Migration Textbook

adamianis usafrTxoebis ZiriTad kriteriumebs ori garemoeba emateba:(1) mimRebi qveynis erovnuli usafrTxoebisa da Sida uSiSroebiskonteqsti, romelic vlindeba saxelmwifos mxridan migraciispolitikis, sapolicio kontrolisa da dazvervis ganxorcielebaSi; da(2) mimRebi sazogadoebis tolerantoba, rac sazogadoebis identobisSemadgeneli nawilia da Tavs iCens saxelmwifosa da sazogadoebismier ucxoelisTvis garkveuli iarliyis mikerebasa da imigrantisTvissxvadasxva socialuri da ekonomikuri institutebis gaxsnilobaSi.SesavalSi ukve avxseniT, rom XX saukunis bolos saerTaSorisourTierTobebSi mniSvnelovnad Seicvala saerTaSoriso konfliqtebisda omis xasiaTi da, Sesabamisad, saxelmwifosTvis safrTxisganmarteba. Sedegad, usafrTxoebis Seswavlis da analizis obieqtivSisaxelmwifoebTan erTad sxvadasxva tipis dajgufebebi, organizaciebida fizikuri pirebic moeqcnen, migracia da migrantebi ki saxelmwifousafrTxoebis samsaxurTa monitoringis aucilebeli obieqti gaxda.jef huismani xsnis, rogor warimarTa es procesi da ra subieqturTu obieqtur faqtorTa urTierTzemoqmedebiT Seiqmna cneba,rom migracia saxifaTo fenomenia.73 igi aanalizebs politikosTagancxadebebis, akademiuri seqtoris da e.w. eqspertuli anukonkretuli sferos profesionalTa mosazrebebis rols pirveladiSexedulebebis damkvidrebaSi. magaliTad, rodesac didi britaneTissamarTaldamcavma struqturam (Home Office) 2004 wels Tavisi xuTwlianisamoqmedo gegma gamoaqveyna, sxva prioritetul sakiTxebTan erTadCamoTvlili iyo sazRvarze eleqtronuli saTvalTvalo sistemisdayeneba terorizmis safrTxisa da aralegaluri migraciis Tavidanasacileblad, TavSesafris sistemaze gaweuli xarjebis Semcireba,ubnis inspeqtoris msgavs saTemo oficerTa raodenobis gazrda dasxv. erTi mxriv, aralegaluri migraciisa da TavSesafris sakiTxTamoxvedra CamonaTvalSi savsebiT logikuri iyo, radgan maTi marTvaam struqturis funqciebSi Sedioda; Tumca, meore mxriv, terorizmis,aralegaluri migraciisa da TavSesafris gverdigverd xsenebamwamkiTxvelisTvis imaze meti kavSiri Seqmna am movlenebs Soris, vidresamoqmedo gegmis avtorebi gulisxmobdnen.74kidev ufro mniSvnelovania, rogor iTargmneba es Sexedulebebibiurokratiuli aparatis da e.w. teqnokratebis mier yoveldRiurRonisZiebebSi – magaliTad, sazRvris marTvis, ucxoelTaTvisbinadrobis nebarTvis an TavSesafris maZiebelTa ganacxadebisganxilvis procedurebSi, romlebic pirdapir aisaxeba migrantTa73 Jef Huysmans, Jef Huysmans, The Politics of Insecurity: Fear, Migration and Asylum in the EU, Tavi 1: The Politics of Insecurity, technology and the political. New International Relations series, 2006. nana­ xia 12.05.2017 w. http://oro.open.ac.uk/4234/.74 iqve.550 მიგრაციის სახელმძღვანელო

