GgkarCanrNa ? 197VnsMNMuerOgTSgGs'BI®ksYgGb'rMCatiepI∆mkBI´®BnKr . VnsMNMulixitTSgGs'enHehIy nageTogk*cUleTAbg˙ajx¬ÁnenAGFikardΩan®ksYgGb'rMCatiext†Vt'dMbg edIm∫IsMueFI√Ca®KUbe®goneLIgvij . ´f©TI12-9-48 nageTog®tUvcUleTACYbelakGFikarbzmsikßatamkMNt' . elakGFikar®tkUl eg\"aGg¨ycSnageTogk~¨gkariyal&y . eBlcUleTAdl' elakGFikaredaHEvn-ta ecj®keLkemIlnageTogtSgBIk∫aldl'cugeCIg ehIyniyayy\"agKMeraHKMerIyfa – - nag‰gniyayExµrminc∫as' maneQµaHnigrUbragdUcyYn Et®ksYgGb'rMCatienAP~MeBjVnyl'®Bme®CIserIsnagehIy . xM∆¨sMerccit†fanwgbJÇËnnageTAbe®gonenAsala « JmsIma » e®JHenATIenaHmanyYne®cIn .elakJk'EvntaeLIgvij sresrelI®kdas'mYyman®bEvg2-3bnÊat'CaPasaVrSg rYck*eVHeTA[esµønedIm∫IeFI√sMbu®tCap¬Ëvkar . enHCaesckI†sMerccit†rbs'mÂnI†Exµrm~ak' EdlminxIçsYrnSsamIx¬ÁnsUm∫ImYym\"at'k*Kµanpg . esckI†sMerccit†enHCaGMNacp†ac'karmYyk~¨gcMeNamGMNacp†ac'karepßg@eTotCaTUeTAenAk~¨g®sukExµrsm&yski†PUmi . elIsBIenHeTAeTot eKseg˚teXIjsPaBl©g'ex¬A≤tecHBicarNa karx√HFm·emt†arbs'G~kEdlmanmuxgarsMxan'@k~¨gkarTTYlxus®tUv nigsMerccit†BIerOgGI√mYy . ebIBMudUec~aHeT kalNasamIx¬ÁnmanlTÏPaBGacykdg√aymkf√ayVn enHCameF¥aVyd*ski†siTiÏmYyedIm∫IrkfvikabEnƒm ! . nageTogsMulaelakGFikarecjmke®kArg'cSsMbu®tbJÇa . em\"ag®b-Ehl11 elakesµønk*ehAnageTAkan'kariyal&yrbs'elak edIm∫IcuHhtƒelxaTTYllixit . elakesµønxßwb®Vb'nagfa salaeronenAJmsImasg'elITwk . edIm∫IeFI√dMeNIreTAkan'TIenaH eK®tUvCiHTUkseN†agCamYykaNUt . enATIenaHmanExµrJk'kN†al yYnJk'kN†al . G~k®KU®tUv®by&t~x¬Án e®JHmanmUldΩanevotmijmYyy\"agFMenATIenaH . ®KUbe®gonenAJmsIma®tUvEt « KitKUr » CamYyecAh√ay edIm∫IVnvilmkkEn¬g®sYlvij .l. nageTog®tUvvil®tLb'mkTIlMenAvijEdlmancm©ay3K˘m˘edayeCIgTeT . nagminhflanCiHrWum\"keT e®JHbJ˙afvika . enAtamp¬Ëv nagedIrbeNI†ryMbeNI†rnwkeXIjGakb∫kiriyaelakGFikar nwkeXIjsMdIelakesµøn Ed-lbg˙ajp¬ËvedIm∫Iem†c[Vnmkkan'Vt'dMbgvij . nwkeXIjkar®Jt'®Vs'rt'ecal“Bukm†ay edIm∫IeKcx¬ÁnBIevotmij ehIy≤LËv®tUveKbJÇËnx¬Án[eTA
GgkarCanrNa ? 198tMbn'evotmijdEdl . { ! xM∆¨eGIy CatienHekItmkCaExµrkmı¨Cae®kam GI√k*evTnaem\"¬H ? . enAkmı¨Cae®kam evotmijtamrkcab'edayecaTfak∫t'va ˘˘˘mkdl'kmı¨CakN†al eKfaxM∆¨CayYn etIxM∆¨mansJÇatiCaGI√ ? . nagedIrtamp¬Ëvelx1®sbmat'sÊwgsEg˚r . luHmkdl'b\"us†i_ nagk*cUleTATijEtm®bm_ Yysn¬wk edIm∫IepI∆sMbu®teTAelakmafac'-TIhug . nag®k-eLkeTAxags†SbJÇrkariyal&yb\"us†i_ eXIjman®bkasmYybwTenACJÇSgmanesckI†CaGaTifa – « salaext†Vt'dMbg®tUvkare®CIserIsesµøn®bcS´f©m~ak' ( sUmbJÇak'faenACMnan'enaH muxgaresµøn®sIminTan'mansiTiÏeBjeljcUlk~¨g®kbx&-NÎk~¨graCrdΩaPiVlenAeLIy ) k~¨gcMeNamnarIenAlIv EdlmanGayuBI20eTA25q~S . ®tUvecHniyaynigsresrPasa Exµr-yYn-VrSg ehIy®tUvmansJÔab&®t Certificat d'Etudes Primaires Complémentaires Franco-Indochinois » . enAeBlkMBugykcit†Tukdak'emIl®kdas'enH mnusßm~ak'edIrmkekHsµanagtic@ehIysYrfa – - nag ! nagCaExµrkmı¨Cae®kam… ? . - ca±H elak . - nagecHPasayYn…eT ? . - ca±H xM∆¨ecHelak ! . - etInagecHGkßrVrSg-Exµrc∫as'las'…eT ? .nageTogk*bg˙ajlixitbJÇa ®BmTSgbJÇak'sB√®Kb'BICIvitrbs'nagCMrabelakkug®tUl&rb\"us†i_ EdlkMBugEtniyayCamYynag . elakF¬ab'eTAeFI√kark~¨g®ksYg´®bsNIyenA´®BnKrcMnYn3q~S elaksal'Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamc∫a-s'las'Nas' . elakeFI√muxs©ÁtbnÊab'BIVns†ab'karra\"yra\"b'rbs'nagmkelakmancit†GaNitnageTogCaBn'eBk . elakcab'´dnageTog ehIyk*bJÇiHnagxage®kaysULicrbs'Kat' edIm∫IeTAkan'salaext†Vt'dMbg . eTAdl'ehIy elakb\"k'-saem\"t k*nSnageTACYbelakcMerIn-bflunerOn EdlCaPUQYyext†TI1enAsalaext†Vt'dMbg . elakTSgBIrniyayK~amYysnʨHrYcehIyelakbflunerOnk*edIrmkniyayCamYynageTogedayemt†aFm·fa –EsÌkenH nagmkeFI√ «ets» CamYyeKcuH . nageTogdwgfa elakyl'®BmTSgeTIsTSgTal' edaysarEtGn†raKmnB_ Ielakb\"k'-saem\"tEtb\"ueNˆaH
GgkarCanrNa ? 199e®JHelakminEdlsal'Exµrkmı¨Cae®kameT elakk*sµandUcG~k‰eTotEdrfanagCayYn˘˘˘ ´f©EsÌkeLIg TI13-9-48 eBlnageTogedIreTAdl'muxkariyal&yelakPUQYy nageXIjmanyuvnarI5nak'Gg¨ycSenATIenaHrYcCae®sc . narITSgenaHes¬økJk'sÌatVttamrebobExµrniyayxßibexßøvK~aBIenHBIenaH .cMENknageToges¬økexaexµA Jk'GavskmUl´dEvg Tuksk'ekobeTAe®kaytamrebobExµrkmı¨Cae®kam . buKlikeFI√karenAsalaext†sm¬wgnag®Kb'@K~aedayminEdleXIjTSgsMelokbMJk' TSgrUbrag TSgsk'minEmnyYnminEmncin ÚkJrsmrm¥dUcCaExµr . nagminhflancUleTACiteKeT edayQrenAEk∫rmat'T√arbnÊb'elakPUQYyTI1 EpÌkx~gnwgCJÇSg˘˘˘ eBlem\"ageFI√ «ets» mkdl' KNkmµaFikarehAebk≈narITSg6nak'cUleTAkan'bnÊb'elakPUQYyTI1 . elakcMerIn-bflunerOndak'ekAGIBiessmYyenAxageq√gKat'sMrab'nageTog . viJÔasarmanbImuxKW – sresrtamsU®tExµr, sresrtamsU®tVrSg nigkarsnÊnapÊal'mat'CaPasayYn . rYcehIyebk≈narITSgGs'®tUvenAGg¨ys†ab'lTÏpl . ®bEhlmYyem\"age®kaymkelakbflunerOnedIrecjBIbnÊb' jjwm huc´ds†Skan'nageTog ´deq√gkan'sMNMulixit ehIynSnageTACYb‰kåt†m eTB-pn ecAh√ayext†Vt'dMbg . elaksm¬wgemIlmuxnageTogedayegOgq©l' EtelakbflunerOnk*eFI√es-ckI†raykarNB_ ICIv®bvti†nigbJ˙aepßg@ rYcmkk*bg˙ajlTÏpl «ets» rbs'nag – - sresrtamsU®tExµr KµankMhus . - sresrtamsU®tVrSg KµankMhus . - PasayYnlÌbgÁr . elakecAh√ayext†gk'k∫aljjwmeBjcit†nwglTÏplenH . elake®kakeLIgdwk´dnageTogeTACYbCMuelxaFikarTSgGs' edIm∫IsYreyabl' .eBlenaHelakb\"k'-saem\"tk*mkdl'lµm e®JHelakk*cg'dwgBIlTÏpl´nkar®bLge®CIserIsenHEdr . enAeBlenaHelakb\"k'-saem\"tk*elIk´dFanaGHGagfa nageTogBitCakUnExµrkmı¨Cae®kamBit@ . cMENkbuKliksalaext†enAeBlenaHman – elakva\"-sMpun, elakBt-saGwum ( elakBt-saGwum®tUvCa“Bukekµkrbs'elaklI-eDob cagh√agsarBt·manGgrbUrI- e®kaymkVncUleTAbMerIk~¨gkgeyaFBlexmrPUminÊ ), elakeTB-sarim nigelak
GgkarCanrNa ? 200GflU-CMnit k*elIk´dsMuTTYlsal'nigFanaGHGagEdr . ‰kåt†meTB-pn k*sMercEtgtSgnageTogCaelxaFikar®bcS´f© ( Sé-cretaire journalière ) TTYlbnʨkxagkicçkarrebob ( Service d'Ordre ) .elakGflU-CMnitCaG~kcat'EcgeFI√sMNMuerOgenH edIm∫IepI∆eTAsMukaryl'®BmBI®ksYgmha´pÊ . ‰kåt†meTB-pn eFI√GMeNay100$dl'nag edIm∫ITijsMelokbMJk'CaExµr . elakV\"l'-sMGul PUQYyext†TI2eFI√GMeNay30$ edIm∫I[nagTijEs∫keCIgfIµmYyKUCMnYsEs∫keCIgeQIkJças'EdlenACab'nwgeCIgnag . ´f©TI11-11-48 nageTogVncUleFI√karenAsalaext†Vt'dMbgtSgBIenaHerogrhUtmk . enA´f©TI20-4-50 elakekog-≤ÂnÊ®tUvp¬as'eTAkan'raCFanIP~MeBj . enA´f©TI26-7-51 elakekog-≤ÂnÊmanebskkmµmkkan'TI®kugVt'dMbg .elakcUlsMrakedkpÊH“BukekµkeQµaH hU-faj'suk Hô Thanh Sôc mYyyb' . ®BwkeLIgem\"ag10 elak®tUveFI√dMeNIrecjBIext†Vt'dMbgcUleTAkan'ext†eJFisat' dUcmanlixitbJÇak' ( Attestation ) CUnPÇab'mkCamYyenH –SERVICE CENTRAL DE L'ETAT CIVILDES SUCCESSIONS ET DES SEPULTU- RES MILITAIRES ---------------- 139 rue de BERCY 139 PARIS XIIo ACTE DE DISPARITION ------------- GROUPE DES UNITES DE GARNISON DE PHNOM PENH ( Compagnie de Garnison ) Nous soussignés Lieutenant FERMET Honoré, Officier d'Etat-Civil duGroupe des Unités de Garnison de PHNOM PENH, certifions que le nomméKIEN-INH, fils de KIEN-SREY et de THACH-THI-NHIEU, né le 15 Février1925 à THION LOI, Canton de TRAVINH, province de TRAVINH, départe-ment de Cochinchine,Adjudant-Chef Interprête inscrit sous le no 303 au régistre matricule, disparule 27 Juillet 1951 au kilomètre 16 sur la route de PURSAT à LEACH, provincede PURSAT (Cambodge), et que depuis cette époque toutes les recherches aux-quelles il a été procédé pour découvrir son sort sont demeurées infructueuses.CIRCONSTANCES DE LA DISPARITION
GgkarCanrNa ? 201 Le 27 Juillet 1951, l'Adjudant-Chef Interprête KIEN-INH était désignépour se rendre à LEACH, province de PURSAT pour y effectuer une séance depropagande. Le convoi qui l'escortait quitta PURSAT à 14 heures at arrivé àLEACH à 15 heures. Il en repart à 17 heures, et à 17 heures 30 au kilomètre 16de la route de PURSAT - LEACH, il tombe dans une embuscade de Viêt-Minh.A l'issue du combat qui s'est déroulé entre les Viêt-Minh et l'escorte, l'Adjudent-Chef KIEN-INH n'a pas reparu; aucun témoignage sur sa mort n'a pu êtrerecueilli. En conséquence, l'Adjudent-Chef KIEN-INH est porté disparu (suitecombat) à compter du 28 Juillet 1951 à o heure 1 minute ./.Vu : Pour la légalisation Fait à PHNOM PENH le 10 AOUT 1951de la signature du Lieutenant Le Lieutenant FERMET, Officierd'Etat-FERMET Officier d'Etat-Civil Civil du Groupe des Unités de GarnisonPHNOM PENH, le Août 1951 Caché et Signé le Lieutenent FERMETIntendant Militaire de 3o Classees TC, Chef de Service de l'Intendancede Phnôm Penh,Caché et Signé « ´f©27-7-51 elakekog-≤ÂnÊ nayrgGt†elx303, elxaFikarbkE®b Vn®tUvbJÇËneTAkan'®suklac ext†eJFisat' edIm∫IeFI√kareXasnaBn¥l'®bCaCn . k∫ÁnLancakecjBIext†eJFisat'enAem\"ag2resol eTAdl'lacenAem\"ag3resol . elakcakecjBIlacmkvij enAem\"ag5resolehIyenAem\"ag5kn¬H enA®tg'KILËEm\"®telx16 elak®tUvCab'k~¨gkareLamB&TÏrbs'BYkevotmij˘˘˘˘ » . eBlc∫SgtTl'K~aenH evotmijcab'elakekog-≤ÂnÊcg rYcnSykeTAVt' . VrSgs†ayelakekog-≤ÂnÊNas' e®JHelakCamnusßesµaH®tg'nwgecAh√aynay ecHniyaynigsresrbIPasa . ®ksYgmansmtƒkicçVncat'elak ecg Edlmanzann†rs&ki†Ca Aspirant nigCashkarIrbs'elak≤ÂnÊ[tamesIubGeg˚terOgenH . elak ecg tamdanrkGs'3q~S KµanlTÏplGI√esaH . enAq~S1954 VrSg®tUvdkfyBI≤NÎËcin elak ecg k*cUleTAbMerIk~¨gkgeyaFBlexmrPUminÊ k~¨gzann†rs&ki†CaGnuesniyeTa enAEp~kswkrg
GgkarCanrNa ? 202®ksYgnKrVlCatiext†Vt'dMbg . ´f©mYyelakecg®bTHeXIjemExµrevotmijm~ak'eQµaH ekIt edIrkN†alTI®kugVt'dMbg enA´dmanJk'naLikaelak≤ÂnÊ . elakecgk*sMuGeJIÇjelakekIteTAkariyal&y edIm∫IsaksYrBt·manepßg@ . eQµaHekItVnra\"yra\"b'y\"agek∫aHk∫aydUcteTA – « ehtuEdlevotmijcat'kardak'GnÊak'Exße®tomrg'cSvaykMeTck∫Ánkugv&rVrSgVnTan'eBlevla KWedaysarevotmijVnbN†¨HcarkicçCaExßbN†ajsm©at'mYyenAkN†alTI®kugVt'dMbg . ®kumcarkicçenHman – - eQµaHeg√øg-van'va\"g CaevCÇbNiÎt manlMenAenAp¬Ëvelx2 1/2 . - eQµaHeg√øg-van'V Canaysh®Kin ( entrepreneur ) . - eQµaHeg√øg-van'dav CaesµønenAsalaext†Vt'dMbg . eQµaHenHVnebIksalaeronQ~ÁlmYyCaPasayYn Edlman®bBnÏCa®KUbe®gon . sa-laenHCaTI®bCMuy\"ages©øms©at'rbs'carCnevotmij . - eQµaHhU-faj'suk Cab¬g'tug kan'kab'lixitecjenAsalaext†Vt'dMbg . kUn®sIrbs'yYnenH eQµaHhU-Kwmy\"ug Ca®bBnÏrbs'elakekog-≤ÂnÊ. hU-faj'sukmanPar:kicçraykarNe_ pßg@eTA®Vb'evotmij[Tan'eBlevla . enAyb'Edlevotmijcab'elakekog-≤ÂnÊ nigkMeTck∫Ánkugv&rVrSgenaH e®JHhU-faj'sukCaG~k[karN_ ehIyEdlmaneQµaHekItenH CaembJÇakarkgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFbdivt†n‰_ kPaBrbs'®beTskmı¨Ca®bcSenAPUmilac » . ekItVneJlbn†eTAeTotfa – « eBlEdlbUdUycab'elakekog-≤ÂnÊVn vacg´d cgEP~k rYcbeNI†rcUleTAkan'´®BxaglicPUmilac . vavayeFI√VbsYrcemI¬yy\"age®cIn˘˘˘ TIbMputvasYrrkTIlMenAyuvnarIExµrm~ak'eQµaHnageTog Edlelakekog-≤ÂnÊCYyrMedaHecjBIkmı¨Cae®kam tSgBIExkk˚daq~S1948 . eBlenaH elakekog-≤ÂnÊxwgy\"agx¬Sgk*eqI¬yy\"agkMbutkMbuyfa mindwgminGIeT . emevotmijk*vayeFI√TaruNkmµelIrUbelakluH®taEts¬ab'eTA . emevotmijk*edaHnaLika´drbs'exµacelakekog-≤ÂnÊhucmk[eQµaHekIt CaGnusßavrIy´_ nmhaeCaKC&-yenH˘˘˘ » . elakGnuesniyeTaecg TMrSEtdwgfamanExßbN†ajevotmijenAVt'dMbg vahYseBleTAehIy. evotmijcakecjputBITI®kugVt'eTAehIy . enA
GgkarCanrNa ? 203sl'EthU-faj'sukm~ak'Kt' EdlenAeBlenaHsalaext†k*VnbeN†jecjBImuxgar ehIynireTsBIext†Vt'dMbgrhUt . mansMnYrsYreLIgfa – - ehtuem†celakekog-≤ÂnÊsuxcit†s¬ab'karJrnageTog ? - elakekog-≤ÂnÊ CaExµrkmı¨Cae®kamm~ak' Edlsal'®keyAyYnc∫as'las'Nas' . bg®busrbs'elakm~ak'®tUvevotmijsm¬ab' . elakdwgfaeTaHbIelak®Vb'BITIkEn¬gnageTog…min®Vb' vaenAEtsm¬ab'elakdEdle®JHevotmijmanKMeragsm¬ab'G~kecHdwgExµr[Gs'putBUC . elakekog-≤ÂnÊCakUn®busTI2rbs'elaktaekog-®sI nigyayfac'-FIjIv . ekItenA´f©TI15-2-25 enAPUmik~¨g®suk-XMuF√wgeLIy, ®sukcUvfaj',ext†®tavij . e®kayBI®bLgCab'DIb¬ËmenAsalan&rm\"al'®kugP~MeBjq~S1945elaksµ&®Kcit†eTAeFI√®KUbe®gonenAsalavt†®bTkßiNnie®Katk~¨gq~S1945-46 . k~¨gExkJÔa1946 evotmijcab'cgbg®busbegI˚trbs'elakCa®KUb-e®gon nSykeTAVt'˘˘˘. bnÊab'mk evotkugtamdancab'x¬ÁnelakeTot . edaydwgx¬ÁnTan' elakk*sMerccit†rt'ecaltMENg®KU cUleFI√TahanVrSgenA´f©TI16-10-46 manzann†rs&ki†CaBlVleTa ( Sergent Chef ) nigCaelxaFikarG~kbkE®benA®ksYgsni†suxCati´nTI®kug´®BnKr . cMENknageTog nagF¬ab'Vk's∫atx¬acevotmij . naghflanCYlpÊHmY-yt´m¬ 200$ (k~¨g®Vk'ExTSgGs'500$) siƒtenAmuxbnÊayTahaneCIg®khm « TahanVrSg » edIm∫IkarJrGayuCIvit e®JHenAeBlenaH evotmijb-eJçjskmµPaBx¬Sgk¬anigeXareXANas' . k~¨gry:eBlEdlevotmijcab'x¬Ánelakekog-≤ÂnÊ nageTog≤tVndwgerOgenHeT e®JHmanTUrelxmYyc∫ab'BI“Buknag [eFI√dMeNIreTAext†®tavijCa®bjab' edIm∫InwgeTAykbÌËnbegI˚t Kwm-c&nÊ Gayu14q~S Edl®tUvevotkugbMrugcab'bJÇËneTAeb\"kSg nigkµÁyrbs'nageQµaHKwm-vNˆa GayueTIbVn6q~SkM®J“Bukm†ay . “Bukrbs'nagVnlYcbeN†aHG~kTSgBIrenHecjBIEdndIrMedaHeTATI®kug®tavij ehIy[nageTAykG~kTSgBIrenATIenaH . nageTogeTAdl'CYbCMubÌËnnigkµÁyenApÊHelakmafac'-TIhug . kMBugEtmanesckI†e®tkGrnwgkarCYbCMuK~a ®sab'EtTTYldMNwgmkfa elaktaKwm-vNˆ: Vncgksm¬ab'x¬ÁnVt'eTAehIy edaymkBIevotkugbJÇa[Kat'eTACYbnwgvaenAyb'TIbYn e®kayeBlEdlKat'beN†aHG~kTSgBIrecjeTA®tavij . Kat'eFI√Gt†XatenH edaymkBIKat'dwgx¬ÁnCamunfa evotmijmuxEtnwgsm¬ab'Kat'CaBMuxan˘˘˘.
