អង្កការជាអ្នកណា? Who is Ang Ka?

GgkarCanrNa ? 247Emn@ . emIlcuH ! yYnekobsg˚t'Cit200q~SeTAehIy edaysarExµrkmı¨Cae®kamecHsamKI k*GacrkßaPasanigTMenomTMlab'VnKg'vg'dEdl . cMENkbgbÌËnExµrkmı¨CakN†aleyIgdUcCa®CayTn'lÌËkem\"¬H . man®bus@x¬HlHbg'®bBnÏCatiExµrrbs'x¬Án eTAyk®sIyYn - ehIycMENk‰®sI@Exµrx¬Hk*®sab'Etelatep¬aHeTAykbI†yYneTAvijk*manEdr manåTahrN_ ®bBnÏGtIttMNagraÂs†m~ak'CaedIm˘˘˘ etIGnaKtExµrFunenaHnwgk¬ayeTACaCatiGI√eTA ? Ggra\"sMusYrelaktaGagfa – - ehtuem†cyYnhaNUy®bmUlekµg@e®cInem¬\"H ? xM∆¨dwgfavadwknSykeTAhaNUye®cInmWunrYcehIy . elaktaeFI√muxs©ÁteqI¬yfa – - xM∆¨VneXIjpÊal'EP~k eXIjbUdUyebIkbrLan edIr®bmUlkUnExµrkM®JGayuBI8dl'14q~S dak'eQµaHfa « ®kumkumarsgQam » ( e®kaymkE®beQµaHfa « ®kumkumarQanmux » eTAvij . enA´f©TI24-11-84 hflun-Esn®bkas®Vb'G~kkaEstbreTsfa ®kumkumarQanmuxmanTSgGs'BIrEsnnak' . sUmbJÇak'fa mkdl'sB√´f©enH BYkekµg@TSgGs'enaHmanGayuc-en¬aHBI35eTA50q~SehIy ehIymYyPaKFMkMBugeFI√karenAk~¨gCYrraCrdΩaPiVlExµr nigenAk~¨gCYrkgeyaFBlexmrPUmi ) dwknSecjBI®beTsExµr ykeTAkan'haNUy . sB√´f©®KUbg˙at'be®gon®kumkumarsgQamBIsUn¥eLIgeTAKWsuTÏeTCayYnhaNUyTSgGs' . CaBiessvaxMbMeJkeKalCMhr dMNak'karCadMbUg®tUvsgswkcMeJHExµr®khm vabiun®bsb'j¨Hjg'bg˙ajPaBCak'Es†g EdlkumarTSgenaH®tUvTTYlTaruNkmµrYcehIy . yYnhaNUyrMÆkhUrEhrbN†¨HKMnitsgswkenH[kb'cUly\"age®CA[Cab'Canicçk~¨gebHdUg . ral'@eBlVy®Bwk-l©ac vabegI˚tsMnYrfa – - etInrNaCamit† ? - etInrNaCas®tUvsm¬ab'“Em\"va ? . dUec~HkumarsgQamTSgenaH®tUvEtyl'®cLMy\"agF©n' muxEtdMkl'dMekIgnigeKarByYnCamit† CaG~kmanKuN ehIyc∫as'CasgswkExµr®khmCMnYsyYnhaNUyCaminxan . vabegI˚tkll∫icj¨Hjg' manCaåTahrNd_ UcteTA – - ®Kb'@eBl yYnhaNUysMrSge®CIserIskumarkM®J EdlmanmUl-

GgkarCanrNa ? 248dΩansiƒtenAk~¨gbrievNGtItviT¥al&y®BHmunIvgß (Vt'dMbg) Vn®twm®tUvtamlk≈N:ehIy k*bgab'[t®mobCYreLIgLan . k∫ÁnLankam\"∆¨gTSgenaH man5…6e®KOg Qb'sMctenAtambeN†ayp¬Ëvelx2 xagekItviT¥al&y rYcebIkbreTAkan'p¬ËvCatielx5 q¬gtamsıanfµfIµ .luHk∫ÁnLanTSgenaHbreTAdl'valEbkcan yYnhaNUybJŒb'k∫ÁnLanrYcbJÇa[kumarkMst'TSgGs'cuHBILan rYcte®mobCYredIrtamvaeTAkan'valmY-y siƒtenAxagekItcMNtGakasyan Edlmanm¬b'edImeQIBIredImFM@ KWedImGMBilxaglic edImBu®TaxagekIt . enAcMcen¬aHedImeQITSgBIredImenaHmanp~ËrexµacbITnÊwmK~a . ral'@eBl manyYnhaNUym~ak' Gayu®bEhl40q~S muxsMEb\"t ®cmuHkMBit mat'®cbUj Famx¬a sk'kat'xI¬ TabetO mankSePI¬gxI¬mYyedImenAceg˚H Qrrg'cSenATIenaHCae®sc . eBlkumarQanmuxCae®cInrynak'beNI†rK~aeTAdl' yYnenHesIcTTYly\"agrak'Tak' niyayeTAkan'kumarTSgGs'enaHCaPasaExµredaye®bIvak¥s&BÊtamlMnSsm&yGgkarGnamik . vacab'epI†mj¨Hjg'edayelIk´dcg̨lp~ËrexµacTSg3enaHfa – - enHCap~Ër®BHsgÙbIGg Edl®tUvExµr®khmvaysm¬ab'kalBI´f©24-4-75 enAem\"ag2resol . ´f©vaysm¬ab'enaH Exµr®khmCIkreN†AbIenH rYcemFMbJÇadl'mit†Tuyfa – - cUr‰geTAkan'xÊmxaglic . yYnniyaybeNI†relIk´dcg̨lbeNI†reTAkan'xÊm˘˘˘ rYcbn† – - edIm∫IdwkGaeKabIk∫alykmkcat'kar . eBlenaHmit†Tuyharmat'cMhebIkEP~kFM@ q©l'Esnq©l' e®JHx¬ÁnenATIenHminEdl®bTHeXIjeKaTal'EtesaH . b\"uEn†minhflansYredjedalnUvbJ˙adac'Nat'enH . luHeTAdl' mit†Tuyk*ebIkT√arxÊm . {BueTÏaeGIy ! minEmneKaeT ! KW®BHsgÙbIGgEdlraÂs†ExµrenAext†Vt'dMbgsal'c∫as' EtgEteKarB®bNibti†sni~dΩanTukdUcCa®BHBuTÏ . ®BHsgÙTI1®BHnam b\"un-sMPaC Ca®BHemKNext†Vt'dMbg . ®BHsgÙTI2man®BHnam Ekv-san CaGnuKNext†Vt'dM-bg nigCaecAGFikarvt†kMEpg . ®BHsgÙTI3minsal'®BHnam CaGnuKN®suksEg˚r . ®BHsgÙCan'xıs'TSgbIGg Cab'cMNgCae®sc . mit†Tuyk*dwk®BHsgÙTSgbIGgdUcdwkeKaEmn nSmkkan'reN†A . emXatkrsYr®BHsgÙtSgbIGgfa – - etIcgniyaysÌI…eT munnwgs¬ab' ? .

GgkarCanrNa ? 249 eBlenaHmanEt®BHemKNeTEdlenAsl'viJÔaN nigsµartIrwgbwugelakeqI¬yeFI√®BegIyfa – - GatµaeCOkmµnigpl G~kNa®b®Bwt† G~kenaH®tUvEtTTYl . EtsMuEtm\"¥ag KWdl'eBlsm¬ab'GatµarYc sMubt's∫g'cIBrdak'elIp~ËrtamsmKYrpg . emXatkrcit†ykßk*sMrats∫g'BI®BHsgÙTSgbIGg vaysMBgnwgdMbgsEg˚rTSgbn¬a rYcFak'Tm¬ak'reN†Aerog@x¬Án . s¬ab'…mins¬ab'mindwgeT rYcehIyExµr®khmk*kaydIlb'ecaleTA˘˘˘ yYnhaNUyken†Øniyaydl'vKenH k*elIk´dcg̨ledImGMBilnigBu®Ta®BmTSgbn†karj¨Hjg'fa – -Exµr®khmk*cgs∫g'cIBrTSgbIPÇab'K~aeFI√CaExß ehIycgTajBIEmkGM-BileTAEmkBu®Ta Tukecal[x¥l'bk'rMePIyCaEl∫g˘˘˘ luHj¨Hjg'cb'ehIy yYnenHk*sm¬wgkumarG~ks†ab' edayjjwmy\"ageBjcit†nUvkll∫icj¨Hjg'rbs'va Edlvayl'fasmehtusmpl manPs†¨tagCak'Es†g Gacdutcit†kumarkM®JTSgLayenaH [eqHek†AgMCanicç ®tUvEtsgswkcMeJHExµr®khmCadac'xat . eBlenaH®kumkumarQanmuxmanTwkmux®bJb'®seJn manx¬HecjTwkEP~krlIgrelag edaykarQWcab'ex¬acpßa nwkeXIjGMeBIeXareXArbs'Exµr®khmcab'cg“Em\"rbs'x¬ÁnnSykeTAsm¬ab'GJçwgEdr . KYr[cEm¬kEdr ! cuHehtuy\"agdUcem†cVnCayYnhaNUyenHdwgerOgExµr®khmsm¬ab'®BHsgÙTSgbIGgc∫as'las'em\"¬H ? karGFib∫ay®BmTSgkayvikarEdlvabeJçjmkenH eFI√[eyIgnwksgß&yfa enAeBleFI√Xat®BHsgÙTSgbIGg c∫as'CamanvaenATIenaHEdrehIyemIleTA ? e®JHenA´f©TI24-4-75 Kµan®bCaCnfIµNaGacedIrkat'valcMNtGakasyanvalEbkcanVneT ! dUec~HExµreyIg®tUvEtelIkykmk®tiHriHrkehtupl . es~øtenHCaFatuePI¬g man≤TiÏBld*s&ki†siTiÏ GacdutkMedA[eqHgMCanicçkb'y\"age®CAk~¨gebHdUgkumakM®J . dUec~HBI´f©enHeTA [EtæeQµaHExµr®khmkumarQanmux®tUvEtkMeTcecalP¬am . maneBlx¬HvadwkkumarTSgenaHeTAbg˙ajk∫alexµacrab'Jn'…dl'mWun EdlvaKas'erobtSgCae®sc . luHbg˙ajnigj¨Hjg'rYcehIy vak*dwkekµgTSgenaHeTAkan'TIGaf·kMVMgedayniyayfa vanSykeTAeronenAhaNUy ?!?! cUlq~S1979P¬am yYnhaNUycab'epI†mbJÇËneyaFaExµr®khm®kumTI3

GgkarCanrNa ? 250[vil®tLb'mktammUldΩancas'@CahUrEhr JseBj´®B´n®beTsExµreLIgvij . eyaFaExµr®khm®kumTI3enH KWCaBYkEdlyYnhaNUyerIssMrSgecjmkBIBYksÌb'ski†PUminigc®kBti† e®JH®kumTSgenHmankarQWcab' edayVneXIjpÊal'EP~k EdlbN†almkBIes†cnigc®kBti† c∫SgdeNI†mGM-NacK~a eTIb®kumva®tUvkM®J ®tUv®Jt'®Vs'Em\"“ x√HTIlMenA . ®kumenHk*dUcCakUnsisßyYnhaNUyEdr manyYnbeg˙at'be®gonBIsUn¥eLIgeTA eq¬øt{kasj¨Hjg'EhkhYrbMJk'eKalCMhry\"agmutfa ®tUvEtkMeTcski†PUminigc®kBti† . pʨyeTAvij ®kumeyaFaExµr®khmTI3enH ®tUvEtdwgKuNyYnhaNUy dUc®kumkumarQanmuxEdr . emdwknS®kumenHsuTÏEtmansJÇatiCayYnEtvaykeQµaHExµrdak'bn¬MTSgGs' . s†ab'dl'®twmh~wg yayeTogsMusYrelaktaGagfa – - ebIGJçwgyYnhaNUy´llk[Exµrmans®tUvrvagK~anigK~a . VnesckI†fa ®kumkumarQanmuxCaG~kkMeTcExµr®khm rI‰®kumExµr®khmTI3 CaG~kkMeTcExµrski†PUminigExµrc®kBti† [yYnhaNUy . elaktaGaggk'k∫albJÇak'faBitCaGJçwgEmn . elaktabn†eTAeTotfa – - ebIExµreyIgedaH®sayminTan'eBlevlaeT edaybeN†ay[sÂgamrvag®kumTSgBIrenHpʨHeLIg s®tUvTSgsg≈agmuxCaVj'sm¬ab'K~aTSgggitggl' KµanGaNitGasUr edaysarkMhwgeTas:´nkarsgswkpÊal'x¬Ánpgedayyl'fa®tUvEtkMeTcxµSg edIm∫IrMedaHmatuPUmipg . taGagbn†eTAeTotfa - bg@eXIjeT yYnhaNUyvaykX¬a bMEbkbMVk'edIm∫I®Kb'®KgmkGnuvt†eTotehIy . cUec~HcMeJHvibti†´n®beTskmı¨Ca sUmkMueCOEt®tecoknigEP~k . eyIg®tUve®bIxYrk∫al®tiHriHBicarNa[Vnditdl' . sPaBxage®kArbs'yYnmanlk≈N:Tn'P¬n'eFI√ButcMeJHExµrCanicç . Jk¥buraNmYyX¬amanEcgmkehIyfa – « esomminecalk∫Án yYnminecalBut Exµrsflut®TuDminecalEccUv » . edaysarmUlehtuenH eTIbxM∆¨xM®sav®CavedIm∫Idas'stikUnExµr[P∆ak'rlwkeLIgvij Qb'edklk' Qb'k∫t'K~aeTAvijeTAmke®JHxµSgvamuxEtykeBlEdleyIgeQ¬aHkab'cak'K~aenHehIy eq¬øtd-eNI†mdIkmı¨CakN†al[Gs' . xM∆¨sUmrMlwkbg@eLIgvijfa – - enAq~S1945 yYnCaevotmijvabJÇËnbUdUycUlmktSgmUldΩanJseBj´pÊdI´n®beTskmı¨Ca edayykelsfa vasµ&®Kcit†cUlmks¬ab'CYyExµr

GgkarCanrNa ? 251edjVrSg . EttamkarBit vacUlmkj¨Hjg'bMEbkbMVk'Exµr edIm∫IbegI˚tExµrevotmij‰eNaHeTAvijeT . etIyYn‰NaEdlsµ&®Kcit†s¬ab'CYsExµrenaH ?e®JHenA‰kmı¨Cae®kam‰eNaH k~¨geBlEdlvafacUlmkCYyExµr (q~S1945)K~ava®kumepßg@eTotkMBugEtcat'karvaykab'sm¬ab'bMputBUCExµr[Gs' . Exµre®kakeLIgtsflUkab'cak'vavij eFI√[vas¬ab'Vt'bg'CIvity\"age®cIn . Exµrkmı¨Cae®kamQb'lk'Gg˚r m˙ËbbEn¬ nige®KOgåbePaKnana[evotmij . eXIjdU-ec~Hvak*p¬as'neyaVy edaye®bIes~øteVk®Vs'vijm†g . - enAq~S1946 vacab'epI†mbEnƒmGavuFcit†sa®s† KWPaBxage®kAvae®bI≤ri-yabflÌTn'P¬n' EpÌm®tCak'rvagExµrkmı¨Cae®kam . - enAedImq~S1947 vasMercbegI˚tsmaKmmit†PaByYn-Exµr-lav . b\"uEn†emdwknSEp~kxagExµrKWyYneg√øg-yuSgemog …sWg-g\"ukmij …Gacar¥emon .elaktaGagniyaymkdl'®twmenH k*Ebrmuxsm¬wgyayeTog®BmTSgniyayfa sUmbgeTogeFI√CasakßIniyaybn†cuH e®JHkaleNaHKat'CasmaCikCamYynwgeKEdr . yayeTogk*cab'EvkEjkbn†fa – - ExµeenAkmı¨Cae®kamdwgnigyl'fa enHCakll∫iceVk®Vs'rbs'evotmijEdr b\"uEn†mindwgCaeFI√y\"agdUcem†c ebIExµrkmı¨Cae®kamdUcCakUnkM®J ®tUvEtpßge®Bgsm©Mes©ømeTA . manbgbÌËnG~kecHdwgx¬HhflaneFI√BlikmµcUlCasmaCiksmaKmmit†PaBExµr-yYn-lavenH edIm∫IrkßaesckI†s©b'es©ømnigesckI†suxsan†CUnbgbÌËnExµrkmı¨Cae®kam tameBlevlaenaHeTA . b\"uEn†®tUvecH®bug®by&t~ e®JHebIvaseg˚teXIjsmaCikExµrNa manstism∫CJÔ:es~haCatiBit@®tUvyYnhaNUyGeJIÇj[eTA «CYyeFI√kar» GgkarelI .ExµrGP&B√TSgenaH ®tUvVt'x¬ÁnrhUt . luH´f©TI21-5-49 yYnTTYlC&yCMnHmhaGsçar¥ yYnelbnKrkmı¨Cae®kamCaelIkTI2Vt'®semal . cMENk‰smaKmmit†PaByYn-Exµr-lavvij k*®tUvrlayedays√&y®bvti† . rI‰Exµrkmı¨Cae®kam EdlCasmaCikrbs'smaKm EdlVnrYbrYmCamYyevotmijedIm∫IedjVrSg k*®tUvyYnhaNUy®bmUlnignSeTATuk[s¬ab'ecalqÌwgenA‰haNUy‰eNaHrhUt . cMENkenA‰kmı¨CakN†al‰eNaHvij hU-CImijk*EbrCabJÇËneg√øg-yuSgemog Ek¬gCasWg-g\"ukmij cat'EtgtSgCae®sc edIm∫Ibn¬MeFI√Ca®bFanExµrtsflU . varkßaX¬a smaKmmit†PaByYn-Exµr TukykmkeVkExµrkN†al

GgkarCanrNa ? 252mYyelIkeTot . yayeTogniyaymkdl'®twmh~wg k*EbrmktaGagsMu[Kat'bn†karGFib∫ayrbs'Kat'teTAeTot . elaktaGagniTanbn† – - bcç¨b∫n~enHyYnhaNUydEdlE®beQµaHCaevotNam cUlmklukluy®beTskmı¨Ca edaycat'karbegI˚tCabnÊan'nUvsmaKmmYyEdlmaneQµaHfa smaKmmit†PaBkmı¨Ca-evotNam enA´f©TI18-2-79 edIm∫IeVkExµrEmn . emIlcuH ! k~¨gkaEstnigesckI†Ef¬gkarNn_ ana vaEtgEte®bIX¬amit†PaBkmı¨Ca-evotNam@@®cMEdl@ . b\"uEn†rebob®Kb'®Kg®tYt®ta yYnhaNUyminEdleP¬cX¬a «bMEbkbMVk'edIm∫I®Kb'®Kg»enaHeT . vaGnuvt†Vn®twm®tUvtamX¬aenH edaybMEbkExµrVnCae®cIn®kum vacat'EtgtSgExµrEdlsIueCar[eLIgCaQ¬bCacarCn edIm∫IesIubykkarN[_ va . ≤LËvenHmanExµrx¬H@kMBugEtedIresIubkarNB_ IExµrK~a‰g eTA[yYnhaNUyeTAvijehIy . BI®kummYyeTA®kummYyk*dUec~HEdr ®tUvEtesIubkarNk_ ~¨g®kump†l'eTA[yYnhaNU-y˘˘˘ dUec~HX¬aEdlEcgfa «mit†PaBkmı¨Ca-evotNam» enAq~S1979enH k*vaminxusK~aBIX¬a «mit†PaBExµr-yYn-lav» enAq~S1947enaHeT . enH®Kan'EtCakarlYgelameVkbeJœat EdleKGace®bob®bdUceTAnwgkarGEgÌlx~gst√Jhn:bJçËlnwmEtb\"ueNˆaH . cab'tSgBI´f©EsÌkenHeTA ExµreyIg®tUvEttamdanseg˚temIlnUvkll∫icrbs'yYnhaNUy edIm∫I[dwgfa etImanes~øtGIeTotnwgbeJçjmkeVkExµr nigmtisklelak edIm∫IelbykTwkdIkmı¨CakN†aleyIgenH [Vn®sbc∫ab'Gn†rCati . e®JHTwkdI®beTskmı¨Carbs'Exµr mtiBiPBelakTTYlsal'enAelIEpnTIrYceTAe®sceTAehIy . yYnx¬Ánvak*VnTTYlsal'edaycuHhtƒelxaelIkicçsn¥asniÏsJÔa®kughßWENv tSgBIExkk˚daq~S1954mkem\"¬H . dUec~HvaminGacelbTwkdIkmı¨CakN†alVngay@dUcnKrkmı¨Cae®kameLIy . ≤LËvenH yYnhaNUykMBugEte®bIes~øtecar edaysm¬ab' nigkMcayExµrCamças'TwkdIBit@ . es~øtecarenH®besIrNas' e®JHeTaHbIbgbÌËnExµrNaEdlmincg'rt'ecalTwkdIk*eday k*eBlenH®tUvEtrt'˘˘˘ y\"agehacNas'k*mYy®KasinEdr˘˘˘ ehIyeyIgk*min®tUveP¬cfa ®BmeBlCamYyK~aenH vakMBugEteq¬q¬abegI˚t

