Kan repofl, COBeTCKHii naTpHOT. Bjoxhod.ih ' n p ^i imcame TyjiereHe, 3„aeT naptnf a, PoflHHa, MocKBa. B 6osx non MockboS npocnaBHJiHct aecHTKH cbihob Ka3ax- CKoro Hapoaa. Cpean hhx— T epofi CoBeTCKoro Coi03a Maanx raSayajiHH. XH3HeHHbi0 ny-rb Majimca radnynnnna thhhtch ajlsi M'Hornx Ka3axoB, BHpaiu,eHBUx KonMyHHCTHqecKO® napTH- e0, KOMCOMOJIOM H COBeTCKOft BJiaCTblO. PoflHBumcb b ce.Mbe fieanaKa h BoenHTUBaacb b ^eroKofl KoMMyne rop. KoxaeTaBa, MajiHK Fa^nynnm c caMoft paraefl K5HOCTH BCTynHvI B 'IJICHU JieHHHCKOrO KOMCOMOJia. Oh OKOHHHa AjiMa-ATHHCKHft rocyaapcTBeHHufi neaarorHqecKHfi HHCTHTyr HMeHH AOaa. ,Uo BOHHbi Maxine 3aHHMajica ,H3yqeiiHeM repoHqecicoro ano- ca Ka3axcKoro napoaa, no BoiiHa npepuaxa ero iiaywyio paGo- Ty. M ojioaoh KasaxoKHH yqeHbifi CTax cwmaioM. C nepBHX xce MecsmeB c[)pohtobo0 xch3h>h M bjihk TaGflyx- JIHII CTajI OflHHM H3 CaMbIX .HOOliMblX TOBapHIUeH CpeflH BOHHOB naH<j)HJK>BCKO0 AHBH3HH. 3ry .H060BB OH 3aMyXCH.lI CBOHMH noaBiiraMH, y mHoxeaioiuhmh 6oeByio caaay rBapjeftcKoft ahbh- B OKTHi6pe 1941 roxa, s ahh nepBoro iiacTynjieiiHH nnvie- poBnes Ha MocKBy, poTa, b KOTopofl Ma.iHK raCayjuiHH Gha 3a- MecTHTejieM KOMaHflwpa no noxirrqacTH, 3aH»Majia pyGexc Ha Gepery peKH Py3bi. Ue.nuii aeHb 6e3 nepepbma rHTJiepoBuu araxoBajni btot pyGexc. H m yna.iocb noTecHHTb HajiiH noapa3fle- jieHHn h oKpyxcHTb poTy, r,ae MajiHK TaGAy.uiHH Gbiji nonHTpy- KOM. B OKpyXSeHHH KOMaHAHp pOTbl GbI.l yGHT. MajiHK npHHJHI Ha ceGa KoiMaHAOBaHHe poro0 h GxaronoxyqHO bhiboji ee »3 oxpy- xceHHH. ripn npopbiBe Bpawecxoro KOJibna poTa MaxHKa TaG- AyMHHa HaHecxa Bpary cepbesHuO ypoH. B 3HMiieM HacTy/uieHHH 1941— 1942 ronoB 8 I'BapneScxaa HMeHH rarepa.T-Maiiopa HaiKpHxoBa CTpexKOBan ahbh3ha, rae cnyxcmi MajiHK raGayjiJiHH, AeflcTByn b m ay Bpara yqacTBOBa- na b 3aBepuie«HH OKpyxceHHH 16 rnTJiepoBCKoft apMHH. 0 6 stom b cooGmeHHH CoBeTCKoro HHijiopMGiopo 24 $eBpa.qsi 1942 roaa roBomwiocb: oftena CeBepo-3anaaHoro 4>poHTa (KOMaHayromHft (JipoH- tom reHepaJi-xe0TeHaHT KypoqKim), HaqasniHe b pa0oHe Cra- po0 Pyccu OKpyxceHHe 16 neMeiiKOft apMHH zme0 10 Ha3aa, Ha- Ahhx 3aKonqHjiH ero. BBHAy 0TKa3a 16 HeMeuxoft apMHH (KOMaH- 2S5
TepoB CoBeTCKoro Coio3a MaJimc raOayana. flyioiuHfi reHepaji-nojiKOBHHK cJioh Byui) cjiowHTb opyjKne Hauin BoficKa iia'iaw a-Taxy. B pe3yjibTaTe nepBoro arana pa3rpoM- JieHu 290 nexoTHaa jhbh3hh 2 apMeiicxoro xopnyca (KOManay- wuihS reHepaa BpoKaop<j>), 30 nexoTHaa a»BH3Ha 10 apMeficxo- ro xopnyca (KOMaHayiomnii reaepaa TaH3en) h ahbh3hh CC. r HTaepoBitu ocTaBHjiH Ha noae 6oa 12 THcaa qexoseK y6«THMH. Hawn TpcxjieH: opyanii — 185, MHHOMeTOB— 135, TaHKOB— 29, nyaeMeTOB— 340, bbtombtob h bhhtobok— 4 150, aBTOMa* hihh — 450, motouhkjiob— 320, Beaoc.HneaoB— 560, Tpaxrop- Hbix Taraaeit — 15, BaroHOB— 125, napoB030B 8, apTCHapaaoB— 14000, mhh—9700, naTpoHOB—1300 000, py'iHbix rpaHaT — 6 350, noHTOHOB— 53, TeaeijioHHoro xatfeaa— 105 KHJioMerpoB, paaHOCTaituHS— 27, napawioToB — 385, Jiouiaaefi — 385. 3axBa- 2S6
<jeHH TaKJKe cKnaabi npoAOBonbcrBHa, 6oenpHnacoB h ofiMyaitH- poBaHHa*. B xoae 6oe» Ha onpywenHe 16 rjiTJiepoBCKoft api»inn poTa aB- TOM3THHKOB noA KOMaHAOBaHHeM MaJiHKa raCAyJiJiHHa 3a«aaa CHJibHo yKpenjieHHyK), HMeBinyio BawHoe 3HaaeHiie aah HeMea- oGopoHH AepeBHio. O npoBeAeHHofi ManHKOM rafiAynnHHhiM one- pauHH no 3aHATHio AepeBHn B. rioJieBOH b «ripaBAe» 3a 25 anpejiH 1942 roAa imcax: «Bech 3tot AepsKHft iuiaH aTaKH BqeTaepo npeBocxoAauiHX cha HC.MeuKoro rapHH30Ha, CHAauiero 3a xjoiifHbiMH yspenaeaH- hmsi, Mor npHATH b roAOBy TOAbKO Kpemco yBepeaHOMy b ce<5e, b CBOHX AIOAHX, HaCTOHWeMy, TQJlaHTJIHBOMy H CMeAOiMy BOHHy. H njiaii 6bui pa3wrpaH nax no HOTaM. Hepe3 ABa aaca 6oa, KorAa noAOcneA noATHHyBuiHfica SaranbOH, aBTOMamuKH ywe 3aKaHiH- B3JTH 6ofl. CaM Ma.IHK B pa3fiHTOM HeMSUKOM lUTa'6e AHTSA 3a- XBaneHHbie AOKy.MeHTW». B aHBape 1943 roAa CoBercKoe npaBHTejibCTBO npncBOHAo MaAHKy raSAyAAHHy Bucoxoe 3BaHHe Tepoa CoBeroKoro CoH)3a. B OTBer Ha ary rarpaAy OTBascHwfi BOHH-raapAeeu 3an8HA: «Bca moh HCH3Hb, bca KpoBb h SHepma npHHaAAewaT Hapo- ay, KoMMyHHCTHiecKofi napTHH. KAsmycb — nonyaa b rpyAH mo- efl CbeTca cepaue, a b x m a x Tener KpoBb, noxyaa pyKH cno- co6hu AepwaTb opysKHe — a >6yay HcrpefijiaTb cJiamncTCKHX oap- BapoB, 6yAy Apaibca 3a caac-rbe h npouBeTaime P oahhh, 3a cnacTbe Ka3axcKoro Hapoaa, chhom KOToporo a HBAsnocb*. CaaftnepcKaa BtiuroBKa TB 2916 6uaa BpyieHa 14 Maa 1942 roAa rBapAHH CTapineny cepxcaHTy A6Au6eKOBy Tneyra.imo — CHaiinepy 8 TBapAeficKofl hmchh reHepaa-Mafiopa H . B. IlaHijw- jiOBa CTpeAKOBofl ahbhshh. Bcxope hmh TneyraAH A6Abi6eKOBa CT3A0 H3BecTHo BceMy KaAHHHHCKoMy (JjpoHry. B nanane Map- Ta 1943 roAa nowie THweAbix HacTymHTeAbHbix 6oeB iiojikh ah- bh3hh 3aKpenHAHCb Ha AocTHrHyTOM py6e*e. B nepBbie we AHH CMeAbifl CHafinep H3 xopouio 3aMacKHpoBaHHoft 3acaAU MeTKHM OrHeM yHHITOJKHA HeCKOAbKO AeCHTKOB rHTAepOBUeB. Bo speMa 3to0 onepauHH OTBawHuft bohh 6ua paneH. IlocAe ae- TbipexMecHHHoro AeneHHa oh BepHyAca b poAHyio ahbh3hki. B aHBape 1944 roaa b oahom H3 6oeB KOMCoMOAeu rpnro- pHH riaCTOAbHHKOB nOBTOpHA CeCCMCpTHblfl nOABHr AAeKCaHApa MaTpocoBa, saxpuB cbohm tcaom aM6pa3ypy Bpawecxoro AOTa. Ha MorHAe nacTOAbHHKOsa TAeyraAH AtiAHtieicoB hokabacb OTOMCTHTb 3a CMepTb TOBapHina. KAaTBy cboio CAepwan — hct- pefiHA 397 raTAepoBCXHX saxBaTairxoB. 3a npoaBAeHHoe Mywe- ctbo, OTBary h repoH3M Ha <}>poHTax OTeaecTBeHHofi boBiiu ot- BaJKHbift bohh 6biJi narpawAOH: opAeHoM JlennHa, opAeHaMH KpacHoro 3HaMeHH k KpacHofl 3BC3Abi. 257
3HaiHHfi cnaflnep Tneyrara AGauGeKOB. 22 tbeBpa.ifl 1944 roaa T.ieyra.iH A6« h6ckob na.i cMepTblo xpa6pnx. Ha Morauie noniSmero repon cHafinepacan bhhtobk3 TB 2916 6uJia spytom ManoaoMy CHafinepy — omHOwy H3 Jiyi- iiihx yieHHKOB TjieyrajiH A6nbi6enoBa rBapflHH pnaoBOMy Auih- paabi OcMaHaaaeBy, KOTopuft aaji KJiaTBy npo«ojracaTb 6oeBofl caw apyra, otomcthtb 3a CMepTt CBoero yniiTeas. OTsaacHbifl ccwaaT yHH>rro)KHa 128 raTJiepoBpeB. B 1944 roay, b aetib npa3aHOBaHHH Tpexaeuia cymecrBOBa- hhsj 8 rBapaeflcKofl ahbh3hh, KOManaoBaHHe nocaaao b Ka3ax- CTaiH aeaeranHio c panopiOM o tioeBux noaBHrax ahbh3hh. BMe- CTe c aeaerauaefl 6buia o-rnpaiBiieHa BHHTOBxa TB 2916 h 6oe>Bofi nacnopr k Hefl, Koropaa xpa»HTca b FocyaapCTBeHHOM My3ee r. A.iMa-Aru. noflBHrii CeccTpamHHX cuhob Ka3axciaHa: Ty.iereaa, Tox- TapoBa, Maanaa Ta6ayjuinHa, Pauwaa flxcaHro3HHa, MycTa$u 258
6CeHrHp aeBa, Acxapa KowaCepreHOBa, Anannaa KapcaeBa, HypcyjiTaHa HcCyaaTOBa « mhothx apyrax, noAHHMajia MyBCTBO COBGTCKOH COUHajIHCTHHeCXOfi HaUHOHajIbHOH ropAOCTH Ka3aXCK0- ro HapoAa. C xajxAHM AHeM cpaaceHHa pocjia SoeBaa caaBa B0HH0B-Ka3axcTaHueB. Ha coBeTcxoft Poahhc, b AaaexoM Ka- 3axcTaHe crenHue aKbinhi nocBama.au hm cboh necHH h HMnpo- BH38UHH. *IlaH<|)HAOBUbi noKaaaAH Bcefl CoBeTcxoft ApMaa o6pa3UU coaeTaHaa coBeTCxoro naTpaorasMa a npojierapcxoro HHTepHa- UH0HaAH3Ma, MyacecTBa .a OTBara. Ohh noxaBajiH, xax Aopora coBerc-KOMy aenoBexy coaaajiacTaaecxaa poAHiHa, CTpaHa, ta& Bnepobie b acTopaa aeAOBeaecTBa yHaaToaceHa axcruiyaTauHa ae- 3jiOBeica aeAOBeKOM, rae conna.™ m TOpaxecTByeT, rAe ropaaaft 6»<hbotbophtjfl coBeTcxaft narpaoTaaM, HapyiuaMaa Apy»t a aa- 6pOAOB ABAHK3TCH HC3bI .ieMbIMH 3aKOH3MH JKH3HH. IlaHCpHAOBUbl 6nOKa3i>iBaAH, ato Ha Taaae noABHra cnoco eH Jinum ae-ioBex, 6HJHBymaS b couHaABcraaecKOM o meci®e, rAe TpyaamaecH Aefi- CTBHTejibHO HBJiBioTCH xo3HeBaMH CBoeii cyAbCbi, BeAymae cnpa- BeA-’iHByro BoiiHy 3a cboio CBofioAy a He33BacHMOCTb cBoero Ha- poAa. 3OpHApax SHreabc cto ABeHaAUaTb aery TOMy Ha aA, b cbo- mx «3Ab6ep$eJibACKBX peaax» npopoaecxa npeAcxaaax nosrBjie- 6«ae t3khx AiOAefl npa coixaaa acTaaecKOM o iuecTBe: «npa\\ra- 06Te... bo BHHMaHae, roonoAa,— roBopaa oh,— hto axeH Taxoro - mecTBa b cayaae boShh, xoTOpaa, kohcwo, MoaceT BecTHCb TOJib- KO npOTHB aHTHKOMMyifHCTH'-ieCKHX H3UHH, AO.lWeH 3aiUHUiaTb AeficTBMTejibHoe OTeaecTBO, AeflcTBareabHuS oaar, hto oh, cne- AOBaTeabHo, 6yaeT SopoTbca c BoonyweBJieHHeM, co cToflxocTbio, c xpaSpoCTbio, nepeA xoTopbiMa AOJiWHa paaneTerbca, xax coao- Ma, Mexaaaaecxaji Bbiyaxa coBpeMeHaoii apMaa. BcnoMiiaTe, xa- xae MyAOca cosepuiaa 3Hry3aa3M ipeBoaiouHoaHux apiMafi 1792 a 1799 rr., xoropue Copoaacb Toabxo 3a *aaaio3aK), 3a mhhmoc OTe- aecTBO, « Bbi AoaxcHu iSyASTe nonaTb, xax OHabHa AOJiwHa 6uTb apMaa, xoTOpaa Soperca ae 3a HaaioaHio, a 3a peaxbHyio Aeacr- BHTeabHOCTb*.1 ■MyacecTBo, CToflxocTb a Bca icaaa naTpH0TH3Ma cobctckhx 3bohhob noATBep*AaioT aro saMeaaTejiMioe npeABHAOHae oaho- ro H BeaaKiHx ocHOBonaioaflHHKOB Haynaoro xoMMyaHaMa. Bor jioaeMy naH<j>HJioBUbi, KOTOpue coBeproawa xojuiexTHiB- huh aoABwr b caMbix He6aaronpHarabix AJia tihx BoeHHbix ycjio- BHax nepBbix MecaueB OieaecTBeHHoft bo3hh, inoxa3a.n,K Bexa- aafiwyio opraHH30B3HuocTb, HenpexAOHHyio boakj h CoAbuiyro Mopa.iLHyiK) cHjiy b 3au(HTe conHaAHCTHaecxoro oCmecToa. 1 K. M ap 1 c, Coa., H3xaHHe 2, t. Ill, crp. 278.
B KpaTKOM onep«e—«3Jio*e«HH jraraoro CoeBoro nojanra renepaa-Mafiopa HaHipMOBa, cocraaaeHHOM KOMaHAOBaimeM h BoeHiiuM CoBeTOM 3anaflHoro ippoma, roBopHTCa: «B 6opb6e c neMeuKHMH3axBaTTHKaMH Ha noacrynax k Moc- KBe ahbhshh aejia o*ecToicHiHbie 6oh c npeBocxoamuHMH ® 4 pa3a cHaaMH npoTHBHHKa... Besra (jecnpepuBHhie 6oh Ha noaciy- nax kMocKBe b TeqeHHe Mecnua, nacTH ahbh3hh HeT<wibKoyaep- HCHBa.IH CBOH II03HUHH, HO H OTpeMHTeAbUblMH KOHTpaTaxaMH paarpoMiH.™ 2 TaHKosyio, 29 MoropH30BaHHyio, 10 nexoTHymah- BH3HH, yHHHTMKlHJIH: 9 000 THTAepOBCHHX COJIitaT H 0<|>HaepOB, <5cuiee 80 TaaKc® « mhoto opyaaS, iMHHOMeroB h apyroro opy- 3a o6pa3noBoe BbinoJiHeHHe 3aaamift KoMaHAOBaHWH b 6opb- 6e c HeMeuKHMH aaxBaTiHKaMii 316 crpejiKOBaa ahbb3«s noay- HHJia 3B3HHe 8 TBapaeSCKOfl CTpe.lKOBOfi AH3H3HH*. O repoHiecKOM aeiicTBHti oanoro H3 ikwikob 8 rBapaeftcKofi HMenH reHepa.i-Mafiopa riaH<pH.708a crpejiKOBoft ahbh3hh noa KOMaHaoBaHHeM Baypaxana MoMbiui-yjibi b ra3eie «ripaBaa» sa 18 Mas 1942 roaa CKa3aHO c-ieayiomee: «Ha oahom «3 yiacTKOB Ka-ummicKoro ^poHra nexoTa npo- THBHHKa anaxoBaaa oaho Haiue noapasaeasHHe. Hauin fioftnu noa KOMaHaoBaHHeM tob. BaypastaHa MoMum-yan BCTpenuiH Bpara orneM mkhomctob h nyaeMeioB, 3aieM nepenuiH b kohtp- aiany a OT6poc«a« nmicpoBiieB. Ha noae 6oh ocraaocb CoJiee 120 BpaaceoBHx TpynoB. BbmeaeHW H3 ctpoh 2 4>auiHcxcKnx TanKa*. Caeayer OTMeTHTb, hto b BeaHKofi 6HTBe noa MockboHh oc- BOfioscaeHHH KaaHHHHCKofl ofiaacTH, KpoMe naHipHaoBueB, yaacr- BOBa.THapyrae BOHHCKHe COeaHHeHHil H HaCTH, C$OpMHpOBaHHUe b Ka3axcTaHe: 238 CTpeaKOBaa ahbhshh (30 rBapaeficKaa), 99 opaeHa /lemma KpacH03HaMeimaa KaBaaepniicKaH a»BH3HH. BoHHu-KasaxcTaimbi MywecTBeHno cpaxajracb b paaax reapaefi- ueB KasaaepHHCKoro Kopnyca renepaaa floeaTopa h b laerHX 1h 2 KpacH03HaMeHHhix KaBaaepHilcKHX KopnycoB reHepaaa Be- aoBa. 100, 101 erpejiKOBaa fiparaabi m 99 KaBa.iepnScRaa abbh- 3hh ynacTBOBajiH b <5ohx 3a ocBoCojKfleinie rop. Ka-mmima h BeJiHKoayKCKOft oOnaerH. B ceHT»6pe 1944 roaa CoBeTCKaa ApMHH Haiaaa Hacryn- jieHHe h ocBo6o»aeHHe ripH6ajiTHKH. Pa3rpoMHB nepBbie jihhhh ofiopoHbi npoTHBHHKa, HauiH nacTH norHajiH rHTJiepoBueB Ha Sa naa. Boaee upHaua™ epajKecKHX ahbh3hh <5ujih 0Tpe3aHbi ot BocToiHofi npyccHH h 0Ka3ajiHCb b KJiemax CoBercKofi Ap MHH. B ocBoOowaeii'HH ripn6a.iTHKn npwHuaa ynacrHe 8 rBapaeil- CKaa HMeHH reaepaji-Maflopa riaiiipHJioBa CTpeaKtmaa ahbibhh.
