Lịch Sử Tư Tưởng Việt Nam - Tập 5

["40. Xem Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1edbng, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Minh Th\u1ea3o: B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, S\u0111d, tr.161. 41. Xem \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p: T\u1ed5ng t\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u0103n, S\u0111d, tr.1099. 42. Xem \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p: T\u1ed5ng t\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u0103n, S\u0111d, tr.1101. 43. Xem Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1edbng, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Minh Th\u1ea3o: B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, S\u0111d, tr.161. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV \u00a0 \u00a0 T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG C\u0102N C\u1ee8 \u0110\u1ecaA, H\u1eacU PH\u01af\u01a0NG CHI\u1ebeN TRANH V\u00c0 T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG QU\u1ed0C PH\u00d2NG \u00a0 \u00a0 I- T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG C\u0102N C\u1ee8 \u0110\u1ecaA, H\u1eacU PH\u01af\u01a0NG CHI\u1ebeN TRANH \u00a0 \u00a0 C\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, n\u01a1i cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a cho chi\u1ebfn tranh, n\u01a1i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00e0o, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb x\u01b0a t\u1edbi nay, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu: \u00a0 \u00a0 1. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3, t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn, t\u1eeb ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u00a0 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u00a0 T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m coi tr\u1ecdng d\u00e2n, coi tr\u1ecdng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c d\u00e2n, \u201ctr\u1eadt thuy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft d\u00e2n nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc\\\", hay quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang\\\", \\\"C\u00f3 d\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3\u201d, \u201cD\u1ec5 tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu, kh\u00f3 v\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n d\u00e2n li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng xong\\\"..., h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u01b0a nay \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Sau khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 do ch\u00fang d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb, \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t, v\u01a1 v\u00e9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \\\"x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0103n h\u00f3a\\\" - nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi h\u00f2ng di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c \u00fd th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u00e1ch x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e8 n\u1eb7ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u00a0d\u1eb7m tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nhi\u1ec1u \\\"tai \u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ecbch h\u1ecda\\\" v\u00e0 t\u1eeb kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0103m th\u00f9 gi\u1eb7c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, cho d\u00f9 k\u1ebb x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb th\u00ec ch\u00fang v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n vi\u1ec7t Nam, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p s\u00e2u t\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch l\u0169y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 X, n\u1ea1n ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m, h\u1ecda \\\"vong th\u00e2n\\\", nh\u00e0 tan, n\u01b0\u1edbc https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","m\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u00f2ng bi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc ta th\u00e0nh qu\u1eadn, huy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Song d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a ch\u1ed1ng B\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho qu\u00e2n th\u00f9. Nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. Hai B\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 M\u00ea Linh, Chu Di\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng. Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Hai B\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng \u00e1ch \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 di\u1ec5n ra r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp, ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i qu\u00e2n th\u00f9, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng 65 huy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tri\u1ec7u Th\u1ecb Trinh c\u00f9ng anh l\u00e0 Tri\u1ec7u Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf n\u00fai N\u01b0a, B\u1ed3 \u0110i\u1ec1n, n\u01a1i qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n Ng\u00f4, c\u1edfi \u00e1ch n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. L\u00fd B\u00ed d\u1ef1a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Chu Di\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tri\u1ec7u Quang Ph\u1ee5c d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng Kho\u00e1i Ch\u00e2u (H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean), x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7m D\u1ea1 Tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n L\u01b0\u01a1ng. Mai Th\u00fac Loan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o d\u00e2n ch\u00fang qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Sa Nam l\u00e0m n\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebf, ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n ra B\u1eafc, h\u1ea1 th\u00e0nh T\u1ed1ng B\u00ecnh, gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. B\u1ed1 C\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00f9ng H\u01b0ng l\u1eadp c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e2m, n\u01a1i qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u1edd nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh T\u1ed1ng B\u00ecnh. Kh\u00fac Th\u1eeba D\u1ee5 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf c\u0103n c\u1ee9 H\u1ed3ng Ch\u00e2u (H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean) v\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m l\u00fac ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng suy y\u1ebfu, ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e1ch \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i bang. Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Lam S\u01a1n, bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u L\u00ea L\u1ee3i v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u00fai r\u1eebng Lam S\u01a1n l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, sau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Ngay t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi d\u1ef1ng c\u1edd kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i - https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e2n Minh h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, gian kh\u1ed5. V\u00ec v\u1eady, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i cho r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 Lam S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u nhen nh\u00f3m phong tr\u00e0o kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 Lam S\u01a1n h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f2a, \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ee3i. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh, m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu L\u00ea L\u1ee3i r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn trong v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng. Cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIV \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV, Lam S\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p. L\u00e0ng \u1edf Lo\u1ea1i S\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i khai hoang l\u1eadp \u1ea5p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ba \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a L\u00ea L\u1ee3i. Tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i l\u00e0 L\u00ea \u0110inh, r\u1ed3i cha l\u00e0 L\u00ea Kho\u00e1ng, c\u01a1 nghi\u1ec7p d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd L\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, con ch\u00e1u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f4ng, t\u00f4i t\u1edb ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Lam S\u01a1n ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 ngh\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng, ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1, ngh\u1ec1 r\u1eebng. Xung quanh Lam S\u01a1n th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u x\u00f3m l\u00e0ng thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n L\u01b0\u01a1ng Giang v\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n C\u1ed5 L\u00f4i, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i gia t\u1ed9c L\u00ea L\u1ee3i c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 g\u1eafn b\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tham gia H\u1ed9i th\u1ec1 L\u0169ng Nhai v\u1edbi L\u00ea L\u1ee3i... \u0110\u1ecba th\u1ebf mi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du Thanh H\u00f3a r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Lam S\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Lam S\u01a1n trong bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, khi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n non y\u1ebfu. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00fai r\u1eebng, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c v\u00e2y qu\u00e9t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau hao m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n sinh l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n Minh v\u00e0 khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat lui \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1423, khi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du Thanh H\u00f3a tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p. L\u00ea L\u1ee3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u00e1n tr\u1ee5 \u1edf v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai s\u1ebd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfn xu\u1ed1ng trung du v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n. Qua th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh Lam S\u01a1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00edch: Ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Ngh\u1ec7 An \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba m\u1edbi, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n th\u00f9. V\u00e0o n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef7 XVIII, cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a T\u00e2y S\u01a1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y S\u01a1n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 T\u00e2y S\u01a1n H\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ea1o, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a anh em Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9, r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, chi\u1ebfm th\u00e0nh Quy Nh\u01a1n. Ch\u1ec9 hai n\u0103m sau, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1773, qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i t\u1eeb B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi: Ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Nam \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n, ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n ra B\u1eafc ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e1nh tan c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Xi\u00eam v\u00e0 Thanh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0, c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 sinh ra, tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh; hai l\u00e0, uy t\u00edn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang; ba l\u00e0, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, theo s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn. B\u01b0\u1edbc sang th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00e0ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m b\u00f4n ba kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u1ecfi https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, th\u00e1ng 1-1941, l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn P\u00e1c P\u00f3, ch\u00e2u H\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng, t\u1ec9nh Cao B\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m \\\"\u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n doanh\\\" v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn t\u1ec9nh Cao B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Cao B\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Cao B\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i k\u1ec1 s\u00e1t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf li\u00ean l\u1ea1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb Cao B\u1eb1ng c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng n\u1eefa m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2026 V\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng Cao B\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Cao B\u1eb1ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u1ea1i bang v\u00e0 tay sai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0ng b\u1ea3n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c anh em \u1edf Cao B\u1eb1ng mang \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00e0 anh d\u0169ng, ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1eadt th\u00e0, ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1c, th\u1ee7y chung kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u00ec truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1ea5y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n l\u00ean g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, qua th\u1eed th\u00e1ch m\u00e0 l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba B\u1eafc S\u01a1n - V\u0169 Nhai. