FOOD & AGRICULTURAL OVERVIEW 2022

Eggplant 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states In 2020, 1,700 hectares were sown from which 112,000 tonnes were (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) obtained. This represented a 39.4% (tonnes) 2019-2020 drop in production compared to the previous year. This was the AVERAGE National total 112,195 -39.4 result of a smaller area sown and 101,974 -41.0 lower yields. However, the trend in 139 1 Sinaloa Northwest -32.2 production over the last 10 years Northwest 3,542 39.2 has been positive, registering an 2 Nayarit Northwest 2,332 20.8 average annual growth rate of Center-West 2,265 -25.6 32.1%. 3 Sonora South-Southeast 735 Annual per capita 4 San Luis Potosí consumption 5 Yucatan 6 Michoacán Center-West 708 -66.3 7 Quintana Roo South-Southeast 259 NA 122 123 159 172 185 180 185 112 8 Baja California Sur Northwest 135 -62.4 138 9 9 Morelos Center 115 46.9 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 10 Puebla Center 98 NA Remainder 32 NA Percentage of the production value by state Sonora 2.1 Sinaloa contributed 90.9% of the production and obtained revenues of MXN 1.111 billion. This figure represented 93.1% of the national production value. Sinaloa San Luis 93.1 Potosí 1.9 261 g Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of vegetables Surface Volume Value Yield Average 0.7% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 112 1,192 66.7 / tonne 2 0.03 2 10,627 Variations (%) Annual -26.7 NA -27.9 -39.4 -25.2 -16.0 23.5 2019-2020 AAGR 5.3 -31.1 21.4 32.1 42.6 8.8 7.9 2011-2020 Increase Decrease Does not apply National monthly production (%) The best season for its consumption is during the first half of the year, since it is the period of greatest availability and, therefore, when the best prices and quality are found. January February March April May June July August September October November December 14.6 21.3 10.1 18.3 15.7 6.7 1.4 2.9 0.2 0.2 0.4 8.2 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 50

World Ranking Eggplant 11th México The yields generated in the sown surface world exceeded those of the leading producer nation. producer With a volume of 35.555 million tonnes per year, 112,195 China dominates the world production of this f ruit. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade The export vocation of our country was not affected by the incidence of lower eggplant harvests during 2020. Exports reached 78,815 tonnes, surpassing those of the previous year by 1,309 tonnes. Commercial origin-destination Eggplant consumption is higher in nations with a high per-capita income. Our Solanum melongena L. country exports this vegetable to 9 nations, among which the United States stands out. Description It is a herbaceous plant with stems that have lignified tissues giving it a shrubby Main buyer Supplier • Turkey 39,033,054* • Peru appearance. The leaves are whole and large, with spiny nerves and undersides • United States (Mexican imports) covered with grayish hairs. They emerge from alternate long petioles that * USD • United States connect them to the stem. Aubergine and “love apple” are alternate names for • Italy this fruit. • China Product Buyers Importers and Exporters It’s fruit is elongated, balloon-like, black or purple, and carries (Mexican exports) • United States numerous brown seeds. It can measure between 15 and 25 • Italy cm, with a weight of 160 to 500 grams. Considered the • United • Switzerland most exotic tropical fruit by some, its appearance, Kingdom • Luxembourg color, texture and flavor have made easily • Germany • Cuba recognizable—both visually and flavor- • Canada • Italy wise. • Netherlands The United States, Germany and France are the main importers. This is because, between them, they acquire 180,000 tonnes annually. The main supplier to the US market is Mexico, while Germany and France buy mainly from Spain. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 41.1 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 7.1 35.9 Volume 0.0 78,815 78,808 -62.0 1.7 31.3 tonnes 25.5 Value 41.1 41.1 31.3 14.7 million USD 24.2 21.3 Increase Decrease 19.3 19.9 16.6 12.5 0.050 0.015 0.054 0.354 0.015 0.070 0.024 0.031 0.014 0.019 Benefits Eggplants contain substances that can 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 hold cholesterol in the intestines and expel it from the body so that it is not Imports Exports absorbed. Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) 51 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 6.0 4.8 6.5 9.3 0.4 6.2 12.4 12.0 9.9 21.7 1.1 9.7 14.0 13.5 15.0 9.8 8.4 4.8 2.0 1.4 1.4 3.0 11.4 15.3

Broccoli 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states Over the past 10 years, the average annual growth rate of broccoli (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) production was 5.6%. Despite (tonnes) 2019-2020 this, broccoli production reached AVERAGE 584,000 tonnes in 2020, which 491 National total 583,646 -5.0 meant a decrease of 5% compared to the previous year. This was a 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 1 Guanajuato Center-West 409,837 -2.1 result of having sown a smaller area 45,343 2.2 and obtaining lower yields. 2 Puebla Center 23,293 -4.5 20,623 -22.8 Annual per capita 3 Jalisco Center-West 17,499 0.5 consumption 16,346 10.2 4 Sonora Northwest 13,573 34.7 11,737 -46.7 5 Tlaxcala Center 6 Aguascalientes Center-West 7 Baja California Northwest 357 8 Michoacán Center-West 335 416 9 Querétaro Center-West 9,160 -24.9 446 449 507 575 632 614 584 10 Zacatecas Northeast 5,191 -54.3 Remainder 11,045 -11.6 Baja California Percentage of the production value by state 6.5 Sonora 5.8 In 2020, Guanajuato increased the value of its production by 4.1% compared to the previous year, which represented an increase of MXN 106 million. The price per tonne for this vegetable was MXN 6,608. 1.0 kg Guanajuato 70.2 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of vegetables Surface Volume Value Yield Average 3.6% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 584 3,860 17.2 / tonne 34 0.01 34 6,613 Variations (%) Annual -1.6 NA -1.6 -5.0 4.0 -3.5 9.5 2019-2020 AAGR 3.1 -37.2 3.3 5.6 10.4 2.3 4.5 2011-2020 Increase Decrease Does not apply National monthly production (%) In Mexico, broccoli is available all year round. However, the highest volume is obtained in March and April, which see about a quarter of the total annual production. January February March April May June July August September October November December 2.9 7.0 11.9 14.5 9.3 5.6 4.6 10.2 11.4 9.7 7.8 5.1 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 52

World Ranking Broccoli 4th México Worldwide, Mexico ranks among the most world important producers of this plant of the producer brassicagenus. 583,646 China, the leader in the cultivation of this vegetable, has the capacity to generate more tonnes than 10.6 million tonnes per year. 2020 Foreign trade The Mexican countryside presents ideal conditions for this crop, which is reflected in the amount of sales generated by its export. The production record was beaten once again in 2020: 459,400 tonnes. Commercial origin-destination The geographical proximity between the consumption centers in the United Brassica oleracea alboglabra L. States and the production areas of the Bajío region in Mexico mean that most of the production is destined to that market; reaching 451,662 tonnes in 2020. Description It is an annual vegetable. The plant grows straight with a height of 60 to 90 cm, ending in a mass of green flowers which can reach a diameter of up to 35 cm. It Main buyer Supplier has branched, deep roots. The flowers are yellow and have four cross-shaped petals. 544,983,417* (Mexican imports) • United States • United States • Ecuador Product * USD • Guatemala • China The fruit is greyish green, measuring between three and four • Spain centimeters, with a defined flavor and soft texture. The seeds are Buyers shaped like ball bearings and measure 2 to 3 mm in diameter. (Mexican exports) Importers and Exporters • United States • Canada • Honduras The US market stands • Japan • United out for its purchases of • Taiwan Arab frozen broccoli. Each year, • Singapore Emirates this country demands about • Belice • Netherlands 265,000 tonnes of this frozen • Panama • Puerto Rico vegetable, of which Mexico supplies 73.1%. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 554 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 506 7,546 6.3 440 Volume tonnes 406 408 459,400 451,854 -0.3 4.5 Value 390 million USD 368 554 548 -6.9 9.6 352 333 Increase Decrease 267 3.4 3.9 3.6 4.2 3.1 5.4 6.3 9.6 6.8 6.3 Benefits The sulfur and histidine contained in 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 broccoli inhibit the growth of tumors, cleanse the body of toxins contained in Imports Exports chemical additives which are harmful to the digestive system and increase Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) the body's cancer-fighting compounds. Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 53 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 2.3 3.6 2.7 6.1 12.7 7.4 13.5 18.1 15.7 11.9 3.7 2.3 10.1 10.7 10.0 7.1 6.0 9.3 4.9 4.6 6.7 7.4 9.6 13.6

Cacao 2011-2020 National production Production volume by state volume Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) (thousand tonnes) (tonnes) 2019-2020 National total AVERAGE 29,429 3.4 27 18,858 3.1 1 Tabasco South-Southeast 10,282 4.2 2 Chiapas South-Southeast 1.5 3 Guerrero Center 289 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 202021 28 28 Percentage of the production value by state Variations (%) 27 In the last 10 years, the average 28 In 2020, Tabasco harvested 18,858 production volume has been 27 tonnes of cacao, which meant 27,000 tonnes, registering an 27 an increase of 3.1% compared to average annual growth rate 28 2019. Its production generated of 3.6%. In 2020, the obtained 28 revenues of MXN 826 million, which volume reached 29,000 tonnes, 29 represented 69.3% of the total which meant 3.4% more than the national production value. previous year. Annual per capita consumption Tabasco 69.3 531 g Guerrero Chiapas 0.2 30.5 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of agro- Surface Volume Value Yield Average industrials Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare 0.05% tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 29 1,192 0.5 / tonne 60 NA 59 40,503 Annual 0.1 NA 0.1 3.4 8.9 3.3 5.3 2019-2020 0.1 AAGR -0.2 NA -0.4 3.6 3.7 4.0 Does not apply 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) Although it is available for most of the year, the highest volumes are achieved from November to February, with around 55% of the national production. January February March April May June July August September October November December 14.8 17.9 6.5 5.6 4.1 7.1 6.2 8.1 0.0 7.9 12.0 9.8 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 54

World Ranking Cacao 13th México The yields obtained are similar to the average of world the leading producer nations. producer For the sixth consecutive year, Côte d'Ivoire 29,429 maintains its leadership as the main producer of this pod. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade Mexico is the world's 11th largest exporter of chocolate, a market in which it competes with countries with a long tradition in international production and sales such as Germany, Belgium and Italy. Cacao beans and paste are inputs that the national chocolate industry acquires from other nations. This is why significant amounts are imported. Commercial origin-destination Theobroma cacao L. During 2020, imports came from eight countries, with Ecuador being the main supplier. However, its sales quota was significantly reduced to 17,000 tonnes. On Description the other hand, the volume acquired from Colombia – which positioned itself as It is a plant with an average height of 6 to 8 meters, with lustrous leaves of up to 30 the second largesr supplier – reached a figure of 9,000 tonnes. cm in length and small pink flowers that sprout along the trunk and the oldest branches. Only about thirty of the approximately 6,000 flowers that open during the year become seeds; the root system is pivotal, with a taproot that grows Main buyer Supplier down vertically. 352,898* (Mexican imports) • Peru The Netherlands, Product • Switzerland • Cameroon Germany, France and Cacao seeds are found in a berry-shaped cob, 30 cm long and 10 cm • Ecuador • Belgium * USD • Colombia in diameter. • Ivory Coast Bitter in taste and purple or whitish in color, they look like Buyers • Dominican • Malaysia the United Kingdom almonds. Cocoa is the main input for the production of Republic are the largest importers chocolate. (Mexican exports) in the world. In 2020, the four nations bought more • United • United Importers and Exporters than 1.5 million tonnes from States Kingdom abroad. • France • New • Colombia • Belgium Zealand • Belgium • Japan • Guatemala • Vietnam • Poland • Netherlands Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 114.8 115.4 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 38,747 100.1 Volume tonnes 100 92.5 255 -38,492 -19.5 84.1 Value 88.9 88.3 million USD 72.4 1.2 -99 -13.3 61.5 Increase Decrease 56.5 0.010 1.1 0.230 0.911 4.3 0.873 0.492 0.873 2.8 2.0 0.747 1.2 Benefits Due to its high potassium content, 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 cacao has the potential to combat hypertension. Imports Exports 55 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 10.0 9.8 7.5 11.3 7.0 11.8 10.9 10.2 10.6 4.1 1.8 5.0 3.8 0.1 20.7 2.5 32.0 14.2 7.0 0.7 7.8 2.9 5.7 2.6