GgkarCanrNa ? 253ExµrfIµ nSykmkCMnYsExµreyIgEdlcakecal®sukenaHeLIy . karbegI˚tExµrfIµEdlyYnhaNUykMBugEteFI√sB√´f©enH manCaPs†¨tagdUcteTA – ®kumTI1- vaebIkLanedIr®bmUlkumarExµrkM®J EdlmanGayucab'BI8eTA14q~S edIm∫I®bmUldwknSecjBI®beTsExµr eday®Vb'fa nSykeTAeronenAhaNUy . ®kumTI2- KWGaNikCnyYnEdlekItnigmanlMenAenA®beTsExµrBIq~S1970dl'1971 nig1975 . vaeFI√matuPUminivt†nc_ Ulmk®sukExµrvijehIy EdlmancMnYn3Esnnak' . ekµgEdlekItenACMnan'enaH nwgnSykmkCamYyvanUvKMnMusgswkcMeJHExµr . e®JHenAsm&yrdΩaPiVlsaFarNrdΩ manVtu-kmµmYyEdleFI√eLIgedIm∫IvayBYkyYn KWEm\"“va . etInrNaCaG~kbegI˚tVtu-kmµenH ? eyIgKYrEt®tiHriHBicarNaEdr . e®JHfaenA®sukExµreyIg VtukmµmYy@suTÏEtmanG~kdwknScat'EcgeFI√TSgGs' . rI‰G~kEdledIrtamVtukmµenaH minTSgdwgfax¬ÁneTANa …eTAeFI√GI√pg˘˘˘ ≤LËvGaNikCnyYnTSgenaHbn¬Mdak'eQµaHCaExµr yksJÇatibn¬MCaExµrTSgGs' ehIyEdlmanmYyPaKsµ&®Kcit†kan'k†ab'eyaFaExµr®khm®kumTI3EdlsB√´f©enHmantSgmUldΩanenAkEn¬gcas'eLIgvij . ®kumTI3- KW®kumbUdUyEdlmanParkicçmkbMeBjebskkmµenA®sukExµr®tUveKarBvin&ytamlk≈&Nd*®twm®tUv. m~ak'@®tUveFI√karenA®sukExµrk~¨gry:®VMq~S . ebIk~¨gry:®VMq~SenH vaeKarBvin&yminVn®twm®tUveT va®tUvEtenA®sukExµrdl'eTA10q~S .ebIk~¨gry:10q~S F¬ak'elxm†geTot BYkbUdUyTSgenaH®tUvEtenA®sukExµrrhUt˘˘˘ KWvasni~dΩanTukdUcCaExµr . ≤LËvenHyYnhaNUybg≈MBYkbUdUyGs'TSgenaH [eronsU®tGkßrExµrCadac'xat . BYkbUdUym~ak'@TTYlkUnesovePAmYyBIGgkarelI man®bEvgbeN†ay13sg'TIEm\"®t nigTTwg9sg'TIEm\"®t man104TMB&rTSg®kb . enAelI®kbmanGkßryYn3m\"at' – - eronpÊal'x¬Án ( Hoc ca nhan ) . k~¨gry:eBl2´f© ®tUveron®s:nigB¥JÇn:ExµrmYyTMB&r . k~¨gry:®VM´f©®tUveron[ecHPasaExµrmYyTMB&r . k~¨gry:b\"unµan@Ex ®tUveron[cb'mYyesovePA100TMB&renH . eroncb'rYcehIy®tUveTAkan'GgkarelI TTYlykkUnesovePAfIµ cab'eronsU®tbn†eTAeTot .l. eBlenaHelaktaGagf©Ërfa – - bgbÌËnExµreGIy edIm∫IvatTIykTwkdIExµr yYnhaNUye®bIkll∫ic

GgkarCanrNa ? 254y\"aglÌitlÌn' . vamanKuNsm∫ti†®Kb'vis&y vaeKarBvin&yVny\"aghµt'ct'vaeFI√kartamExßry:y\"ag®twm®tUv vabiunlak'karNV_ ny\"agCit . Ep~kneyaVyvaecHe®bIkll∫icd*eqI~m manbÂJças'manbeN†ay vaniyay®kLic®kL¨c≤teGonxµas'KµansasnN_ aenAelIBiPBelakGaceFI√VndUcvaeLIy .Ep~kkgT&BvamanCag1lank∫al becçkeTsEp~keFI√sÂgam vabiunGb'rM[Gt'®TS sIuVyrYmval'EckCamYypIÊrnig®tkYnes©arbg'EtGMbil .Ep~ke®KOgGavuF k~¨gq~S1975 cb'sÂgamP¬am ®beTsyYnmane®KOgsm∏ar:y\"age®cInsMebIm –- kSePI¬g mancMnYn1lan6EsnedIm- es∫øgGahar mancMnYn13mWunetan- Lankam\"∆¨g mancMnYn4mWun2Jn'- LandwkT&B mancMnYn1mWun2Jn'- GavuFkarJrreTHtg' mancMnYn6mWun2Jn'e®KOg- navacMVMg mancMnYnrab'Jn'e®KOg- ®BmTSgkV\"l'ehaHcMVMgmYycMnYn EdlPaKe®cInCakV\"l'ehaH®b-edjFun®btikmµ .emIlcuH ! yYnmane®KOgcMVMgd*e®cInelIslb' k~¨gcMeNam®beTsTSgbIenAe®Cay≤NÎËcink~¨gGasIuPaKGeK~ye_ nH . vaman®bCaCne®cInkuHkrsiƒtenAelI´pÊdId*cegÌøtcgÌl' e®kome®kaH≤tCIrCati . mUlehtuenH vaminTuk[eyIgVnsuxeLIy .yYnhaNUyminEmn®Kan'EteVkes†csIhnub\"ueNˆaHeT vaGacbEg√gdanbMP&n†mtiBiPBelak mtiGn†rCati[yl'®cLMfa sÂgamk~¨g®beTsExµr KWExµr®khmsm¬ab'Exµr . cMENkraÂs†ExµrEdl®tUvTTYlrge®KaH k*VneXIjnwgEP~kdUec~HEdr . yayeTogsMubJÇak'fa Kat'VneXIjpÊal'nwgEP~k Exµr®khmnS®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMgcUlmkcab'cgbI†rbs'Kat' nigbgbÌËnExµrenAkg´®Bs√ay nSykeTAsm¬ab'Cabn†bnÊab' luHCitcb'ebskkmµ Ggkarcat'karsm¬ab'Exµr®khmTSgenaHvijecalexÊc enHCaerOgd*cEm¬kNas' eyIgCaExµrKYrEtelIkykmk®tiHriHBicarNa .dUec~H®Kb'@GB∏Ëtehtu ®Kb'@åbkrNn_ ana ekItmaneLIgminTMngk~¨g®beTsExµrenH ebIeyIgExµrecHtamdan rYce®bIxYrk∫al®tiHriHBicarNae®bobeFob eyIgGacrkeXIjmuxGgkarGnamikenAkN†alval®sLHeFg KWyYnha

GgkarCanrNa ? 255NUy .elaktaGagbJÇak'fa BimßilmijeyIgeF√s®bEhs eyIg®tUvVt'bg'TwkdIkmı¨Cae®kammYynKreTAehIy . ´f©EsÌkenHebIExµreyIgminecHBn¥l'K~a[sal'kll∫icyYnhaNUy ebIeyIgminP∆ak'rlwksʨHe®kakeLIgrYbrYmsamKIcgVc'K~aCaF¬¨gmYy [Vnrh&sTan'eBlevlaeTenaH ®by&t~ ! eyIgnwgVt'bg'TwkdIkmı¨CakN†almYynKreTotCaminxan . sB√´f©EdleyIgenAsl'degI˙mp†wk@ KWedaysarBiPBelakCYykarJreyIg . cuHebIeyIgbEN†tbeN†ay[Gn†rCati …BiPBelakyl'®cLMTTYlsal'ExµrEk¬gk¬ayEdlyYnhaNUykMBugbegI˚tenaH eBlenaHeyIgExµrBit@®tUvEtputBUCehIy˘˘˘ ❑❑ ❑ enAyb'´f©TI24 emsa 1979, enAk~¨g®kumyayeTogKµannrNam~ak'edklk'eT . ®Kb'@rUbeTIbnwgmanvasnaVns†ab' VndwgfayYnvae®bIEtkll∫ic vaGacelbnKrkmı¨Cae®kammYyVny\"aggay ≤LËvyYndEdlkMBug®bmUllkl∫icenaHykmkGnuvt† edIm∫IvatTIyknKrkmı¨CakN†almYyeTot . BYkeyIgeTIbEtyl'GMBIlk≈N:sÂgamk~¨g®sukExµrenAeBlenHeT . KWsÂgamrvagyYnnigExµr . em\"ag9 ´f©TI25 emsa 1979 elaktaGagsMulayayeTogeTAkan'bnÊayGMBil . elaktacg'bMerIrNsirßNamYyedIm∫IkMeTcyYnrMedaHmatuPUmik-mı¨Ca . eBlenaH®sI@emm\"ayTSgGs' k*bbYlyayeTogeTAtamelaktaGag . BIe®JHeBlenaHeKcayEtmasnigeB®C ebI®sI@TSgGs'enHmanEtexaGavmYybn¬as'dac'dacCab'nwgx¬Ány\"agenH etImanGI√eTATijGg˚r ? . k~¨gq~S1979 ®bCaBlrdΩExµrkMBugGt'Vy Gt'CMrk ®sab'Etæfa GgkarmnusßFm·Gn†rCatiTTUcGg√ryYnnigExµrGay\"g sMudwkCMnYyCaes∫øgeTACYyExµr b\"uEn†yYnvabdiesFmin®BmTTYl erOgenHGsçar¥Nas' . dUec~H®bCaCnExµr®tUvEtedIrefIµreCIg BITI®kugVt'dMbgeTAkan'CMrMnanasiƒtenAtambeN†ay®BMEdnExµr-´f edaymancm©ay100K˘m˘ edIm∫IsMuGg˚rEdlGgkarmnusß

GgkarCanrNa ? 256Fm·Gn†rCatidak'Tan[ExµrenATIenaH rYcErkmkkan'TI®kugVt'dMbgvij . b\"uEn†BueTÏaeGIy ! manvibti†mYyy\"agF©n'eTot KWeBlErkcUlCitdl'PUminimit† k*®tUvbUdUyEdlQrcSenATIenaHsÊak'b¬n'ykGs'rlIg . ®bCaCnExµrkMBugGs'sgÙwm ®sab'Etæxßwb@K~afa – - ®tUvEtErkq~SgeTArkGg˚r minVc'eTAErkGg˚rmkrkq~SgeLIy˘˘˘ X¬aenHKWs®tUvvabegI˚teLIgedIm∫IkMcayExµr . Exµrk*beNI†rK~adUcEhrkzin Erkq~SgeTArkGg˚rEmn ! . cMENkyayeTog eBlmit†@rbs'Kat'bbYlcakecjecalTwkdIkmı¨CaKat'KSgmat'rkJk¥eqI¬ytbswgKµan . Kat'®tUvEt®Jt'®Vs'EbkecjBImit†@d*kMst'enHCadac'xat . Kat'yMbeNI†r Kat'niyaynUveKalbMNgrbs'Kat'beNI†r – TI1- Kat'®tUvenArg'cSdMNwgkUn®bus4nak'eTot tambN†SbI†rbs'Kat'EdlVnp†SmunnwgGgkarnSykeTAsm¬ab' faebInrNaVnrYcecjBInwmEdkenH ®tUvEtmkrg'cSCYbCMuK~aenApÊHrbs'eyIgenH . TI2- xM∆¨VnTTYlbN†SBIbgKwm-gYn®tacfa ebIxM∆¨sl'enArs' ®tUvEttamdanrkesIub[eXIjGMBIlk≈N:´nvibti† EdlekItmaneLIgk~¨g®beTskmı¨CabN†al[vinashinehacex¬acpßaminTMngy\"agenH . ebIxM∆¨®sav®CaveTArkeXIjdUceyabl'rbs'elak xM∆¨®tUvsresrTukCa®bvti†saÂs† CaemeronsMrab'kUnExµr CaBiessemdwknSExµrenACMnan'e®kay [Vndwgy\"agc∫as'la-s'fa – - GgkarGnamikCanrNa ? - etI®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMgCasasnN_ a ? mUlehtuenH yayeTogk*sMerccit†®tUvEt®TSenAk~¨g®sukExµr tsflU®sav®Cav[Vndwgc∫as'CagenHteTAeTot BIåVyklrbs'yYnhaNUy Edl®sab'EtbeNI†rK~aedIrr\"uycUlmkratt∫at®beTsExµry\"ag®sYlKµanht'enOy KµanBiVkeFI√sÂgamy\"agenH . KMeragkarTI1rbs'hU-CImijVnsMercCasƒaBrehIy KW®tUvtamlMnSJ-k¥TUnµanrbs'ta®bFanTij EdlVnniyayBIyb'´f©TI28 kum∏: 1948fa – - c∫SgCamYyExµr ebIQ~HVn®Kb'®Kg ebIcaj'eFI√esdΩI EdlkaleNaHyayeTogGg¨ys†ab'CamYynwgeKEdr . m\"¥ageTot®tUvtamlMnSJk¥xßibexßøvrbs'yYnEdlfa –

GgkarCanrNa ? 257 - ebI‰gmineTAtTl'eFI√cMVMgenAkmı¨CaeT ‰gnwgs¬ab'edaykarGt'X¬anEtebI‰geTAykVyvasuI ‰gGacenAmansMNagnwgenArs'teTAeTot˘˘˘ yayeTognwkeXIjsB√®Kb'k*®sk'TwkEP~ke®cak@ ®BmTSgra\"yrab'®Vb'mit†@rbs'Kat'fa – -k~¨gmYyCIvitenH xM∆¨®tUvvinas®Jt'®Vs'bgbÌËn®KYsar rgTuk≈evTnarhUttSgBIGayu20q~SrhUtmkdl'´f©enH edaysarEtyYnhaNUytamrksm¬ab'BIe®JHxM∆¨eKcminbMerIva . kaleNaHPaKe®cIn®Jt'rs' . Et≤LËvenHbN†almkEtBIyYnhaNUydEdl EdllYcbn¬Me®bIeQµaHGgkarGnamik xM∆¨®tUv®Jt'®Vs'bI†kUn@bÌËn@kµÁy@ ehIyEdlPaKe®cInKW®Jt's¬ab' . - Kµankartk's¬¨tQWcab'ex¬acpßaGI√CagkareXIjpÊal'EP~k nUv®kumXat-krEdlmkcab'cgbI†rbs'x¬Án nSykeTAsm¬ab'eLIy ! cMENk®TB¥sm∫ti†®tUvrlayGs'rlIg xM∆¨sl'EtVt´dTeTCaelIkTI2 . yayeTogelIk´dbn'®sn'Gs'vtƒ¨s&ki†siTiÏTSgLay sUmCYyENnSkar®sav®Cavrbs'Kat'[qab'VnsMerc . Kat'nwkeTAdl'skmµPaBrbs'hIuEt¬ EdleKsal'eBjBiPBelak˘˘˘ EthIuEt¬sm¬ab'breTsedIm∫IB®gIk®beTsrbs'x¬Án edIm∫I®tYt®taBiPBelak .cMENk‰Exµrvij k*®sab'EteKepIÌleBjBiPBelakEdrfa ExµrkacsahavCaghIuEt¬eTAeTot . b\"uEn†ebIeyIgBinit¥[hµt'ct'eTA G~kEdlsm¬ab'Exµr CaGgkarGnamik CaExµrl©g'ex¬A Caecar´®B EdlekIteLIgBIkarj¨Hjg' ehIyEdl®tUvXatkrGaf·kMVMgsm¬ab'bn†eTAeTot rhUtdl'Gs'sasnE_ xµr enA´f©NamYyCaminxan . XatkrCaGgkarGnamik KµanrUbKµanrag e®bIyIehaExµr®khm GYtekÌgkÌag tSgx¬ÁnCatMNagrbs'Ggkar edIrGeJIÇjPUtkuhk cuc[cM@cMNucexßay´nnamWunG~krdΩkarExµr rYc®bmUldwknSykeTAcUlcMkN†alGnÊak'Exße®tom´n®kumXatkrGaf·kMVMg [®kumenHVj'sm¬ab'ecalelg@ KµanBiVkbg≈M KµanBiVkcg˘˘˘ ®Kb'@rUbes¬økJk'‰ksNÏantamyss&ki†sÌat@ « minEmn®satexa edaHGav rYcbÂJçkcUlk~¨gbnÊb'åsµ&n nS[lMVkevTna dUchIuEt¬sm¬ab'CatihÇIveLIy » . k~¨gry:4q~SKt' yayeTogTTYlTaruNkmµk~¨gsƒannrkelakiy . Kat'q©l'Esnq©l'fa ehtuy\"agdUcem†cVanCaExµrEdlCaG~kkan'®BHBuTÏsasna

GgkarCanrNa ? 258EdlF¬ab'Ets¬Ët®tg' swgminhflanTHmUs…ruypgenaH ®Kan'EtCatMNagGgkarGnamik k*k¬ayeTACaXatkry\"agsahavå®kidΩem\"¬H ? ehtuy\"agdUcem†cVnCaEbreTAsm¬ab'®BHsgÙEdlx¬ÁnF¬ab'EteKarBesIµ®BHsmµasmı¨TÏ ? ehtuy\"agdUcem†cVnCasm¬ab'bJÔv&n† rYceTAelIkbn†¨bBYkecar´®BeTAvij (?!) . eKsMKal'eXIjfa enAk~¨gry:eBl4q~SenaH Ggkarsm¬ab' – - ExµrsaFarNrdΩ - Exµr®sLaj'sem†c“ EdlenAk~¨genaHmaneyaFacMnYn4mWunnak', - Exµr®khm®kumexov-sMpn, enATIbJçb' - Exµr®khmEdlekItmkBIecar edayKµanCMnMuCMrHGI√eLIy . « ebIminVneXIjpÊal'EP~k swgmineCO » . CaTIbJçb' elataGagk*bJÇak'fa GgkarKWyYnhaNUy . yayeTognwkeXIjeLIgvij enAeBlEdlKat'eFI√dMeNIrBIvt†s√aymkPUmiGn¬g'kUb bn†mkdl'Vt'dMbg edaykat'tam®sukemagÚsßI Edlmancm©ay120KILËEm\"®t . Kat'VneXIjekµg@bUdUycMnYn33nak' EdlCakUnyYnhaNUy manGavuFswgmin®Kb'´d kMBugbeJçjskmµPaBedayesrI . man®kumx¬H®ct'c-eg˚HQremIlesIccMGk®bmafExµrCae®cInEsnnak' EdledIreTAedIrmkKµanTisedA manEtexaGavdac'dacmYybn¬as'Cab'nwgx¬Án Vt´dTeT . mUlehtuTSgGs'enHCaBnW¬GacbJçSgelcecjnUvkll∫icnigneyaVyrbs'yYnhaNUy EdlvatTIykTwkdIkmı¨Ca˘˘˘ luHmanBnW¬x¬H@y\"agenH yayeTogk*®Vb'mit†@rbs'Kat'fa – « xM∆¨mincakecjecal®sukExµrCadac'xat xM∆¨b†ËrCIvitenA®sukExµr xMB¥ayam®sav®Cav[Vndwgc∫as'elIsBIenHeTAeTot » . enAeBlxM∆¨rkeXIj xM∆¨nwgsresrTukCa‰ksar CaBiessTukCabN†Sdl'ExµrCMnan'e®kay®Kb'@®s-Tab' tSgBIemdwknSrhUtdl'kUnExµrTUeTA [VndwgehIynSK~ariHrkmeF¥aV-yedaH®saye®sac®sg'CatieyIgeLIgvij . - ®tUvbbYlK~asikßaGMBIneyaVy - ®tUvbbYlK~a®tiHriHBicarNa edayminbEN†tbeN†ay[caj'eVk≤TiÏBlneyaVybreTs mancinnigyYnCaedIm . - ®tUvecHxµas'eGoncMeJHGMeBIefakTabTSgLay Qb'yl'®cLMeday≤tBicarNa dUcExµrEdlekIteLIgcMCMnan'es†csIhnu nigemExµr®khmexovsMpn .

