202110211-APEX-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-SOCIAL_STUDIES-G09-PART1

CHAPTER 15-INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE (ii) Identify the image and write about it. CHAPTER 15. INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE 199

CHAPTER 15-INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE (iii) Look at the given map and answer the following questions. i. Write the name of some iron and coal manufacturing areas. ii. Which country was known as “workshop of the world”? iii. Why was the particular country known as “workshop of the world”? iv. Mention two clustered iron and coal manufacturing areas. CHAPTER 15. INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE 200

CHAPTER 15-INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE (iv) Look at the given map and answer the following questions i. Name some cotton textile manufacturing areas in Britain. 201 ii. Before Industrialization, what did England do? iii. How did England use its colonial powers to develop their industries? CHAPTER 15. INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE

CHAPTER 15-INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE iv. Which industries were developed in England during the period of Industrial Revolution? AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Short Answer Type Questions 10. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Why do you think that the condition of child laborers was horrible at that time? Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 11. Choose the correct answer. (i) The first steam locomotive, Stephenson’s Rocket, appeared in (A) 1810 (B) 1871 (C) 1814 (D) 1841 (ii) Alfred Krupp had established a small iron foundry at Essen in (A) 1801 (B) 1810 (C) 1081 (D) 1881 (iii) ___________was the country to experience modern industrialization. (A) Britain (B) Germany (C) England (D) Holland (iv) The first railway line made a distance of miles. (A) 7 (B) 9 (C) 11 (D) 19 (v) Canals were initially built to transport coal to (A) foreign (B) cities (C) states (D) villages CHAPTER 15. INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE 202

CHAPTER 15-INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE (vi) Industrialization began in England in century. (A) 15th (B) 16th (C) 17th (D) 18th (vii) In England, coal was available closer to many important __________. (A) Harbours (B) Roads (C) Canal (D) Industries (viii) Developments were achieved by Britain, US and____________. (A) France (B) Germany (C) India (D) Belgium (ix) Coke was derived from __________ by removing the sulphur and impurities. (A) Steel (B) Coal (C) Iron (D) Cement (x) Society of Arts was founded in_____________. (A) 1754 (B) 1854 (C) 1756 (D) 1750 CHAPTER 15. INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE 203

16. SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS SESSION 1 WORKERS MOVEMENTS AND NEW IDEOLOGIES 1.1 Mind Map SESSION 1. WORKERS MOVEMENTS AND NEW IDEOLOGIES 204

CHAPTER 16- SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS 1.2 Terminology 1. Socialism: Everyone has an equal share in country’s wealth. 2. Luddism: Demands minimum wages, work for the workers who lost jobs due to machinery. 3. Orientalists: Persons who studies the languages arts etc., of oriental (Eastern side of the world) countries. 4. Feminism: The belief and aim that woman should have the same rights and opportunities as men. 5. Capitalism: An economic system which is under private sector. 6. Revolutionaries: Attempts by large number of people to change the government of a country. 1.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. Which of the following statement about lives of industrial workers are correct? And correct the false statement [Refer to TB page 203 Q1] i. Workers controlled the industries. ii. Living conditions of the workers were comfortable. iii. Low wages was one of the reasons for discontent among the workers. iv. During the phase of industrialisation there was emphasis on emotions and feeling. v. Romantic writers and artists tried to highlight values of closeness to nature as described through activities such as folk tales and folk songs. A. i) F ii) F iii) T iv) F v) T Correction of false Statements: i) Workers did not control the industries. ii) Living conditions of the workers were not comfortable. iii) During the phase of industrialization there was no emphasis on emotions and feelings. Q2. Write a paragraph comparing the ideas of capitalism and socialism. How were they similar or different. [Refer to TB page 203 Q3] SESSION 1. WORKERS MOVEMENTS AND NEW IDEOLOGIES 205

CHAPTER 16- SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS A. Socialism Capitalism Capitalism is based on private ownership Under socialism, the means of of means of production. production are under the control of the government. Supply and demand forces determine There will be centralised planning the prices. mechanism. The objective of production is profit The objective of production is welfare of maximisation. the state and people. Concentration of power or wealth will be Socialism opposes concentration of in few hands. power or wealth. The resources are controlled by the Social control of resources is under capitalists. government to benefit common people. There is equality of opportunities. The individual freedom and equality of opportunities are given high priority. Ex. West Europe and North America. Ex. Eastern European countries and China. Q3. How was the idea of equality being similar or differently challenged by women and workers move- ments? [Refer to TB page 203 Q4] A. i. During medieval times and in early modern times women in the world were dominated by men. ii. They did not have rights including voting. iii. They were mostly confined to domestic work like cooking, bringing up children etc. iv. Due to industrialisation, a large number of women were employed in factories. v. As women came out of family to work and earn, they developed a new identity for them- selves. vi. They began to assert with the principles of equality of all human beings. vii. A new faith of women’s movements developed after Second World War which fostered equal- ity of women on aspects of life. SESSION 1. WORKERS MOVEMENTS AND NEW IDEOLOGIES 206

