Bangladesh & World Study Update_Bangladesh & World Study.qxd

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cÖ_g cÖKvk t †deªæqvwi 2012 wØZxq ms¯‹iY t Rvbyqvwi 2014 MÖš’¯^Z¡ t †jLK KZ…©K msiwÿZ cÖKvkKt K¨v¤úvm cvewj‡KkÝ K¨v¤úvm mgvR Dbœqb †K›`ª Campus Social Development Centre (CSDC) 33 †ZvcLvbv †ivW (13 Zjv), XvKv 1000 †dvbt 9550055, 9560225, 7123700 e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] www.campus.org.bd AjsKiY cwiKíbv t D‡¤§ mvjgv iwb cÖ”Q` I †gKAvc t ivRy Avn‡g`, †gvt gwbiæ¾vgvb g~j¨ t 280 UvKv we‡`‡k t US $ 12 t ISBN978-984-33-4412-0

DrmM© ÿzavZ© I myweavewÂZ gvbyl‡`i AwaKvi Av`v‡qi AvKv•ÿvq Bangladesh and World study, in quest of just society and enlightened nation. M Helal, Written by www.helal.net.bd Editor, The University Campus; Secretary General, Campus Social Development Centre (CSDC); www.campus.org.bd e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Tel:+88 02 9550055, 9560225, 7123700 Campus Publications Published by Price: Tk 280,Abroad: US $ 12 ISBN: 978-984-33-4412-0 © Reserved by the Author

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2/4 w`b †cQv‡bv hvq wKbv Rvb‡Z PvB| wZwb Rvbvb †h, G gyn~‡Z© †m my‡hvM †bB| KviY 31 AvM÷ jÛb-¯‹Uj¨vÛ-jÛb †Uª‡bi wU‡KU KvUv n‡q †M‡Q, ¯‹Uj¨v‡Û K‡UR fvovmn mewKQy dvBbvj n‡q Av‡Q| Avwg 30 AvM÷ jÛb †cuŠ‡Q 31 AvM÷ ¯‹Uj¨vÛ hvÎv bv Ki‡j Gme Av‡qvRb †f‡¯Í hv‡e| Avgvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i weo¤^bvi K_v we‡ePbv K‡i W. Kvgvj‡K ejjvgÑ Avcbviv ¯‹Uj¨vÛ P‡j hvb, Avwg c‡i Avcbv‡`i mv‡_ ¯‹Uj¨v‡Û R‡qb Kie, (hw`I Avgvi G cÖ¯Ív‡e `„pZv wQj bv, KviY †mme c_-NvU wP‡b Zv‡`i mv‡_ R‡qb Kiv Avgvi Rb¨ Lye mnR bq)| wKš‘ W. Kvgvj mvd mvd Avgv‡K Rvwb‡q w`‡jb, Avwg Kvj‡K jÛb bv †cuŠQ‡j Ges Zv‡`i mv‡_ GK‡Î ¯‹Uj¨vÛ bv †M‡j Zviv ¯‹Uj¨v‡Ûi G hvÎv evwZj Ki‡eb| ZvQvov Avwg Av‡MB RvbZvg, hvÎv evwZj n‡j †Uª‡bi wU‡KU ev K‡UR fvov †Kv‡bvwUB †diZ cvIqv hv‡e bv| m½Z Kvi‡YB W. Kvgvj Rvb‡Z PvbÑ Avcwb‡Zv GK gvm Av‡M eywKs w`‡q‡Qb, GLb wU‡KU cv‡”Qb bv †Kb? Avcbvi Uªv‡fj G‡R›U‡K ejyb, †h‡Kv‡bv GqvijvB‡Ýi GKwU wU‡KU g¨v‡bR K‡i w`‡Z| †Kv‡bv GqvijvB‡Ýi wU‡KUB cvIqv hv‡”Q bv, Uªv‡fj G‡R‡›Ui G K_v Rvbv‡ZB W. Kvgvj wew¯§Z nb| wZwb e‡jbÑ GwU Avwg wek¦vm Kwi bv, GLv‡b †Kv‡bv inm¨ Av‡Q| wm‡½j wU‡KU †c‡Z GZ Amyweav nevi K_v bq| Avcwb Avi †Kv‡bv Dcvq bv †`L‡j evsjv‡`k wegv‡bi wiRvf© wm‡Ui GKwU wU‡KU g¨v‡bR K‡i Kvj‡K Aek¨B P‡j Avmyb| Avgvi Aci Kv‡b _vKv AvRv‡`i †dv‡b Zv‡K Kvgv‡ji G cÖ¯Íve Rvbv‡ZB wZwb e‡jb, GB me AckbB Zvi †`Lv †kl| Kvj wegv‡bi jÛb d¬vBU †bB| W. Kvgvj‡K welqUv Rvbv‡j wZwb e‡jb, GK_v mwVK bq| mßv‡n 7 w`bB wegv‡bi XvKv-jÛb d¬vBU _v‡K| `yÕR‡bi µm K_vq Avwg n‡q †Mjvg †evKv| `yÕKv‡b `yÕ‡dv‡b `yÕiKg AwfÁZvi mÂqb| euv Kv‡bi †dv‡b W. Kvgvj jÛb †_‡K Rvbv‡”Qb XvKv †_‡K evsjv‡`k wegv‡bi d¬vBU Av‡Q Ges GKwUgvÎ wU‡KU g¨v‡bR Kiv †Kv‡bv e¨vcviB bq| bv n‡j Gwg‡iUm ev BwÛqvb Gqvi ev _vB Gqv‡ii GKwUgvÎ wU‡KU