ชฎาพร โพคัยสวรรค์

190 “baby 1 elephant” มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง (supporting details) 2 There are many types of guestroom available at the hotel. The first type is a single room for one person. The second is a double room which is very comfortable for two people. Finally, a suite, a luxury room, is also offered. (Western Language Program Staff, 2017, p.56) 2 “hotel guestroom types” (supporting details) 2) 3 (detail) (reading for details) 2 1)

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 191 1. (major supporting detail) 2. (minor supporting detail) (outline) 3 Glasses People wear glasses for various reasons. First, many people wear glasses to see clearer. One who has a myopic can see clearer when he wears concave lenses. One who has a hyperopic can see clearer when he wears convex lenses. Second, some use glasses to protect their eyes. They protect their eyes from young sunlight. They protect their eyes from strong wind. They protect their eyes from dust. Finally, others put glasses on as decorative. 3 “Glasses” ( ) TOPIC : Glasses TOPIC SENTENCE : People wear glasses for various reasons. DETAIL : major supporting details/minor supporting details A. Many people wear glasses to see clearer. 1. One who has a myopic can see clearer when he wears concave lenses. 2. One who has a hyperopic can see clearer where he wears convex lenses. B. Some use glasses to protect their eyes. 1. They protect their eyes from strong sunlight. 2. They protect their eyes from strong wind. 3. They protect their eyes from dust. C. Others put glasses on as decorative.

192 3 People wear glasses for various reasons. ( ) 3 1) Many people wear glasses to see clearer. ( ) 2) Some use glasses to protect their eyes. ( ) 3) Others put glasses on as decorative. ( ) มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 2 1.1) One who has a myopic can see clearer when he wears concave lenses. ( ) 1.2) One who has a hyperopic can see clearer when he wears convex lenses. ( ) 2.1) They protect their eyes from strong sunlight. ( ) 2.2) They protect their eyes from strong wing. ( ) 2.3) They protect their eyes from dust. ( ) 4 How to Be Healthy Some people believe that there are many ways leading to a healthy life. First, you should exercise regularly and be active. Then you should have decent meals and avoid fatty food. Eating vegetables and fresh fruits and drinking pure water should be added. Next, you should relax after work and have a good night sleep. (Western Language Program Staff, 2017, p. 61) 4 “How to Be Healthy” ( ) TOPIC : How to Be Healthy TOPIC SENTENCE : Some people believe that there are many ways leading to a healthy life. DETAIL : major supporting details A. You should exercise regularly and be active. B. You should have decent meals and avoid fatty food. C. Eating vegetables and fresh fruits and drinking pure water should be added. D. You should relax after work and have a good night sleep.

