English IV

IV

GRADE IV USING COURTEOUS EXPRESSIONS IN MAKING AND RECEIVING TELEPHONE CALLSGETTING READY Do you have friends or relatives living far from you? Do you communicate with them? How do you do it? There are different ways of communicating with people. We can write letters to them. We can talk to them through telephones. Nowadays, we have cellphones by which we can relay information or messages. In this module, you are going to learn how to make telephone calls in a polite manner. There are courteous expressions to be used in making or receiving telephone calls. This module will help you learn:  use courteous expressions in making and receiving telephone calls; and,  use courteous expressions in receiving telephone calls for another person. LET’S REVIEW Do you write letters to your friends or relatives who live far from you? Do you also get letters from them? Can you tell how many days does it take to reach your letter to the receiver who lives from Sultan Kudarat if you happen to mail it in Manila, or from Baguio City to Sydney, Australia? Writing a letter is the traditional way of sending or receiving information from friends, relatives and other people. However, sending letter by mail is usually slow. It takes days or even weeks for some letters to reach addressee from far places.

Nowadays, there are many ways of sending messages fast. Look at the picturesbelow. What are the ways of sending messages or information as shown in the pictures? Which of them is used in your place? Write a sentence about what you see in each picture. 1. _______________________________________________________________ . 2. _______________________________________________________________ . 3. _______________________________________________________________ . 4. ________________________________________________ _______________ . 5. _______________________________ ________________________________ .

LET’S STUDY A Telephone is one of gadgets that make communication faster and easierbetween you and among other people. With the use of telephone, you can talk to someonefar away from right at your home. Conversely, there are some expressions you mustconsider every time you use the telephone. Study the following telephone conversation between two friends. The telephone rings and Nena answers the phone.Nena : Hello, this is Mr. Tan’s residence. This is Nena. Good morning!Minda : Hello, Nena. This is Minda. How are you? I thought you were still inNena bed.MindaNena : I’m fine, thank you. Mother said I can go back to school tomorrow. : I’m glad to hear that. : What’s new in school?

Minda : There will be a storytelling contest at the library at nine o’clock tomorrow morning. All our classmates will be there. They will be happy to see you.Nena : Thank you, Minda. I always enjoy storytelling contests.Minda : I’ll see you tomorrow. Goodbye Nena.Nena : Goodbye. Thank you for calling. What you just read is an example of a telephone conversation. Let us see theexpressions used during the conversation. Try to answer the following questions orally by underlining your answers fromthe dialogue.1. What did Nena say when she answered the telephone?2. What did Minda say when Nena answered?3. What was Nena’s parting words to Minda?4. What was Minda’s reply?Remember that when you use the telephone, you have to:  have a “Hello” greetings;  plan what to say;  call at the right time;  make the messages brief, clear and accurate;  say goodbye as soon as the message is given; and,  be courteous and polite at all times. Sometimes you receive telephone calls for someone else. In this case, you shouldapply the courteous expressions in receiving a call for another person. What do you say tothe caller if the person he/she would want to talk with is not around? Read the telephonedialogue. Roy : (Answering the telephone.) Hello, Good day! Mr. Castro: Hello, Roy, this is Mr. Castro. May I speak to your brother, Allan, please? Roy : Just a moment please, Mr. Castro, I’ll look for him. Mr. Castro: Thank you. Roy : Hello, Mr. Castro. I’m sorry, my brother is out. Mother asked him to go to the nearby convenience store. May I take your message for him?

Mr. Castro: Yes, Roy. Please tell your brother that the meeting of the Boy Scouts tomorrow is cancelled. Thank you. Roy : You’re welcome. I’ll give your message to my brother. Mr. Castro: Goodbye, Roy. This time, answer the following questions by underlining your answers in thedialogue. 1. What did Roy say when he answered the telephone? 2. Whom did Mr. Castro want to talk to? What did he say? 3. What was the message of Mr. Castro to Roy’s brother? 4. Why did Roy offer to take the message for his brother? What did he say? 5. What expression did Mr. Castro use when he gave the message?Look at the expressions you underlined in the dialogue. Read them aloud. When you answer or receive a phone call intended for somebody else, remember to:  take down the message;  write down the caller’s name and his message;  give the message to the person called; and,  be polite and use the appropriate expressions. Study the following expressions. Which of them are courteous expressions? Copythem on your notebook with the heading Courteous Expressions in a TelephoneConversation. 1. Good morning 2. May I talk with ______? 3. Tell him I called up. 4. I want to talk with you. 5. Can I leave the message for her?

LET’S PRACTICEA. Read conversations 1 and 2. Which of them shows the proper way of making a telephone call? Why do you say so?Conversation 1A : (Answering the phone). Hello?B : Hello! Is this Reyes’ residence?A : Yes, who is calling?B : I would like to know if this is the Reyes residence.A : Yes, who are you?B : Can I talk to Alice Reyes?A : Alice is not here. Who is calling?B : Never mind. I’ll call back later.Conversation 2A : Hello, this is Reyes residence.B : Hello, may I talk with Alice, please. This is her friend Helen.A : Please hold the line, Helen. This is Annie. I’ll call Alice.B : Hello, Helen. I’m sorry Alice just left with Mother. Do you want to leave a message for her?B : Please tell Alice that we are going to attend the Science Club meeting tomorrow. I’ll be in school at 9:00 in the morning.A : I’ll tell her that.B : Thank you, Annie. Goodbye.A : Goodbye.B. Fill in the blanks with the correct words in the box to complete the sentences about some courteous expressions in receiving and making calls. Write the answer on your notebook.voice morning thisconversation please linemessage speaking talkspeak sorry hold on1. Hello, good __________.2. This is Nena __________.

