E-Book Intermediate

##ruKffiru€% o1 Questions and short Peopte around you Reading: The myths that answers Everyday activities make you feetguitty YOURWORLD Present simple and Page 06 Present continuous Childhood and upbringing Reading: The secrets of Remembering and your memory o2 Past simple and forgetting Listening: Chitdhood and Past continuous upbringing MEMORY Page 15 used to and would o8 Comparatives and Features and sights Reading: What's the right superlatives Adjectives for describing type of hotiday for you? ACROSSTHE GLOBE Different ways of places Page 26 comparing o4 Present perfect and Life events Reading: Pushed too far? Past simple PersonaI qualities REAL LIVES Present perfect simple and Page 36 Present perfect continuous o5 Future forms Word families Reading: Cetting ahead in Future clauses with rf, Work the 21st century GO FOR IT! when, unless, etc. Listening: Career Page 46 crossroads o6 Past perfect say and tell Reading: lt realty Reported speech Adverbs for telling stories happened to me! TRUE STORIES page 56 Study, Practice & Remember page 132,Audio scripts page 168, lrregular verb tist page 175

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,=,a::=?;.,:,4T T:?,H'\"+ ia; o7 -ed/-ing adjectives Entertainment and Reading: News stories The passive teIevision Listening: Film quiz MUST SEE! Extreme adjectives page 66 Polite requests SociaI behaviour Reading: My big night outl o8 Tatking about norms Listening: Modern manners quiz will and shall for instant and customs SOCIAL LIFE page 76 resPonses 09 Defining relative clauses How gadgets work Reading: Consumer crazy Quantifiers Descri bi ng everyday objects Listening: How gadgets STUFF! work page 86 Making predictions Numbers and statistics Reading: The future will 10 Society and change surprise us HypotheticaI possibiIities Society and social issues Listening: Society and SOCIETYAND change CHANGE rwirh page 96 Obligation and permission Linking words Listening: Annoying rules 11 in the present Crime and punishment Reading: Exclusive clubs Obligation and permission RULES in the past page 106 could have, should have, Probtems and sotutions Listening: The toughest L2 decision of their lives would have Reading: How to make YOUR CHOICE decisions page 116 HypotheticaI situations in the past with if Study, Practice & Remember page 132,Audio scripts page 168, lrregularverb list page 125

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Language focus 'l Questirums amd sF:*rt *nsw*r$ *3 Match situations 1-3 with photos A-C. 1 someone answering questions to complete a form and 2 someone who has just arrived in a foreign country 3 is greeting an old friend she hasn,t seen for a tong time someone getting to know a ctassmate on a new course Work in pairs. Think of two questions that the peopte in each situation might ask. Za r$ i$; '1.€ Listen to nine short conversations. Match them with situations 'l-3 in exercise 1a. 11 2_3_4_5_6_7_B_g b work in pairs. How many questions from the conversations can you remember? Make a [ist.Then listen again and check. *tiF * r ge\"\" qzs * xti. t= tz z Many questions begin with wh- words and phrases: What? Wkere? Which part? (atso How?) 1 Think of four more wh- question words/phrases. 2 Cross out the question with incorrect word order. 1 Where do tive your parents? 2 Where do your parents [ive? t ti572+ r i4 z.i,i'1r,J E F: 3 Rewrite the answers to these questions using did , do and doesn,t. A: Did you have a good journey? B: Yes, I had a good iourney. yes, I did. 1 A: Do at[ your famity tive near here? B: My parents live near here, but my sisterdoesn,t live near here. 2 A: Does your father work in London? B: No, he works from nome.

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Vocabu[rry Pemple anound you E* Which word doesn't belong in each group? Cross it out and write it in the correct group. Farnily i older sister stepmother i relative stranger i grandchitd ha[f-brother i grandparents i Worky'sehool i classmate boss i colleague employee '''''''\"i.'\"i 'niece i best friend old schoot friend ''\"j' i acquaintance mother-in-law i neighbour flatmate : cousin ex-girlfriend Add more words to the table. Ex ;* *j 1.4 Listen to eight instructions.Write your answers in any of the spaces below. * Work in pairs and swap books. Ask questions to l-anguage foculs 2 find the meaning of the names/numbers that your Fresent simple and Fresent eontinuous partner has written. 3* Look at the photos from Jess's birthday party tast weekend.What do you think her relationship is to each person in the photos? b r4 €; 't.S Jess is showing the photos to a cotleague. Listen and check your answers to exercise 1a. Lydia - best friend below'Listen again and find five mistakes in the sentences Ann Jess is showing her photos to Lyd6. 1 Lydia is working in a restaurant at the moment. 2 She wants to become a social worker. 3 She's apptying for lots of jobs. 4 lsabel is getting old. 5 She always pu[[s faces in photos. 6 Jess's grandparents go out a [ot. 7 Luxmmi is training to be a dentist. 8 joe is wearing sunglasses. 9 Joe's living in a student house at the moment. 10 He doesn't like the city very much.

