ตำราวิชาการอาหารเพื่อสุขภาพ

∫∑∑Ë’ 4 229 Õ“À“√æÈπ◊ ∫â“π‰∑¬ ≈”¥∫— ∑’Ë ™ÕË◊ ∑«Ë— ‰ª ™ËÕ◊ «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å «ß»å  à«π∑’Ë√—∫ª√–∑“π 30 ®”ªŸπ Goniothalamus expansus Annonaceae „∫·≈–¬Õ¥ 31 ®”‰À√ º≈ ·≈–¬Õ¥ 32 ®‘° Baccaurea kunstleri Euphorbiaceae ¬Õ¥ ·≈–¥Õ° 33 ‡®“–‡∑“– Barringtonia acutangula Barringtoniaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 34 ©‘Ëß º≈ÕÕà π 35 ™° ©° (Linn.) Gaertn. ‡πÈÕ◊ ÕàÕπ 36 ™¡æà Ÿ “·À√° ¬Õ¥ 37 ™–æ≈Ÿ - Anacardiaceae „∫ 38 ™–æ≈Ÿ™â“ß Ficus sp. Moraceae ¬Õ¥ 39 ™–‡¡“ ¬Õ¥ º≈ÕàÕπ 40 ™–Õ¡ Arenga saccharifera Labill Palmae ¬Õ¥·≈–„∫ÕàÕπ 41 ™’‡ß“– Eugenia malaccensis Myrtaceae ¬Õ¥ 42 ™¡ÿ ‡À¥Á ‡∑» ¥Õ° 43 ‚™π Piper sarmentosum Roxb. Ex Piperaceae °â“π 44 ·´– ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 45 ¥“«°√–®“¬ Hunter ¥Õ°µ¡Ÿ 46 ¥“«‡√◊Õß ¥Õ° 47 ¥ª’ ≈’ Piper sp. Piperaceae º≈ °ÿ º≈ÕàÕπ ¥’ª≈’‡™◊Õ° -- „∫ 48 ‡¥◊Õ¬¥∫‘ ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ „∫ 49 ‚¥ä–‡¥ä– Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. subsp. Leguminosae ¬Õ¥ 50 µÕ° ¬Õ¥ 51 µÕà ‰ â insuavis Nielsen ¬Õ¥ 52 µ–·∫° º≈ 53 µ–≈‘ߪîß Urceola lucida Apocynaceae ¬Õ¥ 54 µ“‡ªì¥µ“‰°à ¬Õ¥ 55 µ“≈À¡àÕπ Cassia alata Linn. Leguminosae ¬Õ¥ „∫ÕàÕπ º≈ 56 µ”≈÷ß ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 57 µ¡Ÿ (¡–µŸ¡) - Dennstaedtiaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 58 µ¡Ÿ æ√– ¬Õ¥ 59 ‡µ¬πÈ” Millettia atropurpurea Berth Leguminosae Cosmos sulphureus Compositae Tagetes erecta Compositae Piper longum Piperaceae Piper retrofractum - Apocynaceae Murdannia scapiflora Commelinaceae Callicarpa longifolia Lam. Labiatae Allophylus sootepensis Sapindaceae Lagerstroemia spp. Lythraceae Averrhoa bilimbi Linn. Averrhoaceae -- Vernonia elliptica DC. Compositae Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt. Cucurbitaceae Eagle marmelos Corr. Rutaceae Bhesa paniculata Arn. Celastraceae Pandanus odoratissimus Pandanaceae °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

230 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ¢ÿ ¿“æ ≈”¥∫— ∑’Ë ™Õ◊Ë ∑«—Ë ‰ª ™Õ◊Ë «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å «ß»å  à«π∑’Ë√—∫ª√–∑“π 60 ‡µ“à √“â ß Caryota urens Linn. Palmae ¬Õ¥ 61 ·µ«â ¬Õ¥ 62 ∂Õ∫·∂∫ Cratoxylon formosum Guttiferae ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ° 63 ∂«Ë— æŸ ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π ¥Õ°ÕÕà π Connarus spp. Connaraceae Ωí°ÕàÕπ 64 ‡∂“§—π º≈ÕÕà π 65 ∑«¬ Psophocarpus tetragonolobus Leguminosae ¬Õ¥ 66 ∑ÕßÀ≈“ß„∫¡π „∫ÕàÕπ 67 ∑”¡ß— DC. ‡ª≈Õ◊ °µπâ 68 ‡∑’¬¡ „∫ÕàÕπ ¥Õ° 69 π¡ «√√§å Vitis trifolia Vitidaceae ¬Õ¥ „∫ÕÕà π 70 πâÕ¬Àπà“ ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 71 π”È ¥Õ°‰¡â Elaeocarpus floribundus Eleocarpaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 72 πÈ”πÕß ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ º≈ÕÕà π 73 πàÿπ Erythrina suberosa Roxb. Leguminosae º≈ÕÕà π 74 ‡π¬’ ß º≈ÕÕà π 75 ∫Õπ‡°¬’ ∫ Litsea petiolata Hook.f. Lauraceae °â“π„∫ 76 ∫Õπ¢“« °â“π„∫ 77 ∫Õπµ–‡°’¬∫ Azadirachta excelsa Meliaceae ¥Õ° ·≈–°“â π 78 ∫Õπ‡µà“ ™Õà ¥Õ° ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ 79 ∫Õπ∑“à Clerodendrum paniculatum Labiatae ¬Õ¥·≈–‰À≈ 80 ∫ÕπΩ√ßË— ¢“« À—« 81 ∫ÕπΩ√˗ߥ” Annona squamosa Annonaceae À—« 82 ∫Õ𬓬√¥— À—« °“â π„∫ 83 ∫Õπ â¡ Eugenia javanica Myrtaceae ™Õà ¥Õ° ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 84 ∫—ß∫“¬ ¬Õ¥ 85 ∫°ÿ ™π¥‘ µ“à ßÊ -- µâπÕÕà π „∫ÕÕà π 86 ª≈“¬¢“â « “√ ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ° 87 ª¥ÿ Ceiba pentandra Gaertn. Bombacaceae ‰ °â ≈“ß≈”µπâ 88 ‡ª√“–ÀÕ¡ À—« 89 º°— °√Õ Archidendron jiringa Nielsen Leguminosae ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ° 90 º°— °√–‡©¥ ¬Õ¥ 91 º—°ÀŸª≈“™àÕπ - Araceae „∫ ¬Õ¥ µâπÕàÕπ 92 º—°°“¥π°§√Ÿ¥ ¬Õ¥ - Araceae - Araceae Alocasia sp. Araceae Alocasia esculenta Araceae Caladium sp. Araceae Caladium sp. Araceae -- Homalomena sagittifolia Araceae Leea indica Leeaceae Amorphophallus sp. Araceae -- Achasma metriocheilos Zingiberaceae Kaempferia galanga Linn. Zingiberaceae -- Neptunia oleracea Lour. Mimosaceae Emilia sonchifolia (Linn.) DC. Compositae Erechtites hieracifolia Compositae °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

∫∑∑’Ë 4 231 Õ“À“√æπ◊È ∫“â π‰∑¬ ≈”¥∫— ∑Ë’ ™ÕË◊ ∑«—Ë ‰ª ™Õ◊Ë «∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å «ß»å  à«π∑’Ë√—∫ª√–∑“π „∫ 93 º°— ¢«ß -- ¬Õ¥ 94 º°— ¢√’ -- ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ° „∫ 95 º—°§√“¥À—«·À«π Spilanthes acmella Murr. Compositae ¬Õ¥ µπâ ÕÕà π 96 º°— ™’≈âÕ¡ Oenanthe stolonifera Wall. Umbelliferae „∫ÕÕà π ™àÕ¥Õ° 97 º°— µ∫ Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchen Butomanceae ¬Õ¥ „∫ (µ“≈ªíµ√ƒÂ…’) Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. Convolvulaceae ∑—Èßµπâ ‡ÀπÕ◊ ¥‘π 98 º°— ∫ßâÿ Portulaca quadrifida Linn. Portulacaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 99 º°— ‡∫¬’È Basella rubra Linn, Basellaceae 100 º—°ªíß·¥ß B. alba L. ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π º≈ÕÕà π Alternanthera philoxeroides Amaranthaceae ªíߢ“« Griseb ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ º≈ÕÕà π 101 º—°‡ªì¥ Momordica subangulata BL. Cucurbitaceae ∑ßÈ— µπâ ‡ÀπÕ◊ ¥π‘ Cente lla asiatica (Linn.) Umbelliferae 102 º°— ·¡– Urban ™Õà ÕÕà π 103 º—°·«πà (∫—«∫°) Gynandropsis gynandra Capparaceae °π‘ ‡ªπì º°—  ¥ Hydrocotyle javanica Umbelliferae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π ≈”µπâ ÕÕà π 104 º—°‡ ’¬È π Lasia spinosa Thw. Araceae „∫ÕÕà π ¬Õ¥ 105 º—°ÀπÕ° Amaranthus lividus Linn. Amaranthaceae ¬Õ¥ „∫‡æ ≈“¥ 106 º°— Àπ“¡ ¬Õ¥ 107 º°— À¡ - - ¬Õ¥ 108 º—°À«¡ Milientha suavis Pierre Opiliaceae ¬Õ¥ 109 º—°À«“π Sauropus androgynus (L.) Euphorbiaceae 110 º°— À«“π∫“â π Ottelia alismoides Pers. Hydrocharitaceae „∫ 111 º°— À«“ º≈ ¬Õ¥ -- ( π— µ–«“) Momordica charantia Linn. Cucurbitaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 112 º°— Àß‘ ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ° 113 º—°‰Àà Passiflora foetida Linn. Passifloraceae „∫ - - „∫ (¡–√–¢’Èπ°) ¬Õ¥ 114 ºâ“√⓬ÀàÕ∑Õß Eleocarpus grandiflorus Sm. Elaeocarpaceae ¬Õ¥ 115 º’‡ ◊ÈÕ„À≠à Piper sp. Piperaceae 116 ºÀ’ π“à ¬ Rhizophora sp. Rhizophoraceae 117 æ≈Ÿ·° Schima wallichii Theaceae 118 æ—ß°“ (‚°ß°“ß) 119 æπ— µπ— °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

232 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ¢ÿ ¿“æ ≈”¥∫— ∑’Ë ™Õ◊Ë ∑«Ë— ‰ª ™Ë◊Õ«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å «ß»å  à«π∑’Ë√—∫ª√–∑“π 120 æ“‚À¡ Paederia linearis Hook.f. Rubiaceae ‡ªπì º°—  ¥ 121 æ¡àÿ  “¡ßà“¡ - - ¬Õ¥ 122 ‡æ°“ ¬Õ¥ Ωí°ÕàÕπ 123 ‰æ Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent. Bignoniaceae ¬Õ¥ Ω°í ÕÕà π Adenanthera pavonica L. Leguminosae (¡–°≈Ë”µ“™“â ß) 124 øí°¢â“« Momordica cochinchinensis Cucurbitaceae ¬Õ¥ º≈ÕÕà π 125 ø°í ∑Õß Spreng ¬Õ¥ º≈ 126 ·ø∫ (À≈Ÿ ß‘ ) º≈ÕÕà π 127 ¿¡Ÿ ‘ (À¡“°À¡°) Cucurbita maxima Duchesne Cucurbitaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 128 ¡À ¥” „∫ÕÕà π 129 ¡–°Õ°ª“É Terminalia tripterordes Craib Combretaceae „∫ÕÕà π ™àÕ¥Õ° º≈ 130 ¡–‡¢◊Õæ«ß º≈ÕÕà π 131 ¡–‡¥ÕË◊ -- ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ º≈ 132 ¡–ª√“ß ¬Õ¥ 133 ¡–ª√‘ß Cyathea spp. Cyatheaceae ¬Õ¥ 134 ¡–‡ª√¬’ ß ¬Õ¥ 135 ¡–æ√â“« Spondias pinnata Pierr Anacardiaceae ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ ‡πÕ◊È ÕàÕπ 136 ¡–查 „∫ÕÕà π º≈¥∫‘ 137 ¡–‡øóÕß Solanum torvum Sw. Solanaceae º≈ 138 ¡–¡à«ß ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 139 ¡–¡«à ߧπ— Ficus spp. Moraceae º≈¥‘∫ 140 ¡–¡à«ßÀ‘¡æ“πµå „∫ÕÕà π ¬Õ¥ 141 ¡–¡¥ÿ Bouea burmanica Anacardiaceae º≈ÕÕà π 142 ¡–¬¡ „∫ÕÕà π ¬Õ¥ Bouea microphylla Anacardiaceae 143 ¡–·«ßâ º≈ÕÕà π 144 ¡–Õ°÷ -- º≈ 145 ¡—ߧ¥ÿ „∫ÕÕà π 146 ¡ß— ‡§ Cocos nucifera Linn. Palmae „∫ 147 ¡—π¢’ÈÀπŸ À«— ¢π“¥‡≈°Á 148 ¡—πªŸ Garcinia xanthochyma Hook.f. Guttiferae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π Averrhoa carambola Linn. Averrhoaceae Mangifera indica Linn. Anarcadiaceae Mangifera caloneura Kurz Anarcadiaceae Anarcadium occidentale L. Anarcadiaceae Mangifera foetida Loue. Anarcadiaceae Phyllanthus acidus (Linn.) Euphorbiaceae Skeels Solanum indicum Linn. Solanaceae Solanum stramonifolium Jacq. Solanaceae Garcinia mangostana Linn. Guttiferae Melastoma malabathricum Melastomataceae Plectranthus rotundifolius Labiatae Glochidion wallichichianum Euphorbiaceae Muell. °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑Ë’ 4 233 Õ“À“√æ◊πÈ ∫“â π‰∑¬ ≈”¥∫— ∑Ë’ ™ÕË◊ ∑«Ë— ‰ª ™◊ÕË «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å «ß»å  à«π∑’Ë√—∫ª√–∑“π 149 ¡π—  ”ª–À≈ß— Manihot esculenta Crantz Euphorbiaceae ¬Õ¥ ‡ª≈◊Õ°™Èπ— „π¢ÕßÀ«— „µ¥â π‘ 150 ¡—πÀÕ¡ - - 151 ‡¡à“‚∫‚≈ Antidesma montanum Euphorbiaceae - 152 ·¡ß≈°— Ocimum canum Linn. Labiatae „∫ÕàÕπ ¬Õ¥ 153 ‰¡â§âÕπµ’À¡“ Dregea volubilis Stapf Asclepiadaceae „∫¬Õ¥ÕÕà π ¬Õ¥ º≈ÕÕà π (°√–∑ßÿ À¡“∫“â ) - - 154 ‰¡âª√Ÿ Morinda citrifolia Linn. Rubiaceae ¬Õ¥ 155 ¬Õ Justicia lignostachya Acanthaceae „∫ ¬Õ¥ º≈ 156 ¬“¬°≈—Èß Maesa integrifolia Ridl. Myrsinaceae ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ° 157 √«¬ (À≠“â ™Õâ ß) Baccaurea motleyana Muell. Euphorbiaceae ∑—Èß°Õ 158 ≈–‰¡ Arg. ‡ª≈Õ◊ °º≈ - 159 ≈—߉° - Pteridaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 160 ≈”‡∑ßÁ Stenochlaena palutris Bedd. Sonneratiaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 161 ≈”·æπ Sonneratia ovata ¥Õ° ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π „∫ÕàÕπ 162 ≈Èπ‘ Àà“π - ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 163 ≈°Ÿ ºŸâ - - ¬Õ¥ º≈ 164 ‡≈¬’ ∫ (º°— ‡ŒÕ◊ ¥) - Moraceae ¬Õ¥ „∫ÕÕà π 165 ‡≈∫Á §√±ÿ Ficus lacor Buch. Araliaceae ¬Õ¥ „∫ÕÕà π 166 ‡≈Á∫‡À¬’ˬ« Polyscias sp. Rhamnaceae „∫ÕÕà π ¬Õ¥ 167 ««— À“∫ Zizyphus oenopila Mill. - ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 168 «“à π°’∫·√¥ - Marattiaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 169  ¡â À«— §π— Angiopteris evecta - º≈ 170  ¡â °ßÿâ - Begoniaceae ¬Õ¥ „∫ 171  ¡â ‡°¬’ ∫ Begonia inflata B.Chark Apocynaceae ¬Õ¥ 172  ¡â ·¢° Urceola rosea Guttiferae º≈ 173  â¡‡§â“ Garcinia atroviridis Griff - ¬Õ¥ 174  â¡ß—Ë« - Rutaceae „∫ 175  â¡ªÉÕ¬ Citrus medica Leguminosae „∫ ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 176  ¡â ªπŸ Acacia concinna DC. Vitaceae ¬Õ¥ 177  â¡·ªÑπ Tetrastigma obovatum Burseraceae ¬Õ¥ 178  ¡â ¡«ß (™–¡«ß) Protium serratum Guttiferae „∫ 179  â¡‡¡à“ (‡¡à“π“) Garcinia cowa Roxb. Euphorbiaceae ¬Õ¥ Antidesma diandrum °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ °

