دروس مادة اللغة الانجليزية الفصل الثالث سنة ثالثة ثانوي

Activity 2: Complete each sentence with he right nounderived from the verbs in this boxdemonstrate –amaze - secure – settle – irrigate - repent –exist - relieve1. He showed great ........................ for his bad behaviour, but she refused to forgive him.2. Do you believe in the ........................ of ghosts?3. She had a sigh of ........................ when she was told that the child’s life was not in danger.4. There was an important ........................ against the rising cost of living; thousands o people marched through the streets with banners.5. Children who lack the ........................ of parental care may turn into delinquents.6. Everybody hopes for a lasting ........................ of all these troubles in the area.7. In areas where rains are scarce, ........................ is necessary to grow crops.8. Everybody hopes for a lasting ........................ of all these troubles in the area. 9

Activity 3 Complete the gaps with nouns derived from the verbs in brackets To the people of ancient Egypt, (to live) .................. on earth was short. (to die) ......................, however, was eternal. This is why they used stone for the (to build) .................. of their tombs and they took their (possess) ...................... with them into another world. The Pharaohs were the (torule) ...................... of the countryand when they died they becamegods. Their tombs are the pyramidswhich purpose was the (to protect)...................... of the (to bury)...................... chamber from theweather and from thieves. Their (to situate) ...................... on the west bank of the River Nile was where the sun set everyday and where it began its journey into the other world, according to the Egyptians (to believe) .................... 10

D. Grammar 1- The ConditionalsType 1: Probability If + Present / Futuree.g.: If you listen to me carefully, you will understand. If you invest in that business, you will lose your money. Type 2: Hypothetical but possibleWe imagine a situation which does not exist really. If + Past / Conditional presente.g.: If the teacher spoke more slowly, we wouldunderstand. (= he doesn’t speak slowly, so we don’t understand.)Type 3: Hypothetical and impossible If + Past Perfect / Conditional perfecte.g.: If the car hadn’t broken down, we would have arrived on time. (= The car broke down, so we didn’t arrive on time.) 11

Activity 1: Match the two parts of the sentences to make coherent statements.1. If people drove their cars a. they would send us less, signals.2. If the other planets were b. we would reduce the similar to Earth, amount of acid rain.3. If power stations stopped c. pollution levels would giving off toxic gases, fall.4. If there were living d. our planet would be less creatures in space, crowded.5. If human beings went to e. they would be inhabited. live on Europa,1. .... 2. .... 3. .... 4. .... 5. .... 12

Activity 2: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense1. If we didn’t waste water, there (be) .............................. enough for everybody 2. Our health would be in danger if farmers (continue) ...................... to use pesticides in agriculture.3. If Gaia satellite is sent in space, it (enable) .............................. scientists to gather more information about our galaxy. 13

4. We wouldn’t have been able to observe such wonderful images of Mars if Mars Exploration Rovers (not be) ................ sent in July 20035. If man (not protect) .............................. forests, there will be an ecological disaster.6. If he (not take) ........................ safety measures, radiations would contaminate him. 14

7. Tourists in Death Valley will break the salty surface if they (not walk) .............................. carefully. 8. If they hadn’t discovered oil in this area, they (not build) .............................. a derrick there. 15

Activity 3: Rewrite these sentences using “if”Remember! ♦ When the verbs are in the present or future tenses, we use type 2 in the transformation. ♦ When the verbs are in the past, we use type 3.The verb that is affirmative becomes negative, and the verbthat is negative becomes affirmative. e.g.: I don’t speak English, so I don’t understand them. If I spoke English, I would understand them.e.g.: He didn’t get up early, so he missed his train to London. If he had got up earlier, he wouldn’t have missed his train to London. 16

1. a) He made a professional mistake, so they fired him. b) If he ............................. ..................................... .....................................2. a) Factories release toxic gases, that’s why air is polluted. b) If ................................. ..................................... ..................................... 3. a) The polar ice-caps melt, so the sea-level rises in many places. b) If ............................... .................................. .................................. 4. a) They invented powerful telescopes; as a result they were able to make new discoveries. b) If .......................................... .......................................... .......................................... 17

