjyefyGJudk usif;y&w,f? 'DpmjyefyGJ[m uefUuGufwJh &[ef;awG taMumif;jywJhtwkdfif; tifrwefcufwJh pmjyefyGJ ygbJ? tcktcsdeftxd pmjyefyGJtzGJUu pDpOfxm;wJhtwkdif; t&IH;r&dSbJ *kPfxl;eJUatmifwm OD;0dpdwfwom&mbd0Ho udk,fawmfwyg;bJ&dSao;w,f? wjcm;udk,fawmfawGuawmh wcgwcgwav tm*HkjyefwJhbufrSmusw,f? wcgwav a&;ajzwJh bufrSmusw,f? atmifjrifatmif tMudrfMudrf jyefNyD; ajz&w,f? 'gayrJh pmar;yGJtwGuf pmusuf&vGef;vdkU a&m*gpGJNyD; ysHvGefawmfrlwJh &[ef;wyg;rS r&dScJhzl;bl;? (3) 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m w&m;awmfudk q&meJUususee oifcJhzl;olr[kwf? vlynm&dSrsm;? &[ef;ynm&dSrsm;&JY a[majymcsufrsm;udk teJi,f Mum;emzl;w,f? a&;om;csufrsm;udk teJi,f avhvmzl;w,f? tJ'Daemuf olem;vnforQuav;eJU tcGifhaumif;&wkdif; y&dwfowfeJeJudkjzpfjzpf? rsm;rsm;udkjzpfjzpf w&m;a[mavh&dSw,f? jzefUcsDvkdolrsm;tm; olUa[m ajymcsufawGudk \\\"r'ge tjzpf vSL'gef;avh&dSw,f? (4) yd#uwfoHk;yHkudk ygVdvkdu jrefrmvkd bmomjyefay;w,f? 'Dvkd jzefUcsDay;vkdfufwJh twGuf ygVdvkd rwwfwJh Ak'f\\\"bmom0iftawmfrsm;rsm;[m yd?uwfoHk;yHkudk zwfEdkifvmMuw,f? (5) Ak'f\\\"w&m;awmfawGeJU tifrwefa0;aewJh awmifwef;a'oawGrSm omoemjyKvkyfief;awGudk tm;ay;w,f? (6) Ak'f\\\"omoem pnfyifjyefUyGm;a&;udk aqmif&GufEkdifbkdUtwGuf Ak'f\\\"omoem tzGJUcsKyf wckudk zGJUpnf;ay;NyD; omoema&;udwfprsm;udk aqmif&GufEkdif&eftwGuf tpdk;&u axmufyHhaMu; ay;xm;w,f? (7) tpdk;&pmoifausmif;awGeJU wufuodkvfawGrSm Ak'f\\\"w&m;awmfudk oifMum;ydkUcsapw,f? (8) ArmEdkifiHrSm yd#uwfoHk;yHkudk rif;wkef;rif; vufxufawmfwkef;u ausmufpmxGif;NyD; rSwfwrf;wif xm;ypfcJhw,f? aemufacwfawGusawmh yHkESdyfwdkuftrsKd;rsKd;u usrf;pmtkyfawG&kdufNyD; rSwfwrf;wifMuw,f? tJ'DrSwfwrf;wifwJhtcg ausmufpmxGif;olawG rSm;NyD;xGif;rdwJhtwGuf ausmufpmawGxJrSm trSm;t,Gif;awGygoGm;w,f? pmtkyf&kdufwJhtcgawGrSmvnf; pmpDorm;awG pmjyifq&mawG rSm;NyD;xnfhvdkufwJhtwGuf usrf;pmtkyfawGxJrSmvnf; trSm;t,Gif;awG","ygoGm;jyefw,f? 'DtrSm;t,Gif;awGudk tcsdefrD rjyifEkdif&if pmtrSm;aMumifh tusifhtrSm;awG jzpfay:vmEkdifp&m tef'&m,fawG&dSaew,f? tJ'gaMumifh &[ef;ynm&dS? vlynm&dSrsm;&JU Mo0g'ay;csuft& 'DtrSm;t,Gif;awGudk jyifbkdU 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m qXoHCm,emyGJawmfudkusif;yay;cJhw,f? (9) Ak'f\\\"w&m;awmfrSm tusifh[m odyfta&;MuD;w,f? tusifhr&dSbJ w&m;awmf&JU trSefoabmawGudk rjrifEkdifbl;? tMurf;tm;jzifh tusifh[m (3)rsKd;&dSw,f? (u) udk,furaumif;wmrvkyfatmif EIwfu raumif;wm rajymatmif apmifhxdef;wJhtusifh\/ (c) pdwfawG[mysHUvGifhjcif;r&dSbJ tm&kHwckcktay:rSm wnfNidrfaeatmif vkyf&wJhtusifh\/ (*) avmb? a'go? arm[qdkwJh udavomawGudk tMuGif;r&dSatmif owf&wJhtusifhqdkwJh tusifhoHk;rsKd;bJjzpfw,f? 'DtusifhoHk;rsKd;udk usifhEkdifatmifqdkNyD; a&S;OD;pGm &efukefrSm omoem&dyfom trnfeJU urXmef;ausmif;wckzGifhay;w,f? urXmef;q&mawGu w&m;awmf[m tifrwef tHhMozdkUaumif;w,f? atmufqHk;r*fjzpfwJh aomwywfwdr*fudk&atmif w&m;tm;xkwfNyD;wmeJU wjydKifeuf w&m;tm;xkwfolawG&JU pdwfoabmxm;awG[m xl;xl;jcm;jcm; ajymif;oGm;w,fvkdU ajymMuw,f? OD;Ekvnf; prf;MunfhcsifwmeJU owf&rSmvnf; 0efrav;\/ cdk;&wkduf&rSmvnf; 0efrav;\/ umrrSm rSm;,Gif;pGmusifh&rSmvnf; 0efrav;\/ vdrfajym&rSmvnf; 0efrav;\/ t&ufaomuf&rSmvnf; 0efrav;\/ tifrwefqkd;vGef;vkdU we,fvHk;u zdefUzdefUwkefatmif aMumuf&wJh olUoli,fcsif;wa,muf ukdomoemh&dyfomydkUvkdufw,f? w&m;tm;xkwfNyD;wJhtcg tHhMop&maumif;avmufatmif vlaumif;wa,mufjzpfoGm;w,f? tJ'Doli,fcsif;vnf; w&m;awmfudkESpfNcdKuf vGef;vkdU w&m;tm;xkwf&atmif olUrdef;rudk omoemh&dyfomac:vmvdkufao;w,f? 'Dtjzpftysufudk jrif&NyD;wJhtcg w&m;awmfrSm ,HkMunfrIawG tvGeftrif;jyif;xefvmwJhtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m &efukefwifrubJ wEkdifiHvHk;rSm omoemh&dyfomawG jyefyGm;oGm;atmif aqmif&Gufay;cJhw,f? tpdk;&taeeJ omoema&;xJrSm 'Davmuf0ifNyD;ygaewmraumif;bl;vkdU 0efMuD;csKyf&JUrdwfaqGwcsKdUu 0efMuD;csKyfudk tMuHay;Muw,f? uRefawmfwkdU tpdk;&tzGJUu jynfolvkxk&JU tusKd;pD;yGm;udk aqmif&GufbkdUtwGuf jynfolvlxku a&G;aumufwifajrmufxm;wmbJ? jynfolvlxk&JUtusKd;pD;yGm;xJrSm bmoma&;rygbl;vkdU b,folajymEdkifovJ? ajym&iftJ'DvlrSm;vdrfhr,f? vlawG&JU vuf&dSb0[m tvGefqHk; tESpfw&m&Sdawmhraygh? aemifb0rSm b,fESpfESpf&dSr,fqdkwm b,folrS *Pef;eJU","a&wGufrajyEdkifbl;? tESpfw&mavmuf&dSwJh 'Db0aumif;pm;a&;twGuf tpdk;&tzGJU[m aqmif&GufEkdifw,fqkd&if ESpfta&twGuftm;jzifh tqHk;r&dSwJh aemifb0aumif;pm;a&;twGuf bmjzpfvkdU raqmif&GufEkdfif&rSmvJ? aqmif&GufEkdif&r,fvkdU ajymNyD; 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek[m oloGm;aewJhvrf;ay:u eJeJuav;rS aemufwGefUroGm;bJ aoGzDroGm;bJ qufNyD;oGm;NrJwkdif;oGm;aewmbJ? ArmEdkifiHrSm (1) Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawG? (2) rlpvifbmom0ifawG\/ (3) c&pf,mefbmom0ifawG\/ (4) [dELbmom0ifawG? (5) ewfudk;uG,folawG &dSaew,f? 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek[m Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawGtwGufom aqmif&Gufay;aewm r[kwfbl;? ol[m Ak'f\\\"w&m;awmf&JU t&dyftm0goudk ckdvIHwkdif; tifrwef MuD;us,fwJh pdwfcsrf;omrIudk&w,f? wjcm;bmom0ifawGvnf; olwkdUtoD;oD; udk;uG,fMuwJh bmomawG&JU t&dyftm0goudk ckdvIHwkdif; olUvkdbJ tifrwef MuD;us,fwJh pdwfcsrf;omrIudk &MurSmbJ? tJ'DMuD;us,fwJh pdwfcsrf;omrIawGudk 'Dyk*dKvfawG[m olUvkdbJ&Muygap qkdwJh udk,fcsif;pmemrI 0efMuD;csKyfOD;EkrSm &dSaew,f? tJ'gaMumifh OD;Ek[m Ak'f\\\" bmom0ifawGtwGuf aqmif&Gufay;ovdk wjcm;bmom0ifawGtwGuf w&m;ojzifh aqmif&Guf ay;w,f? Oyrm (1) bmoma&;twGuf axmufyHhaMu;udk ay;wJhtcg a&S;OD;pGm axmufyHhaMu; b,favmufay;r,f qkdwmudk owfrSwfvkdufNyD; oufqkdif&m bmoma&;tzGJUawGudk vlOD;a&tvkduf cGJa0ay;vkdufw,f? (2) 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m tdEd,eJU oD[kdu bk&m;\\\"mwfawmfeJU &[Em \\\"gwfawmfawGudk Ak'f\\\" bmom0ifawG ylaZmfzdkUtwGuf ArmEdkifiHudk yifhvmw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m AufwDuefrSm ykyfudk *g&0jyKNyD; jyefvmwJhtcg ArmEdkifiHu uufovpfawG jrwfEdk;rJh c&pfawmf&JU yHkawmfum;rsm;? pmtkyfrsm;? ykyf&JU&kyfyHkcwfEdSyfxm;wJh wHqdyfrsm;udk AufwDuefu ,lvmNyD; c&pf,mefawGudk a0ay;w,f? (3) uufovpfacgif;aqmifrsm; tzGJUwzGJUudkzGJUNyD; ykyfudk *g&0jyK&atmif tpdk;&p&dwfeJU apvTwfcJhw,f? tvm;wl rGwfpviftzGJUwzGJUNyD; rufumrSm*g&0jyK&atmif tpk;d&p&dwfeJU apvTwfcJhw,f? (4) yd#uwfoHk;yHkudk ygVdvdku jrefrmvkdbmomjyefovdk? udk&efusrf;udkvnf; tma&Asbmomvkdu jrefrmvdk bmomjyefzkdUtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Eku axmufyHhaMu;xkwfay;w,f? bmomjyefNyD;wJhtcg jrefrmbmomjyef[m rlv usrf;&if;eJU wlrwludk ppfaq;&ef csKdU,Gif;csufrsm;ukdjyKjyif&efeJUjyKjyifNyD;wJhtcgbmomjyefudk twnfjyK&eftwGuf","wEkdifiHvHk;u usrf;wwfynm&dSrsm;&JU nDvmcHw&yfudk tpdk;&u usif;yay;r,fvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfu rlqvifacgif;aqmifrsmudk *wday;xm;w,f? bdkifb,fvfudkawmh a'gufwm*syfqifwkdU vufxufuwnf;u jrefrmvkd bmomjyefNyD;aeNyD? tJ'gaMumifh y&kdwufpwifh *dkPf;aygif;pHknDvmcHwck &efukefrSm usif;ywJhtcg udk,fpm;vS,fawGudk bkdifb,fvf wtkyfuspD vSL'gef;w,f? (5) rlqvif? c&pf,mef? [dELtzGJUawGu bmoma&; udwfpwckckeJU ywfoufNyD; zdwfMum;wJhtcg 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m b,fawmhrSrjiif;bl;? AvDxJudkvJoGm;wmbJ? csmhcsfxJudkvnf; oGm;wmbJ? [dEL0wfausmif;xJudkvnf; oGm;wmbJ? nDvmcHawGwufygqkdvnf; wufvmbJ? rdefUcGef;ay;ygqdkvnf; ay;wmbJ\/ o0PfvTmay;ygqkdvJ ay;wmbJ? (6) tpdk;&pmoifausmif;awGrSm Ak'f\\\"w&m;awmfudk toifckdif;wJhtcg 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m rlqvifeJU c&pf,mefbmomawGudkvnf; toifckdif;bdkU arhraebl;? toifckdif;w,f? 'Dvkd toifckdif;vdkufwJh twGuf bmawG jzpfvmw,fqkdwm eJeJavmuf Munfh&atmif? ESpfuawmh 1954ckESpfeJUwlw,f? tJ'DESpfxJrSm MoZmMuD;rm;wJh &[ef;awmf tzGJUwzGJUu udk,fpm;vS,foHk;yg;[m aeUwaeUrSm 0efMuD;csKyfOD;EkeJU vmawGUMuw,f? 'umMuD;\/ tpkd;& pmoifausmif;awGrSm rlqvifbmomeJU c&pf,mefbmomudk oifwm usKyfwkdU rMudKufbl;? uefUuGufw,f? 'DbmomawGoifwmudk csufcsif;&yfay;yg? OD;yZif;wkdUu bmjzpfvkdU rMudKufwmvJ 'DbmomawG[m rdpm'dXdbmomawG\/ 'gaMumifh rMudKufbl;? rlqvifausmif;olausmif;om;awGudk rlqvifbmom oifay;w,f? c&pf,mefausmif;ol ausmif;om;awGudk c&mpf,mefbmom oifay;w,f? Ak'f\\\"bmom0if ausmif;olausmif;om;awGudk 'DbmomawG oifay;wmrS r[kwfbJ? 'gayrJh tpdk;&ausmif;awGrSm 'DbmomawGudk roif&bl;? olwkdUoifcsif&if wjcm;rSm oGm;oifMuayap? 'Dvkd rw&m; uefUuGufwmrsKd;udk rvkyfcsifygeJU? rif;wkef;rif;MuD;[m Ak'f\\\"bmom omoemudk tifrwef MunfndKwJh &Sifbk&ifMuD;bJ? tJ'D&Sifbk&ifMuD; vufxuf ref;'av; aejynfawmfrSm rlqvifbmomeJU c&pf,mefbmomawGudk tawmfaxmufyHhcJhwmbJ? rif;wkef;rif;MuD; vufxufwkef;u usKyfwkdUr&dSvkdU 'Dvkd axmufyHh&wm? usKyfwkdUom&Sd&if 'DvdkaxmufyHh&rSm r[kwfbl;?","tpdk;&pmoifausmif;awGudk Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawG&JU ydkufqHeJUcsnf;bJ xlaxmifxm;wm r[kwfbl;? rlqvifawGeJU c&pf,mefawG&JU ydkufqHawGvnf; ygw,f? tJ'Dawmh Ak'f\\\"bmomw&m;awmfudk tpkd;&pmoifausmif;awGrSm oifEkdif&if rlqvifbmomeJU c&pf,mefbmomawGudkvnf; oifEkdif&rSmbJ? roif&bl;\/ usKyfwkdU jyif;jyif;xefxefuefUuGufw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m olUpdwfudkol rxdef;Ekdifawmhbl;? tJ'gaMumifh uJ-OD;yZif;wkdU jyefMuawmh tpkd;&pmoifausmif;awGrSm rlqvifbmomeJY c&pf,mefbmomudk roif&&if b,fbmomudkrS roifawmhbl;vkd@ ajymNyD; &[ef;ukd,fpm;vS,f (3)OD;udk jyefvTwfvkdufw,f? trSefpifppfqkd&if 'Dudwfp[m MuD;us,fwJh udwfpr[kwfygbl;? tJ'Dtcsdefu wjcm;0efMuD; wOD;wOD;om OD;Ekae&mrSm &dSaer,fqdk&if ukd,fpm;vS,foHk;yg;&JU uefUuGufcsufudk b,fvdkrS jyefvnf acsyaerSm r[kwfbl;? tomem;axmifaerSbJ olwkdUajymvkdU 0awmhrS 'Dudwfpudk 0efMuD;rsm;eJU wkdifyifyg&aptHk;vdkU ajymNyD;jyefvTwfvkdufr,f? tJ'Daemuf OD;ausmfNidrf;? ocifomcif? Akdvfcifarmifuav; tp&dSwJh qdk&S,fvpfacgif;aqmifawGudk &[ef;udk,fpm;vS,fqDudk vTwfr,f? 'Dqkd&S,fvpfacgif;aqmifawGeJU 'D&[ef;udk,fpm;vS,fawG[m 'kwd,urmppfMuD;twGif;u twlwlvufwGJNyD; a&S;OD;pGmt*FvdyftJ'Daemuf *syefudk awmfvSefcJhMuzl;w,f? tJ'Dvkd twlwGJNyD; awmfvSefcJhNu&if;u olwkdU[m wOD;eJUwOD; tawmf cifrif&ifESD;vmMuw,f? wOD;tay:rSmvnf; wOD;u MoZm&dSoavmuf &dSvmMuw,f? trSefppfqdk&if 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m tJ'D&[ef;udk,fpm;vS,f oHk;yg;xJu wyg;udk tawmfrsufrkef;MudK;aewJhtwGuf rawGUcsifbl;vdkUawmif oHk;av;Mudrfjiif;y,fcJhzl;w,f? qdk&S,fvpfacgif;aqmifawGu tMudrfMudrfawmif;yefwJhtwGuf 'D&[ef;udk,fpm;vS,fawGudk tawGUcHvkdufwmjzpfw,f? 'Dqkd&S,fvpfudk,fpm;vS,fawGeJY 'D&[ef;udk,fpm;vS,fawG awGUqHkaqG;aEG;&&if tJ'D&[ef;udk,fpm;vS,fawGu olwkdU &JU uefUuGufcsufudk jyefvnf&kyfodrf;csifvnf; &kyfodrf;oGm;r,f? 'Dvkd r&kyfodrf;&ifvnf; 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Eka&m olwkdUyg vufcHEdkifwJh tpDtpOftckckudk vkyfay;Ekdifw,f? 'gayrJh 'g[m vlrsm;pku vleJpkudk oufouf tEkdifusifhwmbJ,lqNyD; tifrwef pdwfqdk;aewJh twGuf 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek[m tJ'Djy?em tckajymcJhovdk rajz&Sif;csifbl;? 'DvkdudwfprsKd;rSm jzpfay:aeus olUnmOfqdk;twkdif; ajz&Sif;bkdU oH\\\"dXmefcsxm;w,f? tJ'gaMumifh wevFmaeUwdkif;usif;yaeus 0efMuD;rsm; tpnf;ta0;rSm &[ef;udk,fpm;vS,f oHk;yg;vmwJhtaMumif; ajym&kHomajymjyw,f? 