GgkarCanrNa ? 259 - ®tUvyl'fa KµansasnN_ a®sLaj'ExµrCagExµreLIy . - ebIExµrminecHCYyExµreT Kµansasnd_ ´TNaGacmkCYyExµrVneLI-y (x¬ÁnTIBwgx¬Án …Gt†ahiGt†enanaefa) . - GavuFd*s&ki†siTiÏx¬Sgk¬aGackarJrCatiVn KWExµr®Kb'rUb ®Kb'mCŒdΩan®tUvP∆ak'rlwke®kakeLIg rYbrYmK~aedayesµaH®tg' CaBiess®tUvecHlHbg'ecal[Gs'nUvKMnMupÊal'x¬Án min®tUvniyayrMlwk®cMEdl@ nUvkMhusTSgLa-yEdlvrCnExµrVn®b®Bwt†xusBImun@enaHeLIy .l. enAeBlEdlelaktaGags†ab'sMdIGHGagrbs'yayeTogVnmkdl'®twmh~wg Kat'mankarrMePIbcit†y\"agx¬Sg k*elIk´dGEgÌlsµayayeTog ®BmTSgniyayfa – - ®besIrNas' ! ®besIrNas' ! enHCakMnitd*l̉k . xM∆¨sMuKS®TnigCUnBrdl'bg sUmeTvtaCYybg[VnsMercnUveKalbMNgd*eqI~menH˘˘˘ xM∆¨sMuFanaCUn®sI@TSg13nak' ecjdMeNIreTAkan'bnÊayGMBil . k~¨g{kasEbkK~aCacuge®kayenH ®Kb'@rUbtwg®TUgesIÊre®bH k†¨kk†Álk~¨gcit† BMuGacrkJk¥eBcn‰_ NamkBN·na[Gs'esckI†VneLIy . TSgGs'K~amanEtTwkEP~kCMnYssMdI EdlCasakßI´nesckI†QWcab'ex¬acpßaesakse®gg . mit†@d*kMst'TSgGs'k*EbkK~arhUt tSgBIeBlenaHmk . ❑❑ ❑

GgkarCanrNa ? 260 CBM UkTI21‹ karrse' nAkg¨~ rbbynY kmu y¨µ nsi †‹ karcatE' tgtSgCaKji sma© t'‹ edmI ∫bI egt˚I Exrµ fµI bdU yU ®tvU eronGkßrExrµ‹ ecarbn¬ C' aelkI TmI yY‹ CbY embdU yU eQaµ Hvji -Kmi elog ngi lkw‹ CrM «M kmu arsgQam»‹ ecarbn¬ C' aelkI TBI rI‹ CbY elak fac-' e®TOg ngi elak Kmw -hrYfl‹ ecarbn¬ C' aelkI TbI I karrse' nAkg¨~ rbbynY kmu y¨µ nsi † BI´f©TI25-4-79 dl'´f©TI16-6-80 ´f©bn†bnÊab' yayeTogedIremIlcMkarEp¬eQIsiƒtenAPUmie®kayvt†rMdYlmYy®tYs . Kat'edIrBIvt†rMdYlrhUtdl'vt†eJFivgß Kat'eXIjedImeQIsIuEp¬®Kb'Funsi√t®kjg'@ ®tUvepI¬geqHex¬acJseBj . cMENkpÊHvILae®KOgeQIcMnYn300x~g ®tUvruHerIdwknSecjGs'rlIg sl'EtkMeTc≤dÏnigCeNI†rEdleFI√BIfµ .

GgkarCanrNa ? 261 eBlenaHyayeTogVnCYbEt®sIemm\"aydUcx¬ÁnKat' Edl®tUv®Jt'®Vs'bI†kUn «KW®Jt's¬ab'» sMNak'enAk~¨gkUnxÊmtUc@®bk's¬wkdUg KµanCJÇSgKµanE®K Gg¨y…edkpÊal'dI . eBlCYbK~aeday´cdn¥enH k*elat{bK~aKSgmat' harniyayswgminrYc ®Kb'@K~a®KvIk∫almanEtTwkEP~keTCasMnYrnigCacemI¬y . yayeTogsYrsuxTuk≈epßg@k*dwgfa «®KYsarnimYy@mansmaCik10nak'®tUvs¬ab'y\"agtic4nak' . man®KYsarx¬Hsl'enArs'Etm~ak' man®KYsarx¬H®tUvs¬ab'putBUC . eBlenaHyayeTogk*GYtnwgeKEdr . emIlcuH ! ®KYsarrbs'xM∆¨8nak' sl'enArs'Et5nak' . ®KYsarbÌËnbegI˚trbs'xM∆¨13nak' sl'enArs'7nak' . ®KYsarkµÁyrbs'xM∆¨9nak' sl'enArs'Etm~ak'Kt' . ®KYsarrbs'bÌËn´f¬xM∆¨4nak' ®tUvs¬ab'putBUC . « xM∆¨sresrCaåTahrNe_ nHcg'bg˙ajfaExµreyIg®tUvs¬ab'CagJk'kN†al » . m\"¥ageTot G~kesssl'enArs'k*ePosx¬ÁneTAkan'®beTsTI3 dUcCa®KYsaryayeTogCaedIm Kµansl'nrNam~ak'enA®sukExµreT .l. nig .l. ´f©bnÊab'mk yayeTogedIremIlTI®kugVt'dMbgmYy®tYs . Kat'ecjdMeNIrBIpßarvt†lab edIrvagmnIÊreBT¥FMeTAkan'p¬Ëvelx1 ®sbtambeN†aydgsÊwgsEg˚r eTAkan'pßarelI Edlmancm©ayCa4KILËEm\"®t rYcKat'®tLb'vilvij edIrtamp¬Ëvelx3 . {BueTÏaeGIy ! TI®kugmYyTSgmUlsl'EtsMbk . TI®kugVt'dMbgCaTI®kugTI2´n®beTskmı¨Ca manbeN†ay®bEvg6KILËEm\"®t . cugxageCIgmanpßarmYy KWpßarvt†lab . cugxageCIgmanpßarmYyeTotKWpßarelI . pßarTSgBIrenH®tUvruHerIGs'rlIg . enAkN†alTI®kug manpÊHpßarsaFarN:mYyy\"agFM beN†ay®bEvg100Em\"®t TTwg®bEhl40Em\"®t manf~l'B&TÏCMuvij . ®sbbeN†ayf~l'enH manhaglk'TMnij®Kb'mux manTSgeragkun nig{sfdΩanCaedIm . xagt∫ËgpßarFM ®sbtambeN†ayp¬Ëvelx1 elx2 elx2k-n¬H nigelx3 manhaglk'TMnij®Kb'mux6CYr beN†ay®bEhl500Em\"®tmanTSgeragkun eragel≈an nig{sfdΩanCaedImpg . xageCIgpßarmanhaglk'TMnij®Kb'mux4CYr manTSgeragkun eragel≈an nig{sfdΩanpgEdr . ´f©TI17-4-75 hagTSgenHmanTMnij®Kb'muxeBj@ . ≤LËv´f©TI28-4-79 em\"ag®bEhl11 TI®kugVt'dMbgsl'EtsMbk sUm∫IEtT√arbgÌËc ®tUvedaHdwknSecjGs'rlIg GacemIleXIjk~¨ghagTSgenaHTeTsÌat . dUec~H

GgkarCanrNa ? 262bg˙aj[eXIjCak'Es†gfa ®beTsExµr®tUvvinashinehack~¨gry:eBlGgkarTTYlC&yCMnH KWGgkarbMp¬ajexÊcbMp¬ajxIÊTSgGs' . yayeTogedIremIlbeNI†rrYceFI√sMnYrsYredayq©l'fa etIGgkarGt'rUbGt'ragenHeFI√em†cGacdwkTMnij®Kb'muxnig®TB¥sm∫ti†epßg@d*e®cInmhima ®BmTSgT√arbgÌÁc tu TUeCIgm\"a E®K CaedImeTAkan'TINa ? . yayeTogedIreTAdl'pßarFM k*bt'eq√gedItamp¬ËvLaeG ( La Haye ) ®sab'EteXIjyaycas'@bYnnak'Gg¨ypÊal'dI {bk∫alCgg'rebobGs'sgÙwmyayeTogedIrcUleTACYb CMrabsYrsuxTuk≈ .Y yaym~ak'r\"ayr\"ab'fa – - ®kumKat'TSgbYnnak'enH®tUv®Jt'®Vs'®KYsarGs'rlIg k*bbYlK~amksMNak'enATIenHCagmYyExehIy e®JHeFI√dMeNIreTAmuxeTotElgrYc . yayeTogsYrfa – etImças'hagTSgLayenaHmanmkkan'TIlMenA…eT ? . yaydEdleqI¬yeLIgfa – - manx¬H@Edr PaKe®cIn®sI@˘˘˘ b\"uEn†mkdl'eXIjeFI√muxs©Át®KvIk∫alrYcedIrecjVt'eTA . manG~kx¬HedIrmkdl'P¬am k*cUlk~¨ghagedIm∫ICIkKas'rkmaseB®CEdlx¬ÁnVnkb'lak'Tuk . cMENkbUdUyvatamX¬SemIlCanicçeBlG~kTSgenaHecjBIhagmkvij vab¬n'ykGs'rlIg rYcVj'sm¬ab'eca-lenATIenaHeTA . maneBlx¬Hvacab'cg rYcGarkm†gbni†c@ kMejIjrkmaseB®C . åTahrNd_ Uc®kumrbs'Kat'bYnnak'enH ®tUvbUdUycUlmkcab'cgTSg´f©vavayeFI√Vby\"agTaruN . yaym~ak'xagenHmanmaseB®CmYykJçb'[vaeTIbBYkxM∆¨VnrYcx¬Án b\"uEn†CaGkusl vaGarkyaym~ak'‰eNaHmanrbYsy\"agF©n' niyayminekItedIrminrYc . m\"¥ageTotk~¨gTI®kugKµanGI√TSgGs' KµanGg˚r KµanGus KµanTwk . yayenHelIk´dcg̨l®BmTSg®Vb'yayeTogfa – « eBldN†Ss¬®tUvEtBuHT√arbgÌÁcVk'EbkenaHdut˘˘˘ ®tUvkarTwkk*yYrkUnLSgtUcmYyenaHeTAdgTwksÊwg». dUec~H®kumrbs'Kat'TSgbYnnak' Gg¨yrg'cSeBls¬ab'Etb\"ueNˆaH .l. nig.l. yayeTog®sk'TwkEP~ke®cak@ GaNitdl'yayTSgenaHNas' . Kat'nwkf©Ërk~¨gcit†fa – {ExµreGIy ! minkYrF¬ak'dundabdl'f~ak'enHesaH . ®k

GgkarCanrNa ? 263ehIyT&leTot . KµannrNaGacCYynrNaVneLIy . yayeTogk*sMBHsMulayayTSgbYnnak'enaH rYcKat'edIreTAemIleragel≈anVk'esg siƒtenAxageCIgpßarFM EdlevotkugbJÇa[bg˙at'el≈an . eK[eQµaHfa el≈anCati.®kumenHsMNak'enAEsnrehmrham edkpÊal'fµ KµankenÊl Kµanmug eB-ldN†Ss¬ ®tUvEtBuHT√ar bgÌÁc tu TUVk'Ebk ®tUvkarTwkk*yYrLSgeTAdgTwksÊwgGJçwgEdr . KµannrNaeTAsMNak'enACan'TI2 …TI3eLIy e®JHCakEn¬gEdleKTuksMrab'CuHenameTAvij . yayeTogedIreTAkan'salEdleKkMBugbg˙at'el≈an . Kat'P∆ak'rMePIbP¬wk e®JHenAmuxsalbg˙at'el≈an Kat'eXIjGMbilEdlhUrehorecjBIe®cInryVvBukkJças' EdlbJÇak'[dwgfa eKVnlak'TukCayUrq~SmkehIy . yayeTogsYr®sIyYnhaNUyd*ekµgm~ak'EdlCaG~kTTYlxus®tUv®kumel≈anfa – - etIVnGMbilBINae®cInem\"¬H ? ®sIyYnenaHesIckac'k ®BmTSgeqI¬yEvkEjkfa – - ®beTsExµrminx√HGMbileT KWExµr®khm®bmUlykmklak'min[®bCaCnExµrhUbeTetI ! . sB√´f©enH GMbilmane®cInryVv Edlvalak'Tukk~¨geragkuneGEdn nigk~¨gC®guksƒitenAEk∫rsƒaniyrfePI¬gCaedIm˘˘˘. ❑❑ ❑ ´f©TI30-4-79 em\"ag®bEhl9®Bwk yayeTogeFI√dMeNIreTAeragkuneGEdnm†geTot . GMbilEdlGgkarcit†eXareXAlak'Tukk~¨gry:eBl44ExbgÌt'min[ExµrsIu k*Vn®tUvyYnhaNUykab'T√ar bg˙ËrecjBIVvkMBukrab'ryTSgenaHdUcTwkVk'TMnb' [ExµrekIbedayesrI . « enHCaåTahrNm_ YyeTot smeTAtamJk¥rbs'taeg√øg-va\"n'Tij EdlVnBn¥l'nisßitCMnan'TImYy kalBIyb'´f©TI28-2-48 EdleKehAfaeFI√[Gs'sgÙwmrYcCYy[mansgÙwmeLIgvij ! » . ´f©TI2-5-79 em\"ag®bEhl9®Bwk yayeTogcUlkan'salaext†Vt'dMbgesIubsÊg'rkkareFI√ . eBlenaHelaksWn-daj' ( elaksWn-daj'®tUvyYncab'x¬ÁnenAq~S1984 ) CaG~kbkE®bPasayYn-Exµr ®keLkeXIjKat' k*eFI√

GgkarCanrNa ? 264kayvikar®Vb'yayeTogfa «elaksMuCYbsin» . yayeTogk*edIrecjBICYreTAQrEk∫rCJÇSgcSelak . mYysnʨH elakswn-daj'k*edIrmkCYb{byayeTogbg˙ËrTwkEP~krlIgrelag rYcxßib®Vb'Kat'fa – - sUmbgkMudak'Jk¥eFI√kar[esaHNa± ! evotkugkMBugEtesIubrkmuxGtItG~krdΩkar ! . rYcehIyk*ekokkyayeTogbeNI†reTAkan'KMnrGMbil . elakekIbGMbi-lBIrlI®t®ckfghuc[yayeTog ehIyxßib®Vb'm†geTotfa – - edIm∫IkMu[yYnvasgß&y sUmbgykGMbilenHeTApÊHvij xM∆¨nwgPrvafabg®sIxM∆¨mkrksMuGMbil . niyayVn®twmh~wg elaksWn-daj'k*sMulayayeTogecjeTA . eBlenaHyayeTogP∆ak'rMePIbP¬wkm†geTot e®JHeXIj®bCaraÂs†ExµrCae®cInes¬økJk'dac'r´y\"Qrbn†knʨyK~amuxjjwmcSTTYlGM-eNayGMbilBIyYn . kll∫icenH®besIrNas' emIlcuH®bCaraÂs†ExµrkMBugEtGs'sgÙwmrg'cSeBls¬ab' ®sab'EteXIjyYnhaNUymk«CYy»Emn . ®bCaraÂs†ExµrkMBugEtGt'GMbilsIu ®sab'EtyYnhaNUyykGMbilmkEck[ ?!?! . mUlehtuenH ®bCaraÂs†ExµrEdlx√HkarBicarNa minVnsikßaneyaVy[Vnc∫as'las' EbrCaTHKUfGrKuNyYnhaNUyEdlCaemXatkr nigCaecarQ¬anJnb¬n'®TB¥sm∫ti†nigTwkdIExµreTAvij . yayeTogQremI-lkayvikarrbs'yYnlYcGMbilrbs'Exµr ehIykMBugEtykmkEck[Exµr «dUrykKuN» y\"agQWcab' . Kat'®KvIk∫alrYck*vil®tLb'eTAkan'kUnxÊmenAe®kayvt†rMdYlvij . Kat'tSgcit†nwgnrrwgbwugGt'Fµt' nSkUnTSgBIrnak'kab'Kas'dIdSdMNStamFmµta eTaHCaeXIjG~k®sukepIÌlQUqrbbYlK~aedIrcakec-jecal®sukdUceKEhrkfin KW «Erkq~SgeTArkGg˚r» k*eday . ❑❑ ❑ enA´f©TI3-5-79 em\"ag®bEhl9 manbUdUyekµg@3nak'CayYneh√ kan'GavuF®Kb'´dedIrBInit¥emIlPUmivt†rMdYl va®keLkeXIjyayeTognigkUn@rb

GgkarCanrNa ? 265s'Kat'kMBugdSeJt vasgß&yCamças'PUmienH KWCamças'pÊHeTIbmkdl' . bUdUyTSg3nak'enHk*beNI†rK~aeTABinit¥emIlCeNI†r sÊabGEgÌlCJÇSgCafµdusrelag®sil Edlsl'CÂgwgkN†alval manExßepI¬gCab'x√at'Ex√genAeLIy . vasm¬k'sm¬wgyayeTog®BmTSgniyayK~avafa – - yayenHmans†¨ks†m∏Nas' Ba nay giau sang lam pÊHenHEbblÌsÌatNas' Nha nay tôt dep lam . yayeTogs†ab'ædUec~aH Kat'k*edIreTACYbbUdUyTSgenaH . Kat'´llkertamx¥l'mYyry:sin rYcehIyk*niyayfa – - eKarBkUn@, kUn@suxsb∫ayeT… chao con ! con manh gioi ha ? bUdUytSgbInak'manGarmµNd_ UcCaP∆ak' vaebIkEP~kFM@sm¬wgmuxK~amYysnʨH rYcvasMuGeJIÇjyayeTogeTAGg¨yelICeNI†r . vak*sYrsuxTuk≈ ®BmTSgsYr®bvti†rbs'yayeTog CaBiessvacg'dwgfa ehtuem\"cyayeTogecHniyayPasayYn . eBlenaHyayeTog´llkPrfa “BukCayYn m†ayCaExµr ( e®JHBIeBlmun@ Kat'®Vb'bUdUyfaKat'CaCatiyYn, bUdUyTSgLayenHEtgEtbg˙ajGarmµNc_ Em¬k@Nas') cMENkbI†rbs'Kat'eQµaHyI-vij®TI CaCatiyYn eTIbGgkarsm¬ab'ecal . bUdUyæeQµaHenHvaeCO100PaKry eTIbvaniyay®tg'@Kµanlak'elomfa – - KYr[s†ayNas'@ ehtuem\"†cEm\"min®bmUl®KYsarnivt†eTAkan'®beTsevotNam ? kalBIq~S1975 bUdUy®bmUlGaNikCnyYnVncMnYn2Esnnak' dwknSeKcykeTATuk®sukyYn . embUdUyenHeQµaHeg√øg-v\"an'Tij Jk's&ki†3CaG~kTTYlxus®tUvenAPUmivt†rMdYlenH . vabJÇak'fa eBlNax¬H@EdlbUdUycUlmk®bmUlGaNikCnyYncMnYnb\"unµan@ dwknSykeTAsMNak'enA®beTsevotNam CaBiessext†Vt'dMbg manbJÇËnGaNikCnyYneTAkan'®beTsevotNamcMnYn3elIk .k∫ÁnkaNUtseN†agTUkFM@tMerobCYrtamdgsÊwgsEg˚r ®tg'PUmixi√t XMuE®BkxÊb' . eg√øg-va\"n'Tijsm¬wgmuxyayeTog®BmTSgbJÇak'eTotfa – - kaleNaHebIEm\"nS®KYsarnivt†eTAkan'®beTsevotNam Em\"KµanVrm∏P&yx¬acGI√eT . tamTUktamk∫Án mancat'EcgKNkmµkarerobcMVyTwkCUn .luHdl'®beTsevotNam GgkarelImancat'EcgTIlMenA[sMNak'CalMdab'lMeday . cMENkkUn@rbs'Em\" GgkarelIbJÇËn[cUleronedayesrItamEp~k@ . luHeronecHcb' GgkarelIbJÇËn[mkkan'®beTskmı¨Cavij b\"uEn†®tUv

