คู่มือนักศึกษา 2558

Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z ²žŒÖ t¤ ›t© œ¥Šz¤¸ “¥wŽtˆ,§ “¥wt›.•}. °˜£“¥w t›.Ž. °ˆzÕ t¥•²ž‰Ö t¬ –£¯•¨  ‡Öš•”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wو–£žŒ¤t²Œwš¥”¯ŽÝŒ–£¯¨•¯–¨•–Ö •²Œ¯–·ª zt¥–°ˆÕzt¥•u zŒ¤t›©tœ¥“¥wŽtˆ§, “¥w t›.•}. °˜£“¥w t›.Ž. (–š”‰©z›¬Œ•Ù²žÖ–§t¥–t¥–›©tœ¥Š«t›¬Œ•Ù) ¯‘ª· ¯ŽÝŒt¥––Ö¥z¯t¨•–ˆ§ }·ª ¯¨•zu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•¢ °˜£¯‘·ª ²žÖ ‡w˜Ö zt¤Œ±•¥•t¥–Ž–£t¤Œw«†“¥‘t¥–›©tœ¥²Œ‡¥Ö Œt¥–‘…¤ Œ¥w« ˜t§ “¥‘u zŒt¤ ›t© œ¥ ‡z¤ ŒŒ¤¸ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ¢ u ²žŒÖ t¤ ›t© œ¥Šz¤¸ “¥wŽtˆ,§ “¥w t›.•}. °˜£“¥wt›.Ž. (–š”‰©z›¬Œ•Ù²žÖ–§t¥–t¥–›©tœ¥Š«t›¬Œ•Ù) Ž‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥”–£¯¨•¯t·¨•št¤t¥–°ˆÕzt¥• •Õ¥z¯w–Õzw–¤‡²Œt¥–¯uÖ¥žÖ z¯–¨•Œ žÖ z  ž–ª ˆ§‡ˆÕ –¥}t¥–žŒÕš•z¥ŒˆÕ¥z µ u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•¢ ˆ˜ ‡–£•£¯š˜¥Š·¨ •Õ¬“¥•²Œ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•¢ Š¤¸zŒ¸¨ ‰Ö¥ž¥t‘Œ¤t›©tœ¥°ˆÕzt¥•§‡–£¯¨•°˜£³”Õ¯ž”¥£”  ¥{¥–•Ù¬Ö Œž–ª  ¥{¥–•ÙÖ¬w«” ”¨ ¦Œ¥{Š·¨{£‘§{¥–†¥šÕ¥t˜Õ¥šˆ¤t¯ˆª Œž–ª •¤•¤¸z³”Õ²žÖŒ¤t›©tœ¥Ö¬Œ¸¤Œ¯uÖ¥žÖ z¯–¨•Œ žÖ z  –š”Š¸¤zžŒÕš•z¥ŒˆÕ¥z µ u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•¢ Š«tžŒÕš•z¥Œ”¨§Š‹§»Š·¨{£z‡ˆ§‡ˆÕ °˜£²žÖ–§t¥–t¤Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š·¨°ˆÕzt¥•³”Õ‰¬t–£¯¨•Št« t–†¨ {©z¯–¨•Œ”¥²žÖŠ–¥±‡•Š·¤št¤Œ Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š·¨ Æ ¯”œ¥•Œ ‘.›. ÁÄÄ¿ (– z›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•Ù ‡–.Ž–£¯Š ª z “”¬ “§ Š¤ –¥w”)  ‹t§ ¥–‡”¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -149- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ª· z t¥–t¦žŒ‡‘—ˆt§ ––”‡¥Ö Œw†« ‹––” {–•§ ‹––” ¦ž–¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ ‘.›. ÁÄÄà w«†‹––” {–§•‹––”u zŒ¤t›©tœ¥ ¯ŽÝŒw«†˜¤tœ†£Š¨·‘©zŽ–£zwÙ °˜£¯ŽÝŒŽÛ{{¤•¦w¤€u zw«†“¥‘¤†„§ˆ ˆ¥”¯{ˆŒ¥–”†Ùu z‘–£–¥}¤€€¤ˆ§t¥–›©tœ¥°žÕz}¥ˆ§ °˜£t– ”¥ˆ–ƒ¥Œw«†š«…§–£‡¤ «‡”›©tœ¥°žÕz}¥ˆ§ –š”Š¤¸zwš¥”w¥‡žšz¤ u z²Ö¬ }Ö †¤ „ˆ§ °˜£z¤ w” ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ {z© {‡¤ Ž–£t¥›|¤ Œu¨¸ Œ¸© ¯‘ ª· ²žÖ w« ˜¥t–u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤³‡–Ö ¤ Š–¥ °˜£Œ¦³Žt¬Õ ¥––šÕ ”” ª ²Œt¥–zÕ ¯–”§ °˜£˜t¤ ‡Œ¤ ²ž¯Ö t‡§ t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ˆ Õ ³Ž ‡z¤ ŒŒ¸¤ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤{z© t¦žŒ‡w†« ˜t¤ œ†£u z†¤ „ˆ§ ‡¥Ö Œw†« ‹––” {–•§ ‹––” ¦ž–¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²žÖ  ‡w˜ Ö zt¤ ž˜t¤ t¥–uŒ¸¤ ˆŒÖ Œ¨¸ u Ö À w«†˜¤tœ†£¤†„§ˆŠ¨·‘©zŽ–£zwÙu z¤†„§ˆ ˆ¥” ¤ˆ˜¤tœ†Ùu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• ³‡Ö°tÕ “Š¦z¥Œ¯ŽÝŒŠ¨”}¦Œ¥€¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ~ ·ª ˆ¤ •Ù {« –ˆ§ {ˆ§ ¥‹¥–†£ ˆ Õ }”« }Œ°˜£Š Ö z‰Œ·§ ” u Ö Á ‘—ˆ§t––”‡Ö¥Œw«†‹––” {–§•‹––”u zŒ¤t›©tœ¥ ž”¥•‰©z t¥–°‡z  tu zŒ¤t›©tœ¥Š·¨Ž–¥t‚ˆÕ t¥––¤–Ö¬u z¤zw”Š¤·š³Ž Š¦²žÖ¤zw”• ”–¤ }·ªŒ}” •t•Õ z°˜£¯ž¶Œw«†wÕ¥ ¯ŽÝŒ¬Ö”¨wš¥”‡¨z¥”Š·¨”¬–†Ù ”¨w«†“¥‘ˆ Õ z¤ w”²Œ Œ¥wˆŽ–£t ‡šÖ •‘—ˆt§ ––” à ‡¥Ö Œ ‡z¤ Œ¸¨ Á.À w«†‹––” {–§•‹––” ¯|‘¥£ˆŒ ‘—ˆ§t––”u zŒ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·°‡z  tŠ¥z‡Ö¥Œt¥–Ž–£ž•¤‡”¤‹•¤‰Ù ³”ՒЫ”¯’Ï • ³”Õ¯ŽÝŒŠ¥š¤ˆ‰«Œ§•” ¯ž¶Œw«†wÕ¥u zˆŒ¯ z ”¨ˆ§³”Õ¯t·¨•šuÖ zt¤•¥¯‘ˆ§‡°˜£¥”¥–‰wšw«”z¤ w¤ ²{ˆŒ¯ z³‡Ö Á.Á w«†‹––” {–§•‹––” ¯}§zŽ‚§¤”‘¤Œ‹Ùt¤«ww˜ ª·Œ ‘—ˆ§t––”‡Ö¥ŒŠ¤tœ£wš¥”¤”‘¤Œ‹Ù–£žšÕ¥z«ww˜°˜£wš¥”–¤§‡} u zŒ¤t›©tœ¥Š·¨°‡z  t‡Ö¥Œwš¥”~ª· ¤ˆ•Ù «{–§ˆ t¥–”¨{§ˆ¦Œ©tˆÕ š§‰¨}¨š§ˆŽ–£}¥‹§Ž³ˆ•t¥–• ”–¤ Œ¤ ‰ ª t¥–¯w¥–‘w« w˜ Œ·ª °˜£t¥–²ž¯Ö t•¨ –ˆ~§ z©· tŒ¤ °˜£tŒ¤ ~z·© {£Œ¦³Žw¬Õ š¥”¦¯–{¶ ²Œt¥–Š¦z¥Œ¯ŽŒÝ Š”¨ Á. w«†‹––” {–§•‹––” Š·¨¯t·¨•šuÖ zt¤”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• ‘—ˆ§t––”u zŒ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·°‡z  tŠ¥z‡Ö¥Œ–£¯¨•š§Œ¤• ‡Ö¥Œt¥–°ˆÕzt¥•ˆ¥”–£¯¨•”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• •©‡”¤·Œ°˜£Ž‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥” –£¯¨• uÖ ¤zw¤°˜£Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ t¥–²žwÖ š¥”¯w¥–‘Œ¤ ‰ ª w†¥{¥–•Ù w« ˜¥t–u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ °˜£”w¨ š¥”–t¤ “¥w“”¬ ²§ {ˆ Õ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ Á.à w«†‹––” {–§•‹––” Š¥z¤zw” ‘—ˆ§t––”u zŒ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·°‡z  t¯t¨·•št¤wš¥”–¤§‡} ˆÕ ŠÖ z‰§·Œ }«”}Œ ¤zw” °˜£Ž–£¯Š›}¥ˆ§ ”¨{§ˆ¥‹¥–†£ ¯w¥–‘°˜£Ž‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥”tˆ§t¥u z¤zw” ¯‘ª· –Ö¥z¦Œ©t²Œt¥– •–Õ¬ šÕ ”tŒ¤ ²Œz¤ w” •¥Õ zzu« u Ö  t¥–t¦žŒ‡‘—ˆt§ ––”‡¥Ö Œw†« ‹––” {–•§ ‹––” ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z°ˆ˜Õ £w†£ ~z©· °ˆ˜Õ £w†£{£ˆ Ö z{‡¤ Š¦¯ŽŒÝ Ž–£t¥›u zw†£ ¯ŽŒÝ ˜¥•˜t¤ œ† Ù t¤ œ–¯‘ ª· ²žŽÖ –¥t‚°tÕ ¥‹¥–†}Œˆ Õ ³Ž Š¤¸zŒ¸¨²žÖ«w˜¥t–u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wي«tÐ¥• ³‡ÖŽ‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥”žŒÖ¥Š¨·u zˆŒ¯ z ¯‘ª· }՚•u¤¯w˜·ª Œ°˜£˜t¤ ‡Œ¤ ²ž¯Ö t‡§ t–£šŒt¥–‘…¤ Œ¥w†« ‹––” {–•§ ‹––” ¦ž–¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨ Šz¤¸ Œ¨¸ ˆz¸¤ °ˆšÕ Œ¤ Š·¨ À ”‰§ Œ« ¥•Œ ‘.›. ÁÄÄà Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š·¨ ÀÀ ‘—œ“¥w” ‘.›. ÁÄÄΖ£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ (– z›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•ŽÙ –£¯Š ª z “”¬ “§ Š¤ –¥w”)  ‹t§ ¥–‡”¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -150- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ¯– ª· z t¥–•t¯šŒÖ –¥•š}§ ¥²Œž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš¤· ³Ž¦ž–¤ ¯¬Ö u¥Ö ›t© œ¥–£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–¨ ¯‘ ª· ²žtÖ ¥–{‡¤ t¥–›t© œ¥²Œ–£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–¨ ¦ž–¤ ¯Ö¬ u¥Ö ›t© œ¥Š·¨ ¦¯–{¶ t¥–›t© œ¥–£‡¤  ŒŽ« –€§ €¥ ž– ª ¯Š•¨ ¯Š¥Õ¯ŽŒÝ ³Ž •¥Õ z”Ž¨ –£Š§ ‹“§ ¥‘°˜£””¨ ¥ˆ–ƒ¥Œˆ¥”¯t†„”Ù ¥ˆ–ƒ¥Œž˜t¤ ˆ¬ ––£‡¤  ‡« ”›t© œ¥  ¥›•¤  ¦Œ¥{ˆ¥”–£¯•¨ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤–¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ š¥Õ ‡šÖ • t¥–¯Š•¨ ± Œ˜t¥–¯–•¨ Œ°˜£t¥–•t¯šŒÖ –¥•š}§ ¥²Œ–£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–¨‘.›.ÁÄÄ u Ö À¿ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤–¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ {z© {‡¤ Š¦Ž–£t¥›³š‡Ö z¤ Œ¸¨ À. ²žÖ ¬Ö ¦¯–{¶ t¥–›t© œ¥–£‡¤  ŒŽ« –€§ €¥ž– ª ¯Š•¨ ¯Š¥Õ Š¯·¨ u¥Ö ›t© œ¥²Œž˜t¤ ˆ¬ ––£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–ˆ¨ z¸¤ °ˆÕ ŽtÍ ¥–›t© œ¥ÁÄÄà u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯ŽŒÝ ˆŒÖ ³Ž¥”¥–‰•t¯šÖŒ–¥•š§}¥²Œž”š‡š§}¥›©tœ¥Š·¤š³Ž‡¤zˆÕ ³ŽŒ¨¸ t t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥“¥œ¥°˜£t¥– ª· ¥– À) ÁÁÀ¿À¿À t¥–‘¤…Œ¥Š¤tœ£Š¥z“¥œ¥³Š•  (Á-Á-Ä) Á) ÁÂÀ¿À¿À “¥œ¥ ¤zt—œ‘¸ªŒƒ¥Œ  (Â-¿-Å) Â) ÁÂÀ¿À¿Á “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¯‘ ª· t¥– ª· ¥–  (Â-¿-Å) u. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥”Œœ« •›¥ˆ–Ù À) Á¿¿¿ÀÀÁ t¥––Ö¬ ¥–Œ¯Š› Á (Á-¿-Ã) w. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥z¤ w”›¥ˆ–Ù À) Á¿¿¿ÀÁÁ š§‰¨±˜t°˜£š§‰¨³Š•  (Â-¿-Å) z. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–°Ù ˜£w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù À) ÿ¿¿ÀÀÀ š§Š•¥›¥ˆ–Ù°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¯‘·ª }¨š§ˆ°˜£¤zw” Â(Â-¿-Å) Á. ²žŒÖ t¤ ›t© œ¥Š”¨· w¨ š¥”Ž–£zw{Ù £u •t¯šŒÖ –¥•š}§ ¥ž”š‡›t© œ¥Šš·¤ ³Žˆ¥”u Ö À •Œª· w¦– Ö zu •t¯šŒÖ –¥•š}§ ¥³‡ŠÖ w¨· †£~z·© ¯ŽŒÝ –¬Ö ¤ ‡§ } ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –ŒŒ¸¤ µ Â. ²žwÖ †‡¨ ‡¦¯ŒŒ§ t¥–ˆ–š{  w¦– Ö zu •t¯šŒÖ –¥•š}§ ¥u zŒt¤ ›t© œ¥°ˆ˜Õ £–¥• °˜šÖ ‘{§ ¥–†¥ Œ”« ˆ¤ ²§ ž¯Ö ŽŒÝ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¨¸ °˜šÖ zÕ t˜”«Õ z¥ŒŠ£¯•¨ Œ°˜£Ž–£”š˜˜‡¦¯ŒŒ§ t¥–ˆ¥”–£¯•¨  Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š¨· À ‘—œ“¥w” ‘.›. ÁÄÄÃw¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ (– z›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•ŽÙ –£¯Š ª z “”¬ “§ Š¤ –¥w”)  ‹t§ ¥–‡”¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -151- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z ž˜t¤ ¯t†„tÙ ¥–¯Š•¨ ± Œ˜t¥–¯–•¨ Œ¦ž–¤ ¯¬Ö u¥Ö ›t© œ¥Ž–€§ €¥Š·¨  z–£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–¨ ‘.›.ÁÄÄ¿ ¯‘ª· ²žÖt¥–{¤‡t¥–›©tœ¥–£‡¤Ž–§€€¥ˆ–¨u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ¯t§‡Ž–£±•}ŒÙ¬z«‡ˆÕ t¥–‘¤…Œ¥«w˜¥t–²žÖ”¨wš¥”–Ö¬wš¥”¥”¥–‰ˆ–zˆ¥”wš¥”ˆÖ zt¥–u zŠÖ z‰·§Œ {©zt¦žŒ‡ž˜¤t¯t†„Ùt¥–¯Š¨•± Œ˜t¥–¯–•¨ Œ¦ž–¤ ¯Ö¬ u¥Ö ›t© œ¥Ž–€§ €¥Š·¨  z–£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–²¨ Œ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ‘.›. ÁÄÄ¿ uŒ©¸  ¥›¤• ¦Œ¥{ˆ¥”wš¥”²Œ”¥ˆ–¥ ÂÀ (È) °žÕz‘–£–¥}¤€€¤ˆ§”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚ ‘.›. ÁÄÃƔž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ {z©   tŽ–£t¥›³š‡Ö z¤ Œ¨¸ À. Ö¬”¨§Š‹»§¯Š¨•± Œ˜t¥–¯–¨•Œ²Œt¥–¯uÖ¥›©tœ¥Ž–§€€¥Š·¨ z {£ˆÖ z¯ŽÝŒÖ¬¦¯–¶{t¥–›©tœ¥–£‡¤Ž–§€€¥ˆ–¨{¥t‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥ž–ª ¯Š¨•¯ŠÕ¥ ²Œž˜¤t¬ˆ–Š·¨¦Œ¤tz¥Œw†£t––”t¥–t¥– «‡”›©tœ¥ ž–ª žŒÕš•z¥Œu z–¤ƒŠ¨·”¨ ¦Œ¥{ˆ¥”tž”¥•–¤– z Á. –¥•š§}¥Š·¨u ¯Š¨•± Œ˜t¥–¯–¨•Œ³‡Ö ˆÖ z¯ŽÝŒ–¥•š§}¥ ž–ª t˜Õ«”–¥•š§}¥Š¨·”¨¯Œ¸ª ž¥¥–£w– w˜«”³”Ռ֠•tšÕ¥¥”²Œ·¨u z–¥•š§}¥ ž–ª t˜«Õ”–¥•š§}¥Š¨·u ¯Š¨•°˜£ˆÖ z¯ŽÝŒ–¥•š§}¥ ž–ª t˜Õ«”–¥•š§}¥Š·¨”¨˜t¥–¯–•¨ Œ³”ˆÕ ¦· tš¥Õ –£‡¤ C ž– ª °ˆ”Ö –£‡¤ w£°ŒŒ Á.¿¿ ž– ª ¯Š•¨ ¯Š¥Õ Â. t¥–u ¯Š¨•–¥•š§}¥°˜£± ŒžŒÕš•t§ˆ {£u ¯Š¨•± Œ˜t¥–¯–¨•Œ³‡Ö³”Õ¯t§Œ¥”²Œ·¨u z{¦ŒšŒžŒÕš•t§ˆ–š” u zž˜¤t¬ˆ–Š·¨–¤± Œ ±‡•ˆÖ z‡¦¯Œ§Œt¥–²žÖ¯–¶{¸§Œ“¥•²Œ“¥w¯–¨•Œ°–tŠ·¨¯uÖ¥›©tœ¥ Š¤¸zŒ¨¸–¥•š§}¥Š·¨u ¯Š¨•± Œ{£³”ÕŒ¦”¥w¦Œš†°ˆÖ”¯|˜¨·•£” °˜£{£³”Õ”¨§Š‹§»³‡Ö–¤Ž–§€€¥¯t¨•–ˆ§Œ§•” Ã. t¥–¤ŒŠ©t˜t¥–¯–¨•Œ ¦ž–¤¬ÖŠ¨·¦¯–¶{t¥–›©tœ¥{¥t”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ²žÖ¤ŒŠ©t˜t¥–¯–¨•Œ±‡•Œ¦˜t¥–¯–¨•Œ¯‡§””¥¯Š¨•¯ŠÕ¥–£Š¨·²}Ö •¬Õ²ŒŽÛ{{«¤Œ ÕšŒÖ¬Š·¨¦¯–¶{t¥–›©tœ¥{¥t‰¥¤Œ ‡« ”›t© œ¥ Œª· ²žÖ Œ¤ Št© ˜t¥–¯–•¨ Œ¯ŽŒÝ “¥Õ Œ” ±‡•²}Ö €¤ ˜t¤ œ†²Ù Œ–£Š²¨· } Ö •²¬Õ ŒŽ{Û {« Œ¤ Ä. ŠÖ¬ {·¨ £¦¯–{¶ t¥–›t© œ¥Ž–€§ €¥Š¨·  zˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨ {£ˆ Ö z”–¨ £•£¯š˜¥›t© œ¥²Œ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤Œw–š––wÙ ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ žŒz©· ŽtÍ ¥–›t© œ¥ Šz¤¸ Œˆ¸¨ z¸¤ °ˆ“Õ ¥w¯–•¨ ŒŠ¨· Á ŽtÍ ¥–›t© œ¥ ÁÄÄ¿ ¯ŽŒÝ ˆŒÖ ³Ž Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š·¨ À ˆ˜« ¥w” ‘.›. ÁÄÄ¿ (– z›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•Ù ‡–.Ž–£¯Š ª z “”¬ “§ Š¤ –¥w”)  ‹t§ ¥–‡”¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wَ–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -152- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ š¥Õ ‡šÖ • ¯zŒ§ w¥Õ ¦–z« ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ Ž–£{¦ŽtÍ ¥–›t© œ¥ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÅ  ¥›¤• ¦Œ¥{ˆ¥”wš¥”²Œ”¥ˆ–¥ ÂÀ (À) (Á) °žÕz‘–£–¥}¤€€¤ˆ§”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wّ.›. ÁÄÃÆ °˜£u Ö Æ °žzÕ –£¯•¨ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ š¥Õ ‡šÖ •ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²Œt¦t¤ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤–¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––w‘Ù .›. ÁÄÄÅ Ž–£t t¤ ”ˆ§ “¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––w²Ù Œw–¥šŽ–£}”« w–z¤¸ Š·¨ Ä/ ÁÄÄů” ª· šŒ¤ Š¨· ÁÄ ¯”œ¥•Œ ÁÄÄÅ “¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ”  ¦Œ¥{²ž Ö ‹t§ ¥–‡ ¨  tŽ–£t¥›³š‡Ö z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ u Ö À Ž–£t¥›Œ¯¸¨ –•¨ tš¥Õ “Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ š¥Õ ‡šÖ • ¯zŒ§ w¥Õ ¦–z« ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÅ” u Ö Á Ž–£t¥›Œ²¸¨ ž²Ö }Ö z¤ w¤ ˆz¤¸ °ˆ“Õ ¥w¯–•¨ ŒŠ·¨ À ŽtÍ ¥–›t© œ¥ ÁÄÄÅ ¯ŽŒÝ ˆŒÖ ³Ž u Ö  ²žÖ•t¯˜§tŽ–£t¥› w¦·¤zž–ª –£¯¨• uÖ ¤zw¤ ª·Œ²‡Š·¨¯t¨·•šuÖ zt¤¯z§ŒwÕ¥¦–«zž ‘¤tŒ¤t›©tœ¥Š·¨u¤‡ž–ª °•Özt¤Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨²žÖ²}֎–£t¥›Œ¨¸°ŠŒ u Ö à ²žŒÖ t¤ ›t© œ¥}Œ¸¤ ŽŠÍ ·¨ À w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–ŠÙ t« wŒ ˆ Ö z¯u¥Ö  •ž¬Õ  ‘t¤ u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ²Œt–†Œ¨ t¤ ›t© œ¥wŒ²‡³”Õ³‡–Ö ¤ t¥–{‡¤ ²žÖ¯uÖ¥‘¤t¯Œ·ª z{¥tž Ö z‘¤t¯ˆ¶” Œ¤t›©tœ¥¥”¥–‰ž¥Š¨·‘t¤ ¯ z³‡Ö ÕšŒŒ¤t›©tœ¥}¸¤ŒŽÍ ª·Œ°˜£w†£ ª·Œ{£¥”¥–‰•ª·Œwš¥”{¦Œzu ¯uÖ¥‘¤t³‡Ö“¥•ž˜¤z¯”·ª ”¨žÖ z‘¤tšÕ¥z u Ö Ä ¯z§ŒwÕ¥¦–«zž ‘¤tŒ¤t›©tœ¥ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨ ž”¥•‰©z ¯z§ŒŠ·¨¯–¨•t¯t¶{¥tŒ¤t›©tœ¥ˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œˆ Õ wŒˆ¥” ˆ¤ –¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ (À) Œt¤ ›t© œ¥Š¯¨· u¥Ö ‘t¤  ¥›•¤ ž ‘t¤ ¯Š‘‹‡§ ¥¦ž–¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥°˜£ž ‘t¤ u« ¥š‡¨ ¦ž–¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥}¥•– z–¤Œt¤ ›t© œ¥³‡žÖ  Ö z˜£³”¯Õ tŒ§ à wŒ ¯–•¨ t¯t¶ ¯zŒ§ w¥Õ ¦–z« ž ‘t¤ ²Œ ˆ¤ –¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ (À.À) }Œ¤¸ Á ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶  ˆ¤ –¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ (t) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t{¦ŒšŒ à wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ Â,Æ¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œ wÕ¥³’’Ñ¥žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (u) Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ŠŽ¨· –£zw{Ù £‘t¤  ¥›•¤ {¦ŒšŒ  wŒ²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶ wŒ˜£ Ã,È¿¿ ¥Šˆ Õ “¥w¯–•¨ Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (w) Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ŠŽ·¨ –£zw{Ù £‘t¤  ¥›•¤ {¦ŒšŒ Á wŒ²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶ wŒ˜£ Æ,ÿ¿ ¥Šˆ Õ “¥w¯–•¨ Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¸¦Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (À.Á) }Œ¸¤  ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶  ˆ¤ –¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ (t) Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ŠŽ·¨ –£zw{Ù £‘t¤  ¥›•¤ {¦ŒšŒ à wŒ²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶ wŒ˜£ Â,Å¿¿ ¥Šˆ Õ “¥w¯–•¨ Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¸¦Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (u) Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ŠŽ¨· –£zw{Ù £‘t¤  ¥›•¤ {¦ŒšŒ  wŒ²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶ wŒ˜£ Ã,Ç¿¿ ¥Šˆ Õ “¥w¯ –•¨ Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥ŠwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -153- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