234 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æÕË◊  ¢ÿ ¿“æ ≈”¥∫— ∑’Ë ™Õ◊Ë ∑«Ë— ‰ª ™Õ◊Ë «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å «ß»å  à«π∑Ë’√—∫ª√–∑“π 180  ¡â  â“ Myrica rubra Myricaceae „∫ÕÕà π 181  ¡â ÕÕ∫·Õ∫ - - ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ° º≈ 182  â¡‚Õ ‡π◊ÈÕº≈ 183  –‡¥“ Citrus maxima Rutaceae „∫ÕÕà π ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ° Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Meliaceae 184  –µÕ var. siamensis Valeton 185 (¡–) ß— Parkia speciosa Hass.k. Mimosaceae ‡¡≈Á¥ 186  È—π Feroneilla lucida Swing Rutaceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 187  â“π„À≠à ¬Õ¥ 188  ”ª√–»√’ - - °“∫„∫ 189  ÿ°°√¡ Dillenia indica Linn. Dilleniaceae µâÕπÕàÕπ ¥Õ° (æ–¬Õ¡) - - 190 · ¡ “√ Shorea roxburgii G. Don. Dipterocarpaceae 191 ÀßÕπ‰°à 192 À≠â“¥Õ°øÉ“ß Cassia garettiana Leguminosae ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ°µ¡Ÿ 193 À≠⓪≈âÕß Celosia argentea Linn. Amaranthaceae „∫ÕàÕπ 194 Àπ“¥ „∫ 195 Àπ“¡∑π— - - ¬Õ¥ µâπÕàÕπ 196 À¡¬ÿ - - ¬Õ¥ „∫ÕÕà π 197 À¡Õ (≈–‡¡“–) Blumea spp. Compositae „∫ÕÕà π 198 À¬“∫∂“ß - - ¬Õ¥ ¥Õ° 199 À≈Õ¬µÕ¬ Micromelum minutum Rutaceae „∫ 200 À≈ÿ¡æ’ - - ¬Õ¥ 201 À«“¬ß«¬ - - ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ „∫‡æ ≈“¥ 202 À«“â - - º≈·°à 203 À—π¬à“π Zalacca conferta Griff. Palmae º≈ ÿ° 204 À—« “¡ ‘∫ Calamus peregrinus Furt. Gramineae ¬Õ¥ 205 À¬Ÿ “π Eugenia cumini Myrtaceae ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ ¥Õ° 206 ÀŸÀ¡’ - - ¬Õ¥ 207 ÀÀŸ ¡∑’ –‡≈ - - ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 208 ‡À¡Õ– Bhesa indica Celastraceae ¬Õ¥ 209 ‡À√¬’ ß - - ¬Õ¥ 210 ‡À≈’¬ß - - ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π Alocacia odora Araceae ‡¡≈Á¥ Parkia timoriana Merr. Mimosaceae „∫ÕÕà π ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π Tournefortia ovata Wall. Ex Boraginaceae G. Don °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑’Ë 4 235 Õ“À“√æÈ◊π∫â“π‰∑¬ ≈”¥∫— ∑’Ë ™ÕË◊ ∑«Ë— ‰ª ™ÕË◊ «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å «ß»å  à«π∑’Ë√—∫ª√–∑“π 211 ·À¡¥Á ™πÿ Eugenia grata Myrtaceae ¬Õ¥ 212 ÕâÕπ° Alocacia lowit Hook. Araceae °“â πÕàÕπ ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 213 Õ‚»° Saraca thaipingensis Leguminasae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 214 Õ‘π∑π‘≈ Lagerstroemia speciosa Lythraceae ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 215 Õµÿ 浑 Pycnospatha arietina Araceae „∫ 216 ‡ÕÁπ·¥ß ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π 217 ‡Õ◊ÈÕßπ“ - - ¬Õ¥ ≈”µâπÕàÕπ 218 ‡ÕÕÈ◊ ßµπâ - - ÀπÕà ÕÕà π Costus speciosus Smith. Zingiberaceae (‡Õ◊ÈÕßÀ¡“¬π“) 219 ‰Õ°≈°— Aglaonema costatum Polypodiaceae ≈”µâπ À«— Õ“À“√ª√∫— ∏“µÿ Õ“À“√µ“¡ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈ √ ™“µ‘¢Õߺ—°·µà≈–™π‘¥„™â‡ªìπ ‘Ëß∫àß∫Õ°∂÷ߧÿ≥§à“∑“ß ¡ÿπ‰æ√¢Õßæ◊™º—°‡À≈à“π’È ‰¥â ‚¥¬ “¡“√∂√–∫ÿ √√æ§ÿ≥∑“߬“µ“¡°“√®—¥®”·π°√ ‰¥¥â —ßπÈ’ 1. √ Ω“¥ ¡’ √√æ§ÿ≥‡ªìπ¬“Ω“¥ ¡“π ™à«¬√—°…“·º≈ ·°â∑âÕ߇ ’¬ ·µà∂â“ °π‘ ¡“° ®–∑”„Àâ∑âÕßÕ◊¥‡øÕÑ ·≈–∑Õâ ߇¥‘π ‰¥â·°à °≈⫬¥∫‘ ¬Õ¥°√–‚¥π ¡–‡¥Ë◊ÕÕÿ∑¡ÿ æ√ ¬Õ¥¡–¡«à ß À‘¡æ“πµå º°— ‡¡°Á ‡ªπì µâπ 2. √ ‡ª√È’¬« ™à«¬°—¥‡ ¡À– ·≈–°√–µâÿπµàÕ¡πÈ”≈“¬ ∑”„À⇮√‘≠Õ“À“√ ·µà∂â“ °‘π¡“°®–∑”„Àâ∑âÕßÕ◊¥ √âÕπ„π ·≈–·º≈À“¬™â“ ‰¥â·°à ¬Õ¥¡–°Õ° º—°µ‘È« °√–‡®’ͬ∫·¥ß ¬Õ¥¡–¢“¡  ¡â ªÕÉ ¬ ™–¡«ß ‡∂“ ¡â °ßâÿ º≈‡∂“§—π µ–≈‘ߪ≈‘ß ¡–¥—π ·≈–¡–¢“¡Ωí°ÕàÕ𠇪ìπµπâ 3. √ À«“πÕàÕπÊ ¡’ √√æ§ÿ≥™à«¬„Àâ™àÿ¡™◊Ëπ ∫”√ÿß°”≈—ß ·µà∂â“°‘π¡“°®–∑”„Àâ ≈¡¢πÈ÷ ∑Õâ ßÕ¥◊ ‡øÑÕ ·≈–ßà«ß‡Àß“À“«πÕπ ‰¥â·°à ¥Õ°¢®√ ¥Õ°¢“â « “√ º°— ‡À¡¬’ ß ¬Õ¥¡–æ√“â « ¬Õ¥‡µ“à √“â ß º°— À«“πªÉ“ º°— À«“π∫â“𠇪ìπµπâ 4. √ ¢¡  √√æ§ÿ≥™à«¬∫”√ÿß√à“ß°“¬ ≈¥‰¢â ·°â‡≈◊Õ¥‡ªìπæ‘… ∂Õπæ‘…‡∫◊ËÕ‡¡“ ·µà«à“‰¡à§«√°‘π¡“° Õ“®∑”„ÀâÕàÕπ‡æ≈’¬ ‰¥â·°à º—°¢«ß ¡–√–¢’Èπ° ÀπàÕÀ«“¬ ¥Õ°¢È’‡À≈Á° º°— ·ª¡ øí°¢â“« ‡ªìπµâπ 5. √ ‡ºÁ¥√âÕπ  √√æ§ÿ≥™à«¬¢—∫≈¡„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ ·°âª«¥∑âÕß ∑âÕßÕ◊¥‡øÑÕ ∂“â °‘π¡“°‡°‘π‰ª ®–∑”„ÀâÕàÕπ‡æ≈¬’ ‡™πà ¢‘ß æ√°‘ ¬’ËÀ√“à °–‡æ√“ ‚À√–æ“ À‡Ÿ  ◊Õ º—°‰ºà º°— §√“¥ À«— ·À«π ‡ªπì µâπ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

236 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ÿ¢¿“æ 6. √ ÀÕ¡‡¬Áπ ™à«¬∫”√ÿßÀ«— „® ·°≈â ¡ Àπâ“¡¥◊ µ“≈“¬ ‰¥â·°à °√–™“¬ ‡µ¬ÀÕ¡ ‡ªπì µπâ 7. √ ¡—π ·°âÕ“°“√‡ âπ‡ÕπÁ æ°‘ “√ ª«¥‡ ¬’ « ‡§≈Á¥¢¥— ¬Õ° Õ“°“√°√–µ°ÿ À“° °‘π¡“°‰ªÕ“®‡ªπì æ‘…‰¥â ‡™àπ  –µÕ ‡π’¬ß °√–æ—ß‚À¡ º°— ‡À¡¬’ ß ¢ππÿ ÕàÕπ ∂—Ë«æŸ ø°í ∑Õß À—«ª≈’ ‰¢πà ”È ‡ªìπµâπ §π‰∑¬¡’·∫∫·ºπ°“√∫√‘‚¿§º—°æ◊Èπ∫â“π∑Ë’ —¡æ—π∏å Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘ ‡æ√“–‡™Ë◊Õ«à“‡ªìπº≈¥’µàÕ ÿ¢¿“æ ∑”„Àâ ÿ¢¿“æ ¡¥ÿ≈ ·≈–ª√“»®“°‚√§¿—¬‰¢â‡®Á∫ ´÷Ëß —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ ∑—»π–°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬∑’Ë«à“√à“ß°“¬¢Õß¡πÿ…¬åª√–°Õ∫¢È÷π¥â«¬∏“µÿ∑—Èß ’Ë §◊Õ ∏“µÿ¥‘π ∏“µÿπ”È ∏“µÿ≈¡ ·≈–∏“µÿ‰ø ∏“µÿ·µà≈–Õ¬à“ß¡’≈—°…≥–·≈–∏√√¡™“µ‘∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π ·≈–∏“µÿ∑—Èß Ë’¬—߇ªìπ ·À≈àß°”‡π‘¥¢Õß‚√§ ‚√§®–∫—߇°‘¥°—∫∏“µÿ„¥∏“µÿÀπË÷ß®–µâÕß¡’∏√√¡™“µ‘¿“¬πÕ°¡“°√–∑∫ À√◊Õ ¡≈Ÿ ‡ÀµÕÿ Ëπ◊ Ê (‡™πà Õ“À“√ Õ‘√‘¬“∫∂ Õ“√¡≥å ‡ªìπµπâ ) ∑”„À∏â “µ‡ÿ  ¬’  ¡¥ÿ≈ °®Á –‡°¥‘ °“√‡®∫Á ªÉ«¬¢π÷È ∏√√¡™“µ‘¿“¬πÕ°∑Ë’ ”§—≠§◊Õ ∏√√¡™“µ‘¢Õߧ«“¡√âÕ𠧫“¡‡¬Á𠧫“¡Àπ“« ‡¡Ë◊Õ∏√√¡™“µ‘ ¿“¬πÕ°¡“°√–∑∫∏“µÿ Ë’¿“¬„π À“°√à“ß°“¬µâ“π∑“π‰¡à‰À«®–∑”„À⇮Á∫ªÉ«¬‰¥â À√◊Õ∏√√¡™“µ‘ ¿“¬πÕ°‡ª≈¬Ë’ π·ª≈ß√«¥‡√«Á À√Õ◊ √πÿ ·√ß¡“°‰ª®π∏√√¡™“µ¿‘ “¬„π‡ª≈¬Ë’ π·ª≈߉¡∑à π— °‡Á ®∫Á ª«É ¬‰¥â ‡¡Ë◊Õ‡√“‡¢â“„®°Æ‡°≥±å¥—ßπÈ’ ‡√“§«√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπ„Àâ Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫∏√√¡™“µ‘ ®–∑”„ÀâÀ≈’°‡≈Ë’¬ßÀ√◊Õ ∫√√‡∑“Õ“°“√‡®Á∫ª«É ¬‰¥â µ«— Õ¬“à ߺ°— æπ◊È ∫“â πµ“¡ƒ¥°Ÿ “≈∑¡’Ë ¢’ “¬„π‡¢µ °∑¡. ·≈–‡¢µª√¡‘ ≥±≈ µ≈Õ¥∑ß—È ªï º—°À«“π∫â“π º—°·¢¬ß º°— °“¥‡¢’¬« „∫¬’ÀË √“à ¬Õ¥·§ µ”≈ß÷ º—°™≈’ “« º—°∫ÿâß∑âÕßπ“ º°— ª≈ß— º°— ‰ºà ¬Õ¥°√–∂‘π „∫¢‡’È À≈Á° ™–æ≈Ÿ ™–Õ¡ º—°°¥Ÿ (ÕÕ°∑ÿ°ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈ ·µà𬑠¡°‘πÀπâ“·≈âß ‡æ√“–√ ™“µ‘Õ√àÕ¬) º—°°“¥„∫À¬‘° „∫¬Õ „∫‡≈Á∫§√ÿ± º—°§√“¥ (·µ°¬Õ¥ «¬ƒ¥ŸΩπ) ¥Õ°·§ º—°æ“¬ À—«ª≈’ ∂«Ë— æŸ ‰À≈∫«— º—°°√–‡©¥ §πŸ ∂«Ë— æÿà¡  “¬∫—«  –µÕ (¡¡’ “°„πƒ¥ΩŸ π) ¬Õ¥¡–æ√â“« ÀπàÕ‡À√’¬ß πÈ”‡µâ“ À—«µ“≈ÕÕà π ¢ππÿ ÕÕà π ¡–√–¢È’π° ¡–‡¢Õ◊ ‡À≈◊Õß ¡–‡¢Õ◊ ®È¡‘ πÈ”æ√‘°µ“à ßÊ ¡–Õ÷° ¡–‡¢◊Õæ«ß ≈°Ÿ ¬Õ ƒ¥Ÿ√âÕπ º—°°√–‚¥π º°— À«“πªÉ“ „∫¢ß‘ ·¡ß¥“ º°— Œ«â πÀ¡Ÿ ‡æ°“ ¡–√ÿ¡ ·µß‚¡ÕàÕπ ≈Ÿ°º°— ª≈—ß ·µß‰∑¬ÕàÕπ º—°‡´’¬ß¥“ ‡∑“ (¡’π“§¡-情¿“§¡) ƒ¥ŸΩπ „∫¡–¢“¡ÕàÕπ ¥Õ°¢®√ ‡ÀÁ¥ “√æ—¥™π‘¥ ‡™àπ ‡ÀÁ¥‡º“– ‡ÀÁ¥µ—∫‡µà“ ‡À¥Á √–‚ß° ‡À¥Á ¢Õπ¢“« ‡À¥Á ºß÷È ÀπÕà ‰¡µâ “à ßÊ ‡™πà ÀπÕà ‰¡â‰º√à «° ÀπÕà ‰º à  ’ °ÿ º°— ‡ ¬’È π º°— ‚¢¡ „∫∑ÕßÀ≈“ß ¬Õ¥°√–∑°√° ÀŸª≈“™àÕπ º—°µ‘È« ¬Õ¥øí°∑Õß  —πµ–«“ „∫∫—«∫° ™–¡«ß º—°·«πà ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π·≈–„∫ÕàÕπ¡–°Õ° ¬Õ¥¡–√–¢È’π°  ¡â ªÕÉ ¬ „∫°√–‡®Í¬’ ∫ ¬Õ¥¡–¡«à ßÀ¡‘ æ“πµå „∫µ—∫‡µà“ „∫¬à“π“ß ¬Õ¥¡–¥π— ·≈–≈Ÿ°¡–¥π— (ª≈“¬ƒ¥ŸΩπ)  –‡¥“¥π‘ ¥Õ°‚ π ¥Õ°°√–‡®¬’ « °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

