CLASS 1 - Term 2 - PRIME YEARS

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Note from the Author \"The zest for learning is inherent in every individual. The Teacher's job is just to bring it out\". This is a quote from Maria Montessori. The text books are only a medium in the process of learning. This book is not intended to be a Bible for the Teacher. It is meant to be a friend and companion of the Student. These books have been designed to give quality education. They are inclusive of English, English Grammar, Mathematics, EVS (Social Studies, Sciences), G.K. and Computers. Prime Years is a set of three term books for Classes 1 to 5. The burden on children's shoulders is reduced as they need not carry books for all subjects. To carry a single book for a term is enough. The essential features of Prime Years series are : v They are graded according to learning levels. v The language is simple and helps in self learning. v Many learning activities are provided. v They strive to fulfill cognitive, effective and psychomotor domains of educational objectives. v The content and style relate learning matter to the real world. The presentation is intended to develop thinking skills and enable the students apply the knowledge in solving problems in practical life situations and not to make the students mere bookworms. Many activities have been given in the Text Book for quicker learning : Question Box tests the knowledge and understanding of the concepts. Think a Little, Write a Little and Reason Out calls for higher order thinking skills. I can do are tasks to apply the concepts in a different situation or extend his/her learning or learn more from experience. The tasks also calls for self expression, imagination and language skills. Guessing Jar provides questions to develop reasoning, logic and critical thinking. Clue Finder calls for higher cognitive skills like application analysis, synthesis and evaluation. In mathematics, the guided problems are for working out with teacher's guidance while Independent practice problems are for students to work out all by themselves. Question Box usually contains problems based on all the concepts learned in the chapter. It is more of a test or assignment. Problems given in the boxes test higher order thinking skills - both critical and lateral thinking. They are mostly challenging questions or fun activities. The hands - on activities help to learn abstract concepts through concrete medium. The learning activities are planned as per the concept of Multiple Intelligence and learning styles. - Rajalaxmi K. Iyer Author.

Aims and Objectives The aim of Primary Education is to develop in the child everything that is required for a fruitful living. Primary Education sows the seed of character building which grows in to a full fledged tree in later years. The attitude and values a child develops in his formative years remains with him till the end. Primary education therefore has the following broader objectives : To let the child live his childhood fully so that he realizes his own interest and potential. To develop in the child basic learning skills which help him in his future years. To make the child realize that he is part of nature and he has some social responsibilities. A Primary curriculum should therefore fulfill the following objectives : Acquisition of knowledge about his environment and the world in which he lives. Understanding the concepts and applying them in diverse situations. Develop critical thinking and reasoning skills rather than blindly believe what he reads. Develop independent work habits. Develop imagination through artistic skills. Encourage inquisitiveness and investigation and question scientific facts. Develop computational skills. Develop confidence to face the challenges in the curricular subjects as well as outside the class room. Develop moral and spiritual values. What is expected of a primary student ? The child communicates clearly and confidently. Uses vocabulary and correct language structures while speaking and writing. Comprehends the textual contents and solves problems independently. Collects, interprets and uses information from various sources. Develops and uses appropriate technological skills. Listens, speaks and reads well. Writes fluently and uses correct vocabulary and grammar in writing. Expresses himself well and uses creativity and imagination. Develops skill of observation, experimentation and recording data. Explores and investigates scientific facts. Develops awareness about his social and civic responsibilities. Develops pride in his cultural heritage. - Rajalaxmi K. Iyer Author

1. Colours ... ... .. 7 2. The Fisherman and the Minister ... ... ... 11 3. Poor Little Water Drop ... ... 15 4. The Teddy Bear ... ... ... 19 1. The World of Plants ... ... 96 2. Our Life with Flowers .. ... 101 3. Be Healthy with Vegetables ... 104 4. Have a Fruit Every Day ... ... 107 5. The World of Animals ... ... 109 6. Domestic Animals (Pets)... ... 112 7. Wild Animals ... ... ... 116 8. Insects ... ... ... 120 9. Animals also have Homes ... 122 1. Subject and Verb Agreement in Single Sentence ... ... 24 2. Question [what - why - how - where - when]... 28 3. Has - Have ... ... ... 33 4. Can - Can't ... ... ... 36 5. Simple Sentences [this - that - these - those]... 39 1. Addition - Single Digit ... ... 44 2. Subtraction - Single Digit ... 52 3. Numbers 20 - 100 ... ... 59 4. Fractions ... ... ... 70 5. Cardinal - Ordinal Numbers .. 74 6. Skip Counting ... ... ... 78 7. Multiplication Tables ... ... 82 1. My Neighbourhood ... ... 126 2. People Who Help Us ... ... 130 3. Transport and Communication ... ... ... 134 4. Safety and First Aid ... ... 141 5. Good Habits ... ... ... 146 1. National Leaders... ... ... 152 2. Metro Cities ... ... ... 155 3. Indian Monuments ... ... 158 1. Additional Parts of a Computer ... 164 2. Using the Keyboard ... ... 166

