مجلة العدد الثالث والرابع مزدوج كاملة للنشر

‫ًّٸ‪ ٪‬طن‪ْ٨‬ڂ حٿٸٌحنْن حٿيًٿْش ٿنيَُ ىؿڀش ًحٿٴَحص ‪ٟ‬ڄن ن‪٤‬خٵ ڃ‪٬‬خىيس ٿٌُحڅ حٿظِ حٷَص حٿ‪٬‬خځ‬ ‫‪٫ً 1932‬ڀَ حٿڄخىس ‪ 109‬حٿظِ طليػض ‪٫‬ن حٿلٸٌٵ ًحٿڄ‪ٜ‬خٿق حٿڄ٘ظَٻش رلْغ ّظڂ ًٳِ كخٿش‬ ‫ط‪٬‬ؼَ ح‪ٙ‬طٴخٵ رْن حٿيًٽ حٿڀـٌء حٿَ حٿظلټْڂ حٿ‪٬‬خځ”‪.‬‬ ‫ح‪ ٙ‬اڅ طَٻْخ ٿڂ طڀظِځ ر٘ټپ ػخرض رؤُ ڃن حطٴخٷْخطيخ حٿڄخثْش ڃ‪ ٪‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ا‪ٟ‬خٳش اٿَ ڃوخٿٴظيخ‬ ‫‪ٙ‬طٴخٷْخص حٿڄزخىة حٿ‪٬‬خڃش ٿلٸٌٵ حٿزڀيحڅ أٓٴپ حٕنيخٍ ‪٫‬ني حٿڄ‪ٜ‬زخص‪ ،‬رپ ٻخنض طٌٷ‪ ٪‬ح‪ٙ‬طٴخٷْش‬ ‫حٿظِ طظڄخَٗ ڃ‪ ٪‬كخؿظيخ حٓنْش ‪ ،‬ٳٸي طنټَص طَٻْخ ٳِ ٻپ ڃَكڀش ٿڄوظڀٲ حٿڄ‪٬‬خىيحص‬ ‫ًح‪ٙ‬طٴخٷْخص حٿظِ ًٷ‪٬‬ظيخ ٳِ كْنيخ ًىِ ڃ‪٬‬خىيحص ٿٌُحڅ ‪ً 1920‬ڃ‪٬‬خىيس رخٍّْ ‪ ،1920‬ٻڄخ‬ ‫هخٿٴض طَٻْخ ڃ‪٬‬خىيس أنٸَس حٿظِ ‪٫‬ٸيص ٳِ ‪٫‬خ‪ٛ‬ڄظيخ ًرَ‪٫‬خّظيخ ‪٫‬خځ ‪ً ،1921‬طنټَص ٿظ‪٬‬ييحطيخ‬ ‫حٿڄخثْش ٳِ حٿنيَّن حٿڄٌٷ‪٬‬ش رْن حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ًطَٻْخ ‪ٟ‬ڄن ڃ‪٬‬خىيس حٿ‪ٜ‬يحٷش ًكٔن حٿـٌحٍ ‪٫‬خځ‬ ‫‪ً ،1946‬ڃخ أ‪٫‬ٸزظيخ ڃن حطٴخٷْخص ٿڀظ‪٬‬خًڅ ح‪ٙ‬ٷظ‪ٜ‬خىُ ًحٿٴنِ ‪٫‬خځ ‪ً 1971‬رًَطٌٻٌٽ ‪٫‬خځ‬ ‫‪ 1980‬رْن حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ًطَٻْخ ًحٿٌُ حن‪٠‬ڄض ٿو ٌٍّٓخ ‪٫‬خځ ‪ً 1983‬ڃن ر‪٬‬يه رًَطٌٻٌٽ ‪٫‬خځ‬ ‫‪ 1987‬رْن طَٻْخ ًٌٍّٓخ ًحٿٌُ أ‪٫‬ٸزو ح‪ٙ‬طٴخٵ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ حٿٌٍُٔ ر٘ؤڅ حٿڄْخه ‪٫‬خځ ‪.1989‬‬ ‫ًرٸْض طَٻْخ ً‪٫‬زَ ‪َ٘٫‬حص حٿٔنْن ط‪٬‬ظزَ أڅ حٿنيَّن ىڄخ نيَحڅ ً‪٣‬نْخڅ‪ً ،‬أڅ ڃْخىيڄخ ‪٫‬خرَس‬ ‫ٿڀليًى ًٿيخ حٿلٶ رخٿظ‪َٜ‬ٱ رڄْخىيڄخ ٻڄخ ط٘خء ‪ ,‬ح‪ٟ‬خٳش اٿَ ًٿٺ ٳخڅ طَٻْخ ٿڂ طٸزپ أًّخ ڃن‬ ‫حٿڄٴخىْڂ حٿيًٿْش حٿـيّيس ٿڄْخه حٕنيخٍ ٳِ حٿيًٽ حٿڄظ٘خ‪٣‬جش ًڃنيخ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ڃزيأ حٿٌكيس حٗٷڀْڄْش حٿڄ‪٤‬ڀٶ ٿڀلٌ‪ ٝ‬حٿڄخثِ ًحٿٌُ ّٸٌٽ أڅ ڃـٍَ حٿنيَ ڃن ڃنز‪٬‬و اٿَ‬ ‫ڃ‪ٜ‬زو ىٌ ًكيس اٷڀْڄْش ًحكيس ً‪ٙ‬ري ڃن حٿلٴخ‪٫ ٥‬ڀَ ڃ‪٬‬يٽ حٿظيٳٶ ڃ‪ ٪‬ان٘خء حٿڄ٘خٍّ‪.٪‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ڃزيأ ح‪ٙ‬نظٴخ‪ ٩‬حٿڄ٘ظَٹ حٿٸخثپ أڅ حٿڄـٍَ حٿڄخثِ ڃن حٿڄنز‪ ٪‬اٿَ حٿڄ‪ٜ‬ذ ىٌ ڃڀټْش‬ ‫ڃ٘ظَٻش رْن حٿزڀيحڅ حٿڄظ٘خ‪٣‬جش ًرخٿظخٿِ ‪٫‬ڀْيخ حٗنٴخٵ ‪٫‬ڀَ أُ ڃًَ٘‪ّ ٩‬ٸ‪٫ ٪‬ڀَ‬ ‫حٿلٌ‪ ٝ‬ٳِ أُ ٷٔڂ ٳْو‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬ڃزيأ حٿڄنخٳ‪ ٪‬حٿڄظٌحُّش ٿيًٽ حٿلٌ‪ ٝ‬حٿڄخثِ ًحٿٌُ ّ‪ ِ٤٬‬حٿلٶ ٿټپ ىًٿش ڃن حٿلٌ‪ٝ‬‬ ‫ٳِ ‪َّ٣‬ٸش ح‪ٙ‬نظٴخ‪ ٩‬رخٿڄْخه ىًڅ حٗ‪َٟ‬حٍ رڄ‪ٜ‬خٿق حٿيًٽ حٕهٍَ أً ڃن‪ ٪‬حٿـَّخڅ أً‬ ‫طلٌّپ حٿڄـٍَ ٻڄخ ٳ‪٬‬ڀض اَّحڅ ڃ‪ ٪‬نيَ حٿټخًٍڅ كْن كٌٿض ڃئهًَح ڃ‪٨٬‬ڂ ڃْخىو‬ ‫ًأىص اٿَ حٍطٴخ‪ ٩‬نٔزش حٿظڀٌع ًحنوٴخ‪ ٝ‬ڃنخْٓذ ڃْخه ٗ‪ ٢‬حٿ‪َ٬‬د ًرخٿظخٿِ ىهٌٽ ڃْخه‬ ‫حٿوڀْؾ حٿ‪َ٬‬رِ حٿڄخٿلش اٿَ كيًى حٿز‪َٜ‬س‪.‬‬ ‫ٿڂ ط‪٨‬يَ أُ ڃ٘ټڀش ٷخنٌنْش رْن حٿيًٽ حٿؼ‪ٚ‬ع كظَ ريأص طَٻْخ ػڂ ٌٍّٓخ ٳِ ً‪ ٪ٟ‬حٿو‪٢٤‬‬ ‫‪ٓٙ‬ظٰ‪ٚ‬ٽ ڃْخه نيَ حٿٴَحص ًڃڄخ ّٔزذ حٿظٌطَ ڃ‪ ٪‬ؿخٍطِ طَٻْخ حنيخ ٷخڃض رزنخء ٓي ٻْزخڅ حٿٌُ‬ ‫‪251‬‬