(w) Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ŠŽ·¨ –£zw{Ù £‘t¤  ¥›•¤ {¦ŒšŒ Á wŒ²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶ wŒ˜£ Æ,Á¿¿ ¥Šˆ Õ “¥w¯–•¨ Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¸¦Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (À.Â) }Œ¤¸ à ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶  ˆ¤ –¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ (t) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š·¨Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t{¦ŒšŒ à wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ Â,Ä¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œ wÕ¥³’’Ñ¥žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (u) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t ¥›¤•{¦ŒšŒ  wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ Ã,Å¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¸¦Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (w) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t ¥›¤•{¦ŒšŒ Á wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ Æ,¿¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š •t¯šŒÖ t–†Š¨ ”¨· ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ³”Õ ¥”¥–‰{‡¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥¯u¥Ö ‘t¤ w–ˆ¥”ˆ¥”{¦ŒšŒ{£¯–•¨ t¯t¶ ²Œ ˆ¤ –¥ˆ¥” (t)Š¤¸zŒ¸¨”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•³”Õ Œ«€¥ˆ²žÖŒ¤t›©tœ¥¯}Õ¥žÖ z‘¤tŒ¤t›©tœ¥žÖ zžŒ·©z¯‘¨•zwŒ¯‡¨•š±‡•¯‡¶‡u¥‡ (Á) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·Ž–£zwÙ{£¯uÖ¥‘¤t ¥›¤•ž ‘¤t“¬”§“¤Š– (ž ‘¤tž€§z) ›¬Œ•Ùt¥–›©tœ¥•Õ¥Œ”¤Š–¨¦ž–¤Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ž€z§ – z–¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥³‡žÖ  Ö z˜£³”¯Õ tŒ§ à wŒ ¯ŽŒÝ ž Ö z‘t¤ Ž–¤  ¥t¥›‘– Ö ”z§·  ¦Œš•wš¥”£‡št (Á.À) }Œ¸¤ Á ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶  ˆ¤ –¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ (t) Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ŠŽ¨· –£zw{Ù £‘t¤ {¦ŒšŒ à wŒ²ž¯Ö t¶ wŒ˜£ Ä,Á¿¿ ¥Šˆ Õ “¥w¯–•¨ Œ w¥Õ ³’’¥ÑžŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¸¦Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (u) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t ¥›¤•{¦ŒšŒ  wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ Å,È¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¸¦Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (w) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t ¥›¤•{¦ŒšŒ Á wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ À¿,¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (Á.Á) }Œ¤¸  °˜£}Œ¸¤ à ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶  ˆ¤ –¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ (t) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t{¦ŒšŒ à wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ Ä,¿¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œ wÕ¥³’’Ñ¥žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (u) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š¨·Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t ¥›¤•{¦ŒšŒ  wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ Å,Æ¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (w) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š·¨Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t ¥›¤•{¦ŒšŒ Á wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ Ç,¿¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œw¥Õ ³’’¥Ñ žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (Á.Â) }Œ¤¸ Ä ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²ž¯Ö –•¨ t¯t¶  ˆ¤ –¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ (t) Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ŠŽ·¨ –£zw{Ù £‘t¤ {¦ŒšŒ Âà wŒ²ž¯Ö t¶ wŒ˜£ Ã,Ç¿¿ ¥Šˆ Õ “¥w¯–•¨ Œ w¥Õ ³’’¥ÑžŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¸¦Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (u) Œ¤t›©tœ¥Š·¨Ž–£zwÙ{£‘¤t{¦ŒšŒ  wŒ²žÖ¯t¶wŒ˜£ Æ,¿¿¿ ¥ŠˆÕ “¥w¯–¨•Œ wÕ¥³’’Ñ¥žŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¸¦Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š (w) Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ŠŽ¨· –£zw{Ù £‘t¤ {¦ŒšŒ Á wŒ²ž¯Ö t¶ wŒ˜£ ÀÃ,¿¿¿ ¥Šˆ Õ “¥w¯–•¨ Œ w¥Õ ³’’¥ÑžŒšÕ •˜£ Ä ¥Š w¥Õ Œ¦¸ Ž–£Ž¥žŒšÕ •˜£ à ¥Š •t¯šŒÖ t–†Š¨ ”¨· ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ³”Õ ¥”¥–‰{‡¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥¯u¥Ö ‘t¤ w–ˆ¥”ˆ¥”{¦ŒšŒ{£¯–•¨ t¯t¶ ²Œ ˆ¤ –¥ˆ¥” (t)Š¸¤zŒ¸¨”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•³”Õ Œ«€¥ˆ²žÖŒ¤t›©tœ¥¯}Õ¥žÖ z‘¤tŒ¤t›©tœ¥žÖ zžŒ©·z¯‘¨•zwŒ¯‡¨•š±‡•¯‡¶‡u¥‡Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -154- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

u Ö Å ¯zŒ§ w¥Õ ¦–z« ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥Š¯·¨ –•¨ t¯t¶ Œ¸¨ ²Œt–†Š¨ Œ¨· t¤ ›t© œ¥³‡}Ö ¦–£¯zŒ§ w¥Õ ¦–z« ³Ž°˜šÖ ³”Õ ¥”¥–‰‰ ŒwŒª ³‡Ö u Ö Æ ²ž Ö ‹t§ ¥–‡¯¨ ŽŒÝ –¬Ö t¤ œ¥t¥–²ž¯Ö ŽŒÝ ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨ °˜£¯ŽŒÝ šÖ¬ Œ§ {§ |•¤ }u¨¸ ¥‡²Œt–†Š¨ ¯¨· t‡§ Ž€Û ž¥{¥tt¥–²}֎–£t¥›Œ¨¸ ²Œt–†Š¨ ”·¨ Ž¨ €Û ž¥²Œt¥–ˆw¨ š¥”ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨ ž– ª ”Ž¨ €Û ž¥{¥tt¥–²}ŽÖ –£t¥›ŒŠ¨¸  ¨· ‹t§ ¥–‡³¨ ” Õ ¥{šŒ§ {§ |•¤}u¨¸ ¥‡³‡Ö ž– ª ”Ž¨ €Û ž¥Š¯·¨ t‡§ {¥tŽ–£t¥›Œ³¸¨ ”³Õ ‡tÖ ¦žŒ‡³šÖ ²žÖ “¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ¯ŽŒÝ }Ö¬ u¨¸ ¥‡°˜£²ž‰Ö  ª ¯ŽŒÝ Š¨· ‡« Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š·¨ ÁÁ ‘—œ“¥w” ‘.›. ÁÄÄÅ (}Ö¬ šÕ •›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•Ù ‡–.€¤ €ˆ¤ § }¦Œ¥€t{§ )  ‹t§ ¥–‡”¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -155- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ¯– ·ª z t¥––ž§ ¥–ž ‘t¤ °˜£°ŒšŽ‚§ ˆ¤ ²§ Œt¥–¯u¥Ö ‘t¤  ¥›•¤ ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²Œt¦t¤ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÅ  ¥›¤• ¦Œ¥{ˆ¥”wš¥”²Œ”¥ˆ–¥ ÂÀ (À) °žÕz‘–£–¥}¤€€¤ˆ§”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚ ‘.›. ÁÄÃÆ °˜£uÖ  Æ °žÕz–£¯¨•”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ šÕ¥‡Öš•ž ‘¤tŒ¤t›©tœ¥²Œt¦t¤”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• ‘.›. ÁÄÄŎ–£t t¤ ”ˆ§ “¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––w²Ù Œw–¥šŽ–£}”« w–z¸¤ Š·¨ Ä/ÁÄÄÅ ¯” ·ª šŒ¤ Š·¨ ÁÄ ¯”œ¥•Œ ‘..›.ÁÄÄÅ {©z  tŽ–£t¥›³šÖ‡¤zˆÕ ³ŽŒ¸¨ u Ö À Ž–£t¥›Œ¯¨¸ –•¨ tš¥Õ “Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––w”Ù ¯– ·ª z t¥––ž§ ¥–ž ‘t¤ °˜£°ŒšŽ‚§ ˆ¤ ²§ Œt¥–¯u¥Ö ‘t¤  ¥›•¤ ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²Œt¦t¤ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÅ u Ö Á Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨”¨˜¤zw¤Œ¤ˆ¤¸z°ˆÕš¤Œ‰¤‡{¥tš¤ŒŽ–£t¥›¯ŽÝŒˆÖŒ³Ž uÖ   ––‡¥ t –£¯¨• uÖ ¤zw¤ Ž–£t¥› ž–ª w¦·¤z ·ªŒ²‡Š·¨u¤‡ž–ª °•Özt¤Ž–£t¥›Œ¨¸²žÖ²}֎–£t¥›Œ¨¸°ŠŒ ž”š‡ À ŠŠš¤· ³Ž u Ö à ²ŒŽ–£t¥›Œ¸¨ “”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ “ ‹t§ ¥–‡”¨ ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ “¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ““¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ “¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ “ž ‘t¤ ” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²Œt¦t¤ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ “Œt¤ ›t© œ¥” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²Œ–£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–Š¨ ”·¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ  Œ€« ¥ˆ²žÖ¯uÖ¥‘¤t ¥›¤•²Œž ‘¤tu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• “ ¬Ö ¥›•¤ ” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ž ‘t¤  ¥{¥–•Ù u¥Ö –¥}t¥– ¯{¥Ö žŒ¥Ö Šž¨· – ª w« w˜ Œ·ª ²‡ŠŠ·¨ ¥z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• Œ«€¥ˆ²žÖ¯uÖ¥‘¤t ¥›¤•²Œž ‘¤tu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• “ ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–t z” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ  Ö¬ ¦Œš•t¥–t z‘…¤ Œ¥Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ “w†£t––”t¥––ž§ ¥–ž ‘t¤ ” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ w†£t––”t¥–ˆ¥”u Ö Ç °žzÕ –£¯•¨ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤–¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ š¥Õ ‡šÖ •ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²Œt¦t¤ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÅ “‡Ö¬ °¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ ” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ ‡Ö¬ °¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ ˆ¥”u Ö À¿ °žzÕ –£¯•¨ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wٚ¥Õ ‡šÖ •ž ‘t¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥²Œt¦t¤ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÅ ž”š‡ Á Š§ ‹t§ ¥–¯u¥Ö ‘t¤ ²Œž ‘t¤ u Ö Ä Š§ ‹²§ Œt¥–¯u¥Ö ‘t¤  ¥›•¤ ²Œž ‘t¤ ¯ŽŒÝ Š§ ‹¯§ |‘¥£w« w˜ {£± ŒŠ§ ‹‡§ z¤ t˜¥Õ š²žÖ u Ö Å Ö¬”¨§Š‹§¯uÖ¥‘¤t ¥›¤•²Œž ‘¤tˆÖ zŽ‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥› t–£¯¨• w¦·¤z uÖ ¤zw¤Š¨·¯t¨·•št¤ž ‘t¤ ~z©· ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ³‡tÖ ¦žŒ‡³š Ö •¥Õ z¯w–zÕ w–‡¤ u Ö Æ ²žÖ¬Ö ¥›¤•Š¨·³‡Ö–¤w¤‡¯˜ª t²}֝§Š‹§¯uÖ¥‘¤t ¥›¤•²Œž ‘¤t¥” š¤Œ ¯š˜¥ Š¨·w†£t––”t¥––§ž¥–ž ‘t¤ t¦žŒ‡Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -156- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

u Ö Ç t¥–¯Ž˜•·¨ Œ°Ž˜zž– ª •¥Ö •ž ‘t¤ {£t–£Š¦”³§ ‡Ö ¯šŒÖ °ˆ³Õ ‡–Ö ¤  Œ€« ¥ˆ{¥t‡Ö¬ °¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ t Õ Œ¯Š¥Õ ŒŒ¤¸ u Ö È ”Ö¬ ¨ Š§ ‹¯§ u¥Ö ‘t¤  ¥›•¤ ²Œž ‘t¤ ˆ Ö z}¦–£¯zŒ§ w¥Õ ¦–z« ž ‘t¤ ˆ¥”šŒ¤ °˜£¯š˜¥Š”¨· ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ t¦žŒ‡ u Ö À¿ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥Š”¨· w¨ š¥”Ž–£zw{Ù £˜£Š§ ‹t§ ¥–‘t¤  ¥›•¤ ²Œž ‘t¤ ¯‘ ·ª ³Ž‘t¤  ¥›•¤ “¥•Œ t”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤²žÖŽ‚§¤ˆ§‡¤zŒ¨¸ (À) ²ž•Ö Œª· wš¥”{¦¯ŽŒÝ ‘– Ö ”¯žˆ« ˜wš¥”{¦¯ŽŒÝ ˆ Õ ‡Ö¬ °¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ ¯‘ ·ª ‡¦¯ŒŒ§ ¯– ª· z˜¥  t{¥tž ‘t¤ (Á) ¯”·ª ³‡Ö–¤ Œ«€¥ˆ°˜Öš{©z{£•Ö¥•  t³Ž‘¤t ¥›¤•“¥•Œ t”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•³‡Ö Š¤¸zŒ¸¨²žÖ¬Ö‡¬°˜ž ‘¤t°{Öz– z ‹t§ ¥–‡Š¨ –·¨ ¤ ‡§ } °˜£ŽÖ¬ tw– zu zŒt¤ ›t© œ¥Š–¥ˆ Õ ³Ž ž”š‡  u Ö z¤ w¤ Šš¤· ³Ž u Ö ÀÀ ¯¬Ö u¥Ö ‘t¤  ¥›•¤ ”ž¨ Œ¥Ö ŠŽ·¨ ‚§ ˆ¤ § ‡z¤ Œ¸¨ (À) ˆ Ö z³”ŒÕ ¦w« w˜ Œ·ª Š”¨· ³§ ‡–Ö ¤  Œ€« ¥ˆ{¥t”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ¯u¥Ö ‘t¤  ¥›•¤ ²Œž ‘t¤ (Á) ˆÖ z–¤§‡} ˆÕ Š–¤‘•Ù§Œ“¥•²Œž ‘¤t ž¥t¯t§‡wš¥”¯¨•ž¥• ¤Œ¯t§‡{¥tt¥–t–£Š¦u zˆŒˆÖ z}‡²}ֈ¥”–¥w¥Š·¨”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•t¦žŒ‡ (Â) ˆÖ z–¤tœ¥wš¥”£ ¥‡ °˜£‡¬°˜Š–¤‘•Ù§Œˆ˜ ‡{Œ «Žt–†Ù“¥•²ŒžÖ z‘¤t°˜£ÕšŒt˜¥z”§²žÖ¯t§‡t¥–}¦–«‡¯¨•ž¥• (Ã) ˆÖ zŽ‚§¤ˆ§ˆŒ¯•¨·•z«“¥‘}ŒŠ¸¤z‡Ö¥Œt¥–°ˆÕzt¥•°˜£wš¥”Ž–£‘—ˆ§ (Ä) ˆÖ z³”Õ{¤‡z¥Œ–ª·Œ¯–§z¤z––wÙ²‡ µ ²Œž ‘¤t ¯šÖŒ°ˆÕ³‡Ö–¤ Œ«€¥ˆ¯ŽÝŒ˜¥•˜¤tœ†Ù ¤tœ–{¥t– z ‹t§ ¥–‡Š¨ –·¨ ¤ ‡§ }  (Å) ˆÖ z³”՝Õz¯¨•z‡¤zž–ª Š¦¯¨•z–tšŒÖ¬ ª·Œ (Æ) ³”ÕˆÖ zŽ–£t  ¥ž¥–²ŒžÖ z‘¤t (Ç) ³”Õwš–Œ¦Š–¤‘•Ù§ŒŠ¨·”¨wÕ¥¯t¶³šÖ²ŒžÖ z‘¤t ž¥t¯t§‡t¥–¬€ž¥• Š¥z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•{£³”Õ–¤‡§ } ²‡ µ Šz¸¤ Œ§¸ u Ö ÀÁ §·zˆÕ ³ŽŒ¨¸žÖ¥””¨³šÖw– w– z²ŒžÖ z‘¤t (À) •¥¯‘ˆ‡§ °˜£ Ž« t–†ŠÙ ²¨· }Ö ¦ž–¤ ¯‘ˆ‡§ (Á)  ¥š‹« ŽŒÏ t–£Œ« ŽŒÏ °˜£šˆ¤ ‰–« £¯‡§ (Â) ¯}¸ª ¯‘˜§z³š³’ (Ã)  ¥š‹« °ž˜”w”ž– ª  ¥š‹« }Œ‡§  Œª· Š³¨· ””Õ w¨ š¥”{¦¯ŽŒÝ ¦–¤ ²}²Ö Œt¥–Ž–£t t¥–›t© œ¥¯˜¥Õ ¯–•¨ Œ (Ä) –« ¥ u z”Œ© ¯”¥ °˜£“¥}Œ£Š¨· ––{u«  z”Œ© ¯”¥”¥‡”ª· Šz¸¤ ²Œ–¯§ š†ž Ö z‘t¤ °˜£–¯§ š†ž ‘t¤ (Å) ·ª ˜¥”t Œ¥{¥–Š«tŽ–£¯“Š (Æ)  Ž« –t†ŠÙ ²·¨ }¯Ö ˜ŒÕ t¥–‘ŒŒ¤ Št« }Œ‡§ (Ç) ˆ¤ šŠÙ t« }Œ‡§ u Ö À ¯” ª· ‘¬Ö t¤  ¥›•¤ ³‡tÖ –£Š¦‡§ “¥•²Œž ‘t¤ ˆ¥”wš¥”²Œu Ö ÀÁ ²žÖ ‡¬Ö °¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ °˜£ Ö¬ ¦Œš•t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ž ‘t¤ ‡¦¯ŒŒ§ t¥–‡z¤ Œ¸¨ (À) wš¥”²Œu Ö ÀÁ (À) - ÀÁ (Ã) {£•‡© z§· u z³š°Ö ˜£°{zÖ w†£t––”t¥––ž§ ¥–ž ‘t¤ Š–¥ŠŒ¤ Š¯¨ ‘ ª· ‘{§ ¥–†¥‡¦¯ŒŒ§ t¥–ˆ Õ ³Ž (Á) wš¥”²Œu Ö ÀÁ (Ä) - ÀÁ (Ç) ²ž Ö •²Õ¬ Œ‡˜« •‘Œ§ {§ u z‡¬Ö °¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ °˜£ Ö¬ ¦Œš•t¥–t z‘…¤ Œ¥Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ž ‘t¤ °˜£°{zÖ ²žwÖ †£t––”t¥––ž§ ¥–ž ‘t¤ Š–¥¯‘ ª· ‘{§ ¥–†¥‡¦¯ŒŒ§ t¥–ˆ Õ ³Ž u Ö Àà t¥–t–£Š¦‡¤zˆÕ ³ŽŒ¸¨‰ª ³‡ÖšÕ¥¯ŽÝŒt¥–t–£Š¦§‡t–£¯¨•u zž ‘¤t (À) ¯˜ÕŒž–ª –Õš”šz¯˜ÕŒt¥–‘Œ¤Œ (Á) ¯‘z·§ ¯‘ˆ‡§ (Â) ¯ŽÌ‡¯w–·ª z¯¨•zž–ª ¯˜ÕŒ‡Œˆ–¨‡¤z¯t§Œ³Ž¯ŽÝŒ¯žˆ«²žÖÖ¬ ª·Œ¯t§‡wš¥”–¦w¥€ (Ã) ‡·ª”ž–ª ¯”¥«–¥ ¥˜£š¥‡Õz¯¨•z‡¤zwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -157- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

(Ä) {z²{Š¦˜¥•¥‹¥–†£”¤ˆ§°˜£Š–¤‘•Ù§Œu zž ‘¤t (Å) t˜¥Õ šš¥{–ž– ª °‡zt–§ •§ ¥Šž¨· •¥w¥• ž– ª ³”¯Õ w¥–‘ˆ Õ w« ˜¥t– ŠŠ¨· ¦žŒ¥Ö Št·¨ ¦t¤ ‡°¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ (Æ) ˜¤tu±”• (Ç) Œ¦¤ˆšÙ”¥•z²Œž ‘¤t (È) °ušŒ¯ ª¸ ¥Ö ¯w– ·ª z°ˆzÕ t¥• ¯w– ·ª zŒ Œ Œª· µ ˆ¥”žŒ¥Ö ˆ¥Õ z ž– ª Š ·¨ Œ¤ ³”Õ ”wš– (À¿) ¯uÖ¥³Ž²ŒžÖ z‘¤tÖ¬ ·ªŒ²Œu†£Š·¨¯{Ö¥u zžÖ z³”Õ •Õ¬ (ÀÀ) Ž–£‘—ˆ¯§  ª· ”¯•¨ Š¥z¯‘› u‡¤ t¤ ›˜¨ ‹––” Œ¤ ‡z¨ ¥”u z³Š• ²Œ–¯§ š†ž Ö z‘t¤ °˜£ž ‘t¤ (ÀÁ) Œ¦¯‘›ˆ–zu¥Ö ”¯u¥Ö ³Ž²Œž ‘t¤ ž– ª Š ¨· Œ·ª µ  Œ¤ ³”Õ ”wš–²Œ–¯§ š†ž ‘t¤ (ÀÂ) Œ¦¬Ö ª·Œ”¥‘¤t²ŒžÖ z‘¤t±‡•³”Õ³‡Ö–¤ Œ«€¥ˆ{¥t¬Ö‡¬°˜ž ‘¤t (ÀÃ) °ˆÕzt¥•³”՝«“¥‘ž–ª Õ ³Ž²ŒŠ¥z Œ¥{¥–²Œ–§¯š†ž ‘¤t (ÀÄ) Ž‡Ì –Ž¬ ±Ž¯ˆ –Ù ¯u•¨ Œ–Ž¬ ž– ª u Ö wš¥” Œ¤ Š¦²ž¯Ö Ž– £¯Ž ßÏ Œˆ¥”¥Œz¤ ‘Œª¸ ž Ö z Ž–£ˆ¬ˆ¯¬Ö  ¸ª ¥Ö ž– ª Š ·¨ Œ·ª µ ²Œ–¯§ š†ž zÖ ‘t¤ °˜£ž ‘t¤ (ÀÅ) Š£¯˜¥£š§š¥Šž–ª Š¦–Ö¥•–Õ¥zt¥• (ÀÆ) Ž–£t  ¥ž¥– Œ¤ t Õ ²ž¯Ö t‡§ wš¥”–¦w¥€ˆ Õ  ¬Ö Œ·ª ²Œž ‘t¤ u Ö ÀÄ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ž ‘t¤ ˆ Ö z²žwÖ š¥”–šÕ ”” ª t¤ Š¥z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ˆ Õ  ¬Ö Œª· ²Œž ‘t¤ (À) –t¤ œ¥wš¥”£ ¥‡“¥•²Œž ‘t¤ °˜£–¯§ š†ž ‘t¤ (Á) ²}ŒÖ ¸¦°˜£³’ •¥Õ zŽ–£ž•‡¤  t¨ Šz¸¤ ‡°¬ ˜–t¤ œ¥Š–‘¤ •Ù Œ§ u zž ‘t¤ °˜£”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ (Â) t¥–²}֍–§¯š†ž ‘¤t¯‘ª· t¥–Ž–£}«”ž–ª {¤‡t§{t––”ˆÖ zu  Œ«€¥ˆ¯ŽÝŒ˜¥•˜¤tœ†Ù ¤tœ–ˆ Õ ‡¬Ö °¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ ¯” ª· ³‡–Ö ¤  Œ€« ¥ˆ°˜šÖ {z© ‡¦¯ŒŒ§ t¥–³‡Ö u Ö ÀÅ ž¥Ö ”‡‡¤ °Ž˜z¯w– ª· z¯–•¨ Œ ¥•³’ ž– ª Š¦²ž Ö Ž« t–†žÙ  ‘t¤ }¦–‡« ¯•¨ ž¥• u Ö ÀÆ ²žÖŒ¤t›©tœ¥Ž‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•Š¨· ¥{”¨Ž–£t¥›¯‘§·”¯ˆ§” ž”š‡ à š§Œ¤•°˜£t¥–˜z±Šœ u Ö ÀÇ ±ŠœŠŒ¨· t¤ ›t© œ¥ž ‘t¤ {£³‡–Ö ¤ ²Œt–†Š¨ t·¨ –£Š¦ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¨¸ ”¨  ‰¥Œ w ª (À) ˆt¤ ¯ˆ ª Œ¯ŽŒÝ ˜¥•˜t¤ œ† Ù t¤ œ– (Á) “¥wŠ†¤ „Ù (Â) ˆ‡¤ Š§ ‹t»§ ¥– •ž¬Õ  ‘t¤ °˜£{£ˆ Ö z  t{¥tž ‘t¤ ˆ¥” šŒ¤ ¯š˜¥ Š”·¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ t¦žŒ‡ u Ö ÀÈ t¬Ö –£Š¦wš¥”‡§ “¥•²ˆ–¯§ š†ž ‘t¤ ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨ Œ t{¥t{£³‡–Ö ¤ ±Šœˆ¥”Š–·¨ £³« š²Ö Œ u Ö ÂÅ ¥{³‡–Ö ¤ ±Šœ{¥t”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ˆ¥”–£¯•¨ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ š¥Õ ‡šÖ •šŒ§ •¤ š‹§ ‘¨ {§ ¥–†¥±Šœ t¥–˜z±Šœt¥– Š« ‹–†°Ù ˜£¯t†„tÙ ¥–Ž–£¯”Œ§ wš¥”Ž–£‘—ˆu§  zŒt¤ ›t© œ¥ ‘.›. ÁÄÄ¿ u Ö Á¿ t–†‡¨ z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ‰¨¸  ª š¥Õ ¯ŽŒÝ wš¥”‡§ –¥Ö •°–z ²žÖ ‡¬Ö °¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ ž– ª Š¬Ö ‘¨· ¯žŒ¶ –¨ –¥•z¥Œ²žwÖ †£t––”t¥––ž§ ¥–ž ‘t¤ Š–¥±‡•‡šÕ Œ (À) t¥–‡”ª· –« ¥ u z”Œ© ¯”¥ ¯‘z·§ ¯‘ˆ‡§ ²Œ–¯§ š†ž ‘t¤ (Á) t¥–¯˜ÕŒt¥–‘Œ¤Œ (Â) t¥–Ž–£‘—ˆ¯§ •¨ ž¥•Š¥z¯‘›²Œ–¯§ š†ž ‘t¤ (Ã) t¥–Š£¯˜¥£šš§ ¥Š±‡•²} Ö ¥š‹« t¥––”« Š¦–¥Ö •tŒ¤ (Ä) t¥–”š¨ ˆ¤ ‰–« £¯‡§ ¯} ª¸ ¯‘˜z§ ³š³’  ¥š‹« ŽŒÏ °˜£ Ž« t–†ŠÙ ²·¨ }¯Ö ‘z§· ¯‘ˆ‡§ (Å) t¥–˜¤tu±”• (Æ) t¥–{z²{Š¦˜¥•Š–‘¤ •Ù Œ§ u zž ‘t¤ °˜£u z Ö¬ Œª· ²Œ–¯§ š†ž ‘t¤ (Ç) Œ¦«ww˜ ª·Œ¯uÖ¥²ŒžÖ z‘¤t°£ž ‘¤t±‡•³”Õ³‡Ö–¤ Œ«€¥ˆ (È) t–£Š¦t¥–Š·¨ ¥{{£Œ¦”¥~©·zwš¥”¯ª· ”¯¨•°t՝՚Œ–š”Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -158- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

u Ö ÁÀ tÖ¬ –£Š¦wš¥”‡§ –¥Ö •°–zˆ¥”u Ö Á¿ {£³‡–Ö ¤ ±Šœ ‡z¤ Œ¸¨ (À) ±Šœ”¨ Á ‰¥Œ w ª “¥wŠ†¤ „Ù °˜£ˆ‡¤ Š§ ‹t»§ ¥– •ž¬Õ  ‘t¤ (Á) t¥–“¥wŠ†¤ „Ù ²ž˜Ö zŒ¤ Št© ³š²Ö Œ–£¯•¨ ž ‘t¤ u zt¬Ö –£Š¦‡§ (Â) ¯” ·ª ”t¨ ¥–‘{§ ¥–†¥ˆ‡¤ Š§ ‹t»§ ¥– •žÕ¬  ‘t¤ ²ž°Ö {zÖ Ž¬Ö tw– zŠ–¥ u Ö ÁÁ ¬Öt–£Š¦§‡Š·¨³”Õ–Ö¥•°–z°˜£¯ŽÝŒt¥–t–£Š¦wš¥”‡§ w–z¸¤ °–t ~z·© tÖ¬ –£Š¦wš¥”‡§ ¥–“¥‘ ±‡•‡¨³‡Ö¦Œ©t²Œt¥–t–£Š¦wš¥”§‡u zˆŒ ‘–Ö ”Š¸¤z²žÖw¦”¤·Œ¤€€¥{£³”Õt–£Šwš¥”§‡ ¨t²žÖÖ¬{¤‡t¥– ž ‘¤t”¨ ¦Œ¥{˜z±Šœ¬Öt–£Š¦wš¥”§‡ˆ¥”uÖ  ÂÅ(À) °˜£ž¥t¯ŽÝŒt¥–t–£Š¦wš¥”§‡¯ŽÝŒw–¸¤zŠ¨· Á ²žÖ˜z±Šœˆ¥”wš¥”²Œu Ö ÂÅ(Á) °˜£t–£Š¦wš¥”‡§ w–z¸¤ Š·¨  ²ž˜Ö z±Šœˆ¥”wš¥”²Œu Ö ÂÅ(Â) ž”š‡ Ä t¥–t¦žŒ‡¯š˜¥¯u¥Ö   tž ‘t¤ u Ö Á t¥–t¦žŒ‡¯š˜¥ŽÌ‡°˜£ŽÌ‡ž ‘¤t²Œ¯ŽÝŒˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• u Ö Áà Œt¤ ›t© œ¥Š{·¨ £¯u¥Ö -   t ž ‘t¤ Œ t¯š˜¥Št·¨ ¦žŒ‡ˆ¥”u Ö Á ²žuÖ   Œ€« ¥ˆ¯ŽŒÝ ˜¥•˜t¤ œ†Ù t¤ œ– ˆ Õ  ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–t z‘…¤ Œ¥Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ž– ª ‡¬Ö °¬ ˜ž ‘t¤ °˜šÖ °ˆtÕ –†¨ u Ö ÁÄ }šÕ zˆz¤¸ °ˆ¯Õ š˜¥Ž‡Ì ž ‘t¤ {Œ‰z© ¯š˜¥¯Ž‡Ì ž ‘t¤ u zšŒ¤ ²ž”Õ ž¥Ö ”w« w˜“¥•Œ t¯u¥Ö ž ‘t¤ ±‡•¯‡‡¶ u¥‡ ¯šŒÖ °ˆ”Õ ¯¨ žˆ{« ¦¯ŽŒÝ ¯–zÕ ‡šÕ Œ ž”š‡ Å t¥–}‡²}ÖwÕ¥¯¨•ž¥• u Ö ÁÅ Ö¬ ¥›¤•ˆÖ z–¤§‡} °˜£}‡²}ÖwÕ¥¯¨•ž¥•ˆ¥”Š¨·”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•t¦žŒ‡ ¯”·ª ³‡Öt–£Š¦§·zˆÕ ³ŽŒ¸¨¯Ž– £¯Ž ßÏ Œ }¦–‡« ¯•¨ ž¥• ž– ª €« ž¥• (À) ’t¬ ž” Œ (Á) ±ˆ£× Š¦z¥Œ ˆÖ¬ ¯t¥Ö  ¨¸ ŠŒ·¨  Œ (Â) Ž–£ˆ¬ žŒ¥Ö ˆ¥Õ z ¥Œ¯t–‡¶ ”zÖ« ˜š‡ ¥Œ‘¤ t˜ Œ t€« °{ ˜t¬ t€« °{ (Ã) šˆ§ ~³Ù ’ ¥•³’ ˆ˜¤ °•t¥•³’ ‘‡¤ ˜” ž˜ ‡³’ (Ä) z§· u z Œ·ª µ ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ u Ö ÁÆ wš¥”–¤ ‡§ } °˜£t¥–}‡²}wÖ ¥Õ ¯•¨ ž¥•ˆ¥”wš¥”²Œu Ö ÁÅ ²ž•Ö t¯šŒÖ ¯ŽŒÝ t¥–}¦–‡« Š¯¨· t‡§ uŒ¸© ¯ zˆ¥”“¥‘±‡•‹––”}¥ˆ§u zš¤ˆ‰«Œ¤¸Œ u Ö ÁÇ ²ž Ö ‹t§ ¥–‡¯¨ ŽŒÝ –Ö¬ t¤ œ¥t¥–²ž¯Ö ŽŒÝ ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¨¸ °˜£¯ŽŒÝ š¬Ö Œ§ {§ |Œ¤ }u¸¨ ¥‡²Œt–†Š¨ ¯·¨ t‡§ Ž€Û ž¥{¥tt¥–²}֎–£t¥›Œ¨¸ ²Œt–†¨Š·¨”¨ŽÛ€ž¥²Œt¥–ˆ¨wš¥”ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›Œ¨¸ ž–ª ”¨ŽÛ€ž¥{¥tt¥–²}֎–£t¥›Œ¸¨Š·¨ ‹§t¥–‡¨³”Õ ¥{šŒ§ {§ |•¤ }u¸¨ ¥‡³‡Ö ž– ª ”Ž¨ €Û ž¥Š¯¨· t‡§ {¥tŽ–£t¥›Œ³¸¨ ”³Õ ‡tÖ ¦žŒ‡³šÖ ²žÖ “¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ¯ŽŒÝ š¬Ö Œ§ {§ |•¤ }u¨¸ ¥‡°˜£²ž‰Ö  ª ¯ŽŒ¶Š¨· ‡« Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š¨· ÁÁ ‘—œ“¥w” ‘.›. ÁÄÄÅwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ (}Ö¬ šÕ •›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•Ù ‡–.€¤ €ˆ¤ § }¦Œ¥€t{§ )  ‹t§ ¥–‡”¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -159- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

