دروس مادة اللغة الانجليزية الفصل الثالث سنة ثالثة ثانوي

He does it again! Poster: $100 Debt hidden: $500 MILLION Executives` benefits: $1.3 BILLION Claiming ignorance of any wrongdoing with an expressionless face: PRICELESSThere are some things money can’t buy. Integrity is one of them.Here, the document is about the well-known ENRONcase. The logo has been turned into ENDRUN (=end of thejourney for the company) and some figures have been madeinto evidence so as to emphasize the moral conclusion.See text : dispatch 2 sequence III page 68Humour Therapy8

9 Used in medicine, it is called Humour therapy. It allows people to release fears, anger, and stress, all of which can harm the body over time. Some hospitals now have funny materials for people of any age and picture clowns in the children's ward of a hospital for cheering up sick children. The film Patch Adams, in which the actor RobinWilliams plays the main role, tells the true story of a doctorwho believes and uses the therapeutic value of humour totreat his patients.Activity 1 : Identify the techniques of humour used below 9

Answer: .................................1. The dead end sign is situated in a cemetery.Answer: .................................2. A Freudian slip is when you say one thing but meanyour mother.Answer: .................................3. abundant poverty - true lies - advanced beginnerAnswer: ..................4. No commentAnswer: .................................5. Which creature in the morning goes on four feet, at noon on two, and in the evening upon three?\"Answer: .................................6. Who would be the biggest of the three if Mrs. and Mr. Bigger had a baby? Answer: Little Bigger 10

Activity 2: Try to find the answer to the following riddles1. What's black and white and red all over? …………2. What flower grows on your face? …………3. What exam do young witches have to pass? …………4. My first is in tea but not in leaf …………..My second is in teapot but not in bean …………..My third is in caddy but not in paddy …………..My fourth is in herbal and also in health …………..My fifth is in rosy and in red …………..My last is in the classroom, do you listen to me?5. How do you know carrots are good for your eyes? …………………………………. 11

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7. The Smith Jones Robinson RiddleOn a train, Smith, Robin and Jones are the fireman,brakeman, and the engineer, but NOT respectively.Also aboard the train are three passengers who have thesame names: a Mr. Smith, a Mr. Robin, and a Mr. Jones.Mr. Robin is a passenger. He lives in Detroit.The brakeman lives halfway between Chicago and Detroit.Mr. Jones is a passenger. He earns exactly $20,000 per year.The brakeman's nearest neighbour, one of the passengers,earns exactly three times as much as the brakeman.Smith is not a passenger. He beats the fireman in billiard.The passenger whose name is the same as the brakeman'slives in Chicago.Who is the engineer? …………………… 13

8. Einstein's riddle: There are 5 houses in 5 different colours. In each house lives a person with a different nationality. The 5 owners drink a certain type of beverage, smoke a certain brand of cigar, and keep a certain pet. No owners have the same pet, smoke the same brand of cigar, or drink the same beverage.Somebody owns a fish. The question is: who? ..................Hints:9 The Brit lives in the red house.9 The Swede keeps dogs as pets.9 The Dane drinks tea.9 The green house is on the left, next to the white one9 The green homeowner drinks coffee.9 The person who smokes Pall Mall rears birds.9 The owner of the yellow house smokes Dunhill.9 The man living in the center house drinks milk.9 The Norwegian lives in the first house.9 The man who smokes Blends lives next to the one who keeps cats.9 The man who keeps the horse lives next to the man who smokes Dunhill.9 The owner who smokes Bluemaster drinks beer.9 The German smokes Prince.9 The Norwegian lives next to the blue house.9 The man who smokes Blends has a neighbor who drinks water. 14

B. Word Building a)-Let’s consider some double meaning vocabulary Shell is the name of a well known petroleum firm. It is also the hard outer covering of some types of animals such as the turtle. porcupine is both the name of a small animal with needle- shaped parts on its body and a desert plant – the cactus wave /weiv/: n: an area of raised water that moves across the sea. v: move your hand, for greeting. 15

cell: a small room in a prison or a police station where prisoners are kept and the abbreviation for a cellular phone. snow cap is both the part that covers the top of a mountain and a ski hat. sharpening a pencil involves circular movements and thus takes a little time. to get to the point: to talk about the most important fact or ideas and to reach the end of the pencil.16

