Atlas 2017_english

World ranking Barley grain 1st 32nd world world producer Russia producer Mexico 20,444,258 tonnes 845,707 tonnes 2016 Foreign trade The Russian Federation produces Six of every thousand hectares of barley 14.5% of this grain’s crop in the world. grown on the planet are located in Mexico. 2015-2016 Variation (%)2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports ValueMexican imports of this grain registered a lower volume in 2016, as a result of the greater amount 73,910 1 -73,909 -56.1 153,300of barley grain harvested in the country. million USD 20.2 0.001 -20.199 -58.5 11,208Commercial origin-destination Increase DecreaseThe United States and France were Mexico’s main suppliers in 2016. France, along withAustralia and Argentina, are the largest exporters of barley in the world. 1,247* Buyer Main USA (Mexican exports) Supplier (Mexican imports) Importer and Exporter * USD Adequate geographical characteristics for the production The largest importers of barley in Asia are China and Saudi Arabia, while in Europe it is Holland and Belgium. Altitude Rain Temperature EdaphologyForeign trade evolution (million USD) 1,800 to 3,000 400 to 600 3 to 30 °C Not very deep soils, stony and well-drained, 64.3 MASL mm pH of 6.0 - 8.5 48.6 30.1 26.1 28.1 The western, central and north-central regions of Mexico have the best23.1 conditions for the development of this crop, which is in line with the states that contribute the highest production. 14.3 21.7 20.2 15.10 0 0.03 0.04 0.003 0.065 0 0.4 0.00001 0.001 Exports Imports2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%)Exportaciones ImportacionesImports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Barley grain production potentialExports 18.5 29.1 50.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.0 46.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 53.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 59

Onion Onion production increased for the third consecutive year, Percentage of the production value by state mainly due to the improvement in the yields obtained. Baja California 19.3 Chihuahua Chihuahua generates the largest volumes of this 21.2 crop; for its sale, this state obtained an economic sum of 1.67 billion MXN in 2016. 2007-2016 National production volume (thousand tonnes) PArovmeraegdeio Tamaulipas 11.8 1,353 1,3872007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 1,246 1,196Top 10 in production volume 1,266Main producing states 1,399 Rank State 1,239Volume (tonnes)Variation (%) 1,270 2015-2016 National total 1,368 1 Chihuahua 1,5191,635,0497.6 2 Tamaulipas Variations % 1,635 3 Zacatecas 447,607 51.8 4 Baja California 5 Michoacan 177,396 6.7 6 Guanajuato 7 Puebla 161,235 -4.0 Onion production equals five times the weight 8 San Luis Potosi of Trump Tower, located in Chicago. 9 Morelos 133,701 0.2 10 Jalisco 131,584 -12.5 Rest 124,583 -20.3 94,181 10.3 71,324 5.4 2016 InYiedldicators Share in the national production of vegetables 69,601 4.6 10.6% 55,593 -3.4 168,245 -2.5 Annual per capita consumption Area 10.5 kg.10.4 10.6 Annual Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural 2015-2016 Million MXN price Thousand hectares Thousand Tonnes MXN AAGR 52.5 1 51.5 tonnes 7,872 / hectare / tonne 2007-2016 1,635 4,815 3.2 542.3 1.6 23.1 31.7 0.8 6.5 0.8 7.6 7.0 14.4 1.8 5.9 1.1 5.1 IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThis condiment is available throughout the whole year. 6.4 6.0 8.1 8.9 11.1 9.1 8.7 11.6 9.4 8.2 7.9 4.6 January February March April May June July August September October November December60