3. May I __________ with Lita? 4. __________ is Lita speaking. 5. Please hold your __________. 6. One moment, __________. I’ll call her. 7. I’m __________. She isn’t home. 8. Would you like to leave a __________? 9. Speak in a natural and pleasant tone of __________. 10. Your voice and manners are important in a telephone __________. LET’S SUMMARIZEIn making telephone calls there are some expressions needed to be used.  Observe courteous expressions.  Introduce yourself right away.  If the person you want to talk with is not around, you may leave the message. Be courteous and thank the person who receives your message.If you are to receive a call:  Always be courteous when talking on the telephone.  Answer the phone as soon as it rings.  If you have to call the person whom is wanted to talk with on the phone, say, “Please hold your line, or, one moment please, I’ll call him/her.  If the person wanted on the phone is out, suggest to caller to leave the message for him/her by saying. “Would you like to leave your message for him/her? LET’S CHECK Write a telephone conversation on the following situations. 1. You forgot your assignment notebook in school. Call a classmate and ask him/her about the class assignment in Science. 2. You answer a call for your father who is not at home.



IIDDEENNTTIIFFYYIINNGG MMEEWWAAINNITTIIGGHHNNRrGGPAaPdRDROOeEEEFFIFIFVVUUIIXXNNEEFFSSAAMMIILLIIAARR WWOORRDDSS GETTING READY Have you encountered words that are unfamiliar to you? How do you find out theirmeanings? This module will teach you the following competencies:  form new words using prefixes; and,  identify meaning of unfamiliar words through the use of prefixes.LET’S REVIEW Words have also a family like humans. A word family is a word list wherein thewords that belong to it have a common root. Take a look at the root word ACT.reaction reacted active activity actively react actress acting action ACT actorAct is a root word. A root word is a word from which other words are formed either byadding a syllable before or after the root word.Study the following words. The underlined word parts are the root word. 1. review 2. replay 3. wooden 4. midnight 5. unload

A. Write the root word for each of these words. Write it in your notebook.1. disappear 6. disallow2. rewrite 7. misbehave3. impossible 8. considerate4. wonderful 9. unfair5. colorless 10. instructionB. Study the next sets of words. Copy in your notebook the word that contains a root word.1. decay detach demolish decompose2. recall reality reception recommend3. information inheritance influence inadequate4. immune immediate impatient imagination5. unlock untold uncomfortable unison6. briefly complete shorten certain7. attractive noisy joyful collect8. sickness agreed worthless attention9. practice unusual believe follower10. eraser united introduce incomplete LET’S STUDYRead the following paragraphs.1. There are new flowering plants in the garden. Some of them bear sweet-smelling flowers such as Rosal and Sampaguita. Others bear odorless but beautiful ones such as Gumamela and Santan. Although these flowers in the garden differ in some features like scent, they all contribute to the beautification of the garden.

2. Plants have local and scientific names. Some scientific names are hard to spell. Their names are often mispelled and mispronounced. An example is Hibiscus. This is the scientific name of gumamela. However, not all people are familiar with the Scientific names of most plants. But if a person is an inventor of medicine such as herbal, he/ she is expected to be abreast with the Scientific names of plants as well.3. Every now and then the gardener repaints the flower pots and fence. He cleans the surroundings so the garden will not look untidy. When neighboring children visits the garden, they stay off the grass and help the gardener maintain the cleanliness and beauty of the place.Read the following words found in the paragraphs you have just read.ABmispronounced odorlessmisspelled beautifulrepaint beautificationuntidy inventor neighboringWhat is the root word of each word in Column A? Answer: pronounce, spell, paint, tidy What are the letters or syllables placed before the root word? Answer: mis-, re-, and un- These are called prefixes. What is the root word of each word in Column B? Answer: odor, beauty What are the letters or syllables placed before the root word? Answer: -less, -ful, -tion, -or, and –ing. These are prefixes, tooB. Prefixes Read the sentences. 1. Noli said, “I didn’t write my paragraph well. There are so many mistakes. I have to rewrite it.” What will Noli do with his paragraph? Do write and rewrite have the same meaning? What does rewrite mean? What syllable was used to mean do again?

2. “Where did I place my keys?” Father asked. He could not find his keys. He misplaced them. Do place and misplaced have the same meaning? When you misplaced something, you put it in the wrong place. What syllable is added to the word placed? The syllable mis- means wrong. A syllable placed before the rootword is called a prefix.LET’S PRACTICEHere are some more syllables that change the meaning of a word when added to it.Study the chart.Prefix Meaning Words with Prefixesinter- between, among interchange, interact internationalpre-mis- before prewar, preschoolim-, in-, dis-um-, ir-, il- wrong misplace, misbehaveunder- not impossible, impolite incorrect, inaccurate dishonest, discontinue unclean, unequal irregular, illegal, illiterate less than average undernourished underestimate

over- too much overfed, overheatsuper- superior overactive superman, superstar supernatural, supermarket This time, study the chart. Think of a word or a group of words to fill in theblanks.Prefix Root Word New Word Meaning of the New Wordre- view review to view or see again read reread to read again count recount to count againim- polite impolite not polite, bad manners pure impure not pure, dirty patient impatient ____________________ perfect ____________ ____________________un clean unclean not clean, dirty common uncommon not common, rare fair unfair ____________________ comfortable uncomfortable ____________________mis interpret misinterpret to interpret incorrectly inform misinform to give incorrect information behave misbehave ____________________ understand misunderstand ____________________