'Dudwfpudk","csraqG;aEG;bJ ynma&;0efMuD;bufvSnfhNyD; ausmif;awGrSm b,fbmoma&;rs face=WinKalaw rovifayapeJ@awmh? face=WinKalaw trdef@xkwfvkdufvkd@ 0ef}uD;csKyf OD;Eku trdefUay;vkdufw,f? ynma&;0efMuD;[m qifjcifwHkw&m;&dSwJholqkdawmh 0efMuD;csKyfajymwJUtwkdif; csufcsif; trdefUrxkwfao;bJ cPavmuf qdkif;xm;w,f? aemufwywf 0efMuD;rsm; tpnf;ta0;usawmU [dkaeUu ajymwJh trdefUudk xkwfNyD;NyDvm;vkdU 0efMuD;csKyfu ynma&;0efMuD;udk vSrf;ar;w,f? uRefawmf xkwfvkdufyghr,fvkdU ynma&;0efMuD;uajzw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfvJ odyfpdwfqkd;NyD; uRefawmfckdif;wJhtvkyfudk 'DvkdqGJxm;wm rMudKufbl;? 'DuaeU&kH;udkjyefa&mufa&mufcsif; yxrqHk;tvkyftaeeJU 'DtrdefUudk xkwfay;vkdufyg? 'guRefawmfhtrdefUbJvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfu a'goeJUajymw,f? 'DtrdefUudkxkwfay;vkdufNyDqdk wJh owif;[m owif;pmawGxJrSmygvmwJhtcg vla&m&Sifyg wcgwnf; tHkMuGvmw,f? 0efMuD;csKyf[m 'DudwfpeJU ywfoufNyD; jynfolvlxkudk b,fvdkrS &Sif;rjybl;? olwkdjzKwfcsvdkuf&ifvJ &mxl;u jyKwfus&kHayghuGmvkdU ol[molajymNyD; 'Dudwfpudk ZGwfw&Gwf vspfvsL&Ixm;vkdufw,f? aemufav;ig;&ufMum&if arjrKdUu ppfwufuodkvfrSm 0efMuD;csKyf[m rdefUcGef;ajym&r,f? tJ'Dawmh arNrdKUudkrwufcif ref;'av;rSm &[ef;awmfawGudk avQmufxm;csifw,f? oifhawmfrJhae&mwckckrSm yifhxm;ygvkdU oufqdkif&mt&m&dSawGudk 0efMuD;csKyf nGefMum;vdkufw,f? trdefUxkwfvdkufwJhudwfpudk &Sif;vif;avQmufxm;rSmbJvkdU ,HkMunfNyD; yifhxm;wJhae&mudk &[ef;awmfawG tawmfrsm;rsm;MuGvmMuw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m a&mufvmwmeJU wjydKifeuf toifha&;,lvmwJh avQmufxm;csufudkzwfw,f? 'DavQmufxm;csufxJrSm ta&;MuD;qHk;tcsufuawmh wjcm;r[kwfbl;? ol[m &[ef;awmfawGudk tpOfxm0& ajcawmfOD;cdkuf&dScdk;aewJh olwa,mufyg? tJ'Dvkd vlrsKd;usawmh &[ef;awmfawG[m jcaoFha[mufoHeJY a[mufNyD; odyftEkdifusifhw,f? &[ef;awmfawGrSm 0denf;awmftwkdif; raebJ tusifhazmufjyefaewJh &[ef;qdk;awGusawmh tJ'DtEkdifusifhwJh &[ef;awG[m bmrS rajym&bl;? ol[m tEkdifusifhvm&if b,folubJ tEkdifusifhusifh iHkUrcHbl;? tJ'ga=umifh xkwfxm;wJh trdefUudk b,fenf;eJUrS jyefNyD; r&kwfodrf;Ekdifbl;qdkwJh tcsufbJjzpfw,f? arQmfvifhxm;wmuwrsKd; Mum;&wmuwrsKd;jzpfaewJhtwGuf &[ef;y&dwfowfwckvHk;[m vIyfvIyf&G&GjzpfoGm;w,f? avQmufNyD;wmeJU","wjydKifeuf tJ'DavQmufxm;csufpm&Gufudk olwkdUay;bkdU owif;axmufawGu awmif;w,f? nmPftajrmftjrif&dSwJh wdkif;rif;MuD;u twif;0ifwm;wJUtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyf[m avQmufxm;csufudk ay;rvdkUvkyfNyD;rS cPavmufqdkif;oGm;w,f? 'gayrJh bmudkpOf;pm;rdvkdU vnf;rqdkEdkifbl;? wdkif;rif;MuD;wm;aewJh txJu ,loGm;qdkNyD; owif;axmufawGudk avQmufxm;csuf pm&Gufay;vkdufw,f? wkdif;rif;MuD;uvnf; 'kwd,tMudrf twif;0ifwm;NyD; 0efMuD;csKyf 'DavQmufxm;csuf owif;pmawGxJrSm ygvm&if ref;'av;NrdKUudk uRefawmfxdef;vkdU&rSm r[kwfbl;vkdU tpD&ifcHw,f? tJ'gaMumifh OD;Ek[m avQmufxm;csuf ray;awmhbJ jyefodrf;xm;vkdufw,f? avQmufxm;csufpm&Gufudk r&aywJh bmawGudkavQmufw,fqdkwm owif;axmufawGMum;NyD;MuNyD? &[ef;awmfawGvnf; Mum;NyD;ukefMuNyD? tJ'gaMumifh avQmufxm;csufrSm bmawGjzpfw,f? bmawGavQmufxm;w,fqkdwJh owif;[m awmrD;yrm ref;'av;wjrdKUvHk;udk w&dSefxdk; jyefUxGufoGm;w,f? ref;'av;urS &efukef? &efukefurS wEkdifiHvHk; jyefUxGufoGm;NyD; avQmufxm;yGJrjzpfcifu OD;EkudkaxmufcHcJhwJh &[ef;&SifvlU raxmufcHonfhwkdifatmif Mum;aecJhwJh &[ef;&Sifvl y&dwfowf[m OD;Ekudk qefUusifvmMuw,f? OD;Ek[m arNrdKUppfwufuodkvfrSm rdefUcGef;ajymNyd; &efukefudk csufcsif; rjyefao;bl;? ref;'av;u {&m0wDjrpftwkdif; &efukefudk oabFmeJUpkefqif;vmw,f? we*FaEG wywfavmufMumw,f? olpD;vmwJh oabFm[m &efukefoabFmqdyfudk uyfNyD;wmeJU wNykdifeuf toifhapmifhaewJh twGif;0efwOD;u rlqvifacgif;aqmifawGawGUcsifwJhtaMumif;? jzpfEdkif&if tJ'DaeUrSmbJ awGUcsifwJhtaMumif; tpD&ifcHw,f? tJ'DtwGif;0efeJU oabFmqdyfrSmvmMudKaeMuwJh 0efMuD;awGqDu &[ef;tawmfrsm;rsm;eJU jynfolvlxk[m tawmftHkMuGaew,f? Ak'f\\\"bmom0ifawGeJU rlqvifawG&JU t\\\"du&kPf;[m tcsdefra&G;jzpfay:vmEdkifw,fqkdwJh taMumif;awGudk 0efMuD;csKyfOD;EkMum;&w,f? 0efMuD;wOD;uqkd&if trdefUxkwfol[m OD;EkjzpfaevdkUbJ tjcm;wOD;OD;omqdk&if t\\\"du&kPf;wckckjzpfNyD;wm MumNyDvkdUawmif 0efMuD;csKyfudk ajymw,f? tJ'gaMumifh tJ'DaeUnrSmbJ rlqvif acgif;aqmifawGeJUawGUbkdU 0efMuD;csKyf tcsdef;ckdif;vkdufw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfeJU awGUwJhtcg tJ'Drlqvifacgif;aqmifawGu 0efMuD;csKyfa& uRefawmfwkdUawmh 0efMuD;csKyf &efukefjyefta&mufudkbJ wxdwfxdwfeJUarQmfae&wmbJvdkUtpcsDvkdufw,f? (bmjzpfvkdU wxdwfxdwf jzpfae&wmvJ","t\\\"du&kPf;jzpfrSm uRefawmfwkdUodyfaMumufaew,f? rlqvifawG tawmfrsm;rsm;[m qef? qD? i&kwfoD;? MuufoGefawGudk 0,fNyD; tdrfxJrSm odrf;awmifxm;ukefMuNyD? cifAsm;wkdUeJU b,fvkdqkdifovJ? trdefUxkwfwJhol[m uRefawmfbJ? tJ'Dawmh tJ'DtrdefUxkwfwm rMudKufwJholawG uRefawmfhudk &ef&Sm&rSmbJ? cifAsm;wkdUeJU bmt\\\"du&kPf;jzpfp&m&dSovJ? trdefUudk 0efMuD;csKyfxkwfw,fqkdwm rSefygw,f? 'gayrJh uRefawmfwkdUu awmif;qdkwJhtwGuf 0ef}uD;csKyfu 'DtrdefUudk xkwfay;&w,fvkdU t&yfxJrSm aumv[Vjzpfaew,f? tJ'gaMumifh bkef;MuD;awGeJUvlxk[m uRefawmfwkdUrlqvifawGudk odyfNyD; &efNidK;MuD;aew,f? 'g[mrcufygbl;? reufjzefcgus&if owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJvkyfNyD; 'DtrdefUeJU rlqvifeJU bmrSrqdkifbl;? uRefawmfhoabmeJU uRefawmf[m uRefawmfqHk;jzwfNyD; xkwfvkdufw,fqkdwm uRefawmf&Sif;jyr,f? rvkyfygeJU 0efMuD;csKyf&,f\/ owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJvnf; u,fEkdifrSmr[kwfawmhygbl;? aumv[VawGu tvGeftuRHawG jzpfukefNyD? 'DtxJ vkcsif&dkufcsifwJhvlawGu t\\\"du&kPf; rjzpfjzpfatmif trsKd;rsKd; zefwD;ay;aew,f? 'DuaeU aeUvnfubJ uRefawmfwkdU&JUvrf;xJudk bkef;MuD;awGeJUvlwpk0ifvmNyD; 'D0ufom;pm; ratvdk;awG aumif;aumif;owdxm;? tm;vHk;romjzpfukefr,fvdkU tMumNuD;atmfus,f[pfus,f qJoGm;Muao;w,f? 'Dvkdqkd&if uRefawmfbmvkyfay;&rvJ 0efMuD;csKyfxkwfxm;wJhtrdefUudk jyef&kyfodrf;ay;yg? aemufNyD;awmh bkef;MuD;awGawmif;qdkwJhtwkdif; vkyfay;yg? pmoifausmif;awGrSm uRefawmfwkdU rlqvifawG bmoma&; roif&vkdU udwfpr&dSygbl;? uRefawmfwkdU[m uRefawmfwkdU tpDtpOfawG vkyf,lyghr,f? rlqvifacgif;aqmifawG jyefoGm;wJhtcg OD;Ek[m wa,mufxJxkdifNyD; pOf;pm;aew,f? bkef;MuD;awG tMurf;zufvm&if tpkd;&taeeJU vufydkufMunfhaeEdkifrSm r[kwfbl;? oifhawmfovkd ta&;,l&vdrfhr,f? ypfbkdUcwfbdkUvdkvm&if ypf&cwf&awmhr,fvkdU awG;rdNyD; t\\\"du&kPf;jzpfrSmudk OD;EktawmfaMumufvmw,f? 'gayrJh 'DudwfprSm bkef;MuD;wcsKdU[m vleJpkawGudk oufouftEkdifusifhwmbJ qdkwJh tcsufukdawG;rdjyefNyD; avQmhay;bkdUqkdwmudk rpOf;pm;Ekdifatmif jzpfaew,f? tJ'gaMumifh bmrS rqHk;jzwfao;bJ t\\\"du&kPf; rjzpfatmif txl;MudK;pm;zkdU oufqkdif&mt&m&dSawGudk nTefMum;NyD; OD;Ek[m y&dwf&Gwf&atmif bk&m;crf;xJ0ifoGm;w,f?","tJ'DnrSm wnvHk; OD;Ekaumif;aumif;tdyfvkdU r&bl;? 'kwd,urmppfrjzpfcifu a&TzDa&;wJh pmtkyfwtkyfaMumifh Ak'f\\\"bmom-rlqvif t\\\"du&kPf;jzpfcJhwmudk OD;Ekrarhao;bl;? olUrsufpdatmufrSm rlqvifwOD;u bkef;MuD;wyg;udk 'g;eJUckwfwm oljyefowd&w,f? tJ'Dwkef;u ESpfzufpvHk;rSm taotaysmuftawmfrsm;w,fqdkwmudkvnf; olrSwfrdaew,f? tcktcg t\\\"du&kPf;jzpf&if a&TzDt\\\"du&kPf;xufydkqdk;r,fqkdwmudkvnf; OD;EkawG;rdw,f? NrdKU0efrif;apmifrrS axmifus&w,fqdkwJhpum;vkd 0efMuD;csKyf apmifrcgrS rlqvifawGaoG;xGufoH,kd jzpf&w,fqkdwJhpum;[m O'gef;wGifNyD; usef&pfrSmudkvnf; OD;Ektrsm;BuD; pdk;&drfaew,f? tJ'gaMumifh trdefUudk jyef&kyfodrf;r,f? &[ef;ukd,fpm;vS,fawGawmif;qdkcsufudk vufcHr,fvdkU OD;Ek[m a&'D,kdu ausnmNyD; tnHhcHvdkuf&w,f? (7) oltifrwef pdwf0ifpm;aewJh Ak'f\\\"bmomudk EdkifiHawmfbmom vkyfwJhtcgrSmawmif tjcm; bmom0ifawGudk 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m rarhbl;? vTwfawmfxJrSm olUudkaxmufcHwJh trwfOD;a&[m oHk;yHkESpfyHkausmfaew,f? twkduftcHtrwfawGxJrSmawmif vlrsm;pk[m Ak'f\\\"bmomukd EkdifiHawmfbmom vkyfwJh Oya'Murf;udk axmufcHr,f? tJ'Dawmh 'DAk'f\\\"bmomudk EkdifiHawmfbmomvkyfwJh Oya'Murf;[m vG,fvG,fav;eJU Oya'jzpfvmEdkifw,f? 'gayrJh vleJpk&JU qef'udk tpOfav;pm;vdkwJh OD;Ek[m 'DOya'udk vG,fvG,frvkyfvkdufbl;? a&S;OD;pGm pHkprf;a&;tzGJUwckudk zGJUpnf;ay;w,f? tJ'DtzGJU[m wEdkifiHvHk;udk vSnfhNyD; bmomtoD;oD;u acgif;aqmifawG&JU oabmxm;udk pHkprf;&w,f tJ'Dvkd vSnfhNyD;pHkprf;wJhtcg ucsifjynfe,f&JUjrdKUawmf jrpfMuD;em;NrdKUrSmbJ c&pf,mef wcsKdUu tMurf;zufNyD; qef'jy wm udk pHkprf;a&;tzGJU0ifawGawGUcJh&w,f? wjcm;ae&mtm;vHk;rSm pHkprf;a&;[m at;at;csrf;csrf; NyD;oGm;w,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek udk,fwkdifvnf; rlqvif? c&pf,mef? [dELacgif;aqmifawGeJU &efukefrSmawGUw,f? uefUuGufolrsm;u Ak'f\\\"bmomudk EdkifiHawmfbmomrvkyfygeJUvdkUom uefUuGufMuw,f? Ak'f\\\"bmomudk EdkifiHawmfbmomvkyfrJh Oya'Murf;xJrSm olwkdU&JUtcGifhta&;awGudk xdckdufepfemaprJh tcsufawG rygwJhtwGuf b,folurS Oya'Murf;udk ruefUuGufMubl;? Oya'Murf;xJrSm 'Dvkd xdckdufepfemapEkdifwJh tcsufawGudk xnfhvkdUr&bl;? zGJUpnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'&JU yk'fr (21)yk'fri,f (3)rSm EkdifiHawmfonf bmoma&;qkdif&m udk;uG,frIudkaomfvnf;aumif;? ,HkMunfrIudkaomfvnf;aumif;? taMumif;jyK a&GU rnfolUudkrQ oufqkdif&m tcGifhta&; csKdUiJhapjcif;? cGJjcm;jcif;udk rjyK&vdkU twdtvif; azmfjyxm;w,f?","oltifrwefvkdcsifaewJh trsKd;om;pnf;vHk;nDnGwfa&; tkwfjrpfudk wnfaqmufwJhae&mrSm tckajymcJhwJh yk'fr (21) yk'fri,f (3)rSmazmfjyxm;wJh tajccH Oya'udkvnf; tkyfcsyfwcsyftjzpfeJU toHk;jyK&rSmjzpfwJhtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek[m 'DtajccHOya'udk b,fenf;eJUrS jyifypfrSmr[kwfbl;? Oya'Murf;xJrSm 'Dvkd xdckdufepfemapEdkifwJh tcsufawG ryg&kHomru ESpfpOfESpfwdkif; tpdk;&u xkwfay;rJh bmoma&;axmufyHhaMu;aiGudk vlOD;a&tvkduf cGJa0ay;&r,fvkdUawmif azmfjyxm;w,f? tJ'gaMumifh Oya'Murf;udk b,folurS ruefUuGufMuwmygbJ? tckvdk bmoma&;acgif;aqmifrsm;eJU aqG;aEG;Mu&if; c&pf,mefacgif;aqmifwcsKdUu tajccH Oya' yk'fr (20)rSm rdrdwkdU ,HkMunf&mbmomudk vGwfvyfpGm,lqEkdifcGifh? vGwfvyfpGm udk;uG,fEdkifcGifhawGudkom azmfjyxm;wmawG@&w,f? vGwfvyfpGma[majymEkdifcGifhudk azmfjyxm;wm rawGU&bl;? tJ'DvGwfvyfpGma[majymEkdifcGifhudkvnf; tajccHOya' yk'fr (20)xJrSm xnfhay;ygvdkU awmif;qdkMuw,f? tajccHOya' yk'fr 17(u)rSm rdrdwkdU ,HkMunfcsuf? xifjrifcsufwkdUudk EkdifiHom;rsm;onf vGyfvyfpGm xkwfazmfajymqkdEdkif&rnfhvkdU twdtvif;azmfjyxm;w,f? 'D[meJUbJ vHkavmufygNyD? 'gayrJh c&pf,mefacgif;aqmifrsm;u av;av;eufeuf awmif;qdkwJhtwGuf olwkdU&JU tvkdudk vkdufavsmwJhtaeeJU olwkdUvdkcsifwJhtwkdif; tajccHOya' yk'fr (20)rSm vGwfvyfpGma[majymcGifhudk xnfhay;r,fvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Eku uwd?yvkdufw,f? 'DvkduwdjyKvdkufwJhowif;[m owif;pmawGxJrSm ygvmwJhtcg &[ef;awmfawG tawmftHkMuGvmw,f? 'Dudk,fawmfawGu usif;yaeqJ vTwfawmfrSm tJ'Djyifqifcsufudk rwifoGif;&bl;? pHkprf;a&;aumfr&Sif wckudkcefUNyD; 'DjyifqifcsufwifoGif;oifh-roifhqdkwmudk pHk;prf;&r,fvkdUawmif;qkdw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ekuvnf; Ak'f\\\"bmomudk EkdifiHawmfbmomvkyfwJh Oya'Murf;udk usif;yqJvTwfawmfrSm twnfjyKNyD; OD;Ekrzsufcsifbl;? tJ'gaMumifh 'Djyifqifcsufudk vTwfawmfrSm wifoGif;wJhtcg &[ef;awmfawG qef'jyMuw,f? udk,fawmfawG&JU tpDtpOfawGxJrSm trwfawG vTwfawmfrwufEkdifatmif oydwfwm;rJh tpDtpOfygaewJhtwGuf 'Djyifqifcsufudk wifoGif;wJhaeUrSm vTwfawmfESifh rdkif0ufavmuftwGif;udk &[ef;awmfawG rvmEdkifatmif tapmifhta&SmufawG txyfxyf csxm;&w,f? 