Social-Studies-Grade-12-Nepal

["-v_\ttflnd\u00f7kl| zIf0f k|lzIf0f s]Gb| tyf To:t} ks| f\/sf lzIffnox\u00bfn] ljzi] f l;k ljsf; ug{] tflnd kb| fg ub{5g\\\\, h:t} M ss' tflnd, l;sdL{ tflnd, e6] l] \/g\/L tflnd, lzIfs tflnd cflb . o:tf tflndx\u00bf k\\\"j;{ j] fsfnLg \/ ;]jfsfnLg bj' } k|sf\/sf x'G5g\\\\ . To:t} tflndx\u00bf cfk} rfl\/s \/ cgfk} rfl\/s b'j} k|sf\/sf xG' 5g\\\\ . sg' } Ps Ifq] df ljzi] f bIftf ePsf dfgj ;;+ fwg tof\/ ug{ tflnd\u00f7kl| zIf0f k|bfg ul\/G5 . tflndx\u00bf 5f]6f] cjlw \/ nfdf] cjlwsf xG' 5g\\\\ . -u_\tsf]lr\u00aa sf]lr\u00aa Pp6f bl} gs \u00bfkdf hgzlSt \/ p;sf] lg\/LIfs jf ;k' l\/jI] fslar eO\/xg] cGt\/ljm| of xf] . o; k|ljm| ofdf lg\/LIfs jf ;'kl\/Ifsn] sfdbf\/nfO{ ;r\\\" gf, hfgsf\/L tyf ;Nnfx ;'emfj kb| fg ub{5 . o;df hgzlStsf] sfo{;Dkfbgaf\/] ;sf\/fTds k[i7kfi] f0f lbgs' f ;fy} p;sf] sfo;{ Dkfbgdf ePsf sdL sdhf]\/Lkl| t Wofgfsif0{ f u\/fO{ To;nfO{ ;'wf\/ ug{ cfjZos ;xof]u klg ul\/G5 . of] dV' otM cgfk} rfl\/s \u00bfkdf ;j] fsfnLg \u00bfkdf ul\/G5 . o;sf] p2Z] o hgzlSt;Fu ldn\/] p;sf sfo;{ Dkfbgdf \/xs] f ;d:of ;dfwfg u\/L p;sf] sfo;{ Dkfbg ;'wf\/ u\/L ;+:yfsf] p2Z] o k|fKt ug'{ xf] . -3_\t sfo{ut tflnd sfou{ t tflnd eGgfn] Pp6f bIf \/ cge' jL sfdbf\/ \/ csf]{ gofF jf l;sf? sfdbf\/larsf] cfk} rfl\/s jf cgfk} rfl\/s ;DaGw a'lemG5 . o:tf] ;DaGwdf l;sf?n] bIf \/ cg'ejL sfdbf\/af6 ;+:yfut ;:+ s[lt tyf cfjZos 1fg tyf l;k sfd ubfu{ b{} l;Sg] ub{5, h:tM} k\/Dk\/fut k];f -h:t} d\\\"lt{snf_ cFufn]sf kl\/jf\/df cuh| x\u00bfaf6 gofF ;b:on] pSt k;] fsf l;kx\u00bf l;Sg', Jofkfl\/sf kl\/jf\/sf gofF k':tfn] k'\/fgf] k':tfaf6 Jofkf\/sf 1fg l;Sg', ;xrfnsn] rfns;uF l;Sb} cfkm\\\" klg rfns aGg' cflb . -\u00aa_\t:jfWofog sfdbf\/x\u00bf cfkm} klg cfkmg\\\\ f] k;] fdf cfjZos 1fg, l;k \/ Ifdtf ljsf; ub5{ g\\\\ . To;sf nflu cfkmn\\\" ] sfd ubf{ub}{ cfkmg\\\\ } cg'ejaf6 l;Sg], cfkmg\\\\ f] k];fsf nflu cfjZos 1fg \/ l;ksf nflu k:' ts, cl8of,] lel8of,] OG6\/g6] cflbaf6 cWoog u\/\/] l;Sg] jf cfkmn}F ] km';b{ sf] ;dodf cfk} rfl\/s lzIff k|fKt ug{] cflb ug{ ;lsG5 . dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf; \/ lzIffsf] ;DaGw lzIff \/ dfgj ;;+ fwg ljsf; bj' n} ] JolStnfO{ 1fg \/ l;k k|bfg u\/L p;sf] Ifdtf ljsf; ub5{ g\\\\ . o;\/L ;fdfGo \u00bfkdf xb] f{ oL bj' } p:t} nfU5g\\\\ . t\/ lzIffn] JolStnfO{ zf\/Ll\/s, dfgl;s, ;fdflhs tyf ;j+ ]ufTds \u00bfkdf ;kmn hLjg afRgsf nflu cfjZos ;fdfGo tyf ljlzi6 1fg, l;k \/ Ifdtf ljsf; u\/fp5F eg] dfgj ;;+ fwg ljsf;n] JolStnfO{ Pp6f lglZrt Ifq] sf] ljlzi6 1fg, l;k \/ Ifdtf ljsf; u\/fpF5 . t;y{ lzIff \/ dfgj ;;+ fwg ljsf;nfO{ Pscsf{nfO{ ;xof]u ug{] u\/L ;Fu;uF } cufl8 a9fpg ;s] bj' } k0| ffnLx\u00bfnfO{ cem k|efjsf\/L agfpg ;lsG5 . s'g} klg bz] ljsf;sf nflu kofK{ t bIf hgzlSt pknAw x'gk' b{5 . To:tf hgzlSt ljsf; ug{ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] ofu] L lzIff, sIff !@\t 351","\/fHon] dfgj ;;+ fwg ljsf; ofh] gf agfPsf] xG' 5 . o:tf ofh] gfdf >d ahf\/df dfu ePsf hgzlStsf ks| f\/ \/ kl\/df0fsf cfwf\/df sg' s'g hgzlSt slt slt kl\/df0fdf pTkfbg ug{] lgwf\/{ 0f ul\/Psf] x'G5 . ToxL ofh] gfsf cfwf\/df lzIff If]qn] hgzlSt pTkfbg ub{5 . o;sf nflu ;fwf\/0f lzIff \/ k|fljlws tyf Jofj;flos lzIff b'jn} ] sfo{ ub{5g\\\\ . g]kfndf \/fHon] pko'St dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf; of]hgf lgdf{0f ug{ ;s]sf] 5g} . To;sf\/0fn] lzIff If]qn] ;fwf\/0f lzIffnfO{ kf| yldstfdf \/fvs] f 5 . ;fwf\/0f lzIffn] 1fg ePsf t\/ ljz]if l;k gePsf hgzlSt pTkfbg ug{] ePsfn] To:tf w]\/} hgzlSt a]\/f]huf\/ xG' 5g\\\\ . oL JolStx\u00bfdWo] w]\/} t j}bl] zs \/fh] uf\/df cbIf hgzlSt \u00bfkdf sfd ug{ hfG5g\\\\ . o;\/L Psflt\/ gk] fnsf hgzlSt a]\/f]huf\/ 5g\\\\ eg] csf{]lt\/ ljleGg kf| ljlws If]qdf gk] fndf hgzlSt cefj eP\/ cGo bz] af6 sfdbf\/ Nofpgk' g]{ cj:yf \/xs] f] 5 . t;y{ xfn gk] fn ;\/sf\/n] kf| ljlws tyf Jofj;flos lzIffnfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 . lzIff klg Pp6f >dahf\/ l;hg{ f ug{] Pp6f dfWod xf] . o; Ifq] df klg w\/] } JolStx\u00bf sfd ub5{ g\\\\ . logLx\u00bfnfO{ klg k;] fdf kj| z] u\/k] l5 k;] fut Ifdtf ljsf; u\/fpg' kb5{ . To;sf nflu ljleGg tflnd, ufi] 7L, ;l] dgf\/nufotsf dfgj ;;+ fwg ljsf;sf cj;\/x\u00bf kb| fg ul\/G5 . ljm| ofsnfk !=\tcfkm\\\\gf] sIff ;fyLx\u00bfsf kl\/jf\/ ;b:ox\u00bfsf] k;] faf\/] ;fW] gx' f;] \\\\ \/ sDtLdf !) hgfsf] ljj\/0f tnsf] tflnsfdf eg{'xf;] \\\\ . jm| =;= gfd k];f hgzlStsf] k|sf\/ cf}krfl\/s lzIff cGo dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf; @=\tdflysf] tflnsfsf cfwf\/df sg' k];fdf s] s:tf cfk} rfl\/s lzIff \/ s] s:tf k];fut ljsf; cfjZos xG' 5g\\\\ < sIffdf 5nkmn u\/L lgisif{nfO{ tflnsfdf k:| t't ug{'xf];\\\\ . cEof; !=\t tnsf kZ| gx\u00bfsf pQ\/ lbg'xf];\\\\ M \t -s_\t dfgj ;;+ fwg eg]sf] s] xf] < \t -v_\tlzIff \/ dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf;larsf] Ps km\/s n]Vg'xf;] \\\\ . \t -u_\t sfou{ t tflndsf] kl\/ro lbg'xf;] \\\\ . \t -3_\t dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf;sf tl\/sfx\u00bf n]vL s'g} bO' {sf] JofVof ugx'{ f];\\\\ . \t -\u00aa_\t dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf;df lzIffsf] el\\\" dsf zLifs{ df Ps 5f6] f] n]v tof\/ ug{x' f;] \\\\ . \t -r_\tlzIff \/ dfgj ;+;fwglarsf] ;DaGwnfO{ pbfx\/0f;lxt k:| t't ug'{xf];\\\\ . 352\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] of]uL lzIff , sIff !@","@ lzIffdf kxr'\u201c \/ ;dfj]lztf kf7 M tnsf] 36gfx\u00bf cWoog u\/f}\u201c M 36gf ! ;\/nfsf] ufpFdf dfWolds ljBfno 5}g . To;n} ] sIff * k\/\\\" f u\/k] l5 pgsf s]xL ;fyLx\u00bf ;x\/sf ljBfnodf uP\/ kl9\/xs] f 5g\\\\ eg] sx] L ;fyLx\u00bf laxfg bO' { 306f \/ an] s' f b'O{ 306f lx8\\\\g'kg]{ kNnf] ufpsF f] ljBfnodf egf{ ePsf 5g\\\\ . pgL \/ pgsf sx] L ;fyLx\u00bf eg] ljBfno hfg kfPsf 5}gg\\\\ . pgsf aa' fcfdfn] pgnfO{ ;x\/df \/fv]\/ k9fpg ;Sgx' 'Gg . ljBfno 6f9f ePsfn] \/ af6fdf h\u00aa\\\\un \/ vfn] f ePsfn] kNnf] ufpdF f \/x]sf] ljBfno k7fpg klg pxfxF \u00bfn] ;'\/lIft dx;;' ug{ ;Sg'ePg . pgL a'afcfdfnfO{ vt] LkftL \/ 3\/fo;L sfddf ;xof]u u\/]\/ lbg latfpg afWo lyOg\\\\ . Ps lbg ufpFs} lzIfsn] pgnfO{ vn' f ljBfnoaf\/] atfOlbg'eof] . pxfnF ] km;' {bsf] ;dodf l;sf?sf] ;docgs' n\\\" v'nf ljBfnodf k9\\\\g ldNg] s\/' f ug'e{ of] . To;}n] clxn] pgL glhs}sf] ufpdF f \/x]sf] v'nf ljBfnodf sIff !) cWoog ub{}l5g\\\\ . 