World ranking Onion 1st 12th world world producer China producer Mexico 23,388,381 tonnes 1,368,184 tonnes 2016 Foreign trade The Asian country leads the production of The Mexican yield per harvested onion hectare is 2015-2016 Variation (%) this vegetable, although India also shows a 2.4 times lower than that of Austria, which registers production close to 20 million tonnes. the best in the world.2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports ValueThe significant exported volume of onion from Mexico position it as the third country that receives the 63,078 415,266 352,188 -9.9 6.8most foreign currency for the sale of this vegetable, which represents 13.5% of the world traded value. million USD 32.5Commercial origin-destination 231.2 198.7 -12.1 10The United States is the main destination of exported Mexican onions; it purchases a little more than Increase Decrease373,000 tonnes, which equal two thirds of the volume acquired abroad by that country. Canada Buyer Main (Mexican 224,608,812 exports) Supplier USA (Mexican imports) Guatemala Importer and Exporter * USDPotential markets for onion trading are Malaysia, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Senegal, although theUnited States is the second largest importer of this vegetable on the planet.Foreign trade evolution (million USD) 231.2 Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 198.8 203.2 210.2 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 2,800 350 to 600 15 to 22 °C Soils of light to medium texture; depth of MASL mm 35 to 50 cm, pH of 6.0 - 7.5 155.3 Due to its adaptability, it is possible to cultivate onion in many regions of our country, which is in line with the areas of high productive potential. 50 64.5 48.633 36.8 38.7 38 37 32.525 25.3 11.8 17.6 14.2 18.5 Exports Imports2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Exportaciones ImportacionesMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%)Imports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Onion production potential 14.7 9.7 4.6 1.2 0.6 0.9 0.7 8.4 12.5 17.9 13.2 15.6Exports 3.9 8.5 17.4 13.8 11.4 12.8 8.7 5.2 4.0 4.4 5.0 4.9 61

Green chili The production of this crop continues to rise, since during 2016 it Percentage of the production value by state increased 17.9% with respect to the previous year, mainly due to an increase in the sown and harvested area. Chihuahua generates 3 out of 10 tonnes of green chili; in 2016, the area sown was Chihuahua greater than that of the previous year. This 22.0 movement is also observed in Zacatecas. 2007-2016 National production volume (thousand tonnes) P2Ar2vo,e,4m4r2a2e3gd3eio Sinaloa 16.6 2,260 Zacatecas 2,052 14.6 1,982 2,3362007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2,132 2,380Top 10 in production volume 2,294Main producing states 2,733 2,782RankStateVolume (tonnes)Variation (%) Variations % 3,2802015-2016 National total 3,279,910 17.9 1 Chihuahua 991,917 21.5 2 Sinaloa 637,924 6.0 Seven serrano chilies weigh approximately 50 g, and they are enough to prepare a green 3 Zacatecas 419,323 70.6 salsa. With the annual Mexican production, 66 thousand million salsas can be processed. 4 San Luis Potosi 296,298 33.5 5 Sonora 164,061 25.9 2016 InYiedldicators Share in the national 6 Jalisco 130,287 10.8 production of vegetables 7 Michoacan 123,403 3.5 21.3% 8 Guanajuato 101,449 -0.8 9 Baja California Sur 63,510 17.8 10 Durango 51,921 9.2 Rest 299,819 -8.0 Area Annual per capita consumption Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural Million MXN price 18.7 kg.18.6 18.8 Annual Thousand hectares Thousand Tonnes MXN 2015-2016 173 3 170 tonnes 24,142 / hectare / tonne 3,280 7,360 AAGR 12.8 -38.3 14.4 6.9 19.3 2007-2016 1.7 -8.9 2.0 17.9 8.1 -9.3 4.2 3.0 2.2 3.7 Increase DecreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThe availability of this vegetable is distributed throughout the year, although the last quarter concentrates half of the production. 6.9 8.1 5.2 4.8 4.7 3.4 8.7 8.5 11.9 13.5 12.3 12.0 January February March April May June July August September October November December62

World ranking Green chili 1st 2ndworld worldproducer China producer Mexico16,120,406 tonnes 2,732,635 tonnes 2016 Foreign tradeChina allocates an area of just over 711 thousand Among the countries that sow chili, Mexico has thehectares for this spicy cultivation. third largest harvested area, which represents 7.4% of the world total for this crop. 2015-2016 Variation (%)2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports ValueThere are 136 countries that export some type of chili, with an annual volume of 3.3 million tonnes together; of 2,956 994,752 991,796 -92.1 8.1these, 28.7% are Mexican, reason why our country is positioned as the main exporter. million USD 2.7Commercial origin-destination 682.7 680 -96.8 8.8Mexico exports this vegetable to 16 nations; the United States and Canada are the countries with the largest Increase Decreasepurchase: 992,000 and 3,000 tonnes, respectively. Canada Netherlands Buyer Main (Mexican 679,135,410* exports) USA Supplier (Mexican imports) Importer and Exporter* USDAlthough the United States is the world's main importer, Malaysia, Poland and Lithuania arethe opportunity markets for the commercialization of this Mexican product.Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 516.6 682.7 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 2,700 600 to 1,500 18 to 30 °C Soils of light to medium texture; depth 627.4 560 MASL mm of 35 to 50 cm, pH of 4.3 - 8.3 210.2 270.3 An opportunity for the production of 226 green chili is presented in the central region of the country, where there are favorable geographical conditions. 133.3 86.2 46.5 55.240.4 82.2 2.71.4 2.1 0.7 1.3 1.3 1.6 Exports2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 ImportsMonthly distribution of foreign trade (E%xp)ortaciones Importaciones Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 2.1 3.3 2.4 2.6 3.8 8.3 9.6 12.0 15.2 16.7 14.6 9.4Exports 9.2 9.9 11.4 9.7 8.2 5.1 4.6 5.3 6.2 7.2 9.9 13.3 Green chili production potential 63

