Nepali Book 2078 (Grade 6)

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ks| fzs gk] fn ;/sf/ lzIff, lj1fg tyf kl| jlw dGqfno kf7o\\ j|md ljsf; sG] b| ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/ © ;jf{lwsf/ kf7o\\ jm| d ljsf; sG] b| ISBN : 978-9937-601-52-8 o; kf7o\\ k':ts;DaGwL ;Dk\"0f{ clwsf/ kf7\\ojm| d ljsf; sG] b| ;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' df lglxt /x]sf] 5 . kf7o\\ jm| d ljsf; sG] bs| f] lnlvt :jLsl[ tlagf Jofkfl/s ko| f]hgsf nflu o;sf] k/' } jf cf+lzs efu x'ax' k|sfzg ug,{ kl/jtg{ u/]/ ks| fzg ug{, s'g} ljBt' Lo ;fwg jf cGo k|ljlwaf6 /]s8{ ug{ / k|ltlnlk lgsfNg kfOg] 5g} . klxnf] ;:+ s/0f M lj=;+ @)&* kf7o\\ k:' ts;DaGwL kf7sx¿sf sg' } klg ks| f/sf ;´¬ fjx¿ ePdf kf7o\\ jm| d ljsf; sG] b,| ;dGjo tyf ks| fzg zfvfdf k7fOlbg'x'g cg/' fw] 5 . kf7sx¿af6 cfpg] ;¬´fjx¿nfO{ sG] b| xflb{s :jfut ub{5 .

xfdf| ] egfO ljBfyLd{ f b]zkd|] , /fli6o« Pstfsf] efjgf, nfs] tflGqs d\"NodfGotf / ;+:sf/sf] ljsf; Pjd\\ ljljwtfk|ltsf] ;Ddfgsf] efjgf hufO{ Jofjxfl/s ¿kn] eflifs tyf ;~rf/ l;ksf] ljsf; u/fpg' cfjZos 5 . o;} u/L ljBfyL{df ;\"rgf / ljrf/sf] cfbfgk|bfg, ;\"rgf k|ljlwsf] k|ofu] Pjd\\ tfls{s lzNksf dfWodn] ;sf/fTds efjgfsf] ljsf; u/L j}1flgs cjwf/0ffnfO{ Jojxf/df k|ofu] ug{] bIftf clej[l4 klg ljzi] f kIfsf ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . ljBfyL{df gl} tstf, cg'zf;g, ;fdflhs / dfgjd\"Noaf]w tyf rfl/lqs / gful/s u0' f tyf afw] uDo efiffsf] ljsf; Pjd\\ jftfj/0f ;+/If0f / lbuf] ljsf;k|ltsf] ;hutf ck]lIft 5 . sIffsf7] fsf] l;sfOn] ljBfyL{df zf/Ll/s tGb'?:tL, :j:Yos/ hLjgz}nL, hLjof]kof]uL l;k, k];f / >dk|lt ;Ddfg tyf Jojxf/sz' n l;k ljsf; ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . ljBfyL{x¿n] g]kfnL snf, ;flxTo / ;+:s[ltsf] ;/+ If0f u/L l;hg{ fTds ko| f]u ug{ ;Sgk' 5{ . pgLx¿df ;fdflhs / efu} f]lns kl/j]z af]w / ;be\\ fj Pjd\\ ;xcl:tTjafw] sf dfWodn] bl} gs hLjgdf cfOkg{] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug]{ lzNk klg ljsf; x'g cfjZos 5 . o; kIfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L /fli6«o kf7o\\ j|md k|f¿k, @)&^ cg;' f/ sIff ^ sf nflu of] kf7o\\ k:' ts ljsf; ul/Psf] xf] . o; kf7o\\ k:' tssf] nv] g ;?' df >L au] G] b| ;A' af, >L bj] Lk;| fb l3ld/,] >L /fdrGb| vgfn / >L 1fgZ] j/ lg/fn} faf6 ePsf] xf] . k/LIf0faf6 kf| Kt ki[ 7kfi] f0f;dt] df cfwfl/t eO{ o; kf7o\\ k:' tsnfO{ kl/dfhg{ tyf ;Dkfbg ug{] sfo{ nv] s;lxt >L 6s' /fh clwsf/L, >L OGb' vgfn / >L lrgfsd' f/L lg/fn} faf6 ePsf] xf] . kf7o\\ k:' tsnfO{ o; :j¿kdf Nofpg] sfod{ f o; sG] bs| f dxflgbz{] s >L c0fk;| fb Gofk} fg,] >L sz] jk;| fb bxfn, 8f= n]vgfy kf}8]n, k|f=8f= /d]zk|;fb e6\\6/fO{, 8f= gj/fh s6\\6]n, 8f= hfg'sf g]kfn, 8f= uLtf v/n] , >L lji0f' 1jfnL, >L gf/fo0fhª yfkf, >L u0f]zk;| fb e66\\ /fO{ / >L k?' iff]Qd l3ld/]sf] ofu] bfg /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] snf ;Dkfbg >L >Lxl/ >i] 7af6 ePsf] xf] . o; kf7\\ok:' tssf] ljsf;df ;n+ Ug ;Dk\"0fk{ l| t s]Gb| xflbs{ st[ 1tf k|s6 ub{5 . kf7\\ok:' tsnfO{ lzIf0f l;sfOsf] dxŒjk\"0f{ ;fwgsf ¿kdf lnOG5 . o; kf7\\ok':tssf] ko| f]uaf6 kf7o\\ j|mdåf/f nlIft ;Ifdtf xfl;n ug{ ljBfyL{nfO{ ;xofu] kU' g] ckI] ff ul/Psf] 5 . kf7o\\ k:' tsnfO{ ;s];Dd lj|mofsnfkdv' L / ?lrs/ agfpg] k|oTg ul/Psf] 5 . o; kf7\\ok':tsnfO{ cem} kl/ist[ kfg{sf nflu lzIfs, ljBfyL{, cleefjs, al' 4hLjL Pjd\\ ;Dk\"0f{ kf7sx¿sf] ;d]t dxŒjk\"0f{ el\" dsf /xg] xFb' f ;Da4 ;a}sf] /rgfTds ;'emfjsf nflu kf7\\oj|md ljsf; sG] b| xflbs{ cg/' f]w ub{5 . gk] fn ;/sf/ lzIff, lj1fg tyf kl| jlw dGqfno lj= ;+= @)&* kf7\\ojm| d ljsf; sG] b|

ljifo;r\" L PsfO zLifs{ ljwf ki[ 7;ªV\\ of kf7 M! dfte[ \"ldsf] cfjfh sljtf ! kf7 M@ s'df/ ojjm| Lt syf ( kf7 M# gk] fnL ;:+ sl[ t lgaGw @) kf7 M$ 5f/] fnfO{ lr7L lr7L #@ kf7 M% ;ªu\\ Ltsf/ cDa/ u'?ª hLjgL $@ kf7 M^ rlDsnf cgx' f/x¿ syf %% kf7 M& ;DklQeGbf :jf:Yo 7n' f] jfbljjfb ^* kf7 M* d]/f /x/ lgaGw *% kf7 M( hfu hfu sljtf (^ kf7 M!) cfzfsf] lbof ] syf !)^ kf7 M!! ;xeflutfsf nflu lgj]bg lgj]bg !@# kf7 M!@ yfd] ; PNef Pl8;g hLjgL !#$ kf7 M!# nfUb5 dnfO{ /dfOnf ] sljtf !$& kf7 M!$ jgef]h ;j+ fb !%^ kf7 M!% kfgLsf] syf k|aGw !&$ kf7 M!^ dfofsf] 3/ syf !*&

kf7 ! kj\" { k7kgj\" { k7g g]kfnnfO{ lrgfpg] tnsf lrqsf af/]df atfpg'xf;] \\ M ;u/dfyf nl' DagL kz'kltgfy jL/ uf]vfn{ L gk] fnnfO{ ;+;f/df lrgfpg dbt k¥' ofpg] c¿ ljifoj:tx' ¿ s] s] xfn] fg,\\ atfpg'xf;] \\ . g]kfnL, sIff ^ 1

!dn\" kf7 dfte[ \"ldsf] cfjfh bj] L gk] fn d bz] l;ª\\uf] d x'F rGb;| \"o{ d e]if ltd|f] d x'F k0\" f{ lrq 5}gg\\ k/fO{ ;a efO efO cfdf Û ks' f5{g\\ ;an] dnfO{ . ;+:sf/ afFr]kl5 bz] afRF 5 dg'io xfF;] kl/j]z xf:F 5 pg]/ dfnf ca km\"nnfO{ l;uF fg{ cfpm >dn] dnfO{ . lxdfn d/] f] clt pRr dfy kxf8 5ftL / dw;] sfv d Ps dfG5];l/ k0\" f{ 7fg oL cªu\\ d]/f ;a xg' \\ ;dfg . bf}/f / s'tf{ clg aSv' nfcf}F 3ns] ;f/L tgdf ;hfcfF} uf/} f v'nf;] \\ ;G' b/ b]p8fdf gk] fn xfF;f;] \\ ldlynf snfdf . zAbfy{ ;:+ sf/ M cju'0f, bfi] f, sdhf/] L cflb x6fO{ kl/isf/ ug{] sfd kl/j]z M rf/l} t/sf] jftfj/0f aSv' M df6] f] pgL sk8fsf] nfdf] sf6] h:tf] j:q 3n]s M 3n] dlxnfsf] cfkm\\ gf] klxrfgsf] klx/g uf/} f M vf; u/L bfr'{nf, 8“8]nw'/flt/ si[ 0ffi6dLsf] cf;kf; dgfOg] k|l;4 rf8 b]p8f M klZrd gk] fnsf] nf]suLtdf rNg] uLtsf] Ps rfn 2 gk] fnL, sIff ^

Bf;} L / en} f] ca v]Ng hfcfF} /f]bL k;L hLjguLt ufcf}F ldn/] gfrfF} ca wfggfr 5/fF} ldnL ;:+ s[ltsf] ;'jf; . /fb] L M ljzi] ftM u'?ª hfltdf kr| lnt k|l;4 dgf]/~hgfTds sfoj{ m| d wfggfr M ljzi] ftM kj\" L{ g]kfnsf lnDa\" hfltdf kr| lnt Ps nfs] gT[ o zAbe08f/ != lbOPsf kbfjnL a'emfpg] zAb kf7af6 vfh] ]/ n]Vg'xf];\\ M -s_ nIdLkh\" fsf] ef]lnkN6 an] s' L e6o\\ fOg] ufyf -v_ s'g} klg sfd /fd|f];Fu ug]{ l;k -u_ z/L/ cflbsf] pkNnf] efu -3_ zf/Ll/s jf af}l4s zlSt nufP/ ul/g] sfd -ª_ hflt, ju{ / k];fsf dflg;sf] kl/rfos klx/g @= p:t} cy{ lbg] zAbx¿lar hf8] f ldnfpgx' f];\\ M l;ªu\\ f] b]z d'ns' km\" n ;'dg kfp ldlxgt] 5ftL jIf:yn k0\" f{ uf]8f kjg >d gk] fnL, sIff ^ 3

#= p:t} cy{ lbg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h]/ nV] g'xf];\\ M /fi6« , ki' k, lhGbuL, w/0fL, z/L/, ufgf, kf];fs $= jfSodf k|of]u ugx'{ f];\\ M l;ªu\\ f], e]if, ;+:sf/, bp] 8f, /fb] L %= /ftf] /ª nufOPsf zAbsf 7fp“df p:t} cy{ lbg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h]/ jfSo kg' n{v] g ug'x{ f];\\ M -s_ cfsfzdf hg\" pbfPsf] lyof] . -v_ 3fdsf] k|sfzn] cfvF f ltld{/fof] . -u_ xfdLn] jftfj/0f ;kmf /fVgk' 5{ . -3_ z'Snfkmf6F sf] dgfx] / bZ[ o bv] /] d dSv k/]F . af]w / cleJolSt != …dfte[ l\" dsf] cfjfhÚ sljtf kfnk} fnf] no ldnfP/ k9\\gx' f];\\ . @= 5'6]sf zAb e/L Znf]s k'gnv]{ g ug'{xf];\\ M lxdfn d]/f] ÒÒÒÒ pRr ============ kxf8 ÒÒÒÒÒ / dw;] ÒÒÒÒÒ d ÒÒÒÒÒ dfG5;] l/ ÒÒÒÒÒ 7fg oL ÒÒÒÒÒ d]/f ;a x'g\\ ÒÒÒÒÒ . #= Ps jfSodf pQ/ eGg'xf;] \\ M -s_ s] afrF ] b]z afFR5 < -v_ bz] nfO{ s]n] l;Fufgk{' 5{ elgPsf] 5 < 4 g]kfnL, sIff ^