GgkarCanrNa ? 266E®beQµaHCaExµrTSgGs' . luHs†ab'eg√øg-va\"n'TijBN·nasB√®Kb'cEm¬ky\"agenH Kat'k*sYrbJÇak'fa – - kUnTij, erOgenHBit… ? . TijesIcy\"agrIkrayehIyk*eqI¬yfa – - BitNas'Em\" ! . yayeTogk*eqI¬yeLIgfa – - s†ayNas'@ ! xM∆¨xusGs'rlIg . b\"uEn†k~¨gebHdUgKat'QWcab'≤tåbma . Kat'nwkk~¨gcit†fa k~¨gry:4q~SKt' Kat'eXIjpÊal'EP~k Kat'VnTTYlTaruKkmµpÊal'x¬Án Ggkarcat'karsm¬ab'ecalP¬am@G~kecHdwg bJÔv&n† ®BHsgÙCaCatiExµr . raÂs†ExµrNaEdlminTan'dl'evns¬ab' GgkareFI√TaruNkmµem\"c@k*eday[Etdl's¬ab', raÂs†Exµresssl'enArs' Ggkarc∫ËtykGs'BIx¬Án m~ak'@sl'EtVt´dTeT .l. nig .l. EtenAeBlenH ! ehtuem\"†cGgkarEbrCabJÇËnbUdUymkkan'®beTskmı¨Ca ®bmUlGaNikCnyYndwknSykeTAlak'Tuk‰®sukyYnGJçwg ? . GaNikCnyYnTSgLayenaH manLan manTUk mankaNUtCiHy\"ag®sYl ®BmTSgmanm˙Ëb Twk sIupwky\"ag®Kb'®Kan' .GJçwgerOgenHcEm¬kNas' enHCaBnW¬elcecjy\"agc∫as'fa GgkarKWyYnhaNUyy\"agBit®Vkd . cab'tSgBI´f©enaHmk eg√øg-va\"n'TijEtgEtcUlmkkan'kUnxÊmrbs'yayeTog sMusYresckI†suxTuk≈epßg@ . ´f©mYyTijsMuEtgtSgyayeTogCaKijQ¬bykkarN_ . eBlenaHyayeTogeFI√Cal©g'sYrvafa etIKijQ¬benHeKeFI√GI√eTA ? . eg√øg-va\"n'TijeBjcit†eqI¬ynwgsMnYrenHNas' . vajjwm®BmTSgBn¥l'fa – - Em\"®tUvBinit¥seg˚tykkarN_ rYcp†l'Bt·man[BYkxM∆¨ . GgkarelIrbs'evotkugcg'dwgfa etI®bCaCnExµrEdlsMNak'enAvt†rMdYl PUmivt†lab etIBIedImCasIÌ@ CaBiessBYkxM∆¨cg'dwgfa nrNaeFI√karCMnan'es†csIhnu CMnan'ln'-nl' CaExµr®khm . Tijsn¥ap†l'eJt Gg˚r [yayeTog . enAeBlenaHKat'mankarVrm∏Cax¬Sg edayx¬ÁnKat'h~wg‰gk*Camnusßm~ak'EdlGgkarkMBugEtrkmuxEdr .edIm∫Ipab'cit†yayeTog ski†3evotkugTijykkaEstyYneQµaH «jagywug» (E®bmkfa ®bCaCn) sresrCaPasayYnmk[Kat'GanCaerogral'eBl .

GgkarCanrNa ? 267edaysarkaEstenH yayeTogVndwgfa – - rdΩaPiVl®bCamanitukmı¨CaEdlyYnhaNUy´q~®bDitbegI˚teLIg rYccat'EtgtSgehg-sMrin (CaExµrevotmij˘˘˘ BIq~S1970dl'q~S1978 CaembJÇakarenAkgBlelx6) CaGKelxaFikarmCŒwmbkßVMgBImuxva EtgEt®VrB√eFI√mITijd*mehaLarik GbGrsarTrxYbGnusßavrIy´_ f©TI17-4-75 . rdΩaPiVlGay\"gyYnhaNUydMkl'dMekIg´f©TI17-4-75enHfa – - Ca´f©d*mhaeCaKC&y - Ca´f©mhaelatep¬aH - C&yCMnHenA´f©17-4-75 KWCa «bMNg®Vf~ad*TTUc®bkbedayesckI†sgÙwm EdleyIgxitxMBuHJredayp†Ërp†ac' pßaCab'y\"ags~iTÏsiÌtlµÁtCamY-yevotNam » . - buN¥Catirbs'rdΩaPiVlsaFarNrdΩ®bCamanitukmı¨Ca KWbuN¥xYbGnusßavrIy´_ f©TI3-2-30 KWCa´f©kMeNItrbs'bkßkumµ¨ynis†≤NÎËcin EdlbegI˚teLIgedayhU-CImij . buN¥enHrdΩaPiVl®bCamanitukmı¨Ca®VrB√eFI√Caerogral'q~S . - mhavifIenAk~¨grdΩFanIP~MeBj EbrCaEkE®bykeQµaHemExµrevotmijmkdak'eTAvij – - mhavifInerat†m EkeQµaHCamhavifITU-samut . - mhavifI®BHmunIvgß EkeQµaHmkCamhavifIGacar¥emon . - eKeXIjmanp¬ËvhU-CImij, p¬ËveLnIn ekIteLIge®Jg®Jt . yayeTogGankaEstrYc Kat'Gg¨ysJÇb'sJÇwgnwkeXIjeLIgvijnUvJk¥eBcnr_ bs'elakKwm-gYn®tac EdlVnKUsedAbJÇak'fa C&yCMnH´f©TI17-4-75 KWCaC&yCMnHrbs'GtItExµrevotmij bcç¨b∫n~lYce®bIyIehaExµr®khm˘˘˘ minEmnC&yCMnHrbs'bkßExµr®khmExov-sMpneT . ≤LËvenHkaEstja\"gywugCaPs†¨tagy\"agCak'Es†g EdlbJÇak'nUvJk¥Bitrbs'eromc∫gm~ak'enH . ❑❑ ❑enAeBlenaHs&ki†3yYnhaNUyeg√øg-va\"n'TijedIrcUlmkkan'kUnxÊmrb

GgkarCanrNa ? 268s'yayeTogy\"agelOnTSgTwkmuxjjwm . TijhuckaEstExµrmYyc∫ab'mk[yayeTog . kaEstenHmaneQµaHfa «kmı¨Ca» . kaEstenHVnGHGagbJÇak'®Vb'fa – 1- kgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFbdivt†n‰_ kPaBrbs'kmı¨Ca EdlhU-CImijb-JÇa[sWg-g\"ukmijbegI˚tenA´f©TI19-6-51enaH k~¨geBlbn¬MeFI√CaExµr®khmedIm∫Ibn¬MvaykMeTcExµrln'-nl'BIq~S70-75 VnEkE®beQµaHeTACa « kgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFes~haCatikmı¨Ca » . enAk~¨grbbGgkarGnamik kgkm¬SgenH‰gk*E®beQµaHeTACa « bkßExµr®khmnirtI » . bcç¨b∫n~enHbkßExµr®khmnirtI k*E®beQµaHeTACa « kgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuF®bCaCnbdivt†nk_ mı¨Ca » . 2- bkß®bCaCnbdivt†nk_ mı¨Ca EdlhU-CImijbJÇa[sWg-g\"ukmijbegI˚tkalBI´f©TI28-6-51enaH k~¨grbbGgkarGnamik75-79 GgkarVncat'tSgsmaCikbkßenH[eFI√Ca®bFanshkrN_ CaKN:tMbn' nigCatMNagraÂs† . bcç¨b∫n~enHE®beQµaHmkCa « bkß®bCaCnbdivt†nk_ mı¨Ca » EdlyYnhaNUycat'EtgtSgehg-sMrin CaGKelxaFikarKN:kmµaFikarmCŒwmbkß . rYcehIyyYnhaNUyVncat'EtgtSgCa-sIum, say-PUfg, hflun-Esn, Ca-suTÏCaedIm [eTACasmaCik´nkariyal&yneyaVyrbs'mCŒwmbkßenH . 3- kaEstenHhflanGYtbeJçjGaf·kMVMgenAkN†alvalfa – evotNamVn®bekoksµaCamYykmı¨Ca ( Jk¥kmı¨Cak~¨gTIenH KWvacg'sMedAeTAelIExµrevotmij ) eyIg®tUvEteb†C∆aEfrkßabMb\"ncMNgmit†PaBEdlhU-CImijVndSe®CayBUnk~¨gf~alsgmniym BImYy´f©eTAmYy´f© kan'EtpßasÌitlµÁt k¬ayeTAkm¬Sgd*mhima k¬ayeTAkm¬Sgd*Gmt: . cMNgTMnak'TMng®byuTÏBiesseJreBjeTAedaysµartIGn†rCatiGFnd*´f¬f¬a GacdeNI†mVnC&yCMnHCasƒaBrenAq~S1975 . eyIgGacruj®canxµSg[fye®kayCaCMhan@ eyIgGacp†ÁlrMlMxµSgmYyEp~k@ rYcQaneLIgdeNI†mykC&yCMnHVnCabn†bnÊab'y\"agFMeFg . åTahrNd_ UcCaeyIgkMeTcExµrln'-nl' eyIgTTYlC&yCMnHenA´f©TI17emsa1975 . enHKWCaCMhanTI1 . eyIgkMeTcExµrexov-sMpneyIgTTYlC&yCMnHenA´f©TI7 mkra 1979 enHKWCaCMhanTI2 .l. esckI†GYtrbs'yYnhaNUyenHCasakßIbJÇak'fa yYnenH‰gehIyCaGgkarGnamik . cMENk‰Gay\"grbs'va dUcCaehg-sMrin, Ca-sIum, say-PUfg, Ca-suTÏ, hflun-EsnCaedIm CaXatkrelIraÂs†Exµrs¬Ët®tg'y\"agBit

GgkarCanrNa ? 269®Vkd . kaEstj\"agywugj¨Sg[eyIgeXIjeTotfa k~¨grbbGgkarGnamik yYnhaNUyåbtƒm∏GtItExµrevotmij [tSgmUldΩanJseBj´®B´n®beTsExµr EfmTSgmanbUdUyy\"age®cInmWunnak'KS®T eq¬øt{kasd*lÌenHe®bIyIehaExµr®khm rYccUlmkcab'cgraÂs†Exµrs¬Ët®tg'nSykeTAsm¬ab'ral'@´f© . 4- kaEstenHbJÇak'fa bkß®bCaCnbdivt†nE_ xµr bcç¨b∫n~E®beQµaHCa «bkß®bCaCnbdivt†nk_ mı¨Ca »˘˘˘ ehg-sMrin®tUvq¬gkat'dMNak'karBIr – - dMNak'karbdivt†n®_ bCaFibety¥nayTunEbbfIµ, bcç¨b∫n~enHehAfa –bdivt†n®_ bCaCati®bCaFibety¥®bCaCn nigdMNak'karbdivt†ns_ gmniymPar:kicçCadMbUg®tUvkMeTc®bqSgc®kBti† nigski†PUmi .l. ❑❑ ❑ eg√øg-va\"n'TijEtgEtnSbUdUymksMueronPasaExµrBIyayeTog . bUdUym~ak'@mankUnesovePA «eronx¬Án‰g» mYyk∫alCab'tamx¬Án dUctaGagVnGHGagEmn . ´f©mYyeg√øg-va\"n'TijbeNI†rbUdUym~ak'eQµaHTW Gayu®bEhl26q~SmklayayeTog edIm∫IeTAkan'®sukhaNUyenA´f©EsÌk . yayeTogsYrfa ehtuy\"agdUcem†cVnCaTWGaceTAhaNUyvijVn ?yYnenaHeqI¬yBn¥l'BIlk≈&N5q~S 10q~S …Gs'rhUtmYyCIvitrbs'bUdUy Edl®tUvkan'vin&ydUcEdltaGagVnbJÇak'®Vb'rYcmkehIy . vaeKarBvin&yVn®twm®tUv dUec~Hvamanc∫ab'vil®tLb'eTA®sukvavijk~¨gry:eBl5q~S KWenA´f©EsÌkenH . cMENk‰s&ki†3evotkugeg√øg-va\"n'Tij vaVn®Vb'yayeTogfa vaekItenAext†daNag . yYnhaNUybJÇËnvamkkan'®sukExµrkalBIExmIna1972 CamYyBYkyYnK~avaCae®cInJn'nak' . q~S1977 yYnTijF¬ak'vin&y5q~S dUec~Hva®tUvenA®sukExµr5q~SteTAeTot rhUtdl'q~S1982 .l. ❑❑ ❑

GgkarCanrNa ? 270 enAExmifunaq~S1979 enAnaykdΩansuxaPiVlext†Vt'dMbg eKmanbiT®bkaspßayrknisßitEp~keBT¥ edIm∫IbJÇËneTAbn†viCÇaenAshPaBsUevot.yayeTogk*nSr\"ada kUn®sITI2rbs'Kat'eTATIenaH edIm∫IsMucuHeQµaH . elakfac'-ekAlI EdlCaG~kTTYlxus®tUvVnxßib®Vb'Kat'fa – - sMumIgkMucuHeQµaH[esaH e®JHkUnGtItG~krdΩkarEdlVncuHeQµaHBImun@mkVn®tUvVt'x¬ÁnrhUt˘˘˘ eKBMudwgCayuvCn yuvnarITSgGs'enaH®tUveKnSykeTANaeT . EtedIm∫IkMu[mankarsgß&y elakekAlIk*huc®kdas'mYysn¬wkmk[yayeTogdUceK‰gEdr . sMnYrenAelI®kdas'mandUcteTA – - eQµaH“Buk˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘ ®sukkMeNIt˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘BIedImeFI√GI˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘sB√´f©enA‰Na≤LËveFI√GI˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘s¬ab'…rs'˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘? . - eQµaHm†ay˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘®sukkMeNIt˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘BIedImeFI√GI˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘sB√´f©enA‰Na≤LËveFI√GI˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘s¬ab'…rs'˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘? . - manma-mIg-bg-bÌËnenAbreTs…eT ? ebImanetIeQµaHGI˘˘˘˘ enA®beTsNa˘˘˘˘˘˘˘enA®sukExµreFI√GI˘˘˘˘˘˘˘sB√´f©eFI√GI˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘? . - manmit†P&ki†…sal'G~kenAbreTs…eT ? ebImanEteQµaHGI˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘enA®beTsNa˘˘˘˘˘˘˘enA®sukExµreFI√GI˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘sB√´f©eFI√GI˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘˘? . enAbnÊat'xage®kameKbgÌs' manGkßrmYyCYrsresrfa – « ebIEf¬g®Vb'minVn®twm®tUv ebk≈Cn®tUvTTYlxus®tUvpÊal'x¬Án » . yayeTogVnGanBinit¥sMnYrd*cEm¬kenHrYc k*nSkUn®sImkxÊmvij . enAcugExmifuna yayeTogVnCYbyW-®TIviciœka kUn®busTI5rbs'Kat'vij®KYsard*kMst'enH VnCYbCMum†aynigkUnbInak' eTIbmanBn¬Wsb∫ayrIkraybni†c . EtkarrIkrayk~¨gcit†enHminVnsiƒtenAyUrb\"unµaneT . e®JHenAeBlenaHmanbJÇamYyBIGgkarelI [bjÇËnviciœkaeTAeFI√E®srYm . ®tUvrkGg˚rm˙ËbnSykeTAbriePaKx¬Án‰g . ®tUvedIredayeCIgBITI®kugVt'dMbg etAXMutamWuncm©ay40K˘m˘ . ®bCaCnExµrTSgGs'Gs'sgÙwm edayeXIjbJ˙adEdl dUcCabJ˙asm&yGgkar mankarFuj®Tan'k*bbYlK~acakecalTwkdIkmı¨CaCahUrEhr . cMENkviciœka edayeKarBtambN†S“Buk[enArg'cSdMNwgBIbg@bInak'eTot k*sµ&®Kcit†ecjeTABlikmµeFI√E®srYmenH . enAeBlmYy ®sab'Etman

GgkarCanrNa ? 271ecarmYy®kumcUlmkB&TÇcab'cg rYcb¬n'ykeKaGs'rlIg . viciœkak*®tUvGUsreTHCMnYseKa vil®tLb'mkkan'Vt'dMbgvij rg'cSTTYlbJÇaCafIµ . ❑❑ ❑ ecarb¬n'CaelIkTIBIr k~¨gExkk˚da1979 enAext†Vt'dMbgmanekItåb∫ti†ehtud*Gsçar¥ KWekItecarb¬n'kab'sm¬ab'y\"agsahavenA®Kb'TIkEn¬g . enA´f©TI16-7-79 em\"ag®bEhl6l©ac manecarmYy®kum ( dl'elIke®kaymkeTIbdwgfa ®kumenHCaGtItExµr®khmnirtI ) kan'GavuF®Kb'´d beNI†rK~acUlmkkan'kUnxÊmrbs'yayeTog . vaE®sksm¬¨tBIcm©ayfa – - ENG~kmças'xÊm ! maneXIjecarbInak'edIrkat'TIenHeT ? . eBlenaHyayeTognigkUnbInak'eGItk∫alemIlCMuvijxÊmEdlKµanCJÇSg®sLHeFgenaH rYck*eqI¬yedayKYrsmnigy\"agesµaH®tg'fa – - mineXIjeT, kµÁy@eGIy . ebImanEmnBYkGMumuxEtnwgeXIjCaminxane®JHval®sLHeFg . ®sab'EtGaecarm~ak'b®Jçk®Kab'kSePI¬gPÇg'tMrg'mkvi-ciœka ®BmTSgkMejIjfa – - xÊmenHlak'ecar ! xÊmenHlak'ecar ! bnÊab'mkvak*cUlmkcab'EqkeqrkUnxÊmtamGMeBIcit† Bn¥aeBlcSyb'ggitmkdl' edIm∫IeFI√TaruNkmµelImças'xÊmTSgbInak'enH . vae®bIl∫icklecaTfaCaecar rYcbeNI†rTSgcMNgecjeTA . ra\"daeXIjdUec~aHk*sMuGg√recareTACamYybÌËn . cMENkyayeTogveg√gsflug ehIyk*dYlsn¬b'Vt'sµartI edayP&ytk's¬¨tnwgGMeBI´®B´pßenH˘˘˘. kUn®sIeBAenACamYym†ay P&yx¬SgeBkyMbeNI†rdas'm†aybeNI†r .luHKat'dwgx¬ÁneLIgvij yb'ggitNas'eTAehIy . BYkecarvil®tLb'mkb¬n'yayeTogvij . Kat'rt'eKceTABYnenAcMkardUgxageCIgxÊm . edayrk

GgkarCanrNa ? 272Kat'mineXIj vak*E®skLËLaeLIgfa – - eXIjeT ! sfl˜u®KlMulak'ecar . ≤LËvvart'ecalxÊm ! . ®kumecarTSgenaHk*fyeTAvij rYc®saycMNgElgviciœka [vilmkkan'kUnxÊm ®BmTSgniyayTn'P¬n'sMueTasfa BYkvacab'®cLM . cMENkyayeTog k*rt'eTAb†wg®kukrkßasni†suxsiƒtenAk~¨gvt†rMdYl manbUdUynigQ¬bCatiExµrEdlCaGtItExµr®khmnirtITSgGs' . ®kumenHeFI√esaHGegIyCitmYyem\"ag eTIbeFI√CanSK~art'eq√cq√acmkkan'kUnxÊmrbs'yayeTog . vaPredaysMdIlYgelamfa – - sMuGMukMuP&yVrm∏GI BYk®kumxM∆¨cat'karyaml∫atkarJrGMuehIy . rYcehIyvak*edIrecjeTAvijVt'Gs' . eXIjGakb∫kiriyaBYkvadUec~H yayeTogKµanTukcit†BYkvaTal'EtesaH . Kat'xMkitriHrkkEn¬gedIm∫IeKcBYnBIBYkh~wg . esckI†x√l'x√aykan'EtEfm®tYteLIg@ edaymindwgCaeKceTANaNamYyeP¬øgk*cab'F¬ak'eCaKCS NamYyviciœkak*E®skf©ËrdUc®JbedaycukeJHy\"agx¬Sg . eNI˙y ! ®TStamyfakmµeTAcuH !˘˘˘˘ Emn ! karsgß&yrbs'yayeTogKµanxus‰Na . enAem\"ag12Ga®Fat®kumecardEdlk*mkdl'lµm . vamanK~a7nak' kan'ExßbYncg√ayenA´drYcCae®sc . ®kumecarcab'cgGgranigviciœka ehIyyk®kmajat'mat'G~kTSgBIr .GaecarCaGtItExµr®khmnirtIcab'yayeTogcgGUsnScUlbgn' vayeFI√VbkMejIjrkmaseB®CTal'EtVn . yayeTog[kJçb'mYyeTAva EdlenAk~¨genaHman – - Exß´dmasTwkdb'mYydMLwg - ExßkV¬TIn3Exß - cieJçønmYyvg' mant∫ËgeB®CTMhM3lIcMnYn13®Kab' - nigcieJçønmYyvg' mant∫Ëgb´b\"linTMhM6lIcMnYn5®Kab' . b\"uNˆwgehIyvaminTan'eBjcit†enAeLIyeT vaKMramsML¨trkEfmeTot .®sab'Etæsem¬gE®skenAk~¨gcMkarxageCIgxÊmfa – - CYypg ! CYypg ! ecarb¬n' !ædUec~aHGaemecarGtItExµr®khmnirtIk*bÂJçk®Kab'kSePI¬gt®mg'mat'E®tmkrkyayeTogedIm∫InwgVj'sm¬ab'bMVt'Ps†¨tag munnwgBYkvaecjBITIenHeTAvij . ®Kab'kSePI¬gk*pʨHeLIglan'æsUrpSg ! pÊat'eTA®tUvCJÇSgbgn' eday