LET’S SUMMARIZE A prefix is a syllable placed before a word. It has meaning on its own. It changes the meaning of a word it is attached with. The prefixes mis-, in-, un-, dis-, in-, ir-, il- are negative prefixes.Add a negative prefix to the underlined word in the sentence.1. The ____forgettable eruption of Mt. Pinatubo brought great destruction to the people.2. Many ____fortunate people lost their properties.3. It is _____possible for them to get back all their lost properties.4. The people could hardly forget the ___pleasant experiences they had.5. The eruption of Mt. Pinatubo made their life ____orderly. LET’S CHECKA. Add prefixes to the words in parentheses to complete the sentences by using re-, un-, or mis-.(count) 1. I forgot how many oranges there were so I had to ______ them.(understood) 2. Some of the pupils ______ the directions so they did the wrong thing.(friendly) 3. It is not good to be ______ to others.

(open) 4. Glory’s Store was temporarily closed. It will ______ in March.(prepared) 5. Mario got a low score in the test because he was ______ for it.B. Fill in the blanks with correct prefixes. Use under-, super-, inter-, over-, under- or pre-, to the underlined words in the sentences.1. Mario eats too much candy and junk food but he is not healthy.He is nourished.2. A giant is a strong man. He has human strength.3. Many countries are members of the United Nations. The United Nations is an national organization.4. My pet dog ate too much. It was fed.5. My brother is only five years old. He is attending school at the Health Center.6. Ronald is only 15 years old. He is age to vote.7. Every Sunday the church is crowded. Many people go to church.8. A wise pupil knows how to change work with play.9. The war price of rice was eight centavos.10. If the prescription calls for a teaspoonful of medicine, a tablespoonful ofmedicine is an dose of it.

GRADE IV IDENTIFYING MEANING OF UNFAMILIAR WORDS WITH SUFFIXES GETTING READY When was the last time you encountered a familiar word; but a syllable is attached afterit? For instance, the word “child” is familiar to you. However, it is a part of a sentence that says,“Mil is 30 years old but she is childish.”How will you know the new meaning of that new word? In this module, you will learn a technique on how to determine the new meaning of newords formed from the combination of a root word and a syllable attached after it. This module will help you identify meaning of words with attached syllable after them.LET’S REVIEW In the previous module, prefixes and their meanings were discussed. Let’s see if you stillremember them. Read the following sentences and write on the blanks the meanings of the underlinedwords.______________ 1. Mil retold the incident that was said to her last week. her idea of______________ 2. People who heard Mil’s story said it was untrue.______________ 3. Others argued it was only a rumor. Carla’s father disappointed going out of town._______________ 4. Carla then became impolite and shouted at his father._______________ 5. Father, shocked about Carla’s misbehavior cried in silence.

LET’S STUDY Good that you still remember meanings of prefixes. This time, read the passage. Most of the orphans at Zuniga’s Home are fatherless aside from the fact that they arehomeless. However, these children are not totally unlucky. They are given a new family inZuniga’s home which help them become courageous and pious children. There are also activitiesinside the Zuniga’s Home that teach children about politeness and friendliness. The same valuesevery child are expected to posses. These values make them see life is beautiful.Look at the underlined words in the passage. Write them on the 1st column.Word Root Word Suffix1. 1. 1.2. 2. 2.3. 3. 3.4. 4. 4.5. 5. 5.6. 6. 6.7. 7. 7. List down their root words on the 2nd column, and the syllables attached to them on the3rd column. Look at the 3rd column. What do you call the syllable attached after a root word?The letter or syllables added at the end of the root word is called a suffix.

Study this chart. Meaning Words with Suffixes Suffix full of careful, wonderful, beautiful -ful-less without colorless, odorless, tasteless-ward in the direction backward, sideward, forward-ness being kindness, helpfulness, happiness-ish somewhat like boyish, childish, foolish-ment result of appointment, movement, -ion development, agreement, construction,destruction, eruption-ous quality poisonous, courageous, industrious-ly friendly, lovely-let little booklet, piglet

LET’S PRACTICEA. Choose the letter of the definition of the words on the left. Write your answers in your notebook.1) sleepless a. harmony in thought or opinion.2) kindly b. full of faith3) forgetful c. funny or amusing4) violinist d. containing poison5) sideward e. without sleep6) jobless f. a person who plays the violin7) agreement g. a person who is kind-hearted8) faithful h. without job9) poisonous i. tending to forget10) humorous j. gives direction k. look tiredB. Add a prefix to the word in each parenthesis to complete the sentence.(pack) 1. I forgot how many oranges there were in each pack. So I had to _______ them.(understood) 2. Some of the boys _______ the directions so they did the wrong thing.(arranged) 3. The room was _______ when the teacher arrived.(friendly) 4. It is not good to be _______ to our neighbors.