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Reading and speaking a1 Look at the photos and discuss the questions. . ls there a lot of advice about lifestyle in newspapers . and magazines in your country? Which photos remind you of yourself? b Which opinions (a-d) do you think are true? Every time I open a newspapet I read a new piece of advice about what I'm doing wrong. I don't drink enough a young people spend too much watel I sleep too much, I don't sleep enough ... it can get time on the internet depressing. So I decided to do some research myself to b people who get up early are more productive find out if i should really feel so guilty. c multitasking is an essential modern skil[ d there's no such thing as too much exercise I've always felt bad because I find it difflcult to get up in the 2a Read the article. Choose a phrase from exercise 1b morning - mainly because I can never sleep before 2 a.m. to complete the gaps. So while my colleagues arrive for work looking bright According to the article, is each phase a fact or a myth? t_and fresh at B o'cloc( I arrive at ten, feeling grumpy. And everyone knows that , right? Wrong actually, 3a Read the article again and answer the questions. according to a report from the University of Liege. Two 1 How does the writer feel about his own lifestyle? 2 When are night owls more productive? hours after waking, researchers found that ear$ birds 3 What kind of people had damage to their heart and night owls are equally productive. But ten hours after muscles? waking, night owls like me are less tired and better able to 4 Which group spends the most time online in the USA? 5 What are older people better at doing online than concentrate! So next time I'm late for work, I won't apologise; younger people? I'll just tell myboss that I'm a night owl - and that's good! 6 ls it impossible to multitask welt? Why /Why not? Like many people, I constantly worry about the amount Work in pairs. Te[[ your partner which paragraph of exercise I take ... or rather don't take. I know i should you think is the most surprising and interesting. Give reasons for your answer. spend hours in the gyn every day and run marathons just 4a What common beliefs do people have about lifestyle for fun. After all, '_, is there? Actually, according to a in your countrlr? Make a [ist. recent study, there is. Researchers studied top athletes who People often say that you should sleep at least are now in their fifties and found that some of them had eight hours a day. You often hear that eating late at night makes damage to their heart muscles. Men of the same age who you fat. didn't exercise so intensively had no damage. So perhaps Work in pairs and compare your lists. Do you think each belief is a fact or a myth? Why? I'm doing the best thing by sitting at home on the sofa? Unfortunately nol It seems the best advice is still the old 3saying: moderation in all things. Everyone says that , and as someone who grew up with technology - a 'digital native' - I often worry that I might be an internet addict. But apparentli4 a recent study of Americans shows that it's not young people who go online the most, it's the middle-aged. The study found that 18- to 24-year-olds spend around 32 hours a week online, but for 45- to S4-year-olds it's 40 hoursl Howeve4 it's not all good news for digital natives. According to research, we are not as good as older people at actually using the internet. It seems we are too impatient and believe what we read too easily! I'm not the kind of person who can talk on the phone, a_shop online and cook dinner all at the same time, but I keep reading that . Does this mean there is something wrong with me? I googled the subject and felt a little better It seems, after all, that the human brain can't do several things at the same time: it can only switch quickly from one task to another If you try to do several things at once, experts say that you simply do each thing less well. According to workplace psychoiogist Steven Nguyen, we should stop worrying about multitasking. 'Concentrate on what you are doing and do fewer things betteq'he says. Now that's advice that I'm happy to followl

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.1 l i' Research shows that people today have more free time tha n.u\"i.n ; But do we spend our time on the things that really matteL or are we wasting time and feeling frustrated? Join our biggest ever survey to help us find out. ui2 r 7*l {* 1\\ 1l 'l I ;-\\.'- 1-:a t5 ,. .:: Tick the statements that are true for you. t. r 7 ti 5., 1 | spend too much time sleeping. tr :i ;) 2 I don't get enough sleep. X 3 II work/study for too many hours. 10 4 II don't work/study enough. 5 II spend a lot of time looking after children / other relatives. r12 I 6 I spend a lot of time socialising and going out. f, 10 7 II spend too much of my time on boring activities and tasks. I II never really stop - l'm busy all day. 9 I| find time for my interests. tr12 t I0 l'd like to have more time for my interests. X I1 I| sometimes feel bored because I can't thinl< of anything to do. I12 | don't have enough time for certain important things in my life. l3 | often put offtasks that I need to do. n I14 | feel stressed because I don't have enough time to do everything. 15 | waste a lot of time on things that aren't very useful. D rQ l br:It-e \\a

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Writing 3 Read Katarina's message again and complete it with An informal email the phrases below. 1 Work in groups and discuss. a As you know, . Do you use online sociaI networks a [ot? b Lots of [ove, . Why /Why not? c I want to hear a[[your news! d I reatty hope you're we[[. Have people from your past got in touch with you e PS You can see some photos of me now on my . through the internet? profile page. lf so, did you meet up with them? What happened? f So how are things with you? 2 Read the online message that Katarina sent to her g There's another reason I wanted to get in touch. h Please let me know. old friend Grace. How do they know each other? i I stil[remember What does Katarina want to do? 4 Match topics a-d with the paragraphs in Katarina's ffi from Katarina message. Hi Grace, a Questions for her old friend para. 2 ffi Long time no see! lt's been b Reasons for getting in touch now a few years but I hope you c Why she hasn't been in touch before remember me! After we left d News about her own life university I lost your details, so I was really happy to find 5a You are going to write a simitar message.Think of you again on this website. an old friend you haven't seen for a long time and You look great in your photo. invent a reason to contact him/her. ? What are you doing now? Are you still Use the topics in exercise 4 to make notes for your living in Manchester? Sorry for all the questions but message.Add any other information thatyou want to inctude. '_ ! And how is your family? ls your brother still doing?training to be a lawyer? And what are your parents 6 Write a first draft of your message. Fol[ow the same that holiday I spent at your house with structure as Katarina's message and use the checklist your family, Happy days! betow to help you. , after university I moved back to Slovakia. . Are there clear paragraphs? (e.g. the topics I'm stillthere now. I live in Bratislava with my husband, Hendrik. He's a W producer. I work for a media in exercise 4) company now Life changes so quickly! | really love my life here but I still miss our time togetherat university, . Are you using appropriate phrases? (see exercise 3) It was so much fun! . Are you using present tenses and questions . My company is sending me to Manchester correetly? for three days next week. Hendrik is coming with me. While we?e there we would really love to meet up with ; Hayg vou cne$ed.snglting a1d plnctuation? you. ls that possible? ' 7a Work in pairs. Read each other's messages and suggest improvements. Use the checktist above Take care. to help you. Katarina Read your partner's comments and ask him/her for more information if necessary.Then write the final draft of your message.