-u_ kxf8 / dw];nfO{ s] elgPsf] 5 < -3_ ;:+ s[ltsf] ;'jf; s;/L 5g{ elgPsf] 5 < $= lzIfsaf6 cgR' 5b] ;g' ]/ afGsL ldnfO{ nV] gx' f];\\ M xfdf| ] bz] gk] fn xf] . of] :jtGq / cv08 5 . xfdf| ] b]zdf ljljw efiff, wd,{ ;+:sl[ t / j]ze\"iff ePsf dflg;x¿sf] a;f]af; 5 . xfdf| ] b]z cg]stfdf Pstf ePsf] ;G' b/ b]z xf] . xfdL ;a} ldn]/ xfdf| ] bz] sf] ljsf; ugk'{ 5{ . %= pbfx/0f x/] L kª\\lStx¿nfO{ uBdf nV] g'xf;] \\ M pbfx/0f M cfdf Û ks' f5{g\\ ;an] dnfO{ . ;an] dnfO{ cfdf ks' f5g{ \\ . -s_ uf}/f vn' f];\\ ;G' b/ b]p8fdf . -v_ l;Fufg{ cfpm >dn] dnfO{ . -u_ g]kfn xfF;f];\\ ldlynf snfdf . ^= kf7sf cfwf/df ;ªl\\ IfKt pQ/ n]Vgx' f];\\ M -s_ sljtfdf s;nfO{ cfdf l:jsfl/Psf] 5, lsg < -v_ sljtfsf cfwf/df gk] fnnfO{ s;/L k0\" f{ dflg;;l/ 7flgPsf] 5 < -u_ g]kfnLsf] ;+:s[lt / jz] e\"iff s:tf] kfOG5 < &= efjlj:tf/ ug'{xf];\\ M 5g} g\\ k/fO{ ;a efOefO cfdf Û k'sf5{g\\ ;an] dnfO{ . *= …dft[el\" dsf] cfjfhÚ sljtfsf] d\"n efj n]Vg'xf;] \\ . 5 g]kfnL, sIff ^

(= …dfte[ l\" dsf] cfjfhÚ sljtfsf] bf;] f| ] Znfs] af6 tLgcf6] f kZ| g agfpgx' f;] \\ . !)= lxhfc] fh rf8kj{ a9L e8l\\ snf / vlrn{ f aGb} uPsf 5g\\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf ;w' f/sf nflu tkfO“{ c¿nfO{ s;/L cg/' fw] ugx{' G' 5, atfpgx' f;] \\ . eflifs ;/+ rgf / j0fl{ jGof; != tnsf] cg'R5b] k9\\gx' f];\\ / pQ/ lbg'xf];\\ M eLd;]g yfkf, cd/l;+x yfkf, aneb| s'jF /x¿sf] jL/tfn] of] b]z ;w}F :jtGq 5 . o;sf cfkm\\g} df}lns ljzi] ftf 5g\\ . oxfF w]/} pkTosf 5g\\ . sf7df8f,}F bfª, l;Fhfnufotsf pkTosfdf ;G' b/ a:tL lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\\ . kfv] /f, d':tfª, :ju{åf/L, sGofd, nl' DagLnufotsf P]ltxfl;s 7fpxF ¿ klg oxLF 5g\\ . xfdf| ] bz] jgkfvfn] el/k\"0f{ 5 . oxfF af3, efn,' xfQL cflbsf] ayfg lgl:kmjm| L lx8F \\8n' u5{g\\ . xfdLn] o:tf hgfj/nfO{ dfof ug'{k5{ . o;sf ;fy} gk] fnleq ;'g, rfFbL, tfdf, kmnfdnufotsf ;ofF} vlghx¿ 5g\\ . vlgh ;Dkbfsf wgL xfdL g]kfnL ks| l[ tkd]| L / ldng;f/ klg 5fF} . kZ| gx¿ -s_ dflysf] cg'R5]baf6 JolSt, 7fp,“ bJ| o / k|f0fL ae' mfpg] tLg tLgcf6] f gfd n]Vg'xf];\\ . -v_ dflysf] cg'R5b] af6 ;d\"x / efj ae' mfpg] zAb l6Kgx' f];\\ . JolSt, :yfg, j:t,' kf| 0fL, ;d\"x, efj cflb a'emfpg] zAb gfd xg' \\ . jfSodf gfd …sfÚ] / …s]Ú k|Zgsf] pQ/df cfpF5g\\ . @= lbOPsf gfdnfO{ …sfÚ] / …sÚ] sf] ;d\"xdf 5'6o\\ fpg'xf];\\ M r/f] kfgL xl/dfof w'jf F /dz] /rgf aa' f 5f]/f] lzIfs ufO { la/fnf] lstfa emfn] f vfhf dfdf lxdfn lbbL sfsf 6 gk] fnL, sIff ^

#= lbOPsf] cg'R5]b Wofgk\"j{s k9\\gx' f];\\ M d gk] fnL xF' . xfdL ;a} gk] fnL xf}F . ltdL gk] fnL xf} . tkfOF{ gk] fnL xg' 'x'G5 . pm gk] fnL xf] ls xfO] g eGg] dnfO{ yfxf 5}g t/ pxfF rflxF gk] fnL g} x'g'x'G5 . pM k/ pleg] dfG5x] ¿ sf] x'g\\ lg < ltgLx¿ t g]kfnL h:tf 5g} g\\ . tL kSs} klg ljb]zL x'gk' 5{ . Tof] rflxF g]kfnL xbF' } xf]Og . oL rflxF g]kfnL g} x'g\\ . $= /ftf] cIf/n] n]lvPsf gfdsf ;6\\6fdf ldNg] ;j{gfd zAb /fvL k'gn{v] g ug'x{ f];\\ M -s_ Gx'R5d] fg ahf/ uof] . GxR' 5d] fgn] klqsf lsGof] . -v_ a'af lzIfs xg' 'xG' 5 . aa' f ljBfnodf k9fpgx' 'G5 . -u_ efGhL ldng;f/ l5g\\ . efGhL ldlxgt] L klg l5g\\ . -3_ ;fyLx¿ km6' an vN] g uP . ;fyLx¿n] :j0fk{ bs kfP . %= tnsf ;jg{ fd / ljm| oflar hf]8f ldnfpg'xf;] \\ M Tof] k95\\ ; \\ xfdL k95\\ f } t F k95\\ f}F ltdL k95\\ g\\ pgLx¿ k9\\5 ^= lbOPsf ;j{gfdnfO{ jfSodf ko| f]u ug{'xf];\\ M xfdL, tkfO,{F pxfF, t,F ltdL, pm, pgL, of], Tof], oL, tL &= sljtfaf6 x:| j Osf/ -l_ nfus] f zAb l6Kg'xf];\\ . *= tnsf zAbsf] j0fl{ jGof; ldnfP/ nV] g'xf];\\ M s;Lnf,] O{lGhlgo/, u/La, OR{ 5f, kL/f,] ;xLb, ckmL;, 3Lp, k;L,{ k5f8L, k/Lefiff, ceLefjs, sjL, si[ fL, j[4L, ldtL, lglt, k08Lt gk] fnL, sIff ^ 7

;'gfO / af]nfO != ;g' fO kf7 ! ;g' /] l7s eP l7s / a]l7s eP a]l7s eGgx' f];\\ M -s_ gk] fndf n]s / a]F;Lx¿ 5g\\ . -v_ gk] fn d?el\" dsf] bz] xf] . -u_ xfdL g]kfnsf :jKg xfF} . -3_ xfdL ;a} ldn]/ bz] sf nflu v6g\\ 'k5{ . @= ;'gfO kf7 ! sf cfwf/df pQ/ eGgx' f;] \\ M -s_ ;a} hgf gk] fnnfO{ s:tf] el\" d eG5g\\ < -v_ o;s} f xfF} :jKg xfdL eg/] s]nfO{ ;ªs\\ t] ug{ vfl] hPsf] xf] < -u_ xfdL sf] h:t} ;Gt, 1fgL / jL/ xg' k' 5{ < -3_ bz] agfpg ;a} hgfn] s] ug{k' 5{ < #= sIffsf ljBfyLx{ ¿ ;dx\" df a:gx' f;] \\ . To;kl5 ljleGg ;Gbe{ ;fduL| , Odn] , OG6/g6] nufotsf] pkofu] u/L cfkmg\\ f] :yfgLo txsf] efu} fl] ns l;dfgf, hfthflt, ;:+ sl[ t, jz] ei\" ff, vfglkg, efiff / hg;ªV\\ of zLifs{ df Ps Pscf6] fsf af/d] f hfgsf/L ;ªs\\ ng u/L sIffdf k:| tt' ugx{' f;] \\ . l;h{gf÷kl/of]hgf != tnsf s'g} Ps zLif{sdf sljtf nV] g'xf];\\ M -s_ rf8kj{ -v_ gk] fnsf lxdfn -3_ gbLgfnf @= tkfO“s{ f ;db' fodf af]lng] gk] fnL efiffafxs] sf sDtLdf la;cf]6f zAbx¿ ;ªs\\ ng ug{x' f];\\ . tL zAbx¿sf] gk] fnL cy{ klg nV] gx' f;] \\ . cfkm\" n] ;ª\\sng u/]sf efiffsf zAb / ltgsf gk] fnL cy{ klg sIffdf ;g' fpgx' f];\\ . 8 g]kfnL, sIff ^

kf7 @ kj\" { k7g lrqdf lbOPsf kf}/fl0fs kfqx¿sf af/]df tkfO{“nfO{ s] hfgsf/L 5, ;fw] vfh] u/L atfpg'xf];\\ M ;Ltf eLd e:df;'/ PsnJo xsn'{ ; onDa/ g]kfnL, sIff ^ 9

d\"n kf7 sd' f/ ojj|mLt @ zf/bf/d0f g]kfn uª\\uf lsgf/sf] /dfOnf] 3gf hªu\\ nleq ef/åfh dl' g a:y] . pgsf] / /E} odl' gsf] cf>d glhsglhs} ags] f lyP . /E} odl' g To;tfsf lgs} sxlnPsf ljåfg\\ lyP . pgsf 5f]/f k/fj;' klg TolQs} gfdb' ljåfg\\ eP/ lg:s]sf lyP . htf uP klg logLx¿s} ljåQfsf] rrf{ ;l' gGYof] . rf/l} t/af6 dflg;x¿ 1fgu'gsf s'/f l;Sg To; cf>ddf cfO/xGy] . ToxfF lgs} rxnkxn lyof] . ;uF s} f] ef/åfh cf>d eg] ;wF} ;'g;fg b]lvGYof] . ef/åfh cfkm\" w/] } h;f] ;dflwd} /xGy] . pgsf 5f/] f ojj|mLt xnSs a9s] f t lyP t/ k9]sf eg] lyPgg\\ . ptfsf] cf>ddf eg] k/fj;' / pjfj{ ;s' f] rxnkxn lyof] . of] b]v/] ojjm| Lts} dgdf klg w]/} s'/f v]Ng yfn]sf lyP, æpgLx¿n] w/] } g} kl9;s,] sfd b]vfO;s] / gfd klg sdfO;s] . d eg] cem} 7G8f/fd 5' . d ca k9/] ltgLx¿ h:t} ljåfg\\ slxn] xg' ] < s;/L xg' ] < gk9Lsg} ljåfg\\ aGg] pkfo vfH] g'k¥of] af ÛÆ dgdf o:t} o:t} s/' f vn] fpbF } Ps lbg s'df/ ojj|mLt b]j/fh OGb|sxfF k'u] . ojj|mLtsf ;a} u'gf;f ;l' g;s]kl5 OGbn| ] eg,] æafa' ojj|mLt, 1fg / l;k cfh{g ug{ ldlxg]t u//] k9\\g} k5{ . gk9L ljåfg\\ aGg vf]Hg' t ;kgfdf n8\\8' vfP/ lakgfdf c3fpg vf]Hg' h:t} xf] . ltdL ljåfg\\ u?' sxfF hfpm . ldlxg]t u/ . x/] , k9]/ l;Sg} g;Sg] dfG5] ltdL xfO] gf} . ltd|f] k9fOdf d klg hf] ;ss] f] dbt u?Fnf x'Gg <Æ zAbfy{ cf>d M kf| rLg Clifdl' gx¿n] a:gsf lglDt kf| oM hª\\undf agfPsf] cfjf; ljåQf M ljåfg\\ xg' 'sf] efj ;dflw M tk:of 10 g]kfnL, sIff ^