‫رڀٮ كْنيخ ٓ‪٬‬ش حٿوِڅ ٳْو اٿَ ‪30,5‬ڃڀْخٍ ڃظَ ڃټ‪٬‬ذ ًان٘خء ڃل‪٤‬ش ٻيَرخثْش ٷٌطيخ هڄٔش‬ ‫ڃڀْخٍحص ٻْڀٌ ًح‪ ١‬أڃخ ٌٍّٓش ٳٸي ٷخڃض رزنخء ٓي ٻزَْ ‪٫‬ڀَ نيَ حٿٴَحص ّٔڄق رظوِّن حٿڄْخه‬ ‫رلـڂ حؿڄخٿِ ٷيٍه ‪11,9‬ڃڀْخٍ ڃظَ ڃټ‪٬‬ذ ًڃل‪٤‬ش ٻيَرخثْش رٸٌس ‪ 800‬أٿٲ ٻْڀٌ ًح‪ً ١‬ىټٌح‬ ‫ريأص ٻپ ڃن طَٻْخ ًٌٍّٓخ رظنٴٌْ ڃ٘خٍّ‪٬‬يخ رخٓظٰ‪ٚ‬ٽ ڃْخه حٿٴَحص ىًڅ ڃَح‪٫‬خس ٿلٸٌٵ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ‬ ‫حٿڄټظٔزش ٳِ ڃْخه حٿنيَ ًحٿظِ ٷيٍىخ حٿوزَحء كْنيخ د ‪ 18‬ڃڀْخٍ ڃظَ ڃټ‪٬‬ذ ڃن حٿڄْخه‬ ‫اڅ حڃظنخ‪ ٩‬طَٻْخ ٳِ ڃٌ‪٫ ٩ٌٟ‬ٸي حٿڄ‪٬‬خىيس ڃ‪ ٪‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ًٌٍّٓخ ط‪ٌ٬‬ى اٿَ ‪٫‬يس أٓزخد ڃنيخ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬أڅ طَٻْخ اًح ڃخ ٳټَص ٳِ ‪٫‬ٸي ڃ‪٬‬خىيس ٿظٸخٓڂ حٿڄْخه ٳٔظ‪٬‬ٸيىخ رًَ٘‪٣‬يخ ىِ‪ ،‬أُ‬ ‫أڅ طټٌڅ ىِ حٿ‪َ٤‬ٱ حًٕٽ ًحٕٷٌٍ‪ً ،‬ىٌح ڃخ حٻيه حٿَثْْ حٿظَٻِ حٿٔخرٶ ٓڀْڄخڅ‬ ‫ىّڄَّْپ ‪٫‬نيڃخ ٷخٽ‪ ٙ« :‬نٸزپ أڅ نٌٷ‪ ٪‬أّش ڃ‪٬‬خىيس ا‪ ٙ‬ربٍحىطنخ ً‪ّٔ ٙ‬ظ‪ ٪ْ٤‬أكي أڅ‬ ‫ّٴَ‪٫ ٝ‬ڀْنخ طٌٷْ‪٬‬يخ»‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬أٓزخرخ ْٓخْٓش ٻڂ ٷخٽ ر‪ ٞ٬‬حٿڄيظڄْن ريٌح حٿ٘ؤڅ ‪ ،‬ٳيِ طٔظويځ حٿڄْخه ٿڀ‪٢ٰ٠‬‬ ‫‪٫‬ڀَ ٌٍّٓخ ّزَُ ڃٌ‪ ٩ٌٟ‬ى‪٫‬ڂ ٌٍّٓخ ٿڄٸخطڀِ كِد حٿ‪٬‬ڄخٽ حٿټَىٓظخنِ ًڃ٘ټڀش ٿٌحء‬ ‫ح‪ٓٙ‬ټنيًٍنش‪ ،‬أڃخ ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ٳخٕڃَ ّظ‪٬‬ڀٶ ربٷڀْڂ ٻَىٓظخڅ ًهْ٘ش طَٻْخ ڃن حٓظٸ‪ٚ‬ٽ‬ ‫حٗٷڀْڂ حٕڃَ حٿٌُ ّٴـَ حٿڄٌٷٲ ٳِ ڃن‪٤‬ٸش ؿنٌد َٗٵ حٕنخ‪ٌٟ‬ٽ ًحص حٿٰخٿزْش‬ ‫حٿټَىّش‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬أىيحٱ حٷظ‪ٜ‬خىّش ٻڄخ ٷخٽ حهًَڅ ‪ ،‬كْغ طَّي طَٻْخ ڃن ه‪ٚ‬ٽ حٓظٰ‪ٚ‬ٽ ڃْخه‬ ‫ىؿڀش ًحٿٴَحص أڅ طوڀٶ طنڄْش رَّ٘ش ً‪ٛ‬نخ‪ْ٫‬ش ًٍُح‪ْ٫‬ش ٗكْخء حٿڄن‪٤‬ٸش حٿٴٸَْس‬ ‫طخٍّوْخً ٳِ ؿنٌد َٗٵ حٕنخ‪ٌٟ‬ٽ ًطلٌّڀيخ اٿَ ٓڀش ٿڀٌٰحء ٳِ حٿَ٘ٵ حًٕٓ‪٢‬‬ ‫ٿڀظٰڀذ ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿڄ٘ټڀش حٿنخؿڄش ‪٫‬ن ٳٸَىخ ڃن نخكْش ڃٌحٍى حٿ‪٤‬خٷش حٿ‪٤‬زْ‪ْ٬‬ش‪ ،‬حٿنٴ‪،٢‬‬ ‫حٿٰخُ‪ً ،‬رٸْش حٿڄ‪٬‬خىڅ‪ً ،‬حٓظؼڄخٍ ىٌح حٿظٴٌٵ ح‪ٙ‬ٷظ‪ٜ‬خىُ ٿڄٸخّ‪٠‬ظو رخٿنٴ‪ً ٢‬ڃ‪ٜ‬خىٍ‬ ‫حٿ‪٤‬خٷش حٕهٍَ ڃ‪ ٪‬ؿَْحنيخ حٿ‪َ٬‬د‪.‬‬ ‫‪252‬‬