GgkarCanrNa ? 204 enA´f©TI2-8-51 nageTognSbÌËnnigkµÁymkdl'ext†Vt'dMbg . enAeBlenaHelakecgk*®Vb'fa evotmijVncab'x¬Ánelakekog-≤ÂnÊeTAVt'ehI-y . nageTogesIÊrqÁtveg√g mindwgKity\"agNa . Tuk≈®tYtelITuk≈ minxusK~aBIsm&y17-4-75 mk24-4-79 ( 4q~S7´f© ) enHb\"unµaneLIy . elIsBIenHeTAeTot nageTog®tUvciJçwmbÌËn®busnigkµÁyeTIbnwgmkdl'. q~S1951-52 Kwm-c&nÊ®tUvcUleronenAviT¥al&y®BHmunIvgß . Kwm-vNˆacU-leronenAsalabzmsikßaenApßarelI . ExkJÔaCaeBlcUlkg . kMBugEtx√l'x√ay®BYyVrm∏BIerOgTijesovePAnig®bdab'®bdar sMrab'bÌËnnigkµÁy®sab'Et ! manb\"UlIsmkdl'pÊH ! bg˙ajdIkarcab'x¬ÁnnageTog . b\"UlIsbeNI†rnageTogeTACUnelak®BHraCGaC∆ar edaymanG~kedImecaTb†wg®bkan'fa« naglYce®samexI~yeK ! » . ®sLSgkSg Elgyl'GI√TSgGs'ehIy ! . eBleTAdl'elakKU-runCa®BHraCGaC∆ar k*ehAG~kedImecaTmktTl'enAcMeJHmuxG~kcugecaT . enAeBleXIjmuxG~kedImecaT nageTogP∆ak'sʨHeTAsMBHsYredayKYrsm rYc{bkyMdMGUjfa – yIbg®kUceTetI ! {bgeGIy eyIgCaG~kkmı¨Cae®kamdUcK~a ehtuem†ck*bgminemt†axM∆¨EdlkM®JEtletalEtm~ak'‰gy\"agenH ?bgeGIy ! ebIxM∆¨®tUvCab'Kuk …ebIraCkaredjbJŒb'xM∆¨[Qb'eFI√kar bÌËn®busnigkµÁyxM∆¨®tUvdac'eJHs¬ab'˘˘˘ ehtuem†ck*bgeFI√VbxM∆¨y\"agenH ? . erOge®samex~Iyrbs'bgenaH xM∆¨minVndwgTal'EtesaH xM∆¨mindwglYcykmkeFI√GI√ ebIxM∆¨KµanTSgexI~yekIypgenaH . m\"¥agvijeTot xM∆¨minEdlsal'pÊHrbs'bg pgetIbgVt'vaenAkEn¬gNa ? . niyaybeNI†ryMbeNI†r EP~ksm¬wgelak®BHraCGaC∆arCab'Canicç . elak®BHraCGaC∆arenAeBlenaHmanyuti†Fm· minVnsYrG~kcugecaTeTEtEbrCasYrBITIlMenArbs'G~kedImecaTeTAvij . luHsYrnSrYcehIy eTIbeKdwgfa G~k®kUcCa®sI «bn» EdlmanlMenAenAmuxsƒaniyrfePI¬gVt'dMbgehIyEdlmanemCa®sIyYnm~ak'eQµaH «eg√øg-FImWuy» . ®sIyYnenHVnrt'eq√cq√ac KitKUrsUkV\"n'eKeFI√em†cedIm∫I[nageTog®tUvCab'Kuk edIm∫IsMerctambMNg . cMENk‰G~k®kUcrkJk¥eqI¬ynwg®BHraCGaC∆arminrYc rdibrdub k*®tUv®BHraCGaC∆aredjecjBITIkEn¬gkat'eTasenaHeTA . elakEbrmkrknageTogehIyniyayfa – ebItamc∫ab' karEdlmandIkarcab'x¬Ány\"agenH tulakr
GgkarCanrNa ? 205®tUvEtXMunagTuksin . EtebImanG~kNam~ak'cUlmksMuFananag xM∆¨[nagenAe®kAXMuCabeN†aHGasn~Vn . kMBugEtx√l'x√ayy\"agenH ®sab'EteXIjelakb\"k'-saem\"tedIrcUlmkCamYynigelaks~gkarb\"UlIs tan'-GukNSeGog . nageTogrt'®tVj'eCIgeTArkelakTSgBIrCMrabBIerOgGkuslenH . elakTSgBIrVns†ab'cb'sB√®Kb'ehIyk*jjwmedIrcUlmkkan'bnÊb'elak®BHraCGaC∆a . elakm\"k'-saem\"tk*cuHhtƒelxaFananageTog[VnrYcx¬ÁnenAe®kAXMuCabeN†aHGasn~sin . nageToge®tkGrNas'k*sMBHlaelakTSgGs' vilcUlkan'salaext†edIm∫IeFI√kareLIgvij . b\"uEn† ! BueTÏaeGIy ! raCkarecj®bkasbJŒb'nagBIkEn¬geFI√kar rg'cSkarCMnMuCMrHBItulakarsin . enAeBlenaH nag®tUvGs'Gg˚rrlIg . ´f©enaHCa´f©esAr,_ Kwm-c&nÊkan'kUnVvkJças'mYyedIredayeCIgeTAkan'PUmikac'reTH Edlmancm©ay25K˘m˘BIVt'dMbg edIm∫IeTAsMuTanGg˚rBImamIgkmı¨Cae®kamenATIenaH . EsÌkeLIg´f©GaTit¥ em\"ag®bEhl9®Bwk vNˆaedIr{bkmIgeTogBIe®kayyMhiu@ . - mIgeGIy xM∆¨X¬anVyNas' ! . eBlenaHnageTogedIrdl'®ckTal'ehIy luyEdlenAsl'bni†cbn†Ácbg'Q~ÁlpÊHGs'rlIg etIeFI√y\"agem\"ceTA ? nageTogeGHx~gkµÁylYgelam[eKgluH®taedklk'˘˘˘ mYysnʨHnagnwkeXIjmeF¥aVymYy k*das'kµÁy[e®kak . - vNˆaGah_ ! kµÁykMst'æm†aymIgehA GrNas'e®kakeLIgesIgmemIugedaysµanfac∫as'CamanGIj¨SehIy . vNˆaemIlmuxm†aymIg . - cUrkµÁyes¬økJk'ehIyedIreTApÊHBUbwum mIgGWyeTA ( Kat'TSgBIrnak'bI†®bBnÏenAPUmirMdYl mancm©ay4K˘m˘BIkEn¬gnageTogenA, e®kaymkKat'k¬a-yCa“Bukm†ayekµkrbs'Kwm-c&nÊ ) . eBlKat'erobVy[kUn@Kat'j¨ScUrkµÁyedIrcUleTA kMuxµas'eGon . vNˆaraErkehIyk*sYrfa – - etImIgVnGIBisar ? - mIgGacGt'Fµt'karGt'X¬anVn, nageTogGEgÌlk∫alkµÁyehIyjjwm lYgcit†kµÁyd*kMst' . mIgpwkEtTwk®sHk*GacEqÌtVnmYyeBl@Edr . vNˆaGl'EGkCax¬Sg EtmYysnʨHk*suxcit†edIrecjeTA˘˘˘ ❑
GgkarCanrNa ? 206 dac'ExkJÔa, nageTogKµanluy200$bg'Q~ÁlpÊHeT . nag®tUvEtkat'kareGonxµas'eTAf√aybgMelak®KU Ekv-sag sgÙraCvt†kMEpgnigCaGnuK-Next†Vt'dMbg ehIyEdl®tUvCabgciJçwmrbs'nag . nagTUlerobrab'GMBIkarB¥aVTminsmTMng˘˘˘ EtCaBiessKWnagcg'mksMuluy200$edIm∫Ibg'Q~ÁlpÊH . elak®KUEkv-saghucluy[nag ®BmTSgbgab'[eKsg'kUnxÊmmYysiƒtenAxagliceqogxageCIgvt†kMEpg Cab'rbbbnÊayTahaneCIgexµA (Ta-hanexmrPUminÊ) edIm∫I[CIvitd*kMst'TSgbIrs'enACabeN†aHGasn~sin . enA´f©TI10-10-51, em\"ag®bEhl2resol, ®sab'Etmanb\"UlIs®kug2nak'cUlmkkan'kUnxÊmnageTog ehIyk*cab'nagTSgbg≈MnSeTAkariyal&y´ns~gkarb\"UlIs®kug . eTAdl's~gkardΩan ®sab'EteXIjbg®kUcnigG~keg√øg-FImWuyjjwmepInmkrknag . P~ak'garb\"UlIsKµansYredjedalGI√BInageT, ®sab'Etsm¬wgmuxbg®kUc G~kmWuy jak'muxdak'K~a rYccab'´dnagTa-jbeNI†reTAXMu . luHeXIjmanGMeBIGyuti†Fm·y\"agdUec~H nageTogE®skLËLasYrrkxus®tUv˘˘˘ b\"UlIs®cannagbJçËlk~¨gbnÊb'XMuXSg . ®TSElgVn nageTogk*t´d edaysMBgP~ak'garb\"UlIsenaH2-3q&®t . P~ak'garb\"UlIsxwgx¬SgNas'k*yar´dTHkMeP¬øgnageTog . b\"uEn† ! sem¬gmYyE®skKMhkKMram BIe®kAs~gkardΩanmkfa – - Qb'sin ! Qb'sin ! nageTogemIltamsem¬g KWelaktan'-GukNSeGog . elakE®skb-eNI†r®BmTSgcuHBIelILanhßI¨bbeNI†r . elakbk'´dehAP~ak'garb\"UlIscU-lkan'kariyal&y . mYysnʨHFM elakk*ecjmkCYbbg®kUcnigG~kmWuy .elakcg̨lmux®sITSgBIrnak'rYcniyaysML¨tfa – G~k‰gTSgBIrnak'®tUvecjBITIenHP¬am ebImindUec~aHeT xM∆¨XMuG~k‰gvijehIy . elaknays~gkardΩanedIrmkkan'´dnageTog nSeTAeLIgLan ehIyk*brecjeTA . elakniyayfa elakb\"k'-saem\"tVnCMrabelakBIerOgr\"avd*kMst'rbs'nageTogehIy . elakmanesckI†GaNitmkelInagCaBn'eBk. cMENkerOgEdlekItmaneLIgGm∫aj'mijenH KWvaxusc∫ab'TSg®sugehIy . e®JHsMNMuerOgEdlG~k®kUcbw†gecaTnagenaH kMBugEtbn†enAsaladMbUg‰eNaH . dUec~HerOgGm∫aj'mijenH P~ak'garkMhUcrbs'xM∆¨va®tUvr\"UvK~aCamY-
GgkarCanrNa ? 207yG~k®kUc-G~kmWuy edayeq¬øteBlEdlxM∆¨ecjeTAbMeBjebskkmµenAP~MeBj edIm∫IbMrugrMelaPeFI√Vbnag . nageTogelIk´dsMBHelakNSeGogsMueTasehIysYrfa – ehtuem\"†celakmkTan'eBlEdleKbMrugeFI√Vbnag ? . elakNSeGogemIlmuxnagrYcman®bsasnf_ a – - nagmanbuN¥kuslxıs'Nas' ! enAeBlEdlxM∆¨eTAdl'b\"usb†i_ \"UlIs®sukemagÚsßI eKhucTUrelxmYyc∫ab'mkxM∆¨ [vilmkCYbelakext†vijCabnÊan' . eBlxM∆¨cUlmks~gkardΩan xM∆¨k*eXIj®Bwti†karNe_ nH ehIyk*E®skbJŒb'P~ak'garenaHeTA . ≤LËvenHxM∆¨®tUveTACYbelakext† EtxM∆¨eq¬øteBl2-3naTICUnnageTACYb®BHraCGaC∆ar edIm∫I[elakCYyedaH®sayerOgbN†wgG~k®kUc-G~kmWuy [Vndac'®sLHBIkarecaT®bkan'TTwgTisenH . BIrGaTit¥e®kaymk nageTogTTYldIkarekaHehABIsaladMbUg [cUls†ab'karCMnMuCMrH . tulakarkat'esckI†sMercfa – - TI1 nageTog®tUvrYcx¬Án . TI2 nagmansiTiÏb†wgtbtTamTarCm©Wcit†BIG~kedImecaTvij . nageTogsMubdiesFP¬am minb†wgtva\"GI√eLIy . nag®bjab'®bjal'sM-BHsMuGrKuNelak®BHraCGaC∆ar nigsMulaeTAkan'kUnxÊm JMnSBt·manenHeTA®Vb'bÌËnnigkµÁy . mkdl'P¬am vNˆaelatmk{bkm†aymIg – - tulakarkat'esckI†[mIgVnrYcx¬ÁnehIy . vNˆajjwme®tkGrNas' EtrYcmkk*E®beFI√muxs©ÁtrYcxßib®Vb'mIgfa – - mIgeGIy, eyIgCitGs'Gg˚reTotehIy . - minGIeT, cSmIgeTAsMuTanBU-mIgeyIgenAPUmikac'reTHedayx¬Án‰g .nageTogGEgÌlk∫alkµÁyd*kMst' lYgelamkMu[Vrm∏ . ®BlwmEsÌkeLIg nageTogmUrVvkJças'mYycgkan'enA´d ehIyecjdMeNIreTAPUmikac'reTH . eTAdl'P¬am bgbÌËnrt'QUrqrmkTTYlsaksYrsuxTuk≈ CaBiesscg'dwglTÏpl´nkarb†wgecaT®bkan'rbs'G~k®kUc . nagVnerobrab'®Vb'bgbÌËnsB√®Kb'˘˘˘˘ eXIjVvkJças'enA´d ®Kb'@K~ayl'BIerOgenH k*nSK~aekIb®sUvCan'Gg˚redIm∫I®ckVv . kMBugEtrvIrvl'buk®sUv ®sab'EteXIjG~kbrLanQ~ÁlyksMbu®tBIrsn¬wkmk[nag . nageTogebIksMbu®tTI1 Carbs'Kwm-c&nÊ –
GgkarCanrNa ? 208 - mkdl'bgCaTIeKarB, bgeGIy ! manP~ak'garb\"UlIs®kugmkrkbgeTotehIy . {bgeGIy !kmµeyIgGIk*®kas'em\"¬H > {eTvtaeGIy ! elakman®BHen®tTiB√ ehtuem†ck*elakminCYykarJrbgbÌËnxM∆¨ CaCnsucritpg ? . sMbu®tTI2 CadIkarekaHehArbs'®ksYgb\"UlIs®kug . bgbÌËnP&yeqaeLa ´rluyK~arkLanCUnnageTogeTAkan'®kugVt'dMbgCabnÊan' . eTAdl's~gkardΩan nagrt'jab'eCIgTSgP&yTSgq©l'˘˘˘ ®sab'EtnageXIjelakNSeGogecjmkTTYl ehIyman®bsasnf_ a – - salaext†Vt'dMbgehAnag[cUleFI√karvijehIy ! . ❑❑ ❑ enAeBlEdlGt'®Vk'Exy\"agenH etIG~kTSgbInak'VnGI√briePaK ? CIvitTSgbIenH CaCIvitEdl®kxßt'swgrkG~k®bdUcKµan . EtenA®sukExµreyIgenAeBlenaH eKGacBwgJk'K~aeTAvijeTAmkVn . elIsBIkarBwgJk'enH m~ak'@s√HEs√grksIuQ~ÁlnayTunedIm∫IbÂgb'karx√Hxat . enAeBlenaHral'@yb' Kwm-c&nÊeTAsIuQ~ÁlefAEkEk-Kwmsflan mças'eragc®kGareQIenApßarelI . nageTogbe®gonPasayYndl'kUnyYnx¬H . vNˆaedIrtam“BukmaerIssMbkeQI eTAsÊËc®tI cab'k†amx¥g ebHEp¬GMBil .l. luykak'rkVnbni†cbn†ÁcsMrab'Tb'Tl'karx√HxatcSVc' dUec~HeyIgTSgbInak' minGacbriePaK[Vn®Kb'®Kan' nigq©aj'BisartamcMNg'VneT . eBlVy G~kTSgbIGg¨ypÊal'dImuxkUnxÊm˘˘˘ m˙ËbmanEt®tIGSgTTYlTanpÊab'CamYyGMBilxIçbukCamYyGMbilemÊs ( kaleNaHminx√HGMBileT ) . mansMnYrsYrfa nageTogmanTuk≈evTnay\"agNaeTA ? - TI1 eBlTTYldMNwgfa “BukeFI√Gt†XatedIm∫IrMedaHkUnnigecABI®kj¨Sevotmij . - TI2 eBlTTYldMNwgfa elakekog-≤ÂnÊ®tUvevotmijcab'eTAehIy . Tuk≈®tYtelITuk≈ ! kMBugEtKSgedIm®TUgyMminecj˘˘˘ ®sab'EtG~k®kUc®BYt´dCamYy®sIyYneg√øg-FImWuy b†wgecaT®bkan'BIerOgkMbiukkMb\"ukedIm∫ItamB¥aVT [Vt'bg'kargar [dac'eJHs¬ab'Etb\"ueNˆaH . enAeBlenaH nageTog