5. a) Some people live in remote places, so there is an airambulance service for the sick. b) If .................................... .......................................2- Expressing possibilityWe use MAY or MIGHT + infinitive (without to) to express the possibility that something will happen.e.g.: Some species may live on other planets. There might be microbes under the surface of Mars. 18

Activity 4 Complete each sentence using may or might ant the appropriate verbcome – win – happen – demonstrate – send – run – elect –flood – discover - become1. That job seems interesting; I ....................... my application tomorrow.2. Some islands ....................... disappear from the surface of our planet.3. Clint Eastwood .......................an Oscar as a director for his last film.4. She ...................... a teacher; she likes working with kids.5. Citizens ....................... against the rise in the bread price.6. We ....................... out of petrol; the road is too long.7. from her accent, she ....................... from South America.8.They ....................... him to the Academy.9. Astronomers ....................... new planets and galaxies.10. More disasters....................... in the future because of pollution. 19

E. Writing Activity 1 Fill in each gap with the correct word chosen from the boxtrue-type - the - sending- one - pollution- were - most - built The first astronomical telescope was invented in 1609by Galileo. In 1668, Sir Isaac Newton invented a new ..........of telescope which used mirrors. In the 1950’s, radio telescopes ................... widely used. The largest ................... which was completed in 1963 is the Arecibo dish in Puerto Rico. The biggest and................... powerfulreflector telescope isthe Keck ...................on the top of MaunaKea in Hawaii. 20

Even telescopes on ............. top of mountains are influenced by the atmosphere and ................... of the Earth. In 1990 a dream came .......... as the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was launched. It is orbiting the Earth and ............... back images from space. Activity 2 In 1974 the Arecibo telescope sent out amessage to any living creatures in space. It described ourplanet and civilization. What do you think the message said?..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21

Sequence IV : PlutoA. Reading ComprehensionB. Pronunciation / SpellingC. Word-BuildingD. GrammarE. Writing 1

A. Reading Comprehension Read this text then do the activities PLUTO Pluto was discovered by an American Clyde W. Tombaugh in 1930; it remains the only planet that has not been visited by a spacecraft. Pluto is usually farther from the Sun than any otherplanets; however, due to the eccentricity of its orbit, it iscloser than Neptune for 20 years out of its 249 year orbit. Ithas an orbital inclination of 17° C. Pluto’s rotation period is 6.387 days, the same as its satellite Charon. Although it is common for a satellite to travel in a synchronous orbit with its planet, Pluto is the 2

only planet to rotate synchronously with the orbit of itssatellite. Thus, Pluto and Charon continuously face eachother as they travel through space. Thanks to the Hubble SpaceTelescope, more recent images ofPluto and its satellite Charon havebeen provided. The improvedoptics allow us to measure Pluto’sdiameter as 2,274 kilometers andCharon`s diameter as 1,172 km.Pluto’s density lies between 1.8 and 2.1 grams per cubiccentimeter. It is concluded that Pluto is 50% to 75% rockmixed with ices. Its temperatures can reach -230° C. However, the 26th General Assembly for the International Astronomical Union (IAU) which was held in 2006 took some resolutions, among them the definition of a planet. A new distinct class of objects called“dwarf planets” was also decided. According to thatdefinition, Pluto is a “dwarf planet” like Ceres and 2003 UB313 (temporary name) and is recognized as the prototype ofa new category of trans- Neptunian objects. More “dwarfplanets” are expected to be announced by the IAU.Activity 1 : Choose the best answer (a or b)1. Pluto is a). nearer to the Sun than Neptune. b). as close to the sun as Neptune.2. Pluto and Charon a). have an identical rotation period. 3

b). don’t rotate with their orbit.3. The Hubble Space Telescope has made it possible to a). measure Pluto’s density b). calculate Pluto’s diameter.4. Dwarf planets are a). Trans - Neptunian objects. b). objects that have been recently discovered in space.5. Pluto was declared a Trans - Neptunian object a). in 1930. b). in 2006.6. 2003 UB 313 is the name of a). an astronomical organization. b). a dwarf planet.Activity 2 Answer these questions1. What makes Pluto closer to the Sun than Neptune?...............................................................................................2. What has the Hubble Space Telescope enabled experts to do?...............................................................................................3. List 2 resolutions adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 2006................................................................................................. 4