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The $Gorels of ysur memory lMemory expert Professor Jemima Gryaznov answers your most cornmon questions about mernory. I Why can I remember events in my childhood but not what happened last week? we remember the things t.har have srrong connections in our mind. especially emotional connections. Childhood memories are often very emotionai: we experience things for the first time so we have strong felhngs of fear or excitement. Retelling events also helps to fix them in our memories and interesting or funny stories from our childhood are often told again and againl 2 Do sorne people really have a photographic memory ? It is well knor,m that some peopie have an exlraordinary mem&y. Daniel Tammer. for example, can remember the firsr 22.500 digits of pi and Stephen wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory uit., flying over it in aq lhrEelrireununytLpsrr. lFlJunvrvrrcavrrcart, rnroeiirthhae.r Dn.a-in^liel n^^o-r sc.t^e^p\"^h^en have a photographic memory They are good at remembering particular things for a limited time. A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picrure. a book or an event many years later. No one has yet proved rhat they have a phorographic mpm^rrr in e cnianri4n ta51. 3 Is computer memory better than human memory? That depends what you mean by better'l Information in a compurer is stored in separate pieces. Human memory is stored in a different way Each piece of information is connecled to many other pieces. Thar s why a panicular smell can bring back memories of a holiday or u p.rron. The problem *ith hu-un memory is that it is messy and not very accurare. The problem wilh computer memory is that iL can t make connections between pieces of inlormaLion - it isn't creatlve. 4 1'm 24.Is rny memory getting worse? Not yet. bur ir will do soon. our memory reaches irs full power at the age of 25. At that polnt we can remember up to 200 pieces of information a second. After this age. however. the brain srarts to get smalJer By the age of 40 we are losing 10,000 brain cells every day By middle age our memory is significantly worse than when we were young. 5 Is it possibie to remember early childhood? Scientisfs used to believe that ir was imposs,ble to remember very early childhood, but recent research shows that babies are -u.ir .t.u.r.r i#n *. previously Lhoughr. Some people really can remember being a baby Others, howevel remember nothing before the age of five or even tenl FIND OUT MORE 6o ontrine to find out ryrore ut tla bo r-l i**1.\": ;; 1 ;: I T* r:: i ri\"l a n d i-i l:* ;.: ir * r:'',\\ i i h i \"

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Language focus 1 X W'eGhic=h.=qLuisetsetniotno five peopte discussing the quiz. is each speaker discussing? Fast simple and Past continuouls Work in pairs.Test your memory by answering the 3a Can you remember what the speakers said? quiz questions as quickly as you can. Give brief details for each answer. Complete the listening extracts below. 1 Last Engtish lesson I was wearing jeans and a I remember my grandfather, and he died shirt. months old and I was walking when I was two and a half. I was about favouritewith my parents - they were holding my hands. Suddenty, my appeared at the I x== *r:ri:.ir.:; ir., := wii+:r j aair-?i *t:r *a{t{,er. door and I walked towards her. =!=r:{; 3 At that time I was watching on TV. 4 She had very dark and dark , and she always wore a lot of make-up on her 5 White I was shopping in town, I saw the news aon the TVs in Howwell do shop and asked the . I went into the you remember the past? what was happening. Everyone in the shop was talking about it. t, 9u: you remember anything that happened to you b Listen again and check. r flili\"#i['J::HT], g otro.* rast saturday 4a Undertine eight Past simple verbs in the sentences ,3\". afternoon? in exercise 3a.Which verbs are regular and which How did you are irregular? meet your oldest friend, or your - f#\"iir,l\" ?iT\":ffour first teacher and what b Circle seven examples of the Past continuous in exercise 3a. How do we form the Past continuous? nx.;'\"n:t: wH ffi ffi,5?1H ?,il,?liiij,*, H!.XH:ivou have ror breakrast the dav berore , 8 \\ What were you doing when you heard about Look at the timeline and examples. Then choose the correct answers to complete the rules. il iTfi'fl..lfi\"\":,:ff ''' news? (e g the death I saw the news onTV while lwas shopping. {' J3:F-9XRx: - | >tuture past I saw the news on TV. I At 3 o'clock last Saturday I was watching faotball. I was walking with my parents when my favourite *ffi% aunt appeared. g ffi* 1 The Pastsimple / Pastcontinuous shows complete actions, usuaily the main events in a story. ffi 2 The Pastsimple / Pastcontinuous shows actions in progress at a point in the past. They start before and often continue after the main events. 3 We can link Past simpte and Past continuous actions with the words'when' and Notice that we do not usually use the Past continuous to describe states or repeated actions. She had dark hair and alwayswore a lot of make-up. rh\\ ii:+il ,,li'\"' li