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238 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ÿ¢¿“æ 3) ∏“µ‡ÿ À≈°Á ‡ªπì  «à πª√–°Õ∫¢Õ߇¡¥Á ‡≈Õ◊ ¥·¥ß  «à π∑‡Ë’ √¬’ °«“à Œ’‚¡≈‚°≈∫π‘ ´ß÷Ë ®–‡ªìπµ—«æ“ÕÕ°´‘‡®π‰ª¬—ß à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ ·≈–擧“√å∫Õπ‰¥ÕÕ°‰´¥å°≈—∫‰ª¬—ߪե ‡æ◊ËÕ¢—∫∂à“¬ÕÕ° ∂â“√à“ß°“¬‰¥â√—∫∏“µÿ‡À≈Á°‰¡à‡æ’¬ßæÕ®–∑”„À⇰‘¥¿“«–‚≈À‘µ®“ß®“°°“√¢“¥ ∏“µÿ‡À≈Á°‰¥â §«“¡µâÕß°“√∏“µÿ‡À≈Á° : ‡¥Á° 10-12 ¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡/«—π ºâŸ„À≠à™“¬ 10 ¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡/«—π ºâŸ„À≠àÀ≠ß‘ «—π≈– 15 ¡≈‘ ≈‘°√—¡/«—π º—°æÈ◊π∫â“π∑’Ë¡’∏“µÿ‡À≈Á° ‰¥â·°à º—°°Ÿ¥ ¢¡‘Èπ¢“« º—°·«àπ „∫·¡ß≈—° „∫‚À√–æ“ º—°‡¡Á° ¬Õ¥¡–°Õ° °√–∂‘π ™–æ≈Ÿ ¢È‡’ À≈Á° º°— ·¢¬ß 4) «‘µ“¡‘π‡Õ ‡ªìπ “√Õ“À“√∑Ë’√“à ß°“¬µÕâ ß°“√®”π«ππâÕ¬ ·µ¢à “¥‰¡à‰¥â ∂“â ¢“¥ ®–∑”„ÀÕâ «—¬«–µà“ßÊ „π√“à ß°“¬∑”ß“πº¥‘ ª°µ·‘ ≈–‡°¥‘ ‚√§‰¥â º—°æÈ◊π∫â“π∑Ë’„Àâ«‘µ“¡‘π‡Õ Ÿß ‰¥â·°à „∫¬à“π“ß ¬Õ¥·§ °√–∂‘πÕàÕπ ¬Õ¥ –‡¥“ º°— À«“π øí°∑Õ߬եÕàÕπ „∫¢‡’È À≈°Á „∫∫—«∫° „∫¬Õ „∫™–æ≈Ÿ „∫·¡ß≈°— 5) «‘µ“¡‘π´’ ¡¡’ “°„πº°—  ¥·≈–º≈‰¡∑â Ë—«‰ª º°—  ¥¡’«µ‘ “¡π‘ ´’ ßŸ ¡“° ‚¥¬‡©æ“– „π„∫µÕπ «à π¬Õ¥ ·≈–‡¡≈¥Á °”≈ß— ®–ßÕ° ‡™πà ∂«Ë— ßÕ° «µ‘ “¡π‘ ´®’ –≈–≈“¬ß“à ¬·≈–‰¡∑à 𧫓¡√Õâ π °“√ÀÿßÕ“À“√∑’ˉ¡à∂Ÿ°À≈—°‚¿™π“°“√Õ“®∑”„Àâ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬«‘µ“¡‘ππ’È ‰¥âßà“¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ º—°æ◊Èπ∫â“π∑’Ë¡’ «µ‘ “¡‘π´ ’ ߟ ‰¥â·°à ¥Õ°¢’‡È À≈°Á º°— Œ«â π ¡–√¡ÿ æ√‘° ¬Õ¥ –‡¥“ „∫‡À≈’¬ß ¡–√–¢πÈ’ ° º°— À«“π º°— ‡¢¬’ «ª≈’ º—°°–‚¥π º—°¢’ÈÀ¥Ÿ º—°·æ« πÕ°®“°„Àâ§ÿ≥§à“∑“ß‚¿™π“°“√·≈â« º—°æ◊Èπ∫â“π¬—ß„Àâ°“°„¬Õ“À“√ ´÷Ëß®–¥Ÿ¥´—∫ ‰¢¡—π ∑”„À≢¡—π¥Ÿ¥´÷¡‡¢â“ Ÿà√à“ß°“¬πâÕ¬ ®÷ß∑”„Àâ≈¥√–¥—∫‰¢¡—π„π‡≈◊Õ¥‰¥â „¬Õ“À“√¬—ߙ૬ ¢—∫∂à“¬‰¡à„Àâ∑âÕߺŸ° ™à«¬„Àâ°“√‡§≈Ë◊Õπ‰À«¢Õß≈”‰ â¥’¢÷Èπ ªÑÕß°—π‰¡à„À⇰‘¥‚√§√‘¥ ’¥«ß∑«“√ ∑Õâ ߺ°Ÿ ‡√Õ◊È √ß— ´ß÷Ë ‡ªπì ª®í ®¬— ÀπßË÷ ∑∑Ë’ ”„À‡â °¥‘ ¡–‡√ßÁ ≈”‰ â„À≠à ·µºà °— æπ◊È ∫“â π∫“ß™π¥‘ ¡ ’ “√ÕÕ°´“‡≈µ  Ÿß ‡™àπ º—°‚¢¡ º—°µ‘È« º—°‡¡Á° º—°À«“πªÉ“ „∫™–æ≈Ÿ ‡ªìπµâπ µâÕß√—∫ª√–∑“π√à«¡°—∫‡π◊ÈÕ —µ«å ‡æ√“–®“°°“√«®‘ ¬— æ∫«“à ∂“â √“à ß°“¬‰¥√â ∫—  “√ÕÕ°´“‡≈µÀ√Õ◊ °√¥ÕÕ°´“≈§‘ „πª√¡‘ “≥ ßŸ ·µà‰¥√â ∫—  “√øÕ ‡øµ®“°‡πÈ◊Õ µ— «åπÕâ ¬°®Á –‡ªπì  “‡ÀµÀÿ π÷ËߢÕß°“√‡°¥‘ π«‘Ë „π°√–‡æ“–ª í  “«–  “√µ“â πÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈Õ‘ √–®“°º—°æ◊Èπ∫â“π  “√µâ“πÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈Õ‘ √–¡’§«“¡ ”§—≠„π·ßરªÑÕß√à“ß°“¬¢Õ߇√“‰¡à„Àâ·°à‡√Á« ™à«¬ ªÑÕß°—π‚√§‡ ÕË◊ ¡µ“à ß Ê µß—È ·µà‚√§¢Õâ ‚√§À—«„® ‚√§Õ¡— 擵 ·≈–‚√§¡–‡√Áß  “√µâ“πÕπ¡ÿ ≈Ÿ Õ‘ √– ¬—ߙ૬√—°…“Õ“°“√¢Õß‚√§∑’ˇ°Ë’¬«‡πË◊Õß°—∫¿Ÿ¡‘µâ“π∑“𠇙àπ ™à«¬∫√√‡∑“Õ“°“√·æâÕ“°“» ™à«¬ „π°“√ªÑÕß°π— ‚√§¢Õâ √¡Ÿ “µÕ¬¥å ‡ªπì µπâ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑Ë’ 4 239 Õ“À“√æπ◊È ∫“â π‰∑¬  “√µ“â πÕπÿ¡≈Ÿ Õ‘ √–∑’Ë ”§≠— Ê ∑Ëæ’ ∫„πº°— æÈ◊π∫â“π ‰¥â·°à ‡∫µ“â -§“‚√∑’π ·≈–«‘µ“¡π‘ ´’ 1) ‡∫µâ“-§“‚√∑’𠇪ìπ«‘µ“¡‘π‡Õ∑’Ëæ∫‡©æ“–„πæ◊™ ‡ªìπ “√µâ“πÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈Õ‘ √– ®÷ߪÑÕß°—π¡–‡√Á߉¥â¥’ ∑ȗ߬—߇ªìπ “√∑Ë’ “¡“√∂°√–µÿâπ¿Ÿ¡‘µâ“π∑“π „π¢≥–‡¥’¬«°—π‡∫µâ“-§“‚√∑’π ®–∑”„À⇴≈≈å√à“ß°“¬·¢Áß·√ߢ÷È𠇪ìπ°“√™–≈Õ§«“¡™√“ ·≈–ªÑÕß°—π°“√°≈“¬‰ª‡ªìπ‡´≈≈å ¡–‡√Á߉¥â º—°„∫‡¢’¬«®—¥Ê ®–¡’‡∫µâ“-§“‚√∑’π„πª√‘¡“≥¡“° º—°æ◊Èπ∫â“π∑Ë’¡’‡∫µâ“-§“‚√∑’π¡“° ‡™πà „∫¬Õ „∫¬“à π“ß „∫™–æ≈Ÿ „∫µ”≈ß÷ „∫∫—«∫° „∫·¡ß≈—° „∫‡À¡’¬ß º°— °Ÿ¥ º°— ™≈’ “« º—°·æ« º—°·«àπ ¬Õ¥·§ „∫¢‡È’ À≈°Á „∫°–‡æ√“ 2) «‘µ“¡‘π´’ æ∫„πº—° ¥·≈–º≈‰¡ â ¥∑°ÿ ™π¥‘ «‘µ“¡‘π´’‡ªìπ “√µâ“πÕπ¡ÿ Ÿ≈Õ‘ √– ‡æË‘¡§«“¡·¢Áß·°√àß ·≈–‡æ‘Ë¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ°“√∑”ß“π¢Õ߇¡Á¥‡≈◊Õ¥¢“« ™à«¬∫√√‡∑“Õ“°“√¢Õß ¿Ÿ¡‘·æ⠙૬√–∫“¬∑âÕß ™à«¬ªÑÕß°—π°“√·¢Áßµ—«·≈–°“√Õÿ¥µ—π¢Õ߇ âπ‡≈◊Õ¥ ®÷ߪÑÕß°—π‚√§ À≈Õ¥‡≈Õ◊ ¥À«— „® ·≈–Õ—¡æ“µ ™à«¬ ¡“π·º≈ ™à«¬√—°…“Õ“°“√À«—¥ §≈“¬‡§√¬’ ¥ «µ‘ “¡‘π´’¡¡’ “° „𧫓¡ ¥ ´ßË÷  ¥‡∑“à ‰√¬ßË‘ ¡’«‘µ“¡‘π´’¡“°‡∑“à π—Èπ µ—«Õ¬“à ߺ—°æÈπ◊ ∫“â π∑Ë’¡’ƒ∑∏ϵ‘ “â πÕπÿ¡≈Ÿ Õ‘ √– · ¥ß„πµ“√“ß∑Ë’ 5 µ“√“ß∑Ë’ 5 · ¥ßº—°æÈ◊π∫â“π∑’Ë¡’ƒ∑∏‘ϵ“â πÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈Õ ‘ √– º°— æπÈ◊ ∫â“π ƒ∑∏µÏ‘ â“πÕπ¡ÿ Ÿ≈Õ ‘ √– º—°æÈ◊π∫â“π ƒ∑∏µÏ‘ â“πÕπ¡ÿ ≈Ÿ Õ‘ √– °√–‚¥π∫° +++ ¥Õ°‚ π + ∂Ë—«·ª∫ + „∫¢È’‡À≈°Á + „∫™–æ≈Ÿ + „∫™–Õ¡ + „∫∫—«∫° + „∫¬Õ + º—°°√–‡©¥ ++ º°— ‚¢¡‰∑¬ + º—°™Ω’ √—ßË + º—°™’≈“« + º°— µ«‘È ++ º°— ‰ºà + º°— ‡¡Á° +++ º°— ‡ ¬’È π + º—°‡ È’¬« + Ω°í ·≈–¬Õ¥°√–∂‘π +++ æ√°‘ ‰∑¬ ¥ ++ ¬Õ¥æ√°‘ + ¬Õ¥ –‡¥“ ++  –µÕ +  –·≈ + ÀÕ¡·À¬â + ƒ∑∏µÏ‘ â“πÕπ¡ÿ Ÿ≈Õ‘ √– : +++  ßŸ , ++ ª“π°≈“ß, + πâÕ¬ ∑¡’Ë “: ≈≈‘µ“ ∏√’ – √‘ ,‘ 2543 °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°

