ഒറ്റച്ചുവട്

-tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 -tIc-f-kÀ-h-I-em-im-e- A-²ym-]-\\- ]-T-\\- I-em-e-bw- Ip-am-c-]p-cw-, Xn-cp-h-\\-´-]p-cw-

Editor : Swathy Vijayan P. Staff Editors : Lethamini S S, Jayendradev. Sub Editors : Chitra R. Aisha Ismail, Rahul S R, Arun A G Magazine Committee Members : Maneesha M Mariyam, Arsha A S, Anjana J S and Layout and Type setting Union Members Cover Page : Ahammed U Illustration : Syam Sivan Printing : Syam Sivan, Aswathy M. Photography : : Sunil Kumar Statement of ownership and other particulars about the publication of the Union Magazine, KUCTE Kumarapuram, University of Kerala. Publisher : Swathy Vijayan P Editor : Swathy Vijayan P Student editor, College Union, KUCTE Kumarapuram University of Kerala Pin : 695033 I Swathy Vijayan P, here declare that the particulars given above are true to the best of my knowledge and belief. Swathy Vijayan P [email protected] H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 2

Bbncw ImX§fpsS bm{X XpS§p¶Xv Hscmä NphSp sImïmWv... H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 3

ktµiw Ipamc]pcw tImtfPv Hm^v So¨À FPyqt¡j³ \"Hä¨phSv‑' F¶ t]cn Cu A²yb\\ hÀjs¯ amknI {]kn²o- Ic‑n¡p¶p F¶d‑nªX‑n kt´mjw. hnZymÀ°nIfpsS kÀ¤mßI cN\\IÄ, tImtfPn \\S¶ A¡mZa‑nI {]hÀ¯\\§Ä XpS§nbh DÄs¡mÅn¨v {] kn²oIcn¡p¶ amknIb‑v¡v FÃm `mhpI§fpw t\\cp¶p. ]nWdmbn hnPb³ _-lp-. ap-Jy-a-{´n- -tIc-f- kÀ-¡m-À- H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 4

XnIthmsS apt¶dm³ A[ym]\\ temI¯nte¡v NphSphbv¡m³ B{Kln¡p¶ hn- ZymÀ°nIÄ¡v D¶X\\nehmc¯nepÅ A¡mZanIv Adnhpw ]cnioe\\ hpw \\ÂIp¶ Øm]\\amWv Ipamc]pcs¯ tIcf bqWnthgvknän tImtfPv Hm^v So¨À FUyqt¡j³ F¶Xn kt´mjw. B[p\\nI kaql¯n\\\\ptbmPyamb coXnbn kmt¦XnI amb‑pw A[ym]\\ ]cambpw Imcy£aXbpÅ `mhn A[ym]Isc hmÀs¯Sp¡p¶ Iemebw aäp Øm]\\§Ä¡pw amXrIbm¡m³ t]‑m¶XmWv. Iym¼knse \\ndapÅ HmÀ½Isf F¡me¯pw Xnf¡amÀ¶ Xm¡n \\ne\\nÀ¯m³ tImtfPv ]pd¯nd¡p¶ amKkn\\pw AXn hnScp¶ kÀ¤mhnjvImc§Ä¡pw Ignbs«. tImtfPnsâ anIhp IÄ¡v Ae¦m- cambn¯ocm³ hnZymÀ°nIfnse kÀ¤mßIX ASbmfs¸Sp¯p¶ tImtfPv amKkn\\pw Øm]\\¯nsâ apt¶m«pÅ bm{Xbv¡pw FÃm `mhpI§fpw. tUm. BÀ _nµp _lp. D¶X hnZym`ymk, km-aqly \\oXn hIp¸v a{´n H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 5

Message I am delighted to know about the College magazine being brought out by the Kerala University College of Teacher Education, Kumarapuram. National development depends on having an educated population. Ed- ucation is the right of every citizen and it is a powerful instrument of social change and development. No better guidance is required to be- ing a good teacher than the great tradition of teaching and learning in our land. I believe that the prospective teachers who are being trained in the College will realize their responsibilities. I wish the students, faculty and staff of the College all the best on thi- soccasion. PROF.(DR.) MOHANAN KUNNUMMAL HON’BLE VISE CHANCELLOR H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 6

Message I am very happy to hear that the 2021-2022 batch students of Kerala University College of teacher education Kumarapuram is bringing out the annual college magazine “Hä¨phSv ”. I hope that the magazine be- ing brought out will be interesting and will stimulate and encourage the hidden talents of the students. My best wishes to the faculty members and students of the college. DR. BINI. C.L. PRINCIPAL H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 7

k-tµiw- Cu adnªp \\o§p¶ XmfpIÄs¡mSphn kaXzamWv. kam[m\\ amWv. ]cn]qÀ®amb im´XbmWv. Cu adp]pd§fn Ielam- Wv. Iem]amWv. kacamWv...! anSn¸pItfmSv kacw sN¿p¶ lrZbw sImïv, \\‑niÐXtbmSv kacw sN¿p¶ iÐw sImïv, Ccp«nt\\mSv kacw sN¿p¶ \\nd§Ä sImïv, A§s\\ CÃmbvaItfmSv DÅmb‑vaIÄ sImïpÅ kacw... saenªp Ip\\nª \\ng \\S¸pIsf \\n§Ä¡v ChnsS ImWmw. ] cmPnXcpsS ayq«v sN¿s¸« apdhnfnIÄ \\n§Ä¡v ChnsS tIÄ¡mw. ss_\\dnIfn kacks¸Sm¯ DSemg§sf \\n§Ä¡v ChnsS Ad‑nbmw. HSphn NhÀ¸pItfmSv kacw sNbvX Nph¸ns\\ ASbm- fambn \\n§Ä¡v Isï¯mw. B tNmcsb \\n§tfmSv tNÀ¯phb‑v¡mw. Imet¯mSv, IetbmSv, Ien XpÅp¶ Ah\\ht\\mSv kacw {] Jym]‑n¡mw. Cu kacs¯bpw \\n§Ä¡v ASn¨aÀ¯mw. ]t£ ]cmPb¯nepw `cWIqS `oIcXtbmSv, ^mknkt¯mSv, Iemeb iЧsf ASn¨aÀ¯p¶ cm{ãob DucmbvaItfmSv, aX Xo{hhmZt¯mSv, kv{Xo hncp² kaql¯nt\\mSv, ChtbmSv kacks¸Sp¶ \\n§fpsS a\\ Ênt\\‑mSv R§Ä kacw sNbvXp sImtïbncn¡pw. P\\m[n]Xy¯nsâ Cu hcm´bn \\n¶pw..... JAYENDRA DEV STAFF EDITOR & ASST. PROFESSOR IN SANSKRIT H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 8

Index ]ndhn {]bmWw 14 Not Just their Fight: Lessons 40 imkv{X¯nse teUn tdm_n³lpSv for india from the struggles 44 {ioaXn hoW & Victory of lesbian couple A`napJw 50 am \\njmZ 19 amäw 21 t]mcm« hoYnbnse kv{Xo IhnX 51 Facts on warriors of our body 22 Fight for women 54 Science In Sanskrit 56 ssat{Im t]mcm«§Ä empowerment 90 AkpcImes¯ IhnX 26 t]mcm«\\mfpIÄ 60 \\cIambn XoÀ¶ kzÀKw 25 DSbmS 66 bqWnb³ dnt¸mÀ«- v- Poh\\w 133 Gallery 23 PohnX kacw 27 A{]kàamb tNmZyw 62 ImÀtaLw 29 kv{Xo A¶pw C¶pw I¿q¡pÅhÀ Imcy¡mÀ 30 मंै भी चाहती हूँ | 31 Life is a struggle 64 बूँद 32 PohnXw 65 प्यास 33 जीत मरे ी है 34 {]Xm]³ hf¯p¦Â A`napJw H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 9

t]mcm«w {]mXn\\n[yw 96 iÐw 98 t]mcmSm¯ a\\pjyÀ 78 aebmf kn\\nabnse kv{Xo 100 kaImenI C´ybpw sNdp¯v kwhn[mbI³ \\n¸pw 81 ]mcntbdpw s]cpamfpw Nne 104 we all are fighters PmXn bmYmÀYy§fpw teJ\\w 106 Cu hn[w 87 Ubdn Ipdp¸pIfneqsS 107 ad¡m³ Ignbm¯ t]‑mcmSnb s]¬Ip«n t]mcm«§Ä 89 Hcp ]{X¯nsâ t]mcm«w 109 {]Xo£ 59 {]IrXn¡v thïn 113 sNdp¯v \\nÂ]v 92 IÀ®sâ t]mcm«w 114 AXnPoh\\w 75 Zn do lotdmbn³ 116 Pohs\\Sp¡p¶ ssZh§Ä 118 sarang the brainchild of s couple's endeavour 122 seʬ ¹m³ IY 129 tNmc Nn´nb a®n em¯n hoipt¼mÄ teJ\\w H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 10

F-Un-täm-dn-b P-\\-\\w ap-X a-c-Ww h-sc A-\\p-kyq-Xw Xp-SÀ-¶p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-¶ t]m-cm-«-¯n-\\v D-S-a-I-fm-Wv \\‑mw. Cu `q-an-bn P-·-sa-Sp-¡m-\\pw, kz- ´w kz-Xz-¯n D-d-¨p \\nÂ-¡m-\\‑pw, C-ã-ap-Å th-jw [-cn-¡m-\\‑pw C-ã-ap-Å `-£-Ww I-gn-¡m-\\‑pw `-bm-i-¦-IÄ C-Ãm-sX k-©-cn-¡m-\\‑pw kzm-X-{´y-t_m-[-t¯m-sS Po-hn-¡m-\\pw ]Tn-¡m-\\‑pw ]-Wn-sb-Sp-¡m-\\‑pw ]-d-bm-\\‑pw F-gp-Xm-\\pw H-s¡-bp-Å A-h‑I- m-i-§Ä-¡pw \\o-Xn-¡pw th- ïn cm-¸-I C-Ãm-sX t]m-cm-Sp-¶-hÀ. \\n-e-hn-ep-Å hy-h-Øm-]n-X-am-b \\n-b-a-§-tfm-Spw k-{¼-Zm-b-§-tfm-Spw \\n-c-´-cw I-e-ln-¡p-¶ a-\\p-jyÀ. A-\\o-Xn-IÄ-s¡-Xn-sc Xq-en-I ]-S-hm-fm-¡n-b-hÀ.., s\\-©n sh-Sn- bp-ï G-äp-hm-§m³ hn-[n-¡-s¸-«-hÀ... X-S-h-d-I-fn Im-ew I-gn-¡m³ \\n-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-«-hÀ... sX-cp-hp-I-fn-se k-a-c-¸-´-en-epw A-[n-Im-c-tI-{µ- §-fp-sS ap³-]n-epw s]m-cn-sh-bn-te-äpw ap-«n-en-g-ªpw sXm-ï-s]m-«p- am-dv ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-§Ä hn-fn-¨pw \\n-c-´-cw t]m-cm-Sn-s¡m-tï-bn-cn-¡p-¶ a-\\p-jyÀ.. N-cn-{X-ap-S-\\o-fw t]m-cm-Sn ap-dn-th-ä [o-c-tbm-²m-¡-fp-sS tNm-c sIm-ïv tIm-dn-bn-«-h-bm-Wv. \\-½p-sS F-Ãm A-h-Im-i-§-fpw kzm-X-{´y-§-fpw \\‑mw t]m-cm-Sn-t\\-Sn-b-h-bm-Wv. t]m-cm-«-§-fn hn-P-bn-¨-hÀ hm-gv-¯-s¸- Sp-I-bpw ]-cm-P-b-s¸-«-hÀ F-¶-t¶-¡p-am-bn hn-kv-ar-Xn-bn ]‑p-X-ªp t]m-hp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. H-cp t]m-cm-«-hpw F-fp-¸-a-Ã. H-cp t]m-cm-«-hpw A-h-km-\\‑n-¡p-¶p-an-Ã.. A-½n-ª ]m-en-s\\m-¸w \\p-IÀ-¶ `m-j-bv-¡pw, P-\\n-¨ a-®n-\\pw, Po-h- izm-k-¯n-\\pw, P-e-¯n-\\‑pw th-ïn \\‑mw C-t¸m-gpw s]m-cp-Xn-s¡m-tï- bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Pm-Xn-t¡m-a-c-§-sf F-¶-t¶-¡p-am-bn ]n-gp-sX-dn-bp-hm-\\‑pw ]p-cp-jm-[n-]-Xy hy-h-Øn-Xn-I-sf X-¨p-S-bv-¡p-hm-\\pw tImÀ-¸-td-äv

\\o-cm-fn ]‑n-Sp-¯-§-fn \\n-¶v k-aq-l-s¯ c-£n-¡p-hm-\\pw e-l-cn-bp- sS A-Ô-Im-c-§-fn Im-gv-N-\\-ã-s¸-« H-cp X-e-ap-d-bv-¡v sh-fn-¨-am-Im- \\‑pw \\m-an-t¸m-gpw t]m-cm-Sn sIm-tï-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. t]m-cm-«-§-fn a-\\p-jyÀ am-{X-a-sÃ-¶v Cu bm-{X-bn \\mw Xn-cn-¨- dn-bp-¶p. kq-£v-am-Wp-¡Ä ap-X ]‑pÂ-¡-fpw ]p-gp-¡-fpw ]‑q-¼m-ä-bpw H-s¡-bpw \\-S-¯p-¶ Po-hn-X-k-a-c-§Ä \\mw C-hn-sS kv-a-cn-¡p-¶p. km- ln-Xy-¯n-epw kn-\\n-a-bn-epw Nn-{X-§-fn-epw ]-¨-bm-b Po-hn-X-¯n-epw ]-SÀ-¶ t]‑m-cm-«-¯n-sâ \\n-d-§Ä \\‑mw C-hn-sS H-¸n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶p. Po-hn-X-¯n-ep-S-\\o-fw t]m-cm-Sn-b, C-t¸m-gpw t]m-cm-«w Xp-SÀ-¶p-sIm- tï-bn-cn-¡p-¶ a-\\p-jyÀ-¡p-Å, Po-h-k-aq-l-¯n-\\p-Å k-aÀ-¸-W-am-Wv Cu I-em-e-b am-K-kn³; 'H-ä-¨p-h-Sv '. k-a-Xz-kp-µ-c-am-b \\-h-bp-K-¯n- te-¡p-Å \\-½p-sS H-ä-¨p-h-Sv. \\n-kzmÀ-°-am-bn t]m-cm-Sn-b a-\\p-jy-cp-sS hn-bÀ-¸n-\\pw c-à-¯n-\\pw ap³-]n A-£-c-§Ä sIm-ïp-Å \\-½p-sS B-Z-c-hv. kp-lr-¯p-¡-sf, kz-Xz-¯n-\\pw k-a-Xz-¯n-\\pw kzm-X-{´y-¯n-\\pw kÀ- tÆm-]-cn k-Xy-¯n-\\p th-ïn-bp-Å \\n-§-fp-sS t]m-cm-«w Xp-SÀ-¶p-sIm- tï-bn-cn-¡-s«.. H-cm-bn-cw X-e-ap-d-IÄ B H-ä-¨p-h-Sn-sâ ]m-X ]n-´p-S- c-s«... kzm-Xn hn-P-b³ ]n. am-K-kn³ F-Un-äÀ

