QUESTION BANK FINAL

101 Ans : B] 38 cm 50.The examiner looking through a ...... .... checks if the child is loo king at the grating A] light B] peephole Ans : B] peephole 51. Principle Of Cardiff visual acuity test is .... ... A] Preferential looking B] vanishing optotype Ans : B] vanishing optotype 52.Cardiff cards have.... ..... Shapes A] 7 B] 6 Ans : B] 6 53. The picture is positioned either at the................. Or............... Half of a card A] Side – side B] top – bottom Ans : B] top – bottom 54.The cards are calibrated to given visual acuity of equivalent of 20/20 to 20/200 at ..... ..... Viewing distance A] 1meter B] 3 meter Ans : B] 3 meter 55. The examiner watches the ------ towards the shape REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

102 B] eye movements A] Hand movement’s Ans : B] eye movements 56. Cardiff card the child is looking at the ......... .. A] Size B] shape Ans : B] shape 57. The test is performed at 1meter distance but altered to...... If the child is unable to see the first card A] 1 1/2 meter B] 1/2 meter Ans : B] 1/2 meter 58. Principle of matching test ...... A] Vanishing opt type B] Sheridan Gardiner test Ans : B] Sheridan Gardiner test 60. The Letters are used and are shown to the child one at a time on …….......... A] Twist test B] flip card Ans : B] flip card 61 . ........... Is the most accurate of the illiterate vision test in children? A] Torch examination B] Sheridan Gardiner test

103 Ans : B] Sheridan Gardiner test 62. For practical considerations the normal reading distance is ..... A] 33 cm B] 40 cm Ans : A] 33 cm 63. The first near vision test kind was suggested by ........ A] Fonda in 1953 B] jaeger in 1867 Ans : B] jaeger in 1867 64. The .... .. Card has print samples of different sizes A] Snellen’s B] jaeger Ans : B] jaeger 65. The jaeger card is held at ... ..cms A] 33 cm B] 32 cm Ans : B] 32 cm 66. The pinhole disc is a small .... ..... Disc A] Square B] circular Ans : B] circular REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

104 67. Pinhole with a small central opening that reduces the peripheral rays and allows the central rays to reach the......... A] Macula B] retina Ans : B] retina 68. This opaque disc has ..... .. Hole in the middle A] 2mm B] 1.32mm Ans : B] 1.32mm 69. .......... Hole actually reduces visual acuity due to diffraction A] A 0.55 mm B] a 0.65mm Ans : A] A 0.55 mm 70. ............. Pinhole is the best A] 1mm B] 1.32mm Ans : B] 1.32mm 71. The pinhole permits the most ....... Rays to enter and provide a good vision A] Periphera B] central Ans : B] central

105 72.In VA measurement, if a patient is able to say from which direction the light comes in, it is recorded as …….. A] Inaccurate PR B] Accurate PR Ans : B] Accurate PR 73. ....... Serves to differentiate visual loss caused by refractive errors or from poor vision resulting from diseases of the eye A] Pinhole B] near vision Ans : A] Pinhole 74. In any ......... vision will not improve when pin hole is placed infront of the eye. A] disease of eye B] refractive error Ans : A] disease of eye 75. The color of any object is determined by the wave length........ Or.....From the surface A] Reflected or emitted B] refrcted or reflected Ans : A] Reflected or emitted 76. ......... Light is a mixture of wave length of the visible spectrum A] Red B] White REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

106 Ans : B] White 77. Light of short wave lengthis ............. A] Red B] Blue Ans :B] Blue 78. Light of middle wave length is ......... A] Green B] Blue Ans :A] Green 79.Sensitive to light of long wave length .... [B]...... A] Green B] Red Ans :B] Red 80. Congenital color vision defect occurs if a ......... Is absent A] Cone pigment B] Rods pigment Ans : A] Cone pigment 81. The X chromosome carries the ….. ... Pigment gene A] Green B] Blue Ans : B] Blue 82. ........Of men........ Women have a defect of the red / green system

107 A] 8% & 0.5 % B] 5% & 0.8 % Ans : A] 8% & 0.5 % 83. Acquired Optic nerve diseases tend to cause ... ... Defects A] Blue – Green B] Red – Green Ans : B] Red – Green 84. Acquired retinal diseases tend to cause ... .. Defects A] Blue – Yellow B]Blue-Red Ans : A] Blue – Yellow 85. ........ Test used for color vision A] Ishihara B] Snellens chart Ans : A] Ishihara 86. Patients with ... ... Defects cannot distinguish the numbers and the figures A] Pinhole vision B] Color vision Ans :A] Pinhole vision 87. Evaluation of color vision is done with ..... .. Color plates A] Isochromatic test B] pseudo isochromatic test Ans : B] pseudo isochromatic test REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