36gf @ ;fu\/ ;x\/sf] ;\/sf\/L ljBfnodf cWoog ub{5g\\\\ . pgsf] sIffdf k9g\\\\ ] w]\/} ;fyLx\u00bfsf] 3\/ ufpdF f k5{ . pgLx\u00bfdWo] sx] L ;fyLx\u00bf t c\u00bfsf] 3\/df a:5g\\\\ . pgLx\u00bfn] laxfg a]ns' f 3\/sf] sfd u\/]\/ afFsL ;dodf dfq k9g\\\\ kfPsf 5g\\\\ . c\u00bf ;fyLx\u00bfsf cfdfaa' f HofdL sfd u\/\/] u'hf\/f ug{'x'G5 . pgLx\u00bfnfO{ ljBfno kf];fs, sfkLsndnufotsf cfjZos ;fduL| lsGg klg sl7g 5 . ljBfnodf ul\/a tyf hx] ]Gbf\/ 5fqj[lQ, dlxnf 5fqj[lQ, blnt 5fqjl[ Q cflb kb| fg ul\/g] sf\/0f lar}df ljBfno 5f8g\\\\ ] b\/df sdL cfPsf] 5 . 36gf # ljsf; ;x\/df a:5g\\\\ . pgsf] jl\/kl\/ dxFuf lghL ljBfnox\u00bf 5g\\\\ . t\/ pgsf cfdfaa' fsf] cflys{ cj:yf sdhf]\/ ePsfn] pxfxF \u00bf tL ljBfnosf] z'Ns ltg{ ;Sgx' 'Gg . ;fdb' flos\u00f7;\/sf\/L ljBfno pgL a:g] 7fpaF f6 sl\/a % lsnfl] d6\/ 6f9f 5g\\\\ . To;}n] pgn] ljBfno hfg a; r9\\\\g'kg{] xG' 5 . t\/ pgL;Fu ;we}F l\/ k};f xbF' }g . k;} f gePsf] ;dodf slxn] pgL lx8\/] ljBfno hfG5g\\\\ eg] slxn] 3\/d} a:5g\\\\ . ljBfno lxF8]\/ hfFbf \/ cfpFbf pgL w\/] } ylst ePsfn] pgL rfF8} ;'T5g\\\\ . 3\/sf] sfddf klg ;3fpg' kb5{ . pgnfO{ ux[ sfo{ ug{ ;do g} k'Ub}g . pgsf] ljBfnodf gu\/kflnsf \/ cGo ;xof]uL bftfx\u00bfn] lbjf vfhfsf] Joj:yf u\/]sf]n] ljBfyL{ egf{ ;\u00aa\\\\Vof ut ljutdf eGbf al9\/x]sf] 5 . ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kof]uL lzIff, sIff !@\t 353","tnsf kZ| gx\u00bfdfly 5nkmn u\/f}F M -s_\t ljBfno hfg g;Sg'df s] s] sf\/0fx\u00bf xb'F f \/x5] g\\\\ < -v_\t dflysf 36gfdf plNnlvt ljBfyL{sf] k9fOsf] :t\/ s:tf] 5 xf]nf < o:tf] :t\/ xg' fsf sf\/0fx\u00bf s] s] xf]nfg\\\\ < -u_\t o:tf kl\/l:yltx\u00bfdf \/xs] f ljBfyL{sf nflu ;xh kl\/l:yltdf Nofpg s;s;n] s] s] ug{'knf{ < lzIffdf kxF' r kxFr' eGgfn] sg' } :yfgdf kj| ]z ug]{ jf sg' } j:t' k|fKt ug]{ tyf ko| f]u ug{] :jtGqtf jf Ifdtf eGg] a'lemG5 . lzIffdf kx'Fr egs] f] \u2026ln\u00aa\\\\u, ;fdflhs ju{, hftLo ki[ 7el\\\" d, ckf\u00aa\\\\utf cflbsf cfwf\/df sg' } e]befj ljgf ;a}n] lzIff lng ;Sg] Ifdtf \/ cj;\/ k|fKt ug{' xf] . lzIffdf ;as} f] kxrF' a\/fa\/ xFb' }g . ;fdfGotofM JolStsf] n}\u00aal\\\\ us klxrfg, cfly{s ;fdflhs ki[ 7el\\\" d, hftLo klxrfg, ;fdflhs \/fhgLlts jftfj\/0f cflbsf sf\/0f lzIffdf kx'rF sd jf a9L xg' ;S5 . ca lzIffdf kx'Fr sd u\/fpg] t\u0152jx\u00bfaf\/] 5f6] f] rrf{ u\/f}F M lzIffdf kx'Frsf afwfx\u00bf n}\u00aal\\\\ us klxrfg, cflys{ ;fdflhs ki[ 7el\\\" d, hftLo klxrfg, ;fdflhs \/fhgLlts jftfj\/0f cflbn] lzIffdf sd jf a9L kxFr' u\/fpg ;S5g\\\\ . To:tf afwfx\u00bfnfO{ ljleGg ;d\\\"xdf cWoog ug{ ;lsG5 M -s_\t \/fHo :t\/sfafwfx\u00bfM pkoS' t lzIff k|0ffnL \/ kf7o\\\\ j|mdsf] cefj, sfg'gL Joj:yf \/ o;sf] kfngf, 3\/ \/ ljBfnolarsf] b\/' L cflb . -v_\tljBfno \/ sIffsf7] fsf afwfx\u00bfM hftLo, n\u00aa} l\\\\ us tyf afn clwsf\/sf] ;\/+ If0fdf pbfl;gtf, lzIfs sdr{ f\/Laf6 e]befj, sd tflnd kf| Kt lzIfsx\u00bf, k\/Dk\/fut lzIf0f ljlw\u00f7kl| jm| of, dft[efifL lzIfssf] cefj \/ dlxnf lzIfssf] sdL cflb . -u_\t cflys{ ;fdflhs afwfx\u00bfM dlxnf \/ k'?iflarsf] eb] efj, ul\/aL, jfn ljjfx, ;fdflhs eb] efj \/ hftLo k];f cFufNg] rng cflb . -3_\t ;f+:s[lts tyf wfld{s afwfx\u00bfM afnljjfx, lzIff;DaGwL rt] gfsf] sdL, lzIffdf 5f\/] fx\u00bfnfO{ kf| yldstf, cfwl' gs lzIffkl| tsf] cljZjf;, bfOhf,] bp] sL h:tf s\/' Lltx\u00bf cflb . -\u00aa_\t JolStut afwfx\u00bfM ?lrs\/ ljifo gxg' ,' kfl\/jfl\/s k|j[lQ, ;fdflhs ;f:+ s[lts d\\\"No dfGotf, ckf\u00aau\\\\ tf, lzIffdf c;kmntf, Go\\\"g cfTd;Ddfg \/ sdhf]\/ dgfj] l[ Q cflb . -r_\t ljkt\\\\ tyf ;\u00aa\\\\s6;DaGwL afwfx\u00bfM k|fsl[ ts k|sfk] , dxfdf\/L, o'4 \/ \u00e5G\u00e5 cflb . -5_\t k|fljlws afwfx\u00bfM ljB't\\\\, sDKo6' \/, OG6\/g]6h:tf ;r\\\" gf tyf ;~rf\/ kl| jlwdf kxrF' gx'g' . 354\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] of]uL lzIff , sIff !@","lzIffdf ;dfjl] ztf og\\\" :] sfs] f cg;' f\/ l;sfO, ;:+ sl[ t \/ ;db' fodf ;xeflutf jl[ 4 u\/L afnaflnsf, oj' f \/ jo:sx\u00bfsf ljljwtfo'St cfjZostfx\u00bfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ tyf lzIffdf ePsf] alxis\/0fnfO{ 36fpg] \/ lgd{\\\"n kfg{] k|ljm| of g} ;dfjl] ztf xf] . ;dfj]zL lzIff ;a} afnaflnsfx\u00bfnfO{ ljBfno k7fpg tyf pgLx\u00bfnfO{ cfjZos l;kx\u00bf l;sfpg \/ ljsf; u\/fpg ;ae} Gbf ke| fjsf\/L pkfo dflgPsf] 5 . o; k|sf\/sf] lzIff k|0ffnLn] km\/s km\/s ki[ 7el\\\" d \/ Ifdtfsf afnaflnsfx\u00bfsf] ofu] bfgnfO{ sb\/ ub}{ ljljwtf ePsf ;dx\\\" nfO{ ;uF ;Fu} x's{g dbt ub{5 . o;\/L ;a} k|sf\/sf afnaflnsfnfO{ Pp6} sIffdf \/fv\/] lzIf0f ubf{ km\/s Ifdtf \/ cfjZostf ePsf tyf ;fdfGo afnaflnsf b'j} y\/LnfO{ kmfObf kU' 5 . ;dfjz] L lzIffn] lzIffdf ;xeflutf xg' \/ z}lIfs pknlAw xfl;n ug{af6 al~rt u\/fpg] afwfx\u00bfnfO{ ;Lldt kfg{, ljljw Ifdtf, cfjZostf \/ ljzi] ftfx\u00bfnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{ tyf ;a} ks| f\/sf e]befjx\u00bf lgdn{\\\" kfg{ ;xofu] ub{5 . To;}n] kl5 kfl\/Psf \/ ;LdfGts[t ;d\\\"xnfO{ lzIffsf] d\\\"nwf\/df Nofpg \/ pgLx\u00bfnfO{ u'0f:t\/Lo lzIff k|bfg ug{ ;dfjz] L gLlt \/ sfoj{ m| dx\u00bf ljsf; \/ sfofG{ jog ug'k{ b{5 . lzIffdf ;dfj]lztfn] ljBfnonfO{ ;'wf\/ u\/L kT| o]s afnaflnsfn] u0' f:t\/Lo lzIff kf| Kt ug{] ;'lglZrt ub{5 . afwfx\u00bf klxrfg ug{] \/ x6fpg] sfo{ slxNo} cGTo gxg' ] kl| j|mof xf] . o;n] ljBfyLs{ f, ljzi] f u\/\/] alxis\/0fdf k\/s] f, ;LdfGtst[ jf Gog\\\" pknlAwsf] vt\/f ePsf ljBfyLs{ f] ljBfnodf pkl:ylt, ;xeflutf \/ z}lIfs pknlAw jl[ 4 ug]{ p2]Zo \/fV5 . gk] ffndf lzIffdf kxr\u201c' \/ ;dfjl] ztf ;dfj]zL lzIff gk] fndf ;g\\\\ @))) df ;as} f nflu lzIff (Education for All) sfo{j|md;uF } lelqPsf] xf] . ;g\\\\ @)!! b]lv gk] fn ;\/sf\/n] ckf\u00aa\\\\utf ePsf JolStx\u00bfsf clwsf\/ tyf z}lIfs cj;\/sf nflu ljBfno ;w' f\/ ug]{ sfo{ ul\/\/xs] f] 5 . ;dfj]zL lzIff ;DaGwdf g]kfnn] ljleGg cGt\/f{li6o\u00ab dxf;lGw \/ ;dembf\/Ldf x:tfIf\/ ug's{ f ;fy} \/fli6\u00abo :t\/df klg sfg'gL Joj:yf u\/s] f] 5 . tL dxf;lGwx\u00bfdWo] afnclwsf\/;DaGwL ;o+ S' t \/fi6\u00ab ;\u00aa3\\\\ Lo dxf;lGw, !