History of Petrol stations in state of Kuwait

HH Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah Amir of State of Kuwait



HH Sheikh Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah Crown Prince of State of Kuwait



HH Sheikh Nasser Al-Mohammed Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah Prime Minister of State of Kuwait



HE Sheikh Ahmad Al-Abdullah Al-Sabah Oil and Information Minister



AGó````gGE Dedication

Petroleum Media & Public Relations Department at Oil ÍbN Ê√ W? U?F? « U? ö?F? «Ë w? Ëd? ? ? « Âö?? ù« …—«œ≈ d? ? Ministry would like pleasantly to dedicate diligent efforts put Ê«uM qL —uB »U —«b??≈ w? q L L « bN « «c? forth to issue this photographed book dubbed “History of aOA « w UF v ≈ ©X uJ « W? Ëœ w œu u « UD a —U ® Petrol Stations in State of Kuwait” to HE Oil and Information ¨ Âö ù« d “ËË jHM « d “Ë ÕU B « bL _« tK «b F « bL √ Minister Sheikh Ahmad Al-Abdullah Al-Sabah, the acting undersecretary of Oil Ministry, Mr. Saad Al-Wasmi and Æ W U u U jHM « …—«“Ë qO Ë wL u « bF bO «Ë following dignitaries: • Assistant undersecretary for Information Technologies s q v ≈Ë Affairs U uKFL « rE Êu A b U L « …—«“u « qO Ë • • Assistant undersecretary for Technical Affairs • Assistant undersecretary for Administrative and Financial WOMH « Êu AK b U L « …—«“u « qO Ë • Affairs WO UL «Ë W —«œù« Êu AK b U L « …—«“u « qO Ë • • Assistant undersecretary for Economic Affairs W œUB ô« Êu AK b U L « …—«“u « qO Ë •

ô`````μ°T Tr i b u t e

Petroleum Media Department would like to thank and dJA U W UF « U öF «Ë w Ëd « Âö ù« …—«œ≈ ÂbI appreciate each person has taken part in issuing this h Ë »U J « «c —«b≈ w r U s qJ d bI «Ë book and it thanks in particular: s q dJA U • Kuwait Oil Company • Kuwait National Petroleum Company X uJ « jH W d • • Oula Fuel Marketing Company WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d • • Soor Fuel Marketing Company • Mr. Mohammed Jassem Abdulsalam v Ë_« W d • • Mr. Mohammed Al-Henaidi, Al-Henaidi Company —u « W d • WOB A « t HB ≠Âö « b r U bL bO « • ÍbOMN « W d s ≠ ÍbOMN « bL bO « •

ÜÉàμdG ≈∏Y ±öûŸG πª©dG ≥jôa Team in charge of supervising the book

Eng. Adel Abdulaziz Al-Jassem r U « e eF «b ‰œU ”bMNL « Assistant Undersecretary for Surveillance Affairs & Petroleum w Ëd « Âö ù«Ë W U d « Êu A b U L « qO u « Media Íb U « w C —u √ Anwar Modhi Al-Khaldi Acting Manager of Petroleum Media & Public Relations W U u U W UF « U öF «Ë w Ëd « Âö ù« …—«œ≈ d b Department w UA « bN U — Rasha Fahd Al-Shaiji W UF « U öF «Ë w Ëd « Âö ù« …—«œ≈ Petroleum Media & Public Relations Department ÍdODL « rON Á—U Sarah Jeheem Al-Mutairi Petroleum Media & Public Relations Department W UF « U öF «Ë w Ëd « Âö ù« …—«œ≈

äÉjƒàëŸG Contents

Preface 18 W bI Historical synopsis 23 WO —U W L Petrol stations: Beginnings 61 U «b « ∫œu u « UD 127 ‚öD ù« • • Launch 221 dOOG « • • Change 261 —uD « • • Development

18 áeó≤e U* «dE r UF « w oO u « qzU Ë r √ b √ WO «d u uH « —uB « X U U* …—bI « pK 9Ë ¨Àb(« WOF «Ë qIM …—uB « Ê√ w h K WOL √ s t l L œ«dÔ w « À«b _« ‚UO vK bO Q «Ë ¨s e « s œuIF …d «c « w tEH vK …—«œ≈ X √œ bI ¨w «bO*« qLF « s U dO F v ≈ W U{≈ ¨b UA*« s c oKF Ê√ WH —_«Ë oO u « WOL Q UN U1≈ oKDM s jHM « …—«“Ë w w Ëd « Âö ù« X uJ « W Ëœ w dO)« …dO 0 oKF U q oO u vK ¨3_«Ë »uFA « …UO w —uD « WK d v ≈ ôuË tI u Ë t U ≈ q «d0 «Ë—d Ë jHM « —uN s W «b ÆW U WO uJ « WODHM « PAM*« U bNA Íc « œu u « UD a —U o u Íc? « b b'« —«b?ù« ÊU oKDM*« «c s Ë a —U w WLN*« q «d*« s b bF « —uB U o u Íc « »U J « ¨X uJ « W Ëœ w q «d vK U «b « w X d √ w « …œËb?;« X uJ « jH W d s q UD UN bN w « —uD « q «d r ¨t UI A Ë jHM « ëd «Ë ·UAJ « w Ë ¨UNOK ·«d ù« WO u WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d v u bF œu u « WOIDM W O M X uJ « W? Ëœ w œu u « UD UNO dA « w « WK d*« WK d oO u s öC ¨ÍœUB ô«Ë w UL ô«Ë w «dLF « —uD K …d U Ë WB B)« WK d w Ë ¨WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d a —U w «b WLN bF r œu u « UD Ê√ s U öD « WO uJ « ‰Ëd « W R UN bL « w «

19 Preface As photographs are one of the most significant means of documentation all over the world since they are capable of conveying realistically the incident and keeping it in memory for several decades; in addition, they root in the spectator's mind all incidents taking place and epitomize the field work; Petroleum Media Department at Oil Ministry; according to its belief in the importance of documentation and archiving in nations' life, has opted to document the ostensible development journey of State of Kuwait since oil was discovered up to development phases achieved in Kuwait's oil installations. Consequently, the department has worked on issuing this new edition to document the history of petrol stations in State of Kuwait. This book documents with pictures several significant phases of the history of Kuwait Oil Company Ltd. which was earlier in charge of supervising the phases of exploring and extracting oil as well as its derivatives. The book also spotlights the ostensible development phases accomplished in petrol stations after Kuwait National Petroleum Company (KNPC) has undertaken the responsibility of supervising them. During that phase, petrol stations have been copiously launched in Kuwait as a logical and direct result of the constructional, social and economic development the country has witnessed. The book further documents a very focal phase in KNPC's history; it is privatization which the latter has approved believing that petrol stations are not only stations tasked to provide services for vehicles such fuelling and changing their oil, but it –

