Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 93 rPwpahH; : ,d;Wk; tpUe;jpdu; tej; jhy; jd; fU=;nfhl;Lr; rPwpahiHg; gizak; itj;J tpUe;jspj;jhd;. 6. ,isahd;Fo khwehadhu; rptdoahuf; F; tpUej; spjj; epfHi; t vGJ. ,isahd;Fo khwehadhupd; tPl;owF; te;j rptdoahu;f;F tpUej; spf;f mtuplk; jhdpak; ,yi; y. jhdpakpy;yhjjhy; md;W tpijjJ; tplL; te;j tpij beyi; y mupjJ; r; rikjJ; tpUeJ; giljj; hu;. 7. bea;jy; epyj;jtupd; tpUe;jspgg; [ FwpjJ; r; rpWghzhw;Wg;gil tHpna braj; piaf; TW. beaj; y; epyj;jtu; ghzuf; is tuntwW; f; FHy;kPd; fwpa[k; gpwt[k; bfhLjj; du.; 8. gHe;jkpHu; tpUe;ij vjpub; fhs;Sk; jd;ikg; gw;wp FWe;bjhif TWk; braj; p ahJ> ,y;yjj; pd; bgupa thapiy ,utpy; @LtjwF; Kd;du;/ czt[ czz; ntz;oatuf; s; ahnuDk; css; Puf; sh> vdW; nfl;Fk; tHf;fk; gHe;jkpHupilna ,Ue;jijf; FWe;bjhif TWfpwJ. 9. ,yy; tpHhff; s; ahit> gpwe;jehs; gJ[ kid g[FtpHh jpUkzj;ij cWjp braj; y ; jpUkzk; tisfhg;g[ 10. kpdnrhl;lh jkpHr; ; r=;f `thiHapiy tpUe;J tpHhtpy~; itf;fgg; Lk; cztf[ s; ahit> KU=;iff;fha; rhkg; hu; btzi; lf;fha; Tl;L nkhu;f;FHkg; [ jpidgg; hahrk; ntgg; k;g{ urk; mgg; sk; 11. ahUila Mlr; p fhyj;jpy; kpFjpahd rj;jpu=;fs; fll; gg; l;ld> ehaff; u/; kuhl;oau;. 12. ``fhypd; VHog; gpd; brdW; ~~ ? ,gg; hlyo czu;jJ; k; braj; p ahJ> ,ay; 3 gz;ilaj; jkpHu; tPlo; wF; tej; tpUej; pdu; jpUkg; pr; bry;Yk; nghJ tHpaDg;gk[ ; tpjk;. t HpaDg;gk[ ; nghJ mtu;fs; bryy; ,Uf;fpdw; ehdF; Fjpiufs; g{l;lgg; ll; nju; tiu VG mo ele;J brd;W tHpaDgg; pdu;. 13. tpUeJ; gww; p vLjJ; iufF; k; jkpH;E}y;fs; ahit> bjhy;fhgg; pak; g[wehD}W jpUf;Fws; ew;wpiz rpygg; jpfhuk; FWe;bjhif fkg; uhkhazk; bfhdi; wntej; d; fyp=f; j;Jgg; uzp 14. tpUe;J gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;Fk; r=;f,yf;fpa E}yf; s; vit> gw[ ehD}W/ ew;wpiz/ FWeb; jhif. 15. tpUe;J ngQtjw;fhf vtwi; wbay;yhk; jiytd; gizak; itjj; jhfg; gw[ ehD}W TWfpd;wJ> ,Ukg; pdhy; braa; gg; l;l giHa ths;/ fU=;nfhlL; r; rPwp ahH.; www.tnpscjob.com
94 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 16. tpUe;jpdu; vd;gtu; ahu>; (myy; J) tpUen; j gJ[ ik ? bghUs; tpsff; k; jUf. tpUe;jpdu; vd;why; cwtpdu; vdW; ,f;fhyj;jpy; fUJfpd;wdu.; cwtpdu; ntW/ tpUe;jpdu; ntW. Kdg; pd; mwpahj g[jpatu;fSf;nf tpUej; pdu; vd;W bgau.; ,jidna bjhyf; hgg; pau; `tpUe;nj g[Jik~ vdf; pwhu;. 17. tpUe;J kwW; k; tpUen; jhkg; y; gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpLk; g[ytu;fs; ahtu>; bjhyf; hgg; pau; fkg; u; jpUts;Stu; bra=;bfhzl; hu; ,s=;nfhtofs; xsitahu; 18. nkhg;gf; FiHak[ ; mdpr;rk; ctik bfhz;L tsS; tu; typa[Wj;Jk; fUjJ; ahJ> Kfk; ntWglhky; Kfkyu;r;rpnahL tpUe;jpdiu tuntw;f ntzL; k; vd;gjhFk.; 19. ``tpUeb; jjpu; nfhlYk; ,He;j vdi; d~~ vd;W fz;zfp tUej; f; fhuzk; ahJ> nfhtyidg; gpupe;J thGk; fzz; fp mtidg; gpupej; ij tpl tpUe;jpdiug; nghww; Koahj epiyia vzz; p tUeJ; fpwhs.; 20. jkpHupd; tpUe;njhkg; y; gz;gpd; mogg; il vJ> jdpj;J czz; hik vdg; J jkpHupd; tpUe;njhkg; y; gzg; pd; mogg; il MFk.; 21. cyfk; epiybgw;wpUff; f; fhuzk; ahJ> mkpH;jnk fpilj;jhYk; jhnk czz; hJ gpwUf;Fk; bfhLjJ; kfpHt; u; eyn; yhu.; mj;jifatuf; shy; jhd; cyfk; ,dW; k; epiybgw;W ,Uff; pdw; J. 22. ``my;ypy; MapDk; tpUeJ; tupd; ctfF; k;~~ bjhlu; tpsf;fk; jUf. bjhlu; ,lkb; gWk; E}y; : eww; piz bjhlu; tpsf;fk; : eL ,utpy; tpUej; pdu; te;jhYk; kfpHe; J; tuntw;W cztpLk; ewg; z;g[ FLkg; j;jiytpf;F cz;L. ,ay; 3 23. ``gyu;gF[ thapy; milgg; f; flte[ u; tUtPu; csnP uh~~ bjhlu; tpsff; k; jUf. bjhlu; ,lk;bgWk; E}y; : FWeb; jhif bjhlu; tpsff; k; : ,y;yjj; py; gyUk; EiHa[k; mstpw;F cs;s bgupa thapiy ,utpy; @LtjwF; Kd;du;/ czt[ cz;z ntz;oatuf; s; ahnuDk; css; duh > vd;W nflf; pd;wdu.; rpWtpdh 1. ,di; kapYk; tpUen; jhkg; y; Fwpj;J ,yff; pa=f; s; TWk; bra;jpfisf; TW. tPl;owF; tej; tUf;F twpa epiyapYk; vt;tHpapnyDk; KadW; tpUe;jspj;jdu; gHej; kpHu; vd;W g[wehD}W TWfpwJ. jhdpak; VJk; ,yy; hj epiyapy; tpijff; hf itj;jpUej; jpidia cuypy; ,l;Lf; Fj;jpbaLj;J tpUe;jspj;jhs; jiytp. ,d;W tej; tpUe;jpdUfF; tpUej; spf;f fU=n; fhlL; r; rPwpahiHg; gizak; itj;jhd; jiytd;. ,isahdF; o khwehadhu; jd; tPl;ow;F te;j rptdoahu;f;F tpUe;jspf;f/ md;W tpijjJ; tpl;L te;j beyi; y mupj;J tpUeJ; gilj;jijg; bgupag[uhzk; @yk; mwpayhk;. www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 95 2. cw;whnuhL epd;w tpUeJ; Fwpj;J vGJf. r=f; fhyjj; py; murdhapDk; twpnahuhapDk; tpUej; pduf; isg; nghw;wpdu;. fhy khww; jj; pdhy; g[jpatu;fis tPlo; wF; s; miHj;J cztspgg; J Fiwej; J. tpUeJ; gu[ g;gJ Fiwe;jjhy; ehaf;fu; kuhj;jpau; fhyj;jpy; kpFjpahd rjj; pu=f; s; tHpg;nghff; uf; Sff; hff; fl;lgg; l;ld. g j[ patu;fistpUej; pduha;Vw;gJFiwe;JXust[bjupej; tu;fiskl;LnktpUe;jpdu;fsha; Vww; du.; g og;goahf cw;whu/; cwtpduf; s;/ ez;gu;fs; Mfpnahiuna tpUej; pdu;fshfg; nghw;Wk; epiyfF; khwpdu;. 3. tpUe;njhk;gy; mdW; k; ,dW; k; vt;thW cs;sJ vd ntWgLjj; pf; fhlL; f. mdW; ,dW; jpzi; z : jpzi; z : gj[ pjhf tUnthu; ,utpy; j=;FtjwF; ,d;W tPl;ow;Fj; jpzi; z itj;Jf; tPl;od; Kdg; w[ k; jpz;iza[k; mjpy; jiy fl;LtJkpy;iy; mwpKfk; ,y;yhj itff; j; jpz;Lk; mikj;jdu;. g[jpatuf; is tpUe;jpduf; shf Vwg; Jt[k; ,yi; y. ,yy; tpHhff; s; : jpUkzji; j cWjp braj; y/; jpUkzk;/ ,yy; tpHhff; s; : ,ay; 3 tisfhg;g/[ gpwej; ehs/; gJ[ kid g[FtpHh Kjypatwi; wj; j=;fs; ,y;yj;jpnyna ,y;y tpHhf;fs; jw;nghJ jpUkz elj;jp tpUej; pdu;fSfF; tpUej; spj;jdu;. kzl; gjj; pnyna eilbgWfpwJ. tpUen; jhk;gy; : tpUen; jhk;gy; : ,y;y tpHhff; spy; mg;gFjp thH; kf;fSk; jpUkzf; Tl=f; spy; eilbgWk; ,yy; btspa{u; tpUej; pduf; SfF; j; njitahd tpHhf;fspy; tpUej; pdiu tuntwg; J cjtpfisr; bra;fpdw; du;. Kjy; ge;jpapy; cgrupj;J tHpaDg;g[k; tiu jpUkz Vwg; hll; hsuf; ns braa; [k; gzg; hL : tpUen; jhk;gy; eilbgWfpwJ. gz;ilj; jkpHu; ,y;y=;fspYk; gzg; hL : css; =;fspYk; tpUen; jhkg; y; gzg; hL rpwe;jpUe;jJ. caupa jkpH;g; gz;ghL ,di; wa jkpHuf; splk; nkw;Twpa Kiwapy; cs;sJ. 4. kpdnrhll; h `thiHapiy tpUeJ; tpHh~ gww; p vGJf. mbkupff; htpd; kpdnrhll; h jkpHr; ; r=f; k; `thiHapiy tpUeJ; tpHh~it MzL; njhWk; eljj; p tUfpwJ. jkpHu;fspd; ghuk;gupa czt[fisf; bfhzL; tpUe;J itff; pdw; du;. KU=i; fff; ha; rhkg; hu/; nkhuf; F; Hkg; [/ ntg;gk;g{ urk/; btzi; lff; haf; ; Tl;L/ jpidgg; hahrk;/ mg;gsk; vdr; Ritahfj; jkpHu; tpUeJ; bfhLff; pdw; du.; m=;F thGk; jkpHu;fs; gyUk; ,ej; tpUej; py; g=n; fw;Wr; rpwgg; pf;fpdw; du;. bjhlu;e;J gy gzg; hl;L epfH;tf[ isa[k; epfHj; j; p tUfpd;wdu.; 5. thiH ,iy tpUe;J/ `czt[ gupkhWk; Kiw~ Fwpj;J vGJ. jiythiH ,iyapy; tpUej; pdUfF; cztspgg; J ek; kughff; fUjgg; LfpwJ. c zg; tupd; ,lgg; ff; k; thiHapiyapd; FWfpa gFjpa[k;/ tygg; ff; k; ,iyapd; tpupe;j gFjpak[ ; tu ntz;Lk.; www.tnpscjob.com