‫اُخبرٔخ‪:‬‬ ‫ڃؼڀڄخ ٷڀنخ ٳِ ريحّش حٿزلغ اڅ كخٿش ٗلش ڃْخه حٿَحٳيّن ٿْٔض ڃن ح‪ٓٙ‬زخد حٿظِ طئىُ اٿَ كَد‬ ‫حً نِح‪ٔ٫ ٩‬ټَُ رْن حٿيًٽ حٿؼ‪ٚ‬ع ‪ٙ‬څ ڃخ ّڄن‪ً ٪‬ٿٺ حٓزخد ‪٫‬يّيس حًٿيخ ‪ ,‬اڅ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ًٌٍّٓخ‬ ‫ًطَٻْخ ىڂ حٷ‪٤‬خٍ حٓ‪ٚ‬ڃْش ڃظـخًٍس رْنيڂ ڃن حٿٌٗخثؾ ًحٿًَحر‪ ٢‬ڃخ ّڄن‪ ٪‬أُ ڃن طٌٔٽ ٿو نٴٔو‬ ‫أڅ ّليع ‪َٛ‬ح‪٫‬خ ‪ٔ٫‬ټًَّخ حً ّڄيي ٿو ‪ ,‬أڃخ ڃخ نٸڀنخه ‪٫‬ن ر‪ ٞ٬‬حٿْٔخْْٓن ح‪ٙ‬طَحٹ ًڃٌحٷٴيڂ‬ ‫حٿڄظ٘ـنش ڃن ىٌه حٿڄٔؤٿش ٳٸي حُّلٌح ‪٫‬ن حٿٔڀ‪٤‬ش ٳِ طَٻْخ رٴ‪٬‬پ حٿن‪٨‬خځ حٿْٔخِٓ حٿٸخثڂ ‪٫‬ڀَ‬ ‫ح‪ٙ‬نظٸخٽ حٿٔڀڄِ ٿڀٔڀ‪٤‬ش ‪,‬أً حنظٸڀٌح اٿَ ٍكڄش حلله ‪ً ,‬ػخنْخ اڅ نيَُ ىؿڀش ًحٿٴَحص ٻخنخ نيَّن‬ ‫ىحهڀْْن أرخڅ حٿلټڂ حٿ‪٬‬ؼڄخنِ ًّنٸ‪ٚ‬څ حٿڄْخه ڃن أٷڀْڂ حٕنخ‪ٌٟ‬ٽ اٿَ أٷڀْڄِ ٌٍّٓخ ًحٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ‬ ‫رٌ‪ّٙ‬خطو حٿؼ‪ٚ‬ع ػڂ ّ‪ٜ‬زخڅ ٳِ حٿوڀْؾ حٿ‪َ٬‬رِ ‪ ,‬حٿٌُ ٻخڅ طلض ح‪ٙ‬ىحٍس حٿ‪٬‬ؼڄخنْش ‪ً ,‬ػخٿغ ًٿٺ اڅ‬ ‫حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْْن ٻخڅ ٿيڂ ڃٌٷٴخ ڃظڄِْح أرخڅ حٿلَد رْن حٿـْٖ حٿ‪٬‬ؼڄخنِ ًحٿـْٖ ح‪ٙ‬نټڀُِْ ‪٫‬ڀَ‬ ‫حٍٕح‪ ِٟ‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش ‪ ,‬كْغ ٻخڅ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷٌْڅ ّڄيًڅ ح‪ٙ‬طَحٹ رخٿڄئنش ًحٿٔ‪ٚ‬ف ًٻ٘ٲ حٿڄٌحٷ‪٪‬‬ ‫ًطلَٻخص حٿـْٖ ح‪ٙ‬نټڀُِْ ‪ً ,‬ڃخ ڃ‪َ٬‬ٻش ك‪ٜ‬خٍ حٿټٌص ا‪ ٙ‬ىٿْپ كِ ًٍحث‪٫ ٪‬ن ىٌه حٿٌٷٴخص‬ ‫‪ًٍ ,‬حر‪٬‬خ ٳخنو ٿڂ ّ‪ٜ‬يٍ أُ ط‪َّٜ‬ق ‪٫‬يحثِ ڃن ‪َ٫‬حٷِ ‪ٟ‬ي حٕطَحٹ ٌٓحء أرخڅ حٿلټڂ حٿڄڀټِ أً‬ ‫حٿـڄيٌٍُ أً ٷزپ ح‪ٙ‬كظ‪ٚ‬ٽ حٕڃَّټِ ‪ ,‬رپ ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿ‪٬‬ټْ ٻخنض ىنخٿٺ حؿظڄخ‪٫‬خص ىًٍّش ًٿٸخءحص‬ ‫ڃؼڄَس ًطڂ طٌٷْ‪ ٪‬حطٴخٷْخص ػنخثْش ًػ‪ٚ‬ػْش ٿلپ ىٌه حٿڄ٘ټڀش ٻڄخ ًحڅ طَٻْخ طلَ‪ ٙ‬ىًڃخ ‪٫‬ڀَ‬ ‫ٓ‪ٚ‬ڃش حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ حٍ‪ٟ‬خ ًٗ‪٬‬زخ ًڃخ ڃٌٷٴيخ ڃن حٿًِٰ ح‪ٙ‬ڃَّټِ ح‪ ٙ‬ىٿْپ ‪٫‬ڀَ ًٿٺ ‪ً ,‬ڃنيخ ڃٌٷٴيخ‬ ‫طـخه حٿظَٻڄخڅ ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ كْغ ٻخڅ ىنخٹ ڃن ّي‪ ٌ٫‬اٿَ ڃئحٍُطيڂ ڃن ٷزپ طَٻْخ ٿڀل‪ٌٜ‬ٽ‬ ‫‪٫‬ڀَ أٷڀْڂ ڃنٴَى ٳِ ٻَٻٌٹ ‪.‬‬ ‫أڃخ ڃٌٷٲ ڃـڀْ حٿنٌحد حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ ٷزپ ٳظَس ًؿِْس ‪٫‬نيڃخ أًٷٲ حٿظ‪ٜ‬يّٶ ‪٫‬ڀَ ح‪ٙ‬طٴخٷْش‬ ‫حٗٓظَحطْـْش حٿڄِڃ‪ ٪‬طٌٷْ‪٬‬يخ ڃ‪ ٪‬طَٻْخ‪ ،‬ڃ٘ظَ‪٣‬خ أڅ طٌٷ‪ ٪‬طَٻْخ حطٴخٷْش حٿڄْخه ڃ‪ ٪‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ٳٸي‬ ‫ٻخڅ ٯَْ ڃٌٳٶ ‪ٕ ,‬نو ٻخڅ ‪٫‬ڀَ ڃن طزخكغ ڃ‪ ٪‬حٿـخنذ حٿظَٻِ ـ ًىِ حٿلټٌڃش ًحٿڄٔئًٿٌڅ‬ ‫ٳِ ًُحٍس حٿڄٌحٍى حٿڄخثْش ًڃنيڂ حٿٌَُّ حٿٔخرٶ ًىٌ ڃن حٿظلخٿٲ حٿټَىٓظخنِ ًنْٔذ ٍثْْ‬ ‫حٿـڄيٌٍّش ح‪ٟ‬خٳش اٿَ اڅ حٿٸخثڄْن ‪٫‬ڀَ ڃڀٲ حٿڄْخه ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ُؿڀيڂ ڃن ٯَْ حٿڄوظ‪ْٜ‬ن ًٿْْ‬ ‫ٿيڂ ىٍحّش رخٿٸخنٌڅ حٿيًٿِ حً ح‪ٙ‬طٴخٷْخص حٿڄٌٷ‪٬‬و ٓخرٸخ ڃ‪ ٪‬طَٻْخ كٌٽ حٕنيخٍ حٿيًٿْش‪ً ،‬حٿڀـخڅ‬ ‫حٿڄوظ‪ٜ‬ش رخٿڄْخه ًحٿٍِح‪٫‬ش ٳِ ڃـڀْ حٿنٌحد حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ ‪ ٙ‬طڀڂ رظو‪ٜٜ‬خطيخ ًٿْْ ٿيخ ‪٫‬ڀڂ حً‬ ‫هڀٴْخص ٷخنٌنْش ًطٴخً‪ْٟ‬ش ‪٫‬ن ڃٔؤٿش ڃْخه ح‪ٙ‬نيخٍ ـ ٷزپ حٕ‪٫‬يحى ٿيٌه ح‪ٙ‬طٴخٷْش اڅ ّزلغ ڃٔؤٿش‬ ‫حٕنيخٍ حٿڄ٘ظَٻش ‪ ٙ ,‬اڅ ّٰٴپ ًٿٺ ػڂ ّظڂ حٕ‪ٚ٫‬څ ‪٫‬نيخ ٳـؤس ًٻؤنيخ كخٿش ‪٣‬خٍثش ًٿْٔض‬ ‫ڃٌؿٌىس ڃنٌ ‪٫‬ٸٌى ‪ً ,‬ٻؤڅ ىنخٹ ڃن أٍحىىخ كـش ‪٫‬ڀَ طَٻْخ ٿ‪٬‬يځ طٌٷْ‪ ٪‬ح‪ٙ‬طٴخٷْش حٿظِ ٳِ‬ ‫ؿٌحنذ ‪٫‬يّيس ڃنيخ طو‪ ٚ‬ٷ‪ْ٠‬ش ح‪ٙ‬ٻَحى ٳِ طَٻْخ ‪ ,‬ٿټن حٿڄ‪ٚ‬ؿ‪ ٦‬اڅ طَٻْخ ٿڂ ط٘ظَ‪ ١‬حريح‬ ‫‪253‬‬

