QUESTION BANK FINAL

451 57.As convergence improves in dot card patient should be able to change fixation quickly from near dot to a far dot Ans : True 58.Prism Diopter Divergence near 15 and Distance 6/7 Ans : True 59.Head ache and eye strain is not associated with close work Ans : False 60.Measurement of NPC is done uniocularly Ans : False 61.NPC test is not necessary for accommodation insufficiency patient Ans : False 62.In accommodative weakness small power convex glasses can relieve symptoms Ans : True 63.Patching is done to improve vision in amblyopia Ans : True 64.Esophoria corresponds to movement from out to in Ans : False REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

452 Ans : False Ans : True 65. When both eyes rotate outward it is known as convergence Ans : True 66.Exophoria is an indication of fusion weakness Ans : False 67.Torsional diplopia is caused by oblique muscle Ans : True 68.Convergence test is done only under monocular condition Ans : False 69.Convergence is stimulated by base out prism Ans : True 70.Dilated pupils are necessary for squint evaluation. 71.Lateralrectusissuppliedbysixth nerve Ans :True 72.Convergenced efficiency will lead to headache Ans :True 73.Stereopsis can be measured using random dot stereograms

74.Stereopsis is reduced in homonymous hemianopia 453 75.Stereopsis is absent in microtropia 76.Stereopsis is absent in paralytic squints Ans :False Ans :False V. UNSCREABLEWORDS : Ans :False 1. SECLSMU - MUSCLES 2. EROATLV - LEVATOR 3. EARTOVLE - ELEVATOR 4. RESTUC - RECTUS 5. UIREORPS - SUPERIOR 6. OIRBUAISRLC - ORBICULARIS 7. CEDIMLA - MEDICAL 8. IUSNS - SINUS 9. AILRCAN - CRANIAL 10. OELAVFBI - ORBITAL 11. ALIFAC - FACIAL 12. BIOUELQ - OBLIQUE 13. NEIRFOIR - INFERIOR 14. ARELATL - LATARAL 15. PSLUYP - SUPPLY REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

454 16. ILEMAD - MEDICAL 17. EITDIOVNA - DEVIATION 18. DCUABONIT - ABDUCTION 19. DUACINODT - ADDUCTION 20. PSEIEDRSNO - DEPRSSION 21. UTICDNO - DUCTION 22. RIVOENS - VERSION 23. REVGCENE - VERGENCE 24. UWTORDA - OUTWARD 25. ADRNWI - INWARD 26. UARSPTNIOUCTD - SUPRADUCTION 27. INDUCTDANRFI - INFRADUCTION 28. EOVENTMM - MOVEMENT 29. OERTDX - DEXTRO 30. AVOEL - LEAVO 31. AONCTCRINOT - CONTRACTION 32. CLAUMA - MACULA 33. NIUSFO - FUSION 34. VAEOF - FOVEA 35. OEIPSVIT - POSITIVE 36. IEVTEANG - NEGATIVE 37. RIMLAPXO - PROXIMAL 38. TENRPIAON - NEAR POINT 39. ECNMETIER - CENTIMETER 40. TNATSNOC - CONSTANT 41. PRANSEATTRN - TRANPARENT

455 VI. ENGLISH TO TAMIL : - சமச்சீர் - சமச்சீற்ற 1. Symmatrical - பரிமாணங்கள் 2. Assymmatrical - தவலைலி 3. Dimensions - அறுவை சிகிச்வச 4. Headache - பகிங்கரமாை 5. Surgical Treatment - தைறாை ைடிைவமப்பு 6. Manifest - கண் தவச 7. Misalignment - மண்வை நரம்பு 8. Ocular muscle - குைிதல் 9. Cranial nerve - கண் முடி 10. Convergence - அசாதாரணமாைது 11. Eyelid - அதிகப்படியாை 12. Abnormal - கநாயறிதல் 13. Excessive - ஆைணங்கள் 14. Diagnosis - பைம் 15. Documentation - ஆழம் 16. Image - உள் கநாக்கி 17. Depth - உருைாக்கப்பட்ைது 18. Inward 19. Developed REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