Contents 1. Colours ... ... ... 7 2. The Fisherman and the Minister ... ... ... 11 3. Poor Little Water Drop... ... 15 4. The Teddy Bear ... ... ... 19 Class 1 Term 2

Colours Nikita and Natasha were very good friends. They lived in the same neighbourhood, and spent a lot of time together. Their families were very close too. One day, Nikita’s family decided to invite Natasha’s family over dinner at their house. “Hey everyone, please come on. Thank you for coming”, said Nikita’s mother as Natasha and her family arrived at their house. “Please take a seat everyone. Natasha, Nikita is in her room upstairs”, Nikita’s mother said. Natasha ran upstairs to be with her best friend. Nikita was colouring a drawing when Natasha walked into her room. “Hi Natasha”, Nikita was very happy to see her. “See, what I am doing”, she said, as she showed Natasha her drawing. “Wow, that’s beautiful. I will help you too”, Natasha said on seeing Nikita’s drawing. It was the drawing of a parrot, and Nikita was colouring it blue. “Okay, come. Here are all the colours. But don’t use any colour without asking me”, said Nikita. 7

Natasha sat by Nikita’s side on her bed. Every now and then, she would pick up a colour, ask Nikita for her permission, and help her in completing the drawing. After sometime though, she got bored of asking Nikita’s permission time and again. Thus, she decided to colour the drawing without asking Nikita. Natasha picked up the yellow color and drew stripes with it over the parrot’s blue body. This made Nikita very angry. “Natasha, what did you do ? You have ruined my drawing. Now I will have to do it again”, Nikita shouted at her. She was upset. Nikita’s shouting drew the attention of her parents downstairs. The parents of both the children ran upstairs to know what the matter was. “Look ma, Natasha ruined my drawing. I had coloured this parrot blue, and she gave it yellow stripes. I don’t like it”, said Nikita to her mother as she entered the room. 8

Try to rewrite the story in your own words. Ask your teacher for ideas on how to write the story differently. 1. Have you ever had a fight with your friend ? What did you fight about ? How did the fight come to an end ? Write a short paragraph. 2. Read a short story of your choice. Identify new words in the story. Write them in your notebook, along with their meanings. “It’s okay, Nikita. Look, the stripes are turning green”, her mother said, pointing to the drawing. The stripes were indeed turning green. “Wow, that’s magic. I think we should colour the whole parrot that way. It is much more beautiful”, Nikita said, excited to see the magic happen. “Yes, we should”, Natasha said, excited too. She didn’t expect to see the magic either. “You are so good, Natasha. I am sorry for shouting at you, Nikita said, as they both got down to colour the parrot again. 9 Imagine that you are a parrot that can talk. Describe yourself in 5-7 lines. Speak in the class.

1. Who are Nikita and Natasha in the story ? 2. What was Nikita doing when Natasha walked into her room ? 3. Why did Nikita get angry with Natasha ? 4. Why did Nikita apologise to Natasha ? 5. What happened in the end ? 10 1. Arrange the jumbled alphabets to make meaningful words. a. Y R O T S b. N G R E E c. M E A S d. G R D W A I N e. T H O U S 2. Write 2 features for each of the following nouns. Try not to repeat the characteristics. a. Grass : _____________________________________ b. Parrot : _____________________________________ c. Picture : _____________________________________ d. Mother : _____________________________________ e. Friend : _____________________________________