GgkarCanrNa ? 273sarmindwgCaehtuGIVnCamanGaK~avam~ak'ruj®canmat'E®tkSePI¬gBg√ageTAx¬ÁnyayeTogeTAvij˘˘˘ rYcehIyBYkvak*rt'rV\"t'rV\"yGs'eTA . yayeTogk*rt'eTAb†wg®ksYg «sni†sux» dEdlCaelIkTI2 TSgcMNgenA´d . vabEN†teBlTuk[ecareKcrt'eTAq©aysin sUm∫IEtcMNg´dEdlecarcgKat' k*KµannrNamYyeGIeBI®say[pg . enAeBlEdlCYbCMuEm\"kUneLIgvij eTIbdwgfa enAeBlEdlGaecarmYy®kumkMBugEtcab'cgyayeTog, ra\"danigviciœkamanGaecarcit†Jlm~ak'cab'GUskUn®sIeBArbs'Kat'GayueTIbVn14q~S nSykeTAkan'cMkardUgbMrugrMelaP . nagb†ËrCIviterIbMrHBIkN†ab'´dGaecarG®biye_ nH . vaxwgx¬SgeBk k*eVk®Kab'Ebk´dmYy®Kab'bMrugsm¬ab'nagecal . vasnalÌNas' ®Kab'Ebk´dminpʨH nagk*E®skrkeKCYy eFI√[GaecarTSgenaHrt'payecjeTAvijeTA˘˘˘ KYr[GaeNacGFm·dl'yayeTogNas' sflUb†ËrCIvit xMlak'xMEfrkßa®TB¥sm∫ti†sMxan'@rbs'Kat' dUcCamas eB®C hUl pamYg sMBt'muyGarnigrUbft®Kb'FunEdlftCamYybI†-kUn@tSgBIekµg@ CaGnusßavrIyd_ *Esnmenarm¥ . enAk~¨gry:4q~S´nrbbGgkar ebItMNagvadwgfaKat'lak'rbs'Gs'TSgenH vac∫as'CaminTukCIvit[eTA . EteTaHCaxM®bwglak'y\"agNak*eday TIbMputKWecarvaCMritykTal'EtVn . kicçkarlak'rbs'TSgenaHmansPaBevTnaNas' . ral'@®Bwkem\"agbYnP¬W ®tUvykkJçb'®TB¥enHeTAkb'k~¨greN†AmYyk~¨g®Tug®CUk ykEdksg˚sImYybnÊH®KbBIelI . rYcehIyekIbGacm®_ CUknigs¬wkÚsßIrayBIelIeTot . yb'eLIgem\"ag9eTIbeTAykmkTukCab'nwgx¬Ánk~¨gxÊmvij . enAtamkMENn eTANamkNa kat'valcUl´®Brab'ryKILËEm\"®t ®tUvlak'Cab'nwgx¬ÁnCanicç . kn¬gputVn4q~SmkehIy ®sab'Et≤LËvenH®tUv®kumecarCaGay\"gyYnhaNU-y cUlmkb¬n'TSgEP~k®ss' ykGs'rlIgBIx¬Án sUm∫IEtCIvitk*swgminKg'eTAeTot . m†aynigkUnTSgbIenAsl'EtexaGavmYybn¬as'Cab'nwgx¬ÁnEtb\"u-eNˆaH . yayeTogE®skyMf©ËrdMGUjfa QWcab'Nas'@ ! CIvitxM∆¨Gs'n&yehIy .KµanGI√KYr[s†ay®seNaHeToteLIyTwkdIkmı¨Ca ! eBlenaH ra\"daniyaymkkan'm†ayfa – - m\"ak'eGIy ®beTsExµrsB√´f© dUcCakV\"l'mYyEdlebIkbredaysarmnusßdEdl ®Kan'Etp¬as'sMelokbMJk'tamkalevlaEtb\"ueNˆaH rYcehIy

GgkarCanrNa ? 274vanSK~aebIkbreTAkan'TisedAEtdEdl . nagk*sMuGg√rm†ayedIm∫InSK~acakecjBI®sukExµr . yayeTogKSgmat'rkniyayfaeTA…eTminekIt . e®JHeKalbMNg®sav®Cavrbs'Kat'minTan'Vncb'cugcb'edImtambMNgenAeLIy . minyUrb\"unµan ®sab'EtmanbJÇaBIGgkarelImkeTot bg≈M[viciœkaecjeFI√BlikmµrYm edIm∫Ikab'Kas'dIPÇÁrnwgcb CMnYseKa®kbIEdlx√H . TIbMputyayeTogk*sMercbJÇËnra\"da ( yayeTognigra\"daEbkK~arhUttSgBIeBlenaHmk )nigviciœkapßge®BgePosx¬ÁneTA®beTs´f . enAeBlEbkK~aCaelIkTI2enH Em\"kUn@Twg®TUgesIÊre®bHKSgmat' KµanJk¥niyay eBlenaHmanEtTwkEP~keTEdlCasakßIbg˙ajfakMst' QWcab'ex¬acpßa nigek†A®khayNas' . cMENkyayeTogrkßaeKalbMNgmutdEdl KWCIvitcuge®kayrbs'Kat' Kat'®tUvEteFI√Blikmµ xM®sav®Cavrk[eXIjGMBIlk≈N:Bit´nmhn†rayenAkmı¨Casm&yenH teTAeTotKat'cg'kt'®tatamdannUv®Bwti†karNn_ ana EdlbN†al[®beTsExµr®tUvrlayy\"agenH.BIe®JH®Bwti†karNT_ SgLayenaHdUcCacEm¬k manlak'Gaf·kMVMgCa´®kElgeTaHVneXIjpÊal'EP~kehIyk*eday enAeBlx¬HswgEtmincg'eCO˘˘˘ tSgBIra\"danigviciœkaecjputeTA yayeTogrs'enAEsnkMst'evTnaCamYyGgra e®JHx¬acecarmkeFI√Tuk≈bukem~jeTot . dUec~Hral'@yb' Kat'EtgnSkUn®sIlblYncUlBYnedkk~¨gbnÊb'bgn'kN†alcMkarrbs'Kat' . luH´f©rHeTIbEm\"kUnlUnecjmkdSnige®sacTwkbEn¬ . k~¨gbnÊb'bgn'enaH cen¬aHsMrab'GgraedkmanbeN†ay1Em\"®t TTwg8twk. kEn¬gm†ayedkmanbeN†ay1Em\"®t TTwgkn¬HEm\"®t . edkpÊal'fµ KµankenÊl KµanPYy Kµanmug Kµanex~IyeT . m~ak'@edkekIy´d Gg˚¨jeCIg®kevon@ . Ggraedklk'degI˙mesIµeFg EtyayeTogedkminsUvlk'eT . Kat'nwkq©l'Cab'Canicç nUv®Bwti†karNn_ ana´n®beTsExµr BIe®JHsÂgamk~¨g®beTsExµrdUceKelg «VyL¨kVyL» . Kat'rknwkeXIjeLIgvijfa etIBIExemsa1975dl'mkra79 etIGgkarGnamikeFI√GIx¬H ? Kat'eXIjfa GgkarKitEtBIsm¬ab'bMputBUCExµr GgkareFI√TaruNkmµ®Kb'Ebb®Kb'y\"ag Kity\"agNa[EtExµrs¬ab' . luHdl'Citcb'ebskkmµrbs'va GgkarEbrCabJÇa[sm¬ab'Exµr®khmnin~akarExµr EdlCa

GgkarCanrNa ? 275Xatkr®kumTI1 ®tUvs¬ab'´tehagGs'CagBIrmWun (20,000) nak' . m\"¥ageTotGgkarKitEtBIbMp¬aj dUec~H®beTsExµr®tUvvinashinehac k~¨geBlEdlGgkarmanC&yCMnH ehIyEdlyYnhaNUyvakJœk'Vny\"aggay KµancM-NayGI√TSgGs'BIC&yCMnHenH . Kat'nwkeXIjdl'ExµreyIgx¬HEdl®tLb'CaGrKuNyYn rhUtdl'eP¬ckarJrTwkdI sgÙwmjjwm[yYnhaNUymkkarJrCMnYs luH®taEtvinashinehac TSg®bCaCn TSg®TB¥sm∫ti†Gs'rlIgBInKr . revIrvaymkdl'®twmh~wg yayeTogE®sk®TehayMdUcmnusßqÁt . EtGarmµNe_ nAEtcgcSCanicç Kat'EtgEtelIk´dbn'®sn'vtƒ¨s&ki†siTiÏpgTSgBYg ®BmTSgviJÔaNk≈nÏExµrTSgbIlannak' EdlTTYlTaruNkmµrhUtdl'Vt'bg'CIvit [mkCYyENnSbMP¬Wkar®sav®Cavrbs'Kat' edIm∫I[Vndwgc∫as'BIåVyklrbs'yYnhaNUy EdlvatTIykTwkdI®beTsCitxagVnedaygay@y\"agenH ? Kat'cg'dwgedaypÊal'fa etIyYnhanUynwge®bIkll∫icy\"agNaeTAeTot edIm∫Ikan'kab'®tYt®ta®sukExµr[Vn®sbc∫ab'minxusc∫ab'Gn†rCati ? . q~Ssikßa1979-80 yayeTognSkUn®sIGgraeTAcuHeQµaHcUleronenAviT¥al&ys√ayeV\" . Kat'rnÏt'cit†≤tåbmaedayeXIjsaÂs†acar¥ nigsi-sßGg¨ysikßapÊal'dI . saÂs†acar¥Bit®Vkd x¬HEdllak'x¬ÁnenArs' k*sµ&®Kcit†cUlmkCYybe®gon eTaHman®Vk'ExCaGg˚rkMb\"ugGMbilkMb\"ugk*eday enAk~¨gkmµviFIsikßa eKeXIjmankarbJçËl®bvti†saÂs†d*cEm¬k@ edaybg≈MkUnsisßExµr[dwgKuNyYn BIe®JHyYncUlmk «CYy» ExµrGs'cMnYn3elIkrYcmkehIy ?!?! . yYnbJçËl®bvti†saÂs†Gacar¥emon[kUnExµrTTYlsal'favir:bursExµrTI1 EdlVneFI√BlikmµrMedaHTwkdIkmı¨CaBInwmVrSg .l. kmµviFI®bvti†saÂs†ExµrrebobenH vapʨynwgcMeNHdwgrbs'saÂs†acar¥nigkarBitTSg®sug . dUec~HehIysaÂs†acar¥Edlsal'kll∫icyYnCaevotmijkI† CaevotkugkI† minTTYlsal'kmµviFIenHeT . saÂs†acar¥Exµrdwgc∫as'faGacar¥emonCayYnbn¬MbYseronenA®sukExµrCacarburs[yYnhaNUy .sa®s†acar¥Exµrdwgfa KWbN†amkBIGacar¥emonenH‰gehIyEdleFI√[ExµrEbkVk'K~a ExµrecHc∫SgK~arhUtdl'sB√´f© . eBlenaHeTIbsaÂs†acar¥ExµrTSgGs'yl'fa ®kumehg-sMrin, hflun-Esn CaExµrGay\"gecjBI®bPBExµrevotmij eTIbyl'nUvkll∫ic®kLic®kL¨crbs'yYnhaNUyEdlecH

GgkarCanrNa ? 276sMrb…bnÊabx¬Ántam®Bwti†karNn_ anarbs'®beTsExµr rYceTIbEk´q~bEg√gdanm†gbni†c@ j¨Sg[®beTsExµrrlayTSgBUC rlayTSg®bvti†saÂs†˘˘˘ saÂs†acar¥TSgenaHGs'sgÙwmk*xßwbbbYlK~a cakecjecal®beTsExµrCahUrEhr ePosx¬ÁneTAkan'®beTs´f . cMENk‰yYnhaNUy kalebIvadwgfa ExµrG~kecHdwgrt'ecalTwkdITuk[vay\"agenH vae®tkGrCa´®kElg . vaEtgEt´llkykcMeNjBIelIExµrCanicçCakal . yayeTogq©l'Nas' edayeXIjsaÂs†acar¥nigkUnsisßExµrGg¨yeronpÊal'dI . TIbMputeTIbKat'nwkeXIjnUvJk¥mYyX¬aEdlyYnhaNUyeg√øg-va\"n'TijVnBn¥l'BYkKat'kalBI´f©28-2-48 EdleqI¬ynwgsMnYrrbs'yYneGogfa – « eBlNaeyIg (KWyYn) Vnkan'kab'nKrExµr ®TB¥sm∫ti†enAnKrExµrTukdUcCarbs'eyIgTSgGs' » . b\"uEn†cemI¬yrbs'taTijkaleNaH nigkicçkarGnuvt†nr_ bs'yYnhaNUyk~¨gbcç¨b∫n~enH vaEkT®mg'bni†c vaEk´q~bEg√gdan˘˘ emIlcuH ! ®TB¥sm∫ti†k~¨gmYynKrkmı¨Ca ®tUvGgkarKµanrUbKµanrag®bmUldwknSecjGs'rlIg eTIbyYnhaNUycUlmklukluyratt∫at®beTskmı¨Ca . dUec~Hs®tUvsYrBUCrbs'Exµr vaecHe®bIkll∫icy\"agxUcGsçar¥ vab¬n'®TB¥sm∫ti†rbs'ExµrVny\"agsÌat rkdanswgmineXIj . ❑❑ ❑ k~¨gExviciœka1979, em\"ag®bEhl3resol manbUdUymYy®kumK~a10 nak’beNI†rK~acUlkan’kUnxÊmrbs’yayeTog . enAeBlenaH®sab’EtmanbUdUysmm~ak’ Gayu®bEhl29q~Selatmk{byayeTog yMhIu@ ®BmTSg®Vb’fa « kMu[Kat’niyayPasayYn[esaH » . rYcehIyvagakeTAniyay®Vb’mit†@rbs’vafa – - xM∆¨minnwksµanfamIgeTogEbrCaF¬ak’x¬Án®krhamdl’f~ak’enHesaH e®JH

GgkarCanrNa ? 277kalBIedImKat’F¬ab’manmuxgarnig®TB¥sm∫ti†d*s†¨ks†m∏ ®bkbedaycit†s-b∫¨rs EtgEtCYyTuk≈Fur:G~k®kxßt’ Kat’minecH®bkan’BUCsasn_ . ®KYsarrbs’xM∆¨EtgEtsMuBwgmIgeTog dUcCasMuxIçluyeFI√edImTun rksIulk’®tI nigsMuBwgeFI√lixitepßg@sMrab’®KYsar nigsMrab’x¬Ánrbs’xM∆¨pÊal’edIm∫IeronsU®t .yYnenHbn†eTotfa – - kalBIq~S1970 xM∆¨GayuVn20q~S eronenAf~ak’TIbJçb’´nviT¥al&y®BHmunIvgß . manVtukmµmYyEdleKfakUnsisßExµrCaG~kbegI˚t . BYkVtukrvayyYn . kaleNaH“BukxM∆¨P&yNas’ e®JHKat’CayYnhaNUy nigCacarbursrbs’evotmij ( kaleNaHyayeTogminVndwgTal’EtesaHfa®KYsaryYnenHCacarCnrbs’evotmijeLIy ) Kat’k*nS®KYsarrt’mk®CkBYnk~¨g®sHeKakmYyenAxage®kaypÊHmIgeTogenH . BYkeyIgVnmIgeTogcat’Ecgpt’pg’VyTwkm˙ËbcMNIy”ag®Kb’®Kan’ . rYcBIh~wgmkeTot “BukxM∆¨sMuBwgmIgeTogCYyeFI√Gn†raKmnC_ amYytMNagyYnenAext†Vt’dMbg edIm∫IsMueFI√matuPUminivt†ne_ TAkan’®beTsevotNamvij . edaysarkarCYyx~HEx~gBImIgeTog ®KYsarrbs’xM∆¨VneTArs’enAext†cUdukrhUtmk . dUec~HxM∆¨eKarBnig®sLaj’mIgeTogdUcm†ayxM∆¨begI˚t . kMBugEt®sLSgkSgq©l’fa ehtuGIk*yYnbUdUyenHsal’Kat’c∫as’em\"¬H,ehtuem\"ck*vaniyayExµrc∫as'em\"¬H ? vak*EbrmksYrKat'fa – - mIg ! etImIgsal'xM∆¨eT ? xM∆¨eQµaHvij-Kimelog CakUnTImYyrbs'vij -va\"n'Lag nigyayeL-FIj\"ag . eBlenaHvak*hucsMbu®tmYy[yayeTog ®BmTSgniyayfa – - enHCasMbu®trbs'“Bukm†ayxM∆¨EdlepI∆mkxM∆¨BIcUdukmk . yayeTogTTYlsMbu®tmkGan – - taLagsresrmk®Vb'elog cUrkUnxM®sav®Cavrk®KYsaryayeTogNa± BIe®JHmIgeTogmanåbkarKuNd*xıg'xıs'bMputdl'®KYsarvij˘˘˘ eBlenaHyayeTogk*elat{belog rYccab'epI†msYrsuTTuk≈eTAvijeTAmky\"age®cIn . KWedaysarkarsnÊnaenH yayeTotGacdwgfa BIq~S1970eTA1971 GaNikCnCatiyYneFI√matuPUminivt†ne_ TA®sukyYn mancMnYnTSgG-s'mYyEsn (100,000) nak' . eq¬øt{kasenaH evotkugsMrSge®CIserIsyuvCnyYn ecHPasanigGkßrExµry\"age®CA®CHc∫as'las' dwknSykeTAkan'EdndIrMedaH rYcvabJçËl[cUlsalaeyaFa . eBlenaHmanyuvCnGaNik-

GgkarCanrNa ? 278CnyYnCae®cInJn'nak'sµ&®Kcit†bMerIevotkug . e®JHevotkugsn¥afa eBlNahat'h√wkh√WnecHcb' vabMJk'[eLIgCas&ki†mYy b\"uEn†®tUvdak'eQµaHCaExµrTSgGs' . vij-Kwmelogk*®tUvdUreQµaHmkmit†L¨cvij . bnÊab'BIVnJk's&ki†mYyehIy yYnhaNUyk*bJÇËnyuvCnyYnTSgenaH [mkvayExµrl-n'-nl' . yuvCnTSgenaHeFI√edaysµ&®Kcit† e®JHva®tUvcMbMNulsgswk EdlkalenACMnan'rdΩaPiVlsaFarNrdΩ ln'-nl'VnekNÎkUnsisß[eFI√VtukmµvayGaNikCnyYnEdlCaEm\"“va . mit†L¨cbJÇak'fa enAcugq~S19-73 yYnhaNUybJÇËnExµrEk¬gk¬ayrebobenHmancMnYnbIJn'nak' cUlkan'ext†mNÎlKIrI siƒtenAk~¨g´®Be®CA@ rYccat'bJÇËn[eFI√emkan'k†ab'eyaFaExµr®khmCalMdab'lMeday . VnesckI†famkCMnYsbUdUy kMeTcExµrln'-nl'teTAeTot . yayeTogniyayeTAkan'elogfa – - xM∆¨dwgfa k~¨gq~S1973 bUdUysMulaExµr®khmvil®tLb'eTAevotNamvijehIyetI . elog®KvIk∫alehIyeqI¬yeLIgfa – - mIgeGIy ! enHCakll∫icrbs'evotkugeTetI . vadwgcMNucexßayrbs'®kumxM∆¨ duHcit†KMnitsgswkcMeJHExµr . vak*bMJk's&ki†mYy[ rYcj¨Hjg'beJÇar®kumxM∆¨eFI√CaExµr edIm∫IbMP&n†mtieyaFaExµr®khml©g'@ rYcbJÇa[®kumxM∆¨dwknSeyaFaExµr®khm®sLaj'sem†c“kMeTcExµrln'-nl'CMnYsva . elogbn†eTotfa – - manbUdUymYyPaKtUceKarBvin&yVny\"ag®twm®tUvtamlk≈N: eTIbVnvil®tLb'eTAkan'®beTsevotNam . cMENkbUdUyEdlminTan'VnbMeBjkrNiykicçtamlk≈&N enAmancMnYn170,000nak'eTot EdlsB√´f©va®Kan'EtfyeTABYnlak'x¬Án edksIusMrakk~¨g´®Be®CA@ …tambeN†ay®BWEdnExµr-yYn-lav . vae®tomx¬ÁnCanicçnigecjbJÇa . elogbn† – - erOgmYyeTotEdlCaerOgsm©at'KWmanp¬Ëvsm©at'mYysMrab'cUlmk®b-eTsExµrVny\"agelOnTan'cit†kat'tam®beTslavnig®beTs´f tamrUgP~MdgErk . ebImanCnCatiExµrCabUdUy sal'mUldΩanenH ehIymanGayu36q~S vasm¬ab'ecalP¬am edaymineF√s®bEhs[EbkkarNv_ aeLIy .l.elogbn†eTAeTotfa – - cMENk®kumxM∆¨k*®tUvcaj'eVkevotkugy\"agF©n' KW®tUveFI√CaExµr rYcdwknSeyaFaExµr®khmbn†sÂgamCMnYsva . ≤LËvBYkxM∆¨®tUvs¬ab'swgTSgGs' TMrS