cxovrebaze. ase, magaliTad, 2014-2015 wlebSi gaxSirda `islamurisaxelmwifos~ mier qarTul enaze gavrcelebuli propagandulida muqaris Semcveli videorgolebi, aseve, saqarTvelodan si­riaSi mebrZolebis organizebuli gayvanis faqtebi. Sedegad, gada­wyvetilebis mimRebma pirebma da Sesabamisi sferos eqspertebma dai­wyes saubari `islamuri saxelmwifodan~ momdinare safrTxeebze.75safrTxis aRqma kidev ufro gamwvavda parizis 2015 wlis 13 noem­bris teroristuli aqtebis Semdeg. axali safrTxis ganmarteba praq­tikaSi, erTi mxriv, sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebSi aisaxa da sisxlis­samarTlebrivi pasuxismgebloba daekisra sazRvargareT ukanonosabrZolo moqmedebebSi monawile saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs, xolomeore mxriv, gamkacrda kontroli sazRvarze, ramac gavlena iqoniarigiT migrantebsa da turistebze muslimuri qveynebidan.76daskvnis saxiT SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom saxelmwifom unda SeimuSaossworad dabalansebuli politika, romelic Tanabrad uzrunvelyofsqveynis usafrTxoebisa da adamianis uflebaTa dacvas - sakuTari qvey­nis moqalaqeebis Tu migrantebisaTvis.kazusi 2. TavSesafris maZieblebi da ltolvilebi saqarTveloSi1999 wels ruseTis federaciaSi (CeCneTis a/r respublikaSi)dawyebul saomar moqmedebaTa gamo saqarTvelom 9,000-mde eTnikurCeCens mianiWa TavSesafari. 2015 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT, maTgan228 ltolvilis statusis mqone piria darCenili saqarTveloSi.danarCeni an samSobloSi dabrunda situaciis daregulirebisSemdeg, an gaeros ltolvilTa umaRlesi komisariatis SuamavlobiTmesame qveyanaSi gadasaxlda. ramdenime aseulma CeCenma saqarTve­los moqalaqeobac miiRo.2012 wlidan saqarTveloSi TavSesafris maZiebelTa raodenobaisev gaizarda. amJamad iZulebiT migrantTa TiTqmis 2/3 erayidanSemodis. 2012-2014 wlebSi miRebuli erayelTa ganacxadebis raod­ e­nobam 2,000-s miaRwia. 2014 wlidan matulobs ukrainis aRmosavl­ e­Ti regionebidan konfliqts gamoridebuli pirebis ricxvic. 2010-2014 wlebSi sul 2,302 pirs mieniWa TavSesafari saqarTveloSi. escifri umniSvneloa rogorc mezobel TurqeTTan da evrokavSiris75 Rustavi 2, The so-called `Islamic State~ is the form of the global terrorist threat today, Vakhtang Gome- lauri, 22/07/2015. Sputnik-Georgia, Kapanadze: Islamic State contains threat for Georgia, 25/06/2015. Public Broadcasting Radio, Islamic State and Anticipated Threats for Georgia, 20/07/2015.76 saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi, 2014 wlis 4 aprils da 2015 wlis 12 ivniss 327, 3271 da 328 muxlebSi Setanili cvlilebebi.მიგრაციისა და უსაფრთხოების ურთიერთკავშირი მსოფლიოსა და საქართველოში 551

wevr qveynebTan, ise saqarTveloSi iZulebiTi migraciis winamasStabebTan SedarebiT. 2014 wels ltolvilTa saerTo raodenobamTeli mosaxleobis mxolod 0.06%–s Seadgenda. TavSesafris maZiebelTa ganacxadebi saqarTveloSiwarmoSobis 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 sul qveyana 1 0 438 478 1070 1987erayi – – 1 2 419 422ukraina 0 0 17 60 79 156siria 0 0 26 79 41 146egvipte 32 33 36 28 30 159ruseTi 4 31 41 26 44 146irani 17 15 40 44 109 225sxva 54 79 1792 3241sul 599 717wyaro: saqarTvelos okupirebuli teritoriebidan iZulebiTgadaadgilebul pirTa, gansaxlebisa da ltolvilTa saministro,saqarTvelos 2015 wlis migraciis profili.miuxedavad amisa, weliwadSi 1,000 da meti TavSesafris ganacxadisganxilva sakmaod rTuli amocanaa saqarTvelos saerTaSorisodacvis sistemisTvis, romlis sakanonmdeblo CarCo jerkidev yalibdeba, administraciuli da adamianuri resursi kiSezRudulia.saqarTvelos saxelmwifo, saerTaSoriso partniorebisa dadonorebis xelSewyobiT, pirvel etapze exmareba TavSesafrismaZieblebs. vidre maTi ganacxadebi ganixileba da gadawydeba,mieniWebaT Tu ara maT ltolvilis an humanitaruli statusi, isiniuzrunvelyofilni arian sacxovrebeli adgiliT da pirveladiaucilebeli samedicino Tu sxva daxmarebiT. Tumca statusismiRebis Semdeg saxelmwifo maT mxolod minimalur finansurdaxmarebas uwevs. ltolvilebs TviTon uxdebaT cxovrebisxarjebis dafarva, samsaxuris povna, enis swavla da qarTulsazogadoebaSi adgilis damkvidreba.77 qveyanaSi enis Semswavlelida profesiuli gadamzadebis SesaZleblobebi SezRudulia, maTze77 Mariam Chumburidze et al., The State of Migration in Georgia.Vienna: International Centre for Migration Policy Development, 2015, http://www.enigmma.ge/report-on-state-of-migration-in-georgia/, nanaxia 12.04.2017 w.552 მიგრაციის სახელმძღვანელო