456 - தைிப்பட்ை - கார்ைியல் கமற்பரப்பு 20. Individual - அளைிைப்படுகிறது 21. Corneal surface - கண்ைறிதல் 22. Measured - இலக்கு 23. Detect - ஒப்பிடுதல் 24. Target - ைிலகல் 25. Compare - உைைடியாக 26. Deviation - மாறுகண் 27. Immediate - தவச 28. Squint 29. Muscle VII . MATCH THE FOLLOWING : Main and secondary action of the extra ocular muscles Muscle Main action Secondary action LR abduction - MR Adduction - SR Elevation in abduction Adduction in intorsion IR Depression in abduction Adduction in extorsion

457 SO Depression in adduction Abduction in intorsion IO Elevation in adduction Abduction in Extorsion VIII. EXPLAIN BRIEFLY : 1.What are the uses of eye muscle? 2.How many extra ocular muscles? 3.Abbreviation : SR, IR 4.Which muscle is using direct elevation? 5.Which muscle is using both eye adductions? 6.Which muscles used for dextro depression? REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

458 7.What is the main action of LR? 8.What is the main action of SR? 9.Which muscle supply IV nerve?” 10.Which muscle supply VIth nerve? 11.Which muscle supply III nerve? 12.Which muscles using primary position? 13.How many cardinal positions? 14.What is main action of superior oblique muscle?

459 15.What is a main action of inferior oblique muscle? 16.How many types of squint? 17.What is the other name of hetrophoria? 18.How many types of phoria? 19.What is the type of phoria? 20.How many types in exophoria? 21.What is exophoria? 22.What is esophoria? REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

460 23.What is hyperphoria? 24.What is hypophoria? 25.What is the name of the vertical phoia? 26.What is the name of the horizontal phoria? 27.How many types in exotropia? 28.How many types in constant exotropia? 29.What is the name of the divergence excess types? 30.How many types in intermittent exotropia?

461 31.How to you find out divergence excess, true or pseudo? 32.How many time of patch time? 33.What is the common finding in congenital exotropia? 34.Write the secondary reasons for secondary exotropia? 35.What is consecutive exotropia? 36.What is the treatment for constant exotropia? 37.What is the treatment for intermittent exotropia? 38.How to you correct fusion weakness? REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

462 39.How to you correct convergence weakness? 40.What is esotropia? 41.Give example for fully accommodative esotropia? 42.Example for partial accommodative esotropia? 43.Example for non-accommodativeesotropia? 44.Example partial accommodative ET with convergence excess? 45.Which types of SX advised in Exotropia? 46.Which type of SXadvised in esotropia?

463 47.Which instruments are used for BSV test? 48.Normal stereopsis? 49.Normal fusion range? 50.How to you seen near streopsis? IX. TWO MARK QUESTIONS : 1.What is squint? Page no : 60 (Manual ) 2.What are the movements of extra ocular muscles? Page no : 60 (Manual ) 3.How many extra ocular muscle in the eyes? Page no : 60 (Manual ) 4.Write about the nerve supply of the eye? Page no : 60 (Manual ) REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

464 5.Write about the main action of the extra ocular muscle? Page no : 61 (Manual ) 6.Write about the secondary action of extra ocular muscle? Page no : 61 (Manual ) 7.Define-Duct ion& its types? Page no : 61 (Manual ) 8.Define –Version its types? Page no : 61 (Manual ) 9.Write about the vergences? Page no : 61 (Manual ) 10.What is Binocular vision? Page no : 62 (Manual ) 11.Write about components of Binocular vision? Page no : 62 (Manual ) 12.Write about the fusion amplitude? Page no : 63 (Manual )

465 13.Write about the convergence? Page no : 63 (Manual ) 14.How many types of convergence? Page no : 63 (Manual ) 15.Define –Near point of convergence? Page no : 63 (Manual ) 16.Define –Accommodation? Page no : 63 (Manual ) 17.Define-Near point of Accommodation? Page no : 63 (Manual ) 18.Define-Amplitude of Accommodation? Page no : 63 (Manual ) 19.Classification of squint Page no : 63 (Manual ) 20.Define –cover test and types? Page no : 64 (Manual ) REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

466 21.Write about the method of cover test? Page no : 64 (Manual ) 22.What is alternate cover test? Page no : 64 (Manual ) 23.What is the purpose of alternative cover test? Page no : 64 (Manual ) 24. Write about the manifest squint? Page no : 65 (Manual ) 25.Write about the latent squint? Page no : 65 (Manual ) 26.Differentiate between the manifest and latent squint? Page no : 65 (Manual ) 27.Write about the Hirschberg test? Page no : 65 (Manual ) 28.Write about the prism cover test? Page no : 66 (Manual )