bj] /fh OGb|n] dg nufP/ pkfo ul/lbP eg] gk9Lsg klg ljåfg\\ aGg ;lsG5 eGg] ojjm| Ltn] c7f]6 u/] . pgn] cem lh2L u//] eg,] æd ca k9g\\ lt/ nflUbgF, d EofpFlbgF sfsf . dnfO{ tkfOFn{ ] h;/L klg gk9Lsg} ljåfg\\ aGg] pkfo atfOlbg} k5{ .Æ OGb|n] ljleGg pbfx/0f lbP/ k6s k6s ;DemfOae' mfO ug{ vfh] ] t/ pgsf] lh2L emg\\emg\\ a9b\\ } uof] . cflv/df pgn] OGb|sf 9f]sfdf cgzg g} ;?' u/] . s'df/ ojj|mLt laxfg ;a]/} uª\\uf:gfg ug{ hfGy] . :gfg ;lsPkl5 kms]/{ OGbs| f 9f]sfdf cfO{ /ftlbg si6 bv] fP/ k;f/f] kl//xGy] . ojj|mLtsf] x7 bv] /] bj] /fh OGb| x}/fg eP . ;'?df PsbO' { lbg t pgn] s]xL ;f]Rg} ;s]gg\\ . t];|f] lbg pHofnf] x'ge' Gbf cufl8 g} OGbn| ] cfˆgf skfn / bf/L hF'3fdf ;]tf] bn] . pgn] em'qe] mfd|] sk8f nufP . Ps hgf ;dfh;]jL a'9f dfG5]sf] e]if agfP/ laxfg} ;6' 'Ss uªu\\ fsf] lsgf/df a;] . s'df/ ojj|mLt uª\\uf:gfg ug{ hfbF f ToxfF lsgf/df Ps hgf a9' f dfG5]nfO{ b]v] . tL a'9f dfG5] cfˆgf d'7Ldf afn'jf p7fpFb} uªu\\ fsf] kfgLdf ˆofFSb} ul//xs] f lyP . a'9f dflg;nfO{ cfb/ ugk{' 5{ eGg] hfgs] f sd' f/ ojjm| Ltn] bO' { xft hf]8]/ eg,] æk|0ffd xh'/aa' f <Æ æcfzLjf{b afa' ÛÆ lklnSs x]/]/ d:' s/' fpFb} a9' f dfG5] km]l/ cfˆgf] sfddf nfu] . a9' f dfG5]sf] sfd x/] /] dgsf] vn' bn' L /fS] g g;sL sd' f/ ojjm| Ltn] glhs} uP/ ;fw] ,] æo;/L uªu\\ fsf] kfgLdf Ps Ps d'7L afn'jf ˆofFs/] s] kmn ldN5, xh'/a'af ÛÆ k|Zg ;g' /] klxn] t a'9f dfG5] lvTsf 5f8]/ xf;F ] . pgn] eg], æafa', of] t cSsnsf] s'/f xf] . xg] {x' f];\\ g, oxfF Pp6f k'n gxg' fn] a6j' fx¿n] w]/} bM' v kfPsf 5g\\ . oxfFg/] km/flsnf] / alnof] Pp6f kn' agfOlbg'k5{ . cgzg M cfxf/ Tofu 11 gk] fnL, sIff ^

To;kl5 a6j' fx¿nfO{ uª\\uf kf/ ug{ ;lhnf] xG' 5 / d]/f] gfd klg rN5 . d of] afnj' f gbLdf ˆofsF /] Pp6f eJo k'n agfpg nfus] f] 5' .Æ a9' f dfG5]sf s'/f ;'g]/ ojj|mLtnfO{ xfF;f] p7\\of] . pgn] xf:F b} eg], æo;/L as] f/df ;do / >d vr{ ug{' t dv\" {tf xf]Og /, xh/' aa' f < olt kfsf] pd/] df klg o:tf] sfFrf] a'l4 s;/L cfPsf] < o:tf] ug{ t ePg lg .Æ æxF, x'bF g} / < lsg gxg' ] afa' <Æ a'9f dfG5]n] uDeL/ aGb} eg], æafa' Û lxhf] dfq d}n] ;g' ]F, Ps hgf ojj|mLt gfdsf xfg] xf/ s'df/ sx] L lbgb]lv OGbs| f 9fs] fdf cgzg a;/] ljåfg\\ xg' sl;g'ePsf] 5 /] . ljåt\\ ;dfhdf xs' {]sf sd' f/ ojj|mLt TolQs} s/' } gae' mL cgzg a:g'ePsf] xf]nf t < cgzg a;]sf e/df gk9Lsg} dflg; ljåfg\\ aGg ;S5 eg] o;/L afnj' f ˆofsF ]/ uª\\ufdfly lsg kn' /fVg ;lsGg < d t cfF6 u//] } nfus] f] 5,' afa' ÛÆ a9' fsf s/' f ;g' ]/ ojjm| Lt eml:sP . pgnfO{ oL a9' f dfG5] OGb| g} xg' \\ ls h:tf] klg nfUof] . o;af/] a9L ;fw] vf]h gu/L pgL v;' 'Ss gbLdf cf]n]{ . To;kl5 gx' fP, sk8f km/] ] / ldlxg]t u/]/ k9g\\ ] clg ljåfg\\ aGg] ;ªs\\ Nk lnP/ km6fkm6 u'?sn' lt/ nfu] . ljåt \\ M al' 4dfg\\ ;ªs\\ Nk M c7f6] u'?sn' M k|frLg k4ltsf] lzIffs]Gb| 12 gk] fnL, sIff ^

zAbe08f/ != zAb / cyl{ ar hf8] f ldnfpg'xf;] \\ M v';S' s x]b}{df ;G' b/ Pjd\\ ljzfn xf]gxf/ c7f]6 a]sf/ Hofb} l;kfn' lvTsf ;'6'Ss x7 k|l;4 gfdb' /l;nf] ;ªs\\ Nk a];/L xfF:bfsf] cfjfh eJo sfd gnfUg] lh2L @= ljk/Lt cy{ ae' mfpg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h]/ nV] g'xf;] \\ M d\"v{, rn] f, kfss] f], xfx] Nnf, lakgf, cGTo, cK7o\\ f/f] #= zAbhf8] LdWo] ljk/LtfyL{ zAbhf8] LnfO{ lrg/] ufn] f] 3]/f nufpg'xf];\\ M cfsfz – kftfn c;n – v/fa hn – kfgL ;kmn – ljkmn sfd – vfd cSsn – a'l4 jg – hªu\\ n ;g' fO–afn] fO lbg – /ft $= sIffdf 5nkmn u/L tnsf ljk/Lt cy{ a'emfpg] zAb nV] g'xf];\\ M ldq, psfnf], hLjg, ;Hhg, ljif, ;DkGg, ;sf/fTds gk] fnL, sIff ^ 13

%= jfSodf ko| f]u ug'{xf];\\ M ;ª\\sNk, lh2L, dbt, ljåfg\\, xf]gxf/ af]w / cleJolSt != tnsf zAb z4' ;“u ;fgx'{ f;] \\ / k9/] ;fyLnfO{ ;'gfpg'xf];\\ M ef/åfh /}Eo cf>d ljåfg \\ k/fj;' pjf{j;' ljåQf rrf{ ojj|mLt xnSs 7G8f/fd OGb| cfhg{ dbt lh2L ljleGg cgzg uª\\uf:gfg si6 bf/Lhu'F f k0| ffd eJo al' 4 ;ªs\\ Nk @= kf7sf cfwf/df l7s a]l7s n]Vg'xf;] \\ M -s_ sd' f/ ojj|mLt ef/åfh dl' gsf kq' lyP . -===========_ -v_ ojj|mLt OGbs| xfF k9\\gsf nflu uP . -===========_ -u_ ojj|mLt OGb|sf 9fs] fdf lbge/ cgzg a:y] . -===========_ -3_ lji0f' ;dfh;]jLsf] ei] fdf uª\\uf lsgf/df cfP . -===========_ -ª_ sd' f/ ojjm| Lt ljåfg\\ aGg] ;ªs\\ Nk lnP/ u?' sn' lt/ nfu] . -======_ #= l7s pQ/df l7s lrxg\\ -√_ nufpg'xf];\\ M -s_ k/fj;' / pjf{j;'sf lktfsf] gfd s] lyof] < -c_ ef/åfh -cf_ /E} o -O_ jlzi7 -O{_ b|f]0ffrfo{ -v_ ojjm| Lt gk9Lsg ljåfg\\ aGg] pkfo vf]Hg s;sxfF uP < -c_ /}EosxfF -cf_ lji0fs' xfF -O_ OGb|sxfF -O{_ nIdLsxfF -u_ ojjm| Ltn] OGbs| f 9f]sfcufl8 s] ;'? u/] < -c_ cgzg -cf_ gfrufg -O_ efif0f -O{_ sljtf jfrg 14 gk] fnL, sIff ^

-3_ ojjm| Lt laxfg} sxfF gx' fpg hfGy] < -c_ od'gf gbLdf -cf_ sj' fdf -O_ uª\\uf gbLdf -O_{ kFw]/fdf -ª_ OGbn| ] d'7Lsf] afnj' fn] uª\\ufdf s] agfpg] s'/f u/] < -c_ b/af/ -cf_ k'n -O_ dlGb/ -O_{ af6f] $= kf7sf cfwf/df Ps jfSodf pQ/ nV] g'xf;] \\ M -s_ ojjm| Lt s;sf ;Gtfg lyP < -v_ ojjm| Lt lsg OGb|sxfF uP < -u_ ;kgfdf n8\\8' vfP/ lakgfdf c3fpg' eg]sf] s] xf] < -3_ OGbn| ] lsg e]if abNgk' /s] f] lyof] < -ª_ ojj|mLtn] gk9L klg s] s'/f hfg]sf lyP < -r_ ojj|mLt lsg km6fkm6 u?' sn' lt/ nfu] < %= kf7sf cfwf/df nfdf] pQ/ lbgx' f;] \\ M -s_ OGbn| ] ojj|mLtnfO{ s;/L ;Demfpg vf]h], syfsf cfwf/df j0f{g ug'{xf;] \\ . -v_ …sd' f/ ojjm| LtÚ syfsf] dV' o ;Gbz] nV] gx' f];\\ . ^= syfsf] bf;] f| ] / t;] |f] cg'R5]baf6 kfr“ cf6] f kZ| g agfpg'xf];\\ . tkfO{n“ ] agfPsf k|Zgx¿ ;fyLnfO{ ;f]Wg'xf;] \\ . ;fyLn] ;fw] s] f k|Zgsf] pQ/ tkfO{“ klg lbg'xf];\\ . &= syfsf] klxnf] cg'R5b] sf] ;f/ nV] g'xf];\\ . *= OGbn| ] ojjm| LtnfO{ gk9L 1fg ldNb}g eGg] s/' f ae' mfpg] zn} L tkfOn{“ fO{ s:tf] nfUof,] cfÇgf ts{ lbP/ Ps cg'R5]b nV] g'xf];\\ . (= s'df/ ojj|mLtsf] 7fp“df tkfO“{ x'ge' Psf] eP s] ug{'xG' Yof,] tkfO{“sf] ljrf/ k:| tt' ugx{' f];\\ . !)= sd' f/ ojjm| Lt s:tf kfq x'g,\\ syfsf cfwf/df nV] g'xf;] \\ . 15 gk] fnL, sIff ^

eflifs ;+/rgf / j0f{ljGof; -sIff ^ sf ljBfyLx{ ¿sf] km' 6an vN] g] sfoj{ |md;DaGwL s'/f xb'F } lyof] . pSt 5nkmndf sIff lzIfs kmfNu'0fL / sIffsf ;a} ljBfyLx{ ¿ ;xefuL lyP . Ps sg' fdf b'O{ hgf ljBfyL{ s/' f ub}{ lyP ._ /Tgdfg M ;/f]h Û ltdL k'm6an gvN] g] xf] / < ;/fh] M ltdLx¿ g} vn] . cfkmF} 6fn] L agfcf] . dnfO{ vN] g dg 5g} . -bO' { hgfsf] s'/f ;g' k] l5 ===_ u'?cfdf M -;/fh] nfO{ ;DemfpFb_} x/] ;/fh] , s'g} klg v]n ;a} ldn]/ v]Ng'k5{ . To;}n] cfh d, xfdL, tF, ltdL, tkfOF,{ xh/' , of,] Tof,] cfk\"m, c¿ eGb} ga;fF} . ;a} ldn/] vn] fF} . k]Daf M hf] v]Nb}g To;nfO{ lsg s/ ug{] u'?cfdf < a? sf] sf] vN] g], sf] sf] gv]Ng], gfd l6kf}F g . sf] 6fn] L gt] f aGg] klg 5nkmn u/f}F . s;n] s] ug{] xf,] To;sf] ;r\" L agfcfF} . -;an} ] kD] afsf] s'/fdf ;xdlt hgfP ._ != dflysf] s/' fsfgL dgdg} k9g\\ x' f;] \\ . Toxf“ /v] fªs\\ g ul/Psf zAb gfdsf ;6\\6fdf ko| f]u ePsf 5g\\ . gfdsf ;66\\ fdf ko| fu] xg' ] o:tf zAbx¿ ;j{gfd xg' \\ . oL ;j{gfd zAbnfO{ gbfx] f]¥ofO{sg l6kf6] ug'{xf];\\ . @= jfSodf cfPsf ;jg{ fd lrg/] vfnL 7fpd“ f n]Vgx' f;] \\ M -s_ hf] ldlxgt] u5{, Tof] ;kmn xG' 5 . -hf], Tof]_ -v_ lgdf h] lsG5, kf;fª klg ToxL lsG5 . -==========,===========_ -u_ efOalxgLn] h;nfO{ e]6], bfhl' bbLn] To;nfO{ e]6g] g\\ . -===, ===_ -3_ h;n] dx sf95\\ , p;n] xft rf65\\ . -======,======_ 16 gk] fnL, sIff ^