GgkarCanrNa ? 209Gs'meF¥aVy KWKiteFI√em\"c[EtVnGg˚r®ckq~Sg edIm∫IciJçwmbÌËnnigkµÁy . ❑❑ ❑ enAcugExtula1951 yayeLIyVnmktamkUn®sIenAext†Vt'dMbg .mkdl'P¬am yayeLIyhuckJçb'mYyy\"agFM[kUn®sI . nageTogebIkkJçb'eXIjluy850$ ! . BueTÏa ! nagEsnrIkray≤tåbma yk´dGEgÌlluy GEgÌlehIyGEgÌleTot ®sab'EtTwkEP~kmindwgmkBINahUreCaKCS !!! nagsMBHm†aysYrfa – etIEm\"VnluyBINamke®cInem\"¬H ? - kUn®sIeGIy ! e®kayeBlEdl“Buk‰gcgksm¬ab'x¬ÁnehIy ! evotmijEtgEtekaHehAm†ay [eTAemIlK~avasm¬ab'mnusßEdlvaecaTfa «k∫t'»swgEtral'´f© . bnÊab'mkeTot vaeFI√[Em\"dwgfa vaVndak'EpnkartameFI√VbkUn‰gtamry:®sIxUc . Em\"P&yNas'mindwgeFI√y\"agNaeT . TTYleBlenaHm†ayVnTTYlsMbu®telak≤ÂnÊmYyc∫ab' [erobcMpßMpM¨kUn‰gCamYyyI-vij®TI . e®kaymkeTotEm\"Vndwgfa elak≤ÂnÊ®tUveKcab'Vt'eTAehIy .eBlEm\"kMBugEtP&y®BYy ®sab'Etelakfac'-TIhugsresrmk®Vb'm†ayfa[eTACYbelakGFikarV\"n'-LËv . eBlm†ayeTAdl' Kat'k*Bn¥l'®Vb'bIerOg®Vk'bMNac' « ra\"b'Eb\"l » rbs'kUn‰g EdlrdΩaPiVlVrSgVnebIk[k~¨gcen¬aHeBlExF~Ëq~S1946dl'Exkk˚da1948 . ehtudUec~HehIyeTIbEm\"sMerccit†mktamkUnenAVt'dMbgenH . nageTog{bm†ayedIm∫IEf¬gGMNrKuN . Gg¨yKitmYy®sbk' nagk*rlIk´dsMBH ehIyhucluy7000$ CUneTAm†ay®BmTSgniyayfa – - Em\" ! ®Vk'4000$enH sUmEm\"cat'EcgeFI√ectiyTUkCUnexµacelak“BukenAvt†®bTkßiNnie®Kat . ®Vk'3000$eTotsUmEm\"CUneTAelakyayfac'-FIjIv (m†ayrbs'elakekog-≤ÂnÊenAemm\"ay bI†s¬ab'ecaltSgBIekµg ‰kUn@k*®tUvevotmijtameFI√VbTSgbgTSgbÌËn ) . cMENkxM∆¨˘˘˘ xM∆¨Tuk1500$sMrab'cayvay nig´llkTijkg'mYyCiHeTAeFI√kar . ´f©TI11-11-51 yayeLIyk*erobGaJhB_ iJhk_ Un®sIKat'CamYynigyuvCnyI-vij®TI tamTMenomTMlab'®b´BNIExµr enApÊHBUbwm-mIgeGIy siƒt
GgkarCanrNa ? 210 munnwgecjeTAbMeB jebskkmµenAPUmila c elak≤ÂnÊVnsr- esrsMbu®tbIc∫ab' . mY yepI∆eTAyayeLIy mY yeTotsMrab'elak®KU eBT¥yI-vij®TI Edl Kat'ykeTA[pÊal'´d enAkEn¬geFI√karenAmnIÊr eBT¥®BHektumala Ed lp†S[erobkarCamYy nageTog . mYyc∫ab' eTot sMrab'nageTog pÊal' EdlepI∆Tuktam ry:®BH®KUEkv-sag enAeBlEdlnageTog eFI√dMeNIreTAykbÌËnni gkµÁy‰ext†®tavij . sMbu®tmanesckI†CaGa Tifa – « mkdl'GaeTogCaectiyelakKwm-vNˆ: enAPUmicug´®B ext†®tvij TIesaks†ay ! ( kmı¨Cae®kam ) ftenA´f©TI7-6-93 GaeTogeGIy, KµanGI√ esaks†ayCagbgs†ayGUneT . mYyCIvitbgenH ekItTuk≈Cab'Canic碢˘. ebHdUgbgQWcab'ex¬acpßaedaykaresaks†aynUvesckI†es~haGs'BIdYgcit†rbs'bgmkelIGUn Edlbgyl'faKµan®sINa®bdUcVn . b\"uEn†vasnaGa®kk'Vnt®mUvbEg√gdan[bgCYbnig®sIEdlmanQamC&rCas®tUvnwgsasne_ yIg . eNI˙ycuH enHCaerOgGP&B√rbs'bg . b\"uEn†bgKitrUbGUn bgKitdl'GUnCanicç . dUec~HbgsUmGg√r cUrGUn®BmerobkarCamYyGUnyI-vij®TIeTANa±GUnNa± . sUmGUnkMu®b=
GgkarCanrNa ? 211qSgnwgbN†S rbs'bgenH . efI√dUec~H ebIbgs¬ab'eTA bgnwgbiTEP~kCit˘˘˘ htƒelxa ≤ÂnÊ » . elakyI-vij®TI CakUn®busTI4rbs'elakta yI-tam nigyaytSg-FIlIv . ekItenAq~S1931 enAXMu´g\"esog ®suk®takUv ext†®tavij kmı¨Cae®kam .elak®bLgCab' CEPFI q~S1946 . enAq~S1948 evotmijerobcMbJÇËnelakeTAkan'eb\"kSg (CMnan'CamYynageTog) . “Bukm†ayelakVnbeN†aHeTAraCFanIP~MeBj . elakmanvasna®bLgcUleronenAsalaKilanub∫dΩakCab' rYcelakbn†viCÇabecçkeTsEp~kTIBiesaFn_ . erobGaJhB_ iJhr_ Yc KUs√amIPriyaefµagfIµmanEthibeQInigE®KsM-Bt'm~ak'mYyEtb\"ueNˆaH . ®kEsn®k ! . ❑ Exemsaq~S1953 ®KYsard*kMst'enHVnTTYlsMbu®tmYyc∫ab'BIelaktayI-tam EdlmanesckI†CaGaTifa – - evotmijsm¬ab'kµÁy®busbegI˚trbs'Kat'eQµaH yI-vijNam . evotmijkat'k∫al kat'´d kat'eCIg CakMNat'@ ecalTukenAmuxpÊH . KµanbgbÌËnEm\"“…G~kNam~ak'hflanyM…emIlmuxexµaceT . luHyb'ggitmkdl' eTIbtatamhflanedIreTA®bmUlkMNat'exµacykmkbJç¨HenAe®kaypÊH . ´f©bnÊab'mkeTot evotmijcUlmkcab'kUn®busbegI˚tTI5rbs'Kat'eQµaH yI-faj'etak .rebobvasm¬ab' KWcab'cg´dPÇab'CamYyeCIgdUccg®CUk . rYcvacgPÇab'eTAnwgbegalkMBs'®bEhl10Em\"®t . rUtExßBIelITm¬ak'Cnrge®KaHmke®kamrYcTajeLIgTm¬ak'cuH, TajeLIgTm¬ak'cuHCae®cInsar . munnwgs¬ab'faj'etakevTnaVk'qÌwg Vk'´d Vk'eCIg s¬ab'k~¨gKMnrQamEsnex¬acpßarkJk¥sresrmin®tUveT . ehtudUcem†cVnCaevotmijsm¬ab'yI-vijNam nigyI-faj'etaksa-havem\"¬H ? . - yYnGtItevotmijEdlbMerIVrSgenAeBlenaH Cacarbursrbs'evot-mij . vaEtgEtnSkgT&BedIrkat'tamcMkardUgrbs'tatam siƒtenAPUmie®Cay
GgkarCanrNa ? 212Tnßa XMu´g\"esog . eBlvaedIrkat'cMkarm†g@ vaEtgEtsIuEp¬dUgxIçCanicç . edIm∫I[VnsIuEp¬ vaykBUefAkab'bMp¬ajedIm p†ÁlmkdI rYceTIbsIuEp¬ hutTwky\"agefakTabCaTIbMput . ´f©mYyBYkvaedIrmkkat'cMkar . kMBugEteq¬q¬arkkab'edImdUg eXIjdUec~aH yI-vijNamnigyI-faj'etak k*eLIgebHdUgTm¬ak'[BYkvasIu . sIuEqÌts˚b's˚l'ehIy BYkym∏ËVlGs'enaHk*edIrecjeTA˘˘˘®sab'mYyrMeBCe®kaymk BYkevotmijk*cUlmkdl' ehIyk*ecaTfaTSgBIrnak'enHk∫t'nwgva . bn†bnÊab'mk evotmijk*ykerOgenHmkeFI√CaelsedIm∫Is-m¬ab'bMputBUCyI . tatamk*sMerccit†cakecalTIlMenA E®scMkar mk®CksMNak'CabeN†aHGasn~k~¨gvt†ExµreQµaH « eJFisalraC …vt†kMBg' » EdlsiƒtenAkN†alTI®kug®tavij . elaktanSkUn®busTI7eQµaHyI-faj'TIGayu13q~S nigecA®buseQµaH LS-k√anVn Gayu4q~S Edl®tUvevotmijnS“BukeTAVt'≤tdMNwg . elak®KUeBT¥®TInig®bBnÏTTYlsMbu®tenHP¬am k*sMuc∫ab'Qb'sMrak sMusMbu®tedIrp¬Ëv rYcecjdMeNIreTAext†®tavijP¬am . eBleTAdl'ehIyk*VnCYb“Buk bÌËn nigkµÁydUcesckI†®Vf~a . enATIenaH mankumarm~ak'eQµaHKwm-bUGayu12q~S ®tUvCakµÁyCIdUnmYyG~k®sIeTog nigyuvCnm~ak'eToteQµaHKim-sug®Tij ehAKwm-Er\"n Gg√rsMuCYyGnue®KaHpg e®JHBYkx¬Án®tUvevotmijbMrugbJÇËneTAeb\"kSgqab'@enHehIy . elak®KUeBT¥®TIk*sMercnSykmkkan'ext†Vt'dMbgTSgGs' . nwk@eTAKYr[GasUrtatamNas' enAeBlEdlKat'eKcecjputBIe®KaHf~ak'mkdl'Vt'dMbgehIy eTIbKat'nwkeXIj «yM» . Kat'yMehIyyMeTotedIm∫IbnÏËr®TUg . e®JHKat'eXIjpÊal'EP~k nUvkarkab'sm¬ab'rbs'evotmijeTAelIkUnnigkµÁyKat'y\"agsahav´®B´pßCaTIbMput . enAeBlenaHKat'P&ys¬n'es¬a eP¬cKityM KaMgmat' KSgk niyaysI†Elgecj .man®sI@Cae®cInenAeBlenaH Edl®tUvevotmijsm¬ab'bI† kUn k*siƒtenAk~¨glk≈N:dUcK~anigtatamenHEdr . cMENkyayeTogk*GJçwgEdr bnÊab'BITTYlkarrukKYnrbs'evotmijmkrt'mk®CkekanenAkmı¨CakN†alevotmij cat'K~atamB¥aVTrhUtmkdl'sm&yGgkar nigrbbGay\"gyYn, k~¨gkML¨geBl4q~SKt', Kat'TTYlTuk≈Efm®tYtelITuk≈ral'´f© . kartk'sl¨t s¬n'es¬a eFI√[Kat'KµaneBkyM eFI√[Kat'Qb'ecHyM . luHmanvasnaVnmkdl'®beTsTI3 Kat'man{kassresr®bvti†sa®s†d*CUrct'nigBitCak'Es†g≤tbMepI¬senH . enA®tg'vKenHKat'®tUvQb'
GgkarCanrNa ? 213Gg¨yyMsin yMTal'EtGs'cit† eTIbKat'cab'sresrteTAeTot . ❑❑ ❑ynY evotmijeVkExµrkmı¨Cae®kam ´fT© 2I 1-5-49, VrSgseM rc®bKlT' kw dEI xrµ kmC¨ı ae®kam[maç se' dmI vji .Exrµ kmC¨ı ae®kamKaµ nGk~ ecHdgw dkw nStvan\" gw eK deU cH~ Tkw dkI mC¨ı ae®kam®tvU Fa¬ kk' ¨~gkNa† b´' dynY eday®sbc∫abC' aelkI T2I . erOgenHVrSgKaµ nkhM su eT e®JHkaleNaHebrI aCkarExrµ VnTkw dkI mC¨ı ae®kamBVI rSg eKGace®bobVneTAngw sts√ a√ EdlVnEpd¬ gU GJgwç Edr . TkwdkI mC¨ı ae®kamstƒi enAe®kamkar®ttY ®tarbsV' rSg Gsr' y:eBlCti myY st-vtß . EtraCkarExrµ esaHGegyI mni rvlx' l√ n' gw erobcKM eM ragEpnkaredmI ∫®I Kb®KgTalE' tesaH . py¨Ê eTAvji ynY manEpnkarrbsv' a edaye®KagTku tSgBqI S~ 1945mkemH¬\" ‹ mnu dbM gU vacatk' arsma¬ b' ngi kcM ayra®sE† xrµ kmC¨ı ae®kam CaBei ssGk~ecHdgw [sa¬ bG' s' . Gk~ EdlenAslB' sI a¬ b' kr* tx' aç tx' aç yecal®sku rVt\" 'rVy\" exa¬ cpßa . ‹ bnaÊ bm' k vaerobcrM ebob®Kb®' KgedaybEM bkCa®kmu @ . vadgw fa®kmuenH®tvU eFe√I nH ®kmu enaH®tvU eFe√I naH . e®JHehtdu cU enHehyI VnCaenAeBlEdlVrSgdkfyBkI mC¨ı ae®kamPa¬ m vamanKa~ vaeBj®Kb®' ksgY . rcY ehyI vakG* nvu tE† pnkarkeM TcExrµ kmC¨ı ae®kamteTAeTot . edmI ∫«I tbsg~ sgKNu » EdlExrµ VnCyY vakeM TcedjVrSg ynY evotmijk®* bmlU Exrµ kmC¨ı ae®kamEdlCasmaCki smaKmmti P† aBExrµ -ynY TSgGs'rcY nSykeTATku [sa¬ be' calqgwÌ enAhaNyU manelaksgW -ePOkrtn_ ngielakLS-´fCaedmI . rcY ehyI valbb' VM tX' a¬ «smaKmmti P† aBExrµ -evotNam»Pa¬ mk[uM EbkkarN_ . EtvarkßaXa¬ enHTku nSykmke®bI edmI ∫eI VkExrµenAkmC¨ı akNa† lmyY elkI eTot .
GgkarCanrNa ? 214 ‹ dUceyIgeXIj®sab'ehIyfa bnÊab'BIVncUlmkratt∫atk~¨g®sukExµredaydak'bn†¨bGay\"gvarYce®scVc'k~¨g´f©7-1-79, enA´f©18-2-79 yYnhaNUykumµ¨ynis†k*nSX¬a«mit†PaBevotNam-kmı¨Ca» mkeLIgvijP¬am edI-m∫IeVkExµrmYyk†areTot . Eb¬kEtJk¥mYym\"at'KWvafa «kmı¨Ca» CMnYs «Exµr»Etb\"ueNˆaH . edIm∫I «tbs~gsgKuN» ra®s†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamEdlxMeFI√E®s eFI√cMkar ciJçwmst√ rYcbg'BnÏ (Ngugêt Phi) [vaenaH, vabiTsalaeronCaPasaExµrP¬am.bnÊab'mkeTot vaecj®bkasbit®Kb'TIkEn¬gfa CnCatiExµrTSgGs' CaCnCatiyYn eTaHbIG~kNaecH…minecHPasayYnk*eday . erOgenH®BHsgÙExµrkmı¨Cae®kam VneFI√Vtukmµ®bqSgy\"agx¬Sgk¬aNas' . EpnkarTI1rbs'vaVnsMercdUcbMNg . rYcehIyenAExmina1958 vak*E®beQµaHBIevotmijfaCaevotkugeTAvij EtvaCa®kumdEdl CayYnhaNUydEdl EdleFI√tambJÇaEpnkarrbs'hU-CImijTSgGs' edIm∫InigvatTIykTwkdIkmı¨CakN†alteTAeTot . e®kayBIsWg-g\"ukmijbegI˚tVnExµrevotmijenA´f©TI19 nigTI28 Exmifu-na 1951mk, enA´f©20-9-52 hU-CImijVn®bkasCaåLariknigdac'Nat'edIm∫ICabN†Sfa – eKalCMhryuTÏsa®s†rbs'eyIg KW®tUvykevotNam[VnTSgmUl ®BmTSg®beTslav nig®beTsExµr cab'tSgBImat'T√ar´n®beTscinPaKxagt∫ËgrhUteTAdl'e®CayTwkexµA, BICYrP~M≤NÎËcinEb\"kxagekIt rhUteTATl'e®tIyTen¬emKg ( Notre objectif stratégique est de reprendre tout le Viêt Nam,le Laos et le Cambodge, de la porte de la Chine à la pointe de Camau,de la côte de l'indochine aux rives de Méking ) . e®JHehtuenHehIyVnCaTSgevotmij TSgevotkug TSgExµrGay\"gEd-lCaGtItExµrevotmij vaxM®bwgE®bgGnuvt†tambN†SenH . k~¨gkML¨g20q~SvabegI˚tVneQµaH «GgkarGnamik» EdlmansPaBexµAggitGnÏkaCaemb-JÇakarrbs'va . Ggkar≤trUbrageT EtGgkarman≤TiÏBly\"agx¬Sgk¬a Gac®bmUlkll∫icrbs'yYnevotmij EdlvaVnsab®BYs edIm∫Ism¬ab'nigkM-cayExµrenAkmı¨Cae®kamBIq~S1945dl'1954 enaHykmkGnuvt†enAkmı¨Cak-N†aleTot eday®Kan'EtEkT®mg'bni†cbn†Ácb\"ueNˆaH . vaGacsm¬ab'ExµrG~kecHdwgswgEtGs'rlIgeTAehIy cMENk‰G~kenArs'k*rs'TSgveg√grg√an'