(*( (UN Convention on the Rights of the\u00a0Child, 1989) sf] wf\/f @* n] ;a} afnaflnsfx\u00bfnfO{ lgMzN' s k|fylds lzIff kfpg] clwsf\/sf] Joj:yf u\/]sf] 5 . To:t} lbuf] ljsf;sf nIox\u00bfsf] nIo g= $ df ;g\\\\ @)#) ;Dddf ;a} afnaflnsfx\u00bfnfO{ lgMzN' s, ;dtfd\\\"ns tyf u'0f:t\/Lo kf| ylds tyf dfWolds lzIff k\/\\\" f ug{] ;'lglZrt u\/fpg] egs] f] 5 . gk] fnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf\/f #! -lzIff;DaGwL xs_ df \u2026kT| os] gful\/snfO{ \/fHoaf6 cfwf\/e\\\"t tx;Ddsf] lzIff clgjfo{ \/ lgMzN' s tyf dfWolds tx;Ddsf] lzIff lgMz'Ns kfpg] xs\u00da k|bfg ul\/Psf] 5 . ToxL wf\/fdf b[li6ljxLg gful\/snfO{ a|n] lnlk tyf :j\/ jf af]nfO;DaGwL ckf\u00aa\\\\utf ePsf gful\/snfO{ ;f\u00aas\\\\ l] ts efiffsf dfWodaf6 lzIff kfpg] xs kb| fg u\/]sf] 5 . ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] ofu] L lzIff, sIff !@\t 355","xfn g]kfndf ljzi] f cfjZostf ePsf JolStx\u00bfsf nflu dV' otM b'O{ tl\/sfn] lzIff kb| fg ul\/Psf] 5 . klxnf] tl\/sfnfO{ 5'6\\\\ofpg] ljlw elgG5 . o; ljlwdf ljz]if cfjZostf ePsf JolStx\u00bfsf nflu 56' 6\\\\ } ljBfno jf 5'6\\\\6} sIffsf] Joj:yf ul\/Psf] x'G5, h:tM} alx\/f ljBfno, dlxnf ljBfno, sGof ljBfno cflb . To:t} sx] L ljBfnodf Ps k|sf\/sf] ckf\u00aau\\\\ tf ePsf ljBfyL{x\u00bfnfO{ Pp6f 56' \\\\6} sIffdf \/fvL pgLx\u00bfsf] ljz]if Ifdtf \/ cfjZostfcg';f\/ lzIf0f ug]{ ljzi] f ;|f]t sIffx\u00bf ;~rfng eO\/x]sf 5g\\\\ . o; ljlwn] kxFr' j[l4df sx] L ;xofu] k'\u00a5ofPsf] eP tfklg ljz]if cfjZostf ePsf ;a} afnaflnsfx\u00bfnfO{ ;d6] g\\\\ ;s]sf] 5g} . bf;] |f] tl\/sf rflxF ;dfj]zL ljlw xf] . o; ljlwdf ljzi] f cfjZostf ePsf afnaflnsfx\u00bfnfO{ klg ;fdfGo afnaflnsfx\u00bf;Fu} \/fv\/] lzIf0f ul\/G5 . t\/ pgLx\u00bfnfO{ yk tyf ljzi] f ;xofu] pknAw u\/fOG5, h:t} M bl[ i6ljxLg ljBfyL{sf nflu a]n| kf7o\\\\ k':ts, a|]nlnlkdf k\/LIff lbg kfpg] Joj:yf tyf a]|nlnlk hfGg] ;xofu] L lzIfs pknAw u\/fOPsf] x'G5 eg] ;:' t>j0f tyf alx\/f ljBfyL{x\u00bfsf nflu ;fdfGo sIffdf lzIf0f ug's{ f cltl\/St ;f\u00aas\\\\ ]lts efiff l;sfpg] \/ a'emfpg] lzIfssf] Joj:yf ul\/Psf] x'G5 . To:t} Go\\\"g bl[ i6 ePsf afnaflnsfx\u00bfnfO{ sIffsf] cluNnf] :yfgdf a:g] Joj:yf ul\/G5 . 5fqfx\u00bf, ckf\u00aa\\\\utf ePsf, lk5l8Psf] ;d\\\"xsf, \u00e5G\u00e5kLl8t cflb ;dx\\\" sf ljBfyL{sf nflu ;\/sf\/L tj\/af6 5fqjl[ Qsf] Joj:yf;dt] ul\/Psf] 5 . dfly pNn]v ul\/Pafx]s lzIffdf kx'Fr \/ ;dfj]lztf j[l4 ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;\/sf\/n] lgDgcg;' f\/sf sfox{ \u00bf ul\/\/x]sf] 5 . cfwf\/et\\\" tx;Dd lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf sIff !@ ;Dd lgMzN' s kf7o\\\\ k:' tssf] Joj:yf dlxnf, blnt, ;LdfGs[t, \u00e5GbkLl8t cflb ;dx\\\" sf afnaflnsfx\u00bfnfO{ 5fqjl[ Qsf] Joj:yf a|n] kf7o\\\\ k:' ts 5kfO \/ lgMz'Ns ljt\/0fsf] Joj:yf ljBfno ejgnufotsf efl} ts ;\/+ rgfnfO{ ckf\u00aau\\\\ dq} L agfpg] Joj:yf ljBfnodf 56' 6\\\\ } zf}rfnosf] Joj:yf ljleGg ks| f\/sf ckf\u00aau\\\\ tf ePsf JolStx\u00bfsf nflu ljzi] f ;|f]t sIffx\u00bfsf] Joj:yf lj|mofsnfk !=\ttkfO{Fsf] ljBfnodf km\/s Ifdtf jf cfjZostf ePsf afnaflnsf sf] sf] \/x]sf 5g\\\\ < ltgLx\u00bfsf] ljj\/0f ;\u00aa\\\\sng u\/L tnsf] tflnsf egx'{ f;] \\\\ \/ sIffdf k:| t't ugx{' f];\\\\ . 356\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kofu] L lzIff , sIff !@","km\/s Ifdtfsf] k|sf\/ ;\u00aa\\\\Vof lzIffsf nflu ljzi] f ljBfnon] u\/s] f] ljzi] f cfjZostf Joj:yf ;':t>j0f afl} 4s ckf\u00aau\\\\ tf b[li6ljxLg eflifs cNk;\u00aa\\\\Vos \u00e5G\u00e5 kLl8t @=\t sIffsf ljBfyL{ rf\/ kfFr hgfsf] ;d\\\"xdf ljefhg ug'{xf];\\\\ . k|To]s ;d\\\"xdf JolStnfO{ lzIffsf] kxF' raf6 al~rt u\/fpg] sf\/0fx\u00bf \/ lzIffdf kx'Fr jl[ 4 ug{] pkfox\u00bfaf\/] 5nkmn u\/L pSt 5nkmnsf] lgisif{ sIffdf k|:t't ug{'xf];\\\\ . cEof; !=\t tnsf k|Zgsf pQ\/ lbgx' f];\\\\ M \t -s_\t lzIffdf kxFr' eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 < \t -v_\t;dfgtf \/ ;dtflarsf] Ps km\/s n]Vg'xf;] \\\\ . \t -u_\t lzIffdf ;dfj]lztfsf] kl\/ro lbgx' f;] \\\\ . \t -3_\tgk] fnsf] ;+ljwfgn] cfwf\/e\\\"t tyf dfWolds lzIff ;DaGwdf s:tf] dfl} ns xssf] Joj:yf u\/]sf] 5 < \t -\u00aa_\t lzIffdf kx'rF xg' af6 \/f]Sg] afwfx\u00bfdWo] sg' } kfrF cf]6fsf] 5f6] f] kl\/ro lbg'xf];\\\\ . \t -r_\tkm\/s Ifdtf tyf cfjZostf ePsf afnaflnsfx\u00bfnfO{ 56' \\\\6} sIffdf \/fVg] ljlw \/ pgLx\u00bfnfO{ klg ;fdfGo afnaflnsfx\u00bf;uF } \/fv]\/ lzIf0f ug]{ tl\/sf, ;dfjl] ztflar km\/s 5'6o\\\\ fpg'xf;] \\\\ . \t -5_\t lzIffdf kxrF' jl[ 4 ug{ \/fHoaf6 cjnDag ul\/Psf pkfox\u00bfsf] ;dLIff ug'x{ f];\\\\ . \t -h_\t lzIffdf ;dfj]lztfn] NofPsf ;s\/fTds kl\/jtg{ x\u00bfsf] rrf{ ugx{' f];\\\\ . ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kofu] L lzIff, sIff !