Activity 3 Now, match the questions with the appropriate answer so as to make a joke:e.g.: Why did the scientist install a knocker on his door? To win the nobell (no Bell / Nobel) prize. Questions Answers1. What did the porcupine a. Nothing, it just waved. say to the cactus?2. What do prisoners use to b. To get to the Shell station! call each other?3. What did the sea say to the c. It turns a host into a ghost boat?4. Why don't mountains get d. Stop going in circles and cold in the winter? get to the point!5. Why did the turtle cross e. They wear snow caps. the road?6. Why is the letter \"G\" f. Cell phones. scary? g. \"Is that you mommy?\"7. What did the sharpener say to the pencil?1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 17

Activity 4: Combine the words in A with words in B so as to write a list of oxymoron in column C. AB C1. arid a. ambiguous 1. ...................................2. authentic b. safe 2. ...................................3. awfully c. summary 3. ...................................4. clearly d. tradition 4. ...................................5. confirmed e. mess 5. ...................................6. cruel f. dead 6. ...................................7. dangerously g. ocean 7.....................................8. detailed h. whisper 8. ...................................9. fine i. kindness 9. ...................................10. half j. reproduction 10. .................................11.loud k. rumor 11. .................................12. new l. nice 12. ................................. 18

Activity 5: Complete the phrases in A with the ones in B so as to make puns:AB1. Did Noah keep a. so I knocked her flat.2. If electricity comes from b. life is pointless. electrons,3. She criticized my apartment, c. ring a bell?4. Without geometry d. his bees in archives?5. Does the name Pavlov e. does that mean that morality comes from morons?1. ... 2. ... 3. ... 4. ... 5. ... 19

Activity 6 Write the corresponding pun as in the example e.g.: book title: Improve your Spelling Author: Rita Book (read a book) Book Title Author pun1. Animal Illnesses Ann Thrax .....................2.French population Francis Crowded .......................3. Cloning Ima Dubble ........................4. Inflammation Arthur Itis ........................5. Unemployment Anita Job ..........................6. Fight Loneliness Seymor Fellows .........................7. Neither a Borrower Nora Lender Bee ........................8.The French Chef Sue Flay .........................9.Invest Your Money Lois Reeske ......................... .........................10. Get Your Start in Robin Banks Life Justin Case11.Bring anUmbrella12.Your Future Horace Cope ........................ 20

Activity 7: Match the following phrases with the appropriate picturea. Who says I’m slow?b. Now, at least it won’t move.c. I’ve got the moused. I can give you a lift if you wish.e.. I’m good at playing cards too.f. I’m ready to get it.g. I was told there’s a mouse in the computer but there’s nothing.h. What a feast I’m going to have.i. Guess who it is?j. Let’s dance and sing together! 21

2. ...........................................1. ........................................ .3. ......................................... 4. ....................................5. .............................. 6. ................................... 22

7. ………………………….. 8. ……. …………...9. ………………………. 10. …………………. 23

C.Writing a). Write an appropriate legend under each picture 2.......................................1. ......................................3. ................................... 4. ........................................ 24

b)- Explain in one or two sentences the humour conveyed by these pictures: 1. ............................. ............................. ............................ .............................2. ....................................................................................................................................................... 25

3. ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... …………………………. 4. ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... 26

SEQUENCE IV : The Gift of the Magi by O. HenryA. Reading ComprehensionB. Pronunciation / SpellingC. Word-BuildingD. GrammarE. Writing 1

A. Reading Activity Read the text below and do the follow-up activities “The Gift of the Magi” by O. Henry One dollar and eighty-seven cents, that was all she had been able to save to buy a Christmas present for Jim. Suddenly she stared at a mirror with shining eyes. It sent back the image of Della` s beautiful hair shining and reaching below her knee. Della and Jim had two possessions of which they both were very proud. One was Jim’s gold watch that had been his father’s and his grandfather’s. The other was Della’s hair. She put on her old brown coat and went down the stairs. A few minutes later, she pushed a hairdresser’s door. 2