GgkarCanrNa ? 215PSgP&n†sµartI . ®sab'Et≤LËvenH vaelcecjmuxyYnhaNUyCabUdUyc∫as'®kELtedIredayesrI eFI√®BegIykN†al´®B´n®beTsExµrdUceyIgVneXIjpÊal'EP~kenH . yayeTogGFib∫aymkdl'®twmh~wg Kat'k*f©ËrdMGUjfa – bN†almkBIyUnhaNUyCaevotmijrkerOgsm¬ab'kMcayExµrkmı¨Cae®kamenHehIy EdlxM∆¨minGac®TSenA®sukkMeNItVn . xM∆¨®tUvEtnSbÌËn@nigkµÁy@ cakecalTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kamEdlCaekr†mi_ rtkBIdUnta Tuk[vakan'kab' . xM∆¨®tUvEteKcx¬ÁnmksMNak'enAkmı¨CakN†aledayVt´dTeT . ®Vk'ebovtßbni†cbn†ÁceyIgxMsnßMsM´cedIm∫Ibg'Q~ÁlpÊHnig´f¬m˙ËbEtb\"ueNˆaH . e®kAem\"ageronnigeFI√kareyIgnSK~aedIrrkrbre®kAEpßpßMbEnƒmelI®Vk'Ex . lTÏplVnmkCaTIKab'®besIr EdlKYr[sresIrdl'kUnExµrkmı¨Cae®kamTSgenaHNas' . K~axMtsflUeronsU®tluH®taEtVnmuxgard*smrm¥erog@x¬Án . - Kwm-c&nÊ CasaÂs†acar¥be®gonPasaVrSg (®tUvGgkarsm¬ab') . - Kwm-sug®Tij ehAKwm-Er\"n CasaÂs†acar¥Can'xıs' nigCaelxaFikarTUtTI2 enAsƒanTUtGar\"ab' ( ®tUvGgkarcab'x¬ÁnTSgbI†TSg®bBnÏ bJçËlKukTYlEs¬genA´f©TI15-6-77 rYcVt'x¬ÁnrhUtmk ) . - yI-faj'TI Cavis√krxagelahFatu Vnbn†viCÇaenAshrdΩGaemriknig®beTsCb\"un (Vt'x¬Án) . - Kwm-vNˆa CaG~kbecçkeTsxagftrUbTUrTsßnn_ igPaByn† eFI√karenAkariyal&yG~knSJk¥´nrdΩaPiVl ( Porte-parole du gouvernement ) . - Kwm-bU CaGnuesniy‰k eFI√karenAext†ekaHkug ( ®tUvGgkarsm¬ab' ) . - LS-k√anVn CaGnuesniyeTakgT&Bm\"arInenAmUldΩane®Caycg√ar (Vt'x¬Án ) . cMENk‰®KYsarxM∆¨ eyIgmin®BegIykenI†yeLIy . eyIgsnßM®Vk'TijE®scMkar TijdIPUmi dSdMNS dSedImeQIsIuEp¬ . eyIgciJçwmman'Ta®CUk .eyIgmanCIk®sHFMciJçwm®tI . ral'@eBleyIgxM®bwgeFI√kar . eBlyb'eyIgbUmTwke®sacdMNSnigedImeQI, eBl®BwkmunnwgecjeTAeFI√karxM∆¨[cMNIman'Ta®CUk . eq¬øteBlva\"kg xM∆¨eTArkmnusßeFI√E®s . k~¨gry:eBl20q~S®KYsareyIgman®TB¥sm∫ti†d*s†¨ks†m∏ ≤tmanx√HxatGI√eLIy . ≤LËvenHq~S1979 yYnhaNUydEdlCaevotkug lYcbn¬M®Ckk~¨gTIggi
GgkarCanrNa ? 216te®bIeQµaHGgkar, xM∆¨®tUvrge®KaHm†geToty\"agF©n' . xM∆¨®tUv®Jt'bI† ®Jt'kUn@®Jt'kµÁy@ .l. emIlcuH ! Kwm-c&nÊCasmaCikbkßExµr®khmrbs'exov-sMpn, CashkarIrbs'mit†sflU ®tUvGgkarsm¬ab'enAExtula1976 . ebIsmaCikExµr®khmEd-lKµankMhusGI√esaHenaH ®tUvGgkarsm¬ab'eTAehIy cuHTMrSEtG~kEdlminEmnCaExµr®khmvij etIvasnaG~kTSgenaHnwgeTACay\"agNaeTAvij ? . - cMENk‰®TB¥sm∫ti†rbs'xM∆¨EdlxMksagsnßMmktSgBI20q~SenaH k*®tUvm\"dΩGs'rlIgCaelIkTI2 . ≤LËvenHxM∆¨enAsl'EtVt´dTeTm†geTotehIy cuHebIxM∆¨GayuCag50q~SeTAehIy etI[xM∆¨eFI√y\"agem\"ceTA ? . niTandl'®twmh~wg yayeTogtwgebHdUg KSgbMBg'kedayQWcab' xwgnwgyYnhaNUy Kat'dYl®bUseTAelIdI edks†Ëks†wgenAmYykEn¬g . eBlenaH nagyI-®TIra\"daP&ys¬n'es¬art'eTA{bm†ayTSgyMhWu˘˘˘hWu ! .q~SenHra\"daGayuVn24q~SehIy . nagCaGtItnisßitevCÇbNiÎt . tSgBIdwgkI†kalNamk nagEtgEteXIj“Bukm†aysMNak'enAxage®kayvt†rMdYl ®kugVt'dMbg k~¨gPUmi®KwHd*FMs˚wm´s˚mYy Edlsm©MenAkN†alcMkarEp¬eQI®Kb'mux . xage®kaypÊH man®sHbIFM@ . mankEn¬gciJçwmst√ nigmanE®scM-karCae®cIneTot . Kat'mankargareFI√d*smrm¥ manrfyn† Peugot 404 elxP˘B˘8292 sMrab'CiHeTAeFI√kary\"agmenarm¥ . ra\"daminEdlæm†ay…“BuknagniTanerOgd*kMst'QWcab'enHTal'EtesaH. nagk*{bm†ayyMehIyyMeTot nwkGaNitm†ayminKYrGImkF¬ak'x¬Ándl'f~ak'h~wgesaH . eBlenaH´f©k*rHlµm ! ❑❑ ❑
GgkarCanrNa ? 217 CBM UkTI19 yayeTogk*elIkGMErk®TB¥sm∫ti† EdlKat'xMb†ËrCIvitlYclak'Tuky\"aglMVk ( ®TB¥enHebIGaTmiLeXIj vasm¬ab'Kat'ecalP¬am ) dak'elIsµa rYcbeN†Irmit†Pki†tamp¬Ëv®sbmat'sÊwg cUlkan'TI®bCMuCn®sukemagÚsßI . edIrbeNI†ryayeTogKyKn'beNI†remIleTsPaB´ncMkarEp¬eQI®Kb'CMBUkmandUg s√ay lµ¨t x~¨r emon edImTwkedaHeKa ®kUc®Kb'Fun EdlduHenACab'Citmat'sÊwg Edl®tUveqHex¬acsl'EtedIm vinashinehacedaycMVMgKYr[s†ay .pÊHnigPUmi®KwHFM@ ®tUvBYkGaTmiLruHerIdwknSecjGs'rlIg . sl'EtCeNI†reFI√BIGidΩnigkMeTcGidΩ . yayeTogmanGarmµNn_ wkeXIjbkßExµr®khmrb-s'exov-sMpn eF√s®bEhs®tUvcaj'eVkGgkarGnamikF©n'EsnF©n' KµanksagCatiGI√Tal'EtesaH KitEtBIbMp¬ajnigsm¬ab'Catix¬Án TIbJçb'®kumExµr®khmd*qÁtlIlaenH ®tUvGgkarbJÇa[sm¬ab'ecalexÊc . cMENk®bCaBlrdΩExµrk~¨gmYynKr Edlesssl'enArs'®tUvGgkarc∫Ëtyk®TB¥sm∫ti†Gs'rlIg ®Kb'@K~asl'EtVt´dTeT TIbJçb'®tUvGgkarekoredIrJs´®BesIÊrs¬ab'esIÊrveg√g . yayeTogrevIrvaynwkdl'®twmh~wg ®sab'Et…kUn®sIrbs'Kat'E®sk®Vb'fa – m\"ak'eGIy ! eyIgcUlsMrakk~¨gcMkarEp¬eQIxageq√g´d eyIgbbrhUbsin . ®sI@TSg15nak'k*beNI†rK~acUlkan'cMkard*FMl√wgelI√y manedImeQIsIuEp¬®Kb'muxb\"uEn†sl'EtedIm Emknigs¬wks√it®kjg'@ . eBlenaHra\"daval'Gg˚rBIrkMb\"ugkn¬HbbrEckK~ahUb . ®sI@TSg15nak'kMBughutTwkbbr®sab'Etæmnusße®cogbThU-CImij®tg'X¬a « GUn@sgÙwmfaGMuhUGayumYymWunq~S » . yayeTogEbrEP~ksm¬wgmit†@rbs'Kat'mYysnʨH rYck*dak'canbbrcuH®BmTSgniyayfa – « xM∆¨eTAemIlnrNae®cogbTh~wg » . yayeTogedIrt®mg'sem¬genaH . GujKat'P∆ak'®sLSgkSg edayeXIjbUdUyekµg@bInak'enAelIedImeQI bInak'epßgeTotQrenAnwgdIkMBugbeJçjskmµPaBbn†ExßlYs . bUdUyTSgenaHmanGayuy\"age®cIn18q~Sb\"ueNˆaH . yayeTogniyayeTAkan'bUdUyfa –
GgkarCanrNa ? 218 - eKarBkUn@ kUn@suxsb∫ayeT… ? kUn@eFI√GIh~wg ? . bUdUybg˙ajGakb∫kiriyaP∆ak'q©l'k*sYrrebobxusTMngfa – - Em\" ! Em\"eFI√em\"cgakputBIs¬ab' ? BIe®JHGgkar®tUvEtsm¬ab'yYnEdlekItenA®sukExµr ehIyEdlmin®BmeTAtamevotkug[Gs' . bUdUym~ak'enAEk∫renaHF¬ak'Twkmux k*eqI¬yEkt®mUvfa – - BYkkUnminsµanTal'EtesaHfamanyYnsl'enArs'˘˘˘ yayeTogmanGarmµNs_ gß&ynUvGakb∫kiriyaenH Kat'sgß&yk*bEg√gdansYrfa – -etIkUn@eFI√GI√ ? . - ®kumeyIgkMBugbn†ExßlYs BITI®bCMuCn®sukemag…sßIeTAkan'PUminanadUcCaE®sGYr camlÌa CaedIm . yayeTogQrsm¬wgkayvikarrbs'kUnyYnhaNUyTSg6nak'ekµg@mankSePI¬g´dEt3edIm kMBugbMeBjebskkmµbn†ExßlYsedayesrIkN†al´®Bs©at'k~¨g®beTskmı¨CaminTMngy\"agenH Kat'cg'E®sksYr[EbkemXEbkdI Ebk´®B®Bwkßafa etIGgkarrvl'eTANa ? etIExµr®khm®Kb'@®kums¬ab'´tehagGs'eTAehIy… ? ehtuem\"ck*caj'≤TiÏBlGakUnyYnhaNUyEt6nak'ekµg@minTMngy\"agenH ? . yayeTog®KvIk∫alrYcsMulabUdUyvil®tLb'eTACYbmit†@rbs'Kat' . eBlenaHk*eXIjG~k®sIbUrIedIrt®mg'mkrkKat' ®BmTSgelIk´dcg̨l .yayeTog®keLkEP~ksm¬wgtam´dcg̨lenaH Kat'eXIjenAelIf~l'manreTHeKa2pʨksuTÏEtlYs manbUdUy4nak'mankSePI¬g´d2edImkMBugbrreTHecosecjBIp¬Ëv edIm∫I[LanmYye®KOgebIkbrq¬gkat' . KWLanEdlCab'pugkN†alsÊwgenAPUmiGn¬g'kUb BImßilmijenaH‰g . ´f©enHLanenH®tLb'vilmkvijmanExµr®khmnirtIcMnYn30nak' man®sIman®busCiHCamYybUdUymuxjjwmrIkray . eBlenaHraÂs†ExµrVneXIjExµrnirtICiHLanCamYybUdUy k*manKMnityl'epßg@xusK~a . - manraÂs†ExµrmYyPaKEdlBicarNaminditdl' k*THKUfE®skedaye®tkGr . BIe®JHyl'®cLMy\"agF©n'sµanEtExµr®khmnirtI30nak'enH®tUvbUdUycab' . - manmYyPaKeTotdUc®kumyayeTogCaedIm ekHK~aQrsm¬wg®Kb'@K~a
GgkarCanrNa ? 219tUccit†eFI√muxs©Át BIe®JHyl'faCakll∫icfIµmYyeTot rbs'yYnhaNUyvaebIkbrLan®bmUlExµrnirtInSykeTAciJçwmbMJk'eKalCMhrtamEpnkarfIµbMJk'GavuF[eLIgvij E®beQµaHfIµrYcbeJçj[sIusac'hutQamraÂs†ExµrCMnYsvateTAeTot . ´f©22emsa1979 em\"ag2resol ®kumyayeTogbeNI†rK~abn†dMeNIrcUlkan'TI®bCMuCn®sukemagÚsßI . yayeTogEtgEtKyKn'emIleTsPaB®sbbeN†aydgp¬Ëv eXIjcMkarEp¬eQI®Kb'FunEdlecalKµannrNaEfTSk~¨gry:eBlbYnq~Sk*si√t®seJnCSJseBj . cMENkpÊHkEn¬gNak*dUckEn¬gNa eXIjsl'EtkMeTc≤dΩnigepHKYr[s†ayEsns†ay˘˘˘ yayeTogk*revIrvaynwkeXIjBIyb'´f©TI28 kum∏: 1948 Kat'eTIbGayu20q~S Kat'VnGg¨ys†ab'eg√øg-van'TijCaemevotmijBn¥l'fa ebIeFI√sÂga-mCamYyExµr KWyYn®tUve®bImeF¥aVyeTIbQ~H . eyIg®tUve®bIkll∫icbMEbkbMVk'j¨Sg[yl'®cLMkab'cak'sm¬ab'K~a eFI√[Gs'sgÙwm rYcswmeyIgecjmuxbg˙ajfa eyIgmkCYyeFI√[mansgÙwmeLIgvij . bcç¨b∫n~enH®tUvEmn dUec~HyYnhaNUymingayeVHbg'ecalKMnitelbykkmı¨CaeLIy . yYnhaNUy®tUvEtBn¥aeBl[yUr edayxIç´dGay\"gBImYyeTAmYyeTot [Vj'kab'sm¬ab'EtK~a‰gvk'vIteTAeTot . enAeBlEdlnageTogrt'mkdl'®beTskmı¨Ca nagEtgEtEvkEjk®Vb'eromc∫gGMBIåVyklrbs'yYnevotmij EdlnagVnGg¨ys†ab'edaypÊal'®tecok nUvGtƒaFib∫ayrbs'eg√øg-van'Tij tSgBIq~S1948mkem\"¬H . b\"uEn†Kµanbg@Nam~ak'ykcit†Tukdak's†ab'eLIy . nageTogxMBn¥l'bg˙ajGkßrBiessEdlevotmij´q~®bDitdak'eQµaHPUmi, XMu, ®suk, ext†, nKr´n®beTsExµr sMrab'carkicçrbs'vae®bI . åTahrN_ – A -> kmı¨Ca, A+B -> P~MeBj, A+B1 -> Vt'dMbg, A+B1+A -> ®suksEg˚A+B1+A1 -> XMus√ayeV\", A+B1+A2 -> XMuGn¬g'vil .l. k~¨gq~S1973 Ep~kswkext†Vt'dMbgcab'VnbUdUyCayYnhaNUym~ak'Gayu18q~S Ca®kumkSePI¬gFM . eBlenaHelakvr:esniy‰k v&n-s√ag CaG~kTTYlxus®tUvsYrcemI¬ybUdUyenH VnsMuBwgyayeTogCYyBinit¥esovePAEdlenACab'nwgx¬Ánva ( enAk~¨gesovePAenaHmanGkßrsm©at'dUcEdlVnerobrab'enAxagxagelI®sab' ) . eq¬øteBld*lÌenaH yayeTogxMEvkEjknUvkll∫icnigEpnkarrbs'yYnhaNUyCaevotmijdak'Tis ®tUvEtvatTIyk
GgkarCanrNa ? 220TwkdIkmı¨Ca[VnbJçËlk~¨gshB&nÏ≤NÎËcin . b\"uEn†eBlNak*dUceBlNaEdr enAeBlEdlyayeTogxMBn¥l'BIerOgenH Gs'elakTSgenaHEtgEtesIckac'kkac'®sg'rYceqI¬yfa – « yYnhaNUyCaevotmijkI†CaevotkugkI† vaylsbi†eTetI ! etIvaeFI√GIeyIgekIt ebIsB√´f©varkEtVysIuKµanpg ! » . manelakx¬HeFI√Úk®kGWtsMLk'sMLwgyayeTog BIk∫aldl'cugeCIgemIlgayeBb®CayeqI¬yrebobsI†benÊasfa – « hIu ! bg‰g[t´m¬yYnhaNUyNas' ! » . KYr[s†ayGs'elakTSgenaHNas' edaymindwgTal'EtesaHfa yYnhaNUymanJk¥mYyX¬aEcgfa – « ebIsinCaG~kmineTAvayswkenAkmı¨Ca G~knwgdac'eJHs¬ab' - EtebIG~keTAykVyrbs'kmı¨Ca G~knwgmanP&B√vasna Gacrs'enACabn†eTAeTot ! »( Si tu ne va pas te battre au Kampuchea, tu mourras de faim ! Si tu y vaprendre son riz, tu auras de chance de survivre ) . cMENkyayeTogKat'yl'fa bg@Exµrcit†raymayNas' ExµremIlgays®tUv emIlgayG~kraykarNh_ Ysehtuy\"agenH Kat'k*eVHbg'Qb'nwknarhUtmk . ≤LËvmaneQµaHGgkarGnamik Gac®cank∫alExµr®khm®Kb'nin~akar[nSkll∫icrbs'hU-CImij ykmksab®BYsJseBj®beTsExµr k~¨gry:eBlEtbYnq~S j¨Sg[nKrExµrTSgmUlEdlsMbUredaysuPmgl eday®T-B¥FnFan [rlayeTACaepH . ExµrkMBugGs'sgÙwm ®sab'EtyYnhaNUyCaevotNamcUlmkCYy[mansgÙwmeLIgvij . kMBugrevIrvaynwkeXIjerOgGtItkal ®sab'EtmanG~kE®skeLIgfa – « eyIgmkdl'pßar®sukemagÚsßIehIy » . yayeTogæsMdIenH k*®keLkEP~ksm¬wgmYy®tYs Kat'lan'mat'f©Ërfa – « {eTvtaeGIy ! emIlcuHTI®bCMuCn®sukmYyTSgmUl sl'EtkMeTcGidΩnigepH eXIjEtemXnigdI . yayeTogbeNI†rmit†@rbs'Kat'edIrkat'sƒaniyrfePI¬g k*eXIjTUrreTHePI¬gCae®cIn≤tKNna®tUvGgkardutbMp¬ajecal .q©ayBITIenaHbni†c xags†S´dmanvt†buraNmYy ®tUvGgkarvaybMp¬ajecalxUcxatexÊcxÊI . enAk~¨gbrievNvt†enaH eXIjsuTÏEtexµacLanKµanm\"asIun®Kb'FunCae®cInJn'e®KOgrV\"t'rV\"yJseBj .