The Fisherman and the Minister The king was very fond of eating fresh fish. One day there was a storm in the sea. Fishermen could not go to sea to catch fish. So there was no fresh fish for the king. The king announced a big reward to the fisherman who brought him a fresh fish on that day. One poor fisherman ventured into the stormy sea to bring a fish. He took the fish and went to the palace. The palace guards stopped him at the gate. They took him to the king’s minister. The minister said to the fisherman “I shall allow you to go to the king. But you shall give me half of the reward that you get from him.” The fisherman did not like the proposal, but still he accepted. The guards then took him to the king. The fisherman gave the fish to the king. The king was very much pleased with 11

12 the fisherman and said “Tell me what reward you want and you shall have it.” The fisherman said “Your majesty, I want fifty whip lashes on my back. This is the only reward I expect.” The strange demand of the fisherman surprised everybody. However, the king ordered one of his servants to give fifty light lashes of whip on the fisherman’s back. When the servant had given twenty-five lashes, the fisherman said, “Stop ! Please give the remaining twenty-five whip lashes to my partner.” The king asked the fisherman “Who is your partner ?” The fisherman said “Your majesty your minister is my partner.” The fisherman’s reply made the king red with anger. He sent his men to bring the minister. When the minister came, the king ordered “Give him twenty-five whip lashes. Make sure they fall hard on his back.” Then the king sent the dishonest minister to jail. To the fisherman, he gave a handsome reward.

1. Reward - Gift. 2. Venture - Get ready. 3. Accept - Take something given by somebody. 4. Proposal - To suggest something. 5. Whip lashes - Beating someone with a whip 1. Why the king could not get fresh fish ? 2. What announcement did the king make ? 3. What did the minister ask from the fisherman to let him in ? 4. What did the fisherman ask as reward ? 5. What punishment did the minister get ? 1. Learn the spellings of the words in language fact. 2. Use them in your own sentences. Enact the story as a play in the class. Speak your own dialogues. 13

• Read the first paragraph. Underline all the nouns. Write them down. 14 Complete the sentences choosing right word from the list given : partner twentyfive announced ventured proposal whip lashes pleased dishonest 1. One poor fisherman ____________ into the stormy sea. 2. The king ____________ a big reward. 3. The fisherman did not like the ____________ 4. The king was very much ____________ with the fisherman. 5. The fisherman wanted fifty ____________ on his back. 6. The fisherman said \"Give the remaining ______ lashes to my _______ \". 7. The king sent the ____________ minister to jail.

Poor Little Water Drop The tiny drop of water Lost trace of her mother Wandered everywhere Crying all alone ! 15

16 The wind took her to the mountain Who took pity on her Sent her down to earth With a lot many like her At last she reached the sea Happy to be back to her mother.

1. Trace – Find out or look for. 2. Wander – Move around. 3. Lot many – Plenty of. 1. What happened to the water drop ? 2. Where did she wander ? 3. Who took her to the mountains ? 4. What did the mountain do ? 5. Where did the water drop reach ? 6. Who is the mother of the water drop ? Imagine you are the water drop. Write in sequence who you went away from the sea up to the air and how you come back. Write in first person start like this : \"I was with my mother ……………………………. \" 17

Rewrite the following sentences in the right order : 1. The mountain sent her to earth. 2. The wind took pity on her. 3. The tiny water drop lost trace of her mother. 4. She came back to the sea. 5. She wandered in the air. 6. The water drop was happy to be with her mother. 1. Draw a sketch showing the journey of the water drop from the sea through the air to the mountain, to the earth and reaching back to the sea. 2. Learn and recite the poem in the class. 18

The Teddy Bear Once upon a time there was a little boy. His name was Ben. On his first birthday, his parents got him a soft cuddly brown teddy bear. The little boy carried his teddy bear with him wherever he went. All night the teddy bear always got to sleep next to the baby in his crib. Ben grew up and got his own bedroom and a big bed to sleep in. The teddy bear got to sleep next to him in bed every night. He was his favourite toy. Ben took his teddy bear wherever he went. The teddy bear went with the boy to the zoo, all the parks in the area and even to school. Ben became a teenager and he got more and more interested in video games and going out with his friends. He stopped taking his teddy bear with him which made the bear a little bit sad. Still, he would put his teddy bear next to him in bed every night. 19