Harvesting numbers from our fields MINISTRY OF ECONOMY MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK, RURAL DEVELOPEMENT, FISHING AND FOODDid you know that Mexico is self-sufficient in the production of white maize and the final stock for the 2016/17 market period are estimated at more thantwo million tonnes? It is possible to know this fact and many others thanks to the Harvesting Numbers from Our Fields (Cosechando Números del Campo)platform, that contains full and timely monthly information on the behavior of 12 strategic agricultural and livestock products in Mexico. Starting from a collaborative effort between the SAGARPA and the SE, this information guides the decision making that has a direct impact on the national economy, contributes to the organization of supply and demand, and contributes to the strengthening of global food security.What kind of information What are the 12 strategic agricultural products What is this information will I nd? that Harvesting Numbers from useful for? Our Fields reports? National data Agricultural Knowing the availability-consumption balance allows us to anticipate the impact Production Sugar Beans Yellow maize White maize of the atypical variations associated with: Imports and exports Sorghum Durum wheat Bread-making Extraordinary supply needs Inventories wheat Placing of surplus production abroad Prices Livestock Prices and inflation Sanitary problems International data Climate risks Trade policy measures Production Unfair competition Main producing countries Main importing countries Beef Egg Milk Main exporting countries Poultry Pork Prices Visit: www.numerosdelcampo.sagarpa.gob.mx Also... Availability and consumption Monographs Weather forecast Meteorological reports Current conditionsSource: SIAP. 64

Production costs: important in analysis anddecision-makingThe production costs are the monetary expenditures that must be made to transform the inputs into goods or services. Agricultural production process In the agricultural production process, The comparative analysis of costs is essential to costs can be grouped in: measure the competitive capacity of the company.Inputs: purchase of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural materials, The costs of agricultural production are a valuable tool for:fuels and spare parts.Agricultural work: payment of labor for the activities of soil preparation,planting, pest control, fertilization, crop management and harvesting.General expenses: depreciation of buildings, machinery, equipment andplantations, taxes, permits, insurance, electricity, laboratory analysis,maintenance, among others.Source: SIAP 65

Cauliflower In 2016, cauliflower production reached 75,797 tonnes, 10.1% Percentage of the production value by state higher than in 2015. Guanajuato excels at the national level 2007-2016 National production volume for its contribution in the production of (thousand tonnes) cauliflower; in value, it stands out with a little more than 26% of the national total. PArvoemraegdeio 69 55 Guanajuato Hidalgo 67 26.6 18.6 82 Puebla 792007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 15.7 71 63Top 10 in production volume Annual 65Main producing states 2015-2016 58 69Rank StateVolume (tonnes)Variation (%)AAGR Variations % 762015-20162007-2016 National total 1 Guanajuato 75,797 10.1 2 Hidalgo 3 Puebla 17,282 26.4 4 Michoacan 5 Aguascalientes 15,433 36.7 The production volume of cauliflower in Guanajuato is equivalent to the weight of more than 6 Queretaro 2,460 times the Angel of the Independence, emblematic monument located in Mexico City. 7 San Luis Potosi 14,177 -8.9 8 Zacatecas 9 Baja California 10,110 -0.5 10 Jalisco 3,818 -28.5 Rest 3,574 16.7 3,311 -2.4 2016 InYiedldicators Share in the national production of vegetables 3,300 14.1 0.5% 2,490 93.6 1,220 2.8 1,083 10.1 Area Annual per capita consumption Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural Million MXN price 0.4 kg.0.3 0.5 Thousand hectares Thousand Tonnes MXN 3.9 0.1 3.8 tonnes 309 / hectare / tonne 4,081 12.2 252.6 10.9 76 15.8 19.9 3.3 1.2 3.3 7.8 5.1 10.1 -0.7 3.6 0.2 4.1 Increase DecreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThis vegetable is available during the whole year, although a third part of its production is concentrated between the months of September and November. 4.2 6.8 7.4 10.3 10.0 6.0 8.1 8.6 11.2 14.0 9.4 4.0 January February March April May June July August September October November December66