GgkarCanrNa ? 221 ®sI@emm\"ayTSg15nak' k*beNI†rK~aedIrevogTIenaHmkkan'p¬ËvCatielx5. ´f©TI22-4-79 em\"ag®bEhl10yb' eyIgedksMrakelIcieJIçmf~l'p¬Ëvelx5xags†S´deTAkan'TI®kugVt'dMbg . edkpÊal'dI BwgdICakenÊl BwgemXCadMbUl k∫alekIy®TB¥sMNl'Cacuge®kaybgÌs' . yayeTogsm¬wgemIlraÂs†ExµrCae®cInEsnnak'edIreBjf~l' Vt´dTeTdUceKeTIbecjBIeragkun . edIrKµanTisedATSgyb'TSg´f©BIemagÚsßIeTAVt'dMbg Edlmancm©ayCag50K˘m˘ . KWmYyCYrxags†S edIrcUlkan'TI®kugVt'dMbg mYyCYrxageq√gedIrecjBIVt'dMbgeTAemagÚsßIvij . ®Blwm´f©TI23-4-79 yayeTogbbYlmit†@rbs'Kat'bn†dMeNIrtamp¬ËvCatielx5eTAkan'TI®kugVt'dMbg . em\"ag®bEhl10®Bwk ®kumyayeTogmkdl'PUmi kekaH Kat'VneXIjbUdUy3nak'kMBugetagebHEp¬s√ay . xageCIgbni†c 3nak'eTotenAe®kamedIm®ksSg muxjjwm QrpÊwmceg˚HemIlExµr«rt'swk» . bUdUyCayYnhaNUyekµg@TSgenHKµanGavuFeT . nwkKYr[esIceKakEmn ! ehtuem\"ckUnyYnhaNUymanvasnamkpÊwmceg˚HemIlExµrCamças'®suk Cae®cInEsnnak'kMBugs¬n'es¬aePosx¬Ánrt'ecjBI´®B rt'ecjBIkN†ab'´dExµr®khm Vt´dTeT®Kb'@K~ay\"agenHeTAvij ? . yayeTogk*bbYlK~acuHeTAsMrake®kamedIm®ksSgenaHEdr . bUdUyk*sYrfa – etImanEm\"NaecHniyayPasayYneT ? . eBlenaHyayeTogKat'GHGagfa Kat'ecHniyayyYn ! Kat'CaCatiyYn ! bUdUysMEdgÚkJrdUcCaP∆ak' vasm¬wgmuxK~amYysnʨHrYcvaniyaydUc®kumbUdUymunEdr . vasYryayeTogfa – - ehtuem\"cEm\"‰gsl'enArs' ? BIe®JHGgkar®tUvsm¬ab'GaNikCnyYn[Gs'Na± ! . yayeTogmanGarmµNq_ ©l'Esnq©l' nUvÚkJrbUdUyTSgenH . b\"uEn†Kat'eFI√dUcCae®tkGrCa´®kElg EdlVnCYbyYnsasnC_ amYyK~a Kat'sMusYresckI†suxTuk≈BIenHBIenaHbn†ic rYc®bjab'sMulabUdUybn†dMeNIreTAmuxeTot. enAeBlenaHKat'eXIj GabUdUym~ak'eKceTACYbK~avaEdlkMBugebHs√ayQrxßibK~amYysnʨH rYck*beNI†rK~aTSgbYnnak'eTACYbCMuK~ae®kamedIm®ksSg. manbUdUym~ak'niyayTn'P¬n'lYgelamyayeTognigyI-®TIra\"da [enAsMrakCamYyBYkvamYyyb'sin . yayeTogyl'famin®sYleT BIe®JHÚkJrbUdUyTSg6nak'enHKYr[sgß&yNas' . minbgÌg'Kat'k*sMula®kumvaecjdM-
GgkarCanrNa ? 222eNIrP¬am . em\"ag®bEhl6l©ac ®kumyayeTogmkdl'KILËEm\"®telx30 KWPUmi´®BdMrI cMk∫alE®srbs'Kat'EdlmanTMhM200m˘X1000m˘ . eBlenaHyayeTogKat'E®skyMdUckUnekµg yMhUrTwkEP~keCakfıal' Kat'yMehIyyMeTotBIe®JHtSgBIbIq~SmkehIyKat'eP¬cyM KWcab'tSgBIEBlEdlGgkarbJÇa[Exµr®khmcUlmkcab'cgelakyI-vij®TI CabI†rbs'Kat'nSykeTAsm¬ab'esckI†tk's¬t'rnÏt'd*hYsehtuenHj¨Sg[yayeTogdYlsn¬b'Vt'sµartICae®cInem\"ag luHKat'P∆ak'dwgx¬ÁneLIgvij Kat'eP¬cyMrhUt . eTIb´f©TI23-4-79 enH®sab'EtKat'nwkeXIjecHyM Kat'yMecjTwkEP~k Kat'yMbeNI†rKat'niyaybeNI†rra\"yra\"b'®Vb'mit†@rbs'Kat'beNI†rfa dIE®senHmanTMhM20hikta Ca®TB¥d*sMLaj'rbs'Kat' . Kat'rksIulUtlas'edaysardIE®senH . BIskraCsem†cnigelakln'-nl' Kat'nigbI†EtgEtnSkUnTSg6nak'CiHLanpÊal'x¬Ánmkkan'E®senHswgral'´f©GaTit¥ nS®KYsarj¨SVy . kUnTSg6nak'E®ske®cogelatrSelgkN†alvall˙el˙v mhaEsnsb∫ayrIkraymenarm¥ ®bkbedaysuPmgld*bribUN· . Kat'minsµanTal'EtesaHfanwgmane®KaHf~ak'dl'nUvvinashinehacCaelIkTI2dUec~HeLIy. eBlenaHyayeTogelIk´dcg̨lvalE®sd*FMl√wgelI√yCab'tambeN†ayp¬ËvCatielx5 ®BmTSgeFI√GtƒaFib∫ayfa – - GUn@emIlcuH®beTskmı¨CaeyIg minx√HvalE®sTal'EtesaH man®sab'@ emIldac'knʨyEP~k ehtuem†cGgkarTukecal[esµAduH®Tub®Tuly\"agenH ? ehtuem\"c GgkarEbrCadak'kMENn[ExµreTAlubbwg eTAkab'q˚arbMp¬a-j´®BeQIlÌ@edayykelsfa ykdIeFI√E®seTAvij ? CaBiesseTAeTotkEn¬gTSgLayenaHPaKe®cInCakEn¬g®Kuncaj' ®tUvQWs¬ab'y\"agsahave®JHKµanf~SkarJrTal'EtesaH . yayeTogbbYlmit†@rbs'Kat'edksMrakenAelIvalE®sd*kMst'rbs'Kat'mYyyb'sin . yayeTogedkpÊal'dI k∫alekIyP¬WE®s sMLwgemIlemXExEc®t xıs'®tEdtexov®sgat'KµanBBk . cit†rbs'Kat'nwkeTAdl'bI†Ed-lF¬ab'kMst'kMrCamYyK~a . Kat'nwkeXIjfa T®mSnwgeronVnCanaymnIÊrBiesaFn_ bg®TI®tUveronGs'Cae®cInq~S . bg®TIminEdlkan'kSePI¬gtTl'cMeJHKUbdibk≈NaTal'EtesaH . bg®TIEfTSEtG~kCm©WenAmnIÊreBT¥FMVt'dMbgtSgBIq~S1951dl'19
GgkarCanrNa ? 22375 . G~k®sukenA®kugVt'dMbg PaKe®cInTSgExµrTSgbreTsTTYlsal'bg®TICaeBT¥manbecçkeTsd*®twm®tUv mancit†ecHCYyG~k®kxßt'Edlrge®KaHf~ak' CYyåbtƒm∏G~kCm©WF©n'@EdlKµanbgbÌËn erIsekµgkM®JykmkciJçwm .cMENkbgbÌËnExµrkmı¨Cae®kam bg®TICYyemIlCm©Weday≤tKit´f¬ CYyciJçwm[eronsU®t . ral'@eBlmkkan'PUmi´®BdMrIenH bg®TIEtgEtnSykmknUvf~SdUcCa Ganidans, Aspirines, Pénicillines CaedIm ®BmTSgnMcMNInigsMBt'exaGav dak'Tan[G~k®suk . bg®TImancit†sb∫¨rsy\"agenH ehtuem†cVnCaGgkarsm¬ab'bg®TI ? erOgKYr[cEm¬k ®bCaCnenAkg´®Bs√ay TSg®bCaCnfIµTSg®bCaCncas' TSgKN:kmµkarkg TSgQ¬b manmit†ekadi mit†er\"tCaedIm eBldwgfaman®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMg cUlmkcab'cgbg®TInSykeTAsm¬ab' k*yMesaks†ay®Kb'@K~a . mit†ekadiniyay®Vb'mit†er\"tenAcMeJHmuxyayeTogfa x¬ÁnKat'cg'rMedaHmit†®TIEdr EtKYr[s†ayNas' Kat'´llkeFI√minTan' .mit†ekadibJÇak'fa mit†®TIecHksagx¬ÁnlÌNas' Kat'®Kan'EtCaeBT¥ ehtuem†ck*GgkarbJÇa[sm¬ab'Kat'GJçwg ?˘˘˘ yb'enaHyayeTogedkminlk'Tal'EtesaH Kat'nwkdl'esaknadkmµEdlGgkareFI√mkelIbI†Kat' . Kat'nwkdl'kar®Bat'BIbI† EdlsiƒtenACab'Canicçk~¨gebHdUgrbs'Kat' . ®Blwm´f©TI24-7-1979 yayeTogbbYlmit†@rbs'Kat'bn†dMeNIreTAmuxeTot . Kat'manvicarNJÔaNnwkGaeNacGFm·GasUrdl'raÂs†ExµrEdlCasasns_ ¬ËtbUt sucrit suPaBTn'P¬n' ®Kb'@rUbman®TB¥sm∫ti†mF¥m .®Kb'@®KYsarrs'enAsuxekßmkßan†y\"ag®sYl edaymanvtƒ¨FmµCatisiƒtenACMuvijTIlMenAKµanx√HGI√eLIy . CaBiessminEdlGt'X¬an minEdllMVkevTnaeLIy . mkEtBI®bmuxrdΩ TSgski†PUmi TSgExµr®khm x√HsmtƒPaB eF√s®bEhsbeN†ayx¬Án[caj'klåVyrbs'GgkarGnamik j¨Sg[®bCaCnExµrmYynKr Edlesssl'BIs¬ab' eTACa®krehmrhamVt´dTeT manEtGavexamYybn¬as'Cab'nwgx¬Án beNI†rK~aedIreTA KµanTis KµanedA BwgdICaE®K CakenÊl BwgemXCadMbUl rs'enAe®kamek†A kN†aleP¬øg kN†alx¥l' . yayeTogkMBugrevIrvaynwkeXIjesckI†rgTuk≈evTna´nraÂs†Exµr ®sab'
GgkarCanrNa ? 224Etæra\"da kUn®sIrbs'Kat'E®skehAfa – m\"ak'eGIy ! eyIgmkdl'PUmikac'reTHehIy . yayeTogQb'Qr®TwgmYysnʨH Kat'®keLkEP~kKyKn'emIlPUmienHmYy®tYs eBlenaHebHdUgKat'keÂJÇalE®skyMTb'minQ~H . yayeTogyMdUcmnusßqÁt yMehIyyMeTot BIe®JHPUmikac'reTHenH Kat'sni~dΩanTukCa®sukkMeNItrbs'Kat' . raÂs†ExµrenAPUmienHKWExµrkmı¨Cae®kamTSgGs' EdlnS®KYsarrt'eKcBIGMeBI´®B´pßrbs'evotmij rkerOgsm¬ab'bMputBUC mk®CkenAsuxsan†CayUrq~SmkehIy . yayeTogeKarB®sLaj'rab'GanG~k®sukPUmienHdUcbgbÌËnbegI˚t . PUmienHsiƒtenA®sbbeN†ayp¬ËvCatielx5 mancm©ayBI®kugVt'dMbg®bEhl25K˘m˘ . BImunq~S1975 PUmienHmanpÊHvILalÌ@Cae®cIne®KOg PaKe®cIneFI√GMBIeQImanedImeQIsIuEp¬®Kb'Fun dSCaCYr@B&TÏCMuvijpÊHTSgenaH . enA´f©enH PUmikac'reTHk¬ayeTACa´®Bvli¬B&TÏ . vILaTSgLayenHeXIjEtkMeTc≤dΩ . cMENkedImeQIsIuEp¬®Kb'@Funsi√t®kjg' ePI¬geqHex¬acKYr[esaks†ayNas' . G~k®sukePT®busenAPUmienH ®tUvGgkarsm¬ab'ecalCae®cInJn'nak' e®JHEtK~amanedImkMeNItCaExµrkmı¨Cae®kam . yayeTognwkeXIjkalBIbYnq~Skn¬gputeTA eBlEdlGgkarecjbJÇaedj®bCaCn[fyecjBITIlMenA eBlenaHyayeTog-ta®TI nSkUntUc@®VMnak'ePosx¬Ánmkkan'PUmienHenAem\"ag®bEhl10 ´f©TI24 emsa 1975 . mkdl'dMbUgKat'P&ttk's¬¨tswgsn¬b' e®JHKµaneXIjnrNaTTYlxus®tUvTal'EtesaH . Kat'edkyMesaks†ay®TB¥sm∫ti† . b\"uEn†kaleNaHyayeTogenAsl'®TB¥d*sMxan' KWkUn®VMnak'nigbI† . ≤LËv´f©enH em\"agdEdl ´f©dEdl xusEtq~S Kat'mkdl'PUmidEdl EtKat'enAsl'EtkUn®sITI2m~ak'Etb\"ueNˆaH . eBlenaHyayeTogE®skyMm†geTot edIm∫IbnÏËr®TUgEdlkMBugQWcab'ex¬acpßa . manEtTwkEP~keTEdlCYylYgelamKat'[eP¬cnUvGnusßavrIyn_ anaEdlkn¬ghYseTA . yayeTogyMbeNI†r®BmTSgbbYlmit†@xM®sUtdMeNIreTAkan'TI®kugVt'dMbg Edlmancm©ayEt23K˘m˘eTotEtb\"ueNˆaH . yayeTogminhflansMrakeT Kat'xM®sUtdMeNIr BIe®JHKat'®s´mfal©acenH Kat'nwgeXIjpÊHvILanigcMkarEp¬eQI®Kb'muxrbs'Kat' . yayeTogmanTwkEP~kCab'Canicç BIe®JHp¬ËvCatielx5 manGnusßavrIy_
GgkarCanrNa ? 225y\"age®cIn≤tKNna . kalBIedIm®KYsarrbs'Kat'EtgEtnSkUn@CiHLanedIrelgkMsan†tamp¬ËvenHral'@´f©GaTit¥ . ❑❑ ❑ CBM UkTI20‹ yayeTogmkdlT' ®I kgu Vtd' bM g‹ CbY taGag‹ ®bvt†i FULRO, kgTB& kEnßgs, Emk\" hk&√ ß‹ ®bvtå†i kja\" snW -Kyu‹ ynY begt˚I Exrµ fµI‹ ynY manGavFu ya\" ge®cnI ´f©TI24-4-79 em\"ag®bEhl7l©ac ®kum®sIemm\"ayeyIgTSg14nak'k*mkdl'PUmivt†rMdYl EdlsiƒtenAxagekItTI®kugVt'dMbg . yayeToge®tkGrNas' Kat'GnÊHsareq¬q¬a rkp¬ËvcUleTAkan'cMkarnigpÊHrbs'Kat' . yayeTogveg√g®cLMrkp¬ËvcUlmineXIj BIe®JHGgkarGna-mikEk´q~vt†rMdYl [xussƒanPaBBIbYnq~Smun . kalBIbYnq~Smun PUmie®kayvt†rMdYlmansg'pÊHvILalÌ@y\"agsmrm¥ KYr[KyKn' KYr[sb∫ayrIkray . Ep~kCab'nwgdIeFI√GMBI≤dΩ Can'TImYyeFI√GMBIeQI . B&TÏCMuvij´nvILaTSgenH KWedImeQIsIuEp¬dUcCa dUg, s√ay, x~¨r, lµ¨temon, sUkULa, Ep¬TwkedaHeKa, ®kUc®Kb'Fun nigs√aycnIÊCaedIm . ≤LËvedImeQIsIuEp¬TSgenHsi√tgab'JseBj ePI¬geqHex¬ac . e®JHtMNagrbs'Gg
GgkarCanrNa ? 226kar ebIeKcg'hUbEp¬dUg ®tUvEtkab'edImdUg ebIcg'hUbEp¬eQIepßg@ eK®tUvEtkab'Emk . enAmuxpÊHvILarbs'yayeTogmanp¬Ëvf~l'mYy xagt∫Ëgf~l'enHcm©ay®bEhl50Em\"®t manf~l'mYyeTot . p¬Ëvf~l'TSgenH PÇab'BIp¬Ëvf~l'mat'sÊwgsEg˚ q¬gkat'Tm¬¨HcMkarEp¬eQInigpÊHvILanana rhUtdl'p¬ËvCatielx5 . ≤LËvenH GgkarbJÇa[CIkbMp¬ajp¬Ëvf~l'TSgBIrcMkN†al edayykelsfaeFI√p¬ËvTwk . Gmsg≈agp¬ËvTSgBIrenHmanpÊHvILacMnYn300x~g GgkarbJÇa[ruHerInSecjGs'rlIgeXIjenAsl'EtkMeTc≤dΩnigCeNI†r . xagt∫Ëgvt†rMdYl Ek∫rvt†labmanpßarmYyeQµaHpßarvt†lab Ggkarb-JÇa[ruHerIdwknSecjGs'rlIg k¬ayeTACavalesµA®Tub®Tul dUec~HPUmivt†rMdYlk¬ayeTACaPUmimYyEdlman´®BB&TÏ KµanGI√CasMKal' . yayeTogbeNI†rmit†rbs'Kat'edIrcuHedIreLIg TTIsTTasy\"agyUr ´cdn¥VnCYbnag f . nagsal'p¬Ëv k*nS®sI@emm\"ayTSg14nak'enaHcUleTAkan'cMkaryayeTog . eTAdl'P¬am yayeTogs¬¨tcit† mat'E®skfa – BueTÏa@ ! rYcdYl®bUselIKMnr≤dÏexµacPUmi®KwH (vILa) rbs'yayeTog (ftenA´f©TI1-1-1993)
GgkarCanrNa ? 227EdlVk'EbkexÊcxIÊenaH . Kat'KSgmat'sƒÁtbMBg'k niyayminecj . BI-e®JHpÊHvILarbs'Kat'sl'EtkMeTc≤dΩ nigbnÊb'bgn'mYyTMhM3Em\"®tbYn®Cu g. pÊHvILaenHman2Can' TTwg10,50m˘ beN†ay16m˘ . Can'e®kameFI√GMBI ≤dΩCJÇSgfµduHfµlag . Can'elIeFI√BIeQIkekaHnigsu®km sƒabnaBIrq~SeTIbrYce®scenAcugq~S1970 . cMENkedImdUg®tUveKkab'rMlMexÊcxIÊ . edImeQIsIuEp¬epßg@eTot ®tUvkab'EmkGs'enAsl'EtedImsi√t®kjg' . mYysnʨHyayeToge®kakedIreTAGg¨yelICeNI†rVk'Ebk®teVmk∫a-lCgg' Kat'nwkeXIjKYrq©l'Esnq©l' BIe®JH®TB¥sm∫ti†´n®beTsExµr®tUvhinehaceBlcb'sÂgameTAvij eBlGgkarGnamikTTYlC&yCMnHeTAvijGgkarbMp¬ajexÊcbMp¬ajxIÊTSgGs' . yayeTogkMBugGs'sgÙwm x¬ÁnKat'®saldUcsMLI mindwgCa´f©EsÌkenH Kat'®tUvedIreTAkan'TINavij . ®sab'Etsem¬gBIrVnbnW¬eLIgfa – «bg! » nig « m\"ak' ! » . yayeTogEbrEP~ksm¬wgeTAtamsUrs&BÊenaH yayeTogk*elateTA{belaktam~ak'Gayu®bEhl50q~S EdlKat'ehAfa bg! KWelakta Gag Ca´dKUrbs'elak®KUyI-vij®TI F¬ab'eFI√karEp~k FULRO rYcKat'elateTA{bnarIm~ak'Gayu14q~SKW yI-®TIGgra\" kUn®sIeBArbs'Kat' . eBlenaHyayeTogbg˙ajkUn®sId*kMst'enHdl'mit†@ ®BmTSgyMbeNI†rGFib∫ayfa – - xM∆¨minsµanTal'EtesaHfa nwgmanvasnaVnCYbkUn®sIenHeT ! . e®JHenA´f©TI15-3-1978 Ggra\"nwkxM∆¨eBk k*rt'ecjBIGgkarcl&tmkrkxM∆¨enAPUmi´®Bs√ay . GgkarbJÇa[XatkrmYy®kumcMnYn7nak' GavuF®Kb'´dmktamcab'nagykeTAsm¬ab' bg˙ajCaKMrUdl'narIepßg@eTot . yayeTogbn†eTotfa – - eBlenaHxM∆¨Cab'BlikmµeTAErgknÊk'enAkgTYls~Ël . eBlxM∆¨TTYldMNwgGkuslenHP¬am xM∆¨rt'kat'´®BBIkgTYls~Ël eTAkan'kg´®Bs√ay mancm©ay®bmaN4K˘m˘ . eTAdl'®sbeBllµmVnCYb®kumXatkrkMBugb-eNI†rGgra\" ecjBIkg´®Bs√ay . xM∆¨k*elat{bemXatkrsuMGg√rfa – « sMukUnsm¬ab'Em\"CamYykUn®sIenHcuH ! . {kUn@eGIy ! Ggra\"enHCakUn®sIeBA nagEbkecjBIEm\"tSgBIGayu10q~S . {kUn@eGIy ! GI√@GaclHbg'VnTSgGs' cMENkkUnekµgGayub\"ueNˆHminGaclHbg'minnwkm†ayVneLI-y . mkBInwkm†ayx¬SgeBk®TSminVn eTIbnagb†ËrCIvitrt'mkrkEm\" eTaHCa®tU