193 4 Some people believe that there are many ways leading to a healthy life. ( ) 4 1) You should exercise regularly and be active. ( ) 2) You should have decent meals and avoid fatty food. ( มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง ) 3) Eating vegetables and fresh fruits and drinking pure water should be added. ( ) 4) You should relax after work and have a good night sleep. ( ) Activity 7.1 : Read each of the following passages, and decide what its topic, main Idea, major details and minor details are. Then, choose the item listed under the passage to complete the outline. 1. People have different desires in using vehicles. Some purchase a sedan because it is more attractive, and convenient to drive. A station wagon is needed for a large family or a person having many things to carry while travelling. Furthermore, a trader prefers to buy a truck for his/her business. 1.1 Vehicles 1.2 Different desires 1.3 It is more attractive, and convenient to drive. 1.4 A station wagon is needed for a large family or a person having many things to carry while travelling. 1.5 People have different desires in using vehicles. 1.6 Different desires in using vehicles 1.7 Some purchase a sedan because it is more attractive, and convenient to drive. 1.8 A trader prefers to buy a truck for his/her business. 1.9 People purchase a sedan, a station wagon and a truck for their business.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 194 Topic : _____________________________________________________ Main idea : _________________________________________________ Details : Major supporting details A. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ B. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ C. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 2. When going to China, most tourists are interested in visiting Beijing. It is a combination of old and modern traditions. Tourists can absorb the ancient atmosphere while visiting temples, palaces, the Great Wall of China and so on. After visiting these historical attractions, they can go back to take a rest at a luxury hotel and shop at a modern shopping arcades. 2.1 Old and modern traditions 2.2 Historical attractions 2.3 Going to China 2.4 The charm of Beijing 2.5 Tourists can absorb the ancient atmosphere while visiting temples, palaces, the Great Wall of China and so on. 2.6 China 2.7 It is a combination of old and modern traditions. 2.8 Most tourists are interested in visiting Beijing. 2.9 Tourists can go back to take a rest at a luxury hotel and shop at a modern shopping arcades. 2.10 Tourists can go to China and Beijing.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 195 Topic : _____________________________________________________ Main idea : _________________________________________________ Details : Major supporting details /Minor supporting details A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 3. Finding a good job requires a great deal of work. Job seekers should tell as many people as possible that they are available for employment. For example, they can tell friends and relatives, inform college career placement officers, and call employment agencies. They can also send résumés to possible employers. In addition, they can read the job description ads in newspapers. ( , 2558, 234) 3.1 A great deal of work 3.2 Job seekers should inform college career placement officers. 3.3 Finding a good job requires a great deal of work. 3.4 Finding a good job 3.5 Job seekers should call employment agencies. 3.6 Job seekers should tell as many people as possible that they are available for employment. 3.7 They can also send résumés to possible employers. 3.8 They can read the job description ads in newspapers. 3.9 They are available for employment. 3.10 They can tell friends and relatives, inform college career placement officers, and call employment agencies.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 196 Topic : _____________________________________________________ Main idea : _________________________________________________ Details : Major supporting details A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 4. When I close my eyes, I can see my future wife. She will look beautiful, of course! But she will also have many beautiful qualities on the inside. She will be a cheerful person. I am a pessimist, so I want a wife to smile at me and make me happy. I like to hear laughter in the house. I want a self-confident wife. If she has confidence in herself, she will not be afraid to try new things, and will succeed. If she fails she will not be afraid to try again. She will be gentle. When I have a hard day at work, I want to come home to a gentle wife. Her soft way will make me feel better. I think children need a gentle mother. My wife will always be faithful to me. I want her to love only me and not look at any other man. Then, our hearts will be safe. (Singleton, 2005, p.102) 4.1 She will be a cheerful person. 4.2 My future wife will look beautiful. 4.3 She will be gentle. 4.4 I want a wife to smile at me and make me happy. 4.5 My future wife 4.6 She will always be faithful. 4.7 Our heart will be safe. 4.8 My future wife will look beautiful and have many beautiful qualities on the inside.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 197 4.9 Beautiful qualities. 4.10 I want to come home to a gentle wife. 4.11 I like to hear laughter in the house. 4.12 If she fails, she will not be afraid to try again. 4.13 I want her to love only me. 4.14 Her soft way will make me feel better. 4.15 She will not be afraid to try new things. 4.16 She will be a self-confident wife. 4.17 I think children need a gentle mother. 4.18 I can see my future wife. Topic : _____________________________________________________ Main idea : _________________________________________________ Details : Major supporting details/Minor supporting details A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 198 3. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ D. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 5. All of us contribute to pollution. We thoughtlessly toss gum wrappers and cigarette butts onto the street. We use throw-away packages, like paper milk cartons, instead of bottles, which can be returned to the manufacturer. We use phosphate-containing detergents to wash our clothes, and these phosphates pollute our rivers and lakes. We use pesticides to kill insects, and these pollute both our soil and water. We ride car which spew lead and carbon monoxide into the air. (Sherboune, 1977, p. 170) 5.1 Pollution 5.2 Causes of pollution 5.3 We toss gum wrappers and cigarette butts onto the street. 5.4 We ride car. 5.5 All of us contribute to pollution. 5.6 We use throw-away packages. 5.7 Bottles can be returned to the manufactures.. 5.8 We use pesticides to kill insects. 5.9 We use phosphate-containing detergents to wash our clothes. 5.10 Human can reduce pollution.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 199 Topic : _____________________________________________________ Main idea : _________________________________________________ Details : Major supporting details A. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ B. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ C. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ D. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ E. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ (reading for details) (prediction) 1. 2.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 200 3. 3.1 (examples) 3.2 (definition) 3.3 (description) 3.4 (explanation) 3.5 (classification) 3.6 (compare of similarities) 3.7 (contrast of differences) 3.8 (reasons) 3.9 (cause and effect) 4. (transitional markers) (signpost) because for example

201 4.1 another moreover and in addition furthermore also resemble as if 4.2 similarly in the same manner มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง like likewise however in contrast instead on the contrary 4.3 nevertheless in spite of but conversely on the other hand yet though such as to illustrate although particularly to be specific 4.4 due to because of for example for instance accordingly as a result consequently for this reason 4.5 as a result of in other words that is to say 4.6 thus then after therefore further afterwards before finally 4.7 indeed in conclusion to summarize in fact in a nutshell to sum up to conclude to conclude 4.8 first next later 4.9 in brief in short in summary

