Baikhari Nepali Book class 6

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k|fSsyg efiff lzIf0f ug{' eg]sf] ljBfyL{x¿sf] pd]/cg';f/sf] ;g' fO, af]nfO, k9fO / n]vfO l;ksf] ljsf; u/fpg' xf] . efiffsf oL rf/ cf]6f l;k ljsf;sf] Pp6f ;f]kfg xG' 5 . cyf{t\\ ;xL 9ª\\un] ;'g]kl5 dfq ;xL 9ª\\un] af]Ng ;lsG5 / ;xL 9ª\\un] k9]kl5 dfq ;xL 9ª\\un] n]Vg ;lsG5 . efiffsf oL rf/ cf]6f l;kdWo] sg' } Pp6f l;ksf] ljsf; ;xL 9ª\\un] xg' ;s]g eg] ljBfyL{sf] ;du| efiff g} sdhf]/ xg' hfG5 . hg' ljBfyL{sf] efiff sdhf]/ xG' 5, :jfefljs ¿kdf p;sf cGo ljifox¿sf] l;sfO klg k|efljt x'G5 lsgeg] ljBfno txdf l;Sgk' g]{ clwsfz+ ljifox¿ efiffsf dfWodaf6} l;Sgk' g]{ x'G5 . …j}v/LÚ l;sfO;DaGwL pko'{lNnlvt s/' fx¿nfO{ cfTd;ft\\ u/]/ tof/ ul/Psf] efiff lzIf0fsf] PsLs[t kf7\\ok':tsx¿sf] z[ª\\vnf xf] . oL kf7\\ok':tsx¿df /flvPsf ;fdu|Lx¿ efiff lzIf0fsf cfwf/e\"t l;4fGtdfly cfwfl/t 5g\\ / ltgLx¿sf] ljGof;j|mddf ljBfyL{sf] pd]/, dgf]lj1fg, jftfj/0f / kj\" {1fgsf] Vofn ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} kf7sf ¿kdf ;d]l6Psf sltko ljifoj:tx' ¿ tQt\\ txsf cGo ljifosf kf7\\oj|md;Fu klg ;DalGwt 5g\\ t/ ltgLx¿nfO{ efiff lzIf0fsf] l;4fGtcGtu{t Jojl:yt ul/Psf] 5 . To;}n] o; z[ª\\vnfsf kf7\\ok:' tsnfO{ k|of]u u/]/ ul/g] efiff lzIf0fn] ljBfyL{sf] efiff l;sfO Jojl:yt / k|efjsf/L x'g] s'/fdf xfdL ljZj:t 5f}F . cGTodf k/f, kZoGtL, dWodf / j}v/L u/L efiffsf rf/ cf]6f ¿k xg' ] s/' f j}lbs ;flxTodf pNn]v 5 . efiffsf oL rf/ ¿kdWo] af]nLsf ¿kdf k|s6 x'g] efiff¿k g} …j}v/LÚxf] . ljBfyL{sf] k|s[6Ls[t efiff ;zSt agf];\\ eGg] x]t'n] tof/ ul/Psf] k|:t't z[ª\\vnf;Fu ;Da4 ;a} kIfnfO{ wGojfb 6qm\\ofpg rfxG5' . kf7\\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|sf] gofF kf7\\oqmdcg';f/ tof/ kfl/Psf] o; k':tsdf kf7\\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|sf] ;Nnfx / ;'emfjnfO{ ;d]t cfTdf;ft ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} cfpFbf lbgdf o;sf k|of]Stf tyf lj1x¿af6 o;nfO{ cem q'l6xLg / :t/Lo agfpg cfjZos ;e' mfjx¿ k|fKt xg' ] cfzf ub{5' . n]vs tyf ;Dkfbs @)&& r}q

ljifo;\"rL sljtf ! lgaGw kf7– ! l/; syf kf7– @ tkf]lgi7 Clif / v}/] s's'/ lr7L kf7– # cGwfcGwL u'kmf hLjgL kf7– $ lr7L rk]6f syf kf7– % c/lgsf] ¿ks kf7– ^ 7u ;dfltof] lgaGw kf7– & lstfa pkof]uL ls kqklqsf sljtf kf7– * d]/f] lxdfnL ;f}Gbo{ kf7– ( To} a]nfb]lv g]kfnL lgj]bg kf7– !) afns x/fPsf] ;\"rgf hLjgL kf7– !! z}lIfs e|d0fsf nflu lgj]bg sljtf kf7– !@ rfnL{ Rofklng gf6s kf7– !# OR5f lgaGw kf7– !$ xf?gsf] d'/nL syf kf7– !% l;+xM s]xL tYo kf7– !^ Odfgbf/Lsf] hfFr

kf7– ! l/; jv} /L sIff ^ 1

kj\" k{ 7g != tnsf cg'xf/sf lrq x]gx'{ f];\\ . tL lrqn] s:tf] cj:yfnfO{ a'emfPsf 5g\\ < n]Vgx' f;] \\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ hflg/fVgk' g{] s]xL zAbfyx{ ¿ lg/fzf M cfzfsf] cefjÙ cfzf dfg]{ sfo{ lrGtf M lk/Ù ;t' f{Ù lkmqmL cfZro{ M gofF, cgf}7f] / cb\\et' j:t' jf b[Zo b]Vbf dgdf p7\\g] efjÙ pb]s cfwf/e\"t M cfwf/ ePsf] ;j+ ]u M cfj]u :tgkfoL M dfp jf cfdfsf] b'w vfP/ x's{g] lt/:sf/ M x]nf jz M lgoGq0fÙ cwLgÙ sAhfÙ sfa' dlt M al' 4 ju] M zL3| ultÙ l56f] rfn t:dft\\ M To;y{ w}o{ M wL/tfÙ ;xgzLntf If0f M cfFVff lemDsfpGh]nsf] ;doÙ lgd]if 2 jv} /L sIff ^

;'gfO / af]nfO !=  % ;'Ggx' f;] \\ / l7s zAbdf /h] f nufpgx' f];\\ M -s_ l/; ljz]if u/L :tgkfoL÷;/L;[k k|f0fLdf b]vfkg]{ u'0f xf] . -v_ l/; Pp6f cfwf/e\"t ;+ju] ÷;o+ fu] eP klg o;sf] dfqf a9\\b} uPkl5 cfkm\"nfO{ jf c¿nfO{ kmfObf÷xflg u5{ . -u_ l/; p7]sf] a]nf lgDgfg;' f/sf] sfo{ u/] l/;nfO{ sd ug{ jf lgoGq0f÷lgb]{zg ug{ ;3fp k¥' ofpF5 . @=  % ;'g]sf cfwf/df pQ/ eGgx' f;] \\ M -s_ l/; eg]sf] s] xf] < -v_ dfG5]nfO{ lsg l/; p7\\5 < -u_ dfG5] l/;fPsf] s'/f s;/L yfxf xG' 5 < -3_ l/; a9\\b} uPkl5 s] xG' 5 < -ª_ l/; lgoGq0f ug{ s] s] ug{'k5{ < #= tkfO{F klg slxn]sfxLF l/;fpg'x'G5 xf]nf . tkfOn{F fO{ l/; p7g\\ ] sf/0f s] s] x'g\\ < tkfO{nF fO{ l/; p7]kl5 s] s] ugx{' G' 5 < atfpgx' f];\\ . j}v/L sIff ^ 3

k9fO l/; – rqmkfl0f rfln;] l/; xf] ;asf] zq' l/;n] ;a gfl;g] l/;}n] p7\\5 emu8f l/;}n] ;a dfl;g] ..!.. l/;fxfsf] s'g} ldq /xFb}g hut\\e/ l/;fxf;Fusf] d]n x'G5 Tof] 8/sf] 3/ ..@.. l/;sf] jzdf k/L s}of}Fsf] wg;DklQ p8]sf] b]Vb5f}F xfdL 3'Db} 5g\\ tL otfplt ..#.. hlt l/; u¥of] plQ a9L cfpF5 Tof] clt lau|Fb} hfG5 To;n] ;bf dflg;sf] dlt ..$.. 4 j}v/L sIff ^

cflv/ l/;sf] j]u yfld;Sg' ge}sg l/;fxfnfO{ ;xh} yfN5 leq hnfpg ..%.. t:dft\\ gug'{ slxNo} l/; dflg;n] s;} IfdfzLn ag] ldN5 ;v' zflGt htftt} ..^.. So} u/L l/;sf] j]u p7]df w}o{ nLsg otfplt ljrf/]/ r'k e} a; So} If0f ..&.. j}v/L sIff ^ 5

k9fO != dflysf] sljtf tnsf] lgb]{zgcg;' f/ no xfnL k9g\\ 'xf;] \\ M -s_ sIffsf ;a} hgf p7]/ -v_ sIffnfO{ b'O{ ;d\"x agfP/ -u_ Pp6} a]Grsf ;fyLx¿;Fu -3_ PSn} #= Ps jfSodf pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\\ M -s_ l/;n] s] xG' 5 < -v_ l/;fxfl;tsf] ldqtf s] x'G5 < -u_ l/;n] s] lau|G5 < -3_ l/;sf] j]u yfDg g;s]kl5 s] xG' 5 < -ª_ xfdLn] slxNo} ug{ gxg' ] s/' f s] xf] < -r_ s]xL u/L l/; pl7xfNof] eg] s] ug'{k5{ < #= cfzo ldNg] u/L …sÚ / …vÚ sf] hf8] f ldnfpg'xf];\\ M -s_ -v_ l/;fxfsf] w}o{ lnP/ Psl5g r'krfk a:g'k5{ . l/;sf] jzdf k/L ;+;f/df sf]xL klg ldq x'Fb}g . l/; hlt u¥of] ;v' zflGt ldN5 . IfdfzLn ag] s}of}Fsf] wg;DklQ p8]sf] 5 . l/; p7]df plt a9\\b} hfG5 . $= tnsf] kf7 k9\\gx' f;] \\ / a'ems] f s'/f eGgx' f];\\ M ;'vL /xfF} ™ ;w}F /fd|f s/' f ;f]rf}F . ™ lgoldt Jofofd u/f}F . ™ :jf:Yos/ vfgf vfcf}+ . ™ s8f ldlxg]t u/f}F . ™ ;w}F alnof] /xf}F . ™ sd lrGtf u/f}F . ™ w]/} gfrf}F . clg ™ ;a}nfO{ dfof u/f}F . ™ ;w}F ;v' L /xf}F . 6 j}v/L sIff ^

