Occupational Expansion Skills opj11002

1 The Essence of Occupational Performance Textbook Occupational Expansion Skills (OP11002) Primary Level Non-Formal Education Basic Curriculum of B.E. 2551 (Revised Edition B.E. 2554) Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education Office of the Permanent Secretary Ministry of Education Not for sale This textbook is published with a national budget allocated for the purpose of people’s lifelong learning. Copyright owned by the Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education, Office of the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Education.

2 The Essence of Occupational Performance Textbook Occupational Expansion Skills (OP11002) Primary Level New Edition B.E. 2554 Copyright owned by the Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education, Office of the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Education Academic Document No. 25/2555

3 Preface The Ministry of Education has proclaimed the use of Non-Formal Basic Education Curriculum of B.E. 2551 (A.D. 2008) on the 18th September, 2008 with an aim to replace the former principles and practices of the Non-Formal Basic Education Curriculum of B.E 2544 (A.D.2001) which was developed in accordance with the philosophical principles and basic beliefs pertaining to the conduct of the out-of-school learning programs for adult target learners whose learning practices are to accumulate their knowledge and learning experiences continuously. In the 2001 fiscal year, the Ministry of Education had set a strategic plan for mobilizing the educational policy in order to raise the capability and potentiality of the people in terms of their competitiveness in job performances that enable them to earn an affluent living constantly, perform with discipline, to have good morality and ethical behavior, and to be aware of self-performance and responsibility as well as to assist others concerned. In order to respond to the above-mentioned policy of the Ministry of Education, the Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education (ONIE) decided to reconsider the former Curriculum of B.E. 2551 in terms of its principles and aims, its standard and expected outcomes as well as particular substances of 5 groups of the learning essences to make them more compliant with and be responding to the new policies of the Ministry of Education. The reconsideration had contributed to the revision of non-formal education text books by adding an integration of more contents and essences of occupation, morality and virtue as well as integrating the issues concerning readiness and preparation for Thailand to join with the ASEAN community. In terms of development of the subject essences, the revision remains to keep the principle and procedures of the former text in which the learners are to do self-study, conduct learning activities, undertake tests to evaluate their own understanding, conduct group discussions to share knowledge and experiences among groups’ members and to acquire additional knowledge from local wisdom and from other sources of information.

4 The revision of this text book has received the generous support and collaboration from various experts and resource people as well as other concerned personnel who kindly provided useful information and data collection from various sources of knowledge to make the revision more meaningful. Their helpful information has made the new contents more relevant and appropriate to the learning standard and indicators of the expected outcomes of each subject essence. The Office of the Non-Formal and Informal Education (ONIE) wishes to express its sincere appreciation for their considerate concern and helpful cooperation. ONIE hopes that these new revised learning essences will be useful to the learners, the teachers or facilitators as well as other concerned staff personnel at all levels. The ONIE will be pleased to invite any advice and recommendations for the improvement of future issues. (Mr. Prasert Boonrueng) Secretary-General November 2011

5 Content Preface Textbook Instruction 7 The Structure of Occupational Skills for Elementary Level Chapter 1: Occupational Expansion Skills 9 Topic 1 Necessity for training occupation skills, Production Procedure, Technology and Innovative Marketing Process 10 Topic 2 Meaning and the Important of Occupation Management 14 Topic 3 Source of Learning and Place of Workhouse 20 Topic 4 Planning for Occupation Skills Training 25 Topic 5 Occupation Skills Training 28 Chapter 2: Business Planning Preparation for Occupation Expansion 34 Topic 1 Population Analysis 35 Topic 2 Vision, Mission, Target and Strategy for Business Community Planning 43 Topic 3 Operation Planning 47 Chapter 3: Operation and Service Management 51 Topic 1 Quality Control Management 52 Topic 2 Innovative Technology Production Application 59 Topic 3 Reducing cost of production or service 62 Chapter 4: Marketing Management 65 Topic 1 Marketing Management 66 Topic2 Marketing Management Proposal 73 Chapter 5: Business Driving for Occupational Expansion 78 Topic 1 Operation Planning Feasibility Determination 79 Topic 2 Operation Planning Improvement 82 Topic3 Business Driving Procedure 86 Topic 4 Complication, Challenges and Resolution 88 Chapter 6: The Structure of Occupational Expansion 94 Topic1 Project Significant 95 Topic2 Project Proposal Writing Procedure 98 Topic 3 Proposal Writing of Operation Planning 108

Topic 4 Project Verification 6 Bibliography 111 113

7 Textbook Instruction The Syllabus of Occupation Textbook, occupational expansion skills for elementary level have been provided for Non-Formal Education Student. Regarding to learning the syllabus of occupation textbook, occupational expansion skills and the learner should perform as following; 1. Learning and understanding the title of subject structure and subject matter. Learning to the standard of level, prospective result and scope of matter for each subject by clearly. 2. Learning the matter details of each lesson by thoroughly then follows and reviews according to activities. If you have incorrect answer, you should return to learn and understand to those matters again before continuing to the next lesson. 3. 3. The teacher should review the substantial of occupation skills matter for the learner to connect between each subject, in order to understand with occupation skills subject by continuously. 4. This textbook aim to learning management in the file of major procedure. It will provide the example of agriculture occupation but any other occupation could be applied. 5. This textbook have 6 lessons; 1. Occupational Expansion Skills 2. Business Planning Proposal for Occupational Expansion 3. Service and Operation Management 4. Marketing Management 5. Business Driving for Occupational Expansion 6. Occupational Expansion Structure