Ž–£t¥›¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z t¥–²ž•Ö ”ª °˜£²žÖ –t§ ¥–Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ‘.›. ÁÄÄ ¯‘ª· ²žÖt¥––§t¥–u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ‡¦¯ŒŒ§ ³Ž‡šÖ •wš¥”¯–•¨ – Ö •°˜£¯ŽŒÝ ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÃÈ u Ö Å °˜£u Ö Æ {z© ³‡tÖ ¦žŒ‡š‹§ t¨ ¥–²ž•Ö ”ª Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤Œw–š––wÙ ³š‡Ö z¤ Œ¸¨ u Ö À ²ž•Ö t¯˜t§ Ž–£t¥›‰¥Œ¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ª· z u Ö t¦žŒ‡²Œt¥–²}Ö –t§ ¥–¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–‰¥¤Œ–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ‘.›. ÁÄÃÅ °˜£Ž–£t¥›¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª zt¥–²ž•Ö ”ª °˜£²žÖ –t§ ¥–Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ‘.›. ÁÄÃÈ u Ö Á ––‡¥–£¯•¨  Ž–£t¥› w¦z·¤  Œª· ²‡Š”¨· w¨ š¥”t˜¥Õ š³š°Ö ˜šÖ ²ŒŽ–£t¥›Œ¨¸ ž– ª ~z·© u‡¤ °•zÖ t¤ wš¥”²ŒŽ–£t¥›Œ¸¨ ²ž²Ö }ŽÖ –£t¥›Œ°¸¨ ŠŒ ž”š‡Š¨· À ¤ˆ–”¥}§t u Ö  ¤ˆ–”¥}§t›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–Š·¨²}Ö²Œt¥–•ª” Â.À ˆ¤ –Œt¤ ›t© œ¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ }Œ‡§ ˆ‡§ ¥–±Ù w‡Ö Â.Á ˆ¤ –”¥}t§ u zw†¥{¥–•Ù u¥Ö –¥}t¥– ˜t¬ {¥Ö zŽ–£{¦°˜£˜t¬ {¥Ö z}š¤· w–¥šu z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤–¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ }Œ‡§ ˆ‡§ ¥–±Ù w‡Ö Â. ˆ¤ –”¥}t§ ”Šu zw« w˜“¥•Œ t }Œ‡§ ˆ‡§ ¥–±Ù w‡Ö ž”š‡Š¨· Á t¥–²ž•Ö ”ª Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›u Ö à t¥–²žÖ•ª”Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› Ã.À Ž–£¯“Šu zŠ–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š³·¨ ” Õ Œ€« ¥ˆ²ž•Ö ”ª   tŒ t›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– (À) žŒz¤  ª  ¥Ö z z§ °˜£žŒz¤  ª ž¥•¥tŽ–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -160- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

(Á) z¥Œš{§ •¤ šŠ§ •¥Œ‘§ Œ‹°Ù ˜£z·§ ‘”§ ‘ Ù Œ·ª µ |¤ Š–·¨ £²« ž²Ö }›Ö t© œ¥wŒÖ wš¥Ö “¥•²Œž Ö z”‡« ž– ª›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› (Â) š¥–¥– žŒz¤  ª ‘”§ ‘Ù |¤ Ž{Û {« Œ¤ °˜£¯•¶ ¯˜”Õ (Ã) ˆŒÖ |¤  ·ª ±ˆŠ›¤ ŒÙ °˜£ ª· ±ˆŠ›¤ ŒÙ ¥zŽ–£¯“ŠŠ”·¨ ³§ ‡–Ö £³« š²Ö Œu Ö Ã.À (Ä) ¯ t¥–{‡ž”¥•¯žˆ« Ã.Á Ž–£¯“Šu zŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› {¦ŒšŒ °˜£–£•£¯š˜¥Š¨· Œ«€¥ˆ²žÖ•ª”  tŒ t›¬Œ•ÙšŠ§ •–t§ ¥– Ž–£¯“Š”¥}t§ žŒz¤  ª Šš·¤ ³Ž/ŒšŒ•§ ¥•  ·ª ±ˆŠ›¤ ŒÙ / ~‡¨ –¨  ”Œt¤ ›t© œ¥–£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–¨ / ”¤ —Š‹§ ˆ¤ – žŒz¤  ª ¯•¥š}Œ / Ž–£¯“Š¥–w‡-¨ š}§ ¥t¥–Œt¤ ›t© œ¥†¤ „ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ Ž–€§ €¥±Š/¯ t Fiction ¥{¥–•ÙŽ–£{¦(uÖ¥–¥}t¥–¢¥•š§}¥t¥–) ¥{¥–•Ù(‘Œ¤tz¥Œ²Œ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥/ Å ¯˜”Õ / Æ šŒ¤ Á –¥•t¥– / Æ šŒ¤ * ¤ˆ–¥{Ö¥z)°˜£uÖ¥–¥}t¥–¢¥•Œ¤Œ«Œ À¿ ¯˜”Õ / Æ šŒ¤ Á –¥•t¥– / Æ šŒ¤ * ¥{¥–•Ù (‘¯§ ›œ) ÀÄ ¯˜”Õ / Å¿ šŒ¤ Á –¥•t¥– / à šŒ¤˜t¬ {¥Ö z (˜t¬ {¥Ö zŽ–£{¦/ ‘Œt¤ z¥Œ–¥}t¥–/‘Œ¤tz¥Œ²Œ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥ À¿ ¯˜”Õ / Å¿ šŒ¤ Á –¥•t¥– / à šŒ¤°˜£˜¬t{Ö¥z}¤·šw–¥š) Å ¯˜”Õ / Æ šŒ¤ Á –¥•t¥– / à šŒ¤”¥}§t”Š Ä ¯˜”Õ / Æ šŒ¤ Á –¥•t¥– / Æ šŒ¤ ž”¥•¯žˆ« : * u zšŒŠ§ ‹²»§ Œt¥–²ž•Ö ”ª  ·ª ±ˆŠ›¤ ŒÙ š~¨ ‡¨ ¨ ~‡¨ –¨  ” ”˜¤ ˆ”§ ¯¨ ‡•¨ Ž–£¯“ŠŒ¤ ¯Šz§ ¯}ŒÕ“¥‘•Œˆ–Ù ¯‘˜z ¢ °tŒÕ t¤ ›t© œ¥°˜£”¥}t§ ”Š³”²Õ ž•Ö ”ª   tŒ t›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– °ˆ Õ Œ€« ¥ˆ²ž•Ö ”ª ¯‘ ª· ²}Ö –t§ ¥–³‡Ö¯|‘¥£“¥•²Œ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–¯ŠÕ¥Œ¤¸Œ u Ö Ä w¥Õ Ž–¤ t¥–zÕ wŒª Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›ž˜z¤ t¦žŒ‡ Ä.À žŒz¤  ª z·§ ‘”§ ‘ Ù Œ·ª šŒ¤ ˜£ Ä.-¥Š/¯˜”Õ Ä.Á  ·ª ±ˆŠ›¤ ŒÙ š~¨ ‡¨ ¨ ~‡¨ –¨  ” šŒ¤ ˜£ Ä.- ¥Š/–¥•t¥– u Ö Å t¥–•ª”Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š«tw–¸¤z ”¥}§tˆÖ z”¥ˆ§‡ˆÕ ‡Öš•ˆŒ¯ z‘–Ö ”¤ˆ–”¥}§t°˜£Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Šˆ·¨  Ö zt¥–•”ª u Ö Æ ”¥}§t¥”¥–‰•ª”Š–¤‘•¥t–¢ Š¨·–£«²žÖ•ª”  tŒ tžÖ z”«‡³‡Öž¥t³”Õ”¨¬Ö ª·Œ/¬Ö²‡{ z u Ö Ç Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š·¨w–t¦žŒ‡¯š˜¥•ª”ˆ¥”uÖ  Ã.Á •t¯šÖŒžŒ¤zª ¦– z ‰Ö¥”¨¬Ö•ª””¨wš¥”Ž–£zwÙ{£•ª”ˆÕ ³Ž ¨t°˜£³”Õ”¨¬Ö²‡{ z ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¥{‘§{¥–†¥ Œ«€¥ˆ²žÖ•ª”ˆÕ ³Ž³‡Ö ¨t À w–¸¤z±‡•³”ÕˆÖ zŒ¦Š–¤‘•¥t¥–¥–Œ¯Š›”¥°‡z u Ö È ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›u zšŒ§Š‹Š§ {¨· £¯–•¨ twŒª Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›t Õ Œw–t¦žŒ‡–£•£¯š˜¥Š²·¨ ž•Ö ”ª ²Œt–†Š¨ ”¨· w¨ š¥”{¦¯ŽŒÝ ˆ Ö z²}ŠÖ –‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›ŒŒ¸¤ ±‡•¯–zÕ ‡šÕ Œ ž– ª ”¨ ˆÖ¬  Ö zt¥–²}Ö u Ö À¿ Ö¬•ª”Š¨·³”ÕwªŒŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›ˆ¥”t¦žŒ‡Õzž–ª Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›}¦–«‡¯¨•ž¥• ž–ª ¬€ž¥•{£ˆÖ z}¦–£wÕ¥Ž–¤ ž–ª }‡²}ÖwÕ¥¯¨•ž¥•²žÖ°t՝¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÃÈu Ö ÀÄwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -161- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

u Ö ÀÀ Ö¬•ª”Š¨·³”ÕwªŒŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›ˆ¥”t¦žŒ‡Õz°˜£ ž–ª ³”Õ}¦–£wÕ¥Ž–¤Š¤¸zŠ¨·Š¥z¦Œ¤tšŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›³‡ŠÖ šz‰¥”°˜šÖ °ˆÕ •Ö¬ ”ª t•¶ z¤ ³”³Õ ‡‡Ö ¦¯ŒŒ§ t¥– ²žÖ  ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›Œ¦¯Œ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ¯‘ ·ª ‘{§ ¥–†¥ˆ¥”wš–°ttÕ –†¨ ž”š‡Š·¨  t¥–²}Ö –t§ ¥–Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› u Ö ÀÁ ”¬Ö ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }Ö –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ÀÁ.À ”¥}t§ ¥”€¤ ÀÁ.Á ”¥}t§ ”Š u Ö À «ww˜“¥•Œ tŠ¨·}¦–£wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•”t¥–²}֝¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›°–¥•š¤Œ  Œ«€¥ˆ²žÖ²}֍–§t¥– Õ¥Œ“¥•²Œ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›³‡Ö •t¯šÖŒt¥–²}֍–§t¥– §Œ¯Š –Ù¯Œ¶ˆ Š¨·{£”¨wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•”t¥–²}֍–§t¥–ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z‰¥¤Œ Šz¸¤ Œ¨¸ ˆz¤¸ °ˆÕ ‡¤ Œ¯¸¨ ŽŒÝ ˆŒÖ ³Ž Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š·¨ ÀÄ t”« “¥‘Œ¤ ‹Ù ‘.›. ÁÄÄ (Œ¥•Ž–£•Š« ‹ –« £¯Œ¥) Ö¬ ¦Œš•t¥–¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -162- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

Ž–£t¥›¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ª· z u Ö Ž‚§ ˆ¤ § ¦ž–¤ ¯¬Ö u¥Ö ²}›Ö Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÃÈ ¯‘ ·ª ²žtÖ ¥––t§ ¥–u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤Œw–š––wÙ ‡¦¯ŒŒ§ ³Ž‡šÖ •wš¥”z¯–•¨ – Ö • ¯ŽŒÝ Ž–£±•}ŒˆÙ  Õ ²Ö¬ }Ö –t§ ¥–±‡•šÕ Œ–š”°˜£ ‡w˜ Ö zt¤ Ž–£t¥›”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ¯–·ª z –§t¥–›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›‘.›. ÁÄÃÈ u Ö À {z© t¦žŒ‡u Ö Ž‚§ ˆ¤ § ¦ž–¤ ¯¬Ö u¥Ö ²}›Ö Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ³š‡Ö z¤ Œ¸¨ À. ˆ Ö z¯w¥–‘ˆ Õ ‰¥ŒŠ–¨· ¥}t¥–±‡•°ˆzÕ t¥•²žÖ “« ¥‘¯–•¨ – Ö • Á. ˆ Ö z¦–š”t–§ •§ ¥ ³”‘Õ ‡¬ w•« ¯•¨ z‡z¤ °˜£³”ŽÕ ‚§ ˆ¤ ˆ§ Œ¯ŽŒÝ Š–¨· tšŒ ¬Ö Œª· Â. ˆ Ö zŽ‡Ì ¯w– ª· z” ª  ·ª ¥–Št« }Œ‡§ t Õ Œ¯u¥Ö ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– Ã. ˆÖ zŒ¦¤ˆ–Ž–£{¦ˆ¤šŒ¤t›©tœ¥”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ž–ª ¤ˆ–”¥}§tžÖ z”«‡”¥‡Öš•Š«tw–¸z¤ Š¨·¯u¥Ö ²}֍–t§ ¥–°˜£²žÖ°‡z¤ˆ–ˆÕ ¯{Ö¥žŒ¥Ö Š·¨Št« w–¸¤zŠ¨·u ˆ–š{ ±‡•ž¥Ö ”Œ¦¤ˆ–¬ Ö ª·Œ”¥²}Ö Ä. ˆ Ö z¥tt–£¯Ž¥Ó z·§ u z Œ·ª µ •t¯šŒÖ u z”w¨ ¥Õ Šˆ·¨ –Ö¬ ¤ ¥tz§· u zt Õ Œ¯u¥Ö ²}›Ö Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– Å. ˆ Ö z²ž¯Ö {¥Ö žŒ¥Ö Šˆ¨· –š{t–£¯Ž¥Ó žŒz¤  ª ¯ t¥–°˜£z·§ u zt Õ Œ  t{¥t›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– Æ. žÖ¥”Œ¦ ¥ž¥– ž–ª ¯w–ª· z‡·ª”¯uÖ¥”¥–¤Ž–£Š¥Œ“¥•²Œ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– Ç. ž¥Ö ”Š¦wš¥”tŽ–t²Œ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ž– ª Œ¦ˆ¤ šŠÙ t« }Œ‡§ ¯u¥Ö ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– È. ž¥Ö ”¯˜ŒÕ t¥–‘ŒŒ¤ °˜£¯t” ž– ª t–£Š¦z§· ‡§ ˆ Õ tž”¥•²Œ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– À¿. ž¥Ö ”|t¨ t–‡¨ ˆ‡¤ ‘¤ ž– ª u‡¨ ¯u•¨ ŒžŒz¤  ª ¯ t¥–°˜£z§· ‘”§ ‘ŠÙ t« }Œ‡§ u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ÀÀ. ³”ÕŒ¦Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š·¨³”Õ³‡Ö•ª” •Õ¥z‰¬tˆÖ zˆ¥”–£¯¨•  t{¥t›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ÀÁ. ˆ Ö zŒ¦Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š•¨· ”ª ³Ž zÕ wŒª ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–ˆ¥”šŒ¤ ¯š˜¥Št·¨ ¦žŒ‡ ÀÂ. ˆ Ö z‡°¬ ˜ –£”‡¤ –£šz¤ Š–‘¤ •Ù Œ§ ”w¨ ¥Õ šÕ Œˆš¤ ž¥t€¬ ž¥•›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–{£³”–Õ ¤ ‡§ }  ÀÃ. ²žÖwš¥”–Õš””ª ²Œt¥– ‡Õ z‡¬°˜«ww˜Š¨·”¨‘—ˆ§t––”³”Ռե³šÖš¥z²{°˜£°{Öz––†¥–¤tœÙ ž–ª ¯{Ö¥žŒÖ¥Š¨·›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ž¥t¬Ö¯uÖ¥²}֍–§t¥–³”ÕŽ‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥” ž–ª Ð¥ÏŒuÖ Ž‚§¤ˆ§uÖ¥zˆÖŒ ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ”¨ ¦Œ¥{˜z±Šœˆ¥””¥ˆ–¥²ŒuÖ  À °žÕzŽ–£t¥›”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ¯– ª· z –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÃÈ Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š·¨ Å ”‰§ Œ« ¥•Œ ‘.›. ÁÄÃÈwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ (Œ¥•Ž–£•Š« ‹ –« £¯Œ¥) ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› -163- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ¯– ª· z t–£¯•¨ t¥–²}zÖ ¥Œw ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£–£¯w– ª u¥Õ • NSRU-NET ‘.›. ÁÄÄÁ ¯‘ª· ²žÖt¥–²}Öz¥Œw ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù°˜£¯w–ª uÕ¥•u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ¯ŽÝŒ³Ž •Õ¥z”¨–£¯¨•¯–¨•–Ö •°˜£¯t§‡Ž–£±•}ŒÙ¬z«‡ –š”‰©z¯‘·ª ²žÖ¯ŽÝŒ³Žˆ¥”Š‘–£–¥}¤€€¤ˆ§šÕ¥‡Öš•t¥–t–£Š¦wš¥”§‡¯t¨·•št¤w ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù ‘.›. ÁÄÄÁ  ¥›¤• ¦Œ¥{ˆ¥”wš¥”²Œ”¥ˆ–¥ ¿ °žÕz ‘–£–¥}¤€€¤ˆ§”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚‘.›. ÁÄÃÆ {z© u Ž–£t¥›²}tÖ –£¯•¨ t¥–²}zÖ ¥Œw ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£–£¯w– ª u¥Õ • NSRU-NET ‡z¤ –¥•˜£¯ •¨ ‡ˆÕ ³ŽŒ¨¸ u Ö À Ž–£t¥›Œ¯¸¨ –•¨ tš¥Õ “Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª zt–£¯•¨ t¥–²}zÖ ¥Œw ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –Ù°˜£–£¯w– ª u¥Õ • NSRU-NET” u Ö Á Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨²žÖ²}֍¤zw¤ˆ¸¤z°ˆÕš¤Œ‰¤‡{¥tš¤ŒŽ–£t¥›¯ŽÝŒˆÖŒ³Ž u Ö  ²ž•Ö t¯˜t§ ––‡¥Ž–£t¥› Œ·ª ²‡Šu¨· ‡¤ ž– ª °•zÖ t¤ Ž–£t¥›Œ¨¸ u Ö à ²ŒŽ–£t¥›Œ¸¨ “”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ “NSRU-NET” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ ¯w– ª u¥Õ •w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –Ù ¯w– ·ª zw ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£ Ž« t–†ˆÙ  Õ ‘šÕ zŠ{¨· ‡¤ ~ ª¸ °˜£¦–«z–¤tœ¥±‡•”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•¯‘·ª t¥–²}Öz¥Œ“¥•²Œ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• °˜£š§Š•¥¯uˆŠ«t°žÕz “w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –¯Ù w– ª u¥Õ •” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ –£w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –ŠÙ ˆ¨·  Õ ¯} ·ª ”¯u¥Ö t¤ –£¯w– ª u¥Õ •u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ž– ª NSRU-NET “Š–‘¤ •¥t–u Ö ”˜¬ ” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ u Ö ”˜¬ ²Œ¯w– ·ª zw ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –Ù šÕ Œw« w˜ž– ª w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –²Ù Œ–£¯w– ª u¥Õ •°˜£ «Žt–†ÙˆÕ ‘Õšzu zžŒÕš•z¥Œ w†£›¬Œ•Ù ¦Œ¤t ‰¥¤Œ ž–ª «w˜¥t– ²Œ¤zt¤‡”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•Š·¨¯ŽÝŒŠ–¤‘•Ù§Œu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• ±‡•¥”¥–‰°˜t¯Ž˜·¨•Œ°˜£²}Öz¥ŒŠ–¤‘•¥t–uÖ ”¬˜‡¤zt˜Õ¥š–Õš”t¤Œ³‡Ö”¥ttšÕ¥ À wŒ ¯‘·ª Œ¤Œ«Œt§{t––”u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• “Ö¬”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜” ž”¥•wš¥”šÕ¥ žŒÕš•z¥Œ w†£ ¦Œ¤t ›¬Œ•Ù ‰¥¤Œ  ¥{¥–•Ù ¯{Ö¥žŒÖ¥Š·¨Œt¤ ›t© œ¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ž– ª ²Ö¬ }wÖ  ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –Ù –£¯w– ª u¥Õ • u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ “Ö¬‡¬°˜–£ (System Administrator)” ž”¥•wš¥”šÕ¥ ¯{Ö¥žŒÖ¥Š·¨u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•”¨žŒÖ¥Š·¨‡¬°˜–ž§ ¥–°˜£²žÖ –t§ ¥–t¥–²}zÖ ¥Œ ²Œ–£¯w– ª u¥Õ • NSRU-NET z¤ t‡¤ ¥Ð •¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ “–¬Ö ¤ ‡§ } ¯w– ª u¥Õ •šÕ Œt˜¥z” ž”¥•wš¥”š¥Õ w« w˜Š”·¨ “¨ ¥–£žŒ¥Ö Šˆ·¨  Ö z–¤ ‡§ } ˆ Õ t¥–‡¦¯ŒŒ§ z¥Œu z–£¯w– ª u¥Õ •w ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ùu z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ “Œ¤t›©tœ¥” ž”¥•wš¥”šÕ¥ «ww˜~·©zt¦˜¤z–¤t¥–›©tœ¥–£‡¤Š¨·¬ztšÕ¥ –£‡¤”¤‹•”›©tœ¥ °˜£t¦˜¤z›©tœ¥ •¬Õ²Œ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ uÖ ¤zw¤Š¨·ˆÖ zŽ‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥”¯‘·ª ²žÖ¯ŽÝŒ³Žˆ¥”tž”¥•‘–£–¥}¤€€¤ˆ§š¥Õ ‡šÖ •t¥–t–£Š¦wš¥”‡§ ¯t•·¨ št¤ w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –Ù ‘.›. ÁÄÄÁŽ–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -164- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

u Ö Ä t¥–²}zÖ ¥Œ–£¯w– ª u¥Õ • NSRU-NET ¯ŽŒÝ ¯w– ª u¥Õ •Š§ ‹¯§ |‘¥£”¬Ö ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }zÖ ¥Œu Ö ”˜¬ Šz¤¸ Œ¸¨ Š§ ‹§‡¤zt˜Õ¥š ¥{” ž”¥•¯ŽÝŒt–†¨‘§¯›œ²žÖt¤«ww˜Œ t ±‡•¯ŽÝŒ³Žˆ¥”‡«˜•‘§Œ§{u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•ž–ª ¬ÖŠ¨·³‡Ö–¤” ž”¥•{¥t”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•¯ŠÕ¥Œ¸¤Œ u Ö Å –£¯w– ª u¥Õ • NSRU-NET ¯ŽŒÝ ¯w– ª u¥Õ •¯‘ ª· °˜t¯Ž˜•¨· Œ°˜£²}zÖ ¥ŒŠ–‘¤ •¥t–u Ö ”˜¬ –šÕ ”tŒ¤¯‘ª· t¥––§ž¥– °˜£–§t¥–t¥–›©tœ¥ Œ¤Œ«Œt§{t––”¯}§zš§}¥t¥– t¥–¯–¨•Œt¥– Œ t¥–w֌wšÖ¥š§{¤• –š”Š¤¸zt¥––§t¥–¤zw”ˆ¥”Œ±•¥•”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•Š–¤‘•¥t–uÖ ”¬˜²Œ–£ NSRU-NET ”§³‡Ö{¤‡¯ˆ–¨•”³šÖ¯‘·ª t¥–²}Öz¥Œ²Œ¯}z§ ‘¥†}§ •²Ù ‡ µ Šz¤¸ Œ§¸ u Ö Æ ž¥Ö ””Ö¬ ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }zÖ ¥Œu Ö ”˜¬ t–£Š¦t¥–²‡ µ ¯t•¨· št¤ u Ö ”˜¬ u¥Õ š¥–Š¯·¨ ŽŒÝ t¥–u‡¤ ˆ Õ tž”¥• ž– ª›¨˜‹––” ¤Œ‡¨°žÕz¥‹¥–†}Œ ±‡•”¨¬Ö§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜–¤– zšÕ¥ž¥t”¨t¥–t–£Š¦t¥–²‡ µ ‡¤zt˜Õ¥š •Õ ”‰ª šÕ¥Œ t¯žŒ ª wš¥”–¤ ‡§ } u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ u Ö Ç ”¬Ö ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }zÖ ¥Œu Ö ”˜¬ {£ˆ Ö z³”˜Õ £¯”‡§ Š§ ‹u§  z ¬Ö Œª· t˜¥Õ šw ª ”Ö¬ ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }zÖ ¥Œu Ö ”˜¬ {£ˆ Ö z³” Õ ¥Õ Œ¯u¨•Œ ˜ ¯Ž˜·¨•Œ°Ž˜zž–ª °tÖ³u²‡µ ²ŒuÖ ”¬˜ÕšŒŠ·¨”§²}Õu zˆÖŒ±‡•³”Õ³‡Ö–¤ Œ«€¥ˆ{¥t¯{Ö¥u zuÖ ”¬˜ –š”‰©zt¥–Ž˜ ”°Ž˜z Email Account u zÖ¬ ·ªŒ t¥–«t–«t (Hack) ¯uÖ¥¬Õ User Account u zÖ¬ ª·Œ ž–ª ‘¤…Œ¥±Ž–°t–”ž–ª ¡¥–Ù‡°š–Ù²‡µ Š¨·{£Š¦˜¥•t˜³t–¤tœ¥wš¥”Ž˜ ‡“¤• –š”³Ž‰©zt¥–¯uÖ¥¬Õ¯w–·ª zw ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù u zžŒÕš•z¥Œ²Œ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•ž–ª “¥•Œ t”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• Ö¬”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜³‡Öt–£Š¦t¥–¯• °‘–ÕuÖ wš¥”²‡ µŠt·¨  Õ ²ž¯Ö t‡§ wš¥”¯•¨ ž¥•¯ ·ª ”¯•¨ °tÕ  ¬Ö Œ·ª t¥–²}“Ö ¥œ¥³”Õ “« ¥‘ ž– ª t¥–¯u•¨ Œu Ö wš¥”ŠŠ¨· ¦²žÖ  ¬Ö Œ·ª ¯•¨ ž¥•‰ ª ¯ŽŒÝt¥–˜£¯”‡§ Š§ ‹u§  z Ö¬ Œ·ª Šz¸¤ Œ§¸ tÖ¬ –£Š¦t¥– ¯}ŒÕ ŒŒ¤¸ {£ˆ Ö z–¤ ‡§ } °ˆ¯Õ ‘•¨ z¯¬Ö ‡•¨ š u Ö È ž¥Ö ””Ö¬ ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }zÖ ¥Œu Ö ”˜¬ zÕ u Ö wš¥”Š³¨· ”¯Õ ž”¥£” u‡¤ ˆ Õ tž”¥• ž– ª ›˜¨ ‹––” Œ¤ ‡u¨  zŽ–£}¥}Œž–ª ˆ¥”wš¥”¯ž”¥£”°žÕz¥‹¥–†}Œ Õ¥ŒŠ¥z{‡ž”¥• ¨¯˜¶tŠ– Œ§tÙ ¯š¶ –Ù‡“¥•²ˆÖt¥–wšw«”u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ž– ª ¯š¶  –‡Ù u zžŒšÕ •z¥Œ Œ·ª ²‡ u Ö À¿ –£w ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù°˜£ «Žt–†Ù¯w–ª uÕ¥•‰ª ¯ŽÝŒŠ–¤‘•Ù§Œu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• žÖ¥”¬Ö²‡¯uÖ¥²}Öz¥Œ±‡•”§³‡Ö–¤ Œ«€¥ˆ ž¥tÖ¬²‡t–£Š¦t¥–²‡µ ¯ŽÝŒt¥–«t–«t¯uˆžÕšzžÖ¥” ž–ª ‘•¥•¥”«t–«t¯uÖ¥¬Õ–£¯w–ª uÕ¥•‰ª ¯ŽÝŒt¥–˜£¯”§‡ˆ¥”tž”¥• ˆÖ z³‡Ö–¤±Šœˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›|¤Œ¨¸°˜£ˆÖ z–¤±Šœˆ¥”tž”¥•Š·¨¯t¨·•šuÖ z u Ö ÀÀ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ {£³”–Õ ¤ Ž–£tŒ¤ ²Œw†« “¥‘u zt¥–¯t¶ t¥––¤ zÕ u Ö ”˜¬ u¥Õ š¥–°˜£t¥–³”Õ ¥”¥–‰²}Öz¥Œ³‡Öu z–£¥zÕšŒž–ª Š¸¤zž”‡ °˜£{£³”Õ–¤§‡} ²Œwš¥”¯¨•ž¥•u zt¥–²}Öz¥Œ ¤Œ¯Œ·ª z”¥{¥tšz{– ª· ¥–}¦–‡« wš¥”˜¥Õ }¥Ö °˜£wš¥”‡§ ‘˜¥‡²Œu Ö ”˜¬ ž– ª wš¥”¯•¨ ž¥• Œ¤ ¯t‡§ {¥tt¥–˜šÕ z˜£¯”‡§ ±‡•²Ö¬ }zÖ ¥Œ Œ·ª µ u Ö ÀÁ ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• Š–z³šÖ~·©z§Š‹§Š¨·{£Ž‚§¯‹t¥–¯}·ª ”ˆÕ °˜£/ž–ª t¥–²}Öz¥Œ °˜£Š–z³šÖ~©·z§Š‹§Š·¨{£•t¯˜§tž–ª –£z¤t¥–¯}·ª ”ˆÕ °˜£/ž–ª t¥–²}Öz¥Œ²‡µ u z¬Ö²}Öz¥ŒŠ¨·˜Õšz˜£¯”§‡ ž–ª ‘•¥•¥”{£˜Õšz˜£¯”§‡uÖ t¦žŒ‡°˜£uÖ ¤zw¤u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• ±‡•³”Õ”¨t¥–°{Öz²žÖŠ–¥tÕ Œ˜ÕšzžŒÖ¥ u Ö À §Š‹§t¥–²}Öz¥Œ¯w–ª uÕ¥•Š·¨”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•” ²žÖ¯ŽÝŒt¥–” §Š‹§¯|‘¥£«ww˜¯ŠÕ¥Œ¤¸Œ¬Ö²}Öz¥Œ{£± Œ {¦žŒ¥Õ • ž– ª °{t{¥Õ •Š§ ‹Œ§ ²¸¨ žtÖ ¤  ¬Ö Œª· ³”³Õ ‡Ö u Ö Àà Ö¬²}Öz¥Œ{£ˆÖ z°‡z§Š‹§²Œt¥–²}Öz¥Œw ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù°˜£¯w–ª uÕ¥•u zˆŒˆ¥” Account Š¨·ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•” ²žÖ±‡•t– tuÖ ”¬˜ UserName °˜£ Password u zÖ¬²}Öz¥ŒtÕ Œ²}Öz¥Œ–£w ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù°˜£¯w–ª uÕ¥•u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•Š«tw–¸¤z u Ö ÀÄ §Š‹§t¥–²}Öz¥Œ¯w–ª uÕ¥•Š¨·”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•” ²žÖ¬Ö²}Öz¥ŒˆÖ z¯ŽÝŒ¬Ö–¤§‡}  ˜ˆÕ¥zµ  ¤Œ{£¯t‡§ ”u¨ Œ©¸ –š”‰z© ˜¯•¨ ž¥•ˆ¥Õ zµ Š¯¨· t‡§ {¥t Account ²¬Ö }zÖ ¥ŒŒŒ¤¸ µ ¯šŒÖ °ˆ{Õ £‘§ {¬ Œ³Ù ‡šÖ ¥Õ ˜¯•¨ ž¥•ŒŒ¸¤ ¯t‡§ {¥tt¥–t–£Š¦u zÖ¬ ª·ŒwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -165- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