ltolvilebs yovelTvis ar aqvT informacia, an ar miuwvdebaTxeli. saqarTvelos susti socialuri dacvis sistema iseTive mcireSesaZleblobebs sTavazobs saerTaSoriso dacvis qveS myof pirebs,rogorsac Tavis moqalaqeebs.aseve aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelo jer kidev rCeba ltolvilTawarmoSobis qveynad. gaeros ltolvilTa umaRlesi komisariatismonacemebiT, 2014 wels Cveni qveynis 12,145-ma moqalaqem moiTxovaTavSesafari msoflios sxvadasxva saxelmwifoSi. maTgan yvelazemeti ganacxadi germaniaSi (3,180), safrangeTSi (2,849), saberZneTsa(1,264) da SvedeTSi (1,123) Sevida.78 kiTxvebi msjelobisaTvis1. rogor Seicvala civi omis Semdgomi saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi da konfliqtebi da ra gavlena iqonia aman migraciaze?2. ras vgulisxmobT migraciis `sekuritizaciaSi~? Tqven rogor moiazrebT am termins?3. ra dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi aqvs migracias qveynis erovnuli usafrTxoebisTvis?4. ras warmoadgens sazRvris erTiani marTvis koncefcia?5. ra kavSiria savizo politikasa da erovnul usafrTxoebas Soris?6. ra rols TamaSobs identoba sazogadoebisa da adamianis usafrT­ xoebaSi? saSinao davaleba waikiTxeT kazusi - qarTuli sazogadoebis identoba da migracia• ras niSnavs iyo qarTveli? ra faqtorebi gansazRvravs TqvenTvis qarTul identobas?78 Migration Profile of Georgia, Emigration, State Commission on Migration Issues, 2015. 553მიგრაციისა და უსაფრთხოების ურთიერთკავშირი მსოფლიოსა და საქართველოში

• Tqveni azriT, qarTvelebis `TviTaRqma~ ra gavlenas axdens sazogadoebis mier imigrantTa aRqmaze?• daasaxeleT qarTuli sazogadoebis evoluciis/ganviTarebis xelS­ emwyobi da xelSemSleli faqtorebi. waikiTxeT kazusi - TavSesafris maZiebelni da ltolvilebi saqarTveloSi• Tqveni azriT, ra unda gakeTdes saqarTveloSi TavSesafris maZie­ belTa da ltolvilTa usafrTxoebis gasaumjobeseblad?• SegiZliaT daasaxeloT safrTxeebi, romlebic TavSesafris maZi­ ebelTa raodenobis zrdis gamo eqmneba qarTuli sazogadoebis usafrTxoebas? Tqven mier dasaxelebuli safrTxe realuria Tu warmosaxviTi?• ra nabijebi unda gadaidgas (saxelmwifos, arasamTavrobo organi­ zaciebis da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis mxridan) sazogadoebis usafrTxoebisaTvis migraciasTan asocirebuli safrTxeebis minimumamde Sesamcireblad?• gaixseneT da gaanalizeT mniSvnelovani politikuri Tu sxva gancxadebebi da movlenebi, romlebmac gavlena iqonia sazogado­ ebis an politikuri wreebis SexedulebaTa formirebaze.bibliografia da rekomendebuli literatura1. Mariam Chumburidze, Nino Ghvinadze, Sopiko Gvazava, Roland Hosner, Violeta Wagner and Tamar Zurabishvili, The State of Migration in Georgia, Vienna: International Centre for Migration Policy Development, 2015. http://www.enigmma.ge/report-on-state-of-migration-in-georgia/;2. Guidelines for IBM in EC External Cooperation, European Commission, November 2009;3. Jef Huysmans, The Politics of Insecurity: Fear, Migration and Asylum in the EU, New International Relations series, 2006. http://oro.open.ac.uk/4234/;4. Jef Huysmans, The European Union and Securitization of Migration, Journal of Common Market Studies 38, 2000. http://bit.ly/2fwJ5no;554 მიგრაციის სახელმძღვანელო