]ndhn H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 13

Megha Suresh (Mathematics) ‘Not Just Their Fight’: Lessons for India from the Struggles & Victory of One Lesbian Couple Lesbian couple Adhila ship since their school days. couple connected with the After completing gradu- LGBTQIA+ community in (22) and Noora (23) from ation and securing jobs in Kerala and approached the Kerala were forcefully Chennai, they decided to Vanaja collective, a Cali- separated by family and live together. Anticipat- cut-based organisation, for through legal battles, were ing the families’ responses support while moving out reunited by the Kerala high and realising the need for of their homes. court on May 31.The cou- community support, the ple has been in a relation- H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 14

However, Noora was minorities face in our coun- request to file a missing forcefully taken away from try which require urgent at- person’s complaint about Adhila by her family and tention from the state and Noora. was reunited only after the concerned authorities. The Thamarasery police Adhila filed a habeas cor- Some of those issues are referred to Noora’s ab- pus petition in the Kerala discussed below:Indiffer- duction as a “family mat- High Court. ence of the policeWhile the ter” in which police could couple did receive some not interfere. The police As we celebrate Pride support from the Binanipu- machinery responsible Month, the struggles and ram Police in Kerala, after for safeguarding the cou- victory of Adhila and Noo- they were forcefully sep- ple’s rights turned out to ra reveal many structural arated, the Thamarassery lack any awareness of the and societal issues sexual Police refused Adhila’s LGBTQIA+ community. Moreover, they are thought As we celebrate Pride Month, the struggles and to have supported Noo- victory of Adhila and Noora reveal many ra’s family in separating the couple. The deliber- structural and societal issues sexual minorities ate indifference from the face in our country which require urgent Thamarassery police had attention from the state and the concerned aggravated the case, com- authorities. pelling Adhila to move the High Court, whereas it could have been potential- ly resolved at the station level itself. This indicates the need for greater awareness about LGBTQIA+ rights and is- sues among police person- nel. The state should make LGBTQIA+ sensitisation a mandatory part of police training. The incident also exhib- its the need to take strict- er action against police personnel for acting in a queerphobic manner and showing deliberate indif- ference in cases concerning the LGBTQIA+ communi- ty. H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 15

Abusive family environ- ments Both Adhila and Noora’s well as the need for sex ed- arated, Adhila feared that families have been abusive ucation at large. Noora’s family would sub- with the couple. The cou- The state should create ject the latter to ‘conver- ple had to struggle through educative and supportive sion therapy’. Later, when emotional and physical mechanisms to sensitise reunited, Noora revealed torture from their families families about these is- that she had to undergo before finally securing the sues. Support groups for counselling and the coun- High Court order. What’s parents of LGBTQIA+ sellor tried to “cure” her more, the couple stated that people, such as Sweekar – sexuality through counsel- the emotional abuse con- The Rainbow Parents, is an ling. tinued even after the court exemplar in this direction. The National Medical order. As Adhila stated in one in- Commission had declared The ‘Out of the Margins’ terview, “It’s not us but our conversion therapy as project, conducted by UK- families that need counsel- ‘professional misconduct’ based queer rights organ- ling”. during a plea in the Ma- isation, Stonewall, found Checks on mental health dras high court. Yet, Adhila that family members are the practitioners undertaking and Noora’s situation re- main perpetrators of abuse ‘conversion therapy’ veals that there are “mental against people from the When the couple was sep- health practitioners” in the LGBTQIA+ community. Additionally, research con- ducted by UK LGBTQIA+ anti-abuse charity Galop found that one in three LGBTQIA+individuals in Britain reported abuse from close family mem- bers, which the Guardian called a “Hidden Epidem- ic”. This situation indicates the need for stricter laws against such abuses, which are often dismissed as ‘family care and concern’. Moreover, it highlights the need for spreading pub- lic awareness about the LGBTQIA+ community as H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 16

training on ‘queer-affirma- tive mental health prac- tices’ for mental health practitioners. The Queer Affirmative Counselling Practice (QACP) course run by the Mariwala Health Initiative offers a credible model for such training. Supportive structures – Vanaja collective and LGBTQIA+ community Moreover, it highlights the need for spreading The Vanaja collective, a public awareness about the LGBTQIA+ Calicut-based NGO, pro- community as well as the need for sex vided a significant sup- port system for the couple education at large. The state should create throughout their struggle. educative and supportive mechanisms to It played a key role in ini- tially sheltering the couple sensitise families about these issues. and offered them effective legal and moral support to country who still claim to the country. Legal action fight for their basic human “cure” sexual orientations should be taken against right to live together as through unscientific psy- the so-called mental health partners. chological, physical and practitioners who claim to The Vanaja collective’s quite frequently, ‘spiritual’ “cure” sexual orientations interventions, combined practices. through conversion thera- with the support from the There needs to be a stricter py. LGBTQIA+ community, check on such practices in The state should initiate brought out the couple’s struggles and drew media attention to the case. When the family, which is supposed to be a support system for an individual, turns out to be the abuser, alternative support systems like the Vanaja collective and LGBTQIA+ commu- nities play a significant role in supporting LGBTQIA+ individuals. H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 17

There are a few state-led port for existing NGOs and courage and determination initiatives in this vein, such other communities as part to come out and fight for as shelter homes, liveli- of state initiatives to safe- their rights that made this hood training, job opportu- guard the rights of margin- victory possible. In a soci- nities, scholarships and so alised communities. ety where women’s voices on, which focus on trans- Finally, the struggles that and sexuality are often sup- gender persons in Kerala. Adhila and Noora had to pressed, Adhila and Noora However, Adhila and Noo- go through to secure their have spoken out; not just ra’s struggle indicates the basic right to live togeth- for themselves, but for the need for more government er reveals the regressive, women in society at large. mechanisms to provide di- queerphobic mindset still Their fight was not just verse social and legal sup- prevalent in our society theirs. And their victory, es- port for people across the and its structures. On the pecially the high court or- LGBTQIA+ spectrum. positive side, their struggle der, has paved the way for Along with initiating new also exhibits the increasing many more LGBTQIA+ support programs, the state awareness and openness people to live as their true should also ensure that about LGBTQIA+ issues selves. existing government pro- and rights among younger grams are effectively im- generations. plemented. There should More than anything else, be appropriate state sup- it is Adhila and Noora’s H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 18

Aswathy M. (Malayalam) am-äw ]g- b- t- Ic- f- w {Sm³k- vs- PâÀ B-sW-¶pw-Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-¶ B-tWm? s]-t®m? H-cp Hc- p hyà- n- Xs- â- kzX- zs- ¯- k{v Xob- ps- S {]k- h- w- Ig- nª- ka- ql- ¯- n\\- v kpc- £- nX- `qa- n- a-d-¨p- ]n-Sn-¡p-I-tbm- tI-c- D-S-s\\ ]-cn-Nn-X-h-e-b-¯n Bb- nc- p¶- nÃ- . {Sm³k- vs- PâÀ fw-hn-«p ]p-d-¯p t]‑m-hp-I- DÄ-s¸-«-h-cp-sS A-t\\z-j- F-¶ hm-¡n-\\v ]-I-c-am-bn tbm-sN-¿p-am-bn-cp-¶p. H-¶v W-am-Wn-Xv. Cu `q-an-bn-se am-\\y-am-b H-cp ]-Zw t]m-epw- ]-cn-tim-[n-¨mÂ- a-e-bm-fn-I- ]p‑ X- ns- bmc- p ]nd- h- nb- nÂA- X- v a-e-bm-f-¯n C-à F-¶- fp-sS-t_m-[-an-Ãm-bv-a \\-in-¸n- B¬ /s]®- v Bh- W- s- a¶- XC-v X- n\\- v sXf- nh- mW- .v ka- ql- - ¨p If- ª- C¯- c- w \\nc- h- [- n s]m-Xp-t_m-[-s¯ k-aq-lw ¯n-sâ- F-Ãm -ta-J-e-I-fn Po-hn-X-§Ä \\-ap-¡v I-sï- a-\\p-jy³ F-¶ km-aq-ln-I- \\n-¶pw -A-hÀ- A-I-än \\‑nÀ- ¯m³ Ig- nb- pw. \"Ip«- n- F´- m- Poh- nb- nÂ- cqV- a- qe- ya- m¡- nb- n- ¯-s¸-Sp-¶p. {Sm³-kv-sPâÀ H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 19

cn¡- p¶- p. BZ- y- tIÄh- nb- n XnÂ- A-Xm-Xp-Im-e-s¯ B-Wn-t\\-bpw -s]-®n-t\\-bpw \\n-jv-I-f-¦ kv-t\\-l-¯n am-[y-a-§Ä- h-f-sc- h-en-b am-{Xw -tI-{µo-I-cn-¨n-cp-¶ \\n-¶p-D-cp-¯n-cn-ª-sX-¶v- ]-¦p h-ln-¡p-¶p. P-\\-{]n-b a-e-bm-f- kn-\\n-a-bp-sS- am-ä- tXm-¶p-¶ C-¯-cw- tNm-Zy- am-[y-a-§Ä {]-tXy-In-¨pw ¯n-\\v Xp-S-¡-an-«-Xv AÀ-²- §Ä- B¬-þ-s]¬ t_m-[- -C-¯-c-¯n-sem-cp- t_m-[ cq- \\m-cn-bm-Wv. kq-{X-[m-c³, ¯nt- e¡- v am{- Xw a\\- pj- ys- \\ ]‑o-I-c-W-¯n-\\v Im-c-W-am-bn- Nm-´p-s]m-«v t]m-se-bp-Å- Np-cp-¡n-¡-f-ª km-aq-ly-þ- «pï- v. tUm.- kt- ´mj- v- ku]- kn-\\n-a-I-fnÂ-\\n-¶pw \"-Rm³ kmwk- I-v mc- nI- - Ah- Ø- b- ps- S ÀW- nI- - cN- \\- b- pw- kwh- n[- m\\- - tac- n¡- p«- n \" t]ms- eb- pÅ- - kn- {]-Xn-^-e-\\-am-Wv. Cu `q-an- hpw \\nÀh- l- n¨- \"A- À²- \\- mc- n\"- \\n-a-I-fn-te-¡v D-Å a-e-bm-f- bnÂ- B-Wm-bn-«pw -s]-®m- B-Wv {Sm³-kv-sPâÀ Po-hn- kn-\\n-a-bp-sS-am-äw \\-½p-sS bn-«pw \\n-§Ä-¡v- Po-hn-¡mw X-s¯-bpw- A-h-cp-sS- kw- ]‑p-tcm-K-Xn-bn-te-¡v- X-s¶- -a-säm-cp- kz-Xzw Xn-c-sª-Sp- k-vIm-c-s¯-bpw \\-½p-sS bm-Wv- hn-cÂ- Nq-ïp-¶-Xv. ¡p-¶-Xv- k-aq-lw- i-cn-bm-bn- ap-¶nÂ- Xp-d-¶p-Im-«n-b-Xv. Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-I-fn h-¶ {Sm³-kv-sPâÀ hn-`m-K-s¯ Ip-dn-¨p-Å -s]‑m-Xp-t_m-[w hy-Xym-kw -k-aq-l-¯n-se- cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-XnÂ- A-Xm-Xp-Im-e-s¯ am-[y-a-§Ä- F-Ãm- ta-J-e-I-fn-epw F-¶ h-f-sc- h-en-b ]-¦p h-ln-¡p-¶p. P-\\-{]n-b am-[y-a-§Ä t]m-se-X-s¶ C-hn-sS-bpw {]-tXy-In-¨pw -C-¯-c-¯n-sem-cp- t_m-[ cq-]o-I-c-W-¯n-\\v {]-Xn-^-en-¨p. A-Xp-sIm- Im-c-W-am-bn-«p-ïv. tUm-ÎÀ- k-t´m-jv- ku-]À-Wn-I-c-N-\\- ïv-X-s¶ s]m-Xp C-S-§Ä bpw-kw-hn-[m-\\-hpw \\nÀ-h-ln-¨ \"-AÀ-²-\\m-cn-\" B-Wv {Sm³- {Sm³k- sv- PâÀ hn`- mK- ¯- ns- â- kv-sPâÀ Po-hn-X-s¯-bpw- A-h-cp-sS- kw-k-vIm-c-s¯-bpw bpwI- qS- nb- mb- na- md- p¶- Img- vN- - bm-WvC- ¶- v \\-ap¡- v ImW- m³ \\-½p-sS ap-¶nÂ- Xp-d-¶p-Im-«n-b-Xv. I-gn-bp-¶-Xv. {Sm³-kv-sPâÀ hn-`m-K-s¯ Ip-dn-¨p-Å -s]‑m- Xp-t_m-[w cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶- H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 20