B mcctc c apyru.MH coejHiieHHSMH, saBepuiHB ommieime ot bjm - ra Ka.amiiHiicKofi ofiaacrH, ammaiisi nepBOfi BCTymuia Ha 3eM- jik) JlarBHHCKoii CCP, 13 0KTn6pa 1944 roaa ona Bcryniwa b CTOJiHuy coBetcKofl JIaTBHH rop. Pnry. 3 a ycnduiHLie iiacTyna- TeabHue onepaunti, aa yMeaoe MaHeBpaposaHHe w 3a pa3rpoM niTaepoBOK'HX bohck b Ilp,if6a,TTHKe 8 raapaeitacaH «a- rpaayieHa opaeHOM CyBoposa II CTene«H h noayiHJia uiecTb daaroflapHocTeS Bepxoiiiioro DiaBHOKOMaHaoBaHHfl Cobotckhmh B oopy>KeHHbiM« CmiaMH h noiexuoe HauMeHOBaHne P whockoh. 26)
8 reapfleftcKaa hmohh reitepa^-MaBopa nawjw.ioaa CTpe.i- KOBasi HHBH3HHaanHMaeT repoHiecnyro crpanHny e jierormcH Be- jiHKoft OTeiecTBeHHoii bohhh. OHa oahs H3 Tex ahbh3h0, koxo- pue copBa.iH paciextj rHxaepa Ha «Mo.iHHeHOCHyio» BofiHy, ox- cxobah Haoiy CTOJimiy MocKBy h Banana ycneuiHoe HaciynaeHHe aa 3anaa. Hoa MockboA HeMeuKo-<f)aiiiHCTCKaH apMHsi noxepnena nep- Boe KpynHoe nopa*e»He ®o BTopofl mhpoboh BofiHe. PaarpoM He- MeUKO-C{iaill'HCTKHXBOfcK HOfl MoCKBOfl HMejI OTpOMHOe SHaqeHHe a m aaabHefiuiero xoaa OTenecTBeHHoft boBhu, h6o 3aecb 6ujia paa&HTa HaHConee CMAbHan rpynnnpoBKa H6MeijKO-<j>amHcxoKHX BOfiCK, OKOHlaTeJIbHO nOXOpOHeH THTHepOBCSHfi -tUiaH «MOJIHHe- Hociiofi Boii«u» ih pa36HTa nereHaa o «Heno6eAHMOcrrH» THTJie- poBCKofi apMHH. Becb nporpeccHBHbifi Map y6eaHJica, no Co- BeTCKafl ApMHH abjihctch HenofieflHMoB. BHTBa noAMockboh no- Ka3aaa iiapojaM Bcero MHpa peajibHyio nepcnexTHBy pa3rpoMa (paui'HCTCKofl FapMauMH. 2. TepOBHecKHe noABHTH bohhob Ka3axcTaHa b fiHTBe 3a CTajiHHrpaA h b 6ohx 3a ocBo6o*AeHHe yapawHu JleTOM h oceHbio 1942 roaa cyabSa Hauiefi Poahhh perna- Jiacb b repon>iecKoMopaateHHH hoa CxanHHrpaaoM. HeiMenKo-<}iauiHCTCKHe aaxBaxuucH, Bocnojib30BasaiHCb oxcyx- CTBneMBToporo (J>poHTa b EBpone, coSpaB iiohxh Bee ch.iu Tep- M3hh« h ace chjih cbomx carejijiHTOB, nexoM 1942 ro«a nepeiuJiH b wacTynaeHHe «a lore CCCP. Ha 9iox pa3 rnwiepoBiibi paecnH- TblBa.TH 3aXB3THTb 6oraTbie CejlbCKOX03HftCTBeHHUe paftOHU Jo- Ha, KyfiaHH, JKaoKa3a, 3ax®axnib HetpTsiHhie pafioHw lora Co- BeTOKofi Poccbh. Bc;ie,ncTBHe iieyaOTHoro Hcxoaa CoeBux aefi- CTBHft coBeTCKHX bohck noA XapbxoBOM BecHoft 1942 roaa rax- JiepoBuaM yaajiocb npopBaxbca k Jony, <J>opcHpoBaxb ero, 3ax- BarHTb Ky6aHb, CeBepHbifl KaBxa3 h buhth ceBepo-3anaaHee Cxa.iHarpaaa k Bojrre. C 17 hw.ih 1942 roaia aananHCb o*ecTO- leHHbie 6oa c npesocxoAHiiuiMH cn.iaMH npoiH«m«ca. Hmchho saecb b 1942 rosy pewanacb cyab6a He xoabKo Hameft Poah- Hbl, HOMCyAbfiu MMpOAK)6HBbIX HapOAOB MHpa. BHHMaHHe Bceii mhpoboh oOmectBewHoorH <5hwo npHKOBano k CxanuHTpaAy, k repoHmecKofi CopbCe C obettckoS Aipmwh. 06 HcxopHaecKOM JiiaHeiiHH CTaaHHrpaACKoft 6htbu KaHaacKaa ra- sexa «CTap» nntajia: «CTaaHHrpaj Copexca He TOJibKo 3a 6y- Aymee conexcKoro Hapona, ho h 3a CyAymee ®cero He.ioBeiecx- Ba».' >ripaBia>, 1942, 27 oKtaOps.
TypeuKaa ra3era «BaTOH», npH3HaBaa bucokhS MopaAbHbiS Ayx, cToiiKOCTb cobctckhx bohhob, 3ajtBJiHJia: «TaM cpascaerca tbhk, oraBiiiHfi Ha mocto noft6 HTC«rx) Tamca, caMOAeT, noAOcneB- uihh Ha MecTO ynaBiuero caMoaeTa, coaaar, 33MeHiiBuiHH cpa- aceHHoro coaflaTa*1.2 HacTynJieHHe HeMeiiKO-cjiamHCTCKHX bohck aeTOM 1942 roaa ycnaHjio onacHOCTb aah Hauieft CTpaHH. B CBH3H c sthm eme fioabiuan OTBGTCTBeHHOCTb aeraa Ha naeiH KoMMyHHCTHnecHoft na.pT.HM, ho napTHH He pacrepswacb, ona erne TecHee coMKHyna cboh pHaM, crajia eme <frwiee MenoKOJieSHMoft h eannofi. B 6ohx 3a CTannurpaA ynacTBOBajiH h nacTH, ccpopMHpoBaH- HHe b Ka3axcTaHe. U,K Kin (6 ) Ka3axeTaHa « npiaBHT&nbCTBO Ka3axcKoft CCP, Bupaacaa naTpHoTjwecKHe HyBCTBa Kaaaxcxo- ro Hapoaa, b cboom o6pameiiHH k 3auuiT.nHKaM GraAMHrpaAa HHcaJiH: «AoporHe bomiu, chhu KasaxcKoro HapoAa, AO^jiecrrHbie 3a- iKHTHHKiH CTaAHHrpaAal Bbi BMecTe c ApyraMH bohh3mh CoBeixacofi ApMHH rpyawo CBoeft 3aiUHiuaeTe poAHofl cobctckhh ropoA — CTajiHHrpafl. K BaM npHKOBaHH mhcah si AyBCTBa coBercKoro HaipoAa, k aaM ofipameHH B3opbi acero CBOfiOAOJiioSHBoro neAOBenecTBa! 3aaepHCHTe, ocraHoBHre h on6pocbTe 03Biepenux 4>awHcrcKHx CaHAHTOB. BefiTecb ao nowieAHero, yAepxHTe CTaAH«rpaA!» OdpameHHe TpyAumHxca Ka3axcraHa iimpoKO oScywAaaocb na KpacHoapMeScKHX coCpaHHHX h MHTHHrax. Eofiuu, KOMaHAH- Pbl H nOAHTpaCOTHHKiH KAHAH'Cb OTCTOSTTb TOpOA OraAHHrpaA. B cBoeM OTBexe AxcaMtiyay bohhu Ka3axn 33hbhah: «HaM Aopora Bojira, nax ipoAMbte ropbi Ana-Tay. HaM r.o- porH CTenn Jloiia h YupaHHU, Rax h ciena Ka3axcTaHa. Mu 3aB8pH«iM Te6a, mto fiyAeM'xpenxo 6nTb apara, He maAft icbohx CHA H CaMOl'i JXH3HH. Mu V CTaAHHrpaAB OTCTOHM HeCTb H CB060- jty xasaxcxoro HapoAa*. 19 Hoa6pa 1942 roAa Boficxa IOro-3anaAHoro <}>paHTa h boA- cxa JIohckoto <})poHTa, <a 20 HosrtSpa Boflcxa CTaAHHrpaacKoro (jjpoHTa nepeniAH b HacrynAeiwe, Koropoe 24 HoaCpa 1942 roAa 'sasep'iUMAOCb noa hum OKpyjKewneM, a 3aTeM, b (peapaAe 1943 roAa, HCTpeSAeHHeM h lacTHHHUM nAeneimcM iieTBepTofl h uiec- TOft OTfiopHUX rHTJiepOBCKHX TAHKOBUX apMHH, HaCAHTUSaBUIHX pBbuue 300 TbicaH coAAaT, ocpHiiepoB h reHepaAOB. IlAeHeHO 6u- jio CoAee 2 500 o^HuepoB bo raaBe c reHepan-ipeAbAMapmanoM riayAiocoM. 1 «ripaBfla», 1942, 27 OKTH(5p». 2 «Bo.ibiucBHK Ka3axcTana», 1943, Ms 14. 263
C^opMiipoBainiaii b some AenaCpH 1941 roAa b AAMa-Aie 38 CTpeAKOBaa ahbh3hh BecHofi 1942 roja 6uAa nanpaBAeHa Ha cppoHT. Oha npouiaa caaBHUfl <5o&boh nyrb ot CeperoB Boara ao ctoamau MexocAOBamiH Ilpara. Bnepsue 38 cxpeAKOBati ahbh3hh BCrynaAa b CoS b Mae 1942 roAa, b nepHOA HacTynaTCAbHux Aeftcr&Hft CoBenrKoS ApMHH Ha XapbKOBCKOM HanpaBAeaHH. PasBHaaa BMecie c apyrnMH coe- AHHeHHBMH CoBeTCKoii ApMHH ycnexH HacTynaeHHH, 38 CTpea- KOBaa AHBH3HH OKpyjKHAa KpynHuii rapHH30H 170 HeMeuKO-cjia- uihctckoh nexoTHoft AHBH3HH, HaxoAHBiueScH b coBeTCKOM cejie. 3to ceao HBASAOCb OAHHM H3 CHJIbHbJX H KpymiblX y3A0B CO- npoTHB.neHHH npoTHBHHKa Ha noACTynax k XapbKOBy h 6hao yKpen;ieHO Cojibuiofl ceTbio HH*eHepHO-o6opoHHTejibHHX coopy- weHHfi. /l.ia cnaceHHH cBoero rapHH30Ha rnTAepoBiiu CpocH.tH KpyiiHwe chaw MOTonexoiTbi a rauKOB, CoAbiiioe koahh6CTBO ca- MOAeTOB. OAHaKo Bee KOHTpaTaKH npoTHBHHKa CbiAH otChtu. CeAo Chao b3hto, a r,HTAepoBCKHfl TapMH30H yHHHToxceH. B Coax 3a sto ceno 38crpeAKOBaa ahbh3hh yhhhtojkhaa ao 600 C0AA3T H 0<pHUepOB npOTHBH'HKa, 22 TaHKa, 6 SpOHeMaiUHH, 14 opyAHft, 16 MHHOMeroB. IIomhmo SToro Chao aaxBaaeHO mho- ro Tpo$eeB. Ilo3AHee CoBeTCKoe HHijJopMfiiopo cooGujhao onoAHOM yHHa- TOJKeHHH 170 THTAepOBCKOH AHBH3HH, KOTOpaH OKOHHaT€AbHO 6uAa .H3M0Taiia 38 crpeAKOBofl AHMSHeft. B coo6meiiHH Cobmh- <J)opM6iopo 10 ceHTaGpa 1942 roAa roBopHTCa: «3a 3T0 we speMa qaCTBMH CoBeTCKOft ApMHH 6blAH nOAHOCTbK) pa3rpoMAenH (yHHMTOJKeHO SoAee 70 npoueHTOB CoeBoro cocraBa) CAeAywuwe BpaxecKHe ahbh3hh: a) 1, 6, 8, 22, 24, 28, 50, 58, 62, 75, 79, 87, 113, 161, 168, 170... HCMeuKHe nexoTHue ahbh3hh». 38 cTpeAKOBaa a« bh3hh b 6oax 3a ykpaHHy b 1942 roAy noA- HOCTbK) yHH'ITO/KHAa TaK We 371 rHTAepOBCKyK) nexornyio ahbh- 3hk>. 3ra AHBH3Ha Ha coBeTCKo-repMaHCKHS cfipoHT 6biAa nepe- CpomeHa «eM«KKHM KOMaHAOBauaeMm 't’lpaauHH. B cooCmeHHH CoBHHipopMSiopo 20 hhoasi 1942 roAa roBopHAocb: *HeMeuKo-4iam«cTCKHe Bo&cxa Ha lore h b paflone BopoHewa Hecyr orpoMHue itOTepa. MHonae ahbh3hh, noAroTOBAeHHbie rax- AepOBOKHM KOMaHAOBaHiHeM AAH HacrytlAeHHH Ha COBeTCKO* repMaHCKOM (ppoHTe, mepeMOAoxbi, Hcxexaiox KpoBbio. THTAepoB- uh Tenepb BbmywAeHH bboahtb b 6ofi HOBbie ahbhshh, cneuiHO nepeCpacbiaaib BoiicKa c Apyrmx (Jipohtob h h3 rAyCoKOro THAa. B KOBUe hiohh xaxwe uphChah ,h3 Opanumi Ha cobctcko- repMaHCKHS ((ipoiiT 370, 371 a 377 nexoTiibie ahbhshh*. CaMue apane cxpaHKnu b Bcxopmo Ka3axcxaHcxofi 38 cTpeA- KOBofl ahbh3hh BmicaHbi b nepHOA o6opoHHTeAbHux h Hacxyna- 264
60tenbHHx <5oeB 3a CTaJiHHrpaa. 3aecb 6ofiubi, KOMaHaHpiJ h no- JIHTpa THHKH 3T0B AHBH3HH npOHBHJIH He&HAaHHblft repOH3M. B 6osix sa CTaJiHHrpaa 38 erpejiKOBaa ahbh31M noxpHJia ce6a HeMepKHymefl cjiaBofl. HanMnasi c 1 aBrycTa 1942 roaa, jihmhhS COCraB AHB.H3HH, npoSTBJIflfl WCKJIIO'IHTeJlbHOe MyateCTBO, CTOft- KOcn> h CeccTpaniHe, Beji HenpepbiBHue 6oh c rHTJiepoBuaMH. npHKpbiBaa noflCTynu k CTajiHHrpaay c wro-sanaAa, Haxoaacb b aKTHBHoft oCopone, jiHBHSHii H3MaTMBaJia a noflTa'T«Bajia chau spara, He nponycKaJia ero k fieperaM Bo-ira. B ahh caMoft rpo3- hom onacHocxH ana OraJuiHrpa.ua ahbhshh »e nponycrana hh ofluoro Bpara b Khpobckhh pafion ropona, KOTopuft npHKpuBa- jia. B 3tom pafloHe ®ce apewa ropao pa3BeBaaocb xpacHoe 3na- mh. 3aecb npoaojiarajiH (pyHKUHOHHpoBaTb 3aB0Abi h Maciep- CKHe, KOTOpbte npOH3BOAHJIH peMOHT TaHKOB. «B ceHTafipe, OKTaSpe a nepBofi nojiOBBHe Hoa6pa 1942 ro- Aa,— iroBopuTca b CoeBOM OTaere Jinnioro cocTasa ahbh3h,— AHBH3HH, 33HHMaa lHHpOKHfi yqaCTOK (J)pOHTa, npHKpblBajia noA- cTynbi k CTaJMHrpaAy c ioro-3anaAa. 3aecb Bpary we yaajiocb npoABHHyrbca Bnepea hh Ha mar. J\\hbh3hh npoiHO yaepscHBa- Jia cboh no3HUHH h He nponycTHJia Bpara k SeperaM Bojirn, H3M0Taaa ,h noATOHHJia ero CHjibi. 3a BpeMa ofiopoHU Ha aajibHHX h Oahhchhx noACTynax k CTajiHHrpaay Harnefi aacTbio 6buio noa- 6hto h cojKHteHo 120 TaHKOB, 19 SpoHeMamHH, 12 caMOJieTOB, 60aee 800 aBTOMauiHH, ao 1000 iioaboa, 90 opyAHii, MHOxecrao pyaHHX « cTaHKOBbix nyjieMeTOB, tfjiHMAaHcefi h a30tob. Buao HCTpefiAeHO ao 20 Tbicaa cojiast h ocpmrepoB npoTHBHHKa>.' H3MaTbiBaa Bpara, ahbh3hh BMecTe co BceMH BoftcKaMH OrajiHHrpaACKoro ippoHTa roTOBHjiacb k peuiaiomeMy HacTynae- HHK). 10 HiHBapn 1943 roaa BoftcKa .Hohckoto cppoHTa npHCTynHJia k .iHKBHAauHiH oKpyjKeHHoft noA CTajiHHrpaAOM HeMeuKo-iJia- urHCTCKofl npyrirrapoBKH boAck. fleflcTBya b cocTaBe HoHCKoro cjipoHra, 38 CTpeaKOBaa ahbh3hh ywacTBOBajia ib stoh onepaaHH. B nepBbiH »ce AeHb 6oh oHa npopBajia ch.h.ho yKpenjieHHyra no- Jiocy ofiopoHH 297 iraTAepoBcxoiS nexoTHofi ahbh3hh, c 6aaa ee c rocnoACTByK)u[Hx bucot <h c Cojjmh nouura BnepeA. 'IIpopbiB OCopOHbl aajl B03M05KH0CTb HaLUHM BOftCKaM, HaXOAHUlHMCH Ha npaBOM (Jwiaare, buShtb .npomwiHKa H3 yupemiemioft no.aocbi Ha BCeM 4>pOBTe. jjHBHSHH BHe3anHUM H CTpeMHTejIbHblM HOTOblM HacTymieHHeM 3axBaTHAa .pa3T>e3A BaocaprHHO h, npecJieAya oc- T3TKH OTXOAHIU'HX BOftCK npOT-HBHHKa, 33HHAa CTaHUHIO BopO- naHOBo. 26 HHBapa 1943 roAa ahbih3hh aTaKOBaaa nocjieAHufl oCopoHHTejibHbift py6e)K Bpara Ha 3anaAHoB oxpaHHe Ctbahh- UrAOP, ij). 544, on. I