@\t 357","#\t lzIffn] ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:sl[ ts ljsf;df \tkf7 M Nofpg] kl\/jtg{ \/ ke| fj ;fdflhs ljsf; ;dfhsf] ;kmntf o;sf ;b:ox\u00bfsf] ;kmntf;Fu hfl] 8g] ePsfn] ;dfhsf kT| o]s JolStn] cfkm\\\\gf] Ifdtfsf] pRrtd tx;Dd kU' g ;Sg] u\/L pgLx\u00bfsf] ;'ljwfdf ;'wf\/ ug'{ g} ;fdflhs ljsf; xf] . JolStn] cfTdljZjf; \/ cfTd;Ddfgsf ;fy cfkmg\\\\ f] ;kgftkms{ f] ofqf ug{af6 \/fS] g] ;a} afwfx\u00bf x6fpg'kb{5, h:t} M ul\/aLdf afFlr\/xs] f dflg;x\u00bfnfO{ o;af6 dS' t u\/L ;d[l4tkm{ n}hfg' ;fdflhs ljsf; xf] . ;fdflhs ljsf;n] dflg;x\u00bfnfO{ b'Mv kL8f, c;xhtf, afwf aGwg, ;Lldttf, cGofo, c1fgtf, c;Ifdtf cflbaf6 dl' St lbnfO{ ;xh, ;v' L \/ v;' L hLjg ofkg u\/fpg] nIo \/fV5 . ;+oS' t \/fi6\u00ab ;\u00aa\\\\3Lo ljsf; sfoj{ m| dn] lzIff, :jf:Yo \/ cfDbfgLnfO{ dfgj ljsf;sf tLg Ifq] dfgs] f] 5 . To;dWo] lzIff\/ :jf:YonfO{ rflxF ;fdflhs ljsf;sf kIfx\u00bf dflgPsf] 5 . ;fdflhs ljsf;df lzIffsf] el\\\" dsf dfgj ljsf; ugs{ f nflu ;fdflhs ljsf; cfjZos 5 . lzIff \/ :jf:YonfO{ ;fdflhs ljsf;sf dV' o t\u0152jx\u00bf dflgG5 . lzIffn] dflg;x\u00bfnfO{ 1fg, l;k \/ kl| jlw l;sfpgs' f ;fy} p;sf] afgL Jojxf\/df klg ;w' f\/ Nofpg dbt ub5{ . To;sf\/0f ;fdflhs ljsf;df lzIffsf] el\\\" dsf dx\u0152jk0\\\" f{ xg' ] s\/' f ;j{dfGo 5 . lzIffn] ;fdlhs ljsf;df lgDgfg;' f\/sf e\\\"ldsf v]N5 . ;fdflhsLs\/0f dflg;nfO{ ;dfhsf] d\\\"No dfGotf, gl} tstf, gLlt lgod, k\/Dk\/f, \/Lltl\/jfh, snf, ;flxTo h:tf ;fdflhsLs\/0fsf k|ljm| of l;sfpg] Pp6f dx\u0152jk0\\\" f{ dfWod lzIff xf] . Ifdtf ljsf; lzIffn] 1fg, l;k \/ k|ljlw lbP\/ JolStnfO{ bIf hgzlSt agfp5F . o:t,} cfkm\\\"nfO{ cfjZos k\/s] f] 1fg, l;k \/ k|ljlw kf| Kt ug]{ Ifdtf;d]t ljsf; u\/fpF5 . cfly{s ;dl[ 4 lzlIft JolStx\u00bfn] cfkm} \/fh] uf\/L l;h{gf u\/L cfkm\\\\gf] cfly{s ljsf; ug{ ;S5g\\\\ . To:t} logLx\u00bf bIf hgzlSt ePsfn] :jbz] L jf jb} l] zs \/fh] uf\/L ;xh} kf| Kt ug{ ;S5g\\\\ . cbIf hgzlSteGbf bIf hgzlStsf] cfDbfgL a9L x'g] ePsfn] logLx\u00bfn] rfF8} cfkm\\\\gf] cfly{s cj:yf ;'wf\/ ub{5g\\\\ . o;\/L lzIffn] ul\/aL lgjf\/0fdf ;xofu] k'\u00a5ofp5F . 358\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kofu] L lzIff , sIff !@",";an cy{tGq JolSt JolStsf] ljsf;sf] ;du| ?k g} \/fli6o\u00ab ljsf; xf] . lzIffn] JolStx\u00bfsf] Ifdtf ljsf; u\/L cflys{ ljsf;;d]t ug]{ ePsfn] o;n] \/fli6\u00abo cy{tGqnfO{ ;an agfpg ;xofu] ub5{ . c;n :jf:Yo lzlIft JolStx\u00bf cfkm\\\\gf] :jf:Yokl| t ;rt] x'G5g\\\\ . pgLx\u00bf sfd, cf\/fd \/ vfgflardf ;Gtn' g ug{ ;Ifd x'G5g\\\\ . To:t} pgLx\u00bf :j:y vfgs] \/' fx\u00bf plrt ;do \/ dfqfdf vfg hfGb5g\\\\ . pgLx\u00bf la:s'6, rfprfp h:tf ahf\/df kfOg] cNkkfi] fs vfgs] '\/fx\u00bfsf ;66\\\\ f 3\/d} ag]sf vfg]s'\/f vfg] ub5{ g\\\\ . u'0f:t\/Lo hLjg:t\/ dflg;x\u00bfsf] cfly{s cj:yf ;'wf\/ x'g' egs] f] jm| ozlSt j[l4 x'g' xf] . o:tf dflg;x\u00bfn] cfkm\\\\gf] hLjgnfO{ ;xh \/ cf\/fdbfoL agfpg cfjZos ef}lts j:tx' \u00bf vl\/b ug{ ;S5g\\\\ . To:t} lzlIft JolStx\u00bf c;n tyf :j:y afgL Jojxf\/ ug]{ ePsfn] klg logLx\u00bfsf] hLjg u0' f:t\/Lo x'G5 . nf]stflGqs ;dfh lgdf{0f nfs] tGq Pp6f \/fhgLlts Joj:yf dfq geP\/ nfs] tflGqs Jojxf\/ klg xf] . lzlIft JolStx\u00bfn] nf]stflGqs d\\\"No \/ dfGotf cfTd;ft\\\\ ug]{ ePsfn] logLx\u00bfn] nfs] tGqsf] :yfkgf \/ ;b' 9[ Ls\/0fdf dx\u0152jk0\\\" f{ e\\\"ldsf vN] 5g\\\\ . ;zlSts\/0fsf] ;fwg lzIffg} ;dfhdf kl5 kfl\/Psf jf ;LdfGts[t ;dx\\\" nfO{ ;zStLs\/0f u\/fpg] klxnf] pkfo xf] . g]kfndf dlxnf, hghflt, blnt cflb ;d\\\"xsf dflg;x\u00bfnfO{ ;zStLs\/0f u\/fpg pgLx\u00bfsf] lzIffdf kx'Fr jl[ 4 ug]{ sfo{jm| dx\u00bf ;~rfng ul\/Psf 5g\\\\ . o;n] pgLx\u00bfsf] Ifdtf tyf rt] gf:t\/df j[l4 u\/fp5F . To:t} pgLx\u00bfsf] cflys{ l:ylt klg ;w' f\/ u\/fp5F . c;dfgtf Gog\\\" Ls\/0f lzIffn] dflg;x\u00bfdf ;rt] gf a9fpg] ePsfn] o;n] ;dfhdf ePsf cflys{ , hftLo, n\u00aa} l\\\\ us, Ifq] Lo cflb c;dfgtfx\u00bfnfO{ Go\\\"gLs\/0f ug{ dbt ub{5 . o:t} lzIffn] ;dfhdf ePsf ljljwtfnfO{ ;d:of xfO] g cj;\/sf \u00bfkdf u|x0f ug{ l;sfpF5 . \u00e5G\u00e5 tyf ck\/fw Gog\\\" Ls\/0f lzIffsf sf\/0f dflg;x\u00bfn] \/f]huf\/L kf| Kt ug{] tyf \/f]huf\/ JolStx\u00bf cfkmg\\\\ f sfddf Jo:t \/xg] ePsfn] pgLx\u00bf \u00e5G\u00e5 tyf ck\/fw sfo{df ;n+ Ug x'g rfxbF }gg\\\\ . o;\/L lzIffn] ;dfhdf \u00e5G\u00e5 \/ ck\/fw Go\\\"gLs\/0fdf klg ;xofu] ub5{ . ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] of]uL lzIff, sIff !@\t 359",";Ifd gt] [Tj 5gf]6 lzlIft JolStx\u00bfn] cfkmg\\\\ f] g]tT[ j 5gf]6 ubf{ w\/] } ljrf\/ k'\u00a5ofp5F g\\\\ . o;\/L 5gf]6 ubf{ ;Ifd \/ pkoS' t g]t[Tj 5gf6] x'G5 . lbuf] ljsf; lzlIft JolStx\u00bfn] dflg; \/ jftfj\/0fsf] ;DaGw \/fd|\/L a'em\\\\g] ePsfn] pgLx\u00bf lbuf] ljsf;kl| t ;r]t xG' 5g\\\\ . pgLx\u00bf s'g} klg ;|ft] jf ;fwgsf] cgfjZos ko| fu] ubg{} g\\\\ . To;sf] ;6\\\\6f ;f| t] ;fwgsf] k'gMko| fu] \/ k'gMgjLs\/0f ub{5g\\\\ . JolStTj lgdf{0f lzIffsf kd| v' p2Z] ox\u00bfdWo] JolStsf] JolStTj lgdf{0f klg Ps xf] . o;sf nflu ;f+:s[lts hd36x\u00bfdf ;xefuL eO{ ;fdflhs cGt\/ljm| of, JolStut Ifdtf ljsf;, ;fdflhs ultzLntf h:tf kIfx\u00bf dxTjk\\\"0f{ xG' 5g\\\\ . lzIffn] oL kIfx\u00bfdf ;jn tyf ;Ifd agfpg] ePsfn] JolSt\u0152j lgdf0{ fdf lzIffn] dx\u0152jk\\\"0f{ el\\\" dsf vN] 5 . jftfj\/0f ;\/+ If0f lzlIft JolStx\u00bf jftfj\/0fsf] dx\u0152jkl| t ;rt] xg' ] ePsfn] pgLx\u00bf jftfj\/0f ;\/+ If0f ug]{ sfox{ \u00bfdf ;+nUg xG' 5g\\\\ . o:tf JolStx\u00bf ;f| ]t \/ ;fwgx\u00bf cgfjZos k|ofu] ub}g{ g\\\\ . lzIffn] ;f:+ s[lts ljsf;df kfg]{ k|efjx\u00bf lzIffn] k\/' fgf ;:+ sl[ tnfO{ ;fdflhsLs\/0fsf dfWodaf6 lg\/Gt\/tf lbG5 eg] gofF 1fg \/ cge' jsf cfwf\/df k\/' fgf ;+:s[ltnfO{ kl\/dfhg{ tyf gofF ;:+ sl[ tsf] l;hg{ f klg ub5{ . lzIffn] ;:+ sl[ tdf kfg{] ke| fjx\u00bf lgDgcg';f\/ 5g\\\\ M -s_\t;+:s[ltsf] ;\/+ If0f cfk} rfl\/s tyf cgf}krfl\/s lzIffn] ;dfhdf ePsf k\/Dk\/f, \/Lltl\/jfh, d\\\"No dfGotf, snf, g}ltstf cflbnfO{ l;sf?sf] dl:tisdf \/flvlbg] sfo{ ub{5 . o;\/L lzIffn] ;+:s[lt \/ ;fdflhs ;Dkbfsf] ;\/+ If0f ug{ dbt ub{5 . -v_\t;:+ sl[ tsf] k|;f\/0f xfdL ;:+ sl[ t ljgfsf] ;dfh xfdL sNkgf klg ug{ ;Sb}gf}F . Ps k':tfaf6 csf{] k':tfdf ;+:sl[ tsf] x:tfGt\/0f ug{] sfo{ lzIffaf6 dfq ;Dej x'G5 . o;\/L ;+:s[ltsf] x:tfGt\/0f ug{] sfo{ lzIffn] k\/\\\" f ub{5 . -u_\t;+:sl[ tsf] k|jwg{ lzIffn] ;:+ s[ltsf] ;+\/If0f \/ k|;f\/0f ug's{ f ;fy} kl\/jlt{t kl\/l:yltcg;' f\/ ;:+ s[ltdf kl\/jt{g \/ 360\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] of]uL lzIff , sIff !