467 29.Define-Maddox Rod Page no : 67 (Manual ) 30.Define –Maddox Wing Page no : 67 (Manual ) 31.Define- Near point Rule Page no : 68 (Manual ) 32.Write about the convergence Page no : 63 (Manual ) 33.What is the symptom of convergence insufficiency? Page no : 71 (Manual ) 34.Write about the treatment of convergence insufficiency? Page no : 71 (Manual ) 35.Write about the dot card Page no : 72 (Manual ) 36.Write about the symptoms of accommodative insufficiency Page no : 73 (Manual ) REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

468 37.What is the treatment of accommodative insufficiency? Page no : 73 (Manual ) 38.Define- Heterophoria Page no : 73 (Manual ) 39.Whatis the treatment of heterophoria? Page no : 74 (Manual ) 40.Classification of squint? Page no : 63 (Manual ) X. FIVE MARK QUESTIONS : 1.Differentiate between the positive and Negative amplitude? Page no : 63 (Manual ) 2.Differentiate between the Main and Secondary action of EOM ? Page no : : 61 (Manual ) 3.Explain about the convergence? Page no : : 63 (Manual )

469 4.Explain about the accommodation? Page no : : 63 (Manual ) 5.Write about the procedure of cover test? Page no : : 64 (Manual ) 6.Write about the types of accommodation &how do measure it? Page no : : 68 (Manual ) 7. Explain how the prism cover test can be used for measuring the angle of squint using neutralization of movement. Page no : : 66 (Manual ) 8.Define binocular single vision( BSV ) . List the instruments needed to check BSV. Explain the procedure to measure BSV Page no : : 62 (Manual ) 9.Explain about the how to measure the squint Page no : : 65 (Manual ) XI .GIVE THE REASONS: 1. Tropia is the manifest squint .why ? REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

470 2. If BSV is absent , there is no possibility of presence of fusion and stereopsis . Why ? 3. Exophoria is an indication of fusion weakness. Why ? 4. Check the accommodation uniocularly ?why ? 5. Accommodation tested in purely subjective method. Why ? 6. While checking ocular movements both eye must be visible to the examiner .Why ? 7. Esotropia is seen when the spectacles are removed . why ? 8. Accommodation change in age related why ? 9. Hetrotrophoria ocular if the patient is unable to control the phoria easily. why? 10.The dot card is used to improve the convergence .why ? XII.JUMPING WORDS : - M-SCL-- - HO-IZ--T-- 1. MUSCLES - E-LEV-TO- 2. HORIZONTAL - A-DU-TI-- 3. ELEVATOR - D-PR-S-I-N 4. ABDUCTION - VE-S--NS 5. DEPREISION - V--G-NC- 6. VERSIONS - B-N-UL-- 7. VERGENCE - F-S--N 8. BINOCULAR 9. FUSION

471 10. AMPLITUDE - A-PL-T-DE 11. STREOSCOPIC - ST-R-OS-O—C 12. ACCOMMODATION - AC-OM-OD--ION 13. HETEROTROPIA - HE-ERO--OP-A 14. MANIFEST - MA-IF--T 15. DIPLOPIA - D-PL-PI- XIII. CORRECT SENTENCE : 1. Squint is alignment of the two eyes. Ans :Misalignement 2.Phoria is a constant squint Ans :Tropia 3. Lateral rectus muscle is supplied by fourth nerve . Ans : Third nerve 4. Three red lights indicating Left eye suppression. Ans : Right 5. Supraduction and infraduction apply to outward and inward movement. Ans : Upward , Downward XIV. INSTRUMENTS AND WORK : 1. RAF ruler - Measurement of convergence and Accommodation REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

472 2. Maddox wing - Measurement of angle of squint 3. Loose prism bars - Prism cover test WORKSHEET 5. Which cranial nerve supplies lateral rectus muscles? 2. …………….. are conjugate eye movement in both eye? 3. Inferioroblique secondary action?

473 4 .…………… is the ability to seen different images projected from each eye at the same time? 5.What is Tonic convergence? 6. ……………. Is the response to the individual perception of the nearness of the object? REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

474 7.What is the normal vertical fusion range? 8.Which types of phoria is measured with the vertical prism? 9.Torsional squint other name?

475 10.What is the appreciation 3 D Objectknown as? 11.True stereopsis is obtained only when ………….. is present. 12.What is the method used to as squint with corneal reflection known as? 13.Titmus fly test range of disparity? REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

476 14.What is non cycloplegic refraction? 15.What subjective test in used to find monocular endpoint of refraction?