k9fO / nv] fO != tnsf] kf7 k9\\gx' f;] \\ / ;fl] wPsf k|Zgx¿f] pQ/ n]Vgx' f];\\ M g]kfn g]kfn eh\" l8t /fi6« xf] . Pl;of dxfb]zdf cjl:yt of] b]z xfd|f] hGde\"ld klg xf] . rLg / ef/t Pl;of dxfb]zsf bO' { 7n' f /fi6«x¿ xg' \\ . oL bO' { b]zsf lardf g]kfn /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn k|frLg sfnb]lv g} :jtGq /fi6«sf ¿kdf ljZj;fd' kl/lrt 5 . g]kfnsf] blIf0ftkm{ t/fO{ dw];df km}lnPsf ;dy/ kmfF6 5g\\ . g]kfn pQ/tkm{ ;]tf lxdfn / dWo efudf kxf8sf xl/of t/]nLdf ;lhPsf] 5 . ;ofF} hfthflt / cg]sfF} wd{;:+ s[ltdf afFl8Psf eP klg g]kfnLx¿df xfdL Ps xf}F eGg] efjgf ljsl;t 5 . k|fs[lts ¿kdf klg ljZjs} Pp6f ;G' b/ b]zsf ¿kdf lrlgPsf] o; /fi6«sf afl;Gbfx¿ ldlxg]tL / :jfledfgL 5g\\ . Oltxf;b]lv g} jL/jL/ªu\\ gf hGdfpg] oxL /fi6« zflGtsf b\"t uf}td a'4sf] hGde\"ld klg xf] . ;'Gb/ b]z g]kfn x/]s g]kfnLx¿sf] Oltxf; xf]Ù jt{dfg / eljio klg xf] . To;}n] xfdL g]kfnL eGg]x¿n] g]kfnsf] pGgltsf nflu of]ubfg ug{'k5{ . kZ| gx¿ -s_ g]kfn s:tf] /fi6« xf] < -v_ g]kfnLx¿ s:tf 5g\\ < -u_ g]kfnsf] pGgltsf nflu s] ug{'k5{ < -3_ dflysf] kf7af6 lgDgfg';f/sf bO' { b'O{ cf]6f zAbx¿ l6Kg'xf];\\ M -c_ /]km nfu]sf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -cf_ rGb|laGb' nfu]sf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -O_ / ;Fu hf]l8Psf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -O{_ cfwf if nfu]sf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= dflysf] kf7sf] klxnf] cgR' 5b] >'ltn]vg ug'{xf];\\ . j}v/L sIff ^ 7

n]vfO != dflysf] sljtfaf6 cfwf cIf/ nfus] f cf7 cf]6f zAbx¿ /fdf| cIf/df ;fgx'{ f;] \\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= uBdf nV] gx' f;] \\ M -s_ l/;fxfsf] s'g} ldq /xFb}g hut\\e/ -v_ lauF|b} hfG5 To;n] ;bf dflg;sf] dlt -u_ IfdfzLn ag] ldN5 ;v' zflGt htftt} #= 56' ]sf zAb e/L sljtfsf] Znfs] k/\" f ug'{xf];\\ M l/;sf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ k/L s}of}Fsf] wg;DklQ p8]sf] b]Vb5f}F xfdL ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ tL otfplt .. So} u/L l/;sf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ p7]df ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ nLsg otfplt ljrf/]/ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ e} a; So} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . $= lt;rfln; zAbdf efj lj:tf/ ug{'xf];\\ M hlt l/; u¥of] plQ a9L cfpF5 Tof] clt lau|Fb} hfG5 To;n] ;bf dflg;sf] dlt . %= …l/;Ú sljtfdf elgPsf s/' f ;f7L;Q/L zAbdf n]Vg'xf];\\ . ^= tnsf cj:yfdf tkfO{F s] s] ug{'xG' 5 < b'O{ bO' { jfSodf atfpgx' f];\\ M -s_ v';L x'Fbf -v_ 8/ nfUbf -u_ bM' vL x'Fbf -3_ l/; p7\\bf -ª_ xfF;f] p7\\bf 8 jv} /L sIff ^

zAbe08f/ != tnsf zAb / cys{ f] hf8] f ldnfpgx' f;] \\ M zAb cy{ cfwf/e\"t dfp jf cfdfsf] bw' vfP/ x's{g] :tgkfoL cfFvf lemDSofpGh]n nfUg] ;do j]u cfwf/ ePsf] If0f cgf7} f] / cbe\\ t' j:t' jf bZ[ o bV] bf dgdf p7g\\ ] efj cfZro{ zL3| ultÙ l56f] rfn @= tnsf lgbz]{ gfg';f/ ug'{xf];\\ M -s_ …zq'Ú sf] p:t} cy{ lbg] zAbdf uf]nf] 3]/f nufpgx' f];\\ M -v_ …ldqÚ sf] p:t} cy{ lbg] zAbdf /]hf nufpgx' f];\\ M -u_ …hut\\Ú sf] p:t} cy{ lbg] zAbdf /]vfª\\sg ug'{xf];\\ M -3_ …l/;Ú sf] p:t} cy{ lbg] zAbdl' g jqm/]vf - _ sf]g{'xf];\\ M -ª_ …jzÚ sf] p:t} cy{ lbg] zAbnfO{ rf}sf]; - _ leq /fVgx' f];\\ M ;fyL cfqmf]z ;bf cwLg ;+;f/ emu8f j}/L qmf]w 8/ b':dg sAhf ;o\" { w}o{ cflv/ ;ª\\uL #= tnsf df6] f zAbsf 7fpdF f l/; sljtfaf6 ldNg] zAb /fvL k'gnv]{ g ug{x' f;] \\ M -s_ xl/ ;wF} xfdLnfO{ ljZjf; u5{ . -v_ ltdLx¿sf] snxn] d]/f] 6fpsf] vfof] . -u_ dnfO{ c;kmn eOG5 eGg] clnslt klg eo 5}g . -3_ hLjgdf ;xgzLntflagf cl3 a9\\g sl7g 5 . -ª_ cGTodf xfdL ;a} kf]v/f hfg] g} eof}F . $= tnsf zAbx¿nfO{ cy{ vN' g] u/L jfSodf ko| fu] ugx{' f];\\ M cfZro{, lg/fzf, lt/:sf/, b'Mv, xfF;f] jv} /L sIff ^ 9

Jofs/0f / j0f{ljGof; ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ != vfnL 7fpFdf lgDgfg;' f/sf gfdx¿ n]Vgx' f;] \\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -s_ g]kfnsf rf/ cf]6f lxdfnsf gfd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ g]kfnsf rf/ cf]6f gbLsf gfd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ g]kfnsf rf/ cf]6f ;x/sf gfd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ g]kfnsf rf/ cf]6f rf8kj{sf gfd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ g]kfndf kfOg] rf/ cf]6f k|f0fLsf gfd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -r_ g]kfndf v]lng] rf/ cf]6f v]nsf gfd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -5_ g]kfnsf rf/ hgf snfsf/sf gfd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -h_ g]kfnsf rf/ hgf v]nf8Lsf gfd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= tnsf gfdx¿ /fvL jfSo agfpgx' f];\\ M tfFtL, ayfg, x'n, bM' v, ul/aL, ;Eotf 10 j}v/L sIff ^

#= tnsf uf9f cIf/df n]lvPsf gfdsf 7fpdF f l7s ;jg{ fd /fvL k'gn]{vg ug{'xf;] \\ M -s_ efO 3/ uof] . efOn] vfgf vfof] . efO 3/ uof] . p;n] vfgf vfof] . -v_ efGhL !@ jif{sL l5g\\ . efGhL sIff ^ df k9\\l5g\\ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ aa' f ahf/ hfg'xG' 5 . aa' f Jofkf/ ug'{xG' 5 . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ ;fyLn] ldlxg]t u¥of] . ;fyL sIffdf k|yd eof] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ sljn] sljtf n]v] . sljn] sljtf ;'gfP . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= tnsf] kf7 k9\\g'xf];\\ / ;j{gfd lrg]/ uf]nf] 3/] f nufpgx' f;] \\ M dlxdf u?' df sIffdf k:ge' of] . pxfFn] eGg'eof], æef]ln labf xf] . laxfg ltdLx¿ s] s] u5f}{ xF <Æ /fwfn] xft p7fO{ / egL, æd afaf;Fu s]vf{ ahf/ hfG5' .Æ /lbkmn] eGof], æxfdL t kl/jf/ g} ef]ln dfdf3/ hfG5f}F .Æ nlntn] ;f]wL, æu?' df tkfO{F rflxF s] ug{'xG' 5 .Æ %= pko'Qm ;jg{ fd /fvL jfSo k\"/f ug'x{ f;] \\ M tkfO{F -s_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 3/d} a;]sf 5f}F . tF -v_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;a}nfO{ 9fF6\\5;\\ . xfdL -u_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cfh oxfF cfpFl5g\\ . pm -3_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ lgs} la/fdL ePsL 5] . pgL -ª_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ slxn] kms{gx' 'G5 < jv} /L sIff ^ 11