8 Structure of Occupational Expansion Skills Subject Matter Occupation skills can helps the entrepreneur to manage their selected occupation to achieve the goal which to be able to succeed the occupation, they need to have knowledge about the occupation skills business planning, service and production management, marketing management, business driving for occupation through the right occupation project preparation and proposal properly. 1. Explain the skills about operation procedure, technology and innovative marketing process for the selected occupation. 2. Acknowledge and appreciate for occupation skills training 3. Analyze the selected occupation skills 4. Describe the meaning and the subject matter of occupation 5. Proceed the business planning of operation and service 6. Acknowledge and appreciate for business approach by morally 7. Operate and plan to approaching occupation project Scope of subject matter Chapter 1 Occupational Expansion Skills Chapter 2 Business Planning Proposal Occupational Expansion Chapter 3 Operation and Service Management Chapter 4 Marketing Management Chapter 5 Business Driving for Occupational Expansion Chapter 6 Occupational Expansion Project Material Content of Learning 1. Document of knowledge 2. Document of project/ Worksheet 3. Source of learning for business management and marketing

9 Chapter 1 Occupational Expansion Skills Subject Matter Innovative technology operation and marketing procedure, investing occupation management system by apply intellectual knowledge. Survey the source of learning and skill training workhouse for business occupation. Occupation skills training plan. Indicator 1. Explain about the necessity of occupation skills training. Innovative technology operation and marketing procedure. 2. Describe the meaning, matter of occupation management and management system for occupation approach. 3. Survey source of learning and occupation training workhouse. 4. Planning for occupation skills training. 5. Occupation skills training. Scope of subject matter Topic 1 Necessity of occupation skills training, Innovative technology operation and marketing procedure Topic 2 Meaning and matter of occupation management Topic 3 Source of learning and occupation training workhouse Topic 4 Planning of occupation skills training Topic 5 Occupation skills training Material Content of Learning 1. Document of knowledge 2. Document of project/ Worksheet 3. Source of learning

10 Topic 1 Necessity of occupation skills training, Innovative technology operation and marketing procedure In term of all production for both of agriculture and industrial sector, operation and marketing process need to precede the activities simultaneously. Any production has to have a proposal or that work would have purchase order then the manufacturer will know the demand of size, quality, quantity and fair market price of product. In order to the manufacturer will be able to control cost of production contract. If the agriculturist will grow any plant, they need to learn and have the knowledge of that plant by correctly about market demand for that kind of plant, the weather, the season, the production quantity per farm, soil preparation, maintenance of plantation and the demand of composed fertilizer. Therefore the production and marketing process are not able to separate from each other. So, the manufacturer will able to produce the product as market demanding. Not grow any plant as they want or following the others then finding the demand which that cause to the problem of low cost products.

11 At the Sa-kwel province, agriculturist have grouping together to grow organic asparagus for exporting but the cause of growing cassava and corn for raising animal. So, they had got no any valuable price. Those agriculturists help each other to find the solution. Finally, they got the conclusion for growing the plant that has market demand. They made a study trip at Nakornprathom for learning about asparagus growing. After they got the concept and idea then they change from using chemical fertilizer and plant disease destroying substance to organism agriculture. Perform many instructions for growing asparagus and organic agriculture by other expert and lecturer in different field with inviting the firm that want to but their product. They have contracted for buying and selling, quality and quantity grading before growing, prepare the buying/ selling contract in advance for 3 times a year in order to assure their production for sales. Make a direct payment by transferring to their bank account for once a week. When they have performing in a meanwhile, there was a problem of composting agriculturist having no time to find the material for composting. So, they had corporate and set a team for composting. The fertilizer formulas have been created by agriculturist who have a lot of production then gather each of their knowledge to the group. Finally, they found the right fertilizer formulas for their asparagus. They had sent their fertilizer for nutrient analyzing, searching for Acid-Base Balance and etc at the office of horticultural research and improvement in Chanthaburi province. Reducing cost of fertilizer composting formerly is 300 kilogram per farm for 20 days’ time by using 20 kilogram to bath with 200 liter for 7-15 days. 100 kilogram using high crop dusting engine and press liquid giant into the soil, they can harvest their asparagus. Formerly they sow to the ground when they watering, it had gone away. Moral and qualification of productive occupation professor 1. Honesty to consumer 2. Maintain and improvement the quality of production 3. Not adulterate or counterfeit product 4. Not forestall or hoard goods 5. Not impose labor 6. Excellent and Professional on their own occupation 7. Affectionate on their own occupation, unfailing when having problem

12 8. Confident on themselves in order to making the decision to some circumstance in time. 9. Initiative and holding the good relationship. Moral and qualification of marketing occupation professor 1. Not Profiteer 2. Honesty and sincere to buyer 3. Not adulterate for making profit. 3. Not raise the price 5. Distribute the quality product 6. Distribute the standard product 7. Not forestall or hoard goods

13 Worksheet No.1 Describe one of any career or occupation in the local community that applied interesting innovation/ technology in production and marketing procedure