20 áeó≤e U/≈Ë ¨ u e « dOOG Ë√ œu u U «—UO « W F W b ÂbI UD œd ¨W dBF « r UF « Êb s dO w WO UL'« w «uM « Èb ≈ q 9 X √ WIKF *« rO UH*« w ΫdO ΫdOG Àb √ Íc « WB B)« —«d ÊU UM s Ë Æ X uJ « w œu u « UD 0 ‰ËUM ‰uB …b v ≈ »U J « rO I …—Ëd{ Âö ù« …—«œ≈ Q —« UM s Ë «¡b ¨X uJ « W Ëb œu u « UD a —U w WLN WOM “ …d qB q ¨WOz«b qzU u 5JKN *« v ≈ tKI Ë Ã—U)« s œu u « œ«dO « q «d s X uJ « jH W d ·«d ≈ q w œu u « UD t bN Íc « —uD « r qL Íc «Ë w U « qBH « U √ ¨‰Ë_« qBH « tMLC U «c Ë UNOK …œËb;« W d WOF UN UI « bF œu u « UD; tBOB - bI ‚öD ù« Ê«uM UD; WO u WKI W U 0 bF w « WK d*« w Ë WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « WK d oO u l «d «Ë Y U « qBH « s q hOB -Ë ¨X uJ « w œu u « —u « W d r ¨œu? u? « o u v? Ë_« W dA U √b? w « WB B)« Æ œu u « o u

21 Preface KNPC – perceives that petrol stations epitomize one of the aesthetical aspects in most of the modern countries all over the world. Thus, it has approved privatization which has observably changed concepts related to petrol stations in Kuwait. Accordingly, Petroleum Media Department has decided to divide this book into chapters; each of them underlines an essential era in the history of petrol stations in State of Kuwait starting from the phase of importing fuel and transporting it to consumers through primordial means up to the tangible development accomplished under the supervision of Kuwait Oil Company Ltd.; however, this is spotlighted copiously in the first chapter. Meanwhile, the second chapter dubbed \"Launch\" has been allotted to underscore petrol stations after they have become affiliated to KNPC. This phase is of great magnitude in the history of Kuwait's petrol stations. Furthermore, the third and fourth chapters have been allotted to document privatization phase which has been initiated with Oula Fuel Marketing Company and then Soor Fuel Marketing Company.



á«îjQÉJ áëŸ Historical synopsis

24 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ lI « s b bF « —UA «Ë ÊuJ bOF b √ cM X uJ « ¡«d  bN ÊuO uJ « ÊU? Ë ¨sA)« —UI « UN FO w q U9 X U w « ¡«œu? ? « ‰UI ô« WKO Ë © dOF « ® ‰UL'« »d' ÃöF —UI « «c Êu b 5O UD d « WON lI « Ác —U √ bI Ë ¨w dF « ZOK)« WIDM w v Ë_« ` ‰Ë√ ¡«d ≈ v ≈ rNF œ U2 ¨WIDM*« w jHM « s Êu «u U s c « ¡«d  w jHM « œu u Áb R dO ZzU s dH √ Â1913 ÂU w u uO VOIM « ôËU dL « …b R*« dO ZzU M « s r d « vK Ë ¨X uJ « «b b%Ë X uJ « »uM «—Ëd Ë Ád WIDM s «¡b X uJ « ¡«d  w ö ¨Â1938 ÂU d «d w dO)« lO UM tM d H Íc « ÊU d qI ÆY b(« X uJ « W Ëœ a —U w …b b W «b p c qI(« d uD UOKL √b ÊU d qI w jHM « ·UA « bF Ë …dO qD WO U « WO*UF « »d(« Ÿôb « sJ Ë ¨Í—U « ÃU û tKO Q Ë œö « dO √ …—«œ≈ bN Íc « ÂUF « u Ë ¨Â1946 ÂU v WO uJ « WCNM « d bB p c ÎUM b WOC WK F ÕU B « d U'« bL √ aOA « q «d « WO UD d « WK UM « 7 v ≈ »u √ d w uJ « ÂU)« jHM « s WM ‰Ë√ …—UC(« rK wI d X uJ « W ËœË a —U « p – cM Ë ¨“dOOK “uO g d ” Æ W U ôU *« w ¨X uJ « w jHM « W UM ÁbNA √b Íc « ÿu K*« —uD « l Ë 5K UF « 5O uJ « s rNz«dE Ë 5O UD d « ‰ULF « W U UOK dN «—UO « q W b Ë WF d qI qzU u jHM « ÃU ≈Ë ·UAJ « w X uJ « X U w « W1bI « W bOKI « qzU u « s ¡UMG ô«Ë «dzUD «Ë dE W U(« Ác X H Ë ¨dOL(«Ë dOF « q UOK «œUL « UNOK bL F

25 Historical synopsis Long time ago, black patches looking like to rough asphalt, which was used earlier by Kuwaitis to cure camels infected with mange, the first primitive transport in the Arabian Gulf Zone, came into sight in the Kuwaiti desert. However, these patches spurred Britons, who were looking for oil in the region, to conduct the first geological survey in 1913. Although the results of that survey did not ensure that there is oil in Kuwait’s desert, the attempts of drilling were not suspended. These attempts were initiated from Bahra zone along south Kuwait particularly in Burgan Field from which oil was firstly extracted in 1983 when a new start of the modern history of State of Kuwait was registered. After extracting oil from Burgan Field, it was necessary to launch operations of developing and rehabilitating that field for commercial production; yet World War II, which was waged within that era, suspended these operations until 1946. However, in that year, the first cargo of Kuwaiti crude oil was exported through “British Fusilier” tanker when Late Sheikh Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah revolved a silver wheel fixed on board the tanker; since then Kuwait began to develop all fields. When the Kuwaiti oil industry began to develop ostensibly at that time, the need became stringent for the British and Kuwaiti laborers who are working in exploration and production fields to provide rapid and modern transport such vehicles, aircrafts as Kuwait was basically depending on camels and donkeys. That pressing need provoked officials to provide these modern transport means with petrol which was imported through small vessels.