477 REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

478 CHAPTER - 9 VISUAL FIELD

479 CHAPTER - 9 VISUAL FIELD CONTENTS Normal visual field Monocular visual field Binocular visual field Physiological blind spot Traquair’s concept Principle of visual pathway Abnormal visual fields Contraction Depression Scotoma Basic terminologies Field defects in various parts of the visual pathway Field examination REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

480 Methods of estimating the visual fields: Confrontation Tangent screen Amsler grid Perimeters Lister’s perimeter Goldman perimeter I.ABBREVIATION : 1. VF - Visual Field 2. VP - Visual Pathway 3. CS - Central Scotoma 4. CCS - Central Cecal Scotoma 5. PCS - Para Central Scotoma 6. TS - Tangent Screen 7. BS - Blind Spot 8. LGB - Lateral Geniculate Body 9. ON - Optic Nerve 10. HH - Homonymous Hemianopia 11. PBS - Physiologic Blind Spot 12. BTH - Bi Temporal Hemianopia 13. OR - Optic Radiation 14. VC - Visual Cortex 15. AS - Arcuate Scotoma

481 16. ILV - Island Of Vision 17. TF - Tubular Field 18. LED - Light Emitting Diodes 19. AGT - Amsler Grid Test 20. KP - Kinetic Perimetry 21. SP - Static Perimetry 22. SS - Seidel’s Scotoma 23. SPCS - Superior Para Central Scotoma 24. RNS - Roenne’s Nasal Step 25. BS - Bjerrum’s Screen 26. TC 27. OC - Traquair Concept 28. HFA - Optic Chiasma - Humphery Field Analyser II. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER: 1. Who invented visual field invented ? ........... A] cuighet B] Traquir C] Landolt Ans : A] cuighet 2. The intra orbital length of the optic nerve is -------- A] 1 Mm B] 5 Mm C]25 Mm Ans : C]25 Mm 3. How many parts in visual pathway ?.......... REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

482 A] 4 B] 6 C] 3 Ans : c] 3 4. Loss of vision in the opposite half of visual field a condition known ……….. A] hemianopia b] homonymous c] quandranopia Ans : A] hemianopia 5. Central field with .......... radius of fixation ? A] 30 b] 330 c] 370 Ans : A] 30 6. Portion of peripheral fields radius fixation ? ………. A] 340 b] 330 c] 370 Ans : b] 330 7. Blind spot other name ……. A] physiological blind spot b] beidels scotoma c] a, b Ans : A] physiological blind spot 8. Normal visual field corresponds to the region ……… A] optic nerve head b] optic tract c] optic radiations Ans : A] optic nerve head 9. Blind spot fixation distance ?............

483 A] 17 b] 15 c] 20 Ans : b] 15 10. The normal measurement of the blind spot ?........... A] horizontal 5.5 mm vertical 7.5 b] vertical 7.8 c] a , b Ans : A] horizontal 5.5 mm vertical 7.5 11. The end organ in neutral epithelium ? ……… A] rod b] cones c] a,b Ans : c] a,b 12. The first order neuron ?............. A] bipolar cells in the inner layer of the retina b] lgb c] a, b Ans : A] bipolar cells in the inner layer of the retina 13. The second order neuron ? ………. A] inner layer of the retina b] ganglion cells layer c] a , b Ans : b] ganglion cells layer 14. Campimetry is used to measure ------------ a] squint b]angle of deviation C] field charting Ans : C] field charting 15. Central field of vision is limited up to -------- REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

484 a]20° b] 30° c ]40° Ans : b] 30° 16. Non seeing area told by patients called ……….. A] positive scotoma b] nagative scotoma c] bjerums scotoma Ans : A] positive scotoma 17. Nonseeingarea seen by examiner called ………….. A] positive scotoma b] negative scotoma c] bjerums scotoma Ans : b] negative scotoma 18. Scotoma may be ?.............. A] both eye b] one eye c] unilateral or bilateral Ans : c] unilateral or bilateral 19. Line connecting point of equal visual sensitivity ? ……… A] isopter b] optic nerve c] chiasm Ans : A] isopter 20. Reduced visual sensitivity ……….. A] positive scotoma b]scotoma c] bjerums scotoma Ans : b]scotoma 21. Loss of either superior or inferior field nasal to the physiological blind spot ……….