cvIqv GZ KwVb bq| Ab¨w`‡K Wvb Kv‡bi †dv‡b Uªv‡fj G‡R›U AvRv` Rvbv‡”QbÑ Kvj‡K jÛ‡b wegv‡bi †Kv‡bv d¬vBUB †bB, wU‡K‡Ui‡Zv cÖkœB I‡V bv; ZvQvov Gwg‡iUmmn †Kv‡bv GqvijvB‡Ýi wU‡KUI †bB| W. Kvgvj Aek¨ Avgv‡K †dv‡b †i‡LB wegv‡bi jÛb-Awd‡m UªvB KiwQ‡jb, GKwU wU‡KU g¨v‡bR Kivi Rb¨| Giƒc bvRyK I weeªZKi Ae¯’vq Avwg `yÕRb‡KB ewj †h, AvwgB †`LwQ Kx Kiv hvq| GB e‡j Dfq †dvb †i‡L †`B| ZLb ivZ 9Uv 12 wgwbU| Avgvi hvÎvi c~e©ivZ| ciw`b A_©vr 30 AvM÷ mKv‡j hvÎv bv Ki‡j Avwg jÛb †cŠu‡Q 31 AvM÷ ¯‹Uj¨vÛ hvÎv Ki‡Z cvie bv| GgZve¯’vq, K‡qK wgwbU wPšÍv Kivi ci Avgvi cy‡iv‡bv Uªv‡fj G‡R›U Gqvi wUªc 18 evsjv‡`k I wek¦ Aa¨qb

B›Uvib¨vkbvj Gi dvDÛvi-GgwW Rbve Aveyj Lv‡qi‡K †mj‡dv‡b cwiw¯’wZ Rvwb‡q †h‡Kv‡bv GqvijvB‡Ýi gva¨‡g Kvj mܨvi g‡a¨ Avgv‡K jÛb †cuŠQvi e¨e¯’v K‡i w`‡Z Aby‡iva Kwi| wZwb GqvijvB‡Ýi AMÖvwaKvi Rvb‡Z PvB‡j Avwg Gwg‡iUmÕi bvg ewj| wZwb ej‡jb, Avwg Avcbv‡K 5 wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ Rvbvw”Q| wVK 5 wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨B †dvb †e‡R DVj Ges Lv‡qi fvB Rvbv‡jb, Gwg‡iUm-G wU‡KU cvIqv †M‡Q| N›UvLv‡b‡Ki g‡a¨ Avgvi †jvK‡K wU‡KU wb‡q †h‡Z ej‡jb| wZwb AviI RvbvbÑ Zvi Awd‡m GKwU †gwkb i‡q‡Q, †m †gwk‡b UvKv Rgv w`‡j mv‡_ mv‡_B wU‡KU †ewi‡q Av‡m| eyS‡Z cvijvgÑ AbjvB‡b wU‡KU KvUvi wm‡÷gUv Zvi G‡Rw݇Z i‡q‡Q, hv AvRv‡`i ILv‡b †bB| Lv‡qi fvB‡qi K_vq ¯^w¯Í ïay AvwgB †cjvg bv, jÛ‡b W. Kvgvj‡K †dvb K‡i Rvbv‡ZB Kvgvj ej‡jbÑ GwUB ¯^vfvweK, Gi c~‡e©Kvi Uªv‡fj G‡R›U wfwËnxb K_v e‡j Avcbv‡K ïay weåvšÍB K‡i‡Q| Gici AvRv‡`i KvQ †_‡K wU‡K‡Ui UvKv I cvm‡cvU© †diZ †bqvi cvjv| Z¾b¨ †dvb Ki‡ZB AvRv` ej‡jb, Kvj mKv‡j wb‡j nq bv? GZ iv‡Z cvm‡cvU© ev UvKv wQbZvB n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| Avwg ejjvgÑ Kvj mKvj 9Uvq Avgvi d¬vBU, Ab¨w`‡K Kvj niZvj _vKvq evmv †_‡K hvÎv Ki‡Z n‡e †fvi 6Uvi g‡a¨; ZvB hZ ivZB †nvK, Avcwb Avcbvi evmvq hvevi c‡_ Avgvi Awd‡m cvm‡cvU© †cuŠ‡Q w`‡j cÖxZ ne| wZwb Zv‡ZI ivwR bv nIqvq AMZ¨v SuzwK wb‡q Avgvi †jvK cvwV‡q ivZ 11 Uvq wmwU Gwf‡qkb †_‡K cvm‡cvU© †diZ †bB Ges Gqvi wUªc †_‡K wU‡KU msMÖn Kwi| Ab¨me †ckvi g‡ZvB †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Uªv‡fj G‡R‡›Ui g‡a¨I i‡q‡Q AmZZv I A`¶Zv| Zviv hvÎxi cÖ‡qvR‡bi †P‡q wb‡Ri gybvdv-evwYR¨‡K eo K‡i †`‡L| ågYKvix wn‡m‡e m‡PZb bv n‡j G‡`i cvjøvq c‡o Avcbvi mgq, my‡hvM I A_© nviv‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e wKQy wKQy Uªv‡fj G‡R›U mZZv, `¶Zv I mybv‡gi mv‡_ cÖK…Z Uªv‡fj MvBwWs I Uªv‡fj-†mev cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g G cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK evRv‡i wb‡R‡`i ˆewkó¨ eRvq †i‡L‡Q Ges ågYKvix‡`i Av¯’v AR©b Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Q| Gqvi wUªc B›Uvib¨vkbvj †miƒc cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Q| †hLv‡b GK Uªv‡fj G‡R›U mviv gvm a‡i †Póv K‡iI GKwU wU‡KU mieivn Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b Gqvi wUªc gvÎ K‡qK wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ cy‡iv cÖwµqv †kl K‡i K¬v‡q‡›Ui nv‡Z wU‡KU I wcÖ‡›UW Uªv‡fj-cø¨vb awi‡q w`‡q‡Q| me m¤¢‡ei GB †`‡k †Kv‡bvwUB Am¤¢e bq| Av`k© K¬v‡q›U Z_v wbS©ÅvU ågYKvix wn‡m‡e G `yÕai‡bi Uªv‡fj G‡R‡›Ui Aw¯ÍZ¡ m¤ú‡K© mRvM _vKv `iKvi| we‡j‡Z †h‡Z †h‡Z 19