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ekawmif tJ'DaeUu bkef;MuD;awG rodatmif vQKdU0SufNyD; vTwfawmfudk vm&w,f? jyifqifcsufudk twnfjyKNyD; oHk;&ufavmufMumwJhtcg ucsifjynfe,f","OufuXa[mif; 'l;0g;aZmfvGef;[m 0efMuD;csKyfeJUvmawGUw,f? Ak'f\\\"bmomudk EkdifiHawmfbmom vkyfwkef;u raMueyfvdkU uRefawmfwkdU vTwfawmftjyifrSma&m twGif;rSma&m tjyif;txef uefUuGufcJhwm 0efMuD;csKyftodbJ? tckjyifqifcsufudk twnfjyKay;wJhtwGuf 'DraMueyfrIawG[m r&dSawmhbl;? 0rf;omygw,f 'l;0g;aZmfvGef;? rMumcif jrpfMuD;em;rSm c&pf,mef nDvmcH wckvkyfzkdU uRefawmfwkdU qHk;jzwfvkdufw,f? tJ'DnDvmcHrSm Ak'f\\\"bmomudk EkdifiHawmfbmomvkyfwJhtwGuf c&pf,mefawGtzkdU aMumufp&mr&dSbl;? bmoma&;jyifqifcsuf[m uRefawmfwkdU c&pf,mefawGtwGuf tifrwefckdifvHkwJhtumtuG,f jzpfw,fqdkwJhtcsufawGudk uRefawmf&Sif;jyr,f? aemufNyD;awmh 'Djyifqifcsufudk uRefawmfwkdUc&pf,mefawG axmufcHwJhtaMumif; qHk;jzwfcsufcsr,f? aumif;ygw,f? tJ'Dbmoma&;nDvmcHudk 0efMuD;csKyfwufEkdifrvm;? wufEkdifygw,f? tJ'DnDvmcHwufzkdUtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyf jrpfMuD;em;udk a&mufvmwJhtcg a&S;OD;pGm wyfrif;AdkvfrSL;MuD; vGef;wif? c&dkif0efESifh c&kdif&J0efwkdU[m ucsifjynfe,ftajctaeudk &Sif;jyzkdUtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyfeJUawGUMuw,f? Ak'f\\\"bmomudk EdkifiHawmfbmomvkyfwJh tcgwkef;u ucsifc&pf,mefawG tpkd;&udk trsm;MuD;txifvGJaew,f? uRefawmfwkdU b,fvkdrS&Sif;jyvkdUr&bl;? bmoma&;jyifqifcsufudk twnfjyKyD;awmhrS olwkdUaMueyfMuw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfawGUr,fqkd&if ucsif c&pf,mefacgif;aqmifawGudk uRefawmfac:vmygr,f? ac:cJhyg? awGUcsifw,f? ucsifc&pf,mefacgif;aqmifawG a&mufvmwJhtcg Ak'f\\\"bmomudk EdkifiHawmfbmom vkyfwkef;u olwkdUrSm jyif;jyif;xefxefMuD; jzpfay:aewJh trsufa'goawG txifvGJrSm;rIawG oHo,pdwfawG[m uif;pif vGifhaysmufukefMuNyD; tifrwefaMueyfaewm MunfMunfvifvifjzpfaewmawGudk 0efMuD;csKyfawGU&w,f? tcef; (26) 1948 eJU 1949ckESpftwGif; olykef&efawG ywfywfvnf0dkif;aewJh Mum;xJu 0efMuD;csKyf[m olwwfEkdifoavmuf c&D;xGufaewmbJ? a&muf&mt&yfwkdif;rSm jynfolvlxkeJU awGUwJhtcg tpdk;&taeeJU bmawGudk vkyfay;EkdifovJ? bmawG tvdk&dSovJvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfuar;avh&dSw,f? 'Dvkdar;wJh tcgwdkfif;","wjcm;[mawGxuf rlvwef;ausmif;eJU q&m0efudk rysufruGufawmif;avh&dSw,f? tJ'Dvkdawmif;wkdif; 0efMuD;csKyf[m oleJUygvmwJhtwGif;0efudk 'Dawmif;qdkcsufawG rSwf,lcJh? &efukefa&muf&if oufqkdif&m0efMuD;XmeawGqDrSm awmif;ay;vkdufvdkU trdefUay;avh&dSw,f? tJ'Dtcsdefu olykefawG &efaMumifh 0efMuD;csKyfrSm aomuawGodyfrsm;aew,f? tJ'gaMumifh ausmif;eJUq&m0efudk awmif;MuwJholawG[m twGif;0efudk trdefUay;xm;wJhtwdkif; &Muavovm;? r&Mubl;vm;qkdwmudk olrpHkprf;Ekdifbl;? &efukefudk jyefa&mufwmeJU tJ'gawGudkoltukefarhwmbJ? 1950-tpavmufrSm olykef&ef[m tawmfav; at;oGm;NyD? tJ'Dtcsdefola&mufwJhae&mawGrSm 'Drlvwef;ausmif;eJU q&m0efawGudkbJ xyfawmif;MuwmbJ? tJ'DtcgrSmawmh aomuawG eJeJat;oGm;NyDxifyg&JU? &efukefudk jyefa&mufa&mufcsif; ynma&;0efMuD;? olUtwGif;0efeJU nTefMum;a&;0efudk ac:NyD;? e,fawGrSm bmjzpfvkdU rlvwef;ausmif; rzGifhao;ovJvkdU ar;w,f? q&mawGr&dSvkdU rlvwef;ausmif; rzGifhEkdifbl;vkdU ynma&;Xmeuajzw,f? (aus;&Gmtxd wEdkifiHvHk;twGuf rlvwef;ausmif;q&mawG b,favmufvdkrvJ?) (waomif;ausmfvkdr,f?) ('Dq&mawGudkarG;xkwfay;bkdU q&mjzpfoifwef;ausmif;awG? b,favmufzGifhNyD;NyDvJ?) (&efukef? ref;'av;? rdwfxDvm? armfvNrdKif? ykodrfeJU ausmufjzLrSm zGifhNyD;ygNyD?) (q&mjzpfatmif b,fESpfESpf oif&ovJ?) (wESpf) (tJ'Dausmif;awGu wESpfudk rlvwef;ausmif;q&mawG b,favmuf&rvJ?) (waxmifausmfavmuf &p&m taMumif;&dSygw,f?) ('Dvdkqdk&if rlvwef;ausmif;q&m waomif;avmuf &bkdU (10)ESpfapmifh&rSmbJ odyfMumw,f? 'DtpDtpOfudk uRefawmfrMudKufbl;? q&mjzpfoifwef;ausmif;awG ESpfq oHk;qwkd;NyD; zGifhray;Ekdifbl;vm;? vkdoavmufaiGudk uRefawmfxkwfay;r,f?) ('Dausmif;awGrSm q&mvkyfbdkU vlr&dSbl;?) ('Dq&m waomif;ausmfudk jrefjrefvkdcsifw,f? wenf;r[kwf aemufwenf;eJU&atmif MudK;pm;ay;yg? uRefawmfuawmh cifAsm;wkdUvkd ynma&;yg&*l r[kwfbl;? 'Djy?emudk ajz&Sif;wJhae&mrSm uRefawmfhtaeeJUuawmh vkdwJhaiGeJU tmPmudk xkwfay;&kHbJ wwfEdkifr,f? cifAsm;wkdU MudK;pm;ygtHk;? vG,fvG,feJUavQmhray;vdkufygeJU)","([kwfuJh MuKd;pm;ygr,f) usef;rma&;0efMuD;? twGif;0efeJU nTefMum;a&;0efawGudk awGUwJhtcgrSmvnf; 0efMuD;csKyfu bmjzpfvkdU e,faq;&kHawGudk q&m0efawG rykdUao;ovJvkdU ar;w,f? q&m0efawGr&dSvdkU 'Dyk*dKvfawGuajzw,f? (wEdkifiHvHk;twGuf q&m0efawG b,favmufvdkrvJ) (tckavmavmq,ftwGuf q&m0ef oHk;&mavmufvkdr,f) (aq;aumvdyfu wESpfrSm q&m0efb,favmufxGufovJ) (av;q,favmufxGufw,f) (0efMuD;csKyf[moufjyif;csvkdufw,f) aq;aumvdyfu q&m0efawG xkwfay;EdkifwJhtxd apmifhraeEdkifbl;? tdEd,eJU ygupfpwefu q&m0efawGudk csufjcif;oGm;iSm;acs? q&m0efawGr&dSbJ aq;&kHawG[m a[mif;avmif;MuD;jzpfaewm usufoa&r&dSbl;? q&m0efawGudk tdEd,eJUygupfpwefu cyfjrefjrefiSm;NyD; e,fawGudk csufjcif;ydkUvkdufyg? ([kwfuJh) (aq;aumvdyftopfwck aemufxyf zGifhray;Ekdifbl;vm;) (oufqdkif&myk*dKvfawGeJU wkdifyifNyD; taMumif;jyefyghr,f) (q,fwef;atmifNyD;&if q&m0efjzpfatmif b,fESpfESpfoif&ovJ) (7-ESpf) (rsm;w,f? (5)ESpftxdavQmhcsvdkU r&bl;vm;) (oufqkd&myk*dKvfawGeJU wkdifyifNyD; taMumif;jyefyghr,f) aemuf&ufteJi,fMumwJhtcg ref;'av;rSm aq;aumvdyf wausmif;zGifhEkdifr,fvkdU oufqdkif&mwkdUu taMumif;jyefw,f? (7)ESpfu (5)ESpftxdavQmhcsbdkU udwfprSmawmh q&m0efMuD;awG jyif;jyif;xefxefuefUuGufMuw,f? q&m0eftwwfudk ig;ESpfxJoifvmwJh q&m0efwa,muf[m vlrrmawGudk trsm;MuD; owfypfvdrfhr,fvkdU tJ'Dq&m0efMuD;awGu taMumif;jyMuw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ekvnf; avQmhray;bl;? 'Dudwfpudk jyefNyD;pOf;pm;ygtHk;vkdY q&m0efMuD;awGudk arwm&yfcHw,f? 'kwd,tMudrfrSmawmh q&m0efMuD;awGu 0efMuD;csKyf&JUtvkdudkvdkufavQmwJhtaeeJU (8)wef;? (9)wef;? (10)wef;rSm olwkdUjyXmef;wJh aq;ynmawGudk tpdk;&uoifMum;ay;bkdU wm0ef,l&if (7)ESpfu (6)ESpftxd wESpfavQmhay;r,fvkdU tqkdjyKMuw,f? 'Dtqkdudk 0efMuD;csKyfvufcHvdkufw,f? tJ'Daemuf olwdkUajymwJhtwkdif; oifay;wJhtjyif pmoifausmif;awGrSm q&m0efavmif;uav;awGtwGuf pwkdifyifawG wkd;ay;vdkufw,f?","OD;Ek[m'DavmufeJU raMueyfao;bl;? aq;aumvdyfawGu atmifvmwJh trfbDbDtufpfq&m0efawG[m NrdKUawGrSmbJaeMurSmbJ? NrdKUawGrSm q&m0efawGaygvmNyD; olwkdUtwGuf tvkyfvkyfp&m r&dSawmhrS 'Dq&m0efawG[m &GmawGudkoGm;MurSm? tJ'DvdktajctaersKd;jzpfay:vmatmif ESpfaygif; (20)avmufapmifh&r,f? 'DavmufMumatmifOD;Ek rapmifhcsifbl;? aus;&GmawGu &Gmol&Gmom;awG[m odyfoem;p&maumif;w,f? wcsKdUuaeraumif;&if MuufowfNyD; ,ZfewfylaZmfMuw,f? wcsKdUu aA'ifar;NyD; ,MwmacsMuw,f? wcsKdUusawmh jrefrmaq;ynmudk ususee oifxm;wmr[kwfbJ aq;rD;wkd av;ig;vufeJU aq;q&mvkyfaewJh wwfa,mifum;awG vufwJhprf;wmudk cHaeMu&w,f? &GmxJrSm yvdyfa&m*g? 0rf;a&m*g?ausmufa&m*gqdkwJh a&m*gqdk;awGjzpf&if &GmxJudk bDvl;awG0ifw,fqkdNyD; awmxkwfMuw,f? awmxkwfw,fqdkwm wjcm;r[kwfbl;? bDvl;awGaMumufNyD; &GmxJuxGufajy;atmif oHykef;wdkU oHjym;wkdUudk qlqlnHnHwD;MuwmygbJ? tJ'D&Gmol&Gmom;awGudk olwkdU&JU vuf&dSb0u u,fwifay;bkdUtwGuf 'Daus;&GmawGudk jzpfEdkif&if trfbDbDtufpf q&m0efawG ydkUay;csifw,f? rjzpfEkdif&if q&m0efr&dSbl;qdkNyD; vufydkufMunfh raecsifbl;? acwfrDS usef;rma&; A[kokweJU vufawGUusef;rma&;ynm teJtusOf;&dSwJh yk*dKvfawGudk ydkUay;csifw,f? tJ'Dvkd yk*dKvfrsKd;awG&atmif v,fvdkvkyf&yghrvJ qdkwmudk pOf;pm;wJhtc g 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m &Sr;fjynfajrmufydkif; erfhcrf;NrdKUrSm aq;&kHwckzGifhxm;wJh tar&duef q&m0ef qD;*a&Uudk oGm;owd&w,f? olUrSm a,musFm;aq;rSL;awG? rdef;raq;rSL;awG trsm;MuD;&dSw,f? tJ'Daq;rSL;awG[m aq;&kHvmwJh twGif;vlem tjyif vlemawGudkvnf; aq;ukoay;w,f? &yfa0;rSm&dSwJh aus;&GmawGudkac:&ifvnf; vdkufukoay;w,f? olwkd[m ESmap;? acsmif;qdk;? tat;rd? iSufzsm;? 0rf;azm0rf;a,mif? 0rf;udkuf tp&dSwJh a&m*gtao;tzGJav;awGudk acwfrSDaq;awGeJU ukoay;Edkifw,f? tao;tzGJ tzktusdwfudk cGJpdwfay;Edkifw,f? tom;wGif;udk xdk;ay;Edkifw,f? udk,f0efawmif rdef;rawGudk rD;zGm;ay;Ekdifw,f? MuD;us,fwJh a&m*gqdk&if a'gufwmqD;*a&UeJU vufaxmuf q&m0efawGukobdkUtwGuf aq;&kHudk olwkdUac:vmw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m 'DtaMumif;awGudk Mum;&wmMumNyD? tifrwef oabmusaewJhtwGuf wkdifyif&atmif &efukefudk cPvmygvdkU 0efMuD;csKyfu a'gufwmqD;*a&Uudk rSmvdkufw,f? a'gufwmqD;*a&U a&mufvmwJhtcg 'Daq;rSL;rsKd;awGudk olvkdcsifw,f? aq;rSL;wa,mufjzpfatmif tMumqHk;b,favmuftxd oifay;&rvJvkdU OD;Ekuar;w,f?","tvGefqHk;ajcmufvtwGif; jzpfEkdifw,fvkdU a'gufwmqD;*a&Uuajzw,f? ynmt&nftcsif; teJqHk;b,favmufvkdrvJvdkU OD;Ekuqufar;wJhtcg odyfrvdkygbl;? a&;wwf&ifvHkavmufNyD? wcsKdUusawmh pmroifzl;bl;? nmPf&dSw,f? 'DvkdrsKd;awGusawmh pmrwwf&ifaeygap? jzpfatmifoifay;Ekdifw,fvkdU a'gufwmqD;*a&Uu ajzw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfvnf; 'DpDrHudef;udk oabmuswmaMumifh olUq&m0efawGeJU a'gufwmqD;*a&Uudk qHkay;vkdufw,f? olUq&m0efMuD;awGu a'gufwmqD;*a&U&JU pDrHudef;udk vufrcHbl;? vlrrmawGudk 'Daq;rSL;awG trsm;MuD;owfypfvdrfhr,fvdkU a&S;wHk;uvdkbJ ajzMuwmbJ? a'gufwmqD;*a&U&JU pDrHudef;udk y,fypfvkdufwJhtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m pdwfraumif;bl;? 'gayrJh olem;rvnfwJhudwfprSm olUq&m0efMuD;awG oabmrwlbJ ol ZGwfw&Gwf rvkyf&Jbl;? tJ'gaMumifh uJ-a'gufwmwkdU bmrSvkyfray;bJ &Gmol&Gmom;awG&JU 'kufcudk vufydkufMunfhaewmawmh raumif;bl;? a'gufwmqD;*a&U&JU pDrHudef;udk cifAsm;wkdU rMudKuf&if cifAsm;wkdUMudKufwJh pDrHudef;udk wifyg? &Gmol&Gmom;awGudk usef;rma&;eJU ywfoufNyD; wenf;enf;eJU ulnDEkdifrJhvlawGudk cyfjrefjrefydkUay;csifw,fvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfajymvkdufw,f? jy?emwckay:vm&if 'Djy?emudk vufydkufMunfhaewm 0efMuD;csKyf rMudKufbl;? olUrSm b,fvkd0goem&dSw,fqkdwm xif&Sm;atmif om\\\"uav;(2)ckudk 'Dae&mrSm eJeJavmufazmfjycsifw,f? ol oHk;cGrSm q&mvkyfaewkef;u aeUvnfpmpm;bdkU tdrfjyefvmwJhtcg vlwa,muf[m aps;&JU vlpnfum;wJh ae&mem;rSm xkdifNyD;ao;aygufaew,f? 'Dvl[m wkefwkef&D&DjzpfaewJhtwGuf olUudkMunfh&wm t&ufrl;aeovdkbJ? tJ'gaMumifh a[haumif bmvkyfaewmvJvkdU q&mEku vSrf;aigufvkdufNyD; uefbdkUtwGuf olUtem;udk uyfoGm;w,f? uRefawmfvlrrmyg? qD;csKdqD;vGefjzpfaeygw,f? qD;oGm;csif&if tckvdkbJ atmifhxm;vkdUr&bl;vkdU tJ'Dvlu jyefajzwJhtcgusawmhrS q&mEk[m 'DvlUudk odyfoem;oGm;w,f? olaigufrdwJhtwGuf awmif;yefNyD; aq;&kHudk oludk,fwkdifvkdufydkUw,f? aq;&kHrSm q&m0efawGeJU awGUNyD; 'Dvlrrmudk tpGrf;ukefukyg? aq;bdk;0g;c ukefusoa&GU olay;ygr,fvkdU q&mEku q&m0efudk ajymw,f? 'Dvludk ukvdkUr&awmhbl;? olUa&m8g[m odyfuRrf;aeNyD? rMumcifaorSmbJ tJ'gaMumifh olUudkvmac:MubdkU olUaqGrsKd;awGudkawmif uRefawmftaMumif;Mum;NyD;NyDvkdU q&m0efuajzw,f? q&mEk[m olUtdrfudkjyefvm&if; 'DvlrrmtaMumif;udk pOf;pm;vmw,f? 'Dvl[m","rMumcifaor,fqdkvnf; aoEkdifwmbJ? wudk,fvHk;rSm t&kd;eJUoa&bJusefawmhw,f? tom;awGuvnf; jzLzwfjzLa&mfjzpfNyD; vrf;awmifaumif;aumif; ravQmufEkdifawmhbl;vkdU pOf;pm;aewkef; taemufEkdifiHrSm qD;csKdqD;vGefa&m*gukzkdUtwGuf aq;ray:ao;bl;? qD;csKdqD;vGefjzpf&if Armaq;eJUbJ uk&rSmvkdU aumvdyfausmif;rSmwkef;u olYoli,fcsif;wa,mufajymwmudk olajy;NyD; owd&w,f? tJ'gaMumifh vlrrm&JU aqGrsKd;awG[m vlrrmudkjyefac:bkdU a&mufvmwJhtcg 'DvlrMumcifaorSmbJvkdU ajymNyD; q&m0efwm;wmawmifr&bl;? 