-ª_ ;fl/sfn] h] elgg\\, lko| ª\\sfn] pxL ul/g\\ . -==========,========_ -r_ hf] cuj' f 5, To;n] unt sfd ug'{x'bF }g . -===========,===========_ -5_ s]6fx¿ h] h] eG5g\\, ;fyLx¿ ToxL ToxL dfG5g\\ . -=====, ====_ -h_ h;nfO{ 3/ hfg' 5, To;n] lgj]bg n]Vgk' 5{ . -===========,========_ #= /ftf] kfl/Psf gfdsf ;6\\6fdf k|Zg a'emfpg] ;j{gfd /fv]/ jfSo agfpgx' f;] \\ M -s_ alxgL 3/ uOg\\ . sf] 3/ uOg\\ < -v_ p;n] snd x/fof] . ================================================< -u_ pgLx¿n] cfFk / ;G' tnf vfP . =================================< -3_ aa' fn] syf eGg'eof] . =============================================< -ª_ uf]kfn vt] df uof] . ================================================< $= cg'R5]b k9L ;j{gfd zAb l6Kg'xf];\\ / jfSodf k|of]u ug{x' f;] \\ M xfdL gk] fnL xf}F . xfd|f] cfˆg} lsl;dsf] ;+:s[lt 5 . xfdLsxfF pd]/, ;fOgf] cflbsf cfwf/df …t,F ltdL, tkfO,F{ xh/' Ú sf] k|ofu] ug{] rng 5 . k/fk] sf/df ljZjf; ug{] g]kfnLx¿df …dÚ / …xfdLÚ nfO{ eGbf …pmÚ, …pgLÚ jf …pgLx¿Ú nfO{ a9L dxŒj lbObF }g . Gofo / ;dfgtfsf] s/' f ubf{ sf] cfˆgf] / sf] k/fO{ eGg] s/' fnfO{ dxŒj lbOGg . cfk\"m ;xL x'Fbf gemS' g] t/ uNtL eP lz/ em'sfP/ uNtL :jLsf/ ug]{ gk] fnL rng 5 . :jod\\nfO{ efl] n s] vfg] eGg] ;d:of x'bF f klg cfk\"m;uF ePsf] s/' f cfh} bfg ug{ g]kfnLx¿ ;wF} tTk/ x'G5g\\ . %= lbOPsf] cgR' 5b] dgdg} k9g\\ 'xf];\\ / ;'?, lar / cGTodf bL3{ Osf/ nfus] f zAbsf] ;r\" L agfpgx' f];\\ M ljBfyL{ hLjg c;n afgL ljsf;sf] ;do xf] . o; ;dodf h] h:tf] afgLsf] ljsf; u¥of] pxL afgL hLjgel/ /xg] ub{5 . g]kfnL, sIff ^ 17

To;n} ] o; ;dodf vfgkfg / p7a;df ljzi] f Vofn ug'{k5{ . cfˆgf] z/L/ / JolStTjnfO{ kmfObf gk'Ug] s'/faf6 6f9f /xg'k5{ . o;f] ug{ ;s] hLjgsf] ;'vef]u ug{ ;lsG5 . hLjgdf kl/>dL aGg'k5{ . kl/>d ug]{ afgL klg oxL ;dobl] v a;fpbF } ul/of] eg] hLjg efu] fO ;lhnf] xG' 5 . ;dodf ;'Tg,] kj\" d{ f ;o\" { gpbfpbF } p7\\g] tyf plrt cfxf/ljxf/ ug{] afgL ljsf; ugk{' 5{ . k9fOdf ldlxgt] ug,{] c¿kl| t ;xofu] L efjgf /fVg] h:tf afgLsf] ljsf; ug'{[k5{ . plNnlvt sfd ug{ ;s] ljBfyL{ hLjgnfO{ ;xL cyd{ f ;bk' of]u u/s] f] 7x5{ . ^= …sd' f/ ojj|mLtÚ kf7sf] clGtd cgR' 5]baf6 bL3{ Osf/ nfu]sf zAbsf] ;\"rL agfO{ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpgx' f];\\ . ;'gfO / afn] fO != ;'gfO kf7 @ ;g' /] vfnL 7fp“ eg'x{ f;] \\ M -s_ dxfsfJosf /rgfsf/ dxlif{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ x'g\\ . -v_ …dxfef/tÚ df d\"ntM sf}/j / kf08jsf] kfl/jfl/s ;DaGw / ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ syf 5 . -u_ oxfF y'k|} yk' |} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ syf 5g\\ . -3_ b]jjt| / pgsf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ syf 5 . @= ;'gfO kf7 @ sf cfwf/df hf8] f ldnfpgx' f];\\ M -s_ PsnJo if8\\oGqsf/L -v_ ljb'/ s/' f}6] -u_ b'jf{;f dxfg\\ wg'w{/ -3_ zsl' g gk9L 1fg kf| Kt ug{ vfH] g] afns -ª_ ojjm| Lt dxf1fgL l/;fxf 18 gk] fnL, sIff ^

#= ;g' fO kf7 @ ;'gs] f cfwf/df pQ/ eGg'xf];\\ M -s_ …dxfef/tÚ df ss;sf syf 5g\\ < -v_ …dxfef/tÚ sf] d'Vo ;Gb]z s] xf] < $= tkfO“{n] ;g' ]sf] sg' } Pp6f syf sIffdf ;g' fpg'xf;] \\ . l;h{gf÷kl/of]hgf != lbOPsf ;Gbes{ f cfwf/df syf agfO{ To;sf] zLifs{ klg rog ugx{' f;] \\ M w]/} klxnf Eofu'tfx¿sf] bf8} k|ltof]lutf xg' ' . ;a} Eofut' f hDdf xg' ' . bf}8 ;'? xg' ' . bf}8]/ kxf8sf] 6K' kfdf kU' g'kg{] ;t{ xg' ' . Eofu'tfx¿ psfnfdf pkm| bF } sb' g\\ yfNg' . w]/} hgfj/x¿ Eofut' fsf] bf8} xg] { cfpg' . af6fdf nx/} nfu]/ ;a} hgfj/x¿ psfnfdf Eofu'tf s'bs] f] xg] '{ . Eofut' fx¿ pkFm| b} r9g\\ ' . Eofu'tfx¿nfO{ w]/} ufx|f] xg' ' . ;a} hgfj/n] Eofu'tfx¿nfO{ ufxf| ] eof] eGg' . Eofu'tfx¿ klg xfdL ;Sg] /x]g5f}F egL bf8} 5f8] g\\ ' . Pp6f Eofut' fn] ;a}nfO{ ;Demfpg' . c¿ Eofut' fn] ;fy glbg' . Tof] Eofut' f] kxf8sf] 6K' kfdf kU' g' . ToxL Eofut' fn] bf}8 lhTg' . nIo kf| lKtsf nflu c¿sf s/' faf6 ljrlnt geO{ cufl8 a9g\\ 'kg]{ ;Gb]z . @= sIffsf ;fyL ldn]/ cfkm\" a:g] j8f sfofn{ osf] cjnfs] g ed| 0f ug'x{ f;] \\ / Toxf“af6 x'g] sfox{ ¿ -a8fkqsf cfwf/df_ ;dfrf/sf] 9fr“ fdf tof/ kf/L sIffdf ;g' fpg'xf;] \\ . g]kfnL, sIff ^ 19

kf7 # kj\" { k7g tnsf lrqx¿ x/] L lrqsf af/d] f sIffdf 5nkmn ugx'{ f];\\ M ;fs]nf gfr s'df/L gfr n67\\ L gfr tfdfª ;n] f] df?gL gfr 3f6' gfr 20 gk] fnL, sIff ^

dn\" kf7 # gk] fnL ;:+ s[lt ;dfhdf a:g] dflg;sf] cfˆg} lsl;dsf] ;fdflhs hLjg x'G5 . k/Dk/fut ¿kdf ljsl;t x'Fb} cfPsf] pgLx¿sf] cfrf/ljrf/, rfnrng klg cfˆg} lsl;dsf] x'G5 . pgLx¿sf] snf, ;flxTo, efiff, wd{, bzg{ , dN\" odfGotf cflb klg leGg / ljzi] f lsl;dsf] x'G5 . oL ;a} s'/fsf] ;dli6nfO{ ;+:sl[ t elgG5 . o;} cy{cg;' f/ gk] fnL ;:+ s[ltnfO{ cYof{pg] xf] eg] g]kfnLx¿n] k/Dk/fb]lv g} cjnDag ub}{ cfPsf] hLjgk4lt tyf d\"NodfGotfnfO{ gk] fnL ;:+ sl[ t eGgk' 5{ . g]kfnL ;:+ sl[ t eu\" f]n / hflt tyf wd;{ Dkb| fosf] leGgtfsf cfwf/df ljljwtfdo aGg k'u]sf] 5 . of] g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns ;LdfeGbf klg k/k/;Dd kml} nPsf] 5 . o:tf] lj:tf/ / ljljwtfsf dfemdf klg PsTj /xg' gk] fnL ;+:s[ltsf] ljzi] ftf ags] f] 5 . zAbfy{ cfrf/ljrf/ M rfnrng bz{g M xg] {] bl[ i6sf0] f ;dli6 M p:t} vfnsf j:ts' f] dn] cjnDag M ckgfpg] sfd hLjgk4lt M hLjg lhpg] tl/sf gk] fnL, sIff ^ 21

gk] fn k|fsl[ ts ;'Gb/tfn] el/k0\" f{ e\"kl/jl] i6t b]z xf] . oxfF ;of}F hfthflt / efiffefifLsf dflg;x¿sf] a;f]af; /x]sf] 5 . k\"j{b]lv klZrd;Dd} kml} nPsf af| x\\d0f / 5q] Lx¿ b;F}ltxf/nufotsf ljleGg kjx{ ¿ dgfpF5g\\ . ;+:sf/ / ;:+ s[ltsf wgL pgLx¿ d\"ntM g]kfnL efiff afN] 5g\\ t/ klZrdlt/ eg] 8f]6]nL, bfr'{n]nL, c5fdL cflb efiff klg af]N5g\\ . k\"j{sf ls/ftLx¿ wfg gfr, RofAa|'ª gfr / ;fsn] fdf /dfp5F g\\ . ls/ftLx¿dWo] klg lnDax' ¿ lnDa' efiff af]N5g\\ eg] /fOx{ ¿ afGtjf, rflDnª, nf]xf]?ªnufotsf cgs] /fO{ ls/ftL efiffx¿ af]N5g\\ . ;fs]nf -pwF fn} L, peF f}nL_, rf;f]s tªgfd cflb dgfp5F g\\ . klZrdsf g]kfnLx¿ bp] 8f egk] l5 x?' Ss x'G5g\\ . pgLx¿ uf}/f kjd{ f /dfp5F g\\ . dWo v08df tfdfªx¿ ;n] f] gfR5g\\ . tfdfªx¿n] afN] g] efiffnfO{ tfdfª efiff elgG5 . pgLx¿ w'dwfdsf ;fy Nxf];f/ dgfpF5g\\ . g]jf/x¿ xfs'k6f;L / 5f]6f] bf}/fdf 7fFl6P/ la:s]6hfqf, OGb|hfqf, Dxk\"hf cflb dgfp5F g\\ . pgLx¿sf] efiffnfO{ g]kfn efiff elgG5 . u?' ª / du/x¿ /fb] Ldf /D5g,\\ 3f6d' f gfR5g\\ . u?' ªx¿ u?' ª / 3n] efiff afN] 5g\\ eg] du/x¿ du/ tyf vfd efiff af]N5g\\ . Nxf;] f/ / e\"ld k\"hf pgLx¿sf] dV' o kj{ xf] . t/fO{ dw];df dw;] Lx¿ cgs] /ªx¿n] kmu'jf /ªu\\ fpF5g\\, 57df ;\"os{ f] pkf;gf u5{g\\ / l;?jf kj{ dgfp5F g\\ . pgLx¿ dl} ynL, ef]hk/' L, cjwL, /fhj+zL, lwdfn, ;tf/, pbn{\" ufot efiff af]N5g\\ . dfly lxdfnlt/ rf/} Lsf] k'R5/ 8fn] fpbF }, aSv' / bfr] fdf ;lhP/ zk] f{ ;d'bfo Nxf;] f/ dgfp5F g\\ . To;/L g} ysfnL / 8fN] kfnLx¿sf cfˆg} efiff / kjx{ ¿ 5g\\ . ljleGg es] df ljleGg efiff, e]if, kj{ / hfqfx¿ dgfpFb} cfˆgf] ;:+ sl[ t k5o\\ fpg] x/s] hfthfltsf] hGdbl] v dT[ o;' Ddsf cg]s ;:+ sf/x¿ 5g\\ . sltko hfltsf To:tf ;:+ sf/x¿lar ;dfgtf klg 5g\\ . sltdf leGgtf klg 5g\\ . o;/L hfthfltlkR5] / gk] fnL eu\" f]nsf] v08lkR5] km/s km/s hLjgk4lt, hfqf ek\" l/j]li6t M b]zsf] ;a} l;dfgf hldgn] 3]/s] f] 22 g]kfnL, sIff ^