96 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ ,iyapd; ,lJ Xujj; py; cgg; /[ CWfha/; ,dpg;g[ Kjyhditfisak[ /; rpwpa czt[ tiffisa[k; itj;jdu;. , iyapd; tyJ Xujj; py; fha;fwp/ fPiu/ Tl;L Kjyhd czt[ tiffis itgg; u.; eLtpy; nrhW itjJ; vLj;Jzz; trjpahfg; gupkhWtu.; guptl[ d; gupkhww; k; : tpUk;gpr; rhgg; pLk; czt[ tiffisg; guptl[ d; gupkhWk; tHf;fji; j ek; Kd;ndhu;fs; bra;jdu;. 6. thiH ,iyapy; cz;gjhy; Vwg; Lk; edi; kfs; ahit> t hiH ,iyapy; rhgg; pLtjhy;/ ,seiu tuhky; ePzl; ehl;fs; jiyKo fUgg; hf ,UfF; k.; t hiH ,iy xU fpUkpehrpdp. mJ cztpy; cs;s erR; f;fpUkpfis mHpf;Fk; jd;ik bfhz;lJ. thiH ,iyapy; bjhlu;e;J cz;gtu;fSfF; neha; jhfF; tjpy;iy. njhy; gsgsg;ghFk\"; gpj;jk; jzpfF; k;. tapw;Wg; gz[ ; Mw;Wk\"; grpiaj; J}zL; k;. 7. fhykhw;wk;/ jkpHu; tpUe;njhkg; ypy; Vw;gLj;jpa khw;w=;fs; Fwpjj; c=;fs; fUjJ; fs; @d;wpid vGJf. gj[ pajhf tUnthu; ,utpy; j=;FtjwF; tPl;od; Kdg; [wk; jpzi; zak[ ; mjpy; jiy itff; j; jpzL; k; mikff; gg; lo; Ue;j epiy ,f;fhyjj; py; ,y;iy. mwpKfkpy;yhj g[jpatuf; is tpUej; pduf; shf Vw;gJtk[ ; ,yi; y. jpUkzk/; tisfhgg; [nghdw; ,yy; tpHhff; s;jpUkzf;Tl=f; SfF; ,lkb; gaue; J; tpll; d. beLtpdh ,ay; 3 1. tpUe;njhkg; y; gzg; hL gww; pa braj; pfisj; bjhFjJ; vGJf. (myy; J) tpUe;J kw;Wk; tpUen; jhk;gy; gw;wpj; jkpH; ,yff; pa=;fs; TWk; braj; pfisj; bjhFj;J vGJf. Fwpg;gr[ ; rll; k; Kd;Diu tpUe;J nghwW; k; jpUf;Fws; jkpHu; kug[ `tpUe;njhkg; y~; tpUej; wk; Kot[iu KdD; iu : tpUej; pdu; vdw; hy; cwtpdu; vd;W ,ff; hyjj; pdu; fUJfpdw; du;. cwtpdu; ntW tpUe;jpdu; ntW. Kd;gpd; mwpahj g[jpatuf; Sf;nf tpUe;jpdu; vdW; bgau.; `tpUen; j g[Jik~ vd;W bjhyf; hg;gpau; Twpa[s;shu;. tpUe;J nghw;Wk; jpUf;Fws;: jpUts;Stu; `tpUe;njhk;gy~; vd;w xU mjpfhuji; jna giljJ; ss; hu;. ,yy; wk; gu[ ptJ tpUen; jhkg; y; bra;ak[ ; bghUl;nl vdf; pd;whu;. Kfk; ntWglhky; Kfkyu;r;rpnahL tpUe;jpdiu tuntw;f ntz;Lk; vdg; ij `nkhg;gfF; iHak[ ; mdpr;rk; ....~ vdw; Fwspy; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whu.; www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 97 jkpHu; kug[ `tpUe;njhk;gy;~: ,ay; 3 nfhtyd; gpupe;jij tpl tpUej; pdiug; nghww; Koahj epiyia vzz; p fz;zfp tUeJ; fpd;whs; vd;gJ @yk; tpUe;J jkpHu; kug[ vd;fpwhu; ,s=;nfhtofs.; fk;gUk; bra=;bfhz;lhUk; tpUe;ijj; jkpHu; kughfg; nghww; pdu.; tpUej; wk:; mkpHj; nk fpilj;jhYk; jkpHu; jdpjJ; czz; khl;lhu; vd;gijg; g[wehD}W TWfpd;wJ. tpUe;jpdu; eL ,utpy; tej; hYk; ,dK; fjJ; ld; jkpHu; tuntwg; u; vd;fpwJ ew;wpiz. giHa thSk; ahGk; gizak; itjJ; tpUeJ; nghw;wg;gll; ijg; g[wehD}W TWfpwJ. ``kUen; j MapDk; tpUeb; jhL cz~; ~ vdf; pwhu; xsitahu;. thiH ,iyapy; tpUeJ; gilgg; ijj; jkpHu; mtrpakhff; bfhzo; Ue;jdu;. Koti[ u: fhye;njhWk; jkpHuf; spd; milahskhf tps=F; k; caug; z;ghf tps=;Fk; tpUe;njhk;giyg; nghww; pg; bgUkpjk; bfhs;nthk.; 2. tPl;oy; jpzi; z mikj;j fhuzk/; tpUe;jpdu; ngQjy;/ jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; <if ? grpjj; tUfF; cztply; ? ,it nghd;w bray;fs; mdW; k; ,dW; k; bjhlu;eJ; bfhzo; Ugg; ij mHFw tptupjJ; vGJf. Fwpg;g[r; rll; k; KdD; iu tPl;oy; jpz;iz tpUe;jpdiug; ngQjy; jkpHu; gz;ghlo; y; <if grpj;jtUfF; cztply; tpUe;jpdu; mdW; k; ,dW; k; epiwt[iu Kd;Diu: jk; tPlL; f;F tUk; tpUej; pdiu Kfkyu;rr; pnahL tuntw;W czz; cztk[ ; ,Uf;f ,lKk; bfhLj;J md;g[ ghuhlL; tnj tpUen; jhk;gy.; tpUej; pdu; vd;why; cwtpdu; vdW; ,f;fhyj;jpdu; fUJfpdw; du;. cwtpdu; ntW/ tpUej; pdu; ntW. Kd;gpd; mwpahj g[jpatu;fSf;nf tpUej; pdu; vdW; bgau.; `tpUen; j g[Jik~ vdW; bjhyf; hgg; pau; Twpas[ s; hu.; tlP o; y; jpz;iz: g[jpajhf tUnthu; ,utpy; j=;FtjwF; tPlo; d; Kd;gw[ k; jpzi; zak[ ; mjpy; jiy itff; j; jpzL; k; mikjj; du.; Mdhy; ,d;W tPlL; fF; j; jpz;iz itjJ; f; flL; tJkpyi; y; mwpKfkpy;yhj gj[ patu;fis tpUe;jpduf; shf Vw;gJtk[ ; ,y;iy. ,Ug;gpDk; jpUtpHhf; fhy=f; spy; CUfF; tUk; gj[ patuf; isa[k; miHjJ; md;nghL tpUe;jspgg; ijr; rpy ,l=;fspy; fhz KofpwJ. tpUe;jpdiug; ngQjy:; jpUkzj;ij cWjp braj; y/; jpUkzk;/ tisfhg;g[/ gpwej; ehs/; gJ[ kid g[FtpHh nghdw; twi; w ,yy; tpHhf;fshfnt bfhz;lhodu.; mgn; ghJ kpFjpahd tpUe;jpduf; is tuntw;W cztspj;J kfpHe; ;jdu;. mej; ,yy; tpHh ehl;fspy; mgg; Fjp thH; kff; Sk; btspa{u; tpUej; pduf; Sf;Fj; njitahd cjtpfisr; braj; du;. www.tnpscjob.com
98 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ fhyg; nghff; py; tPl;oy; eilbgww; tpHhf;fs; jpUkzf;Tl=;fSfF; ,lk; bgau;eJ; tpll; d. gz;ghl;L khw;wkhf ,d;W rpy ,l=f; spy; tpUej; pduf; is tuntw;gJ Kjy; ge;jpapy; cgrupj;J tHpaDg;g[k; tiu `jpUkz Vwg; hl;lhsu;fns~ braa; k[ ; tpUe;njhkg; y; eilbgWtijf; fhz KofpwJ. jkpHu; gz;ghl;oy; <if: fy;tpak[ ; bry;tKk; bgw;w bgz;fs; tpUeJ; k; <ifak[ ; bra;tjhff; fk;gu; Fwpg;gplL; s;shu.; `bghUe;J bryt; Kk; fy;tpak[ ; g{j;jyhy; tUe;jp te;jtu;fF; <jYk; itfYk; tpUeJ; k; mdw; p tpistd ahitna~ ? fkg; uhkhazk/; 1:2:36. bea;jy; epyj;jtu; ghzu;fis tuntwW; f; FHy; kPd; fwpak[ ; gpwt[k; bfhLjj; du; vd;fpwJ rpWghzhw;Wgg; il. ,isahdF; o khwehadhupd; tPl;Lf;F tej; rptdoahuf; ;F tpUej; spff; mtuplk; jhdpakpyi; y; vdnt/ md;W tpijj;J tplL; te;j bey;iy mupj;J te;j gpd; rikjJ; tpUeJ; giljj; jpwk; bgupagu[ hzjj; py; fhl;lgg; LfpwJ. tss; yf; s; gyUk; kpFej; <iffF; zj;Jld; tps=f; paij ,yff; pa=f; s; tHp mwpa KofpwJ. grpj;jtUfF; cztply;: ,yy; jj; py; gyUk; EiHa[k; mstpw;F css; bgupa thapiy ,utpy; @LtjwF; Kd;du/; czt[ cz;z ntzo; atu;fs; ahnuDk; cs;sPuf; sh> vdW; nfl;Fk; tHff; k; ,Ue;jij/ `gyu;gF[ ehtpy; milg;gf; flte[ u; tUtPu; csnP uh-~ ?vd;w FWeb; jhif (118) mofs; gy[ gg; Lj;Jfpd;wd. ,ay; 3 kzpnkfiy `grpgg; pzpiag; nghff; nkw;bfhz;l Kawr; papYk;~/ ,uhkyp=;f mofs; `tlY}upy; mizah mLgi; g Vw;gLj;jp bgUk; cjtp g[upe;jik~ ,dD; k; bjhlu;tij grpgg; pzpia ePfF; tjwf; hd bray;fspy; Kjdi; kahdjhff; Fwpgg; plyhk;. ,di; wa epiyapy; gyn; tW jpUfn; fhapy;fspy; md;djhdk; tH=F; tijj; jkpHf muR bjhlue; ;J bray;gLj;jp tUfpwJ. tpUe;jpdu; mdW; k; ,d;Wk:; r=;f fhyj;jpypUen; j muruhapDk; twpnahuhapDk; tpUe;jpdu;fisg; nghww; pdu;. fhy khw;wj;jpy; gj[ patuf; shfpa tpUej; pduf; is tPlL; f;Fs; miHj;J cztpLtJ Fiwe;jJ. tpUe;J gu[ g;gJ Fiwe;jjhy; rjj; pu=f; s; bgUfpd. ehaf;fu/; kuhlo; au; Ml;rpf; fhy=f; spy; kpFjpahd rj;jpu=f; s; tHpr; bryn; thuf; f; hff; fl;lg;gll; d. gj[ patu;fshdtpUej; pduf; isVw;gJFiweJ; tpll; fhyj;jpy;/Xust[bjupe;jtu;fis klL; nk tpUe;jpdu;fshf Vww; du.; gog;goahf cww; hu; cwtpduf; s/; ezg; uf; s; Mfpnahiuna tpUe;jpduf; shfg; nghwW; k; epiyfF; khwpdu;. epiwti[ u: gzi; lj;jkpHu;,yy; =f; spYk;css; =f; spYk;tpUen; jhkg; y;gzg; hLbrHpjj; pUej; J. mej; caupa jkpH;g; gzg; hL ,di; wa jkpHu;fsplk; gy;ntW Kiwfspy; gpdg; ww; gg; LfpwJ. fhyen; jhWk; jkpHu;fspd; milahskhf tps=;Fk; caug; zg; hd tpUe;njhk;giyg; nghw;wpg; bgUkpjk; bfhs;nthk;. www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 99 fw;git fw;wgpd; gf;fk;: 53 1. tPlo; y; jpz;iz mikjj; fhuzk/; tpUe;jpdu; ngQjy;/ jkpHu; gzg; hlo; y; <if/ grpjj; tuf; F; cztply; ,it nghdw; bray;fs; FwpjJ; c=;fs; tPl;oYss; tu;fsplk; nflL; j; bjupeJ; te;J fye;Jiuahly; bra;f. mKjd; : tPlo; y; jpzi; z mikjj; jw;fhd fhuzk; vd;d vd;W nflL; tej; hah> kjp : nfln; ld;. tHpg;nghf;fu;fs; ,utpy; j=F; tjw;F tPlo; d; Kdg; [wk; jpzi; za[k; mjpy; jiy itf;fj; jpz;Lk; mikj;jdu; vd;W mgg; h Twpdhu.; mKjd; : tpUej; pdu; ngzy; Fwpj;J cd; tPl;lhu; cdf;F Twpa bra;jp ahJ> kjp : tzff; k; Twp tuntww; y;/ mku itj;jy/; jzz; Pu; bfhLjj; y;/ czt[ cz;zr;bra;jy; Mfpaitna tpUe;jpdu; ngQk; KiwahFk; vd;wdu;. mKjd; : <if vd;why; vd;d vd;gJ gw;wp nfll; hah> kjp : jkpHu; gzg; hl;oy; <if Fwpj;Jk; ,yff; pa=;fs; TWfpdw; d. ghup vd;w FWepy kd;dd; Ky;iyf;Fj; nju; bfhLjj; jhft[k; ngfd; vdg; td; kapYf;Fg; nghu;it bfhLjj; hd; vdg; ija[k; ehk; ghlE}ypy; gojj; pUf;fpnwhk; myy; th> mJjhd; <if vdw; du;. mKjd; : `grpjj; tu;fF; cztply;~ FwpjJ; cd; bgwn; whu; Twpa braj; pfis vdfF; k; TW. kjp : ``czo; bfhLj;njhu; capu; bfhLj;njhnu~~ vd;fpwJ ,yff; pak.; grpj;Jauhy; thLgtUfF; cztspgg; J mtUf;F gj[ ;Japu; te;jJ nghd;wpUf;Fk; vd;W mkk; h Twpdhu.; 2. ` `,l;lnjhu; jhkiug;g{ ,ay; 3 ,jHt; pupj; jpUjj; y; nghny tll; khag; ; g[whff; s; To ,iuaz[ Q; k; ....................~~ ? ghujpjhrdhu; ,t;thwhff; ftpijfspy; gjpt[ bra;agg; lL; ss; gfpue; ;Jzz; y; Fwpj;Jg; ngRf. tzf;fk;. fpiljj; ,iuiag; gfpue; J; z;Qk; bghUlL; gw[ hf;fs; tll; kha; mtt; piuiar; Rw;wp To epd;wd. ,f;fhl;rpahdJ ,jH; tpupej; pUf;fpdw; jhkiu kyiug; nghdW; fhlr; paspgg; jhf ftp+u; ctkpj;Js;shu.; K.tujuhrdhu;,aw;wpa`Fwli; lxyp~vd;wrpWfijapy;Xu;ViHj;jha;jd;FHei; jfF; Cll; ntz;oa ghyhy; gl;odp fplej; eha;fF; l;ofSf;F ClL; fpwhs;. Xu; ViHj;jhapd; tWikapYk; gfpu;e;Jz;Qk; jhai; kg; gz;g[ ,f;fijapy; gy[ g;gLj;jgg; l;Ls;sJ. ,ff; hyjj; py; gfpue; J; zQ; k; tHff; k; mjpfkhf kdpjuf; splk; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. mdw; hlk; ehk; fhQk; Iej; wpt[ capupdkhfpa fhfi; f Tl jdfF; f; fpilj;j rpwpjst[ ,iuiaa[k; jd; ,djn; jhL gfpue; ;J cz;Qk; bghUl;L fiue;J jd; ,dji; j miHj;J cz;fpwJ. ,jj; ifa capupd=f; spd; brayf; isf; fz;lhtJ kdpju;fs; gfpue; ;Jz;Qk; giHa gz;ghl;il epiy epWjj; ntz;Lk.; mg;nghJjhd; grpgg; pzp eP=F; k; vdW; brhy;yp vdD; iuia epiwt[ braf; pd;nwd;. www.tnpscjob.com
100 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ ,ay; gz;ghL ftpijg; ngiH 3 fhrpf;fhz;lk; ? mjptuP uhk ghz;oau; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. fhrpff; hz;lk; vdg; J __________. m) fhrp efujj; pd; tuyhwi; wg; ghLk; E}y; M) fhrp efuj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; kW bgau; ,) fhrp efuj;jpd; bgUikiag; ghLk; E}y; <) fhrp efuj;jpwF; tHpgg; Lj;Jk; E}y; [tpil: ,) fhrp efujj; pd; bgUikiag; ghLk; E}y]; FWtpdh 1. tpUe;jpdiu kfpH;tpj;Jf; TWk; Kfkd; brhw;fis vGJf. thU=;fs; Iah/ tzff; k;- mkU=f; s.; eykhf ,Uf;fpwPu;fsh> j=;fs; tut[ eyt; ut[ ,ay; 3 , yf;fzf; Fwpg;g[. ed;bkhHp ? gzg; j[ b; jhif t paj;jy;/ nehff; y/; vGJjy/; ciujj; y;/ brg;gy;/ ,Uj;jy;/ tH=;fy ; ? bjhHpw;bgauf; s; tUf ? tpa=n; fhs; tpidKwW; gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk;. ciujj; ? ciu + j; + j; + m gupe;J ? gup + j;(e); + j; + c ciu ? gFjp gup ? gFjp j; ? rej; p j ; ? rej; p/ `e~; MdJ tpfhuk; j ; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy j; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy m ? bgaburr; tpFjp c ? tpidbarr; tpFjp tUf ? th(tU) + f nehff; y; ? nehf;F + my; th ? gFjp nehfF; ? gFjp my; ? bjhHpw;bgau; tpFjp f (tU vdj; jpupej; J tpfhuk;) ? tpa=;nfhs; tpidKw;W tpFjp www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 101 TLjy; tpdhf;fs; , yf;fzf; Fwpg;g.[ te;J ? tpidbar;rk; ed;Kfkd ; ? gzg; j[ ;bjhif bghUeJ; ? tpidbar;rk; gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk;. teJ; ? th(t) + j(e;); + j; + c th ? gFjp (t) vdf; FWfpaJ tpfhuk; j ; ? re;jp (e;) MdJ tpfhuk; j; ? ,wej; fhy ,ilepiy c ? tpidbarr; tpFjp gyt[s; bjupf 1. fhrpf;fhz;lji; j ,aw;wpatu; ahu;> m) Jsrpjhru; M) mjptPuuhk ghzo; au; ,) xsitahu; <) bgU+r; pj;jpudhu ; [tpil: M) mjptPuuhk ghzo; au]; 2. fhrpf;fhz;ljj; pd; ,yb; yhGf;fk; gww; pa gFjp vjj; idahtJ ghly;> m) gjpdhdf; htJ M) gjpdhwhtJ ,) gjpd;@dw; htJ <) gjpndHhtJ [tpil: <) gjpndHhtJ] 3. Kj;Jf; Fspf;Fk; bfhw;ifapd; muru;> m) mjptPuuhk ghzo; au; M) fpss; ptstd; ,) br=;Fl;Ltd ; <) ,uz;lhk; gy[ pnfrp [tpil: m) mjptuP uhk ghzo; au]; 4. mjptPuuhk ghz;oaupd; gll; gb; gau; __________. ,ay; 3 m) rPtyngup ghz;o M) rPtykhwd; ,) khwtuk; d; <) khwd;tGjp [tpil: M) rPtykhwd]; 5. mjptuP uhk ghz;oau; ,aw;whj E}iyf; fzl; wpf. m) ieljk; M) tha[ rkf; pij ,) jpUf;fUit me;jhjp <) rlnfhgu; mej; hjp [tpil: <) rlnfhgu; me;jhjp] 6. bghUj;jpf; fhl;Lf. ? 1. bgabur;rk; i) edb; khHp ii) tpaj;jy ; ? 2. tpa=n; fhs; tpidKw;W iii) tUf iv) ciuj;j ? 3. bjhHpwb; gau; m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 ? 4. gzg; j[ ;bjhif ,) 2/ 1/ 3/ 4 M) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1 <) 4/ 2/ 1/ 3 [tpil: m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1] 7. cgg; pyhf; TH; ,ll; hYk; czg; nj mkpuj; k; MFk; ? vd;W Fwpg;gpLk; E}y; vJ> m) rPtf rpe;jhkzp M) tpntf rpej; hkzp ,) kzpnkfiy <) esbtzg; h [tpil: M) tpntf rpej; hkzp] www.tnpscjob.com