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cvi`k©xiv mvaviYZ G PvKwi‡Z fv‡jv Ki‡Q| Nyl bv †L‡j †h †Kej Avw_©K myweavewÂZ n‡Z nq Zv bq, Nyl‡Lvi‡`i wnsmv-we‡Ø‡li wkKviI n‡Z nq| †h hZ eo Acivax, Zvi ZZ †ewk `vcU I ¶gZv; Zvi Mjvi †Rvi Mv‡qi †Rvi, A_©- m¤ú`, weË-ˆefe Ges cÖfve-cÖwZcwË ZZ †ewk| e¨w³Rxe‡b mr-b¨vqwbô Ges PvKwi I Kg©h‡Á GKwbôiv ïay Ae‡nwjZB bq, cÖvqkB DcnvwmZ Ges wbM„nxZI e‡U| mvgvwRK `„wó I wePv‡ii Ggwb GK Øvw›ØK we‡køl‡Y W. Kvgvj wbR‡K G mgv‡Ri Rb¨ ÔAbychy³Õ fv‡eb| Rb¥f~wgi gvwUi †muv`v MÜ Zv‡K AvKl©Y Ki‡jI G ¶wqòz mgv‡Ri bvbv RwUjZvq nZvk n‡q cov hyeK Kvgvj weª‡U‡b cvwo Rgv‡bvi K_v fve‡Z _v‡Kb| 1992 mvj| Avgvi m¤úvw`Z cwÎKvi e¨w³Z¡ Kjv‡g mv¶vrKvi MÖnY Ki‡Z Kvgvj hvb ciivóª gš¿Yvj‡qi gnvcwiPvjK (BD‡ivc) iv‡k` Avn‡g` †PŠayixi Awd‡m| mv¶vrKvi †bqvi mg‡q wWwR mv‡ne K_v”Q‡j fwel¨‡Z Kvgv‡ji Kx Kivi B”Qv, Rvb‡Z Pvb| myß evmbv cÖKvk K‡i Kvgvj e‡jb, Avgvi B”Qv Bsj¨v‡Û e¨vwi÷vwi cov Ges GRb¨ GKwU wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K jÕ wWwMÖi Rb¨ AvbKwÛkbvj AdviI Av‡Q| wKš‘ Avw_©K Am”QjZv, ¯ú݇ii Afve I wfmv KovKwoi Kvi‡Y weªwUk nvB Kwgk‡b Av‡e`b Ki‡Z wØavwš^Z| Kvgv‡ji K_v ï‡b Rbve iv‡k` †PŠayix Zvr¶wYK XvKv¯’ weªwUk nvBKwgk‡b †dvb K‡i wfmvi Rb¨ mycvwik Ki‡j B›UviwfD I wd QvovB ciw`b mKv‡j Kvgv‡ji cvm‡cv‡U© 3 eQ‡ii Abvivwi wfmv †j‡M hvq| †mB †_‡K Kvgv‡ji Rxeb wfbœ avivq eB‡Z _v‡K| Nyl-`yb©xwZ Ges mvgvwRK AbvPvi †_‡K †invB †c‡jI gy‡LvgywL n‡jb we‡j‡Zi KwVb ev¯Íe Rxe‡bi| GLv‡b G‡m cov‡kvbvi cvkvcvwk Avw_©K msKU †gvP‡b wewfbœ ÔAW ReÕ Ki‡Z _v‡Kb, hv GLv‡b G‡j ïiæi w`b¸‡jv‡Z A‡bK Aa¨vcK-e¨vwi÷vi‡KI Ki‡Z nq| †m mg‡q jÛb †_‡K XvKvq Avgvi Kv‡Q †jLv GK wPwV‡Z Zvi †h UªvwRK wPÎ dz‡U D‡VwQj, Zv GiƒcÑ ...cov‡kvbvi e¨q †gUv‡bv Ges †c‡Ui `v‡q †i÷z‡i‡›U KvR KiwQ| G‡`‡ki †i÷z‡i‡›U g`-weqvi Kgb AvB‡Ug| †ckvMZ KZ©‡e¨i Kvi‡Y Gme mvf© Ki‡ZB nq| ZvB cÖ‡Z¨K iv‡Z evmvq wd‡i †Mvmj K‡i bvgvRv‡šÍ cÖv_©bv Kwi Ges g`-weqvi mvf© Kivi Rb¨ Avjøvni Kv‡Q ¶gv PvB| ag©cÖvY Kvgvj Gfv‡eB †i÷z‡i‡›U wKQyw`b KvR Kivi cvkvcvwk WªvBwfs cvm K‡i U¨vw· Pvjv‡bv ïiæ K‡ib| K_v”Q‡j cÖvqB Avgv‡K ej‡Zb, Avwg jÛ‡b wi·v PvjvB| Avm‡j jÛ‡b †Kv‡bv wi·v †bB, jÛ‡bi U¨vw· Pvjbv‡K XvKvi wi·v Pvjbvi †ckvMZ gv‡bi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i wZwb G K_v ej‡Zb| we‡jwZ Rxe‡bi cÖ_gw`‡K jÛ‡b U¨vw· Pvjbvi myev‡` BD‡iv‡ci ivRavbx e‡j L¨vZ mywekvj I HwZn¨gwÛZ cÖvPxb jÛb †gMvwmwUi iv¯Ív, Awj-Mwj, bvbv Rv‡Zi gvby‡li bvbv ag©-eY©-ms¯‹…wZ m¤ú‡K© e¨vcK cwiwPwZ I AwfÁZvjvf K‡ib we‡j‡Z †h‡Z †h‡Z 27

