ສິລະປະກຳ ແລະ ສິລະປະດົນຕີ_ຄູ່ມື_ArtnMusic

& 76,j n76 ly]txtde c]t ly]txtfqo8u -Aoxt4q,lbdlkxumu & ry,muj3I’ry, Pitambra Books Pvt.Ltd., B-95, Bijoli Industrial Area, PIN-284001, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA 8k, ]m[ #*#r9@#!!@WW_ ry,7A’mu ! 9eo;ory, ) *&W sq; 0t|kf !) V @& -, lts’;o]y0tlyf

& 7j6,n76 -Aoxt4q,lbdlk ly]txtde & c]t ly]txtfqo8u shk,0kp



76j,n76 ly]txtde -Aoxt4q, xumu & 0Po c]t IP[IP’3fp G lu;yw- ,tou;q’ Xd,q lkh '7?6 xtdkpmv’ cmoj rq’d5,,ko X3I'IPolkh '7l6 ]y txtldb lk? d;fcd3h fp G lul5d ;q’;u9yf XlD;Dl? c8,h I[6 3fp G lults;kf [5o,tou Xlt4k[ao;y9yflyocs'j -kf? g0kQ |kh 3fp G lu;yw] cdh;,tou;ao XlD;Dl? d;f c]t .sh7egsao3fp G 7totde,tdkoIa[Iv's^adl6f dt-;’ldb lkmdy ko lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk ;ymtpklkf dkolbdlk @WW_



lk]t[ko ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ ;y-k ly]txtde |hk cotoe];, .................................................................................. * lt,fa 4trk[fkh odkoIPo................................................................ !# [qfmu ! c8h,8k,c[[ “ c8h,I6[da[ $ ]Pj , c]t I6[|;j pdq, ” ................ !& [fq mu @ c8h,xtfa[xtfk“ c8h,fvdf;'8k,s^addkog7y'j 7n” ..................... !_ [fq mu # c8h,8k,.9 “ c8h,rk[me,t-kf” ...................................... @# [fq mu $ c8h,8k,sq;[qf “ c8h,rk[dkog7njvows;dyf9tde.f|'bj 0v'oda IPo ”................................................................ @* [fq mu & xAo8k,c[[ “ xAo\\h= ” ...................................................... @_ [fq mu * lhk'laozqo'koly]txt “ dkolhk'rk[\\6o ” ............................. #@ [fq mu ( lhk'laozqo'koly]txt “ dkolhk'rk[c0;o ” .......................... #* [fq mu ) c8h,xtfa[xtfk “ c8h,xtfa[xtfk7e0;ao” ............................. #_ [fq mu _ c8h,8k,c[[ “ c8h,I6[-q'dq, c]t |;j pdq, ” ......................... $@ [fq mu !W c8h,8k,sq;[qf “ c8h,I6[rk[7;k,,5'j s;a'0v'oadIPo .ovtok7qf ” ................................................................ $& [fq mu !! c8h,8k,c[[ “ c8h,;af45muj,uI6[-q'c8d8kj 'dao ” ....................... $) [fq mu !@ lhk'laozqo'koly]txt 9kdl;j o8kj 'M 0v'rnf .......................... &! [fq mu !# lhk'laozqo'koly]txt “ ry,rk[9kdl;j o8kj 'M0v'rnf” .............. &$ [fq mu !$ dkoxAo c]t dkocdtlts^ad “ cdtlts^adfh;p;afltf5vvj o ” .......... &( [fq mu !& c8h,8k,.9 “ c8h,I6['ko[5oxtgrou[hkoohv' ” ........................ *W [fq mu !* c8h,xtfa[xtfk “ c8h,xtfa[xtfkI6[0v[ ” ........................... *# [fq mu !( dkoxAo “ xAolafmuj7h5og7up ”................................................. ** [fq mu !) c8h,8k,sq;[qf “ dko7hk0kp.o8ts^kf ” .............................. *_ [fq mu !_ c8h,8k,.9 “ c8h,lafmujohv',ad ”......................................... (@ [fq mu @W dkocdtlts^ad “ cdtlts^adfh;pfyo|P; sn^ fyooE,ao ”................. (& [fq mu @! c8h,8k,c[[ “c8h,g8Qkfvdw,h c]t fvdw,h” .......................... () [fq mu @@ lhk'laozqo'koly]txt “ dyf9tde37'lhk'9kdglf;afltf5 ” ........... )!

[fq mu @# dkory,rk[ “ ry,rk[fh;pglf;afltf5 ” ................................. )$ [fq mu @$ c8h,8k,.9 “ c8h,7qomujohv'Iadcr' ” ................................... )( [fq mu @& c8h,8k,sq;[qf “ c8h,gsfdko.f|b'j mujxtma[.9 ” ...................... _W [fq mu @* -q,I6[c8h,0v'oadIPo xD& c]t oadc8h,vk-u[ ........................... _# [fq mu @( c8h,8k,sq;[qf “ c8h,rk[;aogfadohvplkdqo ”.......................... _* [fq mu @) c8h,xtfa[xtfk “ c8h,xtfa[xtfkI6[;q',qo ” .......................... __ [fq mu @_ dkoxAo “ xAo7v[7q;0v'0hvp ” .......................................... !W@ [fq mu #W dko-q,zqo'kodkoxAo “ -,q zoq 'kodkoxoA 0v'oda IPo xD& ” ........ !W& [fq mu #! -q,dkolhk'laozqo'koly]txt 0v'oadIPo xD& ......................... !W( [fq mu #@ dko9af;k'ltcf'zqo'koly]txtde 0v'oadIPo xD& ................. !!W ;y-k ly]txtfqo8u ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ |hk 9f5 \\kp0v'dkolvo;y-kly]txtfoq 8u .................................................. !!$ lt,fa 4trk[fkh odkoIPo............................................................... !!& [fq mu ! gr’ < -kf]k; < .......................................................... !@# [fq mu @ gr’ < Ida mkj ozoh6 e < ....................................................... !@( [fq mu # [oa fk3oflP’.ofoq 8u c]t I[6 9’a s;t ..................................... !#! [fq mu $ sfa vkj o3oflP’ X-voc2? ................................................. !#& [fq mu & sfa vkj o3oflP’ X-voc2? ................................................. !#) [fq mu * gr’ < -,q g-pu vk;mtsko < ............................................ !$! [fq mu ( gr’ < m’5 -kf]k; < .................................................... !$& [fq mu ) sfa vkj o3oflP’ X-voc2? ................................................. !$) [fq mu _ sfa vkj o3oflP’ X-voc2? ................................................. !&@ [fq mu !W mkj 2vh o c]t rklk0v’mkj 2vh o ........................................... !&& [fq mu !! mfy 0v’dko2vh oF mkj roN 4ko0v’,n c]t mkj roN 4ko0v’8ou ............. !*$ [fq mu !@ gr’ < v;prvo76 < ......................................................... !(W [fq mu !# 2vh oxtdv[gr’ < v;prvo76 < ............................................ !(# [fq mu !$ m;o7on 2vh oxtdv[gr’ < v;prvo76 <.................................... !)! [fq mu !& dkoltcf’[fq [kfl,q ,f5 xtdv[[fq g]vjn ’ < odq ovh p7on I’a < .............. !)@

[fq mu !* m;o7on dkoltcf’[fq [kfl,q ,f5 xtdv[[fq g]vjn ’ < odq ovh p7on I’a < ..... !)) [fq mu !( l]y txtmvh ’4ojy 0[a m,h5 s^;’rt[k’ <8’A .9Iej IPo< ...................... !)_ [fq mu !) m;o7on l]y txtmvh ’4ojy 0[a m,h5 s^;’rt[k’ <8’A .9Iej IPo< ............. !_@ [fq mu !_ gr’ < odq ovh pIvh ’gr’ <.................................................... !_# [fq mu @W. 9’a s;t [oa fkg7vjn ’\\kp8kj ’M.ofoq 8u ..................................... !_( [fq mu @! sfa vkj o3oflP’ X-voc2? ................................................. @W! [fq mu @@ sfa vkj o3oflP’ X-voc2? ................................................. @W$ [fq mu @# gr’ < lkpoE < ............................................................. @W( [fq mu @$ sfa vkj o3oflP’ X-voc2? ................................................. @!! [fq mu @& sfa vkj o3oflP’ X-voc2? ................................................. @!$ [fq mu @* g7vnj ’foq 8ru oN g,vn ’]k; c7o ............................................. @!( [fq mu @( gr’ <c,’dtg[vN < .......................................................... @!_ [fq mu @) 2vh oxtdv[gr’ <c,’dtg[vN < ............................................ @@@ [fq mu @_ m;o7on 2vh oxtdv[gr’ <c,’dtg[vN <..................................... @@_ [fq mu #W dkoltcf’[fq [kfl,q ,f5 xtdv[[fq g]vjn ’ <\\cj6 ,’w,dh [a fvdw,h < ....... @#W ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ [fq mu #! m;o7on dkoltcf’[fq [kfl,q ,f5 xtdv[[fq g]vjn ’ <\\cj6 ,’w,dh [a fvdw,h <...................................................... @#& [fq mu #@ l]y txtmvh ’4ojy ]eg8pU < g8vn ogrvjn o.sgh xoa 7oq fu < .......................... @#* [fq mu ## m;o7on l]y txtmvh ’4ojy ]eg8pU < g8vn ogrvjn o.sgh xoa 7oq fu < ................ @#_ |kpgsfG le]a[[qfmu !&F!*F!(F!)F #WF#!F #@ c]t ## .sh76lvo xa[xjPogvqk[qfg]njv’ c]t ly]txtmvh ’4oyj m,uj u.omvh ’4oyj 0v’8oq g0kQ ,klvocmowfDh

7ecotoe];,djP;da[dkolvo ;y-kly]txtde 0Ao xD& ;y-kly]txtde gxoa ;y-k|’jb mu[j oa 915 .6j osd^a lf6 lk,oa ldb lk ;y-kf’aj dkj ;oU lkh ’g’vnj ow0.sh oadIPowfhlezaf c]t me7;k,7h5og7upda[7;k,l;p’k,0v’me,t-kf c]t zqo’kofhko ly]txtxtgrf8jk’M rhv,fP;daooAo d=pa’-j;p.shoadIPowfh,u3vdkflhk’zqo’koly]txtmju l;p’k,fh;p8qogv’F \\6o.-h7;k,Ih6g0Qk.odkofe]q’-u;yf8q;9y’ grnjvxtdv[lj;og0Qk.o dkolhk’ltrk[c;f]hv,.sh,u7;k,l;p’k, c]t lqf-noj .shcdlj a’7q,vudfh;pD I. 95fxtlq’ !D grnvj lt|v’7;k,Ih6rNo4ko dPj ;da[ly]txtde.shcdoj adIPo c]t -;j p.shoadIPo gduf,umadlt7;k,lk,kfvao9egxao grvnj xt8y[afm5ddyf9tdemu]j t[5w;h16.j os^adl6fD @D lbdlk7;k,’k,.shcdoj adIPoF -;j p.shoadIPo,u7;k,Ih6lbdmujfuF ,usq;7yfxtfyflhk’F ,u7;k,xkouf{vqfmqoF pv,Ia[ c]t Ih6\\6o.-h7;k,Ih6mk’fhkoly]txtde mujwfhIPo ,kg0kQ .odkoIPo;-y kvojn M c]t g0kQ .odkofe]’q -;u fy 8;q 9’y 0v’8oq gv’ 1.6j ol’a 7,q D ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ II. goNv.o goNv.omuj[ao95.os^adl6f 0Ao xD& ];,,u $ rkd 7nG rkdmu IG dkoc8h,I6[{]t[kpluG { dkoc8,h 8k,c[[ ,u $ [qf { dkoc8h,xtfa[xtfk ,u $ [qf { dkoc8,h 8k,.9 ,u $ [qf { dkoc8h,8k,sq;[qf ,u & [qf rkdmu IIG dkoxAo ,u & [qf rkdmu IIIG dkolhk’lao’koly]txt ,u * [qf rkdmu IVG dko-q,zqo’koly]txt ,u $ [qf ];,m’a \\fq G #@ [qf 6