Then Ben started going camping with his friends. He would spend a few nights at a time at camp. The teddy bear missed his friend a lot on those days. When Ben was back from camping he would still remember his favourite toy and bring it to bed with him. Ben, now a young man, graduated from the University and got a job in a big city. He would come back couple of times every year just for a few days. Mom took all the Ben’s toys and put them in a big box and kept them in the attic. But the teddy bear was always special. So mom decided to put it in his room. The bear always hoped that his friend would come some day to take him back to the big city but it never happened. Ben decided to get married and after a year they had a little boy of their own. One day he remembered his favourite teddy bear. Thought that his own little baby would love to have it. He ran to his old room. The bear was thrilled that his old friend had come to visit him. When Ben gave his old bear to his baby boy to play with, the baby was so happy. Bear was also happy. Now he had a new family that loved him. His old friend and his new family loved him, just as much as they possibly could. 20

1. Cuddly -- Soft and huggable 2. Teenager -- A boy or a girl who is of age between 13 and 19 years. 3. Attic -- A room on the roof. 1. What was the birthday present Ben got on his first birthday ? 2. What did Ben do with his teddy when he started going to school ? 3. Why did teddy become sad when Ben grew up as a teenager ? 4. Why did Ben’s mother kept teddy in Ben’s room when she removed all the other toys ? 5. How did teddy get a new friend ? 21

What changes occurred as Ben grew, to his attachment with the teddy. 1. When he was a baby .............................................................. 2. When he became a teenager ............................................... 3. When he became a college student .......................................................... 4. When he became a grown-up man .............................................................. 5. When he got married .............................................................. 6. When he had a baby ................................................................ 1. You might have many toys to play with. Which is your favorite toy ? Describe it. Why do you like it so much ? Write in a sentence or two. Draw the picture of the toy. 2. Imagine you are teddy. Write (in first person) how you felt when Ben was not paying attention to you. 22

Contents 1. Subject and Verb Agreement in Single Sentence ... ... 24 2. Question [what - why - how - where - when]... 28 3. Has - Have ... ... 33 4. Can - Can't ... ... 36 5. Simple Sentences [this - that - these - those]... ... 39 Class 1 Term 2

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Identify the subject and the primary verb in the following sentences : a. Have you seen Riya today ? b. Salman Khan must stop doing these mindless movies. c. The Indian team is playing really well. d. They are always troubling other people. e. You must always work hard. f. She always hides under the bed whenever she is afraid. g. They never hide anything from their mom. 26 Choose subject from box A and from box B and write correct sentences. See that subjects and verbs agree. Box - \"A\" We Rima Teacher Salim Monkey Cow Players People go by bus sings tells runs eats banana gives milk turn fast laugh Box - \"B\"

27 1. Complete the following sentences using singular or plural form of verb given in brackets. a. Sakshi _______ the piano really well. (play) b. They _______ basketball really well. (play) c. The judge _______ taken the right decision. (has) d. The jury members _______ taken the wrong decision. (has) e. She ______ in the park every morning. (walk) f. Rahul and Rohit too ________ in the park every morning. (walk) 2. Complete the following sentences using ‘is’ or ‘are’ : a. We ___________ playing a cricket match tomorrow. b. Rohit ___________ joining us tomorrow at the airport. c. Jane and John ___________ participating in the competition too. d. Unfortunately, Akankasha ___________ not participating in the competition. e. He ___________ doing everything he can to save the match. f. They ___________ doing everything they can to save the match.

28 It is used to ask about people. It's never used to ask about things. WHO are we ? is here ? is at school ? are you ? is sad ? It is used to ask about people, animals and things. WHAT is here ? is this ? are these ? is on your desk ?

We use it when we want to ask about the reason. WHY did you complete the assignment ? are you ? did you get here ? HOW We use it to ask about people, events and the way things are done. is she sad? are we at school? is he here? are they at home? are you happy? 29

We use it when we want to ask about the place. WHERE is it ? is the dinner ? is your school ? WHEN We use it when we want to ask about time. is Rahul ? is your father ? is he ? is your mobile phone ? are you from ? 30

Complete the following sentences using ‘what’, ‘why’, ‘how’, ‘where’, or ‘when’: a. _______ are you doing here ? b. Hello, _______ are you ? c. _______ are you coming back to Delhi ? d. _______ have you been for 10 long years ? e. _______ haven’t you done your homework ? f. _______ do you open this can ? g. _______ were you thinking ? h. _______ is everyone at home ? i. Do you know _______ is Reena these days ? j. _______ should I call you? 31 Frame questions using the given words : 1. You, go : _____________________________________ 2. She, cry : _____________________________________ 3. Children, come : _____________________________________ 4. Are, you : _____________________________________ 5. You, do : _____________________________________ 6. Class, start : _____________________________________ 7. My, book : _____________________________________