26 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ W b(« qIM « qzU Ë b Ëe qO œU ≈ …—Ëd{ v ≈ W Ëb « w 5 u *« tOK oK √ Íc « s eM U vL U Ë√ œu u U X uJ « UNO ≈ ÃU % w « sH WD «u ×U)« s Áœ«dO « r ÊU Íc «Ë ¨““U aË” ÊuO uJ « UNOK oK √ …dOG U ËU w Q F ©s eM «® œu u « ÊU Ë ¨…dOG qI o d s Ë√ ¨ U u U 5 Ë√ 4 UNM …b «u « WF ÈbF ô åtJM ò r « dOL(« Ë√ ‰uO)« U d& WO A U d vK qL%Ô X U w « qO «d « q WO A)« U dF « X ö «b Ë— «b Ë—Ë ¨5 «d « vK UNF “u r O Æ l «u*« vK œu u « l “u ÂuI …dOG qI «—UO UNK ÂUI s eM « vK w UM *« VKDK dLF « WKzU œ«d? √ b √ t « bI Ë ÎU Ëb qLF …dOG WD X U Ë ¨X uJ « w œu uK WD ‰Ë√ ¡UA S q UNO qL Ë ¨≠å“UI «ò 5 ËdOJ «Ë s eM « U ËU ≠ åpM «ò o d s dLF « ¡UM √ ÊU Ë ¨å“UI « dLF U ò c Ë «u I Ë dLF « e eF «b Ë b U s Ë√ “U L*« s eM U vL U c Ë ·dF r –≈ ÍœUF « s eM « ÊuFO bF dN q dLF « WKzU vK œu u « lO n u r Ë ÆwuB)« s eM « w œu u « UD dN Ê√ v ≈ œu u « lO w dL «Ë å“U s ò p – w U *« V U s W U U XL « w « UD;« w Ë ¨ UOMOF —_« d «Ë√ Æœu u « W F U C Ë ¨5 ËdOJ «Ë s eM « s œu u « U M œ«dO « w X uJ « dL «Ë ©1® r? — dODI « …b? Ë ¡UM …œËb?;« X uJ « jH W d X U v d «u K “ö « œu u « X e vK;« ‚u « b Ëe WF{«u WO UJ ≈Ë Á—bI w Ë ¨WO*UF « ‚«u ú w uJ « ÂU?)« jHM « qIM v Q w « ö UM «Ë vK U?0—Ë X uJ « w w UB*« r? √ b? _ …«uM d « w « …b? u? «

27 Historical synopsis Additionally, petrol was fuelled in small containers whose capacity is four or five gallons or very few barrels for each. These containers were loaded on wooden carriages pulled by horses and donkeys to be distributed on interested customers. But, these carriages were later on replaced with small half-lorries which undertook the responsibility of distributing fuel. It is worth mentioning that one of Al-Omar’s family members regarded this growing demand on petrol; therefore, he took a decision to establish a petrol station, which was the first station established in Kuwait. It was a small station run manually through petrol and kerosene provided by tankers. Two of Al- Omar’s named Khalid and Abdulaziz Al-Omar nicknamed at that time “Al- Omar Qaz” – Al-Omar patrol – worked and sold normal petrol at that station since “Premium and Super” were not yet recognized. It is noteworthy that another family invaded this field named “Hassan Qaz”. Thus, fuel was being sold through this primordial manner until petrol stations equipped with simple apparatuses were launched in late 1940s. However, Kuwait had to import petrol and kerosene until Kuwait Oil Company Ltd. built a distillation unit no.1; yet its capacity was humble comparing to the local market’s need from fuel required for running steams and tankers which transport the Kuwaiti crude oil to the international markets. Undoubtedly, this unit epitomized the first atom for the most important refinery in Kuwait and maybe on the territorial level; it is Mina Al-Ahmadi Refinery. At the same time, Kuwait Oil Company Ltd. established a special unit to manage the local products such as petrol and kerosene. This unit has further undertaken

28 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ X b « t H X u « w Ë ÆÍbL _« ¡UMO …UHB w Ë wLOK ù« Èu *« s eM U WOK;« U M*« …—«œù WU …b Ë …œËb;« X uJ « jH W d v ≈ W dA « XF WO UM *« wK;« o u « UOKL WF U *Ë 5 ËdOJ «Ë «—UO U UO « WO K W UM « ÍbL _« WM b w œu uK WD ¡UM W UM d uD Ë Y b% UOKL w Âb w « W b(« ôü«Ë qIM « WM b WD w X uJ « w œu uK WD ‰Ë√ X UJ ¨X uJ « w jHM « Æœu uK U C 6 XL{Ë ¨2Â6940 W U vK X A √ w « ÍbL _« UD X U œu u « UD Ê√ b$ öÎ OK ¡«—u « v ≈ Ÿu d « bM Ë …b V «u s p –Ë ¨Êü« œu u « UD tOK U0 W —UI «b WDO «b u o d s qLF X U w « œu u U «—UO « b Ëe U C UNM 5 œ«bF …œËe? U C*« pK X U Ë ¨‰e b « WD «u qLF WOzU dN W ö «Ë s _« «¡«d ≈ U √ ¨ «d K « œb Í√ ¨jI W U *« œu u « UOL Íu % WD q X U –≈ ¨ UD;« W U Ë V UM «b WDO X UJ ÆWOz«b «Ë W ËbO « © o d(« U UH ® ¡UH ù« …eN √ s œb vK ¨jHM « W UM —uD W O X uJ « t bN Íc « wFO D « —uD « l Ë œu u U œËe? ? « UD X «Ë ¨ «—U?O? ? « œ«b? √ w œdD*« œU?? œ“ô«Ë W b *« U C*« WO u w ¡«u W U V «u'« s WO*UF « UD;« WO u Ë√ ¨W O «Ë W ö «Ë W B U WIKF *« WOM _« «¡«d? ù« Ë√ ¨UNO Æ UD;« pK w W bI*« U b)«

29 Historical synopsis the responsibility of following up in-progress local marketing operations. The company, moreover, sought to establish a petrol station in Ahmadi City to meet the needs of vehicles and modern machines which were then used to update and develop oil industry in Kuwait. That Ahmadi station was the first station established in Kuwait on an area of 6940 sq/m; in addition, it included six fuel pumps. Actually, petrol stations were not very sophisticated in the past comparing to their current counterparts in terms of several aspects such as pumps of fuelling vehicles as these pumps were previously run by generators which need in return diesel to be operated. Moreover, these pumps were provided with a meter specifies the number of sold out liters. Another important aspect distinguishes the current stations is security and safety measurements which were epitomized only in the old stations by a number of manual and primitive extinguishers. Coinciding with the natural development took place in oil industry in Kuwait and the incessant increase in cars’ numbers in the country, it was necessary for petrol stations to cope with their international counterparts which are equipped with pumps used to fuel vehicles; besides precautionary measurements related to health, safety and environment activated in these stations as well as other advanced services available too.