rpaaa h »a njieiax npoTHBBHxa Bbimna x pexe Uapaua. B stot ace jenb oHa iMeHH.ua ociaTKH 297 <pamHCTCKo8 nexoTHofi ah- bh3hh BMecTe c ee iiroafioM a KOMaHAHpoM reHepa.i-waftopou <J>0H .flpeWepoM. B nocAeaywiirHe ahh AHBH3HH aejia yAHiHbie 6oh b CTa.iHHrpaje, y»H«ro»Haa rpynimpoBKy ^auiacrc®, ok- pyiKeHHyio b 3anaAHoft qacTH ropoaa, h no.iHOcn.io oHBCTHJiaot nponiBHHKa BopoiuHAOBCKHfi paicon ropoAa. TblCHlH COJIAaT H OlpHliepOB, ACCHTKH TaHKOB, CaMOJieTOB, COTHHBarOHOBH aBTOMafflHH, MHOJK6CPBO ApyrOTO.BOeHHOrOCHa- pasKeHHa h BoopyjxoHHa yHHiTOHCH.ia 38 crpejiKOBaa ahb«3Ha b 6oax 3a Cia.iHHrpaA. KoMaHAHp Aihbh3®h renepaA-Mafiop Ca- <j>nyAHH, xacaacb 9Toro STana OoeBhix AefiCTBHfi ahbh3hh, iih- «C 10 AXBapA no 4 i^CBpaan 6ea eAHHoro iaca OTAUxa ahcm H HO'lbK) Mbl rHajIH, yHHBTOJKaAH, TCCHHAH HeMACB. 3a BpeMfl niTypina mu npopsaAH Tpa yKpen.ieHHUX jihhhh npoTHBHHKa, a 21 BHBapa npopBajiH ofopoHy npoTHBHHKa na bcio ray6Hay h OBAaACAH yanoBofi CTaHUHefi — BoponaHOBO*.1 ripn.Ka30M HapoAxoro KoMHecapa OCoponu 38 CTpeAKOBaa AHBH3HH Cujia npeoSpasosaxa a 73 raaipAeficKyio CTpeaxoByio AHBH3HK), a no xoAaTafiCTBy oOmecTBeHHux opraHH3auHfi rop. Cia.iHHrpaAa ahbh3hu Oujio hphcbocho 3BaHne CiaAHHrpaA- srCraBHiirpaA 6uji 3a»aT0M HCMcuKo-^auincTCKofi apMHfl. nocjie CTaAHHrpaACKoro noCoama, nax hsb&ctho, HeM«bi He Mor- jih ysce onpaBHTbca*2 riocjie CTajiHurpaAa CoBeTcsan ApMns oKOHiaTeJibHo 3axBa- THaa HHHUHaTHBy 6oeBbix AeflcTBHfl b cboh pyKH h npoAQAacaxa pa3BHB3Tb hobth nenpcpuBHoe HacryruieHHe. B 6«TBe 3a CiaAHHrpaA coBepuiHAH CeccMepTHue noABHra AecaTKH thchi B0HH0B-Ka3axcTaHi(eB. O noflBBre KapcbiCaa. CnaiaeBa KOMaHAOBaime nacano ero poahum cjieAyiomee: «Kapcufiafi CnaxaeB y creH OTajiHHrpaAa BurneA no6eA«- TeAeM H3 repoHaecxoro eAHHofiopcraa c (pauracTaoiMH TaHxavra. rHTAepOBUN <5pOCHAH Ha HaUXH II03HUHiH 28 CpOHapOBaHHblX ay- AOBaiu. IIlKBaAbHuft oroab Bpana BbiBeJi H3 crpoa aecb pac- aer MHHOMeTa, 3a HdunoieHaeM tob. CnaTaesa. HocbiAafl Ha- BCTpeiy raTAepoBnaM MHHy 3a mhhoA, oh xpyiiiHA h CMeTaA hx OoeBhie nopaAKH. Ho bot 33moakah coceA»He pacaeTU, a y CnaTaeBa ocTanacb nocAeAHAA MHHa. Bpaaceciuifi tahk ABara-ien ■npAMo ua 6eccTpauiHoro MHHOMewHKa... Kapcu6afi CnaTaes c l <BojibuioBKK Ka3axcraaa», 1954. J6 9. ! CraaHa H. B. O BemKofl OTeaecTBeHHofi Bofiae CoeercKoro Cowa, 1951,CTp. 113. 266
Tepo# CoBeTCuoro Coio3a Kapcufia# CnaTaeo. noc.iexiHefi TaxceAofi mhhoh noineji na^cTpeiy TaHxy ih 'SpocHJica noil cra^ibHue ryceHHuu. Tanx He npouiea. AoSnecib, repofteTBo h fiecnpe^e.'ZbHaa npeAaHHoerb Poahhc KapcwSaa CnaTaesa, KaK 3H3MH lIOOeAbl, nOAHaJIHCb Hafl nO.ieM 6ofl H BAOXHOBJieHHbte ero 6-iaropoAHUM noABHroM fioflubi eme xpenae 6hjih no Bpary. 28 4)ainiHcro»HX t 3hkob He npouuin>. B 0T»eTHOM nncb.Me 3Qmui 5ikh repoa Kapcw6aa CnaTaeBa nx- cajiH KOManaoBaHHio aacTH: «C aejiHKoft ropjoctbio y3»ajiH mm H3 Bainero nHCbMa, aro Kapcbi<5aft CnaraeB yaocroeH sBawna Tepoa CoBercacoro Coi03a. Oh norn<5 Ha OoeBOM nocry, nperpa- AHA nyTb c|>auiHCTeKHM raHKaM. Kapcbifiaii iiocrynHJi Tax, xax AHKTOBa.no euy ayBCTBO naTpH0TH3Ma... Oh « e nocpawHA aecro cbohx AeA0B-6aTMpoB, CBoefl ceAoft MaiepH, BcnoHBtneft h
BCKopMHBtueft ero. KaK hh mejima Hauia cKopfib, wo KapcbiSasi Combine Her cpeaa Hac,— Hauia ropaocra 3a BepHoro chiHa h 6paTa Bbime KaparaycKax rop, bhahux OTOBcwjsy b HaimoBCKoS CTeaH. naaneT ^Kaxenap — Mara repoa, naaner h ero oxeHa Bh- OacHH. Ho 3to He TojibKo cjresbi neaaaa,— sto h cae3H ropao- «Mofi KapcbiSafl,— roBopHT >KaKenap,— He Hapymna 3aBera Hapoaa. He aapow a BwpacTHJia CTenHoro coxoaa. A moh apy- n ie cyHOBbJi-tppoHTOBHKH OToabiOT b CBHHeu MaiepHHCKoe rope h otomctht 3a KapcuCasw. Mbi npocHM Bac, aoporae KOMaHanpu, nepeaara BceM <5ofi- uaM Ka3axaM, bccm HaiuHM 3eM.iaxaM, cpaxaiomHMca noa 3Ha- MeHeM sauiefl vacm, npocToe KoaxoaHoe chobo: «ByabTe TaKH- MH, Kax MHHOMeT'IHK CnaTaeB, CKpOMHbIMH U Xpa6pblMH, npe3H- pawmHMH CMepTb. Toraa au saBoioeTe noGeay, Map a enacwe aaa KasaxcKoro Hapoaa, aaa »cex SparcKHX HapoaoB CoBercxoS CTpaHbIS.1 npa oTpasceHtra BpaxcecKofl araKH noa CraaHHrpaaoM naa cMepraio xpafipux KOMaHaap poTbi KOMMyracT AxpHMeHKO. Maen napxM tob. HcMaryaoB B3sa napraftHbiS 6mer naBmero TOBapama, noanaa ero .BBopx, ksk shbmh, h KpHKHya: — CMorpare, TooapHmH, norw6 Ham jiioShmuS KOMananp. Oh 6boi Co.ibineBHKOM h aoi3Hb cboio oiaaa 3a Poan«y, otom- cthm 3a nero! Bofiubi bo raaBe c HcMaryaoBHM, bwcoko aepxaBUiHM nap- THfiHbifi 6HJier KOMananpa, pwiyancb Ha Bpara h ot6poch.th tht- aeposueB c GojibuiHMH aaa mix noiepaMH. B i6oax noa CTaJiHHrpaaoM ynacTBOBaa 22 apTHaaepaficKHfl noax, KOTopaft c^opM-npoBaaca b KasaxcraHe. Jlaanufi cocrae 3Toro noaxa noxasaji n3yM«TeabHbie noaBHrw b HCTpeGaeHHH rHTaepoBCKHX TaHKOB. HaBoanHK EypreHfiaft BeftmernpoB HCTpe- 6hji 8 (JiatiiHCTCKHX TaHKOB h yHHiToxHa 3 opyana. HaBoaiHK JKaaabi6aft MeHxaeB — 2 TaHKa, cepwaHT J/paa CaMaKOB— 13 BpaacecKHX TaHKOB. Ilocae pa3rpoMa rHTaepoBueB noa CTaaHHrpaaoM 73 reap- aeiicKaa CTaaHHrpaacKaa CTpeaxoBaa « hm 3Hh yaacraosaaa b 6oax na KypcxoM h BearopoacxoM HanpaaaeHHax. KaK «3BecTHo, HeaaabHOBHflHoe rHTJiepoBCKoe KOMaHaosa- HHe, aa6bi inoaHara CBofi npecTHw, aeTOM 1943 roaa nomwaaocb B3sra peBarnn, HanaB cBoe HacTynjiemie b paflone Kypcxoft ay- th. B rHTJiepoBCKofl TepMaHHH 6biaa o6bSBaeHa «TOTaabHas mo- 6HaH3auHH». CocpeaoTOHHB orpoMHbie CHau b paftoHe Kypcxofl ayra, tht- «10)KHO-Ka3axcTaHCKaa npaBaa», 1943, 16 Hiojia. 268
jiepoacKoe KOMaHflOBaHHe bbcjio b 6oii hobhc TaJKejiwe 60-toh- hije TaHKH Tana «Tarp» h 70-TOHHbie caMoxoflHbie nyrnxH Tana «<t>epjiHHa«fl». HaiaBiueeca 5 wo.ia 1943 rofla apocrHoe aacryn- aenHe rKTJiepoBueB uepes 7— 10 AHeft, 12—16 hkwih 1943 roAa 6hi.TO JIHKBHAHpOBaHO. FIjlaHbl THTAepa He OCymeCTBHAHCb. Bu- AepacaB yAap orpoiiHoft chau a h3motab npoTUBHHKa, CoBeraxaa ApMHa nepem jia b kohtphaerynjienhe. « 4 to KacaeTca 'ftHTBbi noA KypcxoM,— 0TMeua.ii H. B. Cra- jihh,— To 'QHa OKOHiHAacb pa3rpoMaM AByx ochobhhx HacTyna- kjiahx rpynn HeMSAKo-ijiaiiiHCTCBHX bohcx h nepexoaoM Hamux BoftcK b kohtphacTynAeHHe, npeBpaTHBHieecn noTOM b Mouraoe AetHee HacTynjienae CoBeTcxoft Apmhh. BiiTBa noA KypcxoM Ha- qaaacb nacTyruieHHeM HeMueB Ha Kypcx c ceBepa h c rora. 3to 6biJia nocAeAHHa nonbrrxa neMueB ocymecTBHTb 6oAbmoe ueTHee nacTynA.eHHe a b cjiyuae ee ycnexa HaBepcTaTb noTepaHHoe. Ha- CTynAeHae oxoHUHAoeb, xax .HSBecrao, npoBajioM. CoBercxau Aip- mhh ne TOAbxo otSkhs HacrynaeHHe HeMueB, ho caMa nepeiujia b HacTynaeMHe h phaom nocaeAOBaTeabHux yaapoB b Teueane jieTHero nepnoaa OTCpocana HeMenKo-ipauiHcrcKHe Boftcxa aa JlHenp. Ecjih 6HTBa noA CTaAHwrpaAOM npeABeiuaaa 3axaT HeMeuxo- (jiaujHCTCKofi apMHH, to 6 htb3 noA KypcxoM nocTaBHJia ee nepeA KaTacTpo4)oB».‘ B 1943 roay 73 rBapaeftcxaa CTajiHHrpaAcxau .CTpejiKosaa AHBH3HH 6bi.aa cpeAH Tex coBercKHx bohhcbhx uacTeft, KOTOpbie AHKBHAHpOBaAH HIOAbCKOe HaCTyllAeHHe (JjainHCTOB, O KOTOpOM FHTAepOBUbl UjyMejIH H KOTOpoe Tax n030pH0 npOBaAHAOCb. B sthx Coax AHBH3HH BHaepaCajia oooSeHiio ojxecToueHHue 6oh c AByMH TaHKOBbIMH H AByMH EieXOTHblMH rHTJiepOBCKHMH AHBH3H- hmh, ocranoiBHAa hx AsHHceme Ha Boctok, He OTCTynHJia hh Ha inar Ha3aA- B nepBwe ahh uioubcxoro (1943 roa) HacTynaeHHa ruTAe- noBuen Ha Been Map npocJiaBHJica CaiaAbOH 73 raapAeflcKofl CrajHHrpaACKOH wpeAKOBofl ahbh3 »h, KOTopbiM xoMaHAOBaA rBapAHH xaimraH B. BeAbrnH. EaTajibon, cocToautufl jiouth ue- AHKOM H3 HAeHOB napTHH H KOMCOMOAbUeB, DOBTOpiHA tfeCCMepT- hu8 nOABHr repoeB-naH<J)HAOBueB. yTpo.M 6 hjoah 1943 ToAa « a py6e x , 3anHMaeMbifl fiarajibo- hom, ABHHyaocb oxoao nouxa Bpa*ecKoii nexoTbi noa aipaxpHTH- cm era TaaceAbix TaHKOB rnna «THrp». Kaiurrau BeabruH npa- xa3aa: «npHroroBHTbCH, BbicTosrrb h no6eAHTb». — B uctohm! — noKAHABCb rBapAeftubi. Pa3ropeacH oHcecToieHHbift ‘6ofi. P hah rBapaeftneB nopeAe-i i CiajiHH H. B. 0 BejiHKofl OTCTecTBeimoft soihie CoBercxoro Coiosa- 1951, crp. 113—114.