108 88. If the patient is unable to read last two lines, the visual acuity is ……. A] 6/9 B] 6/12 Ans : B] 6/12 89. The visual acuity of a patient is 6/36. He will be able to read the first …… Lines in Snlln’s chart Ans : A] 2 90. ----- chart is used for illiterate patient A] Cardiff B] E-chart 91. Cardiff card is used at ……… Ans :B] E-chart C]50cm A]3cm B] 33cm Ans : C]50cm 92. If patient‘s visual a cuity is recorded as 6/24, he can read ........ A] first two lines B] first three line C] first line only Ans :B] first three line 93. Visual acuity is a measure of --------- sense

109 A] light B] Colour C] A,B Ans : C] A,B 94. In Cardiff visual acuity test, the cards are held at a distance of …… A] 1m B] 66cm C] 25cm Ans : A] 1m III.FILL IN THE BLANKS 1. Visual acuity is recorded as a............. Ans : Fraction method 2. The normal visual acuity is............ Ans :6/6 3. Flash card test p gives very approximate estimate of visual acuity for........... Ans : Near 4. ..................Is a small circular disc with a small central opening Ans : Pinhole 5. ----------is suitable for literates above 6years Ans : Snellen chart 6. Visual acuity 6/24 means, the object seen by the patient at6m, Can be seen by a noral person at a distance of------ REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

110 Ans : 24m 7.………… Test is based on preferential looking Ans : Keeler acuity 8. Snellen chart is accurate for literate patients above ………Years Ans : 6years 9.Snellen chart each letter is such a shape that it can be enclosed in a …… Ans : square 10.New york light house flash card test is used in children with…. Ans : amblyopia and low vision 11. If a patient is unable to read the first line in Snellens chart and reads only two letters in the next line his visual acuity is recorded as ……… Ans : 6/9-2 12. D-15 test is used to identify ……… Deficits ……… plates are used to assess colour vision Ans :colour vision ,Ishihara 14. Other name of Keeler acuity test is ……….. Ans : preferential looking test

111 15. --------is accurate for literate patients above six years Ans :Snellens chart 16. Visual acuity 6/24 means, the object seen by the patient at … ……. can be seen by a normal person at a distance of …… Ans : 6m, 24m 18. -------- test can be successfully used for the age group 3 to 4 years Ans : Allen picture chart 19. --------- test gives very approximate estimate of visual acuity for near Ans : Flash card 20. Small coloured sweet balls of-----diameter are used to decorate cakes Ans : 1mm 21. ---------- is used to check the visual acuity of children Ans : Cake decoration 22. --------- children can pick up small objects Ans : 12month 23. -------test is based on the principle that a child prefers to look at pattern and plane surfac Ans : Keeler acuity REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

112 24. The child is shown a coarse grating card at -------- distance Ans : 38cm 25. The cards are calibrated to give visual acuity of equivalent of-----to ----- at 1 meter viewing distance Ans : 20/20 to 20/200 26. The examiner watches the eye movements towards the----- Ans : Shape 27. The letters VTOHXAU are used in---------- test Ans : Sheridan Gardiner test 28. Sheridan Gardiner test is most accurate -------vision test in children Ans : Illiterate 29.First test the visual acuity in ……………eye Ans : defective 30. First ……...... was suggested by jaeger in 1867 Ans : Near visual acuity test

113 31. ---- permits the most central rays to enter and provide a good image Ans : Pinhole 32. The colour of any object is determined by the -------emitted or reflected from the surface Ans : Wave length 33. A--------defect occurs if a cone pigment is absent or if there is a shift in its spectral sensitivity Ans : Congenital colour defect 34. The -------carries the blue pigment gene Ans : X-chromosome 35. Acquired retinal disease tends to cause ------defect Ans : Blue yellow 36. Optic nerve or retinal disease cause defects in------- Ans :Colour vision 37. Evaluation of colour vision is often performed with------ Ans : pseudo isochromatic colour plates 38. The 15-hue test, or Farnsworth munsal 100 hue tests provides a more precise determination of ------- REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

114 Ans :colour vision defect 39. Standard visual acuity is tested for----- Ans :Snellens chart 40. Acuity vision is defined as---- Ans : power of the eye 41. Cardiff card used ……… age group of children Ans : 2-3years 42. Ratio of speed of light in air to the speed of light in the medium is called ------- Ans : refractive index 43. Visual acuity is the medical term of ……… Ans : Sharpness of vision 44. The acuity of vision is tested by …… Ans :snellen’s Chart 45. Snellens chart invented by ……….in the year of………….. Ans : Herman Snellen’s , 1862 46. The formula for measuring v/a is…..