Activity 3 Match the words in A with their definitions in B A B1. remain a. extend; be situated2. synchronous b. person, animal, thing much below the3. provide usual size.4. lie c. have, observe, conduct d. continue to be; continue in the same5. hold6. dwarf place or condition. e. that happens at the same time. f. give; supply what is needed.1. .... 2. .... 3. .... 4. .... 5. .... 6. ....Activity 4 Complete each sentence with a word from activity 3 1. The Scots ....................... a festival of music at Edinburgh each year.2. the Mitidja plains ..................... between Algiers and Blida. 5

3. After the fire, very little .......................ed of the building. 4. It is the parents' role to ....................... their children with food and clothes(a good education?).5. A bonsai is a ....................... tree that is grown in a pot and prevented from reaching its normal size. 6

6. The sound track of a film must be ............... with the scenes.B. Pronunciation / Spelling Writing and Saying Numbersa)- Numbers over 20 are written with a hyphen e.g.: 35 Î thirty- fiveb)- Numbers over 100 e.g.: 429 Î four hundred and twenty ninec)- Numbers over 1000 e.g.: 1,100 Î one thousand one hundred 2,500 Î two thousand five hundred. A comma is often used to divide large numbers into groups of 3 figures. 33,423Îthirty three thousand four hundred and twenty three.d)- Decimalse.g.: 79.3 Î seventy-nine point three 3.142 Î three point one four two 0.67 Î zero point six seven / nought point six seven 7

e)- The figure “0” has several names. Zero: used in precise scientific, medical and economic contexts and to talk about temperatures. e.g.: It was ten degrees below zero last night. nought: used to talk about a number, age. e.g.: A million is written with six noughts.Activity 1 Write these figures in letters19: ...................................................................................142: ...................................................................................67: ...................................................................................359: ...................................................................................24,998: ...............................................................................2.54: ...................................................................................4,534: .................................................................................34.15: .................................................................................632: ................................................................................... 8

Activity 2 Write the corresponding figures1. two thousand nine hundred and seventy- three .................2. two point six three eight ..................3. nine point zero five two ..................4. eight hundred and eleven ..................5. three thousand six hundred ..................6. one point seven six ..................7. nought point four one ..................C. Word-Building - We can form nouns from adjectives e.g.: accurate Î accuracy arrogant Î arroganceActivity 1 Form nouns from these adjectives and classify them in the table below.defiant – casual – rational – honest – relevant – wide – sad –eccentric – long – material – deep – dark – royal - rude 9

-ism -ance -ness -ty -th................. ............... ............... ............. .............................. ............... ............... ............... ............. ............. ............... ............... ...............Activity 2 Complete each sentence with a noun formed from one of these adjectives.1. When he settled in Canada, he suffered from .................. for months before he could make friends.2. A lot of species are threatened by.................. , so man has to protect them.3. The plane turned back to the airport because of poor ..................4. Injustice engenders hate and ..................5. When I entered the room, I didn’t see them as there was complete ..................6. She showed some .................. to join us on the trip but finally we managed to persuade her to take some rest. 10

7. He is always in debt because of his .................. for months before he could make friends.8. There is a .................. to build an airport on the island so that planes could fly there.D.Grammar1. Reading speed and temperature Earth is 12,756 km in diameter. Light travels at 299,792 km per second (kps) The normal temperature of the human body is 37° C. ( thirty-seven degrees Celcius )♦ Asking questions with How + adjective - We use how far for distances. e.g.: How far is Earth from the Sun? Earth is 150,000,000 km far from the Sun. - We use how big for sizes. e.g.: How big is Earth? Earth is 12,756 km in diameter. - We use fast for speed. e.g.: How fast does Pluto rotate round the Sun ? Pluto rotates at a speed of 4.74 km/sec - We use how hot / how cold for temperatures. e.g.: How hot was Djanet yesterday ? It was 38° C. How cold was Berlin on January 12th? It was – 15° C. 11

- We use how deep for depth. e.g.: How deep is that swimming pool? It is 3m. deep.- We use how high / how tall for height. e.g.: How tall are you? I am 1.72 m tall. How high is that building? It is 20 m high.- We use how long for length or a period of time. e.g.: How long is the Nile? It is 6,700 km. long. How long have you stayed in London? for two years.Activity 1 Ask questions 1. a) ................................ Earth from the Sun? b) It is 150 million km. 12