'Dvlrrmudk Armaq;eJU ukMunfhyg&apvkdU aqGrsKd;awGudk arwm&yfcHNyD; vlrrmudk olUtdrfac:vmcJhw,f? tdrfudk a&mufwmeJU wjydKifeuf vlrrm[m aygifrkefUeJU oMum;pm;csifw,fvdkU awmif;w,f? oMum;eJU rwJhbl;vkdU q&mEkuajymw,f? 'Dvlrrm[m wjcm;bmudkrS rpm;yg&apeJU 'DaygifrkefUeJU oMum;udkbJpm;yg&ap? 'gudk rpm;&&ifolaoygvdrfhr,fqdkwmeJU q&mEk[m 'Dvlrrmudk aygifrkefUeJUoMum;csufcsif;auR;&w,f? trSeftwdkif; ajym&&if aps;em;rSm ao;aygufaewJhaeUwkef;u 'Dvlrrm[m aygifrkefUeJU oMum;udk pm;csifvGef;wJhtwGuf aq;&kHu wdwfwdwfckd;xGufvmwm q&mEkeJUawGUwJhtcg 'Dvl[m aps;xJrSm aygifrkefUeJUoMum;udk w0MuD; pm;NyD;aeNyD? q&mEk[m owif;pmawGxJrSm qD;csKdqD;vGeftwGuf aMumfjimxm;wJh jrefrmaq;awGudk 0,fNyD; 'DvlrrmudkauR;w,f? 'Daq;awGeJU roufomwJhtcg vufydkufMunfhraebl;? oHk;cGNrdKUxJrSm vkdufNyD; pHkprf;w,f? qD;csKdqD;vGeftwGuf aq;rD;wkd wckckudk&&if 'Daq;udk y&aq;qkdifrSmcsufcsif;azmfNyD; olUvlrrmudkwkdufw,f? vlrrmroufomyHkay:&if aemufaq;rD;wdkwckudk&SmNyD; t&ifuvdkbJwkdufjyefw,f? 'DvkdpHkprf;&if;aemufoHk;vMumwJhtcg aq;rD;wkdESpfckudk xl;xl;qef;qef;oGm;awGw,f? wcku oHk;cGNrdKUtkwfuH0 jrefrmausmif;q&mMuD; OD;bdkvdyfqDu&w,f? 'Daq;[m qD;csKdqD;vGefeJU wkduf&dkufqkdifwJhaq;r[kwfbl;? rsufpda&m*gtwGuf aq;jzpfw,f? omrefrsufpda&m*gudk rqdkxm;eJU wdrfudkawmifaysmufatmifwwfEdkifw,f? 'Daq;udk rsufpdtwGif;aq;vkdU ac:w,f? qD;a&m*gaMumifhvnf; rsufpda&m*gjzpfEkdifw,f? tJ'Dawmh rsufpda&m*gaysmufw,fqdk&if qD;a&m*gvnf; aysmufEdkif&r,fvdkUq&mMuD; OD;bkdvdyfu &Sif;jywmaMumifh q&mEk[m olUvlrrmudk tJ'DrsufpdtwGif; aq;auR;w,f? aemufoHk;&ufMumwJhtcg q&mEk&JUtaz OD;pHxGef;[m oHk;cGudk tvnfa&mufvmw,f? qD;csKdqD;vGef[m tykikwfNyD;jzpfwJha&m*gbJ? udk,fwGif;rSm tylpifatmifvkyfEkdif&if 'Da&m*gaysmufr,fqdkNyD;","tylpifapwJhaq;rD;wkdwck olUom;q&mEkudkay;w,f? 'Daq;rSm aq;tr,f (6)rsKd;&dSwJhtwGuf ajcmufyg;aq;vkdUac:w,f? q&mEk[m tJ'Daq;udkvJ csufcsif;azmfNyD; tJ'Daq;udk reuftdyf,mx rsufpdtwGif;aq;udk ntdyf,m0if olUvlrrmukdrSefrSefwdkufw,f? q,f&ufavmuf<umwJh tcgrSm 'DvlrrmrSm a&S;urjzpfpzl; xl;xl;jcm;jcm; wudk,fvHk;ylvmw,f? tJ'gaMumifh 'Dvlrrm[m a&cPcPcsKd;w,f? oHk;&ufavmufMumwJhtcg olUa&m*g[m tawmfoufomvmw,f? xrif;eJU[if;udk olrsm;awGvdk pm;Edkifvmw,f? q&mEk arwm&yfcHvkdU aygifrkefUeJU oMum;pm;wmudkvnf; jzwfypfvkdufw,f? aEG&moD ausmif;ydwfvdkU q&mEk yef;waemfudk jyefwJhtcg 'Dvlrrmudk olUaqGrsKd;awG vmac:oGm;w,f? aemufESpfvMumvkdU ausmif;jyefzGifhwJhtcg 'Dvlrrm[m q&mEkqDudk wacgufvmNyD; q&ma& uRefawmfraobl;vkdU EIwfqufEkdifao;w,f? aemuf om\\\"uwckuvnf; oHk;cGrSm OD;Ek q&mvkyfaewkef; jzpfwmbJ? q&mEktdrf[m aq;&kHeJU *dkufw&mavmufa0;w,f? wnaerSm q&mEk ausmif;ujyefvmwJhtcg aq;&kHrSm vlawGtawmfrsm;rsm; tHkaewmudk awGU&w,f? oli,fwa,mufudkvTwfNyD; pkHprf;ckdif;w,f? rdef;rwa,mufrsufESmjrifwJhtcg cav;[m xHk;pHtwkdif; acgif;urjrifbJ ajcaxmufujrifwJhtwGuf cav;[m tukefxGufrvmbJ wydkif;wpeJU wpfqdkUMuD; jzpfaew,fqkdwm q&mEkod&w,f? q&mEkaq;&kHudk vkdufoGm;wJhtcg tJ'Drdef;r[m tcef;uav;wckxJrSm tcef;eH&Hudk olUvufESpfzufeJU ezl;eJU rwfwyf&yfrDSNyD; emvGef;vkdUatmf[pfaewmudkawGU&w,f? 'Drdef;rudk bmrStultnDray;bJ vlawG[m 0dkif;tHk;NyD; vufydkufMunfhaewmudk q&mEk rMudKufbl;? odyfpdwfqkd;w,f? tJ'gaMumifh q&m0ef[m 'Dvlrrmudk bmrSvkyfray;bl;vm;vkdU q&mEkuar;w,f? q&m0efr&dSbl;? trIwckrSm oufaocH&atmif &efukefudkvdkufoGm;w,fvkdU q&mrwa,mufuajzw,f? 'Dvkdqkd&if q&mrawGuaum bmrSrvkyfwwfbl;vm;? wckckvkyfyg? bmrSrvkyfbJ 'DvkdvufydkufMunfhaewmawmh raumif;bl;vdkU q&mEku tjypfwifwJhtcg q&mrawGu 'dvkdudwfprsKd;rSm olwkdUbmrSrwwfEdkifbl;vkdU ajzw,f? tJ'Dtcg NrKdUxJu vufo,fav;ig;a,mufudkac:NyD; AdkufudkESdyfcsay;&if cav;xGufvmvdrfhr,fxifw,fvkdU q&mEku tMuHay;w,f? q&m0efr&dSwkef; 'grsKd;awGudk olwkdU rvkyf&Jbl;vkdU q&mrawGu ajzjyefw,f? tJ'Daemuf q&mrwa,mufu AdkufxJrSm cav;aoaeygNyD? raeUnxJu 'Drdef;r'DvkdjzpfaewmvdkU 0ifNyD;ajymw,f? cav;awmhaoaeygNyD? 'gayrJh","vlMuD;&Sifatmif vkyfay;&r,fvdkU q&mEku qufNyD;ajymwJhtcg 'Dvkdqkd&ifoHvsifu bDtkdpDaq;&kHudk ydkUay;vdkufyg? [dkrSm q&m0efaumif;awG trsm;MuD;&dSw,fvkdU tMuHay;w,f? 'DtMuHudk q&mEkMudKufw,f? tJ'gaMumifh vlrrmudkydkUbkdUtwGuf armfawmfum;wpif;udk iSm;&atmif NrdUxJudk q&mEkxGufvmw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm oHk;cGeJU oHvsifajy;aewJh armfawmfum;awG oHvsifujyefvmNyD; um;odrf;wJhtcsdefjzpfaew,f? aemufNyD;awmhoHvsif[m rdkif (30)avmufa0;w,f? vrf;uvJcsKdifhawGjzpfNyD; odyfMurf;w,f? tJ'gaMumifh q&mEku b,fuum;udkrS iSm;vkdUr&bl;? aemufqHk;rSm q&mEk[m olUtdrfem;u bwfpfum;ykdif&Sif wa,mufqDudkoGm;NyD; 'Drdef;r[m tifrwef'kufca&mufaewJhtwGuf oem;bdkUaumif;ygw,fqkdwmukd trsKd;rsKd;&Sif;jyw,f? olUbwfpfum;[m tiSm;vkdufr,fqdk&if olawmif;oavmufay;ygr,fvkdUvJ uwday;w,f? 'Dum;ukdiSm;vkdU&wJhtcg q&mEkudk,fwkdif tJ'DtrsKd;orD;udk bwfpfum;ay:0kdif;wifay;w,f? rxkdifEkdifwJhtwGuf bwfpfum;&JU Murf;jyifay:rSm tomvSJxm;&w,f? bwfpfum;xGufcgeD;rSm q&mEk[m '&kdifbmtem;ukduyfNyD; vlrrmu jrefjrefarmif;ygqdk&if jrefjrefarmif;ay;yg? jrefjrefarmif;wmudk rcHEkdifbl;qdk&if aES;aES;armif;ay;ygvdkU txyfxyfrSmvdkufw,f? n(10)em&D avmuf&dSwJhtcg vlrrmtrsKd;orD;&JU a,musFm;[m q&mEktdrfudka&mufvmNyD; q&ma& cav;arG;NyD? uRefawmfrdef;rvnf; oufomoGm;NyD;vkdU taMumif;Mum;w,f? oHvsifaq;&kHq&m0efawG awmfawmf *&kpkduf&JUvm;vkdU q&mEkuar;wJhtcg uRefawmfwkdU aq;&kHudkawmif ra&mufcJhbl;? vrf;rSm bwfpfum;aqmifhwmeJU oHvsifNrKdUt0ifrSm cav;[m tarh0rf;xJu olUtvdkvdkxGufvmw,fvdkU tJ'Dvlu 0rf;omtm;&eJU q&mEku ajymjyw,f? jy?emwckckay:vm&if vufydkufMunfhraebJ tckvdk wckr[kwf wckckudk vkyfay;&rS auseyfavh&dSwJh 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m usef;rma&;0efMuD;eJU olUXmeu tMuD;tuJawGudk rMumcif jyefcsdef;NyD; aus;&Gmusef;rma&;jyoemudk aqG;aEG;Mujyefw,f? tJ'DaqG;aEG;yGJrSmawmh tawmftqifajyw,f? (1) olwkdUjyXmef;ay;wJh pm&if;xJrSmygwJh a&m*gawGudkomukor,f? wjcm;a&m*gawGudk rukoygbl;qdk&if? (2) 'Dyk*dKvfawG atmifvmwJhtcg a'gufwmvdkUrc:bJ aq;rSL; (Health Assistants) awGvdkUomac:r,fqdk7if? (3) aq;rSL;awGudk oifMum;wJhESpf[m teJqHk; ESpfESpfxm;r,fqdk&if? (4) 'Daq;rSL;awG&JU ynmt&nftcsif;[m teJqHk; (10)wef;atmif&r,fvkdU owfrSwfay;&if? aq;rSL;oifwef;zGifhay;bdkU olwkdU oabmwlr,fvkdU usef;rma&;XmetaMuD;tuJawGu tqdk?yMuw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m tqdk(1)","(2) (3)eJU (4)udkcsufcsif;vufcHw,f? ESpftydkif;tjcm;qdkwJh tqkd (3)usawmh? ESpfESpfrsm;w,f? wESpfcGJtxd avQmhay;bdkU usef;rma&;XmetMuD;tuJawGudk OD;Ekarwm&yfcHw,f? usef;rma&;Xme tMuD;tuJawGu avQmhay;w,fxifw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek aumif;aumif; rrSwfrdawmhygbl;? tJ'Daemuf 'Daq;rSL;awG[m ESpfaygif;tawmfMumvmvdkU usifhom;&vm&if vpmrysufbJ olwkdU aq;aumvdyf wufEdkifatmif pDpOfay;vkdufygvdkU 0efMuD;csKyfu XmetMuD;tuJawGudk xyfqifh arwm&yfcHvdkufjyefao;w,f? tdEd,eJU ygupfpwefu q&m0efawG &oGm;MuwJhtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyf c&D;xGufwJhtcg e,fuvlawG[m q&m0efudk rawmif;Muawmhygbl;? 'gayrJh rlvwef;ausmif;udk awmif;MuwmawGuawmh a&S;xufydkvmw,f? aeUwaeUrSm 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek[m NrJKdUwNrKdU&JUAdkvfwJrSm wa,mufwnf;xkdifNyD; rlvwef;ausmif; q&mwaomif;ausmf&&dSa&; jy?emudk pOf;pm;aewkefjAKef;ueJ tMuHwck&wmeJU odyf0rf;omoGm;w,f? &efukefudk jyefa&mufwmeJU wNydifeuf 0efMuD;csKyf[m ynma&;0efMuD;eJU ynma&;Xmeu tMud;tuJawGudk csufcsif;ac:vkdufw,f? rlvwef;ausmif;q&m waomif;ausmf&&dSa&;twGuf uRefawmftMuHaumif;wckudk &NyD? [kwfuJh? aEG&moD ausmif;ydwf&uftwGif; NrdUwkdif;rSm rlvwef;q&mjzpf oifwef;awGudk zGifhay;? oifrJht&m&dS r&dSbl;vkdU rvkyfeJU? tJ'DNrKdUrSm&dSwJh ausmif;q&mawGudkbJjyefoHk;yg? 'Doifwef;awGudk (7)wef;atmifNyD;olawGrSom wuf&r,fvkdUvJ wif;rxm;ygeJU? (6)wef;atmifNyD;olawGvnf; wufygap? 'Doifwef;uxGufvmwJh rlvwef;q&mawG[m trSeftwdkif;ajym&&if q&mjzpfoifausmif;awGrSm wESpfoifNyD; xGufvmwJh rlvwef;q&mawGavmufawmh aumif;rSmr[kwfbl;? raumif;csifaeayap? rlvwef; ynmudkroif&bJ cav;awG[m vyf,m;vyf,m;eJU t&yfxJrSm acG;0ifpm;av;awGjzpfaewmudk uRefawmfrMunfhcsifbl;? olwkdUtwGufbmrSrvkyfbJ q&mr&dSbl;qdkNyD; vufydkufMunfhaewmrsKd;udk uRefawmf rvkyfcsifbl;? aEG&moD oifwef;u qif;&mMuwJh ta&;ay: rlvwef;q&mawG[m cav;awGudkteJqHk; uMuD; cacG;ta&;eJUtzwfudkawmh oifay;EkdifrSmbJ? wpfESpfoHk;av; ta&;eJUtzwfudkawmh oifay;EkdifrSmbJ? trsKd;om;oDcsif;qdkwmudkawmh oifay;EkdifrSmbJ? 'Davmufoifay;Ekdif&ifawmfNyD? (2)ESpftwGif; rlvwef;ausmif;q&mwaomif;ausmfudk uRefawmfvdkcsifw,f? ESpftawmfMumvmvkdU usifhom; tawmf&vmwJhtcg 'Dta&;ay:q&mawGudk","vpmrysufbJ rlvwef;q&mjzpfoifausmif;awGudk wufEkdifatmif pDpOfay;vkdufygvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ekuajymjyw,fynma&;XmetMuD;tuJawG[m 'DpDrHudef;udk tpGrf;ukef0dkif;NyD; taumiftxnfazmfay;Muw,f? (2)ESpftwGif; ta&;ay:rlvwef;q&mawG waomif;ausmf&NyD; NrdUrSma&m awmrSmyg rlvwef;ausmif;awG tm;&yg;& zGifhay;EkdifcJhw,f? usef;rma&;eJU ynma&;twGuf oltifrwef pdwf0ifpm;wJh pDrHudef;awG&dSao;w,f? a&S;OD;pGm usef;rma&; pDrHudef;udk ajymjyr,f? (90)&mckdifEIef;avmuf&dSwJh jynfaxmifpkom;awG[m odyfrGJaew,f? tJ'DvlawG[m xrif;pm;wJhtcg xrif;? iydwdkUp&m 'DoHk;rsKd;udkbJ pm;Edkifw,f? tJ'DtxJ olwkdUpm;wJh qef[m pufMudwfqefqdkawmh zGJrusefawmhbJ jzLpifaew,f? aeUpOfolwkdUpm;aewJh 'DtpmawG[m olwdkUtwGuf b,fenf;eJUrS tm[m&rjzpfEkdfifbl;? tm[m&rjzpfwJh tpmawG pm;aeMu&wJh jynfaxmifpkom;awG[m toufwkdw,f? olwkdU&JU cav;awGvnf; arG;prSmodyfNyD; taotaysmufrsm;r,f? tJ'gaMumifh olwkdU&JU usef;rma&;udk *&kpkdufcsif&if q&m0efawG usef;rma&;rSL;awGudk arG;xkwfay;ae&kHeJU rvHkavmufao;bl;? olwkdU[m tm[m&jzpfapEkdifwJhtpm;taomufawGudk pm;aomufEkdifatmifvnf; *&kpkdufay;&tHk;r,fqkdwm OD;Ekaumif;aumif;oabmaygufw,f? 'gayrJh olwkdU&JU pD;yGm;a&;tajctaeudk,fwkdifu tifrwefatmufwef;usaewJhtwGuf 'DpD;yGm;a&;ukd jrifhwifray;Ekdifrcsif; jynfolvlxkMuD; w&yfvHk;t[m&jzpfwJhtpmudk pm;&atmif OD;Ekb,fenf;eJUrS rwwfEkdifbl;? tJ'gaMumifh olwwfEkdifoavmufvkyfr,fqdkNyD; yxrajcvSrf;taeeJU jynfaxmifpkom;awG pufMudwfqefudk rpm;MueJU? pufMudwfqefxJrSm bmt[m&rS rygbl;? armif;axmif;qefudkpm;Mu? armif;axmif;qefxJrSm t[m&jzpfwJhzGJawGygw,fqdkwJh rdefUcGef;wckudk NrdUawmfcef;r vlxktpnf;ta0;wckrSm OD;Ekajymw,f? tJ'Daemuf pufMudwfqef[m pm;oludk b,fvkd Oyg'fjzpfEkdifw,f? armif;axmif;qef[m pm;oludk b,fvkdt[m&jzpfEdkifw,fqkdwJh tcsufawGudk usef;rma&;yg&*lawGu olawoevkyfNyD;a&;ay;&w,f? tJ'gawGudk pmtkyfpmwrf;awG&kdufNyD;? wEdkifiHvHk;OD;EkjzefUcsDay;w,f? olUudk b,forkdi;fq&mu ajymjyvkdufw,frodbl;? vlxktpnf;ta0;wckrSmqkd&if a&S;uArmawG[m armif;axmif;qefudk pm;wJhtwGuf tckacwf cg;csdaewJh ArmawGvkdr[kwfbl;? odyfxGm;MudKif;w,f? tckacwf tkyfcsyfawGxuf ESpfqavmuf ydkav;wJh tkyfcsyfMuD;awGudk rdkifaygif;rsm;pGmu rarmryrf;","wa,mufeJUwa,muf vufqifhurf; o,fvmNyD; bk&m;ykxkd;awGudk wnfEdkifMuw,fvkdUawmif 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek MuHK;0g;cJhzl;w,f? 'gayrJholb,fvkd wkdufwGef;vdkUrSr&ygbl;? pufMudwfqefudk ESpf&Snfvrsm;pm;vmMuwJh vlawGtwGuf armif;axmif;qefudk jyefpm;bkdUqkdwm rjzpfEkdifawmhbl;? armif;axmif;qef[m t[m&awmhjzpfwmrSefbJ? 'gayrJh zGJapmfeHw,f? b,folrSrpm;csifbl;? armif;axmif;qefudkpm;bdkU tMuD;tus,f wkdufwGef;cJhol OD;Ekudk,fwkdif armif;axmif;qefudk cPavmufbJpm;vkdU&w,f? Mum&nfusawmh xrif;yGJrSm zGJeHU&wkdif;? ysKdUysKdUwufvmNyD;? rpm;csifraomufcsif jzpfvmwmeJU armif;axmif;qefudk pGefUvkdufw,f? Mudwfqefudk jyefpm;&w,f? 