102 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 8. `mUFw~ vd;gjd; bghUs; vdd; > m) mUfpy ; M) bjhiytpy; ,) mHptpy; <) mGfpa [tpil: m) mUfpy]; 9. Kfkd; vdgg; LtJ __________. m) xUtiu eyk; tpdtpfT; Wk; tpUe;njhk;gy; brhw;fs; M) xUtiu vjpuj; J; g; ngRk; brhw;fs; ,) bgupnahuf; spd; fUjJ; fis tuntw;Fk; brhwf; s; <) kdd; Uk; mikrr; Uk; ciuahLk; brhw;fs; [tpil: m) xUtiu eyk; tpdtpfT; Wk; tpUe;njhk;gy; brhwf; s]; 10. tpUen; jhk;gy; braa; k[ ; ,y;yw xGf;fj;jpd; gzg; f[ s; vj;jid> m) vl;L M) xdg; J ,) MW <) gj;J [tpil: M) xd;gJ] 11. btww; pntw;if vdD; k; E}ypd; Mrpupau; __________. m) mjptPuuhk ghzo; au; M) fupfhyd; ,) ghup <) ghz;oad; beL+;brHpad; [tpil: m) mjptPuuhk ghz;oau]; 12. eWeb; jhif vdD; k; E}ypd; Mrpupau; __________. m) mjptPuuhk ghz;oau; M) fupfhyd; ,) ghup <) ghz;oad; beL+b; rHpad; [tpil: m) mjptuP uhk ghz;oau]; 13. eWe;bjhif vd;W miHf;fgg; Lk; E}y; vJ> m) bfhdi; wnte;jd ; M) fhrpff; yk;gfk; ,ay; 3 ,) btww; pntw;if <) fhrpff; hzl; k; [tpil: ,) btww; pntw;if] 14. bghUe;jhjtw;iwf; fzl; wpf. m) ieljk; M) tpntfrpe;jhkzp ,) btww; pntwi; f <) fhrpff; hzl; k ; [tpil: M) tpntfrpej; hkzp] FWtpdh 1. fhrpff; hzl; k; E}y; Fwpg;g[ tiuf. fhrp efuj;jpd; bgUikfisf; TWfpw E}y; fhrpf;fhzl; k;. J wt/[ ,y;ywk/; bgzf; SfF; upa gzg; f[ s/; thH;tpay; bewpfs/; kWthH;tpy; milak[ ; ed;ikfs; Mfpatw;iwg; ghLtjhf mike;Jss; J. 2. mjptPuuhk ghzo; au; ,aww; pa E}yf; s; ahit> fhrpf;fhz;lk/; ieljk/; yp=f; gu[ hzk;/ thar[ k;fpij/ jpUff; Uit mej; hjp/ Tuk; g[uhzk/; btww; p ntw;if vd;wiHf;fgg; Lk; eWeb; jhif. 3. ``Kfkd;~~ vdD; k; brhy; czuj; ;Jk; bra;jp ahJ> xUtiu eyk; tpdtpf; TWk; tpUen; jhkg; y; brhyy; hFk;. www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 103 4. ``bghUe;J kw;Wmtd; jdm; UFw ,Uj;jy~; ~ ? bjhlu; bghUs; tpsff; k; jUf. bjhlu; ,lk;bgWk; E}y; : fhrpff; hzl; k; bjhlu; tpsf;fk; : tpUej; pdu; mUfpnyna tpUe;J nkw;bfhsg; tu; mku;eJ; bfhs;Sjy;. rpWtpdh 1. mjptuP uhk ghzo; au; Fwpgg; [ tiuf. bgau ; : mjptPuuhk ghz;oad; rpwgg; [ : bfhw;ifapd; muru; jkpHg; ; gy[ tuhftk[ ; jpfH;ej; hu;. gl;lg; bgau; : rPtykhwd; ,aw;wpa E}y;fs ; : fhrpf;fhzl; k/; ieljk;/ yp=;f gu[ hzk;/ tha[ rk;fpij/ jpUf;fUit mej; hjp/ Tu;k g[uhzk;/ btw;wpntw;if vdw; iHf;fgg; Lk; eWe;bjhif.~ 2. tpUe;njhk;gy; braa; [k; ,y;yw xGff; k; Fwpj;J fhrpf;fhzl; k; Fwpgg; pLk; bra;jp ahJ> ``tpUej; pddhf xUtd; teJ; vjpupd; tpaj;jy; edb; khHp ,dpJ ciujj; y;~~ t pUej; pduhf xUtu; te;jhy;/ mtiu vjpub; fhz;L tpae;J ciuj;jy; ntzL; k;. ,ay; 3 eyy; brhw;fis ,dpikahfg; ngRjy; ntz;Lk.; Kfkyu;rr; pa[ld; mtiu nehf;fp/ `tPl;owF; s; tUf~ vd;W tuntw;W/ mtu; vjpupy; epd;W/ mtu; Kd; kdk; kfpGk;go ngRjy; ntzL; k;. m tu; mUfpnyna mku;eJ; bfhzL; / mtu; tpil bgw;Wr; bryY; k; nghJ/ thapyt; iu gpd; bjhlu;e;J bry;yy; ntz;Lk;. tej; tuplk; g[fH;r;rpahf Kfkd; Twp tHpaDg;gj[ y; ntzL; k.; nkw;fz;l brayf; s; tpUe;njhkg; y; bra;ak[ ; ,y;yw xGf;fkhf fhrpff; hzl; jj; py; Twgg; l;Lss; J. fw;git fww; gpd; gf;fk;: 55 1. beLehshfg; ghuf; ;f vzz; papUe;j cwtpdu; xUtu; vjpu;ghuhj tifapy; c=;fs; tlP o; wF; tUfpwhu;. e=P ;fs; mtiu vjpub; fhz;L tpUeJ; mspj;j epfH;tpid tpupthf xU gjj; pastpy; vGjpg; gojJ; f; fhlL; f. cwtpdiu tpaeJ; ciuj;J eyy; r; brhwf; is ,dpikahfg; ngrp Kfkyu;r;rpa[ld; mtuf; is nehff; pndd.; tPl;ow;Fs; tUf! tUf! vdW; tuntw;nwd.; mtu; vjpupy; epd;W KfKk; kdKk; kyUk;go cztUej; pr; bry;Y=;fs; vdf; Twp czt[ rikj;J/ jiythiH ,iyapy; cztpl;nld.; mtu; mUfpnyna mkue; ;J bfhzn; ld;. mtu; tpil bgwW; r; bryY; k; nghJ thapy; tiu gpd; bjhlu;eJ; brdW; mtuplk; g[fH;rr; pahf Kfkd; Twp tHpaDgg; pndd.; www.tnpscjob.com
104 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ ,ay; gz;ghL ftpijg; ngiH 3 kiygLflhk; ? bgU=;bfsrpfdhu; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. ``rpykg; [ mile;jpUe;j ghff; k; va;jp~~ vdD; k; moapy; ghf;fk; vd;gJ __________. m) g[jJ; }u ; M) @J}u; ,) ngqu ; <) rpw;W}u ; [tpil: <) rpw;W}u]; FWtpdh 1. `,wog; bghk;ky; bgWFtpu;~ ? bjhlu; czuj; J; k; bghUis vGJf. jpidr; nrhw;iwa[k; czthfg; bgWtPuf; s;. rpWtpdh 1. Kyi; y epyjj; pypUe;Jk; kUj epyj;jpypUe;Jk; fpilf;Fk; czt[ tiffs; ahit> jpiz fpilf;Fk; cztg[ ; bghUl;fs; ,ay; 3 Kyi; y tuF/ rhik. kUjk; bre;bey/; btz;bzy;. 2. Tj;jidf; Tjj; d; MwW; gg; Ljj; iyf; Tjj; uhwW; g;gil vtt; hW fhl;LfpwJ> tHpfhll; y; : gfypy; ,isgg; hwpr; bryY; =f; s;. ,utpy; nru;eJ; j=;F=;fs;. vupa[k; beUgi; gg; nghy xspUk; g{=;bfhjJ; fisr; Rw;wjn; jhL mzpe;J bfhsS; =;fs;. rpte;j g{f;fs; bfhz;l mnrhf ku=f; s/; @=f; py;fs; Xir vGg;gk[ ; kiyrr; uptpy; cs;s rpw;W}iu mila=[ f; s.; edd; dpd; Tj;ju;fs; : giftnu ,yy; hky; Ml;rpbrag; td;/ gif tej; hYk; vjpub; fhs;Sk; khdKk; btw;wpak[ ; cila ed;ddpd; Tjj; uf; s; vd;W brhy;Y=f; s;. ,d; brhwf; s; : eP=;fs; cupikal[ d; c=;fs; tPlo; w;Fs; nghtJ nghynt mtuf; Sila tPl;owF; s; EiHa[=;fs;. mtuf; Sk; c=;fsplk/; cwtpdu; nghyg; gHfp ,dpa brhw;fisg; ngRthu;fs.; czt[ : beaa; py; bte;j khkprk;/ jpidr; nrhW Mfpatw;iw czthf mspg;gu.; mtwi; w eP=;fs; bgw;Wf; bfhs;syhk.; www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 105 beLtpdh 1. MwW; g;gLjJ; jy; vdg; J mdi; wf;Fg; gy[ tu;fisa[k; fiy+uf; isak[ ; tss; y;fis nehf;fp bewpgg; Lj;Jtjhf ,Uej; J. mJ ,d;iwa epiyapy; xU tHpfhlL; jyhf khwpapUg;gij tpsfF; f. Fwpg;gr[ r; l;lk; KdD; iu czt[ fyt; p bjhHpy; ed;dil Kot[iu KdD; iu: md;iwa