^= ;jg{ fd;Fu ldNg] lqmofsf] hf8] f ldnfpg'xf];\\ / ;fg{'xf;] \\ M -s_ d la:tf/} lxF8\\5 . -s_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ ltdL lgs} l/;fpge' Psf] 5 . -v_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ pxfF 1fgL 5g\\ . -u_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ pm cln yfs]sf] 5' . -3_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ pgL s'lxPsf /x]5g\\ . -ª_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -r_ tL af]nSs8 eP5f} . -4_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ &= uf9f cIf/n] nl] vPsf gfdsf ;66\\ fdf sf]i7ssf ;j{gfd /fvL kg' nv{] g ugx'{ f;] \\ M -s_ 3/ gofF 5 . -of]_ of] gofF 5 . -v_ s6] fx¿ ldlxg]tL 5g\\ . -oL_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ 8f8F f] cUnf] 5 . -Tof]_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ uxgfx¿ dxª\\uf /x]5g\\ . -tL_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ *= tnsf ;jg{ fd /fvL jfSo agfpg'xf];\\ M xfdL tkfO{F pm tF pgL pgLx¿ (= tnsf] kf7 k9\\g'xf;] \\ / x:| j Osf/ - l _ nfu]sf zAb l6Kgx' f;] \\ M l/; Ps lsl;dsf] ;+j]u xf] . l/;nfO{ ;a}n] lgoGq0f ug'{k5{ cGoyf o;n] xflg u5{ . l/; b]vfpg] dfG5]nfO{ l/;fxf elgG5 . o:tf dfG5]sf] ldq x'Fb}gg\\ . o:tf dfG5]sf efudf ;'v / zflGt xF'b}g . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ !)= tnsf zAbx¿ cz4' 5g\\ . z4' kf/L ;fgx{' f;] \\ M -s_ O{gf/, aLxfg, ;Lsf/, jL/f6\\, jLjfx, eL8, bLj;, sLgf/, kL/f, vL/ -v_ afxL/, dfgL;, u/La, ;xLb, sf]kLnf -u_ dfyL, kf/L, kgL, obL, utL 12 jv} /L sIff ^

;d\"xdf efiff != tkfO{sF f] 5p] sf] ;fyLnfO{ tnsf kZ| gx¿ ;fW] g'xf];\\ / p;n] lbPsf] pQ/ Wofgk\"j{s ;'Gg'xf];\\ . tkfOF{ klg tkfO{Fsf] ;fyLnfO{ oL k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ eGg'xf];\\ M -s_ ltd|f] hGd sxfF / slxn] ePsf] xf] < -v_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ ltdLn] 3'd]sf g]kfnsf 7fpFx¿dWo] ;aeGbf dg kg]{ 7fpF sg' xf] < -3_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ ltdL k'Ug g;s]sf] t/ hfg rfx]sf] 7fpF sg' xf] < -r_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -5_ ltdLnfO{ dg kg]{ g]kfnL snfsf/ sf] x'g\\ < -h_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -em_ ltdL sg' s/' fdf g]kfnL ePsfdf uj{ u5f}{ < -`_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= tLg jf rf/ hgfsf] ;d\"xdf a;/] g]kfn;Fu ;DalGwt s/' fx¿ nv] L tflnsf egx{' f];\\ M k|b]z lhNnf hflt ;x/ lxdfn gbL ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ j}v/L sIff ^ 13

l;hg{ f÷n3' kl/of]hgf != tnsf] vfnL 7fpdF f g]kfnsf] emG8f agfO{ tkfOF{nfO{ dg kg]{ Pp6f /fli6«o uLt nV] g'xf;] \\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= tnsf ;r\" gf;dt] /fvL g]kfnsf af/d] f sDtLdf !)) zAbdf j0f{g ug'{xf];\\ M ™ Pl;of dxfb]z ™ lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{ ™ ef/t / rLg l5d]sL dn' 's ™ ;jf]{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyf ™ /fhwfgL ;x/ sf7df8f}F ™ afx'g, If]qL, g]jf/, du/, ™ @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg;' f/ u?' ª, /fO{, lnDa,\" ofbj, @,^$,($,%)$ hg;ª\\Vof yf?, 7fs/' cflbsf] a;f]af; 14 j}v/L sIff ^

kf7– @ tkf]lgi6 Clif / v}/] ss' /' jv} /L sIff ^ 15

kj\" {k7g õ tn k/' f0fdf jl0ft{ Clifx¿ 5g\\ . pgLx¿sf] gfd n]Vgx' f;] \\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -gf/b, jfNdLls, b|f]0ffrfo{, Jof;_ õ dflysf Clifx¿sf af/]df tkfO{FnfO{ s] yfxf 5 < cfk\"mn] hfgs] f] s/' f atfpg'xf;] \\ . hflg/fVg'kg{] s]xL zAbfyx{ ¿ tkf]lgi6 M tk:ofdf nfu]sf] df+;fxf/L M df5fdf;' vfg] cf>d M Clifd'lgx¿ a:gsf nflu /Qmlkkf;' M /ut lkpg] a8]dfg M Psbd} 7'nf] hª\\undf agfOPsf] s'6L sGbd\"n M g/f]kLsg df6fd'lg kmn]sf] kmn /vjf/L M /]vb]vÙ kx/f lbP/ x]g]{ sfd x[i6ki' 6 M alnof]afª\\uf], anjfg\\ eoªs\\ / M 8/nfUbf] emD6g' M xdnf ug'{ kxf/ tfKg' M 3fd tfKg' st[ £g M u/]sf] pksf/ gb]Vg]Ù a}ug' L dQf xfQL M efn] xfQL z/e M lxdfndf x'g] l;x+ eGbf :ofpnf M kft;Fusf ?vsf xfFuf sz] /L l;x+ M 3fF6Ldf nfdf nfdf /f}F ePsf] l;x+ klg alnof] elgPsf] ;]/fk] m] /f] M kl/kl/ Ps kz'Ù k/' f0fk|l;4 lgwS{ s M s'g} 8/ qf;lagf cf7v6\\6] kz' 16 jv} /L sIff ^

;'gfO÷afn] fO !=  @ ;g' ]/ tnsf jfSodf /x]sf vfnL 7fpF eg{'xf];\\ M -s_ dxfsfJosf /rgfsf/ dxlif{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ xg' \\ . -v_ …dxfef/tÚdf dn\" tM sf}/j / kf08jsf] kfl/jfl/s ;DaGw / ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ syf 5 . -u_ oxfF y'k|} yk' |} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ syf 5g\\ . -3_ b]jj|t / pgsf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ syf 5 . -ª_ o'4 / To;n] lgDTofpg] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ syf 5 . @=  @ sf cfwf/df hf]8f ldnfpgx' f];\\ M -s_ PsnJo if8\\oGqsf/L -v_ ljb/' l/;fxf -u_ b'jf{;f dxfg\\ wgw' {/ -3_ zsl' g gk9L 1fg k|fKt ug{ vf]Hg] afns -ª_ ojqmLt dxf1fgL #= sIffsf ljBfyL{x¿ rf/kfrF hgfsf] ;d\"x agfpgx' f;] \\ . ca x/]s ;dx\" df tnsf dWo] s'g} Ps kfq / To; kfq;Fu ;DalGwt s/' f÷syfsf] af/]df 5nkmn ugx{' f];\\ . 5nkmnkZrft\\ Ps hgfn] cfºgf] ;dx\" df ePsf] 5nkmnsf cfwf/df syf eGg'xf];\\ M -s_ s0f{ -v_ s'GtL -u_ w[t/fi6« -3_ eLidlktfdx -ª_ dT:ouGwf -r_ ljZjfldq -5_ xs'{n; -h_ k|ldy; -em_ PsnJo -`_ ci6fjqm -6_ b|f}kbL -7_ bz/y jv} /L sIff ^ 17

k9fO tkf]lgi7 Clif / v}/] s's/' –zf/bf/d0f g]kfn hª\\unsf lar rp/df tkf]lgi7 Clifsf] cf>d lyof] . tkf]lgi7 Clif hª\\unsf hGth' gfj/x¿sf] efiff /fd|/L a‰' by] . Clif slt hGth' gfj/nfO{ l;sfpg] / ;3fpg] sfd klg ub{y] . To;}n] hGt'hgfj/x¿ pgnfO{ u'? g} dfGy] . pgsf] cf>ddf a]nfavt hª\\unL hgfj/x¿sf] le8 g} nfUYof] . Clifl;t ufpFb]lv kl5 nfu]/ cfPsf] Pp6f v}/f] s's/ klg cf>ddf lyof] . Clif To;nfO{ v}/] egL af]nfpFy] . v}/] cf>d 5f8L st} hfFb}gYof] . Clif Wofgdf /xFbf pm ToxLF glhs} a;]/ Clifsf] /vjf/L uYof]{ . ss' /sf] o:tf] afgLaf6 tkf]lgi7 Clif w]/} v;' L lyP . Ps lbg To; cf>dsf] af6f] lxFl8/x]sf] Pp6f lrt'jfn] To; s's'/nfO{ b]Vof] . lrtj' f b]v]/ 8/fpFb} ss' /' cf>dsf] s'6Lleq k:of] / Tot}af6 nS' g yfNof] . s6' Lleq} k;]/ tkf]lgi7 Clifn] eg], æg8/f v}/], d 5' lg, d tFnfO{ clxNo} Tof]eGbf alnof] lrt'jf agfOlbG5' .Æ Clifn] olt eg]sf dfq s] lyP v}/] lrtj' fdf km]l/of] . 3/leqaf6 cfkme\" Gbf alnof] lrt'jf lg:s]sf] b]v]/ aflx/ v}/]nfO{ 9'sL a;]sf] lrtj' f efUof] . s]xL dlxgfkl5 To; hª\\undf Pp6f eoªs/ kf6]af3 cfof] . To; af3n] v}/] lrt'jfnO{ emD6g] bfp u/]sf] tkf]lgi7 Clif cfkmF}n] b]v] . pgnfO{ cfºgf] lrt'jfdfly bof nfUof] . 18 jv} /L sIff ^