202 1. Many poor students became famous 2. men. มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 3. Who, What, Where, When, Why How There are several types of books. What are they ? What are these types of books ? The company will not be able to introduce its new products by the end of the year. Why won’t it be able to introduce them ? Why ? What are the reasons ? 4. First, Second, Third First, Next, Then First Second Third 5 (1) Traffic has recently become a serious a serious problem in the capital of my country. (2) There are three reasons. (3) First, the number are more cars than the streets can accommodate. (4) Second, the streets are old and narrow. (5) Because there are few garages or parking lots, these narrow streets are made even more narrow by cars parked along the side. (6) Third, many drivers do not obey regulations, so many traffic jams results from cars going the wrong way on a one-way street. (Chalermpatarakul et al, 2005, p.58) 5 12 three causes of traffic problems 3 3, 4 6

203 First, Second Third First The number of automobiles has doubled in the past five years. Second 2 The streets are old and narrow. Third 3 Many drivers do not obey regulations. 5 มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 4 6 Ocean water contains many of the same elements found on the earth’s crust. For example, magnesium is plentiful in ocean water. Baron, bromide and fluorine are also found considerable amounts. Gold, silver, aluminum and iron, on the other hand, are present only in small amount. 6 3 For example, also on the other hand Activity 7.2 : Read each of the following passages carefully. Then write out its topic, main idea, major details and minor details. 1. Although seat belts have been shown to save lives, people give a number of reasons for not using them. First, many people think they are a nuisance. They say the belt is uncomfortable and inhibits freedom of movement. Second, many people are lazy. For them it is too much trouble to put on and adjust a seat belt, especially if they are not going a long distance. Third, some people don’t believe they will have an accident because they are careful and experienced drivers. They think they will be able to respond quickly to avoid a crash. Finally, some people are afraid the seat belt will trap them in their car. If they have an accident, they might not be able to get out of a car that is burning, or they might be unconscious and another person won’t be able to

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 204 get them out. All of these reasons seem in adequate since statistics show that wearing seat belts save lives and prevents serious injuries. Topic : ____________________________________________________ Main idea : ________________________________________________ Details : A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ D. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. There are several features of spoken English that make it difficult for me to understand. First, many words are not pronounced as they are spelled, so when I learn new words through reading, I sometimes don’t understand them when they are spoken. Second, native speakers contract words and phrases. “What are you doing ?” becomes “Whacha doin ?” In my opinion, people should speak clearly. Third, native speakers have a wide range of accents. A British accent is different from an American one. Fourth, there are lots of idioms and slang expressions. These expressions also differ depending on the area a speaker is from. Finally, there are

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 205 sounds that don’t exist in my language but do exist in English. These sounds are difficult for me to extinguish. Topic : ____________________________________________________ Main idea : ________________________________________________ Details : A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ D. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ E. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 3. Stamps are excellent sources of historical information. Almost every nation celebrates its military heroes and political readers on its postage stamps. But scientists and artists, from Einstein to Beethoven, also grace the stamps of the world. Famous battles are frequently commemorated, as well as buildings and scenes that