14 Topic 2 Meaning and the Important of Occupation Management The occupation means the job/ career sub-serve to the social or community by generate the expected income for living. Especially nowadays, there are many competitions. Every occupation needs to have the knowledge, ability, expertise for both of theory and practice. The success people on their own occupation, they have studied and searched for the new information from various sources for improving their knowledge and ability to be updated with the new revolution always. The successful occupation management needs to have many factors such as; 4. Searching of various sources of information document. 5. Radio, Television and Newspaper Medias. 6. Studying from sources of learning in that occupation. 7. Meeting with knowledgeable people in the community. 8. Testing and analyzing for occupation management Therefore, the important of occupation management need to be acknowledged of own knowledge, abilities, specializes, skills and have a suitable qualifications with that occupation. The management means the procedure of operation, to manage other people to accomplish the target by efficiency. The occupation management means the procedure of occupation’s activities management. Since the planning, organization managing, decision making, leading, controlling, performance updating in order to have the product or service as customer’s demand and to be acceptable from social community. The importance characteristics of occupation management 1. The initiation and creativity which could be happened if we are observant person and be able to gather many knowledge together, visionary, thoughtful, ingenious, modified things to become the originality product. There is originality, novelty and interesting. 2. Contribution is the very important characteristic for making the occupation to be successful.

15 3. Endurance, a person who is not easily surrender means the one who do anything by targeting to be success in advance. Ambitious to reach to the desired goal. Determine/ Concentrate and action seriously, even to be fail but did not discourage still, overcome obstacles and bring the failure experiences to be their lesson then improve to be better. 4. Being a self-confidence, dare to make thing to be happened by consider the following; 4.1 The right/ good information. 4.2 Learning/ Searching new information always 4.3 Be able to analyze and making decision from the data. 4.4 Gather the information and selected topic to be an idea for making the right decision. 5. Literate and up-to-date in the occupation by updating news and information. 6. Being a good communicator, because the communication for contacting to each other. Efficient communication bring to acceptable and operating as the communicator's expectation. On another hand, if there is any miscommunication will affect to the operation. 7. Making a good relationship is another important characteristic of entrepreneur, making a good relationship with the prospected clients and partners. Collaborator willing to working together. Keeping the good relationship is an opportunity to increasing the succeed business. 8. Taking a risk by reasonably, especially business investor have to taking a risk for investment and brave to making a decision. Make sure that it is a risk and decision that had been already checked and studied. 9. Honesty, all occupation need to be run by honesty in order to be trust of the clients and partners. 10. Responsibility, it is very important to have responsibilities to the occupation for both of customers, society and environment which that means morality.+ The important of occupation management. 1. Generating expected income for family and self living. 2. Be able to living in the social, once having a good occupation with morality. To be respected, honored and accredited by social is beneficial for family and society.

16 3. Have an available of full time working, spend available time to the most benefits. 4. The country economy will be growth when the people making an income by have a good occupation. It is a important part for developing the country which lead to increasing the average income of the population. 5. Have a better live of living as sufficient economy philosophy. The types of occupation There are various kinds of occupation and have a different kind of works. Selecting the occupation is based on the preferences of the individual, opportunity, specialist for that occupation by classified as following; 1. Production There are many variety for production, different kind of each occupation management which may be the entrepreneur or worker by classifying as follow; 1.1 The seller as the producer, who bring the raw material from the source of production to making the product. 1.2 The seller as middle man, who have enough capital for buying goods or product. Mostly in agriculture, will distribute the products to the merchant onward. 2. Service It is a high labor demand in the market. Due to the world's change of condition that have competition all the time, cause the people have spend less time and opportunity to their family. The occupation of service come to be replaced for doing the activities. In daily life, occupation of service taking less of investment but return high of income including be profession and to be acceptable of society. 3. Government and State Enterprises It is very stable for earning a regular income if the employee know how to spending and saving then they will be able save cost living as well. The important thing is to have the honesty, responsibility and affection to the occupation. Not create a disgrace to the organization. The example for this occupation is a teacher, soldier, policeman, nurse, doctor and government officer that

17 working in department of ministry, in government sector by receiving the salary as compensation from the tax payment of people. Therefore, government officer need to work by following the government policies with the willingness for education, improvement, management. Managing the occupation by following the sufficient economy philosophy. 1. Abstemious Method 2. Reasonable Method 3. Good Immunity Method under 2 conditions 1. Knowledge 2. Morality They are analyzed as following: Abstemious Method - Suitable with the financial statement - Suitable with capability/ labor - Related to knowledge and ability - Duration of work - The good location - Related to the environment of geography and society Reasonable Method - Financial Discipline - Motivate to the goal - have goal of living Good Immunity Method - Budget and saving - Adaptable to the environment - Stable for living life and for family - Healthy - Warm Family - Diligence, Patience and Commitment

18 Morality - Honesty and Morality Knowledge - Having wisdom for living - Following Dharma philosophy - Diligence and Patience - Not making trouble to ourselves and others/ Sharing - Know about related academy - Know about Income-Expense Analysis - Know about accounting - Have the Dharma philosophy for living

19 Worksheet No.3 Survey the occupation in the community, separating the gender as male - female and arrange in order with analyzing what and why some occupation have most and less people working.