115 Ans : arc(x)/letter sizex100 = 1\\12 x 57.3 47. Distance visual acuity seen is checked ………. Ans : 6M or 20 Feet 48. Near visual acuity checked at……….. Ans : 33cm 49. Snellens chart general illumination is……….. Ans : 19 foot candles 50. Snellens letter constructed that angle of ……….is formed. Ans : 1° 51. Vision test is conventionally seen in ………………. Ans : Right Eye 52. Types of visual acuity are ……………. Ans : Distance, Near, Pinhole Vision 53 .In lliterate patient we use … Ans : E charts multiple picture charts 54. The size of the square is……….thickness of theis compassing the letter REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

116 Ans : 5 times 55. The square sub stands an angle of………….of the specified distance Ans : Five minutes 56. In the Snellens chart, the size of the letter is ……times the thickness of lines composing the letter Ans : five 57. The cubical width size of minimum …………… Ans : 1 1/2M 58. The Snellen’s chart is used ……the acuity of vision. Ans : universally 59. The letters are so constructed that there is angle of……formation. Ans : One minute 60. The chart could be placed above the patients……………. Ans : head 61. …… means Total blindness. Ans :Anopia 62. Cover the patients eye with an………..or the…….of the hand. Ans :occluder, palm

117 63. If the patient could not recognize light it is recorded as ……….. Ans : NOPL 64. Record the acuity value for each eye separately… and … … correction. Ans : With, without 65. Pinhole test is required if the Pt visual acuity is …… Ans : less than 6/6 66. Pinhole test used to examined (or) differentiate poor vision caused by ………… or due to ………… Ans : refractive error, any eye disease 67. Normal visual acuity is………. Ans : 6/6 69. The patient is unable to read 2 letter of the last line should be written as……… Ans : 6/6-2 70. If the patient is unable to read last three line the V/A is…………. Ans : 6/18 71. Snellens chart is useful and most accurate in ……… people above the age of Ans : literate , 6yrs 72. The …………broken ring test is used in .....people. REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

118 Ans : land off, illiterate 73. Other name for Snellens chart is ……… Ans :Albini 74. Cardiff visual acuity tests is called as ……… Ans : vanishing optotypic 75. Keelar acuity test is also known as ………. Ans : Preferential looking test 76. The child is shown a coase grafting card at……….. Ans : 38cm 77. The cards are all calibrated to give vision equivalent of …………..at 1meter viewing distance. Ans : 20/200-20/20 78. Abilities to see the sweet in cake decoration indicates the vision of………..at the testing distance. Ans : 6/24 79. Small coloured sweet ball of ………are used to decorate cake. Ans : 1mm diameters 80.…………test was familiar geometrical design as test targets.

119 Ans :Fooks symbols 81. The flash test is done at a fixed distance of………. Ans : 3.6Meter 82. Keelar card used in………….distance. Ans : 38cm 83. Cardiff card used in……….distance. Ans : 50cm or 1M 84. Minimum visible, Resolution, Recognation, Hyper visual acuity are ....... of visual acuity Ans : Components 85. Hyper acuity other name is …… Ans : Vernier acuity 86. Factor affected in V/A is classified asand…………………. Ans : stimulus related , observer related. 87. …….. means Blue colour deficiency. Ans :Tritanopia 88. Each square subtends an angle of ....…. minutes at a specified distance REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

120 Ans : 5 90. Near vision chart other name …………. Ans : jaeger chart 91………. means Red colour deficiency. Ans :Protanopia 92. Detection acuity test is the ability to detect ………. without recognizig correctly. Ans : smallest stimulus 93. …..…..means Green Colour deficiency. Ans :Deuteranopia 94. Measurement of V/A in above 5yrs and children and adults ……test and………... test. Ans :Snellens , LAN dolts 95. Measurement of V/A in below 2yrs children Illiteratetest and ………. Ans : E- cut out , Tumbling E chart, Isolated hand figure test, S.G.Chart 96. Vision test in 2 to 3yrs ….and win test………… Ans : dot visual acuity , miniature toy test 97. Vision test in 6 – 12 months……….and…… marble game test