!D dkoc8h,8k,c[[ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ dD ]tfa[7kf\\kp l’a gdfc[[8;q 9’y grvjn c8,h F c8,h 8k,dkol’a gdfgsoa c]t dko7oQ 7fy f;h p8oq gv’D .o0oA xD& oU 7;og/ydcv[oadIPo.-h,n0uf su^dg;Aodkooe.-hw,h[aomaf sn^ ;q’;Po grnvj 0ufglAo c]t c8h,I6[8kj ’MD c8.j o[k'd=]tou d=vkfvto5pkfoe.-hwfh g,nvj ,u7;k,9egxaoD 0D goNv.o { me7;k,7h5og7upda[glAo c]t I6[muj’kj pfkpF 9ecodI6[Ikj ’]adltotI6[-q' c]t 0t|kf0v';af45 c]t I6[c[[dkoc8h, g-ajoG pk;F l6’F 8OF ohvpF .spFj ,qoF dq,F luj]Pj ,F lk,c9 DDD { c8,h I[6 f;h pgloA .s7h kh p7cn [[D @D c8h,xtfa[xtfk dD ]tfa[7kf\\kp { cotoe.soh da IPoc8,h xtf[a xtfk f;h p];f]kpm7uj oQ 7fy F vvdc[[f;h p8oq gv’ c]t ]t[kpluI6[8k,.9,ad fh;pl=fe sn^ l=lu8kj 'MD 0D goNv.o { Ih6 c]t [vd-n0j v’lumuj7h5og7up c]t Ih69adD { g/ydcv[c8h, c]t vvdc[[];f]kpxtfa[xtfkmu’j kj pfkpD #D c8h,8k,.9 dD ]tfa[7kf\\kp { cotoe.shoadIPoc8h,I6[rk[me,t-kfF lafF ;af45lyj’0v’muj7h5og7up c]t .dh-yfda[ oda IPo 8k,7;k,odb 7yf0v’g0kq g9kQ D 0D goNv.o { g/ydcv[dkola’gdflafF ;af45lyj’0v’ c]t rk[me,t-kfD { c8h,lafF ;af45lyj’0v’ c]t rk[me,t-kfmuj.dh-yfda[oadIPoD $D c8h,8k,sq;[qf dD ]tfa[7kf\\kp { cotoeoadIPoc8h,8k,sq;[qfmu.j dh8q; c]t 7h5og7up8k,7;k,7yf0v’8qogv’D 0D goNv.o { g/ydcv[leobd dPj ;da[sq;[qfmu9j tc8h,D 7

{ c8h,8k,sq;[qfmujdeoqf.sh c]t ]t[kplu8k,.9,adD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ &D dkoxAo c]t dkocdtlts^ad dD ]tfa[7kf\\kp { cotoe.shoadIPog/ydcv[ c]t me7;k,7h5og7upda[dkoxAorNo4komju,uI6[Ijk’ ’kj pfkp 0D goNv.o { g/ydcv[dkola’gdfI6[Ikj ’ c]t ];f]kp]tvPf0v';af45D { g/dy cv[xoA I[6 -’q m’uj kj pfkpD *D dkolhk’laozqo’koly]txt dD ]tfa[7kf\\kp { cotoe.shoadIPog/ydcv[ c]t me7;k,7h5og7upda[dkovvdc[[F dko8af8yfF dkory,rk[ fh;pI6[rk[ muj,u7;k,\\kp c]t lulaol;p'k,D 0D goNv.o { g/ydvvdc[[I6[rk[.shwfh7;k,\\kp c]t l;p'k,D { 8af8yfg9hpF glfzhkF cdoj rnfF l;j o8kj 'M0v'rnf c]h;8qdc8'j gxaoI6[rk[ muj,u7;k, \\kp c]t l;p'k,D { ry,rk[fh;pl;j o8kj 'M0v'rnf c]t glf;afltf5gxaoI6[rk[ muj,u7;k,\\kpD (D dko-q,zqo’koly]txt dD ]tfa[7kf\\kp -;j p.soh da IPo,u7;k,Il6h db mufj u 8+zoq ’koly]txtxtgrf8kj ’MD 0D goNv.o { g/ydcv[dkola’gdf c]t dkoxtdv[7;k,gsao.lIj 6[c8h,F I6[xAoF dkocdtlts^ad c]t zqo’koly]txt xtgrf8kj ’MD { g[y’j I6[c8h,F I6[xAoF I6[cdtlts^ad c]t zqo’kodkolhk’laoly]txtxtgrf8kj ’MD III. ;ymulyflvo !D ;ymudko9afdkoIPo{dkolvo;y-kly]txtde dko9fa dkoIPo{dkolvo ;-y kl]y txtdeoU d7= kh p7dn ko9fa dkoIPo{dkolvo;-y kvojn M .o0Ao xD& 7noe.-h;ymulyflvoc[[fP;dao0v’]t[q[dkolbdlk lk,aomqj;wxF c,oj dkolyf 8

lvoc[[gvkq oda IPogxoa .9dk’D ;-y k l]y txtde,9u f5 rgy lf[k’1kj ’mcuj 8d8kj ’ 9kd;-y kvojn M ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ g-y’j 767;ogvqk.9.lj fa’j oUG { gl,u 0tspkps;q 7fy xtffy lkh ’.sch doj da IPo [+[’a 7[a oda IPo.sgh Ifa 8k,7;k,7fy 0v’ 76 sn^ \\6jgrnjvoD { oa[4n7;k,7yflhk’laomjugxaovyflts^t0v’oadIPoF x5d]tfq,-5dph6 c]t .shde]a’.9 oadIPo .odkoc8h,I6[F dkoxAoF dkocdtlts^ad sn^ dkoxtfyflhk’zqo’koly]txt xtgrf8kj ’MD @D ljy’le7ao.odko9afdkoIPo{dkolvo;y-kly]txtde grnjv9afdkoIPo{dkolvo ;y-kly]txtde.shwfhIa[zqofu 767;ogvqk.9[k’[aosk f’aj oGU { ldb lk7oQ 7;kh 9f5 xtl’q 0v’[fq lvoD { dtdP,vx5 tdvodkolvo.s7h [q 4;h o g-oaj G I[6 c8,h F I[6 xoA F zoq ’kodkolkh ’loa l]y txt grnvj gxaoc[[1kj ’cdoj adIPoD ovdoAo pa’8hv’wfhdtdP,v5xtdvovnoj M muj9egxaog-ajoG ,uf8afF 1k’dk;F luF ;afltf58kj 'MDDD { fegoou dkolvoc8]j ts;q [fq .sgh \\ktl,q [7+ ;ofegoou dkolvoc[[fP;d[a md5 Ms;q [fq grktc8]j tsq;[qf ,u95fryglfc8d8kj 'daoD { dkolvo;-y kl]y txtdeoU 8vh 'gooA .ldj koxt8[y fa 8;q 9’y 0v’oda IPogxoa 8oQ 8= l;j orkd cotoemyfltfuoAo[+.shgduo !W okmuD ]kp]tvPfdkolvoly]txtde 0Ao xD& fegouo8k,[kfdhk;8kj ’M faj’oUG ‘ dkoltg|u[qfIPo dkooeltg|[u fq IPo gxoa l’yj 9egxoa c]t .s4h ;n kj gxoa dkog],uj 8oQ g0kQ l[6j fq IPo 7l6 k,kf fegouowxfh;ps^kp;ymu g-jaoG dko8A’7e4k,lqomtokda[oadIPo djP;da[goNv.omjurq;raoda[ [qfIPoF dkoltg|uI6[c8h,F I6[rk[F I6[4kj p sn^ zqo’kofhkoly]txtxtgrf8kj ’M grvnj gxaoly’j 9’6 .90v’oda IPog0kQ l[6j fq IPo.\\Dj ‘ cotoe;ymuc8h,F xAoF dkocdtlts^adF 8af8yfF ry,rk[ c]t -q,zqo’ko ly]txt .shcdjoadIPo { .og[Nv’8Qo 767;ocotoec8]j t0Ao8vo .odkoc8h,I6[F 8af8yfF xAoF cdtlts^ad sn^ -q,zqo’ko ly]txt.shoadIPodvj oF 8q;1kj ’dkocotoec8h,I6[G 9

T 9af;k’I6[c8h,.shg\\ktlq,da[|hkg9hpD ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ T c8h,I6[8Qo8=dvj o c]h;9’bj c8h,I6[xtdv[8k,s^a’D T ]t[kpluI6[8k,.9 c8[j +.sh]k,gxNvovvdovd0v[I6[D ‘ dkoxt8y[af8q;9y’ { oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’gxao8Qo8= 3fpdkola’gdfF xP[mP[c[[c8h,F c[[xAo sn^ ;af45 ly’j 0v’8;q 9y’muoj da IPog7upgsoa c];h c8,h F xoA F cdtltsd^a F 8fa 8yfF ry,rk[8k,7;k, 7yf0v’8qogv’ rkp.8h dkocotoe0v’76D { g,njvla’gdfgsaoI6[c8h,F xAoF cdtlts^ad sn^ 8af8yfF ry,rk[.f|bj'0v’oadIPo muj7;o 9twfhIa[dkofafcx’ 76d=7;ocotoe.shoadIPo7Qo7yf sn^ la’gdfc[[7novudgmnvj |b’j c]h;fafcx’7no.shlq,[6o 8k,7;k, 7yf0v’oadIPoF 76[+7;ogIaf-;j poadIPoD { g,njvla’gdfgsaooadIPo7qo.f,uzqo’kofugfjao 76d=7;ophv'p=cotoeljq’glu, grnjv.sh oadIPozh6oAo ln[8+zqo’ko.\\.j shl;p’k,F ,u-u;yf-u;k c]t lq,[6od;kj gdqkj D ‘ dkoxa[x5’ dkoxa[x5’ gxaodko8yf8k,F -;j pgsn^v c]t cotoe ma’oadIPozh6mujgIafleg]af c]t [+leg]fa grvnj gIfa .soh da IPomd5 7oq wfgh Ifa |kh mu9j oq lf5 7;k,lk,kf0v’8oq gv’D ‘ dkolts5^[ { 7r6 vh ,d[a oda IPoI;j ,doa lts[^5 7on dPj ;d[a govN .o[fq IPomwuj fIh Po 3fp7g6 xoa z86h ’A 7e4k, g9kt9,Y c];h .soh da IPogxoa z86h v[D 9kdooA 7d6 .= s7h ecotoegr,uj g8,u grvjn 7;k,g0kQ .9 gxoa gvdtrk[doa D ‘ dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo { dko;fa c]t xtg,ou zoq dkoIPo gxoa dko-;j p.soh da IPoF I;6h kj l’yj .f8oq gv'xt8[y fa wffh u c]t ly’j .f7;oxa[x5’.shfu0BoD 767;o9af8A’cotoe.shoadIPo 8u]k7kzqo’ko0v’8qo gv’fh;p8qogv’F 9kdoAo 769’jb xtdv[7;k,gsaogru,j g8u,8k,mus^a’D { dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo ;y-kly]txtde 16j.o-Aoxt4q, [+7;o.sh7tcoo c88j u]k7k fh;plv’]tfa[7nG zkj o c]t [+zkj oD zkj oG c,oj dko[ao]58k,]tfa[7kf\\kp muj;k’w;h 16j.o[qfIPoD [+zkj oG c,oj [[+ oa ]85 k,]tf[a 7kf\\kp0v’[fq m;uj k’w;Dh .od]= to[u z+ kj o 776 ;ocotoe .sdh e]’a .9cdoj da IPo c]t .soh da IPogIfa [fq ooA 7no9oq leg]fa D 10