Coffee cherry 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) (tonnes) 2019-2020 AVERAGE 1,045 National total 953,683 5.9 1 Chiapas South-Southeast 377,255 2.6 234,583 7.8 2 Veracruz South-Southeast 9.3 159,615 13.0 3 Puebla Center 85,681 -1.1 38,024 7.5 4 Oaxaca South-Southeast 31,423 38.3 8,976 -7.1 5 Guerrero Center 8,864 -0.8 4,753 1.7 6 Hidalgo Center 7.8 3,372 1,288 7 Nayarit Northwest 1,137 1,337 1,258 8 San Luis Potosí Center-West 1,166 1,026 9 Jalisco Center-West 824 835 860 900 954 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 10 Colima Center-West Remainder The cultivation of this product had Percentage of the production value by state phytosanitary and pricing troubles during the 2016-2018 period. In 2020, Chiapas increased the However, in the last two years, the value of its production by 5.7%, market recovered. In 2020, 954,000 obtaining MXN 98 million more tonnes were harvested, which for the sale of 377,255 tonnes. The represented 5.9% more than the volume produced by this state previous year. represented 39.6% of the total national production. Annual per capita consumption of Veracruz green coffee 25.9 754 g Chiapas 35.5 Puebla 18.1 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of agro- Surface Volume Value Yield Average industrials Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare 1.6% tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 954 5,136 1.5 / tonne 710 NA 636 5,385 Variations (%) Annual 0.0 NA 1.1 5.9 8.7 4.8 2.6 2019-2020 -2.4 0.2 AAGR -0.8 NA -0.9 -3.3 -3.1 Decrease Does not apply 2011-2020 Increase National monthly production (%) The greatest availability of this seed comes from December to March. This is because this is the period when the plants are ripe for harvest. January February March April May June July August September October November December 23.2 23.9 12.8 6.1 3.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 8.9 18.7 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 56

World Ranking Coffee cherry 13th México The global sown area reached 11.1 million world hectares, of which 5.7% were located in Mexican producer territory. 953,683 Brazilian coffee plantations obtain 30 out of every 100 tonnes harvested in the world. tonnes 2020 Green coffee foreign trade Coffea arabica L. Recent efforts to recover the production levels recorded at the beginning of the Description previous decade have managed to reverse the unfavorable trend and with it, the It is a genus of trees of the Rubiaceae family and its seeds, as well as the drink that is possibility of maintaining and increasing the export of green coffee. In 2020, the export volumes rebounded to reach 107,782 tonnes. made from them, is what we call “coffee”. There are more than 30 species, but two stand out: Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora. The bush is between four and six Commercial origin-destination meters high at maturity. It has oval, lustrous, green leaves, which remain for between three and five years. ts flowers are white, fragrant and remain open for a few days. During 2020, from the proceeds obtained from national exports, 48.6% came The fruit develops six or seven months after the flower appears, changing its color from the United States, 12.1% from Germany and 9.9% from Belgium. Regarding imports, the most significant expenditures were made with Brazil and Uganda from light green to red. with USD 27.8 and 3.7 million, respectively. Main buyer Supplier Product 179,103,635* The fruit is called cherry or berry and is covered with a very thin husk • United States (Mexican imports) called the pericarp. Coffee seeds contain a complex mixture of * USD • Brazil • Guatemala chemical components. • Uganda • Peru Buyers • Colombia • Honduras With individual • Vietnam • Indonesia purchases exceeding one (Mexican exports) • Nicaragua • Costa Rica million tonnes, the United States and Germany led the • Germany • United Importers and Exporters purchases of this product in • Belgium Kingdom 2020. • France • Japan • Brazil • Switzerland • Canada • Australia • United • Peru • Italy • Netherlands Kingdom • Costa Rica • Cuba • Colombia • Kenya • Spain Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 1,205 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports Volume 25,042 107,782 82,740 -32.0 13.1 tonnes 41.0 369 328 -39.6 23.8 Value million USD Increase Decrease 584 500 389 394 383 369 351 298 298 100 97.8 116.9 Benefits 1.6 8.8 33.4 57.0 36.9 67.9 41 In Japan, people rub their entire bodies with coffee grounds to remove dead 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 skin cells and stimulate circulation. Imports Exports Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 12.9 8.2 5.9 7.0 3.5 5.2 13.7 11.2 7.3 5.7 11.3 8.1 5.0 5.6 10.8 15.2 13.7 13.0 10.6 7.6 4.7 4.2 4.0 5.6 57 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview

Zucchini 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states In the last decade, this vegetable observed a positive trend by (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) registering an average annual (tonnes) 2019-2020 growth rate of 4.8%. However, AVERAGE in 2020, 590,000 tonnes were 541 National total 589,802 -14.5 produced, a figure 14.5% lower than that of 2019. This was the result 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 1 Sonora Northwest 184,236 -7.0 of smaller sown areas and lower 2 Sinaloa Northwest 78,215 -21.5 yields. 3 Puebla Center 70,150 -6.4 Annual per capita consumption 4 Hidalgo Center 32,848 -26.5 5 Michoacán Center-West 30,419 -32.7 6 Zacatecas Northeast 26,855 18.8 7 Jalisco Center-West 24,969 -9.7 387 8 Morelos Center 19,297 -12.5 437 399 9 Guanajuato Center-West 14,493 -11.4 441 546 642 636 644 690 590 10 México Center 13,637 -16.0 Remainder 94,684 -22.8 Percentage of the production value by state Sonora 35.7 Sonora contributed 35.7% of the total national production value. During 2020, this state reached an average sale price per tonne of MXN 6,554. Sinaloa Puebla 14.6 10.5 1.6 kg Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of vegetables Surface Volume Value Yield Average 3.7% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 590 3,386 23.1 / tonne 26 0.3 26 5,740 Variations (%) Annual -4.1 91.6 -4.7 -14.5 -16.7 -10.3 -2.5 2019-2020 AAGR -1.5 -28.3 0.7 4.8 7.8 4.0 2.9 2011-2020 Decrease Increase National monthly production (%) It is a short-cycle crop that is grown both in the autumn-winter, and in the spring-summer seasons, which allows for its availability throughout the year. January February March April May June July August September October November December 8.3 10.7 9.5 11.6 8.2 8.0 7.1 8.2 6.8 7.8 6.3 7.5 Increased availability Average availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 58

World Ranking Zucchini 5th México Mexico would have to double its zucchini world production volume to reach the second place producer among the nations that grow it. 589,802 Year after year, China increases its international contribution, consolidating its leadership in the tonnes production this fruit. 2020 Foreign trade Cucurbita pepo L. In the international market, Mexico is the leading exporter of pumpkins. In the Description international trade, the winter of hard-rind varieties (butternut, spaghetti, acorn It is a monoecious plant (it has both sexes on the same plant) with separate male and or kabocha) are equally important to the softer ones (zucchini, courgette, zapallo, female flowers. It is a creeping plant because it grows along the ground. The stems, even chilacayote gourds). which are covered in hairs, are erect in the early stages of development, until before Commercial origin-destination the third harvest of fruits. The leaves are supported by long and hollow stems. The US market acquired about 93% of the total volume exported by our country. Japan increased its purchases during the last year, reaching 9,548 tonnes, while the rest of the foreign sales were made to 12 other nations. Main buyer Supplier Product 196,025,489* The fruits are usually light green, although there are some darker ones. As • United States (Mexican imports) for their length, they measure from 12 to 15 cm. They are generous in * USD • United States • China minerals and vitamin C. The color of their seeds can be white, cream • Argentina • South Korea Buyers • Chile • Spain or brownish. • Malaysia • Uzbekistan (Mexican exports) • Japan • Italy The United States is the world's largest importer. • Japan • Germany Importers and Exporters Mexico, Canada and Costa • Italy • Hong Kong Rica are its main suppliers, • Canada • Switzerland • United States • Italy with a share of 87.1%, 6.6% and • United • Cuba 2.6%, respectively. Kingdom • Luxembourg • Japan • South Korea • Guatemala Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 205 198 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 177 181 1,600 169 Volume 1.8 556,991 555,391 -30.1 0.9 tonnes 153 205 203 -7.2 3.6 Value 139 million USD Increase Decrease 128 115 100 0.641 0.876 0.874 1.1 1.2 2.1 1.3 1.4 1.9 1.8 Benefits Half a cup of cooked zucchini provides 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 20% of the daily vitamin A and C recommended intakes. At the same Imports Exports time, it is an important source of potassium, which can contribute to Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) lowering blood pressure. Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 59 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 1.5 0.3 1.2 1.2 1.4 2.5 10.8 12.6 35.4 22.2 7.8 3.1 11.2 10.1 11.3 10.0 10.9 6.0 2.2 2.0 2.4 7.8 11.8 14.3

Sugar cane 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states It is mainly used for the production of sugar. In 2020, 53.842 million (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) tonnes were produced, a figure (tonnes) 2019-2020 8.6% lower than that of the previous AVERAGE year. A smaller sown surface and 55,647 National total 53,841,557 -8.6 lower yields, coupled with excess inventories were the main factors 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 1 Veracruz South-Southeast 20,453,317 -6.1 that influenced the production to be 7,433,814 -7.1 lower. 2 Jalisco Center-West 3,751,281 -3.6 3,240,568 0.0 Annual per capita 3 Oaxaca South-Southeast 2,897,462 -34.1 consumption of sugar 2,445,288 -22.2 4 Chiapas South-Southeast 2,370,131 1.9 32.7 kg 2,352,395 4.4 5 San Luis Potosí Center-West 2,146,544 -2.0 1,901,813 3.9 6 Tamaulipas Northeast -16.9 4,848,943 49,735 7 Tabasco South-Southeast 50,946 61,182 8 Nayarit Northwest 56,683 55,396 9 Morelos Center 56,447 56,955 56,385 58,894 53,842 10 Puebla Center Remainder Percentage of the production value by state For the sale of 20.5 million tonnes, Veracruz generated a revenue of MXN 15.169 billion, a figure that represented 35.7% of the total national production value. Jalisco Veracruz 14.0 35.7 Oaxaca 7.1 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of agro- Surface Volume Value Yield Average industrials Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare 88.9% tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 53,842 42,487 69.5 / tonne 850 NA 775 789 Variations (%) Annual -0.7 NA -0.8 -8.6 -7.4 -7.8 1.3 2019-2020 AAGR 1.0 NA 0.9 0.9 3.8 0.0 2.9 2011-2020 National monthly production (%) Increase Decrease Does not apply Intensive and seasonal production mean that the highest volumes to occur in the first half of the year, with very precise dates for the operation of sugar mills, as well as to make the deadlines for exports shipping. January February March April May June July August September October November December 19.7 17.6 16.5 14.8 10.8 6.1 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 11.2 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 60

World Ranking 8th México The industrialization of the 2019-2020 Mexican Cane sugar world sugarcane harvest (known as zafra), generated producer a reduction of 17.9% in the production volume Saccharum offcinarum L. compared to the previous cycle. The drought conditions that prevailed in the sugarcane 5,286,936 producing areas in 2019 led to a reduction in yield and harvest volume. tonnes The volume of sugar generated by producer countries during 2020 exceeded 170.1 million tonnes. Brazilian producers obtained 41.2 million tonnes, the most significant contribution in that year. 2020 Cane sugar foreign trade The lower national production of sugar influenced the decrease in the volume exported during 2020. A year-on-year increase of 43.5% in imports was also observed due to this. Commercial origin-destination Description It is a tropical grass with a solid stem measuring 2 to 5 m in height and 5 or 6 cm in Derived from the trade agreements with the United States, in 2020 the exported diameter; it’s cylindrical, elongated and without branches, divided into nodes and volume reached 1,151,231 tonnes. Likewise, the purchases of Russia and Puerto Rico stand out, who acquired 31,835 and 4,530 tonnes, respectively. internodes. The stem is the most important part because sugar is stored there. The leaves reach 2 to 4 meters in length. The panicle is located at the top and it is about 30 cm long. Main buyer Supplier Product 695,291,598* • United States (Mexican imports) The stem of sugar cane is considered as an agricultural product, since * USD sugar is distributed and stored in it. It is approximately 75% water • United States • Argentina and is formed by nodes and internodes, which differ in length, • Nicaragua • Paraguay • Guatemala • Germany Despite the fact that diameter, shape and color depending on the vaiety. • Canada • Netherlands Buyers • Brazil • Swaziland India is the largest (Mexican exports) consumer in the world, • Russia • Dominican China and Indonesia • Puerto Rico Republic • Canada • Japan Importers and Exporters are the ones that make • Haiti • United • Dominican the largest imports, making States Republic • Canada • Japan combined purchases that come close to 5.3 million tonnes per commercial year. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 1,304 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 107,972 1,212 61.6 Volume 1,191,574 1,083,602 43.5 -39.2 tonnes 907 710 648 49.4 -8.6 Value 823 807 million USD 724 713 776 Increase Decrease 665 710 283 271 Benefits Sugar is antiseptic, bactericidal, 134 83.6 76.6 107.6 cardiotonic, diuretic, laxative and helps 86.7 with some digestive problems. It is part 52.8 41.2 61.6 of a many home remedies for different ailments, some related to respiratory 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 infections or open wounds. Imports Exports 61 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 6.0 7.6 7.0 7.0 5.4 7.4 8.9 14.6 15.5 9.5 4.3 6.8 9.2 8.4 14.3 20.5 11.5 7.2 9.0 9.4 5.1 0.6 0.9 3.9