World ranking Cauliflower 1st 5th world world producer China producer Mexico 9,286,256 tonnes 58,087 tonnes 2016 Foreign trade Cauliflower is grown in more than 90 Our country could climb a position among 2015-2016 Variation (%) countries; China and India are the main the largest producers of this vegetable if it producers in the world, since together they manages to obtain a higher yield. harvest 7 of every 10 kilograms of the total.2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports Value39.6% of Mexican cauliflower production is destined for the foreign market; there are eight countries 2,252 29,982 27,730 67.1 13.7that purchased the vegetable. million USD 1.5 29 27.5 49.7 10.2Commercial origin-destination IncreaseThe trade balance for this vegetable is positive, as it reaches a surplus of 27.5 million USD. Canada Buyer Main (Mexican 26,332,791* Japan exports) USA Supplier (Mexican imports) Importer and Exporter * USDThe United Kingdom, Canada and Germany are the largest importers of cauliflower in the world.Foreign trade evolution (million USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 25.5 26.2 29 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 900 to 2,500 400 to 550 15 to 21 °C Drained loamy or silty-loamy soils; 26.3 MASL mm pH of 6.0 - 6.8 21.2 23.7 23.4 17.9 20.812.5 Derived from the requirements of the crop for its production, cauliflower presents few areas with high productive potential; however, with the use of technologies, good results are obtained in its production within the country. 3.2 3.2 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.1 1 1.5 Exports Imports2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exportaciones Importaciones Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 3.1 8.1 5.9 5.6 2.8 2.9 10.4 12.7 17.1 18.0 13.2 0.2Exports 11.9 11.6 11.5 9.9 8.3 7.8 5.6 5.8 4.5 3.7 7.4 12.0 Cauliflower production potential 67

Copra Derived from an increase in productivity and the price paid to Percentage of the production value by state the producer of this oilseed in 2016, the value of production grew 7% compared to 2015. With 22 producing municipalities, Guerrero dominates the copra harvest: 2007-2016 National production volume four fifths of the national volume 300 (thousand tonnes) correspond to this state. PArvoemraegdeio 211 150 2007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016204 Colima Tabasco 228 5.6 4.7 Top in production volume211 Guerrero Producing States209 84.6 Share in the national 216 production of agroindustrials Rank State 207Volume (tonnes)Variation (%) The production of national copra is equivalent to the weight of 2032015-2016 the Harmony of the Seas, the largest cruise ship in the world. National total 203 1 Guerrero 208223,0187.0 2016 InYideldicators 2 Colima Variations % 223 3 Tabasco 179,770 7.9 4 Oaxaca 5 Michoacan 18,593 2.1 6 Jalisco 7 Veracruz 11,091 6.2 8 Chiapas 9 Campeche 7,854 3.0 2,588 2.2 1,125 -7.1 890 -2.8 817 -0.1 290 NA Area Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural 0.4% price Annual Thousand hectares Thousand Million MXN Tonnes MXN 2015-2016 tonnes / hectare / tonne 128 NA 124 223 1,756 7,874 AAGR 1.8 2007-2016 0.4 NA 0.01 7.0 13.7 6.3 7.0 4.7 -0.6 NA -0.7 1.0 5.7 1.7 Does not apply Increase DecreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThis oilseed is produced during the whole year, although its harvest increases during the second trimester. 9.7 8.3 5.8 17.2 10.3 11.9 5.7 5.6 7.1 4.9 6.5 7.0 January February March April May June July August September October November December68

World ranking Copra 1st 8th world world producer Indonesia producer Mexico 18,300,000 tonnes 202,692 tonnes 2016 Foreign trade Indonesia and the Philippines lead global Around 62.2 million copra is harvested worldwide; 2015-2016 Variation (%) copra production; they generate 54.7% of our country participates with 1.7% in that the total. production.2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports ValueMexico registers a non-significant foreign trade of copra, exports represent 2% of the harvested 1,267 4,413 3,146 171 9.8national volume. million USD 3.1 3.8 0.7 139 41.7Commercial origin-destinationThe country maintains a favorable balance in the foreign trade of this fruit. Increase 2,641,925* Buyer Main USA (Mexican exports) Belize Supplier Guatemala (Mexican imports) Importer and Exporter * USD Adequate geographical characteristics for the production The Philippines, Bangladesh and Pakistan are the largest importers of copra. 3.8 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 3.1 0 to 250 1,200 to 2,400 24 to 27 °C Loamy soils of fine sands with good internal drainageForeign trade evolution (million USD) MASL mm and a pH of 5.0 - 8.0 4 3.5 3.3 2.7 2.51.6 The production potential of copra is mainly present in the southern region of the country, 1 1.3 1.3 where 5 producing states are found according to the production volume obtained.0.9 0.8 1 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.2 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Exports ImportsMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exportaciones Importaciones Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 7.8 6.1 8.9 8.4 6.9 8.3 5.5 9.3 11.0 9.3 7.9 10.6Exports 7.9 9.2 7.6 7.4 7.5 9.5 7.4 9.8 7.8 9.2 8.6 8.1 Copra production potential. 69







