0h=7;ogvqk.9.ljG ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { d=]toumuj[+,ufyoxAo 76vkf.shoadIPoc8h,I6[ sn^ 8af8yfcmod=wfhD { grnvj 9af’ko;k’ltcf’zqo’koly]txt 767;ogda[dezqo’ko0v’oadIPow;h.shs^kp c]t 7;o9af’ko;k’ltcf’.o3vdkfmhkplqdIPo 9tg\\ktlq,mulj 5fD cotoedjP;da[dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo gxao0Ao8vo|bj’mjule7ao c]t 0kf[+wfh .o0t[;odko9af dkoIPo{dkolvoD 95fxtlq’8Qo8=0v’dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo c,oj ,kf8tdko|'bj grvnj -;j p .soh da IPo,zu oq dkoIPof0u oB D ltooA .o-;qj 3,’lvo|’jb M 776 ;ofegoou dko;fa zoq # w]pt7Gn ;fa zoq dvj olvoF ;afzqo0totmujde]a’lvo c]t ;afzqos^a’lvo g-yj’dko;afc8]j t7A’ ,u95fc8d8kj ’ doa f’aj oGU y dko;fa zoq dvj olvoG c,oj dko;fa zoq dvj odkolvo[fq .\\j gxoa dko;fa grvjn 1’ja g[’yj 7;k, rhv,0v’oadIPo.oshv’ ;jk,u7;k,Ih6.og]njv’mju9tlvo.o-jq;3,’oU|hvps^kpxko.f grvnj 796 twf-h vdsk;ymul’qj 7;k,I.6h soh da IPo’kj p0BoD y dko;fa zoq ]ts;kj ’lvoG c,oj dko;fa zoq 0totm7uj d6 e]’a lvo s^n rkps’a^ mouj da IPoleg]fa dyf9tde.f|b’j 76;afgrnvj d;fg[yj’;kj ,uoadIPo9eo;o|hvps^kpxko.fmujleg]af c]t [l+ eg]fa dfy 9tde}[fq g/dy sfa m7uj ;6 k’.sh grvjn -vdsk;my -u ;j pgsvn^ oda IPo1kj ’4dn 8vh ’ c]t moa dkoD y dko;afs^a’lvoG c,jodko;afzqos^a’dkoIPo9q[[qfIPo|b’j M sn^ rkd|b’j MD 76fegouo dko;afzqo grnjv.shIh6;jk.o-jq;3,’oU oadIPo[ao]58k,95fxtlq’0v’[qfIPo|hvps^kp xko.fD ,uoadIPo9ad7qomuj7;o.sh7;k,-;j pgsn^v c]t -;j pgsn^v.ofhko.fD 8k,xqddt8yc]h; dko;af c]t xtg,uozqogxao0Aol5fmhkp0v’-qj;3,’lvo c]t 16j.o xB,76,j n76 9af.shgxaosq;0h=mu &D 769t8hv’wfh;afzqooadIPo.om5dM-q;j 3,’lvo .o @ fhko7nG la’gdf 0t[;odkoIPo0v’oda IPo c]t d;fzoq ’ko8;q 9y’D c8;j kj .odkolvo 7[6 +9egxoa 9t8vh ’;fa @ fhkooU da[m5dM[qfF [k’[qfvkf9t;affhkodkola’gdf c]t [k’[qf ;afma’dkola’gdf c]t d;fzqo’kowxrhv,MdaoD 767;ovu’.lj95fxtlq’F goNv.o c]t dyf9tde0v’c8j]t[qfIPo grvnj .shdko;afzqo,u7;k,4nd8hv' c]t g\\ktlq,D grnvj .sh76lk,kffegouodko;afzqodkoIPowfh1kj ’4nd8hv’ 9b'j wfhpqd8q;1kj ’8k8t]k’ dko;af fh;pdkola’gdf c]t d;fzqo’kofaj’oUG 11

8q;1kj ’ dko;afzqo;y-k ly]txtde [qfmu ! !D dkola’gdf0t[;odkoIPo0v’oadIPo -nj c]t ok,ltd5o 7;k,gvqk.9 7;k,lk dkoxt8y[af 7;k,7yf oda IPo 8+dkoIPo ,ad7u dyf9tde8k, gsao0v’76 !D oD [q;lvo 9 9 0Ao8vo zkj o @D oD lq,ruo 9 9 9 xa[x5’dkogIaf;Pd.sh V 4nd8k,0Ao8vo #D mD 9aomvo V 9 xa[x5’dkogIaf;Pd8k, V 0Ao8vo c]t gruj,7;k, $D mD ;P'w- 9 V gvqk.98+dkoIPo 9 xa[x5’g]nvj ’7;k,lk ,ad7uda[\\6j g7jnv’\\kpG ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 9 cx;kj zkj o sn^ r=.9 V cx;kj [+zkj o sn^ 7;oxa[x5’ @D dkod;fzqo’ko -nj c]t ok,ltd5o [vd-ngj lAo c8h,I6[8kj ’M 7;k,7yfgsao oadIPo 8kj ’Mwfh fh;pglAo-nwj fh 0v’76 !D oD [q;lvo 9 @D oD lq,ruo 9 zkj o #D mD 9aomvo V $D mD ;P'w- 9 9 [+zkj ogrkt[vd-ngj lAo8kj ’M[+-afg9o 9 V [z+ kj ogrktc8,h I[6 8kj ’Mf;h pgloA -[jn -+ fa g9o 9 zkj o g7jnv’\\kpG 9 cx;kj zkj o sn^ r=.9 V cx;kj [+zkj o sn^ 7;oxa[x5’ ltooA g,vjn .f7v6 kj ox,B 7,6j 7n 6 c]t gsoa 7e;kj G dkol’a gdf c]t dkod;fzoq ’ko.s7h eo’b g4’y 8k8t]k’8;q 1kj ’g[vN ’gm’y oDU 12

lt,af4trk[fhkodkoIPo -Aoxt4q,xumu & ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ ;y-kly]txtde .o-Aoxt4q, xumu & g]a'.lj.shoadIPowfhIPoIh6 c]t ,u7;k,lk,kf 0AorNo4ko .odkoc8h,I6[{]t[kpluF dkoxAoF dkolhk'laozqo'koly]txt c]t dko-q, zoq 'koly]txt voa gxoa 7;k,Ir6h No4ko.sch ddj koIPo;y-kly]txtde.o0oA 8+wxD !D dkoc8h,I6[{]t[kplu y dkoc8h,8k,c[[ { glu,0tspkpmadltdkoc8h,8k,c[[ fh;pdkola'gdf c]t c8h,.sh7hkp7nc[[F ]t[kplu9k'{g0,A 8k,mulj 'a gdfgsoa D { ltg|uzoq 'ko0v'8oq gv' c]t .s7h e7yfgsoa cdzj oq 'ko0v'zv6h onj D y dkoc8h,xtfa[xtfk { c8h,F xtfa[xtfk c]t ]t[kplu .lzj qo'koly]txtD { 0Po7e0;aomuj,ugoNv.olAo 3fpg]nvdgoNv.o c]t vvdc[[xtfa[xtfk fh;p8qogv'D { oeltg|uzqo'koF [vd7;k,\\kp0=h7;k,mu0j Po c]t 0Ao8vodkoxtfa[xtfkwfhD y dkoc8h,8k,sq;[qf { c8h,I6[ c]t ]t[kplu.lIj 6[c8h, 8k,sq;[qfmuj76deoqf.shD { oeltg|uI6[c8h,0v'8qogv' c]t xtdv[7;k,gsao.l[j qfc8h,0v'zh6vnoj 3fpgoAo.lj 8;q ]t7vo8oQ 8=.oI[6 c8,h D y dkoc8h,8k,.9 { c8h,I6[ c]t ]t[kpluI6[8k,7;k,,ad0v'oadIPogv' g-aoj G I6[7qoF lafF ly'j 0v' sn^ me,t -kf mujoadIPowfhrq[gsao.o-u;yfxt9e;aoD { oeltg|uzqo'kodkoc8h,0v'8qogv' c]t .sh7ecotoemjulhk'lao8+zqo'ko0v' \\6gj rnvj o 3fpgoAo.l7j ;k,\\kp c]t ]adltotle7ao0v'I6[c8h,D @D dkoxAo { xAos5joF lafF \\kdw,h c]t lyj'0v'mjupkdd;kj 0Ao xD$ 3fpoe.-h;ymudkoo;ffyoF dkoxAo8k,dkocotoe0v'76 c]t oe.-hco;7;k,7yf0v'8qogv'D { dkocdtlts^adgxao];f]kp fh;p\\kdw,h c]t rnfzqo[k'-toyfF fh;p;afltf5vvj o 3fpoe.-h g8adoyd9kddkocotoe0v'76 c]t co;7;k,7yf0v'8qogv'F oe.-h;af45 c]t g7njv' ,ncdtlts^adwfh1kj '7vj 'c7;j c]t ]tvPfxkoufd;kj 16j.o0Ao xD$D 13

{ oeltg|uzqo'kodkoxAoF cdtlts^ad0v'8qogv'F [vd-nlj yj'0v' c]t g8adoydmujoe.-hສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ .odkoxAo c]t dkocdtlts^adD #D dkolhk'laozqo'koly]txt { 9udF 8af c]t 8yfI6[8kj 'M muj'kj pfkp fh;pglf;afltf5 c]t ;af459kdme,t-kf zt]fy gxoa zoq 'kofkh ol]y txt8kj 'MD { ry,rk[fh;pl;j o8kj 'M 0v'rnfF ;afltf58kj 'M .shgxaoI6[rk[muj,u7;k,\\kp c]t ,ululoa l;p'k,D { oeltg|uzqo'koly]txt0v'8qogv' c]t [vd0Ao8vodkoxtfyflhk'zqo'ko 0v' 8oq gv'wfDh $D dko-q,zqo'koly]txt { 7afg]nvdzoq 'koly]txt0v'8qogv' rvh ,ma'8dq c8'j gru,j g8u, grvnj ;k'ltcf'D { 9fa xtgrfzoq 'kol]y txtF 9fa lt4kom;uj k'ltcf' c]t vtm[y kp.o'ko;k'ltcf'D { 8u]k7kzqo'koly]txt0v'8qogv' c]t 0v'7qovnoj 3fpgoAo.lgj 8adoyd c]t ltcf' 7;k,\\kpfkh o7o5 trk[D 14

[qfmu ! c8h,8k,c[[ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ <c8h,I6[da[ $ ]jP, c]t I6[|j;pdq, < g;]k ! -qj;3,’ I. 95fxtlq’ grvjn .soh da IPolk,kfG { la’gdf c]t 9ecod95fryglf0v’lv’;af45mu,j uI6[Ikj ’ c]t I6[-q’ c8d8kj ’daoD { c8,h I[6 wf7h kh p7nc[[c8,h D { oe.-hs^addko c]t ;ymudkog0Qk.odkoc8h,8q;9y’wfhD II. goNv.o { c8h,I6[da[ $ ]Pj , c]t I6[|;j pdq,D { .lcj l’{g’kq f;h pl=f=kD III. lnjdkoIPo{dkolvo { I[6 c8,h c[[1kj ’ c8]j t0oA 8vo0v’dkoc8,h I[6 D { c[[c8h, XI6[da[ $ ]Pj ,lu0k; c]t I6[|;j pdq,lu0k;?D { g9hpc8h,F l=f=kF 1k’]b[D IV. dyf9td=kdkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok { 76;k’c[[c8h, XI6[da[ $ ]Pj , c]t I6[|;j pdq,? w;h[vj og-yj']tfa[lkp8koadIPo\\qf m5d7qolk,kf la’gdfwfhD { 76.-h7e4k,8kj ’Mf’aj oUG • 76-U.l;j af45mu8j A’w;h oUc,oj I6[spa’LF ;af45oUgIaffh;pspa'L • ;af45f’aj dkj ;,u7;k,c8d8kj ’daoco;.fL • c8]j tvao,uI6[-q’co;.fL 76.shoadIPo ${& 7qo 8v[7=k4k, rkps^a’oadIPo8v[c]h;76lts5^[7no mk’fhkoI6[ Ikj ’ c]t I[6 -’q 0v’;fa 45 grvjn gl,u mda lt.odkol’a gdf.sch doj da IPo 776 ;o8’A 7e4k, 8n,j vudD • .soh da IPomuoj 'aj 1m6j k’g[Nv’-kh pl’a gdf;fa 4m5 ’a lv’1kj ’m7uj 86 ’A w;ch ];h .-7h e4k,G 15