‫ٷ‪ْ٠‬ش ح‪ٙ‬ٻَحى ٳِ طَٻْخ ڃ‪ ٪‬ڃٔؤٿش حٿڄْخه حٿڄظيٳٸش ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ڃؼڀڄخ ‪٣‬ڀذ حٿَثْْ حٿظَٻِ‬ ‫طٌٍٻٌص حًُحٽ ڃن ٌٍّٓخ ‪٫‬خځ ‪ 1987‬رخڅ طظٌٷٲ ‪٫‬ن ى‪٫‬ڂ كِد حٿ‪٬‬ڄخٽ حٿټَىٓظخنِ ڃٸخرپ‬ ‫طًِّيىخ رـ ‪ 12‬ڃڀْخٍ ڃظَ ڃټ‪٬‬ذ ًٷخٽ كْنيخ حٿنٴ‪ ٢‬ٿڀ‪َ٬‬د ًحٿڄخء ٿظَٻْخ!!‬ ‫اڅ كپ ڃٔؤٿش ٗلش حٿڄْخه ٳِ ىؿڀش ًحٿٴَحص رْٔ‪ ٢‬ؿيح ڃخىحڃض حٿنٌحّخ كٔنش ًحٿٸڀٌد ‪ٛ‬خٳْش‬ ‫ًىٌ حٿڀـٌء ر٘ټپ ڃټؼٲ ًڃ‪٬‬ڄٶ ً‪٫‬ڀڄِ ڃ‪ ٪‬طَٻْخ ًحٿَؿٌ‪ ٩‬اٿَ ح‪ٙ‬طٴخٷْخص حٿڄٌٷ‪٬‬ش رْن‬ ‫حٿزڀيّن ًحٿٌٷٌٱ ‪٫‬ڀَ ‪٣‬ڀزخطيخ حٿٴنْش ٳْڄخ ّو‪ ٚ‬ط‪َّٜ‬ٲ حٿڄْخه ًح‪ٓٙ‬ظٴخىس ڃنيخ ‪ٙ‬څ طَٻْخ ٿن‬ ‫طٸزپ حريح اڅ ط‪ َ٠‬ؿخٍس ڃٔڀڄش ً‪ِِّ٫‬س ‪٫‬ڀْيخ ڃؼپ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ًحٿٌُ ٿڂ ّڀـؤ اٿَ حٿـخڃ‪٬‬ش حٿ‪َ٬‬رْش‬ ‫حً حٿڄن‪٨‬ڄخص حٿيًٿْش حً ڃلخٻڂ حٿ‪٬‬يٽ حٿيًٿْش حً اٿَ حٿظلټْڂ حٿ‪٬‬خځ ٿڀ٘ټٌٍ ڃن طَٻْخ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪254‬‬

2006 / 1427 2007 9 1 2007-1-11 o 2007 3 9 o 2007 11 17   255     

2008 8 30 2008 1 5   2008 5 16  2009 4 4  2009 6 26  2010 1 30  2010 5 15  2011 9 8 7  2012 1 7 6  - 1 2 256

3 - -     1 / 2009 31 257

2 3 4      258

     50 http://www.iraqnewspaper.net http://www.independencenews.net http://www.iraqicss.org 259