GgkarCanrNa ? 279dwgx¬Ánfacaj'eVkva yWteBlNas'eTAehIy . mIgemIlcuH s&ki†Jk'elIsµaVnEtF©n' sB√´f©sIuVyval'EckCamYyEtpIÊr …®tkYnes©arbg'GMbil .vin&ytwgNas'erIx¬ÁnminrYc . sB√´f©xM∆¨kan'k†ab'mUldΩansm©at'mYyenA´b\"linmanEts√aCamit† .l. nig .l. eBlenaH elog{bsMulayayeTog®BmTSg®Vb'fa – - xM∆¨mankare®cInCMrabmIg EsÌkenHxM∆¨lYcmkCYbmIgEtm~ak'‰g˘˘˘. eBlelogecjputeTA yayeTogGg¨yjjwme®tkGrCa´®kElg .Kat'sgÙwmfa eKalbMNgrbs'Kat'muxCamanBnW¬x¬H@Caminxan . EsÌkeLIgeBl®Blwm Kat'erobcMVyTwkcSTTYlelog . em\"ag10elogmkdl'lµm . eBlVyTl'muxK~aenH elogGFib∫ayEvkEjknUvkll∫icyYnha-NUy EdlerobcMelbTwkdIkmı¨Ca manlMnSdUcK~anwgGtƒaFib∫ayrbs'taGagEdr . yayeTogk*sYreTAelogfa – - etIGtItExµrevotmijmane®cIn…tic ? - mancMnYn®bEhl2mWunnak' EdlmanemdwknSCayYnlYcbn¬MeFI√ExµrehIyTSgGs'K~ae®bIyIehaExµr®khm dUcman®kumxM∆¨CaåTahrN_ . - etIExµr®khmTSgenaHdwg…eTfa manbUdUyy\"age®cIne®tomx¬ÁnenAJseBj´®B´n®beTsExµr ? . - erOgbUdUysMNak'enAJseBj´®B´n®beTsExµrenaH KWCaerOg®tUvr\"UvK~aeTetI ! BIe®JHExµr®khmnin~akaryYneFI√kartamyYnTSgGs' elIkElgEtExµr®khmEdl®sLaj'sem†c“cMnYn4mWunnak'ecj EdlGgkarlak'min[dwgCadac'xat . ®Kb'eBl ®kumGtItExµrevotmij man®kumxM∆¨CaedIm ®tUveTATTYlbJÇakarBIyYnhaNUy eKniyayfa®tUveTAeronsU®tenAGgkarelI .dUec~HeyaFaExµr®khmTSgGs'enaHmindwgfaecAh√ayrbs'x¬ÁnCaxM∆¨kJÇHyYnhaNUyeLIy . erOgenH®tUvlak'[Cit åTahrNd_ UcCaxM∆¨eBlenH ®tUvkan'k†ab'eyaFa300nak' eK[xM∆¨pwkTwksm∫f xM∆¨®tUvlak'karN[_ Cit xM∆¨®tUvPr®Vb'eyaFaTSgenaHfa xM∆¨CaExµreQµaHmit†L¨c . yayeTogsm¬wgmuxelogmYysnʨH rYck*sYrfa – - etIbkßExµr®khmrbs'exov-sMpn y\"agem\"ceTAvij ? elogQb'®Twgy\"agyUrrebobnwkeTIbeqI¬yfa – - ®kumenHdUcCaKµanbeJçjskmµPaBGI√sMxan'eT . eKxßibexßøvrebobeBb®Cayfa CabkßExµr®khmbJÔv&n† . e®JHmit†TSgenaHPaKe®cInCaG~kecH

GgkarCanrNa ? 280dwge®CA®CH . Ggkar®tUvEtelIkdMekIgbkßExµr®khmrbs'exov-sMpn b-eJÇare®bImYyry:sin GgkarelIkTwkcit† rYcj¨Hjg'BIe®kayx~g bJÇaeyaFaExµr®khm[mankm¬SgkMeTcExµrln'-nl' TukeBl[yYnsMraksin . cM-ENk‰emdwknSExµr®khmEdlCabJÔv&n† mankareF√s®bEhsedayeXIjmaneyaFa®sLaj'sem†c“TSgbYnmWunnak'erobcMVn®twm®tUv s√ahab' k¬a-han k*manesckI†sgÙwmfa eBlNaExµr®khmdeN†ImVnC&yCMnHBIExµrln'-nl' eyaFaTSgenaHGackarJr®beTsCatiVny\"aggay . luHdl'´f©17-4-75 Exµr®khmTTYl «C&yCMnH» d*FMeFg ®sab'EtembJÇakarCaGgkarGnamikeTAvij . enAeBlenaH GgkarecjbJÇaCadac'Nat' hamdl'eyaFaExµr®khmTSg4mWunnak'enaH ®BmTSg®kumxM∆¨CayYnbn¬MeFI√CaExµr min[CYb®bCaCnfIµeLIy . Ggkar®Vb'fa ®tUvsMrakykkm¬SgeTAvayyYn edIm∫I «rMedaHTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kam » . luH®bmUleyaFaTukmYyGenI¬ GgkarbeJçjXatkrGaf·kMVMgy\"age®cInelIslb' mkB&TÏVj'sm¬ab'bkßExµr®khmnin~akarExµrCae®cInelIke®cInsar eXIjEtexµacedks¬ab'enAJseBj ´®B .yayeTogsYrfa – - etIbkßExµr®khmrbs'exov-sMpnKµaneyaFakarJreT… ? - mit†TSgenaHmaneyaFakarJrtam®kum@Edr b\"uEn†Ggkarcat'karsm¬ab'y\"ags©at'bMput minbeN†ay[errx¬ÁnTan'eLIy sUm∫IEtxM∆¨k*xM∆¨mindwgehtuplTal'EtesaH . manerOgcEm¬kmYyEdlxM∆¨VneXIjpÊal'EP~kBIkarkab'sm¬ab'enH – enAcugq~S1973 evotkugkMBuge®bIkll∫icsMulaExµr®khmfyecjeTAsMrak rYc´q~sÂgamk~¨g®beTsExµr[eTACasÂgamrvagExµrnigExµr .enAeBlenaHyYnhaNUybJÇËnExµrmYy®kumcMnYn3Jn'nak' mkBIhaNUyx¬HmkBIeb\"kSgx¬H mkbn†sÂgamCMnYsva . yYnhaNUybJÇa[®kumExµreTIbmkdl'enH dwknSeyaFaExµr®khmkMeTcExµrln'-nl' . ®kumenHtva\"®bqSgCadac'xatfa – erOgExµrsMuTuk[ExµredaH®say KWExµrsMusMruHsMrYledaykarcrca min®tUvbg˙ËrQamrvagExµrnigExµreLIy . yYnhaNUyP∆ak'edayeXIj®kumenHk∫alrwg minelattamExßjak'rbs'va hflan®bqSgnwgbJÇarbs'va va®tUvTal'®ck . vak*p¬as'EpnkarNP_ ¬am .e®JHyYnhaNUymanTIGag KWman®kumbI†®bBnÏb\"ul-BtCaemdwknS nigman®kumExµrCae®cInJn'nak'CaCatiyYnEdlecHsresr Gan PasaExµrdUcExµr ®kumxM∆¨GacbnM¬eFI√CaExµrKµaneyaFaNaGacsal'fa®kumxM∆¨CayYneT . cMENk‰

GgkarCanrNa ? 281ExµrEdleTIbnwgmkBIeb\"kSgnighaNUyenaH niyayPasaExµrBiVks†ab'xM∆¨s†ab'swgminVn . mUlehtuenHyYnhaNUyk*Bie®KaHCamYyb\"ul-BtpÊal' . ®sab'Etb\"ul-BtecjbJÇa[sU-Pwm CaXatkr´ds†Srbs'va [dwknSXatkrGaf·kMVMgmYy®kumedIrtamB&TÏVj'®kumExµr®khm EdlmkBIeb\"kSgnighaNUyenaH sm¬ab'ecalswgGs'rlIg . mIgdwgeT enAkmı¨CakN†alq~S1954 evotmijnSkUnExµreTAhaNUycMnYn1Jn'nak' . ≤LËvenHenAsl'Et55nak'Etb\"ueNˆaH enAeFI√kark~¨gv®kbx&NÎCasmaCikbkß®bCaCnbdivt†n_Exµr ( KWGtItExµrevotmij ) . cMENksU-Pwm e®kayBIcat'karsm¬ab'ExµrmkBIeb\"kSgnighaNUyrYcehIy k*®tUvGgkarbJÇa[eKsm¬ab'ecal edIm∫IbMVt'Ps†¨tag . yayeTogs†ab'mkdl'®twmh~wg Kat'f©Ërfa – - {eTvtaeGIy ! yYnhaNUysni~dΩanCIvitraÂs†ExµrdUcst√kN†¨rkU´bsMrab'sakl∫gl∫icklrbs'va edIm∫IvatTIelbTwkdIExµr . ebIeXIjExµrNasIueCar dUcCaehg-sMrin, Ca-swum, hflun-Esn CaedIm˘˘˘ vaTuke®bIsinebIeXIjExµrNae®bIkarElgekItehIy vasm¬ab'ecalP¬am . dUcCaenAk~¨gbcç¨b∫n~rbbrbs'ehg-sMrinGJçwg ebIeXIjfaExµrGay\"ge®bIkarElgekIt…k*edIrp¬ËvxusBIExßjak'rbs'cit†va ExµrtSgenaH®tUvVt'x¬ÁnP¬am manecAh√ayext†esomrab nigecAh√ayext†Vt'dMbg Lay-sam\"un CaedIm . - GJçwgEmnehIy mIg ! - em\"cVnCakµÁyGacmkdl'TI®kugVt'dMbg ? elogniyaybn†eLIgfa – - enAk~¨gExtulaq~S1978, GgkarbMEbkeyaFaecjBIxM∆¨ edIm∫I®bmUlbJÇËneTA «vayyYnrMedaHTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kam» . cMENkxM∆¨ GgkarbMJk's&ki†bI rYcbJÇËnxM∆¨mkkan'ext†´b\"lin cat'EtgtSgxM∆¨CaembJÇakarelI®kumeyaFaExµr®khm sµ&®Kcit†kMeTcs&ki†PUminigc®kBti†vij . k~¨gExmkra1979 xM∆¨k*VnCYbeyaFaTSgenaH eTIbxM∆¨dwgfaeyaFaExµr®khmEdl®sLaj'sem†c“ Edlsµ&®Kcit†eTA « rMedaHTwkdIkmı¨Cae®kam » enaH EbrCaedIrcUlGnÊak'Exße®tomrbs'bUdUy ®tUvbUdUysm¬ab'ecalexÊcenAcugExF~Ëq~S1978 . s†ab'mkdl'®twmh~wg yayeTogsm¬wgmuxelogmYysnʨHeTIbniyayfa – - GJçwgkµÁyelogCaemExµr®khmeTetI ! elogjjwmGEgÌlx~gyayeTogehIyeqI¬yfa –

GgkarCanrNa ? 282 - VTmIg ! xM∆¨CaemExµr®khmEmn . BIq~S1973dl'1978 xM∆¨CaemeyaFaExµr®khm®sLaj'sem†c“ sµ&®Kcit†kMeTcExµrln'-nl' . ≤LËvenHxM∆¨Caemkan'k†ab'eyaFaExµr®khmsµ&®Kcit†kMeTcski†PUminigc®kBti†vijenAext†´b\"line®kambJÇakarrbs'lµ¨t EdlE®beQµaHBIb\"ul-Bt . xM∆¨ekItCm©W®Kuncaj'QWCits¬ab' eTIbbUdUydwkxM∆¨mkedkeBT¥enAVt'dMbgenH . yayeTogs†ab'dl'®twmh~wg Kat'mankarQWcab'swgKSgebHdUg ehI-ynwkk~¨gcit†fa yYnhaNUyecHe®bIkll∫icedaybMEbkExµrCa®kum@ rYcj¨Hjg'[hk'elatsm¬ab'EtCatirbs'‰g . eBlenaHyayeTogrksYrsMnYrteTAeTotElgeXIj, elogGEgÌlx~gyayeTog®BmTSgniyayfa – - xM∆¨KµanTukcit†yYnhaNUyeT, xM∆¨mkCYbmIgKWcg'sYrdMNwgBIp¬Ëv edIm∫Irt'eTAkan'®beTs´f . yayeTogsÊak'esIÊrmYysnʨH eTIbeqI¬yy\"agxI¬fa – - mIgKµanbMNgrt'ecal®sukeT dUec~HmIgminsal' mindwgTal'EtesaH - sUmmIgTukcit†xM∆¨cuH BitEmnEtxM∆¨CakUnyYn b\"uEn†tSgBIekItmk xM∆¨rs'enAEtCamYyExµr eronsU®tEtCamYy®KUExµr BYkm\"akrbs'xM∆¨k*CaExµr xM∆¨sal'c∫as'nUvsb∫¨rsFm· sIlFm· suPaBs¬ËtbUt nigPaBs~iTÏs~al´nbgbÌËnExµr dUcmIgCaKMrU . xM∆¨s†ay®beTsExµrrksIuedayesrI CaBiessEdndITUlMTUlay .enAeBlxM∆¨minTan'cakecjBI®beTsExµr xM∆¨mindwgminsal't´m¬enHeT .EtenAeBlEdlxM∆¨eTAdl'®beTsyYn eTIbxM∆¨P¬ak' e®JH®sukyYn – TI1- EdndIEsncegÌøt TI2- Ep~kneyaVyEsn®kLic®kL¨ceVk®Vs' ´q~®bDitEtsÂgamedIm∫Iratt∫at®beTsCitxag . va´q~®bDityuvCnyYn[bn¬MeFI√CaExµr rYcruj®can[cUlmksm¬ab'bMputBUCExµr . s†ayeGIyEsns†ay ! b\"uEn†yWteBleTAehIy ! eNI˙ycuH ! sµ&®Kcit†eFI√CaExµr dak'eQµaHExµrbn¬MeFI√CaemeyaFaExµr®khmnwgeKcuH edIm∫I[Vnvil®tLb'mkkan'®beTsExµrvij . luHcuHCaemeyaFarYcehIy x¬ÁnxM∆¨dUcCa®tIEdlCab'Cuc BIe®JHvin&ytwgEtgNas' erIx¬ÁnminrYceT . s&ki†Jk'elIsµa®Kan'Et[F©n'eT . k~¨gry:eBlcMnYn7q~S xM∆¨j¨SVyrYmval'EckCamYyEtpÊIr …®tkYnes©arbg'GMbil enAk~¨g´®B minVndwgfa ®TB¥sm∫ti†k~¨g®beTsExµr®tUvvinashinehacdl'f~ak'h~wgeT . KWenAeBlEdl

GgkarCanrNa ? 283xM∆¨QW®Kuncaj'Cits¬ab' eTIbbUdUydwkmkedkB¥aVlenAmnIÊreBT¥FMVt'dM-bg . luHVnCa®Kan'ebI xM∆¨k*edIremIlTI®kugVt'dMbg . xM∆¨P∆ak's¬¨tcit†m†geTot edayeXIjVt'dMbgVnk¬ayeTACa «TI®kugexµac» eTAehIy . dUec~HxM∆¨sMerccit†edIrrkmIg . eBlmkCYbnwgeXIjsƒanPaBrs'enArbs'mIg xM∆¨rnÏt's¬¨tcit†d*Gsçar¥ swgmineCOEP~kEdlVneXIj ! minKYrmIgF¬ak'x¬Án®krhamdl'f~ak'h~wgesaH ! minKYr®Jt'®Vs'®KYsarGs'rlIgminTMngy\"agh~wgeT !dUec~HsUmmIgsMerccit†ePosx¬ÁneTAkan'®beTs´fCamYyxM∆¨eTA . eBlenaHyayeTogmineqI¬ynwgsMeNIrrbs'elogfa y\"agem\"ceT .Kat'EbrCasYrelogfa – - ehtuem\"cBImßilmijhammIgmin[niyayPasayYn ? - erOgenHGaf·kMVMgNas' xM∆¨x¬acbUdUyEdlmkCamYyxM∆¨sgß&yfamIgCayYn e®JHmanc∫ab'Casm©at'bMputfa – « ®tUvEtsm¬ab'GaNikCnyYn EdleKcmin®BmeTAtamevotkugBIq~S1975ecalTSgGs' » . yayeTog®s´mnwkeXIjKYr[P&yjak'sac'˘˘˘ yIeGI ! ehtuGIVnCaeTA®Vb'bUdUymun@ fax¬Án‰gCayYnGJçwg ? yayeTogsYrelogeTotfa – - nrNadwknSExµr®khmnirtI ? - KWyYnCaemdwknS . ®kumenHecjmkBI®bPBkgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFbdivt†n‰_ kPaBrbs'kmı¨Ca EdlhU-CImijbJÇa[eg√øg-yuSgemogbegI˚tenA´f©TI19-6-1951 rYccat'EtgtSgTU-samutCaembJÇakar . enAq~S1963 TU-samut®tUveKsm¬ab' hU-CImijbJÇa[pam-va\"n'Vcat'EtgtSgb\"ul-Bty\"ags©at' eLIgCMnYsCaembJÇakarvij . BIq~S1970dl'q~S1975 kgkm¬SgenHrYbrYmkm¬SgCamYybUdUy vaykMeTcExµrln'-nl' E®beQµaHCakgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFbdivt†ne_ s~haCatikmı¨Ca EdlmanbflU-fgCaembJÇakar . elogbJÇak'fa k~¨gry:3q~S Ggkarjak'EtExßExµr®khmEdlCaGtItecar elatsm¬ab'Exµrvk'vInS[G~kEdlesssl'enArs'Vk's∫atQb'hflankMerIk . enAcugq~S1977 eTIbGgkarbJÇËnkgkm¬Sg®bdab'GavuFbdivt†n‰_ kPaBrbs'kmı¨Ca[ecjmklukluy®beTsExµrvij edaydak'eQµaHfaCa®kumExµr®khmnirtI . ❑❑ ❑