20 Topic 3 Source of Learning and Place of Workhouse The Meaning of Source of Learning Source of Learning means sources of data, information and experience that support to learning people to study and self-directed learning. Motivating people to have a learning motivation and become a learner. The leaner center is the concept that emphasizing/ focusing on the learner's acquisition of knowledge. The important of Source of Learning 1. The source imagination and creativity supporting 2. The source of leisure learning. 3. The source of lifetime earning. 4. The source of knowledge’s, ideas, academics and experiences. 5. The source of reading indoctrination and self-directed learning. 6. The source of new occupation creative idea to the international. 7. The source of direct experience supporting 8. The source of friendship relation/ connection among the people in the community or indigenous knowledge people. The classification of learning sources. There are source of learning both of within and without community. These sources of learning can be classified in different ways which is the source of learning that are available in the nature and human creativity. 1. Natural resources such as atmosphere, environment, natural phenomenon, living things, forests, mountains, source of water/ sea, plants and animals, etc.

21 2. Human creating resources such as the community's way of life, indigenous knowledge occupation, tradition, culture, institution, ancient and historical monument, the important place, school library, class room, laboratory, audiovisual room, website multimedia room, internet room, green class house/ room, museum, botanical garden, health garden, herb garden, rock garden, literature garden, small park, butterfly garden, aquarium and etc. Intelligence of locality and indigenous knowledge means the knowledge of local people which came from their local experiences and intelligences. Including the knowledge from ancestry inherit to next generation. During succession, there were adjusted and modified until to created new knowledge as the situation of social, culture and environment changing. The wisdom of knowledge based on morality which related to the local's initial way of life. Local people life of living have not been separated but everything have been related, living as honest livelihood, peaceful co-existence and sharing, religion/ ritual ceremony and traditional. The knowledge would be the morality when the people use it as well as between people and people, human and nature or human and supernatural. The Northern Part: There is the indigenous knowledge of wood engraving. It's very deep, many dimension and complicated as a good performance which they pass on this knowledge vary widely by many various ways. The Northeast Part: There is the indigenous knowledge of silk weaving with various design based on different districts until the acceptable around the world. There is the market event as called OTOP or One Tampon One Product in each province. The Central Part: There are many conserving traditional cultures such as Thai traditional dramatic performance. Nowadays have many institutes of private and government supporting to this indigenous knowledge for children to learn and inherit onward. The Southern Part: There is the indigenous knowledge of local theatre of leather actor. They also making these leather as souvenir and gift, anyone who see they could recognize it that made from the southern part of Thailand.

22 Occupation Training Instituteion 1. The Karnchana Pisek Nonformal Education Center “Royal College”. This institution provide its service through several courses of 60 hrs occupation training such as; Basic Thai Design, Gems decoration on Cup & Dish, Flower arrangement, Snak, Fruit and Vegetable craving, Thai clay doll, Perfume, etc. The contact number; Tel. 02431-3623 Ext. 14 or Fax. 02431-3624 or www.nfe.go.th/0415 2. Bangkok Occupation Training Center there are 8 Occupation Training Centers in Bangkok, contact to; 2.1 Bangkok Occupation Training Center Wat Thammongkol, Tel. 02331 7573-4 2.2 Bangkok Occupation Training Center Lumpini Park, Tel. 02251 4849, 02251 5268 2.3 Bangkok Occupation Training Center Wat Vorachanyavas, Tel. 02292 0194 2.4. Bangkok Occupation Training Center Bangplad, Tel. 02423 2026 2.5 Bangkok Occupation Training Center Chatuchack 2 (Minburi) Tel. 02540 4375-6 2.6 Bangkok Occupation Training Center Wat Suthavas Bangkok Noi Tel. 02412 4611-2 2.7 Bangkok Occupation Training Center Chatuchak 1 Tel. 02272 4741, 02272 4742 2.8 Bangkok Occupation Training Center Ramkamhang University, Tel. 02369 2823-4 3. Provincial Skills Development and Training Center 4. Office of Promotion and Training Institute, Kasetsart University, Tel. 02942 8831 Some example of training institutions under private organization Each of institution may train various and different skills such as; 1. Matichon Business and Skill Training Center; Acquire for more detail at, Tel. 02589 222, 02589 0492, 02954 4999 ext. 2100, 2101, 2102, 2103 2. Kom Chat Luok Occupation Training Center; “Occupational Short Course Training Project” is one of a training project in cooking and other occupation. Contact address at The Center of Nation Group Customer, 1854 Bangna – Trat road, Bangna, Bangkok, 10260. Tel. 02338 3356-57 Fax. 02338 3942 3. Other Entrepreneurs such as Cosmetic Institution, Food and Bakery Institute.

23 Work Sheet 3 1. Let the learner conduct a survey on local wisdom in their own community at least 5 samples, then keep record on the given form. Names of Local Address Area of wisdom Value No. Wisdom 1 2 3 4 5 2. Let the learner conduct a survey on the occupation institution in his own community or in the community nearby at least 5 institutes, then keep record on the given form No. Name of Institute Area of skills training value 1 2 3

24 4 5

25 Topic 4 Planning in Occupational Training After conducting the survey of the learning resources and skills training institutes, the learner should learn how to plan for occupational trainings and be able to consider the following: 4.1 Knowledge and Skill for Training The learners should be well prepared regarding to the subject of their interest and need of trainings. They should be aware of whether the selected skills are relevant to the need of the society. For his successful in training, he should set up a plan as follow; 1. To study on various occupations that should be relevant to his ability, his interest, and his preferable skill. If he is able to think and make the right decision, he can be trained effectively. 2. To build up working habit such as attentiveness, diligence, tolerant in working and be able to work with others. When the learner already checked about his own capacity, then he can manage himself while participating in training. 3. To practice training or working performances, he will be assisted and recommended regarding his future occupation. The learner should learn various areas of skill trainings before making decision to choose what he likes most and prepare himself for the future. 4. Training for making occupational planning is necessary step of activity for every task. There is a word saying that “the best plan is already haft done”. This saying implies that just only a good planning step is equivalent to 50 percent of the whole task. Practicing planning can be applied in every task. Even in learning, we should also plan every day, every week, every month and every year. For every activity, it should be always planned and make it a habit when entering into occupational performances.