'gayrJhOD;EkqdkwJhvluawmh 'Dudwfpudk vG,fvG,feJU avQmhray;csifbl;? aemufxyfNyD; 'DvkdpOf;pm;jyefw,f? ADwmrifxJrSmzGJygw,f? wjcm;t[m&jzpfwJh\\\"mwfawGvJygw,f? tJ'Dawmh armif;axmif;qefudk jynfvlvlxk rpm;csifaeayap? olwkdUudk ADwmrifauR;r,f? ADwmrif[m t0ifrqdk;wJhtwGuf vlxkjiif;rSm r[kwfbl;? MudKufrSmbJ? pufwckaxmifNyD; ADwmrifawGudk oef;eJUcsDNyD; vkyfr,f? NyD;awmhrSm jynfolvlxkudk tvum;a0ay;r,fvkdU OD;qHk;jzwfvdkufw,f? tJ'DqHk;jzwfcsufudk taumiftxnfazmfbdkUtwGuf pD;yGm;a&;eJU vlrIa&;tzGJUudk wkdifyif&atmif ac:vkdufw,f? 'DtzGJUu twkdifyifcH t&m&dS rpwm zgeDb,f eJU wjcm;wOD;ESpfOD;udk pufwnfay;EdkifrJh vlawG&Sm&atmif t*FvefudkvTwfvdkufw,f? t'DvlawG&JU tultnDeJU aq;puf&kHwckudk (Burma Phamaceutical Industries) &efukefem;rSmaqmufw,f? 'Daq;puf&kHrSm wjcm;aq;awGudkvnf; vkyfr,f? tJ'Daq;awGu tjrwfxGufvm&if tvum;a0bkdU ADwmrif vkyfwJhtcg p&dwfoufomr,f? 'gayrJh pufwnfNyD;uwnf;u 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m ESpfMudrfwkdifwkdif ppfwyfu tmPmodrf;cH&NyD;? trsm;MuD; 'kufca&mufoGm;w,f? ADwmrifawGudk tvmum;a0ay;bkdUqkdwJh olUpDrHudef;udk taumiftxnfazmfbdkU qdkwmuawmh a0;a&m? 'DpDrHudef;ukd owdawmif r&&Smawmhygbl;? aq;puf&kHudk wnfaqmufbkdUqdkwJh udwfpeJUwqufwnf; trsKd;om;usef;rma&;eJU ywfoufNyD; OD;Ek[m 'Dvkd pOf;pm;rdjyefw,f? vlawGrSm t[m&&dS&kHeJU rvHkavmufao;bl;? usef;rma&;udkvdkcsifwJh vlrsKd;wrsKd;rSm aeUpOfrSefrSef udk,fvufvIyf&Sm;rIvnf; &dS&tHk;r,f? jynfaxmifpkom;awG[m rsm;aomtm;jzifh udk,fvufvIyf&Sm;rI&JU wefzkd;udk em;rvnfMubl;? udk,fvufvIyf&Sm;rI[m usef;rma&;udk taxmuftyHhjzpfapw,fqkdwm vufwqkyfpmavmuf&dSwJh jynfaxmifpkom;awGbJodw,f?","vlrsm;pktaeeJUuawmh 'Dtcsufudk pOf;pm;rdyHkawmif ray:ygbl;? tJ'gaMumifh udk,fvufvIyf&Sm;rIudk tm;ay;wJhtaeeJU 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m trsKd;om; usef;rma&;tzGJU (National Fitness Council) udkzGJUpnf;ay;NyD; wjynfaxmifpkvHk;aus;&GmawGtxd udk,fvufvIyf&Sm;rIawGrSm pdwf!Twfvmatmif vIHUaqmfay;zdkUeJU tm;upm;yGJawGudk wwfEdkiforQ vkyfay;MubkdU 0efMuD;csKyfu wm0eftyfESif;vkdufw,f? usef;rma&;pDrHudef;awGtaMumif;udk tajymNyD;vdkU ynma&;pDrHudef;taMumif;udk 'Dae&mrSm eJeJavmufazmfjycsifw,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m i,fpOfawmifaus; cav;b0upNyD; pmzwfwmrSm 0goemrygvSbl;? tJ'gaMumifh ArmEkdifiHu acgif;aqmifawGrSmqkd&if OD;Ek[m A[kokw tvGefUtvGef acgif;yg;olwOD;jzpfw,f? tcsdef&dSwkef; A[kokwawGudk MudK;pm;yrf;pm; rpkaqmif;cJhrdwm touf(40)em;eD;awmhrS oltMuD;tus,faemifw& aew,f? vlwa,mufrSm awmifhwif;ckdifrmwJh udk,fvuft*Fg&dS&kHeJU rvHkavmufao;bl;? A[kokweJUjynfhpHkwJh OD;aESmuf&dSbkdUvnf; trsm;MuD;vkdw,fqdkwJhpum;udk 0efMuD;csKyfjzpfvmwJhtcsdefrSm wjzpfawmufawmufajymaewm rMumcPMum;&w,f? trSeftwkdif;ajym&&if tckvdk rMumcP ajymaewmawG[m wjcm;aMumifh r[kwfbl;? olUudk,foljyefMunfhNyD; odyftm;rvdktm;r& jzpfaewmaMumifhbJjzpfw,f? zkd;oHknqdkwJhpum;vHk;[m 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek xGifvdkufwJhpum;ygbJ? 'Dpum;udk xGifvdkufwkef;u OD;Ek[m b,foludkrS r&nf&G,fygbl;? tcsdef&dSwkef;u A[kokwawG olrpkcJhrdwm pdwfememeJU olUudk,foloa&mfNyD; xGifvdkufwmygbJ? jynfaxmifpkol jynfaxmifpkpm;awG txl;ojzifh wufvlawG[m oljzpfcJh&ovkd rdk;vGefrS xGefcsqkdwmrsKd; rjzpf&atmif 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m wckckvkyfay;csifw,f? b,fvkdvkyf&yghrvJvkdU pOf;pm;MunfhwJhtcg avmuDrSm txGwftxdyfudk a&mufbdkUtwGuf Armh A[kokw[m rvHkavmufao;bl;? tifrwefatmufwef;usaew,fqdkwmudk v,fjyifrSm qifoGm;ovkd OD;Ek[m xifxif&Sm;&Sm;MuD; awGUae&w,f? tJ'gaMumifh urGmhA[kokwudk jynfaxmifpkom;awG avhvmpkaqmif;Ekdifatmif OD;Ek[m bmomjyefpmaytoif;udk xlaxmifay;vkdufw,f? tJ'Dtoif;u OD;Ek&JU OD;aESmufudk vkdcsifvkdUawmh r[kwfygbl;? 0efMuD;csKyftaeeJU olay;EkdifwJh tcGifhta&;awGudk vkdcsifwmaMumifh OD;Ekudk toif;&JUOuXtjzpf a&G;aumufwifajrmufvdkufMuw,f? 'Dtoif;[m urmhpmayawGxJu aumif;Ekd;&m&mudk a&G;cs,fNyD; bmomjyefw,f?","tJ'DaemufpmtkyfawG&kdufNyD; ausmif;awG? pmMunfhwkdufawGudk tcrJha0ay;w,f? tJ'Dtoif;&JU vkyfief;awGxJrSm jrefrmhpG,fpHkusrf;udk OD;Ek tjrwfedk;qHk;bJ? 'Dusrf;rSm twGJ(14)wJG&dSr,f? yHkESdyf&wm tifrwefcufwJhtwGuf yxrwwGJESpfwGJudk taemufEkdifiHawGrSm yHkESdyf&w,f? yxr[m taemufEkdifiHu a&mufvmwkef;u OD;EkeJU bmomjyefpmaytoif;&JU aumifpD0ifvlMuD;awG udk,fwkdif oabFmqdyfudkqif;NyD; wcrf;wem;MudKqkdw,f? qdyfurf;ay:udk csNyD;wJhtcg toif;wkdufudk usrf;pmtkyfawG csufcsif; ,lrvmao;bl;? armfawmfum;awGay:rSm ususee vSvSyywnfcif;NyD;rSm &efukefwNrdUvHk;oludk,fwkdif vSnfhjyvkdufao;w,f? bmomjyefpmaytoif;eJU ywfoufwJhyGJwyGJrSm OD;Eku 'Dusrf;MuD;[m jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEkdifiHrSmausmufawmifMuD;yrmwnfNyD; usef&pfvdrfhr,fvkdUawmif vIdufvIdufvJSvJS MuHK;0g;cJhzl;w,f? jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiH&JUynma&;eJU ywfoufvkdUawmh ynma&;pDrHudef; topfwckudk a&;qGJay;csifwJh qef' 0efMuD;csKyfOD;EkrSm jyif;jyif;jyjy &dSaew,f? tJ'gaMumifh oludk,fwkdifacgif;aqmifwJh ynma&;pDrHudef; tzGJUwckudk zGJUpnf;ay;w,f? 'DtzGJUxJrSm ArmEdkif&JU xdyfoD;ynmyg&*lawGygw,f? OD;Ekudk,fwkdifuawmh apwemom&dSwmygyJ? 'Dudwfpudk olaumif;aumif;em;rvnf&Smygbl;? tzGJU&JUem,uwufvkyfwmygbJ? ynma&;pepfudk cPcPjyif&wm raumif;bl;? wkdif;jynfepfemw,f? tJ'Dawmh tzGJU[m pDrHudef;ukd tvsifpvdk ra&;qGJygeJU? yxrtqifhtaeeJU pDrHudef;eJUywfoufwJh ar;cGef;awGudk xkwfNyD; ausnmvkdufyg? ynma&;rSm pdwf0ifpm;wJhvlawG[m 'Dar;cGef;awGudk avhvmNyD;avmufwJhtcsdefrSm 'kwd,tqifhtaeeJU tzGJU0ifawG[m ESpfpkcGJNyD; wpku atmufArmjynf? aemufwpku txufArmjynfudk c&D;xGufyg? a&mufwJhae&mawGrSm tMuHay;csifwJhvlawGeJU awGUqHkNyD; aqG;aEG;yg? tJ'Dvkd aqG;aEG;NyD;wJhtcg wwd, tqifhtaeeJU t*Fvef? tar&duef? &S&Sm;? w&kwf? tdEf, oifhawmfwJh ynma&;yg&*lawGudk zdwfac:NyD;? 4if;wkdUqDu tMuH^mPfawmif;yg? 4if;wkdUeJUaqG;aEG;yg? 'Dvkd tMuHnmPfawGudk jynfhjynfhpkHpkH&NyDawmhrSm pwkwtqifhrSm pDrHudef;tzGJUu a&;qGJaewkef; wyfrawmfu tmPmodrf;vkdufwJhtwGuf tzGJU0ifawG a&SUqufNyD; tvkyfrvkyfEkdifMuawmhbl;? OD;Ek[m 'DpDrHudef;tay:rSmawmh pdwfrukefao;ygbl;? tcGifh&tHk;r,fqkd&if NyD;wJhtxda&;qGJyHkESdyfNyD; wkdif;jynfudk wifjycsifao;w,f? tJ'DvkdwifjyNyD; ynma&;rSm pdwf0ifpm;olawGeJU wMudrfavmufxyfNyD; aqG;aEG;csifao;w,f? jyifp&m? ?zwfp&m? jznfhp&mawG tm;vHk; vkyfNyD;vdkU trsm;&JU","oabmwlnDcsufudk &NyD;wJhtcg tJ'Dynma&;pDrHudef;udk OD;Ek[m oludk,fwkdif acgif;aqmifNyD; wwfEdkifoavmuf taumiftxnfazmfay;csifao;w,f? ynma&;eJU usef;rma&;rSm yef;wkdifudk a&mufatmif jzwfvrf;uoGm;wJh tpDtpOfawG[m tawmfuav; xajrmufatmifjrifwmudkawGU&wJhtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m tawmftm;wufw,f? tJ'gaMumifh jyefvnfxlaxmifa&;rSmvnf; 'Dvkd jzwfvrf;uoGm;&&if odyfaumif;rSmbJvkdU OD;Ekpdwful;rdjyefw,f? 'kwd,urmppfMuD;twGif;upNyD; jrefrmEkdifiHxJrSm wHwm;awG? vrf;awG? wmwrHawG? ausmif;taqmuftOD;awG tawmfysufpD;ukefMuw,f? vGwfvyfa&;&NyD;wJhaemuf olykefa&mifpHkawG ay:vmjyefwJhtwGuf tpkd;&[m 'DysufpD;aewmawGudk jyefrMunfhEkdifbl;? 1950ckESpfavmufupNyD; olykef&ef[m tawmfat;oGm;jyefawmhvnf; tpdk;&rSm aiGr&dSwJhtwGuf 'DysufpD;aewmawGudk jyefvnfxlaxmif ray;Ekdifbl;? vTwfawmftrwfawG[m olwkdU&JU oufqkdif&m rJqef'e,fajrawGrSm jyefvnf xlaxmifa&;twGuf tpkd;&qDu tultnDawmif;Muw,f? wcsKdUu vTwfawmfxJrSm awmif;w,f? wcsKdUu 0efMuD;csKyfawGqDudk wkduf&kdufoGm;NyD; awmif;w,f? aiGr&&Smygbl;? tpkd;&rSm aiGr&dSbl;qkdwJh tajzawGudkom ESpfpOf&oGm;cJhMuw,f? tJ'geJU wESpfusawmh 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Eku jyefvnfxlaxmifa&; pDrHudef;wck vkyfay;vkdufw,f? 'DpDrHudef;uawmh OD;aESmuft&IyfcH odyfpOf;pm;NyD;a&;qGJ&wJh pDrHudef;rsKd;r[kwfygbl;? udk,fhudk,fudk u,fwJholawGudk xm0&ocifu u,fr,fqkdwJh pDrHudef;rsKd;ygbJ? 'DpDrHudef;t& rdrdwdkUa'orSm jyefvnfxlaxmifa&;twGuf aiGtm;? yudwfpnf;tm;? vltm; pdkufxkwfay;rJhvlawGudk tpkd;&uvJ wwfEkdifoavmuf aiGtultnD? tif*sifeD,mtultnD tp&dSonfwkdUudk xkwfay;r,fvkdU ausnmvkdufw,f? a'owkdif;rSm aiGtm;? ypfpnf;tm;? vltm; pkdufxkwfay;wJhvlawG trsm;MuD; ay:xGufvmw,f? Oyrm-wHwm;wckudk tpdk;&uaqmufay;&&if aiGwaxmifukefr,fqkdygpdkU? t&yfolt&yfom;awGu opfvSLw,f? tvkyf0kdif;vkyfay;w,fqkdawmh tJ'DwHwm;udk (250)avmufeJU tNyD;aqmufEdkifw,f? tJ'D(250)xJrSm tpkd;u (100)xnfhw,f? t&yfolt&yfom;awGu (150)pkaygif;NyD;xnfhMuw,f? tJ'Denf;eJU jynfvnfxlaxmifvkdufwm wEkdifiHvHk;rSm wmwrHaygif; rsm;pGmzkdUNyD;oGm;w,f? wHwm;awG trsm;MuD;aumif;oGm;w,f? vrf;awGtrsm;MuD;jyifNyD;oGm;w,f? a&wGif;a&uefawGtrsm;MuD;wl;NyD; oGm;w,f? rlvwef;ausmif;awG? pmMunfhcef;awG trsm;MuD;","aqmufNyD;oGm;w,f? pmtkyfMuD;twkdif;om vkyfaeMur,fqkd&if tJ'DwESpftwGif; NyD;oGm;wJhvkyfief;awGudk ig;ESpfavmufvkyf&r,f? ukefusrJhaiGuvnf; tckukefuswmxuf av;ig;qavmufwkd;NyD; ukefvmr,f? 1953ckESpf bwf*sufvTwfawmfxJrSm b?ma&;0efMuD;[m 'DpDrHudef;&JU atmifjrifrIudk rSwfwrf;wifwJhtaeeJU 'DpDrHudef;twGuf tpkd;&u 1952- 53ckESpftwGif; aiGodef;aygif; w&mhwq,f xkwfay;cJhw,f? jynfolvlxkxHrS &&dSwJhaiGtm;eJU ypfpnf;tm;udk aygif;vkduf&if odef;ESpf&mbdk;avmuf &dSvdrfhr,fvdkU ausnmcJhw,f? tcef;(27) 1952ckESpf tmZmenfaeUrSm 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m rdefUcGef;wckajymw,f? 'DrdefUcGef;xJrSm wjcm;tcsufawGtjyif tcsufwcsuf ygvmw,f? tJ'Dtcsufudk 'Dae&mrSm eJeJavmufajymjyyg&ap? ArmEdkifiHrSm v,fawGtrsm;MuD;&Sdw,f? 'Dv,fawGaMumifh ArmEdkifiH[m urBmay:rSm qeftrsm;qHk;wifykdUa&mif;cswJhEdkifiH jzpfaew,f? 'Dv,fawGtjyif tzdk;wefuRef;opfawGxGufwJh opfawmawGvnf; trsm;MuD;&dSw,f? owfwkwGif;rsKd;pHk&dSw,f? ywfwjrm;wGif;awG&dSw,f? a&eHwGif;awG&dSw,f? jynfaxmifpkom;awG vlcsrf;om;awGjzpfatmif tbufbufu ulnDaxmufyHhEkdifwJh {&m0wDjrpfMuD;uvnf; jynfaxmifpkudk ta&SUeJUtaemufESpfjcrf;cGJNyD;? ajrmufbufu awmifbufudk pD;qif;aew,f? rdk;av0ovnf; txl;aumif;w,f? vlOD;a&usawmh tifrwef eJw,f? tJ'gaMumifh uRefawmfjynfaxmifpkxJrSm jynfwGif;ppfrjzpf&bJ pdwfcsrf;csrf;omomeJU tvkyfvkyfcGifh&r,fqdk&if jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkfifiH[m rdom;pkwkdif;udk tdrfwaqmif? armfawmfum;wpif;? vpOf0ifaiG (800)u (1000)&atmifvkyfay;EkdifwJhtxd csrf;omwJhEkdifiH jzpfw,fqkdwJhtcsufudk rdefUcGef;xJrSm OD;EkxnfhajymoGm;w,f? cyfaemufaemuf owif;pmq&mwcsKdU[m olwkdU&JUowif;awGxJrSm 'DrdefUcGef;udk az:jywJhtcg rdom;pkwkdif;udk tdrfwtdrf? armfawmfum;wpif;? vpOf0ifaiG (800)u (1000)txd ay;r,fvkdU OD;Ekuwday;NyD tp&dSwJh &Dp&macgif;pOfMuD;awGudk wyfay;vkdufMuw,f? aemifig;ESpfavmufMumwJhtcg 'DtcsufudkwyfNyD; ajym&r,fqdk&if OD;Ek[m 'Dtwkdif;ajymr,frxifbl;? tJ'Dig;ESpftwGif; OD;Ek[m jynfolydkifvkyfief;awGtay:rSm tMuD;tus,fpdwfysufaewJhtwGuf 'Dtcsufudk xyfajym&r,fqkd&if 'Dvkdajymvdrfhr,fxifw,f? EkdifiHuawmh tifrwefcsrf;omwJh","EdkifiHygbJ? rdom;pkwkdif;udk tdrfwaqmif? armfawmfum;wpif;? vpOf0ifaiG (1000)&atmif vkyfay;EkdifwJhtxd csrf;om;wJhEkdifiHjzpfw,fqkdwmudk b,folrS rjiif;Ekdifygbl;? 