Safflower 2011-2020 National production Production volume by state volume Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) (thousand tonnes) (tonnes) 2019-2020 AVERAGE National total 86,793 68.0 114 1 Sonora Northwest 48,070 66.8 19,043 853.4 2 Sinaloa Northwest 3 Jalisco Center-West 8,982 -27.9 4 Tamaulipas Northeast 6,098 34.8 5 Michoacán Center-West 3,412 -9.9 6 San Luis Potosí Center-West 1,067 2,669.6 7 Baja California Sur Northwest 105 NA 131 8 Nuevo León Northeast 17 NA 257 92 9 Baja California Northwest 0 -100.0 144 126 122 70 59 52 87 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 This oilseed is not widely cultivated Percentage of the production value by state in our country. During the last 10 years, an average of 114,000 tonnes Sonora have been produced. In 2020, 53,000 58.5 hectares were sown, which led to a production of 87,000 tonnes. This Throughout 2020, the value figure represented a 68% increase of safflower production in from that of last year as a result of the Sonora increased by 71.5%, larger sown areas. which represented an extra income of MXN 168 million compared to last year. Sinaloa 20.6 Jalisco 10.1 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of oilseeds Surface Volume Value Yield Average 17.5% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 87 687 1.7 / tonne 53 2 50 7,916 Variations (%) Annual 79.0 42.0 81.2 68.0 90.6 -7.3 13.5 2019-2020 AAGR -7.1 -26.9 -2.4 -4.5 -0.7 -2.1 3.9 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) The bulk of the national production is obtained in the autumn-winter season, so most of the volume is harvested from May to August. January February March April May June July August September October November December 0.2 0.0 0.1 7.7 23.3 18.7 39.0 10.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 64

World Ranking Safflower 4th México Of the 25 countries that grew this oilseed, world Mexico ranked among the top five. producer Even though it experienced a decline in 86,793 production, Kazakhstan continues to lead the production of this seed. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade Carthamus tinctorius L. Mexico's share in the international trade remains of little relevance. During 2020, Description 54 tonnes were exported and 49 were imported. The national production is It is an erect and branched plant of the Asteraceae family that produces a rosette destined as an input for the production of oil. This year, 20,000 tonnes of oil were exported. after germination. It adapts to arid conditions. Some varieties can reach a 40% oil content. The branches produce 1 to 5 flower Commercial origin-destination heads of 2 to 4 cm in diameter, and these, in turn, produce between 15 and 30 seeds—which remain protected after maturity. The plant can reach 40 to 150 cm Seed exports were sent to Germany. On the other hand, imports mostly came from the United States. Regarding Mexican oil exports, the main destinations in height. were the US and Spanish markets. Main buyer Supplier Product 62,640* This crop is mainly used for the production of edible oil, which is used in • Germany (Mexican imports) • United States cooking or as an input to make other products such as margarine. * USD • Japan There are two varieties: those that produce an oil with a high percentage of monounsaturated fats and oleic acid, and In the international market, Turkey is one the main those with a high concentration of polyunsaturated importers, with Russia being its main supplier. fatty acids, mainly linoleic. Both types contain a low percentage of saturated fatty acids. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 6.2 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 49.5 Volume 0.1 54.0 4.5 160 -0.01 tonnes 0.1 -0.03 468 38.1 Value million USD Increase 1 0.917 Benefits Safflower oil is recommended to 0.215 0.155 0.0 0.216 0.093 0.034 0.034 0.149 0.016 0.0450.0920.063 prevent or aid in the the treatment 0 0 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.002 of cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, 0.001 rheumatism, constipation and 2013 intestinal parasites. It also revitalizes 2011 2012 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 dry hair and can help treat dermatitis. Imports Exports 65 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0.1 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 77.9 20.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Barley grain 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) (tonnes) 2019-2020 AVERAGE 852 National total 864,293 -10.4 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 1 Guanajuato Center-West 280,972 -19.5 487 2 Hidalgo Center 220,375 10.1 1,032 3 Puebla Center 107,552 30.1 594 4 Tlaxcala Center 846 5 México Center 61,671 -55.9 735 6 Durango Northeast 47,298 -33.9 978 7 Zacatecas Northeast 42,046 1,008 8 Querétaro Center-West 34,607 65.1 1,009 24,457 49.1 964 10.6 864 9 Michoacán Center-West 18,438 -12.8 10 Jalisco Center-West 12,042 -16.2 Remainder 14,835 3.8 Percentage of the production value by state Most of the production is used for Guanajuato is the leader in national animal feed and, to a lesser extent, for production. Estimations show that, human consumption. In the last 10 in 2020, this state had revenues years, the average annual growth rate for MXN 1,418 billion for the sale of was 6.6%. However, as a result of a 280,972 tonnes, which represented smaller sown surface, the production 36.4% of the total national volume was 864,000 tonnes in 2020, production value. 10.4% less than the previous year. Hidalgo 22.8 Puebla 11.5 Guanajuato 36.4 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of agro- Surface Volume Value Yield Average industrials Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare 1.4% tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 864 3,898 2.9 / tonne 317 23 294 4,510 Variations (%) Annual -13.4 169.2 -17.8 -10.4 -7.9 9.1 2.7 2019-2020 AAGR -0.6 -16.4 3.4 6.6 9.3 3.1 2.6 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) The production is obtained throughout the agricultural year, although more than half of the volumes are achieved in the spring-summer cycle, mainly from October to December. January February March April May June July August September October November December 3.1 0.2 0.0 15.2 22.2 4.6 0.3 0.1 1.3 17.7 26.7 8.6 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 66

World Ranking 31st In the last five years, the area sown increased by Barley grain world 43,393 hectares. producer México Russia has 16.7% of the total area of the world 864,293 destined to the production of this grain, which allows it to have an annual production capacity tonnes that exceeds 20.4 million tonnes. 2020 Foreign trade Hordeum vulgare L. The national barley harvest faced adverse productive conditions, which Description caused a significant increase in the imported volume which went from It is an autogamous plant that belongs to the grass family. The spikelets are attached 122,000 tonnes in 2019 to 319,000 in 2020. This increase made it possible to guarantee the exports of the beer industry, which requires this agricultural to the rachis, arranged in a way that covers each other; the glumes are elongated good as an input for its production. and sharp at their apex, and the paleas and lemmas are attached to the grain. It has narrow, light green leaves; at the point where the limbus separates from the stem, Commercial origin-destination at the end of the leaf sheathing zone, two stipules develop that intersect in front of In 2018, the only supplier of this agricultural good was the United States; the stem, and a short serrated ligule lies against it. The plant usually has a lighter during 2020, there were five countries that supplied our domestic demand. green color than wheat; the flowers have three stamens and a pistil with two Among these were: France with 241,000 tonnes, Canada with 45,000 and stigmas. the United States with 32,000. Main buyer Supplier Product 14,369* • United States (Mexican imports) The fruit is a karyopid with the chaff attached. The size of the * USD • France • Australia grain depends on the influence of the environment and its • Canada • Chile Buyers • United States dimensions vary from a maximum length of 9.5 mm and (Mexican exports) a minimum of 6.0 mm; it measures between 1.5 and • Costa Rica • Honduras 4.0 mm in width. This grain is mostly used In 2020 ,more than 60 industrially, mainly for beer production. Importers and Exporters countries imported this grain; • United States however, about 57 out of every 100 tonnes traded were destined for East Asian countries. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 48.6 81.9 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 318,937 Volume 76.9 -318,860 161 2,651 tonnes 81.9 0.03 -81.8 157 321 Value million USD Increase 31.9 26.1 28.1 20.2 21.7 15.1 0.003 0.065 0.376 0.001 0.003 0.019 0.006 0.027 Benefits 0.0 0.287 0.046 0 NS Barley grass juice is a powerful anti- inflammatory. 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Imports Exports NS: Not significant Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 9.2 2.6 13.5 8.4 10.4 20.0 18.9 1.0 1.1 11.2 2.3 1.4 5.2 0.0 13.0 78.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.2 0.0 0.0 67 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview

Onion 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states Almost 49,000 hectares were planted during 2020, which (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) produced1.5 million tonnes, which (tonnes) 2019-2020 meant a 0.8% increase from the AVERAGE National total 1,499,741 0.8 previous year and 2.7% more than 1,461 the average of the last 10 years. This 1 Chihuahua Northeast 323,729 -2.0 is due to larger sown areas and 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 210,255 6.7 higher yields. 2 Guanajuato Center-West 182,212 18.8 134,962 18.0 Annual per capita 3 Zacatecas Northeast 103,603 3.7 consumption 1.0 4 Tamaulipas Northeast 94,157 -18.9 82,085 1.8 5 Baja California Northwest 77,944 -16.6 69,466 -3.3 6 Puebla Center 62,773 -8.2 158,555 1,399 7 Michoacán Center-West 1,239 1,270 8 Morelos Center 1,368 1,519 9 San Luis Potosí Center-West 1,635 1,620 1,573 1,487 1,500 10 Jalisco Center-West Remainder Percentage of the production value by state Baja California Although Chihuahua is the 16.9 leading producer, the best price per tonne was paid in Tamaulipas Baja California, which allowed 14.0 the state to obtain the highest production value in the country with MXN 1.516 billion. 9.4 kg Guanajuato 14.4 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of vegetables Surface Volume Value Yield Average Tonnes rural price 9.3% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 1,500 8,949 30.8 / tonne 49 0.2 49 5,967 Variations (%) Annual 1.5 54.7 1.4 0.8 -24.8 -0.6 -25.4 2019-2020 AAGR 0.04 -21.4 0.3 0.8 7.8 0.4 6.9 2011-2020 National monthly production (%) Increase Decrease The fields dedicated to this crop are located in most parts of the national territory, both in the autumn-winter and in spring-summer cycles, which allows for a constant supply that covers the demand. January February March April May June July August September October November December 6.7 6.6 7.7 10.2 11.7 9.5 10.1 8.1 9.6 7.5 6.5 5.8 Increased availability Average availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 68

World Ranking Onion 16th México The Mexican fields that grow this crop provide world about 2% of the world's availability every year. producer Over the past five years, China has maintained 1,499,741 the lead in onion production with an average annual contribution of 25 million tonnes. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade Mexico's cross-border trade is directly conditioned by the seasonality of the harvests and the demand for processed products. Commercial origin-destination The number of destination countries for national exports reached a new all-time Allium cepa L. high of 23. The shipments to the United States and El Salvador stand out with 400,000 and 18,000 tonnes, respectively. In terms of imports, 16 countries are the Description origin of the imported volume; the United States stands out with 130,000 tonnes. It is a herbaceous plant with elongated leaves that start from the bulbous stem that develops underground. It produces a support where the flowers in the shape of small umbrellas are located. This structure is less than one meter long. It grows from a fleshy bulb with long and enveloping leaves, which give rise to its white, red and yellow varieties. The stem is very rudimentary and small, since it Main buyer Supplier reaches only a few centimeters in length. 224,862,846* (Mexican imports) • United States • United States • Spain Product * USD • India • Chile • China • Netherlands The bulb, which is the edible part, is formed by numerous thick and • Egypt • Belgium • France • Brazil fleshy layers on the inside, which are covered with dry, thin and Buyers transparent membranes that are the base of the leaves If the (Mexican exports) In 2020, Germany soil is airy, the bulb can be pulled out by hand; while in was the world's more compact soils, a hoe or harvesting machines • Guatemala • Belice leading importer of dried are used. • El Salvador • United • Spain Arab Importers and Exporters or powdered onions with • Italy Emirates • Canada • Kuwait • United States • France purchases exceeding 23,000 • Netherlands • Cuba • Guatemala • Belgium • Spain • Brazil tonnes; in contrast, the United • Netherlands • Uruguay States acquired the largest volume in fresh onions with 561,000 tonnes. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 232.7 242.1 238.2 234.4 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 132,094 231.2 68.9 203.2 210.2 Volume tonnes 198.8 430,322 298,228 -0.1 22.0 Value 155.3 million USD 234 165 -5.2 -1.6 Increase Decrease 72.7 68.9 64.5 48.6 54.5 45.0 14.2 18.5 38.0 37.0 32.5 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Benefits Onion is hypoglycemic as it reduces Imports Exports blood sugar levels. Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) 69 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 11.2 7.0 2.7 1.6 0.7 0.8 0.6 3.7 16.9 33.4 12.6 8.8 3.9 7.5 15.6 11.6 13.8 13.7 10.8 5.7 3.8 3.7 4.4 5.5