26 4.2 How to be trained After the learners have already perceived what they wanted to do for occupation, most of them should involve in skills training and should be conducted in the form of practicum. Therefore, sometime the learner needs to continue practicing for more experience or to increase his confident, the training may be done in the form of adding up knowledge to meet the need of market. 4.3 Training Sources As mentioned in topic 2, let the learner conduct a survey on the training sources nearby his community in order to save time and cost for traveling and meal and if the training location is far away, the learner should also check room and other expenses. 4.4 Selection of the Training Source The learner should also look for other information on the training sources and select fthe most appropriate one. Especially on the same area of occupation, the learner should be able to compare the training sources to see how different it is in terms of duration and training schedule. Some of the training sources may let the learner have more direct experience by sending him to other companies. When the learner has already gathering all needed information, he could setting a plan for skill training and uses it as the training program.

27 Work Sheet 4 Let the learner set a plan for his occupational skills training of his interest, make decision on selected occupation and training source, select the method of training and duration of training. …………………………………………………………………………………………… …….………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

28 Topic 5 Occupation Skills Training Taking Notes In order to be successful in the occupation skills training, we have to have good note on information useful for the activity. If there are problems, then it is easier to connect them immediately. Taking notes cab be different in various occupation skills training. This also depends on individual style. But it has to be simple and not too complicated. The usefulness of taking notes: 1. Avoid losing information 2. Information used for making decisions 3. Record keeping method 4. Can be used to connect problems immediately 5. Used for comparing results each time 6. Used for controlling process 7. Used for next planning Note taking principle Different occupation skills training are normally different. Noting method and details are also different. Therefore, the method has to be adjusted accordingly. Noting activities and related items 1. Continuously taking notes and update them 2. Systematically carried out 3. Wording used should be easy, understandable and useful Taking Notes on Occupation training It is important that all main items are written down such as what was done, who were involved, when, etc. The notes would help us to follow up the result, and to be used for future planning.

29 Suggestion on note taking 1. Words should be clean and easy to understand 2. Should be clearly placed items by item 3. All numbers with more than 3 digits, the comma “ , ” should be used Two forms to to be used 1. Taking notes on data which is not financial data 2. Taking notes on financial figures 1. Non financial data Notes that are not financial data such as what happened daily. The notes are for remminder. The example is as follow: Example for note form Date Item Note 3 June Buy big size eatfish 2 bags 13 June Farmers visiting the fish farm 200 fishes 30 June Catch the eatfish for sale 2. Financial data note Taking financial notes are normally in the form of accounting containing income, expenses only for cash only

30 From 1: Single page style Income Expense Total Bht St. Date Item 8,000 - Bht St. Bht St. Note 1 Feb … 1. Received selling egg 2. Pay electric bill 1,200 - 3. Pay food 524 - 365 - 7,111 - 2 Feb … 1. Sell egg 2. Transport 3. Chicken Feed 80 - 560 - 560 - Form 2: Separate sheet style Income Expense Date Item Amount Amount Bht St. Note Date Item Bht St. Note

31 Form 3: Separate book Income Sheet Amount No. Item Date Bht St. หมายเหตุ Expense Sheet Amount No. Item Date Bht St. Note Problem and the way to solve There always are problems during training. Therefore, the trainee should consult with the instructor to help solving them. Sometimes friends and relatives can help solving the problems, so that the training would be successful. Suggestions Some trainee cannot make note according to the form familia to them. Sometimes they cannot interpret the records correctly. For financial records, they should be noted according to the standard form that can always be checked and used.

32 Worksheet 5 1. The learners are to make records on their occupation in the form below: Occupation……………………………………….. Date Item Note .............................. ................................................................. ................................................ .............................. ................................................................. ............................................... .............................. ................................................................. ................................................ .............................. ................................................................. ............................................... .............................. ................................................................. ................................................ .............................. ................................................................. ............................................... .............................. ................................................................. ................................................ .............................. ................................................................. ............................................... .............................. ................................................................. ................................................ .............................. ................................................................. ............................................... .............................. ................................................................. ................................................