epiyapy; bghUSff; hf MwW; gg; LjJ; tJ epfHe; j; J. Mdhy; ,d;W MwW; g;gLj;jy; mjpypUeJ; tpyfp ntWgLfpd;wJ. czt:[ md;iwa ghzu;fs; Tjj; uf; s; kd;ddplnkh/ tss; yplnkh MwW; gg; Ljj; pdu;. Mdhy; ,dW; tWikapy; thLk; ViHfSf;F czt[ jUk; mdd; r; rjj; pu=f; s; gw;wpak[ /; mdd; jhdk; eilbgWk; ,l=;fisg; gww; pa[k; Mw;Wgg; LjJ; fpd;wdu.; fy;tp: fy;tp fwf; Koahjtuf; SfF; f; fy;tp cjtpj; bjhif mspf;Fk; murpd; jpll; =;fs; gww; pa[k;/ cjtk[ ; bjhzL; epWtd=f; s; FwpjJ; k; ,d;W gyu; tHpfhll; y; bra;fpd;wdu.; bjhHpy:; ,dW; ntiytha;g;gpd;ik bgUfp tUfpdw; J. mjidg; nghf;f muRk; bghJj;Jiw ,ay; 3 epWtd=;fSk; bjhHpw;gapwr; p epWtd=;fis Vw;gLj;jpas[ ;sJ. ntiyapy;yhky; jpzl; hLnthUfF; mit Fwpj;j tHpfhl;lyf; s; ,dW; bra;ag;glL; / ntiyapyy; hj; jpzl; hll; k; Xust[ nghff; gg; Lfpdw; J. edd; il: rKjhajj; py; ,dW; tdK; iw bgUfpas[ ;sJ. ,jw;Ff; fhuzk; rpdk/; bghwhik/ rfpg;gj[ ;jd;ik ,yy; hik Mfpaitna- mtwi; wf; fl;Lg;gLj;j/ midtUf;Fk; kdij xUepiygg; Lj;j jpahdg; gapw;rp braa; ,d;W tHpfhll; yf; s; bra;fpd;wdu;. Kot[iu: tHpfhl;ly; vdg; J bewpgpwGk; rKjhaj;ijf; fhff; cjt[k; xU ,dw; paikahj fUtpahFk.; tHpfhll; Yf;F tpjJ; Mw;Wgg; Lj;jy; ,yf;fpa=;fns rhdw; hFk.; ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;g.[ mir,/ bfHP, ? brhy;ypir msbgilfs; gqcf/; Fqcff; z ; ? braa; [spir msbgilfs; vaj; p ? tpidbar;rk; bghHpe;j ? bgaburr; k; www.tnpscjob.com
106 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ nru;e;j ? bgabur;rk; Twp ? tpidbarr; k; g[f;F ? tpidbar;rk; g Fgj cWg;gpyf;fzk;. kiyeJ; = kiy + j(e;); + j; + c bghHpe;j = bghHp + j;(e;); + j; + m kiy ? gFjp bghHp ? gFjp j; ? re;jp/ `e~; MdJ tpfhuk; j ; ? re;jp/ `e~; MdJ tpfhuk; j; ? ,wej; fhy ,ilepiy j; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy c ? tpidbar;r tpFjp c ? bgabur;r tpFjp TLjy; tpdhf;fs; gyt[s; bjupf 1. bghUj;jkhd tpil tupiriaj; njue; ;bjL. i) mir, ? 1. Rww; k; ii) my;fp ? 2. fd;wpd; beUgg; [ iii) fdW; vup ? 3. ,isgg; hwp iv) fLkg; [ ? 4. j=;fp m) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1 M) 2/ 1/ 3/ 4 ,) 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ <) 1/ 4/ 3/ 2 [tpil: m) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1] 2. bghUeJ; k; tpil tupiriaj; nju;e;bjL. i) Mup ? 1. gss; k; ,ay; 3 ii) euYk; ? 2. Tjj; u; iii) gLfu ; ? 3. mUik iv) tapupak ; ? 4. xypf;Fk; m) 2/ 1/ 4/ 3 M) 3/ 4/ 1/ 2 ,) 3/ 1/ 4/ 2 <) 2/ 4/ 1/ 3 [tpil: M) 3/ 4/ 1/ 2] 3. bghUej; hj bghUSf;fhd ,iz vJ> m) ntit ? btej; J M) ,wo ? jpid ,) bghk;ky ; ? nrhW <) euYk; ? Rw;wk ; [tpil: <) euYk; ? Rw;wk]; 4. kiygLflhk; ve;j E}yf; Ss; xdW; > m) vlL; jb; jhif M) gjJ; gg; hl;L ,) ePjp <) gjpbdzf; PH;f;fzfF; [tpil: M) gjJ; gg; hl;L] 5. kiygLflhk; vjj; id mofisf; bfhzl; E}y;> m) 483 M) 543 ,) 583 <) 643 [tpil: ,) 583] www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 107 6. kiygLflhkpd; ntW bgau; vdd; > m) rpWghzhwW; g;gil M) bgUkg; hzhwW; gg; il ,) tpwypahwW; gg; il <) Tj;juhwW; gg; il [tpil: <) Tjj; uhw;Wg;gil] 7. kiygLflhk; vd;Dk; E}ypy; kiyfF; ctikahff; Twg;gLtJ __________. m) ahid M) nkfk; ,) khd ; <) thdk; [tpil: m) ahid] 8. ,uzpa Kll; jJ; g; bgU=;Fd;W}iur; rhue; ;j gy[ tu; __________. m) bgU+;rpj;jpudhu; M) bgU=b; fsrpfdhu; ,) kUjdhu ; <) eff; Puu ; [tpil: M) bgU=;bfsrpfdhu]; 9. `kiyeJ; ~ ? vdD; k; brhyi; yg; gpupfF; k; Kiw __________ m) kiyeJ; +c M) kiye;+j;+c ,) kiy+j(; e); +j+; c <) kiy+j;+j;+c [tpil: ,) kiy+j(; e;)+j+; c] 10. `bghHpe;j~ ? vdD; k; brhyi; yg; gpupf;Fk; Kiw __________ m) bghHpeJ; +m M) bghHp+j;+j;+c ,) bghHp+j;+e+; j;+m <) bghHp+j;(e); +j;+m [tpil: <) bghHp+j;(e;)+j;+m] 11. bghUej; hjijf; fzl; wpf. m) jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil ? ef;fPuu; M) rpWghzhw;Wg;gil ? eyY; }u; ejj; j;jdhu; ,) bghUeuhwW; g;gil ? Klj;jhkff; zz; pahu; <) kiygLflhk; ? foaY}u; cUj;jpu=f; z;zdhu; [tpil: <) kiygLflhk; ? foaY}u; cUjj; pu=;fz;zdhu]; 12. mdW; mtz; mir, ? vdg; jpy; `mir,~ vd;gjd; bghUs; __________. m) mirthoa M) ,isgg; hwp ,) mikjpahfp <) ,d;gkhfp [tpil: M) ,isg;ghwp] ,ay; 3 13. fd;W vup ? vd;gjpy; `vup~ vdf; Fwpgg; plgg; LtJ __________. m) beUgg; [ M) bfhk;g[ ,) thy; <) ePu ; [tpil: m) beUgg; ][ 14. mnrhf ku=f; s; vtt; z;zg; g{ff; isf; bfhzl; J> m) fUk; M) rpte;j ,) btzi; kahd <) ePyepw [tpil: M) rpte;j] 15. my;fp vd;gjd; bghUs; __________. m) mHpeJ; M) j=;fp ,) csn; s <) btspna [tpil: M) j=;fp] 16. bghUj;Jf. 1. ,wo ? m) j=;fp M) gs;sk; 2. myf; p ? ,) bteJ; <) jpid 3. gLfu ; ? M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., 4. ntit ? <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< [tpil: M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4.,] www.tnpscjob.com
108 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 17. Tjj; uhwW; g;gil vd;wiHf;fg;gLk; E}y; __________. m) jpUKUfhwW; g;gil M) kiygLflhk; ,) bghUeuhwW; gg; il <) rpWghzhw;Wg;gil [tpil: M) kiygLflhk]; 18. edd; d; ve;epy kd;dd>; M) FWepy [tpil: M) FWepy] m) bgUepy <) kh ,) rpWepy 19. kiygLflhkpd; (Tjj; uhw;Wg;gil) ghl;Lilj; jiytu; __________ m) ed;dd; M) ghup ,) fgpyu ; <) bgU=;bfsrpfdhu ; [tpil: m) edd; d]; FWtpdh ,ay; 3 1. kiygLflhk; ? bgauf; ;fhuzk; TW. kiyfF; ahidia cUtfkhff; Twp/ mjd; Xiriaf; flhk; vdr; rpwg;gpjJ; ss; jhy; kiygLflhk; vdg; bgau; bgww; J. 2. Mw;Wg;gil vd;why; vdd; > MwW; g;gLj;Jk; Tjj; d/; ts;siy eho vjpu; tUk; Tjj; id miHjj; y;. ahk; ,t;tpljn; j brd;W ,d;dbtyy; hk; bgwW; tUfpnwhk.; ePak[ ; mej; tss; yplk; brd;W tsk; bgwW; thHt; hahf vdW; TWjy;. 3. FWepy kdd; d; ed;ddpd; Cupy; Tjj; uf; Sf;F tH=;fg;gLk; czthf kiygLflhk; TWtd ahit> beaa; py; bte;j khkprj;jpd; bghupay;. jpidr; nrhW. 4. gz;ilaj; jkpH; fiy+u;fs; ahtu;> Tj;ju/; ghzu;/ tpwypau.; 5. kiygLflhkpy; xspUk; g{=;bfhjJ; fSf;Ff; Twgg; ll; ctik ahJ> kiygLflhkpy; xspUk; g{=;bfhjJ; fSf;Ff; Twg;gl;l ctik vupa[k; beUg;g[ MFk;. 