W. Kvgvj| cieZ©x‡Z 1996 mv‡j UvIqvi n¨vg‡jU -Gi †m›U wcUvm© KwgDwbwU GÛ GWfvBm †m›Uvi -Gi mv‡_ RwoZ nb| eZ©gv‡b wZwb G †m›Uv‡ii ÷vd cÖavb Z_v wcÖwÝcvj †W‡fjc‡g›U I GW‡fv‡Kwm Awdmvi| G †m›Uv‡ii KvR n‡”Q ¯’vbxq evOvwj KwgDwbwU‡K ˆ`bw›`b wewfbœ wel‡q mvnvh¨- mn‡hvwMZv Kiv I GW‡fv‡Kwm mv‡cvU© †`qv| evOvwj‡`i Kj¨vYvwaKvi, wk¶v I PvKwi, Avevmb, ¯^v¯’¨, Awfevmb, bvix‡`i †mjvB, Kw¤úDUvi cÖwk¶Y I we‡bv`bmn bvbvwea Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i _v‡K G †m›Uvi| W. Kvgvj Bsj¨v‡Û I Aby‡gvw`Z wjM¨vj mvwf©m Kwgkb (LSC) Bwg‡MÖkb mvwf©m Kwgkb (OISC) GWfvBRvi| 1996 mv‡j Kvgvj GgweG Ges Õ99 mv‡j wcGBPwW wWwMÖ AR©b K‡ib| jÛ‡bi wewfbœ mvgvwRK msMV‡bi mv‡_ Zvi Nwbô mswkøóZv i‡q‡Q| wZwb jÛb¯’ j²xcyi I‡qj‡dqvi G‡mvwm‡qk‡bi †Pqvicvm©b| weªwUk cvm‡cvU©avix W. Kvgvj we‡j‡Zi myLx I DbœZZi mgv‡R emevm K‡iI evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ wPwšÍZ-DwØMœ| cÖwZwbqZ fv‡eb, Kxfv‡e wbR Rb¥f~wgi `wi`ª‡`i mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv Kiv hvq| cÖwZeQi wbR Rb¥¯’v‡bi wk¶v cÖwZôvb, gv`ªvmv, GwZgLvbv I gmwR‡` Avw_©K mnvqZv w`‡q _v‡Kb| Av‡m©wbKgy³ weï× cvwb mieivn wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ wbR Rb¥ GjvKvq K‡qKwU Mfxi bjK‚c emv‡bvi wel‡q Zvi mv¤cÖwZK e¨w³MZ D‡`¨v‡Mi K_vI Rvbvb wZwb| Kvgv‡ji AvwZ‡_qZvi welqwUI e¨wZµg| Zvi evmvi 3 †eWiæ‡gi AšÍZ GKwU‡Z cÖvqB †gngvb _v‡K, we‡klZ hviv evsjv‡`k †_‡K jÛb md‡i hvq| wb‡Ri Kv‡R A_ev †bnv‡qr åg‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ jÛb †M‡j `yÕmßvn ev 1/2 gvm wd«-wbevm wn‡m‡e Zviv e¨envi K‡i Kvgv‡ji evwo| ïay _vKv-LvIqv bq, Kvgvj wb‡R Mvwo WªvBf K‡i Gme †gngvb‡K Gqvi‡cvU© †_‡K Zvi evmvq wb‡q hvb, Avevi †`‡k cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi mg‡q Gqvi‡cv‡U© †cuŠ‡Q †`b| Ab¨‡`i †_‡K ï‡bwQ, Kvgvj hLb we‡q K‡ibwbÑ ZLb GK †eW iæg, wjwfs I wK‡P‡bi evmv wQj Zvi, hv‡K e¨v‡Pji †KvqvUvi ev Wi‡gUwi e‡j| ZLbKvi QvÎ I U¨vw· PvjK Kvgv‡ji †mB GK †eW iæ‡gi evmvqI me©`v †gngvb †j‡M _vKZ| XvKvi GKRb bvgx wkícwZ, wZwb jÛ‡b †M‡j AfqviY¨ wn‡m‡e g‡b Ki‡Zb Kvgv‡ji e¨v‡Pji-†Wiv‡K| e¨emvwqK Kv‡R G wkícwZ jÛb †M‡j Kvgv‡ji N‡i †d¬vwis K‡iI _vK‡Zb| 28 evsjv‡`k I wek¦ Aa¨qb

jÛwb Ni-msmvi 1996 mv‡j jÛb cÖevmx wm‡j‡Ui Ave`yj KvBqyg wmK`v‡ii †g‡q ixbv cvifxb -Gi mv‡_ cwiYq m~‡Î Ave× nb W. Kvgvj| ixbv L›`Kvi ¯‹z‡j wk¶KZv Kivi cvkvcvwk msmvi-mgvR meB Pvjv‡”Qb| we‡j‡Z wKš‘ Avgv‡`i †`‡ki g‡Zv eyqv- Avqv-Aveyj-Avãyj-WªvBfvi-MvW©-`v‡ivqvb-wcIb Abyiƒc †KD †bB ej‡jB P‡j| GLv‡b wb‡Ri KvR wb‡R‡KB Ki‡Z nq Ges evmvevwo I msmv‡ii KvRKg© mvaviYZ ¯^vgx-¯¿x fvMvfvwM K‡i g¨v‡bR K‡i _v‡Kb| wKš‘ hZ fvMvfvwMB †nvK bv †Kb, gv‡q‡`i ev ¯¿x‡`i fv‡M msmv‡ii KvR †Xi †ewk c‡oB hvq| Avi ZvB ixbv fvex wb‡RB ¯^vgx I Pvi mšÍvb (†Q‡j gvnxb I Bqvwmb Ges †g‡q bIkxb I Zvnwmb) wb‡q eyqv wn‡m‡e ivbœv-evbœv Kiv ev WªvBfvi wn‡m‡e ¯‹z‡j ev”Pv‡`i †bqv- Avbv †_‡K ïiæ K‡i hveZxq KvR K‡i _v‡Kb| we‡j‡Z †gngvb`vixI e¨wZµg| †gngvb`vixi evowZ KvR Kivi Rb¨ evowZ †jvK †hgb QyUv eyqv ev cvU©UvBg IqvKv©i cvIqv hvq