GgkarCanrNa ? 284 et®I kmu Exrµ ®khmnri t®I tvU eFG√I x√I H¬ ? Parkicç®kumenHKW®tUvsm¬ab'Exµr®khm EdlekItmkBIecarEdlGgkarcat'EtgtSgCaQ¬bnigKNkmµkarkg . ®kumenHmanParkicçCaBiessm\"¥ageTot KW®tUvdak'f~SbMBulk~¨g « nMbJç¨kTwksm¬Exµr » edIm∫Ism¬ab'bMputBUCExµrCacugbegI˙y . EtCa´cdn¥ vaykkarNd_ wgfa elaksWn-sankMBugTak'Tg®beTsGg'eK¬snig´f edIm∫IerobcMbegI˚trN:sirßmYyeQµaHrNsirßCatirMedaH®b-CaBlrdΩExµr ( r˘C˘r˘b˘x ) . yYnhaNUydwgfa ebIrN:sirßenHekIteLIgVnCasƒaBr kgT&BnwgGacrMedaHTwkdIkmı¨CaVny\"aggay . ehtuenHyYnhaNUyk*p¬as'EpnkarP¬am edaybMVt'eQµaHGgkar ehIybeJçjbUdUysµ&®Kcit†BI´®B[Tan'eBlevlarYcE®skekÌgkÌagfa bUdUysµ&®Kcit†bUCasac'QammkkMcat'Exµr®khmedIm∫ICYyExµr . edIm∫IbMP&n†mtiBiPBelak, mtiGn†rCatinigmtiraÂs†ExµrTUeTA yYnhaNUyk*bJÇËnb\"ul-Bt EdlCacarkicçBiessrbs'va [eTAsMrakenAeb\"kSgeFI√CaG~kcaj'eFI√®BegIy . vaelIkbn†¨b®kumehg-sMrin, hflun-Esn, Ca-swumeFI√CaG~kQ~H . karBitb\"ul-BtkI†, ®kumehg-sMrinkI† CaGay\"ghaNUydUcEtK~a . emIlcuH ! tSgBIq~S1970dl'q~S1978 TSgGs'K~aenHrYm´dCamYybUdU-ysm¬ab'ExµrCamças'TwkdIkmı¨CaBit@d*s¬Ët®tg'vIvk' . kaleNaHehg-sMrinmangarCavr:esniy‰kdwknSkgBlFMelx6enAPUmiPaKbUJ· . luHVns†ab'Jk¥eBcnr_ bs'h√ij-KimelogEdlCakUnh√ij-va\"n'LSgcarCnrbs'yYnhaNUy®bcSext†Vt'dMbgcb'sB√®Kb'mk eTIbyayeTogsni~dΩanfa bursenH®tUvyYnhaNUybg≈M[bn¬Mx¬ÁnCaExµrdak'eQµaHfa mit†L¨c Jk's&ki†3 Caemkan'k†ab'eyaFaExµr®khmnin~akaryYn . Kat'Qb'sgß&yehIyk*yl'fa – yYnhaNUyCaGgkarGnamiky\"agBit®Vkd . eBlenaHyayeTogmankarQWcab'y\"ag´®kElg Kat'®sk'TwkEP~ke®cak@ nwks†aybI† bÌËn@ kµÁy@ kUn@ nigbgbÌËnrYmCatiExµrEdl®tUvGgkarsm¬a

GgkarCanrNa ? 285b'ecalGs'cMnYn3lannak' KµanVnt´dCamYyxµSgTal'EtesaH . s†ayNas' ! ebIdwgfayYnhaNUyCaemXatkr em\"¬HExµreyIgminenAes©øm{b´dy\"agdUec~HeT ! . kaleNaHraÂs†ExµrPaKe®cInyl'®cLMsµan@faExµr sIhnuc∫SgCamYyExµrln'-nl' eTIbbbYlK~adak'GavuFcuH edaymincg'bg˙ËrQamrvagExµrnigExµrCabgbÌËn˘˘˘ h√ij-KImelog EbrmksMBHsMulamIgeTogeTAvij . ❑❑ ❑ etGI k~ Na®tvU TTlY khM su enAceM JH mxu vbi te†i nH ? CvI ti knU Exrµ rabl' annak®' tvU rge®KaHsa¬ be' nAe®kamTarNu kmrµ bsG' gk aredaymni Tand' gw xnÁ¬ pgfa mankhM su GeI nAeLyI eT . Gk~ dkw nSExrµ TSgGsE' dlVncaje' Vkcni ngi ynY haNyU Edlb-eNa† y[Exrµ rvlE' tyl®' cLmM ni ecHcbm' ni ecHehyI rhtU dlG' sC' vI tirabl' annake' nH ®tvU TTlY khM su TSg®sgu . e®JHBkY xnÁ¬ VnbeNa† ysaƒnkarN[_ Fa¬ kd' nu dabmkdlf' a~ kh' gw~ . KBW kY Gse' lak®tvU hafl nTTlY sarPaB ehyI rkmeF¥aVyedaH®saycNM gdt* gw enH edmI ∫rI eM daH®beTskmC¨ı aBkI Na† b´' dynY mkvji . ebmI ni deU ca~ HeT ®bvts†i aÂsn† gw carTku fa KGW s'elakTSgenHehyI Edldkw nS®beTs[Fa¬ kd' lr' eNA† mrN: e®kamcgmË˚mcr¨ç aCrbsy' nY haNyU ngi brvi arrbsv' a KEW xrµ Gayg\" . eBlenaHyayeTogGgy¨ qgw˚ Elgdgw xnÁ¬ edaymkBkI arQcW ku cab' .KmW kBkI arQcW ku cabe' nHehyI EdlCrM ju yayeTog[x®M sav®Cav cg®kgk®M mg‰ksarenH . enAedmI ExFqË~ S~ 1979 elogmkCbY yayeTogmg† eTot . tSgBrI nak'Qrmxu knU xmÊ . elognyi ayxßbw @fa –

GgkarCanrNa ? 286 - ebmI gI mni ePosxnÁ¬ eTAkan®' beTs´feT xc¨∆M gC' nU mgI eTAenACamyY ma† -yrbsx' ‰¨∆M cdU ku e®JHenA®beTsExrµ sÂga mngw pH¨Ê elgI rSu ´rKaµ nTbI Jbç e' T .yayeTogsrY elogfa – - etsI Âga mpH¨Ê eLgI rvagnrNangi nrNa ? . elogcab´' dmgI eTogkan®' BmTSgEvkEjkfa – - tamEdlxV¨∆M ndgw ynY haNyU begt˚I Cae®scnvU KbU dbi kßkg¨~ ®skukg¨~ T®I kgu kg¨~ T®I bCCuM n . vadtu ´ddtu eCgI begt˚I «®kmu kmu arQanmxu » Ed-lmanmxu naT®I tvU EtkeM TcExrµ ®khmenAkg¨~ dNM akk' arCadbM gU . - cEM NkenAkg¨~ ´®B‰eNaH BkY eyaFaExrµ ®khmnni a~ karynY kt* Sgm-UldaΩ nenAkEng¬ case' LgI vji . dNM akk' arCadbM gU rbsv' aenHKW ®tvU keM TcskP†i mU ni ci ®kBt†i e®kambJaÇ karrbse' Qaµ Hlt¨µ EdlCaeQaµ HbnBM¬ eI Qaµ Hbu\"l-Bt bnBM¬ sI aLt¨ -sr TSgsacT' SgQam . - cEM Nke®kA®beTs‰eNaH elaksnW -sankBM gu begt˚I rNsri ßrCrbx . sa† bd' l®' tmw hgw~ yayeTogmanTkw mxu stÁ© Kate' qy¬I ya\" gxfI¬ a – - x®¨∆M tvU EtenAkg¨~ ®sku sni rgc' SdNM gw knU ®bsu 3nake' Tot . elogks* MBHmgI eTogeTAvji ˘˘˘. enAcgu ExF1Ë~ 979 ema\" g®bEhlCa5la© c elogmkCbY mgI eTogCacgu e®kaybgsÌ ' sBM HsluM amgI eTogePosxnÁ¬ eTAkan®' beTs´f . mnu ngw EbkKa~ enH elog{bmgI eTogy®M BmTSgpS† fa – - mgI ! skuM cuM lU eFk√I arbeM ryI nY [esaHNa± ! e®JHvakBM gu esbuI rkGk~ NaEdlCaGttI Gk~ rdkΩ ardcU CamgI GJgwç . m¥\" ageTotva®bmlU ®kmu Exrµ ®khmnirtI nSykmkbJM kG' avFu [eLgI vji eTot catE' tgtSgCaQb¬ JseBj®b-eTsExrµ dEdl . deU cH~ smU mgI ®byt& ~ . ebeI XjI fangw mane®KaHfa~ k' smUmgI rte' PosxnÁ¬ Ca®bjab˘' ˘˘. elogpS† mgI eTogsB®√ Kbe' hyI ky* {M ssBM HsluM aCacgu e®kaybgsÌ 'rcY kb* eNr†I BkY ma\" kBrI nakC' abdU yU ynY xagt∫gË kg¨~ eKalbNM gePosxnÁ¬ eTAkan®' B®M bTl´' n®beTs´f . kng¬ ptu mkCagknH¬ Ex yayeTogVnTTlY dNM gw dG* ksu lfa elogngi mti B† rI nake' naH ®tvU bdU yU tamdanTane' nAkNa† lval B®I sku ssuI pU nu eTAkanP' mU ni mi tiµ rcY bdU yU Vjs' ma¬ be' caleTAehyI . elogsa¬ bV' te' TAEmn bEu\" nJ† k¥sdM rI bse' logenAærgkM g¨~ ®tecok rbsy' ayeTogCabC' anci ç ehyI EdlKaty' lf' a®tvU EtCrM abbgbnËÌ Exrµ TSgG-

GgkarCanrNa ? 287sn' gi mtsi klelak[Vndgw BeI rOgenH ‰kareCO…mni eCOenaHvae®scenAelkI arvni ci y&œ rbsG' k~ GaneTAcHu . ❑❑ ❑ynY haNyU e®beI sø~ tvayTkw kcM ay®tI ®Blmw ´fT© 9I mkra1980 yayeToge®kaklnU ecjBbI nbÊ b' gn ' . Beu TaÏeGyI ! ®sabE' teXjI bgbnËÌ Exrµ EdlsNM ake' nAEk∫r@Kat' kBM gu Et®bmlUKK~I a~ cakecjecalTkw deI TAkan®' beTs´f . yayeTogQr®Tgw Pkw¬ xnÁ¬®saldcU sLM I emlI k∫nÁ mnsu ßEdledrI katx' mÊ rbsK' at' dcU eKEhrkzni .eBlenaHæsemg¬ ehAya\" g®salBeI ®kayxg~ – - mgI ! KeW laksaÂsa† car¥Kmw -enOg CakyÁµ mkbblY mgI eTogrtc' akecjeca-lkmC¨ı a . elakenOg®Vbm' gI eTogfa – - ybm' ji manecarCae®cnI ®kmu GavFu ®Kb´' dedrI bn¬ ' . vacabc' gGk~ rge®KaH rcY vaGarkbnc†i mg† @ keM jjI rkmaseB®C . man[kv* asma¬ b' Kaµ n[k*vasma¬ b' . ehyI TrM Sngw sa¬ b' KsW a¬ by' a\" gEsbevTnaCaTbI pM tu . ®s@I ExrµeTaHmni Tan®' Kbk' arke* day kv* acabG' sU nSykeTAreM laP rcY vasma¬ be' calPa¬ m . enAeBlEdlCnrge®KaHrte' TAbgw† ®ksgY sns†i xu eFe√I saHGegyI Kaµ neGeI BeI LyI . ≤LvË bgbnËÌ Exrµ Gss' gÙmw Kaµ nTBI gw e®JHnKrkmC¨ı aCanKrrbse' careTAehyI . Gk~ TSgGsk' b* blY Ka~ rte' cjecal®sku . eBlenaHyayeTogstÁ© bBM gk' mni Gaceqy¬I faeTA…ke* TVneLyI . TSgBrI nakm' gI kyÁµ Qrsmgw¬ mxu Ka~ ya\" gyrU eTbI elakenOg{bma† ymgI TSgTkw EPk~ rlgI relagrcYsBM HsluM aecjeTA˘˘˘. mgI ngi kyÁµ kE* bkKa~ cabt' SgBeI BlenaHrhtU mk . ❑

GgkarCanrNa ? 288 kg¨~ Exkmu :∏ qS~ 1980 mansk& 3†i evotkgu ma~ ke' Qaµ Hlkw edrI ya\" gelOnclUmkCbY mgI eTog sKuM atC' yY rkeharTay . yayeTogkn* SKate' TACbY yayeharma~ k' ehyI cSCyY bkE®bPasaynY -Exrµ . eBlenaH lkw srY yayeharfa eteI nAqS~ T1I 0vaGacCabe' lxVnvli ®tLbe' TAhaNyU vji …eT ? . lkw ray\" ra\" bf' a vaerobkar®bBntÏ SgBcI gu qS~ 1969, vakarrcY EtbnY Ex k®* tUvEbkKa~ rhtU e®JHva®tvU beM Bjkrnyi kci mç kkan®' beTsExrµ Caemkank' a† b'bdU yU kg¨~ qS~ 1970 . eBlenaHyayeharGgy¨ sgwµ saµ F emlI vasnalkw . Kate' mlI eXjIGBM GI ttI kalrbsl' kw ya\" ge®cnI . Katn' yi ay®tsY @®Vbl' kw . lkw TTYlfa®tvU TSgGs' . yayeharGgy¨ sgwµ saµ Fmg† eTotya\" gyrU emlI Gna-Kt[lkw . rcY Kat®' Vbf' a – lkw mane®KaHfa~ kb' nc†i deU cH~ ®tvU eFB√I Fi eI ®sacTkw beNa† He®KaH . yayeharnyi aybnf† a ceM JHBFi eI ®sacTkw enH ®tvU man«TnM ab»' dcU teTAenH – - sBM te' Ts‰ks®bEvg5Em®\" t - pa˚ QkU ®VM - eTon®VM - FbU ®VM - eckNSva1\" sti~ eBlenaH lkw eFm√I xu stÁ© ®KvkI ∫alfrË© fa etVI nBNI aeTArbsT' SgenH ?yayeharCaCatEi xrµ mni Edlsa lr' bbrbsy' nY haNyU Edl®krhamya\" genaHke* qy¬I Pa¬ mfa mni xH√ eTenAkg¨~ pßarmanlks' bM rU hrU ehor˘˘˘. sk& 3†ilkw eqy¬I edayGss' gÙmw fa xK¨∆M aµ ngT√I alE' tesaHedmI ∫nI gw drU vtT¨ƒ SgenaH . eBlenaHyayeTogCyY eckNSvam\" yY st~i . cEM NkyayeharKat'CyY erobc[M TSgGs' . emlI cHu ! KrY [GaNti dlr' aÂsE† xrµ Nas' manFm·sb∫r¨ sCanci ç eTaHdgw faembdU yU enHclU mklku lyu ratt∫at®beTsrb-sx' nÁ¬ ke* day . enAedmI Exmni aqS~ 1980 lkw edrI ya\" gelOnmkkanx' mÊ yayeTog edmI ∫Inyi ayEfg¬ GNM rKNu ®BmTSgsluM aKatn' gi yayehareTAkan®' beTsevotNamvji ˘˘˘ BFi eI ®sacTkw [embdU yU man®bsTi PÏi aBEmn e®JHenAeBle®kaymkcM

GgkarCanrNa ? 289nM nY Et6´f© lkw kV* neLgI bNu ¥Jks' k& b†i nY ngi VnCabe' lxqS~ T1I 0 edmI ∫IVnvli ®tLbe' TAkanh' aNyU vji . enAmnu eBlEbkKa~ yayeTogke* robVyTkw ncM NM CI nU embdU yU Bsi armyY eBl edmI ∫eI qø¬ tsrY bJaÇ k®' sav®CavrkerOgBti xH¬ BeI mbdU yU CaynY ha-NyU edaypaÊ lm' at' . eBlVyTlm' xu Ka~ yayeTogsrY lkw fa – - etbI dU yU ma~ k@' ®tvU mkCyY Exrµ bnu\" aµ nqS~ ? lkw jjmw ®BmTSgeqy¬I ray\" rab\" d' cU bdU yU mnu @GJgwç Edr . lkw bJaÇ k'fa vamkkan®' beTsExrµ tSgBEI xmni a1970 eTbI ngw VnCabe' lxqS~ T1I 0 edIm∫vI li eTAkanh' aNyU enAkg¨~ Exmni aqS~ 1980enH . ebqI S~ T1I 0Fa¬ ke' lxmg†eTot lkw ®tvU enAkg¨~ ®beTskmC¨ı arhtU ˘˘˘. yayeTogQa¬ tsrY bJa˙ xH¬ @ Edlhji√ -Kmi elogVn®VbK' atr' cY ehIy . sk& 4†i lkw ke* qy¬I ®VbK' atd' cU elognyi ayGJgwç Edr . yayeTogsuMeTaslkw ehyI srY BbI Ja˙ myY eTot – - xc¨∆M gd' gw GBM vI tm† anbgbnËÌ Exrµ Edlevotmji bJnËÇ [eTAeronenAebk\" Sgngi enAhaNyU cabt' SgBqI S~ 1948 ehyI EdlenAmanbJnËÇ bn@† eTAe®ka-y@eTot . ≤LvË xT¨∆M TlY Btm· anfamanbJnËÇ vli ®tLbm' kkan®' beTskmC¨ı avji ehyI etsI B´√ fe© nA‰Na ? e®JHxm¨∆M anbnËÌ ®bsu ma~ ke' Qaµ H ecA-gku\" Gaj'enACamyY ngw eKEdr . lkw smgw¬ mxu yayeTogya\" gmtu eTbI eqy¬I rebobrdibrdbu fa – - mti T† SgbJI nn' ake' naH ®tvU VneKbJnËÇ ®tLbm' kkan®' beTskmC¨ı atSgBcI gu qS~ 1973emH¬\" . bEu\" nG† k~ TSgenaHCamnsu ßcasK' rM li hsY smy& e®bIkarElgektI ehyI ˘˘˘. ≤LvË Ggk areleI cjbJaÇ [bdU yU edrI ®bmlU kmu ark®M JCatEi xrµ rcY bJnËÇeTA˘˘˘˘ enA˘˘˘ ha˘˘˘ NyU ˘˘˘ . lkw nyi ayrebobsaÊ ke' srÊI Edlbga˙ j[dgwfa enHCaGafk· VM gM Bti ®VkdNas' . eBlenaHyayeTogxgw Nas' Kat'lcY faEtkg¨~ cti f† a – - GakPM r, karBti BkY GaEGgcatk' arVjs' ma¬ be' KecalGse' TAehyI .kBM gu EtrkelsbEgg√ dan ´cdn¥va®keLkeXjI knU ®seI BArbsy' ayeTogeTbI ngw mkBsI alaeron vakE* brCasrY yayeTogfa – Em\" ! mti e† nHeTbI ngwmkBsI alaeron… ? - cas± !