GgkarCanrNa ? 228vs¬ab'k*eday . cMENkEm\" Em\"Cab'BlikmµenA‰kgTYls~Ël‰eNaH . tSgBIkUn®sIenHmkdl'kg´®Bs√ay Em\"eTIbCYbnageBlenH . dUec~HebIkUn@minGacGnue®KaHTukCIvit[nageT edaysarnag®b®Bit†xus Em\"sMuesI~[kUn@sm¬ab'Em\"CamYykUn®sIenHcuH . Em\"sMus¬ab'CamYykUnenHehIy ! Em\"sMus¬ab'CamYykUnenHehIy ! . ®kumXatkrenHCabkßExµr®khmnirtI ®Kb'@K~aeFI√muxs©Át bg˙aj≤riyabfGaNitxM∆¨Edr . luHeKbeNI†rxM∆¨nigGgra\"eTAdl'kgTYls~Ël xM∆¨®tUvEbkecjBI®kumXatkr xM∆¨®tUvEbkecjBIkUn®sIeTAkan'kEn¬gErgknÊk' . xM∆¨QanVnEt2-3CMhanb\"ueNˆaH xM∆¨dYlsn¬b's†ËkeTA . l©aceTIbdwgx¬ÁneLIgvij emkan'k†ab'Ep~kkin®sUv®Vb'xM∆¨fa ®kumXatkryl'®BmelIkElgeTas[Ggra\"ehIy . tSgBIeBlenaHmkVt'dMNwgrhUt » . yayeTog{bkUn®sIyMbn†eTAeTot . cMENkGgra\"k*{bm†ayyMhIu@®BmTSgGFib∫ayerOgd*kMst'rbs'nagdUcteTA – - ´f©l©acenaH ®kumXatkrbeNI†rxM∆¨ ehIysYredjedalfa etICag2q~SmkehIy mit†minEdlCYbEm\"eT… ? - xM∆¨eTIbCYbGMVj'mijenH . ®kumenHbeNI†rxM∆¨eTAdl'mUldΩan bwgkI eKk*eTACYbCMuBiPakßaK~ay\"agyUr®sab'EtehAbeNI†rxM∆¨cUleTAkan'´®Be®CA edIreTA@tSgyb'KµansMrakeLIy.CitP¬Wk*eTAdl'eCIgP~MmYy rYceK®bKl'xM∆¨[®kumeyaFadak'Tis[xM∆¨Esgexµac .xM∆¨enACab'CamYyeyaFarhUt . eq¬øteBleyaFaVj'sm¬ab'K~a eXIjEtexµacJs´®B xM∆¨k*pßge®Bgrt'cakecjBITIenaH . xM∆¨rt'kat'´®BCae®cInyb'e®cIn´f© eTIbmkdl'TI®kugVt'dMbgenA´f©TI23-3-1979 . Em\"nigkUn®sI2nak'VnmkCYbCMuK~aelIkMeTc≤dΩ TSgGs'K~amanEtTwkEP~k bg˙ajfa «kMst'Nas'@» . Ggra\"manEtexanigGavdac'dacmYybn¬HCab'tamx¬Án . taGageXIjbriyakasEsnGab'GYrdUec~H Kat'k*edIrmkGEgÌlx~gyayeTog EP~ksm¬wgkµÁy®sITSgBIrEdlkMBuge®tkGrmanvasnaVnCYbbgbÌËnvij. edIm∫IelIkTwkcit†yayeTog elaktaGagcab'epI†mniyaylYgelamfa– - bgmanP&B√vasnaxıs'Nas' EdlGacrYccakputBIe®KaHc´®gGs'enH
GgkarCanrNa ? 229minEtb\"ueNˆaHesat bgVnCYbkUn®sITSgBIrnak'eTot . elaktaGEgÌlx~gyayeTogm†geTot rYcniyaybn†fa – - kalBI´f©TI24-4-1975 em\"ag®bEhl10 manXatkrd*cEm¬kmYy®kumK~a10nak' manGavuF®Kb'´d cUlmkrksm¬ab'®KYsarrbs'bg . vasna lÌbgnS®KYsarcakecjputeTAehIy . ®kumXatkrd*cEm¬kenHbeNI†rK~avil®tLb'eTAvij edaykat'tamvt†rMdYl . BYkvaVnCYbnwgxM∆¨kMBug®sg'Twkxagt∫Ëg®BHvihar ( kaleNaHtaGagenACa®BHsgÙenAeLIy ) Cab'p¬ËvedIrecjBIvt† . mit†CaemsYrxM∆¨fa etIeXIj®KYsareBT¥®TI…eT ? enAeBlEdlemvakMBugsYrxM∆¨enaH K~avam~ak'EdledIrCamYyniyayeLIgfa ®tUvtamsm¬ab'®KY-sareBT¥®TIecalTSgGs' e®JHCabMerIln'-nl' CaemerIsT&BkEnßgs CaemerIsTahanln'-nl' . kUnc∫grbs'vaCaTahanJk's&ki†BIr . eBlCamYyK~aenH æsMnYrrbs'emeKpg ! ækarCECkK~adUec~Hpg ! xM∆¨k*´llkeqI¬ybEg√gdanfa GatµaeXIjeyaFamYy®kumcUlmknSykecjeTAtSgBI®Blwm . GatµaVneXIjBit@ Etfaelak®TICaeBT¥ EbbeKnSelakykeTAeBT¥eTdwg ! . eBlenaHKµannrNaeqI¬y …EvkEjkGI√eT eK®Kan'Etsm¬wgxM∆¨dUccg'elbTSgrs' . mit†emdEdlenaHniyayfa ®tUvEtkMeTcpÊHvI-LaenH » . elaktaniyaydl'®twmenH k*elIk´dcg̨lkMeTc≤dΩ . ❑❑ ❑ eBlenaHbriyakass©at'e®cobmYyelIkeTot mYysnʨHæG~k®sIbUrIsYrfa – - bgeTogGa± ! etIkgT&BkEnßgsCakgT&BsIÌ ? yayeTogelIk´dcg̨lelaktaGag ®BmTSgniyay®Vb'mit†@rbs'Kat'fa elaktabYsCa®BHsgÙtSgBIekµg elakCa®BHsgÙBiessd*Gsça-r¥ . elaktamanstism∫CJÔ:es~hanigGaNitExµrkmı¨Cae®kam . elaktahflaneFI√Blikmµ®Kb'Ebby\"agCYyåbtƒm∏dl'kgT&BkEnßgs . dUec~HxM∆¨TukParkicçenHCUnelaktaCYyBn¥l'bÌËn®sI@nigkUnTSgGs' [sal'krNiy-kicç nig®bvti†kgT&BkEnßgs . cMENkxM∆¨ xM∆¨sMusMrakbni†c . elaktaGagcab'epI†mGFib∫ayra\"yra\"b'fa –
GgkarCanrNa ? 230 - e®kayBIsni~siT≤NÎËcinenAP~MeBjq~S1965rYcmk ®bCaCnPaKticEdl®tUveKCiHCan' k*e®kakeLIgb®gYbb®gYmK~abegI˚tCarNsirßmYyEdlmaneQµaHfa – h√¨fllr\"U ( FULRO: Front Uni de Libération des Races Oprimées ). Exµrkmı¨Cae®kameyIgk*sµ®Kcit†cUlCasmaCikhfl√¨lr\"UenHEdr . ®bCaCnExµrkmı¨Cae®kamEdlrt'eKcBIGMeBI´®B´pß´nyYnsm¬ab'kMcay mk®CksMNak'enAk~¨gext†Vt'dMbg EdlmanxM∆¨CaG~kdwknS k*eVHeq~ate®CIserIsEtgtSgbgeTogCaGnu®bFan ( EdlmanelakraC-xUn Ca®bFanenAeBlenaH ) . TIs~ak'karsiƒtenAk~¨gvILabgeTogenH . bg®TI bgeTog eFI√Blikmµ®Kb'Ebby\"ag eq¬øt´f©GaTit¥bMeBjkrNiykicç ecjeTAkan'PUminanaEdlmanExµrkmı¨Cae®kamrt'mk®CksMNak'enA Kat'xMBn¥l'ENnS[sal'[yl'nUveKalbMNg´nrNsirß KWdMNak'karCadMbUg ®tUvkarJr®bCaCnPaKticEdl®tUveKCiHCan' . dUec~HExµrkmı¨Cae®kam EdlkMBug®tUvyYnCiHCan'bMVt'BUCsasn_ eyIg®tUvEtsµ&®Kcit†cUlCasmaCikedIm∫IkarJrBUCsasnE_ xµrkmı¨Cae®kam[Kg'vg' eyIg®tUvEtxMpßay[BiPB-elakdwgsal'tamrNsirßhfl√¨lr\"UenHfa Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamKWCamças'TwkdIkmı¨-CaBit@ minEmnyYneT . BIq~S1949 VrSgyl'®cLM®bKl'[eTAyYn . yYnvatTIykdac'e®scenAq~S1954 e®kayBIVrSgcakecjBI≤NÎËcin vabMVt'BUCExµrkmı¨Cae®kam KWvabwTsalaeronCaPasaExµr vaecj®bkasbg≈MraÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamcMnYn4lannak' EdlCamças'TwkdIkmı¨Cae®kamBit@ [kan'katCaCatiyYnTSgGs' . karBitExµrkmı¨Cae®kamTSgenHmanmYyPaKe®cInkan'katyYn b\"uEn†minecHPasayYnTal'EtesaH . dUec~HedIm∫IKS®Thfl√¨lr\"U eyIgk*VnbegI˚tkgT&BenHeLIg . mUlehtuenHeTIbGgkarbJÇa[kMeTcpÊHvILaenH .yuvCnsµ&®Kcit†cUlbMerIkgT&BkEnßgs PaKe®cInKWExµrkmı¨Cae®kam . meF¥aVye®CIserIs nigbJÇËneTAkan'mUldΩanrMedaHenAext†Vt'dMbgenH KWenAelIsmaKmExµrkmı¨Cae®kam nigrNsirßhfl√¨lr\"U®bcSext†Vt'dMbg EdlmanxM∆¨bg®TI nigbgeTogCaG~kTTYlxus®tUv . k~¨gq~S1970 ®beTskmı¨Ca®tUvrge®KaH sÂgampʨHeLIg kgT&BkEnßgsdwgc∫as'fa bN†almkBIsem†cn˘sIhnu®tUvcaj'eVkyYnhaNUy Caevotkug kgT&BkEnßgsk*sµ&®Kcit†rMlayCYrk~¨gExåsPaq~S1970 rYccUlmkrYbrYmbMerIkgT&BCatisaFarNrdΩ Edlmanelakln'-nl'CaemdwknS .
GgkarCanrNa ? 231k~¨gq~S1972 GtItkgT&BkEnßgs manPaKe®cInrt'ecjBIkgT&BrdΩaPiVlrYcmkCYbxM∆¨ bg®TI bgeTog Ef¬gesckI†esµaH®tg'esaks†aynigsarPaBfak~¨gkgT&BrdΩaPiVlrjI¨r´j\"®bkan'bkßBYk . mYykgvr:esnatUc eXIjEtnSK~aJk's&ki† x¬HCaGtItemXMu CasaÂs†acar¥ manx¬HCatMNagraÂs† .l.Gs'elakTSgenaH ®sLaj's&ki†Nas' Jk's&ki†eBj@elIsµa . b\"uEn†minsUvmanelakNak¬ahanhflanbUCaCIvitnST&BecjeTAbÂg˚abxµSgedIm∫IkarJrTwkdIeLIy . BYkeKe®cInrynak'Edlrt'ecalCYrkgT&B bN†almkBIGMeBIGyuti†Fm·nana . b\"uEn†®kumeKenAEtKS®T TTYlsal' eKarB®sLaj'elakesna®bmuxln'-nl'dEdl . ®kumeKmanbMNgd*emaHmutsµ&®Kcit†bUCaCIvitkarJr®beTskmı¨Ca Edlmanelakesna®bmuxCaG~kdwknS . ❑❑ ❑ enAeBlenaH®kumGtItkgT&BkEnßgs EdlmanelakKwm-gYn®tac nigfac'-Ca CaGtItemT&BkEnßgs Vn®suH®sYlKMnitK~aeFI√Jk¥mYymancuHhtƒelxaKS®T epI∆eTAsMuGnuJÔatBIelakln'-nl' cat'EtgtSgbg®TICavr:esniy®tI edIm∫ITTYlxus®tUvelIkgvr:esnatUc Edl®kumGtItkgT&BkEnßgssµ&®Kcit†bMerI . kn¬gputEtCagkn¬HEx bg®TITTYlTUrelxmYyBI®ksYge®CIserIskgT&B GeJIÇjbg®TI bgeTogeTAsYreyabl' . eBlenaHelakKwm-gYn®tacCUneTACamYyEdr . bg®TI bgeTogeqI¬yedaysmrm¥fa Kat'minhflanTTYlbuN¥s&ki†d*FMsMebImenHeT BIe®JHKat'x√HsmtƒPaB . b\"uEn†erOgCYyCati minEmnrt'cUlmkJk's&ki† eTIbehAfaCYyCatienaHeT ! . bg®TI bgeTogsµ&®Kcit†CYyCatitamsmtƒPaB nigbecçkeTsEdlKat'manBit®Vkd ®besIrNas'eTAehIy eTaHKat'minJk's&ki†dUceKk*eday k*Kat'sn¥afa Kat'enAEtbn†karåbtƒm∏TMnukbMrugGtItkgT&BkEnßgsCanicç tamsmtƒPaBEdlKat'GaceTAeFI√eTAVn . e®JHJk¥ «kgT&BkEnßsnigJ-kßExµrkmı¨Cae®kam»Vncarkb'enAk~¨gebHdUgrbs'Kat' Kat'minGaclHbg'…bMeP¬cVneLIy . kn¬gput®bEhlmYyEx bg®TI bgeTogTTYlVnesckI†
GgkarCanrNa ? 232bJÇaebskkmµsm©at'mYy cuHhtƒelxapÊal'´drbs'elakln'-nl' cat'EtgtSgbg®TI Ca®bFane®CIserIskgT&Bk~¨gcMeNamGtItkgT&BkEnßgs KWEtGtItkgT&BkEnßgs . manesckI†bJÇamYyeTot cat'tSgGnuesniy‰kBIrnak'KW elakfac'-Cug nigfac'-eGog nig®BinÊVleTam~ak'eTotKW fac'-rg'mkCYyefI√karGmbg®TI . TIcat'karnigsMNak'enA enAk~¨gpÊHvILabgeTogenH . cMENkkUnTahan sMNak'enAk~¨gvt†rMdYlnigvt†lab . TahanTSgLayenH®tUvbJÇËnbJçËlk~¨gkgEm\"kh√&kß ( Mike's Force ) EdleTIbbegI˚tkgvr:esnatUcfIµ@bEnƒm . k~¨gExemsaq~S1975 TahanEdlbg®TIe®CIserIsfIµsMNak'enAvt†labcMnYn300nak' sMNak'enAvt†rMdYlCag300nak' . mUlehtuenHeTIbGgkar[Xatkrtamsm¬ab'bMputBUCbg®TI . eBlenHG~k®sIPin sMusYrelaktaGagfa – - kgT&BEm\"kh√&kßl∫Il∫ajBUEks√its√ajEp~kvayswk ehtuem†ck*b-eN†ay[®beTsExµrvinashinehacdl'f~ak'enH ? . elaktaGagGFib∫aybn† – kgT&BEm\"kh√&kß KWGtItkgT&BExµresrI KWsuTÏEtExµrkmı¨Cae®kam KWCakUnecArbs'elaksWn-g\"ukfaj' . elaksWn-g\"ukfaj'Bn¥l'[sal'krNiykicç KWkMeTcs®tUvedIm∫IkarJrCatinigTwkdIelakBn¥l'[sal'c∫as' yYnhaNUyCas®tUvsYrBUCrbs'CatiExµr .elakGb'rMbN†¨Hstism∫CJÔ:es~haCatiy\"agmut . elaklt'dMdl'kMBUlj¨Sg[kgT&BEm\"kh√&kßmancritrwgbwug s√ahab'k¬ahan CaBiessbMputmancit†tsflUs√its√aj ecHGt'Fµt'nUvkarlMVk®Kb'y\"ag . ®Kb'@rUblHbg'ecal®KYsareTAenA´®B minEdlsal'sIuq©aj'-edk®sYleT . k~¨gq~S1970 ®beTsExµrF¬ak'cUlk~¨gP~k'ePI¬gsÂgam ®sab'EtelaksWng\"ukfaj'TTYldMNwgfa enA´f©TI27emsa1970 bUdUyecjmuxvaykMeTcExµrln'-nl'vij . dUec~HelakeFI√BlikmµsMerclb'kgT&BExµresrI elak[eQµaHCakgT&BEm\"kh√&kß rYcelakbJÇËnmkkan'®beTskmı¨CaCaelIkTI1enA´f©TI30emsa1970 . k~¨gExmifuna1970 elakVnTTYldMNwgeTotfa bUdUyCae®cInmWunk∫alecjmuxvaykMeTcext†kMBg'FM c∫Sgx¬ÁnTl'nwgx¬ÁnCamYykgT&BCatiExµr . mUlehtuenHelaksMercbJÇËnkgT&BEm\"kh√&kßcUlmkCYyExµrenA´f©TI30mifuna1970 . CaelIkTI3enA´f©TI19kJÔa1970 . TIbMputelakbJÇËnTSgGs' ®bKl'CUnelakln'-nl' . elaksWn-g\"ukfaj'mandMbUnµanbni†cbn†Ácp†STukfa kUn
GgkarCanrNa ? 233ecArbs'xM∆¨enHsal'krNiykicç nigParkicçy\"agc∫as'Nas' . b\"uEn†®kumenHåbmadUcst√x¬aminEdlsal'sac'eT . sMukMubgab'[vaecHsIusac'[esaH.mundMbUgCakgT&BsÌatsÌM mYykgvr:esnatUc manTahan®Kb'cMnYny\"ag®twm®tUv y\"agerobry CaBiesssal'krNiykicçk~¨gsmrPUminimYy@ kMeTcxµSg[braC&y [Vk'mux . T&BenHk*cab'l∫IeQµaHeBj®beTsExµr j¨Sg[emT&Bepßg@x¬HeTotEdlx¬ÁnJk'Ets&ki† Gg¨yEtk~¨gkariyal&y ekItmanesckI†®cENn . maneBlx¬H kgT&BkMBugCab'´d®byuTÏCamYyxµSgCitGs'®Kab'rMesv cat'tMNagcUlkan'rdΩFanIP~MeBjsMuCMnYy elakEdlTTYlxus®tUve®KOgsm∏ar:EbrCaTar «´f¬TwkEt» eTAvij . manemT&Bcit†Ga®kk'x¬H EbrCa[Jk¥sm©at' ( Mot de passe ou Pass-word ) eTAxµSg bN†al[kgT&BEm\"kh√&kß®tUvrge®KaHs¬ab'y\"age®cIn . maneBlx¬Hkar®cENnenHekItCavivaTvaytb'K~aJseBjrdΩFanIP~MeBj . bnÊab'mk manecjbJÇabg≈M[begI˚tkgvr:esnatUcbEnƒm . b\"uEn†elxkgvr:esnatUcnimYy@t´m¬50mWuneroly\"agtic . etIluyd*FMeFgenH embJÇakarkgvr:esnatUcTSgLayenaHeTArk‰Na ? . mUlehtuenH kgT&BEm\"kh√&kß®tUvbg≈Meron®b®Bwt†GMeBIBukrlYytameromc∫g . enHehIybgab'[ x¬aecHsIusac' dUcJk¥bN†SelaksWn-g\"ukfaj'Emn . luHkgT&BEm\"kh√&kßecHBukrlYy ®sab'EtecHCag®KUeTAeTot KWq¬atCageromc∫gq©ayNas' KWBukrlYyCaGn†rCati . ®kumenHcab'epI†mrksIum†g .erOgvayswk®tUvpÌaksin . ®kumenHcab'epI†mbJÇËnecar®sbc∫ab'eTAkan'®sukyYn rYclYcLanhßIb JEEP A1 BI´®BnKr ebIkbrcUlmkkan'®beTsExµreFI√®BegIy j¨Sg[epIÌleqaeLadl'GaemrikSg . cMENkenA®BMEdnExµr-´f®sab'Etmank∫ÁnLan GMC 5…6e®KOgte®mobCYrecjBIrdΩFanIP~MeBj manlixitbJÇa Ordre de Mission ®twm®tUveTAdwkGtItkgT&BkEnßgs . b\"uEn†k∫ÁnLanTSgenaH brrhUteTAdl'®sukGUre®CAvij sIuQ~ÁkdwknSTMnijrt'BnÏ. luHk∫ÁnLanvil®tLb'mkBIGUre®CAvij k*brcUlmkQb'enAvt†labx¬H cUlmkQb'enAvt†rMdYlx¬H . Gs'elakemT&Brt'sʨHsÊamkCYbbgeTogbg˙ajlixitbJÇasMudwkTahan . eKerIsmYycMnYntUc te®mobCYreLIgLan cMENkTahanEdlenAsl'e®cInrynak'enH eKsMuftykEtrUbeTAbg˙ajf~ak'elI KitluyEckK~asin .TahflanEdldwknSykeTAenaH luHdl'P~MeBjk*ehAcuHBILan ecalrayma
GgkarCanrNa ? 234yKµanerobcMbN†¨HbN†albg˙at'h√wkh√WnGI√eT . e®JHem@rvl'EteTAKit´f¬Q~Álrt'BnÏ edIm∫IykluyeTAsg´f¬Tijelxkgvr:esnatUc . dUec~HTahanTSgenH ®tUvvil®tLb'mkkan'ext†Vt'dMbgvij rYcvileTACYbelakfac'-Cug, fac'-eGogsMucuHeQµaHeFI√Tahanm†geTot EtlYcEkeQµaHepßg . kgT&BEm\"kh√&kßeTACaraymay manem@x¬Hman®bBnÏBIr ®bBnÏnimYy@®tUvmanvILa ®tUvmanLan manG~kebIkbr . maneBlmYyenaH kgvr:esnatUcmYy « elxcug49 » x√HkUnTahane®cIneBk ®sab'EteXIjem@ dUcCavr:esniyeTa vr:esniy®tI manExµrkmı¨CakN†allayCamYy ebIkbrLanhßIbmkctQb'e®Jg®JtenAmuxpÊHviLabgeTogenH . sʨHsÊarmkrkbg®TI bgeTog sMukEn¬g®bCMunieyaCikeragm\"asIunkin®sUvenAEx®tVt'dMbg . eKsMuftykEtrUbeT . nieyaCikm~ak'@®tUv[Q~Ál500erol . ´f©enaH ftcuHfteLIgk*ftTSgkUn®busTI3nigTI4rbs'bgeTogykeTApg . luHKNkmµkarBinit¥emIlrUbft eKcab'GarmµNn_ UvrUbftkUn®busrbs'bgeTog2nak'enAekµgNas' eKehAK~aBinit¥cuHBinit¥eLIg eBlenaHelakfac'-CaenAkEn¬genaHEdr elak®keLkeXIjsal'c∫as'CakUn®busrbs'bgeTog elaklUk´ddkykrUbftTSg8sn¬wkepI∆mkbgeTogvij . dUec~Hkgvr:esnatUcnimYy@k~¨gbJIÇmanrUbft maneQµaH®Kb'cMnYn®twm®tUv b\"uEn†KµanTahantambJÇIenaHeLIy . dUcmanCaåTahrNm_ Yy enA´f©TI29kum∏:1974 enAPUmi®bsU®t cm©ay10K˘m˘ BITI®kugs√ayerog yYnhaNUyebIkkarvay®bhary\"agFMmYy . vabJÇËnbUdUyy\"age®cIn[cUlmkB&tÏvaykMeTckgT&BCatienAelIedIm®TUgmanJk'rUbsem†c®Kb'@K~a . eBlenaHmanelakembJÇakarkgvr:esnatUck~¨gkgvr:esnaFMEm\"kh√&kß nam®tkUlfac' TTYlbJÇa®tUvnSTahanecjeTAtTl'cMeJHxµSg . kgvr:esnatUcGP&B√enH manTahanEt60nak' . luHeTAdl'smrPUmieXIjxµSgsuTÏEtbUdUyy\"age®cInelIslb'k*sMerccit†P¬am bJÇa[kUnTahanrt'eKccakecjecalsmrPUmieTAcuH . cMENkembJÇakarfac'k*Vj'sm¬ab'x¬ÁnenAnwgkEn¬gedIm∫IsgGMeBIBukrlYyenH . eBlenaH®sI@emm\"ayTSgGs'k*lan'mat'fa – { ! ebIdUec~HsÂgamenAk~¨g®sukExµr yYnhaNUyeq¬øteBle®bIyIehasem†c“ rYcbJÇa[bUdUyva-