2. a) ................... El Azzizia in Lybia in 1922? b) It was 58° C.3. a) ............................... MaunaKea in Hawaii? b) This mountain is 4,200 m. 4. a) ..................................... Arecibo Telescope? b) This telescope is 304.8 meters in diameter.5. a) ..................................... has the Hubble Space Telescope been orbiting the Earth ? b) It was launched in 1990, so it has been orbiting our planet for 17 years now. 13

6. a) ............................. the Pacific Ocean? b) It’s 180 million sq. km. 7. a) And ..............................? b) It is 11 km deep in some places.2. Connectorsa)- To express contrast, we can use: ♦while / wherease.g.: Jupiter has 63 satellites while/whereas Uranus has 27. ♦Unlike e.g.: Unlike Ptolomy who believed the Earth was at the centre of the universe, Copernicus said that the Earth and the other planets orbited around the Sun.b)- To express similarity, we can use: ♦likee.g.: Neptune, like Saturn and Jupiter, is known as the Jovian planets. = Like Neptune, Saturn and Jupiter are known as the Jovian planets. 14

Activity 2 Complete with while (= whereas), unlike or like: 1. ..................... Pluto, Mercury is a small planet. 2.One day is 24 hours on Earth ..................... a day on Venus is 243 Earth days. 3. ..................... Pluto, Mercury is the nearest planet to the sun. 4. Earth is inhabited ................... the other planets are not. 5. Arecibo is a radio telescope ..................... the Keck which is a reflector telescope. 6. In 2006, Pluto was declared to be a “dwarf planet” ......................... the eight others in the solar system.E. WritingActivity 1 Write a summary of the reading passage.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15

Activity 2 Reorder these sentences to get a coherent paragraph: a)-During that same period the first Observatory, the Tower of Seville, was constructed by the Arabs under the supervision of Jabir Ibn Afiah in 1190 AD. b)- The Muslims have thus made the greatest contributions to astronomical knowledge during medieval times. c)- The outstanding Spanish astronomers were Majriti of Cordoba, Al Zarqali of Toledo, Ibn Afiah of Seville and Al Bitruji. d)- During the 10th and 11th centuries astronomical studies were especially favoured in Spain. e)- This latter was considered the exponent of a new astronomy marking the culmination of the anti- Ptolomaic movement. 1. .... 2. .... 3. .... 4. .... 5. .... 16

FINAL PROJECTProduce identity cards (ID) of various planets. Choose two or three planets ( Name them ) Complete a grid with the following information. - date of discovery? - who discovered it? - mass? - diameter? - rotational period round the sun? - orbital velocity? - atmospheric composition? (gases?) - number of moons / satellites ? 1

PROJECT 6 My Bag is Full of Feelings, Emotions and humourA. Reading ComprehensionB. Pronunciation / SpellingC. Word-BuildingD. GrammarE. Writing 1

Sequence I Feelings Everyone feels happiness, surprise, fear, sadness,disgust and anger at some time - these are the six basicemotions. There are over 600 words in English to describethem and we use 42 muscles in our faces to express them.Activity : Look at the faces below ( from left to right ) : - Which one is happy ,surprised, fearful, sad, disgusted or angry?a. .................... b..................... c. ....................d. .................... e. .................... f. ...................... 2

A. Reading Comprehension Read the definitions of the word ‘‘feeling”feeling n: (vb feel /fil/ felt felt)1. emotion: to experience a particular feeling or emotion/to be easily affected I can’t believe it. I feel so happy. 2. physical: to have a specific physical feeling. I feel cold. I feel thirsty today.3. opinion: to have an opinion based on your feelings rather than on facts.- How do you feel about the lecture? ( = what do you think of the lecture?) 4. touch: to touch something with your fingers to find out about it. - I feel something soft and circular5. notice: to notice something physical that is happening to you. - I feel something on my nose. Is that a bee? 3