6. ``nehdhr; brUtpd; tyk;gL nehd;jhs; khdh tpwyb; ts; tapupak; vdpnd ~~ vd;W ahu; ahuplk; Twpdhu>; edd; idg; gf[ H;eJ; gho guprpy; bgw;w Tjj; u/; guprpy; bgwg;nghFk; Tjj; uplk; Twpdhu.; 7. ``nehdhr; brUtpd; tykg; L nehd;jhs; khdh tpwy;bts; tapupak; vdpnd~~ bjhlu; bghUs; tpsf;Ff. bjhlu; ,lk; bgWk; E}y; : kiygLflhk; bjhlu; bghUs; tpsf;fk; : giftiug; bghwhky; nghu; bra;a[k; typa Kawr; pak[ ; khdKk; btww; pak[ ; cila edd; dpd; Tj;juf; s; vdW; brhyY; =;fs.; 8. jpid/ nrhW Mfpatw;wpw;F kiygLflhk; jUk; brhwf; s; ahit> jpid ? ,wo \" nrhW ? bghkk; y.; 9. ``my=F; fiH euYk; Mupgg; Lfur; ;~~ ,tt; oapy; `fiH~ vd;Dk; bghUs; jUk; brhy; vJ> fiH ? @=;fpy;. www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 109 10. ``my=;F fiH euYk; Mupg;gLfu;~~ ,t;toapy; ``Mup~~/ ``gLfu~; ~ Mfpa brhw;fspd; bghUs; ahJ> Mup ? mUik \" gLfu; ? gss; k;. rpWtpdh 1. `kiygLflhk~; E}y; Fwpg;g[ tiuf. gj;Jg;ghl;L E}yf; Ss; xd;W kiygLflhk.; ntW bgau ; : Tjj; uhwW; g;gil mofs ; : 583 cUtfk; : kiyfF; ahidia ctikahff; p mjd; Xiriaf; flhmk; vdr; rpwgg; pjj; J. ghlL; ilj; jiytd; : edd; d; vdD; k; FWepy kdd; d;. ghoatu ; : ,uzpa Kl;ljJ; g; bgU=;Fd;W}u; bgU=;bfsrpfdhu;. 2. ``bea;ff; z; ntitbahL Fqcf;fz; ,wog; bghkk; y; bgWFtpu~; ~ ,l+;Rl;og; bghUs; tpsf;Ff. ,lk:; ,gg; hly/; bgU=b; fsrpfdhu; ghoa kiygLflhk; vDk; E}ypy; ,lkb; gwW; s;sJ. bghUs:; guprpy; bgww; Tj;jd; bgwg; nghFk; Tj;jid MwW; g;gLjj; y.; tpsf;fk:; ed;ddpd; Cupy; gupR bgw;w Tj;jd; gupR bgwgn; ghFk; Tjj; dplk;/ ``m=;nf/ bea;apy; btej; khkprj;jpd; bghupaiyak[ ; jpidr;nrhw;iwa[k; czthfg; bgWtPu~; ~ vdW; MwW; g;gLjJ; fpd;whd;. 3. gj;Jgg; hl;oy; mike;j MwW; gg; il E}y;fs; kwW; k; mjd; Mrpupau; bgau;fisa[k; vGJf. ,ay; 3 E}y; Mrpupau; jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil ? eff; Puu; bgUkg; hzhwW; gg; il ? foaY}u; cUj;jpu=f; zz; dhu; rpWghzhw;Wgg; il ? eyY; }u; ejj; j;jdhu; bghUeuhw;Wgg; il ? Klj;jhkff; zz; pahu; Tjj; uhwW; gg; il ? bgU=b; fsrpfdhu; fwg; it fw;wgpd; gff; k:; 57 1. czt[/ tpUe;J Fwpj;j gHbkhHpfisj; jpulo; mit rhue; j; epfHt; f[ is vLj;Jiuf;f. m) v.fh : `cgg; pl;ltiu css; stk[ ; epid~ fij ? vWk;gk[ ; gw[ htk[ ; : FsjJ; ePupy; tpGe;J jj;jspjj; vWk;igj; jff; rkaj;jpy; gw[ hthdJ Xu; ,iyiag; gwpjJ; g; nghlL; vWk;ig mjdk; PJ Vwp fiuf;F tur; bra;jJ. brae; d;wp kwthj vWkg; hdJ kWKiw g[whitf; bfhy;y te;j ntldpd; fhiyf; foj;jjhy; mtd; va;j mk;g[ jtwpaJ gw[ h fhgg; hw;wg;gll; J. M) v.fh : mst[fF; kwP pdhy; mkpu;jKk; e+R; www.tnpscjob.com
110 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ fij : gy ehlf; s; glo; dpahff; fplej; vyp xd;W jhdpa=f; s; epugg; gg; l;l Xu; caukhd ghidiag; ghuj; j; J. cauj;jpy; Vw Koahj fhuzj;jhy; vypahdJ ghidapd; moapy; cs;s Xli; lapd; tHpna cs;ns brd;wJ. mstf[ F; mjpfkhd jhdpa=f; is cz;ljhy; tapW g[ile;jJ. Xl;ilia tplL; btspnaw Koahj vyp kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; KadW; mjd; tapW fpHpe;jJ. Xli; lia tpl;L btspnawpa rpy epkpl=f; spny typahy; JojJ; r; brj;jJ. 2. gjj; piag; gojJ; thu ,jH; xdw; pw;F mDg;g[k; tifapy; rikay; Fwpg;ghf khwW; f. fk;k=;TH; jahupj;jy; : bghRfF; fpwJ btapy/; xU Jsp kiH gll; hy; tWj;j cSjj; pd; thrk; gugg; k[ ; twz;l kz.; btoj;j epyk; brHpj;J tpisfpwJ fk;kk; gapu;. cuypy; Fjj; p/ Rsfpy; gi[ lf;f mjd; cHp eP=;Fk.; ePu; bjspj;Jj; bjspjJ; / kPzL; k; cuypy; ,off; mJ xdW; ld; xd;W xl;o khthFk.; cg;g[f; fyeJ; ciyapy; Vww; p/ bfhjpfF; k; ePupy; fiuatplL; f; fpz;l/ fl;oahfp mJ nrhwhFk.; fk;k+; nrhwi; w cUl;o itjJ; / gpd; nkhu; tpl;Lf; fiuj;jhy; mJ fk;k=;f+;rp myy; J fk;k=T; H/; nkhu; kpsfha; tww; y/; cg;gpy; njhaj; j; gri; r kpsfha; myy; J rpdd; bt=;fhak; fojJ; f; f+;rpiaf; Fojj; hy; crr; p bjhl;L css; =;fhy; tiu njfk; Fspue; J; nghFk;/ mdy; ml=;Fk.; capu; tUk; fkg; [ fWgg; [ epwf; fupry; kzz; pd; ,aw;ifj; j=;fk.; fk;k=;TH; : (njitahd bghUl;fs); fk;kk; gapu; ? 2 ifgg; po cg;g [ ? njitf;F Vw;g ePu ; ? njitfF; Vw;g nkhu ; ? miu ypl;lu; nkhu; kpsfha; tw;wy ; ? 10 vzz; k; gri; r kpsfha; (myy; J) rpdd; bt=;fhak; ? njitf;F Vwg; ,ay; 3 bra;Kiw : fkk; k; gapiu ePu; bjspj;Jj; bjspjJ; cuypy; ,off; mJ xd;Wld; xd;W xl;o khthFk;. mjDs; njitahd mst[ ePUk; cgg; [k; nru;j;J ciyapypll; hy; mJ ,Wfp nrhwhFk.; me;jr; nrhwW; ld; nkhu; tplL; f; fiuj;jhy; fkk; =T; H; jahu;. nkhu; kpsfha; tw;wy;/ gri; r kpsfha; my;yJ rpdd; bt=;fhaji; jf; fojJ; f; bfhzL; ,f;f+;rpiaf; Fof;fyhk.; www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 111 ,ay; gz;ghL tpupthdk; nfhgy;yg[uj;J kf;fs; 3 ? fp. uh$ehuhazd; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; ,ay; 3 beLtpdh 1. mdd; kaa; h vdD; k; bgaUfF; k; mtupd; braYfF; k; css; bghUjj; g;ghl;oidf; nfhgy;ygu[ j;J kf;fs; fijgg; Fjp bfhz;L tptupf;f. Fwpg;gr[ r; ll; k; Kd;Diu mdd; kaa; ht[ld; tej; thypgd; ePr;Rj; jz;zPu; $Pt Cw;W md;dka;ahtpd; kdepiwt[ bgau; bghUjj; k; gunk!;tud; (kzp) Koti[ u KdD; iu : nfhgy;yg[ujJ; kff; s; vdw; fij rhfpj;jpa mfhbjkp gupR bgww; fp. uh$ehuhazd; mtu;fs; vGjpaJ. mdd; kaa; h vd;Dk; bgaUfF; k/; mtupd; braYf;Fk; css; bghUjj; gg; hlo; id ,ff; ijapy; fhz;nghk;. md;dkaa; ht[ld; te;j thypgd; : Rgi; gahtl[ d; g[+;irapy; mdW; mUF vLfF; k; ntiy. mdd; kaa; h ntiyfF; xU Mis miHjJ; te;jhu;. md;dkaa; htl[ d; tej; J rd;ahrpnah/ gunjrpnah ,yi; y. fpl;nl ngha; ghu;j;j gpwFjhd; bjupej; J mtd; xU thypgd.; thypgdJ jhoak[ /; mGf;F Mila[k;/ js;shl;lKk; mtid tnahjpgidg; nghytk[ ; rhkpahiug; nghytk[ ; fhl;oaJ. ePrR; j; jzz; uP ; : mdd; ka;ahitg; ghuj; ;j mt;thypgd/; Foff; j; jzz; p fpilfF; kh> vdf; nfl;lhd;. mjw;F mdd; kaa; h ePr;Rj; jzz; P juth> vdf; nfll; hd;. fupry; kzz; py; ghjp gi[ jf;fg;gl;L ,Ue;j fupa kz; ghj;jpujj; pd; tha; fw;fshy; @lg;gl;oUej; J. mdd; kaa; h kz;ghj;jpujj; pd; nkypUej; fy;iy mfww; pdhd.; $Pt Cw;W : mdd; ka;ah fyrj;jpypUe;J f+r; pd; ePjJ; g;ghfj;ijr; rpul;ilapy; Cww; pf; bfhLj;jhd.; ePj;Jg; ghfkhfpa nky; f+i; r thypgd; Foj;jJk; fyaj;ij myrp bjspt[ kiwej; nrhw;wpd; kFsp f+i; rak[ ; thypgDf;F Cww; pf; bfhLj;jhd; md;dka;ah.thypgDfF; s; $Pt CwW; bgh=;fpaJ. mtd; cw;rhfk; mile;jhd;. md;dka;ahtpd; kdepiwt[ : f+r; piaf; Fojj; thypgd; ntg;g ku epHiyr; brhu;f;fkha; epidj;Jj; J}=f; pdhd.; ,ijff; zl; md;dkaa; ht[fF; k; kdepiwt[ Vwg; ll; J. khug; py; ghy; FojJ; f; bfhzo; UfF; k; www.tnpscjob.com