240 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æÕË◊  ¢ÿ ¿“æ ®“°°“√§âπ§«â“∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√åæ∫«à“ º—°æ◊Èπ∫â“πÀ≈“¬™π‘¥¡’ “√ ”§—≠∑Ë’ÕÕ°ƒ∑∏Ï‘ µâ“π‚√§µà“ßÊ À√◊Õ¡’·π«‚πâ¡∑’Ë “¡“√∂ à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ„Àâ·¢Áß·√ß Àà“߉°≈®“°‚√§√⓬µà“ßÊ ‰¥â¥—ßµ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë· ¥ß„πµ“√“ß∑’Ë 6 ·≈–µ—«Õ¬à“ߺ—°æÈ◊π∫â“π∑’Ë¡’ √√æ§ÿ≥∑“߬“µà“ßÊ · ¥ß‰«â„𠵓√“ß∑Ë’ 7-13 µ“√“ß∑’Ë 6 · ¥ß∫∑∫“∑„π°“√√°— …“‚√§¢Õߺ—°æÈ◊π∫“â π º°— æÈ◊π∫“â π  “√ÕÕ°ƒ∑∏‘Ï ∫∑∫“∑„π°“√√—°…“‚√§ °√–™“¬ camphene, thujene, zingerone, ™à«¬¬Õà ¬ ¢∫— ≈¡ ·°â∑Õâ ßÕ◊¥ ·°âÀ¥◊ ·°â‰Õ citral, methyl gingerol, shogaol, ∫”√ÿßπ”È π¡ °√–‡∑¬’ ¡ allicin, allyl disulphide µ“â π°“√Õ—°‡ ∫ ≈¥§Õ‡≈ ‡µÕ√Õ≈ °–‡æ√“ volatile oil ¢—∫π”È ¥’ ™à«¬¬Õà ¬‰¢¡—π ·°®â °ÿ ‡ ¬’ ¥ ¢“à volatile oil, kaempferol ¢—∫≈¡ ·°â∑âÕßÕ◊¥ ¢—∫‡ ¡À– ¢ß‘ borneol, fenchone, 6-gingerol, ¢—∫≈¡ ¢∫— π”È ¥’ ·°§â ≈Ëπ◊ ‰ âÕ“‡®¬’ π 6-shogaol ¢‡È’ À≈Á° anthraquinones, barakol ¬“√–∫“¬ √–ß∫— ª√– “∑ ™à«¬„Àπâ ÕπÀ≈—∫ ¥ª’ ≈’ piperine, chavicine ·°â∑âÕßÕ◊¥ ¢—∫‡ ¡À– °√–µâπÿ ª√– “∑ µ–‰§√â volatile oil ¢—∫≈¡ ¢∫— ª í  “«– ∂Ë«— ·ª∫ dolichosterone ·°âÕ°— ‡ ∫ ∫—«∫° asiatic acid, madecassic acid  ¡“π·º≈ ‡√àß°“√ßÕ°¢Õ߇π◊ÕÈ ‡¬ÕË◊ √–ß∫— °“√‡®√‘≠¢Õß·∫§∑’‡√’¬ º—°§√“¥ spilanthol ¬“™“‡©æ“–∑Ë’ ‰æ≈ veratrole ¢¬“¬À≈Õ¥≈¡ √°— …“ÀÕ∫À◊¥ æ√‘°‰∑¬ piperine °√–µâÿπª√– “∑ ¡–√–¢π’È ° charantin ≈¥π”È µ“≈„π‡≈◊Õ¥ ¡–≈–°Õ papain carpaine ™«à ¬¬Õà ¬‡πÕÈ◊  —µ«å ∫”√ßÿ À«— „® ¬“à π“ß alkaloids (‡™àπ tiliacorine) ≈¥‰¢â ¬ÀË’ √“à carvone ¢—∫≈¡  ¡Õ‰∑¬ anthraquinones ¬“√–∫“¬  –‡¥“ nimbolide ¶“à ‡™◊ÕÈ ¡“≈“‡√’¬„πÀ≈Õ¥∑¥≈Õß  –√–·Àπà volatile ois ¢∫— ≈¡ ·°â∑Õâ ßÕ◊¥  —∫ª–√¥ bomelin ‡Õπ‰´¡å¬Õà ¬‚ª√µ’π ∑’Ë¡“: ≈≈‘µ“ ∏’√– ‘√,‘ 2543 πÕ°®“°πÈ’ À“°®”·π°º—°æÈ◊π∫â“πµ“¡ª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√„™â‡ªìπ ¡ÿπ‰æ√‡æ◊ËÕªÑÕß°—π À√◊Õ√—°…“‚√§ À√◊ÕÕ“°“√µà“ßÊ ∑’ˉ¡à√ÿπ·√ß µ“¡·π« ¡ÿπ‰æ√‡æË◊Õ„™â„π°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢¡Ÿ≈∞“π °Á “¡“√∂®”·π°‰¥â ¥—ßµ«— Õ¬“à ßµÕà ‰ªπÈ’ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

µ“√“ß∑Ë’ 7 · ¥ßº°— æÈπ◊ ∫“â π∑’¡Ë ’ √√æ§≥ÿ ·°â∑Õâ ߇ ’¬ ™ÕË◊ ∑«—Ë ‰ª ™Ë◊Õ«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å ª√–‚¬™πå∑“߬“ ª√–‚¬™π∑å “ßÕ“À“√  “√Õ“À“√ 1. °≈⫬ Musa spp. º≈¥∫‘ ¡·’ ∑ππ‘π·°â∑Õâ ߇ ¬’ À¬«°°≈«â ¬ ·°ß°–∑‘ À√Õ◊ °‘π ¥°∫— πÈ”æ√‘° §“√å‚∫‰Œ‡¥√µ (´Ÿ‚§√  ø√§ÿ ‚µ  Musaceae °≈‚Ÿ § ) ‡À≈°Á ‚ª·µ ‡´’¬¡  ¡“π·º≈ À—«ª≈’ °‘π ¥°—∫‡µ“â ‡®’Ȭ«À≈π º¥— ‰∑¬ º≈ °ÿ ¡‡’ æ°µπ‘ ™«à ¬√–∫“¬∑âÕß º≈¥‘∫ ∑” â¡µ” ·°ß°–∑‘ À—«ª≈’ ·°â‚≈Àµ‘ ®“ß ≈¥§«“¡¥π— º≈ ÿ° °‘π ¥ π”¡“‡™◊ÕË ¡ ·°ß∫«¥ ¬à“ß µâ¡ ∫”√ÿßπÈ”π¡ ·°√â âÕπ„π °«π ©“∫ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 241 „∫ Õß— ‰øª√–§∫·°ªâ «¥‡¡Õ◊Ë ¬ Õ“À“√æπÈ◊ ∫â“π‰∑¬ 2. °√–‚¥ππÈ” Barringtonia (µÕß, ªÿ¬ “¬)°Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ °acutangula (L.) °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °Gaertn. Lecythidaceae ‡ª≈◊Õ°µπâ ·°â∑Õâ ߇ ¬’ (¡’·∑ππ‘π ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π ·≈–¥Õ°ÕÕà π ≈«°®¡‘È π”È æ√°‘ ª≈“√“â «µ‘ “¡π‘ ‡Õ  ßŸ ∂ß÷ 16%) ·°ßº—°√«¡ º°—  ¥·°≈¡â ≈“∫ √“° ‡ªπì ¬“√–∫“¬ÕàÕπÊ ‡¡≈Á¥ ∫¥º ¡°∫— ¢‘߇æÕË◊ ¢∫— ‡ ¡À– 3. ·§ Sesbania glandiflora ‡ª≈Õ◊ °µπâ ·°∑â âÕ߇ ’¬ „™‡â ªìπº°— ®‘¡È π”È æ√‘° ·°ß â¡ ·°ß·§ ¬Õ¥·≈–¥Õ° ¡·’ §≈‡´’¬¡ ‡À≈°Á (L.) Poir. „∫ ‡ªπì ¬“√–∫“¬ «‘µ“¡‘π‡Õ «‘µ“¡π‘ ∫À’ π÷Ëß Fabaceae ¬Õ¥·≈–¥Õ° ·°â‰¢Àâ «— ≈¡ «µ‘ “¡π‘ ∫’ 2

242 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√µ“√“ß∑’Ë 8 · ¥ßº—°æÈπ◊ ∫â“π∑Ë’¡’ √√æ§≥ÿ ·°â∑Õâ ߺ°Ÿ ™ÕË◊ ∑«—Ë ‰ª ™Ë◊Õ«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ¢ÿ ¿“æª√–‚¬™π∑å “ß¬“ª√–‚¬™π∑å “ßÕ“À“√ “√Õ“À“√ 1. ¡–¢“¡°Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ °Tamarindus indica‡πÈ◊Õ„πΩí°·°à ‡ªπì ¬“√–∫“¬ (À¡“°·°ß)°√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°Fabaceae¢∫— ‡ ¡À– ‡¡≈Á¥ ¢∫— 欓∏‘„π≈”‰ â ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ ·≈–¥Õ°ÕÕà π „ à„πµâ¡‚§≈âß µ¡â ¬” «µ‘ “¡‘π´’ (‚¥¬‡©æ“–¬Õ¥ÕÕà π) Ω°í ÕàÕπ ∑”π”È æ√‘°¡–¢“¡ Ω°í ·°à °π‘ ‡ªìπº≈‰¡â ∑”¡–¢“¡‡ªï¬° ”À√—∫ª√ÿßÕ“À“√ 2. ¢‡È’ À≈°Á Senna siamia ™àÕ¥Õ°·≈–¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π ·≈–™àÕ¥Õ° µâ¡®‘È¡πÈ”æ√‘°ª≈“√“â øÕ øÕ√—  ‡À≈Á° «µ‘ “¡π‘ ‡Õ (º—°®’È≈È’) (Lam.) Irwin&Barneby ‡ªìπ¬“√–∫“¬ ™à«¬„ÀâπÕπÀ≈—∫ ·°ß°—∫ª≈“¬à“ß À√◊Õ·°ß°—∫„∫¬à“π“ß «‘µ“¡‘π∫ ’ Õß ‚ª√µ’π Fabaceae √“° ™à«¬·°â‰¢â ·°ß∫«π 3. º—°ª≈—ß Basella rubra L. ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ ·≈–™Õà ¥Õ° ·°∑â Õâ ߺ°Ÿ „™‡â ªπì º°— ®‘¡È πÈ”æ√‘° ·°ß („ ·à Àπ¡) «‘µ“¡π‘ ‡Õ (º—°ªõíß) Fabaceae ·ππà ∑Õâ ß ·°ß‡≈¬’ ß ∑È—ßµâπ ™«à ¬¢∫— ªí  “«–

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 9 · ¥ßº—°æÈπ◊ ∫“â π∑’Ë¡ ’ √√æ§ÿ≥·°∑â âÕßÕ◊¥∑Õâ ߇øÕÑ ™Õ◊Ë ∑«Ë— ‰ª ™Õ◊Ë «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å ª√–‚¬™πå∑“߬“ ª√–‚¬™π∑å “ßÕ“À“√  “√Õ“À“√ 1. ¢¡πÈ‘ ¢“« Curcuma mangga ‡Àß“â ¡’πÈ”¡—πÀÕ¡√–‡À¬ ‡Àßâ“ º°—  ¥°‘π°∫— π”È æ√°‘ „ à¬” ·°ß øÕ øÕ√ — ‡À≈Á° Zingiberaceae ™«à ¬¢—∫≈¡„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ - ≈¥Õ“°“√∑Õâ ßÕ¥◊ ‡øÕÑ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 2432. º—°¢’ÈÀŸ¥ Õ“À“√æπÈ◊ ∫â“π‰∑¬ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ ° Raphanus sativus L. „∫ µâπ ·≈–‡¡≈Á¥ ·°∑â âÕßÕ¥◊ ‡øÑÕ ™Õà ¥Õ°ÕÕà π·≈–Ω°í µâ¡À√Õ◊ ≈«°®¡‘È πÈ”æ√‘° «µ‘ “¡π‘ ´’ Brassicaceae Õ“À“√‰¡à¬àÕ¬ ·°ß·§ ¬”®‘πÈ ‰°à ·°ß ¡â ·°ßª“É ¥Õ° ¢—∫πÈ”¥’ √“° ÿ° ¬“√–∫“¬  ¡“π≈”‰ â 3. ™â“æ≈Ÿ (™–æ≈)Ÿ Piper sarmentosum „∫ ¢∫— ≈¡ ·°∑â Õâ ßÕ¥◊ ‡øÕÑ „∫ÕÕà π °π‘ ‡ªπì º—° ¥°—∫≈“∫  â¡µ” ·§≈‡´¬’ ¡ ‡À≈Á° ‰πÕ–´‘π (º—°·§ º°— æ≈πŸ °) Roxb. Piperaceae ∫”√ßÿ ∏“µÿ „ à„π·°ß‡πÈÕ◊ ·°ß·§ ¢“â «¬” ·°ß§—«Ë ÀÕ¬¢¡ √“° ¢—∫‡ ¡À– ‡¡¬’Ë ß§” 4.  –§â“π Piper interruptum ‡∂“ µπâ ·≈–„∫ ¢∫— ≈¡ ·°à𠇪πì ‡§√◊ÕË ß‡∑» („ à„π·°ß¢ππÿ ·°ß·§) - (®–§“â π) Opiz. Piperaceae ·°®â ÿ°‡ ¬’ ¥ ∫”√ßÿ ∏“µÿ „∫ „ à„π≈“∫ °Õâ ¬ √“° ·°â‰¢â ÀÕ∫À◊¥ À√◊Õ°‘π‡ªπì º—°‡æË◊Õ¥∫— °≈πË‘ §“«

244 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√µ“√“ß∑’Ë 10 · ¥ßº°— æ◊Èπ∫â“π∑’¡Ë ’ √√æ§≥ÿ ·°â‰¢â Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ¢ÿ ¿“æ™ÕË◊ ∑«Ë— ‰ª ™◊ËÕ«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√åª√–‚¬™πå∑“߬“ª√–‚¬™π∑å “ßÕ“À“√ “√Õ“À“√ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ °1. º—°°¥Ÿ °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°(°¥Ÿ °π‘ ) Diplazium esculentum „∫ ·°â‰¢â µ—«√âÕπ ∫”√ÿß “¬µ“ ¬Õ¥ÕàÕ𠬔 º¥— πÈ”¡—πÀÕ¬ ·°ß â¡ ·°ß‡≈¬’ ß ‡À≈°Á «‘µ“¡π‘ ‡Õ «‘µ“¡π‘ ∫’Àπ÷Ëß 2. º—°‡™’¬ß¥“ (º°— ‡´¬’ ߥ“ Athyriaceae ∫”√ÿß‚≈À‘µ ≈«°®‘È¡π”È æ√‘° ‡®¬’ ߥ“) Gymnema inodorum ™àÕ¥Õ°·≈–¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π ≈«°®‘¡È πÈ”æ√‘° ·°ß√«à ¡°∫— º°— ÕπË◊ Ê øÕ øÕ√ — «‘µ“¡‘π‡Õ «‘µ“¡π‘ ´’ 3. µ”≈÷ß (º—°·§∫) (Lour.) Decne. ‡ªπì ¬“√–∫“¬ ™à«¬„ÀâπÕπÀ≈—∫ (º°— ¥¥’ ™–Õ¡ º°— ‡ ¬È’ «) Asclepiadaceae √“° ™«à ¬·°â‰¢â Coccinia grandis (L.) „∫ º ¡¬“‡¢’¬« ≈¥‰¢â ∂Õπæ…‘ „™â‡ªπì º°— ®¡‘È πÈ”æ√‘° ·°ß („ à·Àπ¡) «µ‘ “¡‘π‡Õ (º≈¥∫‘ ) Voigt Cucurbitaceae ¢—∫‡ ¡À– ·°ß‡≈’¬ß ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π ∫√√‡∑“Õ“°“√∑âÕßÕ¥◊ ∑Õâ ߇øÕÑ