u Ö ÀÅ Ö¬²}Öz¥ŒžÖ¥”Œ¦~ ’ˆÙ°š–Ùž–ª  ¡¥–Ù‡°š–Ù²‡ µ ~·©z{£Š¦²žÖ¬Ö²}֔¨§Š‹§°˜£˜¦‡¤wš¥”¦w¤€²Œt¥–w– w– zŠ–¤‘•¥t–¯w–·ª zw ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù°˜£¯w–ª uÕ¥•”¥ttšÕ¥¬Ö²}Öz¥Œ ª·Œ ž–ª Š¦˜¥•–£t¥–{¦t¤‡Š§ ‹t§ ¥–²}Ö ( License) ~ ’Š°Ù š–Ù ž– ª Š{·¨ £Š¦˜¥•–£t¥–{¦t‡¤ Š§ ‹t§ ¥–²}Ö (License) ~ ’Š°Ù š–Ù u Ö ÀÆ ¬Ö²}Öz¥ŒˆÖ z³”Õ²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜Multimedia ž–ª t¥–‡¥šŒÙ±ž˜‡uÖ ”¬˜ ž–ª t¥–ª· ¥–uÖ ”¬˜Šˆ·¨  Ö z ¥›•¤ wš¥”tš¥Ö zu z} Õ z€¤ €¥† (Bandwidth) Ž–”§ ¥†z¬ ˆ Õ ¯Œ ª· zˆ˜ ‡¯š˜¥ ~z©·  ¥{¯t‡§ ˜t–£Šˆ Õ t¥–²}zÖ ¥Œ} Õ z€¤ €¥† ¬Ö Œ·ª ž¥t”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ˆ–š{‘š¥Õ ”Ö¬ ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }zÖ ¥Œu Ö ”˜¬ ”‘¨ —ˆt§ ––”‡z¤ t˜¥Õ š ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤{£ˆ‡¤ Š§ ‹t§ ¥–²}zÖ ¥Œ¯w– ª u¥Õ • NSRU-NET w« w˜ŒŒ¤¸ ±‡•³”{Õ ¦ˆ Ö z°{zÖ ²žŠÖ –¥t Õ Œ˜šÕ zžŒ¥Ö u Ö ÀÇ ¬Ö²}Öz¥Œ{£ˆÖ z”¨°Œ³’˜ÙŠ·¨”¨³š–¤ ž–ª ±Ž–°t–”Š·¨{£–Ö¥zwš¥”¯¨•ž¥•°tՖ£w ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù°˜£–£¯w– ª u¥Õ • NSRU-NET ¥Õ ŒŠ¥z{‡ž”¥• ¯§ ˜t¶ Š– Œt§ ¯Ù š¶  –‡Ù ž– ª ±Ž–°t–”Ž–£¯“Š Chat ³Ž•z¤–¬Ö ¤ ³”šÕ ¥Õ {£¯ŽŒÝ –¬Ö ¤ °t–Õ ¥•tˆ¶ ¥” ž¥t”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ˆ–š{‘t¥–t–£Š¦‡z¤ t˜¥Õ š ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ {£ˆ‡¤ Š§ ‹t§ ¥–²}zÖ ¥Œ¯w– ª u¥Õ • NSRU-NET u zw« w˜ŒŒ¸¤ ±‡•³”{Õ ¦¯ŽŒÝ ˆ Ö z°{zÖ ²žŠÖ –¥t Õ Œ˜šÕ zžŒ¥Ö u Ö ÀÈ ¬Ö”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜{£ˆÖ zŽ‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥”–£¯¨•/¯z·ª Œ³u/Œ±•¥•/uÖ t¦žŒ‡/uÖ ¤zw¤/Ž–£t¥›/w¦Œ¦Š¨·”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•t¦žŒ‡³šÖ °˜£Š¨·{£t¦žŒ‡u©¸Œ²ž”Õ²Œ Œ¥wˆ •Õ¥z¯w–Õzw–¤‡ ~©·z{£”¨˜¤zw¤²}Ö±‡•³”Õ{¦¯ŽÝŒˆÖ z°{Öz²žÖÖ¬”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜Š–¥tÕ Œ˜ÕšzžŒÖ¥ u Ö Á¿ Ö¬‡¬°˜–£”¨§Š‹§Š·¨{£‡¦¯Œ§Œt¥–ˆ¥””¥ˆ–t¥–ž–ª u ¯uˆz¥ŒŠ·¨³‡Ö–¤” ž”¥•{¥t”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• ¯‘·ª ²žÖ¯t§‡Ž–£§Š‹§“¥‘ wš¥”¯–¨•–Ö •u z–£¯w–ª uÕ¥• –š”‰©zt¥––¤tœ¥wš¥”Ž˜ ‡“¤•°˜£wš¥”¯ŽŒÝ šÕ Œˆš¤ u z°’”Ñ u Ö ”˜¬ ¯ t¥–Š‘·¨ ”§ ‘ Ù  t”¥ –š”³Ž‰z© ³Ž–œ†•¨  Ù ¯§ ˜wŠ– Œw§ uÙ  z”Ö¬ ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }zÖ ¥Œu Ö ”˜¬ u Ö ÁÀ Ö¬‡¬°˜–£”¨§Š‹§ˆ–š{ °’Ñ”uÖ ”¬˜ °˜£uÕ¥š¥–Š«tŽ–£¯“Šu z¬Ö”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜ˆ¥”wš¥”{¦¯ŽŒÝ ²Œt–†Š¨ ¨”· ¨t¥–°tÖ³u~Õ ”°~”–£ ž– ª t¥–ªšŒ¯t¨·•št¤ t¥–²}zÖ ¥Œ–£ •¥Õ z³”‰Õ t¬ ˆ Ö z u Ö ÁÁ ‡Ö¬ °¬ ˜–£ ¥{{¦t‡¤ t¥–²}zÖ ¥Œu z¬”Ö ¨Š§ ‹§²}zÖ ¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜²Œt–†¨Š³¨· ‡Öt–£Š¦t¥–²‡ µ Š¨¯· ŽŒÝ ³Ž •¥Õ z³”¯Õ ž”¥£” ž– ª ”¬Ö ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }zÖ ¥Œu Ö ”˜¬ ³‡˜Ö t¤ ˜ ²}Ö Account u z ¬Ö Œª· u Ö Á Ö¬‡¬°˜–£”¨§Š‹§•«ˆ§t¥–Š¦z¥Œu z±Ž–¯~ ~©·z–Ö¥z“¥–£²žÖ–£±‡•³”Õ{¦¯ŽÝŒž–ª ¯t§ŒuŒ¥‡±‡•³”ÕˆÖ z”¨t¥–°{ÖzÖ¬”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜²žÖŠ–¥tÕ Œ˜ÕšzžŒÖ¥³‡Ö u Ö Áà Ö¬‡¬°˜–£”¨§Š‹§{£Š¦t¥–¨ ¤‡ ¯‘ª· ˜‡uŒ¥‡°’Ñ”uÖ ”¬˜²‡ µ ±‡•³”ÕˆÖ z”¨t¥–°{Öz¬Ö”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜˜ÕšzžŒÖ¥ u Ö ÁÄ Ö¬‡¬°˜–£”¨žŒÖ¥Š·¨²Œt¥–°{Öz²žÖ¬Ö”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜Š–¥tÕ Œ˜ÕšzžŒÖ¥ ‰©zš¤Œ¯š˜¥Š¨·ˆÖ zŽ‡Ì –£¯w– ª u¥Õ •¯‘ ·ª ¦–z« –t¤ œ¥ Ž–¤ Ž–z« ž– ª ¯Ž˜•¨· Œ°Ž˜z–£¯w– ª u¥Õ • ~z©· {¦¯ŽŒÝ ˆ Ö zž•‡« –t§ ¥–²Œ}šÕ z–£¯š˜¥žŒ©·z°ˆÕ²Œt–†¨|«t¯|§Œ Ö¬‡¬°˜–£ ¥{{¦¯ŽÝŒˆÖ zŽÌ‡–£Š¤ŒŠ¨°˜£{£‘•¥•¥”²žÖÖ¬”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜¥”¥–‰¯t¶¤ŒŠ©tuÖ ”¬˜³‡Ö •Õ¥z”¬–†ÙtÕ ŒŠ·¨{£‡¦¯Œ§Œt¥–ŽÌ‡–£ u Ö ÁÅ Ö¬‡¬°˜–£”¨ ¦Œ¥{Š·¨{£¯‘§t‰ Œ§Š‹§t¥–²}Öz¥Œu z¬Ö”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜Š·¨Ð¥ÏŒuÖ t¦žŒ‡ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›|¤Œ¸¨ u Ö ÁÆ Ö¬‡¬°˜–£ˆÖ z³”Õ²žÖ§Š‹§‘§¯›œ •Õ¥zžŒ©·z •Õ¥z²‡°tՏ֬ ª·Œ •t¯šÖŒ²Œt–†¨Š·¨¬Ö”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜”w¨ š¥”{¦¯ŽŒÝ ˆ Ö z²}Ö Š§ ‹Œ§ Œ¤¸ ±‡•wš¥”{¦¯ŽŒÝ ±‡•ˆ Ö z³‡–Ö ¤  Œ€« ¥ˆ{¥t”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ¯ŽŒÝ t–†‘¨ ¯§ ›œ °˜£²ž•Ö t¯˜t§§Š‹§Œ¤¸ŒŠ¤ŒŠ¨¯”·ª ž”‡wš¥”{¦¯ŽÝŒ u Ö ÁÇ Ö¬‡¬°˜–£¥”¥–‰²}և«˜•‘§Œ§{²Œt¥–‡¦¯Œ§Œt¥–ŽÌ‡–£¯w–ª uÕ¥• ž–ª –§t¥–²‡ µ Š¨·”¨˜t–£ŠˆÕ uÖ ”¬˜²Œ–£¯w–ª uÕ¥•t¥–·ª ¥– ±‡•³”Õ{¦¯ŽÝŒˆÖ z°{ÖzÖ¬”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜Š–¥tÕ Œ˜ÕšzžŒÖ¥³‡ÖŠ˜z±ŠœŽ–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -166- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

u Ö ÁÈ ž¥t¬Ö”¨§Š‹§²}Öz¥ŒuÖ ”¬˜³”ÕŽ‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥”uÖ t¦žŒ‡ Š¨· ¥{tÕ ²žÖ¯t§‡wš¥”¯¨•ž¥•ˆÕ «ww˜ ª·Œž–ª ˆÕ ”¤ˆ§u zŠ¥z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•{£ˆÖ z–¤±Šœˆ¥”Š˜z±Šœ‡¤zˆÕ ³ŽŒ¸¨ (À) ±ŠœuŒ¸© ˆŒÖ w ª –£z¤ Š§ ‹t§ ¥–²}¯Ö w– ·ª zw ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£–£¯w– ª u¥Õ •}š¤· w–¥š°˜£ °{zÖ ¯ˆ ª Œ (Á) ±ŠœuŒ¤¸ t˜¥z w ª –£z¤ Š§ ‹t§ ¥–²}¯Ö w– ·ª zw ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£–£¯w– ª u¥Õ •¯ŽŒÝ ¯š˜¥ À ¯‡ ª Œ (Â) ±Šœu¤¸Œ¬z wª  –£z¤§Š‹§t¥–²}Ö¯w–·ª zw ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù°˜£–£¯w–ª uÕ¥•¯ŽÝŒ¯š˜¥ À “¥w¯–¨•Œ t¥–›t© œ¥ (Ã) ±Šœu¤¸Œ–Ö¥•°–z wª  –£z¤§Š‹§t¥–²}Ö¯w–·ª zw ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù°˜£–£¯w–ª uÕ¥•u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•ˆ˜ ‡³Ž°˜£t¥–t–£Š¦˜£¯”§‡~·©ztÕ ²žÖ¯t§‡wš¥”¯¨•ž¥•ˆÕ ¬Ö ·ªŒž–ª ˆÕ  Š–¤‘•Ù§Œu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• •Õ¥z–Ö¥•°–z{£ˆÖ z–¤±Šœˆ¥”–£¯¨• ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• ž–ª  –¤±Šœˆ¥”Štž”¥•±‡•˜¦‡¤ˆÕ ³Ž ž¥t¯ŽÝŒŒ¤t›©tœ¥”¨˜²žÖ‘ŒÖ “¥‘t¥–¯ŽŒÝ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ u Ö ¿ ±Šœˆ¥”uÖ  ÁÈ(À) - (Â) ²žÖžŒÕš•z¥ŒÖ¬–¤§‡} ¯w–ª uÕ¥•ÕšŒt˜¥z¯ŽÝŒÖ¬š§Œ§{|¤•wš¥”§‡²Œ¯ª¸ zˆÖŒˆ¥”˜¦‡¤wš¥”¯ž”¥£” ÕšŒ±Šœˆ¥”uÖ  ÁÈ (Ã) ²žÖ¬Ö–§ž¥––£¯w–ª uÕ¥•‘§{¥–†¥°˜£¯Œ ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•¤·z˜z±Šœ Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š¨· À ‘—›{t§ ¥•Œ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÁ (}¬Ö šÕ •›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•Ù €¤ €ˆ¤ § }¦Œ¥€t{§ ) – z ‹t§ ¥–‡¨ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ –§ ¥}t¥–°ŠŒ  ‹t§ ¥–‡”¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -167- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

Ž–£t¥›¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ¯– ·ª z t¥–Š¦ˆ¤ –”¥}t§ ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÄÆ ¯‘ª· ²žÖt¥––§t¥–u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ‡¦¯Œ§Œ³Ž‡Öš•wš¥”¯–¨•–Ö •°˜£¯ŽÝŒ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ¯–·ª z –§t¥–›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›‘.›. ÁÄÄÆ uÖ  ÀÁ. {©zt¦žŒ‡–¥•˜£¯ ¨•‡°˜£š§‹¨t¥–Š¦¤ˆ–”¥}§t›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ³š‡Ö z¤ Œ¨¸ À. Ž–£¯“Šu z¤ˆ–”¥}§t (À) ¤ˆ–”¥}§t¥”¤€ ³‡Ö°tÕ ¤ˆ–Œ¤t›©tœ¥”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ž–ª ¤ˆ–”¥}§tu zw†¥{¥–•Ù u¥Ö –¥}t¥– °˜£˜t¬ {¥Ö zu z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ }Œ‡§ ˆ‡§ ¥–±Ù w‡Ö (Á) ˆ¤ –”¥}t§ ”Šu zw« w˜“¥•Œ t }Œ‡§ ˆ‡§ ¥–±Ù w‡Ö ¤ˆ–t–£‡¥œ¦ž–¤«ww˜“¥•Œ tŠ·¨}¦–£wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•”t¥–¯uÖ¥²}֛¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ³”Õ‰ª ¯ŽÝŒˆ¤ –”¥}t§ ²ž²Ö }¯Ö ‘ ·ª ¥Õ ŒŽ–£ˆ¯¬ u¥Ö ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–}š¤· w–¥š–¥•šŒ¤ °˜£²}Ö –t§ ¥–t¥– ¥Õ Œ“¥•²Œ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–¯Š¥Õ ŒŒ¸¤ Á. w†¥{¥–•Ù Œ¤t›©tœ¥ uÖ¥–¥}t¥– °˜£˜¬t{Ö¥zu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ °˜£«ww˜“¥•Œ t ˆ‡§ ˆ Õ u ”w¤ –¯ŽŒÝ ”¥}t§ ž Ö z”‡« ž– ª ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–‡šÖ •ˆŒ¯ z ˆ¥”¯š˜¥²žÖ –t§ ¥–•”ª -wŒª Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› }Œ¤¸ À ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– Â. ž˜¤tƒ¥Œt¥–Š¦¤ˆ–”¥}§t Â.À  ¥{¥–•ŽÙ –£{¦ u¥Ö –¥}t¥– °˜£˜t¬ {¥Ö zŽ–£{¦ u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ˆ‡§ ˆ Õu ¯ŽÝŒ”¥}§tžÖ z”«‡³‡ÖŠ¨·z¥Œ–§t¥–•ª”-wªŒŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› ±‡•Œ¦¤ˆ–Ž–£{¦ˆ¤šuÖ¥–¥}t¥– ž–ª ˜¬t{Ö¥zŽ–£{¦”¥¯ŽÝŒž˜¤tƒ¥Œ °˜£ˆ§‡ˆÕ u Š¦¤ˆ–”¥}§t³‡ÖŠ·¨¦Œ¤tÕz¯–§”š§}¥t¥–°˜£z¥ŒŠ£¯¨•Œ Â.Á  ¥{¥–•Ù‘§¯›œ  ¥{¥–•Ù ¤ˆ–¥{Ö¥z °˜£˜¬t{Ö¥z}¤·šw–¥šŠ·¨{Ö¥z‡Öš•¯z§Œ–¥•³‡Öu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ž–ª ¯z§ŒzŽ–£”¥†°ÕŒ‡§Œ ˆ§‡ˆÕ u ¯ŽÝŒ”¥}§tžÖ z”«‡³‡ÖŠ¨·z¥Œ–§t¥–•ª”-wªŒŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› ±‡•”¨žŒ¤zª –¤– z{¥t¬Ö¤zw¤¤€}¥–£‡¤ž¤šžŒÖ¥¥u¥š§}¥ ž–ª ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–t z ž–ª ž¤šžŒÖ¥¦Œ¤tz¥Œw†£ ‰¥¤Œ ¦Œ¤t ž–ª žŒÕš•z¥Œ ·ªŒŠ·¨¯Š¨•¯ŠÕ¥”¥¯ŽÝŒž˜¤tƒ¥Œ °˜£ˆ§‡ˆÕ u Š¦¤ˆ–”¥}§t³‡ÖŠ·¨¦Œ¤tÕz¯–§”š§}¥t¥–°˜£z¥ŒŠ£¯¨•Œ Â. Œ¤t›©tœ¥”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ Š¨·˜zŠ£¯¨•Œ¯–¨•Œ²Œ“¥wt¥–›©tœ¥Œ¸¤Œ µ²žÖt– tuÖ ”¬˜²Œ²”¤w–¯ŽÝŒ”¥}§tžÖ z”«‡•ª·ŒˆÕ z¥Œ–§t¥–•ª”-wªŒŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› °˜£Œ¦²¦w¤€°‡zt¥–˜zŠ£¯¨•Œ”¥¯ŽÝŒž˜¤tƒ¥Œ ±‡•¥”¥–‰²}֍¤ˆ–Œ¤t›©tœ¥”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ¯ŽÝŒ¤ˆ–”¥}§t³‡Ö Â.à w« w˜“¥•Œ t²žŒÖ ¦ž˜t¤ ƒ¥Œˆ¤ –Ž–£{¦ˆš¤ Œt¤ ¯–•¨ Œ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ ‘Œt¤ z¥Œ–ƒ¤ š§ ¥žt{§ u¥Ö –¥}t¥–ž– ª ˆ¤ –Ž–£}¥}Œ °˜£Š£¯•¨ Œ¥Ö Œ”¥¯ŽŒÝ ž˜t¤ ƒ¥Œ •Œ·ª wš¥”{¦Œzu ”w¤ –¯ŽŒÝ ”¥}t§ ³‡ŠÖ ·¨ z¥Œ–t§ ¥–•”ª wŒª Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– °˜£}¦–£w¥Õ ‹––”¯Œ•¨ ””¥}t§ ”Š–¥•ŽÍ ˆ¥”Š”·¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ t¦žŒ‡ Ã.  ¥•« ˆ¤ –”¥}t§ Ã.À ˆ¤ –”¥}t§  ¥{¥–•ŽÙ –£{¦ u¥Ö –¥}t¥–‘˜¯– ª Œ °˜£˜t¬ {¥Ö zŽ–£{¦ u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤Œw–š––wÙ ž”‡ ¥•ˆ« ¥”–£•£¯š˜¥Š·¨ w« w˜ŒŒ¸¤ –¤ –¥}t¥–²Œ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wَ–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -168- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

Ã.Á ˆ¤ –”¥}t§  ¥{¥–•‘Ù Œt¤ z¥Œ²Œ‰¥Œ¤  ‡« ”›t© œ¥  ¥{¥–•‘Ù ¯§ ›œ  ¥{¥–• Ù ˆ¤ –¥{¥Ö z°˜£˜t¬ {¥Ö z(‘Œ¤tz¥Œ–¥}t¥–/‘Œ¤tz¥Œ²Œ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥) ˜¬t{Ö¥z}¤·šw–¥šŠ¨·{Ö¥z‡Öš•¯z§Œ–¥•³‡Öu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ž– ª ¯zŒ§ zŽ–£”¥†°ŒÕ ‡Œ§ ž”‡ ¥•« ÀÄ šŒ¤ t Õ Œw–t¦žŒ‡–£•£¯š˜¥t¥–{¥Ö zŠ”·¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤Œw–š––w–Ù £« Ã. ˆ¤ –”¥}t§ u zŒt¤ ›t© œ¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ °˜£Œt¤ ›t© œ¥›Œ¬ •tÙ ¥–›t© œ¥•¥Õ Œ”Š¤ –¨u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ž”‡ ¥•š« Œ¤ Ž‡Ì “¥wt¥–›t© œ¥ž– ª ¯” ª· ‘ŒÖ “¥‘t¥–¯ŽŒÝ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ Ã.à ¤ˆ–”¥}§t”Šu z«ww˜“¥•Œ t ž”‡ ¥•«¯”ª· w– À ŽÍŠ¨·¯ŽÝŒ”¥}§t ž–ª u ˜¥  t{¥tt¥–¯ŽŒÝ ”¥}t§ ž– ª ‘ŒÖ “¥‘¯Œ ·ª z{¥t‰t¬ ¯‘t§ ‰ ŒŠ§ ‹§ Ä. t¥–ˆ Õ  ¥•« ˆ¤ –”¥}t§ Ä.À  ¥{¥–•Ù‘Œ¤tz¥Œ–¥}t¥–  ¥{¥–•Ù‘§¯›œ  ¥{¥–•Ù ¤ˆ–¥{Ö¥z ˜¬t{Ö¥z‘Œ¤tz¥Œ–¥}t¥– °˜£˜¬t{Ö¥z}¤·šw–¥šŠ·¨{Ö¥z‡Öš•¯z§Œ–¥•³‡Öu z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ž–ª ¯z§ŒzŽ–£”¥†°ÕŒ‡§Œ ˆÕ  ¥•«¤ˆ–”¥}§t³‡Öˆ¥”–£•£¯š˜¥²Œ¤€€¥t¥–{Ö¥zŠ·¨z¥Œ–§t¥–•ª”-wªŒŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– Ä.Á Œ¤t›©tœ¥”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ °˜£Œ¤t›©tœ¥›¬Œ•Ùt¥–›©tœ¥•Õ¥Œ”¤Š–¨u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ˆ Ö zŒ¦²¦w€¤ °‡zt¥–˜zŠ£¯•¨ Œ¯–•¨ Œ²Œ“¥wt¥–›t© œ¥ŒŒ¸¤ µ ”¥°‡z ¯‘ ·ª u ˆ Õ  ¥•« ˆ¤ –”¥}t§ ³‡ŠÖ z·¨ ¥Œ–t§ ¥–•”ª -wŒª Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– Ä. «ww˜“¥•Œ tž–ª ”¥}§t”Š ˆÕ  ¥•«¤ˆ–”¥}§t³‡ÖŠ·¨z¥Œ–§t¥–•ª”-wªŒŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ž˜¤z{¥tš¤ŒŠ·¨¤ˆ–”¥}§tž”‡ ¥•« °˜£}¦–£wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•””¥}§t”Š–¥•ŽÍˆ¥”Š¨·”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•t¦žŒ‡ Å. ”¥}§tŠ«tŽ–£¯“ŠŠ¨·Š¦¤ˆ–”¥}§tžÖ z”«‡ž–ª ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–ž¥• ˆÖ z°{Özž¥•Š¤ŒŠ¨Š¨·z¥Œ–t§ ¥–•”ª -wŒª Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ž¥t³”Õ°{Özž¥• °˜£”¨«ww˜ ª·ŒŒ¦³Ž²}Ö Ö¬¯ŽÝŒ¯{Ö¥u z¤ˆ–”¥}§t{£ˆÖ z–¤§‡} ˆÕ t¥–•ª”Š–‘¤ •¥t–ŒŒ¸¤ µ ³”šÕ ¥Õ t–†²¨ ‡ µ Šz¤¸ Œ§¸ ¯”·ª ”¥}§tŽ–£zwÙ{£Š¦¤ˆ–”¥}§t²ž”ÕŠ‡°ŠŒ¤ˆ–”¥}§tŠ·¨ž¥•ˆÖ zˆ§‡ˆÕ u Š¦¤ˆ–²ž”ÕŠ·¨¦Œ¤tÕz¯–§”š§}¥t¥–°˜£z¥ŒŠ£¯¨•Œ ‘–Ö ”Š¤¸z}¦–£wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•”ˆ¥”t¦žŒ‡u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•Š·¨¦Œ¤tÕz¯–§”š§}¥t¥–°˜£z¥ŒŠ£¯¨•Œ Æ. ¤ˆ–”¥}§tžÖ z”«‡ž–ª ¤ˆ–”¥}§t›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–²žÖ²}Ö¯|‘¥£ˆ¤š {£” ²žÖ«ww˜ ª·ŒŒ¦”¥²}֍–§t¥–›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–ž–ª Œ¦”¥•ª”Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›³”Õ³‡Ö Šz¸¤ Œ¸¨ ˆz¤¸ °ˆÕ ‡¤ Œ¯¸¨ ŽŒÝ ˆŒÖ ³Ž Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š·¨ ÀÇ tŒ¤ •¥•Œ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÆ (}¬Ö šÕ •›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•{Ù ––•¥ ¯ž˜•¨ šˆ–£t˜¬ )  ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -169- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ª· z –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÄÆ ¯‘·ª ²žÖt¥––§t¥–u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ‡¦¯ŒŒ§ ³Ž‡šÖ •wš¥”¯–•¨ – Ö •  ¥›•¤  ¦Œ¥{ˆ¥”wš¥”²Œ”¥ˆ–¥ ÀÅ, ÀÇ °˜£ Ãà °žzÕ ‘–£–¥}€¤ €ˆ¤ ”§ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ ‘.›. ÁÄÃÆ {z© ³‡ Ö  tŽ–£t¥›¯‘ ª· ¯ŽŒÝ °ŒšŠ¥z²Œt¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ ³§ š‡Ö z¤ Œ¨¸ u Ö À. Ž–£t¥›Œ¯¸¨ –•¨ tš¥Õ Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÄÆ u Ö Á. ²ž•Ö t¯˜t§ Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ª· z –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÃÈ u Ö Â. Ž–£t¥›Œ¸¨²žÖ²}֍¤zw¤ˆ¤¸z°ˆÕš¤Œ‰¤‡{¥tš¤ŒŽ–£t¥›¯ŽÝŒˆÖŒ³Ž ––‡¥wš¥”²Œ–£¯¨•Ž–£t¥›ž– ª w¦z¤· ²‡Šu·¨ ‡¤ ž– ª °•zÖ t¤ Ž–£t¥›Œ¨¸ ²ž²Ö }ŽÖ –£t¥›Œ°¨¸ ŠŒ u Ö Ã. ²ŒŽ–£t¥›Œ¸¨ \"”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ \" ž”¥•‰z© ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ \"¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›\" ž”¥•‰z© ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ \"›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–\" ž”¥•‰z© ž Ö z”‡« ž– ª ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ \" Ö¬ ¦Œš•t¥–\" ž”¥•‰z©  ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› \"²Ö¬ }Ö –t§ ¥–\" ž”¥•‰z© ²¬Ö }Ö –t§ ¥–ž Ö z”‡« ˆ¥”u Ö Ç. °˜£”¥}t§ ˆ¥”u Ö È. \"Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›\" ž”¥•‰z© Š–‘¤ •¥t–ž– ª š¤ ‡« ¥–Œ¯Š›  ª· z·§ ‘”§ ‘Ù  ·ª ”˜¤ ˆ”§ ¯¨ ‡•¨  ª· ±ˆŠ›¤ ŒÙ°˜£ ª·  ¯§ ˜t¶ Š– Œt§ Ù Š²·¨ žÖ –t§ ¥–u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤–¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ž”š‡Š¨· À ¯š˜¥²žÖ –t§ ¥–u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› uÖ  Ä. ¯š˜¥²žÖ–§t¥–u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›²žÖ‰ª ˆ¥”¯š˜¥–¥}t¥– °˜£Ž–£t¥›u z¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ²Œt–†Š¨ ”·¨ w¨ š¥”{¦¯ŽŒÝ ¯t•·¨ št¤ t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ z§ ¥Œu z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› Ö¬ ¦Œš•t¥–¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ”¨ ¦Œ¥{¯Ž˜¨·•Œ°Ž˜z¯š˜¥Š¦t¥–ž–ª t¦žŒ‡¯š˜¥š¤Œz‡²žÖ–§t¥–³‡Öˆ¥”Š¨·¯ž¶Œ”wš–°˜£ˆ¥”wš¥”{¦¯ŽÝŒ±‡•Ž–£t¥›²žÖÖ¬²}֍–§t¥–Š–¥˜ÕšzžŒÖ¥ •¥Õ zŒ Ö • À šŒ¤Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -170- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