@",";w' f\/ klg NofpF5 . k'\/fgf c;fGbles{ ;f+:s[lts dN\\\" o dfGotfx\u00bfnfO{ lj:yflkt ug]{ jf ;'wf\/ ug]{ sfo{ lzIffn] g} ub5{ . -3_\tkl\/jltt{ ;+:sl[ tdf ;dfof]hg ;dfh kl\/jtg{ zLn ePsfn] ;dfhsf] ;:+ sl[ t klg kl\/jtg{ eO\/xG5 . t\/ ;fdfGotofM dflg;x\u00bf kl\/jtg{ nfO{ cfTd;ft\\\\ ug{ tof\/ xbF' g} g\\\\ . lzIffn] dflg;nfO{ o:tf ;f:+ sl[ ts kl\/jtg{ nfO{ cfTd;ft\\\\ u\/L cfkm\\\"nfO{ ;dfofh] g ug{ l;sfpF5 . -\u00aa_\t ;f:+ s[lts cGt\/3n' g oftfoft tyf ;~rf\/sf] ljsf;n] ubf{ clxn] ljZj Pp6f ;fgf] ufpF ags] f] 5 . ljZjsf] Ps sg' fdf ePsf] ;+:sl[ t csf{] s'gf;Dd lj:tf\/ eO\/x]sf] 5 . To:t} Pp6} :yfgdf klg ljleGg ;:+ sl[ tx\u00bf k|rngdf \/x]sf xG' 5g\\\\ . lzIffn] o:tf ljleGg ;:+ s[ltx\u00bflar cGt\/3'ng u\/fpg ;xofu] ub5{ . -r_\t ;f:+ sl[ ts k5f6} ]kg lj1fg tyf k|ljlwsf] ljsf;n] dflg;x\u00bfsf] ef}lts ;+:s[ltsf] l56\\\\6} ljsf; x'G5 . o;n] ubf{ dflg;x\u00bfn] cfwl' gs hLjgofkg ug{ yfN5g\\\\ clg u\/} efl} ts ;:+ sl[ tnfO{ pk]Iff ub{5g\\\\ . o; cj:yfnfO{ g} ;f:+ s[lts k5f6} k] g elgPsf] xf] . o;nfO{ x6fpgsf nflu kf7\\\\ojm| d tyf kf7\\\\ok:' tsdf ;f:+ s[lts s\/' fx\u00bf ;dfjz] ul\/G5 . o;\/L lzIffn] ;f+:s[lts k5f6} k] g x6fpg klg kd| v' el\\\" dsf vN] 5 . ljm| ofsnfk !=\tlzIffn] bz] sf] ;fdflhs tyf ;f:+ sl[ ts ljsf;df kfg]{ ke| fjx\u00bfaf\/] 5nkmn u\/L lgisif{ sIffdf k|:tt' ugx'{ f];\\\\ . cEof; !=\t tnsf kZ| gx\u00bfsf pQ\/ lbgx' f;] \\\\ M \t -s_\t ;fdflhs ljsf; eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 < \t -v_\tlzIffn] b]zsf] cyt{ GqnfO{ s;\/L ;an agfpF5 < \t-u_\tlzIffn] ;dflhs ljsf;df k\u00a5' ofpg ;Sg] sg' } kfrF ofu] bfgx\u00bfsf] ;r\\\" L agfpgx' f;] \\\\ . \t -3_\t;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; \/ kj| wg{ df lzIffsf] s:tf] el\\\" dsf xG' 5 < JofVof ugx'{ f;] \\\\ . \t -\u00aa_\t\u2026;f:+ s[lts k5f}6k] g x6fpg lzIffsf] el\\\" dsf dxTjk0\\\" f{ xG' 5\u00da o; egfOnfO{ cf\u02c6gf] ts{;lxt kl' i6 ug{'xf;] \\\\ . ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] of]uL lzIff, sIff !@\t 361","$ lzIffdf ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutf kf7 M tnsf] ;j+ fb cWoog u\/L To;kl5 lbOPsf k|Zgx\u00bfdfly 5nkmn ugx{' f];\\\\ M sf]dlnsf\tM\t;\/' h, lzIfsn] ;fdflhs cWoog ljifodf lzIffdf ;db' fosf] ;xeflutfaf\/] k9fpg' ePsf] lyof] lg, Tof] lbg t d ljBfno cfpg kfOg . ltdL t cfPsf lyof} . dnfO{ To;af\/] atfpg g, x} . ;\/' h\tM\t xG' 5 lg \u00db n ;g' , lzIff Ifq] df ;db' fo eGgfn] ;db' fodf \/xs] f JolStx\u00bf, ;db' fodf cfwfl\/t ljleGg ;:+ yfx\u00bf, Sna, u'7L, ;xsf\/L, ;dx\\\" x\u00bf cflbnfO{ al' emG5 . lzIff;DaGwL s'g} klg ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;db' fosf] ;xeflutf dx\u0152jk0\\\" f{ dflgG5 . sg' } lg0f{o ug,{ pSt lg0fo{ sfof{Gjog ug,{ cgu' dg \/ dN\\\" of\u00aa\\\\sg ug{, pSt lg0fo{ nfO{ lg\/Gt\/tf lbg \/ ;\/+ If0f ug{ ;\/f]sf\/jfnfx\u00bfnfO{ ;xefuL u\/fpg' g} jf:tljs ;xeflutf xf] . sf]dlnsf\tM\t P \u00db ljBfnosf] lg0fo{ k|ljm| ofdf pkl:yt eP\/ r'krfk a:g' rflxF jf:tljs ;xeflutf xfO] g \/x]5 lg . To;sf nflu t lg0f{o kl| jm| ofdf cfkmg\\\\ f] ts{ jf ljrf\/ \/fVg] clg lg0fo{ eO;sk] l5 pSt lg0fo{ sfofG{ jogdf klg ;xefuL xg' ] cj:yf xG' 5 .olt dfq geO{ To;sf] cg'udg \/ d\\\"Nof\u00aa\\\\sgdf klg ;xefuL xg' ] \/ To; lg0f{o sfofG{ jog lg\/Gt\/tf jf To;af6 lgld{t ;+\/rgfsf] ;+\/If0f u\/] dfq jf:tljs \u00bfkdf ;xeflutf x'g] \/x5] . ;\/' h\tM\tljNsn' } l7Ss eGof} . jf:tjdf lzIffsf] ;?' cft g} ;d'bfoaf6 ePsf] xf] . dfgj ljsf;sf jm| ddf ;db' fon] g} lzIff lbg] Joj:yf ;'? u\/s] f] kfOG5 . To;sf] w]\/}kl5 dfq \/fHo:t\/af6 lzIffdf of]ubfg lbg yflnPsf] xf] . j}lbssfnb]lv g} g]kfndf ljleGg wdfj{ nDjLx\u00bfsf u'?s'n, u'Daf, db\/;f h:tf cfcfkmg\\\\ } wfld{s ljBfnox\u00bf lyP . u'?sn' sf ljBfyL{n] cfkmg\\\\ f nflu cfkm}F ;d'bfodf uO{ leIff ;\u00aas\\\\ ng u\/\/] Nofpg] uby{ ] . ;db' fodf \/xs] f JolSt \/ kl\/jf\/x\u00bf ljBfyLn{ fO{ leIff lbg' cfkmg\\\\ f] st{Jo ;DemGy] . tL u?' sn' x\u00bfnfO{ \/fHo jf \/fhfx\u00bfn] lgoldt \u00bfkdf sx] L lhDdj] f\/L lnPsf lyPgg\\\\ . sf]dlnsf\tM\tclxn] klg o:tf u?' sn' x\u00bf 5g\\\\ t < ;'\/h\tM\t5g\\\\ lg, gk] fndf lxGb'x\u00bfsf u?' s'nx\u00bf 5g\\\\ . To:t} af}4 wdf{jnDaLx\u00bfsf ufG] kf jf uD' afx\u00bf 5g\\\\ . O:nfd wdfj{ nDjLx\u00bfsf db\/;fx\u00bf 5g\\\\ . t\/ clxn] t o:tf lzIffnox\u00bfnfO{ ;\/sf\/n] klg lgoldt \u00bfkdf cflys{ ;xof]u ub{5 . o:tf] ;xof]u ljBfnodf efl} ts Joj:yfkg ug,{ lzIfs Joj:yfkg ug,{ 5fqjl[ Q 362\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kof]uL lzIff , sIff !@","kb| fg ug,{ lgMz'Ns kf7\\\\ok':ts ljt\/0f ug{ ko| fu] ul\/G5 . sf]dlnsf\tM\tclxn]sf h:tf ;fwf\/0f lzIffdf ;db' fosf] el\\\" dsf ljBfnosf] ;?' cft \/f0ffzf;g sfndf ePsf] t dnfO{ yfxf lzIffnosf] efl} ts, z}lIfs tyf 5 . ltgLx\u00bfdf rflxF ;db' fosf] Joj:yfksLo sfod{ f cflys{ , efl} ts tyf ;xeflutf s:tf] lyof] lg < dfgjLo ;xofu] ug{] ;\/' h\tM\t k|wfgdGqL h\u00aa\\\\uaxfb'\/ \/f0ffn] lzIffnosf] l;sfOnfO{ ;xof]u k\u00a5' ofpg] u\/L lj=;+= !(!) df cfkm\\\\g} 3\/sf] jftfj\/0f agfpg cleefjsx\u00bfnfO{ lgjf;df b\/af\/ :sn' -xfn M ;rt] gf \/ ;xofu] lbg] b\/af\/ xfO :sn' , \/fgLkf]v\/L, sf7df8f}F_ :yfkgf u\/]kl5 lzIffno \/ 3\/lar k|efjsf\/L ;~rf\/ g]kfndf cfw'lgs lzIffsf] ;DaGw sfod u\/L cleefjsx\u00bfnfO{ ;'?cft ePsf] dflgG5 . ljBfnosf] sfoj{ m| d \/ ljBfyLs{ f] k|ultaf\/] of] ljBfno \/f0ff kl\/jf\/sf hfgsf\/L lbg] tyf lzIfsnfO{ ljBfyL{x\u00bfsf] afnsx\u00bfnfO{ c\u00aa\\\\u|]hL lzIff 3\/sf] jftffj\/0faf\/] hfgsf\/L lbg] lbg vf]lnPsfn] o;sf] Joj:yfkgdf k|ToIf \u00bfkdf ljBfyLn{ fO{ u[xsfo{, kl\/of]hgf sfo{ h:tf hg;xeflutf \/x]sf] lyPg . l;sfO;uF ;DalGwt sfox{ \u00bfdf ;\\\"rgf, t\/ \/f0ffzf;g sfnsf] kl5Nnf] ljrf\/ cflb lbP\/ ;xofu] ug{] ;dodf bz] sf ljleGg :yfgdf ;d'bfon] g} Joj:yfkg ug{] cleefjsx\u00bfnfO{ lzIffnosf] lg0fo{ u\/L ljBfnox\u00bf :yfkgf kl| jm| ofdf ke| fjsf\/L \u00bfkdf ;xefuL