“Will you buy my hair?” asked Della.“Let me have a look.” said the hairdresser.“Twenty dollars,” she added, lifting the mass with her hand. Della spent hours looking for Jim’s present. Shefound it at last. It was a gold valuable watch chain. She paidtwenty-one dollars for it, and hurried home with the 87cents. Once at home, she looked at herself in a mirror and wondered anxiously for a moment what Jim would think of her haircut. Later, when he stepped in, he stared upon Della without any expression on his face.“Jim,” she cried, “don’t look at me that way. I had my haircut off because I wanted to give you a Christmas present.“Cut off your hair?” repeated Jim,“Cut it off and sold it,” said Della. Merry Christmas Jim!It’s Christmas Eve, Jim, come and see your gift.”Then Jim, who seemed suddenly to wake, drew a box fromhis inside pocket.“Dell, open that package.” Jim said. 3

Della` s fingers unwrapped the packet and the scream of joy she had first changed into tears. In the box lay the expensive set of combs, Della had admired, without the least hope of possession, in a shop window. Now, they were hers, but hertresses were gone. She hugged them to her bosom, and aftera while, she leaped up to show Jim his beautiful present.She held it out to him eagerly. “Isn’t it beautiful Jim? Give me your watch. I want to see how it looks on it.”“Dell,” said Jim, “ This is awonderful gift but let’s putour Christmas presents awayjust at present. I pawned thewatch to get the money forthe combs.” 4

New word:*to pawn: to leave a valuable object with a pawn-broker in order to borrow moneyActivity 1: Are the statements below true (T) or false (F)? Correct the false ones.1. The young couple did not have much money. ………………………………………………………2. Della sold her hair to buy Jim a watch. ………………………………………………………3. The hairdresser paid 87 cents for the hair.………………………………………………………….4. Jim stared upon Della because he disliked her haircut. ……………………………………………………….5. Della burst into tears when she saw her present because she didn’t like it.Activity 2: Give full answer to the following questions: 1. Why did Della and Jim sell and pawn their unique valuable possessions? ………………………………………………. 2. Why didn’t Jim react when he saw Della? ………………………………………………… 5

B. PronunciationThe final –b in words ending in –mb is silente.g. : comb /koum/ tomb /tu:m/Activity: Read aloud the words below and write them in the space provided Phonetic transcription Words/læm/ …………………….. ……………………../lim/ ……………………../θʌm/ ……………………../klaim/ 6

C. Word Building:9 Some nouns form their adjectives with the suffix -ful e.g.: beauty Î beautiful wonder Î wonderful9 Abstract nouns usually form their adjectives with the suffix –ship: e.g.: friend Î friendship partner Î partnership9 Some nouns form their adjectives with the suffix –ous e.g.: courtesy Î courteous courage Î courageousActivity1: Supply the correct suffix to each word and write it in the appropriate column. use - member - dread – humorous- ownership – fury – hope – miracle – tear – partner – relation – generosity - -ful -ous -ship……………… ……………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………………………… ……………… ……………… 7

Activity 2: Supply the correct word1. He got ………………… when he heard the news.2. We have built a ………………… between the firms.3. It was …………… that he was not killed in the accident.4. She’s trying to comfort the ………………… child.5.There are ……………… signs that he will recover soon.6. The ………………… of the house is being discussed as the deceased proprietor seemed to have no relatives.7. Nowadays ………………… techniques are used to cheer up sick children in hospitals.8. They gave us some ………………… information.9. It must be a pure coincidence. I do not think there is a ………………… between the two events.10. Scream was really a ………………… movie to watch.11. She is always ready to give things to others. She is the most …………………person I have ever met.12. I have to renew my ………………… in the sports club. 8

D. Grammar1.Past simple Use the past simple for:9 actions that began and ended at a particular time in the past. e.g.: She put on her old brown coat and went down the stairs. A few minutes later, she pushed a hairdresser’s door.9 If a sentence contains “when” and has the simple past in both clauses, the action in “the when clause” happens first.9 e.g.: Later, when Jim stepped in, he stared upon Della with a peculiar expression on his face. Form the past simple:9 of regular verbs by adding –ed e.g.: push Î pushed stare Î stared9 of irregular verbs by using the correct past form (you can check the list at the end of your book.) e.g.: put Î put go Î went Form the interrogative and negative statements with the auxiliaries did / did not e.g.: Why did Della and Jim sell their possessions? They did not have money for the Christmas gifts. 9