(open) 5. The store will _______ in March.(war) 6. The price of sugar during the ________ was 50 centavos a kilo.(legal) 7. Anything against the law is _______.(possible) 8. It was _______ for Mario to be an honor pupil. He got a low(placed) grade in Science.(certain) 9. Mother _______ her key. She could not find them. 10. She was _______ if she could leave for Baguio next week. LET’S SUMMARIZE Suffixes are syllables attached after the root words. They have meanings of their own andthey change the meanings of words in which they are attached. LET’S CHECKAnswer the exercises. Refer to the chart if you are not sure of your answer.A. Add the appropriate suffix to the word in the parenthesis that will fit the meaning of the sentence. Write the new word in your notebook.(govern) 1. The _____ protects the welfare of the people.(cool) 2. People go to Baguio during summer to enjoy the _____ of the mountain air.(help) 3. Allan had to be _____ if he wanted to be the president of the Science club.(friend) 4. The _____ lady at the store always gives a smile to her costumers.(odor) 5. Some flowers are _____.

B. Add a suffix to the underlined word in the sentence to make the sentence correct. Write the new word in your notebook. 1. The construct___ of the street was a project of the local government. 2. The people were thank_____ to the local officials. 3. They planted trees and flowering plants on the roadside. They were help_____ to make their barangay clean and beautiful. 4. The street is color_____ when the flowers are in bloom. 5. The people organized a committee and every member made a commit____ to maintain the cleanliness of their surroundings. 6. Other tourists were cheer___ to see the pleasing environment every time they visit there. 7. Even old businessmen and businesswomen forget about their profession and become child___ whenever they see beautiful flowers and trees full of fruits. 8. This place is probably lucky because I has a good govern___ . 9. However, its people’s cooperate___ is also a big factor in its improvement. 10. Everyone in the place hopes that their community will keep on progress______ .

GGRrAaDdeEIIVV USUINSIGNGADAVDEVREBRSBOSFOPFLPALCAECAENADNTDITMIEME GETTING READY If you were to make your own announcement or invitation, how would you makeimportant details clear? What words do you need to do so? In this module, you will learn about adverbs. The activities included here will help youuse adverbs of place and time in speaking or writing. LET’S REVIEW Encircle the word as described inside the parenthesis for each sentence. 1. ( verb) Rico drives slowly. 2. ( verb) He is being destructed by the scorching heat of the sunlight. 3. (adj.) The brightly shinning sunlight affects some people’s driving. Notice the words before the encircled words. Answer the following questions. 1. How did Rico drive? ___________ 2. How was the heat of sunlight described? ____________ 3. How was the shinning sunlight described? ____________ Your answers are all adverbs of manner. However, there are other kinds of adverb aside from this.

LET’S STUDYAnalyze the children’s conversations.Leo has been He ate at our houseabsent since this noon.last Friday. I I saw him in the playgroundwonder what yesterday morning.happened to Arnoldhim. Has I saw him near the gate duringanyone of you recess.seen Leo? Joey He bought some bread at the bakery, this morning.Eric IreneVicky Study carefully the dialog. Can you identify the action words or verbs? What are the verbs in the dialogue? The following are the verbs found in the dialogue. happened saw bought seen ate met

Continue answering the questions.Where did Leo eat this noon? at Lino’s houseWhere did Arnold see Leo yesterday morning? in the playgroundWhere did Irene see Leo during recess? near the gateWhere did Leo buy the bread this morning? at the bakeryWhat did you notice about these words?The highlighted phrases answer the question “where”.They tell where the action took place, takes place, or is taking place.They are called Adverb of Place.Since when has Leo been absent? since last Friday last MondayWhen was Leo seen at the church? this noonWhen did Leo eat at Joey’s house? yesterday morning during recessWhen was he seen at playground?When was he seen near the gate? Notice the highlighted phrases above. They answer the question when. They tell when anaction took place, takes place, or is taking place. They are called adverb of time. LET’S PRACTICEA. Complete the phrases below with the appropriate adverbs of time in the box to form sentences.B. Example: Mother works early in the morning. Column A 1. Our teacher comes to school ________________________________. 2. Hey! It's my birthday ________________________________. 3. We'll visit you ________________________________. 4. You can eat with us ________________________________. 5. Mother works ________________________________. 6. It is rather cold ________________________________. 7. Father will come home ________________________________. 8. We often go jogging ________________________________. 9. Ten fishermen went out to the sea ________________________________. 10. We had very little to eat ________________________________.

every day now tomorrowlast night in the afternoon at lunch timelate in the afternoon soon in Julyduring rainy days afterwards at noonin December today yesterdaythis noon at dawnC. Read the story and study the questions that follow. A long time ago, there lived a poor old woman in a small cottage in a far away village. One night, on her way home, she gathered a handful of beans to make into a delicious soup. She built a fire on the earth near the lake. To make it burn faster, the old woman went up a pile of straw. She threw a handful of straw into the fire. Up went the flames angrily. But one bean fell unnoticed on the floor near the pieces of straw. After a short while a burning coal popped out of the fire and fell beside the bean and the piece of straw. \"I was lucky enough to get out from that fire,\" said the coal. \"If I hadn't jumped out from it in time, I would have been burned to ashes.\"Classify the adverbs found in the story using the table below.Adverb of Time Adverb of Place LET’S SUMMARIZEWords that describe or modify an action word andanswer the question when are called adverbs of time.On the other hand, words that describe or modify anaction word and answer the question where are calledadverbs of place.