Rajalekshmi R. (Sanskrit ) t]mcm«hoYnbnse kv{Xo `qanbmIp¶ kv{Xosb¶ cq]s¯ ]n¨n¨o´p¶p Im]menIÀ. BÀ¯nc¼p¶ XncameIÄt]mse BªSn¡p¶p AhÄX³ thZ\\. AcpsX¶v ]dªpsImïebn«Sn¡p¶ Ahfnse taml§sfs´¶dnbpI. Ahfnse amXrXzkvt\\ladnbpI AhfnsehmÕeysas´¶dnbpI. kv{Xosb¶ càs¯ Duän¡pSn¡pt¼mÄ AdnbpI AhÄX³ s\\©nsethZ\\. ZpÀ_ebà kv{Xo \\ncmew_bà kv{Xo iànX³ {]XoIw kv{Xo. PohnXamIp¶ t]mÀ¡f¯n kv{XoX³ t]mcpXpS§nSp¶p. t]mÀ hnfnsb§pw apg§nSp¶p t]mcm« hocyw Pzen¨pbcp¶p. H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 21

Aswini P. Fight for Women (Mathematics ) Empowerment Emancipation and em- flourish and achieve their all these aspects. But it is true potential. Fight for not sufficient. Many wom- powerment of women is of women, had resolved, the en have been oppressed in prime importance in every low paying, low status, low the field of job, at home, in society. The 21st century security problems. Equal public etc. poses many challenges that pay for equal work. Thus, It is all about changing require new ways of think- the gender gap could be laws by ensuring that prop- ing, none more important solved to certain extend. erty and inheritance laws than the economic role of If you educate a girl, you do not discriminate against the women in a rapidly train a village. Globally, women. It is time to create changing world. Educa- women earn only three a world where all women tion is the foundation upon quarters as much as men, can meet their potential which any change is built. even with the same lev- without impediment and Learning helps women to el of education and in the the world will reap the help themselves and break same occupation. Fight for benefits. If we dare the dif- the shackles of exclusion. women empowerment has ference, the difference will Labor facilitates women to brought a drastic change in deliver… H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 22

Jyothika B. S. Pohn-X kacw (Physical Science) N-cn-{X-Im-ew- - ap-XÂ-t¡ ]-e-X-c-¯n-ep-Å t]‑m-cm-«-§-fpw bp-²-§-fpw tem-I-¯p-ïm-bn- cp-¶p- F-¶m \"t]m-cv-' ]-e-t¸m-gpw- ho-c-·- mÀ-¡pw ]‑p-cp-j-·- mÀ-¡pw-th-ïn am-{Xw- am-än-h- bv-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-bn-«m-Wv- Im-W-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS t]m-cm-«-§-fpw, Ip-«n-I-fp-sS t]‑m-cm-«-§-fpw- N-cn-{Xw \\mÄ-¡p-\\mÄ ap-t¶ X-s¶ km-£yw -h-ln-¨n-«p-ïv, F-¶mÂ- N-cn-{X- hpw- k-aq-l-hpw A-h I-ïn-sÃ-¶v \\-Sn-¡p-I-tbm, a-\\-¸qÀ-hw -a-d-¨p-sh-¡p-I-tbm- sN-¿p-¶ {]-h-W-X-bm-Wv- Im-W-p¶-Xv. Cu `q-an-bn H-cp Po-h-sâ- D-Û-hw- t]m-epw H-cp t]‑m-cm- «-¯n-eq-sS-bm-Wv. A-Xm-b- Xv- t]m-cm-Sp-I, F-¶-Xv H-cp Po-hn-bp-sS- A-sÃ-¦nÂ- Po-h- \\pÅ- - Gs- Xmc- p- hk- X-v ph- ns- â- bpw A-\\n-hm-cy-X-bm-Ip-¶p. H-cp-X-c-¯nÂ- C-¶o- tem-Iw \\n-e-\\‑nÂ-¡p-¶-Xv- X-s¶ ]-e-X-c-¯n-ep-Å t]m-cm-«- §-fp-sS DÂ-¸-¶-am-bn-«m- Wv. UmÀ-hn³ ]-d-ª- t]‑m- se -\"-survival of the fittest' -F-s¶m-¶v- D-ïm-Ip-¶-Xp t]‑m-epw ]-e-X-c-¯n-ep-Å t]‑m-cm-«-§-fp-sS ^-e-am-bn-«m- Wv: {]I- rX- nt- bmS- pÅ- t]m‑ c- m- «w a-\\p-jy-t\\m-Sp-Å t]m-cm- «w A-§-s\\ ]-e-Xn-t\\m-Spw. N-cn-{X-Im-ew- ap- XÂt- ¡ ]e- X- c- ¯- ne- pÅ- t]m‑ - cm-«-§-fpw bp-²-§-fpw tem- I-¯p-ïm-bn-cp-¶p- F-¶m H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 23

\"t]‑m-cv-' ]-e-t¸m-gpw- ho-c-·mÀ- Kp-cp-¡-·m-tcm-Sv, hn-izm-k- A-h-sf {]‑m-]‑v-X-bm-¡m³ ¡pw ]‑p-cp-j-·mÀ-¡pw-th-ïn §t- fmS- v, ka- ql- ¯- ns- â- sX- k-lm-b-I-am-Ipw. X-§Ä-¡v am{- Xw- amä- nh- b- ¡v- s- ¸S- p¶- X- m- ämb- [mc- W- t- bmS- v A§- s- \\ t\\s- c- Db- c- p¶- A\\- oX- nI- Ä- bn-«m-Wv- Im-W-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. kv- ]-e-Xn-t\\m-Spw- B-bn-cn-¡mw. ¡pw- -A-Xn-{I-a-§Ä-¡pw- {Xo-I-fp-sS t]m-cm-«-§-fpw, t]m-cm-«-§-fp-sS- N-cn-{X-hpw FX- ns- c t]m‑ c- mS- m³ \\½- ps- S Ip-«n-I-fp-sS t]‑m-cm-«-§-fpw- -hÀ-¯-am-\\-hpw ]-d-ªv s]¬I- p«- nI- Ä¡- v- Ig- nb- s- «!- Nc- n{- Xw \\mÄ¡- p\\- mÄ apt- ¶ s]¬-a-¡-sf- h-fÀ-t¯-ï- Xs- ¶ km£- yw h- l- n¨- n«- pï- ,v Im-e-am-Wn-Xv. A-Xv- im-co-cn- F-¶mÂ- N-cn-{X-hpw- k-aq-l- I-am-bpw am-\\-kn-I-bp-am-bpw- hpw A-h I-ïn-sÃ-¶v \\-Sn- ¡p-I-tbm, a-\\-¸qÀ-hw -a-d- t]m-cm-Sp-I, F-¶-Xv H-cp Po-hn-bp-sS- A-sÃ-¦nÂ- ¨p-sh-¡p-I-tbm-sN-¿p-¶ Po-h-\\p-Å- G-sXm-cp- h-kv-Xp-hn-sâ-bpw {]-h-W-X-bm-Wv- ap-t¶m-«p-h- bv-¡p-¶-Xv. A-Xn-\\p-Zm-l-c- A-\\n-hm-cy-X‑-bm-Ip-¶p. H-cp-X-c-¯nÂ- C-¶o- W-§-fm-Wv \\mw C-¶-s¯ tem-Iw \\n-e-\\‑nÂ-¡p-¶-Xv- X-s¶ ]-e-X-c-¯n-ep-Å X-e-ap-d-bv-¡v ]-d-ªp \\Â- Ip-¶ ]-g-Èn-cm-P-bp-sS-bpw t]m-cm-«-§-fp-sS DÂ-¸-¶-am-bn-«m-Wv. amÀ-¯m-Þ-hÀ-½-bp-sS-bpw I-Y-IÄ F-¶mÂ- A-hÀ- s¡m-¸w t]‑m-cm-Sn-b Qm³- knd- mW- nb- ps- Sb- pw, ape- ¡- c- w \\‑nÀ-¯-em-¡m³ X-sâ ap-e ap-dn-¨p X-¼p-cm-\\v \\Â-In-b \\t- §e- nb- ps- Sb- pw t]mc- m«- h- o- cyw \\mw sh-dpw ]p-kv-X-I-§- fnÂ-H-Xp-¡n \\nÀ-¯p-¶p. F¶- mÂ- kv{- XoI- f- p- sS t]m‑ c- m«- §- -fps- S- Nc- n{- Xw -F-Sp-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n -A-Xv- h-f-sc-tb-sd-bm-Wv. A-Sp-¡- fb- n \\n¶- v- Ac- §- t- ¯¡- v A-hÄ- F-¯n-s¸-«n-«p-sï- ¦nÂ- A-Xn-\\v A-hÄ -t]‑m-c- Sn-t¡-ïn-h-¶-Xv-kz-´w- Ip- Spw-_-¯n-ep-Å-hÀ-ap-X k- a- ql- ¯- ne- pÅ- H- mt- cmc- p¯- - tcmS- a- mb- nc- n¡- pw. aX- ¯- ns- â- tbm ]-W-¯n-sâ-tbm H-cp {]n‑ h- nt- eP- pw- In«- ms- X Hc- p kv- {Xo ka- ql- ¯- n\\- p ap¶- nt- e¡- -v h-¶n-«p-sï-¦nÂ-A-Xn-\\m-bn- Ah- Ä- Gä- pa- pt- «ï- n- hc- nI- - Nn- et- ¸mÄ- amX- m]- n‑ X- m¡- t- fmS- v, H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 24

DSbmS Akhila S. (Malayalam ) AXmImWp¶p hkv{X¯n³ Xps¼msc®w Bhagya Krishnan hnN\\amw lcnX`qanbn (Sanskrit ) tIÄ¡p¶p Zo\\amw tcm[\\hpw ]Xnsb ]Xnsb \\ne¨m\\mZhpw... Npän\\pw Ccp«v ]c¡p¶p.. shfnhmbv B s]®pSen\\p ap¶nembn Icp¯päcïpImepIÄ Ah\\m DSens\\ DSbmSIfmÂaqSn Xncnªp \\S¶oSp¶p.. {IqcamwNncntbmsS ]ntä¶v ]{X¯nseAÚmXþ PU¯n\\p apIfnepwIïp Rm\\m càhÀWapÅ DSbmS.. ]ns¶bpw Iïp Rm\\m DSbmS \\oXn]oT¯n\\v ap¶n \\oXntISv ImWm¯ B inev]¯nepw. Poh\\w kzbw Fcnª t\\mhpIÄ Aenªp t]mbn«pw IcÄ Icª cm{XnIÄ IS¶pt]mbnSpw AIse Xncbmbv Aebmw hm AcnsI I\\hn \\ndambv IYIÄ ]dbmw ]Xnhmbv CcpÄ \\ndª PohnXw {]ImiambnSpw hsc H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 25

Athira O R t]mcm«\\mfpIÄ(Mathematics ) t]m-cm-«-§Ä-¡v F-¶pw cn-¨p am-äw h-¶-Xm-bn Rm³ A-ip-²n B-bn-{]-Jym-]n-¨-Xv a-\\-kn-em-¡n. s]-s«-¶m-bn-cp- ssZ-hw B-bn-cn-¡p-tam? F-sâ tNm-c-bp-sS a-W-am-Wv. A-h- ¶p F-sâ A-Sn-h-kv-{X-¯n t]‑m-cm-« Zn-\\-§Ä F-§-s\\-bm- Im-i-§Ä-¡p th-ïn-bm-Ip- Rm³ c-à-¡-d-I-ï-Xv. Po- Wv ip-²n-bp-sS t]-cn A-f- t¼mÄ AX- ns- â Nph- ¸- v IqS- pw. hn-X-¯n-se A-Sp-¯ t]‑m-cm‑«- ¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.A-ip-²n-bp-sS Rm-\\p-sam-cp t]‑m-cm-fn-bm- \\m-fp-IÄ Xp-S-§n-b-tÃm-F-¶v t]-cn A-à t]m-cm-«-¯n-sâ Wv, F-sâ t\\-«-§Ä F-Ãmw Rm³ ]n‑ d- p]- n‑ d- p¯- p. DÕ- h- \\- m- t]-cn-em-Wv F-sâ BÀ-¯-hw. A-§-s\\ t]‑m-cm‑S- n t\\-Sn-b-X-v- fn-se Zo-]‑m-cm-[-\\ Iq-S-W-sa-¶v \\-à Np-a-¶ t]m-cm-«w. Xs- ¶b- mW- v. A§- s- \\ t]mc- m- HmÀ-¯-Xm-Wv. BÀ-¯-h-s¯ «-§Ä FÃ- mw Ime- ¯- n-\\\\- pk- - H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 26

Athira Babu (Mathematics ) A{]kàamb tNmZyw? a-I-fp-sS -hn-hm-lw -H-¶p- \\n-¶v- am-äw -h-¶n-«n-Ã- F-¶v Rm³ I-cp-Xp-¶n-Ã. _m-ey- am-bn-tÃ? C-cp-]-¯n-sbm- hn-hm-l-§Ä \\-S-¶n-cp-¶ ¶p -I-gn-ª-tÃ. ]-Xn-s\\-«p tI-c-f-¯nÂ, I-eym-W-{]‑m- h-b-Êv- I-gn-ªmÂ- X-s¶ bw ]-Xn-s\\-«p I-gn-ª-Xp- G-sXm-cp s]¬-Ip-«n-bpw, X-s¶ H-cp h-en-b -am-ä-am-Wv. A-h-fp-sS- am-Xm-]n-Xm-¡-fpw- H-cp s]¬-Ip-«n-¡v ]-Xn-s\\- tIÄ-¡p-¶ H-cp tNm-Zy-am- «p h-b-km-Ip-t¼mÄ F-´v Wn-Xv. \\-½Ä F-{X-sbm-s¡ ]-Iz-X-bm-Wp-Å-Xv? I-fn-bpw ]p‑ t- cmK- a- \\- h- mZ- nI- Ä B- b- m -Nn-cn-bpw- am-dm-¯ A-hÄ t]‑m-epw,]-e Im-cy-§-fn-epw- -F-§-s\\ H-cp Ip-Spw-_-¯n- C-¶pw- k-¦p-Nn-X -Nn-´m-K- sâ _m[- yX- I- Ä \\nd- t- hä- pw? Xn-¡m-cm-Wv. ]-ï-t¯-XnÂ- H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 27