33 2. The learners are to make financial records in the form below: Income Expense Date Item Amount Date Item Amount Bht St. Note Bht St. Note

34 Chapter 2 Business Planning Preparation for Occupation Expansion Subject Matter In making the business plan, we have to understand the meaning and importance of occupation expansion process, analyze local information and others by gathering ideas from local people to specify the visions, missions, income, value, objectives, strategies and sufficiency economy principles. Indicator 1. Obtain the visions, mission, income, values, objectives, strategies and sufficiency economy principle from analyzing local 2. Operating plan Scope of matter Analyze local community (SWOT) Topic 1 - Strength - Weakness community Topic 2 - Opportunity Topic 3 - Thread Identify visions missions, objective and strategic plan for local Action plan Material Content of Learning 1. Knowledge report sheet 2. Worksheet

35 Topic 1 Analyze Local Community (SWOT) In any activity related to occupation to achieve suitable goal in line with the local condition, we have to find out whether the operation is suitable through proper analysis. It takes into consideration the local geographical condition, weather, natural resources, culture, human resources, etc. To meet the proper outcome, we have to analyze the local people and get their opinion regarding the planning and selecting decision. Normally SWOT is used to analyze the condition, which has the following components. S (Strength) means the ability of the community which is the strong point to achieve goals. W (Weakness) means the negative aspects of the community that preventing the achievement, or causing failure. O (Opportunity) means factors that can help the community to reach the goals. T (Threat) means the factors that preventing the success or goal of the community and causing problem. resource. The proper steps to do the SWOT analysis are : 1. Identify matters in the local community related to the selected occupation such as:- 1.1 Agriculture, the items are natural resources, weather, geography, and human 1.2 Industrial, the items are natural resources, weather, geography, culture, and art. 1.3 Commercial, the items are natural resources, weather, geography and location. 1.4 Innovation, the items are nature resources and human resources.

36 1.5 Service and special sectors, the main items are natural resources, weather, geography, art, culture and human resources. 2. The details in each items are Point of Context Details of Point 1. Natural Resources 1.1 Quality and suitability 2. Weather 1.2 Local resources 1.3 Quantity and cost 3. Geography 1.4 Water resource 1.5 Other 2.1 Weather condition 2.2 Weather supporting the occupation 2.3 Relationship between weather and local area 2.4 Relationship between weather and natural resource 2.5 Others 3.1 Geographic condition 3.2 Geographic condition supporting occupation 3.3 Relationship between the geography and occupation 3.4 Relationship between geography and natural resources 3.5 Others

37 Point of Context Details of Point 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and 4.1 The occupation is conformed to the art of community. the way of life 4.2 The occupation is conformed to the culture of community. 4.3 The occupation is conformed to the tradition of community. 5. Human Resource 4.4 The occupation is conformed to the community’s way of life 4.5 The others details of point which is related. 5.1 The knowledge for own occupation 5.2 Knowledgeable people in community who has the knowledge about their own occupation. 5.3 Labor in community that need in the occupation. 5.4 Human Resource Management/ Labor 5.5 The important of people in community and entrepreneur. 5.6 The others details of point which is related. 3. After set the sub-details for each of context point then need to conduct the analysis with the SWOT technique as following details; The Selected Occupation................................................. The situation With-In community Strengths Weaknesses 1. Natural Resource 1. Natural Resource 2. Weather Condition 2. Weather Condition 3. Topography 3. Topography 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life 5. Human Resource 5. Human Resource The situation Out-Of community Opportunities Threats 1. Natural Resource 1. Natural Resource 2. Weather Condition 2. Weather Condition 3. Topography 3. Topography 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life 5. Human Resource 5. Human Resource

38 4. Conduct the analysis and identify by based on the real information. Accordingly to the title of sub-details for each of context point that how is it conformed to the selected occupation. However, in the term of the analysis and identify, the entrepreneur is the one who decided to select the occupation and to do self-manage, need to analysis and identify by based from the true story. To analyze and identify the situation within community will be done in each of small details point. Separating information in community to the positive or supportiveness aid the occupation to achieve the objective in the term of strengths. Identify the information in the negative or any trouble that might cause to the occupation in the term of weaknesses. To analyze and identify the situation out of community will be done in each of small details point. Separating information in community to the positive or supportiveness aid the occupation to be success in the term of strength or advantage to generate the opportunity and identify the situation out of community in the negative way or any obstruction that not support the occupation to achieve the objective, to be the trouble to occupation in term of threats. The example of Analysis and identify information Occupation: Making the cool distill coconut oil The situation within community Strengths Weaknesses 1. Natural Resource In the Koh-Kood district 1. Natural Resource There is no any weakness. area, there are many coconut trees. Mostly, 2. Weather Condition It might have the trouble they will be distributed as the fresh coconuts, during Monsoon season because there are rarely never be distributed as the processed foods. to find the ship transportation for distributing the 2. Weather Condition Koh-Kood district has products. a good weather, it suite for traveling. There are 3. Topography Koh-Kood district far away from many both of Thais and foreigner travelers like the seashore almost about 80 kilometer by sea, it to travel in Koh-Kood. So it is support to the might have the problem of transportation and occupation. distribution. 3. Topography Koh-Kood district is beautiful 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life nature island There are many both of Thais and There is no any weakness. foreigner travelers like to travel in Koh-Kood. 5. Human Resource There is no any weakness.