Read the text below and do the follow-up activities Guidelines For Expressing feelings When expressing anger or irritation, firstdescribe the specific behaviour you don’t like, then yourfeelings. This helps to prevent the other person frombecoming immediately defensive or intimidated .• Clarify for you and the other person precisely what you feel.• Try to be specific rather than general about how you feel. If you have mixed feelings, say so, and explainwhat each feeling is about.For example:\"I have mixed feelingsabout what you justdid. I am glad andthankful that youhelped me, but I didn’tlike the comment aboutbeing stupid. It wasdisrespectful andunnecessary and Ifound it irritating\". 4

Techniques for Expressing Feelings- “I feel statement” and “I have a message” techniqueswill help you express difficult feelings in a productive andrespectful manner. The method you will use for expressingyour feelings depends on your goal and the situation.1. I feel statement technique is used in situations that are clear and fairly simple. - It takes the form of: \"When you did that thing I felt this way.e.g.: “ I felt embarrassed when you mentioned our financial problems.\" 5

2. I have a message technique is used in complex situationsto clarify for the other person what you are feeling when a) you have difficult negative feelings, b) you want someone to change his / her behaviour, c) it is very important that the other person accurately understands. It is usually divided in four parts :1. When: Describe the person’s behaviour you are reacting to in an objective manner.2. The effects: Describe the effects of that behaviour (to make the other person understand your reaction.)3. I feel: Say how you feel.4. I’d prefer: Tell him/her what you prefer he/she does.e.g.:Manager toemployee :\"When you take company time for your personal affairs and then don’t have time to finish the urgent work I give you, I get furious. I want you to finish the company’s work before you work on your personal affairs.\" 6

Activity 1: Say if the statements below are true (T) or false (F)a). Expressing your feelings clearly is important. ……b). Not expressing a feeling at all is better. ……c). Sending a disguised message is preferable. ……d). To express only negative feelings is recommended. ……e). Being calm when confronting someone is essential. ……f). Explaining the reason you didn’t like someone’s…… comportment helps to clarify the situation.Activity 2: Find in the text the words that correspond to the definitions below1. To use words or actions in order to let people know what you are thinking or feeling: ..…………….2. Difficult: ..……………..3. In a way that is exact and correct. : ..……………..4. To try to make someone admit ..…………….. s/he has done something wrong. : 7

Activity 3: Divide the manager’s statement in four parts as it is shown in the “I have a message technique”:Manager to employee: \"When you take company time foryour personal affairs and then don’t have time to finish theurgent work I give you, I get furious. I want you to finishthe company’s work before you work on your personalaffairs.\"1. When: .................................................. .....................................................2.The effects are: ...................................................... .....................................................3. I feel : ..................................................... .....................................................4. I’d prefer: ..................................................... ..................................................... 8

Activity 4: Read the following statements. Are they examples of I feel statements technique or I have a message method? Write the letter (a, b, c, d, e, g, or h) at the end of the activity. a).“I lose my concentration when you come in to ask a question, and I don’t like it. Please don’t interrupt me when I am working unless it is urgent.\"b).\"I like it when you help with the dishes without being asked.\" 9

d). \"I feel hurt and I am disappointed that you forgot my birthday\".c). \"It is very hard for meto keep the house neat andclean when you leave yourclothes and other stuff allaround. It creates a lotmore work for me , and Iget resentful about it. I’dprefer that clothes awayand put your trash in thebasket.\" e).\"I resent it when TV keeps you from having time for your homework because it means you have to stay up late to finish it.\" 10

f). I feel relieved to hear that he is sound and safe.g). This is very good. I’m proud of you Lisa.h). When you are late, you make everyone late and I get furious because it means more work for me. I want you to be here on time.- I feel statements method : ........ ......... ........- I have a message method: ........ ......... ........ 11

B. PronunciationIt can be difficult to hear small words in a sentence such as- prepositions (for. of, to) and- auxiliaries (do, does, are)because they are usually unstressed.Activity 1: Read the following aloud and then write them.1. haudju'fi:l, 'hæpi sæd ɔ: taiəd?1. ............................................ 2. hi iz praudəv hiz ri'zʌlts. 2. ....................................... 12