121 Ans : Sheridan’s ball test 98.Measurement of visual acuity for near is done by …… Ans :Jaggers chart, Roman test, Snellens chart 99.Jaeger chart chart test near V/A invented in the year ………. Ans : 1867 100. The distance central V/A in adults tested by………… Ans :Snellens test types 101. …………….is used almost universally in testing the acuity of vision Ans : Snellen’s chart 102. The rays of light from that distance are…………for practical purpose Ans : parallel 103. The general illumination of the room should not be less than…………the illumination of the chart Ans : one fifth 104. There are……………in there snellen’s chart Ans : 7 lines E chart, picture chart, landolt’s chart, broken ring chart is used in……… people 105. Landolt’s broken rigns chart other name ……. Ans : illiterates Ans : “c” chart REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

122 106. Cake decaration, Teller acuity, Allen picture, SG chart, Cardiff test are used in…….. Ans : children 107. SG chart definition ………. Ans :SheridianGardinel chart 109. HM abbreviation ………. Ans : Hand movement 110………… means perception of light Ans : PL 111. Fixation and following of the light is useful for ………child Ans : 3 – 6 months 112. Forced choicperfrention is used for……….month child Ans : 6 – 12 113. ………….. useful in age above 4 to 6 years Ans :Landolot broken test 114. ………. is in 3 to 4 years at 3 meter Ans : Allen picture chart 115. …was previously used in low vision or amblyopic a children Ans : New york light house flash test

123 116 .New york light house test is done at………………. Ans : 3.6 meter 117. Small colored sweet balls…… diameter are used to decorate Cakes Ans : 1mm 118. Cake decoration is useful for …………………child Ans : 12 – 24 month 119. Cake decoration indicate the vn………. Ans : 6/24 120. Keeler acuity card at……………… Ans : 38cm 121.Keeler acuity test other name……………….. Ans : preferential looking test 122… 6 meter or 3meter most accurate of the illiterate vn test in children Ans :Sheridiangardiner test 123.Visual acuity is the……for sharpness of vision Ans : medical term 124.…… should be tested with and without glasses on a standard chart REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

124 Ans : Vision 125…… chart is distant visual acuity charts in adults Ans :Snellens’s char and ETDRS 126. Cardiff card, Keelar acuity chartis used for ….child Ans : 3 to 3 years 127. Pictures chart, SG chart, Matching chart is used for…… Ans : 3 – 5 years child 128. The snellens’s chart is used to above……….child Ans : 3 to 3 years 129.…… test other name vanishing optotype this distance at 1 meter Ans : Cardiff visual acuity 130 .Sheridiangardiner test other name …………. Ans : matching test 131. Other name is pseudo isochromatic test Ans : The colour vision test…. 132. Deuternopia is ………..colour deficiency Ans : green

125 133.Protonopia is ………..colour deficiency Ans : red 134.Chromosome blue pigment gene ……of men 135.……..women have a Ans : defect red & green system 136. Deuternomaly which occur of men …and…… of women Ans :5% 137. Optic nerve (or) retinal disease may also causes defects in………….. Ans :colour vision 138. Visual acuity is recorded as a ………….. Ans :fraction 139. ……is use ful in age group above 4 to 6 year and illiterate people Ans :Albini and landlot's broken ring chart 140……….test was previously used with handicapped children and low intelligence patients Ans :Mininature toy 141.Perfect acuity of vision required two other basic factors ……….. Ans : light &colour sense REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

126 142………..is the types cambridge card Ans :Crowing card, single card 143.The… means the optic center of the eye ball Ans : nodal point 144.The size of the cone is………. Ans : 0.004mm 145.The vision drum illimination is……….. Ans : 120 wats 146.BSV 3 grades……….. Ans : fusion, stereopsis, simultaneous perception 147.OS means……… Ans : ocular sinister 148.OD means………. Ans : ocular Dexter 149.FM ………….. Ans : Farnsworth Munsell 100hue test

127 150.Snellens’s chart other name is….. Ans : reversible chart 151. The standard of visual acuity is based on ……… Ans : visual angle 1 152.Principle of visual acuity is…………. Ans : 1 big square is divided into five small squares 153.…………… is tested in 6m or 20 feet. Ans : Visual acuity 154. ……… is measured in fraction. Ans : visual acuity 155. Patient sitting height is ……… to vision chart Ans : equal 156. If patient reads the first line of Snellen chart, his vision is………… Ans : 6/60 157……is situated in 7.1mm behind the cornea which is posterior to the lens. Ans : Nodal point REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