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Llstening and vocabula,y 4 Check the meaning of the words in bold in a Chitdhood and upbringing dictionary.Who said these things?Write R (Rafaet) or M (Mi-Sun/Emity) next to the ideas below. Read about Mi-Sun/Emity and Rafael.You wi[[ hear them describe their upbringing. What topics do you My parents were very strict. M think they wil[ mention? 1 My parents punished us sometimes - we got into trouble if we were rude. lf we behaved badly, our parents stopped our pocket money. lf I argued with my mum, my dad totd me off and I felt reatly ashamed. My parents got angry if we got into troubte at schoot. In our culture, you should always respect your parents. Our parents only praised us if we did something rea[[y excettent. 7 Our parents encouraged us a [ot. 8 They didn't often criticise us. 9 They gave me a lot of confidence. Work in pairs and discuss. Use the words in exercise 4 to explain your answers. . Was your upbringing more similar to Mi-Sun/ . Emity's or Rafael's? ln what ways? How wittido you bring up your children? ls this different from your upbringing? Rafael Martin (27), who Mv parents were strict - they is half Spanish and half British, grew up and punished us a lct. went to school in the same part of London as Mi-Sun (Emily) Kim (28), whose family is i'ii =ri+,a:=;t:=t*'aii :*.'4?a+i a:rtz{:r.,>+.,i};it:}s{.:}-;i.*} 'ii+*!ii :lti.jrt;z = i::?,, +t; Korean. However, their upbringings were very different. i3.=t:!':+ :r:*r:. E i* &1a.= Listen to Mi-Sun/Emity and Rafae[. Language focus 2 Which things below were: ./sedfo and wos{d a things their parents permitted? € Read the extracts about Mi-Sun/Emity and Rafael's b things they didn't permit? c things they insisted on? after-school activities. Underline four verbs with used to and two with would ('d). RafaeI My mum decided thot my brother ond I should both Leorn the piano, so thot's whot we did. 1 going to bed on time We used to proctise t'or two hours every doy ofter 2 being mean to his sister schooL ond more ot the weekend. )ccosionally, 3 ptaying in the street with his friends I orgued with my mum obout piano proctice ond 4 hanging out in town with his friends then my dod would tell me ot'f, and I used to t'eel 5 staying out late at the weekend Mi-Sun/Emily very ashomed. 1 ptaying at friends' houses a:i 2 going for sleepovers 3 going out in the evenings After school we used to play in the street with our 4 ptaying the piano ! 5 gettingA's in schoolwork friends - t'ootball or skoteboording - or we'd go inside and ploy glmes on the computer. When I wos obout 11, I used to love honging out in town Can you remember anything Rafael and Mi-Sun/ with my friends. I thought I wos reolly cool! Emity said about the topics in exercise 2?

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Wffiffik Describe a personal memory Preparation Listening and vocabutary 2. {l flz.a Listen to the three stories and match la You are going to hear three peopte describe a them with the pictures. Choose the best titte for personal memory retated to the pictures below. each story. Find these things in the pictures. . A memorable celebration . A story about a childhood pet an anchor a branch a budgie . Meeting someone important in my life a cherry tree a sailing boat a swing . Meeting a famous person . A time I got into trouble Check the meaning of the verbs and phases in the . A time I was reatly frightened box.Which things in exercise 1a do you think they . A childhood accident . A trip l'[[ never forget retate to? . A day when everything went wrong to be tame to fall off to fty off to float Listen again and answer as many of these questions to black out to get choppy as you can for each story. to get [angled to perch to rescue 1 When/Where did the story happen? 2 What other background information do you learn? 3 What happened? 4 How did the speaker fee[? Listen again and tick the phrases you hear in the Useful language box.

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Find out first View € 2a You are going to watch a video about memories of important events. Before you watch, match the words 1a Match the photos with the events and phrases in A with their meanings in B. below A . the Beijing Otympic Cames 1 psychologist . the Bertin Wa[[ coming down 2 striking . the death of Diana, Princess of 3 vivid . Wales 4 amygdala 5 lay down a memory the assassination of lohn F. 6 idiosyncratic 7 recatI . Kennedy B the first Derson on the moon a remember Can you put the events in the order b a part of the brain in which they happened? c unique to one person and not true of everyone d someone who studies the human mind c Co ontine to check your answers e very attractive or memorab[e or ask your teacher.Which events f makes strong, clear images in the mind do you think peopte remember the most? g make a new memory O Watctl the video.Which events from exercise 1 mentioned? Are any other events mentioned? 3a Watch the video again and answer the questions. 1 What are the characteristics of a ftashbulb memory? 2 How long do ftashbutb memories [ast? 3 What is the purpose of the amygdata? 4 How many flashbulb memories do most people have? 5 What sort of news or event is associated with a flashbutb memory? 6 Why are deaths often the subject of ftashbutb memories? b Work in pairs and compare your answers.