A-§-s\\ F-{X-sb-{X _-Ô- Cc- p]- X- p h- b- k- vI- g- ns- ª¶- v Ic- pX- n Hc- p s]¬I- p«- nb- p- §Ä in-Yn-e-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. sSb- pw- Poh- nX- w- Ah- k- m\\- n¡- p¶- nÃ- . ka- ql- ¯- ns- e C§- - Ip-Spw-_ tIm-S-Xn-IÄ-¡p s\\b- pÅ- A- {- ]k- à- a- mb- - tNmZ- y§- s- f t\\c- n«- v ]Tn¨- v Hc- p ap³-]nÂ- Xn-c-t¡-dp-¶-Xn-sâ tPme- n k¼- mZ- n¡- pI- F¶- X- v- Hmt- cm s]¬I- p«- nb- ps- Sb- pw- {]-[m-\\ Im-c-W-hpw -C-Xv Poh- nX- ¯- ns- e t]mc- m«- w X- s- ¶b- mW- v. Cu Ime- L- «- ¯- ns- e X-s¶-bm-Wv. Hmt- cm s- ]¬I- p«- nb- pw‑ ,- Ah- Ä, an¡- s]¬I- p«- nI- f- pw t]m‑ c- mf- nX- s- ¶b- mW- v. kzb- w- IpS- pw_- Poh- nX- w \\b- n- ¡m³ {]‑m]‑vX-bm-Ip-t¼mÄ Xm-Wv. kz-´w-Im-en \\‑nÂ- Zn-¡p-I F-¶-Xv- Hm-tcm c-£-IÀ-¯m-¡-tfm-Sv- B-h- ¡m³ I-gn-bp-t¼mÄ Hm- s]¬-Ip-«n-bp-sS-bpw- Po-hn-X- iy-s¸-Spw. A-t¸mÄ- am-{Xw- tcm- s]¬-Ip-«n-¡pw -In-«p-¶ ¯n-se t]m-cm-«w-X-s¶-bm- A-h-sc- A-Xn-te-¡v \\-bn- B-ß-hn-izm-kw -h-f-sc -h-ep- Wv. Cu Im-e-L-«-¯n-se ¡pI- . Ah- Ä¡- v- Cã- ¸- «- Hc- p Xm-Wv. an-¡ s]¬-Ip-«n-I-fpw t]‑m- ]-¿-s\\ Xn-c-sª-Sp-¯mÂ- C-cp-]-Xp -h-b-kv- I-gn-sª- cm-fn- X-s¶-bm-Wv. F-Ãm- A-Xv- F-t´m-Ip-äw t]‑m- ¶v I-cp-Xn H-cp s]¬-Ip-«n- s]¬-Ip-«n-I-fpw C-§-s\\ se- Im-Wp-¶ k-aq-l-am-Wv- bp-sS-bpw- Po-hn-Xw- A-h-km- t]‑m-cm-Sn- X-sâ- e-£y-¯nÂ- C-¶p-Å-Xv. s]¬-Ip-«n-¡v \\n-¡p-¶n-Ã. k-aq-l-¯n-se F-¯n-t¨À-¶mÂ- H-cn-¡-epw -C-cp-]-Xp-I-gn-ªmÂ- Xp-S- C-§-s\\-bp-Å -A-{]-k-à- \\-½p-sS cm-Py-¯v- h-en-b -hn- §pw- A-h-sf- I-eym-Ww -I-gn- am-b- tNm-Zy-§-sf t\\-cn-«v ¹-h-§-fp-ïm-hp-sa-¶-XnÂ- ¸n-¡p-¶n-tÃ? H-cp s]¬-Ip- ]Tn-¨v H-cp tPm-en k-¼m- kw-i-b-an-Ã. «n-¡v- I-eym-W-t¯-ImÄ {]-[m-\\w Ah- Ä ]Tn-¨v H-cp tPm-en k-¼m-Zn-¡p-I F-¶- H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 28

Anjana J S (Sanskrit ) kv{Xo A¶pw C¶pw ]-g-b-Im-e -tI-c-f-¯n - -km-aq-ln-I-hpw km-¼-¯n-I- ti-jn-bp-Å F-{X-tbm- kv- hp-am-b ap-t¶-ä-§Ä-¡v- C-S- kv‑{Xo-IÄ ]-e Nq-j-W-§- bn-epw -kmw-k-vIm-cn-I-am-b- {Xo-IÄ- kv-{Xo-Xz-s¯ fpw- sh-Ãp-hn-fn-I-fpw t\\- kv-Xw-`-\\w t\\-cn-Sp-I-bm-Wv. cn-«n-cp-¶p. Pm-Xn- hÀ-W kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS -A-h-Im-i- A-]-am-\\n-¡p-¶ {]-hÀ-¯- -hn-th-N-\\-§Ä-¡v A-[n-jvTn- §-fpw -kp-c-£-bpw -th-ï- X-am-b -Im-e-L-«-¯nÂ- kv- {X co-Xn-bnÂ- C-¶v- kw-c- \\-§Ä-¡v- F-Xn-sc {]-Xn-tj- {Xo-IÄ H-cp-]m-Sv bm-X-\\- £n-¡-s]-Sp-¶n-Ã- A-Xn-\\v IÄ-¡v- hn-t[-b-cm-bn-cp-¶p. D-¯-a- D-Zm-l-c-W-§-fm-Wv- [n-¨p- sIm-ïv- A-Sn-¨-aÀ-¯- A-hÀ-¡v- a-Xn-bm-b- hn-Zym- kv-{Xo-[-\\ ]o-U-\\-§-fpw `ym-k-tam- A-h-Im-i-§-tfm -A-h-sb- Xp-SÀ-¶p-ïm-Ip-¶ ep-I-fp-sS A-XnÀ-h-c-¼p-IÄ A-\\p-h-Zn-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. k-hÀ- B-ß-l-Xy-I-fpw. C-h-tbm- Ws- c¶- v- kzb- w ]p‑ I- g- v¯- nb- n- sSm-¸w-X-s¶ Pn-j, ku-ay, ew-Ln-t¡-ï-Im-ew- B-k- cp¶- P·- nI- pS- pw_- §- Ä Ah- - Xp-S-§n-b t]-cp-IÄ-H-s¡- sc- -Io-gvth-e sN-¿‑p‑ ¶-Xn-\\‑pw bpw \\-½p-sS a-\\-Ên-se -th- ¶-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu tem- kzmÀ-° -Xm-ev-]-cy-§Ä-¡v- Z-\\n-¸n-¡p-¶ HmÀ-½-I-fm-Wv. th-ïn-bpw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p- kv-{Xo-I-fpw s]¬-Ip-«n-I- Iw- kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡pw -A-h-Im- I-bm-Wv- sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶-Xv. fpw- kw-c-£n-¡-s¸-Sp-sa- sXm-«p-Iq-Sm-bv-a-bpw -A-k- ¶v I-cp-Xp-¶ ta-J-e-bnÂ- i-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. a-Xz-§-fpw- Xp-S-¨p-am-äp-¶- A-hÀ -Iq-Sp-X B-{I-a-W Xn-\\v tI-c-f-¯n [m-cm-fw -hn-t[-b-cm-Ip-¶p- F-¶-Xm- \"b-{X \\m-cy-kv-Xp ]‑q-Py-s´ -{]-Xn-tj-[ {]-Øm-\\-§-fpw Wv- k-Xym-h-Ø. -A-¡m-e-¯p- D-bÀ-¶p-h-¶p. tem-I-¯n-sâ- X-sâ- hn-P-b- c-a-s´ X-{X tZ-h-Xm : F-¶m -B-[p-\\n-I- tI-c-fw ¯n-sâ- ap-¶n \\nÀ-¯m³ bs- s{XX- mk- vX- p \\ ]q‑ P- ys- ´ kÀ-hm-kv-X-{Xm-^-em : {In- bm: (a-\\p-kv-ar-Xn). F-hn-sS-bm-tWm -kv-{Xo-IÄ ]q-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv- A-hn-sS- sb-Ãmw -tZ-h-X-IÄ- k-t´m- jn-¡p-¶p. kv-{Xo-sb _-lp- am-\\n-¡m-¯n-S-¯v- sN-¿p-¶ IÀ-a-§Ä -F-Ãmw \\n-jv-^-e- am-bn-Xo-cpw. H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 29

Ansha V. K. (Physical Science ) मंै भी चाहती हूँ | ज़िनद् गी कय् ा अजीब है | कभी लगता है कि, ये तो आसान है | कभी लगता है कि, ये तो मशु क् िल है | पापा को दवाई खारिदना, माँ को रसोईघर की सामान दने ा भाई को पठाना.... क्या सही है मरे ी ज़िनद् गी ? सबु ह दौड़कर काम को जाना, शाम को तो घर की काम भी... बहुत जलद् ी दिन दौड़ता है मगर हर एक रात ; मंै भी चाहती हँ,ू आज़ादी से जीना | मैं भी चाहती हँ,ू घूमने जाना | मंै भी चाहती हँू परिवार के साथ छटू ियाँ मनाना | मैं भी चाहती हूँ, पय् ार करना | मंै भी चाहती हँू, अराम से सोना | मैं भी चाहती हँ.ू ... क्या मरे ी चाहत सच्च होगा ? कय् ा मरे ी चाहत सही है ? H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 30

Lekshmi (Sanskrit ) Life is a struggle Life is a continuous dra- He protects himself against whole history of mankind heat and cold, diseases is a story of man’s struggle ma. A man has to fight and death. He tries hard to against forces of nature. against numerous odds achieve honor and wealth. Struggle has its rewards from birth till death. His He scales the mountain and pleasure. Why then challenges becomes more and explores into the sea. should one shun it or try to and more and acute day by His actions involve risk. escape from it? It is always day. Even a new born baby There are no gains without known that laziness and has to cry in order to get pains. In this world only negligence are our arch en- its feed. As a child grows, the fittest will survive. The emies. he fights against ignorance. H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 31

Shilpa Omanakuttan (Sanskrit ) PohnXw s]mcnshbnen Np«p s]mÅp¶ `qanbmIps¶³ lrZbw X]vXamw kqcysâ NqSpIW§Ä Ip¯n apdn¡p¶psh³ icocs¯ Hmtcm t\\À¯shbn¡jvWhpw Bg¯n ]Xn¡p¶pF¶pÅn Bßmhn³ {]XoIamw \\£{X§ÄX³ ]cnlmkw hoWSnbp¶p F³ \\ngen Hmtcm {]Xo£bpw Fs¶ X\\n¨m¡n aS§pt¼mÄ thZ\\bn \\odn ]pIbps¶³ PohnXw AÔImcamw Iqcncp«n shfn¨w adbp¶ t]mse Rm\\pw adbv¡p¶p F³ thZ\\sb BsªmgpIp¶ XncameIsft]mse Ft§ms«¶dnbmsX hnXp¼ps¶³ PohnXw A\\´Xbn hnimeambn Dd§p¶ BImis¯ t]mse Häbv¡mIp¶p Rm\\pw F³ thZ\\bpw. H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 32

Rahul S. (Physical Science ) जीत मेरी है समय के चलते चलते कही रूक गया है मरे े आवाज़ | कही रूक गया है मरे ा सोच | किसी ने मझु े हसं ने से रोका मन मंे बस अधं रे ा ही घुस गया... बेरोजगारी मझु े सताती है पसै े के कमियां मुझे सताती है प्रशन् चिन बन गया आगे का जीवन आंसुओ से लड़ते हएु , मेरा बिसत् र... अकले पे न से गुजरे हुए, जीवन में रोशनी की झलक के रपू मंे सनु ा मंै एक आवाज़ | हार मत मानो... चलते रहो हा,ँ हार मत मानो चलते रहो | रात होगी तो दिन भी होगा पता है मझु को कहाँ से शुरू करना अधं ेरा से रोशनी लानी हे मुझे बस अब जीत मेरी है | H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 33