jf kj{x¿, efiff, ei] f jf ;:+ sf/ xg' ' / Pscfk;df ;lxi0ft' f sfod /fVg' gk] fnL ;+:sl[ t xf] . hflt, efiff / eu\" fn] lkR5] km/s km/s dN\" odfGotf eP h:t} wflds{ cf:yfsf b[li6n] klg g]kfnLx¿df ljljwtfdf Pstf kfOG5 . kj\" L{o cfo{ ;Eotfsf cgo' foLx¿ lxGbw' d{df ljZjf; ub{5g\\ / o;nfO{ cGo ;Eotfsf ;db' fon] klg j/0f u/]sf 5g\\ . To:t} uft} d a'4sf dxfg\\ pkb]znfO{ cfTd;ft\\ ug{] af}4 wdfj{ nDaL klg w]/} 5g\\ . hg} / lzv ;Dk|bfosf dflg;x¿ klg 5g\\ . oxfF dl' :nd wd{df ljZjf; ug{]x¿ klg w/] } 5g\\ . oxfF ls/ft wd{ dfGgx] ¿ klg 5g\\ . gk] fndf O;fO{ wd{ dfGgx] ¿ klg 5g\\ . ;l+ jwfgn] g} wd{ lg/kI] f /fi6s« f ¿kdf kl/eflift ePsf] o; dn' s' df pbfx/0fLo wflds{ ;lxi0f'tf 5 . oxfFsf lxGbx' ¿ a4' nfO{ cfˆg} bj] tf dfgL kH\" 5g\\, af4} bzg{ sf cgo' foL aG5g\\ . af4} wdfj{ nDaLx¿ klg lxGb'nfO{ ;Ddfg u5{g\\ . lzv / hg} sf] klg lxGb' / af4} ;Fu dnldnfk cg's/0fLo 5 . oxfF lxGb', af4} , O:nfdnufot ;a} wds{ f] ;Ddfg xG' 5 . pgLx¿ ;lxi0f' eO{ ;xsfo{, d]nldnfk / Pstfsf] ;Gb]z lbG5g\\ . Pscsf{sf] rf8kj{ dgfpF5g\\, To;df ;xefuL eO{ /dfOnf] u5g{ \\ . o:tf] clåtLo wflds{ dn] ldnfk gk] fnL ;:+ sl[ t xf,] gk] fnL ;:+ sl[ tsf] ljz]iftf xf] . g]kfnL ;:+ s[lt gk] fnleq dfq xfO] g, ;;+ f/sf] h'g s'gf;Dd gk] fnLx¿ ku' s] f 5g\\, Toxf;F Dd kml} nPsf] 5 . g]kfnaflx/ ef/tsf] bflhl{ nª, l;lSsd, hg} M dxfjL/n] rnfPsf] clx;+ fTds wd{ lzv M u'? gfgsn] rnfPsf] Ps wd{ wd{ lg/k]If M sg' } Pp6f wdn{ fO{ dfq dfGotf glbg] O:nfd M d'xDdbn] kr| ngdf NofPsf] d;' ndfgL wd{ ;lxi0f' M ;xgzLn ;xsfo { M Ps ;fy ldn/] sfd ug]{ kl| jm| of clåtLo M hf8] f gePsf,] ckl| td gk] fnL, sIff ^ 23

sflnDkfª] / klZrd aªu\\ fnsf] pQ/L If]q t g]kfnL ;+:sl[ tsf] e08f/ g} xf] . To;bl] v kj\" { cf;fd, d3] fno, dlgk/' nufotsf ef/tLo /fHox¿df klg ToxfsF f] kl/j]z ;'xfpFbf] g]kfnL ;+:s[lt hLljt 5 . ef/tsf c¿ /fHox¿df klg g]kfnL dn\" sf w/] } dflg;x¿sf] a;fa] f; 5 . cfhLljsfsf] l;nl;nfdf gk] fnLx¿ tL 7fpxF ¿df ku' k] l5 pgLx¿sf] ;fyd} gk] fnL ;:+ sl[ t klg uPsf] 5 . ef/tafx]s Dofgdf/, xªsª, a]nfot, cd]l/sf, c:6]l« nof cflb b]zdf klg gk] fnL ;+:sl[ t km}nbF f] 5 . ;fpbL c/]laof, stf/, b'aO,{ dn]l;of, blIf0f sf]l/of, hfkfg, l;ªu\\ fk'/, a|g' fO,{ Oh/fon, kf]NofG8 cflb b]zx¿df klg g]kfnL ;:+ s[ltsf] lj:tf/ eO/xs] f] 5 . o;/L g]kfnaflx/ g]kfnL ;+:sl[ t km}ng] dxŒjk\"0f{ cfwf/ gk] fnL efiff / g]kfnleq afl] ng] cGo efiffx¿ ag]sf 5g\\ . o;sf ;fy} g]kfnL ;Fu} gk] fnLn] dgfpg] rf8kj{, jz] ei\" ff, vfgkfg / g]kfnL ;:+ sf/ hxfF hxfF k'U5g\\ ToxfF ToxfF gk] fnL ;+:sl[ t km}lnO/xs] f] 5 . g]kfnLn] kfxg' fnfO{ b]jtf dfGg] kr| ng 5 . cfkm\"n] ?vf];'vf] vfP klg cltlynfO{ ld7fd] l;gf] vj' fpg] g]kfnL rng 5 . hggL / hGdel\" dnfO{ :jue{ Gbf klg dxfg\\ 7fGg] k/Dk/f 5 . ;fdflhs lxtsf nflu kf6Lkf}jf, af6f]3f6f] / kn' kn' ];f agfpg] rng 5 . gk] fnLsf] bfg ug{] afgL kz| +;gLo 5 . ;db' fodf lhpbF f] 5Fbf hGtL / dbf{ dnfdL hfg] kr| ng 5 . df?gL, afng / ;f]/7Lsf efsfdf 6ª' \\gf, 8Dkm', Rofaª'| , dfbn / d'/nLsf] snfTds ;o+ fh] g 5 . o:tf] ljljwtfdo rfnrng g} gk] fnL ;+:sl[ t xf] . cfhLljsf M hLjg lgjfx{ sf nflu ul/g] sfd cltly M kfxg' f kf6Lkf}jf M a6'jfnfO{ a:gsf nflu agfOPsf] 7fp“ 24 gk] fnL, sIff ^

zAbe08f/ != tnsf zAb / cyl{ ar hf]8f ldnfpgx' f];\\ M ljljwtf rlncfPsf] /Lltlylt ?vf];v' f ] d'n's ;dfgtf ;:+ sf/ ;:+ sl[ t ;dfg x'g] l:ylt /fHo cgs] tf lrNnfr] fKnf] / /l;nfk] fl] ;nf] gePsf] k/Dk/f /fdf| ] @= p:t} cy{ lbg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h/] n]Vgx' f;] \\ M Rffnrng, cjnDag, ckl| td, kfx'gf, ;Dkbf, ;lxi0ft' f, lz/, rf8 #= cgs' /0ffTds zAb;u“ ldNg] ljm| ofd\"n 5fg]/ hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\\ M k'n'Ss r'lxg' 6'KnS' s a:g' emn' S' s efUg' tktk kf]Ng' yrSs em'Nsg ' etetL xg] {' ;6' S' s cfOk'Ug' 8o\\ fDd 6flF ;g' YofRr k8\\sg' uNof{Dd a:g' 6\\ofKk 9Ng' g]kfnL, sIff ^ 25

$= cEof; # df ko| fu] gePsf cGo bzcf]6f cgs' /0ffTds zAb l6kf6] u/L jfSodf k|ofu] ug'{xf];\\ . afw] / cleJolSt != hf8] f ldnfO{ cyk{ \"0f{ jfSo agfpg'xf];\\ M -s_ g]kfnL ;+:s[lt zk] f,{ tfdfª, u'?ªx¿sf] dxŒjk0\" f{ rf8 xf] . -v_ ls/ftx¿ lxGb'n] dgfpg] kl| ;4 rf8 xg' \\ . -u_ b]p8f g]kfnL ;+:s[ltdf bj] tf dflgG5 . -3_ 57 kh\" f gk] fnsf] efu} f]lns ;LdfeGbf k/;Dd kml} nPsf] 5 . -ª_ Nxf];f/ t/fO{ dw];df dgfOg] dV' o rf8 xf] . -r_ b;F} / ltxf/ ;fs]nf, rf;f]s tªg\\ fd dgfp5F g\\ . -5_ cltlynfO{ gk] fnsf] ;'b\"/klZrddf cToGt nfs] lk|o 5 . @= kf7sf] bf];f| ] cgR' 5]bsf cfwf/df pQ/ eGg'xf];\\ M -s_ ls/ftx¿ s]df /dfp5F g\\ < -v_ uf}/f kj{ d'Vo u/L sxfF dgfOG5 < -u_ gj] f/ ;d'bfodf dgfOg] d'Vo hfqf / kjx{ ¿ s] s] xg' \\ < -3_ /f]bL / 3f6d' f sf] sf] /D5g\\ < #= lzIfsaf6 ;g' /] n]Vg'xf;] \\ / cfkm\" n] nv] s] f zAbx¿ cfkm“} hf“Rgx' f;] \\ M ld7f]dl;gf], :ju{, Rofa|'ª, j]ze\"iff, cf:yf, dxŒjk\"0f{, d7dlGb/, ;lxi0f'tf, bfrn'{ n] L, xfsk' 6f;L, dT[ o,' ;:+ sf/, wd;{ Dkb| fo 26 gk] fnL, sIff ^

$= kf7sf cfwf/df 5f6] f] pQ/ nV] g'xf];\\ M -s_ ;:+ sl[ t eg]sf] s] xf] < -v_ g]kfnL ;+:sl[ tsf] ljzi] ftf s] xf] < -u_ gk] fndf wfld{s ljljwtfleq s:tf] Pstf 5 < -3_ g]kfnL ;:+ s[lt sxfF;Dd km}lnPsf] 5 < -ª_ …lhpbF fsf hGtL / dbfs{ f dnfdLÚ eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] < %= kf7sf cfwf/df nfdf] pQ/ nV] gx' f;] \\ M -s_ g]kfndf s] s:tf hflt, efiff / wd;{ Dk|bfox¿ 5g\\ < -v_ g]kfn ;f+:sl[ ts ljljwtf ePsf] bz] xf] eGg] egfOnfO{ kf7sf cfwf/df k'li6 ug{'xf];\\ . ^= cgR' 5]b k9g\\ x' f];\\ / kfr“ cf]6f ab'“ f l6kf]6 u//] sIffdf ;'gfpg'xf];\\ M sgf{nL k|b]z g]kfnL efiffsf] pb\\ud ynf]sf ¿kdf ;'kl/lrt 5 . o; k|b]zdf xD' nf, hD' nf, 8f]Nkfnufotsf lhNnf k5{g\\ . g]kfnL n]Vo ;flxTodf hD' nfsf] cfkmg\\ } klxrfg 5 . 8f]Nkf eg] 7'nf lznfv08 / zLtn jftfj/0fn] el/k\"0f{ 5 . To;}n] 8f]Nkf lhNnf k|fs[lts lrl8of3/sf ¿kdf klg kl/lrt 5 . 8fN] kf s'dfp ufpF gk] fnsf] e\"efudf kQf nfus] f] ;a}eGbf gofF dfgj a:tL xf] . oxfF ;'k|l;4 afnf lqk'/f;'Gb/L dlGb/ 5 . oxfF >L k\"0ff{gGb pkfWofon] afnf lqk/' f;G' b/Lsf] j0f{g u/L !(!$ df nv] s] f] lqk'/f ;x;|gfd zLif{ssf] kf08'lnlk k|fKt 5 . o; kf08'lnlknfO{ @)#& ;fndf /ljk|;fb Gofk} fgn] ] ;Dkfbg u/L k|sfzg u/s] f 5g\\ . oxfF af4} wdfj{ nDaLsf] afSnf] a;fa] f; 5 . &= tkfOs{“ f] ;db' fodf jf kl/jf/df dfGb} cfPsf] sg' } Ps rfnrngsf af/]df nV] gx' f];\\ . gk] fnL, sIff ^ 27