128 IV.TRUE OR FALSE 1.Vision Should Be Tested With and Without Glasses on a Standard Chart Ans : True 2. Visual Acuity Is the Physical Term For Sharpness of Vision 5feet Ans : False 3. Each Eye Should Be Tested Indepently ` Ans : True 4. The Acuity of Vision Is Tested By Standard Vision Chart Known as Etdrs Chart Ans : False 5. Perfect Acuity of Vision Requires Two Other Basic Factors the Light Sense and Contract Sense Ans : False 6. The Snellens Chart Is Used Almost Universally In Testing the Acuity of Vision Ans : True 7. The Size of the Square Is Five Times the Thickness of Lines Composing the Ans : True 8. The Snellens Chart Should Be At a Distance of Three Meters or Twenty Feet Ans : False

129 9. The Rays of Light from That Distance Are Parallel For Practical Purposes Ans : True 10. The Chart Could Be Placed Above the Patients Eyes Ans : False 12. Fifth Line Is At 6meters Distance Ans : False 13.Snellen Chart Is Used For Distance Visual Acuity Chart in Adults Ans : True 14.In Illiterates Patient ETDRS Chart is used Ans : False 14. The Size of the Letter in Each Row Should Be Clearly Legible At a Graded Distance to a Person with Normal Vision Ans : True 15. Patients Who Wear Glasses or Contact Lenses May Be Tested With and Without Optical Correction Ans : True 16. The Normal Vision Is 6/12 Ans : False 17. If They Can Read Only the First Two Lines the Visual Acuity Is 6/36 REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

130 Ans : True 18.Snellens Chart Is Useful and Most Accurate In Literate People above the Age of 6years Ans : True 19.Test of Albini and Landolt Broken Ring Test Is Most Useful In Age Group above 4-6 Years and In All Illiterate People Ans : True 20.The Pre School Vision Test or the Allen Picture Card Test Consist Seven White and Blue Cards Ans : False 21 .New york Light House Flash Card Test Was Previously Used with Children with Low Vision or Amblyopia Ans : True 22. Miniature Toy Test Was Previously Used With Handicapped Children and Low Intelligence Patients Ans : True 23. Ivory Ball Test -5 Ivory Balls of 1/2 Inch to One And Half Inch Meter Size Are Rolled and Spinned To a Distance of 20 Feet

131 Ans : True 24. Small collard Sweet Balls of 2mm Diameter Are Used to Decorate Cakes Ans : False 25. Twelve Months Old Children Can Pick Up Small Objects and Eat Ans : True 26. Preferential Looking Test Is Based On the Principle That A Child Prefers to Look At Pattern and Not Plane Surface Ans : True 27. The Child Is Shown a Course Grating Card at 38cm Ans : True 28. The Cardiff Vision Card Have Six Shapes Which Are Recognizable Positioned Either at the Top or Bottom Half of a Card Ans : True 29. The Child Is Comfortably Seated the Cards Are Presented At Eye Level at A Distance of 1 Meter Ans : True 30. Matching Test Uses Letters Which Children Can Recognize and Copy at an Early Age Ans : True REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

132 31. Sheridan Car diner Test Is the Most Accurate of the Illiterate Vision Test in Children Ans : True 32. Near Vision Is The Power Of The Eye To Clearly See And Distinguish Smallest Object Or Letters From A Normal Reading Distance Ans : True 33. Normal Reading Distance Is Considered To Be 40cms Ans : True 34. The Test of This Kind Was Suggested By Jaeger in 1867 Ans : True 35. The Pinhole Disc Is a Small Central Opening That Reduces the Peripheral Rays and Allows the Central Ray to Reach the Retina Ans : True 36. An 0.666mm Hole Actually Reduces Visual Acuity Due To Diffraction Ans : False 37.1.32mm Pinhole Is the ideal pin hole size Ans : True 38.The Standard Trial Pinhole Is 1mm in Size

133 Ans : True 39.In the Latter Condition Vision Will Not Improve When a Pinhole Disk Is Placed Before the Eye Ans : True 40. Acquired Optic Nerve Diseases Tends To Cause Red and Green Defects Ans : True 41.Where the patient complaint is particularly of defective left eye vision in which case the right eye assessed first Ans : False 42. Allen picture card is used for adult patient Ans : False 43.EDTRS chart is used for 2years children Ans : False 44.Pinhole test is conducted if the patient visual acuity is less than 6/6 Ans : True 45.The near vision should be checked with & without glass Ans : True 46.Record the near acuity value for each eye separately REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