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Language focus 'l #*mpmr\"mtfi vms mx'nd supes\"[mtives 3 u-= Work in groups. Do the quiz above to test your world knowledge. + '3r E''4.1 Listen and check your answers. Remember one more piece of information about each question. e Underline a[[the comparatives and superlatives in the quiz. V2+',.t2,:i + ;= +t;'= :.= t:- ? rs:.=22.,= =i 1 What are the comparative and superlative forms of these adjectives? tong tatl happy poputar far l.rard-working 2 Write the rules for one-, two- and three-syilabte adjectives. 3 Think of two more irregular adjectives like far. \"* z 7.'* rzt'= =r* :s|i f;i€ €. + r t: €7,.-.:: = 4 Match the sentences with the correct picture. 1 X is much higher than y. 2 X is a (tittte) bir higher than X 3 X is a lot higher than y. 4 X is stightty higher than y. ! 4lizs :; y l. =.; r::,:s';= r :z E \".: =; 72 5 Complete the missing words in the superlative phrases. 1 lt's the tallest city the wortd. city2 lt's the second/third biggest one3 lt's the USA. got4 lt's the biggest countries in South America. far the tongest coasttine in the worro. The--5 happy peopte in the world are the citizens of Toeo.

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Vocabulary Reading Features and sights \"l Work in pairs and discuss.Which of these things do 1a Look at the words in the box.Where do you usually you look for in a holiday destination? What else do you look for? find these features and sights? Put them in the . sunshine and beautifuI beaches correct place in the diagram below ..\"n\"i;\";i;\";,\"i\"; ;;;y ;;\"\".r, .u,iag\" a cathedral a ctiff docks a factory hfaitrtmanlainsdl.a.nd :. :::ffiJili.:Tfi,4;:,jjiLlii'J'\"s,etc') a festival a (rain)forest a harbour a . nighttife and shopping ariand cutture (festivits, palaces, etc.) a lake a market a monument a mosque a museum a palace a shopping ma[[ a skyscraper a temple Z Rea.d. the website quickly.Woutd you prefer Landon's a view a village a waterfalt 6affs) hotiday or Valentina's hotiday? Why? b Add two more features and sights to each group. Work in pairs.Which pair can find the following information in the text first? 2a Work in groups. How many of these world-famous 1 Landon's university course: places can you match with words from exercise 'la? 2 Where in Thaitand the Crand Palace is located: 3 When AngkorWat was rediscovered: the Amazon rainforest 4 Where Halong Bay is in Vietnam: 1 the Cannes Fitm 5 The place where'fu[[ moon' parties happen: 6 Valenti na's favou rite activity: 2 Buckingham 7 The name of a festivaI in Dubai: 3 Sydney 8 How long it takes to fly from Santiago to 4 Ontario Dubai: _5 the Hermitage 9 The number of shops in Dubai Ma[[: 10 The name for a traditional market in Dubai: 6 the Canary 7 the Blue 4c Look at the readers' comments. Are the comments 8 lguazu 9 the Suez for Landon orValentina? ls each comment suggesting visit or avoid? b h nl r.+ tisten and check. What places would you recommend or not recommend? Write your own comment for Landon orValentina to add to the website. Underline these phrases in the text.Then choose the correct meaning, a or b. 1 ... it's a must-see! a You should definitety go and see it. b lt's necessary to go and see it. 2 There's... nowhere quite like it. a lt's similar to other places. b lt's different from other places. 3 Dubai is right up her street. a lt's very close to her. b lt's the kind of place she'[[ like a lot. 4 ... they're worth visiting... a lt's a good idea to visit them. b They can be very expensive. 5 ... you can't beat these two cities. a You won't like these two cities. b They're the best. 6 Work in groups.Take turns to tatk about your ideal holiday. Other members of the group listen and recommend places to visit/avoid.Try to use the phrases from exercise 5.

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,t I think I'm t i: ,* very lucky compared to my mum's generatiGn. 3a h Cl 3.F Listen to pan (a9) and her daughter Jasmine they tatk about how Shanghaihas changed. (!+l as Check your answers to exercise 1. Did they ,.y th\" same things as you? Language focus Z b Listen again. Overall, are pan and Jasmine positive Different way$ of comparing about the changes or negative? Give reasons for your answer. 3 took at the two photos showing the same part of Shanghai 20 years ago and now, then read ;lt,s a Read the sentences in exercise 2 again. Comptete the fact!'Work in pairs and answer the questions. phases for comparing in box A with the prepositions . Where is Shanghai and what do you know in box B. . about it? Why do you think the population of the city has A oifieieni iimiLir. the sime *orse not ai uusv . changed so much in Z0 years? What are the main differences between how the fewer less city [ooked then and now? as (x2) from to Try to guess the correct answers. 2 Choose the correct answers and give reasons. In Shanghai 25 years ago: 1 There were fewer /less cars rnen. 1 the-streets wereverysimilarto / completely 2 There was fewer /less traffic then. different from the streets now. 3 Put the phrases in the best ptace on the tine. 2 the historic buildings are the sameas / different i.r.iompteiely Oitfeient irom rUort in. j, from how they were. exactly the same as a bit different from very similar ro 3 o,lder peopte play exactlythesame / completely different games on the street. 4 younger peopte were notasbusyas / thesameas they are now. 5 clothes were r??ore / less cotourfut than they are now. 6 shops were better /worse than they are now. 7 there were /ewer / more cars than there are now. ; I