Abhirami A`napJw (Natural Science ) PohnX¯nsâ shÃphnfnItfmSv s]mcpXn apt¶dp¶ {]Xm]³ hmf¯pwKepambn Hcp A`napJw F-§s\\bm-Wv A-]-I-Sw- D-ïm-b-Xv? A-]-I-Sw- ]-än-bt¸mgp-Å- am-\\-kn-Im-h-kvY- F-´m-bn-cp-¶p- ? hn-Zym-`ym-k¯n-\\ptijw- Rm-³- F-Â- sF- kn- G-P-âm-bn-«v -tPmen- -sN¿p-I-bm-bn-cp- A-]-I-Sw- kw-`-hn-¨t¸mÄ- Rm-³- h-Ãm- ¶p-. A-Xn-\\ptijw- H-cp- c-ïp-h-À-jw- I-gn- ïv X-f-À-¶pt]mbn-. H-cn-¡-epw- Xn-cn- ªm-Wv F-\\n-¡v A-]-I-Sw- D-ïm-b-Xv. ¨p- h-cm-³- I-gn-bpsa¶v{]-Xo-£n-¨n-Ã-. -tIm«-b-¯v \\s«Ãn-sâ Nn-In-Õbv¡m-bn- A-]-I-Ss¯¡p-dn-¨v Iq-Sp-X-Â- hy-à- -t]‑mbt¸mgm-Wv F-sâ CtX A-h-kvY- am-¡mtam ? bn-Â- I-gn-bp-¶- H-cp-]m-Sv -t]cpsï¶v Rm-³- Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-¶-Xv. ]ns¶ Po-hn-Xw- Rm-³- -tPmen- I-gn-ªv Xn-cn-¨v ho-«nte¡v Xn-cn-¨p- ]n-Sn-¡m-\\p-Å- {i-a-¯n-em-bn-cp- h-cpt¼mÄ- H-cp- Im-À- h-¶v C-Sn-¡p-I-bm-bn- ¶p-. cp-¶p-. Rm-³- -ss_¡n-em-Wv bm-{X- -sN- bvX-Xv. A-h-À- a-Zy-]n-¨m-Wv h-ïn- Hm-Sn-¨n- Ct¸mÄ- Po-hn-X-¯n-Â- GsäSp-¯- cp-¶-Xv. A-]-I-Ss¯ Xp-S-À-¶v \\s«Ãn-\\v a-äp-Np-a-X-e-I-Ä- Fs´m-s¡bm-Wv? -s]‑m«-Â- D-ïm-hp-I-bpw- \\s«Ãv -s]m«p-I-bp‑w- ‑ sNbvXp-. B-Zyw- -sIm«n-bw- -tlmfnt{Im- -tdUntbm aptJ-s\\ ]-cn-N-bs¸«- kv -tlmkv]n-ä-en-Â- -sImïpt]mbn- Nn-In- -t{imXm-¡-Ä- ]-e-cpw- -tNÀ-¶v kp- ÕI-Ä- \\-S-¯n-. Xp-S-À-Nn-In-ÕI-Ä- Inw-kv ly-Xw- Nm-cn-ä-_n-Ä- skmsskän- -tlmkv]n-ä-en-Â- B-bn-cp-¶p-. Fs¶mcp- kw-L-S-\\- B-cw-`n-¨p-. In-S-¸n-em-b- -tcmKn-I-Ä-¡pw- Iym-³-kÀ- A-]-I-Sw- \\-S-¶n-«v- Ct¸mÄ- -tc‑mKn-I-Ä-¡pw- [-\\-klm-bw-, In-ä-v hn-X-c- F-{X- h-À-j-am-bn-? Ww- F-¶n-h- -sN¿p-¶p-ïv. Rm-\\nt¸mÄ- kp-ly-Xw- Nm-cn-ä-_n-Ä- skmsskän-bnse 2006 G-{]n-Â- 22\\m-Wv A-]-I-Sw- \\-S-¶-Xv- sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-«v {]-h-À-¯n-¨p-h-cp-¶p-. Ct¸mÄ- 16 h-À-jw-I-gn-ªp-. 7, 8 h-À-jw- ho- A-Xpt]m-se Xs¶ Hm-Ä- -tIc-f- ho- «n-Â- Xs¶ In-S-¸n-em-bn-cp-¶p-. ]‑p-dw- -temI- ÂsNb-À- B-³-Uv -s^Utdj-sâ hp-am-bn- H-cp- _-Ô-hpw- C-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p-. kw-kvYm-\\- X-e-¯nse -tPmbn-â v ]‑ns¶bm-Wv ho-Â- -sNb-dnte¡v Po-hn-Xw- sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-«pw- -sImÃw- Pn-Ãm- sk{I- am-dn-b-Xv. H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 34

«-dn-bm-bn-«pw- {]-h-À-¯n-¡p-¶p-ïv. Hm-Ä- -tIc-f- ho-ÂsNb-À- A-tkmkntbj-³- & - s^Ut‑dj-sâ -t\\Xr-X-z-¯n-Â- Fs´m-s¡ {]-h-À-¯- \\-§-Ä- -sN¿p-¶p-ïv ? Cu- kw-L-S-\\-bpsS Io-gn-Â- Ct¸mÄ- 200 Hm-fw- Aw-K-§-fp-ïv. A-h-À-¡v -thï- F-Ãm- klm-b-§-fpw- R-§-Ä- -sNbvXp- -sImSp-¡p-¶p-ïv. \\qtdmfw- -t]À-¡v -ssek³-kv C-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p-. R-§-fpsS C-Ss]S-Â- Im-c-Ww- A-h-À-¡v -ssek³- kv F-Sp-¯psImSp-¯p-. A-Xpt]m-se A-h-À-¡v -thï- U-b-¸-À-, ho-ÂsNb-À-, [-\\-klm-bw- Hs¡ Cu- kw-L-S-\\-bpsS -t\\Xr-X-z-¯n-Â- \\-Â-Ip-¶p-ïv. bm-{Xsbm-s¡ F-§s\\bm-Wv? ]-Tn-¸n-¡m-³- -t]‑mbn-cp-¶p-. B-Ivkn-U-â v B-b-Xn-\\p- -tijw- B-Wv A-Xv ap-S-§n-b-Xv. ho-«n-Â-Xs¶ I-gn-ª- ka-b-¯v ho- Ct¸mÄ- Ip-d-¨p-Ip-«n-I-Ä-¡v Rm-³- ho-«n-Â- Â- -sNb-dn-Â- B-bn-cp-¶p- bm-{X-. ]ns¶ Syq-j-³- F-Sp-¡p-¶p-ïv. -tImÀ-¸tdj-\\n-Â- \\ns¶mcp- h-ïn- In- «n- Ct¸mÄ- 7, 8 h-À-j-am-bn- h-ïn-bn-Â- ItemÕhthZn-bnse Xs¶bm-Wv bm-{X-. A-\\p-`-hw- ]-¦p-h-bv¡mtam? _n-F-Uv -tImgvkv -sN¿m-\\p-Å- - 2021 Â- \\-S-¶- -tIc-f-kÀ-h-I-em-im-e- t{]c-W- F-´m-bn-cp-¶p- ? ItemÕh- -thZn-bn-Â- F-\\n-¡v ]s¦Sp- ¡m-³- km-[n-¨p-. an-an-{In-, e-fn-X-Km-\\w-, _n-F-Uv -sN¿-Wsa¶v F-\\n-¡v -t\\cs¯ ]-Zy-]‑m-cm-b-Ww- F-¶o- C-\\-§-fn-Â- Rm- Xs¶ B-{K-l-ap-ïm-bn-cp-¶p-. ]ns¶ bq- ³- a-Õcn-¨p-. -ss{]kv H-¶pw-In-«n-bnsæn- Syq-_n-Â- \\n-j-l-ºv Fs¶mcp- bq-Syq-_v epw- C-§s\\ H-cp- -thZn-In-«n-b-Xn-Â- A-Xn- Nm-\\-ep-ïv. A-Xnse ho-Untbm F-\\n-¡v bm-b- k-t´mj-ap-ïv. A-Xpt]m-se Cu- -tImgvknte¡v -tNcm-³- H-cp-]m-Sv {] a-Õc-bn-\\-¯n-Â- G-ä-hpw- {]m-bw- Iq-Sn-b- tN‑mZ-\\-am-bn-cp-¶p-. hy-àn-bpw- Rm-\\m-bn-cp-¶p-. B- ka-b-¯v ]-{X-¯nsem-s¡ A-Xv h-en-b-hm-À-¯-bm- A-[ym-]-I- -taJ-etbmSp-Å- bn-cp-¶p-. Xm-ev]-cyw-? A-[ym-]-\\- -taJ-e- F-\\n-¡v h-en-b- C-ã- am-Wv. 2004 Un-{Kn-I-gn-ª- ka-b-¯v Rms\\‑mcp- \\m-ev h-À-jw- Syqt«mdn-be-nÂ- H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 35

_n- F-Uv G-Xv -tIm-tfPn- A-]-I-S-¯n-\\p- -tijw- em-Wv -sN¿p-¶-Xv? hn-Zym-`ym-kw- F-hnsSbm-Wv Xp-S- §n-b-Xv? -tXh-Ån- _n- F-Uv -tIm-tfPnse hn-Zym-À-°n- bm-Wv. A-]-I-S-¯n-\\ptijw- Rm-³- Un-kvä-â v B-bn-«m-Wv a-{Zm-kv bq-Wnthgvkn-än-bn-Â- tIm-tfPn-Â- \\n-¶p-Å- Un-{KnsNbvX-Xv. _n- F- ln-µn- B-bn-cp- ]‑n-´p-W- ? ¶p-. ]n-¶o-Sv A-hnsS \\n-¶p-Xs¶ Fw-. F- ln-µn- ]-Tn-¨p-. \\-Ã- co-Xn-bn-Â- D-Å- kl-I-c-Ww- F-\\n-¡v -tIm-tfPn-Â- \\n-¶v e-`n-¡p-¶p-ïv. A-hn- I-etbmSv \\-Ã- Xm-ev]-cyw- Sps¯ {]n-³-kn-¸m-Ä- hn-Zym-À-°n-I-Ä- Xp- D-Å- hy-àn-bmsW¶v A-dn- S-§o- F-Ãm-h-cpsSbpw- k-t¸mÀ-«v F-\\n-¡v ªp-. Ip-ªp-\\m-Ä- ap-X-Â- A-Xp- C-¶p-ïv. Rm-³- h-ïn-bn-Â- -sNÃpt¼mÄ- ïm-bn-cpt¶m ? -tIm-tfPn-Â- F-\\n-¡m-bn- kq-£n-¨n-«p-Å- ho-ÂsNb-dn-Â- Fs¶ F-Sp-¯n-cp-¯pw-. kvIq-Ä- Im-e-b-f-hn-Â- Xs¶ F-\\n-¡v A-Xpt]m-seXs¶ F-sâ ¢m-kvap-I-fn-em- I-etbmSv \\-Ã- Xm-ev]-cyw-B-bn-cp-¶p-. bn-cp-¶p-. AXv- -Xmsgbm-¡n-X-¶p-. A-Xpt]‑m- an-an-{In-, ]m-«v a-Õc-§-Ä-¡v Hs¡ ] seXs¶ ¢m-kn-epw- _m-Xvdq-an-epw- dmw-]v sN- s¦Sp-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p-. A-]-I-S-¯n-\\pti- bvXp-X-¶p-. jw- F-\\n-¡v ]m-«v ]-Tn-¡-Wsa¶v B-{K- l-ap-ïm-bn-cp-¶p-. P-b-³- km-À- (]m-«v tIm-tfPn-Â- B-À-Svkv ¢-_v sk{I-«-dn- A-[ym-]-I-³-) H-¶-c-h-À-jt¯mfw- ho- BsW¶-dn-ªp-. F-´m-Wv A-Xn-Â- «n-Â-h-¶v F-\\n-¡v ]m-«v ]-Tn-¸n-¨p-X-¶p-. \\n-¶p-Å- A-\\‑p-`-h-§-fpw- {]-h-À-¯-\\- §-fpw- ? sImÃw- -tNmbvkv -thmbn-kv Km-\\taf- {Sq-¸v Xp-S-§m-³- D-ïm-b- 2021 - 2022 -tIm-tfPv bq-Wn-b-³- C-e-£- km-l-N-cyw-? \\n-Â- B-Wv Rm-³- B-À-Svkv ¢-_v sk{I- «-dn-bm-bn-a-Õcn-¨-Xv. `q-cn-]-£w- -thm«v P-b-³- km-dn-sâ -t\\Xr-X-z-¯n-Â- B-Wv In-«n-b- N-cn-{X- hn-P-b-ap-lq-À-¯w- B-bn-cp- Rm-³- B-Zy-am-bn- Km-\\taf-cw-K-¯v ¶p-. \\-Ã- co-Xn-bn-ep-Å- H-cp-]‑m-Sv B-À-Svkv F-¯n-b-Xv. ho-Sn-sâ A-Sp-¯p-Å- in- dnteä-Uv a-Õc-§-fpw- -t{]‑m{Km-ap-I-fpw- ht£{X-¯n-em-Wv Rm-³- B-Zy-am-bn- \\-S-¯n-h-cp-¶p-ïv. ]ns¶ -tIm-tfPnte¡v Km-\\taf- \\-S-¯n-b-Xns\\Xp-S-À-¶m-Wv th-ïn- H-cp- ku-ïv an-IvkÀ- i-cn-bm-¡n- -sIm- F-\\ns¡mcp- Km-\\taf- {Sq-¸v Xp-S-§-Ww- Sp-¡psa¶v C-e-£-³- ka-b-¯v Rm-³- hm- F-¶- B-{K-l-ap-ïm-b-Xv. KvZm-\\w- \\-Â-In-bn-cp-¶p-. ]n-¶o-Sv kv-t]‑m¬- kÀ-jn-¸n-Â- A-Xv Rm-³- -tIm-tfPnte¡v -thïn- i-cn-bm-¡nsImSp-¯p-. G-ItZiw- 7500 cq-]- hn-e-bp-Å- ku-ïvan-IvkÀ-, a-Wn- I-WvT-³-, jo-P- a-Wn-I-WvT-³- F-¶- _n-kn- \\-kvIm-cm-Wv kv-t]‑m¬-kÀ-jn-¸v -sNbvX-Xv. H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 36