• r;dovh ’l’a gdfgsoa I[6 d[a $ ]Pj ,,u9da |kh L l’a gdfgsoa I[6 |;j pd,q |vh p{s^kpxko.f ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ sn^ gsao\\qf|;j pL rhv,da[oadIPomujoaj'16jg[Nv’-hkpla’gdfoAo76d=8hv’wx1no16gj [Nv’-hkpg-aoj fP;dao 76.sh oadIPo !{@ 7qo8v[ s^a’9kdoAo76lts^5[wxrhv, 76.-h7e4k,gdkqj 4k,oadIPom1uj m6j k’dk’ c]t g[Nv’0;k8v[ c8]j t7A’767;olts^5[7no grnvj .shoadIPog0Qk.995fmu,j u;af45[a’dao c]t 95fmuj lk,kfco,gsao c]t g;]kc8h,I6[7;oc8h,8k,95fmu8j qogv’co,gsaoD @D coto=k;ymuc8h, ;ymula’gdf c]t 9=kcodG { I6[da[ $ ]Pj ,xtdv[,u * |hkG |hkg[Nv’gmy’F g[Nv’]5,j c]t lu|j hkvhv,Iv[mugj xao];’ 8’A D c8]j t|kh ,7u ;k,Ik[rP’ g;]kl’a gdfc8]j tfkh olk,kfco,gsoa |’jb |kh D lv’|kh sn^ lk,|kh 0v’I[6 d[a D c8,h I[6 d[a .s’h k,8vh ’c,oj 9f5 mlju k,kfl’a gdfgsoa lk,|kh fkh oD { I[6 |;j pd,q [+lk,kf9ecod|kh wf7h ndoa d[a I[6 d[a $ ]Pj ,grktI[6 |;j pd,q ,udkoxtdv[ lkh ’37’h d’jq ltg\\uF l’a gdf9kd,,6 .fd=];h oc8lj ’a gdfgsoa I[6 Ikj ’ c]t I[6 -’q 37’h d’jq ,oq { g;]kcl’lts;kj ’lvj ’cl’9kdfkh o|’jb g0kQ l;j6 fa 4o5 oA M ]tf[a 7;k,g0,A 9k’0v’g’kq c8]j t]tf[a 9tgxoa 8;q 9ecod1kj ’9tc9’h F l;j og’kq .oI[6 |;j pd,q 9t,u]tf[a 7vj pg7vnj o wx1kj ’g[kq MD I6[c[[1kj ’G I6[da[ $ ]Pj , c]t I6[|;j pdq,D 16

;ymuc8h,G ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { la’gdfc[[F d=koqflafl;j oF 0Bo37’Ikj ’];,fh;pI6[glAo $ c9 .lgj 9hpc8h,.shg\\ktlq,D { 0Bo37’Ikj ’ $ c9 ltgrkt0v’c8]j tc[[c8h, XI6[da[ $ ]Pj , c]t I6[|;j pdq,?D { -vdmu8j A’lafl;j o c8j]t|hk0v’I6[da[ $ ]jP,c8h,0Bo37’Ijk’I6[fh;pglAo-njD le]a[ I6[|;j pdq, 8hv’c8h,glAoovoF glAo0;k’F glAo8A’ c]t glAolts]P’ ltgrktI6[|;j p d,q ]kdgloA gxoa I[6 ;’q ,oq 8k,gloA lcuj 9mduj eofq w;Dh { fafcx’I6[Ikj ’ c]t ]b[glAom[uj +8hv’dkovvdD { dko.ljcl’g’qk7;o.ljcl’g’qkc[[’jkpfkp.olk,]tfa[cl’g’qk7nG g’qkg0A,F g’qk xkodk’F [vj oc9h’l5f Xcl’9af?D { dko.lcj l’{g’qk7;o.lcj l’g’qk8q;;af450v’c[[c8h, c]t g’qk8qdmvf Xg’qk]Q,?D { 76o=k.-hc[[c8h,.ljcl’{g’qk c]t I6[c[[8q;1jk’c8j]t0Ao8vo,kvtmy[kp c]t lkmyfwxrvh ,Mdoa grvnj gr,uj 7;k,g0kQ .9.sch doj da IPoD I6[c[[1kj ’G 0Ao8vodkoc8h,D 17

#D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { 9fa oda IPoo’ja gxoa d,j5 { 767;o,uc[[c8h, #{$ -5fF ;k’.o #{$ 95f8kj ’daoF skj ’dao c]t 7;o;k’.o95fmu,j u cl’lts;kj ’lvj ’g0kQ .lcj [[c8,h 1kj ’rP’r=D { oda IPoxt8y[fa dkoc8,h I[6 0v’.z]k;vu’8k,c[[0v’c8]j td,j5 m7uj 96 fa ;k’.sDh { 768yf8k,c8]j td5,j c]t [5d7qo.sh7ecotoe c]t 7egsao grnvj .shoadIPoI6h95f1nomulj k ,kfla’gdfgsao c]t c8h,8k,95fmu8j qogv’ lk,kfco,gsaoD { g,vnj oadIPoc8h,leg]afc]h; .shgvqkI6[c8h,wx8yf.ldj tfko grvnj xtg,uoD $D lts^5[ { 7.6 soh da IPoc8]j td,j5 g]vn dI[6 mcju 8,h wffh u c]t .sgh 9kQ 0v’I[6 c8,h f’ja dkj ;vvd,kvtm[y kp 0Ao8vo c]t ;ymudkoc8h,.sh\\67j 6j c]t 762a’D { \\76j 6j c]t 76xtdv[7e7yfgsaogr,uj g8u,D { 76lts^5[zqo0v’dkoc8h,I6[ c]t -U.shoadIPogsaog4y’95fgfajo c]t 95fmuj7;ogvqk.9 .lxj [a x’5 .odkoc8,h I[6 D { 76cotoe.shoadIPogvqkI6[c8h,l’jq .sh76 grvnj d;fdk c]t gda[Iadlkw;h grvnj ;k’ltcf’ .o3vdkf8+wxD V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo !D dkola’gdf { 7;k,gvqk.9.l.j odkoxt8y[afdyf9tderkp.od,j5 D { xt8y[fa 4nd8vh ’8k,0oA 8vodkoc8,h D { zoq leg]fa 0v’’koD { dko7afg]nvd c]t vtmy[kpI6[c8h,0v’8qogv’wfhD @D dkod;fdkzqo’ko { 0Bo37’Ikj ’ c]t 9afrk[.l|j hkg9hplq,l;oj D { I6[-q’ Xcl’ c]t g’qk?D { I[6 rk[7kh p7cn [[mlju ’a gdfgsoa D 18

[qfmu @ gg8h,xtfa[xtfk ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ < c8h,fvdf;’8k,s^addkog7yj’7n < g;]k ! -qj;3,’ I. 95fxtlq’ .soh da IPolk,kfG { 0Bo37’lkh ’I[6 fvdf;’ 3fpzkj ocdog7’yj 7nwfDh { vvdc[[fvdf;’c[[8kj ’Mwfh 1kj ’,usq;7yfxtfyflhk’D { ]t[kpluwfhl;p’k,D II. goNv.o { c8h,xtfa[xtfkfvdf;’.lIj 6[g]0k7toyfc[[8kj ’MD { ]t[kplDu III. lnjdkoIPo{dkolvo { I[6 c[[1kj ’c8]j t0oA 8vo0v’dkoc8,h I[6 c]t I[6 c[[1kj ’xtf[a xtfkI[6 g]0k7tofy -toyf8kj ’M g-aoj G I6[ $ c9lkdF I6[9t85]afF I6[;q’,qo DDD { g9hpc8h,F l=feF 1k’]b[F luF [aomafF ;q';PoD IV. dyf9td=kdkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok 7l6 oq mtokd[a oda IPodPj ;d[a I[6 g]0k7toyf8kj ’M 3fp.-7h e4k,G { r;dohv’I6hI6[g]0k7toyf-toyf.fcfj L .shoadIPo @{# 7qo8v[7e4k,8k,7;k,g0Qk.90v’g0qkg9QkD { 76.shoadIPo @{# 7qo vvd,kc8h,I6[fvdf;’.f|’bj mu8j qogv’I6h9ad .ldj tfkoD { 76ltg|u95fxtlq’.odkoIPo-q;j 3,’oU c,oj c8h,I6[xtfa[xtfkI6[g]0k7toyf.f|b’j muj 8qogv’,ad 3fpwfhvu’.l;j ymu c]t s^ad dkoc8h,m,uj uI6[g7y’j 7n zkj ocdog7y’j 7nD 19

@D coto=k;ymuc8h, ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ coto=kF la’gdfG { I6[mu4j ndxtfa[xtfk3fpzkj ocdog7y’j 7nxtdv[,uI6[9t85]afF I6[;q’,qoF I6[ $ c9lkd DDD I6[Ikj ’0v’fvdf;’c8]j tg7y’j g;]k.fd=,ul;j o7ndao g-y’j gIqklhk’37’Ikj ’ 3fpzkj o cdog7’jy 7Dn { c8h,xtfa[xtfk3fpzkj ocdog7y’j 7n ! cdog7y’j 7nF @ cdog7y’j 7n s^n s^kpglAoD 8;q 1kj ’G T I[6 c,’ok=h /oq c,oj I[6 mzuj kj ocdog7’yj 7nmk’8’A I6[8q;1kj ' G xtfa[xtfkzkj ocdog7’yj 7nmk’8A’ 20