Gerbera 2016 Foreign trade 2015-2016 Variation (%)2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports ValueThe gerbera is a flower mostly for domestic consumption. Although its foreign trade is 13 295 282 -34.1 -18.5marginal, it shows a positive balance of 226 thousand USD. thousand USD 468 694 226 -28.2 -20.8Commercial origin-destination DecreaseThe only commercial destination for this Mexican flower is the United States. Buyer Main 694,455* (Mexican USA exports) Supplier * USD (Mexican imports) National floriculture focuses not only on maintaining but increasing the trade of this Importer and ornamental with the US market. ExporterForeign trade evolution (thousand USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 1,670 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 1,400 to 1,600 400 to 500 15 to 18 °C 1,469 Loose, light soils, little calcareous with a loamy, sandy- MASL mm loamy or clay-loamy texture, pH of 5.0 - 6.0 1,031778 915 836 798 876 694 The geographical conditions 835 for the production of this plant 652 have little influence because it is grown in greenhouses. 4680.04 0.04 0 0.1 3 0 0 0 Exports Imports2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%)Exportaciones Importaciones Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 2.3 0.6 13.6 11.4 6.9 39.7 7.5 5.3 6.2 4.8 1.6 0.1Exports 5.1 10.6 6.7 9.3 13.1 7.2 10.1 7.4 7.1 7.8 6.2 9.4 Gerbera production potential 89

Ornamental flowers: sights and scents for the sensesAn ornamental plant is one that is grown and marketed essentially to show its beauty, although there are numerous species that have a dual use: food andornamental, such as the olive and the orange. In our country, the ornaments generated 7.63 billion MXN in 2016, in an area of 21,000 hectares.Chrysanthemum They are hybrid plants cultivated for How to grow Rose their eye-catching owers with ornamental flowers? uneven and velvety petals. In 2016, 616,000 plants were produced in 1 only 6.45 hectares. Direct The chrysanthemum and the rose seeding are two owers that are commercialized both by gross and by 2 3 plant; however, its importance lies in the gross, since they generate 67.3% Indirect Germination of the total production. sowing Share in the production value (%) Queretaro Nine other states 4 5 2.1 account for 2.6 percent. Irrigation Nutrient solution Jalisco Veracruz 7Harvesting 3.5 1.6 of owers Michoacan Flower or 6 2.3 leave pruning Estado de Mexico 62.4 Terminal n-od-e---- Morelos Lateral node 6.9 Mexico Puebla City 14.2 Types of measure units for ornamental flowers 4.4 Value of the production Estado de Mexico and Mexico Gross Plant commercialized in grosses City concentrate 65.4% of the 76.8% 16.9% national production, with the 2016 (thousand MXN) spring-summer cycle being the most important to achieveChrysanthemum 1,800,577 Bunch Cubic TonnesRose 1,638,851 these results. 2.9% meters 1.2%Gladiolus 1,105,286 2.0%Lilium Source: SIAP, 2016.Carnation 339,368 335,902Gerbera 285,71290