Green chili 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states It is extremely important in the Mexican diet due to its use as a (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) condiment. In 2020, 3.324 million (tonnes) 2019-2020 tonnes were obtained, which AVERAGE National total 3,324,260 2.7 represented a 2.7% increase from 2,884 6.0 the previous year. There has been 1 Chihuahua Northeast 722,937 -14.5 a positive trend during the last 10 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 648,222 2.0 years, registering an average annual 2 Sinaloa Northwest 458,943 1.2 growth rate of 5.1%. 327,124 16.1 3 Zacatecas Northeast 223,432 21.1 Annual per capita 0.9 consumption 4 San Luis Potosí Center-West 189,611 -8.2 133,270 20.8 5 Sonora Northwest 122,190 208.9 6.4 6 Jalisco Center-West 79,651 78,915 2,132 7 Michoacán Center-West 339,966 2,380 2,294 8 Guanajuato Center-West 2,733 2,782 3,280 3,297 3,379 3,238 3,324 9 Baja California Sur Northwest 10 Tamaulipas Northeast Others Percentage of the production value by state Chihuahua Chihuahua is the main producer, while 14.7 the highest prices were obtained by the state of Yucatan. However, Zacatecas the volume generated by Sinaloa, 11.5 estimated at 648,000 tonnes, was key for its revenue to be the largest in the country, with MXN 8.320 billion. Sinaloa 24.5 17.2 kg Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of vegetables Surface Volume Value Yield Average Tonnes rural price 20.6% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 3,324 34,012 21.1 / tonne 160 2 158 10,232 Variations (%) Annual 4.7 -35.2 5.6 2.7 3.8 -2.8 1.1 2019-2020 AAGR 0.5 -14.4 1.0 5.1 12.2 4.0 6.8 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) Because it is a short-cycle crop, it is available throughout the agricultural year, with a significant volume produced from August to November. January February March April May June July August September October November December 8.2 7.5 4.3 6.4 5.5 4.3 8.1 10.4 11.9 11.2 12.6 9.6 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 70

World Ranking 2nd Mexico stood out among more than 100 Green chili world countries who grow this vegetable, reaching producer Mexico 8.3% of the total world production volume. 3,324,260 China occupies the first place in the production of this vegetable. Its fields generate around 19 tonnes million tonnes per year. 2020 Foreign trade In the last 10 years, record figures have been achieved in the volume sold, with fresh bell pepper and jalapeño being the most commercially relevant. Commercial origin-destination The United States acquired about 99% of the domestic volume offered, its purchases Capsicum annuum L. averaged 95,688 tonnes per month. The second largest buyer is Canada with a preference for sweet varieties such as the bell pepper. Description It is a plant that has erect, herbaceous and dark green stems; the root system reaches Main buyer Supplier 975,044,324* depths of 0.70 to 1.20 m, and it spreads up to 1.20 m.laterally. Its average height is • United States (Mexican imports) 60 cm. The leaves are flat, ovoid, simple and elongated, and the flowers are perfect * USD (hermaphrodites) forming in the axils of the branches; they are white or purple. • China • Chile Product • Peru • Guatemala • United States • Turkey In some varieties, the fruit becomes curved when it approaches maturity. • Spain • Israel • India • Costa Rica Its green color is caused by the high amount of accumulated Buyers chlorophyll. Ripe fruits become red or yellow due to the pigments (Mexican exports) they contain and the spiciness is determined by the levels • Canada • Cuba In 2020, Mexico, of capsaicin. The color is an indicator of the appropriate • Spain • Japan harvesting moment. • Guatemala • Australia • United • Brazil Importers and Exporters China and Spain Kingdom • Netherlands • Germany • United States • India were positioned as the • China • Chile • Spain • Germany world's top exporters, • Guatemala • Japan with individual sales exceeding one million tonnes. • United Kingdom • Brazil Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 844 719 1,007 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 683 904 31,901 627 Volume 517 560 tonnes 85.1 1,160,581 1,128,680 -22.4 1.8 Value 1,007 922 -18.3 11.4 million USD Increase Decrease 226 270 104.1 Benefits Capsaicin from chili peppers can stimulate 86.2 76.9 85.1 and then desensitize the heat detectors of 1.6 46.5 55.2 the hypothalamus gland, which lowers the 1.3 2.7 1.7 body temperature. This allows people who 2012 2013 2014 2015 live in hot climates to better tolerate the 2011 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 high temperatures. Imports Exports 71 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 9.7 10.3 10.2 10.4 9.9 4.7 6.0 7.3 7.6 8.8 8.1 7.0 11.2 10.7 10.6 7.5 7.2 6.6 5.5 5.5 6.6 7.3 8.8 12.5

Cauliflower 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states In 2020, 4,400 hectares were planted, resulting in a production (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) of 103,000 tonnes: 0.2% more than (tonnes) 2019-2020 that obtained in 2019 and 26.5% AVERAGE higher than the average of the last 82 National total 103,142 0.2 10 years. 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 1 Guanajuato Center-West 30,870 -4.7 Annual per capita 71 2 Puebla Center 18,726 2.0 consumption 63 3 Hidalgo Center 17,534 -6.2 65 4 Aguascalientes Center-West 7,656 10.1 5 Zacatecas Northeast 6,365 69.2 Variations (%) 6 Michoacán Center-West 5,248 -11.0 7 San Luis Potosí Center-West 4,903 -8.5 58 8 Baja California Northwest 3,802 24.9 69 9 Querétaro Center-West 3,324 -26.9 76 10 Sonora Northwest 1,984 74.7 111 2,733 -3.0 97 Others 103 103Percentage of the production value by state Revenues from the sales made by Guanajuato amounted to MXN 172 million, contributing 34.5% of the total production value of the country. Hidalgo 12.8 259 g Guanajuato 34.5 Puebla 15.9 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of vegetables Surface Volume Value Yield Average Tonnes rural price 0.6% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 103 499 23.4 / tonne 40 4 4,835 Annual 1.9 -100.0 1.9 0.2 1.6 -1.7 1.5 2019-2020 2.0 -100.0 2.2 4.3 7.6 2.0 3.2 AAGR 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) This vegetable is grown all year round, with a higher production volume in April, as well as during the August-October period. January February March April May June July August September October November December 2.3 6.1 8.4 16.8 7.4 5.2 7.3 11.0 11.3 12.5 9.0 2.7 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 72

World Ranking Cauliflower 4th Mexico The cultivated area in Mexico generated 2.7% of world the world’s total production volume. producer From the group of nations that farm this vegetable, China generates the largest volume. 103,142 tonnes 2020 Foreign trade This vegetable’s sales showed an increase in the last year. In 2020, 62,968 tonnes were sold abroad, which generated a revenue of USD 78.199 million. Commercial origin-destination National exports are destined for eight nations. However, it is the trading partners Brassica oleracea L. of the USMCA that make the most significant purchases: 59,225 tonnes from the United States and 2,993 from Canada. Description It is a plant that belongs to the cruciferae family. Its root system is very branched and Main buyer Supplier • Italy 73,847,660* • Belgium deep, with the capacity to extend up to 110 cm deep. The stem is very small, it does • United States (Mexican imports) not branch and it only reaches a height of 5 to 10 cm. The edible part is formed in * USD • United States the terminal area of the stem and is constituted by a mass of abortive flowers • China with a short and fleshy stem. Buyers Importers and Exporters Product • United States This inflorescence is usually white or cream. It contains vitamins C and (Mexican exports) B6, in addition to healthy, necessary minerals, such as potassium, calcium and phosphorus. • Canada • Netherlands • Japan • United • Belize Arab • Panama Emirates A segment of the North American market is • Honduras characterized by its demand for ready-to-eat presentations, which means that Mexico exports both frozen and cooked products. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 78.2 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 60.9 5,706 Volume 5.2 62,968 57,262 9.1 17.6 tonnes 78.2 73.0 14.9 28.4 Value million USD Increase 42.8 40.9 26.2 26.3 29.0 25.5 23.4 20.8 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.5 4.1 2.7 4.5 5.2 Benefits 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Cauliflower contains sulforaphane, a compound that can fight cancerous cells, Imports Exports helping to prevent or slow the growth of tumors. Cauliflower has been shown to be especially effective in preventing prostate and breast cancer. Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 4.9 7.6 5.7 6.0 9.5 8.1 13.1 14.5 12.8 11.2 3.1 3.5 9.4 12.6 11.3 9.3 7.8 7.8 4.2 4.4 4.4 5.9 9.5 13.4 73 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview

Copra and 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume coconut volume Main states Copra is obtained from the desiccation (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) of the coconut pulp. In livestock (tonnes) 2019-2020 farming, coconut flour is used as feed AVERAGE and in agriculture to make fertilizer; 406 National total 474,139 11.0 In addition, pulp and coconut oil are highly valued for their nutritional 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 1 Guerrero Center 196,756 1.7 content. In 2020, 146,000 hectares 65,270 12.4 were sown and 474,000 tonnes were 2 Jalisco Center-West 40,072 39.0 obtained, a figure 11% higher than 36,090 18.2 that of 2019 and 16.9% higher than the 3 Sinaloa Northwest 34,608 28.5 average of the last 10 years. 30,194 8.9 4 Michoacán Center-West 27,349 7.9 Annual per capita 14,919 46.7 consumption 5 Quintana Roo South-Southeast 3.5 kg 6 Oaxaca South-Southeast 327 7 Colima Center-West 373 392 8 Yucatán South-Southeast 382 394 412 431 446 427 474 9 Nayarit Northwest 14,174 33.7 10 Tabasco South-Southeast 10,575 -4.1 Others 4,132 -2.5 Percentage of the production value by state Guerrero contributed 41.5% of the national production of copra and coconut, and the sale of both products allowed it to obtain revenues for MXN 1.712 billion, which represented 64.3% of the total national production value. Jalisco 6.7 Colima 6.4 Guerrero 64.3 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of fruits Surface Volume Value Yield Average 2.0% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 474 2,663 3.3 / tonne 146 N/A 142 5,616 Variations (%) Annual 0.4 N/A 1.6 11.0 0.4 9.3 -9.6 2019-2020 0.03 N/A -0.2 4.2 2.3 6.6 4.4 AAGR Does not apply 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) There is all-year round availability of this product thanks to the large surface area dedicated to this crop. January February March April May June July August September October November December 9.4 7.7 7.3 10.2 7.3 11.4 8.1 8.1 6.9 7.2 7.8 8.6 Increased availability Average availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 74

World Ranking Copra and coconut 7th The national performance was better than the world Mexico world average, which made it possible to be producer among the top ten producing nations. 474,139 Indonesia continues to lead the production of coconut with more than a quarter of the global tonnes total. 2020 Foreign trade The higher yields of the Mexican crops allowed an increase in the exported volume, going from 22,359 tonnes in 2019 to 25,009 tonnes in 2020. The volume traded reached a new all-time high in the last year. Commercial origin-destination Cocos nucifera L. Mexican exports were destined for 12 countries, with the United States acquiring the largest volume with 24,921 tonnes. In the trade flow, dried pulp and whole Description coconuts are equally important; the purchase of the nut necessarily implies the Coconut palms grow on the coasts; their trunk is almost always slanted and reaches acquisition of its fiber, the liquid and the internal pulp. a height of 10 to 20 m. It can reach a thickness of 50 cm at the base and it thins out at the top. Coconuts have an ovoid shape, they weigh up to 2.5 kg and are covered with fibers. The endocarp, also called the husk or shell, is found on the inside of the fruit. The next layer is the solid albumen or copra, which encases a large Main buyer Supplier cavity that is full of liquid. 13,294,601* (Mexican imports) • United States • Philippines • France Product * USD • Sri Lanka • Germany Copra is the dried pulp of the coconut. When it is fresh, it contains Buyers • Indonesia • Vietnam With joint annual approximately 50% moisture, but it is dried to 3%, which is when • United States • India purchases of at least it concentrates all the nutrients—giving rise to the product (Mexican exports) known as coconut copra, which is widely used as an • Dominican • Panama Importers and Exporters 782,000 tonnes and a industrial input. value of USD 518 million, Republic • Belgium • United States China, the United States • Germany and the Netherlands are the • Guatemala • Spain main importers of coconut palm products. • Colombia • Cuba • Canada • Germany • United Arab Emirates Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 16.9 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 786 15.2 15.9 15.9 Volume 1.4 25,009 24,223 12.5 11.9 14.0 14.2 13.5 tonnes 11.3 10.9 10.7 Value 13.5 12.1 -4.0 -4.6 million USD Increase Decrease 3.2 1.6 2.4 Benefits 1.3 1.4 1.4 Copra contains a good amount of 0.699 0.327 0.765 0.808 carbohydrates, proteins and bone- strengthening minerals, such as 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 magnesium, calcium and phosphorus. Imports Exports 75 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 13.9 11.3 10.9 3.0 8.3 8.0 9.2 10.9 5.7 5.8 9.4 3.6 6.6 6.6 6.9 5.0 7.9 12.0 8.3 11.0 9.6 9.3 8.1 8.7