eflifs ;/+ rgf / j0fl{ jGof; != cgR' 5b] dgdg} k9g\\ x' f;] \\ / /ftf] cIf/df nl] vPsf zAbx¿ ;fyLnfO{ ;g' fpgx' f;] \\ M gofF sk8f nufPsf ;ft hgf dfG5]x¿ af6fdf lxlF 8/x]sf lyP . pgLx¿n] 7n' f] af/] f afs] s] f lyP . Knfl:6ssf] Tof] af/] f 6Dd afFlwPsf] lyof] . af]/fleq k'/fgf sfuhx¿ lyP . dfG5]x¿ tL ;a} c;n lyP . ltgLx¿n] w/] } ;fdfg afs] s] f lyP . pgLx¿;uF ;fgf] afa' klg lyof] . yf/] } k;} f / clnslt rfdn klg lyof] . kmnfdsf 6'j|mf xfn]sf] 7'nf] emfn] f klg lyof] . pgLx¿n] cfÇgf] ;fdfg cfkm}F af]s]sf lyP . dflysf] cg'R5b] af6 tflnsfdf ldNg] zAbx¿ l6Kgx' f;] \\ M …s:tf]Ú sf] pQ/df cfpg] zAbx¿ gofF …sqfÚ] sf] pQ/df cfpg] zAbx¿ …sltÚ sf] pQ/df cfpg] zAbx¿ …s'gÚ sf] pQ/df cfpg] zAbx¿ …s;sfÚ] sf] pQ/df cfpg] zAbx¿ jfSodf gfdsf] clulNt/ cfP/ …s:tfÚ] , …sqfÚ] , …sltÚ, …sg' Ú / …s;sf] sf] pQ/df cfpg] kbx¿ ljzi] f0f xg' \\ . ljz]if0fn] gfdsf] u0' f, ljzi] ftf, cj:yf, /ª, ;ªV\\ of, dfqf, j|md, cfjl[ Q, ;DaGw cflbnfO{ a'emfp5F . @= lbOPsf jfSodf /x]sf ljzi] f0f zAb klxrfg u/L nV] g'xf;] \\ M -s_ xfdLn] k/' fgf ;fdfgx¿ x6fofF} . -v_ ;fyLx¿ /l;nf ;'Gtnf / tfhf :ofp lsGb} lyP . -u_ sf;] L g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf 7n' f] gbL xf] . -3_ efOn] gofF 38L nufPsf] lyof] . -ª_ /fd|f nu' f nufpg dg k/fpg] w/] } 5g\\ . 28 gk] fnL, sIff ^

#= cgR' 5b] k9g\\ x' f;] \\ / /ftf] cIf/df nl] vPsf / /v] fªs\\ g ul/Psf zAbx¿ tflnsf agfP/ eg{x' f];\\ M c;n rl/q / v/fa rl/qdf w]/} cGt/ xG' 5 . /fdf| ] dflg; cfkm\" hlt k;} f lnG5, To;eGbf w/] } ofu] bfg lbG5 . g/fdf| ] dflg; cfkm\" slt k;} f lnG5 To;eGbf yf]/} dfq ofu] bfg ug{ rfxG5 . Hofbf of]ubfg u/] klg To;sf] hlt kmn k|fKt x'G5 To;df ;Gt'i6 x'g'k5{ . of] g} ;xL rl/qsf] ;'Gb/ gd'gf xf] . clnslt ofu] bfg ug{' / y'k}| kmfObf vfH] g' unt rl/qsf] pbfx/0f xf] . To;}n] xfdLn] yf/] } sfd ug{] t/ w/] } ;l' jwf vfH] g yfNg] xf] eg] xfdf| ] alnof] rl/q aGbg} . sdhf/] rl/q lnP/ ;kmn lzIfs, sdr{ f/L, Jofkf/L, snfsf/, gt] f jf s]xL klg aGg ;lsFb}g . /ftf] cIf/df nl] vPsf zAbx¿ /]vfª\\sg ul/Psf zAbx¿ Tfflnsfdf /ftf] cIf/df lbOPsf zAbx¿ u'0faf]ws ljz]if0f x'g\\ . c;n, v/fa, /fd|f], g/fd|f], ;Gt'i6, ;xL, unt, alnof], sdhf]/, ;kmn u'0faf]ws ljz]if0f x'g\\ . logn] u'0f, bf]if, cj:yf, kbfy{, /ª, cfsf/ cflb atfpF5g\\ . To:t} /]vfª\\sg ul/Psf zAbx¿ kl/df0faf]ws ljzi] f0f xg' \\ . w/] ,} hlt, slt, Hofb,} clnslt, y'k,|} yf/] ,} olt kl/df0fafw] s ljz]if0f x'g\\ . logn] gfdsf] olt jf plt dfqf jf kl/df0f a'emfpF5g\\ . $= tnsf ljzi] f0fnfO{ slt / s:tf] a'emfpg] ljz]if0fdf 5'6o\\ fpgx' f];\\ M ;fgf], /fd|f], kfrF , klxnf,] ;of,F} xhf/f}F, ul' nof], lttf], lk/f,] 6/f],{ cDnf,] ;o, klRr;, cf7, t];|f,] dl;gf,] k/' fgf,] nfvfF}, la; %= tnsf jfSod lnªu\\ , jrg / cfb/cg;' f/ ljzi] f0f ldnfP/ nV] gx' f;] \\ M -s_ ;fgf] 5f/] L 3/d} a:5] . gk] fnL, sIff ^ 29

-v_ cUnL s]6fx¿ elnan vN] b} 5g\\ . -u_ xfdf| ] efGhL / pgsL 5f]/L Pp6} ljBfnodf k9\\5g\\ . -3_ /fd|f] ljBfyL{ af]nLaf6} lrlgG5g\\ . ^= kf7sf] clGtd cgR' 5b] k9\\gx' f];\\ / ;?' , lar / cGTodf x|:j psf/ - _' nfus] f zAb n]Vgx' f];\\ . &= tnsf zAb z'4 u/L nV] gx' f;] \\ M al\" 4, bM\" v, ;v\" , s\"df/L, lhpm, cfo\", jfo\", s'v/\" f], dgi\" o, u\"n]nL, 38F\" f, rr' \"/f,] 5\"kL{, hQ\" f, bn\" f,] 7n\" f], d\"nf, n\"uf, gd\"gf, dh' /\" , l;kfn\" ;'gfO / afn] fO != ;g' fO kf7 # ;g' /] vfnL 7fp“ e//] jfSo k\"/f u/L eGg'xf;] \\ M -s_ Oefg ldgfPen] ============== sf] ofqf u/] . -gk] fn, ef/t, rLg_ -v_ Oefgn] ================ efiffsf] zAbsfz] tof/ kf/] . -gj] f/L, cjwL, lnDa\"_ -u_ ck|mf] Pl;ofnL n]vs ;Dd]ngdf ======== n] ;Daf]wg u/] . -dfwjk|;fb l3ld/], l;l4r/0f >i] 7, nIdLk;| fb bj] sf]6f_ -3_ /l;ofnL efiffdf =============== ;ªu\\ |x ks| fzg ePsf] lyof] . -syf, sljtf, uLt_ -ª_ ======== b]jsf]6fnfO{ ljz]if ;Ddfg ul/G5 . -?;df, s'a]tdf, e'6fgdf_ 30 gk] fnL, sIff ^

@= ;g' fO kf7 # sf cfwf/df ldNbf] zAb;u“ hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\\ M k:| tt' elgPsf ] jm| flGt crfgs xg' ] e]6 rrf{ Ps 7fpFdf hDdf kfg{] sfd ;Dafw] g eflifs ¿kfGt/ cgj' fb s;}nfO{ afn] fpg] jf k'sfg]{ sfd ;ªu\\ x| p2]Zo;fy ul/g] e]nf ;+of]u kl/jtg{ sf nflu ul/g] ljb|f]x ;Ddn] g uDeL/ 5nkmn #= ;'gfO kf7 # df cfwfl/t eO{ pQ/ eGgx' f;] \\ M -s_ Oefg ldgfPe sf] lyP < -v_ cS6f]a/ ;dfhjfbL j|mflGt slxn] eof] < -u_ tTsfnLg ;fl] eot ;ª\\3sf] e|d0f ss;n] u/]sf lyP < -3_ …gk] fnsf sljx¿Ú sljtf ;ªu\\ |x s;/L k|sfzg ul/Psf] lyof] < l;h{gf÷kl/of]hgf ! …dnfO{ dg kg]{ snfÚ zLif{sdf Ps cgR' 5b] tof/ kf/L sIffdf k|:t't ugx{' f;] \\ . @= cfÇgf] 7fp÷“ 6f]ndf ePsf] s'g} Ps ;f+:sl[ ts dxŒjsf] :yfg -dlGb/, uD' af, dl:hb, luhf3{ /, yfg, kf6L, kfj} f, rft} f/f,] wdz{ fnf, ;fjh{ lgs ejg, lsl/ofkq' L 3/, u7' L cflb_ sf af/]df Ps cgR' 5b] n]Vgx' f;] \\ . gk] fnL, sIff ^ 31

kf7 $ kj\" { k7g tnsf lrq x/] L ltgLx¿sf af/d] f atfpgx' f];\\ M vfd kqd~h'iff /l] 8of] 6l] nlehg l6s6 32 gk] fnL, sIff ^

d\"n kf7 $ 5f]/fnfO{ lr7L ldlt M @)&^÷)#÷!^ cn d/' Aaf, l/ofb, ;fpbL c/l] aof Kof/f] 5f]/f] sdn]z, z'efzLjf{b Û d oxfF cf/fd} 5' . ToxfF ltdLx¿ klg cf/fd} /x]sf] s/' f ltdf| ] kqaf6 yfxf kfPF . kqdf ltdLn] cfdf / ufp3F /sf] xfnva/ n]Vb} dnfO{ 3/ kmsg{ cg/' f]w u/s] f /x5] f} . kq k9]/ cToGt v;' L 5' . 5f]/f sdnz] Û dnfO{ ltdf| ] kq k9b\\ f lhDdj] f/Ln] ltdLnfO{ ;fg} pd]/df 7'nf] agfP h:tf] cge' \"lt eO/x]sf] 5 . xg' t ltdL pd]/n] P3f/ jif{sf dfq eof} t/ ltdL cfdfsf] ;xf/f / 5 jif{sL alxgLsf] cleefjs klg xf} . 3/df aa' f gePkl5 ltdLdf slnn} pd/] df lhDdj] f/L cfOnfUof] . casf] sx] L dlxgfkl5 ltdL lszf]/ sfndf k|jz] u5f}{ . lszf]/ pd/] df z/L/df xg' ] xdf{]gx¿sf] kl/jtg{ n] JolStsf] ;f]Rg] tl/sfdf klg km/s kf5{ / cln ljbf| x] L efjgf cfp5F . To;}n] lszf]/ sfnnfO{ cfFwLax] /Lsf] pd]/ klg elgG5 . d k/b]zL aa' fnfO{ ltdf| af/]df o;sf/0fn] klg cln lrGtf nflu/x]sf] 5 . ltdL d/] f ;e' mfj / lzIfsx¿sf] dfu{bzg{ df /x/] cl3 a9g\\ ] 5f} eGg] s/' fdf d ljZj:t 5' . ltdLn] cfkm\\gf] hLjg ;fys{ kfg]{ 5f} . zAbfy{ M dgn] cg'ej ug{] sfo{ cge' \"lt M ;Demfpg] jf :d/0f u/fpg] sfd ;'emfj M af6f] b]vfpg] sfd dfu{bzg{ gk] fnL, sIff ^ 33