ul\/Psf] lyof] . o:tf u\/fpg] ljBfnox\u00bfsf hUuf, ejg \/ lzIfsnufotsf ;Dk\\\"0f{ lzIffnosf] sfoj{ m| d, kfl\/jfl\/s cEof; Joj:yfkg ;d'bfon] u\/]sf] tyf ljBfyLs{ f] l;sfOnfO{ ;an agfpg xG' Yof] . ;db' fodf ePsf ;f| ]t ;fwg tyf ;]jfnfO{ klxrfg u\/L lzIffno;uF Psfsf\/ u\/fpg] sf]dlnsf\tM\t \/f0ffzf;gsf] cGTokl5 t ;\/sf\/L ta\/af6 w\/] } ljBfnox\u00bf vfl] nPsf lyP lg . oL ljBfnox\u00bfdf ;db' fosf] ;xeflutf s:tf] lyof] < ;'\/h\tM\txf], w]\/} ljBfno t vf]lnP . t\/ tL ljBfnodf ;\/sf\/sf] nufgLeGbf ;d'bfos} nufgL a9L x'GYof] . ;\/sf\/n] jflif{s \u00bfkdf s]xL \/sd lbg] ub{Yof] . ;db' fon] ljBfnosf nflu hUuf, ejgnufot lzIfsx\u00bfsf nflu vfg] a:g] Joj:yf;dt] ugk{' b{Yof] . ljBfnodf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] Joj:yf lyof] . ;\/sf\/L cg'bfgn] ;a} Joj:yf ug{ gk'Ug] ePsfn] ;~rfns ;ldltn] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kofu] L lzIff, sIff !@\t 363","g} rGbf \/ >dbfg h'6fP\/ ljBfno ;~rfng ub{Yof] . sltko ljBfnox\u00bfdf u'7Lsf] ;dt] Joj:yf ul\/Psf] lyof] . lj=;+= @)@* df gofF lzIff ofh] gf -\/fli6o\u00ab lzIff k4ltsf] ofh] gf_ nfu' ul\/Pkl5 \/fHon] ljBfno lzIffnfO{ k\\\"0f{ \u00bfkn] ;\/sf\/Ls\/0f u\u00a5of] . ;~rfns ;ldltsf] ;66\\\\ f ljBfno ;xof]u ;ldltsf] Joj:yf ul\/of] . ;xof]u ;ldltnfO{ ljBfnonfO{ ;xof]u ug{] lgsfosf \u00bfkdf ;Lldt ug{ vf]lhP klg ljBfnosf] efl} ts Joj:yfkgdf cem} klg ;db' fo s} kd| v' el\\\" dsf \/xs] f] lyof] . sfd] lnsf\tM\t lj=;+= @)$^ df k|hftGq k'g:yfk{ gf ePkl5 t ;db' fosf] el\\\" dsf km]l\/ a9o\\\\ f] lg, xf]Og < ;\/' h\tM\txf] . k|hftGq k:' yf{kgfkl5 ;\/sf\/n] lzIffdf ;d'bfosf] el\\\" dsf a9fpg] gLlt lnof] . ljBfno ;xofu] ;ldltsf] :yfgdf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] Joj:yf ul\/of] . ;\/sf\/n] lglZrt cgb' fg lbP\/ c\u00bf Joj:yfkg ;db' fon] g} ug]{ Joj:yf ul\/of] . To;afxs] ljBfnosf] cflys{ , efl} ts, z}lIfs tyf k|zf;lgs kIfx\u00bfsf] Joj:yfkg ;db' fon] ug]{ u\/L ljBfno ;~rfng ug]{ cgd' lt;dt] kb| fg ul\/of] . ;\/sf\/L cgb' fg kfpg] jf gkfpg] ;a} ;db' fon] ;~rfng u\/s] f ljBfnox\u00bfnfO{ \u2026;fdb' flos ljBfno\u00da \/ lghL If]qaf6 ;~rflnt ljBfnox\u00bfnfO{ \u2026;+:yfut ljBfno\u00da egL gfdfs\/0f ul\/of] . kh| ftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf kl5 ;db' fon] w]\/} ;fdb' flos SofDk;x\u00bf ;dt] :yfkgf \/ ;~rfng u\/s] f 5g\\\\ . o:tf SofDk;sf] ;Dk\\\"0f{ Joj:yfkg ;d'bfon] ub{5 . sfd] lnsf\tM\to;\/L ;d'bfon] lzIffdf w\/] } of]ubfg ug{] \/x]5, xlu < ;db' fosf] ;xeflutf xg' fn] lzIff ljsf;df s] s:tf kmfObfx\u00bf xG' 5g\\\\ lg < o;af\/] klg ltdLnfO{ yfxf 5 t < ;\/' h\tM\tlzIfsn] sIffdf atfpge' Psf] lyof] . tLdWo] sx] L dfq dnfO{ ofb 5 . ;db' fosf] ;xeflutfn] lzIffnosf] ef}lts ;|ft] \/ ;fwgdf j[l4 t u5{. o;afxs] lzIfs, cleefjs \/ ;db' folarsf] ;xsfoa{ f6 ljBfyLs{ f] l;sfOdf pRr ;kmntf ;Dej xG' 5 . lzIffnosf] ;doeGbf klxnf \/ lzIffnosf] ;doeGbf k5fl8sf] ;do ljBfyLn{ ] ;db' fo \/ kl\/jf\/df g} latfpg] ePsfn] pgLx\u00bfsf] l;sfOdf ;db' fon] dx\u0152jk0\\\" f{ el\\\" dsf lgjf{x ul\/\/x]sf] xG' 5 . ;db' fosf] ;+nUgtfn] ljBfyLx{ \u00bfsf] lzIffnodf egfb{ \/, lgoldttf \/ pknlAwdf j[l4 ub{5 . cfkm\\\" ;xefuL eP\/ ul\/Psf sfox{ \u00bfdf ckgTjsf] efjgf ljsf; xG' 5 . To;n} ] To:tf sfox{ \u00bfsf] ;+\/If0fdf ;db' fo g} nflu\/xg] x'G5 . sf]dlnsf\tM\txf] lg, o;sf\/0f ;db' fosf] ;xeflutfdf ul\/Psf sfoj{ m| dx\u00bf tyf ;f| ]t;fwgx\u00bf nfdf] ;do;Dd l6sfp \/xG5g\\\\ . ;\/' h\tM\to:t} ;db' fonfO{ cfjZos \/ pko'St kf7\\\\ojm| d tyf l;sfO ;fdu|L ljsf;df 364\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] ofu] L lzIff , sIff !@",";d]t ;db' fon] e\\\"ldsf v]Ng ;S5 . lzIffno \/ ;d'bfolarsf] ;'dw\/' ;DaGw :yfkgf ug{ \/ o:tf] ;DaGwnfO{ ljsl;t ug{ klg ;db' fos} e\\\"ldsf \/x]sf] xG' 5 . ;db' fosf] ;xeflutf ePdf lzIffnodf nfs] tflGqs dN\\\" o dfGotfsf] ;kmn cEof; ug{ ;lsG5 . lzIffnosf] cflys{ , ef}lts tyf zl} Ifs sfoj{ |mdx\u00bfaf\/] ;d'bfon] rf;f] lnPdf hjfkmbl] xtf \/ kf\/blzt{ f sfod xG' 5, h:t} M g]kfndf o:tf sfo{jm| dx\u00bfsf] ;fdflhs k\/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf ul\/Psf] 5 . sf]dlnsf\tM\t cfh w]\/} sfd nfUg] s\/' fx\u00bf atfof} . o;sf nflu w\/] } wGojfb 5, ;'\/h . n d\/] f] 3\/ cfOkU' of] . vfhf vfP\/ hfpm x} . ;\/' h\tM\t vfhf rflxF c\u00bf sg' } lbg vfpnF f, sfd] lnsf . cfdfaa' f vt] df hfg' ePsfn] cfh d rf8} 3\/ k'u]\/ 3\/sf] sfd ug{' 5 . sfd] lnsf\tM\t P, To;f] eP hfpm t . d klg vfhf vfP\/ vt] df cfdfaa' fnfO{ ;3fpg hfG5' . lj|mofsnfk !=\t ljBfyL{nfO{ tLg ;d\\\"xdf ljefhg ug'x{ f];\\\\ . Pp6f ;dx\\\" n] tkfOF{ sf] ljBfnosf] z}lIfs sfoj{ m| d, bf];|f] ;dx\\\" n] ljBfnosf] ef}lts ;f| t] ;fwgx\u00bf tyf t];|f] ;d\\\"xn] ljBfnosf] dfgjLo ;|ft] ;fwgx\u00bfsf] ;r\\\" L agfpg'xf];\\\\ . tL ;|ft] ;fwgx\u00bfsf] lgdf{0f jf ljsf;df ;db' fosf] el\\\" dsf s] s:tf] \/x]sf] 5 < ;f];dt] pNn]v u\/L rf6{ tof\/ ug'{xf;] \\\\ \/ sIffdf k:| tt' ug'{xf;] \\\\ . @=\t \u00e6lzIffsf] ljsf;df ;\/sf\/sf] el\\\" dsfeGbf ;db' fosf] el\\\" dsf a9L dx\u0152jk0\\\" f{ 5 .\u00c6 zLifs{ df Ps jfbljjfb sfoj{ m| d\u00f7k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ugx'{ f];\\\\ . cEof; !=\t tnsf kZ| gx\u00bfsf pQ\/ lbg'xf];\\\\ M -s_\t;d'bfosf] ;xeflutf eGgfn] s] al' emG5 < -v_\t\/f0ff zf;gsfndf ljBfnox\u00bf ljsf; gxg' fsf] Ps sf\/0f lbg'xf;] \\\\ . -u_\tlzIffn] ;db' fosf] ljsf;df vN] g] sg' } Ps el\\\" dsf pNn]v ug{x' f];\\\\ . -3_\ttkfOsF{ f] ljBfnosf ejgx\u00bf s; s;sf] ;xof]udf ags] f x'g\\\\ < -\u00aa_\tlzIffsf] ljsf;df ;d'bfosf] e\\\"ldsf s] s:tf] xG' 5 < JofVof ug'x{ f];\\\\ . -r_\tlzIffsf] ljsf;df ;db' fon] k\u00a5' ofpg ;Sg] of]ubfgx\u00bfaf\/] rrf{ ug'{xf];\\\\ . ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kof]uL lzIff, sIff !