jih, ho yxe iiecKOJibxo acchtkob thhkob nujiaJiH y OKonoB xpa6- peuc®, 6o)iee naracoT Tpynos <j>auiHCTOiB ycesum no.ie cpaace- hhs. rHT.iepoBuu He BHAepscajiH noeAHHKa c cobctckhmh boh- h3mh, npHKpbiBaa cbom) nexoTy, noBepHyjiH o6pa™o. BcKope (paujHCTu CHOBa fipocMHCb b aTaxy. OflWHHaOTarb MaccHpoBan- him TaHKOBux aTaK otChjih rBapAefbutJ b 3TO yTpo, hoaBhb B 3T0M 6(WO 40 TflJKejIHX (BpaXeCKHX TaHKOB. B ncwiaeHb 70 6poHHpoB3HHbix MauiHH npopBaawcb na nepe- AOBHe jihhhh Cara^bOHa. 6 lacos noapafl ohh cynoxunm oko- nbr, no.iHBa.iH ropionefl cMecbio. Topejia 3eM.ia. Ho xax TOJibKO <J)aniHCTCKHe t3hkh npoxoAH.tii BiiepeA, raapflefau, o6ojK*eH- Hue, c nepHbiMH ot KonoiH jiHuaMH, bhobi. noaHMavMCb c aemm h BcrpenaaH Bpasxecxyio nexoiy mctkhm ryfiHTenbHtJM oraeM. H CHOBa B03Bpama.iHCb rHT.iepoBCKHe TaHXH, h CHOBa «yTX>*m- jim OKonbi. B stoiS HepaBHofl cxBaTKe noraCjio mhoto raapAeS- ueB. nornO h xanHTaH B. EenbrHH. Tepofl CoBeTCKoro CoHna reHepaA-nojhkobhhk tob. UIvmh.iob nwca.i: «€peAH mhohhx hmch repoeB hmchh KOHaHflKpa rBapaeS- CKoro SaTanbona TO®apHiita Be.ibiiHHa h ero Cofliios ocTaHyTca b Harneft naMHTH xax chmboji reapAeficxoro MyjxecTBa, ctoAkocth h BeaHHa&uiero caMonowepTBOBaHHH. JIpeaHpaa CMepTb, reap- aeflubi B. Be^brnna hh na mar He otouuih ot 3aHHMaeMoro py- 6e*a. OTBawHbiH oijiHuep, komshahp poTbi 3Toro 6aTaabOHa HabH- cob ao nowieAHeS MHHyTH pyxoBoami cbohm noapa3AeJieHHeM. UeAuft nac iJiamHCTcxiHft Tanx «yTK>HCHJi» ero oxon. Ho Myjxect- BeHHbiH ocjmuep He Tepa.i npHcyrcTBHn ayxa. IIoa Bpajxecxmi TaHXOM oh cnoxoHHo oTAaBa.i no TeJieiJ)OHy npHxa3aHHH. ryce- HHUbi 60-tohhoto CTa.ibHoro ayAOBama oceaajra ace HH*e h « h- wie, h xoraa ohh xocHyjwcb fiibacoBa, ero nocaeAHHMH cvroBa- mh, CKa3aHHbiM« no TeJiepony 6uiih «ioBa: «npomy CHHTaTb MeHH XOMMyHHCTOM».' B 3tom 6ox) xoMMyHHCTbi noxa3biBa.iH ofipaanbi MyjxecTBa h oTBarH. Oahh H3 TaHXOB HanpaBHAca Tyaa, rAe jiexam 38 pa- Henux 6ohuob. riapTopr 6aTa.ibOHa ajiMa-amseu CymxoB boc- KAHKHyji: «fl cnacy Bad* Becb H3paHeHHbiS, HcrexaiomHA xpoBbK), oh, npeB03Morax MynHTejibHyx) 6ojib, auSpajica H3 oko- na h ycTpeMHJica HaBCTpenyTanxy. JIioOhmcu 6aT8AbOHa napropr CymxoB c rpanaTaMH b pyxax cMejio (SpocHAca noA CTa.ibHue ryceHHim h ueHoft CBoefi *H3hh cnac TOBapamefi ot HeMHiiyeMoA rnfieAH. flocjie 3Toro Boa MHorwe Mo.ioAbie Cofiubi hsmbhah ro.paaee 1PyKonucb tBoeeofi nyn. raapflefineo CTaararpSAa*. xpaHamanca B To- cyaapciaeHHOM apxaee Ka3CCP. 270
xenanne BCTynMTb ® psiau KoMMyHHcraqeaKofi napTHH. Ohm nn- cann: <Mu xothm o-roMCTHTb 3a TOBapHiua CyaiKOBa. y Hero mu Gyaew yHHTbCH repoH3My h oTBare>. B pa3rap .wojibCKnx 6oeB jihbh3hh nonyanaa TeaenpaMMy ot q.ieaa Boem oro CoBera BopoHexccKoro (ppoHTa reHepaa-.\\iaft- opa H. C. XpymeBa: cFIepeflafiTe moA np«BeT,— irncaa oh,— BCeM 60HUaM H KOMaHaHpaM. MU aOBOabHH BaillHMH aeilCTBHHMH no ymtHTOJKeHHK) BpajwecKHx cojiaar h ocfwuepoB h tcxhhkh. )Kc.iaeM BaM aanbHefhiiHX ycnexoB*. 3a My>KecTBO h orBary, sa orjiHqHue fioeBue aeiicTBHH noa CrajiHurpaaoM h EearopoaoM 73 rsapaeflcKan CrajiHHrpaacKaa aHBH3Hfl nHTb pa3 3ac.iyw>HBaaa CaaroaapHocTb raaaHoro Ko- maHaoBaHHH. 7 500 fioihjoB, cepacaHroB « oijwuepoB HarpawaeHU MeaaaaMH h opaeHaMH CCCP, 27 npocaaBaeHHUM bohhbm aH- BH3HM npHCBOeHO 3B3HHO FepOH CoBeTCKOrO C0K)3a. BaTajIbOHy B. BeabrHHa 6uao npHCBoeHo HaHMeHOBamie TepoHnecKoro. Becb jiHHHufl cocTaB SaTajibOHa 6hji HarpawaeH opaeHaMH h Me- aaaaMH CoBercKoro 'Cora3a».' Hepeftaa b nacrynaemie, 73 rBapaeScKaa CianHHrpaacKaa aHBH3Hfl Ha OaHOM H3 yqaCTKOB 4>P°HTa MOIUHWM yaapOM OT6po- cnaa rHTaepoBueB 3a CeBepHuS Ronea a b thjkcjiux ycao- bhjlx, Koriaa Bpar yx e ycnea saKpeiurrbCH Ha mpaBOM Sepery, Ha 3apaHee noaroroBaeHHUx pyfiewax, (popcHpOBaa pexy. MeTp 3a MerpoM noattHMaaHCb raapaefluu Ha EearopoacKHe xpy>ra h 5 aBrycTa 1943 roaa, cmhb apara, BMecTe c apyreiMH qacrsMH CoBercKoft A pmhh, HacTynaBuiHMH c cenepa, sopBaancb b Bea- ropoa. CBurne tmch'ih raapaefiueB-Ka3axcTaHueB 3a repoH3M, npoHB- aeHHuft b 6ohx noa Bearopoacoa, 6uao HarpaxaeHo opaenaMH h MeaanHMH COCP. B ahh THJKeaux <5oeB HenpepuBHo pocaH nap- THHHaji h KOMCOMoabCKaa opraHH3auHHrBapaeficKoii 73 Ct 3jihh- rpaacKoft CTpeaKOBofi aHBH3HH. «ToAbKo 3a aae Heaean CoeB Ha Kypocoft ayre 400 rBapaeirueB ahbh3kh BCTytiHAH b naptHio ji 600 neaoBeK b komcomoji>2. Flocae pa3r.poMa raTaepOBCKofl rpynnwpOBKH noa Eearopo- aoM 73 rBapaeficKaa CTaaHHrpaacKan CTpeaKOBan ahbh3Hh b ■iHcae apyrnx cooeTCKHx ahbh3hh ycTpeMH.iacb k XapbKOBy. y XapbKOBa— BTopofi ctoahhu y«panHCKofi C O P — caaBHue rsapaeimbi, pa3BHBan nenpepuBHoe CTpeMHTeabHoe HacTynaeHne, B3aoMaa« rayCoKO 3ineao»npoBaHiiyio oGopoHy rHTaepoBues h. Teens apara Ha 3anaa, 24 ceHTstOpa 1944 roaa BbiiuaH k ZlHen- ' PyaonHCb «BoeBoii nyn> raapaefiiieB CTajnmrpaaa*, xpaHsraiaaCH b ro- cyaapcTBCHROM apxHBe Ka3CCP. » cEojibmeBHK KaaaxciaHa*, 1945, /* 11. 271
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Tepofl CoseTCKoro Coi03a MapificK1MaMpaeB Cojibiuoft ypon b jkhboA cnae .h TexHHKe. A.TH.\\i6eTOB nncaji no- TOM CBOHM Jpy3bHM-3eMJIHKaM EoCTaHaHKCKOrO paHOIia IO/KH0- Ka3axcTaHCKoft o6jiacTn: « y Mena b cepaue 6buia Po,HHHa» Pacm upaa naanaapM Ha npaBofiepewbe JlHenpa h Tecua ruTaepoBUCB ot ero SeperoB, 73 juapaeficKaa CTaJiHurpaacKaa dpeaKOBaa ahbh3iih ynopHO npoaBHrajiacb Ha 3anaa. rBapaeii- Wbi-Ka3axcTaHHbi ocBo6o.an.iin cBbnue 300 iiaceaeHHbix .nyHKTOB npaao6epe)KHOH yxpaHHH. 3 a oTJiH'iHbie 6oeBfaie aeficTBHa 3a Becb nepnoa bohhm 73 rBapaeflcKoft CTaJiiHHTpaacicoft 'CTpeaKOBofi ahbh3sih 16 pa3 o6i>- HBasuiacb OjiaroflapnocTb BepxoBHoro Tji aiBHOKoman,nyK)wero CoBeTeKOH ApMHH. H3 ee paaoB Bbmi.no 50 Ka3axcTaHueB — Fe- poeB CoBe-rcKoro Coio3a. Cpeaii hhx — ABawaw Tepofl Cobct- 18-695 273
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rae H3 hhx 3a xpatfpocTb h MywecTBO noxywwH Bucoxae npasH- T&ribCTBeHHbie HarpaaH — opaeua h MeaaaH Coio3a CCP». B caMoe HanpasKeHHoe aaa JleHHHrpaaa speMH 6aaTHHau cxoahjih c Kopafi.iefi « BMewe c iacre mm Co®ercxo0 Apmhh, onoscaHHue nyaeMeTiihiMH aemaMH, Bocxpemaa caaBHue ahh 1918—1919 roflOB, Spocamcb b xeeroKHe cxBaisa c BparoM. Hx noaocaTue Te.ibHsmiKH, aepHue SyuiJiaTU HasoaHaw yacac «a (j>auiHCTC»Hx H3BeproB. «MepHue awreojm, lepHaa cMeprua— TaK 3Ba.Tii HeMUbl MopaxoB-SaxTHiimeB. Becnofi 1943 ro/ia xopaCAH Ba.wHftcKoro <|>JioTa hh oahh pa3 BcrynaxH b 6om c BoeHHUMH xopaCaaMH npoTHBBflxa. B 3inx MOpCKHX CpajKeHHHX B BHCJie JipyTHX BOHHOB OTJIHTH.IHCb XaKJKe Moaoaue KpacHcw)u!OTUbi-Ka3axCTaKiibi. B OKTfffipe 1943 roaa Mopaxw KpacH03Ha.\\ieaHoro xpeScepa «K«pos» HHcajiH xoMcoMoabuaM KaaaxcraHa: «Mu, Mo.ioflue BpacHoiJi.TOTUbi-KOMCoMoabUbi, m.ie.M saxi, xoMcoMMbuaM h mojiomxh poaHofi Kasaxcxofi pecnyfi.iiiKH, Ham fioeBoii xpacHOijMioTCKHfi npHBer... flocuaaa nac iia 3a- mHTyOreiecTBa, bh flajiii HaMcrporHfi Haxa3— «fiHTb Bpara Ha- BepHaxa, aparbca c oparoM ao nocaeaHero auxa»na, ao nocaea- Hefl xan.iiH xpoBH, yMHoacan> fioeBue aeaa MopaxoB-KHpoBueB*. Cefliac mu roroBHM ce6a x peiuaiomHM cpaweHHHM iia bo- aax ceaofi BaaTHKH, 3Haa, tto Bnepean eme osKecToieiiHue xpo- BonpoaHTHue cpaateuaa. Mu b sthx cpanoeHnsix He apoiHCM. Ecjth noHaaofiHTca, to bo hmh Poahhh oTaaaHM cboh Moaoaue * h3hh... Mu BepHM b name npasoe aeao, b naiuy nofieay*.1 3to ofiemaHHe He ocranocb nycTUMH caoBaMK. Ka3axcraH- UU-KHpOBKH BHnO.THH.1H Haxa3 JleHHHCKOrO KOMCOMOJia Ka3ax- cTana, ohh apaancb c ©paraa yMeao h xpa6po, noxasaB 6e33a- BeTHyio npeaaHHOCTb couHaaucTHiecxoS PoaHHe h KoMMyHHCTH- TeacoH napTHH. Totho Taxxe cawooTBepsxeHHO h MyatecrBeHHO cpascaaHCb c aparoM nocaaHuu xoMcoMoaa Ka3axcraHa h Ha 6oeBUx xopa&iax CeBepo-Mopcxoro BoeHHoro cjwoTa. « y CTe© repoHiecxoro JleHHHnpaaa Ka3axcTaauu noaca3aaH cbok) ropfliyio jixjfioBb x coBercxofl PotaHHe, roTOBHocrb 3am«- rnaTb ee ao nocaeaaeno lauxaHHH. BypaH HceH6aeB, ofoasaB- umcb rpaHaiaMH, jipohhx bo Bpa*ecxoS ji30t. LUhoio co6ctb6h- Hoft XH3HH OH rpaHBTBMH B30pBa.7 MOIIlHyiO OTHeByiO T0TKV H 28 BpaixecxHx co^flaT h oiJinuepoB».2 BeccMepraue noflBHrH b 6ohx 3a JleHMHrpaa coBepuiHJi-H cnaBHue floiepH Kaaaxcxoro Hapoaa Mamuyx MaMeroaa u Anna MoJiflary.ioBa. Ohh cTaan nepBUMH TepoaMH CoBeicxoro Coio- 1Apim Ka3<|iHmiaaa HMJI. UK JIKCMK, cb. 24, n. 16, a. 126. 2 ApxHBKaa^HTOaaa HMJI, $. UK JIKCMK, cb. 24, a- 18,a. 118. 280
Tepofi CoBCTcKoro Coio3a Cy.uah EaiiMaraN&TOB 3a cpeiw weHiUHH CoBeTCKoro Bocroxa. Be.raKii5 noasiir co- sepuiH.i y CTeH /IemiHrpaaa Tepofi CoBeTCKoro Coioaa Cy-tran BafiMaraMfieTOB, noBTopiiBumfl no^BHr A.iexcaHapa MaTpocoBa. Cnacaa Cohuob pom, meawiix b aTaxy, oh 6pocn.icH Bnepea c xpHKOM «3a poflHiiys — npaxpua rpyabio aM6pa3ypy Bpaixe- cxoro fl30Ta.' B jiHCTOBxe TjiaBHoro no.iHTHiecxoro ynpaBJieHHH Boopy- HteHHMX chji CoBeTexoro Coxj3a, nociBsimeHHofi aofijiecTHOMy cw- Hy xa3axcxoro iiapoaa Tepoio CoBeTexoro Coio3a CyjiTaiiy Bafi- MaraMOeroBy, roBopHTCa: «Ha C,HHHB«HO-MrHHCKOM yqaCTxe JleiiHHrpaacxoro cppoHTa, rae pOTa jieiiTeHa«Ta IIoHOMapesa Bejia HacTyiuieHne, nnviepoB-i JI, jli ApxiiB KaaijjH.niia.ia HM 708. ca. 294. j. 1130. 59. 281
km HaBejiH oroHb «3 nyjieMeToB, ycTaHOBJieHHHX b iraore. C6h- Heu jiHBHeM najjan Ha nwiOBhi 6oSuob, « ohh BHHyacaeHu 6buia CyjnaH BaflMaraM(5eTOB noncui3 snepea c rpaHSTaMH b py- Kax. OauracTfj, 3aMeTHB ero, ycnjrajiH ny^eMeraufl oroHb. Ho Cy.naH oMC.no npn6.T«3nJica k fl3oiy h sa6poca.i ero rpaHara- mh. ripo3By>iaa CHraaji k araxe. Boftmu noaHsancb. B arc Bpe- mh 3acTpoTO/iH nyjieMeibi apyroro TiuaTeJibHO 3aMacxHposaH- Horo B30Ta. Ho y CyjrnHa He 6uao rpanaT. Oh mt/itn, xto b aM6pa3ype asora .iHxopaaoTOO apoacaa qepHufi ctboh nyaeMe- Ta, cen Boxpyr pacxajienHbiM cbhhixom cMepTb. CyaiaH 3na.i b HacryiuieHira ueny xawaoft MHHyTH, fincTpo ora»Hy.iCH Ha to- BapHmefi m MrHOBeHHo peuiHJi, hto HyxoHO 3acra®HTb Bpa*e- acH0 nyaeMer 3aMonHaTb. Mm topo, ito6u oimcth *H3Hb cbohx OoeBHx TOBapHiuen h He aare 3axae6Hyn>ca Haraefi aTaxe, Cy-naH BafiMaraM6eT0B Sucrpo noanoji3 x BpawecxoMy a30Ty h c xpHEOM: «3a PoaHHy* noanaacH bo aecb poCT. C Bbicoxo noaHBTHMH pyxaMH cm ynaji anepea h npaxpaa co6ofi aM6pa- 3ypy aaoTa. OBoefi rpyabio oh nperpaana nyre BpaxecxoMy jihbhio pac- xa.-reHHoro CBHHua h cnac jkhshh mhoohm ‘obohm TOBapumaM. Otpmiep HBaH Ojihhxob fipoCHJi xah i: «3a naprax),' Bnepea!* Bofiau fipocHJWCb b aTaxy. CyaiaH BaftMaraMCeTOB noBTopHa noasiir ipyccxoro BOHHa xoMcoMoabua AaexcaHapa MarpocoiBa. Oh noxasaa, hto Toaiaco weaoBex bhcokoA MopaaH, xeaoBex 6oabiuoro « xacToro cepa- ua, qeaoBex, BOcnHTamibi0 Ha oeaHXHX naeax aeHHHH3Ma,— co- BeTcxH® bohh— cnoco6eH, He pa3ayMUBaH oTaaTb cbok> *H3Hb bo hmh cnaceHiHH Tosapniueft no opywHio, bo hmh ocBoOowueHHs JIK)6hMO0 COBeTCKOft C/THH3HbI>. CoBeTcxoe npaBHTeabCTBO nocMeprao npHCBOHao CyaTaHy 5aflmara.viSeToey 3Ba.HHe Tepoa CoBeTOKoro Coiosa. Ero hmh HaBeiHO 3aHeceHo b cnncox jiHHHoro coCTaBa noapasaeaeHHa, b xotopom oh cjiyxow. Ko.ixo3hhkh xoaxo3a «KoHHabi-Aram» CeMHoaepHoro paflo- Ha KyCTaHaScxofl oCaacTH, rae poaHaca Ba0MaraM6eroB, co6pa- a « 100 Tbicaa py6ae0 Ha crpoHTeabCTBO Taaxa mmchh Tepoa CoBeToxoro Ooxwa BaftMaraMfieroBa. y crew BeaHxoro ropoaa JleHHHa B0HHbi-Ka3axcTamibi noxa- 3aaH MHOixecTBO npHMepoB MyxeCTBa, OTsarn h repoasMa. Hcto- xh 3Toro repoH3Ma npexpacHo bckputu b mx nacbMe x xa3axcxo- My Hapoay. BoHHH-»a3axcTaHUhi JleHHHrpaacxoro 4*poHTa rat- caan TpyaauiHMca Ka3axcTana: «B *ecTOxo0 cxBaTxe c sparoM Hac BfloxHOBHaei Ha repoM3M h OTOary BeaMxaa ocBofioaHTeabHaH ueab OrenecTBeHnoO boAhu.