GgkarCanrNa ? 235ykMeTcExµrln'-nl' Camças'TwkdIkmı¨CaBit@eTetI ! . elaktaGaggk'k∫al®BmTSgbJÇak'fa yYnhaNUybJÇa[bUdUyvaykMeTcExµrcab'tSgBIq~S1970 nigbn†@mk . nagGgra\"sMusYrelaktaGagfa ehtuem\"†cmanExµrx¬HelIktMekIgyYnha-NUy TukCaG~kmanåbkarKuNGJçwg ? . elaktadkdegI˙mFMe®JHæfa ExµrGrKuNemXatkr emecar˘˘˘ elaktatwg®TUgNas' . cMENkelaktak*yl'c∫as'Nas' fa®beTsExµrvinashinehac ®tUvrlayeTACaepHenH KWbN†almkBIyYnhaNUyTSgGs' .elaktak*GFib∫ayEvkEjkfa yYnhaNUymankarBiesaFn_ vac∫SgCamYyExµrBIrelIkrYcmkehIyBIq~S1945 enAkmı¨Cae®kam enAq~S1954 enAkmı¨Cak-N†al . vae®bIkm¬SgVy vae®bIkm¬SgGavuFCakSePI¬g va®tUvs¬ab'´tehag ®tUvcaj'ExµreVrmux vak*dkT&Bfy vayl'faebIeFI√sÂgamCamYyExµr cg'deNI†meCaKC&yBIExµr ®tUvEte®bIkll∫ic ®tUvEte®bIGavuFcit†saÂs† CaBiess®tUvGnuvt†[Vn®twm®tUvnUvJk¥mYyX¬a – - bMEbkbMVk'edIm∫I®Kb'®Kg ! vak*cab'epI†mGb'rMcarkicçrbs'va rYcbJÇËnbJçËl®Kb'sr´s®Kb'®sTab'´n®bCaBlrdΩExµr tSgBIraÂs†´®BP~MrhUtnamWunk~¨gvSg rhUtdl'emdwknSExµr[sm©MeronsU®t [sal'critnigcMNucexßaynana . vaecHsMrbx¬Án[®tUvcit†namWunExµr [®tUvcit†emdwknSExµr . emIlPaBxage®kAeXIjfa yYnTn'P¬n'eKarBExµrNas' . mUlehtuenHVnCaemdwknSExµr TSgski†PUmiTSgExµr®khm®tUvcaj'eVkyYnhaNUyF©n'EsnF©n' . BIe®JHeCOEttam®tecok eCOEttamEP~k minecHe®bIxYrk∫ale®bobeFobrkehtupl . minecHxMeronsU®t[saleKaledA nigCMerAåVy-klrbs'yYnhaNUy edIm∫InSykmkBn¥l'bMP¬Wdl'raÂs†Exµr EbrCabeN†ay[raÂs†yl'®cLMkan'Ete®CAeTA@ . elIktMekIgs®tUvsYrBUCEdlCaemXatkr EdlCaecarhary TukCaG~kmanKuNeTAvij . etImanGI√KYr[xµas'eGonCagenHeTAeTot ? ebIeyIgbeN†ay[raÂs†Exµrbn†karyl'®cLMenH etIraÂs†Exµrmankm¬Sgkaykm¬Sgcit†‰NakMeTcyYnhaNUynigExµrGay\"g edIm∫IrMedaHTwkdIkmı¨Ca ? . yYnhaNUyvaecHbiun®bsb'lak'But e®bIåVyklbg˙aj[raÂs†Exµr…BiPBelakeXIjfa vasm¬ab'Exµr…eFI√sÂgamCamYyExµreT va´llkbMEbkbMVk'ExµrCa®kum@ rYce®bI´dExµr
GgkarCanrNa ? 236Gay\"gBI®kummYyrYcp¬as'eTA®kummYyeTot bN†ak'K~asm¬ab'bMputBUCExµrCadMNak'@Vny\"agsÊat'CMnYsva . yYnhaNUyeFI√®BegIysMraksm©Mrg'cS{-kaslÌeTIbvaQanmYyCMhan@ y\"agGaf·kMVMghk'e®kakeLIg kJœk'ykeCaKC&yEtm†g . dUcCa´f©TI17emsa1975CaedIm KWyYnhaNUyCaevotkugeTetI CaG~kTTYlC&yCMnHd*mhaGsçar¥mhaelatep¬aHenaH . b\"uEn†vae®bIeQµaHGgkarGnamikCaembJÇakary\"aggitGnÏkaCasƒaBr . GgkarKitEtBIsm¬ab'bMputBUCExµr ehIyenAeBlCamYyK~aenHEdr Gg-karEbrCabJçËlevotkugmkkan'®beTsExµrTSg®kum@ . ®kumx¬HedIr®bmUlGNikCnyYn dwknSykeTATukenA®sukyYn Tuk´q~®bDitbn¬MeFI√CaExµreTAGnaKt ®kumepßgeTotedIr®bmUl®TB¥sm∫ti† k~¨gmYynKrExµr b¬n'dwknSecjedayesrI . TIbMputGgkarbMp¬aj®beTsExµr[rlayeTACaepH . vabegI˚tXatkrCae®cIn®kum dac'@edayELkBIK~a . vamanbegI˚t®kumXatkrGaf·kM-VMg rYceTIbvabeJçjCalMdab'lMeday kMNt'´f©Exq~Sy\"ag®twm®tUv . ‹ dUcCaXatkr®kumTI1 – ®tUvsm¬ab'Exµrln'-nl', ExµrsIhnu CaBies-ssm¬ab'GtItG~krdΩkar®Kb'Ep~k ®Kb'Can'f~ak' G~kecHdwg nisßit bJÔv&n† nig®BHsgÙCaedIm . ‹ Xatkr®kumTI2 – manParkicç®tUvsm¬ab'Xatkr®kumTI1vij KWsm¬ab'bkßExµr®khmnin~akarExµr manExµr®khm®kumexov-sMpn nig®kumExµr®khmekItmkBIecar´®B . dUec~Hk~¨gry:eBl44Ex Ggkarcat'karsm¬ab'bMputBUCExµr CadMNak'@manlMnSy\"agsÌat . luHdl'q~S1978 ®beTsExµrcMhF¬¨g . {kaslÌmkdl'y\"agenH yYnhaNUyCaevotNamQanCMhanTI2 vak*bJÇa[bUdUyecjBI´®B cUlmkratt∫atlukluyJseBjTI®kug´n®beTskmı¨Ca edayykelsfa cUlmkkMeTcExµr®khm edIm∫IrMedaHExµr j¨Sg[raÂs†ExµrEdlminVnsikßaneyaVy minVntamdankll∫icxµSg minecH®tiHriHBicarNa k*eCOyYn yl'®cLMy\"agF©n'EsnF©n'k*sni~dΩanfa yYnsµ&®Kcit†mks¬ab' nigmkCYyExµrCaelIkTI3 . ExµrTSgenHk*dMkl'dMekIgyYnhaNUyCaevotkug EdlCaemXatkrEdlCaecar TukCaG~kmanåbkarKuNeTAvij . - { ! bgbÌËnExµreGIy ! ehtuGI√k*s¬Ëts¬ab'em\"¬H ? - { ! emdwknSExµreGIy ! ®tUvecHP∆ak'rlwkeLIg ! - ebIbeN†ay[raÂs†Exµryl'®cLMy\"agenH etIeFI√em\"†craÂs†ExµrecH®bug
GgkarCanrNa ? 237®by&t~ ? - etIeFI√em†craÂs†Exµrmankm¬Sgkay km¬Sgcit† elIk´dkMeTcxµSg kMeTcecar edIm∫IrMedaHmatuPUmikmı¨Ca ? elaktaGagniyaydl'®twmh~wg ra\"dak*sMusYreyabl'elaktaGagfaehtuem†cVnCaGgkaredj®bCaCn k~¨gmYynKrCae®cInlannak' [ecjecalTIlMenAq©ayBIp¬ËvCati BIdgsÊwg mancm©ayy\"agtic2K˘m˘ ? . æsMnYrd*manxw¬msarenH elaktaGagmankarQWcab'y\"ag´®kElg .elaktaeFI√muxs©Át eTIbEvkEjkBn¥l'dUcteTA – erOgenHGsçar¥Nas', kaleNaHGaNikCnyYnvaEbrCabJÇËnmnusßGaf·kMVMgeTA®Vb'fa cUrenA[es©øm tamTIkEn¬gerog@x¬Ánsin . vaCen¬øsEt®bCaBlrdΩExµreT . dUec~HerOgminsmTMngEbbenH KWGgkarGnamikmane®BogKMeragkarNC_ ae®sc . TI1- sm¬ab'®bCaBlrdΩExµredayminVc'e®bIGavuF . TI2- bJçËlevotkugmkkan'®beTsExµr®bmUlGaNikCnyYnrMedaH nSykeTAlak'Tuk‰®beTsyYn . TI3- b¬n'®TB¥sm∫ti†rbs'Exµr dwknSykeTAkan'®sukyYn . emIlcuH ! ®bCaBlrdΩExµrk~¨gmYynKrEdlminTan'dl'evns¬ab' ®tUvEtecjecalTIlMenA ®tUvecal®TB¥sm∫ti†y\"age®cIn≤tKNna . kMBugdwk´dkUnecA Esgmnusßcas'Cra EsgG~kCm©WF©n' Esg®bBnÏeTIbekItkUnrYc edIredayeCIgnS®KYsareTAedkJs´®B BwgdICaE®K BwgemXCadMbUl kMBugbn†knʨyK~as¬ab' bN†almkBIQWKµanf~S bN†almkBIdac'eJH bN†almkBIGs'sgÙwmk*sm¬ab'x¬Án . eq¬øteBlclaclenH GgkarEbrCabJÇËnevotkugEdlecHPasaExµr Ca®kum@cUlmkkan'®sukExµr . ®kumx¬HedIr®bmUlGaNikCnyYn EdlmanTIlMenAenA®sukExµr [te®mobCYreLIgLannigcuHTUk manTMnukbMrugVyTwky\"ag®Kb'®Kan' rYcdwknSykeTAlak'Tuk‰®sukyYn mancMnYnCag2Esnnak'TuksMrab'vaEk´q~bn¬MeFI√CaExµreTAGnaKt . cMENk‰®kumepßgeTotedIr®bmUlLanFM@ TUkFM@ seN†agCamYykaNUt rYc®bmUl®TB¥sm∫ti†nKrExµrTSgGs' erobeLIgLan erobcuHTUk dwknSecjCahUrEhreTAkan'®beTsyYn . k∫ÁnLanTSgLayenaHdwkEteBlyb' cMENkk∫ÁnTUkFM@ seN†agCa
GgkarCanrNa ? 238mYykaNUtebIkbr TSg´f©TSgyb' . k~¨gry:eBl3q~S ®TB¥sm∫ti†®beTsExµr®tUvyYnhaNUyCaevotkug®bmUldwkb¬n'dwknSecjGs'rlIg . cUlq~S1978 GgkarbJÇa[ruHerIvILaeFI√BIe®KOgeQI . elaktaniyaydl'®twmenH k*elIk´dcg̨lkMeTc≤dΩpÊHvILarbs'yayeTog ®BmTSgeFI√GtƒaFib∫aybg˙ajCaåTahrN_ fadUcCapÊHvILarbs'bgeTogCaedIm nigpÊHvILae®KOgeQIsg'siƒtenAPUmie®kayvt†rMdYlCae®cInrye®KOg ®tUvruHerI rYc®bmUlbJç¨HTUkEdlQb'ctCahUrEhrenAdgsÊwgsEg˚rmuxvt†rMdYl cab'tSgBIExkum∏:q~S1978nigbn†@mk . ®kumruHerIpÊHTSgenaH nigG~kTTYlxus®tUvk∫ÁnTUk KWyYnTSgGs' . cugq~S1977 nigk~¨gq~S1978 GgkarbJÇa[®bCaCnExµr edIr®bmUltueCIgm\"a nigTUrk~¨gsalaeronnana bJç¨Hk~¨gTUkFM@seN†agCamYykaNUtEdlQb'ctCahUrEhrmuxmnIÊreBT¥FMVt'dMbg dwknSecjCacugbegI˙y G~kTTYlxus®tUvk∫ÁnTSgenaH k*suTÏEtyYnTSgGs'Edr . elaktaGagbJÇak'fa manerOgmYyKYr[cEm¬kNas' KWk~¨gExemsaq~S1978 bgkarbJÇa[®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMgsm¬ab'GaNikCnyYn EdlBYnlak'x¬ÁnenAk~¨g®sukExµrvij . ædUec~HyayKk'sMusYrkat'elaktaGagfa – - ehtuem†ck*sm¬ab'yYn ebIeyIgsni~dΩanfa GgkarGnamikCayYnenaH ? - enHCakll∫icqıinEP~kbiun®bsb'y\"agGsçar¥ . GgkareKarBtamJ-k¥mYyX¬a KWTukmincMeNjdkecjminxat BIe®JHyYnFunenHCayYnecalemßøt min®BmeTAtamevotkug . dUec~HGgkar®tUvEtsm¬ab'ecal edIm∫IbEg√gniglb'dan bMP&n†mtiraÂs†Exµr Ggkarsm¬ab'TSgExµr sm¬ab'TSgyYn . m\"¥ageTotykelsedIm∫IyYnhaNUybJÇËnbUdUycUlmklukluy®beTskmı¨Ca . eBlsm¬ab'GaNikCnyYnenH Ggkar´lbn¬Msm¬ab'TSgExµrkmı¨Cae®kamTSgcas'TSgekµgTSg®sI ecaTfaCabN†ajrbs'yYn . karBitGgkarykcit†Tukdak'tamdanExµrkmı¨Cae®kamCanicç BIe®JHGg-karsal'CMerAcit†´nraÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kam EdlnS®KYsarrt'ecalTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kamTuk[yYn ehIymk®CksMNak'enAkmı¨CakN†al . ®Kb'@rUbnSmknUvesckI†QWcab'KMnMusgswkcMeJHyYn EdlCasasn´_ ®B´pß CaemXatkrCaecarb¬n'TwkdI Caecarsm¬ab'Catisasn_ dUcCatSgBI´f©TI21åsPa1949yYnelbTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kamCaelIkTI2 . yYnhflanbMJnc∫ab'Gn†rCati yYn®bkasfa Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamcMnYn4lannak'EdlCamças'TwkdI CaCatiyYnTSg
GgkarCanrNa ? 239Gs' eTaHK~aminecHPasayYnmYym\"at'k*eday . GMeBIGyuti†Fm·enHj¨Sg[ra-Âs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamEdlmanmeF¥aVyrt' k*nS®KYsarrt'eKccakecjBIk-N†ab'´decarb¬n'TwkdI ecarb¬n'Catisasn_ yk®Ckrs'enAkmı¨CakN†al edIm∫Irkßa[Kg'vg'BUCGMbUrCaCatiExµrdEdl . Ggkaryl'CMerAcit†raÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kam EdlePosx¬Ánmk®CkenAkmı¨-CakN†al ebIeBlNaeXIjyYnhaNUyCaevotkug cUlmklukluy®beTskmı¨Ca muxCaExµre®kamTSgenaHe®kAeLIgcg̨lmuxyYnhaNUyCaevotkug E®skecaTP¬am enHCaGgkarGnamik enHCaemXatkr . muxCaExµrkmı¨Cae®kamyl'fa vibti†k~¨g®beTsExµr bN†al[raÂs†Exµr®tUvs¬ab'Cae®cInlannak'minTMngenH KWyYnhaNUybn¬MEk´q~edIm∫Ielb®beTskmı¨Ca bJçËlk~¨gsgB&nÏ≤NÎËcineTetI ! . BIe®JHraÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamsal'c∫as'es~øtrb-s'yYnhaNUy vabiun®bsb'e®bIl∫ickl manCabÂJças'manCabeN†ayKW´dmYyGEgÌl ´dmYyeTotsMBg swgKµansasnN_ aenAelIBiPBelakeFI√VndUcvaeLIy . e®JHExµrkmı¨Cae®kam®tUvTTYlrge®KaHCae®cInelIke®cInsardUcCaCMnan' « kMBb'EtGug », CMnan' « elakåkj\"asWn-Kuy », CMnan' «yYnevotmij®bmUlExµrkmı¨Cae®kamdutk~¨gC®guk®sUv » dUec~HExµrkmı¨Cae®kammineCOdac'xatfa « bUdUycit†lÌsµ&®Kcit†mkgab'CYyExµreLIy » . Ggkaryl'fa Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamTSgLayenaH muxCamin{b´denAes©ømminE®skGrKuNyYndUcbgbÌËnExµrx¬HenAkmı¨CakN†aleLIy . mUlehtuenH edIm∫IecosvagkMu[manåbs&KrarSgdl'yYnhaNUyCaevotkug GgkareFI√Ca®cLMsm¬ab'raÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamvIvk' ecaTfaCayYn ecaTfaCabN†ajrbs'yYn . ehtukarNE_ dlelaktaGagxM®sav®Cav rYceFI√GtƒaFib∫ayEvkEjkCahUrEhrmkenH GacbJÇak'bg˙aj[ExµreyIgyl'fa GgkarGnamiknigyYnhaNUymanEpnkar®JgTukCae®sc@ KWk~¨grbbrbs'Ggkar etIyYn®tUveFI√GI√bn†eTAeTot ? . minEmnåb∫ti†ehtu´n®beTsExµrekItmaneLIgeday´cdn¥eLIy . elaktaGagbJÇak'eTotfa yYnhaNUycUlmklukluy®beTsExµrCaelIkTI3 enA´f©TI7mkra1979 KWvamkCMnYsGgkarGnamiky\"agBit®Vkd. emIlcuH ! bUdUykMBugebIkbrLanedIr®bmUleyaFaExµr®khmekµg@ EdlGgkarlt'dMdl'kMBUlrYcehIy nig®bmUl®kumExµr®khmnirtI nSykmkbM-
GgkarCanrNa ? 240Jk'GavuF[eLIgvij . b\"uEn†minTan'[®Vk'ExenAeLIyeT KW´q~®bDit®kumenH[eTACaecarsin BIe®JHeBlenaHmaseB®Cmant´m¬eLIgvij TMnijnanak*lk'TijedayesrIeLIgvij KWTijEtnwgmas . dUec~HCMruj®kumenH[k¬ayeTACaXatkrmYyelIkeTot . es~øtenHKWCaes~øtvayTwkkMcay®tI . es~øtenH®besIrNas' yYnhaNUyCaevotmije®bIes~øtenHkMcayExµrkmı¨Ca-e®kammYyelIkehIy cab'BIq~S1945dl'q~S1954 . kaleNaHyYnhaNUyCaevotmijxIç´dyYnxagt∫Ëg [sm¬ab'kMcay b¬n'dutpÊH j¨Sg[raÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamG~kecHdwg G~kmanmeF¥aVy ®tUvEtbg≈Mcit†nS®KYsarrt'ecalTwkdICaekr†mi_ rtkTuk[yYn@enAKreTAehIy . ≤LËves~øtdEdlenH KWyYnhaNUyCaevotNamdEdlkMBugnSykmksab®BYsJseBjk~¨g®beTsExµr . b\"uEn†vae®bIkll∫ic®beyal KWtamExßry:GtItExµr®khmCaExµrGay\"grbs'vae®bIes~øtecar . mUlehtuenH®bCaBlrdΩExµrCamças'TwkdIkmı¨CaBit@ Gs'sgÙwmKµanTIBwg ®tUvEtbg≈Mcit†nS®KYsarEdlesssl'enArs'bn†icbn†Ác edIrecjecal®beTskmı¨CaCahUrEhr eVHbg'dICaekr†mi_ rtkTuk[yYnenAmYynKreTot . cMENkyYnhaNUyvasm©Mes©øm vaxIç´dExµrGay\"gCaecar[kMeTcExµrsincuH . eq¬øteBlenH vaCaecary\"agecjmux . - emIlcuH ! vakMBug®bmUl®TB¥sm∫ti†Exµr elIkdak'LandwknSecjeTAkan'®beTsyYnCahUrEhredayesrI . srubesckI† yYnhaNUyCas®tUvsYrBUC´nCatiExµreyIg Cae®cInstvtßmkehIy . vae®bI®Kb'kll∫icsm¬ab'bMputBUCExµr ! vae®bI®Kb'kll∫icedIm∫IkMcayExµr[rt'ecalTwkdI ! b\"uEn†mat'rbs'vaE®skbEg√gdan bMP&n†mtiraÂs†Exµr bMP&n†mtiGn†rCatifa bUdUysµ&®Kcit†bUCaQam®ss'sac'®ss'cUlmkCYyExµr . karBitvacUlmkmYyelIk @vaxMj¨Hjg'bMEbkbMVk'Exµr vabegI˚tExµrfIµ KWExµrGay\"grbs'vadUcCa – - sWn-g\"ukmij - TU-samut - b\"ul-Bt - ehg-sMrin - Ca-sIumCaedIm nSykmkCMnYsExµreyIgCamças'TwkdIkmı¨CaBit@ . ®Kb'@åbkrNv_ asm©Mlak'Bute®kayx~gExµrGay\"grbs'va rg'cS{kaslÌmkd-l' eTIbvaQanmYyCMhan@e®kakeLIgkMeTcExµrVny\"agsÌatvalak'muxVn