@\t 365","%\t lzIff \/ \/f]huf\/ kf7 M tnsf 36gfx\u00bf cWoog u\/f\u201c} M 36gf ! z\u00aa\\\\s\/sf cfdfaa' fsf] cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]\/ eP tfklg pxfxF \u00bfn] w\/] } ldlxg]t u\/]\/ pgnfO{ ljZjljBfno lzIff;Dd k'\u00a5ofpg'eof] . z\u00aas\\\\ \/ klg c;fWo} ldlxg]tL ljBfyL{ lyP . pgn] ljBfno txbl] v ljZjljBfno tx;Dd slxNo} c;kmn xg' ' k\/g] . ljZjljBfnoaf6 bLlIft ePkl5 pgL \/fh] uf\/L vfH] g yfn] . sl\/j Ps dlxgfkl5 pgn] cfkm\\\\gf] of]Uotf ;'xfpFbf] \/fh] uf\/L kfP . t\/ pSt \/f]huf\/Ldf pgsf] ?lr gePkl5 pgL cfkmg\\\\ } ufpF kmls{P . ufpdF f pgLx\u00bfsf] vt] LkftL lyof] . pgL ToxL vt] LkftLsf] sfd ug{ rfxGy] . t\/ pgsf cfdfaa' f ufpnF x] \u00bfn] s] eGnfg\\\\ < eg\/] pgnfO{ vt] af\/Lsf] sfd ug{ lbgx' G' Yof] . t\/ pgn] cfdfaa' fnfO{ ;DemfP\/ vt] af\/Ldf sfd ug{ yfn] . pgn] ad} f;} dL t\/sf\/L vt] L ug{ ;?' u\/] . ;uF ;uF } ufOkmd{ \/ sv' \/' fkfng klg ;?' u\/] . clxn] pgsf] kmdd{ f !) hgf ufpsF f oj' fx\u00bfn] klg \/fh] uf\/L kfPsf 5g\\\\ . 36gf @ ;\/nfsf] ufpFdf kf| ljlws ljBfno vf]lnPsf] 5 . pgn] sIff ( af6} kzl' j1fg ljifo lnP\/ k|fljlws lzIff cWoog ul\/g\\\\ . pgsf sx] L ;fyLx\u00bfsIff !@ k\/\\\" f u\/k] l5 g} e]6]l\/g\/L lSnlgs vfn] \/] :j\/fh] uf\/ ePsf 5g\\\\ . cGo s]xL ;fyLx\u00bfn] ljleGg ;\/sf\/L \/ u}\/;\/sf\/L ;:+ yfx\u00bfdf \/f]huf\/L kfPsf 5g\\\\ . pgL klg \/fh] uf\/L ;?' ug]{ ls cWoognfO{ lg\/Gt\/tf lbg] eGg] l\u00e5ljwfdf lyOg\\\\ . t\/ pgsf cfdfaa' fn] cWoognfO{ g} lg\/Gt\/tf lbg] ;Nnfx lbge' of] . To;}n] pgL clxn] SofDk;df kzl' j1fg g} cWoog ul\/\/x]sL l5g\\\\ . 36gf # dG;'\/sf] ufpdF f db\/;f ljBfno dfq lyof] . pgsf cfdfa'afn] pgsf] k9fOdf vr{ ug{ g;Sg] ePsfn] pgn] db\/;f ljBfnodf cfwf\/et\\\" tx k\/\\\" f u\/k] l5 csf{] ljBfnodf cWoog ug{ kfPgg\\\\ . To;kl5 pgL cfkmg\\\\ } ufpFdf cfdfa'afsf] sfddf ;xof]u u\/\/] a;s] f lyP . ut jif{ ;\/sf\/sf] tkma{ f6 5 dlxg] lgMzN' s l;kdn\\\" s tflnd ;~rfng xg' ] va\/ cfof] . pgn] klg lahn' L h8fg;DaGwL tflnd lnP . pSt tflnd ;lsPkl5 pgn] ufpdF } lahn' L k;n vf]n]sf 5g\\\\ . clxn] pgsf] ufpF j\/k\/sf 3\/df lah'nL h8fg ug{ pgnfO{ g} af]nfpF5g\\\\ . dG;\/' nfO{ EofOgEofO ePsf] 5 . 366\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kof]uL lzIff , sIff !@","ca tnsf k|Zgx\u00bfdf 5nkmn u\/f\u201c} M -s_\tz\u00aa\\\\s\/n] ;x\/d} hflu\/ vfP\/ a;]sf] eP s] s] km\/s x'GYof] xfn] f < -v_\ts:tf] lzIffn] :j\/f]huf\/L l;hg{ f ug{ ;S5 < -u_\t 1fgdf cfwfl\/t lzIff \/ l;kdf cfwfl\/t lzIffn] \/f]huf\/Ldf s:tf] ke| fj kfg{] \/x]5 < -3_\t tkfO{nF fO{ ;fwf\/0f lzIff \/ k|fljlws lzIffdWo] sg' a9L dgk5,{ lsg < g]kfndf \/fh] uf\/ If]qsf ;d:ofx\u00bf g]kfndf kT| os] jif{ kfFr nfv oj' f >d ahf\/df k|j]z u5g{ \\\\ elgG5 . t\/ ToxLcg\u00bf' k \/fh] uf\/sf cj;\/ l;hg{ f xg' g;s]sfn] a]\/fh] uf\/sf] ;d:of rsb+{ } uPsf] 5 . ljZjljBfnox\u00bfn] a;]{lg 1fgdf cfwfl\/t lzIff -;fwf\/0f lzIff_ k|bfg u\/L nfvfsF} f] ;\u00aaV\\\\ ofdf hgzlStnfO{ >d ahf\/df k7fpF5g\\\\ . t\/ >d ahf\/df tL JolStx\u00bfdWo] yf]\/n} ] dfq \/f]huf\/L kfpg] cj:yf 5 . >dahf\/df \/f]huf\/L pknAw gxg' ' \/ pknAw \/f]huf\/Lsf nflu l;k \/ bIftf ePsf hgzlSt pknAw gx'g' g} g]kfnsf] \/f]huf\/L If]qsf] kd| v' ;d:of xf] . Psflt\/ ljZjljBfnox\u00bfaf6 bLlIft hgzlSt a\/] fh] uf\/ \/xs] f 5g\\\\ eg] csf]l{ t\/ ljleGg If]qdf cfjZos hgzlSt ljb]zaf6 cfoft ug'{ kl\/\/xs] f] 5, h:tM} l;nfO, s6fO, ;'g rfFbLsf uxgf agfpg] h:tf 5f]6f] ;dosf] tflndaf6 g} l;k lbg ;lsg] If]qbl] v hnljB't, kn' , ;'?\u00aadfu,{ \/]ndfu{ h:tf If]qdf pRr :t\/Lo hgzlSt kofK{ t dfqfdf bz] leq pknAw 5g} . gk] fndf a]\/f]huf\/Lsf sf\/0fx\u00bf ;fwf\/0f lzIffn] pTkfbg u\/s] f 1fgdf cfwfl\/t hgzlSt dfq} gk] fndf a\/] fh] uf\/L a9\\\\g'df lhDd]jf\/ 5}g . lzIffafxs] cGo ljleGg sf\/0fx\u00bfn] ubf{ klg g]kfndf a]\/f]huf\/L a9L\/x]sf] 5 . o:tf sx] L sf\/0fx\u00bf lgDgfg;' f\/ 5g\\\\ M \u2022\t ljZjljBfnon] pTkfbg ug{] >dzlStdf ;4} flGts 1fg kofK{ t eP tfklg kf| ljlws, Jofjxfl\/s tyf k|ofu] fTds 1fgsf] sdL xg' ' \u2022\t >dzlSt;Fu ljBdfg l;k tyf bIftfcg';f\/sf] cj;\/ gk] fnL >dahf\/df pknAw gxg' ' \u2022\t pRr hg;\u00aaV\\\\ of jl[ 4b\/sf sf\/0f k\/' fgf a]\/fh] uf\/nfO{ \/fh] uf\/Lsf] cj;\/ l;hg{ f x'g gkfpbF } gofF a]\/fh] uf\/x\u00bf >dahf\/df kj| z] ug'{ \u2022\t d\u203a' fsf] j|mo zlStdf cfPsf] x|f; \/ ljleGg sf\/0fn] ubf{ Jofkf\/ Joj;fodf cfPsf] dGbLsf] ke| fjn] ubf{ gofF \/fh] uf\/L l;hg{ fdf sdL xg' ' tyf k\/' fgf] \/fh] uf\/Lsf cj;\/;dt] ;\u00aas\\\\ 6df kg'{ \u2022\t Jofkf\/ Joj;fosf] j[l4b\/ sd \/xs] fn] pRr b\/df \/fh] uf\/Lsf] cj;\/ l;hg{ f gx'g' \u2022\t pBf]ux\u00bfdf dfgj ;+;fwgsf] ;6\\\\6f k|ljlwsf] ko| f]udf hf]8 lbg' \u2022\t sl[ ifdf lge\/{ clwsf+z JolSt tyf kl\/jf\/ df};dL a]\/f]huf\/Lsf l;sf\/ xg' ' ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] of]uL lzIff, sIff !@\t 367","\u2022\t ;Defjgf af]ss] f >dzlSt ljbz] knfog xg' ] ePsfn] gofF cj;\/ l;h{gf x'g g;Sg' \u2022\t >dahf\/df pknAw \/fh] uf\/Lsf nflu l;k \/ bIftf ePsf hgzlSt pknAw geO{ ljb]zaf6 hgzlSt cfoft ug{ afWo xg' ' \u2022\t sfdnfO{ ;fgf] dfGg] k|rngn] ubf{ :jfledfg \/ kl| ti7fsf] sf\/0f sx] L Ifq] x\u00bfdf \/f]huf\/sf nflu j}b]lzs hgzlSt Nofpg afWo x'g' gk] fndf a]\/fh] uf\/Lsf c;\/x\u00bf k0\\\" f{ \u00bfkdf \/fh] uf\/L k|fKt gePsf] cj:yfdf JolStsf] cfDbfgL sd xg' ] ePsfn] p;sf] j|mozlSt sdhf\/] xG' 5 . To;sf\/0f p;n] u'0f:t\/Lo hLjg latfpg ;Sb}g . t\/ a\/] f]huf\/Lsf] c;\/ oltdf dfq} ;Lldt xF'b}g . o;sf] c;\/ t kl\/jf\/, ;dfh xF'b} ;du| \/fi6d\u00ab f g} kb{5 . o;sf s]xL c;\/x\u00bflgDgfg;' f\/ 5g\\\\ M ul\/aL a]\/fh] uf\/ JolStx\u00bfsf] cfly{s cj:yf sdhf\/] xG' 5 . pgLx\u00bfn] pknAw ;f| t] ;fwgx\u00bfsf] pkof]u ug{ ;Sbg} g\\\\ . o:tf] ul\/aLsf] cj:yfn] pgLx\u00bfsf] kl\/jf\/sf] :jf:Yo, lzIffnufotsf Ifq] df gsf\/fTds c;\/ kb5{ . la\/fdL \/ lg\/fzf a\/] fh] uf\/Lsf sf\/0f JolStdf lg\/fzf 5fp5F . p;n] cfkmn\\\" fO{ sfd gnfUg] JolStsf \u00bfkdf d\\\"Nof\u00aas\\\\ g ub5{ . o;n] ubf{ JolStdf pRr \/Strfk, d6' ' \/fu] h:tf zf\/Ll\/s tyf l8k;]| g h:tf dfgl;s \/fu] x\u00bf nfUg ;S5g\\\\ . s'nt Pjd\\\\ b'Jo{;g a\/] fh] uf\/ JolStx\u00bf hj' ftf; vN] g], nfu'cf}ifw ;]jg ug{]nufotsf ljleGg s'nt tyf b'Jo;{ gdf nfUg] ;Defjgf a9L xG' 5 . ck\/fwdf j[l4 a]\/fh] uf\/ JolStnfO{ ljleGg s'ntsf nflu jf cGo k|ofh] gsf nflu ;d]t \/sdx\u00bf cfjZos x'g] ePsfn] o:tf JolStx\u00bf rf]\/L 8st} L, emF}emu8f, xTof lx+;f h:tf ck\/flws ljm| ofsnfkdf ;+nUg xg' ] ;Defjgf \/xG5 . afl} 4s knfog bz] df cfkmg\\\\ f] ofU] otf \/ Ifdtfcg';f\/sf] \/fh] uf\/L gkfPkl5 JolStx\u00bf j}b]lzs \/f]huf\/df hfg] ub{5g\\\\ . jb} l] zs \/fh] uf\/Lsf nflu ljsl;t bz] df uPsf JolStx\u00bf pt} \/xg] ;Defjgf \/xG5, h:t} M c:6\u00ab]lnof, o'\/f]k, cd]l\/sf uPsf JolStx\u00bf lj\/n} kmlsP{ sf 5g\\\\ . 