5. Mary Kaldor, In Defence of New Wars. Stability, International Journal of Security and Development. 2(1), 2013. DOI:http://doi.org/10.5334/sta.at;6. William Young, David Stebbins, Bryan A. Frederick and Omar Al-Shahery, From the Conflict in Syria. RAND Corporation, 2014. http://bit.ly/2w4Lhf8;7. Engy Abdelkader, When Islamophobia Turns Violent: The 2016 US Presidential Elections, Special Report, The Bridge Initiative, A Georgetown University Research Project, 2016;8. Fiona Adamson, Crossing Borders: International Migration and National Security. International Security, t. 31, # 1, MIT Press, 2006;9. Barry Buzan, Societal security, state security and internationalization, ix. krebulSi Identity, Migration, and the New Security Agenda in Europe, ed. Buzan, B., Woever, O. et al. St. Martin’s Press, 1993. http://bit.ly/2wsYLTa;10. Paul Yunsik Chang, Asian American Immigration and Identity Transformation, Stanford University, 2007;11. Paul Collier, Economic Causes of Civil Conflict and Their Implications for Policy, World Bank, 2000;12. Earl Conteh-Morgan, Globalization and Human Security: A Neo-Gramscian Perspective. The International Journal of Peace Studies t. 6, # 2, 2001;13. Convention on the Status of Refugee, amendments introduced in accordance to 1967 protocol;14. CENN, Ecomigration in Georgia. Background, Gaps and Recommendation, 2013. http://w3.cenn.org/wssl/uploads/Eco_migration_Georgia_FINAL_23052014.docx;15. Thomas Faist, Extension du domaine de la lutte: International Migration and Security Before and After 11 September 2001, ix. krebulSi The Migration Reader: Exploring Politics and Policies by Messina, A. et al., 2006;16. Vakhtang Gomelauri, The so-called ‘Islamic State’ is the form of the global terrorist threat today, Rustavi 2, July 22, 2015. http://rustavi2.com/ka/news/22049;17. Dmitry Gorenburg, Soviet Nationalities Policy and Assimilation, ix. krebulSi Rebounding Identities: The Politics of Identity in Russia and Ukraine, eds. Ruble, B., Popson, N., Arel, D. Cambridge University Press, 2006;18. Guidelines for IBM in EC External Cooperation, European Commission, November 2009;მიგრაციისა და უსაფრთხოების ურთიერთკავშირი მსოფლიოსა და საქართველოში 555

19. Jessica Hardy, J. Does multiculturalism make soceity less cohesive? Politics Review, t. 24, # 2, 2014;20. Martin O. Heisler, Zig Layton-Henry, Migration and the links between social and societal security, ix. krebulSi Identity, Migration, and the New Security Agenda in Europe, eds. Buzan, B., Woever, O. et al. St. Martin’s Press, 1993. https://goo.gl/dCGNR5;21. Human Development Report; New York: Oxford University Press; UNDP, 1994. http://bit.ly/1bnKsJR;22. Mary Kaldor, New and Old Wars.Organized Violence in the Global Era. Stanford University Press, 1999;23. Kapanadze, Islamic State contains threat for Georgia. Sputnik-Georgia, June 25, 2015;24. Julie Kim, Macedonia: Recent Conflict, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 2001;25. Frank Laczko, Migration Flows to Europe. Global Migration Data Analysis Centre, IOM, 2015;26. Looking Through the Party Lenses. A Comparative Study of Georgian Political Parties’ Views on Foreign and National Security Policies; Association for International Relations, 2010;27. Jon Lunn, The African Great Lakes Region: An end to Conflict? House of Common Library, Research Paper 06/51 25 OCTOBER 2006. researchbriefings. files.parliament.uk/documents/RP06-51/RP06-51.pdf;28. Major US Immigration Laws 1790 – present. Fact Sheet,Migration Policy Institute, 2015. http://www.migrationpolicy.org/research/timeline-1790;29. Matsbadze, M. Max Weber Political Theory, Lecture Course, 2014;30. Denise Natali, Kurdish Interventions in the Iraq War, ix. krebulSi Diasporas in Conflict eds. Smith, H. and Stares, P. United Nations University Press, 2007; http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/sample-chapters/1140-DiasporasInConflict.pdf;31. Raphael Perl, The Department of Homeland Security: Background and Challenges in Terrorism: Reducing Vulnerabilities and Improving Responses. The National Academic Press (2004). http://www.nap.edu/read/10968/chapter/24#177;556 მიგრაციის სახელმძღვანელო