112 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ nghnj tapW epiwe;J mg;gona J}=f; ptpLk; FHei; jiag; nghynt mtt; hypgidak[ ; ghu;jj; hd;. bgau; bghUj;jk; : J}f;fk; bjspeJ; vGej; thypgd; ``cd; bgau; vd;d>~~ vdW; md;dka;ahtplk; nfll; hd.; mjwF; mtd; md;dka;ah vd;whd;. vtt; st[ bghUjj; k;. `vdfF; ,dW; eP ,Lk; md;dk; jhd;~ vd; thH;t[f;F kPz;Lk; capu; bfhLjj; J vdW; kdJfF; s; Twpdhd; mtt; hypgd.; gunk!t; ud; (kzp) : mdd; kaa; h mej; thypgdpd; bgaiuf; nfll; hu.; mtd; jd; bgau; gunk!t; ud; vd;Wk; jw;nghija bgau; kzp vd;Wk; brhdd; hd.; fkk; +;nrhWk; JitaYk; bfhLjj; hu;fs;. grpahy; mijak[ ; cz;L cw=;fpdhd.; Koti[ u : mdd; kaa; h vdw; bgaUfF; Vwg; md;dkpl;L kdpjneak; fhjj; md;dkaa; htpd; bgau; mtDf;nf bghUjj; Kilajhf mikfpwJ. fk;k+;nrhWk/; JitaYk; fupry; kzQ; ld; kzf;fpd;wJ. TLjy; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. nfhgyy; fpuhkk; vdD; k; gj[ pdj;ijj; bjhlu;eJ; vGjgg; l;l fij __________. m) nfhgy;ygu[ k ; M) nfhgy;ygu[ jJ; f; nfhfpyh ,) nfhgyy; gu[ j;J kff; s ; <) nfhgy;y Rg;igah [tpil: ,) nfhgy;yg[uj;J kf;fs]; 2. nfhgy;yg[ujJ; kff; s; vd;Dk; fijapd; Mrpupau; __________. m) fp. uh$ehuhazd; M) ,ej; puh ghu;jj; rhujp ,) b$ankhfd; <) b$afhe;jd ; [tpil: m) fp. uh$ehuhazd]; ,ay; 3 3. ciwa{u; css; khtll; k; __________. m) jpUr;rp M) j+r; ht{u; ,) fqu ; <) bguk;gY}u ; [tpil: m) jpUrr; p] 4. fw=F; ,ir tpHhtpd; cwe;ij vd;W Fwpg;gpLk; E}y; __________. m) gw[ ehD}W M) mfehD}W ,) fypjb; jhif <) esbtzg; h [tpil: M) mfehD}W] 5. fp. uh$ehuhazpd; brhej; Cu; __________. m) nfhgy;ygu[ k; M) ,ilbrty; ,) jpUr;rp <) ehkf;fy ; [tpil: M) ,ilbrty]; 6. ,ilbrty; kff; spd; thH;tpay; fhl;rpfSld; fwg; idak[ ; g[Fjj; p vGjgg; l;Lss; E}y; __________. m) nfhgy;ygu[ j;J kff; s ; M) ghy;kuff; hlo; dpny ,) rl;il <) rpjj; d; nghf;F [tpil: m) nfhgy;ygu[ jJ; kff; s]; 7. vgn; ghuhl;ljj; pidg; gpd;dzpahff; bfhz;lJ nfhgy;yg[uj;J kf;fs; vdD; k; E}y;> m) tpLjiyg ; M) tptrhapfspd; ,) berthsu;fspd; <) bjhHpyhsuf; spd ; [tpil: m) tpLjiyg]; www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 113 8. nfhgyy; gu[ j;J kf;fs; vd;Dk; E}y; rhfpjj; pa mfhbjkp guprpidg; bgww; MzL; __________. m) 1988 M) 1991 ,) 1994 <) 1996 [tpil: M) 1991] 9. vGjJ; yfpy; fp.uh. vdw; iHf;fg;gLgtu; __________. m) fp. uh$khzpf;fk ; M) fp. uh$ehuhazd; ,) fp. uhrujj; pdk ; <) fp. uhrJiu [tpil: M) fp. uh$ehuhazd]; 10. fupry; tll; hur; brhy;yfuhjp xd;iw cUthff; patu; __________. m) njtneag; ghthzu; M) fp. uh$ehuhazd; ,) KjJ; yp=f; k ; <) mfpyd; [tpil: M) fp. uh$ehuhazd]; 11. tll; hu kug[ thab; khHpg; g[idf; fijfs; vt;tpyff; pak; vdW; miHff; gg; Lfpdw; d> m) eh+;rpy; M) bfh=;F ,) fupry; <) bea;jy; [tpil: ,) fupry]; 12. tll; hu kug[ thab; khHpg; g[idf; fijfisj; bjhl=f; patu; __________. m) mfpyd; M) ,e;jpuh ghu;jj; rhujp ,) eh+r; py;ehld; <) fp.uh$ehuhazd; [tpil: <) fp.uh$ehuhazd]; 13. nfhtpy;glo; iar; Rw;wpa tll; hug; gFjpfspy; njhd;wpa ,yf;fpa totk; __________. m) fupry; ,yff; pak; M) eh+;rpy; ,yf;fpak; ,) gJ[ ff; tpij <) gj[ pdk; [tpil: m) fupry; ,yff; pak]; 14. fp. uh$ehuhazDf;F Kd; vGjj; bjhl=f; pa fupry; kz;zpd; gilgg; hsp __________. m) F. mHfpuprhkp M) g{kzp ,) gh. brag;gpufhrk ; <) nrh. ju;kd ; [tpil: m) F. mHfpuprhkp] 15. fupry; ,yff; pag; gukg; iufF; j; bjhlu;gpy;yhjtiuf; fzl; wp. m) g{kzp M) tPuntYrhkp ,) ntyuhk @uj; j; p <) e. gpr;r@uj; j; p [tpil: <) e. gprr; @uj; j; p] 16. tll; hu tHfF; r; brhwf; isg; bghUj;jpf; fhl;Lf. ,ay; 3 i) ghr;ry; ? 1. nrhw;Wf;f+r; p ii) gjdk ; ? 2. nky;f+;rp iii) ePjJ; gg; hfk; ? 3. ftdkhf iv) kFsp ? 4. ghj;jp m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 M) 3/ 4/ 1/ 2 ,) 4/ 2/ 1/ 3 <) 3/ 1/ 4/ 2 [tpil: m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1] 17. tll; hu tHfF; r; brhw;fisg; bghUjj; pf; fhl;Lf. i) tujJ; ff; hud ; ? 1. gj[ patd; ii) rilj;J gs[ pjJ; ? 2. rypgg; [ iii) mYf;fk ; ? 3. mGjj; k; iv) bjhytli; lapy; ? 4. bjhiytpy; m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 M) 1/ 2/ 3/ 4 ,) 2/ 1/ 4/ 3 <) 4/ 2/ 1/ 3 [tpil: M) 1/ 2/ 3/ 4] 18. fhae; J; k; bfLff; pw bga;Jk; bfLf;fpw kiHiar; rhu;eJ; thH;fpw khdhthup kdpjuf; spd; thHf; i; fiar; brhy;Yk; ,yf;fpa=f; s; __________. m) fupry; ,yff; pa=;fs ; M) bea;jy; ,yff; pa=f; s; ,) bfh=;F ,yf;fpa=;fs; <) gj[ pd=;fs; [tpil: m) fupry; ,yf;fpa=f; s]; www.tnpscjob.com
114 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ fwg; it fw;wgpd; gf;fk;: 62 1. grpj;jtUf;F cztpLjy; vdw; mwrb; raiya[k; tpUe;jpdUf;F cztpLjy; vdw; gzg; hlL; r; braiya[k; xgg; plL; ngRf. grpj;jtUfF; cztpLjy; vdg; J xU kdpjnear; brayhFk;. `czo; bfhLj;njhu; capu; bfhLj;njhnu~ vdw; gf[ Hb; khHpfn; fwg; grpahy; tUeJ; k; xUtUf;F me;neujj; py; cztspg;gJ mtUf;Fg; g[j;Japu; mspgg; jhf ,Uf;fpwJ. tpUej; pdUf;F cztpLjy; vdg; J ehrR; itf;fhftk[ ; tpUen; jhk;gy; fhuzkhft[k; cztplgg; LfpwJ. jkpHu; gz;ghLfspy; rpwe;j xd;W tpUen; jhk;gy.; Mfnt/ tpUe;jspg;gjidg; bgWk;ngwhff; fUjp cztspg;gu;. 2. c=f; s; fwg; idia ,izjJ; epfHi; tf; fijahfF; f. mgg; htf[ F; k;/ mkk; htf[ ;Fk; ,ilna rpdd; +;rpW rrr; utf[ s; Vw;glL; / ,uzL; ngUnk Kfj;ijj; J}ff; p itj;Jf; bfhz;L MSfb; fhU @iyapy; cl;fhu;ej; pUfF; k; nghJ/ tpUej; pdu; tUif mtu;fis mdg; hd fztd; kidtpahf khww; ptpLk; mk;khtpd; bfLgpoak[ ; mgg; htpd; fPH;gg; ojYk; Mrr; upakhf ,UfF; k;. tpUej; hspfs; mof;fo tukhll; huf; sh vdW; ,UfF; k;. tpUej; pdu; jpdk; vdg; J vg;go tpoa[k; bjupak[ h> fhiyapypUe;nj tPlo; w;Fss; pUeJ; thrYf;F teJ; teJ; vl;og; ghuj; ;Jr; bry;ths; mk;kh. jpzi; zapy; nggg; u; ghuj; ;Jf; bfhz;oUfF; k; mgg; h nflg; hu;. ``vdd; tp&ak;/ ,d;dpf;F ahuhtJ tpUej; hsp tug;nghuh=f; sh vd;d>~~. ``V=;f..... fhiyapnyUeJ; ntgg; kuj;Jy fhf;fh tplhk fjj; pff; pl;nl ,Uf;nf ghuf; f; ypah> eprr; ak; ahnuh tpUe;jhsp tug;nghwh=;f ghU=;f.