5f]/f, lszf]/ sfn kf/ u/k] l5 ltdLnfO{ ;fyLx¿;uF a9L 3'nldn ug{ dg nfUg] 5 . o:tf] an] fdf ltdLn] ;fyL 5fGbf ;a}eGbf a9L ;fjwfgL ckgfpgk' g{] x'G5 . ;fyLx¿n] af]Ng,] vfg,] sfd ug],{ ;f]Rg] cflb s/' fx¿n] ltd|f] ultljlw / ;f]rfOnfO{ cfsf/ lbO/xs] f] x'G5 . w/] } lszf]/lszf/] Lx¿ ;fyLx¿sf] nx}nx}df nfu]/ unt ultljlwdf km:g kU' 5g\\ . To;}n] ltdLn] klg ;fyL 5gf6] ;Fu} ;fyLnfO{ ug{] Jojxf/df klg ljz]if Wofg lbg' h?/L 5 . ltdLn] ;fyLnfO{ ;xof]u, ;b\\efj / p;sf] b'Mvdf ;xfge' l\" t lbg ;Sof} eg] abnfdf ltdLn] klg ToxL kfp5F f} . ltdLnfO{ yfxf 5bF } 5 lg, wt/' fsf] lap /fk] ]/ cfFk sxLF klg kmNb}g . sdnz] , ltdLn] lr7Ldf dnfO{ c/a 5f8] L cfˆg} bz] df kms/{] sfd ug{ cfux| u/s] f /x5] f} . ltdf| ] cfu|xnfO{ ;nfd 5 . d klg ToxL ;fR] b} 5' . cfTdLo kl/jf/hg, lxti} fL cfkmGt / l5d]sL, ufpF3/ / b]z 5f]8/] k/b]l;Psf] 5 jif{ k\"/f eP5 . a;f}bF{ l] vsf] C0f lt¿F / ltdLx¿sf] lzIffsf nflu clnslt hf]xf] u¿F eg]/ c/a k;s] f] lyPF . ljbz] df eg] cfkm\" n] ;fr] ]h:tf] gxF'bf] /x5] . oltsf jif{bl] v rfln; l8uL| eGbf dflysf] tfkj|mddf 3f]l6P/ aNn C0f ltl/;lsof] . ufp3F /d} a;/] Joj;fo ;?' ug{ kh'F Lsf] hfx] f] eg] ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . ca d rfF8} kmsG{ 5' / ltdLn] eg]h:t} ufp3F /d} s]xL u5'{ . dnfO{ vt] LkftLdf c;fWo} ?lr 5 . To;n} ] cfw'lgs tl/sfn] v]tL ug{] ;f]r agfPsf] 5' . xfd|f] t/fO{ dw;] nfO{ bz] sf] cGge08f/ dflgG5 . b'O{ jifc{ l3 5'6\\6Ldf 3/ kmsb{F f w]/} hldg afeF m} /xs] f] bv] F] . xfdL h:tf sfd ug{ ;Sg] l;ko'St hgzlStx¿ ljb]zdf uPkl5 hldg afFem} /xg' :jfefljs xf] . of] nIf0f b]zf]Ggltsf nflu sbflk /fd|f] xfO] g . oxL s'/f ;Dem]/ klg dn} ] ca ufpFd} cfwl' gs s[lif;DaGwL s]xL ug{] of]hgf agfPsf] 5' . ;/sf/n] klg sl[ if If]qdf s]xL ug{ rfxg]nfO{ ljleGg tflnd, cflys{ ;l' jwf / ;xl' not ;fjwfgL M ;tst{ f ;xfg'el\" t M csf{sf] b'Mv, j]bgf cflbdf xg' ] ;dfg cge' j ;x'lnot M sg' } vf; ljifo jf kl/l:yltdf ;an} fO{ jf vf; vf; JolStnfO{ lbOg] ;l' jwf 34 gk] fnL, sIff ^

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zAbe08f/ != zAb / cy{lar hf8] f ldnfpg'xf];\\ M lhDdj] f/L ;l~rt wg O{iof{ lhDdf lng] sfd khF' L dgdf pAhg] 8fx ljZjf; sg' } sfdsf lgldQ ul/g] aGbf]a:t hf]xf] e/f;] f nfe @= p:t} cy{ lbg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h]/ n]Vg'xf];\\ M cleef/f, shf,{ cfux| , ;Nnfx, /fi6«fG] glt, vn] frF L, va/, lgs6 #= lzi6frf/sf zAb jf zAbfjnLx¿ k9/] tflnsfsf] ldNg] sf7] fdf egx{' f;] \\ M ;fb/ gd:sf/, w]/} w]/} dfof, cfzLjf{b, b08jt\\, z'eflzif\\, ;k|]d ;Demgf, c;Ld :gx] , xflbs{ k0| ffd cfk\"meGbf 7'nfsf nflu k|of]u ul/g] lzi6frf/sf zAb jf zAbfjnL cfk\"m ;dfg -;fyL_ sf nflu ko| f]u ul/g] lzi6frf/sf zAb jf zAbfjnL cfk\"meGbf ;fgfsf nflu k|of]u ul/g] lzi6frf/sf zAb jf zAbfjnL 36 g]kfnL, sIff ^

af]w / cleJolSt != …5f/] fnfO{ lr7LÚ kf7 df}gk7g ug{x' f];\\ . To;kl5 lgDglnlvt ljifodfly ;fd\"lxs 5nkmn ug{'xf;] \\ M -s_ lr7Lsf] ;/+ rgf cflb efu -ldlt, 7]ufgf, ;Daf]wg, lzi6frf/_ dWo efu÷d'Vo efu -sz' nsfdgf÷ljifo kj| z] , dV' o s/' f, 6ª' U\\ ofpgL_ cGTo efu -;Dafl] wt;uF sf] ;DaGw, x:tfIf/ jf n]vssf] gfd_ vfdsf] gdg' f -k]|ifs / kf| kssf] gfd tyf 7u] fgfsf] jm| d_ -v_ lr7Lsf] ljifoj:t' tyf ;Gbz] @= kf7sf cfwf/df l7s pQ/df /h] f -√_ nufpgx' f];\\ M -s_ of] lr7L sxfFaf6 n]lvPsf] xf] < -c_ dn]l;of -cf_ ;fpbL c/]laof -O_ b'aO{ -O{_ stf/ -v_ of] lr7L s;n] n]vs] f] xf] < -c_ sdn]z kf;jfgn] -cf_ clegj kf;jfgn] -O_ clvnz] kf;jfgn ] -O{_ ljdn kf;jfgn] -u_ sdnz] kf;jfg slt jifs{ f] 5 < -c_ bz jif{sf ] -cf_ afx| jif{sf] -O_ rfw} jifs{ f] -O{_ P3f/ jif{sf] g]kfnL, sIff ^ 37

-3_ sdnz] sf aa' fn] g]kfn kmlsP{ kl5 s] ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf 5g\\ < -c_ Jofkf/ -cf_ s[lif -O_ pBfu] -O{_ gf]s/L $= kf7sf cfwf/df 5f6] f] pQ/ n]Vg'xf;] \\ M -s_ lr7Ldf aa' fn] 5f]/fnfO{ s] s:tf ;e' mfj lbPsf 5g\\ < -v_ /f]huf/Lsf nflu ljbz] hfg] rngnfO{ s;/L /fS] g ;lsG5 < -u_ clvn]z lsg c/a uPsf x'g\\ < -3_ clvn]zn] ufpF kmsk]{ l5 s] ug{] of]hgf agfPsf 5g\\ < %= …5f/] fnfO{ lr7LÚ kf7 k9L pSt lr7Lsf] k|ToQ' / nV] gx' f;] \\ / vfdsf] gdg' f klg agfpg'xf;] \\ . ^= awfO{ tyf s[t1tf 1fkg kq k9L ;f]lwPsf kZ| gx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\\ M -s_ awfO{ 1fkg kq awfO{ 1fkg o; ljBfnosf] ^ sIffdf cWoog/t 5fqf ;>' L cf:yf zdfn{ ] lhNnf:t/Lo nfs] g[To k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd :yfg xfl;n ug{ ;kmn xg' 'ePsfdf oxfsF f] pQ/f]Q/ ku| ltsf] sfdgf ub{} xflbs{ awfO{ tyf ze' sfdgf JoSt ub5{ f}F . k|frfo{ tyf hgtf dfWolds ljBfno kl/jf/ bfr{n' f 38 gk] fnL, sIff ^

-v_ s[t1tf 1fkg kq s[t1tf 1fkg d]/f] :jf:Yo cj:yf clt g} sdhf]/ eO{ cf}ifwL pkrf/ ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf ;dfh;]jL, ufpFs} cu|h JolStTj tkfO{F >L hubLz 1jfnLHoa\" f6 d/] f] :jf:Yo pkrf/sf nflu uge{' Psf] cflys{ ;xof]uk|lt xflbs{ st[ 1tf 1fkg ub5{ ' . kf| yL{ ;d' g zfxL sflns]Zj/L df=lj=, td' fv{ fb uf=kf= ^ c5fd kZ| gx¿ -s_ dflysf] awfO{ 1fkg s;n] s;nfO{ lbPsf] xf] < -v_ k|ltofu] Ln] s'g sfo{j|mddf efu lnPsf lyP < -u_ st[ 1tf 1fkgsf] d'Vo ljifo s] xf] < -3_ st[ 1tf 1fkg lsg u/s] f] xf] < &= tkfO“{ cfˆgf] 3/df sfx] L kfxg' f cfpb“ f pxfn“ fO{ s;/L :jfut tyf ;Ddfg ugx{' 'G5, x/]sn] cfcfˆgf] 3/sf] rngcg';f/ kfx'gfnfO{ ug]{ :jfut tyf ;Ddfgsf af/d] f sIffdf ;'gfpgx' f];\\ . eflifs ;+/rgf / j0fl{ jGof; != tnsf] cgR' 5b] dgdg} k9\\g'xf;] \\ / ljz]if0f zAb l6Kg'xf];\\ M d/] f] ljBfno ufpFdf 5 . d]/f] ljBfnodf yf]/} ljBfyL{ 5g\\ . tLdWo] xfd|f] 6f]naf6 w/] } ;fyLx¿ ToxL ljBfno hfG5g\\ . pgLx¿ cfˆgf] k9fO /fd/| L u5{g\\ . s]xL ;fyLx¿ vn] df ?lr /fV5g\\ . tL ;fyLx¿ k9fO / v]ndf cAan 5g\\ . g]kfnL, sIff ^ 39

@= tnsf ljz]if0f zAbnfO{ uf]nf] 3]/f nufpg'xf];\\ / gfd zAbnfO{ /v] fªs\\ g ug'{xf];\\ M d/] f] emfn] f, s]xL lstfa, Tof] dfG5], oL ?vx¿, yf/] } ;do, clnslt kfgL, tL ls;fgx¿, oL ;fyLx¿, k|z:t vfgs] '/f, tkfOsF{ f] ;fdfg, cfˆgf] emfn] f #= tnsf ljzi] f0f zAbsf k5fl8 ldNg] gfd zAb /fvL jfSo agfpgx' f;] \\ M cfˆgf], t/] f], Tof,] tL, oL, of,] ;a}, yf/] }, clnslt, Hofbf $= lbOPsf zAbsf x:| j / bL3{ psf/ ;RofP/ ;fg'x{ f];\\ M d\"lg, ;'rgf, s's/\" , afa,\" legfh\", l3pm, wg,\" lk8fn\", bofn,\" ;'rL, hfp, Nofp, a;,F' xf;F ' %= d\"n kf7af6 bL3{ psf/ - \" _ nfus] f zAb vfh] /] n]Vg'xf;] \\ . tL zAbnfO{ jfSodf k|of]u ugx'{ f;] \\ . ;g' fO / af]nfO != ;g' fO kf7 $ ;g' /] hf8] f ldnfpgx' f;] \\ M -s_ /lZd/fh lr7L n]vs] f] lbg -v_ !(^* rq} ! v]tL lau|/] nfu]sf] hDdf C0f -u_ af/ & ljm| ofkb ;dfjz] ePsf] sfz] cyft{ \\ ljm| ofsfz] -3_ 5 ;o r]tgfysf bfO -ª_ cfVoft rlGbs| f zlgaf/ @= ;g' fO kf7 $ ;g' s] f cfwf/df pQ/ eGgx' f;] \\ M -s_ ;'gfO kf7 $ sf] lr7L s'g ljifodf n]lvPsf] xf] < -v_ lr7Ldf s;/L ;Dafw] g / lzi6frf/ JoSt ul/Psf] 5 < -u_ lr7Lsf] d'Vo cfzo s] xf] < 40 gk] fnL, sIff ^

l;hg{ f÷kl/of]hgf != cfÇgf] ljBfno / k9fOaf/] atfpb“ } ;fyLnfO{ Pp6f lr7L nV] gx' f;] \\ / vfdsf] gdg' f klg tof/ kfgx{' f;] \\ . @= casf] la; jif{df s] s:tf kl/jt{g xf]nfg\\ < ljBfnox¿ s:tf xfn] fg\\ < oftfoftsf s] s:tf ;fwg cfpnfg\\ < lj1fg tyf kl| jlwdf s] s:tf rdTsf/x¿ bl] vPnfg\\ < dflg;sf] bl} gsL s:tf] xfn] f < tkfOx“{ ¿ s] ub{} xg' x' fn] f < rf/kfr“ hgfsf] ;dx\" aGgx' f;] \\ . ca x/s] ;dx\" n] 5nkmn u/L sfkLdf kfr“ cf6] f ab“' f nV] gx' f;] \\ . tkfOs“{ f] ;dx\" n] nv] s] f ab“' fx¿sf cfwf/df ;dx\" af6 Ps hgfn] casf] la; jifd{ f xg' ] kl/jtg{ sf] j0fg{ ugx{' f;] \\ . g]kfnL, sIff ^ 41

kf7 % k\"j{ k7g tnsf JolStx¿ lrGgx' G' 5, 5nkmn u/L pgLx¿sf] ofu] bfgsf af/d] f atfpgx' f;] \\ M ljZjZ] j/k;| fb sf]O/fnf /fd zfx tf/fb]jL dfwjk;| fb l3ld/] js} '07 dfgGw/ nIdLk;| fb b]jsf]6f c?0ff nfdf ;Todf]xg hfz] L 42 g]kfnL, sIff ^