Activity: Supply the correct form of the verbs between1. Sue (stand) ………… under a tree when it (begin) ……... to rain.2 She (go) ………… downtown yesterday. She (spend) ……..…… all the afternoon in shops.3. When I (drop) ………… my cup, the coffee (spill) …….. on the tablecloth.4. I (get) ………… a package in the mail yesterday. When I (open) ………… it, I (find) a birthday gift from my sister.5. I quietly (tiptoe) …………….. out of the room when I (realize) ………… he was sleeping.6. When the gatekeeper (hear) ………… a strange noise, he (get) ………… up to investigate.7. I (not meet) ………… Jane at the party last night. (you invite) ………… her?8. She (live) ………… in London five years ago. 10

2. QuantifiersQuantifiers + countable nouns + uncount nounsAll / All of us All CDs are in sale. All rice comes from Asia.(100%) All of us swim.Nearly all (of) Nearly all books are in Nearly all tea( 80 - 99%) sale. comes from Nearly all of us speak India. EnglishA great deal There’s a greatof (36%-79%) deal of rice in the bag.A lot of They did not have a lot They did not(50% - 79%) of possessions. have a lot of money.Much(of) They do not have(50% - 79%) much money. Much of the farm was destroyed.Many(of) He didn’t ask many(50% - 79% ) questions. Many of my friends went to the party. 11

Quantifiers + countable nouns + uncount nounssome (of) I bought some CDs. I spent some money.(26% - 50%) Some of the CDs I used some of the are very cheap. milk left for a cake.Few (of) I had few friends.( 5% - 25%) Few of his songsLittle (of) are popular (= not( 5% - 25%) many) When she finished shopping, she had little money left. (=not much) As I had a little money left, I could buy a snack.almost no There are almost There is almost no( 1% - 4%) no apples left. tea left. 12

Activity: Choose the correct answer Use capital letters when necessary:1. In England, ...................................... motorists drive onthe left side the road.a)- no b)- few c)- all d)- many2. I don’t have any pictures left. I’ve given ........................ to John. a)- all them b)- all of them c)- them all d)- them all of3. Jack doesn’t look well. He’s lost .............................weight a)- a lot of b)- a lot c)- many d)- little4. I think he spends too ...................................... time playing computer games. a)- many b)- little c)- much d)- a lot of5. I made ................... fresh coffee and handed a cup to Bob. a)- few b)- some of c)- some d)- little of6. …………………. boys enjoy playing football.a)- much b)- a lot c)- many d)- some of7. .................................. the scientific articles are in English. a)- All of b)- Nearly all of c)- some d)- a lot 13

3. Each other / One anotherUse each other / one another with some verbs to describeactions in which two or more people or things do the samething to the other(s).e.g.: They looked at each other/one another and laughed.Activity: Complete the sentences with one of these verbs in an appropriate form followed by each other . avoid – communicate – compete – fight – face – help e.g: Countries ............................ with ........................ to build the tallest building in the world. Countries are competing with each other to build the tallest building in the world.1. We quarreled a few days ago and since then we’ve tried to .....................................................2. The internet allows people from all over the world to ..................................... with .....................................3. If you help ..................................... instead o working on your own, you will finish the work earlier.4. The two opponents ..................................... over the chess board before starting the game.5. They’ve been .............................. for such a long time that nobody believes the conflict has finally come to an end 14

E. Writing1. Summarize the story: …………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………2. Explain where the irony lies: …………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… 15

Reading In the quiet, sterile hospital, a clown with giant shoes and an enormous red nose suddenly bursts through a door and strides down the hall. Patients beware ... laughter is contagious! 16

Patch Adams is a doctor who combines humour withmedical treatment to heal his patients. He was once told by afaculty advisor, \"If you want to be a clown, join the circus.\" Patch did, in fact, want to be a clown. But he also wanted to be a doctor. He became both a passionate and dedicated doctor and the funniest clown. After graduation in the early 70`s, he founded the Gesundheit Hospital. Patch Adams uses humour to treat what he holds asgreat diseases of our world - boredom, fear and loneliness- . Today we know about endorphins and theirimportance of the mind in the healing process. Thatknowledge didn’t exist in the past. Patch is really a pioneerin the discovery of the medicinal values of laughter andcompassion. He says that they are as great a value tophysicians as medicines and technological advancements. Humour helps because smiling and laughing triggersthe secretions of chemicals known as endorphins.Endorphins strengthen the immune system (responsible forfighting disease and enhancing recovery), reduce pain, andrelaxes the body. Humour also works because it distractspeople from their worries and pain. Humour doesn’t alterthe situation, but it helps you to cope.Here are a few examples of humouristic ways Patch uses tolighten life in hospital 17