'gayrJh rdom;pkwkdif; tdrfwaqmif? armfawmfum;wpif;? vpOf0ifaiG (1000)&bdkUtwGuf jynfwGif;ppf r&dS&kHeJU rvHkavmufao;bl;? jynfaxmifpkom;awG tvkyfMudK;pm;vkyf&kHeJUvnf; rvHkavmufao;bl;? (1) jynfaxmifpk&JU pD;yGm;a&;pepfuvnf; rSef&tHk;r,f? (2) 'DpepfrSefudk taumiftxnfazmfwJh ae&mrSm txl;vdktyfwJh refae*smac: tvkyfem;vnfwJh tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL;rsm;? wufueD&Sef;ac: pufrIuRrf;usifolrsm;vnf; vHkvHkavmufavmuf &dS&tHk;r,f? (3) orw? 0efMuD;csKyf? 0efMuD;awG? twGif;0efawG? XmetMuD;tuJawGupNyD; awmifolv,form;rsm;? tvkyform;rsm;? aps;olaps;om;rsm; tygt0if jynfolvlxkw&yfvHk;uvnf; udk,fusifhw&m;eJU jynfhpHkolawG jzpfMu&tHk;r,fqkdwJh tcsuf(3)csufudk OD;EkxyfNyD; jznfhp&m taMumif;&Sdw,f? OD;Ek[m 'Dtcsuf(3)csufudk bmaMumifh xyfjznfhcsifovJqdkwm 'Dae&mrSm eJeJavmuf azmfjycsifw,f? vGwfvyfa&;&NyD;wJhaemuf OD;Ektpdk;&tzGJU[m vkyfief;tawmfrsm;rsm;udk jynfolydkifvkyfcJhw,f? tckvkd jynfolykdifvkyfwJhtcgawGwkef;u jynfolydkifvkyfief;awGeJU qufpyfaewJh jy?emawGudk OD;Ek[mav;av;eufeuf pOf;pm;rdyHkray:bl;? 'Dvdkjynfolydkif vkyfNyD;wJhaemuf jynfolydkifvkyfief;awGeJU ywfoufNyD; tkyfcsKyfrInHhzsif;yHkawG? trsKd;rsKd;tzHktzHk jcpm;rIawG? qHk;&IH;epfemrIawGudk 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek awGUvm&w,f? OD;EkawGUcJhwJh tjzpftysufawGxJu EkdifiHawmf aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJUeJU ywfoufwJh tjzpftysufwckudk tusOf;csKyfNyD; azmfjycsifw,f? EkdifiHawmf aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzJGU[m jynfolydkifvkyfief;awGxJrSm tMuD;qHk;jzpfw,f? waeUrSm (p)oHk;vHk;tzGJU (Bureau For Special Investigation) utrIaqmifMuD;awG 0efMuD;csKyfeJUawGUNyD; owif;ckdifckdifvHkvHk&wmeJU vGefcJhwJhaeUwkef;u (p)oHk;vHk;tzGJUu qefwifoabFmwpif;udk qif;ppfw,f? aumufyJoD;ESHtzGJUu qefa[mif;awGqdkNyD; a&mif;vdkufwJh qefawGtm;vHk;[m qefaumif;awGjzpfaewmudk awGU&w,f? olwkdU&&dSwJh owif;t& aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJU[m qefaumif;awGudk qefa[mif;awGNyD; vdrfvdrfa&mif;aewm MumNyD;vdkU tJ'D (p)oHk;vHk;trIaqmifvlMuD;awGu tpD&ifcHw,f? aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJUu qefa[mif;ta&twGufeJ&if olwkdU[molwkdU a&mif;w,f? a&mif;rJhqefa[mif;ta&twGufrsm;&if","olwkdU&JU0efMuD;uwqifh 0efMuD;rsm;tzGJUrSm qefa[mif;a&mif;cGifh awmif;w,f? tJ'gaMumifh 0efMuD;csKyf[m rMumao;cifu 0efMuD;rsm;tzGJUu qefa[mif;awGa&mif;cGifh ay;vdkufwmudk csufcsif; owd&w,f? ta[mif;awGqkdNyD; vdrfa&mif;wJhqefawGudk oabFmay:rSm zrf;rdwJhtaMumif;ajymNyDawmh (p)oHk;vHk;trIaqmifvlMuD;awGu aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&; tzGJUrSm ESpfpOfESpfwdkif;qefa[mif; b,favmufusefw,fqkdwm pm&if;r&dSbl;? 'Dvdkpm&if;r&dSwm[m oufqkdif&mt&m&dSawG nHhzsif;vkdUvnf; jzpfEdkfiw,f? 'Dvkdpm&if;r&dSrS qefaumif;awGudk qefa[mif;awGqdkNyD; vdrfa&mi;f&wmvG,fwJhtwGuf txuft&m&dSMuD;awGu 'Dvkd pm&if;r&dSwmudk vspfvQL&Ixm;wmaMumifhvnf; jzpfEdkifw,f? tJ'Dawmh vufusefqefa[mif;pm&if;udk &atmifawmif;ygvkdU tJ'D (p)oHk;vHk;trIaqmifawGu 0efMuD;csKyfudk tMuHay;w,f? tJ'DtMuHay;csuft& 0efMuD;csKyfu oufqdkif&m0efMuD;csKyfudk vufusefqefa[mif; pm&if;wifjybdkU trdefUay;w,f? 0efMuD;uvnf; tJ'Dpm&if;wifjybkdU aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJUudk trdefUay;w,f? wESpfMumwJhtxd tJ'Dpm&if;udk aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJUu wifrjyEdkifbl;? Mumvmawmh 0efMuD;csKyfvnf; oD;rcHEkdifawmhbl;? tJ'gaMumifh (p)oHk;vHk;tzGJUu trIaqmifvlMuD;wcsKdUudk ac:vkdufw,f? 0efMuD;csKyf[m jcpm;rIawGudk wkdufjzwfbkdUtwGuf 'DtzGJUudk oludk,fwkdifwkduf&kduf tkyfcsKyfNyD; b,f0efMuD;ukdrS raMumufeJU? 'D0efMuD;awG[m jcaumifawG jzpfEkdfif&if ta&;,l? 0efMuD;csKyfudk,fwkdif jcaumifMuD;jzpfae&ifvnf; bmrSraMumufeJU? csufcsif;ta&;,lvdkU (p)oHk;vHk;tzGUJudk 0efMuD;csKyfu wdwdususrSmxm;w,f? jcpm;wmudk ta&;,lwJhtcg jywfjywfom;om; ta&;,lapcsifwJh oabmeJU (p)oHk;vHk;tzGJU[m ta0;rSmcsnf;bJ jcaumifawGudk vkduf&SmaewJhtwGuf tem;uyfaewJh jcaumifawGudk rsufpd&Sef;aewwfw,f? olaewJh 0if'grD,m0if;rSm jcaumifawG &dScsif&dSaer,f? tJ'gaMumifh 0if'grD,mudkvnf; rsufajcrjywf Munfhaeyg? jcaumifawGudkawGU&if vufraES;eJU? csufcsif;ta&;,lygvkdU 0efMuD;csKyf[m olU(p)oHk;vHk;tzGJUudk rSmxm;w,f? (p)oHk;vHk;trIaqmifvlMuD;awGeJU awGUwJhtcg wESpfMumwJhwkdifatmif aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJUu vufusef qefa[mif;pm&if;udk ray;EdkifwJhtaMumif;udk ajymjyw,f? tJ'Daemuf olrapmifhEdkifawmhbl;? (p)oHk;vHk;tzGJUxJu oifhawmfrJht&m&dSawGudk tzGJUwckzGJUay;NyD; wEdkifiHvHk;rSm vufusefqefa[mif;b,favmuf&dSw,fqkdwm pm&if;,lyg&apvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfu wm0efay;&w,f? (p)oHk;vHk;tzGJU&JU MudKyrf;csufaMumifh pm&if;&wJhtcg","'Dqefa[mif;awGudk csefrxm;eJUawmh&wJhaps;eJU tm;vHk;a&mif;ypfvkdufvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfu 0efMuD;csKyfrsm;tpnf;ta0;wckrSm trdefUcsay;vkdufw,f? 0efMuD;csKyf[m olU (p)oHk;vHk;tzGJUeJU aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;udwfpudk qufvufaqG;aEG;&if- (1) aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&; tzGJU[m qefaumif;awGudkom qefa[mif;awGqkdNyD; vdrfxkwfaewm r[kwfbl;? *HkeDtdwf taumif;awGudkvnf; ta[mif;awGqkdNyD; vdrfxkwfaew,f? rMumcifubJ owif;tckdiftrm&vdkU oGm;zrf;vkduf&ao;w,fqkdwmudk Mum;&w,f? (2) tJ'Daemuf aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJUu e,fawGrSm pyg;0,fwJh t&m&dSawG[m pyg;ukd0,fNyD;NyD;jcif; aiGvufiif;racsbl;? vufrSwfawG xkwfay;w,f? pyg;a&mif;wJh awmifolv,form;awG[m w&mwefvufrSwfudk udk;q,fhig;usyfeJU 'Dt&m&dSawG arG;xm;wJh wynfhawGqDrSm jyefa&mif;&w,fqkdwmvnf; Mum;&w,f? (3) tJ'Daemuf tpdk;&ay;xm;wJhyHkpHtwkdif; qefpufawGu qefawGudkMudwfay;ovm;? rMudwfay; bl;vm;qkdwmudk ppfaq;zkdUtwGuf aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJUu qefpufawGrSm tapmifhcsxm;wJh t&m&dSawG[m qefpufydkif&SifawGqDu vmbfpm;NyD; yHkpHudkufwJhqefawGudk ykHpHudkufw,fvkdUvufrSwfxkd; ay;aeMuw,fqkdwmudkvnf; Mum;&w,f? (EkdifiHjcm;EkdifiHwcsKdU[m qefawGudk 0,fNyD;rS oabFmwifwJhtcg qeftawmfrsm;rsm;udk vufrcHEkdifbl;qkdNyD; y,fcsypfw,f? 'Dowif;udk Mum;&wJhtcg olUt&m&dSawG aiGpm;NyD; rw&m; vkyfaeMuwmudk rodwJh 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m tawmfpdwfqdk;w,f? (p)oHk;vHk;u tpD&ifcHwmudk Mum;&awmhrS? EkdifiHjcm;rSm Armhqefemrnfysufaewm 'gaMumifhudk;vkdU 0efMuD;csKyfoabmaygufw,f?) (4) tJ'Daemuf aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJU&JU tawmf&ufpufwJh t&m&dSwcsKdU[m pyg;udk wu,f r0,fbJ aiGudktvGJoHk;pm; vkyfvkdufNyD; b,f*dka'gifawGrSm pyg;b,favmuf oGif;NyD;NyDvkdU vdrfxm;wJh tpD&ifcHpmawG XmecsKyfudkydkUw,f? aemufNyD;awmhrS olykefawG0ifNyD;&IdUoGm;w,fvkdU vdrfxm;wJhtpD&ifcHpmawG ydkUMujyefw,f? (5) tJ'Daemuf tifrwef ta&;MuD;wJhtcsufwcsufudk 0efMuD;csKyf[m aemufxyfod&jyefw,f?aumuf yJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJU[m ESpfpOfESpfwkdif; usyfaiG (2)uka#zdk;avmuf *HkeDtdwfawGudk tdEd,u0,f&w,f? *HkeDtdwfaps;[m twuftus&Sdw,f? pD;yGm;a&;avmurSm \\\"rwmjzpfaewJhtwkdif; 0,folvkdcsifwJhtcg aps;wufNyD; 0,folrvdkcsifwJhtcg aps;uswmbJ?","aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJU[m *HkeDtdwfawGudk aps;uswkef; b,fawmhrS r0,fbl;? qefawGudk EkdifiHjcm;wifydkUcgeD;rS tNrJwrf; *ref;*wef; 0,favh&dSw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm *HkeDtdwfa&mif;ol awmif;orQay;NyD; 0,f&wmbJ? 'Dvdkjzpf&wm[m em;rvnfvkdUr[kwfbl;? *HkeDtdwfa&mif;orm;awGeJU aumufyJoD;ESHa&mif;0,fa&;tzGJUu txuft&m&dSMuD;awG em;vnfrI,lNyD; vkyfaewmvdkU (p)oHk;vHk;u tckdiftvHk owif;&w,f? 'gayrJh 'DudwfprSm tdEd,u *HkeDtdwfa&mif;orm;awGvnf; ygaewJhtwGuf trIay:atmif (p)oHk;vHk;u rpHkprf;Edkifbl;? *HkeDtdwfudk tckvdk0,faewJhpepfudkom jyifay;ygvdkU (p)oHk;vHk;u 0efMuD;csKyfudk tpD&ifcHw,f? 0efMuD;csKyf[m 'DtpD&ifcHcsufawGudkvnf; Mum;&w,f? wjcm;jynfolydkifvkyfief;aweJU ywfoufNyD;awmhvnf; tvm;wl tpD&ifcHcsufawGudk Mum;&w,f? tJ'gawGudk Mum;&wJhtcg vTwfawmfu a&GUaumufwifajrmufxm;wJh pm&if;ppftzGJUxJu twkduftcH trwfwcsKdU[m vTwfawmfusif;ywJh tcgwkdif;vdkvdk jynfolydkifvkyfief;awGrSm tkyfcsKyfa&; nhHzsif;w,f? jcpm;awGaygw,f? pm&if;tif;ususee r&dSbl;? vGefcJhwJhESpfawGu pm&if;awGudk ckxufxdrydwfEdkfifao;bl;vkdU ajymcJhwmawGudk 0efMuD;csKyfajy;NyD;owd&w,f? vTwfawmfxJrSm Mum;&wkef;u twkduftcHtrwfawG[m tpdk;&tzGJUudk wrifoufouf ykwfcwfaewmvkdU 0efMuD;csKyf ,lqcJhw,f? tckrS twkduftcH trwfawGajymwm eJawmifeJao;w,fqkdwmudk oludk,fwkdif awGUae&w,f? 0efMuD;csKyf[m tprSawmh (p)oHk;vHk;&JUtultnDeJU jynfolykdifvkyfief;awGu tjypfxif&Sm;wJh t&m&dSawGudk jyif;jyif;xefxef ta&;,lcJhw,f? 'gayrJh pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;awGudk jynfolykdifvkyfxm;oa&GU tckajymcJhwJh tkyfcsKyfa&;nHhzsif;rI? jcpm;rI? qHk;&IH;epfemrIawG[m &dSaerSmbJ? 'Dpepfudk tjrpfuaeNyD; ajymif;vJypfvkdufrS 'D[mawG yaysmufukefrSmbJqdkwmudk OD;Ek wajz;ajz;oabmaygufvmw,f? bmtaMumif;awGaMumifh 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek[m jynfolykdifpepfay:rSm pdwfawGajymif;oGm;w,fqkdwmudk 'Dae&mrSm eJeJavmuf azmfjycsifw,f? (1) pD;yGm;a&; vkyfief;awGudk jynfolydkifvkyfwJhtcg 'Dvkyfief;awG[m 0efMuD;csKyfrsm;tzGJU&JU vufatmufudk a&mufvmw,f? 0efMuD;rsm;tzGJU[m 'Dvkyfief;awGtwGuf tcsKyftjcmtmPmydkif tzGJUjzpfw,f? 'DtcsKyftjcmtmPmykdif tzGJUxJrSm&dSwJh 0efMuD;csKyfeJU 0efMuD;awG[m EkdifiHa&;orm;awG? EkdifiHa&;orm;qdkwm tmPm&bkdUtwGuf woufvHk;","avhusifhvmolawGjzpfw,f? pD;yGm;a&;orm;awGvdk tjrwf&bdkUtwGuf woufvHk; woufvHk;avhusifhvmolawG r[kwfbl;? tJ'gaMumifh tjrwf&bdkUqdkwJh udwfpawGudk rsm;aom;tm;jzifh olwkdU aumif;aumif;em;rvnfMubl;? olwkdU em;rvnfwJhtwGuf qefaumif;awGudk qefa[mif;awGqdkNyD; vdrfxkwfwJhudwfprSm pD;yGm;a&;orm;awGeJU t&m&dSqkd;awG aygif;NyD; wywf&kdufwmudk olwkdU cHvkdufMu&vmaygh? 'DEkdifiHa&;orm;awG[m pD;yGm;a&;rSm bmrSem;rvnfwJh (vlt)awGjzpfaewmaMumifh jynfolykdifvkyfief;awGtwGuf aiG (odkUr[kwf) oabmwlnDcsuf (okdUr[kwf) tmPmawmif;wJh rSwfwrf;awGudk oufqkdif&m 0efMuD;XmeawGu 0efMuD;rsm;tzGJUudk ydkUvkdufwJhtcg 0efMuD;csKyfudk,fwdkifuvnf; 'DrSwfwrf;xJrSmygwJh tcsufawGeJU ywfoufNyD; b,fvkdrS ra0zefEdkifbl;? 0efMuD;awGuvnf; bmajym&rSef; rodMum;bl;? tJ'gaMumifh 0efMuD;csKyfu oabmwlMuovm;vkdU 0efMuD;awGudkar;? 0efMuD;awGu oabmwlygw,fvkdU ajzMumNyD;? 'DrSwfwrf;awG wifydkUvkdufwJhXmeawG[m olwkdUvdkcsifwJhaiG? oabmwlnDcsuf? tmPmawGudk &&oGm;MuwmbJ? tJ'Denf;eJU jynfolydkifvkyfief;awG&JU tcsKyftjcmtmPmykdif tzGJUqdkwJh 0efMuD;rsm;tzGJU[m wu,fh tcsKyftjcmtmPmydkiftzGJU r[kwfawmhbJ olwkdUzefqif;xm;wJh ow0gawGu jyefNyD;toHk;?yaewJh a&mfbmwHqdyfwHk;MuD; jzpfrSef;rod jzpfaew,f? tJ'gaMumifh jynfolydkifvkyfief;awGrSm tkyfcsKyfa&; nhHzsif;w,fqkdwm atmufqifhawGrSm pwmr[kwfbl;? 0efMuD;rsm;tzGJUqkdwJh txufqHk;tqifhrSm paew,fqdkwm 0efMuD;csKyf oabmaygufvmw,f? (2) jynfolykdifvkyfief;awGudk wkduf&kduftkyfcsKyfaeMuwJh twGif;0efawGeJU XmetMuD;tuJawGuvnf; tkyfcsKyfa&;twGuf woufvHk; avhusifhvmolawG jzpfwmaMumifh pD;yGm;a&;rSm olwkdU[m olwdkU&JUq&mjzpfwJh 0efMuD;awGxuf ydkrxl;ygbl;? aemufNyd;awmhvnf; olwkdU[m vpmaiGtjzpfeJU (1600)EIef;&w,f? 