ž”š‡Š¨· Á Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› u Ö Å. ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› °zÕ Š–‘¤ •¥t–¯‘ ·ª ²žÖ –t§ ¥– ‡z¤ Œ¨¸ (Å.À) š¤ ‡ˆ« ‘¨ ”§ ‘Ù (Printed Materials) (Å.Á) š¤ ‡³« ”ˆÕ ‘¨ ”§ ‘Ù (Non-Book Materials) (Å.Â) š¤ ‡ « ¯§ ˜t¶ Š– Œt§ Ù (Electronic Materials) u Ö Æ. t¥–²ž•Ö ”ª Š–‘¤ •¥t–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›²ž¯Ö ŽŒÝ ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ž”š‡Š·¨  ”Ö¬ ¨ Š§ ‹²§ }Ö –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› u Ö Ç w« w˜‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ ”¨ Š§ ‹²§ }Ö –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›³‡°Ö tÕ Ç.À  ¥{¥–•/Ù w†¥{¥–•Ù Ç.À.À  ¥{¥–•ÙŽ–£{¦”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ (uÖ¥–¥}t¥–‘˜¯–ª Œ²Œ‰¥¤Œ ‡« ”›t© œ¥ ¥•š}§ ¥t¥–) ÇÀ.Á  ¥{¥–•Ù (‘Œ¤tz¥Œ²Œ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥ ¥•š§}¥t¥–) u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ Ç.À.  ¥{¥–•Ù (˜¬t{Ö¥z}¤·šw–¥š/ ¤ˆ–¥{Ö¥z) °˜£ ¥{¥–•Ù‘§¯›œ u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ Ç.À.à  ¥{¥–•}Ù ¥šˆ¥Õ zŽ–£¯Š› ( ˆ¤ –¥{¥Ö z) u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ Ç.Á Œt¤ ›t© œ¥ Ç.Á.À Œt¤ ›t© œ¥u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ Ç.Á.Á Œt¤ ›t© œ¥›Œ¬ •tÙ ¥–›t© œ¥•¥Õ Œ”Š¤ –¨ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ Ç. uÖ¥–¥}t¥–‘˜¯–ª Œ°˜£˜¬t{Ö¥z Ç.Â.À u¥Ö –¥}t¥–‘˜¯– ª Œ²Œ‰¥Œ¤  ‡« ”›t© œ¥ ¥•Œ¤ ŒŒ« °˜£˜t¬ {¥Ö zŽ–£{¦u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ Ç.Â.Á ˜¬t{Ö¥z (‘Œ¤tz¥Œ–¥}t¥–/‘Œ¤tz¥Œ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•/‘Œ¤tz¥Œ²Œ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥¥•Œ¤ ŒŒ« ) ˜t¬ {¥Ö z}š¤· w–¥šŠ{¨· ¥Ö z‡šÖ •¯zŒ§ –¥•³‡uÖ  z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ž– ª ¯zŒ§ zŽ–£”¥†°ŒÕ ‡Œ§ Ç.à w« w˜“¥•Œ t Ç.Ã.À ›œ§ •¯Ù t¥Õ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ Ç.Ã.Á w« w˜Š¯¨· w•–¤ –¥}t¥–²Œ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ Ç.Ã. u¥Ö –¥}t¥–ž– ª ‘Œt¤ z¥Œ–ƒ¤ š§ ¥žt{§ Š”¨· ž¨ ŒšÕ •z¥Œˆz¸¤  •²Õ¬ Œ{z¤ žš‡¤ Œw–š––wÙ Š« •¤ ‹¥Œ¨ °˜£}•¤ Œ¥Š Ç.Ã.à Ž–£}¥}Œž– ª w« w˜Šš·¤ ³ŽŠ ·¨ •²¬Õ Œ{z¤ žš‡¤ Œw–š––wÙ  Š« •¤ ‹¥Œ¨ °˜£}•¤ Œ¥Š ž– ªw« w˜ Œ·ª ˆ¥”Š›·¨ Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›¯žŒ¶ ”wš–w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -171- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

ž”š‡Š·¨ à wš¥”¯ŽŒÝ ”¥}t§ ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– °˜£Š§ ‹²§ Œt¥–²}Ö –t§ ¥– u Ö È. ”¥}t§ ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ”¨ Á Ž–£¯“Š ‡z¤ Œ¨¸ È.À ”¥}§t¥”¤€ È.Á ”¥}§t”Š u Ö À¿.”¥}t§ ¥”€¤ ³‡°Ö tÕ w« w˜Š–¨· £³« š²Ö Œu Ö Ç. ²Œt¥–¯ŽŒÝ ”¥}t§ {£ˆ Ö z‡¦¯ŒŒ§ t¥–‡z¤ Œ¨¸ À¿.À w« w˜ˆ¥”u Ö Ç.À.À °˜£ Ç.Â.À ˆ Ö z°‡zˆ¤ –Ž–£{¦ˆš¤ u¥Ö –¥}t¥– ž– ª ˆ¤ –Ž–£{¦ˆš¤˜¬t{Ö¥zŽ–£{¦ž–ª žŒ¤zª –¤– z{¥t¬Ö¤zw¤¤€}¥–£‡¤ž¤šžŒÖ¥¥u¥š§}¥ ž–ª Ö¬ ¦Œš•t¥–t z ž–ª ž¤šžŒÖ¥¦Œt¤ z¥Œw†£ ‰¥Œ¤ ¦Œt¤ ž– ª žŒšÕ •z¥ŒŠ¯·¨ –•¨ t} ·ª  •¥Õ z Œ·ª Š¯·¨ Š•¨ ¯Š¥Õ À¿.Á «ww˜ˆ¥”uÖ  Ç.À.Á, Ç.Â.Á °˜£ Ç.Â. ˆÖ z”¨žŒ¤zª –¤– z{¥t¬Ö¤zw¤¤€}¥–£‡¤ žš¤ žŒ¥Ö “¥wš}§ ¥ ž– ª  ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–t z ž– ª ¯˜u¥Œt« ¥–w†£ ‰¥Œ¤ ¦Œt¤ ž– ª žŒšÕ •z¥ŒŠ¯¨· –•¨ t} ª·  •¥Õ z Œª·Š¨·¯Š¨•¯ŠÕ¥ À¿. «ww˜ˆ¥”uÖ  Ç.Á ˆÖ z°‡z¤ˆ–Ž–£{¦ˆ¤šŒ¤t›©tœ¥ °˜£ˆÖ z¯ŽÝŒ¬ÖŠ·¨˜zŠ£¯¨•Œ²Œ“¥wt¥–›t© œ¥ŒŒ¤¸ µ À¿.à «ww˜ˆ¥”uÖ  Ç.à ˆÖ z°‡z¤ˆ–Ž–£{¦ˆ¤šŒ¤t¯–¨•Œ ž–ª ¤ˆ–Ž–£{¦ˆ¤šŒ¤t›©tœ¥ž–ª ¤ˆ–Ž–£{¦ˆ¤šŽ–£}¥}Œ ž–ª ¤ˆ–Ž–£{¦ˆ¤šuÖ¥–¥}t¥– ž–ª ¤ˆ–Ž–£{¦ˆ¤š‘Œ¤tz¥Œ–¤ƒš§¥žt§{ °˜Öš°ˆÕt–†¨ ”¥}§t”Š{£ˆÖ z}¦–£wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•”t¥–¯ŽÝŒ”¥}§t  ¤ˆ–¥wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•”‡¤zt˜Õ¥š²žÖ¯ŽÝŒ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ «ww˜“¥•Œ tŠ¨·}¦–£wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•”t¥–²}֝¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›°–¥•š¤Œ Œ«€¥ˆ²žÖ²}֍–§t¥– Õ¥Œ“¥•²Œ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›³‡Ö •t¯šÖŒt¥–²}֍–§t¥– §Œ¯Š –Ù¯Œ¶ˆŠ·¨{£”¨wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•”t¥–²}֍–§t¥–ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• u Ö ÀÀ.¬Ö”¨§Š‹§•ª”Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š› °˜£²}֍–§t¥–¥zŽ–£¯“Š{£ˆÖ z¯ŽÝŒ”¥}§tžÖ z”«‡u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›¯Š¥Õ ŒŒ¤¸ u Ö ÀÁ.t¥–Š¦¤ˆ–”¥}§t {¦ŒšŒŠ–¤‘•¥t–°˜£–£•£¯š˜¥Š¨·²žÖ•ª” ²žÖ¯ŽÝŒ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z›¬Œ•ÙšŠ§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ž”š‡Š¨· Ä žŒ¥Ö Š°¨· ˜£wš¥”–¤ ‡§ } u z²¬Ö }Ö –t§ ¥– u Ö ÀÂ. ²Ö¬ }Ö –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ˆ Ö zŽ‚§ ˆ¤ ˆ§ ¥”Ž–£t¥› ž– ª w¦z·¤ u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ±‡•¯w–zÕ w–‡¤ ž¥t¥Ð ŒÏ  ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥– ž– ª Š¬Ö ³¨· ‡–Ö ¤ ” ž”¥•” ¨ ¦Œ¥{‡¦¯ŒŒ§ t¥–‡z¤ Œ¸¨ ÀÂ.À ˆt¤ ¯ˆ ª Œ ÀÂ.Á ¯}€§ ²ž Ö  t{¥t›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ÀÂ. ˆ‡¤ Š§ ‹t§ ¥–²}Ö –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ÀÂ.à ¯‘t§ ‰ Œt¥–¯ŽŒÝ ”¥}t§ ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ÀÂ.Ä w« w˜ˆ¥”u Ö Ç.À ‰z© u Ö Ç. {£¯Œ ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ ²ž‘Ö {§ ¥–†¥˜z±ŠœŠ¥zšŒ§ •¤ ÀÂ.Å t–†¨Š·¨¯ŽÝŒŒ¤t›©tœ¥u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ  ¥{¯Œ ²žÖ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•³”Õ Œ«€¥ˆ²žÖ˜zŠ£¯¨•Œ¯–¨•Œ²Œ“¥wt¥–›©tœ¥‰¤‡³Ž ž–ª z‡  t²–¤– zt¥–¦¯–¶{t¥–›©tœ¥²žÖ ÀÂ.Æ t–†¨Š¨·¯ŽÝŒŒ¤t›©tœ¥u z‰¥¤Œt¥–›©tœ¥ ª·Œ ž–ª «w˜¥t–{¥tžŒÕ¥•z¥Œ“¥•Œ t ¥{u ²žÖ‰¥¤Œž–ª žŒÕš•z¥Œ¯{Ö¥¤zt¤‡‘§{¥–†¥˜z±Šœ ÀÂ.Ç ŠÖ¬ ¦˜¥•ž– ª ˜Ö¬ t¤ Š–‘¤ •Ù Œ§ u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›{£‰¬t‡¦¯Œ§Œw‡¨ˆ¥”tž”¥•Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -172- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

u Ö ÀÃ.²¬Ö }Ö –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–{£ˆ Ö zˆ–š{‡w¬ š¥”}¦–‡« ¯•¨ ž¥•u zŠ–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›t Õ Œ t¥–•”ªž¥t‘²ž°Ö {zÖ ––†¥–t¤ œÙ ž– ª ¯{¥Ö žŒ¥Ö ŠŠ¨· –¥ŠŒ¤ Š”¨ |§ £ŒŒ¸¤ ²¬Ö }Ö –t§ ¥–ˆ Ö z–¤ ‡§ } ²Œt¥–}¦–‡« ¯•¨ ž¥•u zŠ–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š·¨•ª” u Ö ÀÄ.²Ö¬ }Ö –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–ˆ Ö z–¤ ‡§ } ˆ Õ Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š•¨· ”ª ‡z¤ Œw¨¸  ª ÀÄ.À ž¥tŠ–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›}¦–‡« ¯•¨ ž¥• ²¬Ö }Ö –t§ ¥–ˆ Ö z}‡²}wÖ ¥Õ ¯•¨ ž¥• ¯‘ ·ª t¥–~ Õ ”°~”ˆ¥”{¦ŒšŒŠ·¨~Õ ”°~” ž¥t³”՝¥”¥–‰~Õ ”°~”³‡Ö{£ˆÖ z}‡²}Ö±‡•t¥–~¸ª ²Œ–¥•t¥–Š·¨¯ž”ª Œt¤Œ ž–ª ²ž”ÕtšÕ¥u z¯‡§” ÀÄ.Á ž¥tŠ–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›€¬ ž¥• ²Ö¬ }Ö –t§ ¥–ˆ Ö z}‡²}±Ö ‡•t¥–~ ª¸ ²Œ–¥•t¥–Š¯¨· ž” ª ŒtŒ¤ž–ª ²ž”ÕtšÕ¥u z¯‡§” °˜£²Œt–†¨Š·¨°{Özž¥•“¥•ž˜¤zš¤Œt¦žŒ‡ÕzˆÖ z}¦–£wÕ¥Ž–¤‡Öš• ÀÄ. Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š}¨· ¦–‡« ¯•¨ ž¥•ˆ¥”u Ö ÀÄ.À °˜£€¬ ž¥•ˆ¥”u Ö ÀÄ.Á ²Œt–†¨Š·¨³”՝¥”¥–‰~ª¸ ”¥Š‡°ŠŒ²žÖ³‡Ö Ö¬²}֍–§t¥–ˆÖ z}¦–£wÕ¥¯¨•ž¥•ˆ¥”–¥w¥²ŒŽÛ{{«¤Œu zŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Œ¤¸Œ°˜£–š”wÕ¥‡¦¯Œ§Œt¥–¯ŠwŒ§wŠ–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Œ¸¤Œ²Œ ¤ˆ–¥Š·¨”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•t¦žŒ‡ u Ö ÀÅ.²Œt¥–•ª”ž–ª t¥–²}֍–§t¥–Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–¥z}Œ§‡ Ö¬²}֍–§t¥– ¥{ˆ Ö z¯•¨ w¥Õ –t§ ¥–¦ž–¤ t¥–•”ª ž– ª t¥–²}ŠÖ –‘¤ •¥t–Šˆ·¨  Ö z¯•¨ w¥Õ –t§ ¥– °˜£ ˆ¤ –¥w¥Õ –t§ ¥–²ž¯Ö ŽŒÝ ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ u Ö ÀÆ.¬Ö²}֍–§t¥–›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–{£ˆÖ z–¤§‡} –£š¤zŠ–¤‘•Ù§ŒÕšŒˆ¤š –š”Š¤¸zˆÖ zŽÑ zt¤Œ°˜£²}֊–¤‘•Ù§Œu zžÖ z”«‡ •Õ¥z–£”¤‡–£š¤z t–†Š¨ ·¨ ²¬Ö }Ö –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–‘w« w˜ŠŒ·¨ ¥Õ z•¤ ž– ª ”‘¨ –§ ‹« Š{·¨ £t Õ ²ž¯Ö t‡§ wš¥”¯•¨ ž¥•°tŠÕ –‘¤ •Ù Œ§u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– {£ˆÖ z°{Öz²žÖ––†¥–¤tœÙž–ª ¯{Ö¥žŒÖ¥Š¨·u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–Š–¥ Š¤¸zŒ¸¨ž¥t‘šÕ¥«ww˜‡¤zt˜Õ¥š³‡Öt–£Š¦²žÖ¯t§‡wš¥”¯¨•ž¥•{–§z ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–ž–ª ¬ÖŠ¨·³‡Ö–¤” ž”¥•{£‡¦¯Œ§Œt¥–°{Özwš¥”–Ö zŠ«tuوՠ¯{Ö¥‘Œ¤tz¥Œˆ¥”tž”¥•ˆÕ ³Ž u Ö ÀÇ.Ö¬²}֍–§t¥–Š·¨•ª”Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–³Ž°˜£Œ¦Õzž˜¤zš¤ŒŠ¨·t¦žŒ‡Õzˆ Ö z}¦–£w¥Õ Ž–¤  ˆ¤ –¥w¥Õ Ž–¤ ²ž¯Ö ŽŒÝ ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ u Ö ÀÈ.¯z§ŒwÕ¥–§t¥– wÕ¥Ž–¤ wÕ¥‹––”¯Œ¨•” u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ‰ª ¯ŽÝŒ¯z§Œ–¥•³‡Ö ²žÖ{¤‡³šÖ¯‘ª· ²}Ö²Œt{§ t¥–°˜£t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥z¥Œu z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ±‡• •²¬Õ Œt¥––ž§ ¥–u zw†£t––”t¥––¥•³‡uÖ  z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› š‹§ t¨ ¥––¤ {¥Õ •¯zŒ§ {¥tw¥Õ ‹––”¯Œ•¨ ” °˜£w¥Õ –t§ ¥– t¥–²}ŠÖ –‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›²žÖ¯ŽÝŒ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤• Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š¨· ÀÇ tŒ¤ •¥•Œ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÆ (}Ö¬ šÕ •›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•Ù ‡–.€¤ €ˆ¤ § }¦Œ¥€t{§ )  ‹t§ ¥–‡”¨ ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙw¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -173- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

Ž–£t¥›¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z ¯š˜¥t¥–²žÖ –t§ ¥–u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÄÆ ¯‘ ª· ²žtÖ ¥––t§ ¥–u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ‡¦¯ŒŒ§ ³Ž‡šÖ •wš¥”¯–•¨ – Ö •°˜£¯ŽŒÝ ³Žˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤–¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›.ÁÄÄÆ u Ö Ä.{z© ³‡tÖ ¦žŒ‡¯š˜¥ t¥–²žÖ –t§ ¥–u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤Œw–š––wÙ ³š‡Ö z¤ Œ¨¸ u Ö À. ²ž•Ö t¯˜t§ Ž–£t¥›¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z¯š˜¥t¥–²žÖ–§t¥–u z›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÃÈ °˜£Ž–£t¥›¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ¯–ª· z ¯š˜¥t¥–²žÖ–§t¥–u z›¬Œ•ÙšŠ§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÄ u Ö Á. ––‡¥ –£¯•¨  Ž–£t¥› w¦z¤·  Œª· ²‡ Š”·¨ w¨ š¥”t˜¥Õ š³š°Ö ˜šÖ ²ŒŽ–£t¥›Œ¸¨ ž– ª ~z·© u‡¤ °•zÖt¤ wš¥”²ŒŽ–£t¥›Œ¨¸ ²ž²Ö }ŽÖ –£t¥›Œ°¨¸ ŠŒ u Ö Â. ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥–¯ŽÌ‡²žÖ–§t¥–}՚z¯ŽÌ‡“¥w¯–¨•Œ °˜£ŽÌ‡“¥w¯–¨•Œ ˆ¥”t¦žŒ‡š¤Œ °˜£¯š˜¥‡¤zˆÕ ³ŽŒ¸¨ Â.À “¥w¯–•¨ ŒŽtˆ§ (À) šŒ¤ {Œ¤ Š–Ù - šŒ¤ ›t« –Ù ¯Ž‡Ì Š¦t¥–¯š˜¥ ¿Ç.¿¿ - ÀÅ.¿ Œ. (Á) š¤Œ¯¥–Ù ¯Ž‡Ì Š¦t¥–¯š˜¥ ¿Ç.¿¿ - ÀÅ.¿ Œ. (Â) šŒ¤  ¥Šˆ§ •Ù¯Ž‡Ì Š¦t¥–¯š˜¥ ¿Ç.¿¿ - ÀÅ.¿¿ Œ. Â.Á “¥w¯–•¨ Œ—‡–¬  Ö Œ°˜£Ž‡Ì “¥wt¥–›t© œ¥ (À) šŒ¤ {Œ¤ Š–Ù - šŒ¤ ›t« –Ù ¯Ž‡Ì Š¦t¥–¯š˜¥ ¿È.¿¿ - ÀÄ.¿ Œ. (Á) š¤Œ¯¥–Ù ¯Ž‡Ì Š¦t¥–¯š˜¥ ¿Ç.¿¿ - ÀÅ.¿ Œ. (Â) šŒ¤  ¥Šˆ§ •Ù¯Ž‡Ì Š¦t¥–¯š˜¥ ¿Ç.¿¿ - ÀÅ.¿¿ Œ. Â. ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–Ž‡Ì ²žÖ –t§ ¥–²ŒšŒ¤ ž•‡« Œt¤ uˆ¤ —tœÙ šŒ¤ ž•‡« }‡¯}•u zŠ¥z–¥}t¥– °˜£šŒ¤ ž•‡«ˆ¥”Ž–£t¥›u zŠ¥z”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ u Ö Ã. ²Œt–†¨Š¨·”¨wš¥”{¦¯ŽÝŒˆÖ z¯Ž˜¨·•Œ°Ž˜z¯š˜¥Š¦t¥–ž–ª t¦žŒ‡¯š˜¥ š¤Œz‡²žÖ–§t¥–Œ t¯žŒª ³Ž{¥tŠ¨·t¦žŒ‡³šÖ²ŒuÖ  Â. ²žÖ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š›¯ŽÝŒ¬Ö”¨ ¦Œ¥{Ž–£t¥›¯Ž˜·¨•Œ°Ž˜z³‡Öˆ¥”Š¨·¯ž¶Œ”wš–°˜£ˆ¥”wš¥”{¦¯ŽŒÝ ±‡•Ž–£t¥›²žÖ ²Ö¬ }֍–§t¥–Š–¥˜ÕšzžŒÖ¥ •Õ¥zŒÖ • À šŒ¤ Šz¸¤ Œ¸¨ ˆz¤¸ °ˆÕ ‡¤ Œ¯¸¨ ŽŒÝ ˆŒÖ ³Ž Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š·¨ ÀÇ tŒ¤ •¥•Œ ‘.›. ÁÄÄƎ–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ (}¬Ö šÕ •›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•{Ù ––•¥ ¯ž˜•¨ šˆ–£t˜¬ ) ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› -174- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

Ž–£t¥›¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ·ª z u Ö Ž‚§ ˆ¤ § ¦ž–¤ ¯¬Ö u¥Ö ²}›Ö Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÄÆ ¯‘ ª· ²žtÖ ¥––t§ ¥–u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤Œw–š––wÙ ‡¦¯ŒŒ§ ³Ž‡šÖ •wš¥”z¯–•¨ – Ö • ¯ŽŒÝ Ž–£±•}ŒˆÙ  Õ ²¬Ö }Ö –t§ ¥–±‡•šÕ Œ–š” °˜£ ‡w˜ Ö zt¤ Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯– ª· z –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›. ÁÄÄÆu Ö ÀÂ. {z© t¦žŒ‡u Ö Ž‚§ ˆ¤ § ¦ž–¤ ¯Ö¬ u¥Ö ²}›Ö Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ³š‡Ö z¤ Œ¨¸ À. ˆ Ö z¯w¥–‘ˆ Õ ‰¥ŒŠ–¨· ¥}t¥–±‡•°ˆzÕ t¥•²žÖ “« ¥‘¯–•¨ – Ö • Á. ˆ Ö z¦–š”t–§ •§ ¥ ³”‘Õ ‡¬ w•« ¯•¨ z‡z¤ °˜£³”ŽÕ ‚§ ˆ¤ ˆ§ Œ¯ŽŒÝ Š–¨· tšŒ ¬Ö Œ·ª Â. ˆ Ö zŽ‡Ì ¯w– ª· z” ª  ª· ¥–Št« }Œ‡§ t Õ Œ¯u¥Ö ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– Ã. ˆ Ö zŒ¦ˆ¤ –Ž–£{¦ˆš¤ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ž– ª ˆ¤ –”¥}t§ ž Ö z”‡« ”¥‡šÖ •Št« w–z¸¤Š¯·¨ u¥Ö ²}Ö –t§ ¥– °˜£²ž°Ö ‡zˆ¤ –ˆ Õ ¯{¥Ö žŒ¥Ö ŠŠ·¨ t« w–z¸¤ Šu·¨  ˆ–š{ ±‡•ž¥Ö ”Œ¦ˆ¤ – Ö¬ Œª· ”¥²}Ö Ä. ˆ Ö z¥tt–£¯Ž¥Ó z§· u z Œ·ª µ •t¯šŒÖ u z”w¨ ¥Õ Šˆ·¨ –¬Ö ¤ ¥tz§· u zt Õ Œ¯u¥Ö ²}Ö –t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– Å. ˆ Ö z²ž¯Ö {¥Ö žŒ¥Ö Šˆ·¨ –š{t–£¯Ž¥Ó žŒz¤  ª ¯ t¥–°˜£z§· u zt Õ Œ  t{¥t›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– Æ. žÖ¥”Œ¦ ¥ž¥– ž–ª ¯w–ª· z‡·ª”¯uÖ¥”¥–¤Ž–£Š¥Œ“¥•²Œ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– Ç. ž¥Ö ”Š¦wš¥”tŽ–t²Œ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ž– ª Œ¦ˆ¤ šŠÙ t« }Œ‡§ ¯u¥Ö ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– È. ž¥Ö ”¯˜ŒÕ t¥–‘ŒŒ¤ °˜£¯t” ž– ª t–£Š¦z·§ ‡§ ˆ Õ tž”¥•²Œ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– À¿. ž¥Ö ”|t¨ t–‡¨ ˆ‡¤ ‘¤ ž– ª u‡¨ ¯u•¨ ŒžŒz¤  ª ¯ t¥– °˜£ ª· z·§ ‘”§ ‘ŠÙ t« }Œ‡§ u z›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ÀÀ. ³”ÕŒ¦Š–¤‘•¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š¨·³”Õ³‡Ö•ª” •Õ¥z‰¬tˆÖ zˆ¥”–£¯¨•  t{¥t›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ÀÁ. ˆ Ö zŒ¦Š–‘¤ •¥t–¥–Œ¯Š›Š•·¨ ”ª ³Ž zÕ wŒª ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–ˆ¥”šŒ¤ ¯š˜¥Št·¨ ¦žŒ‡ ÀÂ. ˆ Ö z‡°¬ ˜ –£”‡¤ –£šz¤ Š–‘¤ •Ù Œ§ z§· u z”w¨ ¥Õ šÕ Œˆš¤ ž¥t€¬ ž¥• ›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥–{£³”–Õ ¤ ‡§ }  ÀÃ. ²žÖwš¥”–Õš””ª ²Œt¥– ‡Õ z‡¬°˜«ww˜Š¨·”¨‘—ˆ§t––”³”Ռե³šÖš¥z²{ °˜£°{Öz––†¥–¤tœÙ ž–ª ¯{¥Ö žŒ¥Ö Š›·¨ Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ž– ª ”Ö¬ ž¨ Œ¥Ö ŠŠ·¨ ¯·¨ t•¨· šu Ö z ž¥t¬Ö¯uÖ¥²}֍–§t¥–³”ÕŽ‚§¤ˆ§ˆ¥” ž–ª Ð¥ÏŒuÖ Ž‚§¤ˆ§uÖ¥zˆÖŒ ›¬Œ•Ùš§Š•–§t¥– ¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› ”¨ ¦Œ¥{˜z±Šœˆ¥””¥ˆ–¥²ŒuÖ  À °žÕzŽ–£t¥›”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ¯–ª· z–t§ ¥–›Œ¬ •šÙ Š§ •–t§ ¥– ¦Œt¤ šŠ§ •–t§ ¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ‘.›.ÁÄÄÆ Šz¸¤ Œ¨¸ ˆz¸¤ °ˆÕ ‡¤ Œ¯¸¨ ŽŒÝ ˆŒÖ ³Ž Ž–£t¥› † šŒ¤ Š·¨ ÀÇ tŒ¤ •¥•Œ ‘.›. ÁÄÄÆw¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ (}¬Ö šÕ •›¥ˆ–¥{¥–•{Ù ––•¥ ¯ž˜•¨ šˆ–£t˜¬ ) ¬Ö ¦Œš•t¥–¦Œ¤tš§Š•–§t¥–°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨¥–Œ¯Š› -175- Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ

Ž–£t¥›”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ -176- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ ž˜t¤ ¬ˆ–w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

ž˜¤t¬ˆ–w–«›¥ˆ–¤†„§ˆ ¥u¥š§}¥“¥œ¥³Š•ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Ž–¤ Ž–z« ‘.›. 2554}ª· ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥ : ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§w†£/“¥wš}§ ¥ : w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù 1001101 t¥–›t© œ¥°˜£wš¥”¯ŽŒÝ w–³¬ Š• 3 (3-0-6) u Ö ”˜¬ Šš·¤ ³Ž1. –ž¤°˜£}·ª ž˜¤t¬ˆ– 1001701 Education and Characterization 1003701 “¥œ¥³Š• : ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ 1122201 for Thai Teachers 2 (2-0-4) ¥u¥š}§ ¥“¥œ¥³Š• 1122303 “¥œ¥³Š•¦ž–¤ w–¬ 1131701 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ : Bachelor of Education Program Thai Language for Teachers 1133101 t¥––ž§ ¥–{‡¤ t¥–²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (3-0-6) in Thai2. } ª· Ž–€§ €¥°˜£¥u¥š}§ ¥ 1143105 Administration in School t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) “¥œ¥³Š• } ª· ¯ˆ”¶ : w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ (“¥œ¥³Š•) 1144411 } ·ª • Õ : w.. (“¥œ¥³Š•) 1151106 School Curriculum Development 2312707 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ } ·ª ¯ˆ”¶ : Bachelor of Education ž˜t¤ t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–¬Ö 3 (2-2-5) Program in Thai Principle of Learning Management } ª· • Õ : B.Ed. (Thai) w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ 2 (1-2-3)3. ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ¥–Œ¯Š›¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3.1 ž˜¤t¬ˆ– ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ ¥u¥š}§ ¥“¥œ¥³Š• Computer and Information 3.1.1 {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ –š”ˆ˜ ‡ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 167 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Technology for Teachers 3.1.2 ±w–z–¥Ö zž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ”‡¨ z¤ Œ¸¨ Œšˆ¤ t––”°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ 3 (2-2-5) ¥–Œ¯Š›Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ Innovation and Educationalž”š‡š}§ ¥/t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥/š}§ ¥ {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ Information Technology t¥–š‡¤ °˜£Ž–£¯”Œ§ ˜t¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5)t. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš¤· ³Ž 32 Educational Measurement 1. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥“¥œ¥°˜£t¥– ·ª ¥– 9 2. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥”Œœ« •›¥ˆ–Ù 7 and Evaluation 3 (2-2-5) 3. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥z¤ w”›¥ˆ–Ù 6 t¥–š{§ •¤ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 4. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–°Ù ˜£w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 10 129 Educational Research 3 (3-0-6)u. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ 51 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥¦ž–¤ w–¬ 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ 31 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ 6 Psychology for Teachers 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t 14 1.3 š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” 78 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6) 2. š}§ ¥¯ t 6 167 English for Teachersw. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ –š”Šz¸¤ ž”‡ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 2 (2-0-4) 1001702 ¯‘››t© œ¥°– ‡¥Ö Œt. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš·¤ ³Ž {¦ŒšŒ 32 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1002405 tž”¥•t¥–›t© œ¥³Š• 2 (2-0-4)u. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 129 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1003601 t¥–›t© œ¥°¯–•¨ Œ–š” 2 (2-0-4) °zÕ ¯ŽŒÝ 3 t˜”Õ« ‡z¤ Œ¸¨ 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ {¦ŒšŒ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1112201 t¥–›t© œ¥t¤ t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥}”« }Œ 2 (2-0-4) 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§”–¨ ¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -178- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 2 (2-0-4)1113504 t¥–›t© œ¥Š¥z¯˜ ª t 2 (1-2-3) 1152102 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥w« ˜t§ “¥‘°˜£t¥–Ž–¤ ˆš¤ 3 (3-0-6) 2 (2-0-4) 2 (2-0-4) Psychology of Personality and Adjustment 2 (2-0-4)1114902 ”¤ ”Œ¥Ž€Û ž¥t¥–›t© œ¥ 2 (1-2-3) 1152301 ”Œœ« •”¤ ‘Œ¤ ‹Ù ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6) 2 (1-2-3) 2 (1-2-3) Human Relations for Teachers 2 (1-2-3)1122302 t¥– Œ~ Õ ”¯–”§ 1152503 u« “¥‘{ˆ§ ²Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (3-0-6) Mental Health in School1122501 ¯ŠwŒw§ t¥–Žtw– z}Œ¤¸ ¯–•¨ Œ 1153402 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥¯‡t¶ t˜”«Õ ‘¯§ ›œ 3 (3-0-6)1123201 t{§ t––”‘…¤ Œ¥¯Ö¬ –•¨ Œ Special Child Psychology 1153501 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–°Œ£°Œš¯‡t¶ š•¤ –Œ«Õ 3 (3-0-6) Adolescence Guidance Psychology1123301 Št¤ œ£°˜£¯ŠwŒw§ t¥– Œ 1153502 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–°Œ£°Œš 3 (3-0-6)1123302 ž˜t¤ t¥–Œ¯§ Š›t¥– Œ Guidance Psychology 1153506 t¥–zÕ ¯–”§ wš¥”w‡§ –¥Ö z––wÙ 3 (3-0-6) Creative Thinking Process1123303 –Ž¬ °t¥–¯–•¨ Œt¥– Œ 1153602 t¥–z¤ ¯tˆ‘—ˆt§ ––”¯‡t¶ 3 (3-0-6)1123304  ·ª °˜£t{§ t––”¦ž–¤ Child's Behavior Observation t¥–¯–•¨ Œ“¥œ¥³Š• 1154103 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–²žwÖ ¦Ž–t© œ¥w– w–š¤ 3 (3-0-6) Family Counseling Psychology 1155101 t¥–{‡¤ t{§ t––”°Œ£°Œš²Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (3-0-6) Guidance Activity in School1223701 t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–ŠÖ¬ ‘¨· …¤ Œ¥Št¤ œ£ 2 (1-2-3) 1161101 ž˜t¤ t¥––ž§ ¥–t¥–›t© œ¥ 2 (2-0-4) t¥–w‡§ Principles of Educational Administration 1191401 w¥Õ •‘t¤ °–” 2 (1-2-3)1132502 t¥––¥Ö z ª· t¥–¯–•¨ Œt¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) Camping 1194401 tÖ¬ ¦t¤ ˜t¬ ¯ ª °˜£¯Œˆ–Œ¥–u¨ Œ¤¸ 2 (1-2-3) wš¥”–¯¬Ö  ª¸ zˆŒÖ1134101 t¥–›t© œ¥±‡•–£ ª· Š¥z³t˜ 2 (1-2-3) Scoutmaster in Basic Unit Training t¥––¥Ö z°Š‡  Course (B.T.C.) 1194403 ‘˜›t© œ¥°˜£ŒŒ¤ ŠŒ¥t¥–¦ž–¤ w–¬ 2 (1-2-3)1142201 2 (1-2-3) Physical Education and Recreation for11431021144201 Test Construction Teachers1151101 t¥–Ž–£¯”Œ§ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥1151103 2 (1-2-3)11511041151105 Education Evaluation 1.3 š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” {¦ŒšŒ1152101 t¥––¥Ö z°Š‡ š‡¤ wš¥”‰Œ‡¤ 2 (1-2-3) 14 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {¥t–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ Aptitude Test Construction –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥Šš¤· ³Ž 3 (3-0-6) General Psychology 3 (3-0-6) 1003803 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 1 2 (1-2-3) {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥š•¤ ¯‡t¶ 1004801 1004802 Practicum 1 Child Psychology 3 (3-0-6) 1005801 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 2 1 (0-2-1) {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–Ž–t© œ¥¯ ¸ª zˆŒÖ 1005802 Practicum 2 Introduction to Counseling Psychology t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 3 1 (0-2-1) {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥‘…¤ Œ¥t¥– 3 (3-0-6) Practicum 3 t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 1 5 (450) Developmental Psychology Internship 1 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥°–z{z¬ ²{ 3 (3-0-6) t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 2 5 (450) Psychology of Motivation Internship 2wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -179- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

2. š}§ ¥¯ t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯ŽŒÝ š}§ ¥¯ t 2214501 ˜z¥Œt¥–wŒÖ wš¥Ö Š¥z“¥œ¥°˜£ 3 (3-0-6)z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 68 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ t š––†w‡³¨ Š•z¤ w¤ ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °˜£š}§ ¥¯ t¯˜ ª tž– ª š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ t¯˜ ª t ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 4 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ±‡•”–¨ ¥•˜£¯ •¨ ‡ A Study of Research Work in Thaiu z–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ Œ¸¨ Language and Thai Literature 2.1 š}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 68 žŒšÕ •tˆ§¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ 2214502 žŒz¤  ª ¯–•¨ Œš}§ ¥“¥œ¥³Š• 3 (3-0-6) Thai Text Books 3 (2-2-5) 2214701 ¯ŠwŒw§ t¥–Œ¦¯Œ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Presentation Techniques 2214902 t¥–š{§ •¤ Š¥z“¥œ¥³Š• 3 (3-0-6)2212103 “¥œ¥›¥ˆ–Ù ¦ž–¤ w–¬  Œ“¥œ¥³Š• 3 (3-0-6) Research Work in Thai2212104 2214903 ”¤ ”Œ¥t¥–²}“Ö ¥œ¥³Š•2212105 Linguistics for Thai Language Teacher 3 (2-2-5)22122012212202 ž˜t¤ “¥œ¥³Š• 3 (3-0-6) Seminar on Thai Language 2313701 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–“¬ ¥œ¥³Š• 3 (3-0-6)2212207 Principles of Thai Language22122082212210 ˜t¤ œ†£w¦Ž–£‘Œ¤ ‹³Ù Š• 3 (2-2-5) English for Thai Language Teachers2212401 2.2 š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ2212404 Characteristics of Thai Poetry 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸22127012213201 š¥ŠšŠ§ •¥ 3 (2-2-5)2213403 Speech –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§2213406 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥t¥–’zÛ t¥–‡°¬ ˜£t¥–‘‡¬ 3 (2-2-5)2213412 1123601 š‹§ ¨  Œ“¥œ¥³Š• 12214201 Listening, Viewing and Speaking 3 (2-2-5)2214202 Skills Development Methods of Thai Language Teaching 1 t¥–¯u•¨ ŒŠš·¤ ³Ž 3 (2-2-5) 1124602 š‹§ ¨  Œ“¥œ¥³Š• 2 3 (2-2-5) Writing Methods of Thai Language Teaching 2 t¥– ¥Õ Œ¯‘ ·ª ‘…¤ Œ¥ˆŒ 3 (2-2-5) Reading for Self Development 2.3 š§}¥¯ t¯˜ª tž–ª š§}¥t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t¯˜ª t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 4 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {¥t–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ t¥–¯u•¨ Œ¯‘ ª· ‘…¤ Œ¥ˆŒ 3 (2-2-5) Writing for Self Development –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š––†t––”›t© œ¥ 3 (3-0-6) Thai Literary Works 2211103 ž˜t¤ t¥– ¥Õ Œt¥–¯u•¨ Œw¦³Š• 3 (3-0-6) wˆ}§ ŒšŠ§ •¥ 2211401 3 (2-2-5) 2211702 Reading and Writing Systems in Thai 2212405 wš¥”–‘Ö¬ Œª¸ ƒ¥Œ¯t•¨· št¤ š––†w‡³¨ Š• 3 (3-0-6) Thai Folklore 2212702 ›˜§ Ž£t¥– ¥Õ Œ  t¯•¨ z 3 (3-0-6) 2213102 Fundamental of Thai Language 2213210 t¥–¯u•¨ Œ–¥•z¥Œ{¥tt¥–wŒÖ wš¥Ö 3 (2-2-5) Reading Technique 2213407 t¥– ¥Õ Œ°˜£t¥–¯u•¨ Œ¯ t¥– 3 (2-2-5) Report Writing form Reference Materials Š¥z–¥}t¥– š––†w‡u¨ ŒŽ–£¯‘†°¨ ˜£›¥Œ¥ 3 (3-0-6) Reading and Writing in Official Documents Literature on Thai Customs and Religions w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –tÙ ¤ z¥Œ¯ t¥–“¥œ¥³Š• 3 (2-2-5) š––†t––”¯ tu z³Š• 3 (3-0-6) Masterpieces of Thai Literature Computer for Thai Documents “¥œ¥ˆ¥Õ zŽ–£¯Š›²Œ“¥œ¥³Š• 3 (3-0-6) š––†t––”š{§ ¥–†Ù 3 (3-0-6) Literary Critique Loaned words in Thai Language š––†t––”¯‡t¶ 3 (3-0-6) “¥œ¥³Š•‹–« t{§ 3 (3-0-6) Children's Literature 3 (2-2-5) Usage of Thai Language in Business t¥– ¥Õ Œˆw¨ š¥” °zwÕ ‡§ {¥tš––†w‡°¨ ˜£š––†t––” 3 (3-0-6) Reading Interpretation Thoughts from Literature t¥–¯u•¨ Œ¯}z§ –¥Ö z––wÙ 3 (2-2-5) Creative Writingw†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -180- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§2213409 š––†w‡t¨ ¥–˜£w– 3 (3-0-6)22134102213411 Thai Dramatic Literature22134142214102 š––†w‡¨ ‡‡« ¨ 3 (3-0-6)2214103 Panegyric Literature 3 (3-0-6)2214104 š––†w‡¨ z¤ w”°˜£t¥–¯” ª z22144022214404 Social and Political Literature2214503 š––†t––”Š Ö z‰Œ·§ 3 (3-0-6)22147062214707 Thai Local Literature “¥œ¥¥˜°¨ ˜£Œ¤ t—ˆ²Œ“¥œ¥³Š• 3 (3-0-6) Pali and Sunskrit in Thai wš¥””¤ ‘Œ¤ ‹–Ù £žš¥Õ z“¥œ¥t¤ 3 (3-0-6) š…¤ Œ‹––” Language and Culture Relationship “¥œ¥‰Œ·§ 3 (3-0-6) Dialectology 3 (3-0-6) š––†t––”Ž{Û {« Œ¤ Contemporary Literature  Š§ ‹‘§ ˜u zš––†w‡ˆ¨ ¥Õ zŽ–£¯Š›ˆ Õ 3 (3-0-6) š––†w‡³¨ Š• Influence of Foreign Literature on Thai Literature 3 (2-2-5) t¥––¥Ö zŠ¯–•¨ Œ“¥œ¥³Š• Production of Teaching Materials wš¥”w‡§ –¥Ö z––wŠÙ ¥z“¥œ¥³Š• 3 (2-2-5) Creative Thinking in Thai t¥–{‡¤ Š¦žŒz¤  ª ¦ž–¤ ¯‡t¶ 3 (2-2-5) Writing Childrenw. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Œt¤ ›t© œ¥¯˜ ª t¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥²‡²‡²Œž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –ˆ¥Õ z µ u z”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ²ž³Ö ‡žÖ ŒšÕ •tˆ§ –š”tŒ¤6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -181- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

ž˜¤t¬ˆ–w–«›¥ˆ–¤†„§ˆ ¥u¥š§}¥š§Š•¥›¥ˆ–ÙŠ·¤š³Žž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Ž–¤ Ž–z« ‘.›. 2554} ·ª ‰¥Œ¤  ‡« ”›t© œ¥ : ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ ¯˜ª t³”Ռ֠•tšÕ¥ 6 žŒÕš•t§ˆ š§}¥Ž–£t¥–†Ù“¥wŒ¥”w†£/“¥wš}§ ¥ : w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù {¦ŒšŒ 14 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ u Ö ”˜¬ Šš¤· ³Ž1. –ž¤°˜£}ª· ž˜¤t¬ˆ– 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§“¥œ¥³Š• : ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ ”¨ 11 –¥•š}§ ¥ ‡z¤ Œ¸¨ ¥u¥š}§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–ŠÙ š¤· ³Ž –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ : Bachelor of Education Program 1001101 t¥–›t© œ¥°˜£wš¥”¯ŽŒÝ w–³¬ Š• 3 (3-0-6) in General Science 1001701 Education and Characterization for2. }ª· Ž–§€€¥°˜£¥u¥š§}¥ 1003701 1122201 Thai Teachers 2 (2-0-4) “¥œ¥³Š• } ª· ¯ˆ”¶ : w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ 1122303 “¥œ¥³Š•¦ž–¤ w–¬ (šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–ŠÙ š·¤ ³Ž) 1131701 Thai Language for Teachers } ·ª • Õ : w.. (šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–ŠÙ š·¤ ³Ž) 1133101 t¥––ž§ ¥–{‡¤ t¥–²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (3-0-6) “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ } ª· ¯ˆ”¶ : Bachelor of Education 1143105 Administration in School (General Science) 1144411 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) } ·ª • Õ : B.Ed. (General Science) 11511063. ž˜¤t¬ˆ– 2312707 School Curriculum Development 3.1 ž˜¤t¬ˆ– ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ ¥u¥š}§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–ŠÙ š·¤ ³Ž ž˜t¤ t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–Ö¬ 3 (2-2-5) 3.1.1 {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ –š”ˆ˜ ‡ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –³”ŒÕ  Ö • tš¥Õ 167 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Principle of Learning Management 3.1.2 ±w–z–¥Ö zž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ”‡¨ z¤ Œ¨¸ w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ 2 (1-2-3) ¥–Œ¯Š›¦ž–¤ w–¬ Computer and Informationž”š‡š}§ ¥/t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥/š}§ ¥ {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ Technology for Teachers Œšˆ¤ t––”°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› 3 (2-2-5)t. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš¤· ³Ž Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 1. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥“¥œ¥°˜£t¥– ·ª ¥– 2. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥”Œœ« •›¥ˆ–Ù 32 Innovation and Educational 3. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥z¤ w”›¥ˆ–Ù 9 4. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–°Ù ˜£w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 7 Information Technology 6 t¥–š‡¤ °˜£Ž–£¯”Œ§ ˜t¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5)u. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ 10 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ 129 Educational Measurement and Evaluation 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ 51 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t 31 t¥–š{§ •¤ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) 1.3 š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” 6 2. š}§ ¥¯ t 14 Educational Research 3 (3-0-6) 78 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥¦ž–¤ w–¬w. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ 6 –š”Šz¸¤ ž”‡ 167 Psychology for Teachers “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6) English for Teachers 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯˜ ª t{¥t–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸t. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš¤· ³Ž {¦ŒšŒ 32 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§u. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 129 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1001702 ¯‘››t© œ¥°– ‡¥Ö Œ 2 (2-0-4) Ž–£t ‡šÖ •š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–³¬ ”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥¯ t³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ‡z¤ Œ¸¨ Comprehensive Sex Education 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °zÕ  t¯ŽŒÝ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ 1002405 tž”¥•t¥–›t© œ¥³Š• 2 (2-0-4) Thai Education Lawsw†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -182- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1.3 š§}¥Ž–£t¥–†Ù“¥wŒ¥” {¦ŒšŒ 14 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {¥t–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸1003601 t¥–›t© œ¥°¯–•¨ Œ–š” 2 (2-0-4) Inclusive Education –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§1004701***šŒ‘—t›¥ˆ–²Ù Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (2-2-5) 1003803 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 1 2 (1-2-3) 1004801 School Botanical Garden 1004802 Practicum 1 1005801 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 2 1 (0-2-1)1113504 t¥–›t© œ¥Š¥z¯˜ ª t 2 (2-0-4) 1005802 Practicum 2 Alternative Education 2 (1-2-3) t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 3 1 (0-2-1)1114902 ”¤ ”Œ¥Ž€Û ž¥t¥–›t© œ¥ Practicum 3 Seminar in Educational Problems t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 1 5 (450)1122302 t¥– Œ~ Õ ”¯–”§ 2 (2-0-4) Internship 1 t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 2 5 (450) Remedial Teaching 2 (2-0-4)1122501 ¯ŠwŒw§ t¥–Žtw– z}Œ¸¤ ¯–•¨ Œ Internship 2 Classroom Management Techniques1123201 t{§ t––”‘…¤ Œ¥¯¬Ö –•¨ Œ 2 (2-0-4) Learner Development Activities 2. š}§ ¥¯ t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Ž–£t  ‡šÖ • š}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤ 68 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤1123301 Št¤ œ£°˜£¯ŠwŒw§ t¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °˜£š}§ ¥¯ t¯˜ ª tž– ª š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ t¯˜ ª t ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 4 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ±‡•”–¨ ¥•˜£¯ •¨ ‡u z–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ Œ¨¸ Teaching Skills and Techniques 2.1 š}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 68 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ of Teaching 2 (1-2-3) ¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨1123302 ž˜t¤ t¥–Œ¯§ Š›t¥– Œ Instructional Supervision –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§1123701 t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–ŠÖ¬ ‘¨· …¤ Œ¥Št¤ œ£ 2 (1-2-3) “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–š¬ Š§ •¥›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (3-0-6) t¥–w‡§ Learning Management for Development 2312709 4003901 Thinking Skills 4211305 English for Science Teacher1134101 t¥–›t© œ¥±‡•–£ ·ª Š¥z³t˜ 2 (1-2-3) 4212301 š‹§ š¨ {§ •¤ šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (2-2-5) 4212302 Telecommunications and Distance Research in Science 4212306 ’Ì t§ Ù 1 Learning 4214402 3 (3-0-6)1151104 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–Ž–t© œ¥¯ ¸ª zˆŒÖ 3 (3-0-6) 4214602 Physics 1 4221101 ’Ì t§ Ù 2 Introduction to Counseling Psychology 4221102 3 (3-0-6)1152301 ”Œœ« •”¤ ‘Œ¤ ‹Ù ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6) Physics 2 Human Relations for Teachers *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4211305 °˜£ 4212306 ”¥t Õ Œ*1153506 t¥–zÕ ¯–”§ wš¥”w‡§ –¥Ö z––wÙ 3 (3-0-6) Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–’Ì t§ Ù 2 1 (0-2-1) Creative Thinking Process Physics Laboratory 21155101 t¥–{‡¤ t{§ t––”°Œ£°Œš²Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (3-0-6) *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4211305 °˜£ 4212306 ”¥t Õ Œ* Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–’Ì t§ Ù 1 Guidance Activity in School 1 (0-2-1)1161101 ž˜t¤ t¥––ž§ ¥–t¥–›t© œ¥ 2 (2-0-4) Physics Laboratory 1 ’Ì t§ °Ù Œ²ž”Õ Principles of Educational Administration 3 (3-0-6)1191401 w¥Õ •‘t¤ °–” 2 (1-2-3) Modern Physics Camping * ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4211301 ”¥t Õ Œ*1194401 tÖ¬ ¦t¤ ˜t¬ ¯ ª °˜£¯Œˆ–Œ¥–u¨ Œ¸¤ 2 (1-2-3) Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–’Ì t§ °Ù Œ²ž”Õ 1 (0-2-1) wš¥”–¯Ö¬  ¸ª zˆŒÖ Modern Physics Laboratory Scoutmaster in Basic Unit Training ¯w”¨ 1 3 (3-0-6) Course (B.T.C.) Chemistry 1 1 (0-2-1)1194403 ‘˜›t© œ¥°˜£ŒŒ¤ ŠŒ¥t¥–¦ž–¤ w–¬ 2 (1-2-3) Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–¯w”¨ 1 Physical Education and Recreation Chemistry Laboratory 1 for Teachers *** Ž–¤Ž–«zž˜¤t¬ˆ–¯˜¶tŒÖ • (” .08)wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -183- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 2.3 š§}¥¯ t¯˜ª tž–ª š§}¥t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t¯˜ª t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 4 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {¥t–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸4221103 ¯w”¨ 2 3 (2-2-5) ž”šÕ¬ }§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ t4223305 Chemistry 2 –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§42247134224719 *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4211101 ”¥t Õ Œ*4231101 šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–‘Ù  ˜¯§ ” –Ù4231102 3 (3-0-6) 1123306  ª· °˜£t{§ t––”¦ž–¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ 2 (2-0-4)4232101 1123705 šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–Ù4232104 Polymer Science 3 (3-0-6) Media and Activities for Learning Science4243101  ˆ« ¥žt––”Ž±Ì ˆ–¯w”¨ t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–š¬Ö Š§ •¥›¥ˆ–Ù 2 (1-2-3)4252302 Š‘¨· …¤ Œ¥Št¤ œ£t¥–w‡§4254402 Petrochemical Industry Learning Management in Science for42611014261601 ‘˜z¤ z¥ŒŠ‡°ŠŒ 3 (3-0-6) Development Thinking Skills4263710 Alternative Energy 3 (3-0-6)4291401 }š¨ šŠ§ •¥Šš¤· ³Ž4292401 General Biology 1 (0-2-1) • ž”šÕ¬ }§ ¥’Ì t§ Ù4322101 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–}š¨ šŠ§ •¥Šš·¤ ³Ž 4212303 t˜›¥ˆ–Ù General Biology Laboratory 3 (3-0-6) ––¨ šŠ§ •¥Šš·¤ ³Ž 3 (2-2-5) Mechanics General Physiology *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4211305 ”¥t Õ Œ* Œ¯§ š›šŠ§ •¥ 4212307 ’Ì t§ uÙ  zw˜Œ·ª 3 (2-2-5) 3 (3-0-6) Ecology Physics of Wave ‡¥–¥›¥ˆ–°Ù ˜£ št¥› 3 (2-2-5) *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4212301 ”¥t Õ Œ* Astronomy and Space 4212308 ’Ì t§ ŒÙ š§ ¯w˜•¨ –Ù 3 (3-0-6)  ˆ« Œ« •§ ”šŠ§ •¥¯ ª¸ zˆŒÖ 2 (1-2-3) Nuclear Physics 4212603 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–t˜›¥ˆ–Ù Meteorology 1 (0-2-1) ‹–†š¨ Š§ •¥ 3 (2-2-5) Mechanics Laboratory 4212607 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–’Ì t§ uÙ  zw˜Œ·ª Geology 1 (0-2-1) ‘Œ¸ª ƒ¥ŒšŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–Ù z§· °š‡˜ Ö ” 3 (3-0-6) Wave Physics Laboratory Fundamental of Environmental Science 4212608 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–’Ì t§ ŒÙ š§ ¯w˜•¨ –Ù 1 (0-2-1) Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–‘Œª¸ ƒ¥ŒšŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–Ù 1 (0-2-1) z§· °š‡˜ Ö ” Physics Nuclear Laboratory 4213309  ¯§ ˜t¶ Š– Œt§ ¯Ù  ¸ª zˆŒÖ 3 (3-0-6) Environmental Science Laboratory Introduction Electronics t¥–¯Ž˜•¨· Œ°Ž˜z“”¬  § ¥t¥›±˜t 3 (3-0-6) 4213311 °”¯Õ ž˜t¶ ³’’¥Ñ 3 (3-0-6) Global climate change Electromagnetism °w˜w˜¬ ¤ 1 3 (3-0-6) *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4212301 ”¥t Õ Œ* Calculus 1 4213501  †« ž‘˜›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (3-0-6) °w˜w˜¬ ¤ 2 3 (3-0-6) Thermodynamics 4213609 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– ¯§ ˜t¶ Š– Œt§ ¯Ù  ¸ª zˆŒÖ 1 (0-2-1) Calculus 2 *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4291401 ”¥t Õ Œ* Introduction Electronics Laboratory {˜« }š¨ šŠ§ •¥ 3 (2-2-5) 4213611 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–°”¯Õ ž˜t¶ ³’’¥Ñ 1 (0-2-1) Microbiology Electromagnetic Laboratory 2.2 š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ • ž”š¬Õ }§ ¥¯w”¨ 3 (3-0-6)6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ 4222201 ¯w” ¨ ŒŒ§ Š–•¨ Ù 1–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Inorganic Chemistry 11123601 Št¤ œ£¦ž–¤ w–š¬ Š§ •¥›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (2-2-5) *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4221101 °˜£ 4221103 ”¥t Õ Œ* 4222202 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–¯w” ¨ ŒŒ§ Š–•¨ Ù 1 Teaching Skills for Science Teachers 1 (0-3-0)1124606 t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–šÖ¬ Š§ •¥›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (2-2-5) Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory 1 Learning Management in Sciencew†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -184- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§4222301 ¯w” ¨ Œ§ Š–•¨ Ù 1 3 (3-0-6) 4233701 ¯Šw±Œ±˜•}¨ š¨ “¥‘‘Œ¸ª ƒ¥Œ 3 (2-2-5) Organic Chemistry 1 Introduction to Biotechnology 4234202 šŒ‘—tœ›¥ˆ–±Ù –z¯–•¨ Œ 1 3 (2-2-5) *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4221103 ”¥t Õ Œ*4222302 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–¯w” ¨ Œ§ Š–•¨ Ù 1 1 (0-3-0) Botanical Garden in School 1 4234203 šŒ‘—tœ›Ù ¥ˆ–±Ù –z¯–•¨ Œ 2 3 (2-2-5) Organic Chemistry Laboratory 14222303 ¯w” ¨ Œ§ Š–•¨ Ù 2 3 (2-2-5) Botanical Garden in School 2 4234207 ž˜t¤ t¥–’ŒÏß ’¬ “¥‘z§· °š‡˜ Ö ” 3 (2-2-5) Organic Chemistry 2 ‡šÖ •‘}ª *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4222301 °˜£ 4222302 ”¥t Õ Œ*4223105 ¯w”¨ “¥š£°š‡˜ Ö ” 3 (3-0-6) Principle of Phytoremediation Environmental Chemistry 4234502 ¯ŠwŒw§ Š¥z}š¨ šŠ§ •¥ 3 (0-6-3)4223203 ¯w” ¨ ŒŒ§ Š–•¨ Ù 2 3 (2-2-5) Biological technique 4234728 ¯Šw±Œ±˜•t¨ ¥–˜ˆ§ ³”‡Ö  t³”ŽÖ –£‡¤ 3 (2-2-5) Inorganic Chemistry 2 *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4222201 °˜£ 4222202 ”¥t Õ Œ* Floriculture and Ornamental Plant4223501 }š¨ ¯w”¨ 3 (3-0-6) Technology 4234730 ¯Šw±Œ±˜•}¨ š¨ “¥‘Š¥z ¥ž¥– Biochemistry 3 (2-2-5) *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4222301 ”¥t Õ Œ* Food Biotechnology4223502 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–}š¨ ¯w”¨ 4322501 t¥–²}¯Ö w– ª· z” ª °˜£¯ŠwŒw§ Š¥z 2 (1-2-3) 1 (0-3-0) {˜« }š¨ šŠ§ •¥ Biochemistry Laboratory4223601 ¯w”š¨ ¯§ w–¥£žÙ 3 (3-0-6) Instrument and Microbiological Technique Analytical Chemistry *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 4221103 ”¥t Õ Œ* • ž”š¬Õ }§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–Ù z·§ °š‡˜ Ö ”4223602 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–¯w”š¨ ¯§ w–¥£žÙ 4261602 Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥–Œ¯§ š›šŠ§ •¥z§· °š‡˜ Ö ” 1 (0-2-1) 1 (0-3-0) Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Environmental Ecology Laboratory4223752 ¯w”¨ ˜ˆ§ “†¤ „‹Ù ––”}¥ˆ§ 3 (3-0-6) 4261702 Œ¯§ š›šŠ§ •¥z§· °š‡˜ Ö ” 3 (3-0-6) Chemistry of Natural Products Environmental Ecology4224708 w†« “¥‘°˜£wš¥”Ž˜ ‡“•¤ ²Œ 3 (3-0-6) 4262703 tž”¥•°˜£Œ±•¥•z·§ °š‡˜ Ö ” 3 (3-0-6) ±–zz¥Œ ˆ« ¥žt––” Environmental Law and Policy Quality and Safety in Industrial Factory 4263401 ‘œ§ šŠ§ •¥°˜£t¥–Ž–£¯”Œ§ 3 (2-2-5) • ž”š¬Õ }§ ¥}š¨ šŠ§ •¥ wš¥”¯•¨· z‡¥Ö Œz§· °š‡˜ Ö ”4231301 ˆ¤ ššŠ§ •¥ Toxicology and Environmental 3 (2-2-5) Risk Assessment 4263502  Œ¥”•¤  ¥ž¥– °˜£wš¥”Ž˜ ‡“•¤ 3 (2-2-5) Zoology4232105 }š¨ šŠ§ •¥u z¯~˜˜Ù 3 (2-2-5) Food Hygiene and Safety Cell Biology 4264714 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥Š•¨· z·¤ •Œª 3 (3-0-6)4232106 }š¨ šŠ§ •¥¯‘ ª· t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥Š Ö z‰Œ§· 3 (2-2-5) Sustainable Development Biology for local Development 4264715 t¥–{‡¤ t¥–z·§ °š‡˜ Ö ” 3 (2-2-5)4232201 ‘—tœ›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (2-2-5) Environmental Management 4264718  ˆ« Œ« •§ ”šŠ§ •¥¦ž–¤ z·§ °š‡˜ Ö ” 3 (2-2-5) Botany4232401 ‘Œ¤ ‹›« ¥ˆ–Ù 3 (2-2-5) Environmental Meteorology Genetics 3 (2-2-5) w. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ {¦ŒšŒ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§4233103  Œt« –”š‹§ ¥Œ ²ž¯Ö ˜ ª t¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥²‡ µ ²Œž˜t¤ ˆ¬ ––£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–¨ Taxonomy 3 (2-2-5) Š·¨”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ¯ŽÌ‡ Œ ±‡•³”Õ~¸¦t¤4233213 wš¥”ž˜¥tž˜¥•Š¥z}š¨ “¥‘ –¥•š}§ ¥Š¯¨· w•¯–•¨ Œ”¥°˜šÖ °˜£ˆ Ö z³”¯Õ ŽŒÝ –¥•š}§ ¥Št¨· ¦žŒ‡²žÖ ¯–•¨ Œ±‡•³”ŒÕ ¤ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –š”²Œ¯t†„tÙ ¥–¦¯–{¶ t¥–›t© œ¥u z °˜£t¥– Œ–« t¤ œÙ ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Œ¨¸ Biodiversity and Conservationw¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -185- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