{Sq-¸v Xp-S-§n-bn-«v Ct¸mÄ- {]m-À-°n-¡p-¶p-. F-{X- h-À-j-am-bn- ? A-Xn-sâ{]-h-À-¯- a-d-¡m-\\m-Im-¯- H-cp- A-\\p-`-h-ap-ïv \\-§-Ä- Hs¡ \\-Ã- co-Xn-bn-Â- -t]mIp- H-cn-¡-Â- R-§-fpsS A-hnsSbp-Å- ¶ptïm? H-cp- -t£{X-¯n-Â- Km-\\taf- \\-S-¯m- \\‑m-bn- `o-a- »q- U-b-a-ïvkv F-¯p-I- {Sq-¸v Xp-S-§n-bn-«v Ct¸mÄ- G-ItZiw- F-«p- bpw- A-h-cn-Â- H-cm-fm-bn- ]‑m-Sm-³- F-\\n-¡v h-À-jw- B-bn-«p-ïv. \\-Ã- co-Xn-bn-Â- Xs¶ A-h-kcw- X-cmsa¶pw- ]-d-ªp‑. A-§s\\ apt¶m«p- -t]mIp-¶p-ïv. Cu- {Sq-¸v Xp-S-§n- Rm-³- C-{X-bpw- h-en-b- H-cp- {Sq-¸n-Â- ]‑m- c-ïv h-À-jw- I-gn-ªt¸mÄ- ^vfthgvkv Sm-³- A-h-kcw- In-«n-b-Xn-Â- H-cp-]‑m-Sv -tIma-Un- D-Õh-¯n-Â- \\n-¶v H-cp- £-Ww- k-t´mjn-¨p-. F-¶m-Â-Fs´m-s¡-tbm In-«n-bn-cp-¶p-. A-§s\\ ^vfthgvkn-Â- Im-c-W-§-Ä- -sImïv B- -thZn-kw-Lm-S- -t{]‑m{Kmw- A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-hm-³- I-gn-ªp-. I-À- F-\\n-¡m-bn- \\ntj[n-¨p-. ]m-S-Wsa¶v Rm-³- ]-d-ªp-. F-sâ Po-hn-X-¯n-Â- H-cn- sImÃw- -tdUntbm -s_³-kn- ¡-epw- a-d-¡m-\\m-Im-¯- H-cp- A-\\p-`-h-am-bn- K-dnse {]-h-À-¯-\\- Im-es¯¡p-dn-¨v cp-¶p-A-Xv. A-Xn-\\ptijw- B-Wv Rm-³- ]-d-bmtam ? kz-´-am-bn- {Sq-¸v Xp-S-§p-I-bpw- A-Xnte¡v ]m-Sm-³- A-h-kcw-In-«m-¯- H-cp-]m-Sv -t]cv F-sâ Po-hn-X-¯nte¡p-Å- Xn-cn-¨p-h-c- ]m-Sn-¸n-¡p-I-bpw- Hs¡ -sNbvX-Xv. hv Cu- -tdUntbm -s_³-kn-K-dn-eqsSbm- H-cp- I-em-e-b-¯nse kmw-kvIm-cn-I- kw- bn-cp-¶p-. A-hnsS Rm-³- B-Zy-am-bn- cw-`-§-fpsS BsI Xp-I-bm-Wv am-K-kn-³-. km-´z-\\w- Fs¶mcp- ]-cn-]‑m-Sn-Xp-S-§n-. am-K-kn-\\n-Â- F-sâ H-cp- B-À-«n-¡n-Ä- {]-Xn-kÔn-bn-Â- X-f-cp-¶-hsc Ip-dn-¨p-Å- h-cp-¶-¯s¶ H-cp-]m-Sv k-t´mjw-. Ip- -t{]‑m{Km-am-bn-cp-¶p-A-Xv. H-cp-]m-Sv -t]‑À- B- «n-I-Ä- \\-· -sNbvXp-h-f-cp-I-bpw- a-äp-Å- ]-cn-]m-SntIÄ-¡p-I-bpw-hn-fn-¡p-I-bpw-Hs¡ hsc klm-bn-¡m-\\p-Å- \\-Ã- H-cp- a-\\-Êv -sNbvXn-cp-¶p-. F-\\n-¡v Po-hn-¡m-³- H-cp- D-ïm-¡nsbSp-¡p-I-bpw- -thWw-. am-Xm-]‑n- B-ß-hn-i-zm-kw- \\-Â-In-b- {]-h-À-¯-\\- Im- Xm-¡sf -t]‑m-seXs¶ Ip-«n-I-fnse H-cp- e-am-bn-cp-¶p-A-Xv. \\-Ã- kp-lr-¯vIq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-¡-Ww- H-cp- A-[ym-]-I-³-. `m-hn- e-£y-§-Ä- Fs´m- s¡bm-Wv ? Ct¸mgs¯ F-sâ{]-[m-\\- e-£yw- F-¶v ]-d-bp-¶-Xv \\-Ã- H-cp- A-[ym- ]-I-³- B-I-Ww-F-¶-Xm-Wv. -tImgvkv I-gn-ªm-Â- D-S-³-Xs¶ \\sÃmcp- kvIq-fn-Â- -tPmbn-³- -sN¿-Ww-. A-Xpt]‑m-seXs¶ I-em- -taJ-e-bn-epw-F-sâ ]-¦m-fn-¯w- Xp- S-c-Ww-. kvIq-fn-Â- -t]mbm-epw- A-hns- Sb‑pw- ]m-«pw- an-an-{In-bpw- Hs¡ Ip-«n-I-Ä-¡v ]-¦psh¡-Ww-. A-Xpt]m-se kn-\\n-a-bn-Â- ]m-Sm-\\pw- A-`n-\\-bn-¡m-\\pw- Hs¡ Xm-ev]-cy- ap-ïv. A-Xn-\\p-Å- A-h-kcw- In-«s« F-¶v H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 37

Maneesha M (Malayalam ) H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 38

{]bmWw H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 39

Sruthi T. J. (Physical Science ) imkv{X¯nsâ teUn tdm_n³lpUv \"-hn-Rm-\\ {]-Øm-\\¯- n-sâ- am¡- m³ \\nb- a- w- ewL- n¡- p¶- än-eq-sS- e-`y-am-¡p-I-bm-Wv I-km-¡n-Øm³ K-th-j-I. sci-hub tem-I-¯n-\\p th- Xpd- ¶- {]t- hi- \\- ¯- n\\- mb- pÅ- - imk- v{- X ]pt- cmK- X- n¡- v- Bi- - ïn- sN-¿p-¶-Xv. A-¡m-Z-an-Iv Hc- p H- ä- b- mÄ t]mc- m«- ¯- ns- â b§- f- ps- S s]mX- p- DS- a- Ø- X- -t]-¸-dp-I-fn-te-¡v- th-K-¯n- I-Y ' A\\- nh- mc- ya- mW- .v Hm¬s- se³ epw- ku-I-cy-{]-Z-am-bpw- im-kv-{Xw s]m-Xp-\\-·bv-¡p- hn-h-c-§Ä- ku-P-\\y-am-bn K-th-j-IÀ-¡v {]-th-i-\\w Å-Xm-Wv, F-Ãm-hÀ-¡pw-im- -ssI-am-dp-¶-Xn-\\v CâÀ-s\\- km-[y-am-¡p-I am-{X-am-bn-cp- k{-v X]- c- a- mb- ]p‑ t- cmK- X- nb- n änÂ- A-dn-hn-sâ- ku-P-\\y ¶p- B-Zy- Im-e-¯v- C-Xn-sâ- ]-¦p-tN-cm³ A-h-Im-i-ap- hn-h-c-W-s¯-bpw- C-¶v \\n- e-£yw. F-¶mÂ- A-Xn-sâ- ïv. F-¶m ]-e-t¸m-gpw-A- e-\\nÂ-¡p-¶ ]-IÀ-¸-h-Im-i kzoI- mc- yX- s- b- hne- b- nc- p¯- n Xv- A-km-[y-am-bn-am-dp-¶p. \\n-b-aw X-S-bn-Sp-¶p. 2011þ ]‑n-¶o-Sv- F-Ãm- - im-kv-{X- A-Xn-s\\-Xn-cm-bp-Å H-cp kv- B-Wv I-¼yq-«À k-b³-kv hpw- kz-X-{´-am-¡p-I F-¶ {Xob- ps- S- Hä- b- mÄ t]m‑ c- m«- ¯- n- t{]m{- Kma- d- mb- FÂ_- I- ym³ Bt- Kmf- - e£- yw- kzoI- c- n¡- p- sâ- IY- b- mW- nX- .v \\nb- a- ¯- n\\- v sci-hub Øm-]n-¡p-¶-Xv. Ib- mb- nc- p¶- p. CX- n\\- mb- n- kz- ap¶- nÂ- Ipä- ¡- mc- nb- mW- h- Ä, X-sâ- K-th-j-W- Im-e-¯v, ´w- Po-hn-Xw t]‑m-epw- - am-än- F¶- mÂt- emI- a- \\- k- m£- nb- v- ]-W-an-Ãm-¯-Xn-\\mÂ- X-s¶- sh-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv- A-hÀ. ¡v- ap-¶nÂ- lo-tdm-bpw. bpw-h-en-b- tP-W-ep-I-fp-sS A-dn-hv- tImÀ-¸-td-äp-I-fp-sS- A-e-I-vkm-{µ A-k-t\\m-hv-\\ {]-kn-²o-I-c-W-§Ä e-`y-a- kzI- mc- yk- z¯- mb- n- amd- nb- nc- n- FÂ-_-Iym³, tem-I-¯n- Ãm-sX- h-¶-t¸m-gm-Wv- C-¯- ¡p-¶ C-¶-s¯ Øn-Xn-¡v- se- G-ä-hpw -h-en-b- A-¡m- cs- amc- p- Bi- b- w- DÛ- h- n¨- X- v. FX- ns- c- Cd- §- n¯- nc- n¨- [oc- Z-an-Iv t]-¸-dp-IÄ-¡m-bp-Å- `o-a-am-b -k-_v-kv-{In-]‑v-j³ h\\- nX- b- mW- -v Ae- I- k-v m{- µ. {]- tam-ãv-m-¡-fp-sS- ssk-äm-b Nn-e-hv- aq-ew- e-`y-am-Im-¯ ap-J I-¼-\\n-I-fm-b- B-¸nÄ, -'sci-hub'-þ-sâ- Øm-]-I. im- {]-_-Ô-§Ä kz-´w- ssk- KqK- nÄ- XpS- §- nb- h- s- b¡- mf- pw- k{-v Xw- FÃ- mh- À¡- pw k- uP- \\- y- H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 40

em-`w- C-¶v -C-¯-cw- tImÀ-¸- cn¸- n¡- p¶- pï- .v Cu XpI- b- ps- S Wv-A-e-I-vkm-{µ t\\-cn-tS-ïn- tdä- pI- Ä- Kt- hj- W- {- ]_- Ô- - \\qd- ns- em¶- pc- q]- t]me- pw- CX- v h-cp-¶-Xv. F-¶mÂ- A-Xn-\\p §Ä hn¸- \\- ¨- c- ¡- m¡- n- amä- n {]k- n²- oI- c- n¡- m³ Nne- h- mI- p- ap³]- n t- Xmä- p ap«- pI- p¯- m³, t\\-Sp-¶p-ïv. h-en-b- Xp-I-bm- ¶nÃ- - F¶- X- mW- -v hmk- X-v h- w. imk- {-v X¯- ns- â- IS- Â- sImÅ- - Wv ]e- {]_- Ô- §- f- nt- e¡- pw A-dn-hn-\\v X-S-bn-Sp-¶ Cu ¡mc- ps- S c- mÚ- n F- ¶- h-v nt- i- {]t- hi- n¡- p¶- X- n\\- mb- n- Ch- À- h-en-b- th-en-s¡-«p-I-fm-Wv jn¸- n¡- p¶- teU- n tdm_- n³- tNm-Zn-¡p-¶-Xv. C-Xv km-[m- sci-hub C-¶v- X-IÀ-¯n-cn- lp-Uv X-¿m-d-Ã. cW- P\\- §- f- nt- e¡- v i- mk- {-v Xw ¡p-¶-Xv. sci-hub þ-\\v B-Zy \\n-b-a-{]- F- ¯- ns- ¸S- p¶- X- v- XS- Ê- s- ¸S- p- sci-hub sâ- apt- ¶ä- w a- qe- w `oa- - Xn-tcm-[ kw-L-s¯ \\Â-In- ¯p-¶p. h-en-b ]p-tcm-K-Xn- am-b \\-ãw t\\-cn-tS-ïn -h-¶ b-Xv- C-´y-bn \\n-¶p-am-Wv. bp-Å-h-f-sc -Ip-d-¨v- Øm-]- {]-ap-J ]-»n-jnw-Kv `o-a-·mÀ- tem-I-s¯ sci-hub D-]-t`m- \\-§Ä-¡pw- cm-Py-§Ä-¡pw AX- ps- Imï- -v Xs- ¶ shd- ps- X- àm-¡-fp-sS F-®-¯nÂ- am-{Xw Xm-§m³ I-gn-bp-¶ bnc- p¶- nÃ- . sci-hubþ\\- v FX- ns- c cï- mw- Øm\\- ¯- mW- v- C´- y. Xp-I-bm-Wv- A-hÀ- B-h-iy- \\nc- h- [- n tIk- pI- f- mW- -v C¶- -v \\-½p-sS cm-Py-¯n-sâ- im-kv- s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bp-Å hnh- n[- cmP- y§- f- ne- mb- n \\S- ¡- p- {X-]‑p-tcm-K-Xn-bn sci-hub hne- h- À²- \\- h- v ]e- Ø- m]- \\- §- - ¶X- v. \\nb- a- ¯- ns- â ]c- nc- £- h-ln-¨ Øm-\\w sN-dp-X-Ã. sfb- pw Cu {]a- pJ- - tImÀ¸- t- d- Ah- À¡- -v e`- n¡- p¶- X- p s- Imï- -v 87 e-£-¯n-e-[n-Iw- K-th- äpI- s- f _l- nj- I-v c- n¡- m³ t{]- X-s¶ h-en-b- sh-Ãp-hn-fn-bm- j-W {]-_-Ô-§Ä sci- H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 41