39 Occupation: Making the cool distill coconut oil The situation within community Strengths Weaknesses So it is support to the occupation. 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life There were produce coconut oil since in the past but mostly were hot distill coconut oil. So, they were really not popularity then the cool distill are the preferred product. 5. Human Resource There is the Non-Formal Education Teacher who has the knowledge about making the cool distill coconut oil and no need to use the labors because they can operated by their own family’s members. The situation out of community Opportunities Threats 1. Natural Resource Out of Koh-Kood district 1. Natural Resource There is no any weakness. area in Koh-Mark Amphur, There is still many 2. Weather Condition It might have the trouble coconut trees enough for producing the coconut during Monsoon season because there are rarely oil if they lack of coconut in Koh-Kood area. to find the ship transportation for distributing the 2. Weather Condition The weather is good for products. traveling. There are many both of Thais and 3. Topography Koh-Kood district far away from foreigner travelers like to travel in Koh-Kood. the seashore almost about 80 kilometer by sea, it So it is support to the occupation. might have the problem of transportation and 3. Topography Koh-Kood district is beautiful distribution. nature island There are many both of Thais and 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life foreigner travelers like to travel in Koh-Kood. There is no any weakness. So it is support to the occupation. 5. Human Resource There are other producers in 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life the other areas who are able to produce it which The cool distill coconut oil is the popular may effect to our distribution. product for both of Thais and foreigner

40 Occupation: Making the cool distill coconut oil The situation within community Strengths Weaknesses travelers. 5. Human Resource There is no any weakness. 5. After analyzed and identified the information accordingly to the title of sub-details for each of context point, The analyzer have to conclude all information in order to see all situations and ready to set the goal and direction to operate the occupation onward. It should be concluded as item for clearness. The sample of information analysis conclusion The result of information analysis and identification can be concluded as following 1.Based on the information within circumstance, the occupation of the cool distill coconuts oil in Koh-Kood district could be concluded that, One of natural resource in Koh-Kood district that could be produced the cool distill coconut oil which it suitable with the weather condition and along with the beautiful nature topography as for attracting many both of Thais and foreigners’ travelers to visit by supporting to operate this occupation. While the product had been operated since the past so there still have the knowledgeable people who could share their information and be the consultant which they can operate by their own family’s’ members. However if there is an operation of the cool distill coconut oil as occupation. They need to consider the distant of Koh-Kood district where far away from the seashore almost about 80 kilometer by sea and the weather condition during the Monsoon season because there are rarely to find the ship transportation for distributing the products. 2. Based on the information out of circumstance, the occupation of the cool distill coconuts oil in Koh-Kood district could be concluded that, if they facing the problem of lacking raw materials which is the fresh coconuts. They could contact to buy them from Koh Mark because it is not far away from each other and that area also have many fresh coconuts as well as in Koh-Kood. As for traveling visit by Thais and foreigners travelers in Koh-Kood for enjoying with the beautiful nature, it could be very supportive to operate this occupation. The cool distill coconuts oil is the popular product of Thais and foreigners travelers as well.

41 3. The overall of circumstantial analysis would be concluded that 1. It is suitable and possible for operate this cool distill coconuts oil occupation because they are available and plenty of this nature resource of fresh coconuts in Koh-Kood district. 2. The operation for the cool distill coconuts occupation is able to operate the production and initial distribute to both Thais and foreigners travelers who come to visit and travel in Koh-Kood district. 3. They could operate and manage the occupation as by family. 1. After analyzed by setting the goal and objective that will operate the occupation for accomplish the highest purpose and the way to operate the occupation, the entrepreneur should prepare the business community improvement planning for the occupation to be operated by systematically and have clear-cut objective goals.

42 Worksheet No.6 Analyze your community as general context condition such as natural resource, weather condition, topography, art, culture, tradition, the way of life and human resource to the selected occupation with the SWOT technique for occupational expansion. The Selected Occupation................................................. The situation With-In community Strengths Weaknesses 1. Natural Resource 1. Natural Resource 2. Weather Condition 2. Weather Condition 3. Topography 3. Topography 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life 5. Human Resource 5. Human Resource The situation Out-Of community Opportunities Threats 1. Natural Resource 1. Natural Resource 2. Weather Condition 2. Weather Condition 3. Topography 3. Topography 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life 4. Art, Culture, Tradition and the way of life 5. Human Resource 5. Human Resource

43 Topic2 Vision, Mission, Target and Strategy for Business Community Planning There were many situations had concerned to each of person, organization and community in our living. They have both of beneficial and harmful which are leads our conduct of life went to the wrong way, no self-confident, organization and community. They are affected to insufficiency in work and management. This is reason the why we need to set the vision, mission, target and strategy for business community planning. The meaning of Vision Vision is the view point of management, organization and community’s members. Setting the final prospection with the mission, value and believe together then focusing to the clear-cut goal, challenging, powerful and possibility. It needs to have express approved from everyone. Example: Thum-thim Siam village 05 is the organic agriculture community, have well living according to sufficient economy philosophy within the year …. After have got the vision, very household also need to set the family’s vision and related to the community’s vision as well. Example: Mr.Somnuk Meemook’s family is organic asparagus farm family for export with the year …. The meaning of Mission Mission is the basic purpose and goal of the organization or community that need to be performed in order to making the result as a settle vision. It could say that they are a scope of work and operation of organization or community. Obviously, the right mission will make a different and create a good value for organization or community. The mission will indicate the business and the purpose of organization or community that what they want to be and to have. Meanwhile, it is showing what they are serving to the customer for both of product and service which will consider to following ideas;

44 What - to identify the duties of community that what they will operate. Example for the business, what kind of product or service that they will serve the customer’s demand? Who - Who is a group of consumer and who is the important target group? Why - Why they can stand firm? How - How do they process, sales and service? What’s technology they applied and what’s kind of service are they using? Example: The mission of Tham-thim Siam Village 05 1. Tham-thim Siam Village 05 is corporate with Phakee-Pattana created the community leader or intellectual people to be an organic agriculture specialist. 2. Setting a community state on very 5th of the month at 6 p.m. 3. Coordinate and request the support from the government and private individual. The meaning of Target The result that we need to reach as indicated in the succeed mission. They need to become as the quantitative as an objective, be able to calculated or finding as the percentage. Example: Tham-thim Siam Village 05 produces and exports the organic asparagus for 100 farms within the year …. The meaning of Strategy The procedure that has been set for managing frame work, to be operated as set in the target. It will guide to the next procedure of operation planning. Example 1. Business strategy 1.1 It is single products that have the highest income. 1.2 Expand the production to other communities.