pgn] eg], æx]/, v}/], tFnfO{ hª\\unsf] To; af3n] emD6Fbf] /x]5 . d tFnfO{ Tof] af3eGbf zlQmzfnL af3 agfOlbG5' .Æ geGb} Clifn] lrt'jfnfO{ af3 agfOlbP . af3 xg' kfPsf]df v}/] dSv lyof] . pm Psfw 306f l;sf/df hfGYof], k]6 c3fPkl5 kms]{/ cf>dsf] rp/df kf/ tfKb} ;'lt/xGYof] . Ps lbg l;sf/df hfFbf kf6]af3n] chªsf] Pp6f xfQL b]Vof] . xfQLn] klg af3nfO{ b]Vof] . xfQL dfkfsf] lyof] . To;n] cfºgf] ;F'9 n'sfof] / v}/] af3lt/ nDSof] . af3 xfQLl;t 8/fP/ cf>dlt/ s'n]nd 7f]Sof] . xfQL kl5 kl5 nv]6\\b} cfof] . cf>ddf cfP/ af3n] tkf]lgi7 Clifl;t eGof] æu'? † dnfO{ o; xfQLn] df/]/} 5f]8\\g] eof] . d s] u¿F < v}/]sf] s/' f ;'g]/ u'?n] ds' 'Ss xfF:b} eg], æg8/f v}/], d 5' lg †Æ u?' n] olt eg]sf dfq s] lyP v}/] af3 plTgv]/} eofgs dQf xfQLdf km]l/of] . cfkme\" Gbf 7n' f], alnof] / l/;n] r'/ ePsf] xfQL b]v]kl5 hª\\unL xfQL plTgv]/} 8/fP/ s'F sF' ub}{ hª\\unlt/ efUof] . xfQL aGg kfPkl5 v}/] c¿ dSv k¥of] . pm jgsf :ofpnf 6Gg vfGYof] . d:tl;t cf/fd lnGYof] . o;/L xfQLsf s]xL lbgx¿ /dfOn}l;t lat] . Pslbg xfQL cf>dglhs} lkknsf] ¿vaf6 :ofpnf r'F8]/ vfFb} lyof] . glhs} s]z/L l;x+ sf] uh{g ;l' gof] . xfQL 8/fP/ cf>dlt/ n:Sof] . l;x+ pkm|Fb} uP/ xfQLsf] lk7\\oF'df r9\\of] / sf]kg{ yfNof] . oltv]/ xfQL cf>dlt/ k'lu;s]sf] lyof] . of] s/' f tkf]lgi7 Clifn] b]v] / dQf xfQLnfO{ klg t'?Gt} s]z/L l;+x agfOlbP . cfkm\" r9]sf] xfQL cfkm\"eGbf hjfg l;+x ePkl5 s]z/L l;x+ Totfaf6 xfDkmfn]/ efUof] . cfkm\"n] arfPsf] v}/] s]z/L l;x+ sf] s]z/df d';fb}{ Clifn] j}v/L sIff ^ 19

eg] æv}/], d eP;Dd t}Fn] sg' } s'/fdf 8/fpgkb}{g . ca oxfF jl/kl/ tFnfO{ lhTg ;Sg] csf]{ s'g} s];/L l;+x o; hª\\undf t s], o; ;]/f]km]/f]d} 5}g .Æ l;+x aGbf v}/]nfO{ emg\\ uha /dfOnf] nfUof] . ca hª\\undf p;sf lbgx¿ lgw{Ssl;t laTg nfu] . o;}lar To; hª\\undf crfgs Pp6f z/e b]lvof] laR5Lsf h:tf b]lvg] 7'nf 7n' f rf/ cf]6f xft / rf/ v6' \\6f ePsf] of] hgfj/ a8f] eofgs / anjfg\\ lyof] . of] df+;fxf/L hgfj/ lyof] . o;n] kfP;Dd s]z/L l;x+ sf] l;sf/ ug{ ?rfpFYof] . lrt'jf, af3, xfQL, ag]n, l;x+ s'g} klg hGt' o;sf cufl8 kg{ cfF6 ub}{gy] . z/e a8f] vt/gfs /Qmlkkf;' hgfj/ lyof] . bgbgL aln/x]sf h:tf bO' 6f cfFvf ePsf] Tof] b]Vb} l/Fu6fnfUbf] hGt' cfkm}Flt/ cfO/x]sf] b]v]/ v}/] s]z/Lsf] ;ftf] uof] . pm 8/n] sfFKb} tkf]lgi7 Clifsf] cufl8 k'Uof] . p;sf ba' } cfFvfdf cfF;' lyof] . v}/]nfO{ b'Mlvt b]v]/ Clifn] eg], ælk/ gdfg\\ v}/], lxDdt u/\\, lxDdt, t]/f] nflu d 5' .Æ olt eGb} Clifn] v}/]nfO{ a8]dfgsf] z/e agfOlbP . ca To; hª\\undf v}/]sf] hf]8f s'g} hgfj/ /x]g . v}/] lgw{Ssl;t htf dg nfUYof] pt} kU' Yof], l;sf/ uYof]{, vfGYof] / cf>ddf cfP/ dhfl;t klN6/xGYof] . 20 j}v/L sIff ^

;w}Fem}F Pslbg z/e ag]sf] v}/] cf>dsf cufl8 rp/df kN6]/ kf/ tflk/x]sf] lyof] . tkf]lgi7 Clif sGbdn\" vf]Hg hª\\unleq uPsf lyP . z/en] cfºgf] x[i6k'i6 z/L/ x]b{} cfFu tGsfpFb} ;f]Rof] æcxf, d Sof uhasf] 5' . dnfO{ b]v]/ hª\\unsf hgfj/x¿ ;a ys{dfg xG' 5g\\ . db]lv gys{g] t tkf]lgi7 Clif dfq xf] † oL Clif eg] dnfO{ cem} klg ToxL v}/] s's'/ b]V5g\\ / v}/] eg]/} af]nfpF5g\\ . d]/f] of] sqf] a]OHht † hª\\unaf;L hgfj/x¿ klg dnfO{ oL Clifn] h:t} u/L v}/] ss' '/ g} 7fGbf xf]nfg\\ t < z/e o;/L ;f]Rb} lyof] . Clif hª\\unaf6 xftdf jgt?n lnFb} cf>dlt/ cfO/x]sf b]lvP . z/en] ;f]Rof], æd cfh ClifnfO{ df/]/ vfOlbG5', 5fs klg 65{, OHht klg aR5 .Æ cfFvf rf/ x'g] lalQs} tkf]lgi7n] Clif z/esf dgsf s/' f yfxf kfP . z/e emD6g] bfp x]b}{ lyof] . Clifn] d';'Ss xfF;]/ eg], æd}n] tFnfO{ lnv'/] v}/] ss' /af6 oqf] a8]dfgsf] z/e agfOlbPF . d}n] t]/f] lxt dfq ;f]r]F, tF eg] dnfO{ g} vfg] bfp ug{ yfln;\\ . tF s[t£g /x]5;\\ . tFnfO{ ca d ToxL v}/] ss' '/ agfOlbG5' / o; cf>djl/kl/ a:g klg lbGgF .Æ Clifn] olt eg]sf dfq lyP Tof] chª\\usf] z/e t?' Gt} ToxL v}/] ss' '/df km]l/of] . o;/L km]l/Pkl5 nd' S' s k/]/ k'R5/ xNnfpFb} Clifsf] glhs glhs x'g vf]Hof] . tkf]lgi7n] Clif v}/] ss' /' nfO{ cfºgf] jl/kl/ l9lDsg} lbPgg\\ . nf}/f] lnO{ nv]6]/ vf]nf s6fOlbP . ;fef/ M dxfef/tsf syfx¿, afnsf];]nL k|sfzg j}v/L sIff ^ 21

k9fO != tnsf zAbx¿ z'4;Fu pRrf/0f ug{'xf];\\ / sfkLdf ;fg'{xf;] \\ M tkf]lgi7, cf>d, 9s' La;]sf], eoª\\s/, emD6g, kf/, sn' ]nd, uh{g, dQf, xfQL, s]z/L l;+x, sf]kg{, lgw{Ss, ;]/f]km]/f], /Qmlkkf;,' bgbgL, l/Fu6f, a8]dfg, sGbdn\" , x[i6ki' 6, ys{dfg, emD6g', s[t£g @= …tkf]lgi7 Clif / v/} ] s's/' Ú syf ;:j/ jfrg ug'{xf;] \\ . #= l7sa]l7s 5'6\\ofpg'xf];\\ M -s_ tk:ofdf nfu]sf] x'gfn] ClifnfO{ tkf]lgi7 Clif elgPsf] xf] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ tkf]lgi7 Clif hª\\unL hgfj/sf] efiff a'‰y] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ tkf]lgi7 Clifn] hª\\unL hgfj/nfO{ u'? dfg]sf lyP . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ Clif s's/' sf] kl5 nfu]/ hª\\un;Dd cfPsf lyP . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ Clif;Fu a:g] ss' / v}/f] /ªsf] lyof] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -r_ v}/] s's'/b]lv hª\\unsf ;a} hgfj/ 8/fpFy] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -5_ v}/] ss' '/n] lrtj' fdfly cfqmd0f u¥of] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= l7s pQ/df /]hf nufpg'xf];\\ M -s_ v}/] ss' '/ s];Fu 8/fof] < -c_ Clif -cf_ lrt'jf -O_ af3 -O{_ xfQL -v_ v}/] lrt'jf s];Fu 8/fof] < -c_ af3 -cf_ xfQL -O_ l;+x -O{_ Clif -u_ xfQL s] vfGYof] < -c_ af3 -cf_ v}/] -O_ :ofpnf -O{_ df;' -3_ kf7df ;a}eGbf 8/nfUbf] hgfj/ sg' nfO{ dflgPsf] 5 < -c_ af3 -cf_ l;x+ -O_ lrt'jf -O{_ z/e -ª_ a8]dfgsf] z/e cGTodf s] eof] < -c_ v}/] ss' '/ -cf_ af3 -O_ lrtj' f -O{_ Clif %= Ps zAbdf pQ/ lbg'xf];\\ M -s_ hª\\unL hgfj/x¿ ClifnfO{ s] dfGy] < -v_ Clif, sxfFaf6 cfP/ hª\\undf s'6L agfP/ a;]sf lyP < -u_ Clif Wofgdf /xFbf Clifsf] /vjf/L s;n] uYof]{ < -ª_ af3 s:tf] lyof] < -r_ xfQL s:tf] lyof] < 22 j}v/L sIff ^