LET’S CHECKRead and pick out the adverbs of time and adverbs of place in this letter. Copy headingson your notebook and write your answers there. There is a sample done for you. Tarlac City July 28, 2011 Dear Andres, The monthly general assembly meeting of the officers of the Dahlia Elementary School Alumni Association will be tomorrow, July 28, 2011 at 4:00 o’clock in the afternoon to be held at the new Alumni building located beside the Kindergarten building. The regular meeting that used to be held at the school cafeteria will now be held at the Alumni Headquarters beginning tomorrow. The purpose of the early meeting is to plan out the forthcoming General Alumni Reunion tentatively scheduled on the last week of December of this year to be held in a resort near the golf course owned by one of the alumni in Pampanga. Please allow me to talk with you in the evening, maybe right after our meeting in a small restaurant located at the back of our school to discuss some business matters which your family would enjoy about. Your batchmate, ProcopioAdverb of Time Adverb of Place 1) __tomorrow___ 1) ____________ 2) _____________ 2) ____________ 3) _____________ 4) _____________

B. Read the paragraph and answer the questions below in complete sentences. Write your answers in your notebook. Underline the adverbs. The Firefighters Firefighters are brave helpers in the community. They are always ready to respond to emergency calls at all times. They are equipped with firefighting equipments in attending to the fire scene. They hook hoses up to hydrants along the sidewalk. They put off fire by directing their hose of stream of water into the burning building. The firefighters go up the ladders to rescue people or animals trapped inside the house or building. Sometimes, people are uncontrollable in entering to their burning house to rescue loved ones or animals that were trapped inside. However, firefighters do the job always with utmost care. They guide victims to go down the ladders. The fire chief tells the crowd to stay away from a burning building to ensure the security of the property on fire. 1. Where do the firemen direct the stream of water? ___________________________________________ 2. Where do the firemen go? ___________________________________________ 3. Where do they point their hoses? ___________________________________________ 4. Where do they rescue trapped people? ___________________________________________ 5. Where does the chief ask the crowd to go? ___________________________________________ 6. Was there an instance of fire that you remember? ___________________________________________

7. Where is it and when did it happen? ___________________________________________ 8. What were the reactions of people? ___________________________________________ 9. How do you feel when there is fire? ___________________________________________ 10. What should you do to help prevent fire? ___________________________________________C. Copy on your notebook the adverb from the following sentences and indicate if it is an adverb of place or an adverb of time. 1. Our house stands near the beach. 2. Rosa practices with the choir every afternoon. 3. Native food stores are put across the street. 4. My mother bakes cakes during my birthday. 5. Mr. Ramos' pupils wait for him at the Gym. 6. Malou visits her friends during summer. 7. The tallest building in town was built by the Cooperatives. 8. Carlos climbed on the broad back of their carabao. 9. My father and I visited our farm last Saturday. 10. The children walk to school every morning.D. Write a 5-sentence paragraph about your activities last weekend. Underline the adverb of place and adverb of time you used.

GRADE IV IDENTIFYING EXPLICIT MAIN IDEA GETTING READY You read and understand sentences and paragraphs with the help of your eyes. Have younotices how your eyes read each sentence in the paragraphs you are reading? Repeatedly doingthis is boring and tiring to the eyes. Do you know that when you are asked to read the paragraphs, you really don’t need toread the sentences one by one? It is true because in each paragraph, there is always a singlesentence in it. Being an expert in finding that one sentence will make you finish reading a testfaster without missing an important information from the entire test. In this module, you will be able to identify the explicitly stated main idea of a paragraph.LET’S REVIEW When you were still in Grade III you learned to distinguish the small ideas from bigideas. For a start, try answering the following exercises if you can still recall your pastlesson.A. Which is the big idea? Write the letter of the correct answer. Example:dogs a. animalscats b. insectsducks c. toyscows Answer: ___a__

Begin here. a. flowers b. grasses Rose c. trees 1. Camia a. insect Sampaguita b. animals c. birds Maya 2. Dove a. fruits b. grasses Parrot c. vegetables pechay a. Hobby 3. kangkong b. Household chores c. Sports ampalaya washing the plates 4. cleaning the house watering the gardenB. Tell whether the word in the box is a big idea or a small idea. Write the letter of the correct answer.1. toys a. big idea b. small idea yoyo cart a. big idea doll b. small idea2. papaya a. big idea b. small idea atis mangoes fruits3. parts of a tree twigs roots trunk leavesC. Study the set of small ideas in each item. Look for the big idea that covers the small ideas in the box. Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. nose a. parts of the head eyes b. parts of the body lips c. parts of the arms ears a. parts of a flower2. flowers b. parts of a plant leaves c. parts of a root stem roots a. names of months b. days of the week3. Monday c. number of days Tuesday Wednesday a. fruits Sunday b. trees c. grasses4. makopa banana a. months avocado b. days pineapple c. year5. March a. food for breakfast April b. food for lunch September c. food for dinner December a. things at home6. egg b. things in school bread c. things in the kitchen papaya rice a. things in the sala b. things in the kitchen7. books c. things in the bedroom desks blackboard chalk8. plates cups pots glasses