CBeuihie o6pa3bi repoeB-naHc[>HAOBU.eB, OeccMeprHue noABHrii TepoeB CoBeTCKoro CoK>3a TyjiereHa ToxTapoBa h Majiaioa ra<5- jxynama h MHornx Apyrnx yiaT Hac MyxecTBy h CeccTpamaio. CaMOOTBepHceHHuft rpyia sam, roBapHum, bo cjiasy P oahhu, bo hmh noCeAbi Has HBHaBHCTHbiM »paroM 30BeT Hac Bncpea, Ha hobmc noARurn. M u 3HaeM, mto coBeTCKHft KaaaxcraH b r-iygo- kom Tuay HsaaeTCa MoryiHM apceHaJioM, CHa6JKaiomnM P oah- Hy H COB(?TCKyK) ApMHIO BCBM HeoSxOAHMblM. HOA CTGH3MH JleHHHrpa^a mh cahuthm oryx oTfSoftnoro moaotk3 b KaparaH- Ae, C.nblUJHM, KaK 6bIOT IpOHTaHbl 3M6eHCKOfi HeipTH. B KajKAOM CHapaAe, pa3pbiBaiomeMca naa roJioBaMH rHT.iepoBiieB, b xaw- AOft nyjie, nopawaiomeii Ha citiepTb (JjaiiiHCTCKHX Oshahtob, omy- macM aoahd Bauiero rpyAa... M u 3HaeM, HTO HaM MOKHO He OTASIAblBaTbOB Ha3aA c TpeBO- roft iHSecnoKoScTBOM. Haza t h a — sto Hama Moryniaa onopa! PyKa 06 pyxy c ksuihmh GparbHMH pyccKHMH, rpy3HH3MH, yKpaHHuaMH, K»prH3aMH, SeviopyccaMH, y36enaMn h ApyrHMH HapoaaMA Hauiero BeAHKoro CoBencxoro Coiosa mh 6yAeM ApaTbca c HeHaBHCTHbiM BparoM Tax, KaK Apajiucb mHorne re- poa CoB-ercKoro Coio3a. Be-WKa Hatua HeHaBHCTb k rxTAepoBCKHM saxsaTHHKaM. Mh HeHa'BHAHM !HXinOTOMy, HTO AK»6HM >KH3Hb, JI10<iHM CBCHOCBOCOA\" Hyio coBeTokyro PoA«Hy, cbo& poAHoft KasaxcTaH*.1 B 6ohx sa ocBo6oKAeH«e coBeTCKoft 3eMAH or HeMeu/KO-tpa- uihctokhx 3axBaT<MKOB npocAaBHAHCb h ACByniKH Ka3axcraHa. Miiorne W3 hhx Af)fiPr,°nT1''Bo o-nyB*nAn b paAax CoBeTCKoft Ap- Aahh MojiAaryAOBa cpascaAacb c neMeuxHMH oxxynaHTaMH Ha JleHHiirpaACKOM (ppoHTe. Bo BpeMsi nacTynaTeAbHHX 6oeB b pafioHe ceBepHee Hcmo-CoKOAbHHKOB (14— 19 AHBapH 1944 ro- Aa) CaTaAbOH, b kotopom CAyjKHAa A ahh MoAimaryAOBa, nojiy- HHA npHKa3 33HHTb AepeBHK) Ka3aT»HBH H OTpe3aTb HCeAe3H0A0- pOJKHyiO AHHHIO HOBO-COKOAbHHKH-- /(HO. BaTaJTbOH nHTaACH OBAaAerb AepeBHeii, no, BCTpexeHHbift yparanHUM omeM nporHB- HHKa, BHHyjKAeH 6ha oroflrH. KorAa CaraAbOH cHOBa nouieA b aTaKy, MoAAaryAOsa € B03rA*acoM «3a PoAHHy!» OpocHAacb Bne- peA, yEAeKan 3a coOoft OoftuoB, h nepBaw BopBaAacb b HeMeu- KHe TpaitiueH. MoAAaryAOBa 3acTpeAHAa 10 <}>auiHCTOB. Ha BTopofi A©Hb 6oft npoAOAHcaACH. Aahh MoAAaryAoaa H3 b-hhtobkik yO'HAa 12 rHTaepoBueB. HoibKD MoA'flaryAOBa inshmujia xeJianne nofi-rn b pa3BeAKy. KoMaHAiip BHAeA, KaK OHa ycTaAa, ho komcomoakh 6buia Tax HaCTOfiHWBa B CIBOeM .pemeHHH, HTO HeAb3H 6HAO eft OTKaSaTb. i <0 t3h Ky3eriHAe» («Ha crpa*e Poahhh»), 1943, 11 anpeaa. 283
Tepo® CoBeTCKoro Coiosa Anna MoJiaaryaoBa. BMecre c rpynnoft 6ofiiios OHa yrnjia b pacnonoiKemie Bpara h fibicrpo o6Hapy*HJia neMeuKHfi mhhomst, CTpeaflamaii no Ha- inhm 6oem,iM nopMKaM. Tihxohmco noflKpaJiacb Amu Monaary- aoBa k MnnoMery. JIobkhm GpocKo.M Memyna Quay, apyryio rpa- HaTy h yHH'noJKH.ia pacieT. A yueiemnero oifmepa B3sma b nneH h npmena k cbohm. ZlneM paaropenca hobuh 6oft. fle- aaTb paa poTa orpawa.ia aTaxn, rnmepoBUM uijih nenwo, Anna H3 CHafinepoKofl bhhtobkh uioocomho Bena npmiMbHuii oroHb no Bpary, yaowHB 28 ([lauiHCTOB. OHa He BunycKana bhhtobkh h Toraa, Koraa ockojiok mihhh boanon eii b pyscy. Oaa npoflojwca- aa CTpeaaTb a Toraa, xoraa onTHnecKHH npaueji 6hji pa3fiHT. CaMa nepeB«3ajia ce6e paHy h cMeHHJia BHHTOBKy Ha aBTO- MaT. 284
BblJIO HpHK33aH0 LUTypMOM 3aXB3THTb onopHbifi nyHKT Bpa- ra. H Toraa .ie>Kaisiiine b uen« yc.nbiiua.iH 3bohkhA rojioc ae- ByinBH: «Ka3axH, 6paTbB, 3a mhoA! Bofiubi BopBajiHCb b onopwfaifi oyHKT. Pa3ropaqeHHan Ajihh inaa ace Bnepea a Bnepea. Eiue 8 ronyiepcmcKHx 6a«aHTOB naan ot ee nyjib. HeoxcwaaHHO rHTJiepoBCKHft <xj>auep cxb3thji Ajihkj 3a <by- 4>aflKy. Ona Bbjp®aaacb u ManpaaiiJla aBTOMar b ero rpyiab. Ho $amwcT BHCTpejiH.i nepBMM. C\\iepTejibHo paHeHan Ajihh aa.ia a-THHHyio o«ie.peab H3 aBTOMaTa. 3 to 6bia nocjieawHA DHTaeposeu, ydiiTuH aeByutKoft’CoaiaaTOM. repoHaecKaa aoni. KaaaxcKoro Hapoaa Ajihh Moaaaryjitraa 3a npoHBJieiiiioe MyxecTBO >h xpaSpocTb 6ujia Harpaxtaeiia opae- hom «CjiaBu». yKa30M npesHanyMa BepxoBHoro CoBeTa CCCP ot 4 hiojih 1944 roaa eiJipefiTopy Aane Mojiaary.ioBoft nocMepT- ho npOHCBoeHO 3Ba-HHe Tepon CoBeroKoro CoK>3a. CoaaaTbi CaraJibOHa, rae cjijtkhjia 9Ta OTBaxnaa komcomoji- Ka, 'nacajiH TpyaniHMMCn Ka3axcTa«a: «Ajthh MojiaaryjioBa cjiy*HJia b Hauieft nacTH. B poTe HeT hh oaHoro HejioBeKa, KOTopufi 6bi He itomhhji ee h He mcthji sa CMepTb aeByuiKH. Kax JKHBan, ctoht OHa y Hac nepea rjiaaaMH — HexcHan, cepbesRan, SeccTpauiHan « 6010 h saSoTJiHBan b noBce- aHeBHOii OOJiaaTCKOfl JWH3HH. Mbl MMHHM, C K3Ko8 JIIOfiOBblO OHa roBopHjia o poaHOM Ka3axcTa«e, o 'Oojibhiom OyayiueM Ka3ax- CKoro Hapoaa. Mu 3Haau ee Meiry — inocBHTHTb cboio hohshb erne So.ibuicMy pacraeTy poaHoro icpan. Pacc«a7K«Te 06 stoA 3aMeiaTeJibHOfl aeByuiKe BceM KasaxcranuaM, nycrb ohh 3itai0T h ropaaTCH CBoeft BepHofl aonepbio, OTaaBiueA cboio jkh3hb 3a ciacTbe poatHOfi 3eMJi«».' ropaocTbio Ka3axcxoro Hapoaa HBJineTCH KoMCOMOJixa-nyjie- MeTHHiia MawinyK MaMeTOBa. Pounaacb OHa h Bbipocjia np« Co- BeTCKoft BJiacTH, ee BocnHTbrnaji nnoHepcKHft oTpaa h /IeHHHCKtiH KOMOOMOJI. BoJibHan aoHb K33axcTbhckhx creneA, KOMco.MOJiKa MaHuiyx MaMeTOBa c nepBUX aHeft BejtHKoA OTeneCTBeHHOH boAhm Men- Taaa noftTH Ha cj>poHT. He pa3 OHa noaasaaa 3aiHBjieHHe b paftoH- huS BoeHHbiii KoMHCcapwaT. hto6ij ee 3aancjiHJw ao6poBoabiieM b pniabi KpacHoft ApMHH. «Moe Mecxo TaM, rae «ayT 6oh c Bpa- roM,— roBopHJia ManuiyK MaMeTOBa,— a xony coScTBewHbiMH pyxaMH 3amHiuaTb caoSoay eBoero Hapoaa*. B ceHTH6pe 1942 roaa 3aBenHoe xceJiaHHe aeByuiKH HcnoJiHHJiocb. OHa noexaaa Ha 4>P°ht. 1 «OiaH KyseriHae* («Ha cTpase Poahhm»), 1944. 25 Maa. 285
fepofi CoBCTCKoro CoK>3a MaHinyic MaHetOBa. MamuyK MaMeroBa peinwia craTb iryjieMeriHueft. PeBHOCTHo B3ajiacb oHa 3a H3yieHMe nyaeweTa. BcKope ee nepesexH b CTp&rTKosyio iacTb h npHCBOH.iH eft 3Ba«He CTapuiero cep*aHTa. CnycTa neMiioro BpeMemi ManiuyK MaMeriiBa npHHS.ia nep- 8oe SoeBoe xpemeHHe. THMeponuM ocaTaHeao HannpaJiH Ha nepeaHHft Kpaft cobctckkx boAck. B peiuHTejibHyw MHHyry 60s K>Haa nyaeMetiHua, noanycTHB (JiauiHCTOB Ha 6.ni3Koe paccros- HHe, o6pyuiHJia Ha hhx oroHb CBoero «MaiccHMa». Tax Ha>ia.iHCb <t>poHTo®bie 6y.iHn MojioAoft Ka3auiKH. B pa3- BeflKe, b 6010 ManuryK MaMeTOBa HeH3MeHHO Cm a Bnepeaa. Ee TOBapHUtH-fioftllU H3yMJIH-1HCb TOft BH/iepiHKe H y'MeHblO, c KaKHMH nepeHocHJia TpyaHocTH noxoAHoft jkh3hh 3Ta Ma.ieHb- 286
Kan JKH3HepaaocTHas< neByinKa. B caMue Taweahie MHHyTu yMeJia nofl6oapHTb GoeBbix apy3efi oece-ioii myTKofi, aacKOBUM cvzobom, CBoeH Bepoii b npexpacHoe Gyaymee. MaHiuyK MaMeTOBa nnca.ia CBoeft Matepa b aaaeKHft Ka3ax- ct3h: cH axow ycb Ha nepeaoBoft c nyaeMeTOM. 3opKo caeacy 3a (J>PHUaMH. H oibio nOITH He JIpHXOAHTOH CnaTb. C efilac *H3Hb iiom.ia Beccjiaa, BeaeM pacnaary c c|)aiiiHCTaMH orneM cbohx opy- aHii. Ecji.h He omHgatocb, to na sthx ahhx noftaeM aaabiue Bne- pea». B ropjnme jwu HacTynaieabHbix 6oeB Ha KaaHHHHcxoM (ppon- Te ManiuyK MaMeTOBa BCTymuia b psau KoMMyHHCTH'iecKoii napTHH. C KawabiM aneM pocao incao yGHTux aeByuiKoft rHTaepoB- ueB. Caoefi oTBaroft, BbiaepwKoft h CoeBbiM MacrepcTBOM oHa noaaBaaa npHMep apyrHM GofruaM. Bo speMfl Goes 3a HeBeab, noraa MaaiuyK MaMeTOBia orHesi CBoero nyaeMera KOCHaa paau rirraepoBiieB, (pauiHCThi noaBepr- jih nyaeMeT Manuiyx Ma.M-eTOBOft apocraoMy MHHOMeTHOMy 06- cTpeay. H o otBaxHaa nyaeMeTHHua xaaanowpoBHo h MyaiecT- bchho npoaoaacaaa Bee™ oroHb no Bpary. — /lepacHCb, MaHuiyx! — cwoSpaiome KpH^aan efl GoeBbie apysbH. Pa3aaaca B3pbra mhhu. nyaeMeT oTdpocnao b CTopoHy, ae- ByiiiKa noTepaaa C03*aHHe, ockoakom ee paHHao b rojioBy. 3 thm xoTeaM BocnoabaoBaTbca rHTaepoBUH — ohh GpocHancb b cto- poHy nyaeMeTHHuu. Ho MaHinyn yw e npmuaa b ceGfi. 3aMeTHB npHGaHHcaBiuHxcsi Bpawecwnx coaaaT, OHa nonoa3aa k cBoe»iy nyaeMeTy, KOTopafi oxa3aaca b HenpaBHoem Mepe3 HecKoabxo cexyHa aaHHHoft nyaeMeTHoii oHepeawo MaHiuyK 3acrraBHaa rm- aepoBiieB oTcrynHTb. noTepsi KpoBH h MytrareabHaa 6oab He ocTaHOBHaH Myacecr- BeHHyio nyaeMeTfHuy. OHa nepetamHaa «MaKOHM» Ha Goaee Bbiroanyio oraeByio iio3huihio h npoaoaiKaaa KpyuiHTb Bpara. CofipaB nocaeawne CHau, yMHparaiuaa MaHuiyK MaMeTOBa noa- aepasHBaaa oraeM csoero nyaeMera eoBeTCKHX nexoTHHueB, pn- nyBUinxcsi b aTaiKy. 3a MyjKecrso h rept>H3M, npoHsaeHHbie b 6ok>, nyaeMeTHime MaHiuyK MaMeroBofl y»a30M npe3HasiyMa BepxoBHoro CoBera Coi03a C'CP ot 1 MapTa 1944 roaa nocMeprao npHCBoeHO 3Ba- HHe Tepoa CoBeTdKoro Coioaa. HMeneM ManuiyK MaMeTOsofi TpyaawHecsi Heaeaa Ha3Ba«TH oajiy m3 yjiHu ropoaa, 3a ocBoGoxiaeuHe KOToporo repoHiecxaH aeByuixa oTflaaa cboio *H3Hb. CxoabKO tbkhx cKpoMiHbix repoHHh snaeT Hama crpaHal Cor-
hh cM&Jihix, OTBaxHHx AeByuiea•KasaxcTaHa c opyxaeM b py- Kax cpawajiHCb Ha (ppoirrax BmukoR OreiecTBenHoft boBhh. IUiypMan, reapAMH nefiTenatiT flocnanoBa, caena.na 300 6oe- BbiaeTOB. 300 pas OowOH-ia BpawecKHe Boficxa Ha KaBKase, b KpbiMy, b CeBacTonoae. HecaoAbKo pa3 oha noayaaaa Oaaro- aapHocTb ot KOMaMflOBamsi h HarpawAeHa opaeHOM Kpacnoft 3Be3flH h opaeHOM OTeiecraeHHofl borhh II cTeneaa. Hecs-ncH tljchh cobctokhx repoHHb, yxoa« Ha cfipoHi, noa oxecToaeHHHM oCcrpeaoM spara onacaan jKH3Hb paHaauM. Ga- HHTapna Achh BexeTOBa BUHecaa c itoah 6oa 6o.ibwe 100 pa- HeHbix 6oAuob h iKOMaHAHpoB. Toamco b ojho.m6oh> oHa cnacAa 37 SofiiioB. CaHHTapKa-Ka3axciaHKa Mapna HBaHOBHa Jlaaeii- ko Ha cbohx ruienax BUHecaa H3-noa othh aecaTKH 6oBuob h KOM3iHAHpOB. H3B6CTH0 CrpaHe HMH CWaBHOS flOiepH Ka3aXCKQTO Hapoaa apaaa Po3H My.M«ioBoi5. Box HTO IlHCa.TH Softllbl H KOMaHAHpbl OAHOfi BOHHCKOH la- cm o BoeHBpaHe Ka3auiKe Po3e MyMHHOBoS. «OHa BcerAa TaM, rAe Haa(5oAee BenttKa oiracnocTb, t3m, KyAa Bpar HanpaBAaeT CoAbiue onia, .mckobo oGoApaeT ona pa- Henux, yMeAue pyfoc ee Oucrpo h aobko nepeBH3HBaioT paiiw*. CobotckhS HapoA h ero bohhu, TpyAawaecsi /leHHHrpapa My- WeCTBeHHO OTCTOHAH KOAblfieAb BeAHKOfi C>KTSM5pbCKOH COU'Ha- AHCTHieCKofi peBOAlOUHH— ropoA JleHHHrpaA- 4. IlOABHrH bohhob Ka3axcxaHa b 6oax 3a ocBoSoiKAeHHe BejiopyccHH h npH6aaxHHCKHx pecnyCjiHK OcBoOoxcAeHHe JleHHarpaACKofi o6a3Cth ot HeMeuKO-$a- uihctckhx saxBaTHHKOB cnocoScTBOBaAO saAbHeftuieMy HacTyn- AeHHio CoBeicKofi ApMHH. OrKpuBaAHCb nyrH >iepe3 CoBexcsyio BeAopyccHio a JlHTBy k npatfajiTHKe, rioAMiie a k rae3Ay nrr- jiepoBCKOfi arpeccHH— BoctohhoS IIpycoHH. JleroM 1944 roAa 6haa ocymecTBAOHa raraHTCKaa onepaiiHa no oaameHHio Beno- pyccHa a JIhtbh ot $auiHCTCKHx arpeccopoB. 23 hkdhh 1944 ro- AaCoBeTcaaa ApMHH ABHHyaacbBHacTynAeHHe. 3hk>ah 1944ro Aa HauiH Boflcaa 3ana.iH CToaHuy BenopyccHH — Mhhck, aepe3 10 AHefl— CTwiHuy /Ihtbh — Bhalhioc h 17 hkwih 1944 roAa Hanana (JiopcapoBaHHe pexa IIIeuiyHH, oTAenaBuiefi CoBercKyio JlHTBy ot Boctohhoh npycoaa. B xoae HacTynaeHaa CoBCTCKaa Apwaa oKpywH.xa h y»HHTOJKiHAa Ha ^ejiopyccKoa aeMAe noA Mhhckom 6oAee 30 Bpawecxax AHBH3Hii. 238 CTpeAKOBaa ahbh3hh npoiana CAaBHHfi (SoeBofl nyTb ot Mockbh ao Boctohhoh ripycoHH. HaBH3aeft kom3haob3a no.i- kobhhk KopoTKOB. OHa yaacTBOBaAa a 6oax 3a MocKBy h TyAy. ToAbKo 3a naTb AHeS ynopHux 6oeB ahbh3ha yHHMTOWHAa a B3H-