{ fvdf;’mxju tf[a xtfkzkj ocdog7’jy 7gn ;]k.fdg= mkjq doa F 7dn oa mk’fkh oI[6 Ikj ’ c]t llu oa D ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ ;ymuc8h,xtfa[xtfkzjkocdog7jy'7nG { c8h,0tsokfI6[g]0k7toyf.f|’bj m8uj hv’dkoxtfa[xtfk XI6[9t85]afF I6[;q’,qoF I6[ $ c9lkd DDD ? { 0fu gcdog7’jy 7n { c8h,37’Ikj ’fvdf;’I6[8Qo8= c]t I6[leIv’D { c8,h fvdf;’.sgh \\ktl,q d[a I[6 Ikj ’D { ]t[kplu8k,7;k,,da D * ly’j 7;ogvqk.9.lGj [aofkI6[Ikj ’fvdf;’muzj kj ocdog7y’j 7noAo 8hv’c8h,]t[kplu16.j olu fP;dao c]t 7;k,g0A,9k’8hv’gmkqj daoD 768hv’.shoadIPola’gdf c]t vtmy[kp.shoadIPog0Qk.9 m5dM I6[m,uj u.o[qfoUD #D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’ { 9fa oda IPovvdgxoa d,j5 Xd,j5 c8,h I[6 ;’q ,oq F d,j5 c8,h I[6 9t8]5 fa F d,j5 c8,h I[6 $ c9lkd DDD?D { g;]koda IPo]’q ,nc8h,0Bo37’Ikj ’768hv’8yf8k,.sh7ecotoegxoa d,5j c]t [5d7qoD { 7c6 [’j g;]kgxoa lv’w]pt D w]pt0Bo37’Ikj ’ c]t w]pt]t[kpluD 4kh gsoa ;kj oda IPo0Bo 37’Ikj ’c];h 7c6 otoe.soh da IPo]t[kplIu [6 c]t 7d6 8= vh ’8fy 8k,.s7h ecotoegr,ju 8,jn D { mkh p-;jq 3,’.soh da IPogvkq [fq c8,h 0v’8oq wx8yfw;1h d6j tfko grvnj xtg,uozoq ’koD $D lts^5[ { 76cotoe.shoadIPog]nvd[qfmfuj ugfoaj 0v’c8]j td,5j c8h,g-oaj G I6[;q’,qoF I6[9t85]afF I6[ $ c9lkd DDD { .shg9Qk0v’I6[c8h,mfuj ugfoaj vvd,kvtmy[kpI6[c8h,0v’8qo.sh\\7j6 6j c]t 762a’D { .sh\\76j x6j tdv[7e7yf7egsao.l[j qfc8h,f’aj dkj ;D { 76lts^5[7no3fp-U.shgsao95fgfajo c]t 95f7;ogvqk.9.ljxa[x5’grnjv.sh,u7;k,l;p’k, 4dn 8vh ’D { 7g6 d[a [fq c8,h w;gh rvjn d;fdk c]t ;k’ltcf’.o3vdkf8w+ x 4kh oda IPo7oq .f[m+ oa leg]fa .shgvqkw;hgxao;Pd[hko .o-;qj 3,’8+wx9’bj oe,kl’qj 76grvnj d;fdkD 21

V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ !D dkola’gdf { dkogvkq .9.ldj koxt8y[fa 8;q 9y’.od,j5 D { xt8y[fa 4nd8vh ’8k,0oA 8voD { zoq leg]fa 0v’;Pd’koD { vtmy[kp[qfc8h,0v’8qowfhD @D dkod;fdk { 4nd8k,s^addko c]t ;ymuD { fvdf;’,u7;k,f5ofPj ’F lq,f6o .oc8]j tg[Nv’mxuj tfa[xtfkzkj ocdog7’yj 7nD { fvdf;’l;p’k,D { ]t[kplul;p’k,D { co;7fy lkh ’loa D 22

[qfmu # c8h,8k,.9 < c8h,rk[me,t-kf< ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ g;]k ! -qj;3,’ I. 95fxtlq’ .soh da IPolk,kfG { c8h,rk[me,t-kf.sh4nd8k,s^addko c]t ;ymuD { I6hdqfgdo.dh{wd Xmafltouptrk[?D { c8,h ]t[kplucl’{g’kq wflh ;p’k,D { 8A’-nIj 6[c8h, c]t vtmy[kpI6[c8h,0v’8qogv’wfhD II. lnjdkoIPo{dkolvo { I6[c8h,c[[1kj ’ X0Ao8vodkoc8h,I6[ me,t-kf?F I6[4kj prk[me,t-kfc[[8kj ’M { g9hpc8h,F l=feF 1kj ’]b[F luc8h,D III. dyf9td=kdkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok { 76 c]t oda IPoloq mtokdPj ;d[a dkoc8,h I[6 8k,.9mguj 7upIPozkoj ,kD { 7l6 oq mtokd[a oda IPodPj ;d[a 7;k,\\kp0v’7e;kj < me,t-kf < c]t dkoxdq xda Ida lk l'yj c;f]hv,D { 76.shoadIPo @{# 7qog]kqj 7nog]vnj 'da[rk[me,t-kfm8uj qogv’g7upxtlq[rq[r=h.sh\\76j 6j c]t 726 ’a { 7l6 ts[5^ l’a ];,dkog]kjq 0v’oda IPoD @D coto=k;ymuc8h, { -vdskgoNv.o c]t 7Qo7yfskrk[me,t-kfmu9j tc8h,D 7afg]nvdrk[me,t-kfmu8j qo gv’,da c]t wfxh tl[q r[q r=h s^n vkf9tc,oj rk[me,t-kfm[ju kh o8oq gv’vkwl1gj6 rvjn c8,h { 9afrk[G ;ymu9afrk[8hv’lq,f6of5ofPj ’]ts;kj ’rk[8Qo8= c]t rk[leIv’D rk[8Qo8= c]t rk[leIv’xt8y[af|hkmruj ao]tok1kj ’9tc9h’ grvnj m9uj twfhltcf’g4y’goNv.o0v’ I[6 rk[F [7+ ;oc8,h I[6 rk[c[[,oj5 pvj p F l[a -vh oI[6 rk[.s,h ]u da ltot.dwh d d,q don doa grvnj ltcf’.sgh soa 7;k,’k,]tvPfvvj o0v’I[6 rk[ F \\kp7;k,;kj rk[.f1.j6 dgh xoa I[6 .spFj rk[1w6j d9tgxoa rk[ovh p]’q wx8k,]ef[a 7;k,.dwh d0v’rk[ooA MD 23

{ I6[rk[G 7afg]nvd[aofkI6[rk[muj,u]adltotg\\ktda[rk[me,t-kfg0f-qoot[qfF ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ g0f.o8q;g,nv’F g0fr6fvp c]t vnoj MF { luG luc,oj xafw9mulj e7ao gIaf.shI6[rk[.dh7P’da[lulao0v’me,t-kf c]t 4ndda[9yf.9 0v’z6hc8h,D ltoAo g;]kc8h,8hv’gvqk.9.lj fa’j oUG T dko]t[kplugIafco;.f grnjvltcf’95fryglf.shgsaovao.fc,jo.o8q;g,nv’ vao.f c,oj .og0f-qoot[qf s^n g0fr6fvpDDD I6[8q;1kj 'G me,t-kf[hkookD #D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’ { 9fa oda IPoo’ja gxoa d,j5 D { oadIPo]q’,nc8h,xt,ko !W{!& okmu 768yf8k,.sh7ecotoegxaod5,j F gxao[5d7qoD { rkps^a’gsao;kj oadIPoleg]afmk’fhko37’Ikj ’9b’j cotoedko]t[kplu 0Ao8vooU76d= 8hv’8yf8k, c]t .sh7ecotoegru,j g8u,D { mhkp-qj;3,’IPo76cotoeoadIPo8A’-njI6[c8h,0v’8qogv’ c]t gvqkI6[c8h,,k8yf .ldj tfkogrvnj xtg,uoD 24

$D lts^5[ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { 76cotoeoadIPo7afg]nvdI6[c8h,mguj foaj .od,5j 0v’8qo ! [qfgrvnj gxao8q;1kj ’ { .shg9Qk0v’I6[c8h,c8]j td,5j vvd,kvtmy[kpI6[c8h,0v’8qogv’.sh\\76j 6j c]t 762a’ { 76 c]t \\6gj rnvj o.sh7e7yfgsao c]t phv’p=-q,g-upD { 76lts^5[la’];,I6[c8h,0v’c8]j td,5j { 76gda[I6[w;hgrnvj d;fdk c]t ;k’ltcf’.o0Ao8+wx 4hkoadIPo7qo.f[+maol=kg]af.shgvqkw;hgxao;Pd[hko .o-q;j 3,’8+wx9b’j o=k,k lq’j 76 grnvj d;fdkD V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo !D dkola’gdf { 7;k,gvkq .9.ldj koxt8y[fa ;Pd.od,j5 D { xt8y[fa 8k,0oA 8voD { zoq lk= g]fa 0v’;Pd’koD { dkovtm[y kpI[6 c8,h 0v’oda IPoD @D dkod;fdk { dkola[-hvo9afrk[wfhfu c]t lq,l;oj da[|hkg9hpD { ltcf’govN .o0v’I[6 rk[-fa g9oD { ]t[kpluF cl’{g’qkfuD { ,uco;7yflkh ’loa D 25

[qfmu $ c8h,8k,sq;[qf < c8h,rk[dkog7njvows; ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ dyf9td=k.f|bj’0v’oadIPo< g;]k ! -qj;3,’ I. 95fxtlq’ .shoadIPolk,kfG { vvdc[[ c]t c8h,rk[dkog7nvj ows;dyf9tde.f|’bj wfhD { ]t[kpluI[6 rk[wf1h kj ’l;p’k,D { 8A’-nj c]t vtmy[kpI6[c8h,0v’8qogv’wfhD I. goNv.o { c8,h rk[dkog7vnj ows;dyf9tde.f|’jb 0v’oda IPo { ]t[kplDu III. lnjdkoIPo{dkolvo { I[6 c[[1kj ’c8]j t0oA 8vodkoc8,h I[6 m,uj us^kps;q [fq mcuj 8d8kj ’doa D { g9hpc8h,F l=feF 1k’]b[F luD IV. dyf9td=kdkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok { 7l6 oq mtokd[a oda IPof;ph dko8’A 7k= 4k,D T dkog7vnj ows;dyf9tderkp.o3I’IPo0v’gIkq ,usp’a cfLj T .shoadIPo8v[ @{# 7qo 8v[7e4k, rhv,vtmy[kpgoNv.odkog7nvj ows;dyf9tdeoAoMD { 7l6 ts[5^ l’a ];,dkog7vjn ows;dfy 9tderkp.o3I’IPom,uj su k^ pdfy 9tde g-oja G dkog7vjn o ws;dy]kF dkovvdcI’’koF dkos^Yoc[[,;j o-noj c]t vnoj MD { 76ltg|uoadIPo.shI6h;jk9twfhIPoc8h,I6[8k,sq;[qf < dkog7njvows;dyf9tde.f|bj’ 0v’oda IPo<D @D coto=k;ymuc8h, { 7oQ 7yfgoNv.os;q [fq D T dkog7nvj ows;dyf9tde,us^kpgoNv.o g-aoj G dkos^Yo,j;o-noj .ogfuoj F dkoltcf’ly]txtF dkog7vjn ows;rkp.osvh ’D 26

T .shr;dohv’g]nvdgvqkgoNv.o.f|’bj m8uj qogv’,ad c]t 9n9j eI6[rk[F lulaoF 95fryglf ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ grvnj c8,h dkog7vnj ows;dyf9tdef’ja dkj ;D { ;my Gu T -vdI6[rk[mvuj 5fq,lq,[6o g\\ktlq,da[goNv.osq;[qfm9uj tc8h,D T la[-hvoI6[rk[8Qo8=F rk[leIv’ .shg\\ktlq, lq,f6odaoD T c8h, c]t fafcx’[aofkI6[rk[.o|hkg9hpfh;pmkj mk’8kj ’M grvnj .shI6[rk[,u dkog7nvj ows;D T ]t[kplulqf.lF ,ucl’g’qkD * lyj’7;ogvqk.9.lj { [+7;oc8,h s^kpI[6 rk[gduo0v[g0f grkt9trk.s,h u7;k,l[a loq D { I[6 rk[8oQ 88= vh ’c8,h f;h pllu fq .lgrvjn gr,uj llu oa F pdq govN .oI[6 c8,h .s9h tc9’h c]t -fa g9oD I6[8q;1kj 'G #D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’ { 9fa oda IPoo’ja gxoa d,j5 D { .soh da IPo7oQ 7yfs;q [fq m8ju oq 9tc8,h D { 786 yf8k,.s7h =kcotoegxoa d,j5 F gxoa [d5 7oq D { rkps^a’oadIPoc8h,leg]afc]h;cotoeoadIPo8A’-nIj 6[c8h,0v’8qo c]t oeI6[c8h, 0v’8qowx8yf.ldj tfko grvnj xtg,uoD 27