30 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ qOUH « a —U « X? U? w?? ?? « œu??? u??? « U??D?? ?? X uJ « jH W d ·«d?? ≈ X?% ÍbL _U ÂUF « s _« …—«œ≈ s »dI U s eM WD 20/7/1953 W F K a uA « WD 2/11/1953 …œËb;« W F K X uJ « WD 16/7/1955 30/4/1957 åX uJ «ò ‰öN « ‰Ëd WD 17/7/1957 åX uJ «ò å7ò r — ‰Ëd WD 5/12/1957 qO U H U å8ò r — ‰Ëd WD 24/6/1958 10/2/1960 jH l “u Ë W F WD 13/6/1960 W F UD 13/6/1960 20/6/1960 åa uA «ò å2ò r — W F « UFO WD 7/12/1960 W F « UFO * ÍbL _« ‚d WD 18/6/1969 ÍbL _« ‚dA å12ò r — ”√ Æ·≈ Æ”≈ 17/8/1960 17/8/1960 WO*U « ‰Ëd WD W —uBM*« ‰Ëd W C å12òË å1ò r — W F WD å13òË å1ò r — W F WD

31 Historical synopsis Petrol stations which were under DATE DETAILS the supervision of Kuwait Oil 20/7/1953 Petrol Point near Public Security Ahmadi Company Ltd. 2/11/1953 16/7/1955 No. 4 Filling Station Shuwaikh 30/4/1957 No. 5 Filling Station Kuwait 17/7/1957 Petrol Station «Hilal» Kuwait 5/12/1957 Petrol Station no. 7 - Kuwait 24/6/1958 Petrol Station no. 8 - Fahaheel 10/2/1960 13/6/1960 Filling Station , Oil Distribution 13/6/1960 Filling Stations 20/6/1960 7/12/1960 Sales Filling Station No. 2 - Shuwaikh 18/6/1969 East Ahmadi Sales Filling Station 17/8/1960 S.F.S. No. 12, East Ahmadi 17/8/1960 Petrol Station in Salmiyah Mansouriya Petrol Pump Filling Station No. 1 & 12 Filling Station No. 1 & 13

32 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d WO u WL U W dA Â1960 d u √ w WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d X Q U M*« o u Ë d dJ WLN v u ¨ÎUF ’U)« ŸUDI «Ë W uJ(« UNJK 9 U ƒUM - w « ÍbL _« ¡UMO …UHB s q d uD vK XKLF WO Ëd « 25.000 “ËU ô d dJ K WO UFO « W U l WDO …UHBL Â1949 ÂU ¨‰e b «Ë 5 ËdOJ « ¨s eM « s t U UO U wK;« ‚u « eON UO u qO d aOA « t —uHG*« rJ ‰ö Â1958 ÂU U ƒUM - w « tK «b ¡UMO …UHB Ë ÆÕU B « r U « tK «b …b? «Ë …b? Ë vK Íu % WDO …UHB œd ¨X u « p? – w X U Ë «dE Ë ÆÎUO u ØqO d 30.000 w «u —bI WO UFO « W UD ÂU)« jHM « d dJ WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d bL WO Ëd « UI A*« vK VKD « w UM -Ë ¨Â1966 ÂU p –Ë W OFA « …UHB r « UNOK oK √ W U …UHB ¡UM v ≈ W d ÂuI …UHB ‰Ë√ W OFA « …UHB bF Ë ¨Â1968 q d ≈ w ÎUOL — UNKOGA ÆUNzUM WOM Ë √b Àö « w UB*« eON& s WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d ¡UN « bF Ë √b –≈ ¨UNK √ s W dA « X √ w « …b b'« ‚öD ô« WK d* œ«bF ô« X uJ « jH W d s W dA « UN LK w « œu u « UD; d uD « WK d bOOA «Ë ¡UM « WK d √b r ¨œu Ë WD 12 v ≈ U œb qË w «Ë …œËb;« X uJ « UN bN w « Ê«dLF «Ë WCNM « W d Ë WO UJ « …œU e « X U w « WO O «d ≈Ë W? ƒ— o Ë W dA « XKLF ¨w{U*« ÊdI « s UOMO « W «b œu? uK …b? «e *« U? UO ô« W?N «u Ë l? “u « c? UM …œU “ vK r UF*« W {«Ë U?D? ¡UM wK;« o u « Ÿ«—– ‰ö s W dA « X U Ë ¨wK;« ‚u? « w

33 Historical synopsis Kuwait National Petroleum Company (KNPC) Kuwait National Petroleum Company (KNPC) was established in October 1960 as a Kuwaiti joint company possessed by the government and the private sector altogether. It is tasked to refine and market petroleum products; pursuant to this purpose, it has put forth diligent efforts to develop Mina Al-Ahmadi Refinery which was established in 1949 as a simple refinery whose refining capacity is maximum 25,000 barrels per day (bpd) to meet the local market’s needs from petrol, kerosene and diesel. It has also opted to develop Mina Abdullah Refinery which was founded in 1958 during the tenure of Late Sheikh Abdullah Al-Salem Al-Sabah. Mina Abdullah Refinery was then also a small refinery which had only one unit for refining crude oil; in addition, its capacity was nearly 30,000 bpd. Yet, KNPC had after that decided to set up a third refinery called Al-Shuaiba Refinery in 1966 due to the increasing demand on petroleum derivatives. This refinery which is considered the first refinery established by a national company was officially inaugurated in April 1968. KNPC initiated after the said achievement a new phase since it began developing petrol stations, whose number then reached nearly 12 stations; however, Kuwait Oil Company Ltd. shouldered the responsibility of development during that phase. Espousing an ostensible strategy and clear vision to carry out its development plans, KNPC began to establish new outlets, petrol stations to meet the growing demand on fuel in the local market owning to the increasing population and development in construction in Kuwait which started in the beginning of 1960s.

34 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ W?O Ëd « U? M*« s? e W?O U U? œu ¡UM v ≈ W U?{ùU …b? b œu? Ë vK UD;« b Ëe w bL «Ë ¨W?OK?;« ‚u? « UN? U? % w? « W?HK *« ¨W b åZ —UNB «ò W d? ö? U? o d s Íb?L _«Ë ÊU?  w? œu s 5 uM wK;« ‚u « œËe X Q U M*« ŸuM w ¡b « vK …Ëö 91® “U? L?*« s eM « w U «Ë ¨©s?O Ë√ 95® w?u?B?)« s eM « ULN Ë√ œu u « ÆX?O e « u? “Ë s?O? Ëd?OJ «Ë “U?G « X? “ s öC ¨©s?O Ë√ WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d UNOK dO w « WO O «d ù« WD)« o ËË ¨ U d;« u “ q b q Èd √ U b œu u « UD b Ëe vK XKL X √Ë ¨ «—UO « q G WO ü« W b)« vK …Ëö? ¨¡«u?N? «Ë ¡U?*« W b Ë W —uBM*« s q w «—UO « q G WO ¬ UD l —√ W d?A « pK? 9 W dA « ¡«b « WK UJ U b .bI UD;« Ác ÂuI ¨WHOK u √Ë ÊUO Ë W d Ë nOEM WOKL v ≈ W U{ùU ¨—U U UNK G «—Ëd Ë U d;« u “ q b s ƉU? *« «c w W? ËdF*« W? b?(« U?O?MI « o? Ë «—U?O K q «d*« …œbF À«b « ‰ö s p –Ë ¨WO*UF « «—uD « W «u w W dA « dL «Ë W b)« w{U*« ÊdI « UOMO UL w XK œQ ¨œu u « UD w …b b rE WD;« d?z«“ Ë√ qOLF « ÂuI w « W b)« w Ë ¨UN UD lOL w WO «c « ÂuI qB Ë WD LK d b œu Ë q w ¨t HM t —UO W F UNI d s «eON U UD;« eON& - U bF p? –Ë ¨¡öLF « s ‰«u? _« qOB d b0 ‰UB ô« W uN WOK «œ ôUB « WJ Ë W «d «dO U s W “ö « s?zU “ s «b «e ôU ≈ WO «c « W b)« ÂUE v?? ô b? Ë Æd _« Âe «–≈ WD;« U? C?0 œË“ w? « U?D?;« w? U?FO ?L? « r? ? v?K fJ?F « U?D;« Æ¡öLF « q s qOGA « WK?N Ë W? U? ô« WF d? W? ? b?