Jia b njieH okojio xpex tlichh raTaeporacKax oojiAaT h otJiauepoB. MHBH3HH ObiJia narpawfleHa opAeaoM Kpacaoro 3HaM©HH. B Mae 1942 roaa 3a CToftwocrb, MywecxBO h repoH3M juraHoro co- CTaBa oHa 6bwia npeo6pa30BaHa b 30 rBapaeflcKyio cxpejiKOByro AM8H3HIO. TpyaamaecH Ka3axcTaHa ropnajiHCb TeM, qro acjiea 3a 8 rBapneiicKoft HMemi reHepan-Maaopa riaiKpHJioBa CTpejiKOBOft AHBH3Heft B CJIaBHyiO COBeTCKyK) TBapaHIO BHHJlaCb H 238 AHBH- 3hh, c4>opMHpOBaHHaH b Ka3axcxane. UeHTpajibHuft KoMHTeT napxaa a npaBHTe.’ibCTBo Kaaaxcra- Ha B CBOeM npHBCTCTBHH 6oflu,aM H KOMaHAHpaM 30 TBapaeft- ckoB CTpejiKOBofi JHBH3HH nacajia: «TpynamHecii pecnyfiaHKH ropasiTca TeM, <ito Bcjrej 3a 8 rBapaeftcKofi flBajKflbi opueHOHOCHofi hmchh Tepoa CoBeTCKoro Coio3a reHcpa.i-Mafiopa riaHCpHJioBa CTpejiKOBOft uhbh3hch bto- paa KasaxcTaacKaa ahbihshjj, 3aKajiHBiuacb b oxsecTOqeHHbix 60- ax, b orne cBauieHHofi OreqecTBeHHofl boBhh, BJiaiiacb b cuaBiiyro coBeTCKyio raapiiHio. Ka3axH, pycoaae, yapaanaw, opaxcajoiaaeca b psmax Baniefl AHBH3HH, OJIHUeTBOpHIOT CO6O0 BeJIHKyK), HepyUlHMyiO, KpOBbK) cnaaHHyto apyacCy napoaoB CoBexcKoro Cox)3a. ToBapHina, Baiun noaBara npocaasaaioT Ka3axcxaH. Heoaie Bbirne rBa.paeacKoe 3HaMa! 3Ha0Te, tto poaaofl Kpafl, nocaaB- uiafl Bac, »HKoraa He ycraHet aafioTHTbca o Bac, ayMaTb a jKHTb BauiHM'H paaocTHMa a nofieaaMH*.1 riocae pa3rpoMa (pamacTOB noa Mockboh h b TyjibCKofi 06- aacTH, aaaHhiii cocTas 30 TBapaeftcKoa CTpejiKOBOft a'HBH3Ha re- poficKia apaaca 3a ocBo6o*uieHne Be.iopyocaa a CoBeTcao# Upa- OaaTHKH. rBapaeftma-Ka3axcTaHUbi 30 rBapaeftcKoft ahbh3HH, Bhi,no.'iuiHH aaKa3 napraa a upaBHTeabciBa Harnea pecnyOaaBH, repoflcKH apaaacb 3a ocBoCowaeHae coBeTCKofi JIhtbm. JleroM 1944 roaa raapaeBubi BMecTe c apyrHMH aacTHMH CoBeTCKofi ApM'HH CTpeMHreabHbiM HacTynaenaeM ocBo6oaaaa okojio 4 tu- caq Haceaeaiibix nyHKTOB Beaopycoa.a a JIhtbw. Tpaacabi Bep- xoBHoe TaaBHoKOMaHaoBaHHe CoBeTCKofi ApMaa oTMeqa.no b npaKa3ax ycnexa jiaqHoro cocTaBa ahbh3hh. TpaHcaw cajiJOTOBa- Jia hm Po»HHa noCeaiibiMH apTWJijiepaficKHMH 3ajinaMia. . B 1944 rosy, bo BpeMH HacTynaTenbHhix anepanaft Hauiax bohck, 30 rBapaeflcKaa CTpe-iKOBaa ahbh3hh, Haxoaacb Ha npa- bom (j)jiaHre, cMeno rnjia Bnepefl. riepea Hero HaxoAHJiacb moih- aaa pa3BeTBJieHHaa jthhhb oOopoHbi (paiiiHCTOB, CTponBLuascn hmh b Teqenae T.pex JieT. ripaflaBaa 6ojibiuoe 3HaqenHe P thm yropenjieHiHflM, rHT.iepoBiibi aa3biBanH 3Ty .thhhkj ofiopoHbi «tpa- 1 4708 44 203 114ApxHB Kaatpiimafla HMJI, >. , cb. , a. , Ji. . 19-695
TepjiaM* h OTyaaHHo 3amHmaan ee, cwrasi, mo npopuB ee 6y- 6umaer 03HawaTb orxpHTHe aopor b TepMannio. Ibpo.ua BHTeGcK, flo.ioiw, Opaia, / J bhhck h apyrae npeBpameHH hmh b ape- nocTH. B jeHb TpeTbefl roaoBiuHHH Baqa.ua BenaKofl Oieqeci- BeHHofi BofiHbi aHBH3Hfl no.iyqHJia npHKa3 HaaaTb HacTyruieHHe. BoiiHbi-Ka3axcTaHubi c orpoMHHM Boo.iymeBJieHaeM pnHy:incb b 6oh. Ha 3tom yqacrxe (pponra lacra 30 rBapaeftaxofi cTpeJixo- BOfl JBIBH3HH, noaaBHB OlKOCTO'ieilHOe COnpOTHBAeHHe THTJiepOB- ueB, 3a jBoe cyroa B3.'ioMa.iH hx moiuhvio r.nyfioKO smejioHHpo- B3HHyiO .1HHHKD »6opOHb! H B HS'iajle HIOAH 1944 TOfla UlTypMOM OBjiaaejiH ropoaaMH BHTeScx h Flojiomc, npcoaojieB KpynHefiiuyio BOAHyio nperpaay — 3anajHyio jBHHy,— pa3BHBas cTpeMH-rejib- Hoe HacrynaeHHe, 3aHsi.au ropoa Abiihck. 3a HecxojibKo HeaeJib i Bapaeiiubi BMecTe c apyrHMH qacrsiMH apMHH, pa3rpoMHB qpe3- BbiqafiHO cu.TbHyio r.pynnHpoBKy upoiHBHHKa, ocboSoahah fiojih- uioe KOJiHqecTBo ce;i h aepeBeHb, b3suih b naeH flecsrrKH Tbicaq rHT.iepoBueB. B 3thx Coax 3a BejiopyccHio h I7pH6aaTHKy Ka3axcTaHuu noKaaaiiH repoasw h Bepnocib PoaHHe 11 KoMMy»HcraqecKofi napTHH. Mapiuaa CoBeTCKoro Cox>3a K- K- PokocobckhA, kom3hao- BaBiusifi Toraa Btophm EeJiopyccK«M 4>Pohtom, aiHcaji: «C.iaaHbie cbiiHhi Ka3axcKoro napoaa xopouio nocay*HJiH PoAHHe Ha npfle SpaHH. Bohhh Bioporo BejiopyccKoro (ppoiiTa ropflaTCH noaBHraMH repoeB Ka3axoB, cbohx OpaTbes no opy- * hk) — HcscaJiHeBa, Myoma, MaMyTOBa, KayxiOaeBa, Hypxa-, HOBa H COTHHM'H ApyrifX OTBa*HbIX 32IHHTHHK0B COUHaJIHCTIiqe- CKoro OreqecTBa. Poahm HHKoraa He 3a6yaeT hx nojiBHroB*. JIhtobckhS napoa b aeHb 25-JierHa Ka3axcxofi C€P nacaji Ka3axcKOMy Hapoay: «PyKOBoaHMbiH h BooayiueBjieHHbifi KoMMyHHCTHqecuofl nap- THefi Ka3axcKHH Hapoa b ahh OreqecTBeHHOfi bohhij caMooTBep- weHHo fiopojica BMecTe co BceMH napoaaMH CoBercKoro Coio- 3a npoTHB HeMeiWMX 3axBaTqnnoB h anoHCKHX HMnepHaaHCTOB. CnaaHHaa GojibweBHCTCKofl apywCofi ceMba Hapoaos CoBercxo- ro Coma pa3r.poMH.-1a Bpara, ocaofSoaHJia ot (jsaumcTCKoro ree- Ta cbohx SparbeB h npHHecJia cBoSoay nopa6omeHHu.M Hapo- aaM. B psiaax CopuoB 3a CBofioay iuienoM k roieqy fiopoAHcb CMHbi Ka3axcTaHa h JIhtbh*.1 CbJH KOJixo3Horo KysHeua H3 BocToqHoro Ka3axcTaHa, kom- coMaaeu Hsryrru ASth-bob pa3BepHyji Ha tppoH-re c-boh Hesa- ypaAHue opraHH3aTopcKHe ciiocoOhocth. Oh 6bi.i HaMaqeH kom- 1ApxHBKaa^iuiHaaa HMJI, $oiu UK J1RCMK, cb. 22, a. 36, n. 382. 290
TepoH CoBeTCKoro Coio3a H3ryTTbi Ahtukob. copro.M cTpeJiKOBoro 6aTaabona. ToaapHiUH no opyjKHio pacxa- 3biBaJi« o HeM: H3ryrTbi cpasy Bbiaeanaca b Harnett nacvn cboett sxthb- HOCTbio, cBoefi noAHTHieoKoft noaroTOBKOtt. 3ro Cua bo Bcex oTHouieHHnx npHMepHhifl KoMcoMoaea, Coesoft h 3aayuieBHbiii TOEapmu. C jnoSoBbio oh sea BocrtHTaTeabHyjo paSory cpean SoiiuoB. Cboio pa6oTy arHTaTopa h KOMCopra oh Bceraa coneTaa c anHHoft CoeBOtt aeHTeabiiocrrbio. OceHbio 1942 roaa IferyTTbi AStukob cpaacaacn noa CTa- aHHrpaaoM. Oh 6bia paaBeanHKoM h aceraa npraocua ueHHbie cBeaeiiHsi. XleftcTaysi b Tbi.iy ^para, Haryiru Ahtukob y«HiTO- JKHa 50 raxaepoBueB h aocTaxma Hauie.wy KOManaoBahhio 22
«H3bina». Eme 6oAbiue « h3hkob» — rHTJiepoBCKHx cojimt h . uepoB — oh 3axBarHj BMecTe co cbohmh 6oeBbiMH Apy3bHM rpynnosHx pa3BeflKax. «OnHaiKflbi,— roBopHTCii b Ka3axcKofi (ppoHTOBofi ra; «MaflflaH aKHKaTbi* («<PpoHTOBaa npaBAa*) b HOMepe 3a 13 ah 1944 rofla, — nsrrepo pa3BeAHHKOB bo raaBe c Hsi TbI A&TblKOBblM CTOAKHyAHCb C 30 rHTAepOBUaMH*3BTOM3THH. MH. rHT.iepOBUbl peiUH.IH B3HTb HX B lUieH. AftTHKOB 6uCTpO Aaaaa npHKa3aHHH. 3aiBH3ajiacb ropaiaa cxsanca. Bpaatei ccuiflarbi, no6pocaB opyacwe h oct3bhb 15 xpynoB h ojiioro n.. Horo, pa36excaAHCb. B HKWie 1944 roAa nacTH 30 rBapaeftcKoii crpeAKOBoii ahe 3HH c 6ohmh npoABHrajiHCb no BeiiopyccHH, bhiiuh k 3anaA> ^BHHe. UlnpoKyio ObicTpoTCHHyio pexy rHTJiepoBUM ocbina.’iH npoTHBonojiowHoro 6epera rpaaoM nyjib h mhh. He aojkha.' pacCBeTa, KOMMyHHCT H3ryiTM AHtbikob, b3hb cco6ok>Hecxo. khx KoweoMOAueB, nepBNM npunqui b bo Ay. B B03Ayxe bh< ah BpajKccKHe paKCTbi, ocBciuaH pexy. HcnpepuuHo CTpoih. nyjieMeTU. BoAa BOKpyr KwneAa. Mima npuMbiM nonaAaH- pa3opnaaa oahoto H3 6oSuob. KoMaHAHp oMeAeHHH Ilepin: 6bui paHeH. HsryrTH AAtukob, pncKysi CBoeft xcHBHbio, cnac Bapnma, yKa30M I7pe3HAHyMa BepxoBHoro CoBeTa CCCP 3a re. H3M h OTBary HaryTTbi AfiruKOBy 6uao npacBoeHo sBaHHe 1 pon CoBeTCKoro Coio3a. «BoeBbie TOBapniuH, KOMcoMoAb.. Bparea no opysuno h TpyAy,— nncaA oh,— b paAocraue ai nauiHX no6eA HaA 33kahthm BparoM k HaM npauiAa HOBan bo. Hyiomaa BeoTb: 15 rBapaenuaM Haineft hbcth npncBoeHo bbc Koe 3BaHHe rep oh CoBeTCKoro Coio3a. CpeA« hhx SHaiHTcn B 6opb6e 3a coxpaHeHHe n.iauaapMOB Ha 6epery 3anaaHc ZlBHKbi h b AaAbHeftuieM HacrrynAeHHH npocAaBHAHCb bohhh-k. saxcTaHtibi K. KaAHHOBHUKHfl, Tepofi CoseTCKoro Coma Caat ACAyxanapoB, ASAyAAa iXwaH3aKOB, PacyA Hchtob, Max.v, KanpSaeB. Cbohmh repoHiecKHMH nosaiiraMH ohh cnoco6cT: b3ah fibiCTpefluieMy ocBoCoWAeHHio BeAopyccKoft 3ewin o r hi MeUKO-tjjaiUHCTCKHX 3aXB3TlIHK0B. «Koraa pora nepeinaa b aiaxy,— iiHca.ia ^poHioBaa Ka3a. CKan ra3era,— npoxHBHHK omeM nyAeMeTOB H3 aotob h A30T- 3acraBHA saaeib Hauiy nexoTy. HecMoipa Ha KocompHueAbHb nyjieMeTHbifi oroHb npoTHBHHKa, tob. H chtob c rpynnoft Softuo OtiXOAHblM M3HCBPOM C (JlAaHra, C OnaCHOCTblO AAH 5KH3H CKpuTHo noanoA3 k AOTy h npoTHBOTanKOBHMH rpaflaraMH no A3bha ycraHosAeHHbiH TaM ny.ieMer. BocnoAb30BaBiUHCb sth MOMeHTOM, poTa nepeuiAa b araKy h BopaaAacb b TpaHoieio. 292
B 3TOM 60I0 TOB. HCHTOB B306pajIC5I Ha apyrofl AOT, H3 koto- poro npoTHBHHX b&h CHjifaHufl nyjieMeTiibiS oroHb, o6HapyjKaa auMoxoAHyio xpyfiy h SpocH.i aepe3 Hee 4 rpaaaTU. Ot B3puBa rpaHaT oTKpuaacb ABept. Tob. Hohtob bshji b naeH 9 HeMemsax coaaaT. Tob. H chtob cbohmh pemaTeabHUMH aeacTBasMH pacnicTH.i nyrb aaa Harnett HacTynaBuiea nexoTW, b pe3y.ibTaTe qero bh- coTa 6u.ua B3HTa. Ilpa stom nauiH aaxBaxHAH: aee 37 mm nyrn- KH, 2 CTaUKOBblX, 6 pyiHHX IiyACMCTOB, 2 MHH0MGT3, 4 npo- THBOTaHKOBMX pyjKbil, 60 BHHTOBOK, 400 CHapilflOB, 1000 MHH H 10000 bhhtobohhhx naxponoB. JIhhho tob. Hchtobum 6uao b3hto b njieH 33 coJiaaTa*.1 Tepoii CoBercKoro CoK>3a MaxMeT KaapfiaeB b 6ohx 3a oc- Bo6o*aemie JIhtbu npoasaa HecpaBHemioe MyxcecTBo. Ero >kh3- neHHufi nyTb ao boShh — Tunamibifi nyTb coBexcaoro Moaoaoro HeaoBeKa Harnett anoxn. PoaHBiuacb b 1925 roay b EecaaparaB- ckom paiioHC riaB.iojapcKoii o6aac™ , okobihb cpeaKioio iincoay, MenTaa o AaabHettuieft yinopHoft yieOe, MeaTaa o tom, hto6u CTaTb yieHbiM. OcymecTBaeHHio BTofi Mearu noMeiuaaa BoftHa. Ha (fipOHTe lOHouia KOMaHaoBa.i 6axapeeil, ero rpyab yKpaca.iH 3oaoTaa saesaa Tepoa, opaeH JleHHHa, opaeii AaeKCaaapa HeB- CKoro, aBa opaeHa OTeqecTeeHHoft bohhh h Meaajib «3a OTBary*. «19 aBrycra 1944 roaa erapmaft aefiieHanT MaxueT Kaap- 6aeB c ropcToaKoft 6ohuob 6pocHJica na noMouib coceaweii 6a- xapee, KOTopyio OKpyjKHJia raxjiepoBuu. 15 coBeTCKHX bohhob BCTpeTHancb c coTiieft (paiuacxoB. Boil 6ua kopotkhm, 70 raTae- pOBlieB 6bI.1H yHHHTOXCeHU, ABaauaXb H3 HHX yHHMTOWH.1 caM CTapuiHft jieHTeiiaHT. BepHyBUiHCb b pacnoaowenae 6axapeH, MaxMeT KaHp6aeB odiiapyxcaa, ito Becb ee oipHuepcKHit cocxaB 6ua BUBeaen H3 ctpoh h yueae.no Jinim> oaho opyane. Baxapea Su.na oKpy>Kena TpHauaTbio (pauiHCTCKHMH TaHKaMH h 6aTaab0- hom nroiepoBueB. BeccTpauraufi ocpauep 6ucrpo paccxasaa oc- xaBmaxca aroaett a oTpajaa ceMb TaHKOBUx aiax. Tpa Tanaa oh oxer cam. Becb raTaepoBcaaft 6aTaabOH aer Ha noacTynax k 6a- Tapee. ApTHaaepacru Kaap6aeBa ctohah HacMepTb. Ohh 3a- Kpuaa BpawecKHM TaHKaM nyrb ua ropoa coBeTcaoft JIhtbu — IUaynsfl*.2 GrofiKOCTb Ka3axcTaHue» b 6opb6e 3a poaHyio 3eMAio xa- paKxepa3yeTca h TaxaM npaMepoM. HecKOAbKO 6o0uob, (popcapoBaB 3anaaHyio XUaHy, 3axpena- aacb Ha npaBOM ee 6epery. THTJiepoBUU man b KOHTpaxaKy. Ha npaBua cpaaHr BuaBHHyaca Moaoaoft na3ax rBapaaa eippefiTop 1 «KtJ3blA ApMH»» (sKpacHaa ApMHn»), 1944, 13 aexatSpa. a «Ku3bia ApMHB. («KpaCHaa Apmhs»), 1944, 21 aBrycra. 293