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 206 have historical significance. Several of the world’s stamps are beautiful, full color reproductions of the art master pieces of different historical period. Topic : ____________________________________________________ Main idea : ________________________________________________ Details : A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ D. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ E. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 4. I believe that all students in all countries should study a foreign languages. First, knowing another language can help you in your life. If you speak more than one language, you have a better chance for a good job. Second, when you study another language, you learn about the world and its cultures. A language is not separate from the people who speak it. When you learn a language, you learn more than words. Finally, when you study a different language, you learn about yourself. Learning another language gives you the chance to look at your own language and culture through someone else’s eyes. (Singleton, 2005, p.116) Topic : ____________________________________________________ Main idea : ________________________________________________ Details : A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 207 B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 5. Can animals solve problems? Certain instances show that they can. Animals have found ways of escaping confinement. Horses have unbarred gates; dogs have unlatched doors. Animals have learned unusual methods of obtaining food. One dog brought his dish from the basement and presented it to his master when he was hungry. Apes learned to use tokens to obtain food from machines. And in a way that seems truly astonishing, animals have met danger by changing their way of life. Sea otters, faced with extinction in the 1880’s, left their homes on the beaches of the northern Pacific and moved out to the kelp in the sea. (Sherbourne, 1977, p.172) Topic : ____________________________________________________ Main idea : ________________________________________________ Details : A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 208 C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 6. A policeman can stop a car by raising his hand. A shopper will often point at the items she wants to buy and frown at the price. These gestures are often used to emphasize an overt thought, but gesture may also reveal a concealed emotion. A criminal may reveal his guilt by unknowingly lowering his eyes at the mention of the crime. Clenched fists may indicate anger or hostility even though a person is outwardly friendly. Topic : ____________________________________________________ Main idea : ________________________________________________ Details : A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ D. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 7. If you have a favourite color, it may be a clue to your personality. Psychologists, who have done much research with colour preferences, found that people who prefer red clothes were often talented, flashy and tempermental. Those who selected yellow were found to be warm, open and secure. Strong-willed people favour white, and reasonably friendly people dress predominately in hues of green.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 209 Topic : _____________________________________________________ Main idea : _________________________________________________ Details : A. _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ B. _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ C. _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ D. _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 8. Many scientists believe that life on earth will eventually end. The oxygen supply in our atmosphere, for example, has been gradually decreasing and will be used up in a billion years. Other fates may overtake us before that time. The sun may explode, as other stars occasionally do, destroying life in an instant. Or, another star may pass so close us to disrupt the gravitational pull between the sun and the earth and shift the earth closer to the sun, where it will face destruction from the intense heat. Topic : ____________________________________________________ Main idea : ________________________________________________ Details : A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 210 9. Americans are very restless people. They never really relax. They do everything quickly. They walk rapidly and talk quickly and eat hastily. They work hard. Time is very important to Americans. They are always looking at clocks or watches and are never unaware of the time or date. Topic : ____________________________________________________ Main idea : ________________________________________________ Details : A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ D. _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 10. To be a good reader, in order to achieve understanding enough information in a passage, you must be careful to go through the following steps. First, make a good survey of the passage. To do this, you only read the first and last lines and let your eyes quickly pick up as many words as you can in a few seconds. A survey should not take more than 10 seconds. When you finish your survey, you know something, but not very much. Second, ask yourself some questions that are of interest to you from the words you have noticed in your survey. For example, if in your survey you noticed the words “made” your questions might be “who made something?” “When did they make it?” where did they made it? Why did they made it? What was it made of/from? Whether the answers appear in the passage or not, it is not important. What is important is that you have a specific aim in reading. Third, read to find specific information that will answer your questions or that will bring to new questions. At this stage you should not read every

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 211 word, but you should scan the passage-keep your eyes moving quickly, looking for specific information. Finally, review-read again to pick up missing details and skim the passage or getting the topic and the main idea of the passage by asking yourself “what does the writer talk about? And what does the writer want to say?” Then you identify the major details that support the main idea and see if any major details have minor details. Topic : ____________________________________________________ Main idea : ________________________________________________ Details : A. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 3. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ B. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 3. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ C. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________

212 D. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 1. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง (reading for details) 2 1) (major supporting detail) (minor supporting detail) 2) 1) 2) 3) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (8) (6) (7) (9) 4) 1) 2) 3) Who, What, When, Where, Why How 4) 1. 2. (details) 3. (reading for details) 4. 5.

213 (main , 2551, 66) “ idea) (details) ”( 6. 7. 8. 9. (transitional markers) 9 10. มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง

214 . (2547). . :. . (2551). .: มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง. . (2558). .: . Chalermpatarakul, C. et al. (2005). Systematic Reading 1 Bangkok: Thammasat University Press. Sherboune, J.F. (1997). Toward Reading Comprehension. (2nd ed.). Lexington: D.C. Health and Company. Singleton, J. (2005). Writers at Work : The Paragraph . New York: Cambridge University Press. Western Language Program Staff. (2017). English Reading in Daily Life. Bangkok: Suthphaisarn Builder.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 8 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3

216 2.4มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 2.5 2.6 2.7 1. 2. PowerPoint 3. LCD Projector 4. Notebook 1. 2. 3. 2. 3.

217 8 (Linguistic competence) (Phonetics) มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง (Syntax) (Semantics) (Background knowledge) (Reading strategy) (Interest) (Motivation) (Devine, 1986) (Brown, 2001) 10 1) 2) (word formation) 3) (silent reading) 4) (skimming) 5) (scanning) 6) (mind map) 7) (prediction) 8) (word analysis) 9) (literal meaning) (implied meaning) 10) (discourse markers) 1-7 , 2551, 4) 350-400 (Smith, 1963, p.5 (Skimming) (Scanning) 2

218 (Skimming) 2 1) (News headlines) 2) Activity 8.1 : Study the cover of the following magazines. Then, answer the questions. มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง

มหาวทิ ยาลยั ราชภัฏหม่บู า้ นจอมบงึ 219

มหาวทิ ยาลยั ราชภัฏหม่บู า้ นจอมบงึ 220 8.1 (Google Image, 2020, n.p.)