35 Historical synopsis Furthermore, KNPC through its local marketing arm built new petrol stations and depots for marketing various petroleum products needed by the local market. It also used modern tankers to supply stations with petrol obtained from Sabhan and Ahmadi depots; in addition, it began to provide the local market with two kinds of petrol; special petrol which is called “Octane 95” and excellent petrol called “Octane 91” as well as gas oil, kerosene and lubricants. The company also started to provide petrol stations with additional services such as exchanging lubricants, the automatic service of washing vehicles and so on. It is noteworthy that the company possessed at that time four automatic stations for washing vehicles located in Mansouriya, Qurtuba, Bayan and Abu Halifa zones. These stations provide integrated services starting from exchanging lubricants of engines along the service of washing vehicles through vapor as well as a multi-phases cleaning operation for vehicles in line the most advanced technologies activated in this domain. The company outstandingly has kept coping with the international developments in this field as it created management systems to run the petrol stations. As a result, it launched in 1980s the “Help Yourself” service in all its petrol stations since the customer is responsible for fuelling his vehicle inside the stations in presence of the station’s manager definitely and a revenue officer who is in charge of receiving fees from customers. However, this service was, in fact, launched after the stations were equipped with monitoring cameras and an internal communication network eases communicating with the manager if necessary.

36 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ UN bI w « U b)« d uD …—Ëd{ UN U u Ë√ W bI w W dA « XF{ËË oKDM*« «c s Ë ¨W ö «Ë s _« UOKL vK t H X u « w …e d UNzöLF UD;« ¡UM w WO Ëb « dO UF*U WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d X e « ∫ w U « w h K w «Ë …b b'« ”—«b??*«Ë l? U?B?*« s? ÊU?J? ù« —b?? «b?O?F? œu? u? « U?D? ? W? U? ≈ Æ1 qI ô W U PAM*« Ác s WD;« l u qBH YO UOHA *«Ë Ë√ WDD ÷—√ Ë√ Ÿ—U X U ¡«u Ϋd s dA Ë W L ©Â25® s Æ U dO W U S ` dB « vK WI «u*« q WOM _« UN'« WI «u vK ‰u?B(« Æ2 j UN Ë√ W dJ? F « PAM*« œËb s bF l u*« Êu W U w WD;« ÆWD;« l u œËb s d n √ ©Â1000® s qI W U «dzUD « d WzUL L ©Â500® s qI ô Èd √Ë œu Ë WD 5 W U œu Ë Æ3 Æq UI*« ÁU&ô« w Ë√ ¨b «u « Ÿ—UA « vK ÁU&ô« fH w Ÿ—UA « ÷d qI ô≈ vK ¨5 —U vK œu u « WD W U S «e ô« Æ4 «d 5 ö ©Â30® s WO Ozd « WD;« WN «Ë tOK WKD*« w? Ozd « ‰u b `L ô√Ë —U √ …dA Â10 s w dH « Ÿ—UA « ÷d qI ôË Æw dH « Ÿ—UA « s UN Ëd Ë√ «—UO « ∫ w WK L *«Ë W UF « W ö « ◊ËdA bOI « Æ5 w U *« «b s —Ëœ ¡UM sJ1Ë jI b «Ë —Ëœ s WD;« w U lOL ÊuJ d u WD d Ë l u*« W U t `L UL «—UO « W b) WBB *«

37 Historical synopsis Indisputably, this service was greatly applauded by customers; in addition, this success was tangibly regarded through the increasing revenues of sales inside these stations which were provided with modern pumps which are easy to operate by vehicles’ drivers. It is worth mentioning that the company has activated measurements tasked to provide high security and safety levels for its customers; accordingly KNPC is committed to the international criteria and regulations allotted to establish new petrol stations; among these criteria are the following: 1- To allot a site far away from factories, schools and hospitals at a distance of at least 25 meters 2- In case the location is 1000 meters away from military installations, aircrafts’ runways, it will be necessary to get the approval of the concerned security authorities before getting the approval of establishing the alleged petrol station 3- Each station must be far away from its counterpart at a distance of 500 meter at least in case they are located on the same street or on the opposite direction 4- The petrol station must overlook two streets; yet the width of the main street to which the principal façade of the station overtops must be 30 meters; in addition, the with of the sub-street must be at least 10 meters; moreover, vehicles are not allowed to enter or exit from that sub-street 5- To be closely committed to the general conditions of safety epitomized in establishing a one-storey petrol station only for stations allotted to serve vehicles;

38 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ ∫wK U ô W U U C*«Ë W uN « VO U √Ë œu u « U «e U s bF Ê√ Æ√ Æ Î«d s dA ©Â20® s qI vK √ UN U S `L ôË WD;U œu u « s u9 W d s WKBHM ÊuJ Ê√ Æ» WD;« w U l w U *« Ác W ö …U «d l rO A «Ë qO G « s U √ l u*« W «—œË W ö U WU U «d « s W öF « Ác rJ U o Ë Æ ÂUF « Æs ¬ ∆—«u Ãd œu Ë Æà WO —U)« jz«u(« pL qI ôË W K *« W U d)« s ¡UM « ÊuJ Ê√ Æœ Æd LO M s dA ©r 20® s vK 5 U …b*® o d K W ËUI œ«u s c «uM «Ë »«u? _« ÊuJ Ê√ ÆÁ dD)« —œUB s ΫbOF WD LK W UF*« WN'« w ` H Ê√Ë ©q _« ÆW uN « VO U √Ë U C*«Ë œu u « U «e U W U w Ë ¨WD;« vK …—uD qJA WDA √ Í_ vM *« «b « Âb ÆË Æ w ü« “UG « qH “UN «b « r VN Ë– —bB œu Ë ÆWD;« w U sL{ W «dLK jI …b «Ë W d hOB ÆÍ w wK;« o u « ŸUD ¡b U b)« d uD rz«b « wF « oKDM s Ë UD ÂuNH dOG …dJ W? «—œË WA UM WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d «—UO « W F W b ÂbI WD œd œu u « WD bF r –≈ ¨œu u « dO w WO UL'« w «uM « Èb ≈ q 9 X √ U/≈Ë ¨ u e « dOOG Ë√ œu u U