hub \\Â-Ip-¶p. UÂ-ln k{-v Xs- ¯ {]k- n²- oI- c- n¡- p¶- - e-`y-am-Wv. F-¶mÂ- A-Xn -bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än-bn \\n-¶pw Xn-\\v Nn-e-hp-IÄ- D-sï-¶pw h-cp-¶ \\-ãw- A-hÀ \\n-I- _nc- pZ- w- - Ic- Ø- a- m¡- nb- \\- nt- e- B Nne- h- pI- Ä- hos- ïS- pt- ¡- ¯p¶- X- v- teJ- I- c- nÂ- \\n¶- pw jv- sPb- n³ F¶- bph- - A`- n- ï-Xp-ïv- F-¶p-am-Wv {]-km- {]k- n²- oI- c- n¡- m\\- mb- n `oa- a- mb- `mj- I- \\- mW- v- BZ- yw C- X- ns- \\ [-I-cp-sS-hm-Zw. F-¶m X- pI- B- h- i- ys- ¸«- ps- Imï- mW- .v ]n-´p-W- A-dn-bn-¨-Xv. ]n-¶o- -b-YmÀ-°-¯nÂ- K-th-j-IÀ- A-Xpw- t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡-s¸- Sv- A-¡m-Z-an-Iv- hn-Z-Kv-[À DÄ- ¡v- C-Xn \\n-¶pw- em-`-sam- tS-ï H-¶-Ã. \\n-c-h-[n K-th- s¸s- S \\nc- h- [- n- t]À ]n´- pW- ¶pw- e-`n-¡p-¶n-Ã- F-¶-Xm- j-I-cp-sS- X-e-t¨m-dn-\\n-Sp-¶ \\Â-In. Hm-¸¬ B-I-vk-kv, Wv- hm-kv-X-hw. K-th-j-W Xp-I-bm-Ipw -A-Xv. _u²- nI- k- z¯- h- I- mi- w d±- m- `m-hn-¡m-bn- G-ä-hpw \\-à tIm-¸n- A-Sn-¡p-¶-Xv- tam-ãn- ¡Â, hnZ- ym`- ymk- ]- c- h- pw i- m- tP-W-ep-IÄ {]-kn-²o-I-cn- ¡p¶- X- n\\- v Xpe- ya- Ã- - F¶- X- m- kv-{Xo-b-hp-am-b- h-kv-Xp-¡Ä- ¨v h-cp-I -F-¶-Xv- am-{X-am- Wv- Ae- I- vk- m{- µb- ps- S- hmZ- w. ¡v- ta-ep-Å ]-IÀ-¸-h-Im-iw W-v Ah- c- ps- S- Bh- i- yw. AX- n- A-hn-sS- D-S-a-bp-sS- ssI-h- d- ±- m¡- Â- F¶- nh- b- mb- nc- p¶- p, \\m-bn- kz-´w -{]-_-Ô-§Ä im-h-Im-iw \\-ã-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. {]a- pJ- h- mZ- w. hnZ- ymÀ°- nI- f- p- {]-km-[-IÀ-¡v -ssI-h-im-h- Ih- À¨- b- Ã- , kma- ql- nI- \\oX- n- sS- Ad- nh- nt- e¡- pÅ- - {]t- hi- \\- - Imi- w \\ÂI- pI- b- mW- v- sN¿- p- bmW- v {- ][- m\\- s- a¶- pw- teU- n ¯n\\- v t\\s- cb- pÅ- B{- Ia- W- - ¶-Xv. C-t¸mÄ- Nn-e- ‘open tdm-_n³-lp-Uv hm-Zn-¡p-¶p. amb- n C´- y³ imk- {-v X temI- w accessible’ tP-W-ep-IÄ- F-t¸mÄ- tI-sk-Sp-¡p-sa-¶v- {]a- pJ- {]k- m[- I- À sci-hub \\v F-Xn-sc- UÂ-ln- ssl-t¡m- SX- nb- n \\ÂI- nb- t- Ik- ns- \\ hna- Ài- n¨- p. Ah- c- ps- S `oa- a- mb- - k_- k-v {-v In]- j-v‑ ³ sNe- h- mW- v sci-hub þ-s\\ B-{i-bn-¡m³ \\nÀ-_-Ôn-X-cm-¡p-¶-Xv. H-cp h-en-b- A-Ûp-X-I-c-am-b ]t- cm]- I- mc- {Ina- n\\-  kwc- w- `s- a¶- tv- hW- s- a¦- n sci-hub s\\ hn-ti-jn-¸n-¡mw. C-Xn- sâ-i-cn-þ-sX-äp-IÄ A-\\p-am- \\n¡pt- ¼mÄ cï- p `mK- ¯- pw -hm-Z-§Ä- G-sd-bm-Wv. \\n-b- a-]-c-am-b ]-cn-c-£ sci-hub \\v C-Ã. {]-km-[-IÀ C-sÃ- ¦nÂ, im-kv-{X-¯n-\\v a-[y- ØÀ- Dï- mI- nÃ- . {]k- m[- I- À apt- J\\- b- Ã- ms- X- Hm¬s- se\\- m- bn-Xp-d-¶ e-`y-X- K-th-j-W -{]-_-Ô-§Ä-¡v \\Â-I-W- sa-¶v- hm-Zn-¡p-¶ H-cp Iq-«- cpw -D-ïv. F-¶mÂ-A-hn-sS -{]-_-Ô-§-fp-sS -Kp-W-ta-· Hc- p tNmZ- yN- nÓ- a- mI- p¶- p. im- H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 42

tIm-¸n- A-Sn-¡p-¶-Xv- tam-ãn-¡p-¶-Xn-\\v Xp-ey-a-Ã- F-¶-Xm-Wv- A-e-I-vkm-{µ-bp-sS- hm-Zw. A-hn-sS- D-S-a-bp-sS- ssI-h-im-h-Im-iw \\-ã-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. I-hÀ-¨-b-Ã, km-aq-ln-I \\o-Xn-bm-Wv -{]-[m-\\-sa-¶pw- te-Un tdm-_n³-lp-Uv hm-Zn-¡p-¶p. F-t¸mÄ- tI-sk-Sp-¡p-sa-¶v- D-d-¸n-sÃ-¦n t]m-epw- X-sâ- Xo-cp-am-\\-§-fp-am-bn- ap-t¶m-«p t]m-hp-I-bm-Wv- A-e-I-vkm-{µ FÂ-_m-Iy³. Dd- ¸- ns- æ- n t]me- pw- Xs- â- Ae- I- k-v m{- µs- b {]J- ym]- n¨- p. ap³]- n‑ Â- Bt- Lmj- n¡- s- ¸S- m- Xoc- pa- m\\- §- f- pa- mb- n- apt- ¶m«- p \\nc- h- [- n A¡- mZ- a- nI- - hnZ- K- [-v À sX t]mI- p¶- X- v \\nb- a- ¯- n\\- p t]m-hp-I-bm-Wv- A-e-I-vkm- kz-´w {]-kn-²o-I-c-W-§-fn- ap³-]n {]-Xn-tcm-[n-¡m³ {µ FÂ-_m-Iy³. ]-e-t¸m- eq-sS A-hÄ-¡v \\-µn kq-Nn- Ig- nb- ms- X- tXmä- p t]mI- p¶- X- v gpw- A-`n-`m-j-I-sc- Ir-Xy- ¸n-¡p-¶p, _-lp-am-\\‑mÀ-°w- s- Imï- mW- v. F¶- nc- p¶- me- pw, k-a-b-¯v kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡m³ ssPh- C\\- §- Ä¡- -v Ah- c- ps- S Kt- hj- W- k- a- ql- ¯- ns- â a\\- - I-gn-bm-sX- A-hÄ {]-Xn-tcm- t]-cv \\Â-Ip-¶p, s\\m-t_ ÊnÂ- A-hÀ- P-bn-¨v- ap-t¶- [¯- nÂ- tXmä- p t]m‑ I- p¶- pï- .v ss{]-kn-\\p t]m-epw -A-hÀ- dp-¶ te-Un tdm-_n³-lp-Uv Hm-tcm-X-h-W-ssk-äv X-S-bp- ¡-v- AÀ-l-X-bp-sï-¶v- hm-Zn- Bb- n Fs- ¶¶- pw \\ne- \\- n‑ Â- t¼m-gpw ]‑p-Xn-b- H-¶p-am-bn ¡p-¶ t\\m-_ k-½m-\\‑mÀ- ¡pw- F-¶-Xv- XoÀ-¨-bm-Wv. DS- ³ Db- Às- ¯g- pt- ¶Â¡- p¶- p. lÀ- X-s¶-bp-ïv. \\n-c-h-[n 2016þ imk- v{- X¯- ns- e- Gä- - t]À H-fn-ªpw -sX-fn-ªpw- hpw- -an-I-¨ 10 B-fp-I-fp-sS A-h-sc {]-IoÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p- ]«- nI- b- nÂ- Hc- mf- mb- n N- ature ïv. F-¶n-«pw -tem-I-¯n-\\p H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 43

Chithra R (Natural Science ) XWÂ, WWF XpS§nb kwLS\\Ifpambn tNÀ¶v {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ \"\"CtIm tkmepj³kv ' F¶ Øm]\\¯nsâ t{]m{Kmw tImÀUnt\\ädpw Nn{XImcnbpw hnhÀ¯Ibpamb ]cnØnXn {]hÀ¯I {ioaXn hoW acpXqcpambpÅ A`napJ kw`m-jWw. hngnªw ]²Xnbpw ISseSp¯pt]‑mIm\\‑pïmb ImcWw. AX‑nt\\‑mS\\p_Ôn¨pÅ kachpw A¶v AXmcpw a\\Ênem¡nbnÃ. Imem- {]‑t£m`s¯¡pd‑n¨pw hoWmPn t^kv_p¡n ]¦ph¨ t]‑mÌ-v- hØmhyXnbm\\ambmWv ]ec‑paXns\\ Iïncp¶p. XoctZihmknIsf IW¡m¡p¶Xv. F¶m ASnae¯pd, AsX§s\\bmW-v- _m[n¡p¶sX¶v ]Ån¯pd F¶nhnS§f‑n Xocw h¨ph- H¶v hyàam¡m-tam? cp¶pïv. ImehØmhyXnbm\\amsW¦n Xoc§fn Ctdmj³ (as®Sp¯p- sImïv t]mhpI), F{Ioj³(a®v Xncn- CsX§ns\\ kw`hn¡pw? asämcp Imcyw sI sImïphcnIbpw) F¶ {]{InbIÄ km[mcWbmbn \\S¡p¶pïv. ISen\\ aÕy_Ô\\w \\S¡nsöpd¸m¡m³ It¯bv¡v Hcp \\nÀ½mWw \\S¡pt¼mÄ AhnsS Hcp aXn krãn¨v ta¸dª AhnS§fnse XoctZihmknIf‑psS {]{Inb¡v XSÊapïm¡p¶p. Cu Hcp {] iv\\s¯ Bcpw ]cnKWn¡p¶nÃ. {Ko³ ]¡Â \\n¶pw AZm\\n {Kq¸-v t_m«pIs- kvt]kv BhiyamsW¶v ]dbp¶Xv t]‑mse Xs¶ »q kvt]kpw Bhi‑yam- fÃmw hm§n¡gnªp. ap¶qtd¡À BWv W.-v iwJpapJapĸsSb‑pÅ Xoc{] tZi§Ä C¶v Xncph\\´]‑pc¯n\\v \\ \\nÀ½mW hnkvXrXn, AXmbXv aq¶c ãambns¡mïncn¡p¶p. Fgp]XpIf‑psS XpS¡¯n s]‑mgn- IntemaoäÀ AIt¯b‑v¡v. AX‑nent¸mÄ bqcn Hcp XpdapJ\\‑nÀ½mW {] hÀ¯\\w XpS§nh¨X‑mWv sXm«Sp¯pÅ HcpIntemaoäÀ BI‑p¶sXb‑pÅq, ]‑q´pd, henbX‑pd F¶nhnS§fn At¸mtg¡pw C{Xbpw {]iv\\amsW¦n \\‑nÀ½mWw ]qÀ¯nbmIpt¼mt‑g¡pw AsX{Xbm‑ Ipsa¶v \\n§Ä Nn´n¡q. hen- bX‑pd¸mew XqWpIf‑n XoÀ¯X‑n\\‑m AsXmcn¡epw XncameIfpsS k©mcs¯ XSbp¶nà F¶m apg‑ph\\‑mbpw XSÊw krãn¡p¶XmWv A]ISw. hngnª¯v \\S¡p¶Xv AXmW-.v- hnIk\\s¯ sNmÃnbpÅ a\\pjysâ CSs]S sImïv ]p©¡cn t]mepÅ X®oÀXS§Ä \\in¡pIbpw A¯cw BhmkhyhØbnepÅ PohPme§sf H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 44

_m[n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶pïv. F¶m DZmlcW¯n\\v tImÀ]tdj³ ]cn[nbn hnIk\\s¯ Hgnhm¡pI km[yaÃ. hcp¶ Nmcm¨nd Ipf¯nsâ ØnXnsb- C¯c¯n {]IrXnt{kmXÊpIsf kw- Sp¡mw. GItZiw 3 G¡À hnkvXrXnbpÅ c£n¡phm³ ChnSps¯ \\nbahyhØnXn Ipfambn‑ cp¶p AX.v F{X hepXmbn‑ cps¶¶v F{Xt¯mfw klmbIamWv? BtemNn¨pt\\m¡q. Ct¸mgX‑n\\‑pNpäpw \\ {]IrXnt{kmXÊpIsf kwc£n¡m\\pÅ S¸mX sI«nbncn¡pIbmWv. 11 aoätdmfw \\nba§fntems¡Xs¶ ]gpXpIfpïv. ] AIt¯bv¡v \\n‑ À½n¨n«pïv. Ct¸mgsXm‑ cp Ww sImSp¯v ]gpXpIfSbv¡pIbmWv Sm¦mbn Npcp§nbncn¡p¶p. Hcp sN¿p¶Xv. \\nch[n ssPhsshhn[yapÅ Pet{k‑mXÊn\\v shÅw AIt¯b‑v¡pw shÅbWn¡mben\\cnIn t]mepw ]‑pdt¯b‑v¡pw HgpIphm\\pÅ kuIcyw amen\\y¡q¼mcw ImWm³ km[n¡pw. thWw. CX‑nÃm¯]£w AX‑n\\v \\miw Hcphi¯v h\\¯n HcpIntemaoätdmfw kw`hn¡p¶p. Cusbm‑ cp km[mcW t_m[w _^À tkm¬ thWsa¶v ]dbp¶ AsX t]mepw A[nImcnIÄ¡nÃ. AhcXns\\ A[nImcnIÄ adphi¯v Izmd‑n¡pt\\ ss{Ut\\Ppamb‑mWv _Ôn¸n¨ncn¡p¶Xv. sc I®Sbv¡p¶p. hmkvXh¯n Ct¸mg‑mIpfw Hg‑p¡nÃmsX \\in¨p- \\‑nba¯n\\‑pa¸pdw A[nImcnIf‑psSb‑pw t]‑mb‑vs¡mïncn¡p¶p. P\\§fpsSbpw kao]\\amWv amtdïXv. \\ap¡mhiyw \"\"Ct¡m enätcäv eotUgvkv ' ({]IrXn Úm\\apÅ t\\Xm¡Ä ) BWv. H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 45