485 A] altitudinalhaemianopia b] homonymus c] congruous Ans : A] altitudinal haemianopia 22. Defect in same side visual space in both eye is called ……….. A] homonymous b] congrous c] incongrous Ans : A] homonymous 23. Traquirdefinition of visual field is ? ……….. A] island of vision b] traquir c] chiasma Ans : A] island of vision 24. The visual field optic disc corresponds to ? ………. A] scotoma b] blind spot c] isopter Ans : b] blind spot 25. In visual field testing, if the fixation point is not seen is called …… A] central scotoma b] quadranopia c] ceco central scotoma Ans : A] central scotoma 26. The field defect close to but not involving fixation is called ……. A] para central scotoma b] central scotoma c] scotoma Ans : A] para central scotoma 27. If optic nerve is damaged , it causes ………… REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

486 A] unilateral blindness b] scotoma c] visual pathway Ans : A] unilateral blindness 28. Optic tract lesion field defect is ………….. A] homonymoushaemianopia b] quadranopia c] isopter Ans : A] homonymous haemianopia 29. Optic chiasma lesion the field defect is …………. A] homonymoushemianopia b] bitemporalhemianopia c] congruous Ans : b] bitemporalhemianopia 30. The third order neuron …………. A] optic radiation b] lateral geniculate body c] visual pathway Ans : b] lateral geniculate body 31. Optic radiation lesion the defect is …………… A] homonymous hemianopia b] bitemporal hemianopia c] congruous Ans : A] homonymous hemianopia 32. Glaucoma field defect ........types A] 5 b] 4 c] 9 Ans : c] 9

487 33. Other name of double arcutescotoma ................ A] blind spot b] ring scotoma c] hemianopia Ans : b] ring scotoma 34. Early stage of glaucoma field defect was ...... A] blindspot enlargement b] tubular field c] central scotoma Ans : A] blindspot enlargement 35. Other name of bjerrum screen is ...... A] tangent screen b] perimetry c] Confrantation Ans : A] tangent screen 36. Last stage glaucoma field defect ............. A] scotoma b] blind spot c] tubular field Ans : c] tubular field 37. Example of kineticperimetry ............ A] central screen b] bjerrum screen c] peripheral field Ans : b] bjerrum screen 38. How many types of perimetry ......... A] 5 b] 2 c] 3 Ans : b] 2 39. Amslergridwas invented by ........ c] landolt A] maricamsler b] traqiar REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

488 40. Amslergrid determines the ....... Ans : A] maricamsler A] central scotoma b] ring scotoma c] tubular field Ans : A] central scotoma 41. How many types of perimeter ………… A] 2 b] 7 c] 8 42. Explanation of led ………. Ans : A] 2 A] light emitting diodes b] light equar depression c] a,b Ans : A] light emitting diodes 43. Positive scotoma example ………… A] central scotoma b] isopter c] ceco central scotoma Ans : A] central scotoma 44. Negative scotoma example ………… A] central scotoma b] blind spot enlargement c] scotoma Ans : b] blind spot enlargement 45. Peripheral field of vision is tested by -----------

489 a] bjerrum’s screen b] snellen’s chart c]perimeter Ans : c]perimeter 46. Basic defects in visual field are ………… A] depression and scotoma b] contraction c] a, b Ans : c] a, b 47. How many colors are in used in central field stick ……….. A] 4 b] 7 c] 3 Ans : A] 4 48. For testing neuro patient the color used is ………. A] red b] green c] blue Ans : A] red 49. For retina patient testing color used is ……….. A] red b] green c] blue Ans : b] green 50. For glaucoma patient testing colour used is ……….. A] red b] green c] blue Ans : c] blue 51. Nasal step scotoma invented by …………. REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

490 A] landolt b] roenne c] traquir Ans : b] roenne 52. Glaucoma field defect last stage ………. A] roenne b] tubular field c] central field Ans : b] tubular field 53. Enlargement of the blind spot occurs in ------ a] papillodema b] papillitis c] retrobulbar neuritis Ans : a] papillo edema 54. In visual pathway, the second order neuron is………. A]neural epithelium b]bipolar cells c]ganglion cells Ans : b]bipolar cells 55.The superior side of the normal monocular fields corresponds to …… a]100o – 110o b]50o - 60o c] 60o – 70 o Ans : c] 60o – 70 o 56. Any defect in the chiasma will lead to vision loss in ……….. a]in macula b]in any one of the eye c]temporal side of two eyes Ans : c]temporal side of two eyes 57. The point where nasal fibers cross is known as ………… A] visual cortex b] lateral geniculate body c] optic chiasm Ans : c] optic chiasm 59.whichtype of scotoma defect is involving the fixation --------