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Cao B\u1eb1ng, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba B\u1eafc S\u01a1n - V\u0169 Nhai l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea3ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. N\u0103m 1943, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb - \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a - S\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng - Y\u00ean S\u01a1n. C\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n nhau, th\u00e0nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn bao g\u1ed3m 6 t\u1ec9nh: Cao - B\u1eafc - L\u1ea1ng - H\u00e0 - Tuy\u00ean - Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. L\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u0111\u1ea3ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 du k\u00edch trang b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed th\u00f4 s\u01a1 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng lan r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng tho\u00e1t ly kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1edf c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3ng, M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang tho\u00e1t ly. Trong cao tr\u00e0o, nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed5 ra, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb x\u00e3, huy\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec9nh, r\u1ed3i khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, t\u1eeb ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \\\"\u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n doanh\\\" c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, k\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. Trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: Tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n, ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ea3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb (g\u1ed3m c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang), \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf v\u00f9ng sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, \u0110\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t khi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u1edbng https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m. Ngay sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd quay l\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn sau \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, sau c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Thu - \u0110\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc (1947), gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Cao - L\u1ea1ng (1950) v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh (1952), c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh trung du B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, s\u00e1t v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u00e0 trung du Li\u00ean khu III. C\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV, Li\u00ean khu V v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ta t\u1eeb B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Nam \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n 70% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 50% s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n. H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn l\u00e0m h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c khu du k\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 du k\u00edch \u1edf v\u00f9ng sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 du k\u00edch, c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"Trong v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 du k\u00edch ta gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 kho thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang trong b\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbch. Ta kh\u00e9o c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y th\u00ec gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd v\u1ee1 b\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ebft\\\". Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u00ednh quy v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam. Sau h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang mi\u1ec1n Nam t\u1eadp k\u1ebft ra mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tay sai M\u1ef9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u, ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u1edbi. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 6- 1956, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ra Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 b\u00e1n v\u0169 trang, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a; do v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1958, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u201cl\u00e0ng r\u1eebng\u201d \u1edf U Minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 Chi\u1ebfn khu \u0110, D\u01b0\u01a1ng Minh Ch\u00e2u, \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p M\u01b0\u1eddi, R\u1eebng S\u00e1c... \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c \\\"khu b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p\\\" \u1edf v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai Li\u00ean khu V c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n an to\u00e0n, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u0169 trang c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Sau \u0110\u1ed3ng kh\u1edfi, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, ho\u1eb7c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn. V\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba (chi\u1ebfn khu) t\u1eeb th\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n tr\u00ean t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n; v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n tr\u00ean t\u1eebng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. Li\u00ean khu V v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00ean t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba t\u1eeb Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn Li\u00ean khu V, T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, v\u00e2y quanh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n; c\u00f3 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","tuy\u1ebfn n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0, ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Hai l\u00e0, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Ba l\u00e0, tr\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba - h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. \u0110i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c khu du k\u00edch, c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u1eeb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 du k\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong chi\u1ebfn tranh. Sau khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn l\u00e0m h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 du k\u00edch \u1edf sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3, t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn, t\u1eeb ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00a0 \u00a0 2.D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1eebng n\u00fai \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng xu\u1ed1ng v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb - nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i gi\u00e0u s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u00a0 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u00a0 Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb x\u01b0a t\u1edbi nay \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang - qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a - kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111a ph\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Do v\u1eady, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n (c\u1ea3 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng) v\u1edbi \u1edf \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, m\u1ed7i khi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do, \u00f4ng cha ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \\\"\u0111\u1ea5t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n\\\" c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f2a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ee3i, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, khi th\u00ec ch\u1ecdn r\u1eebng n\u00fai, khi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u01a1i hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb r\u1eebng n\u00fai ti\u1ebfn xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, khai th\u00e1c s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Th\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng B\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c, Hai B\u00e0 Tr\u01b0ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai C\u1ea5m Kh\u00ea (Ba V\u00ec) l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e1n; Tri\u1ec7u Vi\u1ec7t V\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea7m D\u1ea1 Tr\u1ea1ch, m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea7m n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7y lau s\u1eady hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf \u1edf Kho\u00e1i Ch\u00e2u (H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean) ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1edbp th\u1eddi c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i qu\u00e2n L\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u00f9ng H\u01b0ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e2m (S\u01a1n T\u00e2y) m\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn. Mai Th\u00fac Loan d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai v\u00f9ng Sa Nam (Ngh\u1ec7 An) x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng T\u1ed1ng B\u00ecnh, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00fai r\u1eebng hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u1ea5y n\u00fai V\u0169 Quang (H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh) l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a; H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n r\u1eebng n\u00fai x\u1ee9 Thanh; \u0110inh C\u00f4ng Tr\u00e1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 H\u00f9ng L\u0129nh (Thanh H\u00f3a). Tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du T\u00e2y B\u1eafc c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Quang B\u00edch, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef, Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u00ecnh Kinh c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf H\u1eefu L\u0169ng (L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n)... B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ec7n Thu\u1eadt \u1edf B\u00e3i S\u1eady (H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean). T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u01a1i hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, n\u01a1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbch y\u1ebfu, n\u01a1i qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p; nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, khi nhu c\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, th\u00ec ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba xu\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Lam S\u01a1n do L\u00ea L\u1ee3i v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Lam S\u01a1n \u1edf n\u00fai r\u1eebng Thanh H\u00f3a, sau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u1eebng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb Thanh H\u00f3a tr\u1edf v\u00e0o. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a T\u00e2y S\u01a1n do Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c, Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n L\u1eef l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf n\u00fai r\u1eebng B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf v\u00f9ng trung du v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec1n Trung, t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Lam S\u01a1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Trong nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng cha ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft d\u1ef1ng \\\"\u0111\u1ea5t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n\\\" \u1edf v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. Nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng vi\u1ebft: \u201cNgh\u0129a k\u1ef3 nh\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u1edbng trung nguy\u00ean ch\u1ec9, Mi\u1ebfu to\u00e1n ti\u00ean tri \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh\\\" (M\u1ed9t khi c\u1edd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng). https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1941, l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn Cao B\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u; ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn v\u00f9ng B\u1eafc S\u01a1n - V\u0169 Nhai m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00edt n\u0103m, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan ra c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, g\u1ed3m s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh g\u1ea7n v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t - Trung. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u00e0 trung du, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh, lui c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng s\u1edbm, v\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1ecfng, y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch. Trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng 30 n\u0103m ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 (1945-1975), quan \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n (c\u1ea3 r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. V\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o, v\u00ec n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm 90% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1ch \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 phong ki\u1ebfn, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ta r\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5 c\u1ef1c, n\u00ean r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tha v\u1edbi kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111i theo \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n ta v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch y\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u01a1 h\u1edf - \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi k\u1ebb x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n th\u00e0nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u00ec m\u1edbi b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. Trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1eebng n\u00fai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecbch y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 s\u01a1 h\u1edf, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u1ed7 m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ngay trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1eebng n\u00fai l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng tuy \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf nh\u01b0 \u1edf v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi giao th\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c coi tr\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a ta l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c tranh th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tham gia kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh, m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng xung y\u1ebfu g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi ph\u00e1 tan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m m\u01b0u b\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"d\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t\\\", \\\"l\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfn tranh nu\u00f4i chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" hay chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n th\u00f9. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc\u2026Nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh xuy\u00ean m\u0169i d\u00f9i v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c bao v\u00e2y. Nh\u01b0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 li\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft gi\u1eef v\u1eefng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5y... n\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u00e1nh ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch, trong ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u1edf r\u1eebng n\u00fai m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng\u201d1. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ra s\u1ee9c gi\u1eef v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV, Li\u00ean khu V, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng; gi\u1eef v\u1eefng c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u1edf mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Nam B\u1ed9. Ngay t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1953, t\u01b0\u1edbng Nava c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn: \u201cTrong 7.000 l\u00e0ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 5.000 l\u00e0ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u do Vi\u1ec7t Minh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u201d2. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y, v\u00ec c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u1edf ngay trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u1ed1n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Tuy v\u1eady, ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, trong th\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1eebng n\u00fai, song kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u1ecf r\u01a1i tr\u1eadn tuy\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng duy tr\u00ec, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5u tranh l\u00e0m r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecbch. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam, do \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u00e1c li\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9. T\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 ba v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, c\u1ea3 \u1edf r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba - v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o so s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch, tr\u00ean t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u00fai, n\u01a1i hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. \u1ede v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai, \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 (chi\u1ebfn khu) t\u1eeb th\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, ta c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9... \u1ede v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra v\u00f9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ph\u00e1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch khai th\u00e1c nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 n\u1eb1m s\u00e1t tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng. \u1ede s\u00e2u trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u201cc\u0103n c\u1ee9 l\u00f5m\\\" l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ec9 huy, c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \\\"c\u0103n c\u1ee9 l\u00f5m\\\" \u0110\u00e1 M\u1eb7n n\u1eb1m s\u00e1t s\u00e2n bay N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam - \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng c\u1ee7a l\u00ednh th\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ed9 M\u1ef9. C\u00e1c \\\"c\u0103n c\u1ee9 l\u00f5m\\\" https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho c\u00e1c v\u00e0nh \u0111ai di\u1ec7t M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 Chu Lai, C\u1ee7 Chi, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ee9c\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9. Trong khi n\u00eau cao v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n th\u00ec trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh, nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc cao. Phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng vang l\u1edbn. M\u1ecdi bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft s\u1ebd l\u00e0m r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ngay t\u1ea1i s\u00e0o huy\u1ec7t, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c coi tr\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb. C\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb th\u00ec khi c\u00f3 th\u1eddi c\u01a1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u1ed5i d\u1eady t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1ea1i s\u00e0o huy\u1ec7t k\u1ebb th\u00f9. Trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1edf ngay trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ec9 huy, n\u01a1i gi\u1ea5u c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u1ea5u qu\u00e2n, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1edbn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh di\u1ec5n ra trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u1ea3 \u1edf r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong c\u1ea3 hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. D\u1ef1a ch\u1eafc v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1eebng n\u00fai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn, m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf c\u1ea3 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00a0 \u00a0 3. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i v\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc; tranh th\u1ee7 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u00a0 \u00a0 \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, xa c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbch, r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 li\u00ean ho\u00e0n trong t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ch\u00ednh (trung t\u00e2m), kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a cho chi\u1ebfn tranh. Trong chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi \u0111\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \\\"l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n\\\" h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, th\u00ec c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eeba l\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIII, v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ba cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c M\u00f4ng - Nguy\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111\u00f4 Th\u0103ng Long v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu, khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai n\u0103m 1285. D\u1ef1 t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u00f3, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 Thi\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1eddng (Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh) v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y\u00ean (Ninh B\u00ecnh), nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1ed9, n\u01a1i qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Hoan - \u00c1i (Thanh H\u00f3a v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec7 An), n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ngay trong gian kh\u00f3, vua Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0m th\u01a1 r\u1eb1ng: \\\"C\u1ed1i K\u00ea c\u1ef1u s\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n tu k\u00fd, Hoan Di\u1ec5n do t\u1ed3n th\u1eadp v\u1ea1n binh\\\" (C\u1ed1i K\u00ea chuy\u1ec7n c\u0169 ch\u1eafc ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f2n nh\u1edb, ch\u00e2u Hoan v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Di\u1ec5n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n). Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, khi l\u00e2m https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","nguy, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1a an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh v\u1eeba ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1edd th\u1eddi c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Lam S\u01a1n, trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai Thanh H\u00f3a, n\u01a1ingh\u0129a qu\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1424, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng sang \u0111\u1ea5t Ngh\u1ec7 An, r\u1ed3i v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 ph\u00eda Nam t\u1eeb Thanh H\u00f3a v\u00e0o t\u1eadn T\u00e2n B\u00ecnh, Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a. C\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1426, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Lam S\u01a1n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1m l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a n\u00fai r\u1eebng Thanh H\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Tuy r\u1eb1ng, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e2n Minh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1eef trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4, T\u00e2y \u0110\u00f4, Ngh\u1ec7 An, X\u01b0\u01a1ng Giang, Ch\u00ed Linh, C\u1ed5 L\u1ecdng, Tam Giang, \u0110i\u00eau Di\u00eau, Th\u1ecb C\u1ea7u, Kh\u00e2u \u00d4n,... v\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc nh\u00e0 Minh \u0111ang r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u1ec7n binh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a sang c\u1ee9u nguy cho \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng L\u00ea L\u1ee3i v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5ng tri. \u1ede mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai \u0111\u1eb7t quan th\u1ee7 ng\u1eef, \u0111o\u00e0n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ban ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e1c t\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c. L\u00ea L\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng. L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafm s\u1eeda v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i c\u00f2n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00f3 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i to l\u1edbn, \u0111\u01b0a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m khai th\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, ph\u00e1t huy cao \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn nh\u1eb1m x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u0169 trang t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean; ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean thanh th\u1ebf ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng n\u1ed5i d\u1eady gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. Trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, ngo\u00e0i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV, Li\u00ean khu V v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 du k\u00edch \u1edf v\u00f9ng sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch. Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chi vi\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u00ednh quy, \u0111i t\u1eeb th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c. Trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta l\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1edbi h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1ea3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1edbi t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt ch\u00fa \u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 n\u00ean khi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ee9c d\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ebfn khi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 t\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean 50% l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean... \u1ede v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng do ta l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, mang \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u1edbi, thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9. Hai l\u00e0, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Ba l\u00e0, m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u0103n b\u1ea3n chia l\u00e0m \\\"hai \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c\\\" l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Do \u0111\u00f3, Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u0103ng kh\u00edt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. T\u1eeb th\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, ngay khi c\u00f2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t - Trung \u0111\u1ec3 tranh th\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 chi https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc anh em \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi hai n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh v\u1edbi nhau ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 chung l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u1ede L\u00e0o, b\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tay sai \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb khi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 ra s\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng L\u00e0o. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o \u201cgi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 gi\u00fap m\u00ecnh\\\", Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n L\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba - v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u00fap L\u00e0o m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf hai b\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng, d\u1ef1a l\u01b0ng v\u00e0o nhau. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tuy\u1ebfn giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f4ng - t\u00e2y Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n, n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, t\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia. V\u1edbi Campuchia, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam tranh th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trung l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam thu mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3ng Xihan\u00facvin \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n Gianx\u01a1n Xity c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1967. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 chi vi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Campuchia \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng; v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 thu mua t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nam B\u1ed9. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, li\u00ean minh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1eefa ba n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam - L\u00e0o - Campuchia d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a l\u01b0ng v\u00e0o nhau, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3 ba n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam. H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00f2n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a hai n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng. N\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1edbi h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia, l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n \u0111\u00f4ng - t\u00e2y Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean ho\u00e0n, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tranh th\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t huy trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 d\u00e2n, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh t\u1ebf h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 tranh th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc anh em, b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n n\u0103m ch\u00e2u. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Ch\u00fang ta d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc anh em \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1eb7c M\u1ef9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f3 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, bao g\u1ed3m h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung v\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1eadu https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3i tr\u00ean lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n to l\u1edbn. \u00a0 \u00a0 4. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00f3, trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ecdi th\u1eed th\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 chi vi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, bi\u1ebfn h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta, l\u00e0m cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, s\u1ef1 v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd. Nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","V\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, trong khi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi coi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam coi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u; b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3. Tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00fd th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh cho r\u1eb1ng: \\\"L\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng to l\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng ai th\u1eafng n\u1ed5i\u201d. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed9i dung. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ra s\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u00e2ng cao l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, y\u00eau ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u00ed c\u0103m th\u00f9 gi\u1eb7c v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng; \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tham gia m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng; lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3ng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eadp trung, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m tham m\u01b0u cho phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0110\u1ea3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i ra s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i li\u00ean minh c\u00f4ng n\u00f4ng, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed ph\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng... c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng; th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ee9c, mang l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n - c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Trong hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb - t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Nh\u1edd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung v\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. V\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n coi tr\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c v\u0169 trang to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ba th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm, c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang m\u1edf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng, ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o t\u1eadn s\u00e0o huy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9. Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi trung \u0111\u1ea1i (t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV), x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang n\u00f3i ri\u00eang theo ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"ng\u1ee5 binh \u01b0 n\u00f4ng\\\"; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \\\"g\u1eedi binh trong n\u00f4ng\\\", g\u1eafn gi\u1eefa \\\"vi\u1ec7c binh\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cvi\u1ec7c n\u00f4ng\u201d, \u0111\u1ec3 tac\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. K\u1ebf th\u1eeba truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3, trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang m\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ba th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd: ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, ra s\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c tinh nhu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","ng\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u00e1t ly s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf. Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e0ng leo thang, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ra ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong t\u1eebng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean ho\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ea3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0ng, x\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, l\u00e0m cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kho t\u00e0ng v\u1eadt t\u01b0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang trong c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm, c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t, ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch... c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng, ph\u00f2ng h\u00f3a, ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e2m l\u00fd, chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7p, v.v.. V\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e2u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m, \u00f4ng cha ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eeba c\u00e0y ru\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c; \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ch\u0103m lo s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u00edch tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n con em m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00f4ng binh, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfn tranh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (c\u1ea3 \u1edf h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chung v\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7), th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn tranh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh. Kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, l\u00e0m cho t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. C\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1edbi thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c n\u00eau cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c uy t\u00edn, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi, l\u00e0m cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e0ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111i t\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. T\u00f9y theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u1edf t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kinh t\u1ebf cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang; nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng tranh th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 trang b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 trong c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh. Khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n n\u00eau cao tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c c\u00e1nh sinh l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tranh th\u1ee7 t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, h\u1ee3p l\u00fd s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf... https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa hai m\u1eb7t \u201cx\u00e2y\\\" v\u00e0 \\\"ch\u1ed1ng\u201d, nh\u01b0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201cPh\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ta; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch\u201d4, l\u00e0m cho kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ta kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh, kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng suy y\u1ebfu\u201d. Trong hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1eb1m khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch phong tr\u00e0o t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n; \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd; b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, v\u1eeba lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 nhu c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ee9c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3. \u0110i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi \u00e2m m\u01b0u bao v\u00e2y, c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9; v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ta, v\u1eeba h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. V\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, th\u00ec x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung quan tr\u1ecdng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng; l\u00e0m cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc h\u01a1n. V\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, do \u0111\u00f3 \\\"v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn\\\"5. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch t\u00e0n t\u00edch v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngu d\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i do \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m \\\"d\u00e2n https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","t\u1ed9c, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang\u201d, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \\\"n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi\\\" trong m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t sinh ho\u1ea1t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \\\"gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3i, gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c d\u1ed1t v\u00e0 gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m\\\". D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean to\u00e0n d\u00e2n tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n phong tr\u00e0o b\u1ed5 t\u00fac v\u0103n h\u00f3a, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, y\u00eau ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n; quan t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p y t\u1ebf, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n; t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ec1 cao tinh th\u1ea7n \u201cnh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1m s\u1ebb \u00e1o\u201d cho nhau trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n; th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o thi \u0111ua y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp, m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p, m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh; n\u00eau cao ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ed1c h\u1ebft tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc... L\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n \u1edf c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, \u1edf h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbnc\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, h\u0103ng h\u00e1i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u; m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eb1m g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi - ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n, do d\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00ec d\u00e2n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c (1945 - 1975) c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi - ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ngay trong chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u1ebft th\u00fac. \u00a0 \u00a0 5. V\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u00a0 \u00a0 Trong kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng hay trong chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, do t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u ta k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ecbch, n\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i uy hi\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch, l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, \u00e1c li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n th\u00f9; v\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba. Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n khi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf v\u00f9ng qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, tuy ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf h\u1eb9p nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n h\u00f2a, \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ee3i. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba. Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Lam S\u01a1n, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"v\u1eeba c\u00e0y ru\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c\\\", v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf n\u00fai r\u1eebng Thanh H\u00f3a v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec7 An. T\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Lam S\u01a1n, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i giao cho hai cha con Ng\u00f4 Kinh, Ng\u00f4 T\u1eeb, qu\u00ea \u1edf Y\u00ean Phong (Y\u00ean \u0110\u1ecbnh) qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trang tr\u1ea1i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, ch\u0103m lo s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t binh l\u01b0\u01a1ng; Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u00f4i v\u00e0 V\u00f5 Uy, hai t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 t\u00ean trong H\u1ed9i th\u1ec1 L\u0169ng Nhai t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e0y ru\u1ed9ng, cung \u1ee9ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khai hoang, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cung c\u1ea5p cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0103n, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong v\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00edch tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i c\u00f2n cho \u0111\u1eafp l\u0169y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Lam S\u01a1n. L\u0169y Lam S\u01a1n hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"L\u0169y vua L\u00ea\\\" ch\u1ea1y d\u00e0i theo t\u1ea3 ng\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng Chu, qua Dao X\u00e1, H\u00e0o L\u01b0\u01a1ng xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eadn Y\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1eddng (Th\u1ecd Xu\u00e2n). Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u, qu\u00e2n Minh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh, c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t, nh\u1eb1m ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp k\u00edch, ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","m\u00ecnh. Khi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Nam, c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Lam S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ee7 qu\u00e2n b\u1ed9, qu\u00e2n th\u1ee7y, voi chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n - c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb Thanh H\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i c\u00f2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"v\u1eeba c\u00e0y ru\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c\\\". T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110inh L\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n s\u0129 khai ph\u00e1 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf hai b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng La; t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n Bi\u00ean c\u0169ng khai hoang m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"v\u0169ng voi \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00faa\\\" \u1edf g\u1ea7n qu\u00ea nh\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. Xung quanh c\u00e1c doanh tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3n l\u0169y \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u1ea9n hoang, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u00f2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3n l\u0169y \u1edf c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ed7 Gia (H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n cho B\u1ed9 tham m\u01b0u kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. \u0110\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Lam S\u01a1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u00e0ng lo x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ed9 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc th\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, ngay t\u1eeb khi c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 B\u1eafc S\u01a1n - V\u0169 Nhai v\u00e0 Cao B\u1eb1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t, h\u00f2ng tri\u1ec7t ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ng https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do kh\u00e1c, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 du k\u00edch \u1edf v\u00f9ng sau l\u01b0ng ch\u00fang. Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 b\u00e8 l\u0169 tay sai lu\u00f4n coi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c s\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Ch\u00fang ra s\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee3t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee3t kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed5 t\u00fac,\u2026coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" . M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c sang L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 uy hi\u1ebfp tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u00f2ng l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 chi vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, h\u00f2ng c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 chi vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam. Ch\u00fang t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh lang v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng \u00e2m m\u01b0u ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb an, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng \u00fd ch\u00ed chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","V\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u00e1ng l-1975 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ed1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbch, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 binh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp k\u00edch b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec7t k\u00edch, b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean ra ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7, m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 bao h\u00e0m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 g\u1eafn v\u1edbi t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 thu h\u1eb9p h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, bi\u1ebfn h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta; m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, s\u1ebd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c v\u01a1 v\u00e9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"l\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfn tranh nu\u00f4i chi\u1ebfn tranh, d\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. Qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba. Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a ta l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do khi b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 du k\u00edch v\u00e0 khu du k\u00edch kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f2n h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00ec ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p. Trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta c\u00e0ng quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","chi\u1ebfn, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1...m\u00e0 c\u00f2n uy hi\u1ebfp tinh th\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ch\u00fang c\u00f2n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ra mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng, s\u01a1 t\u00e1n; v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eeba duy tr\u00ec s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. M\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh sang th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 anh d\u0169ng \u0111\u1eadp tan c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1, c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t, l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm... c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n th\u00f9, lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung quan tr\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn tranh y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Trong chi\u1ebfn tranh 30 n\u0103m, \u0110\u1ea3ng, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00ean t\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i n\u1ed1i h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn, n\u1ed1i h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u00a0 II- T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG QU\u1ed0C PH\u00d2NG \u00a0 \u00a0 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u01b0 duy, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t giai c\u1ea5p, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i, c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hay c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tham gia l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ec9 huy, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, huy \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. Do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba - ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 do ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m, n\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00a0 \u00a0 1. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng trong c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i phong ki\u1ebfn \u00a0 a, Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ngay t\u1eeb th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh Ngay t\u1eeb bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 lo ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1eeba ra \u0111\u1eddi, tuy c\u00f2n s\u01a1 khai, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 lo vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7, ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i bang x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng. An D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng, vua n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c2u L\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y Loa Th\u00e0nh ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kinh \u0111\u00f4. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00e0nh C\u1ed5 Loa v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed cung n\u1ecf, ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kinh \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a An D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u00c2u L\u1ea1c. T\u1eeb sau khi l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 \u00e1ch \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a phong ki\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc, gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Ng\u00f4, \u0110inh, Ti\u1ec1n L\u00ea, L\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n, H\u1ed3, L\u00ea, M\u1ea1c, T\u00e2y S\u01a1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp nhau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. K\u1ebb th\u00f9 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng chung bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec1 cao c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 hai m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng - \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc minh qu\u00e2n, hi\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ed s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t cao. Nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y khi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, ngay t\u1eeb trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9, l\u1eddi r\u0103n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 th\u01a1 v\u0103n, b\u00e0i h\u1ecbch, nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb vua s\u00e1ng, t\u00f4i hi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau l\u00ean nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn, l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan t\u00e2m. C\u00e1c vua L\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n, L\u00ea \u0111\u1ec1u ban chi\u1ebfu, d\u1ee5 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf qu\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n, t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3 khi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khi c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh. Trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0110o\u1ea1t s\u00e1o Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n Quang Kh\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ngay sau khi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eafng qu\u00e2n M\u00f4ng - Nguy\u00ean n\u0103m 1285 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \\\"Th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh tu tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c, v\u1ea1n c\u1ed5 th\u1eed giang san\\\", c\u00f3 \u00fd nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng: Th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh m\u00e0 g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c tu r\u00e8n tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c th\u00ec m\u1edbi gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giang s\u01a1n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi6. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9: d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u0103m 1300, vua Tr\u1ea7n Anh T\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n \u1ed1m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qua kh\u1ecfi, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec7nh, lo l\u1eafng h\u1ecfi: \\\"Ch\u1eb3ng may ch\u1ebft, gi\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc l\u1ea1i sang th\u00ec k\u1ebf l\u00e0m sao?\\\"7. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i lo th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua, v\u00ec hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m lu\u00f4n r\u00ecnh r\u1eadp, uy hi\u1ebfp t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc. Sau khi \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng gi\u1eb7c Minh, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, L\u00ea Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5, v\u1ecb vua d\u1ef1ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i L\u00ea S\u01a1, trong l\u00fac kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n \u0111i kinh l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean \u1ea3i ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. Trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n kinh l\u00fd, nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i th\u01a1 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \\\"Bi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng h\u1ea3o v\u1ecb tr\u00f9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c, x\u00e3 t\u1eafc \u01b0ng tu k\u1ebf c\u1eedu an\u201d, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i lo k\u1ebf l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. V\u00e0 k\u1ebf l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u0103m lo ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00f5 b\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a..., nh\u01b0 s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t s\u1eed k\u00fd to\u00e0n th\u01b0 ch\u00e9p: \\\"Vua l\u00ean ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c l\u1ec5 nh\u1ea1c, m\u1edf khoa thi, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea5m v\u1ec7, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quan ch\u1ee9c, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ph\u1ee7 huy\u1ec7n, m\u1edf mang tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u1ebf xa r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf mang c\u01a1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eady\\\"8. V\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i xa, vua L\u00ea Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean di ch\u00fac cho con ch\u00e1u \u0111\u1eddi sau ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \\\"lo gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb khi ch\u01b0a nguy\\\". Ngay c\u1ea3 khi chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1eeba k\u1ebft th\u00fac hay s\u1eafp k\u1ebft th\u00fac, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 lo ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a hi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00fang l\u00fac qu\u00e2n T\u1ed1ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh tan t\u00e1c \u1edf b\u1edd b\u1eafc s\u00f4ng Nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec7t (l077), L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \\\"d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n h\u00f2a, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1, kh\u1ecfi https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","t\u1ed1n x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4ng mi\u1ebfu x\u00e3 t\u1eafc\\\"9. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang tr\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n T\u1ed1ng, bu\u1ed9c Qu\u00e1ch Qu\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \\\"c\u1ea7u h\u00f2a\\\" m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng cho bao binh l\u00ednh, gi\u1eef th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n cho \\\"thi\u00ean tri\u1ec1u\u201d, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a hi\u1ebfu d\u00e0i l\u00e2u v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng. Th\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n, sau kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u00f4ng - Nguy\u00ean th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 duy tr\u00ec ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean, th\u1ea3 t\u00f9 binh, c\u1ea5p thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0103n cho v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV, khi qu\u00e2n Minh \u0111\u00e3 \\\"ch\u00ed c\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c ki\u1ec7t\\\", ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7n binh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh tan, L\u00ea L\u1ee3i v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Minh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed9i th\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng Quan v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ng\u1ef1a, c\u1ea5p thuy\u1ec1n, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o cho b\u1ecdn V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 10 v\u1ea1n t\u00f9 binh v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eeba ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ta, v\u1eebath\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn; \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft trong B\u00ecnh Ng\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng: \u201cNgh\u0129 v\u00ec k\u1ebf l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, Tha k\u1ebb h\u00e0ng m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n s\u0129 binh, S\u1eeda h\u00f2a hi\u1ebfu cho hai n\u01b0\u1edbc, T\u1eaft mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\"11. Vua Quang Trung t\u1ea1i Tam \u0110i\u1ec7p, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra l\u1ec7nh m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh tan qu\u00e2n Thanh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Th\u0103ng Long, \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t quan h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Thanh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ba qu\u00e2n, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i: \\\"L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ta ra th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n. Ch\u1eb3ng qua m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thanh. Nh\u01b0ng ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, sau khi b\u1ecb thua m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn, \u1eaft l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m th\u1eb9n m\u00e0 lo m\u01b0u b\u00e1o th\u00f9. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c binh \u0111ao kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd d\u1ee9t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00fac cho d\u00e2n, n\u1ee1 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e9o l\u1eddi l\u1ebd m\u1edbi d\u1eb9p n\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 Th\u00ec Nh\u1eadm th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u1edd m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m n\u1eefa, cho ta y\u00ean \u1ed5n m\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u qu\u00e2n m\u1ea1nh, th\u00ec ta c\u00f3 s\u1ee3 g\u00ec ch\u00fang?\\\"11. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, trong t\u01b0 duy, trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean lo ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u1ebf l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ea1n ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, n\u00ean c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i, ngay c\u1ea3 khi v\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, cho d\u00e2n gi\u00e0u, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1nh, qu\u1ed1c ph\u00fa, binh c\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng m\u1ecdi k\u1ebb th\u00f9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. b) Ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc (t\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng) l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t x\u01b0a n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u1ee9 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3. S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea3o di ch\u00ed l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eddi Nguy\u00ean ch\u00e9p: \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc Giao Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4ng, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3ng, ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau\u201d v\u00e0 \\\"\u0111\u1ea5t Giao Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u00ec, thi\u1ebfc, ng\u00e0 voi, l\u00f4ng chim tr\u1ea3, nh\u1ee5c qu\u1ebf, cau, v.v...