39 Historical synopsis however, it is possible to establish a two- storey station if the area is suitable for that; yet it has to meet also the following regulations: A- It must be located 20 meters at least away from the holes of fuel tanks, pipelines of ventilations and pumps as well. B- It has to be isolated from the area through which vehicles enter to be fuelled; in addition, it is not allowed to set it up above locations of carwash or oil change services. However, the station’s headquarters must be built in accordance with regulations of safety allotted in this regard. C- A Safe exit for emergency must be available. D- The building must be concrete and the exterior walls’ thickness must be 20 cm. E- Doors and windows must be made of anti-fire substances whose durability must be for two hours; moreover, they have to be opened through the opposite façade of the station to be far away from resources of hazard such as holes of fuel, pumps and pipelines of ventilation. F- It is banned to use the station’s headquarters for any hazardous activities. In case there is flame, an automatic system for locking gas must be used. G- Only one control room must be available for the stations’ buildings. According to its eagerness to develop services provided to its customers, KNPC represented by its Local Marketing Department has opted to change the concept understood about petrol stations since the latter are no longer stations

40 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ vK WO Ë—Ë_« œö « w œu u « UD Íu % –≈ ¨W dBF « r UF « Êb s bF Ë ¨¡öLFK WLN*« U b)« s U dO Ë w UI*«Ë d U *«Ë r UD*« iF W dA WF U « wK;« o u « …dz«œ XKu ÀU _«Ë U «—b « s b bF « v Ë√ …uD œu u « UD hOB …—Ëd{ v ≈ WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « vK d _« ÷d bF Ë ¨‰U *« «c w WO*UF « «—uD « W «u Ë dOOG « u ¡b « vK W R*« XI «Ë ¨WO uJ « ‰Ëd « W R Ë ‰Ëd K vK _« fK *« ∫ WO U « ·«b _« oOI œu u « UD hOB w eO d «Ë WO uJ « ‰Ëd « W R* WO Ozd « dO WDA _« s hK « • ÆWO Ozd « WDA _« vK Z M*« …œu Èu 5 %Ë tBOB œ«d*« ◊UAM « WO U ≈Ë …¡UH l — • Æ ◊UAM « UN bI w « U b)«Ë Æ WDA _« iF vK W Ëb « —UJ « d Ë w UM « l{u « 5 % • qOKI Ë «œ«d?? ù« …œU?? “Ë W? Ëb? « s? w? U?*«Ë Í—«œù« ¡V?F? « nOH • Æd U *« …œU “Ë tFO A ’U)« ŸUDIK WOK I Ë WO U W —UL « ’d oK • w U U Ë ¨w UL ù« w uI « \"UM «Ë W ËbK WK UA « WOLM « w t L U Æ ÍœUB ô« ◊UAM « vK W Ëb « WMLO hOKI dO u Ë wM u « œUB ô« w WOM u « W ULF « WL U Ë WO U ≈ …œU “ •

41 Historical synopsis for providing fuel for vehicles or even changing oils. They have become an aesthetical aspect in many of modern European countries around the world as they comprise restaurants, malls, cafes and other important services in which customers are interested. Yet, after conducting several studies and researches in this respect, Local Marketing Department, which is affiliated to KNPC, has recommended pressingly privatizing petrol stations as an initiative towards change to cope the international development taking place in this field. However, after submitting the proposal to Petroleum Higher Council and Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC), a decision has been taken to privatize petrol stations to achieve the following objectives: To get rid of KPC minor activities and focus on the principal ones. To improve the efficiency and productivity of the activity which is to be privatized; in addition to improving its quality and services. To improve the competitive capability and put an end to monopoly phenomenon which the government imposes on some activities. To reduce the administrative and financial burden the government undertakes; in addition to increasing revenues and reducing hazards. To provide current and future investment opportunities for the private sector to spur it to take part in the government’s development plan and the gross national

42 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ Æ ’U)« ŸUDI « w W UM « WO uJ « W ULF « »UFO ô W “ö « W O « ×U?)« s? WOM u « ‰«u?? _« ”˃— »c? Ë wK;« ‰U?*« ”√— WOLM • Æ œö « q «œ w U —UL ô —Ëœ VFK W “ö « WOMH «Ë W —«œù« …d )« t U ≈Ë ’U)« ŸUDI « WOLM • ÆW œUB ô« WDA _« w w U √ X U ‰Ëd K vK _« fK *« q s WB B)« …uD vK WI «u*« bF Ë W d fO Q 2004 WM 152 r — Âu d*« V u0 WO uJ « ‰Ëd « W R ¨ “œu uK wK;« o u K v? Ë_« W dA « ” r « UNOK oK √ W U WL U bI lO u - 2005 uO u 1 w Ë ¨ œu u « W F WD 40 …—«œ≈Ë pKL p –Ë W dA «Ë WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d 5 U œu u « W F WD 40 lO Æœu uK wK;« o u K v Ë_« ‰Ëd « W R X U œu u « W F UD WB B ŸËdA* ôULJ «Ë oK √ W U WL U W d fO Q 2005 WM 279 Âu d*« V u0 WO uJ « W F WD 40 …—«œ≈Ë pKL p –Ë ¨“œu u « o u —u « W d ” r « UNOK 5 U œu u « W F WD 40 lO bI lO u - 2006 u U 13 w Ë ¨œu u « Æœu u « o u —u « W d Ë WO uJ « WOM u « ‰Ëd « W d q «d ‰ULJ « vK UO U WO uJ « ‰Ëd « W R qLF t H ‚UO « w Ë œu u « UD …—«œ≈Ë pKL W U W d fO Q œu u « UD WB B ÆhOB « WOKL s …dO _« WK d*« w Ë ¨WD 40 U œb Ë WOI *«

43 Historical synopsis income too; accordingly the government’s dominance over the economic activity will be reduced. To increase productivity and reinforce the participation of the national personnel in the national economy in order to provide a suitable work environment to contain the young Kuwaiti national personnel in the private sector. To develop the local capital and attract national capitals from abroad to be invested inside the country. To develop the private sector and improve its administrative and technical experience required to take effectually part in the economic activities. Consequently, KPC has established a public join company named “Oula Fuel Marketing Company” in line with the decree no. 152/2004 to enable the latter to possess and run forty petrol stations. As a result, Oula signed a bill of sale with KNPC on June 1, 2005. Furthermore, KPC, pursuant to the decree no. 279/2005, established also a public joint company named “Soor Fuel Marketing Company” to possess and run another forty petrol stations. In addition, it signed a contract of sale with KNPC on May 13, 2006. In the same context, KPC is triggering a proposal to establish a third company to possess and manage the remaining forty petrol stations as a final step in privatization process in this domain.