491 A] centralsecalscotoma b] central scotoma c] ring scotoma Ans : b ] central scotoma 60.howmany radians are there in the tangent screen? ……… A] 24 b] 26 c] 22 Ans : A] 24 61. Bjerrum chart is used to measure ……… A] central 30 degree b] peripheral 30 degree c]both a and b Ans : A] central 30 degree 62. How many circular stitches will be there in bjerrum’s screen? …….. A] 4-5 b] 6 – 7 c] 7-8 Ans : b] 6 – 7 63. The location of blind spot from central fixation point is……… degrees A] 30° b] 10° c]15° Ans : c]15° 64. Scotopic vision is due to ------ A]cones b] rods c] both Ans : b] rods 65. The target size varies from ……… to ………… A] 1mm to 50 mm b] 100 mm to 500 mm c] 1000 mm to 2000 mm REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

492 66.vision is grossly reduced in ------------ Ans : A] 1mm to 50 mm A] papillitis b] papillodema C] pseudopapillitis Ans : A] papillitis 67. What colour of object / stimulus can be used for normal patient? ……. A] blue b]red c]white Ans : c]white 68. Sudden loss of vision occurs in the following except ----------- a]retrobulbar neuritis b] papillodema c] CRAO Ans : b] papillo edema 69. Ring scotoma is seen in ---------- a] papilloedema b] macular odema d]retinitispigmentosa Ans : d]Retinitis Pigmentosa 70 . In anterior ischaemicopticneuropathy the charateristic defect is --------- a] altitudinal field defect b] central scotoma c] nasal step Ans : a] altitudinal field defect 71. Damage in the rods and cones will affect ……… A]coloursensitivity b]shape c]image size

493 Ans : A]coloursensitivity 72. Rods are responsible for ………… A]night vision b]daylight vision c]both night and daylight Ans : A]night vision 73. Cones are responsible for ……….. A]nightvision b]daylight vision c]both night and daylight Ans : b] day light vision 74. The colour of the central fixation point is ………… A]white b]green c]black Ans : A]white 75. Bjerrum screen can be cleaned using …………. A]wet cloth b]soft brush c]sterile cloth Ans : b]soft brush 76. Bjerrum developed from ………… A]capimeter b]goldman perimeter c]hess chart Ans : A]capimeter 77. Bjerrum helps to find ……….. vision A]monocularvision b]binocular vision c]double vision Ans : A]monocular vision 78. Bjerrum has ………….. meridian. A]360 degree b]90 degree c]180 degrees REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

494 Ans : A]360 degree 79. The trainee should stand ………. side during the bjerrum examination A]temporal b]nasal c] middle Ans : A]temporal 80. Target object should not be ………….. A]faded b] damaged c]both Ans : c]both 81.Thelesion before the optic chiasm will be ………. c].unilateral A]. Monocular b].binocular Ans : A]. Monocular 82. The lesion after the optic chiasm will be …….. A]. Monocular b.]Binocular c.]Unilateral Ans : b.]Binocular 83. The lesion at the optic chiasm will be ………… A.]Monocular b].binocular c].bitemporal hemianopia Ans : c].bitemporal hemianopia 84. Lesion on right optic nerve – condition is …………. A.]Right anopia / right eye blindness b]Left eye anopia c]quadrantanopia Ans : A.]Right anopia / right eye blindness 85. In visual pathways the temporal field of vision represents the ……..

495 A.]Temporal retina b].nasal retina c].both Ans : b].nasal retina 86. Definition of visual field is ………. A]. Island of sea in vision of darkness b]. Island of vision in the land c.]Island of vision in the sea of blindness Ans : c.]Island of vision in the sea of blindness 87. The nerve fibres are formed in ……….. A]. Ganglion b].epithelium c.]Nerve fibre layer Ans : C]Nerve fiber layer 88 . All of the following field defects are characteristic of glaucoma except …………. a]arcuate scotoma b] ring scotoma c]binasalquadantropia Ans : C]binasalquadantropia 89. Retina after death becomes ------- a]transparent b]white c] black Ans : B]white 90. What is absolute scotoma? ………. A]. Objects very blurred like dim light b].clear light seen REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