Center Overview A specialized research foundation that mainly works on conducting studies and strategic researches on Iraqi Affairs. This is according to an objective point of view that aims at enriching the Academic literature, contributing and investing in the Iraqi potentials in order to correct and develop the process of building the Iraqi state. The Center was established in Baghdad in 1427 AH/ 2006 AD The Center includes several departments each according to the center interests and structure. These departments are supervised by experts and specialists in Political sciences and relevant fields. Center Objectives: o The center seeks to study, analyze and foresee the political, economic, and security developments in Iraq, and its effects on the country and the Arab region's future. o Raise the scientific awareness to the Iraqi and international public opinions in the facts of the current events in Iraq and to communicate with the politicians, researchers, and individuals concerned with the Iraqi Issue. Center Strategy ■ Adopt objectivism and neutralism in all of the center's activities ■ Full independence in financing and the management of the center activities. 260

■ Adopt the analytical approach in the issues on hand, to focus and emphasize on the freedom of speech. Seminars held by the Center:  Possibilities of a Civil War in Iraq … Amman 11/1/2007  The Oil Future in Iraq … Amman 9/3/2007  The Military Body and its Role in Realizing Political Stability in Iraq … Amman 01/09/2007  Iraq partition : A Critical Perspective … Amman 17/11/2007  The General Budget and the Iraqi Economy Crisis … Amman 05/ 01/2008  National Unity Future in Iraq under the Current Political Status … Amman 30/8/2008  The Future Building of the Iraqi State o… Analytical prospective… Amman 16/5/2008  Toward an Arabs Strategy for Iraq … Amman 4/4/2009  Iraqi women under the new development in the country … Baghdad 26/6/2009  The Iraqi future after the general election of 2010… Amman 30/1/2010  Iraq after the general election of 2010… Amman 15/5/2010  Towards new Arab order… Cairo 7-8/9/2011  Iraq after the USA military withdrawal… Istanbul 6-7/1/2012 Center's Releases: Seminars Facts: 1. Possibilities of a Civil War in Iraq: Questions and mutual Visions 261

Include a full coverage of the debates and papers discussed, as well as the recommendations resulting from it, in the seminar and the discussion sessions The seminar attempted to answer a frequently asked question by many Iraqi's and Arab's and that is: is the fighting, assassinations and repeated assaults in civilian neighborhoods, immigration and displacements of its people in and out of Iraq, happening in Iraq and other shapes of violence is a civil war similar to what happened in Lebanon and Rwanda? Or that we are witnessing the implementation of a foreign conspiracy? And if the answer is no, then what is the reason behind these acts and what are the adds for a civil war to erupt in Iraq? And did the Iraqi people have the ability to prevent it? 2. Oil Future in Iraq: This release focused on illustrating the seminar held under the title Oil Future in Iraq in the light of the Suggested Oil and Gas Law which the scholars reached that it is an additional factor to the factors of destabilizing the political situation and effecting the sovereignty of Iraq, in addition to that this is considered strengthening the foreign companies domination over the main resource of the Iraqi national income. 3. Iraq partition : A Critical Perspective This release shed the light on the prepared scenarios to divide Iraq, and the papers participating in the seminar the facts and effects of these foreign plans and strategies to change the political and geographical map of Iraq according to its best interest or to foreign agenda 262

Iraqi Affairs Magazine: the magazine mainly publishing studies, analysis, political, economical and security deployments underway in Iraq, This periodical magazine published three series yet. - Books Published: Dr. Monther Al-Shawi Dr. Monther Al-Shawi  Legal Books Releases Series - Law and Life - Law theory in the Comprehensive Ideologies  Political Books Releases Series: - Relation between the Government and the Opposition In the Arab World By: Dr. Wisal Ezzawi & Dr. Ahmad Adnan  Cultural Books Releases Series: - I Love You Baghdad Dr. Mohammad Saleh AlMisfer - Periodicals: The center publish 4 monthly periodicals includes the following titles: 1. Iraqi Rasid Periodical: which is a series aims to monitor the most important events and developments that is related or effect Iraq; so far the following topics issued: - America Early Aging - Results of the survey on the Iraqi Municipal Election 263

- Municipalities Boards Elections in 31 Jan 2009/ Analytical study 2. Terminology Periodical: a sequence focuses on the scientific documentation of the connotations of the terms, concepts and search for its origin and especially those connected to the contemporary, regional and international developments influencing Iraq, it has published:  the Government and the Opposition Concept  Moral Values and Human Rights  Tribe In Iraq 3. Wathaeq (Documents) Periodical: Is series show the historical documents adopted internationally regarding the modern history of Iraq without any interference from the Center: I has published: - The British- Kurdish Relations - Municipalities Boards Election Law 4. Afkar Mutarjamah Periodical: A series aims at showing and disseminate the International Literature regarding the issues and influencing on Iraq, the following publications has been published: - Retain the Political Stability and the American Influence in Iraq - How Will this War End? Round Tables: Each Month the center organizing at least one round table concerning the most important new developments in Iraq. The participants are mostly academics, politicians, economists and expert in Iraqi affairs. 264

The center also inviting and hosting Iraqis, Arabs and internationals experts discussing ways and means to strength cooperation. The following are titles of a number of round tables had been hold in the recent past:  The Iraqi political crises and the future of the country under the recent development.  Facts on the current political process in Iraq.  Iraq between initiatives and interventions.  Fidralizime in Iraq: the roads and the last station.  The current protests in Iraq and the demands for changing and reforms.  The Turkish Justices and Development Party in power and the future Iraq-Turkey relation.  Iraqi Debathification Law: critical view.  The Security Companies activities in Iraq.  The withdrawal of the Iraqiya coalition from the council of representatives (CoR): (critical view). Iraq Electronic Journal The center daily broadcasting an electronic news journal (Iraq journal) this journal reaches over 50000 members which includes official institutions, political quarters, research center, political parties, academics and others. This daily news journal is starting by a daily article which mostly written by staff members of the ICSS and mostly concentrate and analysis the most impartment subjects in relation with Iraqis political live, the website of the Iraq electronic Journal http://www.iraqnewspaper.net 265

The website of the agency independence news http://www.independencenews.net Special reports The ICSS issuing every month a special report concentrate on the most important political stories that Iraq, Arab words and international community had been lived through. Interviews and Media Coverage Word wide media in general and Iraqi media in partially are most the time interviewing and calling the staff members off ICSS; it is there for the ICSS has a good repetition in Iraq and the region. Conferences & Round tables The ICSS and its members regularly engaging in conferences, round tables, workshops and other activates with other research centers round the world are organizing. ICSS Website The ICSS website designed to show a presentation on its activities and mostly concentrate on the most important daily developments in Iraq. http://www.iraqicss.org 266