Peach 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states In 2020, this crop was cultivated in 33,500 hectares, which turned out (thousand tonnes) AVERAGE Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) a production of 173,000 tonnes. This 167 (tonnes) 2019-2020 meant an increase of 8.8% compared to the previous year. This figure was National total 172,950 8.8 the result of larger sown areas and better yields. 1 Chihuahua Northeast 34,194 43.7 27,936 -1.7 Annual per capita 2 Michoacán Center-West 23,017 8.5 consumption 21,089 -6.1 3 Puebla Center 17,391 3.5 1.5 kg 10,847 12.7 4 Zacatecas Northeast 17.1 7,701 13.5 5 Mexico Center 7,279 3.1 5,271 -0.1 6 Chiapas South-Southeast 4,405 -2.1 13,819 7 Aguascalientes Center-West 167 163 161 176 177 164 161 159 173 8 Guerrero Center 173 9 Tlaxcala Center 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 10 Morelos Center Others Percentage of the production value by state Chihuahua 27.2 In 2020 Chihuahua increased the value of its production by 29.6%, generating MXN 111 million more in revenue than in 2019. The price paid in the state was MXN 14,277 per tonne. Zacatecas 12.5 Michoacán 13.5 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of fruits Surface Volume Value Yield Average 0.7% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 173 1,792 6.6 / tonne 34 N/A 26 10,362 Variations (%) Annual 17.7 N/A 3.5 8.8 7.1 5.1 -1.5 2019-2020 -3.0 N/A -3.6 0.4 4.1 4.5 4.1 AAGR Does not apply 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) The best time for the consumption of this fruit is from June to September, when about 70% of the harvests are recorded. January February March April May June July August September October November December 0.1 0.9 10.6 2.1 7.3 12.6 19.5 23.1 16.3 5.4 1.3 0.8 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 76

World Ranking Peach 16th Mexico The national production contributed 0.6% to the world global total. producer China produces 61% of the 1.5 million tonnes 172,950 generated in the world. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade Prunus persica L. During 2020, the combined effect of a higher national harvest and limitations on Description cross-border mobility due to the incidence of COVID-19 inhibited the volume of The tree is of moderate height and grows deep roots. Its size varies depending on the peach imports that Mexico usually acquires. variety. Commercial origin-destination There are varieties that produce fruits with pits which are easily separated from the pulp and others which are strongly attached. The almost 300 varieties have In 2020, Mexican imports came from six nations, two of them located in South been grouped into five kinds, each with its own characteristics, ripening season America: Brazil and Chile. However, it is the United States that sells the largest amount to the country with 12,791 tonnes. and applications. Main buyer Supplier • Brazil Product 1,399,644* • France It is a globose fruit which can be 5 to 8.5 cm in diameter; it is • United States (Mexican imports) • Germany yellowish with reddish shades in the part exposed to the sun * USD • United States and a longitudinal groove of varying depth. It contains a • Chile dimpled pit with sinuous grooves which is very hard. Buyers • China (Mexican exports) Importers and Exporters • Belize • United States Each year, about 2.3 million tonnes are traded among nations, 74 out of every 100 of these are fresh and the rest are sold in canned presentations. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 45.1 48.5 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 37.8 18,575 44.2 29.3 40.7 Volume 656 -17,919 -46.1 -33.8 tonnes 34.3 Value 28.5 29.0 29.3 million USD 1.4 -27.8 -39.6 -44.5 27.0 Decrease 2.5 2.6 1.4 Benefits The leaves and bark of the peach 0.146 0.511 0.543 0.317 0.388 0.901 0.508 tree have been used as sedatives, diuretics, astringents and to remove 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 internal parasites, expel phlegm, cure inflammation and treat chest pains. Imports Exports 77 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 7.1 7.5 6.7 2.4 3.4 8.0 11.2 8.5 15.2 25.1 0.7 4.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 56.9 40.9 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.1

Asparagus 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states In the last 10 years, production increased significantly, showing (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) an average annual growth rate of (tonnes) 2019-2020 15%. In 2020, the surface used for AVERAGE asparagus cultivation was just under 201 National total 300,575 10.4 37,000 hectares, which produced 301,000 tonnes, a figure that 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 1 Sonora Northwest 194,223 12.2 represents a 10.4% increase from the 37,615 0.9 previous year. 2 Guanajuato Center-West 28,012 27.4 27,062 -10.9 Annual per capita 3 Baja California Sur Northwest 5,215 210.4 consumption 3,296 11.1 4 Baja California Northwest 1,287 50.9 1,256 -19.5 5 Querétaro Center-West 6 Michoacán Center-West 7 Coahuila Northeast 85 8 Sinaloa Northwest 120 126 170 198 217 246 278 272 301 9 Aguascalientes Center-West 910 183.5 10 Durango Northeast 888 -13.7 Others 812 -16.1 Percentage of the production value by state Sonora During 2020, Sonora contributed 61.8 61.8% to the total national production value, registering Baja California an economic spillover of MXN Sur 7.384 billion. Compared to 2019, 13.0 the average rural price paid to Sonoran producers increased 2.3%. 1.0 kg Guanajuato 11.4 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of vegetables Surface Volume Value Yield Average Tonnes rural price 1.9% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 301 11,940 9.4 / tonne 37 N/A 32 39,723 Variations (%) Annual 7.3 N/A 3.6 10.4 14.4 6.6 3.6 2019-2020 9.7 N/A 9.0 15.0 17.5 5.5 2.1 AAGR 2011-2020 Increase Does not apply National monthly production (%) Two out of every three asparagus produced during the year are obtained in the first four months. January February March April May June July August September October November December 14.2 20.7 16.6 14.1 1.4 2.7 6.0 6.5 5.0 3.3 3.9 5.6 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 78

World Ranking Asparagus 3rd Mexico Mexico obtained higher yields than the leading world producer nation, which achieved 8.8 tonnes per producer hectare. 300,575 Of the almost 9.5 million tonnes produced on the planet, China contributes 8.303 million tonnes tonnes, which is equivalent to 88%. 2020 Foreign trade Mexico is among the top producers of asparagus in the world; its export vocation makes it possible to offer a greater volume every year to the international market. The foreign sales recorded achieved a record-breaking 173,433 tonnes during 2020. Asparagus officinalis L. Commercial origin-destination Traditionally, the U.S. market acquires most of the exportable domestic supply. In Description 2020, the volume acquired by the United States generated foreign revenues for It is a herbaceous plant that is harvested for a long time (from 8 to 10 years). It has Mexico of USD 303.318 million. a main rhizome from which the roots come out, which in turn carry secondary rootlets. The roots and the rhizome are collectively known as a \"crown\", from which asparagus or \"spears\" develop. In the ground, it develops horizontally in the shape of a base or platform. Main buyer Supplier 303,317,614* (Mexican imports) Product • United States It is a juicy vegetable with a straight 12 to 25 cm long, cylindrical and • Peru • United States * USD • China • Chile very branchy stem. It has needle-shaped leaves grouped in bundles • Spain • Italy and greenish-white ores. Buyers (Mexican exports) Importers and Exporters • Spain • Hong Kong • United States The United States • Japan • United • Spain remains the leading • United Arab importer of asparagus in the Kingdom Emirates world. Mexico and Peru are its • Belize • El Salvador main suppliers with a contribution of • Panama • Malaysia 61.7% and 37.2%, respectively. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 308 303 304 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 280 816 Volume 2.9 tonnes 173,433 172,618 -12.7 0.8 227 Value 304 301 -6.7 0.1 195 million USD 172 152 Increase Decrease 144 118 1.8 1.4 2.3 2.3 1.9 2.9 2.7 3.3 3.1 2.9 Benefits Cooked asparagus and its aqueous 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 juice are very good at dissolving uric acid deposits in the extremities, as well Imports Exports as at inducing urination in cases where this function is failing. Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports 79 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 15.5 2.4 1.9 0.4 3.5 2.0 2.9 3.7 9.0 12.2 14.5 32.0 2.5 17.9 27.6 10.0 4.3 5.4 6.4 5.6 5.8 4.9 5.9 3.7

Raspberry 2011-2020 National production Production volume by state volume Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) (thousand tonnes) (tonnes) 2019-2020 National total AVERAGE 146,350 13.6 81 1 Jalisco Center-West 104,080 16.3 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2 Michoacán Center-West 28,895 11.2 10,222 -12.9 3 Baja California Northwest 2,220 130.6 795 42.3 4 Guanajuato Center-West 85 20.7 26 18.3 5 Puebla Center 18 N/A 6 Mexico Center 7 Colima Center-West 21 8 Tlaxcala Center 17 30 9 Mexico City Center 10 -8.4 This fruit has observed a sustained Variations (%)Baja Percentage of the production value by state production increase in the last 10 California years, with an average annual growth 36 In Jalisco, the revenue received rate of 23.8%. In 2020, 8,500 hectares 6518.0 for the sale of the 104,000 tonnes were cultivated, which allowed the 113 produced was MXN 2.319 billion. The production of 146,000 tonnes, 13.6% 120 average price paid in this state was more than the previous year. 130 MXN 22,276 per tonne, 2.9% higher 129 than in 2019. Annual per capita 146 consumption 305 g Jalisco 48.8 Michoacán 30.5 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of fruits Surface Volume Value Yield Average 0.6% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 146 4,750 18.8 / tonne 8 N/A 8 32,458 Annual 15.5 N/A 10.5 13.6 -7.8 2.8 -18.9 2019-2020 22.7 N/A 21.7 23.8 -0.8 22.8 1.7 AAGR Does not apply 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) This fruit is available almost all year long, except for the smaller harvests from July to September. January February March April May June July August September October November December 8.6 9.0 9.3 7.0 10.4 13.0 1.7 1.9 1.4 9.9 11.1 16.7 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 80

World Ranking Raspberry 2nd Mexico The increase in the cultivated area meant world that the country was able to bring a greater producer contribution to the global production. 146,350 Russia leads the list of producer countries with a total volume of 174,000 tonnes. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade The success of the foreign raspberry trade continues. In 2020, its sales exceeded the one billion dollar threshold. This consolidated raspberries as the berry that generates the largest revenue for the country. Commercial origin-destination Rubus idaeus Mexican exports are destined for 31 countries, among which the United States stands out with 98,848 tonnes. Of the rest of the countries that buy Mexican Description raspberries, Canada made significant acquisitions estimated at 6,035 tonnes. It is a shrub with a short, deciduous, woody stem. The stems are produced every year and they will last for two years. They develop during the first year, and in the second they bloom and give fruits to then immediately die and be replaced by new ones. In the second year, the bark turns dark gray and is covered with thorns. The aerial stem of the previous year has flowering shoots at its end. It also has a certain Main buyer Supplier number of leaves. 1,030,409,946* (Mexican imports) • United States • United States • Germany The U.S. market’s Product • France • Canada demand continues Raspberries are berries formed by numerous drupes which stand * USD • Serbia to increase, which has out for their color. The most common are red or yellowish. Each favorably impacted the Buyers fruit has golden yellow hair attached to it. (Mexican exports) • Canada • Japan Importers and Exporters value chain of our country’s • Netherlands • Russia raspberry production. Flows • Germany • Belgium • United States • Germany from Mexico to its main trading • United • Hong Kong • Canada • France partner show the following year-on-year Arab • Chile increases by presentation: 74% for fresh, 45.5% for Emirates frozen and 48.6% for puree. • Saudi Arabia Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 1,105 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 58.9 914 Volume 1.4 107,462 107,403 -62.6 25.1 tonnes 750 Value 684 million USD 1,105 1,103 -2.9 20.9 531 Increase Decrease 508 367 280 251 180 1.7 1.6 2.5 2.4 3.7 3.1 2.2 3.0 1.5 1.4 Benefits 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Raspberry is one of the fruits with the highest content of ellagic acid, which Imports Exports is known to be an anti-carcinogen and antimutagenic substance, in addition to strengthening connective tissues. Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 1.7 14.8 8.1 0.4 7.6 8.2 26.4 2.1 6.7 10.5 9.7 3.8 7.7 9.0 11.7 11.9 9.7 5.6 1.9 2.3 3.8 9.4 12.4 14.6 81 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview

Strawberry 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states In the last 10 years, domestic production has more than doubled. (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) However, in 2020 558,000 tonnes (tonnes) 2019-2020 were generated, 35.3% less than what AVERAGE was achieved in 2019. This was the 502 National total 557,514 -35.3 result of a smaller sown area and lower yields. 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 1 Michoacán Center-West 329,184 -41.7 105,403 -47.4 Annual per capita 2 Baja California Northwest consumption 3 Guanajuato Center-West 97,499 22.3 4 Mexico Center 7,866 1.2 6,779 169.0 5 Baja California Sur Northwest 6 Jalisco Center-West 6,554 292.1 229 7 Aguascalientes Center-West 3,038 -1.0 360 379 8 Puebla Center 281 -20.0 459 393 468 658 654 861 558 9 Tlaxcala Center 273 0.1 10 Zacatecas Northeast 245 -43.4 Others 392 5.0 Percentage of the production value by state Baja Michoacán produces 54.8% of California the total production value of the country, with 5.873 billion MXN. 29.8 There are 28 municipalities that produce this fruit in Michoacan and Zamora contributes 34% to the total production value of the state. Guanajuato 10.8 2.1 kg Michoacán 54.8 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of fruits Surface Volume Value Yield Average 2.3% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 558 10,720 43.2 / tonne 13 N/A 13 19,229 Variations (%) Annual -22.9 N/A -21.4 -35.3 -47.9 -17.6 -19.5 2019-2020 7.1 N/A 7.1 10.4 17.5 3.1 6.4 AAGR 2011-2020 Increase Decrease Does not apply National monthly production (%) The prices for strawberry peak from August to October, due to the lower availability of the fruit during this season. January February March April May June July August September October November December 10.2 5.9 6.9 8.5 19.1 25.3 6.1 2.1 1.9 1.6 4.7 7.7 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 82

World Ranking 3rd The leading producer nations recorded the Strawberry world second highest yields on record. producer Mexico With a cultivation area accounting for 31.7% of 557,514 the global total, China produces just over a third of the world's strawberry production volume. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade Among the Mexican berry exports, strawberries registered the most significant volume during 2020, reaching 306,520 tonnes. Of that volume, fresh fruits represented 67.6%, frozen ones 29.8% and the rest corresponded to processed berries. Fragaria ananassa D. Commercial origin-destination The United States is the main destination for Mexican strawberry exports. In Description 2020, it acquired 301,000 tonnes; most of this volume supplies the markets of the The plant is herbaceous, while the root system is fasciculated and composed of roots central area of that country. and rootlets. It is small and has numerous leaves that emerge in a crown or very short rhizome, which is at ground level and forms the base of all the plant’s growth. The flowers are white, organized in bunches and they have a chalice of 5 split Main buyer Supplier pieces, 5 rounded petals and numerous stamens and pistils. 917,881,413* (Mexican imports) • United States • United States • Morocco Spanish and Mexican Product * USD • Spain • Poland producers are the The fruit is an aggregate of many tiny dry carpels on a hypertrophied • Chile • Peru largest international pulpy receptacle. It is red and has a sweet taste and a characteristic Buyers • China • Netherlands sellers. Mexico has an • Egypt • Colombia opportunity to grow its aroma. (Mexican exports) market by increasing its It needs to be manually harvested because it is highly sales quota to Canada. sensitive. The cuts must be made every three days and • Canada • United • Hong Kong Arab Emirates handled very carefully. • Saudi • Peru Arabia • Panama Importers and Exporters • Japan • Chile • Kuwait • Nicaragua • United States • Guatemala • Canada • Colombia • Chile • Thailand • Peru • Italy • China • Germany Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 935 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 912 18,237 46.3 Volume 306,520 288,282 -5.2 6.8 tonnes 693 699 700 Value million USD 935 888 -3.4 2.5 511 Increase Decrease 456 416 384 320 16.0 21.3 33.7 33.2 34.9 37.8 42.0 44.6 47.9 46.3 Benefits Strawberries can be used as a 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 substitute for toothpaste and as an efficient means of preventing tartar Imports Exports buildup on teeth. Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) 83 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0.5 0.8 1.9 3.5 15.0 20.3 14.4 20.5 16.0 3.3 1.4 2.4 11.6 14.3 15.7 15.5 9.6 8.9 2.6 1.6 1.3 2.2 5.3 11.4

Bean 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states In 2020, the national production improved compared to the previous (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) year. 1.056 million tonnes were (tonnes) 2019-2020 produced, which meant a 20.1% AVERAGE National total 1,056,071 20.1 increase from the volume obtained 1,059 47.1 in 2019. Still, it was 0.3% lower than 1 Zacatecas Northeast 381,671 8.1 the average of the last 10 years. 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 140,963 39.6 2 Sinaloa Northwest 100,107 3.7 Annual per capita 67,600 -4.4 consumption 3 Nayarit Northwest 50,869 -5.0 48,766 465.9 9 kg 4 Chiapas South-Southeast 46,229 0.4 5 Durango Northeast 36,986 -49.1 32,803 7.7 6 Guanajuato Center-West 30,056 8.5 120,020 568 7 San Luis Potosí Center-West 1,081 1,295 8 Puebla Center 1,274 969 1,089 1,184 1,196 879 1,056 9 Chihuahua Northeast 10 Veracruz South-Southeast Others Percentage of the production value by state Zacatecas In Zacatecas, the sale of 381,671 tonnes 33.5 generated a revenue of 5.662 billion MXN: 33.5% of the total national production value. From the 49 Zacatecan municipalities that produce beans, 6 of them contributed 55% of the state’s total production value. Among these, Sombrerete stands out with 18.4%. Sinaloa 18.6 Nayarit 9.8 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of dry legumes Surface Volume Value Yield Average Tonnes rural price 85.8% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 1,056 16,907 0.7 / tonne 1,712 145 1,567 16,009 Variations (%) Annual 21.2 -29.3 29.8 20.1 29.7 -7.5 8.0 2019-2020 1.4 -14.8 6.4 7.1 10.5 0.7 3.1 AAGR 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) The lowest volumes are harvested during the months of April to September, so the national demand is covered through imports. January February March April May June July August September October November December 3.7 13.1 7.4 3.0 1.6 0.8 0.9 1.9 4.4 9.3 34.8 19.1 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 84

World Ranking 8th The Mexican countryside produces 4% of the Bean world global production volume. producer Mexico Myanmar and India have the capacity to 1,056,071 produce more than 5.3 million tonnes of beans each every year. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade The Mexican international bean trade depends on the domestic harvest levels and the international market prices, especially those in the United States. During 2020, imports reached 142,601 tonnes, while exports reached 46,470. Commercial origin-destination Phaseolus vulgaris L. The commercial relationship that our country maintains with the United States determines a cross-border flow of up to 225,000 tonnes per year. Description It is a herbaceous plant belonging to the fabaceae family, with thin, weak Main buyer Supplier • China quadrangular stems (sometimes with purple stripes), trifoliate leaves, an acuminate 36,546,310* apex, and with more or less tubular sides and a rounded banner. It can reach a • United States (Mexican imports) height of 50 to 70 cm and its roots develop around a main taproot from which * USD • United States many branches stem. • Canada Product Buyers Importers and Exporters The fruit is a softly curved pod that opens naturally when ripe. This pod can measure 10 to 12 cm in length and is green, purple (Mexican exports) • United States or almost black. On the inside, the seeds can be oblong, oval • Canada • Peru • Dominican or rounded, depending on the variety. They are slightly compressed and red, yellow, brown or black in color. • El Salvador Republic • Guatemala • Cuba • Italy • Spain During 2020, India positioned itself as the largest importer • Angola • Chile with 564,000 tonnes. However, the United Kingdom, • Venezuela China, the United States and Japan made significant individual purchases of at least 207,000 tonnes. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 277 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 142,601 Volume 46,470 -96,131 16.3 94.3 tonnes 124 60.8 -62.8 25.1 103 Value million USD Increase 136 125.3 130.5 123.7 130.5 99.8 84.5 86.0 98.8 38.3 62.8 79.8 60.8 35.4 50.8 41.4 50.4 Benefits 29.8 29.9 Due to their high content of proteins, antioxidants, fiber and minerals, black 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 beans can help provide all the amino Imports Exports acids that the body needs, reduce the risk of colon and breast cancer, reduce cholesterol and blood sugar levels, prevent constipation and detoxify the body. Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 7.6 8.1 9.1 4.7 4.2 4.5 3.2 4.3 10.7 13.2 15.2 15.2 2.4 4.4 16.9 19.0 11.0 13.3 12.4 5.3 2.4 4.2 6.1 2.6 85 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview

Chickpea 2011-2020 National production Production volume by state volume In 2020, 62,600 hectares were Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) sown, which allowed a production (thousand tonnes) (tonnes) 2019-2020 of 126,000 tonnes; these figures represented a decrease of 34.7% AVERAGE National total 125,823 -38.0 of the sown area and a decrease 185 of 38% in production compared to 1 Sinaloa Northwest 75,690 -29.5 2019. 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 21,339 -60.2 2 Sonora Northwest 3 Michoacán Center-West 13,658 -42.4 4 Guanajuato Center-West 9,986 5.8 2,589 -49.6 5 Baja California Sur Northwest 6 Jalisco Center-West 1,530 -40.6 7 Guerrero Center 777 1.3 72 8 Oaxaca South-Southeast 231 11.2 272 210 9 Hidalgo Center 16 -5.8 172 138 122 189 352 203 126 10 Querétaro Center-West 6 46.4 Percentage of the production value by state Sonora 18.5 In Sinaloa, nine municipalities generated the entire value of the state's production with MXN 1.238 billion, which represents 65.8% of the total national production value. Sinaloa 65.8 Michoacán 8.8 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of dry legumes Surface Volume Value Yield Average Tonnes rural price 10.2% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 126 1,882 2.0 / tonne 63 0.2 62 14,956 Variations (%) Annual -34.7 643.3 -34.9 -38.0 -23.8 -4.7 22.9 2019-2020 -3.7 -43.8 2.9 6.4 12.6 3.3 5.8 AAGR 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) Most of the production is achieved during the autumn-winter cycle, so the highest volume is obtained from March to June. January February March April May June July August September October November December 0.6 5.4 22.6 23.5 25.7 16.0 4.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.7 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 86

World Ranking 10th The yields achieved were larger than the world Chickpea world average, which allowed Mexico to stand out producer Mexico among the main producer nations. 125,823 India is the leading country in production, contributing around 70% of the world's volume. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade The accumulated inventories of national crops in 2018 and 2019 supported the export volume levels during 2020. Commercial origin-destination Among the Mexican agricultural goods that are exported, chickpeas present the Cicer arietinum L. largest number of destination countries: 54. During 2020, in at least 20 of these, the annual export exceeded 1,000 tonnes, with Turkey acquiring the largest Description volume with 37,389 tonnes. It is a small herbaceous plant with deep and strong branched roots, which can reach a height of about 60 cm. The stems are erect and hairy, and the leafs are paripinnate, Main buyer Supplier • Trinidad 40,167,383* and Tobago alternate, pubescent and with serrated leaflets. Small single flowers emerge from • Turkey (Mexican imports) its axils. It is a mainly autogamous plant, whose self-pollination occurs before the * USD • United States flower blooms. • Spain Product Buyers Importers and Exporters The fruit is a pubescent and pointed pod, which contains one or (Mexican exports) two seeds inside, more or less wrinkled, and its color can be white, cream, yellowish or brown, with two large cotyledons • Argelia • United States and terminated in a point. • Brazil • United States • Trinidad • Peru • Spain and Tobago • Spain • Portugal • United • Greece Arab Emirates • France In the international market, more than 70 • Italy countries make purchases, but imports from India and Pakistan stand out. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 281.8 275.7 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 367 Volume 0.3 151,397 151,030 109 -10.1 tonnes 192.7 176.8 183.2 155 155 166 -2.8 Value 159.9 155.3 million USD 138.5 138.3 Increase Decrease 83.3 0.513 0.236 0.564 0.064 0.180 0.533 1.9 0.253 0.126 0.334 Benefits 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Chickpeas can be an aid in keeping blood pressure levels stable, as they are Imports Exports low in sodium. They also help decrease cholesterol levels thanks to its fiber Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) and isoflavones content. In addition, by providing slow-release energy, they Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec cause a feeling of satiety and prevents 3.3 5.7 10.6 15.2 9.7 5.0 5.7 9.7 12.2 1.2 11.6 10.1 blood glucose spikes. 9.9 6.6 8.0 12.9 9.2 7.1 6.6 5.0 9.2 10.6 8.0 6.9 Imports Exports 87 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview

Gerbera 2011-2020 National production Production volume by state volume Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) (thousand grosses) (grosses) 2019-2020 AVERAGE National total 1,278,993 -7.5 1,101 1 Mexico Center 1,278,993 4.0 0 -100.0 2 Baja California Northwest 912 906 980 942 939 1,108 1,182 1,376 1,383 1,279 Production has increased in the 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 last 10 years, reaching an average annual growth rate of 3.8%. In Percentage of the production value by state 2020, 1.279 million grosses were produced, a figure 16.2% higher Estado de Mexico harvested than the average of the last decade, 1.3 million grosses, obtaining a but 7.5% lower than that of 2019. revenue of MXN 242 million. The municipality of Villa Guerrero contributed 62.8% to the total production value of the state. Estado de México 100.0 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of ornamentals Surface Volume Value Yield Average Million Million Grosses rural price 3.5% Sown Lost Harvested grosses MXN / hectare 1,279 11,953.2 MXN Thousand hectares 242 / gross 0.1 N/A 0.1 189 Variations (%) Annual -14.3 N/A -11.6 -7.5 -47.3 4.6 -43.0 2019-2020 -3.5 AAGR 2.9 N/A 2.2 3.8 0.2 1.6 Does not apply 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) The highest production volumes coincide with the months of high demand: February (Valentine’s Day), May (Mother's Day) and December (New Year's Eve). January February March April May June July August September October November December 3.0 20.8 3.3 3.8 26.2 5.5 1.6 6.6 3.4 5.4 7.5 12.9 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 88

Gerbera 2020 Foreign trade Although the volume traded during 2020 was higher than that registered in 2019, the income received from the annual foreign sales of gerbera decreased by USD 103,789. Commercial origin-destination Gerbera L. The most significant imports came from the Netherlands, one of the main producers of this flower in the world. Description It is a herbaceous plant that can live for several years, but commercially, it is only Main buyer viable to cultivate it during two or three. The leaves have a rosette shape, they are 523,894* • United States elongated, about 40 cm long, and slightly cleft at the edges. The flower buds develop from some stems or peduncles with a terminal inflorescence which grow from the petiole of some of these leaves. * USD Product Its flowers are about eight centimeters in diameter, with the petals Supplier distributed concentrically and a green bud in the center. They can (Mexican imports) be found in red, yellow, white and orange colors, usually with • Netherlands fuchsia tones. • India European countries are the leaders in ornamental flowers imports, and they mainly acquire bouquets. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 0.915 1.0 0.943 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 0.876 13.2 0.836 0.5 Volume 0.798 tonnes 307 294 -11.8 1.5 0.725 0.705 Value 0.694 million USD 0.652 0.628 0.5 0.1 -15.8 -16.5 0.580 0.560 0.524 Increase Decrease 0.472 0.468 0.003 0 0 0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Benefits Imports Exports Gerberas are the fifth most popular 2011 2012 2013 2014 cut flower in the world after roses, carnations, chrysanthemums and Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) tulips. Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 89 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 0.6 3.8 7.0 8.0 9.9 35.8 16.9 12.9 0.0 1.2 1.0 2.9 4.2 11.6 9.9 2.6 9.2 9.2 7.1 8.6 10.1 10.7 8.8 8.0

Guava 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states In 2020, this tropical fruit was planted on 20,900 hectares, with a (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) production of 287,000 tonnes: 6.6% (tonnes) 2019-2020 less than the previous year and AVERAGE National total -6.6 4.9% less than the average of the 302 287,243 -3.6 last 10 years. 1 Michoacán Center-West 172,730 -6.3 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 62,897 -22.5 Annual per capita 2 Aguascalientes Center-West 32,252 -8.4 consumption -3.7 3 Zacatecas Northeast 9,715 68.5 2.2 kg 3,588 4.9 4 Mexico Center 2,142 4.5 5 Jalisco Center-West -10.0 869 -14.2 6 Guerrero Center 499 -7.4 439 7 Guanajuato Center-West 350 1,762 291 8 Puebla Center 295 298 303 294 309 325 312 308 287 9 Durango Northeast 10 Hidalgo Center Others Percentage of the production value by state The production of Michoacán generated a revenue of MXN 945 million for the sale of 173,000 tonnes. The price paid in this state increased 1.1% compared to 2019. Zacatecas 13.1 Aguascalientes 23.0 Michoacán 56.8 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of fruits Surface Volume Value Yield Average 1.2% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 287 1,665 14.1 / tonne 21 N/A 20 5,795 AnnualVariations (%)-9.4N/A -9.4 -6.6 -8.9 3.1 -2.4 2019-2020 -0.5 N/A -0.5 -0.1 3.9 3.8 0.4 AAGR Does not apply 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) Four out of every ten guavas are harvested during the last quarter of the year. January February March April May June July August September October November December 4.3 3.5 5.4 6.4 6.9 11.2 5.5 6.0 8.6 14.6 14.4 13.2 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 90

World Ranking 4th Mexican fruit growers face the challenge of Guava world maintaining the number of hectares used for producer Mexico guava production and reaching greater yields. 287,243 The nations located in South Asia, such as India and Indonesia, are the ones that have the tonnes best conditions for the cultivation of this fruit. 2020 Foreign trade During 2020, exports observed a year-on-year decline of 6%. The lower volumes of the Mexican harvest conditioned the behavior of the export market. Commercial origin-destination Nine out of ten guavas imported to the U.S. come from Mexico. During 2020, the Psidium guajava L. North American market acquired 10,445 tonnes. Main buyer Supplier Description 20,294,955* It is an evergreen and leafy tree that can reach 5 to 6 meters in height on average • United States (Mexican imports) but, if handled properly with pruning, it does not exceed 3 meters. It has extended • United States * USD • France branches and is easy to recognize due to its smooth, thin, copper-colored and flakey bark. The stem has green and angular herbaceous buds. The flowers Buyers Importers and Exporters appear in bunches. • United States (Mexican exports) Product The fruits are round, with five to ten cm in diameter and slightly flat at • Canada • Germany • United • United the poles. The fruit releases a strong and sweet musky smell when Kingdom Arab ripe. It has a thick cream-colored mesocarp or pulp, sweet taste • Sweden Emirates and crunchy texture before full maturity, which is the ideal time for cutting. This is evident when the skin reaches a yellowish green or pinkish yellow color. The international trade of the fruit group to which guava belongs is expanding. The largest buyer of in the world, the United States, is one of Mexico’s main customers. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 22.6 22.4 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 1.2 21.1 0.0 20.5 Volume 10,971 10,969 -35.3 -6.0 tonnes 18.8 21.1 21.1 -40.1 -5.8 Value 14.7 million USD Decrease 13.0 11.1 11.8 8.6 0 0.002 0 0 0.014 0.010 0.012 0.019 0.016 0.010 Benefits Guava helps reduce triglyceride 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 levels in the blood and decreases hypertension, while increasing Imports Exports the level of HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol). Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports 91 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 10.5 11.3 6.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 7.9 22.5 18.7 19.7 6.5 6.7 8.8 5.5 6.9 8.1 4.8 5.6 7.0 8.0 13.3 18.8

Tomato 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states This vegetable is the one that is most cultivated both for national (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) consumption and for export. In (tonnes) 2019-2020 2020, 45,300 hectares were planted, AVERAGE National total 3,370,827 -2.1 for a production of 3,371,000 tonnes, 3,079 -10.5 a figure 9.5% higher than the 1 Sinaloa Northwest 684,333 -2.9 average of the last 10 years, but 2.1% 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 380,175 -11.4 lower than in 2019. 2 San Luis Potosí Center-West 248,499 30.3 234,866 11.9 Annual per capita 3 Michoacán Center-West 196,897 9.8 consumption 175,027 20.2 4 Zacatecas Northeast 161,183 25.9 135,312 -4.5 5 Jalisco Center-West 134,160 1.0 117,263 -8.9 6 Baja California Sur Northwest 903,110 1,872 7 Morelos Center 2,838 2,694 8 Querétaro Center-West 2,875 3,098 3,349 3,470 3,781 3,442 3,371 9 Puebla Center 10 Sonora Northwest Others Percentage of the production value by state Sinaloa increased the value of its production by 12.7%; the price per tonne stood at MXN 12,240. This state obtained revenues of MXN 8.376 billion; and 74.6% of the value of state’s production was jointly contributed by the municipalities of Culiacán and Navolato. Sinaloa San Luis 26.4 Potosí 12.9 13.4 kg Michoacán 7.9 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of vegetables Surface Volume Value Yield Average Tonnes rural price 20.9% Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 3,371 31,682 74.6 / tonne 45 0.1 45 9,399 Variations (%) Annual -4.4 -89.5 -2.4 -2.1 6.1 0.3 8.3 2019-2020 6.1 AAGR -1.9 -38.2 0.1 6.8 13.3 6.7 Decrease 2011-2020 Increase National monthly production (%) Intensive production allows year-round availability, with almost a quarter of the total production volume being harvested during October and November. January February March April May June July August September October November December 10.0 8.2 6.1 8.2 7.2 7.1 6.5 6.9 7.6 12.4 11.5 8.3 Increased availability Average availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 92

World Ranking 9th Among the 166 nations that harvest this Tomato world vegetable, the national production contributed producer Mexico 2.4% to the total harvest volume of the world. 3,370,827 The annual volume of tomato obtained by China (62.8 million tonnes) is equivalent to that tonnes of the next seven main producers on the list combined. 2020 Foreign trade Mexico is a benchmark in the international trade; it is the largest exporter in the world with annual sales of more than 1.650 million tonnes. Commercial origin-destination Lycopersicum esculentum L. The main destination for Mexican exports is the United States, although in the last decade its acquisitions have fallen significantly. Canada and Japan also Description make regular purchases. It is a herbaceous plant with thick, pubescent and long stems. It has a pivoting, deep and slightly branched root system. The main stem is formed of secondary stems composed of an epidermis with glandular hairs, bark, vascular cylinder and inner Main buyer Supplier tissue, so the plant does not support itself and the use of holders for its support is 1,874,133,156* necessary. The flowers are grouped in inflorescence clusters or cluster tops. (Mexican imports) • United States • United States • Turkey The U.S. market Product • Israel • Guatemala demanded the Considered one of the most important vegetables, it is actually a globose, * USD • Spain • France • China • Uruguay sub-spherical, bilocular berry. Its intense colors are typically shades Buyers ranging from yellowish to red, due to the presence of lycopene and (Mexican exports) carotene pigments. It has a slightly acidic taste. It is generally • Canada • Honduras largest imports in round in shape with flat poles, except for some varieties • Japan • Uruguay Importers and Exporters the world. In 2020, which have elongated fruits, such as the saladette. • Cuba • United its purchases reached Although they come in different sizes, it is usually a • Guatemala Arab • United States • Uruguay 1.838 million tonnes, of • El Salvador Emirates • Guatemala which 54.6% were grown in large fruit. • Costa Rica greenhouses. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 1,883 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 2,430 1,734 1,753 8.1 1,550 1,583 Volume 1,663,316 1,660,886 -12.6 -2.1 tonnes 1,368 Value 1,293 million USD 1,883 1,874 4.8 7.4 1,015 1,159 Increase Decrease 1,001 47.2 31.8 25.1 32.6 17.9 4.2 1.9 7.7 8.1 Benefits 0.767 Some clinical evidence suggests that 2011 2012 2013 2014 2017 2018 2019 2020 fresh tomato juice made from fruits 2015 2016 Imports Exports that have ripened on the plant may aid liver regeneration. Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports 93 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 8.9 5.3 6.0 11.1 8.2 5.8 8.7 16.7 7.3 9.7 7.9 4.4 10.0 8.1 11.4 7.1 8.1 9.9 6.4 6.3 7.2 7.9 8.8 8.8