'ghxuf rwkd;awmhbl;? yk*vdu ykdifpD;yGm;a&; avmurSmvkd bdk;eyf(pf)wkdU? txl;qkwdkU? tdrfwdkU? armfawmfum;wdkU {nfhcHp&dwfwkdU qdkwmawGudkvnf; r&bl;? tJ'gaMumifh 'Dt&m&dSawG[m jynfolydkifvkyfief;awGrSm pdwfr0ifpm;&kHomru vmbfwdkU? wefpkd;vufaqmifwkdUeJU pD;yGm;a&;orm;awGu qG,fvmwJhtcg vG,fvG,feJU ygoGm;Muw,f? 0efMud;csKyfOD;Eku olwkdUudk ypfrxm;MuygeJU? rsufpda'gufaxmufNyD;MunfhaeMuygvdkU (p)oHk;vHk;tzGJUudk olrMumcPwzGzGeJUrSmae&wm[m wjcm;aMumifhr[kwfbJ oludk,fwkdifvnf;","tJ'Dvkd ygoGm;rSmpdk;vkdUbJxifyg&JU? 3\/ 'Dvkdqkd&if 0efMuD;tzGJU&JU tkyfcsKyfrI vkH;0vGwfuif;NyD; tcsKyftjcmtmPmykdifwJh jynfolykdif vkyfief;tzJGUawGudk zGJUay;NyD;awmhrS 'DtzGJUawGrSm pD;yGm;a&; aumif;aumif; em;vnfwJh pD;yGm;a&:orm; awGudk ttkyfcsKyfckdif;ygvm;\/ bmjzpfvkdU'DvkdrvkyfovJvkdU ar;p&m &Sdw,f tajzuawmh wdkwkdygbJ? EkdifiHa&;orm;awG&JU rsufpdxJrSm pD;yGm;a&;orm;awGudk acgif;ykHjzwf tjrwfMuD;pm;awGvkdUbJjrifaew,f tJ'gtjyif jrefrmEkdifiHrSm jrefrmawG[m wcgrS tcGifhta&; r&cJhbl;wJhtwGuf rif;wkef;rif;MuD; vufxufupNyD; OD;EkwkdUtmPm &aewJhtcsdeftxd vuf&Sd jynfolydkif vkyfief;awG&JU av;ykHwykHavmuf&SdwJh pD;yGm;a&; vkyfief;rsKd;awGudkbJ &dk;&kd;om;om;eJU atmifatmifjrifjrif tkyfcsKyfcJhbl;wJh jrefrm trIaqmifawG ? jrefrm refae*smawg ? jrefrm 'g&kdufwmawG? teJtusOf;avmufjzpfjzpf? ay:cJhzl;w,fqkdwm b,folrSvnf; rMum;zl;bl;\/ jrifvJrjrifzl;bl;\/ 'Dvkdray:cJhzl;wJhtwGufvuf&Sd pD;yGm;a&;orm;awGxJu EkdifiHa&;orm;awG pdwftcsqkH; t,kHMunfqkH; vlawGudk qGJxkwfNyD; 'Djynfolykdifvkyfief;awG ud kxkd;tyfonfhwkdifatmif 'DpD;yGm;a&;orm;awG[m jynfolydkifvkyfief;awGudk teJqkH; q,fESpfavmuf prf;w0g;0g;eJU tkyfcsKyfae&tkH;rSmbJ? jynfolykdifvkyfief;awGudk urmh pHcsdefrSD vkyfief;awGjzpfvmatmif tkyfcsKyfbkdUqkdwm[mtmPmykdifawGudk vmbfxkd;NyD;oGif;ukefvkdifpif&atmif ,l&NyD;wJhtcg vkdifpifa&mif;pm;&wJh vkyfief;awGavmufrvG,fbl;\/ tmPmykdifawGudk vmbfxkd;NyD; qefaumif;awGudk qefa[mif;awGtjzpf vdrfxkwf&wJhvkyfief;avmufrvG,fbl;\/ 'DvkdrvG,fwJhtwGuf 'dpD;yGm;a&;orm;awG[m pvQif pjcif; jynfolykdifvkyfief;awGudk b,fenf;eJUrQ pepfwus tkyfcsKyfwwfMutkH;rSm rvG,fbl;\/ aemufNyD;awmhvnf olpdwftcsqkH;? t,kHMunfqkH;qkdwJh pD;yG;ma&;orm;wcsKdUudk jynfolykdifvkyfief;wcskKdUrSm 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m wm0efay;tyfcJhzl;w,f\/ 'DvlawxJu oltifrwef txifMuD;wJh vlwcsKdU[m azmufvGJazmufjyef vkyfoGm;wmudk olukd,fwkdifawGUae&wJhtwGuf 'DpD;yGm;a&;orm;awGudk aemufxyf pd;yGm;a&; wm0eftyfESif;bkdUqkdwm OD;EktwGuf odyfrvG,fawmhbl;\/ tJ'gaMumifh jynfolydkif vkyfief;awGukd pD;yGm;a&;orm;awG&JU vufxJ 0uGufNyD;tyf&r,fqkdwmudk vuf&Sdtajctaet& vkyfbkdUrajymeJU OD;Ek pOf;pm;vkdUawmif rjzpfbl;\/ tckajymcJhwJh tcsuf 3csufaMumifhvnf; OD;Ek[m jynfolykdifpepfudk tjrpfuaeNyD;awmhvnf; ajymif;ypfcsifw,f\/ b,fvkdajymif;ypf&r,fqkdwm","udkvnf rpOf;pm;wwfatmif jzpfaew,f\/ tJ'gaMumifh 'kwd,tMudrf tmPmodr;fcH&wJhaeUtxd oleJU olU0efMuD;awG jynfolykdif vkyfcJhwJh jynfolykdifvkyfief;awGudk olUpdwfwkdif;us ajymif;vJray;ekdifbJ tkyfcsKyfykHtkyfcsKyfenf;udk [kdae&m eJeJ 'Dae&m eJeJ jyif vla[mif;wcsKdUudk xkwfNyD; vlopfwcsKdUudkcefU wkd;oifhwJhae&m rSm tmPmwkd;ay;&kHavmufeJUom OD;Ekwif;wdrfoGm;cJh&&Smw,f\/ tckazmfjycJhwJh tawGUtMuKHawGxJu 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m olUtwGuf tifrwef wefbkd;&SdwJ oifcef;pmawGudk trsm;MuD;&&SdcJhw,f\/ 'Doifcef;pmawGudk twkdcsKyfNyD;ajym&&if 'Dvkdajym&r,f\/ 1\/ EkdifiHa&;orm;awG pd;yGm;a&;avmurSm 0ifrpGufeJU? 0ifpGuf&if pD;yGm;ysufvdrfhr,f? 2\/ pD;yGm;a&;orm;awGuvnf; EkdifiHa&;avmurSm 0ifrpGufeJU? 0ifpGuf&if EkdifiHysufvdrfhr,f\/ 3\/ EkdifiHa&;orm;awGuEkdifiHa&;tmPmeJU? pD;yGm;a&;orm;awGukd tpGrf;ukeful\/ 4\/ pm;0wfaea&;? ynma&;? usef;rma&;? tp&SDwJh vlrIa&; tqifhtwef;awGudk EkdifiHa&;orm;awGu jrihfwif ay;Ekdifatmif pD;yGm;a&;orm;awGu EkdifiHa&;orm;awGudk tpGrf;ukefpD;yGm;&Smay;\/ tcef; 28 taemufEKdifiHom;awGu OD;EkeJUawGUwJhtcg ArmEkdifiHrSm 'Drkdua&pd tjrpfwG,fEkdifyghrvm;vkdU ar;avh&SdMuw,f\/ 'Dvkdar;wJhtcgwkdif; bmjzpfvkdU rwG,f&rSmvJ? wG,fr,fvkdU OD;Eku tNrJwrf;ajzw,f\/ o&ufaphu o&ufyifjzpfNyD; o&ufoD;oD;vmatmif vkyf&wJh udwfp uav;rsKd;rSmawmif csufcsif; ratmifjrifbl;\/ ESpftawmfMumMum apmihf&w,f\/ 'drkdua&pD tjrpfwG,fatmif vkyf&wJh udwfp[m o&ufoD;oD;vmatmif vkyf&wJh udwfpxuf tqaygif;rsm;pGm rEIdif;,SOfomatmif ykdcufw,f\/ 'Dudwfp[m tckcsufcsif;atmifjrifEkdifwJhudwfpr[kwfbl;\/ taemufbufu EkdifiHawGrSmbJjzpfjzpf ta&SUbufu EkdifiHawGrSmbJ jzpfjzpf? 'drkdua&pD[m a&S;wkef;uvnf;? cyfvG,fvG,f cyfjrefjref tjrpfrwG,fcJhbl;\/ tckvnf; cyfvG,fvG,f? cyfjrefjref tjrpfrwG,fbl;\/ aemifukdvnf; cyfvG,fvG,f cyfjrefjref tjrpfwG,frSm r[kwfbl;\/ tJ'gaMumifh 'drkdua&pDudk tjrpfwG,fvmatmif vkyfay;csifwJhvlawG[m ? ZGJaumif;aumif;eJU pdwf&Snf&Snf xm;NyD; vkyf&rSmbJ?","'Drkdua&pD tjrpfwG,fatmif vkyf&wJhtvkyfrSm t\\\"dutydkif;MuD; ESpfykdif;&Sdw,f\/ wyfkdi; 'drkdua&pdtef'&m,f jzpfvmEkdifwJh yk*kdvfawGudk tjrifrSef&vmatmif vkyfay;&wJhtykdif;jzpfw,f\/ wjcm;wykdif;uawmh jynfolvlxkMuD;w&yfvkH;[m 'Drkdua&pD udk toufay;NyD;umuG,fwJh ppfom;aumif;awG jzpfatmif vkyfay;&wJhtykdif;jzpfw,f\/ tef'&m,f jzpfvmEkdifwJhyk*kdvfawGqkdwm b,folawGvJ\/ 'Drkdua&pD tjrpfwG,fatmif vkyfay;ae&wJh EkdifiH awGrSm tMur;ftm;jzifh tef'&m,f okH;rsKd;okH;pm; jzpfay:vmEkdifp&m taMumif;&Sdw,f\/ tJ'DokH;pm;udk tckvdk azmfjycsifw,f\/ 1\/ wcsKdUEkdifiHa&;orm;awG[m tpwkef;uawmh a&G;aumufyGJeJU tmPm&vmolawGygbJ?'gayrJU wjznf;jznf; Mumvmawmh olwkdU&UJ ukd,fusihfw&m; ysufjym;rIaMumifhbJjzpfjzpf? olwkdU&JU nHhzsif;rIaMumifhbJjzpfjzpf? ESpfckpvkH;aMumifhbJjzpfjzpf? jynolvlxku olwkdUtay:rSm tMunfndKysufvmMuw,f\/ a&G;aumufyGJ vkyf&if olwkdU {uef &IH;awmhrSmbJqkdwmudk odwhJtcg 'dtmPm& EdkifiHa7;orm;awG[m taMumif;trsdK;rsKd; jyNyD; a&G;aumufyGJudk a&TUqkdif;ypfwwfMuw,f\/ tu,fa&GU 'Dvkd a&TUqkdif;ypfvkdUr&awmhwJh a&G;aumufyGJ vkyf&awmhr,f qkdjyef&ifvnf; olwkdU tEkdif&atmif npfywfwJhenf;rsKd;pkHudkokH;wwfw,f? tJ'D npfywfwJhenf;awGuvnf; olwkdUudk ru,fEkdifawmhbJ a&G;aumufyGJrSm olwkdU &IH;oGm;&if jynfolvlxk&JU ttqkH;tjzwfudk 'DEkdifiHa&;orm;awG vufrcHbl;\/ vufeufukdifwyfawGudk tvGJokH;pm;vkyfNyD; 'DvlawG[m tmPmodr;fwwfw,f\/ tJ'DEkdifiHa&;orm;awG[m yxr tef'&m,fjzpfw,f\/ 2\/ wcsKdUEkdifiHa&;orm;awG&Sdw,f\/ olwkdUrSm t&nftcsif;vnf;r&Sd? ukd,fusifhw&m;vnf;r&SdwJhtwGuf jynfolvlxk MunfnKdrIudk b,ftcgurS olwkdUr&cJhMubl;\/ aemifvnf; &bkdU taMumif;r&Sdbl;\/ tJ'DekdifiHa&;orm;awG[m 'Drkdua&pDukd ykwfcwfr,f\/ 'Drkdua&pD t&usif;yay;&wJh a&G;aumufyGJpepfudk olwkdU &IHUcsr,f\/ aemufNyd;awmhrS olwkdUaxmufcHrJh EkdifiHjcm;tpdk;&awGqDu olwkdUtmPmodr;fzkdU tultnDawmif;NyD;olykefxr,f\/ tJ'DEkdifiHa&;orm;awG[m 'kwd, tef'&m,f jzpfw,f\/ 3? wcsKdU ppfAkdvfawG[m avmuDom;awGjzpfwJhtwkdif; EkdifiHa&;orm;awGudk wjznf;jznf; tm;usvmNyD; tmPmvdkcsifMujyefw,f\/ olwkdU&JUvufxJrSm vufeuftjynfhtpkH&SdwmaMumifh 'DppfAkdvfawGtwGuf tmPmodr;f&wm[m a&G;aumufyGJrSm vlxkqDu tmPUmodr;f&wmxuf ykdNyd; vG,faew,f\/ 'g[m wwd,tef'&m,f jzpfw,f\/","vGwfvyfNyD;cgp 'Drkdua&pDtjrpf rwG,fao;wJh EkdifiHrsdK;awGrSm vlxka&m acgif;aqmifawGyg? 'Drkdua&pd&JU wefbkd;udk aoaocsmcsm oabmraygufao;bl;\/ 'Drkdua&pDr&Sd&if jynfolvlxk[m b,favmuf 'kufca&mufr,fqkdwm ukdvnf; olwkdU aumif; aumif; rawG;Ekdifao;bl;\/ vufeufeJU tmPmvkwJh pepfqkd; [m tjrpfwG,fvm&if EkdifiH[m b,favmufepfemr,fqkdwmudkvnf; olwkdU arQmfrMunhfwwfao;bl;\/ EkdifiHjcm;rSm wynhfcH&wm[m vlU*kPfodufcg udk b,favmufxdckdufw,f \/rsKd;cspfpdwfwkdU ? ZmwdaoG;Zmwdrmef wkdU[m b,favmuf jrifhjrwfw,fqkdwmudk vnf; olwdkU rpOf;pm;wwfao;bl;\/ ppfwyfqkdwm[m EkdifiHa&;xJrSm ryg&ao;bl;qdkwJ hxkH;wr;fpOfvmuvJ tJ'DEkdifiHawGrSm rckdifjrJao;bl;\/ tJ'gaMumifh vGwfvyfNyd;cgp 'Drkdua&pd tjrpfrwG,fao;wJhEkdifiHrSm 'dtef'&m,fawG[m wu,ftxift&Sm;&Sdaew,f\/ 'Drkdua&pD tjrpfwG,fatmif vkyfay;&rJhvkyfief;awGxJrSm tykdif;MuD; 2ykdif; &SdwJHtxJu 'Drkdua&pd&JU tef'&,fawGjzpfvmEkdifwJh yk*kdvfawGudk tjrifrSefatmifvkyfay;&r,f qkdwJh yxrtykdif;[m jynfolvlxkudk 'Drkdua&pD wnfwefU ckdifNrJa&;twGuf toufay;NyD; wkdufMurJh ppfom;aumif;awGjzpfatmif vkyfay; &rJh 'kwd,tykdif;xuf ydkcufw,f\/ 'gayr,hf cufw,fqkdNyd; vufykdufMunfhaevkdU rjzpfbl;\/ 'Dtef'&m,fawG[m 'Drkdua&pDudk zsufqD;ypfEkdifwJhtwGuf 'Drkdua&pD bufawmfom;awG[m uRrf;uRr;fusifusif vdrfvdrfrmrm owfwd&Sd&SD ZGJaumif;aumif;eJU 'Djyoemukd ajz&Sif;ay;&r,f\/ 'Dvkd ajz&Sif;wJhae&mrSm wjcm;vkdtyfwJh udwfpawGudk vkyfay;wJhtjyif tef'&m,f jzpfvmEkdifp&m taMumif;awG&SdaewJh yk*kdvfawGudk 'Drkdua&pD tjrpfwG,fNyd;om; EkdifiHawGeJU tmPm&SifEkdifiHawGudk tpkd;&p&dwfeJU ykdUay;&r,f\/ 'Dyk*kdvfawG[m tJ'DEkdifiHrSmwjcm;tcsufawGtjyif 1? tpkd;&u wkdif;oljynfom;rsm;udk b,fvkdtkyfcskKyfw,f\/ 2? wkdif;oljynfom;awGrSm vlUrlvtcGifhta&; b,favmuf&Sdw,f\/ 3? 'dtcGifhta&;awGudk xdckdufvm&if jynfolvlxk[m bmawGvkyfw,f\/] 4\/ jynfolvlxk&JU pm;0wfaea&;tqifhtwef;[m b,favmufxdjrifhw,f\/ b,favmuftxd edrhfw,f\/ 5? jynfolvlxk[m ukd,fa&mpdwfyg b,favmuftxd csr;fomw,fqkdwJh tcsufawGudk avhvmMu&r,f\/ aemufNyD;awmhvnf; 'Drkdua&pDEkdifiHawGrSm EkdifiHa&;orm;awG[m tmPm&vmwJhtcgrSmvnf; odyfNyD;pGmus,fus,f rvkyf&Jbl;\/ olwkdUudk","twkduftcH tzGJU ? owif;pm? vTwfawmf? Oya'qkdwmawGu xdef;ay;xm;w,f\/ tmPmvufvTwfNyD; &mxl;ujyKwfusoGm;wJhtcgrSmvnf; 'kufc a&mufroGm;bl;\/ tm;ukd;&mrJh jzpfraebl;\/ tmPmvufudkifxm;olawG&JU ESdyfpufwmudk rcH&bl;\/ olwdkUrSm owif;pm\/ vTwfawmf? Oya' tp&SdwJh tm;udk;p&mawG&Sdaew,f\/ tmPm&SifEkdifiHawGrSm EkdifiHa&;orm;awG[m tmPm&wJhtcg odyfpGmus,fpGmus,f vkyfw,f\/ npfywfw,f\/ ukd,fusihfw&m;awG odyfysufw,f\/ tpu ukef;aumufp&mawmifr&SdwJh tmPm&SifMuD; tmPUm&Sifav;awG[m aeUcsif;ncsif; olaX;MuD;awG olaX;uav;awGjzpfukefw,f\/ olwdkUudk xdef;ausmif; ay;rJU twdkuftcH tzGJUvnf; r&Sdbl;\/ owif;pmvnf; r&Sdbl;\/ vTwfawmfvnf; r&Sdbl;\/ Oya'vnf; r&Sdbl;\/ 'Drkdua&pD EkdifiHawGeJU tmPm&SifEkdifiHawGudk a&mufwJhtcg tckajymcJhwJhtcsufawG[m b,favmuftxdrSefw,f? rrSefbl;qkdwmudkvnf; 'Dyk*kdvfawG[m txl;ta&;ay;NyD; avhvmcJhMu&r,f\/ 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek 'kwd,tMudrftmPmtodr;frcH&rDu NAdwdoQaumifpD&JU em,u ArmEkdifiHudk tvnfvmzl;w,f\/ tJ'Dem,uu EkdifiHa&;orm;wcsKdUudk bdvyfzdwfcsifw,fvkdU ajymwJhtwGuf OD;Ek[m bdvyfoGm;rJhtzGJUxJrSm 'Drkdua&pDaxmufcHwJh EkdifiHa&;orm;awGa&muefUuGufaewJh EkdifiHa&;orm;awGyg xnfhay;vkdufw,f\/ tJ'dtzGJU ArmEkdifiH udk jyefa&mufvmwJhtcg wacgufwnf;eJUbJ tusKd;&Sdw,fqkdwmudk OD;Ek awGUcJh&bl;w,f\/ wcgwkef;u AkdvfcsKyfae0if;tpkd;& [m armfpudk udk uGefjrLepf0g' toJpGJ ,kHMunfaewJh wufuodkvf u xduwOD; vTwfvkdufzl;w,f\/ tJ'Duxdu[m armfpudkrSm 3ESpfavmufMumw,f? Armjynfudk jyefvmwJHtcg bdvyfu vSJUjyefw,f\/ tJ'DrSm olUwynfha[mif;wOD;eJU awGUwJhtcg- ArmuGefjrLepfawGudk tpGJjzKwfcsif&if bmrSrvkyfeJU? armfpudkudkom vTwfvkdufayawmhvkdU tJ'DtxJu olUwynhfa[mif;udk 0rf;xJu vIdufvIdufvSJvSJ jzpfvmwJh toHMuD;eJU ajymoGm;cJhw,f\/ 'drkdua&pDtwGuf toufay;NyD; umuG,fr,fh ppfom;aumif;awGjzpfvmatmif jynfolvlxkudk vkyfay;bkdUqkdwJh 'kwd,tykdif;udk taumiftxnfazmfwJhtcg EkdifiHa&;acgif;aqmiftrsdK;rsKd;[m olwkdU MudKuf&m enf;trsKd;rsKd;udk okH;MurSmygbJ\/ 'DudwfpeJU ywfoufNyD; 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m b,fvkd vkyfcJhw,fqkdwm udk 'Dae&mrSm tusOd;csKyfavmuf azmfjyyg&ap\/ 1948 ckESpf? 