Palm oil in Mexico: oil tropical cultivationThe preparation of food by cooking, as well as the manufacture of Originother non-food products, requires a continuous use of vegetable Palm oil is a perennial plant, productive from 2 to 28 years old, and it comes from the Gulfoils that originate in various agricultural crops, and palm oil is one of Guinea area in West Africa. The first plantations in Mexico were cultivated in Chiapas,of the most demanded. In Mexico, the humid tropical region of the during the 50’s of the last century.south-southeast has given rise to its establishment and Clusters of palm fruits come to weighpossibilities of growth. 70 kg. From a cluster in full maturity, up to 20% of its weight is extracted in raw oil.8 interesting facts Sowed surface Located in:regarding palm oil 49,582 ha Veracruz and Tabasco, in the Gulf.production Chiapas, in the Pacific. 90,118 ha Campeche, in the Peninsula. 20161 Oil is extracted from the fruit or“coyol”of the palm. 20102 Of the vegetable oils produced in the world, palm oil is the second State No farming most produced. Farming3 The extraction plants in the country work at medium capacity and Municipalities produce 107 thousand tonnes per year. 17 - 92 ha 114 - 587 ha4 Domestic demand is complemented by imports. 766 - 1,483 ha It is necessary to incorporate palm cultivation in at least 50,000 2,201 - 4,571 ha5 hectares to reduce imports. 5,565 - 8,211 ha 10,550 - 11,342 ha6 The oil extracted from the fruit pulp is known as“raw orredoil”.7 The oil extracted from its kernel is the so-called“palm kernel oil”. The qualities of palm oil are: antioxidant, rich in beta carotenes,8 balanced content of fatty acids and abundant in vitamins A, D and E. Fruit processing capacity per hour in extracting plants Palm Some uses kernel oil For cooking Bread and fried foods Pharmaceutical industry 30 t 20 t 10 t 6t Cosmetics Agroimsa Agroipsa Palmatica Aceitera Campechana Sociedad de Productores de Palma Crude Soaps and detergentsMapastepec, Chis. oil Palenque, Chis. Palenque, Chis. Escarcega, Camp. Jalapa, Tab. Greases and lubricants Propalma Aceites de Palma El Desengaño Bepasa Acapetahua, Chis. Acayucan, Ver. Villa Comaltitlan, Chis. Acapetahua, Chis. BiofuelsSource: SIAP, National Association of Manufacturers of Edible Oils and Butter (ANIAME) and the Mexican Council for the Development of Palm Oil (Comexpalma). Pet food 91

Guava From 2015 to 2016 the production of guava grew 5%, due Percentage of the production value by state to a larger harvested area in the main producing state. Michoacan is the leading producer at 2007-2016 National production volume the national level, since it generates (thousand tonnes) 147 thousand 286 tonnes, mainly under the irrigation modality. PArvoemraegdeio 294 Aguascalientes 32.0 268 Zacatecas 285 17.2 289 3052007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 291 295Top 10 in production volume Michoacán 298Main producing states 42.1 303 Rank State 294Volume (tonnes)Variation (%) Variations % 3092015-2016 National total 1 Michoacan 309,094 5.0 2 Aguascalientes 3 Zacatecas 147,286 7.7 4 Estado de Mexico 5 Jalisco 94,845 5.2 6 Guerrero 7 Guanajuato 46,708 -3.6 687 \"Belaz75710\" cargo trucks, which hold up to 450 tonnes each, would be needed 8 Durango to transport the total volume of guavas produced in Mexico during 2016. 9 Nayarit 11,054 11.9 10 Hidalgo 2,992 -11.2 Rest 2,511 3.0 716 0.3 521 -1.6 2016 InYideldicators Share in the national production of fruits 423 19.1 1.4% 399 9.1 1,638 15.2 Annual per capita consumption Area 2.23 .4 kg.2.5 Annual Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural 2015-2016 Million MXN price Thousand hectares Thousand Tonnes MXN AAGR 22 NA 22 tonnes 1,371 / hectare / tonne 2007-2016 309 4,434 1.8 NA 4.5 3.0 14.4 -0.8 NA -0.7 5.0 -1.9 0.4 1.6 2.8 2.3 1.2 Increase Decrease Does not applyNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableGuava is obtained all year round, but there is a slight increase in the months of October to December. 2.3 6.5 5.6 6.8 7.1 8.5 5.2 6.7 9.3 14.1 15.0 12.9 January February March April May June July August September October November December92