32. Robert I. Rothberg, State Failure and State Weakness in a Time of Terror, Chapter 1: Failed States, Collapsed States, Weak States: Causes and Indicators; World Peace Foundation, 2003;33. Christopher Rudolph, Security and Political Economy of Migration, American Political Science Review 97, #4, 2003;34. Salehyan Idean, Gleditsch Christian, Refugees and the Spread of Civil War, International Organisation, Vol 60, #2. 361;35. Shain Yossi, and Barth Aharon, Diasporas and IR Theory, International Organisation, t. 57, #3;36. Hazel Smith, Diasporas in International Conflict, ix. krebulSi Diasporas in Conflict eds. Smith, H. and Stares, P.United Nations University Press, 2007. http:// archive.unu.edu/unupress/sample-chapters/1140-DiasporasInConflict.pdf;37. Hazel Smith and And Paul Stares, Diasporas in Conflict. United Nations University, 2007. http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/sample-chapters/1140- DiasporasInConflict.pdf;38. Myron Weiner, A Security Perspective on International Migration. The Fletcher Forum on World Affairs, t. 20, # 2, 1996;39. Myron Weiner, Security, Stability and International Migration, Journal International Security t. 17, #3, 1994;40. Weiss, K. The making of a climate refugee, Foreign Policy. 2016. https://goo.gl/umEF1H;41. Ole Woever, Societal security: the concept, ix. krebulSi Identity, Migration, and the New Security Agenda in Europe eds. Buzan, B., Woever, O. et al. St. Martin’s Press, 1993. https://goo.gl/7Y5L3U;42. Sarah Wolff, EU Integrated Border Management beyond Lisbon, CESP, 2011;43. The Interpreter, Massive exodus of migrant workers from Russia begins, December 22, 2014;44. Deutsche Welle, Attacks against Muslims on the rise after Paris strikes, November 26, 2015. http://bit.ly/2xtTKJj;45. Black Lives Matter, http://blacklivesmatter.com;46. BBC Bitesize, Causes and impacts relating to forced and voluntary migration. http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/z8g334j/revision/1;მიგრაციისა და უსაფრთხოების ურთიერთკავშირი მსოფლიოსა და საქართველოში 557