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Kkffik Provide an insider's guide Preparation Listening la Gl *.: Listen to the second part of the Name three famous tourist attractions in London. convers=ation. Match the ptaces Tom recommends Have you ever visited London? lf so, which places with the ideas in the box. did you see? 1 the South Bank 4 the Shertock Hotmes ilF c.=* Carla is visiting London for the first time and asks her friend Tom for advice. Listen to the first part 2 Brick Lane market Museum of the conversation and choose the best summary. 3 Richmond Park Carta is asking advice because she wants to know: theatres and concert halls 1 ethnic food a the most popular tourist attractions. free exhibitions the 19th century b the places that locals go to. street entertainers oicnics c t[e cheapest ptaces to eat out and shop. ceer views of famous buitdings vintage stuff individuatty designed clothes , ctlbs and nighttife a lively atmosphere I 4 Listen again and tick the phrases you hear in the , UsefuI language box. 1: 5 Which of the places thatTom mentions would/ i woutdn't you tike to visit? lf you could visit only one, I which would you choose? WhY? i @t

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I Speaking 3 Look at the questions in exercise 2a again. Travel problems 1 What phrases make questions 1-3 polite? 2 What phrases make questions 4-9 potite? 1a Work in sma[[ groups and look at the picture. Which travel probtems does it show? What travel What is different about the word order? problems have you experienced? What happened? t @Watctr and tisten to the key phases. Repeat the OWatctr the video of three conversations. What problem is each passenger having? How does questions and phrases. Notice how the speakers use he/she resolve the problem? sentence stress. Could you tell me how much it will cost? 2a Which conversation are these phrases from? WriteT (taxi), B (bus)orTr (train).Then watch 4 Rewrite the questions in a more polite form using again and check your answers. the prompts in brackets. 1 Excuse me ... what was that announcement? Tr ls this seat free? (a question) 2 One more question: is this ticket stitt valid? 3 Can I askyou a question? ... How do I get to the Could I ask you a question? ls this seat free? 1 Where do I get on the bus? (know) Manhattan shopping centre? 2 Which platform is the 6:30 to Paris? (tettme) 4 Do you know where I get off? 3 Can I use this ticket on the train? (excuse) 5 Could you tell me how much it wi[[ cost? 4 What time wi[[the train arrive? (know) 6 Do you know which platform the 4:38 goes from? 5 How do I get to the airport? (tast question) 7 Do you know how long it wi[[ take? 6 Where do I have to change? (tett me) 8 Coutd you te[[ me where I have to change? 7 Does this bus go to High Park? (a question) 9 Do you know when the next one is? 5a Work in pairs. Choose a new travel problem and Which questions are usefu[ on more than one form write a short dialogue. Try to use polite questions. of transport? Act out your conversation to the rest of class. Ouestion 2 is useful on a bus or a train. Which conversation was the most entertaining?

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Lamguage foeuls 1 Work in groups and discuss. Have you achieved anything the other students don't know about? For exampte, have you ever won an award, been in a newspaper or played in a band? What happened? .:-.::, How many of the famous people in the photos do you recognise? Checkyour answers on page 131. Work in pairs. Can you match the peopte with the surprising achievements in the text? The surprising achievements of famous people has published a best-seliing book for children wrote over 70 books and won the Nobel prize for Literature. has learnt to speak six languages and has founded many schools for poor children has studied architecture and has designed several buildings. has rowed from England to France. .:1' :.: : Listen and check. One of the achievements was planned but didn't happen.Which one was it and why? Choose the correct verb form. Listen again and check. 1 Barack Obama published / has published several books. ln 2008, he wrote / haswritten a book for his two daughters. 2 Over the course of his tife,Winston Churchittpainted I has painted more than 500 pictures and wrote I haswritten over 70 books. In 1953, hewon / haswon the NobeI prize for Literature. 3 Since '1995, Shakira founded I hasfoundedschools for poor /children a[[ over Columbia. she also raised has alsoraised manv millions of dollars for charitv. 4 Brad Pitt was / hasbeen inierested in architecture since he was young, and he designed / hasdesigned a restaurant and an apartment buitding. 5 Before she was I hasbeen engaged to princeWittiam, Kate M iddlet on trained / has trained to row across the Engtish Channel in an a[[-woman team.

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Reading and speaking T Work in groups and discuss. . Did your parents have any ambitions or plans for . you when you were growing up? What did they do to hetp you achieve them? A Look at the photos ofAndreAgassi and read the text below.What do you learn about: . the reasons for his fame? . his Darents and childhood? . his career? . his personal probtems? . his marriage and children? \".',...\"...........: Andre Agassi is genera[[y considered one Read the text again and mark the statements below of the greatest tennis players of all time true (T), fatse (F) or not sure (ttlS). Underline the part anU the greatest returner of the bal.t in of the text that gives you the answer. the history of tennis. 1 Andre feets that no one cares about his ooinion. Agassi was introduced to tennis by his father, Mike, who had been a tennis groundsman 2 He hates his father. during his youth. Mike Agassi trained atlfour 3 His father wants him to be frightened of of his children intensively to become tennis professiona[s, but only Andre, the youngest, the dragon. showed great tatent. 4 He feels worried because he can't do what his Andre went on to win numerous championships and became one of the biggest stars in the father wants. history of the game. However, he also suffered from drug and other personaI problems. 5 He is more frightened of the dragon than of Andre Agassi is now married to one of the his father. greatest women players ever, Steffi Gral whose father also trained her hard as a child. Since he retired from tennis. Agassi has dedicated himsetf to hetping poor and abused young peopte, giving them the chance to have a good education. Agassi and Graf have not taught their children how to play tennis. FIND OUT MORE Co online to find out rnore about Andre Agassi and pushy parents, Work in pairs and discuss. . How old do you thinkAgassiwas when he started . ptaying tennis? What kind of childhood and upbringing do you think he had? 4 Read the extract fromAgassi's autobiography and answer the questions. 1 What is Andre doing in this extract? 2 How does the youngAndre feel about tennis? 3 How does he feel about his father? 4 What is'the dragon'?