$D lts^5[ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { cotoeoda IPo8yfI[6 c8,h 0v’8oq gxoa d,j5 .ldj tfkoD { .soh da IPo.oc8]j td,j5 7fa g]nvdI[6 c8,h mguj foja lf5 .od,j5 0v’8oq grvnj gxoa 8;q 1kj ’D { .shg9Qk0v’I6[c8h,vvd,kvtmyp[kpl\\6j 67j 6j c]t 762a’D { 76 c]t \\6jgrnvj o.sh7e7yf7egsao c]t phv’p=-q,g-upD { 76lts^5[7nodkoc8h,0v’oadIPo goAo7nos^addko c]t ;ymuc8h,.shoadIPog0Qk.9 c]t lk,kfo=kwxxt8y[afwfh.og;]k8+wxD V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo !D dkola’gdf { 7;k,gvkq .9.l.j odkogIfa ;Pd.od,j5 D { zoq leg]fa 0v’’koD { xt8y[fa 8k,0oA 8voD { dkovtmy[kpI6[c8h, c]t dko8A’-Inj 6[c8h,D @D dkod;fdk { 9fa rk[g\\ktl,q d[a |kh g9ph D { rk[gvdF rk[leIv’ 9tc9h’D { ltcf’vvd9tc9’h mk’fkh ogoNv.oD { ]t[kplul;p’k,D { co;7fy lkh ’loa D 28

[qfmu & xAo8k,c[[ < xAo\\=h < g;]k ! -qj;3,’ I. 95fxtlq’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ .soh da IPolk,kfG { .-hfyo|P; s^n fyooE,aoxAoI6[\\=hwfhD { la’gdf c]t xP[mP[]ts;kj ’c[[xAo c]t I6[xAo0v’8qoD II. goNv.o { xAo\\=hfh;pfyo|P; s^n fyooE,aoD III. lnjdkoIPo{dkolvo { \\=h8q;9y’ #{$ |;pj grnvj ,kgxaoc[[ 7;og]nvd\\=hmu,j uI6[-q’’kj pfkpD { I[6 xoA c[[1kj ’ s^n zoq ’ko0v’oda IPoD { foy |P; sn^ foy okh= ,oa F g7vjn ’,xn oA le][a xkffoy XgIfa f;h pw,wh z?j F w,ch xoh F 4’q 1k’F .[8v’F .[[q;F w,hvaf grnvj Iv’Ia[fyoxAoF o=hkltvkfF g7nvj ’o5’j daogxNvo X4hk,ug’nvj ow0?D * c[[xoA X\\=?h 4kh ;kj [+rP’r=7;oskgvkq ;fa 4v5 onj xPj ocmoc8.j s,h uI[6 -’q 7kh p7n\\=h g-aoj G 9vd’;’dyoo=hkF 75ohvpF dt8ydo=hkF 4;hp c]t vnoj MD IV. dyf9td=kdkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok { 7l6 oq mtokd[a oda IPof;h pdko.-7h e4k,f’ja oUG T .ogInvo7;q 0v’ovh ’,ug7vnj ’.-sh p’a cfLj T gryoj .-hspa’8Q,cd’ s^n s5’g0QkL T \\=hgIaffh;p;afltf5spa’L ,u]adltotI6[-q’co;.fL { 7l6 ts^[5 l’a ];,7e8v[0v’oda IPo c];h ltg|u9f5 xtl’q 0v’dkoIPoxoA .o[fq oU < xAo\\=h < D ∗ dvj odkoIPo ! ;ao 76coto=k.shoadIPodP,fyo|P; s^n fyoo=hk,ao 4hkgxaofyo|P; 8vh ’zkj o0t[;odko8kj Mf’ja oU fyo|P;8vh ’o;f.s]h tvPf [+.sch 0’ [+.sch s^;gduowx .sh,u7;k,-,5j rP’r= dP,v5xtdvo8kj ’M7q[-5fD 29

@D coto=k;ymuxAo ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { dkol’a gdfG T 7;6 k’c[[xoA 8k,d,j5 0v’oda IPoD T .soh da IPogvkq fyom9uj txoA ,kIv’.l;j fa 4m5 duj P,,kD T coto=koadIPola’gdfxP[mP[I6[-q’F ]adltotF lafl;oj F xP[mP[];’d;hk’ ];’l6’ 0v’c[[xoA D { ;my xu oA G dkoxAo8hv’wx8k,0Ao8vog-ajoG T xkffyo s^n 8ufyo.shgxaoI6[-q’ $ ]Pj ,D T xkffoy .sgh xoa I[6 -'q ,oq d,q 7\\n h= c];h 9’jb g9ktI16 dj6 k’I[6 ,oq d,q mxju kfw;h xoA s\\6 8h= fy .l8j k, c[[8q;9y’m;uj k’w;hD T d;fdk c]t 8qdc8’j .shl;p’k,dvj odkol’qj zqo’ko.sh76D I6[8q;1kj 'D 30

#D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { c[’j oda IPoo’ja gxoa d,j5 8k,c[[xoA m7ju d6 tdP,,kD { oda IPoxt8[y fa dkoxoA 8k,0oA 8vom7ju v6 tm[y kpD { 768yf8k,.sh7ecotoec8]j td,5j c8]j t[5d7qoD { rkps^a’oadIPoleg]af76cotoe.shoadIPogvqkzqo’ko,k;k’w;hgxaod5,j 8k,lt4komuj m7uj 6dP,w;h grvnj xtg,uoD $D lts^5[ { .soh da IPo7fa g]nvdzoq ’komfuj ugfoja c]t 7kh p7nc[[xoA |’jb zoq ’koD { .shg9Qk0v’I6[xAovvd,kvtmy[kpzqo’ko0v’8qo dPj ;da[;ymuxAo.sh\\76j 6j c]t 762a’D { 76 c]t oadIPoxtdv[7e7yfgsao c]t phv’p=-q,g-upD { 7l6 ts^[5 l’a ];,dkoxoA .o-;jq 3,’oUD { 76gda[Iadlkzqo’kow;h grnvj d;fdk c]t ;k’ltcf’.o0Ao8+wxD { mhkp-;qj 3,’IPo76cotoeoadIPogda[,hPo;afltf5v5xtdvo c]t vtokw,.shIP[IhvpD ∗ 4kh 3I’IPo.f,Iu ,jq sn^ lt4kom1ju oj6 vdsvh ’7;o.soh da IPoxoA .soh da IPoxoA 1oj6 vdsvh ’ dw= fh grvjn sdu^ g;oA dkogxty gxvN osvh ’IPoD V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo !D dkola’gdf { 7;k,gvkq .9.ldj koxt8y[fa ;Pd.od,j5 D { xt8y[fa 8k,0oA 8voD { zoq leg]fa .o;Pd’koD { dkovtm[y kpzoq ’ko0v’oda IPoD @D dkod;fdk { lfa l;j oI[6 -’q 7kh p7nc[[D { 7;k,ltvkfxkoufD { co;7fy lkh ’loa D 31

[qfmu * lhk'laozqo'koly]txt < dkolhk'rk[\\6o < ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ g;]k ! -qj;3,’ I. 95fxtlq’ .soh da IPolk,kfG { .-h;afltf5 grnvj lhk'laogxaork[\\6o mujg7nvj ows;wfhD { vvdc[[rk[\\6o fh;p;afltf5musj kwfh.omhv'4yoj D { 8dq c8'j ]t[kplurk[\\o6 .slh ;p'k,D II. goNv.o dkolhk'rk[\\6o fh;p;afltf5musj kwfh.omhv'4yoj D III. lnjdkoIPo{dkolvo { 8;q 1kj 'rk[\\o6 Xs^kpI[6 c[[?D { ;afltf58kj 'MG g9hpc0'F g9hpluF w,hwzFj da[gxqjkF m+f6fF lu8kj 'MF dk;F ,uf8afF ,uf c]t vojn MD IV. dyf9td=kdkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok { 76lqomtokda[oadIPo dPj ;da[dkogIafrk[\\6o c]t gIafg7njv'sY^o mujlk,kfg7njvows; c]t xyjovhv,8q;,aogv'wfhD 76cotoe.shIh6;kj dkolhk'rk[\\6o c,oj dkovvdc[[gIaf g7njv'sY^oF g7njv'gvhmuj,u7;k,l;p'k,F ,u7;k,,;j o-noj .odkogIaf c]t dkosY^o [rk[ \\6omujlhk'lao g-jaoG dkogIaf\\kdxyjo8hko]q,F dkogIafrk[\\6ofh;pczoj xklt8yd sn^ /kvafcdh;oEs;ko c]t vnoj MD { 7g6 vkq rk[\\o6 8;q 1kj '.soh da IPog['yj F .soh da IPowf9h [a [kpF wflh 'a gdf;my du kogIfa grvjn .sh m5d7qog0Qk.9F lk,kfgIafwfh c]t vvdc[[8k,7;k,8hv'dko0v'g0qkg9QkD 32

I6[8q;1kj 'G \\kdxyjo]q,D { 76gda[rk[\\6o8q;1kj 'w;h c]t [vd.shoadIPoIh6;kj .o-qj;3,'oU 9twfhIPolhk'rk[\\6o ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ cotoe .soh da IPodP,vx5 tdvo c]t ;fa ltf85 kj 'M m7uj .6 sdh P,,kooA 0oB ;k'gm'y |kh 38t grvnj gIfa rk[\\o6 D @D cotoe;ymudkolhk'rk[\\6o 76cotoe c]t lkmyfdkolhk'rk[\\6oG { vvdc[[lhk'rk[\\6o 9kd;afltf5musj kwfh.omhv'4yoj D { gIfa rk[\\o6 f;h pg9ph c0' s^n g9ph lu 8vh 'vvdc[[f;h pdkoc8,h .lgj 9ph djvoF 9kdooA d8= fa gxoa l;j o 8k,dkovvdc[[w;h c];h 9'jb xtdv[lkh 'gxoa rk[\\o6 8k,m8uj vh 'dkoD { lhk'rk[\\6ofh;pczoj xklt8yd 8hv'vvdc[[fh;pdkoc8h,.lcj zoj xklt8yd 9kdoAo d=.-h,uf8af.shgxaoI6[-q'muj8hv'dkoF .-hxkp,uf sn^ 8tx6g9kt @ I6]ts;kj 'dk'F .-hglAo fhkplvfzkj o @ I6 0v'rk[\\6oF gvqk @ lQofhkp,af8yfdao c]h;d=gxaork[\\6o mujlk,kf oe,ksY^owfh1kj ',;j o-onj F ;my dy kogIfa rk[\\o6 0Ao8vomu ! 0Ao8vomu @ 33

;my sy ^oY \\kdf'b ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { lhk'rk[\\6ofh;p/kcdh;oEs;ko c,jooegvqk/kvafcdh;oEs;ko ,km5[.shcxF g9ktI6mk'dk' @ I6F @ lQofhkp,af8yfdao c]h;d=gxaork[\\6o mulj k,kfoe,ksY^owfh1kj ' ,;j o-onj 7ndoa d[a dkooe.-ch zoj xklt8ydlkh 'rk[\\o6 D { rk[\\6o[k'1kj '9t8hv'wfh.-h[A'w,hwzj grvnj gxaocdo .shrk[\\6olk,kfg7nvj ows;wfhD { dkolkh 'rk[\\o6 [k'1kj ' vkf9t]t[kplu s^n 8fy I[6 rk[8kj 'M.lj 3fpltgrktdkolkh ' rk[\\6ofh;pg9hpc0' sn^ g9hplu grnvj .shrk[\\6o,u7;k,l;p'k, c]t ,u95fgfajo 8k, c8]j tc[[0v'rk[\\o6 D #D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y' { 9afoadIPooaj'gxaod5j,F oegvqkv5xtdvo c]t ;afltf5,k3I,daoF lqomtokdaoF grnvj vvd c[[lhk'rk[\\6o.od5,j 8qoF g,vnj vvdc[[wfhc]h; d=c['j ;PddaogIaf8k,mujvvdc[[w;hD m5d7qo.odj5,8hv',ulj;oIj;,.odkogIaf;Pd dj5,]t !{@ vaoD 768yf8k,g[jy'dkogIaf ;Pd0v'c8]j td5,j cotoe-;j pgsn^vd5,j .fpa'[+maog0Qk.9fuD { g,vjn gsoa ;kj oda IPogIfa leg]fa c];h d.= s8h k'|kh d,5j vvd,kltcf'zoq 'ko186j |+ kh \\g6j rvjn o vtmy[kp0Ao8vodkolhk'rk[\\6oF 76 c]t oadIPo,u7e7yfgsao c]t phv'p= dkogIaf ;Pd0v'c8]j td5,j F cotoegruj,8nj, d5,j mujgIafpa'[+wfhfuD 34