47. The New York Times, Eastern Bloc’s Resistance to Refugees Highlights Europe’s Cultural and Political Divisions, September 12, 2015. http://nyti.ms/1K4dCi9;48. The Huffington Post,How the Refugee Crisis is Fueling the Rise of Europe’s Right, November 2, 2015. http://bit.ly/1PmjOrs;49. Innovation and Reform Center (IRC), Immigration to Georgia: Existing Situation and Challenges. Report Findings, 2015;50. Islamic State and Anticipated Threats for Georgia. July 20, 2015. http://sputnik-georgia.com/politics/20150625/227937528.html;51. Broadcasting Radio, Islamic State and Expected Threats for Georgia, July 20, 2015. http://1tv.ge/ge/videos/view/149182.html;52. Center for Tolerance at the Public Defender’s Office of Georgia, Map of Ethnical Composition of Georgia, http://bit.ly/2fg7Lni;53. State Commission on Migration Issues, Migration Profile of Georgia, 2015. http://migration.commission.ge/files/migration_profile_of_georgia_2015.pdf;54. Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of States. http://on.cfr.org/1xHtD91;55. Daily Record, More than 60 hate crimes against Muslims reported in Scotland since Paris terror attacks. November 20, 2015. http://bit.ly/2wD0fFs;56. Independent, “Nazi-inspired” anti-immigration group becomes Sweden’s most popular party. August 21, 2015. https://goo.gl/yCBvWC;57. Business Insider, Russia’s migrant workers are leaving. December 19, 2014. http://read.bi/2jGs52w;58. Amnesty International, Syria’s refugee crisis in numbers. September 4, 2015. http://bit.ly/1KvPB9p;59. The Financial Times, Tensions Over Migration, Barbed Rhetoric. November 26, 2015. http://on.ft.com/2wD0lgi;60. Newsru, Visa regime on the border of Russia and Georgia is revoked, declared Putin. August 8, 2001. http://palm.newsru.com/russia/08may2001/viza.html;61. Al Jazeera, Where will the climate refugees go?, December 22, 2015. http://bit.ly/1mfFpHd;62. Business Contact, Why was not manager of ‘UAE bank’ rejected entry in Georgia - I was told that my religion was not the reason, December 25, 2015. https://goo.gl/FGEqDi;558 მიგრაციის სახელმძღვანელო

63. revaz gaCeCilaZe, axlo aRmosavleTi, Tbilisi: 2007;64. „saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sazRvris marTvis strategiis damtkicebis Sesaxeb“ saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2014 wlis 13 martis №226 dadgenileba;65. 2011 wlis 23 dekembris saqarTvelos parlamentis dadgenileba # 5589-rs „saqarTvelos erovnuli usafrTxoebis koncefciis“ damtkicebis Sesaxeb“.მიგრაციისა და უსაფრთხოების ურთიერთკავშირი მსოფლიოსა და საქართველოში 559

abreviaturebiAD laTinuridan Anno Domini - qristeSobidan.ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations samxreT-aRmosavleT aziis qveynebis asociaciaBBC britaneTis samauwyeblo korporaciaBC inglisuridan: Before Christ - qristeSobamdeBCE inglisuridan: before the Common Era - Cvens eramde, Zv. w.BP inglisuridan: before present - Cvens eramde, Zv. w.C inglisuridan: convention - konvencia.CE inglisuridan: Common Era - Cv. w.CIM saerTaSoriso migraciisa da ganviTarebis centriCRRC Caucasus Research Resource Centreed. inglisuridan: editor - redaqtori.ENP evropuli samezoblo politikaet al. laTinuridan: da sxvebi.ETS inglisuridan: European Treaty Series - evropul xelSekrulebaTa seriaICMPD migraciis politikis ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso centriIDMC iZulebiT gadaadgilebis monitoringis centriMP partnioroba mobilurobisTvisNATO Crdilo-atlantikuri xelSekrulebis organizaciaUNHCR gaeros ltolvilTa umaRlesi komisariatia.S. ase SemdegaSS amerikis SeerTebuli Statebigaero gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciagdr germaniis demokratiuli respublikagv. gverdie.w. egreT wodebulimln milionimso msoflio savaWro organizaciamSp mTliani Sida produqtipgo palestinis ganmaTavisuflebeli organizaciassrk sabWoTa socialisturi respublikebis kavSirisxv. sxvaCv. w. Cveni welTaRricxva, axali welTaRricxvaZv. w. Zveli welTaRricxva, Cvens welTaRricxvamde.w. weliww. wlebi560 მიგრაციის სახელმძღვანელო