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Mettemns tifetine 1990 ... @ ISSO I started school. 1998 | started learnino @ ZO I moved to lstanbul with my family. @ zooz My dad gave me my first 2008 lfinished high schooland began studying at university Vocabutary Life events 'l a Comptete the word map with the phrases in the box. ...O-lmetSelim.rrv €Fds€+e change job fa[[ in love \"....9 2012 | left university get a promotion get divorced get engaged \" and got my first job in go to university get a job get married leave home mY business. leave school have children move house make a lot of money lose yourjob retire -'s rent or buy a house Pass your exams quit your job start school Language focus 2 Love and relationships Home and family Present perfect simple and Present bring up your children perfect continuous Career 1 ffi 4.4 Read Meltem's tifetine above.Then listen Eraduate and comptete the gaps. b Work in pairs and discuss. Use Meltem's lifeline and audio script 4.4 on . In what order do the things in each category page 170 to complete the sentences. usualty happen? (There are different possibitities.) _1 She lived in Ankara for years. . Which of these things have you done? _2 She's been studying Engtish since she was . . Which haven't you done yet? . Which of these things are you going/hoping to do _3 She's been living in lstanbul for years. for4 She studied business in the future? vears at universitv. Look at the words/phrases in exercise 1a again. 5 She's been going out with Selim since 20 Then do the quiz on page 126to check what 6 She's been working for her uncle for about you remember. _ years. _7 She's been in the band for about years. _8 They've ptayed about gigs. _9 She's been looking for a recently and she thinks that she has finatlv found one.

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Vocabulary Wffiffik Personal qualities li.\\lomtnate someone for 1 Read the descriptions below Mark each an award one to show if it is a positive quatity (+), a negative quality (-) or if you are not sure (NS). . He/She's (extremely): - charming. - courageous. - creative. - dedicated. - determined. - egotistica[. - inspiring. - obsessive. - origina[. - ruth[ess. - self-confident. - talented. . He/She's got strong principles. . f e/She's a strong leader. . He/She cares a lot about . other people. He/She doesn't care about other people. . He/She [ikes publicity. . He/She inspires respect. E* Add names to three of the categories. 1 A famous world leader: 2 A we[t-known business leader: 3 A writer, artist or musician who is famous _at the moment: 4 A successfuI sports personatity from your counrry: A successful person you know persona[[y: Choose at least three words or phrases Prepa ration l-istening to describe each person you have written down. Compare and explain your answers Read about the'lnspiration Award'. \".._;!- in groups. What kind of person is it awarded to? Complete the sentences to make them true Look at the photos.Which peopte have you for you. heard of? Why do you think they might be nominated for the Inspiration Award? 1 I reatty admire peop[e who ... are caurageaus and have strang principles\" 2 | never trust people who ... 3 | don't like people who ... 4 lwish lwas (more) ... #tJe *.u-+.ts Work as a ctass. Choose three people from the photos and listen to their nominations.What reasons do the speakers give for each nomination? Listen to the same three nominations again.Tick the phrases you hear in the Useful language box.

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Fin{ out first View Have you heard of Charles Dickens? 3a You are going to watch a video about Charles Dickens and Have you read any of his book or how his childhood influenced his work. Before you watch, seen film adaptations of them? lf so, check you understand the meaning of the words and what were they about? phrases in the glossary. Za Work in pairs.Try to answer the ques- Glossary poor people who have few opportunities tions below. the disadvantaged people who are treated unfairly and have the oppressed few rights 1 When did Dickens [ive? a factory in the past that made 2 Which of these famous novels a blacking factory boot polish caring about other people and did he write? compassion their problems to owe money that you cannot pay back . Anna Karenina to be in debt . OliverTwist . Huckleberry Finn OWat.tl the video and read the statements below. . Emma . David Copperfield Who do they describe: Dickens the chitd (C), Dickens the writer/man (W) or Dickens's father (F)? 3 What other novels is he 1 His work has always been popular. W famous for? 2 He had a very successfuI career. 3 He grew up in a comfortable home. 4 Apart from his novels, what is 4 He got into debt. Dickens known for? 5 He was sent to prison. 6 He had to work long hours in a factory. Co online to check your answers or 7 He spent a lot of time walking the streets of London. ask your teacher. 8 He cared passionately about the poor. Search: Charles Dickens + biography/ 4 Simon Callow is a famous British actor and a biographer of facts Dickens.Watch the video again and tick four reasons that he gives for admiring Dickens. . He seems very human and reat. . He rea[[y wanted to make the world a better place. . He was an extremely poputar and successfulwriter. . He was very passionate about what he believed in. . He was funny, clever and knowledgeable. . What he wrote about is sti[[ relevant todav.