Frame a question for each of the following situations : You can take the help of your teacher. a. To ask time from someone. b. Someone has come to your home without informing. You need to ask purpose of the visit. c. To ask someone’s age. d. To ask someone their choice in dinner. e. To ask someone’s well being. f. To ask someone the location of some place or something. g. To ask someone their birthday. Work in pairs. Ask the following questions to your partner : a. What is your name ? b. Where do you live ? c. How old are you ? d. What do you have for breakfast ? e. When do you get up in the morning ? f. Any question starting with why ? Your partner must answer those questions in complete sentences. Reverse the roles and repeat the exercise. 32

They have You have We have I have 33

Complete the following sentences using ‘has’ or ‘have’ : a. She ______ a baseball bat. b. _______ they come back from the US? c. We _______ organized a crazy New Year’s party this year. You must come. d. Tina _______ performed exceptionally well in exams. e. He _______ done his mother proud by bringing home the medal. f. _______ you done your homework? g. _______ she ever sung before? h. I _______ a problem with you. 34 Make correct sentences using the words in the table (Minimum - 10) : I a pen. We gone to the movie. Arun has some sweets. They have many books. Ria a beautiful doll. You plenty of toys. done well.

1. In some sentences below ‘has’ and ‘have’ have been used incorrectly. Rewrite them correctly. a. You definitely has courage to speak to him like that. ____________________________________________ b. I have completed my homework this time, I swear. ____________________________________________ c. Do you has any idea how much that vase costs ? ____________________________________________ d. She have cold. ____________________________________________ e. Their dog have peed all over the place. ____________________________________________ 2. Complete the sentences below using ‘has’ or ‘have’. You can write anything you like to complete the sentences. For example : I have a bath everyday. Make sure you use ‘has’ and ‘have’ correctly. a. I _______________ b. You _______________ c. We _______________ d. They _______________ e. He _______________ f. She _______________ 35

She can sing Can you hold this for me Can I come in 36

37 Can't you help me ? I can't come to class tomorrow. Make correct sentences using the words given in the table (at least 10) : I She come to the circus. He do this problem. We can’t find his book. Salim attend the wedding. Rahul play tomorrow. Priya and Arun

You must converse in English for the whole day in school. Pay attention to how many times you use ‘can’ and ‘can’t’ while speaking English in school. You can do it in pairs to keep a check on each other. 38 Rewrite the following sentences using can’t a. Neha cannot come to class tomorrow. ______________________________________________ b. Those under the age of 18 years cannot drive. ______________________________________________ c. In the UAE, women cannot drive without the permission of their husband. ______________________________________________ d. If you cannot complete the task, let him know in advance. ______________________________________________ e. He just cannot stop himself from saying rubbish things. ______________________________________________ Complete the following sentences by using 'can' or 'can’t' a. _______ you open the door for me please? b. _______ you stay quiet for a minute! c. If you pay me well, I _______ do it for you. d. _______ you help me out just this one time? e. Never say girls _______ do something. We have shown time and again that we _______ do everything.

This is a book That is a dog 39

These are balls Those are apples 40

41 See around in your classroom or your school. Identify the things that are lying close to you and the things that are far away from you. Write 5 sentences using ‘this’ or ‘these’ and 5 sentences using ‘that’ or ‘those’. 1. Change the following sentences to plural form. a. This is my pen. b. This is a new pencil. c. This is not my book. d. This is my neighbour’s cat. 2. Change the plural form to singular form. a. Those are wild plants. b. Those are their books. c. Those are my mother’s dresses. d. Those are fresh apples.