ž˜¤t¬ˆ–w–«›¥ˆ–¤†„§ˆ ¥u¥š§}¥w†§ˆ›¥ˆ–Ùž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Ž–¤ Ž–z« ‘.›. 2554}ª· ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥ : ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °zÕw†£/“¥wš}§ ¥ : w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù   t¯ŽŒÝ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” {¦ŒšŒ u Ö ”˜¬ Šš¤· ³Ž 14 žŒšÕ •tˆ§1. –ž¤°˜£}·ª ž˜¤t¬ˆ– 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ “¥œ¥³Š• : ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ ”¨ 11 –¥•š}§ ¥ ‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ ¥u¥š}§ ¥w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ : Bachelor of Education Program 1001101 t¥–›t© œ¥°˜£wš¥”¯ŽŒÝ w–³¬ Š• 3 (3-0-6) in Mathematics2. } ·ª Ž–€§ €¥°˜£¥u¥š}§ ¥ Education and Characterization for “¥œ¥³Š• } ·ª ¯ˆ”¶ : w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ Thai Teachers 2 (2-0-4) ¥u¥š}§ ¥w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 1001701 “¥œ¥³Š•¦ž–¤ w–¬ } ª· • Õ : w.. (w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–)Ù Thai Language for Teachers “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ } ·ª ¯ˆ”¶ : Bachelor of Education 1003701 t¥––ž§ ¥–{‡¤ t¥–²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (3-0-6) (Mathematics) Administration in School } ·ª • Õ : B.Ed. (Mathematics) 1122201 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5)3. ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – 3.1 ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – School Curriculum Development ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ ¥u¥š}§ ¥w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 3.1.1 {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ –š”ˆ˜ ‡ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – 1122303 ž˜t¤ t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–¬Ö 3 (2-2-5) ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 167 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 3.1.2 ±w–z–¥Ö zž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ”‡¨ z¤ Œ¨¸ Principle of Learning Management 1131701 w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ 2 (1-2-3) ¥–Œ¯Š›¦ž–¤ w–¬ Computer and Informationž”š‡š}§ ¥/t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥/š}§ ¥ {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ Technology for Teachers 1133101***Œšˆ¤ t––”°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› 3 (2-2-5)t. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš·¤ ³Ž 32 1. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥“¥œ¥°˜£t¥– ª· ¥– 9 Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 2. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥”Œœ« •›¥ˆ–Ù 7 3. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥z¤ w”›¥ˆ–Ù 6 Innovation and Educational 4. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–°Ù ˜£w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 10 129 Information Technologyu. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ 51 1143105 t¥–š‡¤ °˜£Ž–£¯”Œ§ ˜t¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ 31 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ 6 Educational Measurement and Evaluation 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t 14 1.3 š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” 78 1144411 t¥–š{§ •¤ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) 2. š}§ ¥¯ t 6 167 Educational Research 3 (3-0-6)w. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ 1151106 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥¦ž–¤ w–¬ –š”Šz¤¸ ž”‡ Psychology for Teachers 2312707 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6) English for Teacherst. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš·¤ ³Ž {¦ŒšŒ 32 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õu. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 129 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯˜ ª t{¥t–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ Ž–£t ‡šÖ •š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–³¬ ”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 49 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥¯ t³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ‡z¤ Œ¸¨ 1001702 ¯‘››t© œ¥°– ‡¥Ö Œ 2 (2-0-4) Comprehensive Sexuality Education *** Ž–¤Ž–«zž˜¤t¬ˆ–¯˜¶tŒÖ • (” .08)w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -186- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ 1133101

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§1002405 tž”¥•t¥–›t© œ¥³Š• 2 (2-0-4) 1152102 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥w« ˜t§ “¥‘°˜£t¥–Ž–¤ ˆš¤ 3 (3-0-6) Thai Education Laws Psychology of Personality and1003601 t¥–›t© œ¥°¯–•¨ Œ–š” 2 (2-0-4) Adjustment 1152301 ”Œœ« •”¤ ‘Œ¤ ‹Ù ¦ž–¤ w–¬ Inclusive Education 3 (3-0-6)1112201 t¥–›t© œ¥t¤ t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥}”« }Œ 2 (2-0-4) Human Relations for Teachers Education and Community Development 1152503 u« “¥‘{ˆ§ ²Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (3-0-6)1113504 t¥–›t© œ¥Š¥z¯˜ ª t 2 (2-0-4) Mental Health in School 1153506 t¥–zÕ ¯–”§ wš¥”w‡§ –¥Ö z––wÙ 3 (3-0-6) Alternative Education1114902 ”¤ ”Œ¥Ž€Û ž¥t¥–›t© œ¥ 2 (1-2-3) Creative Thinking Process 1154103 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–²žwÖ ¦Ž–t© œ¥w– w–š¤ 3 (3-0-6) Seminar in Educational Problems1122302 t¥– Œ~ Õ ”¯–”§ 2 (2-0-4) Family Counseling Psychology 1155101 t¥–{‡¤ t{§ t––”°Œ£°Œš²Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (3-0-6) Remedial Teaching1122501 ¯ŠwŒw§ t¥–Žtw– z}Œ¤¸ ¯–•¨ Œ 2 (2-0-4) Guidance Activity in School Classroom Management Techniques 1161101 ž˜t¤ t¥––ž§ ¥–t¥–›t© œ¥ 2 (2-0-4)1123301 Št¤ œ£°˜£¯ŠwŒw§ t¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) Principles of Educational Administration Teaching Skills and Techniques of 1191401 w¥Õ •‘t¤ °–” 2 (1-2-3) Teaching 2 (1-2-3) Camping 2 (1-2-3)1123302 ž˜t¤ t¥–Œ¯§ Š›t¥– Œ 1194401 tÖ¬ ¦t¤ ˜t¬ ¯ ª °˜£¯Œˆ–Œ¥–¨ Instructional Supervision uŒ¸¤ wš¥”–¯Ö¬  ª¸ zˆŒÖ1123303 –Ž¬ °t¥–¯–•¨ Œt¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) Scoutmaster in Basic Unit Training Instructional Models Course (B.T.C)1123701 t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–Š¬Ö ‘·¨ …¤ Œ¥Št¤ œ£ 2 (1-2-3) 1194402 ‘˜›t© œ¥°˜£ŒŒ¤ ŠŒ¥t¥–¦ž–¤ w–¬ 2 (1-2-3) t¥–w‡§ Physical Education and Recreation for Learning Management for Development Teachers Thinking Skills 1.3 š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” {¦ŒšŒ 141132502 t¥––¥Ö z ª· t¥–¯–•¨ Œt¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {¥t–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ Media Construction –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§1134101 t¥–›t© œ¥±‡•–£ ·ª Š¥z³t˜ 2 (1-2-3) Telecommunications and Distance Learning 1003803 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 1 2 (1-2-3)1142201 t¥––¥Ö z°Š‡  2 (1-2-3) Practicum 1 1004801 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 2 1 (0-2-1) Test Construction1143102 t¥–Ž–£¯”Œ§ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 2 (1-2-3) Practicum 2 1004802 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 3 1 (0-2-1) Education Evaluation1144201 t¥––¥Ö z°Š‡ š‡¤ wš¥”‰Œ‡¤ 2 (1-2-3) Practicum 3 1005801 t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 1 5 (450) Aptitude Test Construction1151101 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥Šš·¤ ³Ž 3 (3-0-6) Internship 1 1005802 t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 2 5 (450) General Psychology1151103 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥š•¤ ¯‡t¶ 3 (3-0-6) Internship 2 Child Psychology 3 (3-0-6) 2. š}§ ¥¯ t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯ŽŒÝ š}§ ¥1151104 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–Ž–t© œ¥¯ ¸ª zˆŒÖ ¯ tz¤ w¤ (¯ t¯‡•¨· š) ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 68 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥t¥– Œ š}§ ¥¯ t ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °˜£¯˜ ª tš}§ ¥¯ tž– ª š}§ ¥ Introduction to Counseling Psychology t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t¯‘§·”¯ˆ§” ³”Ռ֠•tšÕ¥ 4 žŒÕš•t§ˆ ±‡•”¨ –¥•˜£¯ •¨ ‡u z–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ Œ¨¸1151105 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥‘…¤ Œ¥t¥– 3 (3-0-6) *** Ž–¤Ž–«zž˜¤t¬ˆ–¯˜¶tŒÖ • (” .08) Developmental Psychology1004701***šŒ‘—tœ›¥ˆ–²Ù Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (2-2-5) School Botanica CardenwÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -187- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

2.1 š}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 68 –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ 4293501 Š—œt¨ –¥’¯ ¸ª zˆŒÖ 3 (3-0-6)–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Introduction to Graph Theory1144903 t¥–›t© œ¥Ž€Û ž¥w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–²Ù Œ 2 (0-4-2) 4294302 t¥––¥Ö zˆš¤ °°˜£t¥–{¦˜ z 3 (2-2-5) }Œ¤¸ ¯–•¨ Œ ‰¥Œt¥–†Ù23137164291201 Study Issue of Mathematics 4301201 Modeling and Simulation4291301 4304703 wš¥”Œ¥Õ {£¯ŽŒÝ °˜£‰ˆ§ ¯§  ª¸ zˆŒÖ 3 (3-0-6)4291401 Education in Classrooms Introduction to Probability4291708 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–w¬ †ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (3-0-6)4292301 and Statistics4292401 English for Mathematics Teachers t¥–š¯§ w–¥£žuÙ  Ö ”˜¬ °˜£t¥–w¦Œš† 3 (2-2-5)4292403 ‡šÖ •±Ž–°t–”¦¯–{¶ –Ž¬ Š¥z‰ˆ§ §4292501 ž˜t¤ t¥–w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (3-0-6) Data Analysis and Computing with42925024293201 Principles of Mathematics Statistical Packages42932024293203 ‘}¨ w†ˆ§ ¯}z§ ¯ŒÖ 3 (3-0-6)42932044293301 Linear Algebra 3 (3-0-6) 2.2 š§}¥t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t¤zw¤ ³”Ռ֠•tšÕ¥4293302 °w˜w˜¬ ¤ 1 6 žŒÕš•t§ˆ °˜£¯˜ª tš§}¥¯ tž–ª š§}¥t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t4293403 ¯‘§·”¯ˆ§” ³”Ռ֠•tšÕ¥ 6 žŒÕš•t§ˆ ±‡•”¨–¥•˜£¯ ¨•‡u z4293404 Calculus 1 –¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ Œ¨¸ ±Ž–°t–”¦¯–{¶ –Ž¬ Š¥zw†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (2-2-5) Mathematical Software Programme ‘}ª w†ˆ§ Œ¥”‹––” 3 (3-0-6) –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Abstract Algebra 3 (3-0-6) 1123217 ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –°˜£t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–Ö¬ 3 (2-2-5) °w˜w˜¬ ¤ 2 1124605 w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù Calculus 2 3 (3-0-6) Curriculum Development Mathematics ”t¥–¯}z§  Œ‘« Œ¤ ‹Ù ¥”€¤ ‘—ˆt§ ––”t¥– Œw†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (2-2-5) Ordinary Differential Equations Methods and Approaches in ¯–u¥w†ˆ§ ¯ ª¸ zˆŒÖ 3 (3-0-6) Teaching Mathematics Introduction to Geometry –¥tƒ¥Œ¯–u¥w†ˆ§ 3 (3-0-6) Foundation of Geometry 2.3 š§}¥¯ t¯˜ª tž–ª š§}¥t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t ¯˜ ª t¯‘”·§ ¯ˆ”§ ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 4 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –£{¦ŒšŒ 3 (3-0-6) Number System 3 (3-0-6) –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ w†ˆ§ ˆ––t›¥ˆ–Ù ”t¥–¯}z§  Œ‘« Œ¤ ‹•Ù  Õ • Mathematical Logic 4293401 3 (3-0-6) Š—œ¯¨ ~ˆ 4202701 3 (3-0-6) 4313201 Partial Differential Equatons 4313201 Set Theory 1133103 ‰ˆ§ ¯§ ‘ ·ª t¥–š{§ •¤ 3 (3-0-6) Š—œ{¨ ¦ŒšŒ 1223646 3 (3-0-6) Statistics for Research Methodology ž˜t¤ t¥–¯u•¨ Œ±Ž–°t–”w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –Ù Theory of Numbers ˆš¤ °Š¥zw†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (3-0-6) Principles of Programming Mathematical Model –£ƒ¥Œu Ö ”˜¬ 3 (2-2-5) w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–³Ù ”ˆÕ  Õ ¯Œ ·ª z 3 (3-0-6) Database Systems t¥–ª wŒÖ Š¥zw†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù Discrete Mathematics 3 (2-2-5) w†ˆ§ š¯§ w–¥£žÙ 3 (3-0-6) Search Information in Mathematics Mathematical Analysis 3 (3-0-6) t¥–š¯§ w–¥£ž¯Ù Œ ¸ª ž¥t˜”Õ« ¥–£ 2 (1-2-3) –£¯•¨ š‹§ ¯¨ }z§ ˆš¤ ¯˜u t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–wÖ¬ †ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù Numerical Analysis Analysis of School Mathematicsw†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -188- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§1123307  ·ª °˜£t{§ t––”¦ž–¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ 2 (1-2-3)1143202 w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù1133704 t¥––¥Ö z°Š‡ w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 2 (1-2-3) Test Constructon in Mathematics w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –}Ù šÕ • Œ¦ž–¤ 3 (2-2-5) w–w¬ †ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù Comuter Assisted Instruction in Mathematicsw. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ {¦ŒšŒ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ²žÖ¯˜ª t¯–¨•Œ–¥•š§}¥²‡ µ ²Œž˜¤t¬ˆ––£‡¤Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–¨Š·¨”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ¯ŽÌ‡ Œ ±‡•³”~Õ ¸¦t¤ –¥•š}§ ¥Š¯¨· w•¯–•¨ Œ”¥°˜šÖ °˜£ˆ Ö z³”¯Õ ŽŒÝ –¥•š}§ ¥Š¨·t¦žŒ‡²žÖ¯–¨•Œ±‡•³”ÕŒ¤žŒÕš•t§ˆ–š”²Œ¯t†„Ùt¥–¦¯–¶{t¥–›t© œ¥u zž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Œ¨¸wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -189- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

ž˜¤t¬ˆ–w–«›¥ˆ–¤†„§ˆ ¥u¥š}§ ¥“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Ž–¤ Ž–z« ‘.›. 2554}·ª ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥ : ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °zÕw†£/“¥wš}§ ¥ : w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù   t¯ŽŒÝ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” {¦ŒšŒ u Ö ”˜¬ Šš¤· ³Ž 14 žŒšÕ •tˆ§1. –ž¤°˜£}·ª ž˜¤t¬ˆ– 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ “¥œ¥³Š• : ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ ”¨ 11 –¥•š}§ ¥ ‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ ¥u¥š}§ ¥“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ : Bachelor of Education Program 1001101 t¥–›t© œ¥°˜£wš¥”¯ŽŒÝ w–³¬ Š• 3 (3-0-6) in English2. } ª· Ž–€§ €¥°˜£¥u¥š}§ ¥ Education and Characterization “¥œ¥³Š• } ª· ¯ˆ”¶ : w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ for Thai Teachers 2 (2-0-4) (“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ) 1001701 “¥œ¥³Š•¦ž–¤ w–¬ } ·ª • Õ : w.. (“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ) Thai Language for Teachers “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ } ·ª ¯ˆ”¶ : Bachelor of Education 1003701***t¥––ž§ ¥–{‡¤ t¥–²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (3-0-6) (English) Administration in School } ·ª • Õ : B.Ed. (English) 1122201 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5)3. ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – 3.1 ž˜¤t¬ˆ– School Curriculum Development ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ ¥u¥š}§ ¥“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 3.1.1 {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ –š”ˆ˜ ‡ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – 1122303 ž˜t¤ t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–¬Ö 3 (2-2-5) ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 167 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 3.1.2 ±w–z–¥Ö zž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ”‡¨ z¤ Œ¨¸ Principle of Learning Management 1131701 w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 2 (1-2-3)ž”š‡š}§ ¥/t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥/š}§ ¥ {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ Computer and Informationt. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš¤· ³Ž 32 Technology for Teachers 1. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥“¥œ¥°˜£t¥– ·ª ¥– 9 1133101 Œšˆ¤ t––”°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› 3 (2-2-5) 2. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥”Œœ« •›¥ˆ–Ù 7 3. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥z¤ w”›¥ˆ–Ù 6 Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 4. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–°Ù ˜£w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 10 129 Innovation and Educationalu. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ 51 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ 31 Information Technology 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ 6 1143105 t¥–š‡¤ °˜£Ž–£¯”Œ§ ˜t¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t 14 1.3 š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” 78 Educational Measurement and Evaluation 2. š}§ ¥¯ t 6 167 1144411 t¥–š{§ •¤ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5)w. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ –š”Šz¸¤ ž”‡ Educational Research 3 (3-0-6) 1151106 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥¦ž–¤ w–¬ Psychology for Teachers 2312707 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6)t. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš·¤ ³Ž {¦ŒšŒ 32 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ English for Teachersu. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 129 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯˜ ª t{¥t–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ Ž–£t ‡šÖ •š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–³¬ ”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥¯ t³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ‡z¤ Œ¸¨ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1001702 ¯‘››t© œ¥°– ‡¥Ö Œ 2 (2-0-4) Comprehensive Sex Educationw†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù *** Ž–¤Ž–«zž˜¤t¬ˆ–¯˜¶tŒÖ • (” .08) -190- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§1002405 tž”¥•t¥–›t© œ¥³Š• 2 (2-0-4) 1151105 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥‘…¤ Œ¥t¥– 3 (3-0-6)10036011112201 Thai Education Laws Developmental Psychology1113504 t¥–›t© œ¥°¯–•¨ Œ–š”1114902 2 (2-0-4) 1152101 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥°–z{z¬ ²{ 3 (3-0-6)11223021122501 Inclusive Education Psychology of Motivation1123201 t¥–›t© œ¥t¤ t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥}”« }Œ 2 (2-0-4) 1152102 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥w« ˜t§ “¥‘°˜£t¥–Ž–¤ ˆš¤ 3 (3-0-6)11233011123302 Education and Community Development Psychology of Personality and Adjustment11233031123305 t¥–›t© œ¥Š¥z¯˜ ª t 2 (2-0-4) 1152301 ”Œœ« •”¤ ‘Œ¤ ‹Ù ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6)1123701 Alternative Education Human Relations for Teachers ”¤ ”Œ¥Ž€Û ž¥t¥–›t© œ¥1132502 2 (1-2-3) 1152503 u« “¥‘{ˆ§ ²Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (3-0-6)11341011142201 Seminar in Educational Problems Mental Health in School11431021144201 t¥– Œ~ Õ ”¯–”§ 2 (2-0-4) 1153402 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥¯‡t¶ t˜”«Õ ‘¯§ ›œ 3 (3-0-6)11511011151103 Remedial Teaching 2 (2-0-4) Special Child Psychology1151104 ¯ŠwŒw§ t¥–Žtw– z}Œ¸¤ ¯–•¨ Œ 1153501 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–°Œ£°Œš¯‡t¶ š•¤ –Œ«Õ 3 (3-0-6) Classroom Management Techniques Adolescence Guidance Psychology t{§ t––”‘…¤ Œ¥¯¬Ö –•¨ Œ 2 (2-0-4) 1153502 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–°Œ£°Œš 3 (3-0-6) Learner Development Activities Guidance Psychology 1153506 t¥–zÕ ¯–”§ wš¥”w‡§ –¥Ö z––wÙ 3 (3-0-6) Št¤ œ£°˜£¯ŠwŒw§ t¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) Teaching Skills and Techniques of Teaching Creative Thinking Process ž˜t¤ t¥–Œ¯§ Š›t¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) 1153602 t¥–z¤ ¯tˆ‘—ˆt§ ––”¯‡t¶ 3 (3-0-6) Instructional Supervision Child's Behavior Observation 1154103 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–²žwÖ ¦Ž–t© œ¥w– w–š¤ 3 (3-0-6) –Ž¬ °t¥–¯–•¨ Œt¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) Instructional Models Family Counseling Psychology  ª· °˜£t{§ t––”¦ž–¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ 2 (1-2-3) 1155101 t¥–{‡¤ t{§ t––”°Œ£°Œš²Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (3-0-6) “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ Guidance Activity in School Media and Activities for Learning English 1161101 ž˜t¤ t¥––ž§ ¥–t¥–›t© œ¥ 2 (2-0-4) language Principles of Educational Administration t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–ŠÖ¬ ‘¨· …¤ Œ¥Št¤ œ£t¥–w‡§ 2 (1-2-3) 1191401 w¥Õ •‘t¤ °–” 2 (1-2-3) Learning Management for Development Camping 1194401 tÖ¬ ¦t¤ ˜t¬ ¯ ª °˜£¯Œˆ–Œ¥–¨ Thinking Skills 2 (1-2-3) t¥––¥Ö z ª· t¥–¯–•¨ Œt¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) uŒ¤¸ wš¥”–¯Ö¬  ª¸ zˆŒÖ Media Construction Scoutmaster in Basic Unit Training t¥–›t© œ¥±‡•–£ ª· Š¥z³t˜ 2 (1-2-3) Course (B.T.C) Telecommunications and Distance Learning 1194403 ‘˜›t© œ¥°˜£ŒŒ¤ ŠŒ¥t¥–¦ž–¤ w–¬ 2 (1-2-3) t¥––¥Ö z°Š‡  2 (1-2-3) Physical Education and Recreation for Test Construction 2 (1-2-3) Teachers t¥–Ž–£¯”Œ§ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 1.3 š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” {¦ŒšŒ 14 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {¥t–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ Education Evaluation t¥––¥Ö z°Š‡ š‡¤ wš¥”‰Œ‡¤ 2 (1-2-3) –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Aptitude Test Construction {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥Šš·¤ ³Ž 3 (3-0-6) 1003803 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 1 2 (1-2-3) 1004801 General Psychology 3 (3-0-6) 1004802 Practicum 1 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥š•¤ ¯‡t¶ t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 2 1 (0-2-1) Child Psychology 3 (3-0-6) Practicum 2 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–Ž–t© œ¥¯ ª¸ zˆŒÖ t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 3 1 (0-2-1) Introduction to Counseling Psychology Practicum 3wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -191- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§1005801 t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 1 5 (450) 2312106 t¥–¯u•¨ Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 2 3 (2-2-5) Internship 1 English Writing 21005802 t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 2 5 (450) *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 2312103 ”¥t Õ Œ* 2312304 š––†w‡¯¨  ¸ª zˆŒÖ Internship 2 3 (3-0-6) 2. š}§ ¥¯ t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Ž–£t ‡šÖ • Introduction to Literatureš§}¥¯ t¤zw¤ 68 žŒÕš•t§ˆ š§}¥t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t¤zw¤ 2312407 “”¬ ž§ ˜z¤ Š¥zz¤ w”°˜£š…¤ Œ‹––” 3 (3-0-6)³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °˜£š}§ ¥¯ t¯˜ ª tž– ª š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ t¯˜ ª t³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 4 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ±‡•”–¨ ¥•˜£¯ •¨ ‡ u zŽ–£¯Š›¯{¥Ö u z“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œu z–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ Œ¸¨ Socio-cultural Backgrounds of 2.1 š§}¥¯ t¤zw¤ {¦ŒšŒ 68 žŒÕš•t§ˆ¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ English-speaking Countries 2313110 t¥–¯u•¨ Œ¯}z§ –¯§ –”·§ –¥Ö z––wÙ 3 (2-2-5) Creative Writing 3 (2-2-5) 2313201 t¥–°Ž˜ 1–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Translation 1 3 (2-2-5) 2313218 t¥–°Ž˜ 2 t¥– Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ‡šÖ •¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ 3 (2-2-5)1123702 Translation 21125903 Instruction of English with Computers *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 2313201 ”¥t Õ Œ*2301104 ”¤ ”Œ¥t¥–¯–•¨ Œt¥– Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 3 (2-2-5) 2313502 t¥–{‡¤ ž Ö z¯–•¨ Œ¦ž–¤ w–“¬ ¥œ¥ 3 (3-0-6)23031052303109 Seminar in English Instructions Classroom Management for Language2311101 “¥œ¥›¥ˆ–°Ù ˜£€¤ šŠ§ •¥¯ ª¸ zˆŒÖ 3 (2-2-5)2311102 Teachers2311104 Introduction to Linguistics and Semiology 2313715 t¥––¥Ö z°˜£‘…¤ Œ¥¯w– ª· z” ª 3 (2-2-5)2311105 Š¤ ›¥ˆ–“Ù ¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 3 (2-2-5) °˜£°Š‡ Š¥z“¥œ¥2312101 English Phonetics Construction and Development of š¥t•”¤ ‘Œ¤ ‹ Ù z¤ t—œ2312102 3 (3-0-6) Language Testing Instruments2312103 2314412 t¥–¯–•¨ Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ‡šÖ •t¥–°‡z 3 (2-2-5)2312105 English Syntax ³š•¥t–† Ù z¤ t—œ 1 3 (2-2-5) English Learning Through Drama 2314904 w¥Õ •“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¯‘ ª· ‘…¤ Œ¥Št¤ œ£ 2 (90) English Grammar 1 t¥–’zÛ °˜£t¥–‘‡¬ 1 3 (2-2-5) Skills Development through English Camp 2.2 š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ Listening and Speaking 1 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ ³š•¥t–† Ù z¤ t—œ 2 3 (3-0-6) English Grammar 2 –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 2311101 ”¥t Õ Œ* 1123601 °Œšw‡§ °˜£š‹§ ¨  Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 3 (2-2-5) t¥–’zÛ °˜£t¥–‘‡¬ 2 3 (2-2-5) Listening and Speaking 2 Approaches and Methods of English *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 2311102 ”¥t Õ Œ* Teaching t¥–’zÛ °˜£t¥–‘‡¬ 3 1124602 t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–“¬Ö ¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¯ŽŒÝ 3 (2-2-5) 3 (2-2-5) “¥œ¥ˆ¥Õ zŽ–£¯Š› Listening and Speaking 3 *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 2311105 ”¥t Õ Œ* Methods of Teaching of English as t¥– ¥Õ Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ1 3 (2-2-5) a Foreign Language English Reading 1 3 (2-2-5) t¥–¯u•¨ Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 1 English Writing 1 3 (2-2-5) t¥– ¥Õ Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 2 English Reading 2 *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 2312103 ”¥t Õ Œ*w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -192- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 2.3 š§}¥¯ t¯˜ª tž–ª š§}¥t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t¯˜ª t t˜«Õ”š§}¥“¥œ¥ ¤zt—œ‹«–t§{{¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 4 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {¥t–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸t˜Õ«”š§}¥t¥–›©tœ¥ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 2312706 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ‹–« t{§ 1 3 (3-0-6) 23136221123708 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥žŒšÕ •t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–¬Ö ¦ž–¤ 3 (2-2-5) 2313623 Business English 1 Š¯–•¨ Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 2313624 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¯‘ ª· t¥–Š Õ z¯Š•¨· š 1 3 (3-0-6) Development of Learning Units 2313625 English for Tourism 1 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ t¥–±–z°–” 1 3 (3-0-6) for English Lessons 3 (2-2-5) English for Hotel 1 3 (3-0-6)1124919 t¥–›t© œ¥ § –£²Œt¥–{‡¤ t¥– “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ ¯˜u¥Œt« ¥– °˜£¦Œt¤ z¥Œ 1 ¯–•¨ Œ–“¬Ö ¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ Independent Studies in Learning of English for Secretary and Office English Management 1 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ t¥–ˆ˜¥‡°˜£ 3 (3-0-6)t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥Št¤ œ£Š¥z“¥œ¥ t¥–‹Œ¥w¥– 1–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ English for Marketing and Banking 12313116 t¥– ¥Õ Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 3 3 (2-2-5) English Reading 3 w. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ²ž¯Ö ˜ ª t¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥²‡ µ ²Œž˜t¤ ˆ¬ ––£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–¨ *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 2312105 ”¥t Õ Œ*2313117 t¥–¯u•¨ Œ“¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ 3 Š·¨”ž¥š§Š•¥˜¤•–¥}“¤‚Œw–š––wÙ¯ŽÌ‡ Œ ±‡•³”Õ~¦¸ t¤ 3 (2-2-5) –¥•š§}¥Š¨·¯w•¯–¨•Œ”¥°˜Öš°˜£ˆÖ z³”Õ¯ŽÝŒ–¥•š§}¥Š·¨t¦žŒ‡ ²žÖ¯–¨•Œ±‡•³”ÕŒ¤žŒÕš•t§ˆ–š”²Œ¯t†„Ùt¥–¦¯–¶{t¥–›©tœ¥ English Writing 3 u zž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Œ¸¨ *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 2312106 ”¥t Õ Œ*2314211 t¥–°Ž˜ 3 3 (2-2-5) Translation 3 *ˆ Ö z¯–•¨ Œ 2313218 ”¥t Õ Œ*t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥š––†w‡ ¨ z¤ t—œ–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§2313313 t¥–˜£w–¯ ¸ª zˆŒÖ 3 (3-0-6)23133152314309 Introduction to Drama 3 (2-2-5)2314310 š––†w‡š¨ {§ ¥–†¯Ù  ª¸ zˆŒÖ Introduction to Literary Criticism š––†w‡¨ ¦ž–¤ ¯‡t¶ 3 (3-0-6) Children's Literature š––†t––”¯Ž–•¨ ¯Š•¨ ¯ ª¸ zˆŒÖ 3 (3-0-6) Introduction to Comparative LiteraturewÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -193- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