45 2. Product and Marketing Strategy 2.1 There are the purchase advances. 2.2 The product has got the international standard of organism agriculture. 2.3 Conducting research for supporting innovation technology to the production. 3. The duties of community strategy 3.1 Internal and external environment 3.2 The existing capital and resources 1. The occupation circumstance in the community Various circumstances between different communities lead to the different living of life for each community. Especially, selecting the self-employed occupation, if we understand our community’s circumstance and working on the operation in that community. We will have initial information to consider and find an idea for our occupation including to help us to select the right occupation. 2. The circumstance of community demand The demand of community is one of the important things to select the occupation because we need to know that what our community demand is? Then we can consider and response to those demand. We need to do the research for finding the community demand for that occupation. We can gather information in many ways such as interview, questionnaire or doing the expense research for the community that how is their demand and supply for each day. You need to create some material or questionnaire for gather information to conclude the demand by arrange it in order from biggest to smallest. 3. Readiness for occupation After surveyed the demand of community then will find some idea that what occupation will be selected in the community? But before to select the occupation, need to consider the readiness for the occupation first that we are ready and it suite with us then it will make the occupation to be succeed. After have got the occupation circumstance then set the vision, mission, target and strategy onward.

46 Worksheet No.7 Setting the Vision, Mission, Target and Strategy for preparing the business plan community for 1 of your expert/ preferred occupation. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

47 Topic 3 Operation Planning After prepared the business plan community, then will see the way to select the occupation that what occupation should be selected. But before decided to select, need to consider the readiness for occupation first that how we are ready for the occupation? However, succeed occupation need to have a systematically planning. Operating Plan Procedure There are 5 Operating Plan Procedures 7. Planning: Planning procedure is the starting point for operation. Preparing the objective and operation procedure in order to achieve to the objective as set by efficiency and effective. The Important of Planning 4. It is forecast the situation that will happen in the future. 5. Managing the operational procedure. 6. The individual worker knows their duties and responsibilities by clearly. 7. Create a good cooperation and systematic in the organization. The Important Method for Planning 1. Learning basic information got Planning 1.1 Return on investment analysis, to take action for any activity the desired outcome is the profitable investment return. Therefore, making the business is the activities that need the return on investment. 1. Financial Profit 2. Social Benefit Profit 1.2 Location Analysis, study to the area close by the community, raw material resource, labor through the transportation that will lead to succeed occupation. 1.3 Production duration is very important, analyzing the duration of consumer demand as well as \"Turning uncertainty into opportunity.\" Such as the higher cost of gasoline then change to use gasoil.

48 1.4 The consumer demand, surveying what’s kind of product consumer need and what’s of quantity? 2. Target Schedule There is 2 targets need to be set. 2.1 Quantity Target, need to set the product quantity to the market that what’s kind of product and what’s product quantity for each timing. 2.2 Quality Target, the factors to consider is; - The standard type of product - The standard size of product Example of production target schedule: Product Product Quantity Product Quality A.Vegetable 1.Standard Organic Farm - Tomato 50 kg./day 2. - 15 Tomatoes/kg. - Eggplant 20 kg./day - 10 Eggplants/kg. - Luffa Cylindric 30 kg./day - 8 Luffa Cylindrics/kg. 3. Operation Activities Procedure After set the production target schedule, then need to set operation activities schedules in order to reach the production target. 2.3 Production Schedule, standard type of product and how many that needs to be produced per day? 2.4 Systematization of Labor and Raw Material, how much those need for each period? 2.5 Material arrangement and availability for running the production throughout the process. 2.6 Etc. 3. Planning Review need to consider these following possibility; 3.1 Investment, there is available capital as set per plan. 3.2 Labor, there is available labor as set in operation procedure. 3.3 Operation Procedure, be able to produce on time and reach to the quantity target. 3.4 Material and Equipment, there are enough and availability. 3.5 Definitely, there is no loss of operation

49 4. Operational Planning Action After consider and review the plan, that be able to operate and take action as planning procedure by following below method; 4.1 Operating as per plan 4.2 Following the operation by completely for very step. Study the problem situation, finding the solution from experience and knowledgeable people. 4.3 Finding the activity that is not work and searching for any other activities or product to be replace for getting the product as per schedule. Plan Example of Operation Planning Objective Producing the organic asparaguses Target Producing the organic asparaguses for exporting Producing the organic asparaguses for 100 Plan 1 farms Plan 2 Producing biological compost for 1 ton per day Producing the organic asparaguses for exporting Producing biological compost for 1 ton per day

50 Worksheet No.8 Setting the suitable occupation’s operation planning as per above lesson. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………