GgkarCanrNa ? 290 lkw VnelsenHke* ®Jk®VCt∆ eTAeTot – - Em\" ! Emd\" gw eTfabdU yU kBM gu EtedrI ®bmlU kmu ark®M JCatEi xrµ edmI ∫bI JnËÇeTAeronenAhaNyU ? ®kmu kmu ark®M JTSgenaHva[eQaµ Hfa « ®kmu kmu arsgQam » . - ehteu mc† kb* JnËÇ eTAerondlh' aNyU ? - eK®tvU EtbJnËÇ [qa© ybpM tu edmI ∫kI [uM mankarCabC' JM k' k[uM æJk¥esAhgµ BcI asT' uM . e®JHkmu arTSgenaHCaekgµ f®µI sLag Edldac®' sLHKaµ nCMJkG' e√I LyI . Ggk armanParkci lç td' M « ®kmu kmu arsgQam » [dlk' BM lUedayBn¥l®' Vb[' sa lf' anrNaCamti † nrNaCas®tvU . åbmadcU CaeKdtu Edk[dlk' eM dA rcY ehyI eKGac´qE~ dkenaHeTAeFC√I aGk√I V* n . bnaÊ bB' kI arltd' eM nHmk tNM agfrµI bsG' gk arcatT' ku ekgµ TSgenaHfa CaGnaKtraÂsE† xrµ fyµI a\" gBti ®Vkd . ekgµ TSgenaHngw dHu KnM ti sgskw ceM JHs®tvU . vacatE' cgerobceM kgµ TSgenaHdcU teTA – lHu dkw CJnËÇ dlh' aNyU ehyI manKNkmkµ arrgc' STTlY rcY EcktamEpk~ @ tamkare®CsI ersI rbsk' mu arTSgenaHedayxnÁ¬ ‰g . åTahrNd_ cUCakgTB& ®Kb@' Epk~ lHu eronhath' kw√ hnW√ ecHcbe' hyI Ggk arelnI gw bJnËÇvli ®tLbm' kkanm' atPu mU ki mC¨ı avji eKngw erobcGM naKt®beTssarCafµI CnM YsGk~ dkw nSsB´√ fe© nH . Ggk arelQI bT' TlY sa lE' xrµ Naepßge®kAB®I kmukmu arsgQamenHCadacx' at eTaHExrµ enaHeronecHdlf' a~ kN' ake* day .mkdl´' fh© gw~ Ggk arVnbJnËÇ kmu ark®M JeTAdlh' aNyU cnM nY bnY mnuW nak'rcY ehyI . deU cH~ edmI ∫kI sagGnaKt[knU ®srI bsE' m\" EmK\" rY EtbJlËç knU kg¨~®kmu kmu arsgQam[Tane' Blevla .l. yayeTogsrY lkw fa – - eteI nAextV† td' bM g maneKbegt˚I CrM ®M kmu kmu arsgQamehyI …enA ? - manbegt˚I rcY ehyI Em\" ! lkw eqy¬I Pa¬ medayjjmw ya\" geBjcti † . TItSgCrM M KeW nAkg¨~ brei vNGttI vTi ¥aly& ®BHmnu vI gß . sB´√ fm© anekgµ k®M JcMnnY 7,000nak' . bdU yU kBM gu edrI ®bmlU Cabn@† eTAeTot . yayeTogædeU cH~ manGarmNµ t_ ks' t¨¬ edayxa¬ clkw bEM bkknU ®sBI KI at'. { ! ynY haNyU Ggy¨ rgc' S{kasenHyrU ehyI eTetI . ehtdu eU cH~ ehyIVnCavaGacseM rceKalbNM gdF* eM Fgrbsv' aya\" genHVn ?!?! { ! vasnaknU Exrµ k®M J etGI k~ dgw …eTfa –

GgkarCanrNa ? 291 - Ggk arngw ltd' dM lk' BM lU edmI ∫[I Gk~ ka¬ yeTACas®tvU rbsm' amgI C-IdnU CtI arbsG' k~ ? - Ggk arngw dkw nSGk~ [eTACa®bCaCnExrµ myY fµI EdlenABeI ®kaymanBkY vaCaGk~ bJaÇ ? { ! Gnci aç Exrµ eGyI ! crU Gk~ dgw xnÁ¬ eLgI Pa∆ kx' nÁ¬ BkI aryl®' cLeM LgI mniEdlmanCnCati …Gk~ Na®sLajG' k~ CagbgbnËÌ mamgI rbsG' k~ EdlmanCatCi aExrµ dcU Gk~ eT˘˘˘ eBlenaH lkw e®kakedrI mk{byayeTog Efg¬ GNM rKNu ®BmTSgsuMlacakecjBkI mC¨ı aeTAkanh' aNyU enA´fE© skÌ enH . tSgB´I fe© naHmk yayeTogmanesck®†I ByY Vrmc∏ eM JHvasnarbsk' nU®seI BAKatC' axS¬ g . Kats' eM rccti e† TAemlI CrM ®M kmu kmu arsgQamedaypaÊ l'EPk~ . Katc' gd' gw fa etkI are®CsI ersI ya\" ghgw~ manlkN&≈ GE√I bk¬ …eT ? etImane®cnI …eT ? . ❑❑ ❑ CrM kM umarQanmux enA´fT© 1I 7-3-80, yayeTogedrI eTAkanC' rM kM mu ark®M J edayedrI clU BIeCgI eTAkanC' rM M . bnHÊ ka† rFEM vgmyY cgB¥rÁ Cabn' gw eka¬ gTa√ rsresrfa – « CrM Mkmu arQanmxu » . enAxageqg√ ´dmanGaKarmyY CakEng¬ dNS† s¬ . KatV' nCbY ®syI nY ma~ke' Qaµ HnI ektI enA®sku Exrµ EdlCa®bFanTTlY xsu ®tvU erobcVM yTkw [ekgµTSgenaH . Gk~ nTI TlY yayeTogya\" grakT' ak' rcY nSKatb' eNr†I clU eTAemlIkmu ak®M JTSg7Jnn' ake' naH EdlkBM gu Ette®mobCrY Ka~ clU kant' ju S¨ Vy . ekgµ TSgenaHmanGayBu 8I eTA14qS~ esø¬ kJk‰' ksNaÏ nBN´· peÊ mX

GgkarCanrNa ? 292mxu jjmw rkI ray . lHu clU CbY CeuM hyI ®sabE' tæsemg¬ E®skbJaÇ tammI®kCU aPasaynY fa – - Mac niêm chiên si trân giôn - « eKarBvJi aÔ Nkn≈ yÏ Tu CÏ nEdlsa¬ bk' g¨~ smrPmU i » . kmu arTSgGse' ®kakQreLgI sgwµ saµ F eKarBvJi aÔ Nkn≈ yÏ Tu CÏ nEdlVnbCU aCvI ti kg¨~ smrPmU ci nM nY 30vni aTI . eKEckkmu artSgenaHCa®kmu @ . kg¨~ myY ®kmu @manKa~ 10nak' . kg¨~ ®kmunmi yY @manma~ ke' ®kakeLgI eFs√I nM rY fa – - etnI rNaCamti r† bse' ygI ? - mti r† bse' ygI KW evotNamngi lav ! - etnI rNaCas®tvU rbse' ygI ? - s®tvU rbse' ygI KVW rSg Cbnu\" Gaemrki Sg ngi Exrµ ®khm˘˘˘ eygI ®tvUEtkeM TcExrµ ®khm . snM rY ngi cemy¬I rebobhgw~ ®tvU EteFe√I nAmnu eBlVy®Bkw la© cCaerogra-l´' f© . eBlenaHyayeTogQr®Tgw ®skT' kw EPk~ e®cak@ nkw sa† yGaNtiGaeNacGFm·dl'kumarkM®JTSgenaHy\"ag´®kElg xMrt'eKcBIExµr®khmEbrCamkFa¬ kc' kM Na† b´' dynY haNyU eTAvji . emlI cHu ! vaebkI LanedrI ®bmlU ykmkeFC√I aQa~ nm' yY elkI eTot vae®bIesø~ tTnP' n¬ ' kBM gu jH¨ jgb' JM ke' KalChM r CaBei ssBn¥lE' vkEjkbNH¨†KnM ti sgskw ®sbtambJa˙ CakE' sg† Edlkmu arTSgenaHVneXjI paÊ lE' Pk~ngi ®tvU rge®KaHpaÊ lx' nÁ¬ KeW XjI Exrµ ®khmclU mkcabE' m“\" mamgI bgbnËÌ nSykeTAsma¬ be' calBti @˘˘˘. cEM Nkkmu arTSgenaH ®tvU Exrµ ®khm®bmlU nSykeTAbg[M≈ eFk√I arTSgybT' Sg´f© halePø¬ ghalx¥l' TSgQW htu EtTkw bbr sgw Kaµ nGbM liKaµ nGav Kaµ nexa manEtmyY bna¬ sC' abn' gw xnÁ¬ . vaeFT√I arNu kmeµ XareXA≤temta† eT . dle' BleXjI ynY haNyU mkdl' edrI ®bmlU nSykmkEfrkßa åbtƒm∏ [scuI ku ya\" g®Kb®' Kan' esø¬ kJk‰' ksNaÏ nya\" gsaÌ t@ ksM ane† lgya\"gsb∫ay mankEng¬ edkya\" gsmrm¥ Kti EtBeI rons®U t˘˘˘ ebeI XjI c∫as'ya\" genHehyI emc\" km* ni dgw KNu mni eKarB mni sa† bb' ga b' mni ®sLajy' YnhaNyU ? emc\" mni sa lf' aExrµ ®khmCas®tvU ? eteI KGacbeM Pc¬ GeM BeI Xar

GgkarCanrNa ? 293eXA´®BEpßrbsG' k~ EdleKehAfa «Exrµ ®khm» enaHVn…eT ? . yayeTog®KvkI ∫alTSgTkw EPk~ rhamTenjÊ EtJk¥fa – - KrY [sa† y@ ! eteI Fe√I mc\" eTA edmI ∫BI n¥lk' mu ark®M JTSgLayenaH[ylf' a enHCakll∫ci rbsy' nY haNyU eT ! . Katn' kw eXjI nvU snM rY BrI Xa¬ EdlkaleNaHrbbynY evotmji BqI S~ 19-47 ngi 1948 vabg[M≈ ebkC≈ nEdlbrM gu eTAeronenAebk\" SgTenjÊ cSmat' . bu\"En®† tgs' nM rY fa nrNaCas®tvU rbse' ygI kalenaHcemy¬I manEtVrSg ngiCbnu\" beu\" Naˆ H . kaleNaHyayeTogmanGay1u 9qS~ ecHsrY ecHeqy¬I ceccccacdcU sts√ arki a nyi aytamEtevotmji bg[M≈ fa edayKaµ nyln' y& nigXa¬ TSgBrI enaHeT . py¨Ê eTAvji ®kmu kmu arQammxu Gacyln' y& ngi t´m´¬ nXa¬ fa – - nrNaCamti † ? nrNaCas®tvU ? c∫asl' asN' as' . yayeTognkw eXjI eLgI vji kalBqI S~ 1948 kg¨~ CnM any' nY evotmjiB¥ayambJnËÇ knU Exrµ eTAeronenAebk\" Sg xGM br' EM k´q[~ eTACaExrµ fµI enAkg¨~ rgg√ 'GnaÊ kE' xßjakr' bsv' a . bEu\" nk† nU Exrµ mnu @xH√ karltd' M Kaµ nbNH¨† KnM ti sgskw lHu eronecHcbV'nvli ®tLbm' kkanm' atPu mU vi ji EbrCadHu stsi m∫CJ:Ô ecHesh~ aCatBi ti @ya\" gmtu e®CA mni ®BmelattamExßjakr' bsv' a . Gk~ TSgenaH®tvU ynY haNUysma¬ be' calGs' . deU cH~ kci kç are®CsI ersI knU Exrµ nSykeTAGbr' M edmI ∫EI k´qC~ aExrµ fµI kg¨~ ry:kalCag30qS~ enH knU Exrµ ®tvU sa¬ be' ®cnI ≤tKNna .≤LvË ynY haNyU ®bEhlCaVnseM rceKalbNM gvaehyI EdlxBM ¥ayam EdlxBM ei saFCae®cnI qS~ . rarkeXjI esø~ tmyY de* qm~I KeW ®beI Qaµ HGgk arGnamki CaembJaÇ karelEI xrµ ®khm rcY tNM agGgk aredaye®byI eI haExrµ ®khmCanci ç . ❑❑ ❑

GgkarCanrNa ? 294 kmu ar Tyu Gay9u qS~ CaknU ®bsu eBArbs®' KsY armyY EdlmanKa~ 4nak' .vaCbY yayeTogenAkg¨~ Exmni aqS~ 1980 enA«vte† lakynY » stƒi enAEk∫rvt†lab . kmu arenHnyi aybeNr†I ybM eNr†I ®Vby' ayeTogfa – enA´fm© yY kg¨~ smy& Ggk ar ma† yxV¨∆M nykmaseTAdrU Ggr˚ edmI ∫dI NS†VyhbU [mankmS¬ g edmI ∫eI cjBlki mbµ eM rGI gk ar . Ggk arecjbJaÇ [Exrµ®khmcabc' gma† yx¨∆M nSykeTAsma¬ be' nA®tgP' mU i sala®tav kg¨~ shkr-N´_ ®BtcU . Ggk arbJaÇ [nS“Bku , bg®bsu x¨∆M ngi xe¨∆M TAQremlI . eBlenaHeBCŒXatvaysBM gma† yx¨∆M myY ®Bnge' dmI sEgT˚ Sgbna¬ rcY ®canTma¬ k'Katk' g¨~ reNA† EdlmanCeM rAya\" ge®CA . bnaÊ bm' k vakE* ®sksrY “Bku xE¨∆M dlQremlI TSgKSgmate' nATeI naHfa – - Enmti † GaNti …eT ? “Bku xe¨∆M qy¬I sgw mni rcY . myY snH¨Ê FeM TbI eqy¬I fa – - GaNti !˘˘˘. eBCŒXateVy´dehA“Bku x®¨∆M BmTSgnyi ayfa ebGI aNti mkeNH ! “Bku xk¨∆M e* drI eTACti matr' eNA† EdleBCŒXatcgl¨Ì edaybrM gu eQa© kemlI exaµcma† yx¨∆M edmI ∫[I dgw faetsI a¬ b…' rs' ? eBCŒXatks* BM gKatm' yY ®Bngs' Egd˚ Edl rcY FakK' atT' ma¬ kb' JlËç k-¨~greNA† dEdl CamyY exaµ cma† yxV¨∆M te' TA . -eBleXjI eBCŒXatsBM g“Bku ma† yx,¨∆M xn¨∆M gi bg®bsu smgw¬ mxu Ka~ CasJaÔ . eBlenaHeBCŒXatsrY BkY xP¨∆M a¬ mfa – - ENmti † etGI aNti Gak∫te' nH…eT ? bgbnËÌ xt¨∆M SgBrI nake' qy¬I ®BmKa~ TSg®KvkI ∫al ®Kv´I dfa eT ! eT ! eT ! eTmti B† U ! xm¨∆M ni GaNti mnsu ßk∫tG' gk areT ! . BkY xk¨∆M V* nrcY xnÁ¬ BsI a¬ b' enAeBlenHGgk arkb* JnËÇ bgbnËÌ x[¨∆M clU eTAk¨~gkgkmu arenAPmU ´i ®BtcU bg[M≈ efk√I arTSgybT' Sg´f© kNa† lekA† kNa† lePø¬g htu EtTkw bbrsgw Kaµ nGbM li manEtexaGavmyY bna¬ sd' acd' acCabn' gw xnÁ¬eBlybn' SbgbnËÌ lnU clU edkkg¨~ ceM bgI e®JHKaµ nPyY dNb† e' T . ≤LvË enHbdU yU nSbg®bsu xe¨∆M TAeron‰haNyU CagBrI ExehyI . cEM NkbdU yU sn¥afa ngw bJnËÇ xe¨∆M TAhaNyU EdrenAExe®kay@enH . kmu arTyubJaÇ kr' G@Ufl fa – - KrY [dgw KNu bdU yU Nas' !

GgkarCanrNa ? 295 emlI n± ! kmu ark®M JGrKNu ngi sresrI haNyU Emn ! eteI TAGnaKtman®kmu Exrµ NaGacmansmtPƒ aBclU eTABn¥ld' kw nS®kmu kmu arQanmxu [cakecjBGI naÊ kE' xßjakr' bsb' dU yU VneT ? . eBlenH®kmu kmu arQanmxu kBM gu Etyl®' cLyM a\" gEsne®CAeTAkg¨~ s-PaBkarNe_ nH !˘˘˘ yayeTogQrPkw¬ Bci arNafa – enHCaEpnkarGafk· VM gM KvW adkw nS[qa©yptu BcI asT' CuM atEi xrµ edmI ∫EI k´q®~ k´Lkmu ark®M J[eTACaExrµ fµI . varkßaTkukmu ak®M JTSgenaHedmI ∫eI qy¬I eTAceM JHmxu Gnr† Catfi a xC¨∆M aExrµ Camaç sT' kw dkImC¨ı a˘˘˘ bEu\" nB† eu TaÏ eGyI ! etcI ti K† nM ti rebobrbb TeM nomTma¬ b' Gar¥Fm· Pasa ngweTACaya\" gNaeTAvji ? ynY haNyU cJi mwç kmu arTSgenHTku edmI ∫eI robcGM naKt[®kmu Exrµ dkw nSkmC¨ı afµI edmI ∫bI PM n& m† tBi Pi Belak[yl®' cLM TTlY sa l®' kmu kmu arQanmxufaCamaç sT' kw dkI mC¨ı a®sbc∫ab' . eTAGnaKtmxu EtynY haNyU catE' tgtSg[enA®Kb@' ®ksgY kg¨~ GnaKtrdaΩ PVi lkmC¨ı a . bEu\" ne† cA®ksgY dkw nSKBW ti CaynY haNyU TSgGs' . {erOgenHsk& b† nY lkw Vn®Vby' ayeTogrcY ehyI . { ! vasnakmu ark®M JExrµ eGyI ! GPB& N√ as' ! Jk¥bru aNVntNM alt@mkehyI fa – « ®byt& ~ ! ®VsB' dI gErk eTAEpkÌ cbM gn G' acm_ ! » . etnI rNa®tvU TTlY khM su TSgGse' nH ? et®I tvU ecaTnrNa ? emlI cHu ! enAkg¨~ ´p®Ê beTsExrµ ynY haNyU dtu ´ddtu eCgI begt˚I Exrµ fµIvae®b®I Kbk' ll∫ci elbTkw dkI mC¨ı a[®sb [eBjlkN≈ :c∫abG' nr† Cati . cEM Nk®bCaBlrdEΩ xrµ Camaç sT' kw dkI mC¨ı aBti @vji kBM gu bH´dbHeCgI nS®KsY arEdlesssle' nArsr' te' KcBkI Na† b´' decar ePosxnÁ¬ eTA®Cks-MNake' nA®beTsT3I rVt\" r' Vy\" dcU ®trI sE' bkhgË√ . enHehyI mkBeI mdkwnSExrµ TSgskP†i mU i TSgExrµ ®khm xH√ smtPƒ aBTSg®sgu . - yayeTogkBM gu lgv' Ji aÔ Nnkw esaksa† ykmu ark®M JExrµ Cae®cnI mnuWnakE' dlGgk arltd' dM lk' BM lU rcY ehyI EbrCaFa¬ kK' g¨~ kNa† b´' dynY ha-NyU EdlCaXatkre®beQaµ HGgk arenaHeTAvji . { ! vasna®beTsExrµeGyI eteI TAGnaKtngw eTACaya\" gNaeTA ? . yayeTogPa∆ ke' dayGk~ ndI kw

GgkarCanrNa ? 296´dKatn' SbeNr†I eTAemlI kEng¬ edkrbsk' mu arTSgenaH . kenlÊ mgu exy~IPyY ®tvU eKerobcyM a\" gsaÌ t ! . Gk~ nnI yi aysresrI fa bgeXjI eTkmu ark®M JTSgenHmanvasnalÌNas' ynY haNyU clU mkCyY Tan' ≤LvË eKedrI ®bmlU rcY eKbJnËÇ [eTAerons®U t‰haNyU . lHu eronecHdgw ehyI ´fe© ®kayngw vli ®tLbm' kkan'®beTskmC¨ı avji Gacsgskw ceM JHExrµ ®khmVn edaymanbdU yU CaGk~ KS®T . Gk~ n{I nxßbw ®Vby' ayeTog®BmTSgcgl¨Ì ®Vbf' a enHGaGkufl knU ®bsueBArbsx' ¨∆M . xe¨∆M TbI eFs√I bM ®u tbJaÇ kf' a vaCaknU k®M J . ybe' nHva®tvU ecjdMeNrI eTAkanh' aNyU CamyY mti r† bsv' acnM nY 1000nak' . Gk~ nnI yi ayb-eNr†I ®BmTSgelkI ´dcgl¨Ì bga˙ jLankamg¨∆\" cnM nY 20e®KOgkBM gu erobCak∫nÁcttamelxerogenAbeNa† ypvˬ elx2 xagektI GttI vTi ¥aly& ®BHmnu vI gß .yayeTogsrY bJaÇ kG' k~ nfI a – - ehteu mc\" cSVcm' anlxi ti bJaÇ kf' ak®M J ? Gk~ npI H¨Ê seM NcI ya\" g®syY kack' rcY eTbI GFbi ∫ayfa – ynY haNyUsrM Sge®CsI ersI nSykeTAmnu eKEtkmu ark®M JTSg“Bku TSgma† y . ebkI mu arNak®M JEtEm\" …Et“ eKrkßaTku myY Gens¬I ni . eKcabe' pm†I esbuI Gegt˚ ebIknU k®M JenaHCaknU GttI Gk~ rdkΩ ar eKngw lbe' Qaµ HecalPa¬ m . enAeBlCECksrY -eqy¬I enH ®sTI SgBrI nakm' aneyablp' y¨Ê Ka~ ®sLH.Gk~ ndI kM ld' eM kgI ynY haNyU faCaGk~ manåbkarKNu ®BmTSgeFG√I eM BlI ÌceM JHkmu ark®M JExrµ . cEM NkyayeTogvji Katy' lp' y¨Ê ®sLHBGI k~ nI .e®JHbJ˙asMrSge®CIserIskumarkM®JExµr EdlGgkarlt'dMdl'kMBUlrYcehyI enH KCW aesø~ tmyY d®* besrI EdlynY haNyU smrM© gc' SCae®cnI qS~ mkehyI eTbI VnseM rceBlhgw~ ?!?! yayeTogmanGarmNµ Q_ cW abe' saksa† ykmu ark®M JTSgLayenaHCa´®kElg . KatQ' rsmgw¬ k∫nÁ Lankamg¨∆\" ya\" gyrU eTbI sluM aGk~ nvI li ®tLbe' TAkank' nU xmÊ dk* sM tr' bsK' atv' ji . ❑❑ ❑