n]vfO != kf7af6 lgDgfg;' f/sf] dfqf nfus] f zAbx¿ vf]h]/ nV] gx' f;] \\ M -s_ cGTodf bL3{ O{sf/ - L _ ePsf bz cf]6f zAb ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ lardf bL3{ Osf/ ePsf] Pp6f zAb ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= kf7df tnsf zAb k|ofu] ePsf jfSo klxrfg u/L /v] fª\\sg ug{'xf];\\ M /vjf/L :ofpnf ;]/f]km]/f] sGbd\"n jgt?n /Qmlkkf;' x[i6k'i6 s[t£g #= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] Ps jfSodf pQ/ lbgx' f];\\ M -s_ tkf]lgi7 Clifsf] cf>ddf hª\\unL hgfj/sf] lsg le8 nfUYof] < -v_ tkf]lgi7 Clif v}/] ss' /' nfO{ lsg dfof uy]{ < -u_ v}/] ss' '/nfO{ 9'sL a:g] lrtj' f lsg efUof] < -3_ xfQLsf s]xL lbg s;/L /dfOnf]l;t lat] < -ª_ l;+xn] s;/L xfQLdfly cfqmd0f u¥of] < -r_ Clifn] s] eg]sf] z/enfO{ dg gk/]sf] /x]5 < -5_ Clifn] v}/]nfO{ nv]6]/ lsg vf]nf s6fP < $= tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] nfdf] pQ/ n]Vgx' f;] \\ M -s_ hª\\unL hgfj/ / Clifsf] s:tf] ;DaGw lyof] < -v_ z/e s:tf] lyof] < -u_ z/en] Clifsf] ljifodf s] ;f]Rof] < %= kl' i6 ug'x{ f;] \\ M -s_ v}/] ss' / s[t£g xf] . s;/L < ^= Clifn] v/} n] fO{ ædn} ] t]/f] lxt dfq ;f]rF], tF eg] dnfO{ g} vfg] bfp ug{ yfln;\\ . tF s[t£g /x5] ;\\ .Æ eg/] lsg eg]sf x'g\\ < ;dLIff ug{'xf;] \\ . jv} /L sIff ^ 23

&= tnsf] syf k9g\\ 'xf];\\ / ;f]lwPsf kZ| gx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vgx' f;] \\ M s'g} 7fpFdf Pp6f afns lyof] . Tof] afns k/LIffdf ;w}F c;kmn x'GYof] . hlt g} ldlxg]t u/] klg ;w}F c;kmn eO/x]kl5 Ps lbg pm k9\\g 5f8]/ st} lxF8\\of] . lxF8\\bf lxF8\\bf To; afnsnfO{ lgs} ysfO nfUof] . To;}n] pm af6f5]psf] ?vdf c8]; nfu]/ ysfO dfg{ yfNof] . o:t}df p;sf cfFvf Pp6f sldnfdf k/] . Tof] sldnf] cfºgf] lhpeGbf 7'nf] ef/L af]s]/ Pp6f l8n pSng vf]HYof] t/ km]l/ l8naf6 vl;xfNYof] . o:tf] qmd PskN6, bO' {kN6 xf]Og, ;of}FkN6 eof] t/ sldnfn] x/]; vfPg . hltkN6 ef/L;lxt n8] klg ef/L af]s]/ l8n pSng vf]lh/x\\of] . cGTodf sldnf] ef/L;lxt l8n plSn5f8\\of] . æcxF † o;/L efu]/ xF'b}g . d klg k/LIffdf pQL0f{ gx'Gh]n kl9/xG5' .Æ To;kl5 Tof] afns h'?Ss p7\\of] / cfkm\" cfPs} af6f] eP/ u'?s'n kmSof]{ . kl5 ltg} afns cfrfo{ af]kb]jsf gfdn] k|l;4 eP . -s_ o; kf7df tnsf zAbx¿sf] p:t} cy{ lbg] zAb vf]Hg'xf];\\ M kl/>d M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ g]q M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ j[If M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ z/L/ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ hfFr M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ k|Voft M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ o; kf7af6 tnsf zAbx¿sf] pN6f] cy{ lbg] zAb vfH] gx' f;] \\ M ;kmn M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ j[4 M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cf]n{g M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;'?df M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cg'QL0f{ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ a:of] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ afnssf] gfd s] lyof] < -3_ sldnfn] s:tf] ef/L afs] ]sf] lyof] < -ª_ o; syfsf] ;Gb]z s] xf] < rf/kfFr jfSodf nV] g'xf];\\ . 24 j}v/L sIff ^

zAbe08f/ != tnsf zAb / cys{ f] hf8] f ldnfpg'xf];\\ M tkf]lgi7 alnof]afª\\uf] /vjf/L hª\\undf g/f]kL pld|Psf] kmn lgw{Ss tk:ofdf nfu]sf /Qmlkkf;' /v] bv] sGbdn\" v]b\\g] x[i6k'i6 df}sfÙ cj;/ s[t£g s'g} 8/ gdfgL z/e /ut lkpg] bfp cToGt 8/nfUbf] hgfj/ nv]6\\g' u/]sf] pksf/ gb]Vg]Ù a}u'gL @= kf7df lgDg zAbsf pN6f] cy{ lbg] zAb 5g\\ . vf]h]/ n]Vgx' f];\\ M r]nf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 3/kfn'jf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ b'MvL M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ lga{lnof] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ zfsfxf/L M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ OHht M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ clxt M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ s[t1 M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 6f9f M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ aflx/ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= pN6f] cy{ cfpg] zAb ;Fu} n]Vg'xf;] \\ M ;+of]u, bfofF, ;Hhg, :ju{, a]:jfb, cfsfz, lzlIft, :jb]z, ljb]z, b'h{g, afofF, kftfn, gs{, :jfb, ljof]u, clzlIft $= tnsf jfSodf s'g s'g zAbn] pN6f] cy{ af]s]sf 5g\\ < /v] fª\\sg ugx'{ f;] \\ M -s_ ;+;f/df sfnf / uf]/f dfG5]x¿ 5g\\ . -v_ cUnf ?v sf6\\bf xf]rf ?vx¿ d5{g\\ . -u_ k'/fgf] sf]6 nufpm, gofF k:' ts lsg . -3_ cfh /fte/ kfgL k/] klg lbge/ 3fd nfUof] . -ª_ afns / j[4sf] ljz]if /]vb]v ug{'k5{ . -r_ hLjgsf psfnL cf]/fnLdf ofqf ug'{ g} hLjgsf] dhf lng' xf] . jv} /L sIff ^ 25

Jofs/0f / j0f{ljGof; != tnsf] ;j+ fb k9g\\ 'xf];\\ M cfdf M 5f]/L † ltdL sxfF hfg nfu]sL < 5f]/L M cfdf † d ;fyLx¿;Fu v]Ng hfg nfu]sL . cfdf M sf] sf];Fu v]Ng hfG5\\of} < 5f]/L M cfdf d ljlgtf, ;+1f, /fh, s'Gbg, clegj / >]of;Fu v]N5' . pgLx¿ t cl3 g} cfO;s] . cfdf M v]Nbf cfkm\" 7n' f] x'F geGg\" . tL ;a}nfO{ v]nfpg\" . c¿nfO{ ;Ddfg ug{\" ;a} ldn]/ v]Ng\" . 5f/] L M xj;\\ cfdf † d xh/' n] eg]cg';f/ u5{' . @= dfly /v] fªs\\ g u/]sf zAb ;jg{ fd xg' \\ . ;jg{ fdn] gfdnfO{ ;f6\\5g\\ . ca tL ;jg{ fd tnsf] vfnL 7fpdF f nV] gx' f];\\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= tnsf jfSodf cfPsf ;jg{ fd lrgL vfnL 7fpFdf nV] g'xf];\\ M -s_ h;n] af]nfof], p;}nfO{ eg . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ hf] cfof], Tof] af]Nb} af]Nb}g . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ emf]nfdf s] af]s]sf] 5 < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ k/af6 sf] ot} cfof] < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ cfkm\" klg sfd ug]{ u/ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -r_ :jod\\n] klg /fd|f] k9\\g'k5{ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 26 j}v/L sIff ^