CHAPTER 16- SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Q1. Read the last para of page 202 and first para of page 203 and comment on them. [Refer to TB page 203 Q7] A. Students activity Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Q1. List some of the problems faced by workers of those times. Discuss if such problems exist in our times too. [Refer to TB page 203 Q2] A. i. The working population in England agitated for the right to vote but the government brought a new law which in turn denied people their right to protest. ii. During the war with France, England government banned unauthorised public meetings. iii. When the handloom weavers began to demand a legal minimum wage, the Parliament in England refused. iv. When new machines were brought into factories, many workers were thrown out of jobs. v. In our times also due to industrialisation some workers lost their jobs. vi. Whenever the workers start strikes for their better living, governments used to suppress the worker’s strikes. vii. Many handlooms weavers lost their work and were thrown into abject poverty due to intro- duction of machines. Mapping Skills Q1. Locate the countries in the world map in which the protest movements took place. [Refer to TB page 203 Q6] A. 1) England 2) France 3) U.S.A. 4) Spain 5) Switzerland 6) India 7) Bangladesh 8) China. In these countries social protest movements took place. SESSION 1. WORKERS MOVEMENTS AND NEW IDEOLOGIES 207

CHAPTER 16- SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS Appreciation and Sensitivity Q1. Draw a poster to illustrate the ideas of “liberty, equality and justice” within the context of workers and women. Identify occasions where these are being violated. [Refer to TB page 203 Q5] A. In the following occasions the ideas are violated: 1. The wages given to women labour is much lower when compared with men. 2. Even domestic violence against women is not yet controlled. 3. Assaults against women are seen everywhere. 4. Certain job opportunities are available only for men. 1.4 Key Concepts i. Industrialisation and the emergence of nation–states changed the lives of the people in very basic ways. ii. The early decades of industrialisation coincided with the spread of new political ideas, pioneered by the French Revolution (1789–94). iii. Trade between England and Europe was disrupted; factories were forced to shut down. iv. Members of parliament, land owners, manufacturers and professionals, all were opposed to give the working population the right to vote. v. They supported the Corn Laws, which prevented the import of cheaper food until prices in Britain had risen to certain level. SESSION 1. WORKERS MOVEMENTS AND NEW IDEOLOGIES 208

CHAPTER 16-SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Column B Very Short Answer Type Questions a. Luddism 1. Match the following. Column A i. Socialism ii. Ned Ludd b. Woman writer iii. Babeuf c. Radical iv. Thomas Moore d. Opposed to capitalism v. Virginia Woolf e. Socialism 2. Match the following. Column A Column B i. French Revolution a. 1795 ii. Combination Acts b. 1789–94 iii. Socialist c. 1811–1817 iv. Ideas of Socialism d. Bhagat Singh v. Luddism e. Swami Vivekananda 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) What was the duration of the war between England and France? (ii) Which party was formed in India in 1920s? (iii) Who are Orientalists? (iv) When did the Russian Revolution occur? CHAPTER 16. SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS 209

CHAPTER 16-SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS (v) What is Feminism? (vi) Who led Luddism? (vii) When did Russian women get their right to vote? (viii) Who were women’s suffragists? (ix) Name some Indian socialists. (x) What was the idea of Babeuf? 4. Fill in the blanks. (xi) Industrialization deeply troubled and intellectuals. (xii) Karl Marx and formulated a new theory of socialism based on their study of the working of industrial capitalist production. (xiii) Human values associated with or craft production and community life of villages were lost. (xiv) Women are born free and remain equal to in rights. (xv) Human values associated with or craft production and community life of villages were lost. (xvi) The right to vote was extended to some women in England in 1918 and to all adult women by . (xvii) The working population agitated for the right to . (xviii) Thousands of women joined the freedom movement and helped to shape the ideas of the . (xix) In political protest against the harsh working condition in factories kept increasing. CHAPTER 16. SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS 210

CHAPTER 16-SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS (xx) In the Parliament passed two Combination Acts which made it illegal to ‘incite the people by speech or writing to hatred or contempt of the King, Constitution or Government’. Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Write about the influence of the ideas of Marx and Engels in India. (ii) How was Industrial revolution related to French Revolution? AS2-Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Long Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Industrialization gave birth to new social groups. Support this statement. AS3-Information Skills Short Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Write some social movements which you know. (ii) Read the following paragraph and answer the following questions: The protest movement known as Luddism (1811–17) was led by the charismatic General Ned Ludd. Luddism was not only an assault on machines. Its participants demanded a minimum wage. They also wanted control over the labour of women and children. They demanded for work for those who had lost their jobs because of the coming of machinery. They also asked for the right to form trade unions so that they could legally present these demands. i. Who led Luddism? ii. What did the participants demand? iii. Why did they lose their jobs? iv. Why did they want the right to form trade unions? CHAPTER 16. SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS 211