$D lts5^[ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { 76.shoadIPo @{# 7qo lts5^[7no0Ao8vodkolhk'rk[\\6oD 76cotoe8n,j ;kj dkolhk'rk[ \\6o c,jog/yd.shoadIPo IPoIh6;ymudkovvdc[[gIafljy'.f|bj'fh;psq;7yfxtfyflhk' 0v'8qogv' c]t 9tgxaorNo4kodkovvdc[[xtfyflhk';af45.f|bj' grnjvoe,kgxao g7njv'sY^o sn^ g7njv'.-h.shcdoj adIPoD g,nvj ,ug;]ks;kj '.shoadIPovvdgxao c]t xtfyf lkh 'rk[\\o6 8n,j vud c];h oe,kl'qj .s7h 6 grvnj d;fdkgxoa zoq 'ko[d5 7oq D { cotoe.soh da IPogd[a ,Ph oglf;fa ltf5 c]t vx5 tdvo8kj 'M rvh ,m'a vtokw,.sh IP[Ivh pD V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo !D dkola’gdf { dkogIfa ;Pd0v'oda IPoD { 7;k,8'A .9.odkogIfa ;PdD { 7;k,lk,da 7du kogIfa ;Pd.od,5j D { zoq leg]fa 0v';Pd'koD @D dkod;fdk { dkovvdc[[l;p'k,D { 7;k,]tvPf0v'zoq 'koD { co;7fy lkh ’loa D 35

[qfmu ( lhk'laozqo'koly]txt < dkolhk'rk[c0;o < ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ g;]k ! -qj;3,’ I. 95fxtlq’ .soh da IPolk,kfG { vvdc[[lhk'rk[c0;o fh;p;afltf5musj kwfh.omhv'4yjoD { g]nvd;afltf5mugj \\ktlq,da[rk[c0;o muvj vdc[[wfhD { vtmy[kp;ymulhk'rk[c0;o .shzh6vnoj 2a'wfhD II. goNv.o { dkolkh 'rk[c0;oD { dko8dq c8'j xtf[a xtfkD III. lnjdkoIPo{dkolvo { 8q;1kj 'rk[c0;o Xs^kpI6[c[[?D { g9hp sn^ ;afltf5 muj9toe,kzt]yfrk[c0;o g-ajoG g9hpc0'F g9hpluF gxnvdsvpF m+f6fDDD { ,uf8afF ,ufF fhkp sn^ g-nvd sn^ lkp];fF 1k'dk;F g0a, c]t lu8kj 'MD IV. dyf9td=kdkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok { 7l6 oq mtokd[a oda IPo dPj ;d[a dkogIfa rk[c0;o muIj Po.o0oA xD$F f;h pdko8'A 7e4k, ;jkG oadIPog7upwfhlhk'rk[c0;oc[[.fcfjL .-h;afltf5-toyf.f le]a[lhk'rk[ c0;oL .-vh x5 tdvo-toyf.fcfj grvnj lkh 'rk[c0;oL rk[c0;ovoa .fmuoj da IPogIfa wffh u c]t ,admujl5fL { .shoadIPo8v[ c]t g]qkj dkolhk'rk[c0;omuzj kj o,k l6\\j 6gj rvnj o2a' D { 7g6 vkq rk[c0;o.soh da IPowflh 'a gdf c]t 9[a [kpc8]j tc[[ grvjn .soh da IPo g0kQ .9 c]t lk,kfvvdc[[dkolkh 'rk[c0;oc[[.\\Mj D 36

8q;1kj 'G rk[c0;omulj hk'fh;pg9hpc0'D ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ I6[ ! I6[ @ 76gda[8q;1jk'rk[c0;ow;h cotoe.shoadIPodP,;afltf5 c]t v5xtdvomju9t.-h .o -q;j 3,'oU dkolhk'rk[c0;oD @D cotoe;ymudkolhk'rk[c0;o 76cotoe;ymulhk'rk[c0;o c]t dkog]nvd;afltf5G { vvdc[[ly'j mu9j txtfyflkh 'f;h p9yo8tokdko0v'8oq gv'D { g]nvd;afltf5.shg\\ktlq, da[c[[muvj vdw;hD { 4hkgIaffh;pg9hp d=vvdc[[.lgj 9hp c]h;8af8k,Ivpmuvj vdc[[w;hD { 4hkgIaffh;pm+f6f d=oegvqkm+f6f,k8afF ,k0vf.shwfhI6[-q' muj8hv'dkoD { 4hkgIaffh;pgxnvdsvp d=oegvqkgxnvdsvp,k8afF ,k-uI6 8k,c[[mu8j hv'dkoD { 4hkgIaffh;pcdoj rnf s^n ;afltf5vnoj M d=oe,k8qdc8'j 8k,c[[mujvvdc[[w;hD { 8qdc8'j ]t[kplu.l;j afltf5c8]j tl;j o mujvvdc[[w;h.shl;p'k,D { oegvqklyj'muj8af c]t 8qdc8j'lulaoc]h;oAo ,kxtdv[g0Qkdao c]h;.-hg0a,Ihvp sn^ z6d,af c8]j tl;j og0kQ doa 3fp.-fh kh pF gloA ];f s^n g-vn d,fa 8fy 8+g-vjn ,3p'.ldj oa .swh frh k[c0;o mujl;p'k, 8k,c[[mujvvdc[[w;hD { cotoe.shc8]j td5j, lhk'.shwfh @{# vaoD 37

#D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y' ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { 9afoadIPooa'j gxaod5,j lqomtokvvdc[[dkolhk'rk[c0;o 8k,7;k,8hv'dko0v' g0kq g9kQ D { g,vnj vvdc[[wfhc]h; d=c['j ;PddaogIaf grvnj .shm5d7qo,ul;j oI;j ,F { 768yf8k,g[y'j dkogIaf;Pd.oc8]j td5,j F cotoe-;j pgsn^vd5,j mu,j u[aosk .odkogIaf;PdD { g,nvj oadIPoc8]j tdj5,lhk'leg]afc]h; .sh8k'|hkc8j]tdj5,vvd,kltg|uzqo'ko0v' d5,j 8qo [vd-znj qo'komuzj t]yf c]t vtmy[kp0Ao8vodkolhk'D { 76 c]t oadIPo.sh7e7yfgsao c]t phv'p=dkooeltg|uzqo'ko0v'c8]j td5,j D { cotoe.sch 8]j td,5j oegvkq zoq 'kol'qj .s7h 6 grvjn d;fzoq 'koD 776 fa g]vn dgvkq zoq 'komfuj gu foaj c]t l;p'k, ltg|u.shm5d7qogvqkgxaoc[[1kj 'D $D lts5^[ { 76 c]t oadIPo I;j ,daolts5^[ ;ymudkolhk'rk[c0;o c]t cotoe.shoadIPorkdao vvdc[[dkolhk'rk[c0;o fh;p;afltf58jk'M c]t lhk's^kpI6[c[[mjul;p'k, 8k,9yo8tokdko0v'oadIPo.og;]ks;kj ' grvnj gxaozqo'ko[5d7qo c]h;oe,klq'j .sh76 d;fD cotoe.shoadIPogda[,hPov5xtdvo c]t ;afltf58jk'M rhv,ma'vtokw,.sh IP[Ivh pD V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo !D dkola’gdf { dkogIfa ;Pd0v'oda IPoD { 7;k,8'A .9.odkogIfa ;PdD { dkoc['j ;Pd'kodoa .od,5j D { zoq leg]fa 0v';Pd'koD @D dkod;fdk { dkovvdc[[l;p'k,D { dko8dq c8'j xtf[a xtfkD { co;7fy lkh ’loa D 38

[qfmu ) c8h,xtfa[xtfk <c8h,xtfa[xtfk7=k0;ao < ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ g;]k ! -qj;3,’ ID 95fxtlq’ .soh da IPolk,kfG { c8h,8q;|a’ln c]t xtlq,xtlkoda[dko.-hfvdf;’g0Qk.odkoxtfa[xtfkwfhD { 9af;k’ c]t 0Bo37’Ikj ’.l|j hkg9hpwfh1kj ’g\\ktlq,D { ]t[kpluwfh1kj ’l;p’k,D IID goNv.o { c8h,xtfa[xtfk7=k0;aoD { ]t[kplDu IIID lnjdkoIPo{dkolvo { I[6 c[[1kj ’0v’7D6 { g9hpc8h,F l=feF 1k’]b[F luF [aomafD IVD dyf9td=kdkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok { 76 c]t oadIPolqomtokg]nvj '7e0;ao s^n 7e7t8yrqfD { .shoadIPolt\\ad !{@ 7qo[vd7e0;aom8uj qoI6h9adD { 706 Po7e0;oa mouj da IPoltg|u.ldj tfkow;Dh { 7l6 tg|u7e0;oa 8kj ’Mloj6 da IPo2’a rvh ,[oa mdb .ldj tfkogxoa 0=Mh w;Dh @D coto=k;ymuc8h, { 7g6 ]nvd7=k0;oa s^n 7e7t8yrfq m,ju ugoNv.oloA s^kpgoNv.o.sch 8]j td,j5 oda IPog]nvdgvkq D { ;ymuc8,h G T g]vn dgovN .o7e0;oa F 4kh gxoa govN .opk; c]t 8vh 'dkogIfa gxoa @ c4;F # c4; DDD 8vh '8fa c['j goNv.ofa'j dkj ;D c8]j tc4;8hv’.shleo;o4nd8hv’ T deoqfglAo c]t 9af;k’.l|j hkg9hp.shg\\ktlq, mk’fhkogoNv.o c]t 9af;k’fvdf;’ 8kj ’MD 39

T 0Bo37’Ikj ’8q;|a’ln c]t fvdf;’ Xdkoc8h,8q;|a’lnvkf9t.-hw,h[aomaf0ufglAo37’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ Ikj ’d=wfh? T ]t[kplu8q;|a’ln goNv.o7e0;ao7;o.-hlufP; l;j ofvdf;’d=[+.shgduo # luD I6[7e0;ao8q;1kj 'D #D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’ { c[’j oda IPoo’ja gxoa d,j5 F .sch 8]j td,j5 g]nvdgvkq goNv.o7e0;oa .f|’jb m7uj 06 Po.ldj tfkow;Dh { 76]q’8yf8k,c]t .sh7egsaogxaod,5j F gxao[5d7qo g;]koadIPode]a’xt8y[af8q;9y’D { rkps^a’oadIPoleg]af76cotoe.shoadIPogvqkzqo’ko0v’8qowx8yf.ljdtfkogxaod5j, 0v’.z]k; grvnj xtg,uoD $D lts^5[ { .soh da IPo7fa g]vn d[fq mfju gu foja .od,j5 0v’8oq D { .sh8k’|hkd5j,vvdvtmy[kp.sh7egsao;ymudkoc8h,[qf0v’d5j,8qo rhv,fP;dao76vkf .-h7e4k,g9kt9U,oadIPo g-oja G T dko0oB 37’Ikj ’8;q |’a lgn xoa co;.fL T I6[Ikj ’fvdf;’gxaoco;.fL T 7;k,lq,f6o]ts;kj ’goNv.o7e0;ao c]t fvdf;’gxaoco;.fL T dko]t[kplugxoa co;.fL { 76 c]t \\6gj rnvj oxtdv[7e7yfgsao c]t phv’p=-q,g-upD { 76lts^5[dkoc8h,xtfa[xtfk7e0;ao7no c]t cotoe.shoadIPogIaffh;p8qogv’g;]k da[[hko g-y’j g]nvdgvqkgoNv.o7e0;ao s^n 7e7t8yrqf.f|’bj m,uj ugoNv.olAoD { 76gda[I6[c8h,w;hgrnvj d;fdk c]t ;k’ltcf’.o0Ao8+wxD 40