d\"n kf7 ;ªu\\ Ltsf/ cDa/ u'?ª % Dfflg; hGdn] xf]Og sdn{ ] dxfg\\ x'G5 . l;hg{ zLn sd,{ ;flxTo, ;ªu\\ Lt / snfsf] ;fwgfdf cfˆgf] hLjg ;dk{0f ug]{x¿ ;a}sf] dgdl:tisdf a:5g\\ . To:t} JolStx¿dWo] Ps dxfg\\ ;ªu\\ Ltsf/ cDa/ u?' ª xg' \\ . pgsf] hGd lj=;=+ !(($ kmfug' !$ ut] ef/tsf] bflhl{ nªl:yt ldlnª lrof sdfgdf ePsf] lyof] . lktf plh/l;x+ u?' ª / dftf /0] fs' f u?' ªsf ;k' q' cDa/ u?' ªsf] afNosfn ;fdfGo ¿kdf lat]sf] lyof] . ef/tdf hlGdP klg gk] fnnfO{ sdy{ nf] agfpg] cDa/ u?' ªsf] kV' ofn{} L ynf] gk] fnsf] uf/] vf lhNnfsf] l/l;ª ufpF xf] . pgn] bflhl{ nªs} 6g{a'n ljBfnoaf6 k|f/lDes lzIff xfl;n u/]sf lyP . cf}krfl/s lzIff ;fdfGo /x] klg pgn] kj\" L{o tyf kfZrfTo ;ª\\uLtsf] uxg cWoog u/s] f lyP . cDa/ u?' ªsf lktf lal| 6; uf/] vf kN6gdf hflu/] lyP . lktfsf] OR5f 5f/] fnfO{ klg cfkm\" h:t} kN6gdf hflu/ v'jfpg] /x] klg cfdfsf] k/]| 0ffn] pgL ;fg}b]lv ;ªu\\ Ltsf] ;fwgfdf nfUg k'u] . pgL ljBfnodf k9b\\ fbl] v g} ;a} h;f] ;fª\\uLlts sfoj{ |mdx¿df ;xefuL xg' ] uby{ ] . pgn] ;fgb} l] v zAbfy{ 43 l;hg{ zLn – l;h{gfdf nflu/xg] ;fwgf – ;kmntf k|flKtsf lglDt af/af/ ul/g] cEof; ;dk{0f — cfk\\mgf] clwsf/, :jfldTj cflb s;n} fO{ lbg] sfd ;dlk{t – ;l' DkPsf], r9fOPsf] kfZrfTo – klZrd]nL gk] fnL, sIff ^

ToxfF pknAw eP;Ddsf ;a} h;f] afhfx¿ ahfpFy], uLt ufpyF ] / /rgf klg uy{] . pgL wflds{ ehgx¿ klg ufpFy] . …x'g] la?jfsf] lrNnf] kftÚ eg] emF} ;ªu\\ Lttkms{ f] cle?lr / ;fwgfn] ubf{ pgL gk] fnL ;ªu\\ LtsdLx{ ¿sf k|]/0ffsf ;|f]t / cfbzs{ f k'~h aGg ku' ] . ;ªu\\ Lt;Fu cfˆgf] efjgf ufFl;Psf] ljrf/ /fVg] cDa/ u'?ªn] lj=;=+ @)!^ df …d cDa/ xÚF' / …;Dxfn]/ /fvÚ h:tf uLtaf6 cfˆgf] ;fªu\\ Llts ofqf ;?' u/s] f lyP . To;kl5 lj= ;+= @)!* df jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ cudl;x+ lu/Låf/f /lrt …gf} nfv tf/f pbfP==Ú af]nsf] uLt pgsf] :j/ tyf ;ª\\uLtdf snsQfdf /s] l8ª{ eof] . kj| f;df /x/] gk] fnLx¿n] ef]Ugk' /]sf b'Mv / ug{k' /]sf ;ª3\\ if{nfO{ o; uLtdf cleJoSt ul/Psf] 5 . o;} uLtsf sf/0f pgL rrfs{ f] lzv/df k'u] . kj| f;L g]kfnLsf] kIfdf /lrPsf] pSt uLtn] tTsfnLg /fhf dx]Gb| cToGt ke| fljt ePsf lyP . kl5 pSt uLt ef/t ;/sf/n] ahfpg k|ltaGw;dt] nufof] . o;af6 u'?ª lg/fz aGg ku' ] . o; 36gfn] pgnfO{ ;ª\\uLt If]q Pp6f k];f geO{ ;f]vsf] ljifo /x]5 eGg] nfUof] . ;ª\\uLtnfO{ k;] f agfpg] p2Z] o lnPsf u?' ªn] hLljsf rnfpg] l;nl;nfdf sl7gfO pTkGg ePkl5 Pstfs emG8} ;fª\\uLlts ofqfnfO{ 5f8] L t/sf/L vt] Ltkm{ nfUg k'us] f lyP . kl5 pgnfO{ kg' M ;ª\\uLttkm{ clek|]l/t ug]{ sfd g]kfnL ;flxTosf ;|i6f zª\\s/ nfld5fgn] ] u/] . oxL jm| ddf lj=;=+ @)@% lt/ tTsfnLg /fhf dxG] b;| uF pgsf] e6] eof] . /fhf dxG] bn| ] pgnfO{ gk] fn cfpg cfu|x u/] . /fhfsf] cfu|xnfO{ l:jsfb{} kl5 pgL g]kfn cfP . lj=;=+ @)@^ b]lv gk] fn k|1f k|lti7fgdf ;ªu\\ Lt1sf ¿kdf sfd ub{} nueu @* jif{ ;j] f/t /x] . u'?ªn] gk] fn cfudgkl5 w/] } sfnhoL gk] fnL uLt;ª\\uLtsf] l;hg{ f u/] . cle?lr – sg' } ljifo jf j:tk' |lt ePsf] tLj| ?lr jl/i7 – pRrsf]l6sf] ;i| 6f – /rgf ug,]{ lgdf{tf 44 gk] fnL, sIff ^

hLjgdf cfOk/s] f 36gfx¿n] g} cfkmn\" fO{ ;ª\\uLt l;sfPsf] eGg] wf/0ff JoSt ug]{ u?' ªsf] hLjg ;ª3\\ ifd{ o lyof] . hLjgdf ljleGg ;d:of / cflys{ cefj;Fu l;uF f/} L vN] b} pgL gk] fnL ;ª\\uLtsf] ;fwgf / pTyfgdf cxf]/fq nflu/x] . kfZrfTo ;ª\\uLt;uF gk] fnL ;ª\\uLtnfO{ ;+of]hg ug{] pgL Ps k|ofu] jfbL ;ª\\uLtsf/;d]t dflgG5g\\ . pgn] gk] fnL ;ªu\\ Ltsf Ifq] df uDeL/ cWoog, vfh] , cg';Gwfg / gjLg k|ofu] u/] . o; sf/0f pgL Ps ko| fu] zLn ;ªu\\ Ltsf/sf ¿kdf gk] fnL ;ªu\\ Lt hutd\\ f ;k' l/lrt aGg ku' ] . cDa/ u?' ªn] @)!! ;fndf jL0ff u?' ª;uF jj} flxs ;DaGw uf;F ] . pgLx¿af6 tLg 5f/] f / Ps 5f]/L u/L rf/ ;Gtfgsf] hGd eof] . tLdWo] lszf]/ u'?ª gk] fnL ;ªu\\ Lt hut\\df afas' f] laF8f] yfDg] ;Gtltsf ¿kdf b]vf k/] . cDa/ u'?ªsf] hLjg ofqf lzIf0f k;] faf6 k|f/De ePsf] lyof] . u?' ªn] cudl;x+ lu/Låf/f :yflkt efg'eSt ljBfnosf] kw| fgfWofks eP/ sx] L ;do sfd u/] . o;} j|mddf pgn] ;ªu\\ Lt k|lti7fg vfn] L w/] n} fO{ ;ª\\uLt lzIff kb| fg u/] . pgL;Fu lzIff kf| Kt ug{] kl| tefx¿df ufk] fn of]~hg, sd{ of~] hg, c?0ff nfdf, /l~ht uhd]/ cflb pNnv] gLo dw\" {Go k|ltefx¿ x'g\\ . o;sf ;fy} ek\" L z/] rg, zªs\\ / nfld5fg,] cudl;+x lu/L, a/} fuL sfOnF f, OZ{ j/ aNne, OGba| xfb/' /fO,{ pQd sjF' /, xl/eSt s6jfn h:tf ;flxTo ;fws;uF 3lgi7 / cfTdLo ;DaGw /x]sf] lyof] . …;of}F y'Fuf km\"nsf xfdL Pp6} dfnf gk] fnL===Ú af]nsf] xfd|f] /fli6«o ufgdf ;'dw'/ ;ªu\\ Lt eg]{ c¿ sf]xL geP/ log} dxfg\\ ;ªu\\ Ltsf/ cDa/ u'?ª x'g\\ . pgn] dxfslj nIdLk;| fb b]jsf6] fsf] nfs] lko| sfJo …d'gfdbgÚ / cxf/] fq – lbg/ft ;o+ f]hg – bO' { jf bO' {eGbf a9L tŒj ldNg] jf hfl] 8g] sfd uDeL/ – ljrf/k\"0f{, ulx/f] k|of]uzLn – k|ofu] df Nofpg l;kfn' dw\" G{ o – 7n' f, kd| 'v ;fws – sg' } s'/f l;4 ug]{ g]kfnL, sIff ^ 45

…s'l~hgLÚ, /fi6«slj dfwj l3ld/s] f] uLltgf6s …dfntL dªu\\ n]Ú / ztfAbL k?' if ;Todf]xg hf]zLsf rf/cf6] f gf6o\\ sl[ tdf ;ª\\uLt eg]{ sfd u/] . o;sf ;fy} pgn] …dgsf] afFwÚ, …hLjg/v] fÚ h:tf rnlrq / cflbslj efg'eStsf] j[Qlrqdf ;d]t ;ª\\uLt eg]{ sfd u/]sf lyP . o;sf cltl/St gk] fnL ;ª\\uLtnfO{ ;d[4 agfpg] j|mddf pgn] kfFr ;oeGbf a9L uLtdf ;ªu\\ Lt e/] . b'O{ ;oeGbf a9L uLt cfkm}nF ] ufP . Ps ;o krf;eGbf a9L uLtsf] /rgf klg u/] . o; cyd{ f pgLnfO{ gk] fnL ;ªu\\ Ltsf lqj0] fL dfGg ;lsG5 . o;/L g]kfnL uLt;ªu\\ Ltsf] ljsf;df pgn] k¥' ofPsf] ofu] bfgsf] pRr sb/ ub}{ gk] fn ;/sf/ tyf ljleGg ;ª\\3;:+ yfaf6 ljleGg k'/:sf/, ;Ddfg tyf pkflwåf/f pgnfO{ ljel\" ift ul/of] . pgn] k|an uf]/vf blIf0f afx' rf}yf] -@)@*_, OGb/| fHonIdL k/' :sf/ -@)#*_, hubDaf>L k/' :sf/ -@)%$_, l5Ggntf uLt k'/:sf/ -@)$&_, pQd zflGt k/' :sf/ -@)^$_, e\"kfndfgl;+x sfsL{ k'/:sf/ cflb k|fKt u/] . o;sf ;fy} xªsªdf cfof]lht sfoj{ m| ddf pgnfO{ dxf;ª\\uLtsf/sf ¿kdf ;Ddfg ul/of] . pgnfO{ gk] fnL ;]gfn] dfgfy{ dxf;]gfgLsf] pkflw k|bfg ug{'sf ;fy} :jb]z tyf ljbz] sf ljleGg ;ª\\3;:+ yfåf/f clegGbg;dt] ul/of] . cDa/ u?' ªn] ;ªu\\ Ltsf dfWodaf6 bz] / hgtfsf] ;]jfdf cfkm\"nfO{ ;dk{0f u/] . pgsf] :j/, ;ªu\\ Lt / /rgfn] gk] fnL ;ª\\uLte\"ld pj/{ f eof] . o;} jm| ddf pgL ;ªu\\ Lt tyf gf6o\\ k|1f kl| ti7fgsf k|yd s'nklt;d]t eP . hGd / dT[ o' Ps} l;Ssfsf b'O{ efu x'g\\ . hGdk] l5 dg'{ k|fs[lts lgod g} xf] . hlt;'s} dxfg\\ JolStn] klg Ps g Ps lbg d[To' j/0f ug}{ kb{5 . ztfAbL – ;o jif{sf] ;do ;d4[ – wgwfGo cflbn] ;DkGg lje\"lift – l;u“ fl/Psf], ;hfOPsf] clegGbg – of]ubfg ug{] JolStnfO{ ul/g] ;Ddfg pj/{ f – w/] } pAhfp xg' ] el\" d 46 gk] fnL, sIff ^