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br e-trtr'Jnq t in the* #,n#ffi*C zXST CENTU Have you ever wondered whether you have the skill that you need to succeed in the 2lst century? We have the answers. T Keep $earning Ten years ago, nobody was designing apps for mobile phones or using social media to reach new customers. Now these are popular jobs for graduates. As the world of work changes, we need to change, too. In the past, you just had to ask your uncle to get you a job in his company. These days we need to ldentify our strengths and constantly improve our skills. Business guru Heinz Landau suggests spending ten percent of your time on personal improvement; for exampie, learning a language or a new computer programme. As somebody once said, 'lf you work hard on your job, you can make a living. But if you work hard on yourseli, you can make a fortune.' 2 S*n't b* afrnid of failure If you don't believe me, look at Thomas Edison, the inventor of the flrst light bulb, or Jimmy Wales, founder of Wikipedla. Edison tried at least 6,000 dilferent materials for his light bulb before flnding one that worked. That's 6,000 failures to flnd just one success. And before Wikipedia, Jimmy Wales had tried and failed to start several internet businesses, but none of them was prof,table. Failure, however, didn't upset Wales. It gave him useful experience and knowledge. When you work for a company, though, it's worth remembering the words of famous British businessman, Alan Sugar: 'l don't mind mistakes. I just don't like people making them twice.' FIND OUT MORE 6o online to find out more about jirnmy -S/ales and Nupedia or any of the other peopte in this article. Reading Work in groups. Think of three important ways to 'get ahead' in your career. 1 think the rnost important wav to get aheaC at work is tc Lle nice tc your b*ss! J *''i:: ;: r=i:: z:l t a:..). .t Zi-; : : = r:.4 i3 ;.' i ; 1 ;; I 2.; a i - =. Read the article. Did you come up with any of the same ideas as the author?

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Language focus 1 z Work in pairs and comPare your results. Do you think this is an accurate description of your partner? Future forms .5* Read the quiz again and underline three future forms T e Are you ambitious or not? Do the quiz to find out. with going fo + verb, three future forms with w'll + verb and two with the Present continuous. b Turn to page 127 and add up your score. Look at the Can you find any other verbs or phrases in the quiz quiz results to find out what it means. that express the future? Whether you're already in a career or 3 You are about to leave work and go away for the you're just about to enter the world of weekend with your fanrily. At the last minute, work, find out if you're ambitious enough something irnportant comes up that needs dealing with over the weekend. What do you do? to succeed. a You call your family and say that you're not going b You call your colleagues and try to find someone else 1 You find out that your local college is running to dealwith the Problem. a course next term that will be useful for your c You leave a message for your boss and explain that career. How do you react? your family will be upset if you don't spend the a You enrol immediately and pay for it yourself weekend witn them b You decide that you're going to do it and ask your company to pay. 4 Sne *f yo*r colleagues is due ts go *n rrdt€rrltty e You're doing a lot in the next few months so you !*ave and yGu'v* aEway= wactt*d h*r\" j*b. tr€ha? decide to wait until next Year. happ*::s? 2 *r:e *f ycur' **licagr:es g€Es a Fr*ffi*ti*r:' H*Yr ti+ y** f**E? a You ask your boss if you can do your colleagues-1ob while she's away. Secretly, you hope to keep thelob a You're upsetl You intend to find out why you didnt get Dermanenllv the Job. b You're planning to speak to your boss about it soon, b You feel a bit jea ous, but you're not going to show tt but you haven't found the right moment. c Youte really pleased for your colleague - you think he'll c You're thinking of asking your boss about it, but you don't want to uPSet Your colleague. do a greatyob. 5 What's your attitude towards hard work? !:=:::1::::.+=::==--':::::::i:::.':':=:-====:= a lt's the onlv wav l'll achieve what I want b l'm only going to work hard if l'm paid well. e Hard work interferes with my social life 6 lVhie 5: stat€Et:*s:t **s€ slctEr*arEs** 7*tsr attit*4* ?**va:\"ds y*ur fa*ture car**r? a I interd ro be successful whatever it takes. b l'm going to do my best and see what happens. c One day I hope l'll frnd alob that really suits me.

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Language focus 2 These conjunctions join two clauses (parts) of a sentence' .Future clauses with if,when, unless,etc. ;;il;;iilt\"i.!r'.1.ii,'t1i;n;' 1 Read about Sofia and the life choices she faces. 1 Look at the conjunctions in bold in exercise 2. Work in pairs and discuss what you think she Underline the verb that follows the conjunction' should/shoutdn't do and whY. 2 The sentences in exercise 2 are about the future, but Look at the picture.Which choice is Sofia tatking about in each sentence? Some sentences may refer what tense is used after the conjunctions? What verb to more than one choice. forms are used in the other ctause? 1 l'm going to see a bit of the wortd before I settte 3 ls there a big difference in meaning between the pairs down and start a famity. of sentences? lf so, what is it? 1 lf I teave my job, my father wilt be angry. 2 l'tt be quatified next year, untess I fait my exams When | leave my job, my father wi[[ be angry' of course. 2 lf he doesn't come with me, I won't go. 3 lf I stittfeelconfused in a month's time,l'[ljust Unless he comes with me, I won't go. pack my bags and go. 4 I probabty won't see David until I get back from travelling next year. 5 As soon as I make uP mY mind, he'[l be the first person to know. 6 When we have children and theY go to schoo[, l'tt have the same holidavs as them'