134 Ans : True 47.Triton color defects are more common Ans : False 48.When the patient complaint is particularly of defective left eye vision in which case the right eye assessed first Ans : False 49.Allen picture card is used for adult patient Ans : False 50.EDTRS chart used for 2years children Ans : False 51.Pinhole test is conducted if the patient visual acuity is less than 6/6 Ans : True 52.The near vision should be checked with & without glass Ans : True 53.Record the near acuity value for each eye separately Ans : True 54.Triton color defects are more common

135 Ans : False 55.Keeler acuity test is based on the principle of preferential looking test Ans : True 56.Protonopia means shift in the sensitivity of green. Ans : False 57.Sheridan Gardiner chart is used to test visual acuity in adults. Ans : False 58.Thesnellen chart should be at a distance of eighteen feet Ans : False 59.Normal reading distance is 40cm Ans : True 60.Correct PG centering is to the avoid prismatic glass Ans : True 61.Small colored sweet balls 0.5mm diameter are used to decorate cakes RAns : False V.MATCH THE FOLLOWING 1. Broken ring chart - Sheridan Gardiner 13 REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

136 2. Visual acuity - test 14 40cm 15 3. Snellens chart - Matching card 1 Illiterates 10 4. Vision examination - 1mm 5 Adult 17 5. Snellens chart - 1mm Sharpness of 2 6. Cake decoration - vision 8 7. Trial lens - Traial set 3 6m or 3m 8. Trial frame - Vanishing 12 New york light optotype - Each eye 4 9. house flash card - separately 6 10. Cake decoration Month baby 9 Low vision 11 11. Keeler acuity test - 38cm 7 Cardiff visual Refraction - 12. acuity - 13. Matching test - 14. Illiterate children - 15. Near vision - 16. Pinhole

137 17. Standard pinhole - Ishihara chart 18 18. Colour vision - Blue pigment 19 19. X-chromosome - Central rays 16 VI.UNSCRAMBLE WORDS 1. ESZI - SIZE SURFACE 2. RSEACFU - FLOATERS ANTERIOR 3. ARLSETFO - READING DIFFERENT 4. TORRNEAI - CHILDREN COMPASSION 5. AINERDG - SPECIAL ASSESSING 6. EEERTNFT - ARRANGING NUMBER 7. RNELHIDC - PATIENT YELLOW 8. OOSSNICMP - HEMISPHERE 9. ECAILS - 10. SSSSAENI - 11. RRNNIGGAA - 12. ERUMBN - 13. TTAPENI - 14. OELYLW - 15. MIHEEESHPR - REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

138 - DISABILING - GREEN 16. IIAASBLDGN - RED 17. EERGN - DEUTERNOPIA 18. DRE - TRITENOPIA 19. EERTUDIONA - PROTONOPIA 20. IIRENATTOP - TRIANOMALY 21. OOORPTNMLAG - CHROMOSOME 22. NETHLG - LENGTH 23. OOOSEMHCRM - MIXTURE 24. NETHLG - OBJECT 25. UTREIXM - POSITION 26. ECJOBT - PRESENCE 27. IIONTOSP - PUPILLARY 28. EEERPSPC - DISTANCE 29. LLPPIURAY - AVERAGE 30. TAIDNECS - SAMPLES 31. EEAARGV - LENS 32. MSALEPS - POOR 33. ESNL - CENTRAL 34. ROPO - PINHOLE 35. RECNLAT 36. NHIPOEL

37. AGIDENR 139 38. IILLRETTAE 39. TTMIPORNA - GARDINER 40. RUSTUCTER - ILLITERATE 41. COSEKR - IMPORTANT 42. OONURTC - STRUCTURE 43. RAMINGS - SOCKER 44. APLPERABL - CONTOUR 45. EYEABSESL - MARGINS 46. AANSL - PALPEBRAL 47. ONCUNJITCAR - EYE LASHES 48. EEDNDRSS - NASAL 49. LLILESCOF - CONJUNCTIVA 50. SIDACHGEA - REDNESS 51. OOMTBT - FOLLICLES 52. ACLIRENTAED - DISCHARGE 53. OLOIKGN - BOTTOM 54. NAHIDACP - CALIBERATED 55. OOMILTUABE - LOOKING 56. EIVNKS - HANDICAP 57. ONOSPS - AUTOMOBILE - KNIVES - SPOONS REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