221 1. Araya A Hargate is a fashionista; which magazine would she read ? __________________________________________________________ 2. Joseph is interested in money and investment; which magazine would he read ? __________________________________________________________ 3. Nadech Kugimiya is an actor and loves films; which magazine would he read ? __________________________________________________________ 4. Mario Maurer wants to be a healthy man; which magazine would he read ? __________________________________________________________ 5. Tata Young is a famous singer; which magazine would she read ? __________________________________________________________ 6. Kimberly likes to travel around the world; which magazine would she read ? __________________________________________________________ 7. Magarette is interested in cooking; which magazine would she read ? __________________________________________________________ 8. Jimmy has a 2 month-old daughter and needs information for raising baby; which magazine would he read ? __________________________________________________________ 9. Susan wants to design and decorate some pictures; which magazine would she read ? __________________________________________________________ 10. John wants to buy a sport car; which magazine would he read ? __________________________________________________________ มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง

222 Activity 8.2 : Study the first page of the following newspaper and answer the questions. มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง

มหาวทิ ยาลยั ราชภัฏหม่บู า้ นจอมบงึ 223

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 224 8.2 (Google Image, 2020, n.p.) 1. Which newspaper comes from India ? __________________________________________________________ 2. Which newspaper comes from New Zealand ? __________________________________________________________ 3. Which newspaper comes from the USA ? __________________________________________________________ 4. Which newspaper comes from China ? __________________________________________________________ 5. Which newspaper comes from Thailand ? __________________________________________________________ 6. Which newspaper comes from Canada ? __________________________________________________________

225 7. Which newspaper reports a story about Kate Middleton, Duchess of Cambridge ? __________________________________________________________ 8. Which newspaper reports a story about child suicide ? __________________________________________________________ 9. Which newspaper reports a story about Yingluck Shinawatra ? __________________________________________________________ 10. Which newspaper reports a story about pre-reform mail system ? __________________________________________________________ มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 1. (preview) 2. (main idea) (paragraph) “” 3. “” 4. 5.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 226 3 (topic sentence) 1 Most buyers like the chance to have a choice when they buy : telephones available in different colors, cat food in different flavors, saving bonds in different denominations, suits in different styles. Going one step beyond this, some products can even be customized to your specifications. When buying a car you order only the options you want. These choices are possible because the car maker and the restaurateur have a wide variety of options and foods on hand. They are able to provide you with the exact product you want and prevent you from going somewhere else. 1 (skim) (topic sentence) Most buyers like the chance to have a choice when they buy. 2 In our speech we should use transitions because they show how we get from one point to the next. They are sign posts and pointers that make clear where we have been, where we are, and where we are headed. Transitions make the journey through a speech smooth, pleasant, and easy. There should be a transition between the introduction and the body of the speech and between the body and the conclusion. If you begin a speech with a story, you need a transition to the purpose sentence. Following are several transitions that you might use to link the major points, the supporting materials, the introduction, and the conclusion.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 227 2 We should use transitions in our speech because they show how we get from one point to the next. Activity 8.3 : Skim the following paragraph and answer the questions. 1. Not only do CB radios give people with different interests and occupations a chance to communicate, they also have many benefits which are more practical. If there is an accident on the highway, a CB operator can quickly summon help. As a result, lives may be saved, and the road can be opened more quickly to normal traffic flow. CB’ers also warn other drivers about congested traffic conditions that they encounter. Those drivers who are listening on their CB’s can then detour around the jam and arrive at their destinations faster. The CB also helps the driver who gets drowsy; he is able to talk to someone until he can stop for coffee or find a place to pull off the road safety and rest. Another advantage of the CB is that a driver can call for help immediately if he breaks down in an isolated area. This is especially helpful for older people or woman who haven’t attended a power-puff mechanic’s course. Finally, the CB can tell a driver about the location of speed traps. This should be the least important reason for buying a CB, because speed limits save lives. For these reasons, everyone should consider having a CB in his car or truck. (Donald & others, 1978, p. 217 , 2556, 30)