Cu {]iv\\¯ns\\Xnscbpw \\n§Ä t¯mfw Ahcnte¡v F¯p¶pïv? i_‑vZapbÀ¯nbncp¶tÃm? AÀ¸W at\\m`mhapÅ A[ym]IÀ aptJ\\ Fs´¦nepw \\S]SnIfpïmtbm ? GItZiw 20% Ip«nIfn IrXyamb {] IrXn t_m[w Dïm¡nsbSp¡m³ ] sslt¡mSXnbn tIkv \\S¡pIb‑mWv. äp¶pïv. F¶m `qcn`mKw Ip«nIfnepw IeÎtdmSv \\S¸mX s]mfn¡m³ CXv an¡t¸mgpw ]cnØnXn Zn\\¯n \\‑nÀt±in¨n«pïv. ]s£ XpSÀ\\S]SnIs- hcb‑v¡p¶ Hcp Nn{X¯ntem FgpXp¶ fm¶pw Dïmbn«nÃ. D]\\‑ymk¯ntem HXp§n t]mIp¶p. F\\n¡v ]et¸mgpw tXm¶nbn«pÅXv, ] aen\\oIcWs¯¡pdn¨v e A[ym]Icpw t\\¨À ¢_-v t]msebpÅ ]‑dªX‑psImïv tNmZn¡pIbmWv, {]hÀ¯\\§sf `mcn¨ _m[yXbmbmWv ChnSps¯ aÕy_Ô\\ taJesb IW¡m¡p¶Xv. F¶m Nmcm¨nd¡p- aen\\‑oIcWw F{Xt¯mfw f¯nsâ AhØsb ap³ssIsbSp¯v _m[n¨n«pïv ? \\S¯p¶Xv tlmfn Fb‑v\\‑vPÂknse Hcp So¨d‑mWv. A¯c¯nepÅ aÕy§fpsS icoc¯n \\n¶pw ssas{Im A[ym]‑Ic‑pa‑pïv. ChÀ¡v am{Xta \\à ¹mÌnI-vk-v Isï¯nbn«pïv. \\½Ä coXnbn {]IrXn kwc£W ktµiw Ig‑n¡p¶Xne{Xbpw AXnsâ Awiapïv. Ip«nIfntes¡¯n ¡m³ IgnbpIbpÅq. {]IrXn I\\nªpXcp¶ hcZm\\§sf Xncph\\´]pcs¯ \"XWÂ' F¶ ] a\\Ênem¡p¶ Hcp kaqlw htcïXpw cnØnXn kwLS\\bpambn hoW‑mPn hftcïXpw BhiyamW.-v H¯ncn {]‑hÀ¯n¨n«pïtÃm. AXns\\¡pd‑n¨v H¶v ]dbmtam? Ip«nIfpsS Iym¼n Fs´ms¡ {]hÀ¯\\§fmWv DÄs¸Sp¯md‑pÅXv ? Dj tN¨n, im´n, Rms\\ms¡ BZy- Im«n h¨v \\S¯p¶ Iym¼msW¦n Ime¯v Hcpan¨v {]hÀ¯n¨hcmWv. {]IrXnsb AdnªpsImïpÅ Hcp \"C³SmIv ' F¶v t]cpÅ Hcp HmÀKss\\ Imev\\Sbm{X¡v R§Ä Ip«nIsf tkjsâ `mKamb‑ncp¶ R§Ä FÃm- sImïpt]‑mIpw F¶n«v aeapIfntem hcpw ]n¶oSv Hmtcmcp¯cpw sNdnb atäm F¯n AhtcmSv \\niÐamb‑ncn¡m³ t{]‑mPÎnte¡-v amdnt¸mbn. A§s\\bmWv ]dbpw. FÃm C{µnb§fpw Xpd¶v {] \"XWÂ' Bcw`n¡p¶X.v \"XWÂ' AhcpsS IrXnsb BkzZn¡m³ ]dbpw. XpSÀ¶v HmÀKm‑ \\n‑ Iv tjm¸v \\S¯nb kabs¯Ãmw AhcpsS A\\p`h§Ä ]¦ph¡m³ ] Rm\\pw AXnsâ `mKamb‑ncp¶p. Ir- dbpw. Hcp]mSv Imcy§Ä {]IrXnbn jnbp¸¶§Ä F¯n¡pambncp¶p. AhÀ \\S¡p¶psï¶ Xncn¨dnhv AhÀ¡v \\S¯p¶ hnZym`ymk ]cn]mSnIfn‑ epw Rm³ e`n¡p¶Xt¸mgmWv. Cu Hcp hymb‑maw {]hÀ¯n¨n«pïv. Ip«nIfpsS Iym¼n dnt- AhÀ ]n¶oSv BhÀ¯n¨Xmbn kmÀkv t]ÀkWmbn ]s¦Sp¡mdpïv. Ft¶mSv ]dªn«pïv. `£Ww F{X kvI- qfpIfn \\nehnepÅ ]mTy]²Xnbn efnXambn t]mjI aqeyt¯msS {]IrXn kwc£Ws¯¡pdns¨Ãmw {] ]‑mIw sN¿msa¶pw AXnsâ aqeyh‑pw Xn]‑mZn¡p¶XmWv. F¶m CXv F{X- Ahsc Ad‑nbn¡mdpïv. {So hm¡v H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 46

F¶ HcpZya¯neqsS kky§sfbpw Hcp]‑mSv Bg¯n IpgnsbSp¯v sNSnIÄ P´p¡sfbpw ]än NÀ¨ sN¿pIbpw, \\Sp¶Xv a®nsâ LS\\sb _m[n¡p¶p. Im«n \\½Ä F§s\\ s]cpamdWsa¶v AsX‑mcn¡epw {]IrXymepÅ h\\¯n\\v ]dªpsImSp¡pIbpw sN¿mdpïv. ]IcaÃ. AS‑p¯Ime¯-,v- temIsa¼mSpw AXmbXv {]IrX‑nbpamb‑pÅ k¼À¡w ]‑dbp¶Xv a®nse kq£va PohnIfpsS Dïm¡nsbSp¡emWv Iym¼n {][m\\ irwJesb ieys¸Sp¯ cpsX¶m- ambpw sN¿p¶Xv. Wv. Hcp hn¯v \\SWsa¦n Gäh‑pw sNd‑nb Ipgn Ipgn¡‑pI. AXmbXv, hoWmPnbpsS k-vIqÄXe {] sNdnb tX‑mX‑nepÅ Ne\\§Ä am{Xw hÀ¯\\§Ä F§s\\bmWv ? a®nepïm¡‑pI. ImcWw Cu irwJe A{Xta {]‑m[m\\‑yapÅX‑mWv. a®nsâ kIv- qfpIfn GsX¦nepw Zn\\mNcWambn DXv]mZ\\£aXbpw hÀ[n¸n¡m\\‑mIp¶p. C¯c¯nepÅ Irjn¡v ssPhhf§Ä _Ôs¸«mWv £Wn¡p¶Xv. AX‑n\\‑m t]mepw Bhiyw hcp¶nÃ. hnjbkw_Ônbmbn AhtcmSv kwkm‑ cn¡pIbm‑ Wv ]Xnh.v IqSmsX sNdnb t{]mPÎpIÄ Ahscs¡mïv sN¿n¡mdpï.v ssPhIrjncoXns¡Xnsc Ipsd sh_n\\‑mdpIsfms¡ Hcp sk³dv t]mepÅ ] Ct¸mg‑pïtÃm? F´mWXv? cnanX Øe§f‑nepw ImSv h¨v ]‑nSn¸n¡p¶ ]²Xnsb {ioe¦³ km¼¯nI {]XnkÔn¡v ]n´pWb‑v¡p¶ptïm ? ImcWw ssPhIrjncoXnbmsW¶ hmÀ¯IÄ Iïn«pï.v ssPhIrjncoXn P\\ GsXmcp Øehpw \\ap¡v ImSm¡n Iobambm‑  cmkhf§fp‑ w IoS\\m‑ in\\n‑ Ifp‑ w amämw. F¶m \"anbmhm¡n' ImSpIsf Rm³ ]‑n´pWbv¡p¶nÃ. ImcWw DXv‑]m‑ Zn¸n¡p¶ I¼\\nIÄ AS¨p]qt«ïn- hcpw. A¯c¯nepÅhÀ {]Ncn¸n¡p¶ H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 47

hmÀ¯IfmWv ]eXpw F¶v Rm³ IcpXp- sNt¿ïsX¶.v Ahcpw BkzZn¡p¶ntÃ? ¶p. ChnSps¯ \"XWÂ' F¶ Øm]\\w \\½Ä hfÀ¶phcp¶ kmlNcyw CXn F{Xtbm Imeambn ssPhIrjncoX‑nbn kzm[o\\w sNep¯p¶pïv. hnZym`ymk DX]v mZn¸ns¨Sp¯ DX]v ¶§Ä hn¡p¶p. k{¼Zmb¯n C¯cw Aht_m[w AhÀ¡v \\mfnXphsc hn¸\\bn Hcn- DÄs¸Spt¯ïXv AXymhiyamWv. Snhpw h¶n«nÃ. C´y apgph\\‑mb‑pÅ irwJebmb‑mW-v - AhÀ Ct¸mÄ {] ]cnØnXn{]hÀ¯Ibmhm\\pÅ hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv. {]tNmZ\\w F´mbncp¶p? \"CtIm tkmepj³kn's\\¡pdn¨v Ip«n¡mew sXmt« kb³kv hnjbw H¶v hniZoIcn¡mtam? F\\n¡v hfsc Cãambncp¶p. Hcp]mSv hmb‑n¡pamb‑ncp¶p. Hcp Ipgnbm\\sbbpw t]mÄ IÄhÀ«v F¶ hyànbmWv CXnsâ t\\m¡n Znhkw apgph³ thWsa¦nepw Nne- kmcYn. shÅw \\ndbpsa¶ {]iv\\¯m hgn¡pambncp¶p. kb³kn\\v FÃmhn[ Xoc{]tZi§fn iuNmeb kuIcyw am\\pjnI {]XnkÔnIÄ¡pw D¯cw Csöv a\\Ênem¡n a®ns\\ ASnØm\\ Xc‑m\\‑mIpsa¶v Rm³ hnizkn¨ncp¶p. am¡ns¡mïpÅ Hcp iuNmebw At±lw PhlÀ _me`h\\n Nn{XcN\\bv¡mbn cq]I¸\\ sNbvXp. AXnse {ZmhIm- Rm³ t]mIpambncp¶p. BbnS¡mWv kp- hinãw ho«papäs¯ ac¨ph«nte¡pw Jcm- KXIpamcn So¨À t\\¨À ¢_ns\\¡pdn¨v hinãw thsdmcp Sm¦nse¡pw amäs¸Sp¶p. ]dbp¶Xv. AXn tNÀ¶t¸mÄ Hcp]m‑ Sv C¯c¯nsemcp Sm¦v 5 - 6 t]cS§p¶ Hcp Imcy§Ä F\\n¡v a\\ÊnemIm³ XpS§n. IpSpw_¯n\\v H¶chÀjt¯mfw D]tbm- RmbdmgvNbnse t\\¨À ¢mÊn\\mbn Kn¡m\\mIpw. CXns\\ It¼mÌv Bb‑n«v Rm³ Pohn¡m³ XpS§n, AXnÃmsX D]tbmKn¡mw. hfsc ^e{]Zamb Hcp ]änsömbn. ]²Xnbmbncps¶¦nepw thïcoXnbn CXv hnPbw IïnÃ. kpKXIpamcn So¨dpambpÅ A\\p`h§Ä H¶v ]¦ph¡mtam? {]IrXnbnte¡nd§nsNÃp¶ bm{X- IÄ F{Xt¯mfw a\\pjys\\ {] F¬]XpIfpsS Ahkm\\¯nemWv IrX‑nbnte¡Sp¸n¡pw ? So¨dp‑ ambpÅ _Ôw XpS§p¶X.v 1990 tem atäm Atacn¡bnse Hcp kt½f\\¯n A¯cw bm{XIÄ hfsc \\ÃXmW.v F¶m ]s¦Sp¯ kpKXIpamcn So¨À ]dªXv, {]IrXn sNep¯p¶ kzm[o\\w F¶Xv Atacn¡bn D]tbmKn¡p¶ ¹mkvSnIv Bfp‑ IfpsS kao]\\s¯ B{ibn‑ ¨ncn¡p¶p. Unkvt]mkn_nÄ I¸pIÄ \\nÀ½mÀP\\w H«pan¡hÀ¡pw _lf§Ä h¨pw sN¿m³ _p²nap«pÅhbmWv F¶mWv. skÂ^n FSp¯pw bm{X sN¿m\\mWv A¶v C´yb‑n ¹mkvSn¡ns\\¡pdn¨v Cãw. F¶m F{Xt]À¡v im´ambn A{X [mcWbnÃm¯ kabamWv. CXv {]IrXnsb BkzZn¡m\\dnbmw F¶v \\½psS \\m«nepw hcpsa¶v So¨À ]dªp. Nn´nt¡ïnbncn¡p¶p. AXpt]m‑ se \\½Ä Atacn¡b‑n ØeapÅXpsImïv {] t]mIp¶nSw aäpÅhÀ¡pw BkzZn¡m\\pw iv\\anÃ. \\½Ä AXv t\\cnSm³ X¿mdm- D]tbmKn¡\\papÅXmsW¶ t_m[yapïm- hWsa¶v So¨À ]dbp‑ ambn‑ cp¶p. So¨dp‑ sS hWw. aäv ]ecmPy§fnepw P\\§Ä¡dnbmw t\\XrX‑z¯n Hcp]mSv kac§Ä¡pw F§s\\bmWv s]mXpapX ssIImcyw H-ä-¨p-h-Sv * -tIm-tfPv am-K-kn-³- 2021 -23 * 48