bv| ZvB †gngvb`vixi evowZ KvRI ixbv fvex‡`iB mvgjv‡Z nq| †gngvb hw` my‡eva nb, Zvn‡j †nv‡÷i fvM¨ fv‡jv| KviY my‡eva †gngvb mvaviYZ †nv÷‡`i‡K †gngvb`vixi evowZ Kv‡R mn‡hvwMZv K‡i _v‡Kb| †hgbÑ wb‡Ri e¨eüZ _vjv-evmb I Kvco-†Pvco ay‡q ivLv, wb‡Ri weQvbv ¸wQ‡q ivLv, wb‡Ri Lvevi wb‡q LvIqv BZ¨vw`| Ab¨w`‡K †eqvov †gngvb n‡j‡Zv ixbv fvex‡`i ïay ev‡ivUvB bq, †Z‡ivUvI †e‡R hvq| jÛwb evwo-Ni I jvD-Kzgov wn_‡iv Gqvi‡cvU© †_‡K ivZ mv‡o 12Uvq Bj‡dvW©¯’ W. Kvgv‡ji evmvq †cuŠ‡Q †`wL mevB hvi hvi †e‡W P‡j †M‡Q| W. Kvgvj Pvwe w`‡q `iRv Lyj‡ZB KvZi K‡Úi A¯úó kãÑ AveŸy Zzwg AvmQ? GZ¶Y †Kv_vq wQjv? Kvgvj †mœnmyjf fw½‡Z Zvi Rb¨ A‡c¶gvY wkï †g‡q‡K Reve †`b, Zzwg GLbI NygvIwb Av¤§y? †`L evsjv‡`k †_‡K GKUv Av‡¼j G‡m‡Q| Wy‡cø· evmvi wmuwo †e‡q Avgvi jv‡MR †`vZjvq DVv‡Z DVv‡Z †`wL †QvÆ cyZz‡ji g‡Zv 3 eQ‡ii †g‡q Zvnwmb, Avgv‡K †`‡L j¾v †c‡q †`Š‡o Zvi N‡i P‡j hvq| Gici †_‡K Avgvi †kvevi c~e© ch©šÍ hZevi Avwg iæg †_‡K †ei n‡qwQ, ZZeviB j¶¨ Kijvg, †m Pzwc Pzwc Avgv‡K †`L‡Q Ges Avgvi †Pv‡L †PvL covgvÎB †`Š‡o cvjvevi †Póv Ki‡Q| eySjvg, evsjv‡`wk †gngvb‡K †`Lvi Rb¨ Zvi JrmyK¨ I †KŠZ‚nj cÖej| wKš‘ Kv‡jv Pvgovi GB bZzb we‡j‡Z †h‡Z †h‡Z 29

fy‡ZB Zvi hZ fxwZ| ZvB Avwg Zv‡K †`Lv w`‡Z PvB‡j ev ai‡Z PvB‡j †m cvjvB cvjvB †Lj‡Z _v‡K| mKv‡j Nyg †_‡K D‡V Kvgv‡ji K_vq eyS‡Z cvijvgÑ AvR †Kv_vI †NvivNywii KvR †bB, `ycy‡i ¯‹Uj¨vÛ hvevi cÖ¯‘wZ‡Z mKv‡ji w`KUvq evmvq _vKv| †eªKdv÷ †k‡l Pv‡qi Kvc nv‡Z Kvgv‡ji evwoi AvwObv †`L‡Z †Mjvg| we‡j‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K evwo‡Z AvevwmK fe‡bi mgcwigvY ev Z‡ZvwaK eo Lvwj RvqMv Ry‡o _v‡K AvwObv ev Mv‡W©b| ïay we‡j‡Z bq, mgMÖ BD‡iv‡ci wewfbœ kn‡ii iv¯Ívi `yÕw`‡K jvBb a‡i mvwi mvwi †`vZjv †U‡im nvDR ev †`v-Pvjv AvK…wZi evwo †`L‡Z cv‡eb| cÖwZwU evwoi m¤§yL w`K Ges evB‡ii wWRvBb GKB iKg, Avgv‡`i †`‡ki j¤^v ¯‹zj N‡ii g‡ZvI g‡b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| A‡bK †¶‡Î Gme evwo GKwUi mv‡_ Ab¨wU jv‡Mvqv e‡j Avjv`v K‡i wPwýZ Kiv KóKi| cÖ‡Z¨K evwoi †cQ‡b GKwU evMvb _vK‡e| Gme evMvb †KD bvbv evnvix dz‡j mw¾Z iv‡L, †KDev mwâi Pvl K‡i, Avevi †KD dzj-dj- mwâ meB jvMvq| evMv‡bi GKcv‡k Kvco-†Pvco ïKv‡bvi e¨e¯’vI †Pv‡L c‡o| Gme Kvi‡Y evwo¸‡jvi m¤§yL w`K GKB iKg n‡jI †cQ‡bi w`K A_©vr Mv‡W©b As‡ki †mŠ›`h© G‡KK evwoi G‡KK iKg| wgDwbwmc¨vj KZ…©c¶ (hv‡K jÛ‡b ÔevivÕ e‡j) -Gi gv÷vi cø¨vb Abyhvqx wbwg©Z I wbqwš¿Z nq e‡j Gme evwoi evwn¨K w`K I AeKvVv‡gvMZ bgybvq mvgÄm¨ _v‡K| evwoi Af¨šÍixY A_ev †cQ‡bi w`K Aby‡gv`b mv‡c‡¶ cwieZ©b ev cwiea©b Kiv †M‡jI m¤§yL w`K ev Ab¨ evwn¨K w`K wKQy‡ZB cwieZ©b‡hvM¨ bq| c~e© jÛ‡bi AwfRvZ GjvKv Bj‡dvW©| †m Bj‡dv‡W©i Z‡ZvwaK AwfRvZ AvevwmK GjvKv KgbI‡qj_ †÷U| G †÷‡Ui _ijW †iv‡W 38 bs evwoi gvwjK W. Kvgvj| Zvi evwoi †cQ‡bi evMv‡b mvwi mvwi jvD, Kzgov, wkg, cyuBkvK, jvjkvK, WvUvkvK, a‡bcvZv, KuvPvgwiP jvMv‡bv n‡q‡Q| AwaKvsk w`bB wbR evMv‡bi UvUKv kvK-mwâi evowZ Z…w߇Z P‡j fywi‡fvR| Kvgvj Rvbv‡jb, Av‡Miw`b wd‡i hvIqv Zvi †QvU‡evb `yevB cÖevmx †Rmwgb cÖvqB wbR nv‡Z evMvb †_‡K kvK Zz‡j ïuUwK w`‡q ivbœv KiZ, Avi jÛ‡bi e¨wZµgx Av‡gR Dc‡fvM KiZ| Kvgvj Avgv‡K ¸‡b ¸‡b KwP jvD‡qi mvwi †`Lvw”Q‡jb, Avi wnmve KlwQ‡jb, Zvi evmvq Avgvi Ae¯’v‡bi 12 w`‡bi g‡a¨ †Kvb&w`b †Kvb& jvD †Zvjv hvq| BD‡iv‡c G mey‡Ri mgv‡ivn Avi kvK-mwâi cÖvPzh© _v‡K †Kej MÖx®§Kvjxb 3/4 gvm| evwK mgqUv †mB wPivPwiZ VvÛv, m¨vuZmu¨v‡Z, KzwP eid I e„wó‡Z †fRv jÛb| †m mgqUv kvK-mwâ †Kb, †Kv‡bv MvQ-cvjv Rb¥v‡bviI Abyc‡hvMx, †Kv_vI mey‡Ri wPýI _v‡K bv| GgbwK iv¯Ívi av‡ii eo eo MvQ¸‡jv cvZv-jZvnxb Vvq `uvwo‡q kxZ I ei‡di J×Z¨ I RqhvÎvi cÖwZ AwebZ KzwY©k K‡i cÖZvckvjx ˆkZ¨cÖev‡ni ˆek¨Zv‡K 30 evsjv‡`k I wek¦ Aa¨qb

W. Kvgv‡ji Bj‡dvW©¯’ wbR evwoi Mv‡W©‡b jvDMvQ ¯^xK…wZ w`‡Z _v‡K| cÖwZK‚j AvenvIqv ev ZvcgvÎvqI BD‡ivwcqiv cÖK…wZi KvQ †_‡K wKwÂr my‡hvM †c‡jB A_©vr ¯^íw`‡bi MÖx®§Kv‡j evwo-N‡ii AvwObv f‡i †Zv‡j kvK-mwâ, dzj- dj I meyR jZv¸‡j¥| A_P cÖK…wZi Acvi Avkxe©v`cyó evsjv‡`wk‡`i g‡a¨ Giƒc D‡`¨vM I ZrciZv ZZUv †`Lv hvq bv| De©i f~wg, AbyK‚j ZvcgvÎv Z_v bvwZkx‡Zvò Rjevqy Ges m¯Ív `v‡gi Aveyj-Avãyj, Avqv-eyqvi cÖvPzh© _vKv m‡Ë¡I evsjv‡`‡ki evwo-N‡ii A‡bK AvwObv Ges iv¯Ívi av‡ii A‡bK Rwg c‡o _v‡K Ae‡njvq I Ae¨env‡i| A_P we‡jwZ cwiev‡i Aveyj, Avqv-eyqv bv _vKv m‡Ë¡I †ckvMZ I cvwievwiK KwVb Kg©h‡Ái cvkvcvwk Zv‡`i Mv‡W©wbs KvjPvi AbyKiYxq e‡U| e½ Rbbxi mšÍvb, hviv we‡`k-wef~u‡q cÖevm Rxebhvcb Ki‡Q, Zviv cwi‡e‡ki Pv‡c Rxeb msMÖv‡g K‡Vvi cwikªgx I cwiwgZ n‡q I‡Vb| wKš‘ e½ Rbbxi †Kv‡j _vKv mšÍvbiv ïay Av‡qk-Avj‡m¨B mgq AwZevwnZ K‡ib bv, Abvev‡`i Ae‡njvq cwZZ iv‡Lb A‡bK Rwg, Ae¨env‡i I AcP‡q iv‡Lb Zv‡`i eû m¤ú`| Avj‡m¨ I nvj †Q‡o KvwU‡q †`b wb‡Ri I RvZxq Rxe‡bi eû g~j¨evb mgq| hvwcZ Rxe‡bi Giƒc cv_©‡K¨i Kvi‡YB we‡jZ ev BD‡ivc Z_v DbœZ we‡k¦i †kªô‡Z¡i mv‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki we¯Íi dvivK †_‡KB hv‡”Q| `ycy‡i ¯‹Uj¨vÛ hvÎvi c~‡e© Kvgv‡ji evmvq Zvovû‡ov K‡i †MvMÖv‡m Lvw”Qjvg| WvBwbs-wK‡Pb jÛwb n‡jI Lvev‡ii AvB‡U‡g cy‡iv evOvwjqvbv| `yevB †diZ †QvU‡ev‡bi Rb¨ MZiv‡Zi we‡kl LveviÑ eo gv‡Qi eo wcm, gyiwMi †iv÷ BZ¨vKvi †gngvbx Lvevi ivbœv n‡q‡Q| GZwKQyi g‡a¨ wgwó Kzgov ivbœvI ev` hvqwb| we‡j‡Z †h‡Z †h‡Z 31

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†L‡Z e‡mwQ| G‡KK evwU‡Z GZ‡ewk Lvevi, hv †`‡L Avwg ïay nZf¤^B nBwb, LvwbKUv fqI cvw”Qjvg| hv-B †nvK, Zvi AvMÖn I Drmvn‡K ¤øvb bv Kivi cÖqv‡m †fwR‡Uwiqvb Avgv‡K A‡bK Avwgl †c‡U cyi‡Z n‡jv| [`yB] mܨvq W. Kvgvj G‡jb wgRv‡bi evmvq, Avgv‡K Zvi evmvq wb‡q hvevi Rb¨| Kvgvj fvB I Avwg †ei njvg wgRv‡bi evmv †_‡K| wgRvb mx-Ad Kivi Rb¨ Kvgv‡ji Mvwo ch©šÍ Gj| Kvgvj fvB †hB Mvwo ÷vU© w`‡jb Ges Avwg Mvwo‡Z D‡V `iRv AvUKvw”Qjvg, Z¶ywY wgRvb Avgvi †Kv‡Ui c‡K‡U 1wU Lvg XywK‡q w`‡q ej‡Z _vKj- ÔfvB, Avcbvi Rb¨ wKQy wKb‡Z cvwiwb, ZvB...