44 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ © U C*«® W F « l «u d K U WOM e « WD;« W U UNO …d u *« U b)« ¡UM WHKJ WD;« 5 ËdO ‰e œ wuB wuB “U 2 5 ËdO ‰e œ wuB wuB “U 2 Wb Wb 5 ËdO ‰e œ wuB wuB “U 2 ©„Æœ® ÕU ≈ a —U UNF u r— «d « «d « qO G « qb «d « WD;« WD;« X“ 13 6 6 45.000 90.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★★ ★ ★ 200.000 25≠Apr≠84 ÍbL _« 1 33 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 250.000 10≠Sep≠62 Êu «dOA « 2 33 86.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 250.000 1≠Feb≠74 —u « Ÿ—U 3 13 3 3 45.000 90.000 45.000 90.000 ★ ★★ ★ ★ 160.000 31≠Aug≠83 w b F « 4 2 66 43.000 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ ★★ ★ 740.000 25≠Jun≠67 W —uBM*« 5 2 66 45.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★★ ★ 230.000 28≠Sep≠83 VFA « 6 66 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 380.000 5≠Nov≠86 dNE « 7 1 2 8 8 45.000 45.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ ★★ ★ 1.000.000 23≠May≠84 qO O H « 8 23 6 6 43.000 86.000 86.000 86.000 ★ ★★ ★ ★ 914.000 20≠Feb≠80 ¡«dN'« 9 2 66 45.000 90.000 45.000 ★ ★★ ★ 367.000 22≠Dec≠96 a uA « 10 2 66 45.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★★ ★ 380.000 11≠Sep≠83 W dLF « 11 14 2 6 6 45.000 90.000 45.000 90.000 45.000 ★ ★★★★ ★ 385.000 1≠Jun≠98 ÍbL _« 12 66 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ ★ 350.000 20≠Mar≠89 ÈuK 13 66 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 360.000 8≠Oct≠76 tO*U « 14 2 66 45.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★★ ★ 350.000 2002Ø10Ø24 dBI « ≠ ¡«dN'« 15 12 4 4 43.000 42.000 45.000 45.000 ★ ★★ ★ ★ 200.000 1≠May≠62 …d u « 16 2 6 6 45.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★★ ★ 375.000 5≠Nov≠02 dO J « „—U 17 3 67 45.000 84.000 174.000 ★★ ★ 380.000 1≠Feb≠83 ÊU  18 21 66 86.000 43.000 86.000 86.000 ★★★ ★ 400.000 14≠Nov≠94 —Ëe « ¡UMO 19 2 2 45.000 45.000 ★ ★ ★ 260.000 1983 UJKO …d e 20 33 ★ 33 45.000 45.000 ★ ★ ★ 240.000 4≠jun≠69 ¡U OH « 21 66 ★ 45.000 45.000 ★ ★ 240.000 18≠Feb≠97 WO œUI « 22 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ 275.000 3≠Oct≠94 WO b « 23

45 Historical synopsis Available services The station’s storing capacity (Liter) Locations of fuelling pumps Station no. Costs of establishment (KD) Super Premium Ultra super Diesel Kerosene Lubricant change service Washing service Super Premium Ultra super Diesel Kerosene Super Premium Ultra super Diesel Kerosene Date of Location inauguration 1 Ahmadi 25≠Apr≠84 200.000 ★ ★ ★★★ 90.000 90.000 90.000 45.000 6 6 31 2 Sheraton 10≠Sep≠62 250.000 ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 33 31 2 3 Sour St. 1≠Feb≠74 250.000 ★ ★ ★ 90.000 86.000 33 2 4 Al-Abdali 31≠Aug≠83 160.000 ★ ★ ★★★ 90.000 45.000 90.000 45.000 3 3 21 32 5 Al-Mansouriya 25≠Jun≠67 740.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 86.000 86.000 43.000 66 2 6 Al-Sha’b 28≠Sep≠83 230.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 45.000 66 2 2 41 7 Dhuhur 5≠Nov≠86 380.000 ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 66 2 8 Fahaheel 23≠May≠84 1.000.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 45.000 45.000 8 8 21 2 9 Jahra 20≠Feb≠80 914.000 ★ ★ ★★★ 86.000 86.000 86.000 43.000 6 6 3 10 Shuwaikh 22≠Dec≠96 367.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ 45.000 90.000 45.000 66 12 2 11 Omariya 11≠Sep≠83 380.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 45.000 66 12 Ahmadi 1≠Jun≠98 385.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 45.000 90.000 45.000 90.000 45.000 6 6 13 Salwa 20≠Mar≠89 350.000 ★ ★ ★ 86.000 86.000 66 14 Salmiya 8≠Oct≠76 360.000 ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 66 15 Jahra- Al-Qasr 24Ø10Ø2002 350.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 45.000 66 16 Wafra 1≠May≠62 200.000 ★ ★ ★★★ 45.000 45.000 42.000 43.000 4 4 17 Mub. Al-Kabeer 5≠Nov≠02 375.000 ★ ★ ★★ 90.000 90.000 45.000 6 6 18 Sabhan 1≠Feb≠83 380.000 ★ ★ ★ 174.000 84.000 45.000 76 19 Mina Al-Zour 14≠Nov≠94 400.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ 86.000 86.000 43.000 86.000 66 20 Failaka Island 1983 260.000 ★ ★ ★ 45.000 45.000 2 21 Faiha 4≠jun≠69 240.000 ★ ★ ★ 45.000 45.000 33 22 Qadsiya 18≠Feb≠97 240.000 ★ ★ ★ 45.000 45.000 33 23 Daeya 3≠Oct≠94 275.000 ★ ★ ★ 86.000 86.000 66

46 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ © U C*«® W F « l «u d K U WOM e « WD;« W U UNO …d u *« U b)« ¡UM WHKJ WD;« 5 ËdO ‰e œ wuB wuB “U 2 5 ËdO ‰e œ wuB wuB “U 2 Wb Wb 5 ËdO ‰e œ wuB wuB “U 2 ©„Æœ® ÕU ≈ a —U UNF u r— «d « «d « qO G « qb «d « WD;« WD;« X“ ★ 315.000 ★ 418.330 1 44 43.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★★ ★ 390.000 23≠Jul≠69 WOK bF « 24 ★ 175.000 66 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ ★ 807.000 3≠Oct≠93 Ÿb « 25 ★ 350.000 13 3 4 45.000 90.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ 260.000 1≠Jul≠90 gOF « Â√ 26 ★ 368.000 44 45.000 45.000 ★ ★ ★ 373.000 22≠Jul≠02 U OKB « 27 ★ 230.000 3 10 7 45.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★★ ★ 286.000 22≠Jul≠04 W d 28 ★ 400.000 66 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 476.000 1≠Feb≠01 WO O d « 29 ★ 235.000 44 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ 300.000 30≠Jan≠70 qO O H « 30 ★ 360.000 2 66 90.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 204.000 1≠Apr≠02 wF d « 31 ★ 173.000 2 6 6 45.000 84.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 439.000 1≠Apr≠02 ÊUDO 32 ★ 350.000 44 42.000 42.000 ★ ★ ★ 225.000 4≠Jun≠73 W b U)« 33 ★ 608.000 66 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ 19≠Feb≠74 f u ‘ w u 34 34 4 4 45.000 90.000 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ 1≠Apr≠74 W Ëb « 35 42 66 90.000 45.000 90.000 90.000 ★ ★★ Sep≠96 W d « 36 44 43.000 43.000 ★ ★ 1≠Nov≠93 r U « tK «b 37 66 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ 1≠Mar≠86 WO{—UF « 38 12 1 4 4 43.000 43.000 43.000 86.000 86.000 ★★ 7≠Oct≠74 w*U « 39 44 45.000 45.000 ★ ★ 21≠Dec≠74 WO*U « 40 22 43.000 43.000 ★ 1≠Nov≠94 ÊUL œ 41 24 2 6 6 45.000 90.000 45.000 45.000 90.000 ★ ★★★★ 1≠Sep≠97 —UC)« ‚u a uA « 42 12 3 3 43.000 45.000 45.000 90.000 ★★ ★ 26≠Apr≠75 tK «b ¡UMO 43 22 45.000 45.000 ★ ★ 12≠Jun≠75 ŒuOA « VOK 44 24 10 10 43.000 90.000 129.000 129.000 ★ ★★ ★ 8≠Aug≠94 ”œU « Ídz«b « 45