LET’S STUDYRead the paragraph. Trees have many uses for us. They give us fruits. They are used in building houses. They also provide shade to humans in summer or whenever it is hot. Trees are the source of paper we use in school. They also help prevent flood in times of typhoon and heavy rains. This paragraph tells about trees. The sentence: Trees have many uses, tells what the paragraph is all about. It is the key sentence. The key sentence gives the main idea of the paragraph.Let's continue. Read and study the following paragraphs. Have you seen a giraffe? It is three times as tall as a man. It has1. long thin legs. It has a very high neck. The giraffe is the tallest animal in the world. They can eat leaves from tall trees. Giraffes in zoo are fed by their care takers using long ladder. This ladder is also used by animal doctors to reach the giraffe’s mouth if they need to take medicines. What is the paragraph all about? It is about the giraffe. Where is the key sentence or the main idea? The giraffe is the tallest animal in the world. Is it in the beginning, middle or the end? It is at the middle part. 1Scientists study things around them. 2They just don’t read and2. read and read. 3They also conduct experiments inside or outside a laboratory. They do series of observations with their subject. They even go to the wild, or outer space to prove a hypothesis. If there is a need to experiment on internal organs of humans, they use animals as object of experiment. It is therefore true that Scientists are hard workers.

This paragraph tells about scientists.The key sentence is - Scientists are hard workers.Sentences 1 and 2 are all related to the key sentence. They give the details thatsupport the key sentence. Most children idolize cartoon characters for various reasons. Some children say these characters show positive values that are worth imitating for children. Others explain that Cartoon characters do funny actions and tell lines real children would like to say at times. Some children imitate other characters expressions and gestures to joke their friends.Read these questions.1. What is the paragraph about?a. childrenb. cartoon charactersc. reasons why children idolize cartoon characters.Answer: C2. What is the key sentence of the paragraph?a. Others explain that Cartoon characters do funny actions and tell lines real children would like to say at times.b. Some children imitate other characters expressions and gestures to joke their friends.c. Most children idolize Cartoon characters for various reasons.

LET’S PRACTICEA. Read this selection and answer the questions that follow. A fish that doesn't look like a fish is the sea horse. Its head looks like the head of a little pony. When it swims, the sea horse stands upright. When it wants to stay still, it curls its tail around a seaweed. Then it holds on. Others get confused with the body structure of a sea horse. Its tail looks like a design of furniture in appearance although its texture is similar to that of a shell. It has a pointed mouth just like the mouth of most form animals. Answer the questions by writing the letter of the correct answer in your notebook. 1. Which is the key sentence of the paragraph? a. It curls its tail around a seaweed. b. Its head looks like the head of a pony. c. A fish that doesn't look like a fish is the seahorse.

2. Where is the key sentence found? a. at the beginning b. at the middle c. at the endLet’s have more Practice. Read each paragraph then copy the sentence that contains themain idea. 1. Whales live in ocean. They swim with their tails as fishes do. Their front legs look like the fins of a fish. Some of them have fins on their backs just as fishes have. It is not surprising that many people think whales are a kind of fish. 2. Mother whales nurse their babies with milk from their bodies. Whales don't have gills, they have lungs. When they were young, they have hairs on their bodies. Whales are mammals. Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in your notebook. 1. The main idea of paragraph 1 is ______. a. Whales live in oceans. b. Some of them have fins on their backs as fishes have. c. It is not surprising that many people think whales are a kind of fish. 2. The main idea of paragraph 2 is ______. a. Mother whales nurse their babies with milk from their bodies. b. Whales don't have gills c. Whales are mammals

B. Read the selection. Answer the questions that follow. 1. Fish lay their eggs in different places. Some fish lay their eggs in mud. Others lay their eggs in stones or underwater roots. Still others lay their eggs on top of the water. Which is the key sentence of paragraph 1? a. Fish lay eggs in different places. b. Some fish lay their eggs in mud. c. Still others lay their eggs on top of the water. 2. Some fish blow bubbles on the water. These bubbles stick together and make a nest. The bubble nest floats to the top of the water like an umbrella. The bubble nest is a unique fish nest. It is strong. The wind and waves cannot break it. Which is the key sentence of paragraph 2? a. The bubble nest floats to the top of the water like an umbrella. b. The bubble nest is a unique fish nest. c. The wind and waves cannot break it. 3. The male fish puts the eggs the mother fish has laid into the bubble nest. He watches over the nest. When an egg falls out from the bubble nest, he puts it back. The male fish takes care of the eggs in the bubble nest. What is the key sentence of paragraph 3? a. The male fish puts the eggs into the bubble nest. b. When an egg falls out from the bubble nest, he puts it back c. The male fish takes care of the eggs in the bubble nest. LET’S SUMMARIZE You learned that a paragraph always has a main idea. This main idea is usually stateddirectly in the paragraph. It may be in the beginning, the middle or at the end of the paragraph.

LET’S CHECKA. Read the selection. Answer the questions that follow. Ants live and work together. They live in ant cities. They work hard to build their cities in tree tops. Others build in the ground. Some ants even build their cities in pieces of old wood. The queen ant lays the eggs. Some worker ants bring food to the queen ant. Some worker ants dig tunnels. Still others build storerooms. Other ants work as soldiers. They stand watch ready to fight. Every ant has his own work to do in an ant city. Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in your notebook. 1. What does the selection tell? a. The work of the queen ant b. How ants live and work together c. Where ants build homes d. What worker ants do 2. Which is the key sentence of the first paragraph? a. Ants live and work together. b. They live in ant cities. c. They work hard to build the ant cities. d. Some ants build their cities in tree tops. 3. Which is the key sentence in the second paragraph? a. Some worker ants dig tunnels. b. Still others build storerooms. c. They stand watch ready to fight. d. Every ant has his own work to do in Ant City.B. Read the paragraph. Copy in your notebook the key sentence in each paragraph. 1. Palay and corn grow in soil. Vegetables grow in soil. The fruit trees grow in soil too. Most of the foods we eat grow in soil.