1. Complete the following sentences using ‘this’ or ‘these’ a. Does ________ pen belong to you ? b. Do ________ notebooks belong to you ? c. ________ is Riya’s pen. d. ________ are some really well taken photographs. e. _______ modern day players know how to take care of themselves. f. Is ________ a good time to talk to you ? 2. Complete the following sentences using ‘that’ or ‘those’ a. Is ________ your friend over there, looking through the window? b. Are ________ your shoes? c. ________ mangoes were really sweet. d. ________ is a really good shot. He must get 4 runs for it. e. ________ men should be punished for committing such a crime. f. I can bet ________ is a monkey over there. 3. Complete the following sentences using ‘this’ or ‘that’ a. Can you see ________ hill over there ? b. Does ________ pen belong to you ? c. ________ chocolate we had the other day was so delicious. d. ________ lake is so beautiful. e. Can I take ________ pen ? 42

Contents 1. Addition - Single Digit ... ... 44 2. Subtraction - Single Digit ... 52 3. Numbers 20 - 100 ... ... 59 4. Fractions ... ... 70 5. Cardinal - Ordinal Numbers ... 74 6. Skip Counting ... ... 78 7. Multiplication Tables ... ... 82 Class 1 Term 2

Who knows the answer? 1. There are 5 fish in the bowl. 3 more fish are put in the bowl. Now, how many fish are there in the bowl ? 2. Granny baked some muffins. Granny ate 3 muffins, granny’s cat ate 2 muffins and Granny’s dog ate 1 muffin. Now, there are no muffins left. How many muffins did Granny bake ? 3. Look at the pictures given here. There are 4 pencils in the cup. 2 pencils more are to be added to it. How many pencils will be there in the cup then ? When more are added to , there will be pencils in all. 2 4 6 We write it as 4 + 2 = 6 . This is called addition. ‘ + ’ means to add or put together. Addition - Single Digit 44

How many ? One is done for you. 45 Guided 1. + = Addition fact : 3 + 1 = 4 2. + = 3. + = 4. + = 5. + =

6. There are 5 people in a group. 3 more join the group. How many are in the group now ? Write the addition fact. 7. There are 6 lanterns. Someone is bringing 2 more lanterns. How many lanterns are there now? Write the addition fact. Independent Write the addition facts for the following : + + = + + = + + = 46 5 + 3 = 6 + 2 =

Activity 1 : Learn yourself. Sit in a circle. One child asks 1 + 1 = ____ The next child answers 2. Then he asks 2 + 1 = ____ The third child answers 3. Then he asks 3 + 1 = ____ The fourth one answers 4 and puts the question 4 + 1 = ____ The chain continues. If any child is not able to answer, he is out of the game. + + = + + = + + = + + = + + = 47

Activity 2 : There are a set of problem cards and a set of answer cards. Students sit in a circle. Each one is given a problem card. The answer cards are spread in front of them. They have to pick up the answer cards for their problem. There must be one problem card for each child and the corresponding answer card. Activity 3 : Class quiz. Divide the class into 2 teams. One team asks questions on addition. The other team answers them. The teacher records the scores on the board. Addition on a number line To add 2 + 1 on a number line First, draw a number line from 0 then, an arrow from 0 to 2. Then, from 2, draw an arrow to the next mark which is 3. The answer is 3. To add 3 + 2 First, draw an arrow counting from 0 to 3. Then, draw an arrow counting 2 points from 3. You will reach 5. The answer is 3 + 2 = 5. 1 + 2 3 2 + 5 7 48 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

49 1. Add using number line : a. 4 + 2 ______ b. 2 + 5 ______ Guided Independent 2. Add the following using number line : a. 5 + 1 = ______ b. 5 + 2 = ______ c. 4 + 3 = ______ d. 3 + 5 = ______ e. 4 + 6 = ______ 1. Add : a. 2 + 3 = ______ e. 5 + 0 = ______ b. 8 + 1 = ______ f. 7 + 0 = ______ c. 4 + 3 = ______ g. 0 + 8 = ______ d. 5 + 2 = ______ 2. Add the following using number line : a. 2 + 5 = ______ b. 1 + 7 = ______ c. 3 + 4 = ______

3. I had Rs.5. I got Rs.3 more. How much money do I have now ? 4. There were 4 birds on a tree. 3 more joined them. How many birds are there on the tree now ? 5. Arun’s father brought home some chocolates. He gave 3 chocolates to Arun, 2 to his sister, and 1 to his pet dog. There are no chocolates left now. How many chocolates did father bring ? Addition by counting Vertical addition : 5 1. Add : + 1 ___ 5 Method : + 1 count the number of strokes. ___ 6 4 2. Add : + 3 ___ 4 Method : + 3 count the number of strokes. ___ 7 5 3. Add : + 3 ___ 5 Method : + 3 count the number of strokes. ___ 8 50