V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ !D dkola’gdf { 7;k,8A’.9 c]t gvqk.9.l.j odkoxt8y[af;Pd'kod5,j D { xt8y[af8k,7ecotoe0v’76D { zoq leg]fa 0v’dkoc8,h D { dkog]nvd[qf c]t vtmy[kp[qfD @D dkod;fdk { 9fa rk[0oB 37’Ikj ’g\\ktl,q d[a |kh g9ph D { 7;k,lq,f6o]ts;kj ’goNv.o c]t fvdf;’D { ]t[kplul;p’k,D { ,uco;7yflkh ’loa D 41

[qfmu _ c8h,8k,c[[ < c8h,I6[-q’dq, c]t |j;pdq, < ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ g;]k ! -qj;3,’ I. 95fxtlq’ .soh da IPolk,kfG { la’gdf c]t 9ecodwfh7;k,c8d8kj ’]ts;kj ’lv’;af45D { c8h,wfh8k,0Ao8voF 4nds^addko c]t ;ymuD { 9=kcodcl’{g’qk c]t ]t[kpcl’lug’qk.sh7hkp7nc[[wfhD II. goNv.o { c8h,I6[-q'dq, c]t I6[|;pj dq,D { .llj ucl’{g’qk 0k;fe Xfh;pl=f=k?D III. lnjdkoiPodkolvo { I6[c[[1kj ’0v’76 X0Ao8vo0v’dkoc8h, ?F c[[c8h, #{$ -5fD { g9hpc8h,F l=feF 1kj ’]b[F l=fe B s^n $B X4hk,u?D IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok { 76lqomtokda[oadIPo g-’yj .-h7e4k,8kj ’M g-oaj G T I6[-q’dq,gxaoI6[co;.fL 9qj’pqd8q;1kj ’ @{# vao T I6[|;j pdq,gxaoi6[co;.fL 9q’j pqd8q;1kj ’ @{# vao { .shoadIPo @{# 7qo 8v[ { 76gvqk;af458q;9y’.shoadIPowfhlezaf c]h;9’bj 4k,oadIPo8,nj T I6[-q’dq, c]t I6[|;j pdq,,u7;k,c8d8kj ’daoco;.fL { .shoadIPo @{# 7qo8v[D { 7l6 ts[5^ 7on rvh ,pdq 8;q 1kj ’c8]j tvoa .soh da IPowfgh 0kQ .9 7;k,c8d8kj ’]ts;j k’ @ ;fa 4D5 @D cotoe;ymuc8h, y la’gdf c]t 9ecod T la’gdf c]t 9ecod [aofks,kdw,h c]t ;af45 .oI6[;kj ,ao,uI6[Ikj ’co;.fcfLj 42

Õvkf9tla[-hvo @ ;af45grnjvgxaoc[[c8h, ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ T 9vd c]t wsohvpD T g8Qkfvdw,h c]t \\kdw,hD T .shdkola’gdfmk’fhkomuj8A’F laflj;oF I6[Ijk’]adltotF ]tfa[7;k,g0A,9k’0v’ c[[c8,h D Õ 7;ogvqk.9.lj { 7afg]nvdc[[c8h,mu,j uI6[Ikj ’c8d8kj ’dao g-aoj G l6’ 8OF .spj ohvpF lug0A,F lu9k’D { la[-hvo9afc[[c8h,fh;p;ymumguj \\ktlq, grvnj gIaf.shdko9afrk[l;p’k,,u7;k,lq,f6o y ;ymuc8h, { 0Bo37’Ikj ’];,f;h pgloA gxoa I[6 l]ju Pj ,.l|j kh g9ph .sgh \\ktl,q D { 0Bo37’Ikj ’c8]j t;af458k,c[[c8h, c]t -vdlafl;j o0v’c8]j t;af45D { c8h,glAoIv[;Po XglAo8q;9y’0v’I6[ c]t l;j o]tvPf0v’I6[?D { leg]fa [fq f;h pdko.lcj l’{g’kq D I[6 0oA 8voc8,h !D 0Ao8vo9afrk[.l|j hkg9hp @D 0Ao8vodko0Bo37'Ikj ' #D 0Ao8vodko]t[kp 43 lu{cl'{g'qk

#D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { 76;k’c[[.lgj my’38t mujoadIPoma’\\qflk,kfla’gdfgsaowfh c]h;76vtmy[kp0Ao8vo dkoc8h, 3fp.-hI6[c[[1kj ’c8]j t0Ao rhv,lkmyf.ldj tfkoxtlq,xtlkoda[dkovtmy [kpc[[m8uj ’A w;Dh { 7c6 [’j oda IPovvdgxoa d,j5 8k,7;k,g\\ktl,q D { 76;k’c[[c8h,s^kpM[jvo8k,d5j,muj9af;k’w;h 7;o9afc[[.o[jvomuj,ucl’ltsj;k’ lv’j g0kQ rP’r= grvjn I[a xtdoa .sch ddj kol’a gdf0v’oda IPoD { 768yf8k,.sh7ecotoeoadIPoc8]j td5,j c8]j t[5d7qomuxj t8y[af0Ao8vo[+ maowfhfuD 767;o 8yf8k,.s7h ecotoedkoc8,h 9oq oda IPoc8,h wflh eg]fa 8k,0oA 8voD { mkh p-;jq 3,’7c6 oto=koda IPogvkq [fq 8yf.ldj tfko grvnj xtg,uoD $D lts^5[ { 7c6 otoe.soh da IPo7fa g]nvd[fq c8,h mfuj ugfoja D { .shoadIPolt\\adxtdv[7egsao.l[j qfc8h,mufj ugfoaj c]t [qfm7uj ;ogvqk.9.lxj a[x5'D { 7l6 ts^5[7nofkh ofu c]t gvkq .9.l.j odkoc8,h -;jq 3,’oUD m;o7nos^da dko c]t ;ymuc8,h .sh oda IPodewfDh { 76gda[[qfc8h,w;hgrnvj d;fdk c]t ;k’ltcf’.o3vdkf8+wxD V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo !D dkola’gdf { dkogvkq .9.lxj t8y[fa ;Pd.od,j5 D { zoq leg]fa 0v’dkoc8,h D { xt8y[afwfh8k,7ecotoe0v’76D { dkovtm[y kp[fq 0v’oda IPoD @D dkod;fdk { 9fa rk[g\\ktl,q d[a |kh g9ph D { 37’Ikj ’{lfa l;j ofuD { cl’{g’kq .d7h P’8;q 9y’D 44

[qfmu !W c8h,8k,sq;[qf < c8h,I6[rk[7;k,,5j’s;a’ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ 0v’oadIPo.ovtok7qf < g;]k ! -qj;3,’ I. 95fxtlq’ .soh da IPolk,kfG { ltcf’7;k,7yfgsoa 0v’8oq vvd.o[fq c8,h D { 8A’-n[j qf c]t vtmy[kp[qfc8h,0v’8qowfhD II. goNv.o { c8h,I6[rk[7;k,,5’j s;a’0v’oadIPo .ovtok7qfD { ]t[kplDu III. lnjdkoIPo{dkolvo { I6[c8h,0v’oadIPo xD& xuzkj o,k Xs^kp[qf?D { g9hpc8h,F l=feF 1k’]b[D lu c]t v5xtdvo]t[kplu8kj 'MD IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo !D lqomtok 76lqomtokda[oadIPo c]t 8A’7e4k,D { .ovtok7fq r;dovh ’1kdgxoa sp’a L { 4hkwfhgxao76F \\=F mtskoF 8es^;f DDD r;dohv’9tgIafspa’cfgj rnvj -kfL { .soh da IPolt\\da 8v[7e4k, { 76lts^5[7no c]t .sh7ecotoegru,j g8u, @D coto=k;ymuc8h, { -vd c]t g]nvdgvqkgoNv.o0v'sq;[qf.f|'bj D 7;k,,’5j s;a’c,oj 7;k,8hv’dkom9uj q[’k,0v’,to5fD vkf9t-vd c]t 7afg]nvdgoNv .oc8d8kj ’daomk’fhkosq;[fq 0v’r;dovh ’7nG T gxao;ylt;tdvoF mkj o\\=F oadc8h,F mtskoF 8=ks^;fDDD T 3]d[+,ulq’7k,F ltrk[c;f]hv,fu xklt9kd,qo]tryf 45

{ ;ymuc8,h G T ;ymuc8,h d=7nd[a [fq mwuj fch otoezkj o,ks^kp[fq D * lyj’7;ogvqk.9.lj { 7afg]nvd c]t la[-hvoI6[rk[ gIafco;.f.shltcf’vvd9tc9h’mk’fhkogoNv.o c]t sq;[qfD T c8h,I6[rk[8Qo8=F leIv’ c]t dkoltcf'vvdmk'vk]q,0v'oadIPoD T ]t[kplu8k,7;k,,da D dvj odkoc8h,.shoadIPowfh-q,I6[rk[s^kpM c[[c8d8kj ’daoD I[6 8;q 1kj 'D ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ I6[mu ! G ok'rtpk[ko I6[mu @ G mtskoxqdxhv'xtgmf-kf #D oadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’ { c[’j oda IPovvdgxoa d,j5 D { 7c6 otoe.soh da IPo7oQ 7yfs;q [fq m8uj vh ’dkoD { 768yf8k,.sh7ecotoeg;]koadIPoxt8y[af8q;9y’gxaod,j5 c]t [5d7qoD { s^a’9kdoadIPoc8h, c]t ]t[kpluleg]afD 76cotoeoadIPo8A’-nIj 6[0v’8qogv’ c]t oe[qfwx8yf.ldj tfko grnvj xtg,uoD 46

$D lts^5[ ສະຫງສ.ວວນ.ລິສຂະສິດ { .soh da IPom,ju zu oq ’kofFu Xg-'yj zoq 'koooA ,gu ovN .o c]t I[6 c[[l]y txtf?u vvd,kvtm[y kp govN .o[fq 0v’8oq D T oadIPovtmy[kpI6[c8h, @{# 7qoD { 76lts^5[7nodkoc8h, c]t .sh7egsaocotoemyfmk’ 8+7;k,,5j’s;a’0v’oadIPo .ovtok7qfD { gda[dew;hgrnvj d;fdk c]t ;k’ltcf’ .o3vdkf8+wxD 4hkoadIPo7qo.f[+maoleg]af 76vto5pkf.shgvqkwxgxao;Pd[hko c]t l’qj .sh76.o-;qj 3,’8+wxD V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo !D dkola’gdf { dkogvkq .9.l;j Pd.od,j5 D { zoq leg]fa 0v’dkoc8,h D { xt8y[af8k,7ecotoe0v’76D @D dkod;fdk { govN .ofDu { I[6 rk[4dn 8vh ’d[a s;q [fq D { ]t[kplul;p’k,D { co;7fy lkh ’loa D 47