496 c.]Nothing can be seen Ans : c.]Nothing can be seen 91. Lesion of the optic tract causes --------- a] homonymus hemianopia b]bitemporal hemianopia c] binasal hemianopia Ans : a] homonymus hemianopia 92. What is positive scotoma? ………. A.] Patient complaints of non-seeing area b]. Examiner detects the defect c]. Total blindness Ans : A.]Patient complaints of non-seeing area 93. What is negative scotoma? ………. A.]Patient complaints of non-seeing area b]. Examiner detects the defect c]. Total blindness Ans :b]. Examiner detects the defect 94. Central field loss occurs with …………. A.]Retinal detachment b].retinitis pigmentosa c].ARMD Ans : c].ARMD 95. Loss of peripheral vision leads to ……

497 A]. Tunnel vision b].half of vision loss c].cataract Ans : A]. Tunnel vision 96. The visual field defects are classified according to …….. A]. Laterality b].equality c].both Ans : c].both 97.inring scotoma visual field defect ……….. A.]The central macular is totally damaged b]. The fixation area is encircled c]. The blind spot is enlarged Ans : b]. The fixation area is encircled 98. If the fixation area is affected it is ……….. A]. Peripheral scotoma b].angioscotoma c].central scotoma Ans : c].central scotoma 99. If the scotoma is sickle shaped it is __________. [b] A]. Angioscotoma b].seidels scotoma c.]Roenne’s nasal step Ans : b].seidels scotoma 100. If the entire visual field is affected leaving the macula the condition is ………. A]. Cecalscotoma b].macular sparing c].both Ans : b].macular sparing 101. The neuron of the first order in the visual pathway lies in which layer of retina ------------- REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

498 a] inner plexiform b] outer plexiform c]none of the above Ans : c]none of the above 102. Lesions of partial lobe …….. A]. Bitemporalhemianopia b].binasalhemianopia c].quadrantanopia Ans : c] quadrantanopia 104. Lesions of optic nerve will lead to ……… A]. Contra lateral scotoma b].ipsilateral scotoma c].temporal Ans : b] ipsilateral scotoma 105.temporalside is ……….. A.]Towards nasal b].towards ear c.]Combined both Ans : b] towards ear 106. Nasal side is ……….. A]. Towards ear b].towards nose c].combined both Ans : b] towards nose 107.Highest vision resolution is seen in ------------- a] macula lutea b]foveacentralis c] optic disc Ans : b]fovea Centralis 108. Second order neurons in the optic pathway are present in --------- a] superior colliculus b] retina c]medial geniculate body

499 Ans : b] retina 109.Optic disc corresponds to ------- a] macula lutea b] blind spot c]fovea Ans : b] blind spot 110. Central is the portion of the visual field within ……… A.] 60 degree b].30 degree c]. 90 degrees Ans : b] 30 degree 111. The visual field defect is due to ……… A]. Peripheral field loss b].central field loss c].both Ans : c]both 112. The peripheral visual field is more than the central visual field in ……… A.]Humans b].birds ananimals c].both of them Ans : b]birds and animals 113. Macula is the small area at the …………. of the retina. [a] A]. Center b.]Left c].right Ans : A] Center 114. Loss of vision in a quarter visual field is ………. A]. Scotoma b].homonymous c].quadrantanopia REFRACTION DEPARTMENT-CBE

500 Ans : c] quadrantanopia 115. Complete visual field defect is ……… A]. Isopter b].anopsia c].hemianopia Ans : b] anopsia 116. Affecting the same part of the visual field of each eye is ……… A]. Scotoma b].homonymous c.]Quadrantanopia Ans : b] homonymous 117. `ipsi‘lateral defect means ………. A. ]defect on the opposite side b]. Defect on the superior side c]. Defect on the same side Ans : c] Defect on the same side 118. Lesion over right or left optic tract leads to ………….. A.]Homonymous hemianopia b].hemianopia c].superior quadrantanopia Ans : A]Homonymous hemianopia 119. Lesion in the superior meyer’s loop leads to ………. A]. Homonymous hemianopia b].hemianopia c].superior quadrantanopia Ans : ] Superior quadrantanopia 120. Lesions of the parietal radiations lead to …………. A]. Inferior quadrantanopia b].hemianopia c.] Superior quadrantanopia Ans : A] Inferior quadrantanopia