World ranking Guava1st India 5th Mexicoworld worldproducer producer18,431,330 tonnes 302,718 tonnes 2016 Foreign tradeThe leading nation in volume for this fruit Mexico contributes 3.9% to the worldgets four out of every 10 tonnes harvested. production of guava. 2015-2016 Variation (%)2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports ExportsThe country sells abroad 4% of its guava production. The foreign exchange obtained 1 12,056 12,055 -68.4 23.7for this concept amounts to 18.8 million USD. -24.5 28 Value 10,394 18,804,938 18,794,544Commercial origin-destination USD Increase DecreaseThe United States and Canada are the largest buyers of Mexican guava, since theyacquire 99.3% of the total volume exported. Buyer Main (Mexican Canada United Kingdom exports) Supplier 17,811,541* (Mexican USA imports) Importer and Exporter* USDThe United Kingdom, Spain, Germany, France, Holland and Sweden are suitable for the sale of Mexican guava. Adequate geographical characteristics for the productionForeign trade evolution (USD) 18,804,938 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 1,400 600 to 1,000 16 to 34 °C Loamy, silty and sandy-loamy soils are preferred; MASL mm deeper than 60 cm, pH of 4.5 - 8.2 12,999,707 14,694,508 11,109,955 11,813,5558,325,802 9,866,063 8,568,738 Zacatecas and Aguascalientes do not have the optimal conditions for the cultivation of guava; however, they produce it through the implementation of technologies.486,649 0 0 2,170 0 0 13,776 10,394 Exports 1,120,778 Imports 2015 2016 0 1 287 Importaciones2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%) Exportaciones Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.9 13.7 22.5 5.7 9.5 2.8 15.1 11.8Exports 9.4 7.2 8.0 7.6 8.4 5.4 6.3 5.8 5.5 8.9 11.6 15.9 Guava production potential 93

Tomato Domestic production grew 8.1% thanks to a 3kg Baja California Percentage of the production value by state increase in the yield per area unit, compared to 2015. 11.7 Sinaloa leads the list of producing states of 2007-2016 National production volume tomato with 27.6% of the national production; a (thousand tonnes) high proportion is cultivated under the concept of protected agriculture. PArovemraegdeio 2,574 Sinaloa San Luis Potosi 20.2 8.6 2,4252007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2,263 2,044Top 10 in production volume 2,278Main producing states 1,872 2,838RankStateVolume (tonnes)Variation (%) 2,6942015-2016 2,875 3,098National total3,349,1548.1 Variations % 3,349 1 Sinaloa 924,153 8.8 2 San Luis Potosi 306,621 38.4 The sown area of tomato in 2016, was equivalent 3 Michoacan 235,785 5.4 to 76 times the forest of Chapultepec. 4 Baja California 226,062 2.4 5 Zacatecas 191,654 32.0 6 Jalisco 158,232 -2.2 7 Baja California Sur 135,223 9.9 8 Sonora 128,038 -5.9 2016 InYideldicators Share in the national 9 Morelos 122,959 61.8 production of vegetables 10 Puebla 119,825 5.4 21.8% Rest 800,602 -3.2 Annual per capita consumption Area 14.3 kg.14.2 14.4 Annual Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural 2015-2016 Million MXN price Thousand hectares Thousand Tonnes MXN AAGR 52 1 51 tonnes 23,871 / hectare / tonne 2007-2016 3,349 7,128 2.5 -37.0 3.2 15.7 65.3 -2.7 -12.4 -2.6 8.1 8.4 7.0 3.7 4.7 6.4 4.6 Increase DecreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately availableThis vegetable is available all year long, although there is a greater volume in February and November. 6.4 11.4 9.1 6.6 7.4 8.4 5.5 7.0 8.6 10.3 11.8 7.5 January February March April May June July August September October November December94

World ranking Tomato1st China 10th Mexicoworld worldproducer producer52,586,860 tonnes 2,875,164 tonnes 2016 Foreign tradeThis great Asian country heads the global From the world production of this vegetable, 2015-2016 Variation (%)production of tomato; together with India, they Mexican tomatoes contribute 3.5 milliongenerate slightly more than 40% of the total. tonnes, equal to 2.1% of the total.2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports ValueThe 12% growth in tomato exports during the last year generated a trade surplus of 1,340 1,606,964 1,605,624 -81.9 12.31.549 billion USD. million USD 0.8 1,549.5 1,548.7 -95.7 13.3Commercial origin-destination Increase DecreaseThe commercial destination of red tomato is mainly the United States, as it acquires 99.7% of thevolume exported. Canada Buyer Main 1,542,690,363* Japan (Mexican USA exports) Supplier (Mexican imports) Importer and Exporter * USDThe United Kingdom and Holland, in Europe; and Russia, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia in Asia, are potential destinations for this vegetable.Foreign trade evolution (million USD) 1,549.5 Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 1,367.9 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 1,292.6 0 to 1,800 600 to 1,300 15 to 30 °C The optimum soils are light silts in deep grounds, MASL mm with a pH of 5.0 - 7.0 976.1 1,015.1 1,158.5 1,000.9 Tomato is produced in the regions with the appropriate geographical 677.4 732.4 characteristics, therefore, the states599.6 with the greatest production match the production potential areas.34.2 46.3 67.3 71 47.2 31.8 25.1 32.6 17.9 0.8 Exports Imports2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%)Exportaciones Importaciones Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 20.0 34.3 23.2 7.2 12.7 0.1 2.0Exports 9.0 12.1 12.5 10.7 8.8 7.2 5.1 5.5 6.1 7.4 8.1 7.5 Tomato production potential 95