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 228 1.1 What does the writer talk about ? __________________________________________________________ 1.2 What is the purpose of the writer ? __________________________________________________________ 1.3 How many benefits of CB the writer provides are there ? __________________________________________________________ 2. On April 10, 1912, the ocean liner, Titanic, left the docks of Southampton, England, on its maiden voyage across the North Atlantic to New York. A proud symbol of the new industrial age, the towering ship carried 2,300 passengers, some enjoying more luxury than most travelers today could imagine. Crowded into the lower decks, however, were poor immigrants, journeying to what they hoped would be a better life in the United states. On April 14, the crew received reports of icebergs in the area but paid little notice. Then, near midnight, as the ship steamed swiftly and silently westward, a lookout was stunned to see a massive shape rising out of the dark ocean directly ahead. Moments later, the ship collided with a huge iceberg, almost as tall as the Titanic itself, which opened the starboard side of the ship as if it were a giant tin can. Sea water exploded into the vessel’s lower levels, and within twenty-five minutes people were crowding into the lifeboats. By 2 a.m. the bow of the Titanic was submerged and the stern reared high above the water. There on the deck, silently observed by those in the lifeboats, stood hundreds of helpless passengers solemnly passing their final minutes before the ship disappeared into the frigid Atlantic (Lord, 1976) The tragic loss of more than 1,600 lives shocked the world. Looking back dispassionately at this terrible incident with a sociological eye, however, we see that some categories of passengers had much better odds of survival than others. Of those holding first-class tickets, more than 60 percent were saved, primarily because they were on the upper decks, where warnings were sounded first and lifeboats were accessible. Only 36 percent of the second-class passengers survived, and of the third- class passengers on the lower decks, only 24 percent escaped drowning. On board the

229 Titanic, class turned out to mean much more than the quality of accommodations: it was truly a matter of life or death. ( , 2556, 38-39) 2.1 The writer is saying that _____________________________________. 2.2 The sinking of the Titanic is caused by ________________________. 2.3 The Titanic sank in approximately ________________________hours. 2.4 The number of passengers who perished was __________________. มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง Activity 8.4 : Skim each of the following paragraphs to find one particular piece of information. 1. Look for : the court which made decision in the case of the David J. Adams _______________________________________________________________ A diplomatic correspondence ensued with the United States Government protesting against what it contended to be a misinterpretation of the Treaty of 1818 by the Canadian Government and His Britannic Majesty’s Government that, as the case of the David J. Adams was still subjudice, diplomatic action was to be suspended for the time being. After having been somewhat delayed, by reason of certain negotiations which took place in 1886-1888 between the two Governments concerning fisheries, the action for forfeiture of the David J. Adams and her cargo was decided on October 28, 1889, by the Vice- Admiralty Court at Halifax. The ship and her cargo were condemned as forfeited to Her Britannic Majesty for breach and violation of the Convention and the various Acts in relation thereto, and ordered to be sold at public auction. ( , 2551, 125)

230 2. Look for : the date of the Navemar’s arrival at Buenos Aires _______________________________________________________________ The shippers agreed to make arrangements to deliver the rest of the linseed มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง cargo to the Navemar when she arrived at Buenos Aires, and the representative of the Linea Sud-Americana, Inc., the charterer of the steamship Navemar, informed him that he would call at the consul’s office at Rosario when it opened the next morning, to obtain the ship’s roll and would send it by mail to Martinez, c/o Linea Sud-Americana, Inc., at Buenos Aires. Accordingly, the Navemar sailed at 5 P.M., October 23, 1936, without her ship’s roll. After the Navemar’s return to Buenos Aires, arriving there at 2 P.M., October 24, 1936, he was informed that the Spannish Consul at Rosario had declined to deliver the ship’s roll to the agent of the Linea Sud-Americana, Inc., and would deliver it only to the master of the Navemar. Subsequently the Spanish Consul General at Buenos Aires obtained the ship’s register from the master and returned both it and ship’s roll to him. The master noted the indorsement thereon made by the Consul at Rosario and on the register by the Consul General at Buenos Aires. The latter said he had no instructions to make with respect to the Navemar and that she should continue her voyage. Nothing was said about taking possession. The Spanish Consul General at Buenos Aires, however, did tell Martinez to notify Madrid that he was sailing, and accordingly Martinez did cable the General Director of Merchant Marine at Madrid, on October 29, 1936: “Authorized by Consul General here sail for New York. Greetings. (Signed) Master Navemar.” ( , 2551, 125) 3. Look for : the date of the Treaty of Paris _______________________________________________________________ The Congress of Vienna, meeting from September 1814 to June 1815, assumed, like the congresses of Osnabruck and Munster, what was practically the role of a great law-making body. It formed new states by the union of Sweden and Norway and of Holland and Belgium, and it confirmed the action of Napoleon in consolidating