47 Historical synopsis Station no. Costs of establishment (KD) Super Premium Ultra super Diesel Kerosene Lubricant change service Washing service Super Premium Ultra super Diesel Kerosene Super Premium Ultra super Diesel Kerosene Available services The station’s storing capacity (Liter) Locations of fuelling pumps Date of Location inauguration 24 Adiliya 23≠Jul≠69 315.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 43.000 44 1 31 25 Al-Bada’ 3≠Oct≠93 418.330 ★ ★ ★ 86.000 86.000 66 3 26 Umm El-Aish 1≠Jul≠90 390.000 ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 90.000 45.000 4 3 2 27 Sulaibikhat 22≠Jul≠02 175.000 ★ ★ ★ 45.000 45.000 44 2 28 Qurtuba 22≠Jul≠04 807.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 45.000 7 10 43 24 29 Rumaithiya 1≠Feb≠01 350.000 ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 66 1 21 30 Fahaheel 30≠Jan≠70 260.000 ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 44 2 42 31 Rigae 1≠Apr≠02 368.000 ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 90.000 66 21 42 32 Khaitan 1≠Apr≠02 373.000 ★ ★ ★ 90.000 84.000 45.000 6 6 33 Khaldiya 4≠Jun≠73 230.000 ★ ★ ★ 42.000 42.000 44 34 Haw. Tunis St. 19≠Feb≠74 286.000 ★ ★ ★ 86.000 86.000 66 35 Doha 1≠Apr≠74 400.000 ★ ★ ★ 86.000 86.000 90.000 45.000 4 4 36 Rigga Sep≠96 476.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 45.000 90.000 66 37 Abdullah 1≠Nov≠93 235.000 ★ ★ ★ 43.000 43.000 44 Al-Salem 38 Ardhiya 1≠Mar≠86 300.000 ★ ★ ★ 90.000 90.000 66 39 Al-Salmi 7≠Oct≠74 360.000 ★ ★ ★ 86.000 86.000 43.000 43.000 43.000 4 4 40 Salmiya 21≠Dec≠74 204.000 ★ ★ ★ 45.000 45.000 44 41 Dasman 1≠Nov≠94 173.000 ★ ★ 43.000 43.000 22 42 Shuwaikh Souq 1≠Sep≠97 439.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 90.000 45.000 45.000 90.000 45.000 6 6 Al-Khudhar 43 Mina Abdullah 26≠Apr≠75 350.000 ★ ★ ★★ 90.000 45.000 45.000 43.000 3 3 44 Jle. al-Shuyoukh 12≠Jun≠75 225.000 ★ ★ ★ 45.000 45.000 22 45 Six Ring Road 8≠Aug≠94 608.000 ★ ★ ★★★ 129.000 129.000 90.000 43.000 10 10

48 á«îjQÉJ áëŸ © U C*«® W F « l «u d K U WOM e « WD;« W U UNO …d u *« U b)« ¡UM WHKJ WD;« 5 ËdO ‰e œ wuB wuB “U 2 5 ËdO ‰e œ wuB wuB “U 2 Wb Wb 5 ËdO ‰e œ wuB wuB “U 2 ©„Æœ® ÕU ≈ a —U UNF u r— «d « «d « qO G « qb «d « WD;« WD;« X“ 2 4 4 45.000 86.000 86.000 ★★ ★ ★ 360.000 9≠Jan≠96 ŒuOA « VOK 46 55 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 300.000 12≠May≠76 w dF « ZOK)« Ÿ—U 47 44 86.000 43.000 ★ ★ ★ 270.000 12≠Jul≠76 w dF « ZOK)« Ÿ—U 48 33 43.000 43.000 ★ ★ ★ 236.000 22≠Jul≠76 ”UDMH « 49 44 84.000 42.000 ★ ★ ★ 270.000 11≠Aug≠77 ÊUHO 50 42 66 86.000 43.000 86.000 43.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 454.000 13≠Dec≠77 …b *« 3_« Æ 51 24 6 6 45.000 90.000 90.000 90.000 ★★★ ★ ★ 469.000 8≠Jan≠03 W œ«bA « 52 66 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ ★ 318.000 31≠May≠78 ¡«dN'« 53 2 10 9 43.000 129.000 129.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 1100.000 24≠Sep≠79 ÊUO 54 22 43.000 43.000 ★ ★ 178.000 24≠Oct≠79 WL b « 55 44 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ ★ 270.000 7≠Nov≠79 W{Ëd « 56 1 6 6 43.000 86.000 86.000 ★★ ★ ★ 328.000 24≠Feb≠80 qO O H « 57 66 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ ★ 347.000 19≠Aug≠85 W U d 58 12 4 4 43.000 43.000 86.000 86.000 ★★★ ★ ★ 440.000 11≠Jan≠81 VOB uM « 59 12 6 6 43.000 43.000 86.000 43.000 ★★★ ★ ★ 434.000 1≠Feb≠81 wL œ_« 60 31 66 90.000 42.000 84.000 84.000 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 493.000 1≠Dec≠86 ·dA 61 23 6 6 45.000 90.000 90.000 90.000 ★★★ ★ ★ 427.000 9≠Nov≠81 »U d « 62 66 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 313.000 1≠Sep≠82 WO U B « 63 12 2 2 45.000 45.000 45.000 45.000 ★★★ ★ ★ 240.000 23≠Aug≠82 —Ëe « ”√— 64 55 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 296.000 11≠Nov≠82 Y U « Ídz«b « 65 66 86.000 86.000 ★ ★ ★ 450.000 14≠Aug≠94 r U « ÕU  66 66 90.000 90.000 ★ ★ ★ 367.000 6≠May≠85 ËdO Ÿ—U 67 66 90.000 45.000 ★ ★ 332.000 23≠Jul≠85 WOFL'« ≠ ÊUO 68