140 58. EEEDVLDOP - DEVELOPED 59. OOORCINDTAIN - COORDINATION 60. IONCS - COINS 61. OIBKC - BLOCK 62. ORVIY - IVORY 63. AAPPRXIOTEM - APPROXIMATE 64. ISETAMTE - ESTIMATE 65. ALBL - BALL 66. NNIPSED - SPINNED 67. IIINNGFCAT - SIGNIFICANT 68. SOSRGLY - GROSSLY 69. EESWTLLABS - SWEET BALLS 70. IIECONDS - DECISION 71. OEPPEL - PEOPLE 72. IRNG - RING 73. RCODIENTI - DIRECTION 74. ITECPUR - PICTURE 75. JGNESOR - SJOGREN 76. SFLLSUUYCECSC - SUCCESSFULLY 77. MYLSOSL - SYMBOLS 78. NEMNRA - MANNER

141 79. NEELLN - SNELLEN 80. RDWGIAN - DRAWING 81. EEPHTONE - TELESCOPE 82. RMOSHE - HORSEMAN 83. TEYDDERA - TEDDYBEAR 84. BYAAOIMLP - AMBLYOPIA 85. ETIGEOLCRM - GEOMETRICAL 86. AGTRET - TARGET 87. WRADN - DRAWN 88. OODENW - WOODEN 89. PINEDRT - PRINTED 90. PIEEPGN - PEEPING CAKE 91. ECKA ECDOITNROA - DECORATION TUMBLING 92. UMBINGTL - DRUM INACCURATE 93. MDRU - DIRECTION ACCURATE 94. ANUCRATEIC - EXAMINER FRACTION 95. IIRETONDC - 96. TAREAUCC - 97. NAERIEMX - 98. CAFOINTR - REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

142 - UNABLE - LITERATE 99. NBLEUA 100. ILRTEATE VII.JUMPING WORD : 1. V-S-A-L AC-ITY - VISUAL ACUITY 2. P-IN-IPLES - PRINCIPLES 3. S-U-RE - SQUARE 4. I- -U-I-A-ION - ILLUMINATION 5 —U-TS - ADULTS 6. _H-L-REN - CHILDREN 7. T-AI- F-A-E - TRAIL FRAME 8. _A-I-OS- -PY - RETINOSCOPY 9. .-I—OR - MIRROR 10. D-I-T-N-E - DISTANCE 11. R-C-R-ED - RECORDED 12. F-A-T-ON - FRACTION 13. P-C-U-E - PICTURE 14. F-A-H C-RD - FLASH CARD 15. .-MB-E- -A - UMBRELLA 16. .-NTE- -IGEN-E - INTELLIGENCE 17. D-A-E-ER - DIAMETER 18. D-C-RA-ION - DECORATION 19. P-E-E- -NTIAL - PREFERENTIAL

143 20. P- -PH-LE - PEEPHOLE 21. V-N-S-ING - VANISHING 22. M-T-H-NG T- -T - MATCHING TEST 23. E-AI-A- -ON - EXAMINATION 24. P-P-LS - PUPILS 25. I-S-RUCT - INSTRUCT 26. P-N-O-E - PINHOLE 27. C-L-UR V-S-ON - COLOUR VISION 28. SU- -ARY - SUMMARY 29. E-A-U-TION - EVALUATION 30. P-O-O-OPIA - PROTONOPIA 31. S-N-ITI-TY - SENSITIVITY 32. C-R-M-S-ME - CHROMOSOME 33. O-T-C N-R-E - ISOCHROMATIC 34. P-A-ES - PLATES 35. I-J-RY - INJURY 36. I-F-C-ION - INFECTION 37. R-D-ESS - REDNESS 38. C-R-F-LLY - CAREFULLY 39. I- -I- -R-T- - ILLITERATE 40. .- -IPC- -D - FLIPCARD 41. A- -ES- -ENT - ASSESSMENT 42. - -A –T - CHART 43. -R-C-D-R - PROCEDURE 44. L- -D-L-T - LANDOLT REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

144 - CARDIFF - TIMBLING 45. C- -D-F- - DOCUMENT 46. T- -B- -NG - ALLEN 47. D-C-M- - T 48. .-L- -N VIII.THE ACTION OF AN INSTRUMENT / TEST IS GIVEN. IDENTIFY THE INSTRUMENT / TEST 1. Checking the preferential looking capability of children Ans :Keeler acuity test 2.The cards are presented to the child at a distance of 1m. When the child identifies the shape, next card is shown Ans :Cardiff VA test 3.Name the chart used for measuring vision in illiterate patient. Ans :Tumbling E chart 4. A patient is not able to read last four lines in the Snellen chart. What is his visual acuity Ans :6/24