terminebis ganmartebademografiuli - sxvadasxva tipis sidideebis zogadi dasaxeleba, romlebickoeficientebi axasiaTeben mosaxleobis sxvadasxva saxis maxasiaTebelTa Tanafardobas, mosaxleobis struqturas, calkeul demo- grafiul procesebsa da mosaxleobis aRwarmoebas mTlianad. aseTi Tanafardobebis raodenobrivi gamoxatuleba k.d.-is saxiT gamowveulia imiT, rom demografiuli SemTxvevebis absoluturi raodenoba damokidebulia mosaxleobis an ko- hortis raodenobaze, romelSic xdeba mocemuli SemTxveve- bi. amasTan, ama Tu im mosaxleobis jgufebis raodenoba Tav- is mxriv damokidebulia mTeli mosaxleobis raodenobaze, romelSic Sedis mocemuli jgufi. amitom sxvadasxva mosax- leobis an sxvadasxva periodis absolutur raodenobaTa Se- dareba daamaxinjebda namdvil Tanafardobas. swored aseTi mdgomareobis Tavidan asacileblad iyeneben k.d.-s. praqti- kulad nebismieri saxis k.d. warmoadgens ama Tu im sidideeb- isa da mosaxleobis raodenobis, an misi romelime nawilis kohortis raodenobasTan an demografiuli SemTxvevebis raodenobasTan Tanafardobas. k.d. statistikaSi miRebu- li klasifikaciiT, warmoadgenen SefardebiT gamosaxul Tvisebriv maCveneblebs, romelTa meSveobiT SeiZleba gan- isazRvros procesis ganviTarebis siswrafe, SemTxvevaTa warmoSobis sixSire, urTierTkavSiri, variacia da sxv. k.d. gamoisaxeba procentebiT, promilebiT, erTeuliT. gamoy- ofen k.d.-is or msxvil klass: 1) mosaxleobis cvalebadobis (moZraobis) siCqarisa da demografiuli procesebis inten- sivobis koeficientebs; 2) struqturul koeficientebs. pirveli klasis maCveneblebi asaxaven warmodgenas mosax- leobis aRwarmoebaze rogorc uwyvet procesze, romel- ic garkveuli intensivobiT mimdinareobs. maTSi gamoiyo- fa k.d.-is jgufebi, romlebic axasiaTeben: 1) mosaxleobis cvalebadobis siCqares mTlianobaSi rogorc im adamianTa erTobliobas, romelic mudmivad icvleba demografiuli SemTxvevebis gavleniT; 2) demografiuli procesebis inten- sivobas mosaxleobaSi an kohortaSi. is Tavis mxriv iyofa or saxeobad: a) zogadi, specialuri da standartizebuli koeficientebi, romlebic gamoiangariSeba mTeli mosax- leobisaTvis da b) kohortaSi demografiuli procesis in- tensivobis maCveneblebi (ganzogadebis xarisxis mixedviT – intervaluri, kumulatiuri, jamobrivi); 3) erTi Taobis meoriT Senacvlebis xarisxi anu mosaxleobis aRwarmoebis koeficientebi. meore klasis maCveneblebi iyofa or jgufad: 1) datvirTvis maCveneblebi - zomaven Tanafardobas mosaxleobis calkeul nawils Soris (Svilianobis indeqsi, demografiuli dat- virTva); 2) maCveneblebi, romlebic axasiaTeben garkveuli niSnebis mqone mosaxleobis ama Tu im jgufis adamianTa an demografiul SemTxvevaTa wils (ojaxianobis koeficienti da sxv.).ტერმინების განმარტება 561