ž˜¤t¬ˆ–w–«›¥ˆ–¤†„§ˆ ¥u¥š§}¥¤zw”›©tœ¥ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Ž–¤ Ž–z« ‘.›. 2554}·ª ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥ : ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °zÕw†£/“¥wš}§ ¥ : w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù   t¯ŽŒÝ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ ¯˜ ª t³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” u Ö ”˜¬ Šš·¤ ³Ž {¦ŒšŒ 14 žŒšÕ •tˆ§1. –ž¤°˜£}ª· ž˜¤t¬ˆ– 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ”–¨ ¥• “¥œ¥³Š• : ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ ¥u¥š}§ ¥z¤ w”›t© œ¥ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ : Bachelor of Education Program 1001101 t¥–›t© œ¥°˜£wš¥”¯ŽŒÝ w–³¬ Š• 3 (3-0-6) in Social Studies2. } ·ª Ž–€§ €¥°˜£¥u¥š}§ ¥ Education and Self Actualization for “¥œ¥³Š• } ·ª ¯ˆ”¶ : w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ (z¤ w”›t© œ¥) Thai Teachers 2 (2-0-4) } ª· • Õ : w.. (z¤ w”›t© œ¥) 1001701 “¥œ¥³Š•¦ž–¤ w–¬ “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ } ·ª ¯ˆ”¶ : Bachelor of Education Thai for Teachers 1003701 t¥––ž§ ¥–{‡¤ t¥–²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (3-0-6) (Social Studies) } ª· • Õ : B.Ed. (Social Studies) Administration in School3. ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – 1122201 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) 3.1 ž˜¤t¬ˆ– ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ ¥u¥š}§ ¥z¤ w”›t© œ¥ School Curriculum Development 3.1.1 {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ –š”ˆ˜ ‡ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 167 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1122303 ž˜t¤ t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–Ö¬ 3 (2-2-5) 3.1.2 ±w–z–¥Ö zž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ”‡¨ z¤ Œ¸¨ Principle of Learning Managementž”š‡š}§ ¥/t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥/š}§ ¥ {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1131701 w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ 2 (1-2-3) ¥–Œ¯Š›¦ž–¤ w–¬ Computer and Informationt. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš·¤ ³Ž 32 Technology for Teachers 1. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥“¥œ¥°˜£t¥– ª· ¥– 9 1133101 Œšˆ¤ t––”°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ ¥–Œ¯Š› 3 (2-2-5) 2. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥”Œœ« •›¥ˆ–Ù 7 3. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥z¤ w”›¥ˆ–Ù 6 Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 4. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–°Ù ˜£w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 10 129 Innovation and Educationalu. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ 51 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ 31 Information Technology 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ 6 1143105 t¥–š‡¤ °˜£Ž–£¯”Œ§ ˜t¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t 14 1.3 š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” 78 Educational Measurement and Evaluation 2. š}§ ¥¯ t 6 167 1144411 t¥–š{§ •¤ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5)w. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ –š”Šz¤¸ ž”‡ Educational Research 3 (3-0-6) 1151106 {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥¦ž–¤ w–¬ Psychology for Teachers 2312707 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6)t. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš·¤ ³Ž {¦ŒšŒ 32 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ English for Teachersu. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 129 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§Ž–£t ‡šÖ •š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–³¬ ”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯˜ ª t{¥t–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸š}§ ¥¯ t³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ‡z¤ Œ¸¨ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1001702 ¯‘››t© œ¥°– ‡¥Ö Œ 2 (2-0-4) Comprehensive Sex Educationw†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -194- w¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 1.3 š§}¥Ž–£t¥–†Ù“¥wŒ¥” {¦ŒšŒ 14 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {¥t–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ tž”¥•t¥–›t© œ¥³Š•1002405 2 (2-0-4) –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§10036011113504 Thai Education Laws 2 (2-0-4) 1003803 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 1 2 (1-2-3)1114902 t¥–›t© œ¥°¯–•¨ Œ–š”1122501 Practicum 11123301 Inclusive Education 2 (2-0-4) 1004801 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 2 1 (0-2-1)1123302 t¥–›t© œ¥Š¥z¯˜ ª t1123309 Practicum 2 Alternative Education 2 (1-2-3) 1004802 t¥–tÎ Ž‚§ ˆ¤ š§ }§ ¥}‘¨ –£žš¥Õ z¯–•¨ Œ 3 1 (0-2-1)1134101 ”¤ ”Œ¥Ž€Û ž¥t¥–›t© œ¥1142201 Practicum 31143102 Seminar in Educational Problems 1005801 t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 1 5 (450)1144201 ¯ŠwŒw§ t¥–Žtw– z}Œ¸¤ ¯–•¨ Œ 2 (2-0-4)1151104 Internship 11152301 Classroom Management Techniques 1005802 t¥–Ž‚§ ˆ¤ t§ ¥– Œ²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 2 5 (450)11535061155101 Št¤ œ£°˜£¯ŠwŒw§ t¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) Internship 21161101 2. š}§ ¥¯ t {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Ž–£t 1191401 Teaching Skills and Techniques of Teaching ‡šÖ •š}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤ 68 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤1194401 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °˜£š}§ ¥¯ t¯˜ ª tž– ª š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ t¯˜ ª t ž˜t¤ t¥–Œ¯§ Š›t¥– Œ 2 (1-2-3) ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 4 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ±‡•”–¨ ¥•˜£¯ •¨ ‡u z–¥•š}§ ¥‡z¤ Œ¸¨1194402 Instructional Supervision 2.1 š§}¥¯ t¤zw¤ {¦ŒšŒ 68 žŒÕš•t§ˆ  ·ª °˜£t{§ t––”¦ž–¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ 2 (1-2-3) ¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ z¤ w”›t© œ¥ Medias and Activities for Learning Social Studies –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ t¥–›t© œ¥±‡•–£ ·ª Š¥z³t˜ 2 (2-0-4) Telecommunications and Distance Learning t¥––¥Ö z°Š‡  2 (1-2-3) 2313717 “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–¬  Œz¤ w”›t© œ¥ 3 (3-0-6) 2431101 Test Construction 2431202 English for Social Studies Teachers t¥–Ž–£¯”Œ§ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 2433102 2 (1-2-3) 2433702 ž˜t¤ z¤ w”šŠ§ •¥ 3 (3-0-6) Education Evaluation 2434903 Principles of Sociology 2 (2-0-4) t¥––¥Ö z°Š‡ š‡¤ wš¥”‰Œ‡¤ 2 (1-2-3) 2441401 w– w–š¤ °˜£}”« }Œ³Š• Aptitude Test Construction 2442302 Thai Family and Community {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥t¥–Ž–t© œ¥¯ ¸ª zˆŒÖ 3 (3-0-6) 2443201 t¥–¯Ž˜•·¨ Œ°Ž˜zŠ¥zz¤ w”°˜£š…¤ Œ‹––”3 (3-0-6) 2443703 Introduction to Counseling Psychology Social and Cultural Change Ž–}¤ €¥t¥–¯” ª z ¯›–œƒ›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (3-0-6) ”Œœ« •”¤ ‘Œ¤ ‹Ù ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6) °˜£z¤ w” Human Relations for Teachers Philosophy of Politics , Economy t¥–zÕ ¯–”§ wš¥”w‡§ –¥Ö z––wÙ 3 (3-0-6) Creative Thinking Process and Social 3 (2-2-5) t¥–{‡¤ t{§ t––”°Œ£°Œš²Œ±–z¯–•¨ Œ 3 (3-0-6) ”¤ ”Œ¥z¤ w”›t© œ¥ Guidance Activity in School Seminar in Social Studies °ŒŠ°·¨ ˜£t¥–°Ž˜wš¥”ž”¥• ž˜t¤ t¥––ž§ ¥–t¥–›t© œ¥ 2 (2-0-4) {¥t°ŒŠ¨· 3 (3-0-6) Principles of Educational Administration w¥Õ •‘t¤ °–” 2 (1-2-3) Map and Map Interpretation Camping “”¬ ›§ ¥ˆ–“Ù ”¬ “§ ¥w±˜t 3 (3-0-6) t¬Ö ¦t¤ ˜t¬ ¯ ª °˜£¯Œˆ–Œ¥–¨ uŒ¸¤ wš¥”–¯¬Ö  ª¸ zˆŒÖ 2 (1-2-3) Regional Geography of the World “”¬ ›§ ¥ˆ–ŽÙ –£¯Š›³Š• 3 (3-0-6) Scoutmaster in Basic Unit Training Geography of Thailand t¥–{‡¤ t¥–Š–‘¤ •¥t–‹––”}¥ˆ§ Course (B.T.C.) °˜£z·§ °š‡˜ Ö ” 3 (3-0-6) ‘˜›t© œ¥°˜£ŒŒ¤ ŠŒ¥t¥–¦ž–¤ w–¬ 2 (1-2-3) Physical Education and Recreation Natural Resources and Environmental for Teachers Managementw¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -195- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§2451102 t¥–¯” ª zt¥–Žtw– zu z³Š• 3 (3-0-6) 1123701 t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–¯¬Ö ‘ ·ª ‘…¤ Œ¥ 2 (1-2-3) 1123703 Št¤ œ£t¥–w‡§ Thai Politics and Government2461102 wš¥”–¯¬Ö  ¸ª zˆŒÖ ¯t•¨· št¤ tž”¥• 3 (3-0-6) Learning Management for Development Principles of Jurisprudence Thinking Skills2463501 tž”¥•–ƒ¤ ‹––”Œ€¬ °˜£tž”¥• 3 (3-0-6) t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ– ¬Ö ¥¯~•¨ Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) Žtw– z Leaning Management Asean Studies Constitutional Laws and Public Laws2471201  ¥–•‹––”±˜t 3 (3-0-6) t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥z¤ w”šŠ§ •¥ World Civilization 3 (3-0-6) –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§2471207 ¯žˆt« ¥–†±Ù ˜tŽ{Û {« Œ¤ 2431102 z¤ w”šŠ§ •¥¯ ª¸ zˆŒÖ Contemporary World Affairs 2 (2-0-4)2472101 Š Ö z‰Œ·§ ›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) Introduction to Sociology Local Studies 2432102 z¤ w”°˜£š…¤ Œ‹––”³Š• 3 (3-0-6)2472102 Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ–³Ù Š• 3 (3-0-6) Thai Society and Culture Thai History 2432301 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥}”« }Œ 2 (2-0-4)2472301 ±˜t¯ ¯}•¨ 3 (3-0-6) Community Development Asian World 2433103 Ž€Û ž¥z¤ w” 3 (3-0-6)2492201 ‘Š« ‹›¥ŒÙ 3 (2-2-5) Social Problems 2433201 Ž–£}¥t–›t© œ¥ Buddhism 3 (3-0-6)2493101 ›¥Œ¥¯Ž–•¨ ¯Š•¨  3 (3-0-6) Population Education 2433309 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥°•z·¤ •Œª Comparative Religions 3 (3-0-6)3501102 ¯›–œƒ›¥ˆ–¯Ù  ª¸ zˆŒÖ 3 (3-0-6) Sustainable Development Introduction to Economics 2434401 “”¬ Ž§ €Û €¥³Š• 2 (2-0-4)3502201 ¯›–œƒt{§ Ž–£¯Š›³Š• 3 (3-0-6) Thai Wisdom Holder 2434406 t¥– Œ–« t¤ œ°Ù ˜£t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥ Economy of Thailand 3 (2-2-5)3503307 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥¯›–œƒt{§ °˜£z¤ w” 3 (3-0-6) z§· °š‡˜ Ö ”²Œ}”« }Œ Economic and Social Development Environment Conservation in 2.2 š}§ ¥t¥– Œš}§ ¥¯ tz¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸ Community Development t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥“”¬ ›§ ¥ˆ–Ù–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§1124607 š‹§ ¨  Œz¤ w”›t© œ¥ 1 3 (2-2-5) 2442402 –£¥–Œ¯Š›“”¬ ›§ ¥ˆ–¯Ù  ¸ª zˆŒÖ 3 (2-2-5) Methodology of Teaching Social 2442701 Introduction to Geographic 2443301 Studies 1 3 (2-2-5) 2443407 Information System 3 (3-0-6)1124608 š‹§ ¨  Œz¤ w”›t© œ¥ 2 2444206 “”¬ ›§ ¥ˆ–tÙ ¥•“¥‘ 2444723 Methodology of Teaching Social Physical Geography “”¬ ›§ ¥ˆ–ŠÙ  Ö z‰Œ·§ Studies 2 3 (3-0-6) 2.3 š§}¥¯ t¯˜ª tž–ª š§}¥t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t¯˜ª t{¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 4 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ {¥t–¥•š}§ ¥ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¸¨ Local Geography 3 (2-2-5)t˜Õ«”š§}¥t¥– Œš§}¥¯ t “”¬ § ¥–Œ¯Š›–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Geo-informatics 3 (3-0-6) ”˜“¥š£z·§ °š‡˜ Ö ” Environmental Pollution1123201 t{§ t––”‘…¤ Œ¥¯Ö¬ –•¨ Œ 2 (2-0-4) “”¬ ›§ ¥ˆ–¯Ù ›–œƒt{§ 3 (3-0-6) Learner Development Activities Economic Geographyw†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -196- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥

t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥–ƒ¤ ›¥ˆ–Ù t˜«Õ”š§}¥Ž–¤}€¥°˜£›¥Œ¥–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ª· š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§2451101 wš¥”–¯¬Ö  ¸ª zˆŒÖ ¯t•¨· št¤ –ƒ¤ ›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (3-0-6) 2482401 {–•§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 3 (3-0-6) Introduction to Political Science Ethics 2483101 ‘Š« ‹Ž–}¤ €¥2452101 t¥–Žtw– zŠ Ö z‰Œ·§ ³Š• 3 (3-0-6) 2 (2-0-4) Thai Local Government Buddhist Philosophy 3 (3-0-6)t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥Œˆ§ ›§ ¥ˆ–Ù 2491102 Ž–}¤ €¥°˜£›¥Œ¥–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Philosophy and Religion 2 (2-0-4) 2491210 {–•§ ‹––”t¤ }š¨ ˆ§2461505 tž”¥•Žtw– z 3 (3-0-6) Ethics and Life 2491211 ‘Š« ‹{–•§ ‹––”¯‘ ·ª }š¨ ˆ§ °˜£z¤ w” 3 (3-0-6) Administrative Laws2462503 tž”¥•“¥w ¥€¥ 1 : “¥wŠš·¤ ³Ž 3 (3-0-6) Buddhist Ethics for Life and Society Criminal Law 1 : General Principles 2494402 ›¥Œ¥w–§ ˆÙ 2 (2-0-4)2462504 tž”¥•“¥w ¥€¥ 2 : “¥wwš¥”‡§ 3 (3-0-6) Christianity Criminal Law 2 : Offences 2494501 ›¥Œ¥ § ˜¥” 2 (2-0-4)2463313 tž”¥•w– w–š¤ 3 (3-0-6) Islam t˜Õ«”š§}¥¯›–œƒ›¥ˆ–Ù Family Lawst˜«Õ”š§}¥Ž–£š¤ˆ§›¥ˆ–Ù –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§–ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 3501103 ž˜t¤ °˜£š‹§ t¨ ¥–žt–†Ù 3 (3-0-6)2472101 Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ–³Ù Š•”•¤ –ƒ¤ }¥ˆ§ 3 (3-0-6) Cooperative Principle and Practice ‰z© Ž{Û {« Œ¤ 3502104 ¯›–œƒ›¥ˆ––Ù £žš¥Õ zŽ–£¯Š› 3 (3-0-6)24721032472104 Thai History from the Nation State to International Economics2472105 3503202 ±w–z–¥Ö zŠ¥z¯›–œƒt{§ u z2472106 the Present 3 (2-2-5)2472302 Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ–Ù ±« uŠ•¤ Ž–£¯Š›³Š•2472401 3 (3-0-6)2473101 History of Sukhothai Economics of Construction Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ– Ù •‹« •¥2473203 3 (3-0-6)2473301 History of Ayutthaya w. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ {¦ŒšŒ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ–‹Ù Œ–« °¨ ˜£–ˆ¤ Œ±tŒ§ Š–Ù 3 (3-0-6) ²ž¯Ö ˜ ª t¯–•¨ Œ–¥•š}§ ¥²‡ µ ²Œž˜t¤ ˆ¬ ––£‡¤ Ž–€§ €¥ˆ–¨ History of Thonburi and Rattanakosin Š”¨· ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––w¯Ù Ž‡Ì  Œ ±‡•³”~Õ ¸¦t¤ –¥•š}§ ¥ Š¯¨· w•¯–•¨ Œ”¥°˜šÖ °˜£ˆ Ö z³”¯Õ ŽŒÝ –¥•š}§ ¥Št¨· ¦žŒ‡²ž¯Ö –•¨ Œ±‡• Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ–ŠÙ  Ö z‰Œ·§ 3 (3-0-6) ³”ŒÕ ¤ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ –š”²Œ¯t†„tÙ ¥–¦¯–{¶ t¥–›t© œ¥u zž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Œ¨¸ Local History 3 (3-0-6) Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ–¯Ù  ¯}•¨ ²ˆÖ History of South Asia 3 (3-0-6) Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ–•Ù ±« –Žw–§ ˆÙ ›ˆš––œŠ¨· 16-18 European History from the 16th to the 18th Centuries Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ–wÙ š¥””¤ ‘Œ¤ ‹–Ù £žš¥Õ z 3(3-0-6) ³Š•t¤ ˆ¥Õ zŽ–£¯Š› History of Thai Foreign Affairs Š§ ‹”§ Œœ« •}Œ²Œz¤ w”±˜t 3 (3-0-6) Human Rights in World Society Ž–£šˆ¤ ›§ ¥ˆ–¯Ù  ¯}•¨ ˆ£šŒ¤   t 3 (3-0-6) History of East Asiaw¬Õ”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥ -197- w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù

ž˜¤t¬ˆ–w–«›¥ˆ–¤†„§ˆ ¥u¥š§}¥w ”‘§š¯ˆ –Ù›©tœ¥ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –Ž–¤ Ž–z« ‘.›. 2554}·ª ‰¥¤Œ «‡”›©tœ¥ : ”ž¥šŠ§ •¥˜•¤ –¥}“‚¤ Œw–š––wÙ t. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš¤· ³Ž {¦ŒšŒ 32 žŒšÕ •tˆ§w†£/“¥wš}§ ¥ : w†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù u. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 129 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ u Ö ”˜¬ Šš·¤ ³Ž Ž–£t ‡šÖ •š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–³¬ ”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§1. –ž¤°˜£}ª· ž˜¤t¬ˆ– š}§ ¥¯ t³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 78 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ ‡z¤ Œ¨¸ 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ {¦ŒšŒ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 51 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ °zÕ “¥œ¥³Š• : w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§   t¯ŽŒÝ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t ¥u¥š}§ ¥w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –›Ù t© œ¥ ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 6 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” {¦ŒšŒ 14 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ : Bachelor of Education Program 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ {¦ŒšŒ 31 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ in Computer Education ”¨ 11 –¥•š}§ ¥ ‡z¤ ˆ Õ ³ŽŒ¨¸2. } ª· Ž–€§ €¥°˜£¥u¥š}§ ¥ –ž¤ š}§ ¥ } ·ª š}§ ¥ žŒšÕ •tˆ§ “¥œ¥³Š• } ª· ¯ˆ”¶ : w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ (w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –›Ù t© œ¥) 1001101 t¥–›t© œ¥°˜£wš¥”¯ŽŒÝ w–³¬ Š• 3 (3-0-6) } ª· • Õ : w.. (w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –›Ù t© œ¥) 1001701 Education and Self Actualization for “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ } ª· ¯ˆ”¶ : Bachelor of Education 1003701 1122201 Thai Teachers 2 (2-0-4) (Computer Education) 1122303 “¥œ¥³Š•¦ž–¤ w–¬ } ·ª • Õ : B.Ed. (Computer 1131701 Thai for Teachers Education) 1133101 t¥––ž§ ¥–{‡¤ t¥–²Œ‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (3-0-6)3. ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – 1143105 Administration in School 3.1 ž˜¤t¬ˆ– 1144411 t¥–‘…¤ Œ¥ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –‰¥Œ›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ –w–›« ¥ˆ–†¤ „ˆ§ ¥u¥š}§ ¥w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –Ù 1151106 2312707 School Curriculum Development›t© œ¥ 3.1.1 {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ –š”ˆ˜ ‡ž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ž˜t¤ t¥–{‡¤ t¥–¯–•¨ Œ–¬Ö 3 (2-2-5) ³”ŒÕ  Ö •tš¥Õ 167 žŒšÕ •tˆ§ 3.1.2 ±w–z–¥Ö zž˜t¤ ˆ¬ – ”‡¨ z¤ Œ¸¨ Principle of Learning Management w ”‘š§ ¯ˆ –°Ù ˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ 2 (1-2-3)ž”š‡š}§ ¥/t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥/š}§ ¥ {¦ŒšŒžŒšÕ •tˆ§ ¥–Œ¯Š›¦ž–¤ w–¬t. ž”š‡š}§ ¥›t© œ¥Šš·¤ ³Ž 32 Computer and Information 1. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥“¥œ¥°˜£t¥– ·ª ¥– 9 2. t˜”«Õ š}§ ¥”Œœ« •›¥ˆ–Ù 7 Technology for Teachers 3. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥z¤ w”›¥ˆ–Ù 6 4. t˜”Õ« š}§ ¥šŠ§ •¥›¥ˆ–°Ù ˜£w†ˆ§ ›¥ˆ–Ù 10 Œšˆ¤ t––”°˜£¯Šw±Œ±˜•¨ 3 (2-2-5) 129u. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯|‘¥£‡¥Ö Œ 51 ¥–Œ¯Š›Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 1. š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ 31 1.1 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¬ z¤ w¤ 6 Innovation and Educational 1.2 š}§ ¥}‘¨ w–¯¬ ˜ ª t 14 1.3 š}§ ¥Ž–£t¥–†“Ù ¥wŒ¥” 78 Information Technology 2. š}§ ¥¯ t 6 t¥–š‡¤ °˜£Ž–£¯”Œ§ ˜t¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) 167w. ž”š‡š}§ ¥¯˜ ª t¯–¨ Educational Measurement and Evaluation –š”Šz¸¤ ž”‡ t¥–š{§ •¤ Š¥zt¥–›t© œ¥ 3 (2-2-5) Educational Research 3 (3-0-6) {ˆ§ šŠ§ •¥¦ž–¤ w–¬ Psychology for Teachers “¥œ¥ z¤ t—œ¦ž–¤ w–¬ 3 (3-0-6) English for Teachersw†£w–›« ¥ˆ–Ù -198- wÕ¬”ª Œ¤t›©tœ¥