$= lqmofkbcg;' f/ pkoQ\\' m ;jg{ fd /fVgx' f;] \\ M -s_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 3/ hfG5' . -v_ ltdLn] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ af]s]sf 5f} < -u_ 3/df ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ a;]sf] 5 < -3_ h;n] emu8f u¥of], ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;hfo kfof] . -ª_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ v]n /fd|f] v]n] . %= tnsf ;j{gfd k|of]u u/L jfSo agfpgx' f;] \\ M sf], s], hf], Tof], h;n]=== To;n], d, xfdL, pm, cfkm\" , cfkm}F, :jod\\, pxfF ^= tnsf zAbnfO{ tflnsfdf ldNg] u/L eg'{xf];\\ M bL3{, gjLg, sn' Lg, cfb/0fLo, k|tLs, wgL, O{iof{, k/LIff, tLy{, b]jL, pQL0f{, >Ldfg\\, uLt, hLj, 38L, sfsL, sfkL, ;fgL ;'?df bL3{ lardf bL3{ cGTodf bL3{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ j}v/L sIff ^ 27

;dx\" df efiff != tLg tLg hgfsf] ;dx\" agfpgx' f;] \\ . ca x/s] ;dx\" n] 5nkmn u/L tnsf vfnL 7fpdF f kfrF cf6] f pvfg nV] gx' f;] \\ M -s_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ tkfOsF{ f] ;dx\" n] nv] s] f] pvfg ;dx\" af6 Ps hgfn] ;g' fpgx' f;] \\ . cGo ;dx\" n] ;g' fPsf] pvfg tkfOsF{ f] ;dx\" n] ;g' fPsf] pvfg;uF ldng] eg] tL pvfgx¿ tnsf] vfnL 7fpdF f ;fgx{' f;] \\ M -r_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -5_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -h_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -em_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -`_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -6_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -7_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= bO' t{ Lg hgfsf] ;dx\" agfpgx' f;] \\ . ca x/s] ;dx\" n] kj\" k{ 7gdf ePsf kfqx¿dWo] sg' } Ps hgfsf] af/d] f 5nkmn ugx{' f;] \\ . To;kl5 Ps hgf 6fn] L gt] f eP/ cfºgf] ;dx\" n] 5nkmn u/s] f] kfqsf af/d] f sIffdf ;g' fpgx' f;] \\ . 28 jv} /L sIff ^

l;hg{ f÷n3' kl/ofh] gf != tkfOFn{ ]n] o; sIffdf k9s] f ;a} ljifosf lstfax¿sf] gfd nV] g'xf;] \\ . tL lstfadf n]vs tyf ;Dkfbsx¿sf] gfd klg nV] gx' f];\\ M qm=;=+ lstfax¿ n]vs tyf ;Dkfbsx¿ jv} /L sIff ^ 29

@= tkfOF{n] tnsf ljifox¿df o;cl3sf k/LIffdf slt cª\\s jf sg' >0] fL Nofpge' Psf] lyof] < casf] k/LIffdf slt cªs\\ ÷s'g >0] fL cfp5F xfn] f < n]Vg'xf];\\ M cl3Nnf] k/LIffdf o; k/LIffsf] qm=;+= ljifo k|fKt u/s] f] k|fKtfª\\s÷ u]8| cª\\s÷u|8] nIo != g]kfnL @= cª\\u|]hL #= ul0ft $= lj1fg %= ;fdflhs ^= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ &= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ *= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ (= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 30 jv} /L sIff ^

kf7– # cGwfcGwL uk' mf j}v/L sIff ^ 31

k\"j{k7g õ tnsf lrqx¿ sg' 7fpFsf xg' \\ < lrq x/] L tkfOFn{ ] lrg]hltsf gfd nV] g'xf;] \\ M hflg/fVgk' g{] sx] L zAbfy{x¿ cjnf]sg M ulxl/P/ x]g]{ sfdÙ lg/LIf0f b[li6ljxLg M cfFvfn] b]Vg g;Sg] Joj;fo M k];fÙ hLljsfsf nflu ul/g] s'g} klg sfo{ kf/} fl0fs M k/' f0fdf ePsf]Ù k/' f0f;DaGwL lkte[ St M lktfsf eStÙ lktfsf ;]js q]tf ou' M k/' f0fcg;' f/ rf/ ou' dWo] bf];|f] o'u ;f}lvg M ;f]vLÙ nx8L >fk M ;/fkÙ clezfk kq' zfs] M 5f]/fsf] ljof]udf xg' ] kL8f d'xfg M d\"nÙ gbL, vf]nf cflbsf] kfgL pd|g] 7fpF lznfn]v M 9'ª\\ufdf n]lvPsf] n]v ljlrqtf M cgf}7f] x'gfsf] efj afnfrt'bz{ L M dª\\l;/ s[i0fkIfsf] rt'b{zL ztaLh M ;b\\lap bdf/} f M kxf8lt/ kfOg] kfs]kl5 sfnf] xg' ] u'lnof] :jfbsf] kmn nfUg] j[If ;j+ 4g{ M /fd|/L a9fpg] sfd lgnfDo M lgnf] ePsf] bx M kf]v/L 32 jv} /L sIff ^

;g' fO / afn] fO !=  # ;'g/] tnsf] ;+jfbnfO{ !, @, #=== sf] qmddf /fVg'xf];\\ M - _ h]lg;f M xf], lstfa / sIffaf6 1fg cjZo kfOG5 . t/ sg' } 7fpFsf] e|d0f cjnf]sgaf6 xfd|f] lstfa / sIffdf klg gkfOg] 1fg kfOG5 . - _ ck{0ff M s;/L lg < - _ h]lg;f M ck{0ff, ltdL z}lIfs e|d0fdf hfg] xf]Og < - _ h]lg;f M To;f] xf]Og, ck{0ff † 3d' 3fdn] xfd|f] 1fg cem km/flsnf] kf5{ . To;}n] slxn]sfxLF e|d0f / ofqf ug'{k5{ . - _ ck{0ff M ghfg] . laTyfdf lsg hfg] < - _ h]lg;f M x]/ ck{0ff † xfdLn] s'g} 7fpF e|d0f ub}{ hfFbf ToxfFsf] xfjfkfgL hldgsf] agf]6 cflb t cfkm}F b]v]/ ef]u]/ yfxf kfpF5f}F . To;afx]s ToxfFsf dfG5]x¿ e]6\\bf pgLx¿;Fu s'/f ubf{ pgLx¿sf] efiff / e]if klg yfxf kfpF5f}F . - _ h]lg;f M laTyfdf /] † s] eg]sL ck{0ff ltdLn] < - _ ck{0ff M 1fg t lstfa / sIffaf6 kfOxflnG5 lg . lsg 3D' g hfgk' ¥of] / < - _ ck{0ff M clg lagfsfddf 3'Dg] eg]sf] laTyfdf ePg / < @=  # ;g' /] pQ/ eGgx' f];\\ M -s_ o; ;j+ fbdf slt hgf kfq 5g\\ / tL sf] sf] xg' \\ < -v_ ck{0ff ;?' df e|d0f hfg rfxlG5g\\ ls rfxFlbgg\\ < -u_ e|d0faf6 s:tf] 1fg kfOG5 < -3_ e|d0faf6 s;/L c¿ dflg;sf] efiff / e]ifaf/] yfxf kfOG5 < -ª_ ck{0ff e|d0fdf s] xG' 5 eG7flGyg\\ < #= tkfOsF{ f] kl/jf/df dgfOg] sg' } kj{ jf pT;jsf af/]df 5f]6s/Ldf atfpg'xf];\\ . $= kjx{ ¿ dgfpg' plrt xf] ls xf]Og < cfºgf] ljrf/ /fVg'xf;] \\ . j}v/L sIff ^ 33

k9fO cGwfcGwL u'kmf – ljZjDe/ r~rn efOalxgL xf] † tkfO{Fx¿n] >j0fsd' f/sf] syf k9\\g'ePsf] 5 < of] kf}/fl0fs sfnsf] s'/f xf] . >j0fs'df/ gfdsf Ps hgf afns lyP . pgsf cfdfafa' b'a} b[li6ljxLg lyP . t/ klg >j0fsd' f/ cfdfafas' f] Hofb} eSt lyP . pgL cfºgf cfdfafan' fO{ 8f]¥ofO{ 8f]¥ofO{ Ps 7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpF 3'dfpFy] . s;}n] eG5g\\ – pgL vk{g h:tf]df b'O{lt/ xfn]/ cfdfafan' fO{ af]sL lxF8\\y] . oL b'O{dWo] s'g ;fFrf] xf] cfkm}F ljrf/ ug{'xf];\\ . s'/f k|:6 rflxF s] xf] eg] pgL lkt[eSt, dft[eSt eg] cjZo g} lyP . Psrf]l6 pgn] cfdfafa'nfO{ 8f]¥ofpFb} st} nUb} lyP . 3fd rs]{sf] lyof] . o;}n] zLtn vf]Hb} pgn] cfdfafa'nfO{ Pp6f cf]9f/ -uk' mf_ df nu]/ /fv] . cfdfafa'nfO{ ltvf{ nfUof] . To;}n] pgL kfgLsf] efF8f] lnP/ cfdfafan' fO{ ToxLF uk' mfleq /fvL kfgL vf]Hg lxF8] . of] s'/f q]tfo'usf /fhf bz/ysf kfnfsf] xf], h;sf 5f]/fax' f/L /fd;Ltfaf/] tkfO{Fx¿nfO{ yfxf g} xf]nf . pg} bz/y l;sf/sf ;f]lvg lyP . pgL l;sf/ v]Ng egL Tot}lt/ cfPsf /x]5g\\ . >j0fs'df/ kfgL vf]Hg uPsf] klg Tot} k/]5 . ;+of]u s] k/]5 eg] >j0fsd' f/n] sg' } 7fpFdf :jR5 kfgL b]v]5g\\ / kfgL pufpg nu]sf] efF8f] 8a' fP5g\\ . kfgLsf] efF8f] kfgLdf 8a' fpFbf 3636sf] cfjfh cfP5 . /fhf bz/yn] To; cfjfhnfO{ s'g} hª\\unL xfQL xf] eGg] 7fgL t?' Gt} jf0f 5f]8]5g\\ . Tof] jf0f uP/ >j0fsd' f/nfO{ nfu]5 . >j0fsd' f/ t?' Gt} ToxLF d/]5g\\ . 34 j}v/L sIff ^