demografiuli aris mniSvnelovani cvlileba demografiul procesebSi,movlena romelic arsebiT gavlenas axdens mosaxleobis aRwarmoeba- ze.demografiuli aris adamianTa sicocxleSi Tanamosaxele (erTgvarovani)procesi SemTxvevebis Tanmimdevroba, romelsac mniSvneloba aqvs TaobaTa cvlisaTvis. demografiul process miekuTvneba Sobadoba, mokvdaoba, qorwineba, qorwinebis Sewyveta (gan- qorwineba, daqvriveba).demografiuli xdeba calkeuli adamianis cxovrebaSi. zogi demografi-SemTxveva uli SemTxveva zrdis mosaxleobis an ojaxTa raodenobas (dabadeba, qorwineba), zogierTi – amcirebs maT (sikvdili, qorwinebis Sewyveta), xolo zogi demografiuli SemTxve- va iwvevs mosaxleobis erTi jgufidan meoreSi gadasvlas (dabali asakobrivi jgufidan maRalSi gadasvla) da cvlis mxolod mosaxleobis Semadgenlobas.erToblivi saqonlisa da momsaxurebis raodenoba, romlis SesyidvacmoTxovna: surT saojaxo meurneobebs, firmebsa da mTavrobas, fasebis mocemul doneze.investicia: kapitalis dabandeba ekonomikur saqmianobaSi mogebis an/da socialuri efeqtis miRebis mizniT.inflacia: ekonomikaSi fasTa saerTo donis zrda, sabazo msyidvelu- narianobis donesTan SedarebiT.iuridiulimosaxleoba mosaxleobis kategoriaa, romelic aerTianebs mocemul dasaxlebul punqtTan registraciis ama Tu im wesiT daka- vSirebul adamianebs (mag. CaweriT). iuridiuli mosaxleo- ba ar aris mudmivi da faqtobrivi mosaxleobis Sesatyvisi, vinaidan es ukanaskneli ori kategoria gamoiyofa adamianTa binadrobis faqtobrivi xasiaTis safuZvelze da ara misi ad- ministraciuli gaformebis mixedviT.mTliani Sida wlis ganmavlobaSi qveynis SigniT warmoebuli sabolooproduqti (mSp): produqciis sabazro Rirebulebis maCvenebeli.mosaxleoba Ria es aris mosaxleoba, romlis saerTo da asakobriv-sqesobri- vi Semadgenloba icvleba ara marto mosaxleobis aRwarmoe- bis procesis, aramed migraciis gavleniTac, romelic ganix- ileba mosaxleobis raodenobis Sevsebis (klebis) wyarod.mosaxleoba es aris mosaxleoba, romlis saerTo raodenoba da asako-Caketili briv-sqesobrivi Semadgenloba icvleba mxolod mosaxle-(daxuruli) obis aRwarmoebis procesis (e.i. Sobadobisa da mokvdaobis urTierTqmedebis) Sedegad da ar ganicdis migraciis gav- lenas.562 მიგრაციის სახელმძღვანელო

mudmivi mosaxleobis ZiriTadi kategoriaa, romelic moicavs adami-mosaxleoba anTa erTobliobas, romlisTvisac mocemuli dasaxlebuli punqti an teritoria mocemuli droisaTvis warmoadgens Cveulebrivi binadrobis adgils. mudmivi mosaxleoba aRir- icxeba mosaxleobis aRwerisas XIX saukunis Sua periodidan dawyebuli. mudmivi binadrobis gansazRvris kriteriumebi icvleboda droTa ganmavlobaSi da gansxvavdeba qveynebis mix­ edviT.multiplika­ arapirdapiri zemoqmedeba qveynis ekonomikaze, romelictoris efeqti: ful­ adi gzavnilebiT Semosuli Tanxis daxarjviT miiReba.sajaro sajaro moxeleebis mier saxelmwifo Semosavlebisa da xar-finansebi: jebis marTvasicocxlis wlebi, romelic saSualod mosalodnelia moicavdes adami-mosalodneli anis sicocxles garkveul asakSi yofnisas.xangrZlivobasocialuri uz­ saxelmwifos mier sazogadoebis wevrTa dacvis solidar-runvelyofis obis meqanizmi (iseTi socialuri riskebisagan, rogoricaa Sromisuunaroba, sibere, marCenalis dakargva, janmrTelo-sistema: bis gaureseba/avadmyofoba, umuSevroba, Svilebis gazrdis xarjebi, siRaribe da sxv.).faruli moicavs individebs, romlebic formalurad iricxebianumuSevroba: dasaqmebulebad, arasruli samuSao droiT arian dasaqme- bulni an, muSaobasTan erTad, aqtiurad eZeben samsaxurs.faqtobrivimosaxleoba mosaxleobis ZiriTadi kategoriaa, romelic moicavs ada- mianTa erTobliobas, romelic aRweris momentSi imyofeba mocemul dasaxlebul punqtSi an mocemul teritoriaze. faqtobrivi mosaxleoba aRiricxeba mosaxleobis aRwerisas a. ketles mier belgiaSi 1846 wels Catarebuli aRweridan moyolebuli. qarTul specialur literaturaSi faqtobri- vi mosaxleobis nacvlad xSirad arasworad gamoiyeneba ter- mini ~saxeze myofi mosaxleoba~.jinis Semosavlebis ganawilebis sazomia. indeqsis mniSvneloba 0koeficienti: miuTiTebs uTanabrobis ararsebobaze, xolo 1 - maqsimalur uTanabrobaze.ტერმინების განმარტება 563

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