AxyMaui AcaHaaneB. OraeM cBoero nyaeMeta oh kochji Bpaxe- cme paau. IlIeCTbflecaT Tpynos ruraepoBiieB jrewanH BOKpyr ero nyaeMCTa, a Soft see HapacTaa. A-oaHaaneay npHuiajiir Ha noa- Mory 6oftua, ho reapaHH etJjpeftTop cxa3aa: — Haw Ha3aa, TOBapHiu,« cxa>x« KOManaapy, >ito H>KVMaw Acaiia.ineB oflHH yaepjKHr npaBwS (JwraHr. Boea BoapaaHJi. jlMyimam BsrJiaHya Tyaa, rae leru-oe crpea- Ka Bean Hepa«HH'fl <5ofi c 6oabinoS rpyitnofi apawecKoS nexoTH. Faasa ero BcnuxHyaH pemtiTeabHOCTbio. — H.MeHeM PoaHHu npnKa3UBaio BosBpaTHTbea. Koraa rawiepoBUH upe&npHHaaiH naryio ataxy, kohhhjihcb natpoHpi. AcaHajiweB onraHyaca. M ojkho 6uao eme OToftra k — HeT. H e ana toto a npauiea cioaa, <rro6u otohth oOpai- ho,— peuiHa OH. Tp« rpanatbr ero pa3opBaaHcb b ryme (JiauiHCTOB. itwyMaui npaaBHiiya x cede ny.teMeT, hto6h tot ne aoeraaca Bpary, BCTa.1 Ha Ko.ieHH h n poca ji x rpyaH inocaeaHXjio npoTKBOTaHxoByio rpa- HaTy. Oh waaa. OauiHCTH peiwiB, hto nyaeMeTimx 6e3opy*en, omeaeaH. Koraa (jjauracTcxaa opaBa HaBaamiacb Ha reapaefi- na, oh BtjjepHyji npeaoxpaBHTe.tbHyro qemy. OrpoMHoft chah B3pHB b xaoqba paaMeiaa rHT.iepoBUCB. CBamenHaa deaopyc- cxaa 3eMaa HaBceraa noxopoHH.ia caasnoro ctma xa3axcxoro napofla Tepoa CoBeTCKoro Coxraa raapnHH e$pe8ropa A*yMa- oia AcaHa.tHeBa. Tax dopoaacb bohhu Ka3axciaHa 3a ocBodoxaeHHe poaHux BeaopyccKofi h JIhtobckoS peonydaHx. 5. BoHHbi Ka3axcTaHa b Coax 3a pydewawH Poahhm OceHbio 1944 roaa Boftcxa CoBercxoS ApMHH, npeoAoaeB MomHHe odopoHHTeabHhie pydeacH, BopBaaircb b BocToanyio ripycoHK). 9 anpeaa 1945 roaa naaa ee cToanua— ropoA h xpe- nodb KeHHrcdepr. CtpeaxoBHft daTaabOH 23-aeTHero Mafiopa-xasaxctaHua Ba- chahh roaoBieHxo nepBBiM npopBaa odopoHy rHTJiepOBueB Ha rpawHue c BoctoiHoii ripyccHeft, 3a hto B. roaoBueHKe 6uao npHceoeHo 3Ba«He Tapoa CoBeroxoro Cotoaa. 3aecb, Ha Bpasxecxoft teppHTopHH, co8epiuna CBofi SeccMepT- HMil noabut 18-aerHHft axMOAHHeu, oTBaJXHbiii raHRHCT K>p«H Ma.iaxoB. Toabxo 4 Mecaua MaaaxoB yaacTBOBaa b 6ohx, ho h 3a 3to xopoTxoe BpeMa oh noayqHJi 3BaHHe rBapaefma h bm- coxyx) Harpaay C C C P — jraa opaeHa JleHHHa h 3oaotyio 3®e3- ay Tepoa GoseTcxoro Coio3a. CoBercKHe bohhu noMorax nopaSomeHHUM HapoaaM Sanaa- 294
Hoii Ebpoiim cfipocKTb c ce<5a Hro HeMeuKO-([iaiuHCTCKHX saxBaT- hhxob. Tpyaamneca MHornx CTpaH EBponu ycTaHOBH.'iH y ce6n iiQByio Hapoanyio aeMoxpaTHio. KasaxcTamiH 6hjih neMeuKHX <()auiHCToB Ha yjiHuax ByxapecTa h Eearpaaa, Byaaiiemra h BapuiaBbi, BeHbi h ripara. riocaaHUbi CoBeTcxoro Ka3axCTaHa Bcewbe COBCTCKHX BOHHOB IipHHeCJIH Iia CBOHXUlTbIKaX b EBpony cMepTb (JiaumcTCKHM nopa6oTHTe/iHM h CBewihie HaaejKaw, pa- jocTb oc.Bo6oHcaeHHn yrHereHHbiM HapoaaM Abctphh, Bo.arapHH, BeHrpHH, riojibuiH, PyMUiiHH, MexocaOBaKHii, lOrocaaBHH. HaxoaHCb aaaexo ot pyBeweft CoBeicxoA crrpaHbi, xa3ax- CTaHUH Bceraa 6u.in cepaueM c P o/ihhoA. MyBCTBo ropaHeA jiio6- Bii k Othh3H6, HMKoraa He noKHaaBiaee bohhob, Beao hx b 6oh, c ee HMeneM ohh no6e5Kaaa«. H a Seperax Bhcjih HCKJHOwjrejibHyro xpa6pocTi> h oreary npoaBHa MaaoaoA KOMCoMoaeu-KaaaxcTaHeu, Tepofl CoBercKoro Coi03a IleTp HcaxoB. Oh itpohhk b rayBany oSopoHw npoTHB- HHKa, rpanaTaMH pa36aa ryceHauw Bpajxecxoro Tamca, yHH<rro- xchji opyaafiHWH pacieT h, oO.ihb 6eH3HHOM caMoxoaHyio ycTaHOBKy Bpara, cxcer ee. Cbohmh aeftcTBaaMH IleTp Hca- kob OTxpwji nyTb iianiHM nacTHM aaa ycneuiHoro HacTynae- H a no/ibOKOH 3iiM.ne coBepuiaa CBoft CeccMepTHwft .noaBHr mo.ioaoA bohh Ka3ax Araflna CyxaMfiaeB. Haxoaacb na <(>poHTe c nepBhix jjHefl boAhu, oh ocoSeinio npoaBHa ce6a xax OTaaav- hhA, VMejibift, aHCuanaHHapoBaiHHbiA cojimt b 6ohx 3a Beaopyc- chkj, JI'HTfly, iiojibiuy. XpaSpuft bohh AranHJi Cyxa\\rf>aeB Bcer- ja nep.BbtM nojHHMaaoi b aTaxy. Ilocjie nepBofi >xe cxBaTKH c BparoM, b kotopoA oh yaacTBOBaji, ero na3iiaHHJiH xoMaHflHpoM oraejieHHH. Cbohm MyxecTBOM h 6e33aBenroA xpaSpocTbK) A raana Cy- xa.vifiaeB yBJiexaji anepea cbohx CoAuob h ohh npeojoaeBajin jiiofioe conpoTHBJieirae Bpara. «CKopeA 6bi Haw b TepMaHHio!* — *iacto roBopHJi AraflHji CyxaMSacB cbohm nexoTHHuaM*. « n o a M hhckom,— nHcaji ero xoManaap 6araJibOHa Mafiop B. JIh b iu h k ,— bo BTopyro perry Hamero fiaTaabowa npntuea 6oeu JluTee,flbiM cOviaaTOM. B Coax Ha CejiopyccxoA 3eM.ne, b na3ax AraflHJt CyxaMfSaeB. Oh 6tu i aHcuHn.iHHHpoBaiiHbiM. CMe- Ilo.tfb- aie CyxaM SaeB .rapoaBHJi ce6a OTBawHbiM h yxenuM bohhom h 6hji Ha3Haaeii KoMaHfl«paM otaeaeHHH. B oaHy H3 aBrycTOBCK«x hohch 1944 roaa AraaHJi CyxaM- 6aeB, aaa b nacTynaeBae, cxaaaa cbohm cojiaaraw: «rpaH«ua HarneA PoaHHU ocraaacb no3aaH. Hyscno hbth 3snepea, Hro6bi OKOHaareabHo pa3aaBHTb apara. H 6yay 6urb (JiauiHCTOB a jiKrSHMyio PoaHHy, noxa raa3a moh BHaaT Bpara,
noiKa CTy*t‘HT Moe cepaue. CMepra He cTpauiHa!* 3to fibuia kjiht- Ba, h oh ee BunoaHHji. OflHawau jrrpoM poia Buuuia k poaHOMy pyfiewy. BnepeaH . aexaaa yscperuiemiasi rawiepoBaaMH nojibCKaa aepesHa. Oiae- neHfle CyxaM6aeBa, ofiecnenis poTe nepenpasy, paerpoMHao fioe- BOe oxpaHeHHe Bpara h CTpeMHTenbHO ABHHyjiocb Bnepea- Ara- aiwi CyxaMfiaeB c rpanaTaMH b pynax fiwJi y xe nepea aoaro- BpeMeHHofi o6opoHHoft roiKoii npoTHBHHKa, ao npeaeaa Hacw- meHHofl oraeBbiMH cpeacTBaMH. YparaHHufi oroHb Mernaji npo- ABH»<eHHK> iiameft nexora. PoTa 3ajierjia. Araana CyxaMfiaeB pemaa yHHiTOJKHTb BpaxecKHS nyaeMeT, nparoTOBHa rpaHaTy ajih fipocxa. Ho b bto BpeMn nyaa npoH3HJia ero npaByio pyxy. Araawa basm neBofi pyxofl Bropyio rpaHaTy. Caeayiomaa nyna paHHaa ero aeByro pyxy. OfiaHBaacb xpoBbio, Araaaa CyxaM fiaeB fiescaa ot aepesa x aepeBy HaBCTpeny nyaeMeTHUM oaepe- a»M. C KpHKOM «3a PoaHHy!» oh fipocHaca k aoTy h rpyabio cBoefl noracna oroHb rHT.iepoBCKoro nyaeMeTa. Bpar fiua pa3- 6ht. HaoiH \"iacrn, npecaeaya Bpara, ycrpeMiuracb aaabme Ha 3anaa»-' «nexoTHneu Araawa CyxaMfiaeB,— nncaaa 3 OKTafipa 1944 roaa 4>poHTOBaa ra3era xJKayra xapcw orraH» («Ha Bpara*, — noBTopHa fieccMepTHwfi nonmi' AaexcaHapa MaTpocoBa. CyxaM fiaeB ne fioajica CMepra noxoMy, aro .h o 6hji xn3Hb, cBoeii CMepTbio oh fipocH.i b jihuo Bpara acw oboio erpauiHyio Hena- BHCTb. riyn, k nofieae oh npoaowHoi 6jiaropoAHofi CMepTbio bo- 24 Mapra 1945 roaa Araanay CyxaMfiaeBy IIpe3HAHyM0M BepxoBMoro Cosera CCCP nocMepTHO fibuio npncBoeHO 3Bairae Fepoa CoaeTCKoro Coi03a. B fioax 3a ocBofioxaeHHe IIoabCKoft TeppHTopHH npoaBHJi My»cecTBO h OTBary Fepo8 CoBeTcxoro Coi03a CaraaaT HypMa- ra.MoeTOB. Z1kbh3»s, b xoTopofi cnyxHA CaraaaT HypMaraMfieTOB, b OHtecToqeHHhix fioax npoflBHraaacb k nojibCKofl crojume. Ho Ha nyra ee BCTana nperpaaa — npwroK peKH Bhcjih pexa Flii-nma. 3a peKoii npoxojii.ia xapomo yxpenaeHHaa jihhhh ooopohm npo THBHHKa. ripa nonxoaax MecTHocTb OTKpbiTaa, ane.M h noabio xopomo npocTpejiHBaeMa H3 nyaeMeTOB. rHTjiepoBUH h pexy aepxajiH noa PocToaHHUM oficTpejioM, k ToMy ace aea Ha pene 6u .t neHSaewHbiH, nepenpaBHTb no »eMy apran-nepHio He bo3- mojkho. Ho OBJiaaeTb yKpenneHHbiM y3ji0M npoTHBHHKa fituo HeofixoaHMo. ' fepoa CoaeTCKoro Coxsa —Ka3axcranuu, a. I, ctp. 270. 296
Tepofi CoBeTCKoro Coio3a CaranaT HypnarauficTOB. «Caraaara HypiuaraMfieTOBa,— paccKasbreaji yiacTHHK sth.x CoeB,— BH3Ba.ni! b lUTafi ahbh3hh. «Baui gaiajibOH (JiopcHpyeT peuy rimiHuy h 3aftMeT ruiau- AapM Ha npaBOM Oepery ee,— kopotko npHKa3aa KOMaHflHp Jiu- Ho'ib Bw.aa.aacb Te.MHaa. Illea rycTofl. msu-kbS CHer. Croa.ia 3 3lOMHTeabHaH, AaBiimaa THiiiHHa. Jlmub irapeaKa He6o pa pe a.ni jaaeniie BcnbiuiKH opyniifi. K peKe CaTaabOH noaoiue.n iie3aiie- 'leHHbiM. CoJiaaru, paccesrBiimcfe, ocropowHO crynaaii no H03jpe- Baio.viy .ibxy, yace Ha aeTBeptb 3ajinTOMy Boaoft. 297
...Bofl <5uji KopoTKHM. Chsib flByx HeMeuKHX Ha&nroaaTeneii h npeoAoneB TpH paaa xmoaefi npoBoaoKH, 6aTa.iboH Bopsaacn b (jiauiHCTCKHe TpaHmeH. Bwiee CTa HHTaepoBueB Haw.isi Monuy Ha nojibcKoft 3eMJie b stoS cxBaxxe, HeMHorHM yaaaocb 6e- Ha paccBeTe, Kan h oaoiaaa CaraaaT HypaaraM6eT0B, Bpar nome.n b KOHTpaTaKy. — FIpHroTOBHTb rpasiarbi,— pa3.aa.Tacb qeTxaa xoManaa Ca- raaaTa HypMaraMiCeTOBa. Tlo nomo 3aMejibxajiH seaeime toikh BpaxcecKHX ccwiaax. H a 6eaofi 3acne>KeHHoS paBHHiie CTaJiH bu- pncoBbiBaTbca TeMHHe CHayaTu craJibHux MaaiiHH... 3... 7.... 9 cpeaurax TaHKOB. 3a hhmh uuia nexora. y * e H3aa.au Ha xoay T3HKH OTKpHJIH OrOHb. iie.io npxHHMaao capbe3Hbift o6opoT: b CaraaboHe He 6uao 611.10npoTHBorauxoBbix cpeacTB, TainHTb hx iepe3 pexy, xoTopasi boi- BOT TpOHeTCfl, HCBO3MOJKH0. He,1b3H , paCCHHTIJBaTb H Ha noMOUib CBOeft apTHJiaepiiH, rax xax fiara.ibomiaa pamia Bum.ia mb CTpoa. 3 to TpeBoacaao Moaoaoro KOMCara. Ha do-ibiuoft cxopocTH tbhkh noaxo3 HaH x TpanuneaM. Ho so r noj ojhhm B3 hhx BSMeTHyacs ctojtQ 3e.\\ian. Tawx B3apor- Ky.i, npono.i3 HecKOJiuco mexp03 h ocraHosHaca. JleBaa ryceHii- ua ocTaaacb aewaTb n03aaH, 3areM pa3aaaocb eme hccko.ilko B3puB0B. B aocsth MeTpax or TpaiiineH 3acTbi,iH eme xpw noa- Chthx TaHxa. OcTaabHue nOBepHyaH ofipaTHO. Ha nosiMUM SaTa.ibona apawecxHe apTHaaepHCTW oQpyuiH- •in CH.ibHbift oroHb. 36mxh coaporaaacb ot MiHoroiHOreHUbix B3PHB0B. 4>aiUHCTbI rOTOBHXHCb X pPUIHTeJIbHOMy uiTypMy naau- aapMa. rntaepoBueB -6ecHao, n o cpaBHHT&abHO Hefioabuiofl ot- paa aep*HT hx ueayio aHBH3Hio. ...45 MHHyr ajmaacb apmrepHBcKaa KanoHaaa. Hecxoabxo CHapaaoB yroanao b TpaHuiew. JI103H raoxan ot B3pfciB0B, ho ynopcTso hx He 6uao caoMJieno. PaHenue ocT3Ba.incb b cTpoio. H xoraa niTaepoBubi, iiohth yeepeHHbie b tom, hto pyccxHe no- aaBaeHU, noaHHMa.iHCb b aTaxy, hx Bcxpeqaa cMepre.ibHbiii oroiib 3amHTHHK0B naauaapMa. BbUH ot6hth erne xpn aTaKH. Ho raa.iH h paabi Hauinx Gohuob. K eeqepy yaaaocb Ha.iajHTb pauiifo h BoccTanoBHTb CBa3b c an&H3neii. «,£Up*aTbcn BO HTO 6u to hh CTa.io ao Tex nop, noxa He nofloitaeT noaxpenae- HHe»,— nepeaaaH orryaa. A aTaKH Meacay TeM He itpexpamajiMCb. FHTaepoBuu «e Te- pa.iH Haaescay HamynaTb b oCopone caaOoe Mecro. KomQaT no- BBjutJicn Ha HaH6oaee onaoHux yqacTxax. Ero yMeHHe He Tepan, ca.MooSaaaaHHe aawe b caMue Tawe-me MHHyrbi noaHHMaao ayx y 6oituoB. Ohh 3apax<aaHCb ero BHepTHefl. ZfeBaTb aTax Buaepxaan CeccrpaiuHbie coBeTCK«e bohhh.