1949 ckESpfawGwkef;uolykefa7mifpkHawGaMumifh","jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiH[m jydKusysufpD;&awmhrJh tajctaexd pkdufa&mufcJh&w,fqdkwmudk pmzwfolwkdU aumif;aumif;rSwfrdMuygvdrfhr,f\/ tJ'dvkd tifrwef qkd;0g;aewJhtcsdefrSm0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m tcsuf7csufygwJh 'Drkdua&pDoabmw&m;duk yifyrf;&rSef;rodbJ rem;raeeJU ZJGaumif;aumif;eJU a[m avh&Sdw,f\/ 'dtcsuf 7csuf[m atmufygtwkdif;jzpfw,f\/ 1? EkdifiHwEkdifiH[m vlwpkuom ykdifwJh ypfpnf; r[kwfbl;\/ EkdifiHolEkdifiHom;wkdif;tm;vkH; pkaygif;NyD;ydkifwJh tm;vkH;ykdifypfpnf;jzpfw,f\/ 2\/ 'DvkdykdifwmaMumifh EkdifiHolEkdifiHom;vlrsm;pku MunfMunfjzLjzL a&G;aumufwifajrmufjcif;udk cH&wJh yk*dkvf (okdUr[kwf) tzGJUuomvQif 'Dwkdif;jynfudk tkyfcsKyfEkdifcGifh&Sdw,f\/ 3? tkyfcsKyfwJhtcg xifovkd t&r;ftkyfcsKyfvkdUr&bl;\/ jynfolvlxku MunfMunfjzLjzL a&G;aumufwifajrmufxm;wJh trwfawGu a&;qGJNyD;twnfjyKjyXmef;xm;wJh Oya't&om tkyfcsKyf&r,f? 4? jynfolvlxk[m *kPfodufcg &SdwJhvlawGvkdaeEkdifatmif vGwfvyfpGm a[majymcGifh? udk;uG,fcGifh? pD;yGm;&SmcGifh? zdESdyfcsKyfcs,frIrsm;udk Oya't& wdkufzsufykdifcGifh tp&SdwJh jynfolvlxkw&yfvkH;&JU arG;&myg rlv tcGihfta&;rsm;udk ckdifckdifvkHvkH tmrcHxm;wJh Oya'awG&Sd&r,f\/ 5\/ t&G,fa&mufolwkdif; rJay;ykdifcGifh&SD&r,f\/ 6\/ jynfolvlxk trsm;pk&JUaxmufcHrIukdr&wJh tpkd;&tzGJU[m tvkdtavsmuf &mxl;uEIwfxGufay;&r,f\/ 7\/ tckajymcJhwJh t\\\"dutcsufawGudk vufcHEkdifwJh oabmw&m;[m w&m;rQwjcif; ? vGwfvyfjcif;\/ nDrQjcif; qkdwJhavmuygvw&m;awGudk tajccHxm;wJh oabmw&m;jzpfw,f\/ 'Doabmw&m;udk 'Drkdua&pD vkdUac:w,f\/ 'Drkdua&pD r&SdwJh EkdifiHawGrSm vljzpf&wm[m a*G;oif;cHxm;&wJh EGm;jzpfwmeJUtwlwlygbJ? tJ'gaMumifh 'Drkdua&pDudk zsufqD;olrSeforQ udk rkcs cHcs&r,f\/ jynfolvlxk&JU toJxJudk pGJNyD;0ifoGm;atmif 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m 'D7csufudk enf;trsKd;rsKd;eJU a[m ajymNyD; xyfcgwvJvJ &dkufoGif;ay;cJhw,f\/ OD;Ek[m tckvkd a[majym&kHeJU rauseyfao;bl; \/ 'D7csufukd pm&Gufpmwr;f awG &kdufNyD;a0w,f\/ 'D7csuftay:rSDxm;wJh jyZmwfwyk'fudk olukd,fwkdifa&;NyD; wEkdifiHvkH;udk a0w,f\/ zwfpmtkyftjzpfeJU ausmif;awGrSm toifckdif;w,f\/ tJ'DjyZmwfudk &kyf&Sif&kdufNyD; vSnf;aeavSatmif; jrif;aZmif;rusef jynfaxmifpkom;rSeforQudk tcrJhjyw,f\/ 'Dtcsuf 7 csufudk ulnDjzefUcsDay;wJhtaeeJU Armhowif;pmwkdufwkdufu","OD;Eka&;wJh jyZmwfudk umwGef;tjzpfeJU a&;qGJNyD; owif;pmxJrSmvnf; xnfhay;w,f\/ umwGef;pmtkyftjzpfeJUvnf; jzefUcsDay;w,f? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m ausmif;awGrSm jyZmwftjzpfeJU oifay;wJhtjyif 'D 7 csufudk wjcm;enf;rsKd;pkHeJU oifay;zdkUvnf; pdwfuk;rdygao;w,f\/ aemufNyD;awmhvnf; 'D 7 csufudk aqG;aEG;rJh aqG;aEG;yGJawG wEkdifiHvkH;rSm vkyfay;zkdU? 'D 7 csufudk rSDNyD;a &;xm;wJh uAsmjydKifyGJ awG? yef;csDjyyGJawG? umwGef;jydKifyGJawG wekdifiHvkH;rSm vkyfay;bkdU pdwful;rdygao;w,f\/ 'gayrJh pdwful;awGudk taumiftxnfazmfay;r,fh tzGJUtpnf;r&SdwmaMumifh OD;Ek[m 0r;feJpGmeJUbJ tJ'Dtcgwkef;uvufavQmhay;cJh&w,f\/ 'Dtcsuf 7 csufudk jynfolvlxk&JU toJxJrSm pGJoGm;atmif vkyfay;Ekdif&if jynfolvlxk[m 'Drkdua&pd tay:rSm jyif;jyif;jyjy ,kHMunfvmvdrfhr,f\/ 'Dvkd ,kHMunfvmwJh jynfolvlxk[m 'Drkdua&pDudk zsufvkdzsufqD; vkyfwJhvlawG ay:vm&if vufykdufMunfhaerSmr[kwfbl; olwkdUwwfEkdifwJhenf;eJU wckckawmhvkyfrSmbJ\/ tEken;feJU vkyfEkdif&if tekenf;eJU vkyfr,f\/ tMurf;enf;eJU vkyfEkdif&if tMurf;enf;eJU vkyfr,f \/ 'Dtwkdif;rSefw,fqkdwmudk 1948 eJU 1949 ckESpfawGwkef;u 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ekukd,fwkdif xifxif&Sm;&Sm;awGUcJh&w,f\/ tJ'DESpfawGwkef;u olykefa&mifpkHawG&JU 0kdif;ESufwJh 'Pfudk ocifEktpkd;& rcHEkdifygbl;vkdU jynfwGif;a&m jynfyrSmyg vlyk*kdvf tcsKdU edrdwf zwfcJhMuw,f r[kwfbl;vm;\/ ArmEkdifiH[m a&mifpkHolykefawG&JU vufwGif;udk oufqif;rSmygbJvkdU 'DvlawG a[mudef;trsKd;rsKd; xkwfcJhMuzl;ao;w,fr[kwfvm;\/ tJ'dvkd edrdwftrsKd;rsKd; zwfwJhMum;xJu a[mudef;awG xkwfaewJhMum;xJu ocifEktpkd;&axmifwufvmatmif vkyfay;vkdufwJh taMumif;awGxJrSm jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEkdifiH[m a*smufxJusroGm;bJ vGwfajrmufvmatmif vkyfay;wJh taMumif; awGxJrSm 'Drkdua&pD udk jrwfEkd;MuwJh jynfolvlxk&JU wwfEkdifwJhbufu 0kdif;0ef;ulnDrI awG[m &mckdifEIH; tawmfrsm;rsm; ygw,f\/ 'DtjzpftysufawGudk ukd,fwkdifjrifawGU&NyD; 'Drkdua&pD&JU wefckd;eJU tiftm;tay:rSm OD;Ek &JU ,kHMunfrIawG[m a&S;uxuf tqaygif;rsm;pGmykdjyif;vmw,f\/ 'dvkd jyif;xefvmwmaMumifh 1954 ckESpfavmufu ppfwufuodkvf zGifhyGJrSm OD;Ek 'DvkdausnmcJhzl;w,f\/ rmcfpf0g'orm;awG u ubmMuD;rSm aemufqkH;wkdufyGJ[m \\\"e&SifeJU ypfpnf;rJU vlwef;pm;awG&JU wkdufyGJjzpf&r,f\/ tJ'DwkdufyGJrSm ypfpnf;rJh vlwef;pm awGu Ekdif&r,fvkdU a[mudef;awG xkwfMuw,f\/ 'g[m rrSefbl;\/ 'DubmMuD;rSm","aemufqkH;wkdufyGJ[m 'Drkdua&pDukd cspfjrwfEkd;wJh jynfolvlxkeJU 'DvkdcspfjrwfEkd;wJh jynfolvlxkudk a*G;oif;xmwJh EGm; awGvkd jzpfatmif zdESdyfcsKyfcs,fxm;wJh tmPm&Sif awG wkdufMuwJh wkdufyGJbJ jzpf&r,f\/ tJ\\\"daemufqkH;wkdufyGJrSm 'drkdua&pDudk cspfjrwfEkd;wJh jynfolvlxku {uefrvGJ atmifyGJcH&r,fvkdU 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Eku twdtvif; tjyif;txef MuKH;0g;cJhbl;w,f\/ 'DrQavmuf wefckd;&Sdw,fvdkU ol,kHMunfaewJh 'Drkdua&pD[m jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiHrSm tjrpfwG,fatmif vkyfzkdU OD;Ek[m ESpfMudrfwkdifwkdif MudK;pm;cJhzl;w,f\/ yxrtMudrf[m 1950 jynhfESpfavmufrSm pw,fxifw,f\/ 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek[m tJ'D yxrtMudrf MudK;yrf;csuftaeeJU 'Drkdua&pD oabmw&m; jzefUcsDa&; toif; udk xlaxmifay;cJhw,f\/ 'Dtoif;[m &HykHaiGtwGuf jynfolvlxkqDu tvSL cHw,f\/ 0efMuD;csKyf oabmtwkdif; okH;EkdifwJh &HykHaiGxJu tenf;tusOf; xkwf,lNyD;awmh vnf; OD;Ek[m 'Dtoif;udk axmufyHhw,f\/ 'gayrJh 'Dtoif;rSm tcsdefjynfhtvkyfvkyfEkdifwJH tvkyform;awG r&SdwJHtwGuf 0efMuD;csKyfeJU 'Drkdua&pDrSm jyif;jyif;xefxef pdwf0ifpm;olwpk tm;vyfcGifh&wJhtcgrsdK;rSm bJ 'dtoif;rSm vIyf&Sm;rI&Sdawmfhw,f\/ tJ'gaMumifh 0efMuD;csKyfarQmfrSef;xm;wJhtwkdif; 'Drkdua&pD tjrpfwG,fa&;twGuf wGifwGifus,fus,f tvkyfrvkyfEkdifcJhbl;\/ 1958ckESpxJrSm OD;Ek[m yxrtMudrftmPm todrf;cH&wJhtcg 'Dtoif;vnf; ysufusoGm;cJh&w,f\/ 'Dvkdtoif;rsKd;OD;Ek[m 'kwd,tMudrf xlaxmif&atmif b,fvkdMudK;pm;cJh&w,fqkdwm aemuftcef;wcka&mufrSbJ qufajymygawmhr,f\/ tcef; (29) OD;Ek[m 0efMuD;csKyftjzpfeJU EkdifiHawmfrsm;rsm;udk tvnfoGm;cJhzl;w,f? tJ'DEkdifiHawGxJu wcsKdUEkdifiHawGrSm OD;Ek[m b,folawGeJU awGUcJhw,f? b,frdefUcGef;awGajymcJhw,f? bmawGaqG;aEG;cJhw,f? bmawGvkyfcJhw,fqkdwmudk eJeJpDavmuf tusOf;csKyfNyD; 'Dtcef;rSm az:jycsifw,f? tdEd,jynf udkEkwufuodkvfausmif;om;b0wkef;u face=WinKalaw yef pfae&l;m &efuefudk tvnfvmzl;w,f? tJ'Dwkef;u udkEk[m face=WinKalaw y@pfae&l;tem;udk csOf;uyfcGifhr&bl;? cyfvSrf;vSrf;u jrifvkduf&zl;wmygbJ? face=WinKalaw y@pfae&l;m awmfawmfynmwwfw,f? awmfawmfacsmw,f?","awmfawmfowfwd&dSw,f? awmfawmf udk,fusifhw&m;aumif;w,f? wkdif;jynfeJU trsKd;twGuf pGefUpm;w,f? jynfolvlxk&JU NunfnKdrIudk awmfawmfcHcJh&w,fqkdwJh *kPfowif;awG[m ArmEkdifiHudk face=WinKalaw y@pfae&l;ra&mufcifuwnf;u MudKNyD;a&mufaew,f? 1947 ckESpftwGif; AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef; usqHk;NyD; ocifEk0efMuD;csKyf jzpfvmw,f? tJ'Daemufrsm;rNumrD ocifEk? OD;AaqG? OD;wifxGwfwkdU tdEd,udkoGm;Nuw,f? tJ'DtcgrSm ocifEk[m face=WinKalaw y@pfae&l;udk yxrqHk;tMudrf awGU&w,f? ynmwwfwJh? owfwd&dSwJh? udk,fusifhw&m;aumif;wJh wkdif;jynfeJUtrsKd;twGufpGefUpm;wJh yk*dKvfawGudk cspfcifav;pm; NunfnkdwwfwJh 0goem? ocifEkrSm&dSwJhtwkdif;? ocifEk[m face=WinKalaw y@pfae&l;udk tJ'DyxrtacgufrSm uwnf;u txl; cspfcifav;pm; NunfndkoGm;w,f? tckvkd cspfcifav;pm; NunfndkoGm;wJhtwGuf ocifEk[m teJqHk; wESpfwMudrfavmuf e,l;a'vDudk tvnfoGm;w,f? EkdifiHwum qufqHa&; tpOftvmt& EkdifiHwEkdifiH&JU orwjzpfap? 0efMuD;csKyfjzpfap? 0efMuD;wOD;OD;jzpfap? wjcm;EdkifiHudkoGm;csif&if tJ'DEdkifiHjcm;tpdk;&JU cGifhjycsufudkawmif;qkdNyD; cGifhjyKwJhaeUrSm oGm;&w,f? tdEd,udk tvnfoGm;wJh tcgrSmawmh 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek[m tJ'Dvkd rvkyfbl;? ol[me,l;a'vDudk b,faeUb,fvrf;u vmr,fqkdwm 0efMuD;csKyf ae&l;qDudk pma&;NyD;oGm;vkdufwmbJ? 0efMuD;csKyfOD;Ek[m e,l;a'vDudka&mufwJhtcg yxrtMudrfrSmbJ orwtdrfawmfrSm wnf;&w,f? aemuftMudrfawGusawmh OD;Ekudk face=WinKalaw y@pfae&l;m olUtdrfrSmbJxm;w,f? r[wfwr*ED Armjynfudk tvnfvmpOfu OD;Ek[m q,fwef;ausmif;om;bJ&dSao;w,f? tJ'gaNumifh r[wfwr*EDudkvnf; face=WinKalaw y@pfae&l;vkdbJ udkEk[m tJ'Dtcgwkef;u cyfa0;a0;u vSrf;jrifvkduf&zl;w,f? 0efMuD;csKyftjzpfeJU tdENd,udk yxrqHk;tacguf oGm;awmhrSbJ? face=WinKalaw y@pfae&l;udk awGUNyD;wJhaemuf OD;Ek[m r[wfwr*EDudk e,l;a'vDu olaewJh bm;vm; (Birla House) tdrfrSm teD;uyfNyD; tav;jycGifh &w,f? OD;EkawGUwJh tcsdef[m reuf(9)em&Davmuf&dSNyD; tJ'DtcsdefrSm r[wfwr*ED[m bm;vm;tdrf0if;twGif;u uGufvyfwckrSm yufvufukvm;xkdifay:xkdifNyD; aeylpm vIHaew,f? OD;EkwkdUeJU awGUwJhtcg bdvyfrSm 0wfvHkynmoifaepOfu Arm0wfvHkausmif;om; wOD;eJUawGUcJhzl;wJhtaNumif; 'Dausmif;om;[m tvGefowfwd&dSwJhtaNumif;? NumNyDjzpfwJhtaNumif;? tJ'D Armausmif;om;&JU emrnfudk","arhaeNyDjzpfwJhtaNumif;awGudk r[wfwr*EDuajymjyw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm r[wfwr*ED[m 0g;eJU,ufxm;wJh carmufuav;wvHk;udk aqmif;xm;w,f? tJ'Dcarmufudk EkdtmumvDqdkwJh&Gmu &Gmom;awGuvufaqmifay;wmvdkU r[wfwr*EDuajymw,f? EdktmumvDqdkwJh&GmrSm [dEL-rGwfpvif t\\\"du&kPf; jzpfw,f? vlawGtawmfaow,f? r[wfwr*EDudk,fwkdif tJ'D&GmrSm oGm;NyD;aeawmhrS t\\\"du&kPf;u NyD;oGm;w,f? OD;EkuvJ tJ'Dvkd carmufwvHk; vSLyg&apvkdUajymwJhtcg r[wfwr*EDu oabmwlw,f? tJ'DaNumifh OD;Ek[m Armjynfudk jyefa&mufa&mufjcif; t&yf&yfu carmufrsKd;pHkukd erlemtjzpfrSm Nunfhw,f? &Srf;jynfu ydkUvkdufwJh &Srf;carmufukd odyfMudKufwmeJU tJ'Dcarmufudk OD;Eka&G;vkdufw,f? aemuf(2)&ufavmufNum;wJhtcg tJ'D carmufudk,lNyD; r[wfwr*EDudk olUudk,fpm;vSLzkdU OD;Ek[m twkdifyifcHt&m&dS OD;tkef;udk vTwfvdkufw,f? OD;tkef;pD;oGm;wJh av,mOfysH[m e,l;a'vDudk qkdufcgeD;rSm vlrormwOD;&JU vufcsufeJU usqHk;oGm;&&SmNyDqkdwJh aNuuGJ0rf;eJzG,f 0g,mvufpf owif;w&yfudk OD;tkef;Num;&w,f? r[wfwr*ED uG,fvGeftedpa&mufNyD;aemufwaeUrSm? 0efMuD;csKyf OD;Ek[m AE<Kvyef;NcHxJrSm vlxktpnf;ta0;wck ac:vkdufw,f? tJ'Dtpnf;ta0;rSm r[wfwr*EDMuD; usqHk;oGm;wJhtwGuf aNuuGJ0rf;eJwJhtqkdudk oludk,fwkdif wifoGif;w,f? tJ'Daemuf r[wfwr*EDMuD;twGuf trSwfw&tjzpfeJU wckck xlaxmifxm;bkdU tqkdudkvnf; OD;Ek udk,fwkdif wifoGif;w,f? tJ'D 'kwd,tqkdudk taumiftxnf az:bdkUtwGuf aumfrwDwckzGJUw,f? tJ'DaumfrwDu &HyHkaiGaumufcHwJhtcg OD;Ek[m oludk,fwdkifvnf; xnfhw,f? tJ'D aumfrwDeJU oludk,fwkdif wwfEdkifoavmufvdkufNyD;awmhvnf; &HyHkaiGaumufcHay;w,f? &HyHkaiG (5)odef;ausmfavmuf&wJhtcg 'DaumfrwD[m &efukefwkdif; (Rangoon Times) owif;pmtaqmuftOD;udk 0,fw,f? tJ'DtaqmuftOD;udk jynfolUaxmufyHha&;Xmeu *dka'giftjzpfodrf;xm;w,f? aumfrwDu OD;EkqDrSm tultnDawmif;wJhtcg *dka'giftjzpf odrf;xm;wJhtrdefUudk y,fzsufNyD; aumfrwD&JUvufxJudk taqmuftOD; vTJay;vkdufw,f? tJ'DtaqmuftOD;udk xdef;odrf;apmifha&SmufzkdU wm0efcH vlMuD;rsm;tzGJU (Board of Trustees) udk zGJUcgeD;wJhtcg tJ'Dwkef;u tdEd,oHtrwf[m OD;EkeJU vmawGUNyD;? wm0efcHvlMuD;rsm;tzGJUxJrSm OD;Ekudk &moufyefvlMuD;tjzpf xnfhxm;csifw,f? OD;Eku vufcHygvdkU arwm&yfcHw,f? OD;Ekvnf; oHtrwfvmNyD; arwm&yfcHwJhtwGuf oabmwlvufcHvkdufw,f?"]