GgkarCanrNa ? 241y\"agCitdEdl . åTahrNd_ UcCa vae®bIEteQµaHGgkar vaGacsm¬ab'®bCa-BlrdΩExµrs¬Ët®tg' CaBiessG~kecHdwgcMnYn3lannak' . luHcUlq~S1979 ®beTskmı¨CacMhF¬¨g yYnhaNUyedIrr\"uycUlmklukluyratt∫at®beTskmı¨Cay\"ageBjmuxeFI√®BegIy . cMENkemdwknSExµr®Kb'@bkßbHknʨy®cUg eVlrt'ykrYcx¬Án b\"uNˆwgeTAehIyminTan'P∆ak'rlwkeTot . cMENkraÂs†Exµrrt'eKcbIkN†ab'´drbs'Ggkar EbrCacUlcMkN†ab'´dbUdUy®tUvbUdUycg̨lmuxsML¨t sYrrkb\"ul-Bt EdlraÂs†ExµrminEdlsal'Tal'EtesaHenaHeTAvij . emIlcuH ! sÂgamk~¨g®beTskmı¨CaEsnggitGnÏka j¨Sg[®beTskmı¨CarlayeTACaepHeTAehIy minTan'dwgfaG~kNac∫SgCamYyG~kNa ? . mUlehtuenH eTIbxM∆¨xM®sav®CavTal'EtrkeXIjGMBIlk≈N:´nsÂgamk~¨g®beTskmı¨Ca . KWsÂgamrvagyYnnigExµr ! . eBlenaHra\"dasMusYrbJÇak'elaktaGagfa – - ebIGJçwgGgkar KWyYnhaNUy… ? elaktagk'k∫albg˙ajkayvikarfa GJçwgEmn ! . ra\"dasMusYrelaktaeTotfa – - cuHerOgyYnykk∫alExµreFI√CaeCIg®kandSEt[GugenaH etICaerOgBit…elakta ? . - sMnYrenH®tUvcit†Kat'Nas' e®JHKat'cg'pßay[kUnecAExµrCMnan'e®kaydwgnigsal' nUvGMeBIeXareXArbs'yYncMeJHExµr EdlmansPaBsahavCagsahaveTAeTot . elaktaelIk´ds†SGEgÌlk∫alra\"da ®BmTSgeqI¬yfa - erOgenHCaerOgBitNas' ! . Kat'eFI√GtƒaFib∫ayBI®bvti† «kMBubEtGug» [G~kTSgGs'K~as†ab' . eBlenaH®sI@emm\"ayTSgGs'EdlGg¨ys†ab' k*lan'mat'fa – - { ! BueTÏa@ yYnsm¬ab'ExµrsahavEmn@ ! . elaktaGagniTanbn†eTAeTotfa luHcugstvtßTI19 KWk~¨gq~S1871 k~¨grbbVrSg®Kb'®Kg≤NÎËcin ®sab'EtmanGugyYnm~ak'ecj®bkas3x bg≈M[Exµrkmı¨Cae®kameKarBtamvaCadac'xat – xTI1- bg≈M[Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamniyayPasayYn xTI2- bg≈M[Exµrkmı¨Cae®kames¬økJk'rebobyYn xTI3- bg≈M[®BHsgÙExµrkmı¨Cae®kamedaHs∫g'cIBrecal ®tUvEtes¬øk
GgkarCanrNa ? 242exaJk'GavdUcelakyYn . eBlsU®tFm·®tUvvay®tedakk∫al®tIm\"uk@ dUcelakyYn . kaleNaHraÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kam k*claclek†A®khay nwg®bkasCac∫ab'´®B´pßrMelaPsiTiÏmnusßenH . kMBugGs'sgÙwm ®sab'EtTTYldMNwgfa manvir:bursExµrm~ak' eQµaHåkj\"asWn-Kuy CaecAh√ayext†ext†®tavij-®BH®tJMg kMBugcUleTAtva\"®bqSgCMTas'CamYyGugyYnd*G®biy Edlecj®bkasenH . k~¨geBlelakåkj\"asWn-KuycUleTAtva\"nwgva GugyYnG®biyesIcr-lak'dUcykß ®BmtSgsYrtby\"ag®BehInfa – - etIelakåkj\"asµ&®Kcit†ykCIvitrbs'elak eTAb†Ërnwglk≈&NTSgbIenH…eT ? . vir:bursExµreyIgk*esIc esIcehIyesIceTot KWesIccMGktb[GugyYnenaHvij rYcelIk´dTH®TUgeqI¬ytby\"agxI¬fa – - suxcit† ! . GugyYnP∆ak' ! vak*niyayTUrelxeTAsMueyabl'BIGKeTsaPiVl≤NÎËcin®bcSkarenAhaNUy CaBiessvasMuGnuJÔatkat'k∫alelakåkj\"asWn-Kuy . elakåkj\"asWn-Kuy Cavir:bursExµrd*k¬ahaneFI√Blikmµb†ËrCIvitrbs'elaknwglk≈&NTSgbIxrbs'yYn edIm∫IrkßaExµrkmı¨Cae®kam[enACaExµr TSgPasa TSgTMenomTMlab' TSgvb∫Fm· CaBiess®BHBuTÏsasna . eBlenaHmhavir:bursExµreyIg sMuGnuJÔatBIGugyYnerobcMVy nMcMNInigEp¬eQI®Kb'mux mancMnYn5sık dMkl'f√ay®Kb'TisTSg8 rYcelakcab'epI†mBiFIbYgsYg åTiÊsf√aydl'eTvta sMuelakeFI√CasakßIdl'x¬Ánrbs'elakhflaneFI√Blikmµ ykCIvitrbs'elakdUrnwgxTSgbIrbs'GugyYnenaH . b\"uEn†munnwg®VrB√BiFIbYgsYg elakE®sk®bkashamkUnecAExµrkmı¨Cae®kam min[erobkarCamYyyYnCadac'xat . elakTUnµankUnecAExµrCMnan'e®kay – - [xMksagvt† . - ®tUveKarBs†ab'bgab'®BHsgÙ EdlCa®KUedIm . elaksal'c∫as'nUvÚsKl'Exµr TMenomTMlab' Gar¥Fm· nigvb∫Fm·Exµr. - ®BHsgÙ®tUvxMeKarBvin&y . - ®sI@®tUvecHeKarB®kit¥®km®b´BNIExµr .
GgkarCanrNa ? 243 elakåkj\"arMlwkTUnµandas'etOnkUnecAExµrkmı¨Cae®kamfa – - GavuFd*muts&ki†siTiÏEdlGackarJrCatiVn KWExµr®tUvecHsamKIK~aBit @®tUvecHrYbrYmcgVc'K~a[VnsÌit BYt´dK~aCaF¬¨gmYy ®tUvecHGt'{nK~a eTIbExµrGacrkßaCatiExµrVnKg'vg'eTAGnaKt . - KµansasnN_ a®sLaj'CatiExµrCagExµrx¬Án‰geT ! . - ebIExµrminecHCYyExµr k*mindwgCasgÙwmelIsasnN_ a[eKmkCYyExµrVneLIy . - cUrkMueCO kMuTukcit†sasnd_ ´T[esaH . luHmhavir:burssWn-KuyTUnµanEp†p†SkUnecAExµrkmı¨Cae®kamrYc elakk*®bkasbYgsYgdl'eTvtaTSg8Tis elakGMJvnavsMup†SepI∆nUvvasnaGnaKt´nkUnecAExµrkmı¨Cae®kam . elaksMueTvtaCYyEfrkßakarJrkUnecAExµrkmı¨Cae®kamNaEdlesµaH®tg'cMeJHCati ecHes~haCati ecHCYyTuk≈Fur:Exµr sUmkUnecAexµATSgenaHcakputBIe®KaHf~ak'®Kb'Ebby\"ag sUm®bkbEtesckI†suxcMerIn nigGacQ~Hs®tUvTSg8Tis . pʨyeTAvij sUmeTvtap†nÊaeTasy\"agƒ©n'dl'ExµrNaEdlk∫t'Exµr . luH®VrB√BiFIbYgsYgcb'sB√®Kb'ehIy mhavIr:burseyIgnwgeXIjQWcit† GMBIbJ˙akMBb'EtGug GMBIbJ˙ayYnelbTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kamk~¨gq~S1840enAek†Ahuy@ . ≤LËvx¬Ánrbs'elak®tUvcMNayCIvitdUrnwgc∫ab'´®B´pßrbs'yYnG®biybIxenHeTot . elakåkj\"axwgnwgyYnNas' k*eCrdak'bN†a-sary\"agF©n'@dl'GaecaryYnb¬n'TwkdI CaBiesseCrGaGugyYnG®biyEdlCaG~kecj®bkasenaH . æeCry\"agdUec~aH GugyYnk*edIreTAemIlelakåk-j\"a ®sab'EtsıkTSg8ehaHvwg@®Vv@mkrkk∫alva . GugyYnxwgdac'k∫aldac'knʨy k*bJÇa[kUnecArbs'vacab'elakåkj\"asWn-Kuy®cancUlk~¨gm\"asIunkat'k ( kalxM∆¨enAtUc CItarbs'xM∆¨EdlCanamWunbMerIpÊal'elakåkj\"aEtgEt®Vb'xM∆¨fa m\"asIunkat'kenaHtSgenAe®kamedImet~atk~¨gPUmibnÊay®k . b\"uEn†elaktaGagVnGHGagfa m\"asIunenaHtSgenAmuxsalaXMuL¨gDwkvij ) EdlvatSgenAmuxsalaXMuL¨gDwk kN†alTI®kug®BH®tJMg . e®kayeBlEdlmhavIr:bursExµrkmı¨Cae®kamcaksƒanecaleyIgeTA®sab'EtmanTUrelxBIGKeTsaPiVl≤NÎËcin eqI¬ytbmkBIhaNUyfa – - esckI†tva\"rbs'elakåkj\"asWn-Kuy KWsmrm¥®twm®tUvtamlMnSc∫ab' dUec~H®tUvEtyl'®BmtamsMu .
GgkarCanrNa ? 244 eBlenaH®sI@TSgGs'lan'mat'fa – - etIeFI√em†ceTA? ebIGugyYnG®biysm¬ab'elakåkj\"aputeTAehIyenaH? elaktaGagniTanbn† – - elakGKeTsaPiVl≤NÎËcinmin®BegIykenI†yeT elakrkyuti†Fm·[Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamEdr KWelaksMerc[cab'GugyYnenaH ®cancUleTAk~¨gm\"asIundEdl edIm∫IbUCaviJÔaNk≈nÏvIr:bursExµreyIgvij . GKeTsaPiVl≤NÎËcinGnuJÔat[raÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kam EdlmanlMenAenAext†®BH®tJMg sƒabnaectiymYymanragbYn®CugesIµ ®CugnimYy@man®bEvg15Em\"®t kMBs'2Em\"®t CJÇSgeFI√GMBIfµP~MsiƒtenAk~¨gvt†eJFisalraCkMBg'®tg'p¬ËvcUlxags†S´d kN†alTI®kug®BH®tJMg edIm∫IdMkl'saksBmhavIr:bursExµrkmı¨Cae®kameyIg . enAelIF¬aenaH BuTÏbris&TÏExµrkmı¨Cae®kamEtgEtmkCYbCMuk~¨gmYyq~S2dgKW´f©Pǘ¨biNÎEsndUnta nigBiFIbuN¥cUlq~SfIµ edIm∫IeKarBBiFIbgߨkUlåTiÊscMeJHviJÔaNk≈nÏelakåkj\"asWn-Kuy . cab'tSgBIeBlenaHmk Exµrkmı¨Cae®kameKarB®sLaj'nigGrKuNVrSgy\"ag®Cale®CA nigesµaH®tg'´®kElg . KYrrMlwkeLIgvij emIlcuHCit100q~S Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamenAKg'vg'CaCatiExµr®BmTSgTTYlesckI†suxsan† KWedaysarVrSgåbtƒm∏karJrk~¨gry:VrSg®Kb'®Kg≤NÎËcin k*dUcCa®h√SgTiB√GacTb'Tl'nUvGMeBI´®B´pßrbs'yYnEdlB¥ayambMVt'BUCExµrkmı¨Cae®kam . VrSgbegI˚tsalaeronbe®gonPasaExµrGkßrExµr®Kb'@ext† EdlExµrkmı¨Cae®kamtSgTIlMenA . manbegI˚tGnuviT¥al&ymYyenAext†kan'efI sMrab'EtkUnExµr . edIm∫IrMlwknUvåbkarKuNVrSg sisßExµrkmı¨Cae®kamEtgEteronemsU®tcSmat'dUcteTA – « kJçaj'eckeGIy elatTMucugs√ay ®sukeyIgsb∫ay edaysarVrSg . kaledImBiVk e®JHmancMVMg G~k®sukP&yx¬Sg rt'cUlEt´®B . tSgBIVnelak cUlmkGa®s&y Tuk≈esakeraKP&y vinasxçat'xçay .
GgkarCanrNa ? 245 manp¬Ëvmansıan manyanTSgLay ecjcUlsB√say TSgsB√TMnij . ykmklk'dUr hUrEhrJseBj tamcUlcit†Tij sIucukes¬økJk' . ®bdab'®bdar Kµanx√HKµanGak' TSgmasTSg®Vk' sMbUre®cIneGIy » .emeronsU®tcSmat'enH mann&yTUlMTUlay CasakßIrMlwkdas'etOnBn¥l'bg˙aj[kUnecAExµrTUeTAecHP∆ak'rlwk[dwgfa kalBIedImyYne®bI®Kb'm-eF¥aVysm¬ab'bMputBUCExµry\"agsahav . kaleNaHExµreyIgrvl'Etrt'cUl´®B . bcç¨b∫n~enHenA®beTskmı¨Ca ®tUvrlayeTACaepH ®bCaBlrdΩExµrrvl'Etrt'ecal®suk rvl'Etrt'ecal´®B bN†almkBIs®tUv . ‰eNHyYn‰eNaHcin . ≤LËvq~S1992 esom…´fcab'epI†mCas®tUvnwgExµreyIgeTot .BIe®JHExµreyIgsuPaBsb∫¨rs cUlcit†rs'enAedays©b'es©øm eyIgminecHelaPln' eyIgminecHbg˚erOgehtunwg®beTsCitxageLIy sUm∫IEteyIgCaBiessExµrkmı¨Cae®kam rYmrs'CamYyVrSgCit100q~S eyIgminEdlvivaTCamYyVrSgeLIy GacrkßaTukCamit†lÌeTAvijeTAmkk~¨g®bvti†saÂs†.pʨyeTAvijyYnQ¬anJn KWyYnvaminenAes©ømeT vaerobcMEpnkar manTMrg'CardΩaPiVl TukbMrugCae®sc@ cab'tSgBIq~S1945 vadak'KMeragkary\"agmS ebIeBlNaVrSg®tUvcaj'dkfyecjBI≤NÎËcin yYn®tUvEtelbTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kamCaelIkTI2P¬am ehIy®sbc∫ab'Gn†rCatieTotpg .kalenaHyYnevotmijkMBugvayedjVrSg eq¬øteBlclaclenaH vaeq˚øtsm¬ab'kMeTcraÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kam CaBiessG~kecHdwg KWvae®bIes~øtvayTwkkMcay®tI . ®tUvEmn ! VrSg®tUvcaj' ®tUvdkfyecjBI≤NÎËcinenAExsIhaq~S1954 yYnelbTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kamVt'®semal˘˘˘yYnecjbJÇa[bwTT√arsalaeronCaPasaExµrP¬am . va´llkbMVt'BUCExµrkmı¨Cae®kamCadMNak'@ . mundMbUgvabg≈MExµrkmı¨Cae®kamkan'katdak's-JÇatiCayYnedImkMeNItExµr . k~¨grbbeg√øg-van'FIv rdΩFmµnuJÔ´nsaFarNrdΩevotNam ®tg'ma®taTI2, 22, 24 nig30 cuH´f©TI1-4-67 sMercTukExµrkmı¨Cae®kam CaCnCatiPaKtick~¨gshKmevotNam . luHdl'´f©TI8-10-69rdΩsPa´nsaFarNrdΩevotNamsMercCafIµbMVt'CatiExµr .vasni`dΩanfaExµrkmı¨Cae®kamTaMgGs'CaCatiynY !
GgkarCanrNa ? 246 nwkKYr[s†ayTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kamCa´®kElg . nwkKYr[s†ay®bCaBlrdΩExµrkmı¨Cae®kamCa´®kElg . BIq~S1969 tamesckI†®bkaspÊal'mat'rb-s'eg√øg-van'FIvVn[dwgfa raÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kammancMnYn4,047,500nak' . esovePAmYymancMNgeCIgfa « Le Viet Nam » sresredayelakPierre Richard Feray bJÇak'[dwgfak~¨gq~S1945 raÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kammancMnYn6,720,000nak' rs'enACMuvijvt†mancMnYn556 . ®BHsgÙmancMnYn25,000Gg . nwkeTAKYr[GaeNacGFm·bgbÌËnExµrkmı¨Cae®kamNas' yYnbg≈M[kan'katCaCatiyYn b\"uEn†manmYyPaKe®cInminecHGkßryYn minecHPasayYnTa-l'EtesaH . eBlVrSgdkfyecjecalExµrkmı¨Cae®kamBIq~S1954 bgbÌËnExµrkmı¨-Cae®kameyIgmYyPaKe®cIn yMesaks†ayVrSgCa´®kElg BIe®JHdwgCamunfa muxCa®tUvrge®KaH ®tUvyYnsm¬ab'bMputBUC ®tUvyYneFI√TaruNkmµ dUcBIstvtßTI19sareLIgvijCaminxan . Emn ! yYncat'karsm¬ab'eFI√TaruNkmµExµrsahavCagBIstvtßTI19 sahavCagBICMnan' « ®by&t~kMBb'EtGug » eTAeTot . åTahrNv_ ae®bIEteQµaHGgkarGnamik va´q~®beTskmı¨CamYyTSgmUl[k¬ayeTACaKMnrqÌwgCaKMnrepH eyIgVneXIjpÊal'nwgEP~k . cMENkbgbÌËnExµrkmı¨Cae®kam ®tUvVt'sJÇati eTaHyYnmane®boby\"agNak*eday bgbÌËnExµrkmı¨Cae®kamenAEteKarBtambN†Srbs'vir:burssWnKuyCanicç . eKsamKIy\"agrmYt eKkan'VnxÇab'xÇÁnnUvTMenomTMlab'Exµr nig®BHBuTÏsasna . ®Kb'@BiFIbuN¥®b´BNI eKnS®KYsareTACYbCMuK~ak~¨gvt†TSg®busTSg®sI TSgcas'TSgekµg rYmK~asU®tFm·rYcs†ab'Fm·eTsna . ral'@´f©sil cas'@TSgtaTSgyay eTACYbCMuK~ak~¨gvt† sU®tFm·sMusil rYcsMrank~¨gvt†mYyyb' . yuvCnExµrkmı¨Cae®kamPaKe®cIn munnwgerobGaJhB_ iJh_EtgEtbYsCa®BHsgÙy\"agticmYyvsßasin edIm∫IeronGkßr ®b´BNITMenomTMlab'ExµrBI®BHsgÙcas'TMu . åTahrNb_ g®TI nigbÌËnKwm-c&nÊ munnwgbn†viCÇa k*VnbYsCasgÙm~ak'@Vn2vsßaEdr . raÂs†Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamniya-yEtPasaExµr PaKe®cInerobkarbI†®bBnÏEtCamYyExµrtam®b´BNITMenomTM-lab'ExµrCanicç . elaktaGagniTandl'vKenH ®sI@TSg14nak'k*lan'mat'®Kb'K~a®besIr
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