231 the numerous German states and formed them into a loose confederation of thirty-nine members. Its chief object, however, was the restoration of the balance of power in Europe which had been so greatly unsettled. The leading powers had announced in the Treaty of Paris of May 30, 1814, that it was their desire “to put an end to the long disturbance of Europe and to the suffering of the people by a stable peace based มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง upon a just division of forces between the powers and carrying with it a guarantee of its permanence.” But the purpose thus announced was completely frustrated by the reactionary principles which dominated the congress. The decisions taken by it proved to be the occasion throughout the nine-teenth century of new wars to undo the plans so carefully made. Domestic revolution followed in the wake of the restoration of the deposed monarches, and wars of liberation followed the suppression of aspirations for national union. ( , 2551, 124) (scanning) , 2551, 122) (Richards & Schmidt, 2010; - 1. 2-3 2. 3.

232 4. มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 3 Rangoon-Burma launched an ambitious e-education program over the weekend with the opening of 2003 electronic learning centers in all states and divisions nationwide, official media reports said recently. The “Electronic Data Boardcasting System” we officially inaugurated recently by the Ministry of Education and Ministry of information, said the state run New Light of Myanmar newspaper. Under the program, students will have access to lectures on “academic subjects and technology subjects” at special learning centers via computer, satellite links and television. 1. Where in Burma inaugurated e-education program ? Answer : Burma inaugurated e-education program in Rangoon. 2. When did e-education program open ? Answer : E-education program opened only weekend. 3. Which subjects did the students have on this program ? Answer : The students had to access on academic subject and technology subject. 3 1-3 1 “Rangoon” (Rangoon) 2 “only weekend” “Burma launched an ambitious e-education program over the weekend with the opening …” “over the weekend”

233 (- ) 3 “technology and academic subjects” 2 “students will have access to lectures on academic subjects and technology subjects ………………….” มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 4 The White House, the official home of the President of the United States, was designed by the architect, Jame Hoban, who is said to have been influenced by the design of a palace in Ireland. The building was begun in 1972 and was first occupied by President and Mrs. John Adams in November 1800. The house received its present name when it was painted white after being damaged by fire in 1841. 1. When was the White House first occupied ? Answer : The White House was first occupied in November 1800. 2. According to the passage, why was the President’s house called the “White House” ? Answer : The President’s house called the “White House” because it was painted white after being damaged by fire in 1814. 4 1-2 1 “in November 1800” ( . . 1800) “...and was first occupied by President and Mrs. John Adams in November 1800.” 2 “It was painted white.” “The White House” ( ) . . 1814 “The house received its present name when it was painted white after being damaged by fire in 1841.” -

234 Activity 8.5 : Scan the information from this airport departure notice board and shortly answer the questions below. AIRLINEมหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบงFLIGHT NUMBERDESTINATIONDEPARTURE TIME BA 304 Sao Pao 10.01 BA 902 Zurich 10.18 LH 612 Stuttgart 10.26 PAN AM 786 Los Angeles 10.30 KLM 332 Madrid 10.35 KLM 622 Amman 10.50 KLM 801 Stockholm 10.58 LH 205 delhi 11.00 1. How many British Airways flights are there ? __________________________ 2. Which airline is flying to Amman ? __________________________ 3. Which flight takes off at 10.58 ? __________________________ 4. How many different destinations are there ? __________________________ 5. How many planes take off between 10.25 and 11 ? _______________________ 6. Where is the PAN Am flight going to ? __________________________ 7. When does flight 902 take off ? __________________________ 8. When does the flight for Stockholm take off ? __________________________ 9. Which airline is flying to Zurich ? __________________________ 10. Which flight takes off at 10.30 ? __________________________

235 Activity 8.6 : Scan the information from the travel schedule and shortly answer the questions about it. DESTINATION DISTANCE TIME FROM BANGKOK FROM BUS TRAIN มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง BANGKOK Ratchaburi 101 kms. 1 hr.30 mins.-2 hrs. 2 hrs.-2 hrs. 20 mins. Petchaburi 120 kms. 1 hr.45 mins.-2 hrs. 2 hrs.30 mins.-3 hrs. Kanchanaburi 129 kms. 2 hrs.-2 hrs. 30 mins. 2 hrs.30 mins.-3 hrs. Pattaya 200 kms. 2-3 hrs. - 1. How long does it take to get to Pattaya (from Bangkok) by bus ? _________________________________________________________ 2. Can you go there by train ? _________________________________________________________ 3. How far is Kanchanaburi from Bangkok ? _________________________________________________________ 5. How long does it take to get there by bus (from Bangkok) ? _________________________________________________________ 6. Which town would a tourist take the shortest time to get to ? _________________________________________________________ 7. Is Petchaburi the furthiest town from Bangkok ? _________________________________________________________ 8. How long does it take to get there by train (from Bangkok) ? _________________________________________________________ 9. Can you go to Ratchaburi by train ? _________________________________________________________ 10. How far is Ratchaburi from Bangkok ? _________________________________________________________