y * e b nocjxejHHii momcht, Koraa rmviepoBijbi GpoCHAHCb nay- TeK, C a raA aT HypMaraM<5eTOB inonyBCTBOBaa, KaK ero hto-to o6o5k i y i o . O iH yjiCH CaraaaT HypMaraMCcTOB Ha paccBeTe: Ka3a.iocb, KpyroM Bee CTOHaao h pyinnaocb. «Hey*ejiH onaTb rHTaepoB- — noayMa.i oh. H o r y r npoT iixiio aanejiH «KanouiH», iia j 3eMJieft npoHecca lhkbha oraeHHHX crpeJi, rae-TO coBceM paaow pa3aaaocb rpoMKoe «ypa». KoinGaT, npeB03Moran 6oab b kak>- HHue, noaHHACfl Ha Horn, orjinaejicn. B rpaHiuee ctojijih ywe apy3ba no opyiKHio. «HeMuu He inpoiMH, mw BHno.iiiH.nH cBoe 3aaan»e». ...BOT A3 T»K«X CoGu THR H CKJiaHUBaCTCH BOCHHaH 6H0rpa$HH CaraaaTa KoJKaxMeTOBHHa HypMara»6eT0Ba, yaocToeHHoro 3a BuaaiomHecH CoeBbie 3acayrH 3 ojiotoh 3Be3au Tepoa CoBer- cKoro Coio3a. Tpyab ero cefl'iac yupamaior \"terupe opaeHa h uiecTb Meaajieft. tppoHTOBaa ra137eTMaa«pKT.aw31i>9ij4i5ocrKocapa aKHKatw* yx(«KpacnoapMeii- caaa npaBaas) b oaepKe «Hctophh ab Harpaa» (o pa3BeaiHKe napHMGexe MaxaHOBe), nncaaa: «K lory ot Be.wiaftuiHX rop «Kapa-Tay», b caMo.u Goabiuon h SoraTOM ayjie Kana-Kymckoro paiioHa, b oahh «3 HosiGpi,- ckhx BeiepoB nepBoro roaa bohhh b aoMe koaxo3hhhh Kyabcpn coCpaaHCb Bee cocean h coceaKH. Ha caMOM noneTwoM MecTe CHaea c ra3eT0fl b pyxax chh xo3h0kh aoMa IlapHM6eK Ma- — Caym afl, MaMa, CJiyiiiafixe, coceaH h coceaKH: 3aBTpa a noflay b BoeHKOMar h nanpoiuy, hto6h Menu npHHHJiH b CoBeT- CKyio ApMHio. He Mory GoAbuie oaaeib aoMa,— csa sa a riapHM- M aTb norjisiaeaa Ha cbiHa, noayMaaa h oTBeTH.na: — «1Ito Hie, ecaH lyBCTByeuib b ce6e aocraTOiHO cun, bto- 6h He xysxe apyrnx ynpaaHTbca b 6oio, to weaero TeCe cnaeTb ^ H o .iro euie b aoMe koaxo3hhun Be-tHCb b stot Benep pa3ro- Bopu o bohlie, o rHTJiepoBuax. A yTpoM MaTb npOBoanaa cbiHa b 8oeHKOMaT, a [iopC3 necKoabKO a-Heii — Ha (ppOffT. Tax cxaa 6oA- UOM CoBeTCKOfl ApMHH HapHMGeK MaxaHOB. H e OyaeM noapoGHo paccKaanBaTb o nepBHx aHHX cJiywow Moaoaoro xa3axa. CxaiKeM miibKO, hto oh ycepaHO yw jicH , cay- ma.-icH KOMaHAnpoB h HaiaabHHKOB, Beaa apymSy c 6HBaauMH BOHHaMH h mepeHHMaa hx oitht. riepe a 6ocm Haao 6biao 3axBaTHTb c(i3biKa», htooh y3HaTb ch ah h pacnoaoxceHHe jiponHBHitKa. KoMaHawp oTGnpa.T aaa sto- ro caMbix a yiu iH x GofluoB. He ofioftaeii 6uji h MaxaHOB. Ha BbicoTKe, riepea HeMeuxwMH TpawuieaMH, 6wao KaaaoH-
Pa»aeni«K llapH»4e» Msta ios me, 3A&cb pa3MecTHJrca BpaxecKHii iia6jiioaaTe.ibHbiH nyaKT. TeMHOii HOHblO paaBeflIHKH OKpyjKHPlH BbICOTy H H633MeTR0 S.1H npoTHBHHKa noaoSpaPiHCb k ero naSaiojaTejibHOMy nyHKTy. TaM Cujio iiieerb HeMueB. HeTwpex 6ohuh yfiHjiH, a aByx 3axaaTHJiH b njieH. no Bceo6meMy npn3HaHnro jiymie Bcex jteiicTBOBaji Ha- pHMfieK MaxanoB. Ero narpaaMH opaenoM KpacHoS 3Be3au. THT-iepOBUbl SpOCHJIH B K0HTpaT3Ky UieCTb T3HK0B H MHOTO nexoTbi. HauiHX SoftuoB Ha stom ytacrae 6ujio HeMHoro, h Kax- abift crpeaoK 6hiJi ocoSeuHO aopor. Haao SbiJio orcenb apawe- cxyio nexoTy ot TaHKOB. Maxanoa xoporno snaa, hto ecJiH sa- pepxtaTb nexoTy, noaoxHTb ee, t3hkh ojihh HHaero He CMoryT caeJiaTb, a k Towy BpeMeHH c hhmh cnpaBarca HauiH apTH.i.ie- pHCTbl H CpOHeSofllUHKH. floKa He KOHIHaCa 6oft, HHKTO He 3HajI, 300
hto MaxaHOBy Bpawecxofi nyjieft pa3AP»6Hao pyxy. ripeB03M0- raa cHjibHeiiiuyio 6oJib, cm cTpeJiaa oahoS pyxofl, ho He noKHHya TOBapHiueii. Ha rpyan oTBawHoro bohHa Ka3axa noiiBHJiaci. eme oflHa narpaaa — opaeii Cjiaabi 3 cTeneHH». y ja p w CoBeTCKoii ApMHH no riiTviepoBCKHM noAHHiuaM pac- uiarajiH KpoBaabift « hobmh nopaaoK*, ycTaHOBJieHHbiii rHT.iepoB- uaMH b CTpaHax EBponu, h npHBejin k TOMy, hto cpauiHcrcKHH 6jiok cTaji pacnaaaTbca. PaHbuie apyrax H3 rHTjiepoBCKofi KoajiHitHH Bbina.iH 4>hhjihhahh h HTajiHH, JleTOM 1944 roaa non yaapoM coBeTCKHX Boftcx cjiojkh.h i opyxcne PyMbiHHa, Bojirapnn, a 3aTeM 6un BUBeaeH H3 CTpoa noc.ieaiiHfi cokwhhk TepMa- hhh — Bearpna. HaHOca coKpyuiHTCJibHbie yaapu TepMaHHH h ee cok>3hh- KaM, CoBercKaa ApMHH npoTaHyaa SparCKyio pyxy noMouiH Ha- poitaM EBponbi. Hapoflw EBpanu BCTpenajm CoBeTCKyio ApMHio Kan apMHio-ocBo6oAHTe.ibHHuy. HaBCTpeny HacTynaBUiHM co- BeTCKHM BoiiCKaM BCIOA>' nOflHHMajI«Cb MOUfHOe OCBOtjOflilTe-lb- Hoe ABHXceHae yraeTenHux HapoaoB. Be-iHKaa OreHecTBeHHaa BoflHa CoBeTCKoro Coio3a cnHBaaacb c 6opb6ofi napoaoB EBpo nbi 3a cboio cBoUoay h He3aBHOHMocn>. Bohhi>i Ka3axcTana repoHqecKH cpaxcajmcb b Iloabuie, Mexo- cjioBaKHH, lOroc.iaBHH, BeHnpHH, PyMWHHH h apyrax CTpaHax EBponn. 3 723 6oiiua, ocftauepa h renepaaa KasaxcraHa Cu.ih iiarpawacHH Meaa.ibio «3a B3HTOie Byaanenna*, 6 643 — Me- aaabio «3 a ocBoSowaeHHe BapmaBu», 3811— weaaabio «3a ocBo6oa<aeHHe npara*, 833 — Meaaabio «3a ocBoSoacaeHHe Eea- rpaaa», 1714 — Meaaabio «3a B3aTne Bemjs, 5 500— MeaaJibio «3a B3aTHe KeHHrc6epra». B roau BeJiHKOfl OTeiecaBeHHofi boAhm fiojibiuyio noMouib nauieS apMHH oxaaa.no imipoKo pa3BepnyBweecH napTH3a«cKoe aBH»ceiiHe. IlapTHH qepes cboh oQ-nacriiue h paftoHHue komhtc- th npoaeaaaa npeaBapiiTeabHyio opra«H3aTopcKyio paSory no co3aaHHio ochobhhx owaroB napTH3aiicxoft 6opb6w b TW.ny Bpara. Mhcjio napTH3aH Ha ynpawHe, b BeaopyccHH, na CMonenmii- He, OpaoBiuHHe h b apyrnx pafionax, oKKynupoBaHHbix HeMeaKH- MH (paiDHCTaMH, BhipOCAO K 1943 roay B HeCKOJIbKO pa3. riapTH- saiiu BOBJieKJiH b aKTHBHyio ocBofioaHTeabHyio 6opb6y Haceae- HHe, TOMHBixieeca noa raeTOM HeMeuKHx oKKynaHTOB. napTH3aH- CKoe aBHaceHHC k 9roMy BpeMeHH CT-ajio 6ojiee opran«3oBaHHHM: MejiKHe oTpaaH oC-banmiMHCb b KpyinHHe, Ha Case xoropbix Ch au co3aaHu napTH3aHCKne CpHraau, pyxOBoaHMue ohuthumh b BoeiiHOM aeae KOMaHaapaMH. IIapTH3aHCKHe orpaabi HcxycHo aeiicTBOBaJiH Boxpyr 6oJibiiiHx ropoaoB, Haaoaro HapyuiaJiH aBHXieHHe rHT.nepoBCKHX bohck no BaxfHeftmHM Hcejie3Hoaopo»c- HblM H aBTOMoOHJIbllbIM MarHCTpaAHM. 301
B BeoiopyocHH, b B.paHcxoS, JleHRHnp&acKoS oC.iacrax HMe- JiHCb ocBofiojKfleiiHbie ot niT.iepoBCKHx 38XBBTBRK0B ue.ibie paii- ohu. Tax Ha3UBaeMbie «napTH3aHCKHC xpaa». 3aeci>, b tuny Bpa- ra, ipyHKUHoHHpoBajiH opraHu CoBercKofi bjibcth, H3jaBa.incb napmaacKHe rase™. Cbohmh CMenuMH Ha.iCTaMH napTH3aHU aeMopaairacffiaAH Bpara, o m yHHiTOHtHJiH cothh tucht rHTJie- poBCKBX conaar h txpHuepoB. B ceHTsiSpe 1943 roaa s Mhhckc napT«3HH ySn.iH rHTJiepOBCKoro HaMecTHHKa b BenopyccHH B. Ky6e. B a«H HacTynneHim GoBeTcxoii ApMMH fieaopyccKHe napTH3aHH, ofinemaa eS npoaBH/Keiuie, BHBejiH H3 ctpoa aecsrr- kh Tbicii') KHaoMerpoB penbcosoro nyra, jihiuhb oTCTynaBiuHe rHTjiepoBCKHe qacra opeacTB nepeaBHjKCHHa. HeoueiiHMyio noMomb 0Ka3uBa.n1 napTH3anbi cobctckhm bom- exaM npH tpOpCHpOBa’HHiil BO.IHM.X pyfieJKefl. OAHH H3 orpaaoB no coraacoBaHHK) c KGMaHaoBaHHe.u CobctckoB ApMHH 3a.XBaTHa na npasoM 6epery /lecHU onopnuft nyHKT h noMor opraHH30BaTb nepenpaBy 6o8uob Ha inpnroTOB.ieHHbix jijih aToro aoaxax h iuio- Tax. K Haqaay 1943 roaa 25 oco6o otjihhhbuihmca naprH3aHaM 6u.no npHCBoeHo 3Ba«He Fepoa CoBeTCKoro Coioaa. K xonuy roaa k hhm npH6aBH.nocb ewe 40 ne-ioBex. M hotom pyxofloaHTe- ahm napTHsaHcxoro aiBHweHHa, b tom iHcne M. flyxa, A. 4>eao- poBy, C. KoBnaxy, HayMOBy, MepnumeBy h apyrHM, 6uno npn- CBoeHO BOHHCxoe 3B3HHe— renepa.i. BuflawwHMca uapoaHUM repojiM, opraHH3aTopaM h BowaxaM napTH3aHCKoro nBHweHHJi Ha l/xpaHHe C. A. KoBnaxy h A. <P. <J>eAopoBy 6ujio npiicBoeno 3Bame aaa>xau Tepoa Co- BercKoro Coma. HMena napTH3aH-xa3axcTaHaeB BeauxoA OTeqecTBeHiioii boAhu A. IIIapmioBa, T. ilwaHrajibaHHa, K. KaSceuoBa, K- Ma- weTOBa, M. KyceHTOBa, H. CaBOJibeBa, r. OMapoBa, K- Epe- MeeBa, C. ToneuieBa, A. JKyMarynoBa, I\\ AMHabapoBa, C. Myc- xanoBa, K. Koxfiacsa xoporno H3BecTHH coBeTCKOMy Hapoay. Oa«HM H3 ynacTHHKOB napimaHcxoro aiBHJxeHHa b Beaopyc- ch« 6ua xa3ax Aanfi UJapawiOB. BofiHa 3aCTana ero aa rpaaaiie, b BenocToxe, b bbbhhh wiajtmero aeftreHairra. B aeHb BepoaoM- Horo BanaaeHHa apara oh mpHHaa 11a rpaHHue 6ofi, OTCTaHBaa xawiayio naab poaHofi 3e.vuiH. Flotom noapa3ae-ieHHe A. IIlapH- noBa oxa3aaocb b ray6oxoM BpawecxoM Tuny. B TUJiy apara oh opraHH30Baa He6o.ibiuofi napTH3aHcxxfi OTpaa b cocraBe 13 qe- aoBex. B aarycie 1941 roaa OTpaa yjaiHo ooBepuiiia HaaeT Ha rHTaepoBCKHft rapHH30H, pa3MecTHBiunflca b oahoh 6eaapyccxofl aepeBHe. 20 raraepoBneB 6uah yHH'iTo*eHbi. KpecTbjwe, xcH3Hb xoTopux cnacaH napTH3aHu, B,iH.iHCb b 0T.paa. Paau HapoaHux 302
CaeBa nanpaBo: K- KailceHOB, C. A. Roman, E. JX. JIoMai;. MCTHTejiefl cpa3y yBejiHaHJiHCb n qe-rhipe pa3a. Zlawe 67-jieTHiifi CTapHK UapbKOB riontejiaji yPnu c napTusauaMH. B aiiBape 1942 roaa nporaB nap-nuaH orpaiia A. IlIapHiioBa rHTJiepoBUbi BhicjiaaH KaparejibHbifi oTpaa. Boil o ah jicsi GoJiee AByx 'iacoB h KOMHHJica nofieaoft napTH3an. Ha mojie 6oa ocra- aocb 175 BpaJKecKHX TpynoB. Cpean Haceacmia pacripocrpaiiH- Jiacb BecTb o rposHoft onjie, sacraB-HBUie# TpeneTaTb nnviepoB- CKHe rapHHaoHW. Pocjia aereiiAapnaa caaBa OTpnxta, yMHO>na- .iHCb ero pHAbi. K MOMeiiTy oS-bCAHHenHa c HacTynaioniHMii qa- ctbmh CoBeTCKoii Ap.Maa OTpaa A. IIIapitnoBa supoc bo mhoto pa3. Ha cqeTy orpsma qncanaocb jio AecjiTH Tbicaq yiiH'iTOJKeH- Hbix (JiauiHCTOB, AecaTKii B3opBaHHbtx BiueaoHOB, aceae3HoAopow- 303
KoMaiiHHp napTiraaHCKoro oipaaa A. IlIapanoB. HHX MOCTOB, yHH1TOOK6HHbIX TaHKOB, COTHq KHJlOMeTpOB pa3py- uieHHoro pejihcoBoro nyro. EbiBiuHft yurrejib, HHcneKTop oraeaa HapoaHoro o6pa30Ba- hhh IlaBaoaapCKOft o6aacTH, KacbiM KaficeiioB aBJiaaca oahhm H3 opraHa3aTopoB apyroro naprasaHCKoro orpaaa, 3aieM pyKO- BOAHTane.M noancuibHoro napTH3aHCKoro ueHTpa omoro pafloHa yKpannbi. ZleflcTBOBaBuiHii 6 KaaHHHHCKofi ofijiacrti napra3aH- ckhh OTpaa Hay.MeTa Kaiimegaeaa nocjie ocBo6o*fleiiHa KajiH- hhhckoB o6.iacTH bahjicb b paabi CoBe-rcKoft Apmhh. HayMer KaiuaefiaeB yaacTBOBaa b uiTypMe BepaHHa a Ha cieiie pefix- cTara Haiwcaji: «B paaax CoBeTCKofi A pmhh a npoiuea nyTb ot JleHHHrpaaa ao Bepjmna, yaacTBOBaa b ocBo6owaeHHH ot ne- 304
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- 359