Õ| Avwg wKQy ey‡S bv DV‡ZB †m evmvi w`‡K †`Šo w`j| nv K‡i ZvwK‡q _vKv Qvov Avgvi wKQy Kivi wQj bv| Zvi G‡nb evovevwo‡Z GKevi fvejvg, cvDÛ¸‡jv Zvi evmvi m¤§y‡Li iv¯Ívq †i‡L Avwm| wKš‘ †m‡Zv Av‡iK `ytL‡ev‡ai Rb¥ w`‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov W. Kvgvj Avgv‡K kvšÍ K‡i ej‡jbÑ c‡i hLb Avevi Zvi mv‡_ †`Lv n‡e ZLb GwU †m‡Uj Kiv hv‡e, GLb †diZ †`evi †Póv Lvivc †`Lv‡e| G cÖm‡½ e‡j ivLwQ †h, we‡j‡Z evOvwj‡`i GKwU mvaviY †UªwWkb n‡”Q, Zviv evsjv‡`wk †gngvb †c‡j LvB‡q-Nywi‡q-wdwi‡q we`vqKv‡j wKQy cvDÛ c‡K‡U w`‡q †`q| G †UªwWkb Avgvi Rvbv wQj bv ev Giƒc †bqvq Avwg Abf¨¯Í e‡j Kvgvj I wgRvbmn K‡qKR‡bi mv‡_ Avgvi AvPiY AcÖxwZKiI n‡q‡Q e‡j †eva KiwQ| c‡i evsjv‡`‡k G‡m Avgvi ¯¿x W. bvRbxb (whwb cov‡kvbvi Rb¨ GK mg‡q we‡j‡Z †_‡K‡Qb Ges we‡jwZ KvjPv‡i wKQyUv AwfÁ n‡q‡Qb) mn GKvwaK m~‡Î we‡jwZ evOvwj‡`i Giƒc †UªwWk‡bi K_v ï‡b jÛbx eÜz‡`i mv‡_ D³ †eqvov AvPi‡Yi Rb¨ g‡b g‡b jw¾ZI n‡qwQ| [wZb] XvKv †_‡K weª‡Ub hvIqvi mg‡q †kwfs wµ‡gi eo c¨vK wb‡Z g‡b wQj bv| †QvU c¨vK †kl n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i †f‡e wgRv‡bi mv‡_ iv¯Ívq nuvUvKvjxb †kwfs wµg †`‡L `vg ciL KiwQjvg| wgRvb ejj, GUv GLb _vK| †evSv n‡q hv‡e, c‡i wKbe| †`vKv‡b wgRv‡bi mv‡_ †kwfs wµg †`Lvi G welqwU c‡i GK`g fy‡j wM‡qwQjvg| ZvQvov Avgvi Kv‡Q hZUzKz wµg Av‡Q, Zv w`‡q Pj‡eI K‡qKw`b| wKš‘ †m NUbvi `yÕw`b ci wgRvb W. Kvgv‡ji evmvq Gj, mv‡_ Avgvi Rb¨ _‡j fwZ© wewfbœ wRwbm| Zb¥‡a¨ GK e¨v‡M i‡q‡Q 4wU †kwfs †dvg, 2Uv †mÝi †iRvi Ges 4/5 c¨v‡KU †mÝi †eøW BZ¨vw`| Ab¨vb¨ c¨v‡KU fwZ© jÛb I we‡j‡Zi weL¨vZ wewfbœ ¯’vb I 42 evsjv‡`k I wek¦ Aa¨qb

¯’vc‡Z¨i my‡f¨wbi| †gvU AvB‡Ug wnmve Ki‡j 100wUi Kg n‡e bv| G‡KB e‡j wgRvb-cvMj! [Pvi] K¨v¤úvm cwÎKvi I‡qemvBU wbg©v‡Y †Wv‡gBb I †nvw÷s‡qi R‡b¨ BDGm †eBRW wRwd‡bU †Kv¤úvwbi cvIbv cwi‡kv‡a evsjv‡`k †_‡K AbjvB‡b A_© †cÖiY m¤¢e nw”Qj bv| msMZ Kvi‡YB Avgiv LyuRwQjvg BDGm, BD‡K ev d«vÝ cÖevmx ïfvKv•¶x KvD‡K, whwb Avgv‡`i c‡¶ AbjvB‡b Giƒc †QvULvU †`bv w`‡q †`‡eb Ges cieZx©‡Z Avgiv †m ïfvKv•¶x‡K H A_© cwi‡kva Kie| wKš‘ wbDBq‡K© bvBb-B‡j‡f‡bi †evgv nvgjvi cÖwZwµqvq A‡b‡KB Avgv‡`i Giƒc DcKv‡i Avm‡Z wØavwš^Z nw”Q‡jb| wgRvb cÖvqB evsjv‡`‡k †dvb K‡i Avgv‡`i †LuvR-Lei †bq| Zvi mv‡_ cwiP‡qi ci †_‡K Ghver †Kv‡bv C`B ev` hvqwb jÛb †_‡K Zvi †Uwj‡dvwbK ï‡f”Qv e¨ZxZ| Abyiƒcfv‡e wgRvb Avgv‡K †dvb Ki‡j K_v”Q‡j AbjvB‡b †c‡g›U mgm¨vi K_v Rvb‡ZB ejj, Avwg AvRB Avcbv‡`i c¶ †_‡K BDGmÕi †Kv¤úvwb‡K Zv‡`i cvIbv cwi‡kva K‡i w`w”Q| †hB K_v †mB KvR| ciw`bB H †Kv¤úvwbi KvQ †_‡K †c‡g›U wK¬qvi nevi Rb¨ B-†gB‡j Avgiv _¨v¼m †c‡q †Mjvg| Gi cieZx©‡Z K‡qKeviB wgRvb Abyiƒc K‡qKwU †c‡g›U mvMÖ‡n wgwU‡q hyMcr Avgv‡`i Ges BDGm †Kv¤úvwbi DcKv‡i G‡m‡Q| we‡klZ Avgv‡`i DcKviUv GZ †ewk wQj †h, wgRvb Gme †c‡g‡›U mn‡hvwMZv bv Ki‡j H †Kv¤úvwbi mv‡_ Avgv‡`i m¤úK© †kl n‡q †hZ| ïay ZvB bq, wgRv‡bi cÖvc¨ D³ UvKv cwi‡kva Ki‡Z †M‡jB †m e‡jÑ G mvgvb¨ UvKv cwi‡kv‡ai `iKvi †bB, `iKvi n‡j Avwg †P‡q †be| Zvi Gme ivRwmK cvMjvgx‡Z Ae‡k‡l jÛ‡b mgg~‡j¨i cwÎKv 1 eQi a‡i cvwV‡q Zvi cvIbv cwi‡kva †_‡K gy³ n‡Z cÖqvmx n‡qwQ| [cvuP] 2002 mv‡j Avwg 20 w`‡bi Rb¨ nj¨vÛ md‡i hvB| wgRvb Avgvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z jÛb †_‡K 2 w`‡bi Rb¨ nj¨vÛ hvq Ges G‡ZI Avwg Lye GKUv Avðh© nBwb| wKš‘ Avðh© n‡qwQ, Avgvi ¯¿x I Avgvi Rb¨ jÛb †_‡K †bqv Zvi eû iK‡gi wMdU-cvMjvgx †`‡L| kvU©-UvB †_‡K ïiæ K‡i jÛb †_‡K cvD‡Û †Kbv XvKvBqv kvwo I Mqbv †`‡L Avgiv‡Zv fxlY weeªZ| Ggwb‡ZB jÛb †_‡K †cø‡b nj¨vÛ wM‡q XvKvBqv feNy‡i †njvjÕi mv‡_ †`Lv Kivi g~j¨, Zvi Ici jÛbx evRvi g~‡j¨ we‡j‡Z †h‡Z †h‡Z 43