CHAPTER 16-SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS AS5-Mapping Skills Long Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Observe the following picture and write the message. (ii) Observe the following picture and write the message. CHAPTER 16. SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS 212

CHAPTER 16-SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS (iii) Locate the countries in the world map in which the industrial revolution took place. AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Long Answer Type Questions 9. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Narrate any social movement around you which is inspirational. (ii) Can there be ways of improving technology without creating unemployment for workers? CHAPTER 16. SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS 213

CHAPTER 16-SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 10. Choose the correct answer. (i) M.N. Roy, Bhagat Singh, Jawaharlal Nehru, etc. were enthusiastic . (A) Anarchist (B) Socialist (C) Capitalist (D) Communist (ii) Russian Communist Revolution in ______ was the source of great inspiration for Indian nationalists. (A) 1659 (B) 1917 (C) 1757 (D) 1667 (iii) The French Revolution took place during _________. (A) 1785–91 (B) 1785–91 (C)1779 –84 (D)1780 –89 (iv) The ideas of Marx and Engels made a great impact on radical thinkers and activists at the end of ________century. (A) 16th (B) 17th (C) 19th (D) 15th (v) English parliament banned unauthorized public meetings of over persons in 1795. (A) 40 (B) 50 (C) 10 (D) 70 (vi) Saint- Simon of France who advocated for public control of __________through central planning. (A) Property (B) Money (C) Banks (D)None of the above CHAPTER 16. SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS 214

CHAPTER 16-SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS (vii) The use their wealth and power to reinforce the dominance in society. (A) Farmers (B) Rich people (C) Peasants (D) Officers (viii) In which century did social reformers in India struggle to end practices like sati, killing of girl children at birth, enforced widowhood for life, etc.? (A) 19th (B) 20th (C) 18th (D) 21th (ix) Babeuf and other radicals complained that the revolution had failed to fulfill the ideals of liberty, equality and (A) strength (B) acceptance (C) fraternity (D)Capital control (x) Luddism was started in . (A) 1811 (B) 1812 (C) 1810–17 (D) 1808–17 CHAPTER 16. SOCIAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS 215

PROJECT BASED QUESTIONS —— Project Based Questions —— (i) Find out about two major rain–bearing winds: Monsoon and Western disturbance. Trace their path and origin and locate on the map of the world. Find out how they are important for agricul- ture in India and make a presentation in your class. (ii) Collect the pictures of the paintings by Leonardo Da Vinci and paste them in your scrapbook. (iii) Gather information about the famous personalities who fought for social justice, equality and freedom in 17th and 18th centuries. Collect their images and write brief notes about them. Also write about what you learned from them. (iv) Divide your class into two groups and hold a debate on the topic ‘Nation– building process can be accomplished in a liberal democracy only.’One group will be in favour of this statement and the other will speak against it. Project Based Questions 216

Additional Map Based Practice Questions CHAPTER 1- OUR EARTH Q1. Look at the map given below and answer the following questions. (i) Which country has the most time zones? (ii) How many time zones does Africa have? (iii) How many hours is India ahead of the Greenwich Meantime? CHAPTER 2- THE NATURAL REALMS OF THE EARTH Q1. Look at the map given below and answer the following questions. (i) Name the seven major plates of the world. (ii) Where do these plates float? (iii) What is the movement of plates known as? Additional Map Based Practice Questions 217

Q2. Look at the map given below and answer the following questions. (i) Where is the Pacific Ring of Fire located? 218 (ii) Which continents does it affect? (iii) Why is it so named? Additional Map Based Practice Questions

CHAPTER 3-HYDROSPHERE Q1. Look at the map given below and answer the following questions. (i) What are ocean currents? (ii) Name the types of ocean currents. (iii) Where do warm currents move towards? (iv) Where do cold currents move towards? CHAPTER 6- AGRICULTURE IN INDIA Q1. On the map given below, mark the states where Green Revolution was successful. Additional Map Based Practice Questions 219

Q2. On the map given below, mark the following. 220 (i) Maize producing states in the colour yellow (ii) Tea producing states in the colour green Additional Map Based Practice Questions

CHAPTER 15-INDUSTRIALISATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE 221 Q1. On an outline map of England, mark the following. (i) 5 iron and coal manufacturing areas (ii) 5 cotton textile manufacturing areas Additional Map Based Practice Questions

Additional Map Based Practice Questions 222