‫( ٓغِخ شئ‪ ٕٝ‬ػشاه‪٤‬خ )‬ ‫ع‪٤‬بعخ اُ٘شش‬ ‫ڃـڀش ٗئًڅ ‪َ٫‬حٷْش ڃـڀش ىًٍّش ٳ‪ٜ‬ڀْش ‪،‬طظنخًٽ رخٿَ‪ٛ‬ي ًحٿظلڀْپ ڃـڄپ حٿظ‪ٌٍ٤‬حص‬ ‫حٿْٔخْٓش ًحٗٷظ‪ٜ‬خىّش ًحٗؿظڄخ‪ْ٫‬ش ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ر‪٬‬ي حٗكظ‪ٚ‬ٽ ًان‪٬‬ټخٓخطيخ حٿڄٔظٸزڀْش ‪٫‬ڀَ‬ ‫حٿڄن‪٤‬ٸش‪ .‬ط‪ٜ‬يٍ‪٫‬ن حٿڄَٻِحٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ ٿڀيٍحٓخص حٗٓظَحطْـْش ‪ً ،‬ىِ ڃنزَ ٿټپ حٿزخكؼْن‬ ‫ًحٿڄٴټَّن حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْْن ًحٿ‪َ٬‬د ٳِ طو‪ٜٜ‬خص حٿ‪٬‬ڀٌځ حٿْٔخْٓش ًحٗٷظ‪ٜ‬خىّش ًحٗؿظڄخ‪ْ٫‬ش‬ ‫ًحٿيٳخ‪ْ٫‬ش ‪ -‬حٕڃنْش ‪ً .‬طلَ‪ ٙ‬حٿڄـڀش ٳِ ن٘خ‪٣‬يخ حٿ‪٬‬ڀڄِ ‪٫‬ڀَ طَزنِ ڃنيؾ نٸيُ ‪ّٙ‬ټظٴِ رَٔى‬ ‫حٿڄ‪٬‬ڀٌڃخص ًطلڀْڀيخ‪،‬رپ ّيظڂ ٻٌٿٺ ر‪َ٤‬ف ٍإٍ ٳټَّش طلٸْٸْش ٿڀٸ‪٠‬خّخ ڃٌ‪ ٪ٟ‬حٿزلغ‪ً،‬طظْق‬ ‫ٿڀزخكؼْن ڃن حٿڄَٻِ ًٿڀ‪ٌْ٠‬ٱ ڃن حٿزخكؼْن‪ ،‬حٿلَّش ٳِ حٿظ‪٬‬زَْ‪٫‬ن آٍحثيڂ ٳِ كيًى ٷٌح‪٫‬ي‬ ‫حٿڄٌ‪ْ٫ٌٟ‬ش ًطٸخٿْي حٿزلغ حٿ‪٬‬ڀڄِ ‪.‬‬ ‫ًطٔظٸزپ حٿيٍحٓخص ًحٿزلٌع حٿظِ ط‪٬‬خٿؾ ٷ‪٠‬خّخ كٌّْش ٿڀڄـظڄ‪ً ٪‬حٿڄٌح‪٣‬ن حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ ًحٿ‪َ٬‬رِ ‪،‬‬ ‫‪٫‬ڀَ أڅ طظلڀَ حٿزلٌع حٿڄٸيڃش ٿڀنَ٘ رټپ ڃٌح‪ٛ‬ٴخص حٿزلغ حٿ‪٬‬ڀڄِ ڃن حٿڄٌ‪ْ٫ٌٟ‬ش ًحٿلْخىّش‬ ‫ًحٗرظ‪٬‬خى ‪٫‬ن حٿنيؾ حٿٌُ ٷي ّل‪٫ ٞ‬ڀَ حٿ‪٤‬خثٴْش ًحٿڄٌىزْش ‪.‬‬ ‫ه‪ٞ‬اػذ اُ٘شش ‪-:‬‬ ‫ّ٘ظَ‪ ١‬ٳِ حٿزلٌع حٿظِ طٸيځ ٿڀنَ٘ ٳِ ڃـڀش ٗئًڅ ‪َ٫‬حٷْش ‪ ،‬ڃخ ّؤطِ ‪-:‬‬ ‫‪ - 1‬أڅ طظٌحٳٶ حٿڄخىس حٿ‪٬‬ڀڄْش ٿڀزلغ ڃ‪ ٪‬حٕهظ‪ٜ‬خ‪ٛ‬خص حٿ‪٬‬ڀڄْش حٿظِ طـُ‪٬‬نَ ريخ حٿڄـڀش‪ً.‬طَكذ‬ ‫حٿڄـڀش رخٿيٍحٓخص حٿڄٸخٍنش ‪ً ،‬ط٘ـ‪٫ ٪‬ڀَ اڃټخنْش حٿظټخڃپ رْن حٗهظ‪ٜ‬خ‪ٛ‬خص حٿظِ طيظڂ ريخ‬ ‫حٿڄـڀش ڃن ه‪ٚ‬ٽ حٿزلٌع أً حٿيٍحٓخص حٿڄ٘ظَٻش ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -2‬اٷَحٍ ڃن حٿزخكغ رؤڅ رلؼو ٿڂ ّٔزٶ نَ٘ه ‪ً ،‬أنو ٿْْ ڃٸيڃخ ٿڀنَ٘ ٳِ ڃـڀش أهٍَ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ّ -3‬ٴ‪٠‬پ أڅ ‪ِّّٙ‬ي حٿزلغ ڃ‪ ٪‬حٿڄ‪ٜ‬خىٍ ًحٿيٌحڃٖ ‪٫‬ڀَ ( ‪ٛ )16‬ٴلش ڃ‪٤‬زٌ‪٫‬ش ‪٫‬ڀَ ًٍٵ‬ ‫)‪ً (A4‬أڅ ‪ّ ٙ‬ٸپ حٿزلغ ‪٫‬ن (‪ٛ )10‬ٴلخص ڃ‪٤‬زٌ‪٫‬ش ‪ُ .‬ڃ‪٠‬خٱ ٿو نزٌس ٷ‪َْٜ‬س طظ‪٠‬ڄن ‪٫‬نٌحڅ‬ ‫حٿزخكغ ًحٿَْٔس حٿ‪٬‬ڀڄْش حٿظِ ط٘ظڄپ ‪٫‬ڀَ أن٘‪٤‬ش ًانـخُحص حٿزخكغ حٿ‪٬‬ڀڄْش‪.‬‬ ‫‪267‬‬