e¨qeûj wewfbœ wMdU| nZwenŸj n‡q Zv‡K ejjvgÑ wgRvb, Avwg wMd&U bv †bqv `‡ji gvbyl| mvgvwRK Rxe‡b wMd‡Ui †iIqvR ax‡i ax‡i Ges †klZK N„Y¨ I AcÖwZ‡iva¨ Kzms¯‹v‡ii †iIqv‡R cwiYZ nq| webve¨‡q, we‡klZ Dcj¶nxb wKQy †bqvi I cvIqvi G Af¨vm wb‡Ri ARv‡šÍB GKw`b wbR‡K GZ †ewk ¯^v_©ci K‡i †Zv‡j, hv eÜz‡Z¡i ¯’‡j cky‡Z¡i Rb¥ †`q| †c‡Z †c‡Z cvIqvi AvKv•¶v Zxeª †_‡K GZ ZxeªZi nq, hv iex VvKz‡ii K_vi g‡Zv Ô†c‡q cvIqv dz‡ivq bv eis PvIqv †e‡oB hvqÕ| ZLb gvbyl Ô†`wbmÕ gvbwmKZv nvwi‡q ÔAvwbmÕ †jvjycZvi cvMjv Mvi‡` Kxfv‡e †h ew›` n‡q hvq, Zv †UiB cvq bv| cvIqvi G †bkv ZLb Kv‡iv Kv‡iv wbKU Avwdg- †n‡ivB‡bi †bkvi g‡Zv n‡q hvq| †bqvi wewbg‡q †`qvi g‡Zv wnZvwnZ eyw×-hyw³i kw³ nvwi‡q ïay PvB PvB, cvB cvB, `vI `vI, me `vI, ïay `vI -Gi gvZjvwg‡Z wbe× n‡q hvq| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki †hŠZzK cÖ_vi ïiæ Gfv‡eB n‡q‡Q e‡j Avgvi wek¦vm| †hŠZzK wb‡q QvÎRxeb †_‡KB wPšÍv K‡i Avwg Dcmsnv‡i G‡mwQ †hÑ †hŠZz‡Ki g~‡j i‡q‡Q weevn Dcj‡¶ k¦ïivj‡qi AvšÍwiK ï‡f”Qvc~Y© Dcnvi, hv ax‡i ax‡i e‡ii cwievimn Zvi ÁvwZ‡Mvôxi ¯^v_©-mswkøó Acwinvh© I Awbevh© mvaviY welq n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q| weevn Dcj‡¶ K‡bc¶ eic¶‡K ¯^Y©-Nwo, LvU-cvj¼, my¨U, d¬¨vU, evwo, Mvwo †_‡K ïiæ K‡i _vjv-evmb, NwU-evjwZ-e`bv, Uq‡jU-c¨vb-kvIqvi, AvjZv-†mœv-cvDWvi-wµg m-e-B w`‡Z nq GLb| bB‡j ïay eiB bq, e‡ii gv- evev-fvB-†evb mevB wg‡j K‡b I Zvi †PŠÏ‡Mvôxi Nyg nvivg K‡i †`q| eic‡¶i G PvIqv GLb Avi Zv‡`i Afv‡ei Pvwn`v bq, eis ¯^fv‡ei Pvwn`v n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q| mvaviY Afve c~iYxq, wKš‘ ¯^fv‡ei Afve Ac~iYxq| ZvB G ¯^fve Avgv‡`i `~i Ki‡Z n‡e, cÖwZev`x n‡Z n‡e G ¯^fv‡ei weiæ‡×| iæ‡L `uvov‡Z n‡e †hŠZzK bv‡gi G mvgvwRK AbvPv‡ii weiæ‡×| †h †iIqvR GKKv‡j Pvjy n‡qwQj AvšÍwiK ï‡f”Qv-Dcnvi †_‡K, Zv AvR ï‡f”Qv-ewR©Z N„Y¨ †hŠZz‡Ki AwjwLZ wbq‡g cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| †hŠZzK m¤ú‡K© K_v ej‡Z wM‡q LvwbKUv Av‡eMekZ Avgvi ¯¿xi m¤§y‡LB wgRvb‡K ejjvgÑ Avwg we‡q Kivi mg‡q Avgvi d¬¨vU, evwo, Mvwo ev Abyiƒc wKQy wQj bv, hv‡K m¤ú` ejv hvq| wQj ïay ¶z`ª Avgvi †fZ‡ii wecyj Avwg| †mB Avgvi ga¨Kvi wecyjZv w`‡q cÖwZnZ Kivi mvnm †c‡qwQjvg, Avgvi ¯¿xi evevi evwoi Dcnvi bv‡gi †UªwWkbvj †hŠZzK‡K| we‡qi c~e©w`b K‡bc‡¶i njy`-cvwU© Gj Avgvi evwo‡Z| Zv‡`i nv‡Z wewfbœ Wvjvq _‡i _‡i mvRv‡bv bvbv wRwbm| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wnmveweÁvb (Accounting) 44 evsjv‡`k I wek¦ Aa¨qb

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