368\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgf]kof]uL lzIff , sIff !@","cflys{ jl[ 4df sdL b]zsf] cfly{s jl[ 4 x'gsf nflu b]zsf gful\/sx\u00bfsf] cfDbfgL a9g\\\\ ' kb5{ . t\/ a]\/fh] uf\/Lsf sf\/0f JolStsf] cfDbfgL a9g\\\\ ;Sbg} clg b]zsf] cflys{ jl[ 4b\/ klg Gog\\\" x'g hfG5 . \/fhgLlts cl:y\/tf a\/] fh] uf\/ JolStx\u00bf aGb, x8tfn, lj\/f]w k|bz{g h:tf ljleGg ks| f\/sf ;\/sf\/ lj\/f]wL ultljlwdf ;n+ Ug xg' ] ePsfn] bz] df \/fhgLlts l:y\/tf sfod \/xg ;Sbg} . o;sf sf\/0f \/fhgLlts Ifq] df ljleGg ljs[ltx\u00bf b]vf kb5{ g\\\\ .o;n] ubf{ ;dfhdf czflGt, emF} emu8f, \u00e5G\u00e5 cflb a9\\\\g hfG5 . a]\/f]huf\/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ pkfox\u00bf a]\/fh] uf\/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{' eg]sf] g} >dahf\/sf] dfucg';f\/sf hgzlSt tof\/ ug{' tyf \/fh] uf\/Lsf cj;\/x\u00bf a9fpg' xf] . lzIff Ifq] n] >dahf\/sf] cfjZostf ;jI{] f0f u\/L of]hgfa4 \u00bfkdf bIf hgzlSt pTkfbg ug'k{ b5{ . To:t} ;\/sf\/L tyf u}\/;\/sf\/L If]qaf6 kof{Kt dfqfdf gofF \/f]huf\/Lsf cj;\/x\u00bf l;h{gf ug{'kb{5 . gk] fndf a]\/f]huf\/L ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu lgDg pkfox\u00bf cjnDag ug{k' b5{ . \u2022\t u'0f:t\/Lo k|fljlws tyf Joj;flos lzIff M Joj;fo tyf \/fh] uf\/d\\\"ns u0' f:t\/Lo lzIffsf] k|efjn] a\/] fh] uf\/L ;d:ofnfO{ Gog\\\" Ls\/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . \u2022\t sl[ ifsf] cfwl' gsLs\/0f \/ ahf\/Ls\/0f M gk] fn s[lifkw| fg b]z ePsfn] lgjfx{ dv' L sl[ ifnfO{ Joj;fodv' L agfpg tyf pTkfbgd\\\"ns pBf]udf ljz]if hf]8 lbO{ \/f]huf\/Lsf] cj;\/ l;h{gf ug{ ;lsG5 . \u2022\t tLj| cf}Bfu] Ls\/0f M tLj| cf}Bfu] Ls\/0f ugs{ f nflu 7n' f] dfqfdf >dzlStsf] h?\/L kg{] ePsfn] a]\/f]huf\/L ;d:of ;dfwfg dbt kU' 5 . \u2022\t hg;\u00aa\\\\Vof Joj:yfkg M hg;\u00aa\\\\Vof lzIff \/ kl\/jf\/ of]hgf h:tf pkfox\u00bfaf6 ;Gt'lnt cfsf\/sf] hg;\u00aa\\\\Vof Joj:yfkg ug{ ;sd] f \/f]huf\/Lsf] cj;\/ kb| fg ug{ ;lhnf] x'G5 . \u2022\t k'hF L lgdf{0f Mpkef]StfjfbL ;:+ s[ltdf ;w' f\/ NofO{ vr{df eGbf k'FhL lgdf0{ f \/ nufgLdf hf]8 lbg ;sd] f a]\/f]huf\/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ dbt k'U5 . \u2022\t nufgLdq} L jftfj\/0f M:jb]zL tyf ljbz] L kh'F LnfO{ cfslift{ ug{ ;s]df pBfu] Jofkf\/sf] ljsf; eO{ \/fh] uf\/L l;h{gfdf ;xofu] k'U5 . \u2022\t 5f6] f] cljwsf ;Lkdn\\\" s tflnd M;\/sf\/L, u\/} ;\/sf\/L tyf lghL Ifq] af6 l;k \/ kl| jlwoS' t5f6] f] cjlwsf] tflndsf] k|aGwaf6 a]\/f]huf\/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ dbt k'U5 . \u2022\t j}b]lzs l;k tyf bIftf ldnfg Mj}b]lzs \/f]huf\/df uPsf >dzlSt;Fusf] l;k \/ bIftfcg';f\/sf] Jofj;flos ultljlw ug{ k|fT] ;flxt ubf{ yk gofF \/f]huf\/Lsf] cj;\/ l;h{gf ug{ ;lsG5 . ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] of]uL lzIff, sIff !@\t 369","\u2022\t ;'zf;g \/ s'zn g]tT[ j M ;'zfl;t ;]jf k|jfx, l:y\/ \/fhgLlts cj:yf \/ s'zn gt] T[ jsf] sf\/0f cyt{ Gqdf kg{ uPsf] ;sf\/fTds ke| fjn] a\/] fh] uf\/L ;d:of lgoGq0f ug{ ;xofu] kU' b5 . \u2022\t \/fh] uf\/Lsf If]qx\u00bfsf] ljljwLs\/0f M \/fh] uf\/ If]qnfO{ lj:tf\/ u\/L gofF gofF \/fh] uf\/ If]q klxNofpg ;sd] f \/f]huf\/Lsf cj;\/x\u00bf a9g\\\\ hfG5 . \u2022\t pBdzLntfsf] ljsf; M jt{dfg g]kfndf dflg;x\u00bf pkef]Stfjfbdf \/dfpg yfn]sf 5g\\\\ . pkefu] ul\/g] j:t' jf 3\/, ;jf\/L ;fwg h:tf cgT' kfbs Ifq] df nufgL ug's{ f ;6\\\\6f pBfu] Joj:ffo nufgL ug]{ ?lr \/ Ifdtf ljsf; ug{ ;sd] f \/f]huf\/Lsf cj;\/x\u00bf jl[ 4 ug{ ;lsG5 . lzIff Ifq] n] 1fg, l;k \/ kl| jlw ljsf; u\/L JolStx\u00bfnfO{ l;sfpg] ePsfn] \/fh] uf\/ kj| w{gdf lzIffsf] dx\u0152jk\\\"0f{ el\\\" dsf \/x]sf] s'\/f :ki6 g} 5 . lzIffn] >dahf\/sf nflu cfjZos bIf \/ cw{bIf hgzlSt pTkfbg ub5{ . To:t} bIf hgzlStn] cfkmg\\\\ f] nflu :j\/f]huf\/L l;hg{ f ug{] dfq xfO] g c\u00bfsf nflu ;d]t \/fh] uf\/L l;hg{ f u\/L a\/] fh] uf\/L ;d:of ;dfwfgdf of]ubfg k\u00a5' ofpF5 . ljm| ofsnfk !=\t ljBfyL{ tLg ;d\\\"xdf ljefhg ug'{xf;] \\\\ . Pp6f ;dx\\\" n] tkfOF{ sf] ufpF jf ;x\/df a]\/f]huf\/L ;d:of xg' fsf sf\/0fx\u00bf, bf];|f] ;dx\\\" n] tkfO{Fsf] ufpF jf ;x\/df a\/] f]huf\/L ;d:ofn] NofPsf gsf\/fTds c;\/x\u00bf \/ t];|f] ;dx\\\" n] tkfO{Fsf] ufpF jf ;x\/df a]\/f]huf\/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{] pkfox\u00bfsf] pNn]v u\/L rf6{ tof\/ ugx'{ f];\\\\ \/ sIffdf k|:t't\u00f7kb| zg{ ug'{xf;] \\\\ . @=\t \u00c6lzIff \/ \/fh] uf\/\u00e6 zLifs{ df Ps jStT[ jsnf sfoj{ m| d\u00f7kl| tof]lutf cfofh] gf ug{x' f;] \\\\ . cEof; !=\t tnsf kZ| gsf pQ\/ lbg'xf];\\\\ M -s_\t;fwf\/0f lzIff \/ kf| ljlws lzIfflarsf] Ps km\/s n]Vg'xf;] \\\\ . -v_\tgk] fndf \/fh] uf\/ If]qsf] d'Vo ;d:of s] xf] < -u_\tg]kfnn] lsg j}bl] zs hgzlSt cfoft ug{' k\/]sf] xf] < -3_\taf}l4s knfog \/f]Sg s] ug{ ;lsG5 < Ps pkfo nV] gx' f;] \\\\ . -\u00aa_\ta]\/fh] uf\/L ;d:ofsf sg' } kfrF sf\/0fx\u00bf pNn]v ug'x{ f];\\\\ . -r_\tgk] fndf a\/] fh] uf\/L ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ s] s] pkfox\u00bf ug{ ;lsPnf < sg' } kfrF pkfox\u00bf nV] g'xf;] \\\\ . 370\t\t\t\t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf hLjgfk] ofu] L lzIff , sIff !@"]