3. 'laif iz meidəv ɔ:l kainds əv tests. ......................................................Activity 2 a)- Read aloud the phonetic transcriptions and then write the corresponding noun. b)- Write the corresponding function and nounPhonetic function Word Noun .......................transcriptionik'sprʒs ........... .......................kə 'mplʒks ........... ....................... .......................æ'kjəritli adverb ....................... accuracykən'frʌt ........... confront ....................... 13

C. Word Building:-Noun formationIf you are having trouble coming up with more than 3 or 4words for feelings, here is a Feelings Word List There are positive feelings (the ones we may have when our needs are being met) and negative feelings ( the ones we may have when our needs are not being met. )Activity 1: Write (P) for words with a positive meaning and (N) for ones which have a negative meaning.1. heartbroken ..... 12. friendly ..... 23. furious ..... 24. secure .....2. eager ..... 13. scared ..... 25. indignant ..... 26 wretched .....3. nostalgic ..... 14. safe ..... 27.calm.. ..... 28. relaxed .....4. indifferent ..... 15. lost ..... 29. delighted ..... 30. envious .....5. apprehensive .... 16. glad ..... 31. jealous ..... 32. exhausted .....6. perplexed ..... 17.anxious ..... 33. worn out .....7. interested ..... 18. irritable .....8. enthusiastic ..... 19. stressed .....9. touched ..... 20. miserable .....10. expectant ..... 21. thankful .....11. optimistic ..... 22. warm ..... 14

Activity 2: Write the appropriate word under each heading as in the exampleAFFECTIONATE AFRAID................................. .................................................................. .................................CONFIDENT ANGRY................................. .................................- secure .................................CURIOUS CONFUSED................................. lost................................. ................................. TIREDEXCITED - exhausted ................................................................. HURT................................. ................................. .................................GRATEFUL SAD.................................................................. ................................. .................................HOPEFUL. TENSE-expectant.................................. .................................HAPPY ................................................................................................... YEARNINGPEACEFUL - envious - nostalgic................................................................ 15

Activity 3: Match the adjectives with the correct meaning. -People who are / feel:e.g.: anxious n a. like remembering past events.1. compassionate 1. ... 2. ... b. are worried and nervous about2. irritable 3. ... something they’re going to do.3. pleased4. curious c. hope that something good will5. scared happen.6. proud7. remorseful d. are very unhappy.8. relieved9. miserable 4. ... e. sick and nauseous.10. nostalgic 5. ... f. are very sad because someone11. enthusiastic something has disappointed then.12. apprehensive13. expectant 6. ... g. are easily angry .14. heartbroken 7. ... 8. ... h. show a lot of excitement aboute.g.: queasy 9. ... something. 10. ... i. feel frightened. 11. ... j. are pleased with their achievements. k. feel happy because something did not happen or is finished. l. want to know about something 12. ... m. feel happy or satisfied 13. ... n. are feeling very worried. 14. ... o. sorry because they did something bad. e p. feel sympathy for others. 16

Activity 4: Complete the table below with the right word Adjectives Nouns1. anxious 1. …………………2. compassionate 2. ………………….3. irritable 3. …………………4. pleased 4. …………………5. curious 5. ………………….6. scared 6. ………………….7. proud 7. …………………..8. remorseful 8. …………………….9. relieved 9. ……………………10. miserable 10. …………………..11. nostalgic 11. …………………..12. enthusiastic 12. ……………………13. apprehensive 13. ……………………14. expectant 14. …………………..15. heartbroken 15. …………………..16. queasy 16. queasiness. 17

Activity 5: Complete the sentences with the correct words from activity4: 1. Listening to old Beatles records always makes me feel ............. and wish I was still living in the 60`s.2. Mark felt .......... before the interview. It was very important for him to get the job. 3. They have installed an alarm system in their house as they are ........ of being burgled.4. When his dog died the old man was ................. It had been his faithful companion for over sixteen years. 18

5. She always feels ...................... before an exam.6. The coach said he was .................... with the players’ performance. 7. A chain of solidarity was created by citizens who feel …………… for the people hit by the earthquake .8. When the verdict was passed on, the singer Eminem was ..................... to hear he was acquitted. 19

9. I feel ................... for not asking her to come with us.10. An .................... crowdcheered when the playerscored a goal. 11. Children are naturally .................. about the world around them.12. ....................students are waiting for theresults of thefinal exam. 20