>j0fs'df/sf cfdfafa' cfºgf] 5f]/fsf] d[Tos' f] va/ ;'Gbf ToxLF 5ftL lk6L lk6L ?g yfn]5g\\ . ?Fbf ?Fbf pgLx¿ b'a}sf] d[To' klg ToxL u'kmfleq} eP5 . dg]{ a]nfdf /fhf bz/ynfO{ klg pgLx¿n] >fk lbP5g\\, æxfdL h:t} ltdL klg kq' zf]sn] dg{'k/f];\\ .Æ geGb} kl5 /fhf bz/y klg cfºgf 5f]/f /fds} zf]sn] dg{'k¥of] . of] s'/f /fdfo0fdf 5 . efOalxgL xf] † tkfO{Fx¿nfO{ of] syf d}n] lsg eg]sf] xf] yfxf 5 < lsgeg] cGwfcGwL u'kmfsf] s'/f o;} syfdf cfwfl/t 5 . Tof] u'kmf xfd|f] b]zsf] kj{t lhNnf / :ofª\\hf lhNnfsf] laraf6 eP/ aUg] cfFwLvf]nf glhs 5 . Tof] cfFwLvf]nf hxfFaf6 aUg ;'? x'G5, To;sf] d'xfgdf Pp6f 7'nf] cf]9f/ -u'kmf_ 5 . xf] † ToxL u'kmf, hxfF >j0fsd' f/sf cfdfafas' f] d[To' ePsf] lyof] eg]/ elgG5 . To; uk' mfleq ;dtn 7f8f] 9'ª\\ufdf lznfn]vsf] ¿kdf tLg cf]6f dflg;sf] lrq s'FlbPsf] xfdL b]Vg ;Sb5f}F . tL tLg lrqdWo] lardf >j0fsd' f/ / bfofFafofF 6f]s/L jf vk{g h:tf]df cfdfafa' af]lsPsf] lrq k|:6 5 . cem Tolt dfq sxfF xf] / † tL bO' {k6\\l6sf cfdfafas' f] cfFvfaf6 tktk cfF;' rl' xPsf] klg b]Vg ;lsG5 eGof † uhasf] 5 of] b[Zo . olb tkfO{Fx¿ klg ToxfF s]xL u/L kU' g'eof] eg] Tof] u'kmf x]g{ ge'Ng\" . kq' zf]sdf k/L ?Fbf?Fb}sf] cfF;' xf] /] Tof] tL lar/f cfdfafa'sf] † slt 7n' f] si6 k'qljof]udf ltgLx¿sf] † s;}nfO{ gk/f];\\ o:tf] bM' v xlu < gkTofpg' klg s;/L of] s/' f . l7s ToxL uk' mfsf] tnk6\\l6 km]l/ Pp6f lgnf] kfgL b]lvg] bx 5 . b[li6ljxLg cfdfafas' f cfF;' aUbfaUb} g} ToxL cfF;a' f6 Toqf] bx ag]sf] xf] /] lgnfDo . slt /f]P xf]nfg\\ tL a'9fa'9Lx¿ bx g} hDg] u/L . clg ;/fbL eGg] vf]nfsf] gfd ;'Gge' Psf] 5 < tkfO{Fx¿n] ;/fbL rflxF Tof] bxaf6 sl/a Ps lsnf]ld6/ 6f9faf6 aUb5 . To; vf]nfsf] ljlrqtf of] 5 ls ToxfFsf ;Dk\"0f{ 9'ª\\ufx¿ /ftf 5g\\ . cfDd}d}=== lsg xf]nfg\\ To:tf /ftf 9'ª\\ufx¿ † dflg;x¿ eG5g\\– >j0fs'df/ kfgL lng uPsf] vf]nf] ToxL xf] . bz/ysf] jf0fn] nfUbf pgsf] z/L/af6 au]sf] /utn] ToxfFsf 9'ª\\uf /ftf ePsf xg' \\ . x/]s lbg l7s !@ ah] lbpF;f] 7n' f] cfjfh;lxt Tof] vf]nf bO' {k6s ;';fpF5 eg]/ dflg;x¿ cem} eG5g\\ . clg Tof] cfjfh rflxF >j0fs'df/sf cfdfafa' d/]s} uk' mflt/af6 cfpg] /] . l7s h'g a]nf vf]nf a]:s/L ;;' fPsf] cfjfh ;'lgG5, uk' mfleqsf >j0fsd' f/sf cfdfafa'sf] cfFvfaf6 c;fWo kfgL -cfF;'_ lg:sG5 /] . cem Tolt dfq sxfF xf] / eGof † vf]nf] ;;' fPsf] h'g cfjfh ;'lgG5 lg, kfFr5 lsnf]ld6/ k/;Dd k|:6} ;'lgG5 /] . vf]nfsf] kfgL g'lgnf] 5, cfF;'sf] gl' gnf]kg h:t}, j}v/L sIff ^ 35

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k9fO != dflysf] kf7 kfn}kfnf] ;:j/ jfrg ug{'xf;] \\ . @= tnsf zAbx¿ l7s;uF pRrf/0f ug{'xf];\\ / ltgsf cy{ af/] 5nkmn ugx{' f;] \\ M sfn ÷ ufn 3fd ÷ ufd egL ÷ agL 7fgL ÷ bfgL a]nf ÷ e]nf vf]nf ÷ uf]nf 9ª' \\uf ÷ 8ª' \\uf k6\\l6 ÷ kQL bx ÷ tx #= kf7sf cfwf/df l7sal] 7s 56' \\ofpg'xf;] \\ M -s_ >j0fs'df/ b[li6ljxLg lyP . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ bz/yn] xfg]sf] jf0fn] >j0fs'df/sf] d[To' eof] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ bz/yn] >j0fs'df/sf cfdfaa' fnfO{ >fk lbP . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ cGwfcGwL u'kmfsf] tnk6\\l6 lgnf] bx 5 . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ ;/fbL vf]nfsf 9'ª\\ufx¿ /ftf 5g\\ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $_ kf7sf cfwf/df 56' s] f zAb e/L jfSo k/\" f ugx{' f;] \\ M -s_ >j0fsd' f/sf] syf ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ df 5 . -v_ cGwfcGwL uk' mfdf ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ d[To' ePsf] xf] . -u_ x/]s lbg ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒ ah] ;/fbL vf]nf bO' { k6s ;;' fpF5 eG5g\\ . -3_ cGwfcGwL u'kmf xfd|f] b]zsf] Ps ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ :ynsf ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . -ª_ o; hª\\undf ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ, ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ, ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ, ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ lgs} kmN5g\\ . %_ hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\\ M -s_ >j0fsd' f/ kfFr5 lsnf]ld6/ k/;Dd ;l' gG5 /] . -v_ cGwfcGwL uk' mf k'qzf]sn] d/] . -u_ vf]nf ;;' fPsf] cfjfh cfdfa'afsf 7n' f eSt lyP . -3_ afnfrtb' {zLsf lbg kj{t / :ofª\\hfsf] lardf aUg] cfFwLvf]nf glhssf] uk' mf xf] . -ª_ bz/y dflg;x¿ ztaLh 5b}{ cGwfcGwL uk' mf cfpF5g\\ . ^= kf7sf] klxnf]b]lv kfrF f}F cgR' 5]b;Dd dfg} k7g ugx{' f;] \\ . jv} /L sIff ^ 37

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n]vfO != Ps jfSodf pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\\ M -s_ bz/yn] lsg jf0f 5f]8]sf lyP < -v_ u'kmfsf] lznfn]vdf s]sf] lrq sF'lbPsf] 5 < -u_ ;/fbL vf]nfsf 9'ª\\uf lsg /ftf ePsf xg' \\ < -3_ ;/fbL vf]nfsf] kfgL lsg g'lgnf] ePsf] xf] < -ª_ sg' s'g cj;/df dflg;x¿ cGwfcGwL u'kmfdf ehgsLt{g ub}{ cfpF5g\\ < @= nfdf] pQ/ nV] gx' f];\\ M -s_ >j0fsd' f/sf] syf 5f]6s/Ldf n]Vg'xf];\\ . -v_ cGwfcGwL uk' mfsf] kl/ro lbgx' f];\\ . #= tnsf lgkftx¿ nfus] f jfSo kf7af6 vfh] L sfkLdf ;fg'{xf;] \\ M g}, /, /], xlu, x} $= tnsf zAbx¿ lzIfsaf6 ;g' /] nV] g'xf];\\ M s/÷u/ 6fnf]÷8fnf] kn÷an rn÷5n tn÷yn r/f÷h/f tx÷bx sk÷vk 6k÷7k kl;{÷km;L{ kfl0f÷kfgL bfn÷8fn rfn÷hfn kfn÷kmfn ufpm÷3fp %= tnsf zAbnfO{ cy{ vN' g] u/L jfSodf k|ofu] ug{x' f;] \\ M -s_ dft[eSt M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ jf0f M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ >fk M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ k'qljof]u M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ kf}/fl0fs M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ jv} /L sIff ^ 39