\\\"12. S\u00e1ch An Nam ch\u00ed nguy\u00ean ch\u00e9p: \\\"\u0110\u1ea5t Giao Ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u00fai v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt qu\u00fd\\\", \\\"\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u m\u1ee1, c\u1ea5y l\u00faa, tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e2u v\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch nghi c\u1ea3...Mu\u1ed1i th\u00ec tr\u1eafng nh\u01b0 tuy\u1ebft. C\u00e1nh chim tr\u1ea3 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecf t\u00eda \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft. V\u00e0ng th\u00ec s\u1eb5n \u1edf ch\u00e2u Ph\u00fa L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng Uy\u00ean. H\u1ea1t trai s\u00e1ng th\u00ec s\u1eb5n \u1edf c\u00e1c x\u1ee9 T\u0129nh An v\u00e0 V\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3n. C\u00f2n san h\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3i m\u1ed3i th\u00ec s\u1eb5n trong bi\u1ec3n...\\\"13. S\u1eed c\u0169 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: \\\"N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9i \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam, ru\u1ed9ng c\u1ea5y l\u00faa t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e2u t\u1ed1t, n\u00fai s\u1eb5n v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c, bi\u1ec3n s\u1eb5n ch\u00e2u ng\u1ecdc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\\\"14. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb9p, l\u1ea1i \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi c\u1eb7p m\u1eaft nh\u00f2m ng\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i qua th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 kh\u00e1c. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed gia Phan Huy Ch\u00fa kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t nh\u01b0 sau: \\\"C\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng phong ph\u00fa \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i xa, n\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eb7t ra qu\u1eadn huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 cai tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i. L\u00fac ch\u01b0a l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec ngh\u0129 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y, khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu b\u1ecf ra n\u1eefa\\\"15. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb minh qu\u00e2n khi tr\u1ecb https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. Vua L\u00fd Anh T\u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eb7n th\u00e1i t\u1eed thay m\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eb1ng: \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam non s\u00f4ng g\u1ea5m v\u00f3c, nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i tu\u1ea5n ki\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea5t thi\u00eang, ch\u00e2u ng\u1ecdc, b\u1ea3o b\u1ed1i... kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o v\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Con n\u00ean gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn\\\"16. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng th\u1eddi L\u00fd - Tr\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n cao \u0111\u1ed9 trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m, S\u1eed gia Phan Huy Ch\u00fa vi\u1ebft: \u201cC\u00e1i chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng d\u1eb9p qu\u00e2n Chi\u00eam, ph\u00e1 qu\u00e2n T\u1ed1ng; c\u00e1i oai h\u00f9ng ba l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n Nguy\u00ean, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho bi\u1ebft binh l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a hai \u0111\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecbnh th\u1ebf n\u00e0o\\\"17. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb th\u1eddi L\u00fd, do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 L\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \\\"ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t ch\u1ebf nh\u00e2n\\\" v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf s\u00f4ng Nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam m\u1edbi m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc th\u00ec m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi suy y\u1ebfu\u201d18. V\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan t\u00e2m chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1282, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n M\u00f4ng - Nguy\u00ean n\u1ed5 ra 3 n\u0103m, v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 lo ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Vua Tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb B\u00ecnh Than - h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7u, qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh cao c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1nh hay ph\u00f2ng, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u1ea5y, H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o V\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u1ecbch k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c. \u00d4ng nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u0103m lo hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n binh s\u0129, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00f4ng mi\u1ebfu x\u00e3 t\u1eafc, m\u1ed3 m\u1ea3 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e1i \u1ea5p, b\u1ed5ng l\u1ed9c, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u1ee3 con v\u00e0 danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u1edbng. D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 C\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u00e0 vua th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i kinh l\u00fd c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o, v\u1ebd b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf n\u00fai s\u00f4ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia, nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, chia \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u1ed9 - tr\u1ea5n - ch\u00e2u, c\u1eed quan cai qu\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean vi\u1ec5n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u0103m 1469, vua L\u00ea Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng cho ban h\u00e0nh B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc chia th\u00e0nh 12 \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1eeba tuy\u00ean, ghi r\u00f5 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, n\u00fai s\u00f4ng, bi\u1ec3n https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u L\u00ea. Nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f2n c\u1eafm m\u1ed1c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 1435, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i so\u1ea1n xong s\u00e1ch D\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ed, ghi ch\u00e9p r\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng phu di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o n\u00fai s\u00f4ng, t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u00ean l\u00e0ng, th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng, th\u1ee7y v\u0103n, s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ef1c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vua L\u00ea Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua anh minh, t\u00e0i tr\u00ed, \u0111\u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi L\u00ea S\u01a1. Nh\u00e0 vua lu\u00f4n th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t, ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai, th\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cha \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i; x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef g\u00ecn bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c gia; th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, ch\u1ee9c ph\u1eadn trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n t\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i: \\\"M\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00fai, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5c s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ta l\u1ebd n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf? C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft tranh bi\u1ec7n, ch\u1edb cho h\u1ecd l\u1ea5n d\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nghe, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai s\u1ee9 sang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ngay gian. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111em m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00fai, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5 l\u00e0m m\u1ed3i cho gi\u1eb7c th\u00ec t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i tru di\\\"19. D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn, \\\"trung qu\u00e2n \u00e1i qu\u1ed1c\\\" l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 y\u00eau vua, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 vua v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng trong th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng trung qu\u00e2n \u00e1i qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng: v\u00ec nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc phong ki\u1ebfn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a vua v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y quan l\u1ea1i, do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edch c\u1ef1c: tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh phong ki\u1ebfn lu\u00f4n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c gia, x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch thi\u1ebft th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0o n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, khi nh\u00e0 vua \u00fd th\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eb7t https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","l\u00ean tr\u00ean quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i qu\u1ed1c gia, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an ninh n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh phong ki\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 quay sang h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea3n ngh\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda, m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc phong ki\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. c) Mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103m lo v\u00f5 b\u1ecb, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, ch\u1ecdn d\u0169ng t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ecfi, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khoan th\u01b0 s\u1ee9c d\u00e2n, \u0111em ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc trong d\u00e2n Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7. Khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c2u L\u1ea1c, An D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fa \u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh C\u1ed5 Loa l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 - ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n cung n\u1ecf l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 X, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc phong ki\u1ebfn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec1u quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c, b\u1edfi theo quan ni\u1ec7m: qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n ngo\u1ea1i bang \u0111e d\u1ecda x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trung t\u00e2m qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 - ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV. Vua L\u00fd Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng l\u00fac l\u00e2m chung \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n d\u1eb7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh: \u201cN\u00ean s\u1eeda sang gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd, ch\u1edb l\u00e0m sai l\u1eddi ta, d\u00f9 nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng di h\u1eadn\u201d20. \u00d4ng cha ta th\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n lu\u00f4n coi \\\"vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia\\\" v\u00e0 \\\"qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\\\". Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \\\"c\u1ed1t tinh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t \u0111\u00f4ng\\\"; ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb - tinh th\u1ea7n; tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 gi\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","B\u1eafc th\u00ec theo \u00f4ng \\\"ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ecfi\\\", \\\"c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng nh\u01b0 cha con th\u00ec m\u1edbi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d21. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV, bi\u1ebft qu\u00e2n Minh s\u1eafp sang x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, H\u1ed3 Qu\u00fd Ly \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf \u00fd lo l\u1eafng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3: \\\"Ta l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u0103m v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c B\u1eafc\\\"22. Trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Quan duy\u1ec7t th\u1ea5y tr\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i vi\u1ebft l\u00fac h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \\\"Y\u00ean r\u1ed3i c\u00f2n ngh\u0129 chuy\u1ec7n binh nhung\u201d, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c binh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 - ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u1eddi qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 bu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb vua ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129, khi\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb binh l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho chi\u1ebfn tranh. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb minh qu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n c\u01a1 nh\u01b0: b\u1ea1t d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u1eadp gi\u1ea3ng v\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7u, qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c, t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ecdc binh th\u01b0, h\u1ecdc binh ph\u00e1p... Gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV, ch\u00ednh l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecb, vua L\u00ea Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf: \\\"Ph\u00e0m c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea5t c\u00f3 v\u00f5 b\u1ecb\\\" v\u00e0 ra ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee5 khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u0129, binh l\u00ednh, h\u00e3y n\u0103ng luy\u1ec7n r\u00e8n v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"ng\u1ee5 binh \u01b0 n\u00f4ng\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u L\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 L\u00ea S\u01a1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ghi t\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111inh nam \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o \\\"s\u1ed5 qu\u00e2n\\\" \u0111\u1ec3 khi c\u1ea7n th\u00ec g\u1ecdi nh\u1eadp ng\u0169; nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng chia qu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean, thay nhau \u1edf l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n ng\u0169 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u00fac l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0103n. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn qu\u00e2n s\u0129 khi c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c th\u00ec g\u1ecdi nh\u1eadp ng\u0169, khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c th\u00ec \u1edf nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, gi\u1eefa n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 binh th\u1eddi qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc phong ki\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e2n d\u00e2n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e0ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb vua Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u201cch\u00fang ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh\u201d. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi vua Tr\u1ea7n Anh T\u00f4ng r\u1eb1ng: \\\"\u0110\u1eddi \u0110inh - L\u00ea d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam m\u1edbi m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc th\u00ec m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi suy y\u1ebfu, tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng, l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng chia, x\u00e2y th\u00e0nh B\u00ecnh L\u1ed7 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eb7c T\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi... M\u1edbi r\u1ed3i Toa \u0110\u00f4, \u00d4 M\u00e3 Nhi b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t bao v\u00e2y, v\u00ec vua t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m, anh em h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c, gi\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft... V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, khoan th\u01b0 s\u1ee9c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m k\u1ebf s\u00e2u r\u1ec5 b\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc\\\"23. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n - nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIII, ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng lao l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u1ea3 ba l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u00f4ng - Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00d4ng lu\u00f4n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t; vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c d\u00e2n, tranh th\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 \\\"k\u1ebf s\u00e2u r\u1ec5 b\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c\\\", l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n l\u00fd m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c, quan l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1eefng l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c m\u1ed7i khi ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n d\u00e2n tham gia. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 h\u0103m d\u1ecda l\u00e1o x\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a vua Nguy\u1ec5n r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1eadp n\u00e1t th\u00e0nh Th\u0103ng Long, s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o T\u1eed K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 hi\u00ean ngang n\u00f3i: \\\"Th\u00e0nh Th\u0103ng Long kia ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng k\u1ebb tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp v\u1eb7t, ph\u00e1 tan n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 g\u00ec. C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i k\u1ebb th\u00f9 t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ef1c \u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a th\u00e0nh v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 n\u00fai kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d24. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tr\u00ean v\u0169 \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p phong ki\u1ebfn trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \\\"d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n\\\" th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc phong ki\u1ebfn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed1i \u00a0quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean h\u1ee3p t\u01b0\u1edbng - qu\u00e2n - d\u00e2n. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1eddi Th\u1ea7n. T\u1eeb t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eafp c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn. Tuy v\u1eady, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n song song hai lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng coi tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec1 cao m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh quy h\u00f3a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trung \u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1nh, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. Hai t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi nhau, song c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn t\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia. \u00a0 2. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u00a0 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u00a0 Sau cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a non tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c coi tr\u1ecdng. Trong b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n ng\u00e0y 2- 9-1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam quy\u1ebft \u0111em t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u1ea5y\\\"25. S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e1t sao v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh trong \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m - t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, li\u00ean minh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. a) Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u1ecf lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u00f9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u00f3 s\u1edf d\u0129 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u1ebb vang l\u00e0 do s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed3ng n\u00e0n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t coi tr\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 \\\"t\u1eadn d\u00e2n vi binh\\\", \\\"b\u00e1ch tinh giai binh\\\", \u201cto\u00e0n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 l\u00ednh\\\", \\\"d\u0129 d\u00e2n vi b\u1ea3n\\\", \\\"c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc chung s\u1ee9c\u201d, \\\"c\u1eed qu\u1ed1c ngh\u00eanh \u0111\u1ecbch\\\"... n\u00ean c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i L\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n, L\u00ea S\u01a1...\u0111\u00e3 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb th\u00f9 hung b\u1ea1o. S\u1eed gia Phan Huy Ch\u00fa nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \\\"Th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ai c\u0169ng l\u00e0 binh, cho n\u00ean m\u1edbi ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eb7c d\u1eef. Th\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u1eady\\\". L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc cay \u0111\u1eafng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i xa d\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3, nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp thu truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed; t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng lu\u00f4n coi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u00fd lu\u1eadn qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i chung c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. Sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng non tr\u1ebb. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i do to\u00e0n d\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang tham gia th\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. Khi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u1eeba n\u1ed5 s\u00fang x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 (23-9-1945), Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh ng\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh th\u1ea7n hy sinh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u00eam 19- 12-1946. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n, tin \u1edf s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft th\u00fac th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i (7-1954), mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 quy c\u1ee7, tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ef1 cai qu\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 tay sai. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh m\u1edbi, l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 gian kh\u1ed5 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tay sai \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, nh\u1eb1m th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u1ec1n, c\u00e1i g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ra ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i ra s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, \u0111\u01b0a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c \\\"x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 12 c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng h\u1ecdp th\u00e1ng 3-1957. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o trong Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft l\u00e0 tr\u00edch c\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng\\\", x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p to l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn an ninh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Cho n\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m to\u00e0n d\u00e2n l\u00e0m qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00eau r\u00f5: \\\"Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ta, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ta. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ta, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ta. Ai x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ta, \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ta, ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ecd, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i hay vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m\u201d26. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng 30 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc - k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc. Tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u m\u1edbi - s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc - k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh quy tinh nhu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 x\u00e2m https:\/\/thuviensach.vn"]