‫‪ -4‬طو‪ ٪٠‬حٿزلٌع ًحٿيٍحٓخص حٿَ حٿظٸٌّڂ حٿ‪٬‬ڀڄِ ڃن ٷزپ أػنْن ڃن حٿوزَحء ّظڂ اهظْخٍىڂ ڃن‬ ‫ٷزپ حٿٔخىس أ‪٠٫‬خء حٿيْجش حٗٓظ٘خٍّش ٿڀڄـڀش ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -5‬طٸٌځ ىْجش حٿظلََّ ربه‪٤‬خٍ حٿٔخىس حٿزخكؼْن ڃن أ‪ٛ‬لخد حٿزلٌع‪ ،‬رؤؿخُس رلٌػيڂ‬ ‫ٿڀنَ٘‪ً،‬ٿڀيْجش اڅ ط‪٤‬ڀذ اؿَحء ط‪٬‬يّ‪ٚ‬ص ‪٫‬ڀڄْش ًٿٌّٰش ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿزلغ ٷزپ اؿخُطو ٿڀنَ٘ ‪ ،‬ٻڄخ أڅ‬ ‫ٿڀڄـڀش حٿلٶ ٳِ اىهخٽ ٷيٍ ڃن حٿظلََّ ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿزلٌع حٿ ُڄـخُس ٿڀنَ٘‪ً .‬طئًٽ كٸٌٵ حٿنَ٘ حٿَ‬ ‫ڃـڀش ٗئًڅ ‪َ٫‬حٷْش ‪ً ،‬طٸيځ ٿڀزخكغ ػ‪ٚ‬ع نٔن ڃن حٿ‪٬‬يى حٿٌُ نَ٘ ٳْو حٿزلغ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -6‬طنَ٘ حٿڄـڀش ڃَحؿ‪٬‬خص حٿټظذ حٿليّؼش حٿظِ طظٴٶ ڃ‪ ٪‬اهظ‪ٜ‬خ‪ ٙ‬حٿڄـڀش ًاىظڄخڃخطيخ حٿ‪٬‬ڀڄْش ‪،‬‬ ‫ڃن حٿټظذ حٿظِ ‪ّٙ‬ظـخًُ طؤٍّن ا‪ٛ‬يحٍىخ حٿ‪٬‬خځ حٿٌحكي ‪ًّٙ ،‬نزِٰ أڅ ِّّي كـڂ حٿڄَحؿ‪٬‬ش‬ ‫‪٫‬ن(‪ٛ )4 -2‬ٴلخص ‪ًّ٘ ،‬ظَ‪ ١‬أ‪ ٙ‬طنَ٘ حٿڄَحؿ‪٬‬ش ٳِ أّش ڃـڀش أهٍَ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -7‬ٿڀڄـڀش كٶ ا‪٫‬خىس نَ٘ حٿڄٌحى حٿڄنٌٍ٘س ‪ ،‬ڃنٴ‪ٜ‬ڀش أً ‪ٟ‬ڄن ٻظخد رڀٰظو حٕ‪ٛ‬ڀْش أً ڃظَؿڄخ‬ ‫ً حٿَ ٿٰش أهٍَ ڃن ىًڅ حٿلخؿش حٿَ ڃٌحٳٸش ‪ٛ‬خكزيخ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ّ -8‬ظڂ آٍخٽ أ‪ٛ‬پ حٿزلغ حٿَ ‪٫‬نٌحڅ حٿڄَٻِحٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ ٿڀيٍحٓخص حٗٓظَحطْـْش رٌحٓ‪٤‬ش حٿزَّي‬ ‫حٕٿټظًَنِ ‪.) [email protected]) :‬‬ ‫‪ -9‬ؿڄْ‪ ٪‬حٍٓحء حٿٌحٍىس ٳِ حٿڄـڀش طـّ‪٬‬زَ ‪٫‬ن آٍحء ٻخطزْيخ ً‪ ٙ‬طـّ‪٬‬زَ رخٿ‪ًٍَ٠‬س ‪٫‬ن ًؿيش‬ ‫ن‪ َ٨‬حٿڄـڀش أً حٿڄَٻِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ ٿڀيٍحٓخص حٗٓظَحطْـْش ‪.‬‬ ‫ٓوزشؽبد ٓ‪ٞ‬ػ‪ٞ‬ػبد ُِجؾش ك‪ٓ ٢‬غِخ شئ‪ ٕٝ‬ػشاه‪٤‬خ ‪-:‬‬ ‫● أُ‪ٞ‬ػ‪ٞ‬ػبد اُغ‪٤‬بع‪٤‬خ‬ ‫‪ -‬حٿ‪٬‬ڄڀْش حٿْٔخْٓش ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪..‬ڃٔخٍحطيخ ًحٿٸٌٍ حٿڄئػَس ٳْيخ ًطيح‪ْ٫‬خطيخ ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿٌ‪ ٪ٟ‬حٕڃنِ‬ ‫ًحٕؿظڄخ‪. ِ٫‬‬ ‫‪٫ -‬ڄڀْش رنخء ڃئٓٔخص حٿيًٿش حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش ر‪٬‬ي حٗكظ‪ٚ‬ٽ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬اىحء حٿڄئٓٔخص حٿَٓڄْش ًٯَْ حٿَٓڄْش ًىًٍىخ ٳِ ڃٔظٸزپ حٕٓظٸَحٍ حٿْٔخِٓ‬ ‫ٳِ حٿ‪٬‬ـَحٵ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ىًٍحٿظ٘ټْ‪ٚ‬ص حٿلټٌڃْش حٿڄظ‪٬‬خٷزش ًڃٔخٍحص حٿ‪٬‬ڄڀْش حٿْٔخْٓش ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪268‬‬