Lettuce 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states In the last 10 years, the production had a positive behavior, obtaining (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) an average annual growth rate of (tonnes) 2019-2020 4.3%. In 2020, 22,300 hectares were AVERAGE National total 5.1 planted, reaching a production of 440 541,804 -17.2 542,000 tonnes, a figure 5.1% higher 1 Guanajuato Center-West 149,794 20.2 than that of the previous year. 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 72.0 2 Zacatecas Northeast 96,114 -2.5 Annual per capita 79,968 56.2 consumption 3 Aguascalientes Center-West 64,545 -13.9 49,181 15.2 2.5 kg 4 Puebla Center 20,572 -0.7 18,051 -3.5 5 Baja California Northwest 14,483 -6.0 -20.2 6 Querétaro Center-West 13,051 12,643 370 7 Sonora Northwest 23,404 335 381 8 San Luis Potosí Center-West 407 438 440 481 486 516 542 9 Tlaxcala Center 10 Mexico Center Others Percentage of the production value by state In 2020, Guanajuato contributed 23.4% to the total national production value. It obtained MXN 574 million for the sale of 150,000 tonnes of lettuce . Farmers received MXN 3,829 per tonne. Aguascalientes 17.6 Zacatecas 14.6 Guanajuato 23.4 Share in the national Surface 2020 Indicators Yield Average production of rural price vegetables Volume Value Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million Tonnes MXN tonnes MXN / hectare / tonne 3.4% Thousand hectares 542 2,454 22 0.01 22 5.1 17.9 24.3 4,530 Variations (%) Annual 7.0 -72.1 7.2 -2.0 12.2 2019-2020 1.9 -30.4 2.1 4.3 9.9 2.1 5.3 AAGR 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) Mexico has the potential to offer lettuce all year round. However, the lowest volumes are registered during the last two months of the year. January February March April May June July August September October November December 7.4 12.1 8.4 9.9 5.6 6.4 14.2 11.6 9.8 7.2 3.9 3.5 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 94

World Ranking 9th The increasing yield in domestic production Lettuce world allowed the country to contribute 1.8% to the producer Mexico global production volume. 541,804 The increase in the production of this vegetable in China keeps it as a world leader with around tonnes 16.3 million tonnes per year. 2020 Foreign trade The growth in the global consumption of this vegetable has led to the volume traded between nations reaching 2.3 million tonnes per year. This scenario has had a favorable impact on Mexico, since its foreign sales are the third most significant in the world. Lactuca sativa L. Commercial origin-destination For the first time, Mexico managed to integrate countries such as Germany, Description Puerto Rico and the United Arab Emirates into its client portfolio. However, due to It is an annual herbaceous, dicotyledonous, autogamous plant that belongs to the the geographical proximity and the USMCA, the largest trade flows continue to be compositae family. Its root never exceeds 25 cm in depth; it is pivoting, short and held with the countries of the North American region (255,000 tonnes in total). branched. The leaves grow in rosettes and they are extended when young. In some cases they continue this way throughout their development while in others they curl up later. The edge of the leaf blades can be smooth, wavy or serrated. Its stem is cylindrical and branched, very short, and does not branch when the Main buyer Supplier plant is in the optimum state for harvest. 302,179,673* (Mexican imports) Product • United States • United States It is a vegetable formed by large leaves, which can be somewhat * USD Importers and Exporters jagged and that are arranged on top of each other forming • United States a tight pack in some cases. They come in different Buyers shapes, sizes and colors, mainly green and red. It is not very nutritious. (Mexican exports) • Canada • United • Belize Arab Emirates • Costa Rica • Germany The United States, Spain and Mexico rank as the top three • Honduras • Japan lettuce exporters in the world. The consumption of lettuce- • South Korea • Puerto Rico based salads that incorporate other ingredients has increased as of late. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 305.7 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 36,055 299.2 26.4 Volume 256,953 220,899 2.7 1.5 tonnes 225.5 Value 217.5 million USD 306 279 13.2 2.2 Increase 133.6 139.9 141.1 130.2 91.7 88.7 15.6 16.7 18.7 23.3 26.4 Benefits 9.0 12.9 9.8 9.7 12.0 Any type of lettuce blended with cold 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 water helps relieve indigestion and Imports Exports heartburn. Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2.6 4.1 3.3 3.7 11.1 12.3 16.5 19.3 13.5 10.7 0.6 2.3 10.1 9.0 11.1 7.0 5.6 8.5 5.2 3.9 4.5 7.9 12.2 15.0 95 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview

Lime 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states During 2020, this citrus was cultivated in an area of 207,800 (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) hectares. The volume reached was (tonnes) 2019-2020 2.851 million tonnes: 7.2% more than AVERAGE National total 2,851,427 7.2 in 2019 and 19.8% more compared 2,380 2.0 to the average of the last 10 years. 1 Michoacán Center-West 798,252 12.2 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 788,555 6.9 Annual per capita 2 Veracruz South-Southeast 281,559 0.2 consumption 274,486 12.1 3 Oaxaca South-Southeast 116,853 4.4 16.1 kg 103,952 0.2 4 Colima Center-West 86,097 0.4 5 Tamaulipas Northeast 80,064 7.7 79,940 23.7 6 Jalisco Center-West 45,630 24.2 196,039 2,133 7 Tabasco South-Southeast 2,055 2,121 8 Guerrero Center 2,187 2,326 2,416 2,513 2,533 2,661 2,851 9 Yucatán South-Southeast 10 San Luis Potosí Center-West Others Percentage of the production value by state Michoacán continues to have the largest revenues for lemon production, contributing 38% to the total national production value, which was MXN 7.138 billion in 2020. Veracruz 26.2 Colima 9.6 Michoacán 38.0 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of fruits Surface Volume Value Yield Average 11.9% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 2,851 18,766 15.4 / tonne 208 N/A 185 6,581 Variations (%) Annual 1.6 N/A 2.3 7.2 8.8 4.7 1.5 2019-2020 2.5 N/A 2.4 3.3 12.9 0.9 9.3 AAGR Increase Does not apply 2011-2020 National monthly production (%) The best season for its consumption is the second half of the year, when more than 60% of the national production is obtained. January February March April May June July August September October November December 6.7 5.5 4.1 5.1 6.7 9.3 10.0 10.7 9.3 11.8 11.6 9.2 Increased availability Average availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 96

World Ranking 2nd Citrus growing areas in the world continued to Lime world expand, reaching a global coverage of 20 million producer Mexico hectares. Mexico was no stranger to this trend. 2,851,427 India obtains the largest lime volume in the world with 3.5 million tonnes annually. tonnes 2020 Foreign trade Mexican lime exports continue to grow each year in volume. In 2020, this figure reached 796,693 tonnes. The best average sale price make Mexico the leading nation in this regard in the international market. Commercial origin-destination Citrus aurantifolia swingle The Mexican lime exports are destined for 28 countries, but the largest volume is Description acquired by the United States and the Netherlands with 757,000 and 21 tonnes, The lime tree is a small tree or shrub, which rarely exceeds 4 meters in height. Its thin respectively. branches have short thorns, with small leaves that are round at the base and pale green. The flowers are small and white and its fruit is called lime. Main buyer Supplier • France Product 470,371,886* The fruit is small and round, with a small bump at the bottom. Common • United States (Mexican imports) varieties do not measure more than 5 cm in diameter. The peel is thin * USD • United States and green (yellow when ripe), with a juicy and very acidic pulp which is • Argentina divided in 9 to 12 segments. It contains vitamins C and B, as well as calcium, phosphorus and iron. Buyers Importers and Exporters (Mexican exports) • United States • France • Netherlands • Spain • United • South Korea Australia has shown interest in acquiring Mexican limes Kingdom • Germany as long as the product complies with the established • Japan • Belgium phytosanitary conditions. It currently imports more than • France • Italy 5,500 tonnes annually. • Russia Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 569 560 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 515 3,238 Volume 3.0 796,693 793,454 -18.4 5.0 500 tonnes 465 515 512 -19.9 -7.9 Value 373 376 million USD 286 Increase Decrease 234 220 1.6 1.0 0.937 2.8 1.8 2.5 3.2 4.1 3.7 3.0 Benefits Lime juice helps soothe the irritation and 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 swelling caused by mosquito bites. In addition, it is used as a tonic, astringent, Imports Exports diuretic, digestive stimulant, as a remedy against intestinal hemorrhages and Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) hemorrhoids, palpitations, headache, Exports convulsive coughs, rheumatism, arthritis and Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 7.0 8.8 10.3 9.4 15.1 15.0 9.4 10.6 2.0 3.1 2.6 6.7 alopecia. 6.7 6.1 8.0 6.1 9.0 10.7 7.6 9.8 10.4 9.3 8.1 8.2 97 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview

Fodder maize 2011-2020 National production Top 10 in production volume volume Main states It is mostly used as livestock feed. In 2020, 608,700 hectares were (thousand tonnes) Rank State Region Volume Variation (%) cultivated, which generated a (tonnes) 2019-2020 production of 16.768 million tonnes AVERAGE National total 16,768,431 7.7 (7.7% higher than that registered 14,436 5,740,629 4.7 in 2019 and 16.2% higher than the 1 Jalisco Center-West 2,261,837 16.5 average of the last 10 years). 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2,147,559 24.7 2 Durango Northeast 23.0 1,358,261 3.3 3 Zacatecas Northeast 1,139,363 2.6 -4.4 4 Aguascalientes Center-West 971,618 -10.8 753,610 3.3 5 Mexico Center 672,740 -0.5 441,817 -1.4 6 Coahuila Northeast 312,743 968,254 9,605 7 Chihuahua Northeast 12,063 12,615 8 Querétaro Center-West 13,777 13,661 16,165 16,669 17,464 15,570 16,768 9 Guanajuato Center-West 10 Puebla Center Others Percentage of the production value by state The production value of Jalisco was 4.019 billion MXN, registering an increase of 11.8% per year and representing 35.5% of the total national value. Zacatecas 13.0 Durango 13.6 Jalisco 35.5 Share in the national 2020 Indicators production of fodders Surface Volume Value Yield Average 13.1% Tonnes rural price Sown Lost Harvested Thousand Million / hectare tonnes MXN MXN Thousand hectares 16,768 11,312 28.6 / tonne 609 23 586 675 Variations (%) Annual 10.1 -49.8 15.4 7.7 10.9 -6.6 3.0 2019-2020 2.5 -20.5 7.3 6.4 11.1 -0.8 4.4 AAGR 2011-2020 Increase Decrease National monthly production (%) Fodder maize production is markedly seasonal as most of the volume is generated from August to December. January February March April May June July August September October November December 3.0 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 4.0 10.3 13.0 25.8 29.3 13.3 Increased availability Little or no availability 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview 98

Fodder maize 2020 Foreign trade The increase in the national livestock inventory drove a greater availability of fodders. The level of harvest reached in the last year made it possible to cover domestic demand and inhibit import and export flows. Zea mays L. Commercial origin-destination Foreign trade in fodder corn is limited to the United States. During 2020, Mexico Description sold 333 tonnes and bought 1,298 with this country. It is a robust-looking plant, with a single stem of great length, without branches, and which can reach up to 4 meters high. The central part of the stem is spongy. The male inflorescence is a yellow tassel that can store 20 to 25 million grains of pollen. On the Main buyer other hand, the female one contains one thousand at most, from which structures called spadices or \"ears\" form. The leaves are long and extensive, with spear- 32,213* shaped edges, sharp ends and villi on the top. • United States * USD Product This crop includes the entire plant, since the stem and leaves are used. Supplier Fresh fodder sales are not relevant in global It can be used fresh or dehydrated to be sold dry and in bales. It can trade flows, as there is a direct link between also be stored in silos. Maize is ground and nutrients are added in (Mexican imports) local growing areas and feed-hungry order to produce animal feed. • United States Importers and Exporters livestock farms, so the possibility of exchange • United States is limited to dry products. Foreign trade evolution Trade flow (million USD) 2019-2020 Variation (%) 83.9 Imports Exports Balance Imports Exports 1,298 Volume 0.2 333 -965 -97.7 8,549 tonnes 0.03 -0.2 -97.9 19,326 Value million USD Increase Decrease 16.4 11.8 13.6 13.5 11.0 1.7 1.7 0.002 0.007 0.066 0.054 2.7 0.008 0.226 0.032 Benefits 0 NS The harvest of fodder corn includes NS NS the entire plant. The stem, leaves 2012 2019 2020 and other parts are used. It can be 2011 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 harvested green or let to dehydrate to be sold dry and in bales. Imports Exports NS: Not significant 99 2021 Food & Agricultural Overview Imports Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0.0 0.0 8.2 8.4 13.4 13.6 10.3 6.8 6.9 8.6 6.7 17.1 0.2 33.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.9 44.7 16.1