µ“√“ß∑’Ë 11 · ¥ßº°— æÈπ◊ ∫“â π∑¡’Ë ’ √√æ§≥ÿ ·°â‰Õ ™Õ◊Ë ∑«Ë— ‰ª ™◊ÕË «∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å ª√–‚¬™π∑å “ß¬“ ª√–‚¬™πå∑“ßÕ“À“√  “√Õ“À“√ 1. ¡–·«â߇§√Õ◊ Solanum trilobatumL. º≈ ·°â‰Õ ‡®∫Á §Õ ¢∫— ‡ ¡À– ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ ·≈–º≈ÕàÕπ °‘π ¥ À√Õ◊ π”¡“≈«° øÕ øÕ√—  ‰πÕ–´‘π À√◊Õ‡º“‰ø °Õà π°π‘ °∫— π”È æ√‘° Solanaceae ‡®√≠‘ Õ“À“√ À√Õ◊ ∑∫ÿ „ à„π·°ßÀ√◊ÕπÈ”æ√°‘ ∑ÿ° «à 𠇪πì  «à πº ¡„π¬“µâ¡ ·°¡â –‡√ßÁ ∫∑∑’Ë 4 2452. º—°¢“‡¢’¬¥ (º—°Œ‘Èπ) Õ“À“√æπÈ◊ ∫â“π‰∑¬ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ ° Monochoria vaginalis „∫ §Èπ— πÈ”°‘π·°â‰Õ ¢—∫ªí  “«– ¬Õ¥ÕàÕπ ·≈–„∫ÕàÕπ °π‘  ¥°∫— π”È æ√‘° «µ‘ “¡‘π‡Õ (Burm.f.) C. Presl ex À√Õ◊ π”¡“µ”æÕ°Ωï Kunth Ponteridiaceae µ“√“ß∑’Ë 12 · ¥ßº—°æ◊πÈ ∫â“π∑¡’Ë ’ √√æ§ÿ≥·°âª«¥øíπ ™ÕË◊ ∑«—Ë ‰ª ™Õ◊Ë «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å ª√–‚¬™πå∑“߬“ ª√–‚¬™π∑å “ßÕ“À“√  “√Õ“À“√ - 1. º—°§√“¥À«— ·À«π Spilanthes acmella ™Õà ¥Õ°·≈–„∫ ·°ªâ «¥øπí ∑È—ßµπâ ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π °‘π‡ªìπº°—  ¥°—∫πÈ”æ√°‘ ≈“∫  ¡â µ” (º°— ‡º¥Á ) Murr. Asteraceae ·°â‰¢â„π‡¥Á° ·°âæ…‘ ·°âª«¥øíπ „ à„π·°ß·§ ‡®√‘≠Õ“À“√ ¢∫— ≈¡„π°√–‡æ“–

246 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√µ“√“ß∑Ë’ 13 · ¥ßº—°æπÈ◊ ∫â“π∑Ë¡’ ’ √√æ§ÿ≥‡®√‘≠Õ“À“√ ™ÕË◊ ∑«Ë— ‰ª ™Õ◊Ë «‘∑¬“»“ µ√å Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ¢ÿ ¿“æª√–‚¬™πå∑“߬“ª√–‚¬™πå∑“ßÕ“À“√ “√Õ“À“√ 1. º°— ·æ√«°Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° (º—°‰ºà)°√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ° 2. ‡æ°“ Polygonum odoratum ™«à ¬‡®√‘≠Õ“À“√ ¢—∫≈¡„π°√–‡æ“– ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π „ à„πµ¡â ¬”·≈–≈“∫ «µ‘ “¡‘π‡Õ øÕ øÕ√ — (¡–≈¥‘ ‰¡)â Lour. Polygonaceae 3. ¡–√–¢π’È ° Oroxylum indicum ∑ÿ° à«π ™à«¬‡®√≠‘ Õ“À“√ ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π ·≈–°≈∫’ ¥Õ° µâ¡°π‘ °—∫π”È æ√°‘ - (¡–ÀÕà ¬) (L.) Kurz Bignoniaceae ‡¡≈¥Á ·°à ¬“√–∫“¬ ·°â‰Õ ¢∫— ‡ ¡À– À√Õ◊ ≈“∫ 4.  –‡¥“ ( –‡≈¬’ ¡) ·°â√âÕπ„π Ω°í ÕàÕπ µâ¡À√◊Õ¬“à ߉ø °π‘ °∫— πÈ”æ√°‘ √“°·≈–‡ª≈◊Õ°µâπ ·°â∑Õâ ß√«à ß ·°â‰¢â Momordica º≈ ™«à ¬‡®√‘≠Õ“À“√ ·°â‰¢â ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π °‘π‡ªπì º°—  ¥ À√◊Õ≈«°®‘È¡π”È æ√‘° øÕ øÕ√—  «‘µ“¡‘π∫’ÀπßË÷ charanthia L. ™«à ¬≈¥πÈ”µ“≈„π‡≈Õ◊ ¥ ·°ß‡≈’¬ß (¬Õ¥ÕÕà π) Cucurbitaceae „∫ ¬“√–∫“¬ÕÕà πÊ ¢∫— 欓∏‘ º≈ÕÕà π °‘π‡ªπì º°—  ¥ À√Õ◊ µ¡â ®¡‘È π”È æ√‘° «µ‘ “¡π‘ ´’ (º≈) º—¥°—∫‰¢à Azadirachta indica A. ‡®√≠‘ Õ“À“√ ∫√√‡∑“§«“¡√Õâ π ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π ·≈–™Õà ¥Õ°  ¥À√Õ◊ ≈«° ‡À≈°Á ‰πÕ–´π‘ «‘µ“¡π‘ ‡Õ «‘µ“¡π‘ ´’ Juss.Meliaceae ∫”√ÿß∏“µÿ °π‘ °∫— π”È ª≈“À«“π À√Õ◊ ®¡‘È πÈ”æ√‘°

∫∑∑’Ë 4 247 Õ“À“√æ◊Èπ∫“â π‰∑¬ ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å¢Õߺ—°æ◊πÈ ∫“â π·≈–‡§√Ë◊Õ߇∑»∫“ß™π¥‘ 1) °≈«â ¬π”È «â“ Musa sapientum Linn. (Family Musaceae)  √√æ§≥ÿ º≈°≈⫬¥‘∫ √ Ω“¥ ¡’ƒ∑∏ΩÏ‘ “¥ ¡“π ·°â∑Õâ ߇ ¬’ ¶à“‡™ÈÕ◊ √“„π ™àÕߪ“° °≈«â ¬ °ÿ ™à«¬√–∫“¬∑Õâ ß √—°…“·º≈„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 1.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - °≈⫬¥∫‘ æ∫ “√ tannin, serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine ·≈– catecholamine - °≈«â ¬ °ÿ æ∫ pectin, essential oil, norepinephrine ·≈– organic acids 1.2 ¢âÕ§«√√–«—ß - °“√√∫— ª√–∑“π°≈«â ¬¥∫‘ ‡æÕ◊Ë √°— …“Õ“°“√∑Õâ ߇ ¬’ À“°√∫— ª√–∑“π¡“° ‡°‘π‰ª Õ“®¡’Õ“°“√∑âÕßÕ◊¥‡øÑÕ ªÑÕß°—π‰¥â‚¥¬„™â√à«¡°—∫ ¡ÿπ‰æ√∑Ë’¡’ ƒ∑∏Ï‘¢—∫≈¡ ‡™πà ¢‘ß æ√‘°‰∑¬ ‡ªπì µπâ 2) ¢¡‘Èπ¢“« Curcuma mangga Valeton & Zijp (Zingiberaceae)  √√æ§≥ÿ ‡Àßâ“ ¡’π”È ¡π— ÀÕ¡√–‡À¬™à«¬¢∫— ≈¡„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√ ≈¥Õ“°“√ ∑Õâ ßÕ¥◊ ‡øÕÑ ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 2.1 Õߧªå √–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - π”È ¡π— ÀÕ¡√–‡À¬∑¡’Ë  ’ “√°≈¡àÿ monoterpenes (91.2%) ‡ªπì Õߧªå √–°Õ∫ À≈°—  “√ ”§≠— „π°≈¡ÿà πÈ’ ‰¥·â °à myrcene (78.6%), (E)- β-ocimene (5.1%), β-pinene (3.7%) ·≈– α-pinene (2.9%) - curcuminoids ‰¥·â °à curcumin, demethoxycurcumin ·≈– bisdeme- thoxycurcumin 2.2 ƒ∑∏Ï∑‘ “߇¿ ™— «∑‘ ¬“ -  “√ °¥— ¥«â ¬π”È ¡º’ ≈‡æ¡Ë‘ fluidity ¢Õ߇≈Õ◊ ¥„πÀ≈Õ¥∑¥≈Õß ¥ß— ππÈ— ®ß÷ ‡™Õ◊Ë «“à ¢¡πÈ‘ ¢“«¡’»—°¬¿“æ≈¥Õÿ∫—µ‘°“√≥¿å “«–‡≈◊Õ¥·¢Áßµ—«‰¥â -  “√ °—¥‡Àß“â ¢¡‘Èπ¢“«¡ƒ’ ∑∏‘ϵâ“πÕÕ°´‡‘ ¥™—π ‡¡◊ËÕ∑¥ Õ∫¥«â ¬ Thiocy anate ·≈– TBA methods °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

248 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æ◊ËÕ ¢ÿ ¿“æ 3) ¢È’‡À≈°Á Cassia siamea Britt. (Family Leguminosae)  √√æ§≥ÿ ¥Õ°µ¡Ÿ ·≈–„∫ÕÕà π√ ¢¡ ™«à ¬√–∫“¬∑Õâ ß ·°πà ‡ªπì ¬“√–∫“¬ ·≈– ¥Õ°µ¡Ÿ ™à«¬∑”„Àπâ ÕπÀ≈—∫ ‡®√≠‘ Õ“À“√ ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 3.1 Õߧªå √–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - „∫ÕÕà π ·≈–¥Õ° æ∫ “√°≈ÿà¡ chromone ‰¥·â °à barakol - „∫ æ∫ anthraquinones ∑’Ë ”§≠— ‰¥·â °à rhein, sennoside, chrysophanol, aloe-emodin 3.2 ƒ∑∏‘Ï∑“߇¿ ™— «∑‘ ¬“ -  “√ anthraquinones ÕÕ°ƒ∑∏‘‡Ï ªìπ¬“√–∫“¬ -  “√ °¥— ¥«â ¬·Õ≈°ÕŒÕ≈å¢Õß„∫¢’ȇÀ≈Á°¡’ƒ∑∏°Ï‘ ¥ª√– “∑ à«π°≈“ß ∑”„Àâ µ— «å∑¥≈Õß¡’Õ“°“√´÷¡ ‡§≈ËÕ◊ π‰À«™â“ ™Õ∫´ÿ°µ«— ·µà‰¡Àà ≈∫— π” “√ °¥— ¥«â ¬·Õ≈°ÕŒÕ≈¢å Õß„∫¢‡’È À≈°Á ¡“∑¥≈Õß„™°â ∫— ºªŸâ «É ¬∑¡Ë’ Õ’ “°“√°√–«π°√–«“¬ πÕπ‰¡àÀ≈—∫ æ∫«à“ “¡“√∂ÕÕ°ƒ∑∏Ï‘ ß∫ª√– “∑‰¥â¥’ ™à«¬„ÀâπÕπÀ≈—∫ ·≈–√–ß—∫Õ“°“√∑“ß ª√– “∑‰¥â 4) ™–¡«ß Garcinia cowa Roxb. (Guttiferae)  √√æ§ÿ≥ „∫·≈–º≈ √ ‡ª√¬’È « ™«à ¬√–∫“¬∑Õâ ß ·°â‰¢â °¥— øÕ°‡ ¡À– ·°∏â “µæÿ °‘ “√ „∫º ¡°∫— ¬“™π‘¥Õ◊πË ª√ßÿ ‡ªìπ¬“¢∫— ‡≈◊Õ¥‡ ’¬  à«π√“° „™·â °â‰¢â ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å 4.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - º≈ æ∫ “√°≈à¡ÿ xanthones ‰¥â·°à β-mangostin, 1-hydorxy-3,6, 7-trimethoxy-2,8-bis-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) xanthone, 1, 3- dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-2,8-bis-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) xanthone, 7-O-methylgarcinone E, 1,6-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-5,8-bis-- (3-methyl-2-butenyl)-6û,6û-dimethyl pyrano-(2û,3û:3,2) xanthone ·≈– 1,6-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-6û,6û- dimethylpyrano-(2û,3û:3,2) xanthone - „∫ º≈ ·≈– ‡ª≈◊Õ° æ∫ organic acid ∑Ë ’ ”§≠— ‰¥·â °à hydroxycitric acid, (-)-hydroxycitric acid lactone ·≈– oxalic acid ·≈– citric acid °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑’Ë 4 249 Õ“À“√æπÈ◊ ∫â“π‰∑¬ - π”È ¬“ß æ∫ xanthones 5 ™π¥‘ ‰¥·â °à cowagarcinone A-E - º≈ æ∫ tetraoxygenated xanthones ‰¥·â °à cowaxanthones A-E 4.2 ƒ∑∏‘∑Ï “߇¿ —™«‘∑¬“ -  “√ °—¥¥«â ¬ hexane ·≈– chloroform ¢Õ߇ª≈Õ◊ °º≈™–¡«ß ¡’ƒ∑∏Ï‘ µâ“π‡™ÈÕ◊ √“ Aspergillus flavus ¥â«¬§“à MIC 3000 ppm πÕ°®“°πÈ’  “√ °¥— ∑ßÈ—  Õß «à π¬ß—  “¡“√∂¬∫— ¬ß—È °“√ √“â ß aflatoxin B1 ‰¥â 100% ¥â«¬§«“¡‡¢â¡¢âπ 2000 ppm 5) ™“â æ≈Ÿ (™–æ≈Ÿ) Piper sarmentosum Roxb. (Family Piperaceae)  √√æ§ÿ≥ „∫ ¢—∫≈¡ ·°â∑âÕßÕ¥◊ ‡øÕÑ ∫”√ßÿ ∏“µÿ √“° „™¢â —∫‡ ¡À– ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å 5.1 Õߧªå √–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - º≈ æ∫ “√°≈¡ÿà amides ‰¥·â °à guineensine, brachystamide B, sarmentine, brachyamide B,1-piperettyl pyrrolidine, 3û,4û,5û- trimethoxycinnamoyl pyrrolidine ·≈– sarmentosine  “√°≈àÿ¡ lignans ‰¥â·°à (+)-asarinin ·≈– sesamin ·≈– “√Õ◊ËπÊ ‰¥·â °à stig- masterol, β-sitosterol, methyl piperate ·≈– 1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)- 1 E-tetradecene 5.2 ƒ∑∏‘∑Ï “߇¿ ™— «‘∑¬“ -  “√ °¥— ¥«â ¬πÈ”∑ßÈ— µπâ ¢Õßæ™◊ ¡ƒ’ ∑∏≈‘Ï ¥π”È µ“≈„π‡≈Õ◊ ¥„πÀπŸ(rats) ∑∂’Ë °Ÿ ‡Àπˬ’ «π”„À⇪πì ‡∫“À«“π¥«â ¬ streptozotocin -  “√ °¥— ¥«â ¬§≈Õ‚√øÕ√¡å ¡’ƒ∑∏µÏ‘ “â π‡™ÈÕ◊ ¡“≈“‡√¬’ 6) ∫«— ∫° Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Family Umbelliferae)  √√æ§≥ÿ °≈πË‘ ÀÕ¡ √ ¢¡‡≈°Á πÕâ ¬ ·°Õà Õà π‡æ≈¬’ ‡¡ÕË◊ ¬≈“â ≈¥Õ“°“√Õ°— ‡ ∫¡ƒ’ ∑∏‘Ï  ¡“π·º≈ ∑”„Àâ·º≈À“¬‡√Á« ·°∑â âÕßÕ◊¥ ∑Õâ ߇ ¬’ ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 6.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - triterpenoid ·≈– triterpenoid glycosides ‰¥â·°à asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid ·≈– madecassic acid ‡ªìπµπâ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