Protected agriculture:developing crops by controlling environmental factorsMain cultivations Geographical distribution of protected agriculture Redtomato 1 in every 10 facilities are suited for the cultivation of germinated flowers and forage Cucumber 3 in every 10 facilities 6 in every 10 facilities are suited for the are suited for the cultivation of seedlings cultivation of vegetables Bell pepper Eggplant Ornamentals Source: SIAP.96

Protected agriculture: Sinaloa, national leading producerThe area of protected agriculture is that in which the development of crops is done Main municipalities of Sinaloa with Of the sevenunder plastic covers, net houses or other materials, and under controlled environmental protected agriculture, 2016 municipalities thatconditions such as temperature, humidity, light, and so on. In our country, this area totals practice this type40 thousand 862 hectares; 22.2% (more than 9 thousand ha) of these are located in Sinaloa,reason why the state is the national leader in this system of production. of agriculture, Culiacan and Municipa- Sowed Production Value of production Navolato combine lities surface obtained (million MXN) 90% of the planted area, production, Culiacán (ha) (t) and value of the Navolato production. Elota 4,812 514,515 2,847 Guasave 3,345 337,999 1,872 Mocorito Mazatlán 606 64,883 339 Escuinapa 217 15,709 88 Total 59 5,104 29 9 5 850 5 15 1,098 5,189 9,059 940,159Most employed type of PRODUCTION VALUE The red tomato or common protected agriculture tomato stands as the main The area planted with protected agriculture cultivation under the modality The use of net houses represents 0.7% of the total area sown in of protected agriculture inrepresents 78.3% of the the state; however, the production value Sinaloa, where 81% is practicedarea sown under cover. in net houses and the rest in represents 11.1%. 170 115 greenhouses. Area sown with protected agriculture of the main crops in 2016 (hectares) Greenhouse 254 42 286 366 473 243 15 6 1,372 617 2,107 44 269 1,174459 497 Net house 533 11 6 Eggplant Anaheim Bell pepper Chinese European Pickle Beefsteak Saladette Red cherry Red grape Others green chili -American cucumber tomato tomato tomato tomato CucumberNote: Data from 2016 agricultural year.Source: SIAP, Sagarpa, 2017.

Lettuce In 2016, better quotes were obtained than in 2015 regarding Baja California Percentage of the production value by state the producer price, a situation that allowed an increase of 8.7% 16.9 in the production value. Guanajuato is positioned as the undisputed leader with 24.6% of the national volume and 2007-2016 National production volume a value of 395 million MXN in 2016. (thousand tonnes) PArvoemraegdeio 361 2862007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Guanajuato Puebla 290 26.7 12.8 318Top 10 in production volume 341Main producing states Share in the national 370 production of vegetables 335Rank StateVolume (tonnes)Variation (%) 3812015-2016 2.9% 407National total 4381 Guanajuato439,8310.5 Variations % 4402 Zacatecas 3 Puebla 108,385 -4.0 4 Aguascalientes 5 Queretaro 82,706 8.4 6 Baja California 7 Michoacan 66,502 1.6 The volume of lettuce production is equivalent to 18 times the 8 Estado de Mexico weight of the Latin American Tower in Mexico City. 9 Tlaxcala 48,157 -8.0 10 Sonora 27,545 0.0 Rest 26,771 9.8 15,914 2.4 14,125 -2.0 2016 InYideldicators 11,812 1.8 11,215 12.9 26,698 -1.7 Area Annual per capita consumption Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural Million MXN price 2.6 kg.2.5 2.7 Annual Thousand hectares Thousand Tonnes MXN 2015-2016 20.6 0.5 20.1 tonnes 1,480 / hectare / tonne 440 3,364 AAGR -0.6 26.2 -1.1 8.7 21.9 2007-2016 4.7 8.9 4.6 0.5 10.6 8.1 4.9 1.6 0.2 5.4 Increase DecreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThe availability of this vegetable is distributed throughout the year, although the months of July and August stand out. 4.7 8.1 10.6 11.6 5.7 4.2 14.7 14.8 9.3 8.3 5.3 2.7January February March April May June July August September October November December98