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 236 Activity 8.7 : Scan each chart and say whether the statements that follow are true or false. LABOUR STRIKES IN THAILAND ……………………… 1. The chart shows the times of labour strikes in relation to the number of workers involved in the strikes from 2013 to 2019. ……………………… 2. It can be concluded that 2013 was the year in which Thailand has experienced the most times of labour strikes. ……………………… 3. In 2017 the number of labour strikes was the lowest within the 7 years on the chart. ……………………… 4. In 2017 the number of workers went up as much as it did in 2015. ……………………… 5. It can be concluded that 2017 was the year in which Thailand has Experienced the least times of labour strikes.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 237 ……………………… 1. The chart above shows the circulation of the daily newspapers In Thailand. ……………………… 2. Morning Star, Financial Times and The Times are daily sold less than a million copies. ……………………… 3. The Daily Express is distributed less than The Guardian. ……………………… 4. Daily Mirror is the most popular newspaper in Great Britain. ……………………… 5. The Daily Telegraph and Daily Mail are sold more than 3 million copies. ……………………… 6. The Sun and Daily Express are produced more than 3 million copies a day. ……………………… 7. Morning Star is sold less than The Sun. ……………………… 8. The Sun and Daily Express are sold more than Daily Mail. ……………………… 9. The Daily Telegraph and The Guardian are distributed more than The Times. ……………………… 10. The Times is produced as much as Financial Times.

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 238 Activity 8.8 : Read the questions first. Then scan the paragraph to find the answer of the following questions. 1. In short, the way to wealth, if you desire it, is as plain as the way to market. It depends chiefly on two words, industry and frugality; that is, waste neither time nor money, but make the best use of both. Without industry and frugality nothing will do, and with them everything. He that gets well he can honestly, and saves all he gets (necessary expenses excepted) will certainly become rich, if that being who governs the world, to whom all should look for a blessing on their honest endeavours, doth not, in his wise providence, otherwise determine. 1.1 What are the two words that lead to wealth ? __________________________________________________________ 1.2 What is the advice to a young trademan ? __________________________________________________________ 1.3 To what does the writer compare the way to wealth ? __________________________________________________________ 2. On Tuesday, August 30, Mr.Blank a prominent local citizen, arrived home from work to find his apartment had been robbed. The thieves somehow managed to slip past building security at 131 West Elm Street with nearly all of Mr.Blank’s belongings. In fact, the thieves left behind nothing but a stack of old Home Decorator magazines and a can of pork and beans. The robbery was reported by Mr.Blank’s neighbor, who found Mr.Blank unconscious in his doorway. Apparently Mr.Blank was so shocked by the robbery that he fainted. His neighbor immediately called an ambulance and then the police. Mr.Blank is now staying with relatives and is offering a reward of $25,000 for any information leading to the arrest of the thieves. 2.1 What happened to Mr.Blank ? __________________________________________________________ 2.2 When did it happened ? __________________________________________________________

มหา ิวทยา ัลยราช ัภฏห ู่ม ้บานจอม ึบง 239 2.3 Where did it happen ? __________________________________________________________ 2.4 How did Mr.Blank react ? __________________________________________________________ 2.5 Who called the police ? __________________________________________________________ 2.6 What was left in the apartment ? __________________________________________________________ Activity 8.9 : Read the question first. Then scan the passages and answer the questions. 1. The frequency of a vibration is described by _______________________ a. its pitch b. its loudness c. the number of vibrations per second d. its speed 2. Sound waves travel _____________________________________________ a. 900,000 feet per minute b. one thousandth of an inch per second c. 186,000 miles per second d. 1,075 feet per second 3. The early telephone employed ___________________________________ a. amplification of the voice b. steel organ reeds over electromagnets c. the principles of harmony d. a very short circuit 4. Alexander Graham Bell was helped in his telephone experiments by ___ a. his knowledge of vocal-cord vibrations b. a great many assistants c. his great manual dexterity d. his broad knowledge of science