250 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æ◊ÕË  ÿ¢¿“æ - saponins ‰¥·â °à brahmoside ·≈– brahminoside - pectin 6.2 ƒ∑∏∑Ï‘ “߇¿ ™— «‘∑¬“ -  “√ °—¥¥â«¬ methanol ®“° à«π‡Àπ◊Õ¥‘π¢Õß∫—«∫°¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ϭ—∫¬È—ß °“√‡®√‘≠¢Õ߇´≈≈å¡–‡√Áß™π‘¥ human gastric adenocarcinoma (MK-1) ·≈– human uterineCarcinoma - pectin ∑Ë’·¬°‰¥â®“°∫—«∫° ´Ë÷ßÕߧåª√–°Õ∫ ”§—≠‡ªìπ arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, xylose ·≈– galacturonic acid ¡ƒ’ ∑∏°Ï‘ √–µπâÿ ¿¡Ÿ §‘ ¡âÿ °π— (immunostimulating activity) „πÀ≈Õ¥∑¥≈Õß -  “√°≈ÿà¡ triterpenes ∑’Ëæ∫¡’ƒ∑∏‘ϵâ“π‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬∑Ë’‡ªì𠓇Àµÿ„Àâ ‡°‘¥ÀπÕß ¡’ƒ∑∏¶Ï‘ “à ‡™◊ÈÕ√“ ·≈–µ“â π°“√Õ—°‡ ∫‰¥â -  “√ °¥— ∫«— ∫°¥«â ¬πÈ” (water extract) ·≈– asiaticoside ¡ƒ’ ∑∏¬Ï‘ ∫— ¬ßÈ— °“√ √“â ß nitric oxide (‚¥¬¡ƒ’ ∑∏°‘Ï √–µπâÿ °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß nitric oxide synthase) ´ßË÷ ‡ªπì  “‡Àµ¢ÿ Õß·º≈„π°√–‡æ“–Õ“À“√„πÀπŸ∑¥≈Õ߉¥â 7) ª≈—ß·¥ß Basella rubra L. (Fabaceae)  √√æ§≥ÿ ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π·≈–™Õà ¥Õ° ·°â∑Õâ ߺŸ° ·πàπ∑Õâ ß ∑—ßÈ µπâ ™«à ¬¢—∫ª í  “«– ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 7.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - peptides ‰¥·â °à α- basrubrin ·≈– β-basrubrin - º≈ æ∫ betacyanins ‰¥·â °à gomphrenin I, isogomphrenin I ·≈– II ·≈– gomphrenin III 7.2 ƒ∑∏Ï‘∑“߇¿ ™— «‘∑¬“ - °“√∑¥ Õ∫ƒ∑∏Ï‘µâ“π‡™È◊Õ√“ æ∫«à“ α-basrubrin ·≈– β-basrubrin  “¡“√∂¬—∫¬ß—È HIV-1 reverse transcriptase ¥«â ¬ (% °“√¬∫— ¬ß—È §◊Õ 79.4 ± 7.8% ·≈– 54.6 ± 3.6%, µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ∑Ë’§«“¡‡¢¡â ¢âπ 400 µM) πÕ°®“°π’È ∑—ßÈ α-basrubrin ·≈– β-basrubrin ¬ß— ¡ƒ’ ∑∏Ï‘µâ“𠇙È◊Õ√“∑Ë’·√ßµàÕ Botrytis cinerea, Mycosphaerella arachidicola ·≈– Fusarium oxysporum 8) º—°°¥Ÿ Diplazium esculentum (Family Athyriaceae)  √√æ§ÿ≥ „∫ ·°â‰¢â µ—«√âÕπ ∫”√ßÿ  “¬µ“ ∫”√ÿß‚≈À‘µ ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 8.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑Ë’ 4 251 Õ“À“√æ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬ - flavanone glycoside ‰¥â·°à eriodictyol 5-O-Me ether 7-O-β-D- xylosylgalactoside - triterpene acid ‰¥â·°à esculentic acid 8.2 ƒ∑∏∑Ï‘ “߇¿ —™«∑‘ ¬“ - °“√∑¥ Õ∫À“ƒ∑∏µ‘Ï “â πÕÕ°´‡‘ ¥™π— ¢Õ߬եº°— °¥Ÿ ∑ßÈ—  ¥ ·≈–º“à π°“√∑”„Àâ  ÿ°¥â«¬°“√µâ¡ ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫«‘µ“¡‘πÕ’ æ∫«à“ º—°°Ÿ¥∑È—ß ¥ ( °—¥¥â«¬ π”È ) ·≈–µâ¡ ÿ°·≈â« ¡’ƒ∑∏Ï‘µâ“πÕÕ°´‘‡¥™—π Ÿß°«à“«‘µ“¡‘πÕ’ ‡¡Ë◊Õ∑¥ Õ∫ ¥«â ¬«∏‘ ’ ferric thiocyanate (FTC) ·≈– thiobarbituric acid (TBA) 9) º°— ¢ÈÀ’ ¥Ÿ Raphanus sativus L. (Family Brassicaceae)  √√æ§≥ÿ „∫ µâπ ·≈–‡¡≈¥Á ·°∑â âÕßÕ¥◊ ‡øÑÕ Õ“À“√‰¡à¬Õà ¬ ¥Õ° ¢—∫π”È ¥’ √“° °ÿ ‡ªπì ¬“√–∫“¬  ¡“π≈”‰ â ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 9.1 Õߧªå √–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ -  “√°≈àÿ¡ Isothiocyanates ‰¥â·°à 4-(Methylthio)-3-butenyl isothiocyanate (MTBITC), allyl isothiocayanate (AITC), benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), ·≈– phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) - ‡¡≈¥Á æ∫‚ª√µπ’ ‰¥·â °à Rs-AFP1 ·≈– Rs-AFP2 9.2 ƒ∑∏Ï‘∑“߇¿ ™— «∑‘ ¬“ -  “√ °—¥º°— ¢È’À¥Ÿ ¥â«¬ hexane ‰¥ â “√°≈ÿ¡à Isothiocyanates ´Ë÷ß¡’ƒ∑∏Ï‘ ¬—∫¬—Èß°“√·∫àßµ—«‡æË‘¡®”π«π¢Õ߇´≈≈å∑’˺‘¥ª°µ‘¢ÕßÀ≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ÀπŸ ∑¥≈Õß (mouse aortic smooth muscle cell ‡ªìπ vascular smooth muscle cell ∑Ë’¡—°‡ªì𠓇Àµÿ¢Õß‚√§√–∫∫À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥ ‡™àπ ¿“«– À≈Õ¥‡≈Õ◊ ¥Õ¥ÿ µπ— ‡ªπì µπâ ) ·≈–¬ß— °√–µπâÿ °√–∫«π°“√ apoptosis ¥«â ¬ - ‚ª√µ’π®“°‡¡≈Á¥ §◊Õ Rs-AFP1 ·≈– Rs-AFP2 ´÷Ë߇ªìπ‚ª√µ’π ¢π“¥‡≈Á° ∑Ë’¡’°√¥Õ–¡‘‚π cysteine ‡ªìπÕߧåª√–°Õ∫À≈—° ¡’ƒ∑∏Ï‘ µâ“π‡™È◊Õ√“‰¥Àâ ≈“¬™π‘¥ -  “√ °—¥®“°„∫¡’ƒ∑∏Ï‘°√–µÿâπ°“√∫’∫µ—«¢Õß≈”‰ â‡≈Á°¢ÕßÀπŸ∑¥≈Õß ·∫∫¢È÷π°—∫§«“¡‡¢â¡¢âπ (0.3-5.0 mg/ml) º≈°“√»÷°…“πÈ’ Õ¥§≈âÕß °—∫µ”√“¬“·ºπ‚∫√“≥∑’Ë„™â„∫¢À’È ¥Ÿ ·°Õâ “°“√∑Õâ ߺ°Ÿ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

252 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ 10) º°— §√“¥À—«·À«π Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr (Family Compositae)  √√æ§≥ÿ √ ‡º¥Á ·°â‰¢â ¬“æπÈ◊ ∫“â π„™Õâ ¥ÿ ·°ªâ «¥øπí ¢∫— ª í  “«– ·°∫â ¥‘ √–ß∫— ‰Õ ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 10.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - „∫ ™Õà ¥Õ° °â“π™Õà ·≈–¥Õ° ¡ ’ “√°≈ÿà¡ alkyl amides ∑ ’Ë ”§≠— ‰¥·â °à spilanthol ´Ëß÷ ¡’ƒ∑∏‘‡Ï ªπì ¬“™“‡©æ“–∑Ë’ 10.2 ƒ∑∏‘Ï∑“߇¿ ™— «∑‘ ¬“ - °“√∑¥ Õ∫ƒ∑∏‡‘Ï ªπì ¬“™“‡©æ“–∑’Ë„π µ— «∑å ¥≈Õß·≈–§πª°µ‚‘ ¥¬„™â  “√ °—¥∑—Èßµâπ¥â«¬·Õ≈°ÕŒÕ≈å ‡∑’¬∫°—∫¬“™“ lidocaine æ∫«à“ ‰¥âº≈‡√Á«°«à“ ·µ√à –¬–‡«≈“°“√ÕÕ°ƒ∑∏Ï‘ È—π°«à“ 11) º°— ‡´’¬ß¥“ Gymnema inodorum Decne. (Family Asclepiadaceae)  √√æ§ÿ≥ ·°â‰¢â ¡ƒ’ ∑∏≈Ï‘ ¥√–¥∫— π”È µ“≈„π‡≈Õ◊ ¥ µ“â π rheumatoid arthritis ‡°“µå ·≈–¡’ƒ∑∏ϵ‘ â“πÕÕ°´‡‘ ¥™—π ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å 11.1 Õߧªå √–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - «‘µ“¡π‘ Õ’ - triterpenoid glycosides ‰¥·â °à Õπæÿ π— ∏¢å Õß (3β,4α,16β)-16,23, 28-trihydroxyolean-12-en-3-yl-β-D-glucopyranosiduroic acid - saponins 11.2 ƒ∑∏‘Ï∑“߇¿ ™— «∑‘ ¬“ - ®“°°“√»÷°…“‡∫◊ÈÕßµâπ∂÷߃∑∏Ï‘µâ“πÕÕ°´‘‡¥™—π¢Õßæ◊™‰∑¬∑’Ë°‘π‰¥â ‚¥¬„™â«‘∏’ β-carotene bleaching æ∫«à“ º—°‡´’¬ß¥“¡’ƒ∑∏‘ϵâ“π ÕÕ°´‡‘ ¥™π— ∑’Ë Ÿß - °“√»÷°…“ƒ∑∏‘Ï≈¥°“√¥Ÿ¥´÷¡°≈Ÿ‚§ ∑Ë’≈”‰ â‡≈Á°æ∫«à“‡ªìπº≈®“° Õπæÿ π— ∏¢å Õß (3β,4α,16β)-16,23,28-trihydroxyolean-12-en-3- yl-β-D-glucopyranosiduroic acid 12) º°— ‰ºà Polygonum odoratum Lour. (Family Polygonaceae)  √√æ§≥ÿ ™«à ¬‡®√≠‘ Õ“À“√ ¢∫— ≈¡„π°√–‡æ“– ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 12.1 Õߧªå √–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑’Ë 4 253 Õ“À“√æ◊Èπ∫“â π‰∑¬ - πÈ”¡π— ÀÕ¡√–‡À¬∑ ’Ë °¥— ®“° «à π‡ÀπÕ◊ ¥π‘ ¡Õ’ ߧªå √–°Õ∫À≈°— §Õ◊ b-caryophyllene (36.5%), dodecanal (11.4%) ·≈– cary- ophyllene oxide (8.2%) - 2,3-dihydro-3-[(4-hydroxyphenol)methyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-6- methyl-8-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 10.1 ƒ∑∏Ï‘∑“ß ‡¿ ™— «∑‘ ¬“ - 2,3-dihydro-3-[(4-hydroxyphenol)methyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-6- methyl-8-methoxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one ¡’ƒ∑∏Ï‘¬—∫¬È—ß ‡´≈≈¡å –‡√ßÁ ‚¥¬‡Àπ¬Ë’ «π”„À‡â °¥‘ bcl-2 phosphorylation „π‡´≈≈å ¡–‡√ßÁ ‡™πà ‡¥¬’ «°∫— Paclitaxel 12.2 ¢âÕ§«√√–«—ß - ‡πËÕ◊ ß®“°º°— ‰º¡à ª’ √‘¡“≥ “√ oxalate „πª√¡‘ “≥ ßŸ (680-2620 mg/100 g) À“°√—∫ª√–∑“π„πª√‘¡“≥¡“°‡ªìπª√–®”Õ“®¡’º≈ ≈¥°“√¥¥Ÿ ´÷¡·§≈‡´’¬¡‰¥â 13) º—°Œâ«πÀ¡Ÿ Dragea volubilis Stapf (Family Asclepiadaceae)  √√æ§≥ÿ √“° ·≈–‡∂“ ∑”„ÀÕâ “‡®’¬π ¢∫— æ‘…‰¥â „∫ ·°âπÈ”√Õâ π≈«° ·°â∫«¡ ·°âΩï ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å 13.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - „∫ ‡ª≈Õ◊ °º≈ ·≈–‡¡≈Á¥ æ∫ erythroagglutinins - glycosides ‰¥·â °à dregeosides H (I), Dp1 Da1, Gp1 ·≈– Ga1 - oligosaccharide ‰¥â·°à dregeatriose - ¥Õ° æ∫ polyoxypregnane glycosides ‰¥·â °à volubiloside A, B ·≈– C 13.2 ƒ∑∏∑‘Ï “߇¿ ™— «∑‘ ¬“ - erythroagglutinins ¡’ƒ∑∏‘χªπì Anthelmintics ‚¥¬ÕÕ°ƒ∑∏¶Ï‘ à“ larvae ¢Õß·¡≈ß Haemonchus contortus 13.3 §«“¡‡ªìπæ‘… -  “√ °¥— ‡¡≈¥Á ¥«â ¬π”È ¡§’ «“¡‡ªπì æ…‘ µÕà µ∫— Àπ∑Ÿ ¥≈Õß∑∂’Ë °Ÿ ∑”„À â ≈∫ ¥â«¬ ether ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫Àπ°Ÿ ≈ÿ¡à §«∫§¡ÿ ·≈–ÀπŸª°µ‘ ‚¥¬æ∫«à“  “√ °—¥¥—ß°≈à“«¡’º≈‡æ‘Ë¡ª√‘¡“≥‡Õπ‰´¡å∑’ˇ°Ë’¬«¢âÕß°—∫°“√ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