2. Soil is made when ground rocks mix with decayed matter. They mix with dead animals too. Soil has been formed in this manner for a long, long time.3. Scientists study things around them. They read and read. They work patiently on their experiments. Scientists are really hard workers.4. Houses are made of different materials. Some are made of nipa and bamboo. Others are made of wood. There are also houses made of stones and bricks.5. Water is used for drinking and cooking. It is used for cleaning. It is used to put out fires. Truly, water is very useful.

` GRADE IV IDENTIFYING IMPLIED MAIN IDEA GETTING READY How to identify the explicit main idea in a paragraph? It is simply finding the sentence in the paragraph that tells the idea of the other sentences in the paragraph. However, not all times that the main idea is explicitly written in the paragraph. There are times when all the sentences in the paragraph are clues for you to realize the main idea of a paragraph. In this case, you will need another skill in finding the main idea if it is not included in the paragraph. This module will equip you with a skill you need in order to find the main idea of aparagraph especially if it is not directly written. LET’S REVIEW A. Read the text. Have you been to Baguio? I visited Baguio last summer. We saw Igorots in their colorful costumes. They did several performances. These performances were dances revealing the historical and cultural heritages of Igorot culture in Baguio. There were Americans, Chinese, and Japanese watching them. Truly, culture presentation is evident in Baguio. Not all places like cities have this kind of festival where tradition is highlighted. This could be one of the reasons why most tourists visit Baguio. Answer the questions in your notebook. 1. What is the paragraph about? __________________________________. 2. How many sentences are in the paragraph? ________________________. 3. Which of the sentences contain the main idea? _____________________. 4. Where is it located in the paragraph? ____________________________.

` LET’S STUDY1. Read the paragraphs and answer the questions that follow in your notebook. 1. Filipinos love to entertain visitors. The visitors are given special treatment in Filipino homes. They are served the best food. They are given all the comforts in their personal needs. Aside from being hospitable, Filipinos are courteous, helpful and a have closely-knit families. These are the traits Filipinos must be proud of. Which of the following sentences expresses the main idea of the paragraph? a. The Filipino traits that we must be proud of. b. The hospitality of the Filipinos c. How Filipinos entertain visitors The best answer is letter b. Notice that hospitality of Filipinos is not seen in the paragraph. However, it is the main idea. Go back to each sentence. See if each supports the main idea we identified from the paragraph.

` You see, sometimes all sentences in a paragraph serves as clues only for youto realize the main idea. In this case, the paragraph has an implied main idea.2. Sampaguita garlands are usually given to visitors and guests during special occasions. Sampaguita blossoms are strung around a fine abaca fiber with a cluster of Ilang-ilang flowers. The Sampaguita garlands smell sweet. People never seem to get tired smelling the fragrance of Sampaguita garlands. What is the main idea of this paragraph? Select the best answer. a. What Sampaguita garlands are b. How a Sampaguita garland is made c. What kind of flower Sampaguita is Did you select letter b? What are the clue words that made you select it? Sentence b is the correct answer. The second sentence in the paragraph gives the clue to what the main idea is. Here are some words used in the paragraphs. Can you give the meanings of these words without the help of a dictionary?

` LET’S PRACTICEA. Read the following paragraphs. Choose the letters of the correct answers to the questions below. Write it in your notebook. The answers to the questions are not directly stated. Read carefully and search for clue words that will help you give the correct answer. The Philippines was a colony of Spain during the Spanish time. The Spaniards ruled the Philippines for almost three hundred years. Our Filipino leaders did not like the way the Spaniards treated us. They fought against the Spaniards but they were not successful in their fight against them. Many Filipino leaders were punished by the Spaniards. 1. What does colony mean? a. a country governed by another country b. a country with brave leaders c. a country who has its own leaders 2. What does defeat mean? a. to be successful in doing everything b. to lose in a fight c. to rule a country 3. How did the Spaniards treat the Filipino soldiers? a. They were cruel to the Filipino soldiers. b. They were friendly to the Filipinos. c. They were kind to the Filipinos. 4. What was the result of the fight between the Spaniards and the Filipinos? a. The Spaniards won in the fight. b. The Filipino leaders were punished by the Spaniards. c. The Filipinos and the Spaniards became friends. 5. What is the main idea of the selection?

` a. The Spanish victory b. The punishment of the Filipino soldiers c. The Philippines as a colony of Spain Solar power is produced by the sun. The sun’s heat and light enable life to continue on earth. Without the sun, all plants, animals, and human life will not exist. Plants could not manufacture the food they need without the sun’s light. They could not produce the oxygen all animals and human beings need. 1. Which of the following sentences gives the main idea? a. All living things need sunlight. b. Plants and animals give heat. c. Human beings need sunlight.Look at the picture. What do you think the story would be about based on the picture? Rizal’s Life in Dapitan Dr. Jose Rizal lived as an exile in Dapitan. While he was there, he helped the people in many ways. He put up a school where he taught twenty boys. He conducted the recitations from a hammock. Without using books, he taught his pupils arithmetic, languages, and nature study. He trained them to be industrious and to live a useful life. The boys tried their best in their studies too, because the best was called “Emperor”. Everyone wanted to be the emperor who was usually awarded with the seat at the head of the bench while the poorest pupil was given the seat at its foot. He was asked to jump, dance or perform other physical exercises before the others Dr. Rizal encouraged his pupils to achieve much in their studies and to build up a good character. He rewarded those who did good work with gifts such as clothing and books. The boys who had received many gifts went with him in his hunting trips. Maestro Rizal put up a hospital also. He treated many patients who came from near and far places. He accepted payment from his patients who could afford to pay