‫‪ -‬حٿڄٸخًڃش حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش حٿٌ‪٣‬نْش ‪ ..‬حٕىيحٱ ‪..‬حٿظليّخص ‪..‬حٕنـخُحص ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ىًٍ حٿڄٸخًڃش حٿٌ‪٣‬نْش ٳِ طلـْڂ ًط‪ْ٤٬‬پ حٿڄًَ٘‪ ٩‬حٕڃَْٻِ ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ًحٿڄن‪٤‬ٸش‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ىًٍ حٿظن‪ْ٨‬ڄخص حٿڄٔڀلش ٯَْ حٿَٓڄْش (حٿڄْڀْْ٘خص ) ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ڃ‪٤‬خٿذ حٿٴْيٍحٿْش ًان‪٬‬ټخٓخطيخ ‪٫‬ڀَ ڃٔظٸزپ حٿٌكيس حٿٌ‪٣‬نْش ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ى‪٫‬خًٍ حٿٴْيٍحٿْش ًان‪٬‬ټخٓخطيخ ‪٫‬ڀَ ڃٔظٸزپ حٿؼًَس حٿنٴ‪ْ٤‬ش ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬حٿظټٌّنخص حٗؿظڄخ‪ْ٫‬ش ًحٿظَْْٰحص حٿـخٍّش ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿظَٻْزش حٿٔټخنْش (حٿ‪َ٬‬ٷْش ‪ ،‬حٿ‪٤‬خثٴْش حٿڄٌىزْش‬ ‫ًحٿ‪٤‬زٸْش) ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬أػَ حٿٌ‪ٙ‬ءحص حٿ‪٤‬خثٴْش ًحٿڄٌىزْش ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿٌحٷ‪ ٪‬حٿْٔخِٓ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ىًٍ حٿڄَؿ‪ْ٬‬خص حٿيّنْش ٳِ طلٸْٶ حٗٓظٸَحٍ حٿْٔخِٓ ًحٿڄـظڄ‪ ِ٬‬ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ىًٍ حٿٸٌٍ حٿيّنْش ًحٿ‪٘٬‬خثَّش ٳِ حٿلْخس حٿْٔخْٓش ٿڀ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪.‬‬ ‫● أُ‪ٞ‬ػ‪ٞ‬ػبد الاهزظبد‪٣‬خ‬ ‫‪ -‬ڃٔظٸزپ حٕٷظ‪ٜ‬خى حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ ر‪٬‬ي حٕكظ‪ٚ‬ٽ حٕڃَْٻِ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬حٿٸيٍس حٿظنخٳْٔش ٿڀٸ‪٤‬خ‪٫‬خص حٗٷظ‪ٜ‬خىّش حٿَثْٔش ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬حٓٿْخص حٗٷظ‪ٜ‬خىّش ٿظ‪ ِِّ٬‬حٿٌكيس حٿٌ‪٣‬نْش ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ىًٍ ٍأّ حٿڄخٽ حٿٌ‪٣‬نِ ٳِ طلٸْٶ حٿظنڄْش ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ىًٍ حٿزَؿٌحُّش حٿٌ‪٣‬نْش ٳِ طلٸْٶ حٕٓظٸَحٍ حٿْٔخِٓ ًحٗٷظ‪ٜ‬خىُ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ىًٍ ٍأّ حٿڄخٽ حٿٌ‪٣‬نِ ٳِ ا‪٫‬خىس ا‪٫‬ڄخٍحٿزنَ حٿظلظْش حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬آٳخٵ حٕٓظؼڄخٍ حٗٷظ‪ٜ‬خىُ ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ‪ ..‬حٿٴَ‪ ٙ‬حٿڄظخكش ًحٿظليّخص ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ٷٌحنْن حٗٓظؼڄخٍ ًىًٍىخ ٳِ كپ ڃ٘خٻپ حٗٷظ‪ٜ‬خى حٿٌ‪٣‬نِ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ٍ -‬إٍ ڃٔظٸزڀْش كٌٽ ٷٌحنْن حٗٓظؼڄخٍ ٳِ حٿٸ‪٤‬خ‪ ٩‬حٿنٴ‪. ِ٤‬‬ ‫‪269‬‬

‫‪ -‬ٷ‪ْ٠‬ش حٕٷخٿْڂ حٿڄٸظَكش ًڃٔظٸزپ حٿؼًَس حٿنٴ‪ْ٤‬ش ‪.‬‬ ‫● أُ‪ٞ‬ػ‪ٞ‬ػبد الاعزٔبػ‪٤‬خ‬ ‫‪ -‬حٿْٔخٓش ح‪ٙ‬ؿظڄخ‪ْ٫‬ش حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش‬ ‫‪ -‬حٓػخٍ حٕؿظڄخ‪ْ٫‬ش ٿٖكظ‪ٚ‬ٽ حٕڃَْٻِ ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿڄـظڄ‪ ٪‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬حٿيـَس ًحٿظيـَْ ًحن‪٬‬ټخٓخطيخ ‪٫‬ڀَ حٿڄـظڄ‪ ٪‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷِ‬ ‫‪ -‬حٕىحء حٿلټٌڃِ ًڃٔظٌٍ حٿويڃخص حٗؿظڄخ‪ْ٫‬ش ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬حٓػخٍ حٗؿظڄخ‪ْ٫‬ش ًحٗٷظ‪ٜ‬خىّش ًحٕڃنْش ٿٸَحٍ كپ ر‪ ٞ٬‬حٿڄئٓٔخص حٿلټٌڃْش ‪.‬‬ ‫● أُ‪ٞ‬ػ‪ٞ‬ػبد اُؼغٌش‪٣‬خ ‪ٝ‬الاعزشار‪٤‬غ‪٤‬خ‬ ‫‪ -‬حٿظيح‪ْ٫‬خص حٿْٔخْٓش ًحٕڃنْش ٿٸَحٍ كپ حٿڄئٓٔش حٿ‪ٔ٬‬ټَّش حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ڃٔظٸزپ حٿڄئٓٔش حٿ‪ٔ٬‬ټَّش ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ر‪٬‬ي حٗكظ‪ٚ‬ٽ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ٷَحءس ٳِ حٿ‪٬‬ٸْيس حٿ‪ٔ٬‬ټَّش حٿٸظخٿْش حٿـيّيس ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ا‪٫‬خىس طؤىْپ حٿڄئٓٔخص حٕڃنْش ٳِ ‪٧‬پ حٗكظ‪ٚ‬ٽ ‪ ..‬حٕىيحٱ ًحٿظليّخص ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ڃٔظٸزپ حٿٌؿٌى حٿ‪ٔ٬‬ټَُ حٕڃَْٻِ ٳِ حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ‪ٍ ..‬إٍ ڃظزخىٿش ‪.‬‬ ‫● اُؼلاهبد اُذ‪٤ُٝ‬خ ‪ٝ‬اُغ‪٤‬بعخ اُخبسع‪٤‬خ‬ ‫‪ -‬ڃٔظٸزپ حٿْٔخٓش حٿوخٍؿْش حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش ٳِ ‪٧‬پ حٿظ‪ٌٍ٤‬حص حٿْٔخْٓش حٿَحىنش ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ڃٌٷ‪ ٪‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ٳِ حٗٓظَحطْـْش حٗڃَْٻْش حٿـيّيس ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬حٿيًٍ حٿـيّي ٿڀ‪َ٬‬حٵ ٳِ أڃظيحىحص كڀٲ ٗڄخٽ حٕ‪٣‬ڀِٔ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ڃټخنش حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ٳِ حٿظ٘ټْڀش حٗڃنْش حٕٷڀْڄْش ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ڃٔظٸزپ حٿ‪ٚ٬‬ٷخص حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش ڃ‪ ٪‬ىًٽ ڃـڀْ حٿظ‪٬‬خًڅ حٿوڀْـِ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪270‬‬

‫‪ -‬ڃٔظٸزپ حٿ‪ٚ٬‬ٷخص حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش حٿ‪َ٬‬رْش‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ًحٿـخڃ‪٬‬ش حٿ‪َ٬‬رْش‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ڃٔظٸزپ حٿ‪ٚ٬‬ٷخص حٿ‪َ٬‬حٷْش ڃ‪ ٪‬ىًٽ حٿـٌحٍٯَْ حٿ‪َ٬‬رِ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ًح‪ٙ‬طلخى ح‪ًٍٙ‬رِ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬حٿ‪َ٬‬حٵ ًحٿيًٽ ح‪ٌّْٓٙ‬ش ًح‪ٙ‬ٳَّٸْش ًحڃَّټخ حٿ‪ٚ‬طْنْش‪.‬‬ ‫‪271‬‬