254 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æÕË◊  ¢ÿ ¿“æ ∑”ß“π¢Õßµ—∫À≈“¬™π¥‘ ‰¥â·°à gamma-glutamyl transferase ·≈– alanine aminotransferase πÕ°®“°πÈ’  “√ °—¥®“°‡¡≈Á¥ ¬ß— ¡’º≈∑”„À‡â ´≈≈åµ∫— (hepatocyte) ‡ª≈¬Ë’ π·ª≈ߥ⫬ 14) æ√‘°‰∑¬ Piper nigrum Linn. (Family Piperaceae)  √√æ§ÿ≥ ™«à ¬¢—∫≈¡·°â∑âÕßÕ¥◊ ∫”√ÿß∏“µÿ ‡ªπì ¬“Õ“¬«ÿ ≤— π– °√–µπâÿ §«“¡ √⟠÷°∑“ß‡æ» ™«à ¬¥—∫°≈Ëπ‘ §“« °√–µâπÿ §«“¡Õ¬“°Õ“À“√ ∫√√‡∑“ Õ“°“√πÕπ‰¡Àà ≈∫— ¢∫— ‡ ¡À– ·°â‰Õ  –Õ°÷ ·°â√”¡–π“¥ ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å 14.1 Õߧªå √–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - π”È ¡—πÀÕ¡√–‡À¬ 1-3% - Oleoresin 12-14% - Alkaloids ´ß÷Ë ‡ªπì  “√ ”§—≠∑∑’Ë ”„Àæâ √‘°‰∑¬¡’°≈π‘Ë ©πÿ ·≈–√ √âÕπ ∑ Ë’ ”§≠— ‰¥â·°à piperine 14.2 ƒ∑∏∑‘Ï “߇¿ ™— «∑‘ ¬“ - ¡’ƒ∑∏‘¬Ï ∫— ¬ß—È °“√‡®√≠‘ ‡µ‘∫‚µ¢Õß·∫§∑’‡√¬’ - ‡√ßà „Àâµ—∫∑”≈“¬ “√æ…‘ ¡“°¢Èπ÷ - Piperine ¡ƒ’ ∑∏°‘Ï ¥ª√– “∑ «à π°≈“ß ·°ªâ «¥ ≈¥‰¢â ·≈–µ“â π°“√ Õ°— ‡ ∫ ‚¥¬¡√’ “¬ß“π°“√»°÷ …“„πÀπ∂Ÿ ∫’ ®°— √ æ∫«“à piperine ‡ √¡‘ ƒ∑∏Ï‘ hexobarbital ·≈–µâ“π°“√™—°¢ÕßÀπ‰Ÿ ¥â - Piperine  “¡“√∂°√–µâπÿ °“√À“¬„®∑’∂Ë Ÿ°°¥‚¥¬ morphine ·≈– pentobarbital „π πÿ —¢∑’∑Ë ”„À â ≈∫‰¥â 15) ‡æ°“ Oroxylum indicum Vent. (Family Bignoniaceae)  √√æ§ÿ≥ Ωí°ÕÕà π ¢∫— ≈¡ ∫”√ßÿ ∏“µÿ Ωí°·°à ·°â√âÕπ„π °√–À“¬πÈ” ‡¡≈¥Á ·°à √–∫“¬∑âÕß ·°â‰Õ ¢∫— ‡ ¡À– ‡ª≈◊Õ°µâπ  ¡“π·º≈ ·°√â âÕπ„π ·°∑â Õâ ß√«à ß ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å 15.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - ‡ª≈◊Õ°√“°æ∫ “√°≈¡àÿ naphthalene, flavonoids, steroids - ·°àπ æ∫ “√ prunetin ·≈– β-sitosterol °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑’Ë 4 255 Õ“À“√æÈπ◊ ∫â“π‰∑¬ - ‡ª≈◊Õ° æ∫ flavonoids ‰¥·â °à baicalein, chrysin ·≈– naphtho quinone ‰¥·â °à lapachol - „∫ æ∫ aloe-emodin 15.2 ƒ∑∏‘∑Ï “߇¿ —™«‘∑¬“ -  “√ °¥— ¥«â ¬ dichloromethane ¢Õ߇ª≈Õ◊ °µπâ ·≈–√“°‡æ°“¡ƒ’ ∑∏Ï‘ ¬∫— ¬ß—È °“√‡®√‘≠¢Õ߇™Õ◊È ·∫§∑‡’ √¬’ (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylo- coccus aureus) ‡™Õ◊È √“ (Candida albicans) ·≈–µ“â π°“√Õ°— ‡ ∫ -  “√ °—¥‡ª≈◊Õ°µâπ¥â«¬·Õ≈°ÕŒÕ≈å¡’»—°¬¿“懪ìπ “√µâ“π¡–‡√Áß ‡πÕË◊ ß®“°‡¡ÕË◊ ∑¥ Õ∫„πÀ≈Õ¥∑¥≈Õß æ∫«“à  “√ °¥— ¥ß— °≈“à «¡ƒ’ ∑∏‘Ï ¬—∫¬È—߇´≈≈å¡–‡√Áß À≈“¬™π‘¥ ·≈–¡’ƒ∑∏Ï‘¬—∫¬—Èß°“√·∫à߇´≈≈å (Progression of cell cycle) ‡¡ÕË◊ ∑”°“√«‡‘ §√“–À¥å «â ¬ sea urchin eggs assay -  “√ °¥— ‡ª≈◊Õ°µâπ¥â«¬‡¡∑“πÕ≈∑Ë¡’ ’ Baicalein ‡ªπì Õߧªå √–°Õ∫ ¡ƒ’ ∑∏Ï‘µ“â π°“√‡°¥‘ ‡πÈ◊ÕßÕ° (antimutagenicity) ¢Õß Trp-P-1 „π Ames test ¥«â ¬§“à IC 2.78 ± 0.15 µM 50 16) æ≈Ÿ§“« Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (Family Saururaceae)  √√æ§ÿ≥ ∑Èß— µπâ ‡ªπì ¬“·°â‚√§∫‘¥ ‚√§µ¥‘ ‡™ÕÈ◊ „π∑“߇¥‘πª í  “«– ·°∫â «¡πÈ” ·°â‰Õ ªÕ¥Õ—°‡ ∫ „∫ ·°â°“¡‚√§ ¢∫— 欓∏‘ ∑”„Àπâ È”‡À≈◊Õß·Àßâ ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 16.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - πÈ”¡—πÀÕ¡√–‡À¬ ´Ë÷ߪ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ methyl-n-nonylketone, lauryl aldehyde ·≈– capryl aldehyde - „∫ æ∫ “√°≈¡àÿ flavonoids -  «à π‡ÀπÕ◊ ¥π‘ æ∫ (+)-Sesamin - ‰¡√à –∫ ÿ «à π æ∫ “√°≈¡ÿà flavonoids 0.6%, coumarins, saponins ·≈– volatile oils (æ◊™ ¥ 1.81 ·≈–æ™◊ ·Àßâ 0.42%) 16.2 ƒ∑∏∑Ï‘ “߇¿ ™— «∑‘ ¬“ - ¡’ºŸâ¢Õ®¥∑–‡∫’¬π≈‘¢ ‘∑∏‘χ§√◊ËÕß ”Փߧ√’¡®“°º—°§“«µÕß ·°â º«‘ Àπß— À¬“∫°√“â π ·≈–„™ªâ ÕÑ ß°π— º«‘ Àπß— ·µ°‡ªπì √Õà ߉¥ºâ ≈ 68% °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

256 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æÕË◊  ÿ¢¿“æ - π”È ¡—πÀÕ¡√–‡À¬¡ƒ’ ∑∏‘µÏ “â π‡™ÈÕ◊ herpes simplex virus type 1, influenza virus ‚¥¬‰¡∑à ”≈“¬‡´≈≈å -  “√ °—¥¥â«¬π”È ¡’ƒ∑∏‘ϵâ“π°“√Õ—°‡ ∫‡¡Ë◊Õ∑¥ Õ∫°—∫ÀπŸ∑¥≈Õß∑È—ß ∑’∂Ë °Ÿ ‡Àπˬ’ «π”„À⇰¥‘ °“√Õ—°‡ ∫¥â«¬ carrageenan ·≈– xylene -  “√ °—¥¥â«¬πÈ”¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ϭ—∫¬È—ߪؑ°‘√‘¬“ anaphylacsis ·≈–¬—∫¬È—ß °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß mast cell -  “√ °¥— flavonoids ®“°„∫¡ƒ’ ∑∏‡Ï‘ ªπì æ…‘ µÕà ‡´≈≈¡å –‡√ßÁ ™π¥‘ S-180 -  “√ °—¥¥â«¬πÈ”¡’ƒ∑∏‘ϵâ“πÕÕ°´‘‡¥™—π„πÀπŸ∑¥≈Õß∑’Ë∂Ÿ°‡ÀπË’¬«π” „À‡â °¥‘ ¿“«–‡§√¬’ ¥ ¥«â ¬°“√„ÀÀâ π°Ÿ π‘ oxidized frying oil (oxidized frying oil-fed model) ·≈–¡’ƒ∑∏µÏ‘ â“π°“√‡°‘¥‡π◊ÈÕßÕ°´Ë÷ß∑¥ Õ∫ ¥â«¬ Ames test 17) ¡–√–¢’πÈ ° Momordica charantia Linn. (Family Cucurbitaceae)  √√æ§ÿ≥ ‡π◊ÕÈ º≈¡√’  ¢¡ ™à«¬‡®√‘≠Õ“À“√ ∫”√ÿßπÈ”¥’ ·°â‚√§¢Õß¡â“¡·≈– µ∫— ¢∫— 欓∏‘ πÈ”§πÈ— ®“°º≈¡–√–‡ªπì ¬“√–∫“¬ÕÕà πÊ ·°ªâ “°‡ªÕòó ¬ ª“°‡ªìπ¢¬ÿ ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 17.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - „∫ ¡ ’ “√√ ¢¡™◊ËÕ momordicin, resin ·≈– alkaloids - ‡¡≈¥Á ·≈–„∫ ¡π’ ”È ¡π— ∑¡’Ë °’ ≈πË‘ ÀÕ¡ carotene resin ·≈– ¡’ alkaloid §Õ◊ momordicine - º≈ °ÿ ¡’ saponin ¡“° ∑”„Àâ§≈π◊Ë ‰ â Õ“‡®’¬π ·≈–∑âÕß√«à ß 17.2 ƒ∑∏Ï‘∑“߇¿ —™«∑‘ ¬“ - ®“°°“√∑¥≈Õ߃∑∏≈Ï‘ ¥√–¥—∫πÈ”µ“≈„π‡≈◊Õ¥¢Õß¡–√–¢Èπ’ ° æ∫«“à π”È §Èπ— ®“°º≈ “¡“√∂≈¥√–¥∫— π”È µ“≈„π‡≈◊Õ¥‰¥â 17.3 ¢âÕ§«√√–«—ß - πÈ”§π—È ®“°º≈Õ“®∑”„À·â ∑ßâ ‰¥â º≈ °ÿ ‡ªπì æ…‘ ¡’ saponin ¡“° ∑”„Àâ §≈Ë◊π‰ â Õ“‡®¬’ π ∑âÕß√à«ß ·≈–Õ“®µ“¬‰¥â °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑Ë’ 4 257 Õ“À“√æ◊Èπ∫â“π‰∑¬ 18)  –‡¥“ Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Var. siamensis Valeton (Family Meliaceae)  √√æ§≥ÿ √ ¢¡ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 18.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - ‰¡√à –∫ ÿ «à π¢Õßæ™◊ æ∫ azadirachtin, nimbin, salanin, meliantriol - ™àÕ¥Õ° æ∫ glycoside ‰¥·â °à nimbosterin æ∫πÈ”¡—πÀÕ¡√–‡À¬ ∑’¡Ë √’  ‡ºÁ¥®¥— ·≈–¬—ßæ∫ nimbecetin ·≈– nimbosterol  «à π„∫ æ∫ nimbolide 18.2 ƒ∑∏‘∑Ï “߇¿ ™— «‘∑¬“ -  “√ °¥— ¥â«¬ ethanol ¡ƒ’ ∑∏Ϭ‘ ∫— ¬È—ß°“√‡®√‘≠¢Õ߇´≈≈¡å –‡√ßÁ ™π¥‘ prostatecancer cells (PC-3) ‚¥¬°“√‡Àπˬ’ «π”°√–∫«π°“√ apoptosis - nimbolide ¡ƒ’ ∑∏Ï‘¶“à ‡™ÕÈ◊ ¡“≈“‡√¬’ „πÀ≈Õ¥∑¥≈Õß 19)  –µÕ Parkia speciosa Hass.k. (Mimosaceae)  √√æ§≥ÿ ‡¡≈¥Á ¢∫— ª í  “«– ™«à ¬≈¥πÈ”µ“≈„π‡≈Õ◊ ¥ °π‘ ‡ªπì ª√–®”™«à ¬ªÕÑ ß°π— ‚√§‡∫“À«“π ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 19.1 Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - Ω°í (‰¡à√«¡‡¡≈¥Á ) æ∫ stigmast-4-en-3-one - ‡¡≈Á¥ æ∫ 1,2,4-trithiolane, 1,2,4,6-tetrathiepane, 1,2,3,5, 6-pentathiepane (lenthionine),1,2,4,5,7,8-hexathionane, 1,2,4,6,7-pentathiocane (tentatively assigned), djenkolic acid, dichrostachinic acid, lectin, thiamin, thioproline (thiazolidine- 4-carboxylic acid; æ∫‡©æ“–„π‡¡≈¥Á µ¡â  °ÿ ·µà‰¡æà ∫„π‡¡≈¥Á ¥∫‘ ) 19.2 ƒ∑∏Ï∑‘ “߇¿ —™«∑‘ ¬“ -  “√ °¥— ‚ª√µπ’ ®“°‡¡≈¥Á  –µÕ¡º’ ≈≈¥Õµ— √“°“√‡æ¡‘Ë √–¥∫— π”È µ“≈ „π‡≈Õ◊ ¥¢ÕßÀπŸ (rat) ∑Ë’∂°Ÿ ‡Àπ¬’Ë «π”„À‡â ªπì ‡∫“À«“π¥â«¬ Alloxan πÕ°®“°πÈ—π¬—ß¡’º≈‡ªìπ¬“√–∫“¬„πÀπŸ ‚¥¬∑”„ÀâÕÿ®®“√–ÀπŸÕàÕπ π¡‘Ë ¢Èπ÷ ·≈–¡º’ ≈°√–µπâÿ ≈”‰ â «à π duodenum ¢ÕßÀπŸ - ‡≈§µ‘π (lectin) ®“°‡¡≈Á¥ –µÕ¡’ƒ∑∏Ï‘∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√®—∫°≈ÿà¡¢Õß ‡¡Á¥‡≈Õ◊ ¥·¥ß „πÀπŸ (rat) ·µà‰¡¡à ’º≈µàÕ‡¡Á¥‡≈Õ◊ ¥·¥ß¢Õߧπ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ °

258 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ¢ÿ ¿“æ - ‡≈§µπ‘ ®“°‡¡≈¥Á  –µÕ¡º’ ≈°√–µπâÿ °“√·∫ßà µ«— ¢Õß≈¡‘ ‚ø‰´µå (lym- phocyte proliferation) ·µºà ≈°“√°√–µπâÿ π¡È’ ƒ’ ∑∏§Ï‘ Õà π¢“â ßÕÕà π‡¡ÕË◊ ‡∑’¬∫°∫— §à“∑Ë’‡§¬ ¡°’ “√√“¬ß“π‰«â - stigmast-4-en-3-one ®“°Ωí° –µÕÀ≈—ß®“°·°–‡¡≈Á¥ÕÕ°·≈â« ¡ƒ’ ∑∏≈Ï‘ ¥π”È µ“≈„π‡≈Õ◊ ¥Àπ‰Ÿ ¥â 84% (®“° 400 ¡≈‘ ≈°‘ √¡— ¢ÕßπÈ”µ“≈ „π‡≈◊Õ¥‡ªìπ 1.70 ¡‘≈≈°‘ √—¡ ¢Õßπ”È µ“≈„π‡≈◊Õ¥) 20) ‡À√’¬ß Parkia timoriana Merr. (Leguminosae)  √√æ§ÿ≥ ‡ª≈Õ◊ °µπâ -‡ªπì ¬“ ¡“π·º≈ ≈¥πÈ”‡À≈◊Õß ‡¡≈Á¥ ·°≈â ¡®ÿ°‡ ¬’ ¥ ∫Ì“√ÿß√“à ß°“¬ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å 20.1 Õߧªå √–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ - ‡¡≈Á¥ æ∫ thioproline (thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid; æ∫∑—Èß „π‡¡≈Á¥µâ¡ ÿ°·≈–„π‡¡≈¥Á ¥‘∫) thiamin ·≈– lectin 20.2 ƒ∑∏∑‘Ï “߇¿ —™«∑‘ ¬“ - ‡≈§µ‘π (lectin) ∑’Ë °—¥‰¥â®“°‡¡≈Á¥‡À√’¬ß∑Ë’‡æ“–„ÀâßÕ°‰¥â 7 «—π ¡’ƒ∑∏‘Ï∑”„À⇡Á¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ß¢Õß°√–µà“¬·≈–ÀπŸ®—∫°≈àÿ¡‰¥â (251.1 ·≈– 3.9 Àπ૬µàÕ¡‘≈≈‘°√—¡¢Õ߇≈§µ‘𠵓¡≈”¥—∫) ·µà‰¡à¡’º≈ µàÕ‡¡Á¥‡≈◊Õ¥·¥ß¢Õß§π ·°– ·≈–Àà“π º≈°“√∑”„À⇡Á¥‡≈◊Õ¥ ·¥ß®∫— °≈¡ÿà πÈ’ ¬∫— ¬ß—È ‰¥â‚¥¬ methyl-alpha-D-mannosamine ·≈– mannose §«“¡‡¢¡â ¢âπ 3 ¡≈‘ ≈‚‘ ¡≈“√å 20.3 §«“¡‡ªìπæ‘… - ®“°°“√»÷°…“º≈¢Õß “√ °—¥®“°‡¡≈Á¥‡À√’¬ß„πÀπŸ (rat) æ∫«à“ °“√∫√‘‚¿§  “√ °—¥®“°‡¡≈Á¥‡À√’¬ß√à«¡°—∫Õ“À“√ª°µ‘‡ªì𠇫≈“π“π 107  —ª¥“Àå ¡’º≈µàÕ°“√‡®√‘≠¢ÕßÀπŸ ·≈–‡°‘¥°“√ ‡ª≈ˬ’ π·ª≈ß∑“߇π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ«‘∑¬“∑’ÕË «—¬«–¿“¬„π¢ÕßÀπŸ Õ“À“√‰∑¬«—ππ’È °“√‡ª≈Ë’¬π·ª≈ß∑“ß ß— §¡ ¿“«–∑“߇»√…∞°‘®„π¬ÿ§ª®í ®∫ÿ π— ‡ªìπµ—«°”À𥫗≤π∏√√¡ ∑“ßÕ“À“√µ≈Õ¥®π∑‘»∑“ß°“√∑”∏ÿ√°‘®Õ“À“√ °≈à“«§◊Õ §«“¡„°≈♑¥¢Õß·∫∫·ºπ°“√∫√‘‚¿§ ¡’¡“°¢È÷π ®“°‡¥‘¡∑Ë’‡§¬ª√–°Õ∫Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ°“√∫√‘‚¿§„π§√—«‡√◊Õπ ´Ë÷ß·¡â·µà™π™“µ‘‡¥’¬«°—π°Á¡’ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

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∫∑∑’Ë 4 261 Õ“À“√æπ◊È ∫“â π‰∑¬ ·≈–§«“¡∑’ˇ√“¥”√ß™’«‘µÕ¬ŸàÕ¬à“߇ªìπ à«πÀπ÷ËߢÕß∏√√¡™“µ‘ ∏√√¡™“µ‘°Á®–‡°È◊Õ°Ÿ≈‡√“µ≈Õ¥‰ª ·≈–‡™◊ËÕ«à“Õ𓧵¢ÕßÕ“À“√æÈ◊π∫â“π‰∑¬πà“®–¡’·π«‚π⡇ªìπ∑Ë’√⟮—°·≈–¬Õ¡√—∫¢Õߧπ‰∑¬√ÿàπ„À¡à ·≈–™“«µà“ß™“µ‘¡“°¢÷Èπ À“°‡√“∑ÿ°§π∑Ë’¡’ à«π‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß√à«¡¡◊Õ°—π∂à“¬∑Õ¥·≈– à߇ √‘¡Õ“À“√ æπ◊È ∫“â π‰∑¬„Àâ°â“«‰ªæ√âÕ¡°—∫°√–· ¢Õß‚≈°ª®í ®∫ÿ —π ‡Õ° “√Õ“â ßÕß‘ 1. °≠— ®π“ ¥«’ ‘‡»…. º°— æ◊Èπ∫â“π¿“§‡ÀπÕ◊ . °√ÿ߇∑æœ: ‚√ßæ‘¡æåÕߧ尓√ ß‡§√“–Àå∑À“√ºà“π»°÷ . 2542. 2. °≠— ®π“ ¥’«‡‘ »…. º—°æπÈ◊ ∫“â π¿“§°≈“ß. °√ÿ߇∑æœ: ‚√ßæ‘¡æÕå ߧ°å “√ ß‡§√“–Àå∑À“√º“à π»°÷ . 2542. 3. °—≠®π“ ¥’«‘‡»… ·≈– Õ√à“¡ §ÿâ¡°≈“ß. º—°æÈ◊π∫â“π¿“§Õ’ “π. °√ÿ߇∑æœ: ‚√ßæ‘¡æåÕߧ尓√  ß‡§√“–Àå∑À“√ºà“π»÷°. 2541. 4. °π— ∑¡‘ “  ∑‘ ∏∏‘ ≠— °®‘ ·≈– æ√∑æ‘ ¬å ‡µ¡‘ «‡‘ »… (∫√√≥“∏°‘ “√). §¡àŸ Õ◊ ª√–™“™π„π°“√¥·Ÿ ≈ ¢ÿ ¿“楫⠬ °“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬. °√ÿ߇∑æœ:  ”π—°ß“π°‘®°“√‚√ßæ‘¡æåÕߧ尓√ ß‡§√“–Àå ∑À“√ºà“π»°÷ „πæ√–∫√¡√“™ªŸ ∂¡— ¿å æ¡‘ æå§√ß—È ∑’Ë 3. 2547. 5. °¡≈“¿√≥å §ß ÿ¢«‘«—≤πå. Õ“À“√æÈ◊π∫â“π‰∑¬. °√ÿ߇∑æœ: ‚√ßæ‘¡æåÕߧå°√√—∫ àß ‘π§â“·≈– æ — ¥ÿ¿—≥±å. 2548. 6. °√√≥‘°“√å æ√¡‡ “√å ·≈– π—π∑π“ ‡∫≠®»‘≈“√—°…å. ·°–√Õ¬ ”√—∫‰∑¬. ‡™’¬ß„À¡à: ∫√‘…—∑ °≈“߇«’¬ß°“√æ‘¡æå ®”°—¥. 2542. 7. ©≈“¥™“¬ √¡‘µ“ππ∑,å ™«≈‘µ ‡ ∂’¬√æ—≤πæß»“, ª∑í ¡“«¥’ ° °‘ √√¡ ·≈– ∑æ‘ ¬å√—µπå ¡≥‡’ ≈‘». «≤— π∏√√¡°“√°‘π¢Õߧπ‡¡◊Õß : πÈ”æ√°‘ ·≈–º°— æÈ◊π∫â“π≈“â ππ“. »πŸ ¬»å °÷ …“§«“¡ À≈“°À≈“¬ ∑“ß™«’ ¿“æ ¿¡Ÿ ª‘ ≠í ≠“∑Õâ ß∂πË‘ ‡æÕË◊ °“√æ≤— π“¬ßË— ¬π◊ §≥– ß— §¡»“ µ√å ¡À“«∑‘ ¬“≈—¬‡™¬’ ß„À¡à. 2543. 8. ‡µ¡Á  ¡‘µ‘ππ— ∑πå. ™Ë◊Õæ√√≥‰¡·â Àßà ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬. °√ÿ߇∑æœ: ∫√…‘ —∑ ª√–™“™π ®”°¥— æ¡‘ æå§√Èß— ∑’Ë 2 ©∫—∫·°â‰¢‡æ‘¡Ë ‡µ‘¡. 2544. 9. π®‘ »√‘ ‘ ‡√Õ◊ ß√ß— …’. ‡§√◊ËÕ߇∑». °√ßÿ ‡∑æœ: ‚√ßæ‘¡æå·Ààß®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å¡À“«∑‘ ¬“≈¬— , 2542. 10. ª√–À¬—¥  “¬«‘‡™’¬√. Õ“À“√ «—≤π∏√√¡·≈– ÿ¢¿“æ. ‡™’¬ß„À¡à: ∫√‘…—∑ πæ∫ÿ√’°“√æ‘¡æå ®”°—¥. 2547. 11. ‡æÁ≠π¿“ ∑√æ— ¬‡å ®√‘≠. º°— æπÈ◊ ∫â“π°—∫ —ߧ¡‰∑¬. »πŸ ¬æå —≤π“µ”√“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬ ¡≈Ÿ π∏‘ ‘ °“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬æ—≤π“. 2548. °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

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266 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æ◊ÕË  ¢ÿ ¿“æ ¿“§ºπ«° √Ÿª¿“æ· ¥ßº°— æπÈ◊ ∫â“π °≈⫬πÈ”«“â Musa sapientum L. ¢¡‘Èπ¢“« Curcuma mangga Valeton & Zijp °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

∫∑∑’Ë 4 267 Õ“À“√æ◊πÈ ∫“â π‰∑¬ ¢’ȇÀ≈Á° Cassia siamea Lamk ™–¡«ß Garcinia cowa Roxb. °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ °

268 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æ◊ÕË  ¢ÿ ¿“æ ™â“æ≈Ÿ (™–æ≈)Ÿ Piper sarmentosum Roxb. Ex Hunter ∫«— ∫° Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑’Ë 4 269 Õ“À“√æÈπ◊ ∫â“π‰∑¬ ª≈ß— ·¥ß Basella rubra Linn. º—°°Ÿ¥ Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Swartz °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

270 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æÕ◊Ë  ÿ¢¿“æ º—°¢ÈÀ’ ¥Ÿ Raphanus sativus L. º°— §√“¥À—«À«“π Spilanthes acmella Murr. °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑Ë’ 4 271 Õ“À“√æÈ◊π∫“â π‰∑¬ º—°‡´’¬ß¥“ Gymnema inodorum Decne. º—°‰ºà Polygonum odoratum Lour. °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°

272 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æÕË◊  ÿ¢¿“æ º°— Œ«â πÀ¡Ÿ Dragea volubilis Stapf æ√‘°‰∑¬ Piper nigrum Linn. °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

∫∑∑’Ë 4 273 Õ“À“√æ◊πÈ ∫â“π‰∑¬ ‡æ°“ Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent. æ≈§Ÿ “« Houttuynia cordata Thunb °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ°

274 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ¢ÿ ¿“æ ¡–√–¢’πÈ ° Momordica charantia Linn.  –‡¥“ Azadirachta indica A. Juss. var. siamensis Valeton °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°

∫∑∑’Ë 4 275 Õ“À“√æ◊πÈ ∫â“π‰∑¬  –µÕ Parkia speciosa Hass.k. ‡À√’¬ß Parkia timoriana Merr. °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈Õ◊ °

276 µµ”√”√“«“«™‘ ™‘ “°“°“√“√ ÕÕ“À“À“√“√‡æ‡æË◊ÕÕ◊Ë   ÿ¢ÿ¢¿¿“æ“æ ª√–«µ— º‘ Ÿâπ‘æπ∏∫å ∑∑Ë’ 4 ™ËÕ◊ : ¥√. Õ”‰æ 惵«‘ √æß»å°≈ÿ  ∂“π∑Ë’ªØ∫‘ µ— ß‘ “π : Õ“®“√¬§å ≥–‡¿ —™»“ µ√å ¡À“«∑‘ ¬“≈—¬‡™’¬ß„À¡à µ”∫≈ ‡ÿ ∑æ Õ”‡¿Õ‡¡Õ◊ ß ®ß— À«—¥‡™’¬ß„À¡à 50200 ‚∑√»æ— ∑å 66-1-8399632, 66-53-944343 ‚∑√ “√ 66-53-222741 °“√»°÷ …“ : Doctor of Philosophy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ®Ãÿ “≈ß°√≥¡å À“«∑‘ ¬“≈¬— Present Position : Lecturer at Faculty of Pharmacy, ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈¬— ‡™’¬ß„À¡à Õ‡’ ¡≈ : [email protected], [email protected] º≈ß“π¥â“π«‘®¬— : 1. ·µàßÀπ—ß Õ◊ ¡“°°«à“ 3 ‡√Ë◊Õß ¡º’ ≈ß“π«®‘ ¬— µæ’ ¡‘ æå ·≈–∫∑§«“¡¡“°°«à“ 5 ‡√Õ◊Ë ß 2. ß“π«®‘ ¬— ∑“ߥ“â πæ™◊  ¡πÿ ‰æ√µÕà µ“â π‡™ÕÈ◊ ‰«√ — °“√Õ°— ‡ ∫ƒ∑∏™Ï‘ “‡©æ“–∑’Ë ·≈–‡™ÕÈ◊ ¡“‡≈‡√¬’ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ °

∫∑∑’Ë 5 277 Õ“À“√µ“¡»“ µ√·å æ∑¬·å ºπ®π’ ∫∑∑Ë’ 5 Õ“À“√µ“¡»“ µ√å·æ∑¬å·ºπ®’π (Chinese Traditional Medical Foods) ∫∑π” ≈—°…≥–懑 »…¢Õß°“√∫”√ßÿ ·≈–√°— …“ ÿ¢¿“æ¥â«¬Õ“À“√ ¢Õâ §‘¥®“°¿¡Ÿ ‘ª≠í ≠“®’π‡°¬Ë’ «°∫— Õ“À“√·≈– ¢ÿ ¿“æ °“√·¬°·¬– ¿“æ√à“ß°“¬ Õ“À“√ª√–‡¿∑µà“ßÊ Õ“À“√ 10 Õ¬à“ß∑’ˉ¡§à «√°‘π¡“°‡°‘π Õ“À“√¢—∫ “√æ‘… ∫∑ √ªÿ ‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕß‘ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ≤— π“°“√·æ∑¬·å ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ °

278 µ”√“«™‘ “°“√ Õ“À“√‡æË◊Õ ¢ÿ ¿“æ °Õß°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈Õ◊ ° °√¡æ—≤π“°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬∑å “ß‡≈◊Õ°