` Choose the letter of the correct answer to these questions. Write your answer inyour notebook.Which is the main idea of the following paragraphs?1. Paragraph 1 a. What the boys learned b. Why he was exiled c. Where he conducted his recitation2. Paragraph 2 a. What the poor students did b. What the boys wanted to be c. Why they were given reward3. Paragraph 3

` a. Where the boys wanted to go b. What rewards were given to them c. Why the boys were encouraged to study well4. Paragraph 4 a. Who his patients were b. How much his patients paid c. What he did with the payments he received5. What did Rizal prove in his stay in Dapitan? a. He wanted to serve the people b. He enjoyed his life in Dapitan c. He had many friends LET’S SUMMARIZE1. Identifying explicitly stated main idea is done by finding the sentence that tells the ideas of the other sentences in the paragraph.2. Explicitly stated main idea is sometimes found at the beginning, middle or ending part of the paragraph. CHECK YOURSELFA. Read the paragraph. A tree is a world of its own. Different plants and animals can be found living on trees. Many animals depend on trees for food and shelter. Birds build their nests on trees. 1. Why are birds and animals dependent on trees? a. Birds and animals get food from trees.

` b. Birds live on trees. c. Decayed leaves make the soil rich.2. What makes the tree a world of its own? a. Trees are dependent on other animals. b. Plants and animals live on trees. c. Birds build their nests on trees.3. What is the main idea of this paragraph? a. Trees are used in different ways. b. Plants and animals cannot live without trees. c. Plants and animals are dependent on trees. The early Filipinos didn’t live in houses. They lived on trees and in caves. They didn’t wear clothes. They used leaves and barks of trees to protect their bodies from colds. They were skillful hunters. They hunted wild birds and animals for food.4. What is the paragraph about? a. It is about wild animals. b. It is about the houses of the early Filipinos. c. It is about the life of the early Filipinos.5. What is the main idea of the paragraph? a. The culture of the early Filipinos b. What the Filipinos used to protect their bodies c. Where the early Filipinos lived

GRADE IV NOTING DETAILS USING STORY GRAMMAR Reading will always be a part of your life. It’s a means where we get information andupdate those we already know. In this sense, you should aware of the types of text you encounterin reading. There are only two types of texts: exposition and narrative. Whichever type of text youare reading it is necessary that you are able to note important details. Details of an expositorytext are different from the details of a narrative text. Question is what do you know details doyou need to note if you are reading a narrative text? In this module, you will learn the elements of a story or a narrative text. Hence, you willbe able to note details using a narrative text. LET’S REVIEW A. Read the story. What do the underlined words tell? Mr. Naldo was a rich man. He lived in a big house with his only son whom he loved so dearly. He showed his love by giving everything he wished for. One day his son got sick. He was worried because his son didn’t like to eat. He was always lying in bed. “Father, I like to eat delicious guavas”, his son said. “Please tell our servant to go to the market now.” The servant ran quickly went to the market. He approached a fruit vendor and asked if her guavas were sweet. The fruit vendor answered, “All my guavas are sweet. Get one and take a bite.” The servant said, “How do I know if all the guavas are sweet if I taste only one?” So he took a bite on every guava he bought.

When he reached home his master saw the guavas. He shouted angrily and asked,“Who took a bite on these guavas?” The servant answered, “I did Sir, because you told me to buy sweet guavas. How do Iknow if the guavas were sweet if I didn’t taste all of them?” The master threw the basket of guavas to the servant and said, “Foolish Fellow, eat allthese guavas.”Copy the chart below in your notebook. Look for words in the story that tell who, when,where, and what. Write them under each column using the chart below. Who What When WhereExample: Mr. Naldo ____________ ____________ ________________________ ____________ ____________ ________________________ ___________ ____________ ________________________ ____________ ____________ ________________________ ____________ ____________ ________________________ ____________ ____________ ________________________ ____________ ____________ ________________________ ____________ ____________ ________________________ ____________ ____________ ________________________ ____________ ____________ ____________ Look at the chart you completed in your notebook. Those details in each column areactually clues for you to remember what elements of a narrative are

LET’S STUDYA. Read the story. THE MISSING AX A woodcutter sat down beside the lake to rest. He put his ax beside him. His axfell into the lake. He felt so sad for it was his only ax. Suddenly a man appearedbefore him and said, “I’ll get the ax for you. “Then he dived into the lake. When he came out of the lake the man had a silver ax. The woodcutter told himthat it was not his ax. So the man dived into the lake again. Later he came with agolden ax. He showed it to the woodcutter. Again the woodcutter told him that itwas not his ax. The man dived again into the water. When he came out of thewater he had a wooden ax. “That’s my ax. “, said the woodcutter. He was happy to see his wooden ax. The man gave the woodcutter his wooden ax. He also gave him the silver andthe golden ax as a reward for his honesty.