145 5.A patient is not able to see the torch light ,how to document the visual acuity? Ans :NOPL 6.It is the ability of a person to distinguish an object or letters who rays are parallel and where no accommodation is required Ans :distance visual acuity. 7.This is consists of seven black and white line drawing of birth day cake,telephone ,horseman,teddybear,automobile, house and tree Ans :Allen picture chart. 8.The child ability to see the sweet indicates the vision of 6/24 at the testing distance Ans :cake decoration. 9.What are the colours sensitive to cones in the retina? Ans :( blue, green, red ). 10.Expand ETDRS Ans :Early treatment for diabetic retinopathy study. IX. GIVE THE REASON : 1. E chart is suitable for illiterate patients Ans :Patients have to identify only the direction REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

146 2.Why vision test is measured 6 meter distance? Ans :At 6 meter the rays of light are parallel and appear to be coming from infinity. 3.What is visual acuity ? Ans :Visual acuity is the medical term for sharpness of vision 4.What is the principle of snellenschart? Ans :In Snellens chart the size of the square enclosing a letter is five times the size of the lines. 5.Why testing v/a in 6m? Ans :Because parallel light rays come from 6m. 6.Visual acuity right eye is tested first .Why? Ans :The right eye is tested conventionally first 7.E chart is suitable for illiterate patients? Ans :Patients have to identify only the direction 8. What is the purpose visual acuity? Ans :Sharpness of vision 9.How will you check vision for 3 to 6 months baby? Ans :Fixation and folowing of light.

147 10. How will you measure v/a in 6 to 18 months? Ans :Forced preferential looking 11 .Which chart is commonly used in testing visual acuity? Ans :Snellen chart is used almost universally in testing the acuity of vision. 12.Who invented snellens chart Ans :Snellen’s chart is invented Hermen’ssnellens. 13. Snellen chart is kept at which distance? & Why Ans :The snellen’s chart should be at a distance of six meter or twenty feet. The rays of light from that distance are parallel for practical purpose. 14. How many lines are there in snellen’schart? a. Ans : 7 lines in there snellen’s chart 15. What are the types of visual acuity? Ans :Types of visual acuity distance visual acuity, near visual acuity, pinhole visual acuity. 16. What is the other name of ‘c’ chart? Ans :Landorlt’s broken rings chart is other name of the c chart. 17. What is the visual acuity cards used in children? REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

148 Ans :Cake decaratioin, Teller acuity, Allen picture, SG chart, Cardiff used in children 18.What is SG chart? Ans :SG chart definitioinsheridianGardianel chart. 19. What is abbreviation of PL, HM, PR? Ans :PL- perception of light HM – Hand movement PR – Projection of light 20.What is normal visual acuity? Ans :Normal visual acuity 6/6 21. What are the various chart used at various ages to assess vision? Ans :Landolt broken test useful in age above 4 to 6 years . Allen picture chart is in 3 to 4 years. 22.What are uses of SG test? Ans :Sheridiangardiner test 6 meter or 3meter accurate of the illiterate vision test in children. 23. What is the pathology in congenital colour vision defect? Ans :Congenital colour vision defect occurs if cone pigment is absent. 24. Which lens is used in colour vision patient?

149 Ans :X chromosome is used in colour vision patient. 25. What is the specific test for congenital red green defect? Ans :Ishihara pseudo isochromatic test plates specific test for congenital red green defects. 26.Define abbreviation OD? Ans :OD abbreviation Ocular Dextra. 27.What is abbreviation OS? Ans :OS abbreviation Ocular senistra. 28.Define abbreviation FCF, NOP? Ans :FCF – Fingure counting close to the face NOPL- No light perception 29.IPD – abbreviation? Ans :IPD – Inter pupillary distance 30 .Who invented near visual acuity? Ans :Near visual acuity chart invented by Jaeger in 1867. 31.What is normal reading distance? Ans :Normal reading distance 33cm. REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

150 32. What are the charts used for illiterate people? Ans :E chart, picture chart, Landolt’s chart, broken ring charts is used in illiterate’s people 33.What distance keeler acuity card is kept? Ans :Keeler acuity card at 38cm. 34. What is the other name of keeler acuity test? Ans :Keeler acuity tests other name preferential looking test. X.ENGLISH TO TAMIL : பார்வை - 1. Vision 2. Distinguish அவையாளம்காணு 3. Specific - 4. Without Glasses 5. Illumination சிறப்பு 6. Chart - கிளாஸ்கள்இல்லாமல் - ஒளியூட்டுதல் - - ைிளக்கப்பைம்