zAbe08f/ != tnsf] afs;af6 vfnL 7fpFdf ldNg] zAb eg'x{ f;] \\ M lznfn]v -s_ ulxl/P/ x]g]{ sfdnfO{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ elgG5 . -v_ k/' f0fcg;' f/ rf/ ou' dWo] bf;] f| ] ou' nfO{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ elgG5 . q]tfo'u -u_ gbL, vfn] f cflbsf] kfgL pdg| ] 7fpnF fO{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ elgG5 . cjnf]sg -3_ 9'ª\\ufdf sk]/ n]lvPsf] n]vnfO{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ elgG5 . d'xfg -ª_ /fd|/L a9fpg] sfdnfO{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ elgG5 . ;j+ w{g @= tnsf zAb / cys{ f] hf8] f ldnfpg'xf;] \\ M kq' zf]s ™ ™ hLljsfsf] nflu ul/g] sg' } klg sfo{ ;f]lvg ™ ™ kxf8lt/ kfOg] kfs]kl5 sfnf] x'g] u'lnof] :jfbsf] kmn nfUg] Ps j[If Joj;fo ™ ™ 5f]/fsf] ljof]udf x'g] kL8f kf}/fl0fs ™ ™ nx8L bdf}/f ™ ™ k'/f0fdf ePsf] #= tnsf kf7 k9g\\ 'xf;] \\ / uf9f zAbx¿ vfnL 7fpdF f ;fgx'{ f;] \\ M c/lgsf] h'?Ss p7] / ;/f;/ af6f] nfu] . af6f] psfnf] ePsfn] 7;7; sGb} vnvnL kl;gf aufpFb} pgL plSn/x] . b]p/fnLdf 6';S' s a;] . oltGh]ndf emdSs ;fFem kl/;s]sf] lyof] . kfl/ ufpFdf lknlkn aQL aNb} lyof] . pgL n?' n?' cf]/fnf] em/] / Pp6f 3/df af; dfuL e';S' s lgbfP . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= dflysf] tflnsfaf6 ldNg] cg's/0ffTds zAb /fvL tnsf jfSo k\"/f ug'x{ f;] \\ M -s_ bf}8]/ cfPsf] /d]zsf] z/L/af6 ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ kl;gf cfof] . -v_ u?' b]Vg]lalQs} x/]/fd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ p7\\of] . -u_ yfs]/ nvt/fg ePsL piff la:tf/fdf n8\\g] lalQs} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ lgbfO{ . -3_ ltdL ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ pQ/tkm{ hfpm / ;a}nfO{ e]6 . -ª_ Tof] 9f8] la/fnf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cf]/fnf] em¥of] . %= tnsf cg's/0ffTds zAb /fvL Ps Ps cf6] f jfSo agfpg'xf;] \\ M Kof6\\6, ;'6'Ss, 6x6x, l;/l;/, skfsk, a?' Ss, d';S' s, w?' w'? 40 j}v/L sIff ^

Jofs/0f / j0f{ljGof; != tnsf jfSox¿df uf9f cIf/n] nl] vPsf zAbx¿ ljzi] f0f xg' \\ . tL ljz]if0fx¿n] s'g gfdsf af/]df yk hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\\ < lrg/] ufn] f] 3/] f nufpgx' f;] \\ M -s_ slnnf] >j0f ldlxg]tL lyP . -v_ >j0fs/' df/ a'9f a'afnfO{ af]s]/ lxF8\\y] . -u_ cfFwLvf]nfdf 7'nf] kf]v/L lyof] . -3_ cfFwLvf]nfdf cem klg gl' gnf] kfgL aU5 . -ª_ cfFwLvf]nfsf] 5]pdf cgf}7f] uk' mf 5 . -r_ u'kmf jl/kl/ ;G' b/ :yfgx¿ 5g\\ . @= tnsf lrq;uF ;x' fplF bnf ljzi] f0f 5fgL eg'{xf];\\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;G' b/, ul/a, tfhf, wgL, c;n, gofF, ;kmf, alnof], pHofnf], u'lnof] eTs]sf] dxFuf] #= pbfx/0f x]/L tnsf gfdaf6 ljzi] f0f agfpg'xf;] \\ M g]kfn M g]kfnL emfkf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ kxf8 M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ hgsk/' M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ kf]v/f M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ uf]vf{ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ wgs6' f M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ bfª M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ eStk'/ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ efbufpF M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= gfdsf] u'0f, cfsf/, /ª, kbfy{, cj:yf cflb ae' mfpg] ljzi] f0f u'0fafw] s ljz]if0f x'g\\ eg] uGg ;lsg] gfdsf] ;ªV\\ of a'emfpg] ljzi] f0f ;ªV\\ ofaf]ws ljz]if0f xg' \\ . ca tnsf ljz]if0fx¿nfO{ u'0fafw] s / ;ªV\\ ofaf]ws tflnsfdf ldNg] u/L eg{['xf;] \\ M c;n ;ft /ftf] 7n' f] xhf/ klxnf] ld7f] krf;f}F la/fdL rsrs] nfv bf]xf]/f] jv} /L sIff ^ 41

u0' faf]ws ;ª\\Vofafw] s ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ %= tnsf gfdsf cfwf/df ldNg] ljz]if0f /fvL vfnL 7fpF egx{' f];\\ M -s_ /uth:t} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ sf]Onfh:t} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ lxpFh:t} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ afF;h:t} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ cd[th:t} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -r_ cfuf]h:t} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -5_ sfF8fh:t} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -h_ kxndfgh:t} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ^= ljz]if0f / ljz]iolar ;ªu\\ lt ldnfP/ ;fg'x{ f];\\ M -s_ ;fgf] s]6L ?Fb} 5] . -v_ cUnf kvf{n eTSof] . -u_ p;sf] lbbLx¿ ;x/df a:5g\\ . -3_ d}n] kx]Fnf] k\"mnx¿ b]v]sf] 5' . -ª_ 7'nf] dfG5]x¿ xtktL ?Fb}gg\\ . &= tnsf] kf7 k9\\gx' f];\\ / x:| j psf/ - ' _ nfus] f zAb l6Kg'xf;] \\ M u'kmfdf w]/} /x:ox¿ ns' ]sf] x'G5 . ToxfF s;}sf] v';L / s;}sf] cfF;' xG' 5 . To;}n] u'?sf cg';f/ xfdLn] u'kmfsf] ;/' Iff / ;/+ If0f ug'{k5{ . vf;df uk' mf eg]sf] k|s[ltsf] ;'Gb/ l;h{gf xf] . oxL l;h{gf g} xfd|f kv' f{x¿sf] ;aeGbf k'/fgf] jf;:yfg lyof] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ *= tnsf zAbx¿ cz4' 5g\\ . z'4 kf/L ;fg{'xf];\\ M -s_ ze\" , pmiff, bi\" 6, aa\" f, s\"jf, h\"7f], r\"rf], gg\" -v_ cb\"jf, eu\"jf, cu\"N6f], dgi\" o, es\"G8f], s's\"/, cgx\" f/, v's/\" L -u_ cfn,\" df;,\" 7fpmF, ;fg,\" tfn,\" uf]¿, l;kfn,\" dfofn\" 42 jv} /L sIff ^

;dx\" df efiff != bO' { bO' { hgfsf] ;dx\" df tnsf] vfnL 7fpdF f ljleGg :yfgsf] gfd nV] gx' f;] \\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ bz ldg6] df sg' ;dx\" n] ;ae} Gbf a9L 7fpxF ¿sf] gfd nV] g ;Sof] < @= tkfOsF{ f kfrF hgf ;fyLsf] gfd nV] gx' f;] \\ . pgLx¿nfO{ ;fw] L pgLx¿n] kl5Nnf] ;do ed| 0f u/s] f] :yfg / ed| 0f u/s] f] ldlt nV] gx' f;] \\ . ca pgLx¿ sg' :yfg ed| 0f ug{ rfxG5g\\ < Tof] klg ;fw] /] nV] gx' f;] \\ M qm=;=+ ;fyLsf] gfd ev{/} e|d0f e|d0f e|d0f ug{ u/]sf] :yfg u/]sf] ldlt rfx]sf] :yfg ! @ # $ % jv} /L sIff ^ 43

l;h{gf÷n3' kl/ofh] gf != tnsf] vfnL 7fpFdf g]kfnsf] gS;f agfpg'xf];\\ . ca To; gS;fdf sf7df8f,F} kf]v/f, Onfd, gk] fnuGh, :juå{ f/L / n'lDagL sxfF k5g{ \\ < b]vfpg'xf];\\ . To;kl5 tL 7fpF lsg kl| ;4 5g\\ < Ps Ps jfSodf atfpgx' f;] \\ M @= tkfOsF{ f] ufpF jf 6fn] sf] af/d] f Ps ;o zAbdf j0fg{ ug{'xf];\\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 44 jv} /L sIff ^

kf7– $ lr7L rk6] f jv} /L sIff ^ 45

kj\" k{ 7g õ dflysf lrqx¿ s] s]sf xf]nfg\\ < ltgLx¿lar s] s'/fsf] ;dfgtf 5 < õ dflysf dWo] tkfOn{F fO{ ;aeGbf dg kg{] lrq sg' xf] < lsg < hflg/fVg'kg{] s]xL zAbfyx{ ¿ ;fb/ M cfb/;lxt ufy M z/L/Ù lhpÙ HofgÙ b]x cfxf/ljxf/ M vfgkfg / 3d' lkm/ Jofofd M s;/t ;~rf/ dfWod M kqklqsf, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg, 6]lnkmf]g cflb ;r\" gf, ;dfrf/ cfbfgk|bfg ug]{ ;fwgx¿ dxfdf/L M x}hf, Kn]u cflb ;ª\\qmfds /f]uÙ b];fg hflgkmsf/ M hfGg]a'‰g]Ù hfgsf/ cjnf]sg M Wofgkj\" {s x]g]{ sfd 46 jv} /L sIff ^