The patient taken to the surgery room is accompanied by a smiling clown doctor holding bunches of balloons to celebrate the trip to the road to recovery. All the patients have a walkman so that they can listen to humour CD’s at any time. Clowns and Performers are invited to visit hospitals and entertain the sick. ‘Under Repair Please Handle With Care’ badges are given to patients. A note on the hospital bedroom doors says:A place that serves breakfast in bed can’t be that bad. Patch Adams: “ My mother had a leg amputation as a result of having diabetes. When she regained consciousness, I smiled at her and said ‘Well mum, how does it feel to have one leg in thegrave?’ She laughed out loud and each time she told thatstory to her friends she laughed again. 18

Follow-up activities1. Fill the table below with information from the text:Name: Patch Adams - .................................Job: - ................................. - .................................Achievements: - .................................2. Answer the questions below:1.What are according to Patch Adams the greatest diseases? ……………………………………………………………................................................................................................2. How does he try to treat them?……………………………………………………………...............................................................................................3. How can humour help people to feel better?……………………………………………………………...........................................................................................4. Which humoristic examples used in hospitals do you appreciate the most.…………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………….5. Can you think of some others?……………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………. 19

Final Project- How can humour be used to lighten our daily experiences?- Think of other ways to use humour for helping people.- Think and write jokes- Draw your own humouristic pictures and make sure the message you want to pass on is clear enough.- Create your own jokes and drawings..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

Leisure Time Taking Tests1. Read each sentence and decide whether it is true or falsea)- It is not important to follow instructions exactly whenyou take a test ................b)- You should glance through the entire test before youstart answering questions ................c)- Try to answer all the questions on a test, even if you skipthem at first ................ 1

2. Choose the best answer to each questionA. What is the first thing you should do when you get a test? a)- start answering the questions. b)- look through the test to see how much time you have to answer each item. c)- read the instructions.B. What should you do before you start writing your answers a)- Find out how much time you have. b)- answer the questions you are sure of c)-read the instructions carefully to be sure you’re marking the answers correctly.3. Complete each sentence by writing the correct word or words in a blank. a)- When you write a word or words in a blank, you are taking a ................................................................ test. b)- When you match items in one column with items in another column, you are taking a ........................ test. c)- When you choose one of several possible answers, you are taking a ................................................. test. 2

Puzzle: There are 15 verbs in this puzzle. How many can you find?F I S H Q U WR I T E D X DZS T UDYAS I NGRF AEAONUGL I DE QE L Nv I BT AL KJ Z P L AYCS L E E P F K B S WI MT EJust for Fun: What are the words in these boxes? The first letter of each word is capitalized.o us Ns w er uu nr r ep vAtDai e pa de n LI R ETK MO EClues: 1. Creature that lived in ancient times 2. Something that you read. 3. Something that is existing 4. How long something is 3

Interpreting Idioms:1. If you zero in on a problem, you a)- miss it completely. b)- try hard but can’t find the solution. c)- concentrate your attention on solving it.2. If a new idea turns you on, it a)- changes your mind. b)- excites your imagination. c)- makes sense to you.3. If you complete a difficult task with flair, you do it a)- with lights. b)- with self-applause. c)- with style.4. If you pass an exam or review with flying colours, you a)- just barely pass it. b)- pass it gloriously and with great distinction. c)- pass it by mistake. 4

Problem solving1. 20 people are on a bus. When it stops, 4 people get off, and 6 get on. It stops again and 4 people get on. It stops again, and 5 people get off.- How many times did the bus stop? ............................2. Bags and Beads: You are given 5 bags. There are 10 beads in each of the bags. In four of the bags, the beads each weigh 10 kilograms. In the remaining bag, each bead weighs only 9 kilograms. All the bags and beads look identical. You must find out which bag has the lighter beads. The problem is that all the bags lookidentical and all the beads look identical. You can use ascale, but it has to be a single-tray scale, not a two-traybalance scale. Also, you may use the scale only once. Howcan you find out which bag has the lighter beads?Answer: .................................................................................................................................................................................. ................................... 5

Phrasal Verbs Phrasal Meaning Example Verbsask out: invite someone to He asked her out to abe against: do something (go movie.be back: to a show, a meal)be fed up oppose I’m against building awith: toy factory in City Park.be over: return I’m going to the store. I’ll be back in 15 minutes.break be completely I’m fed up with working.into: bored I want to have some fun. be finished The meeting will be overbring up: in a few minutes. enter illegally, Last week, a burglarcall off: especially by broke into my flat andcatch up force ( a bank, a took the TV.with: house, a building, etc.) You can bring up the mention or issue of child care at the introduce a next meeting. subject we had to call off the cancel (an event, picnic because of rain. an arrangement, an activity) She was walking fast. I reach someone had to run to catch up who is ahead with her 1

cheer up: become happier He was feeling depressed, but he cheered up when youcome up think of, invited him to the party.with: produce (an We must come up with a idea, a plan, a plan to improve thecount on: suggestion) economy.do depend on/relywithout: on (someone) If you ever need help, youfeel up to: manage in the can always count on me. absence of a I like coffee, but I can dofigure out: thing/ a person. without it. feel strongfill in: enough (to do I’m very tired. I don’t feel something) up to playing tennis.find out: understand someone or I can’t figure out why sheget away: something) married Bill. He has nothingget away with difficulty to offer.with: complete (a form a It took me an hour to fill in questionnaire) the application form. discover after making an How did you find out that effort he was living in Oslo. escape; be free to leave the police chased the bandit, do something but he got away. wrong or illegal He always cheats on her without being exams. I don’t know how he punished gets away with it. 2

get back reach home we spent the whole day atget over: again the beach and didn’t getget back until after dark.through:give in; recover from I had the flu last week, but Igo ahead: (an illness, a got over it quickly.go away:go on: disappointmentgo out: a shock)grow up:hold on: finish, complete We had a lot of workhold up: let (some work, a yesterday, but we got someone down: job, a book) through all of it. stop resisting; Her boyfriend didn’t want to surrender go dancing, but he finally gave in. proceed, Go ahead. Don’t wait for us continue leave, leave this Go away! I don’t want to place see you! continue any Go on with your story. It’s action very interesting. go to a social She has a lot of friends and event (theater/ goes out a lot. concert) become adult Children grow up very fast nowadays. wait (especially “ Hold on. I’ll be with you on the phone) in a minute.” rob Two gunmen held up the National Bank last week. disappoint You let me down. You someone (often promised to help me, but by breaking a you didn’t. 3

promise or an agreement)leave out: omit When he filled out the application form, he left outlook after: take care of his phone number. someone or My neighbour looks afterlook something. the dog while I am away.forward expect withto: pleasure We are looking forward tolook the party next week.someone visit someoneup: She looked up her unclelook up to: respect, admire when she was in Paris.make up compensate for Students look up tofor: a mistake, Professor Smith. I’m sorry. I forgot yourmove out: leave a house/ a birthday, but I’ll make it up flat with one’s for you.pick up: possessions. Our neighbour moved out get, collect of their apartment yesterday.pick up: (something or someone) she picked up a package at give someone a the post office. ride in a vehicle He picked up his son from school and drove him home. 4

KEY ANSWERSProject 5: Astronomy and the Solar system: Sequence I Sequence II Sequence III Sequence IVProject 6 Sequence I Sequence II Sequence III Sequence IVLeisure Time 1

Project 5 Sequence IA. Reading Comprehension Activity 1: 1. F It is concerned with the evolution of celestialobjects and the development of the universe. 2. T 3. F Some discoveries were made prior to the telescopeinvention. 4. T 5. T Activity 2: 1. What did astronomy comprise in early times? 2. When did astronomy flourish in the Persian empire and the Islamic word? 3. Who discovered the planet Uranus? 4. What did Euler and D`Alembert make? Activity 3: 1. e 2. g 3. b 4. a 5. c 6. d 7. f Activity 4: it Î astronomy that Î names his Î Newton 2