~~ ``mlnl/ Mkhk; fhf;fh fj;JJ ahU tug;nghwh> ,J gyhg;gH rPrd; Mrn; r.... cd; jk;gpjhd; tUthd;/ gyhgg; Hj;ijj; J}ff; pl;L~~ ? eh=f; s; Xog;ngha; bjUtpy; ghug; ;nghk;. mg;gh brhdd; J rup/ fhff; h fj;jpaJk; rup. J}ujj; py; ,ay; 3 bjUKidapy; mwe;jh=f; p khkh jiyapy; gyhg;gHjJ; ld; teJ; bfhzo; Uej; hu.; mkk; ht[fF; f; fhfi; f bkhHp bjupak[ ;. ? j+;rht{u;f; ftpuhau; tpil : tpUej; pdu; jpdk; mjpfhiyapy; fjputd; bghd; epwkhd xspff; jpuf; is tPrpf; bfhz;oUe;jhd;. tpoaiy czue; ;j gwitfs; xyp vGgg; pf; bfhz;oUe;jd. FLkg; j; jiytpfs; rhzePu; fiurYss; thsp/ Jilgg; k;/ nfhygb; gho fpzz; k; Mfpatwi; w vLjJ; f; bfhzL; btspnawp tPl;od; Kdw; pypy; rhzePu; bjspjJ; Jilg;gjj; hy; bgUf;fp nfhykpl;ldu;. gpd; tPlo; wF; s; brd;W kw;w ntiyfspy; <Lgg; ll; du.; xUtuJ ,yy; jj; py; kl;Lk; ntgg; kujj; pypUeJ; fhf;if xdW; fiueJ; bfhz;oUej; J. fhf;if mjpfhiyapy; fiuej; hy; tpUe;jpdu; tUif ,UfF; k; vd;gJ IjPfk;. Mfnt mg;bgzk; zp tpUeJ; f;fhd cztpidj; jahu; bra;a Mukg; pj;jhs.; ,ilapy; jd; fztDld; kdtUj;jk; Vw;glL; rzi; l ntW FHe;ijfspd; kdjpy; tpUej; pdu; tej; hy; bgw;nwhu; rzi; lia tpl;L tpl;L kfpHt; u; vdf; fUjpf; bfhzo; Ue;j nghJ gyhgg; Hk; xdi; wj; jd; jiyapy; itj;J Rkej; go te;jhu;. bgw;nwhu; rzi; lia tpl;Ltpl;L tpUej; pdiu tuntw;gjpYk; cgrupg;gjpYk; @Hf; pdu;. FHei; jfs; bgUkfpHr; ;rp milej; du.; www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 115 ,ay; gzg; hL fw;fzL; 3 bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu;fs; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. mwp+UfF; E}y;/ mwp+uJ E}y; Mfpa brhwb; whlu;fspy; bghUis ntWgLjj; f; fhuzkhf miktJ __________. m) ntw;Wik cUg[ M) vGtha; ,) ctk cUg[ <) cupr;brhy ; [tpil: m) ntw;Wik cUg][ FWtpdh 1. `vGJ vdw; hs~; vdg; J tpiut[ fhuzkhf `vGJ vGJ vd;whs;~ vd mLfF; j; bjhluhdJ. ,ay; 3 `rpupjJ; g; ngrpdhu~; vdg; J vtt; hW mLf;Fjb; jhluhFk>; `rpupjJ; ngrpdhu~; vd;gJ/ ctif fhuzkhf `rpupj;J rpupjJ; ngrpdhu~; vd mLf;Fj;bjhluhFk.; 2. ghujpahu; ftp+u;/ E}yfk; brdw; hu/; mtu; ahu>; Mfpa bjhluf; spy; vGthal[ d; bjhlUk; gadpiyfs; ahit>. bgau;g; gadpiy ? ftp+u; tpid gadpiy ? brd;whu; tpdh gadpiy ? ahu;> rpWtpdh 1. `fz;nz fzQ; w=;F! fhiyapy; ebP aGk;g[ khkiH bga;ifapny khk;g{[ nt fz;Qw=F; ! ghondd; jhyhl;L Mo Mo Xae; J; w=;F! ,j;jhyhlL; g; ghlypy; mike;Js;s bjhlu; tiffis vGJf. `fz;nz fz;Qw=F; ? tpspj;bjhlu; fhiyapy; ePbaGk;g[ ? Iej; hk; ntwW; ik bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu; khkiH bgai; fapny ? cuprb; rhy; bjhlu; khkg; [{nt fz;Qw=F; ? tpspj;bjhlu; ghondd; jhyhl;L ? tpidKwW; j; bjhlu; Mo Mo Xa;e;Jw=F; ? mLfF; jb; jhlu; www.tnpscjob.com
116 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ TLjy; tpdhf;fs; gyt[s; bjupf 1. fPHf; ;fhzg; dtw;Ws; bghUej; hj ,iziaj; njut; [ bra;f. m) fhtpup gha;ej; J ? vGthaj; ; bjhlu; M) ghodhs; fz;zfp ? tpidKwW; j; bjhlu; ,) ezg; h vGJ ? tpspj;bjhlu; <) gho kfpHe; ;jdu; ? bgaburr; jb; jhlu; [tpil: <) gho kfpHe; ;jdu; ? bgabur;rj;bjhlu]; 2. rupahd tupiriaj; nju;eb; jLjJ; vGJ. i) ghlji; jg; gojj; hs ; ? 1. ,uz;lhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu; ii) ,irahy; <uj; j; hu; ? 2. @dw; hk; ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu; iii) fayt; pHpfF; g; gupR ? 3. Ie;jhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu; iv) KUfdpd; rli; l ? 4. ehdf; hk; ntwW; ikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu; m) 1/ 2/ 3/ 4 M) 2/ 1/ 4/ 3 ,) 1/ 2/ 4/ 3 <) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 [tpil: ,) 1/ 2/ 4/ 3] 3. xU bjhlu; bkhHpapy; ,Ubrhwf; s; ,Ue;J mtww; pd; ,ilapy; brhyn; yh cUngh ,y;yhky; mg;gona/ bghUis czu;jJ; tJ __________. m) bjhif epiyjb; jhlu ; M) bjhfhepiyj;bjhlu; ,) kug[j;bjhlu ; <) ctikj;bjhlu ; [tpil: M) bjhfhepiyj;bjhlu]; 4. bjhfhepiyj; bjhlupd; tiffs; __________. m) 6 M) 7 ,ay; 3 ,) 8 <) 9 [tpil: <) 9] 5. tpspal[ d; vJ bjhlut; J tpspj;bjhlu; MFk>; m) bgau ; M) tpdh ,) tpid <) ,tww; py; vJt[kpyi; y [tpil: ,) tpid] 6. tpidKw;Wld; xU bgau; bjhlut; J ______. m) vGthaj; b; jhlu ; M) tpspj;bjhlu; ,) tpidbarr; j;bjhlu; <) tpidKw;Wj;bjhlu ; [tpil: <) tpidKwW; jb; jhlu]; 7. KwW; g; bgwhj ______ bgaur; b; rhyi; yj; bjhlut; J bgabur;rjb; jhlu; vdgg; Lk.; m) tpdh M) vGtha; ,) tpid <) ,tww; py; vJtk[ pyi; y [tpil: ,) tpid] 8. ______ cUgf[ s; btspg;gl mikak[ ; bjhlu;fs; ntwW; ikj; bjhfhepiyj;bjhluf; s; MFk;. m) ctk M) ntw;Wik ,) gzg; [ <) tpid [tpil: M) ntw;Wik] www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 117 9. bghUjj; pf; fhl;Lf. i) fl;Liuiag; gojj; hs ; ? 1. cuprb; rhy; bjhlu; ii) md;ghy; flo; dhu; ? 2. ehd;fhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj;bjhlu; iii) mwp+Uf;Fg; bghd;dhil ? 3. @dw; hk; ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj;bjhlu; iv) rhyr; rpwej; J ? 4. ,uz;lhk; ntwW; ikj; bjhfhepiyj;bjhlu; m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 M) 3/ 4/ 1/ 2 ,) 2/ 3/ 1/ 4 <) 4/ 2/ 3/ 1 [tpil: m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1] 10. bghUjj; pf; fhlL; f. ? 1. tpidbarr; j;bjhlu; i) fhtpup gha;e;jJ ii) ez;gh vGJ ? 2. bgabur;rjb; jhlu; iii) nfll; ghly ; iv) gho kfpHe; j; du; ? 3. vGtha;jb; jhlu; m) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1 ? 4. tpspj;bjhlu; ,) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 M) 2/ 1/ 4/ 3 <) 3/ 2/ 1/ 4 [tpil: m) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1] 11. ,ilr;brhy; bjhlupy; ,ilrb; rhy;Yld; bjhlu;tJ __________. m) bgau;/ tpid M) tpdh/ tpil ,) bgau;/ tpdh <) tpid/ tpdh [tpil: m) bgau;/ tpid] 12. kwb; whd;W vdg; J __________ [tpil: ,) ,ilrb; rhy; bjhlu]; m) tpidbarr; j;bjhlu ; M) tpidKwW; jb; jhlu; ,) ,ilr;brhy; bjhlu; <) cupr;brhy; bjhlu ; 13. xU brhy; ,uzL; @dW; Kiw mLf;fpj; bjhlut; J __________. m) ,ul;ilff; pstp M) mLf;Fjb; jhlu; ,) ,ul;LwbkhHpjy; <) cuprb; rhy; bjhlu; [tpil: M) mLf;Fjb; jhlu]; 14. nfl;f ntz;oa ghly;/ brhyy; j; jff; bra;jp Mfpad __________ ,ay; 3 m) bgaburr; =f; s; M) Tl;Lepiyg; bgaburr; =f; s; ,) Tl;Lepiy tpidbarr; =f; s; <) tpidbarr; =;fs; [tpil: M) Tl;Lepiyg; bgabur;r=f; s]; 15. md;ghy; fl;odhu;/ mwp+UfF; g; bghd;dhil Mfpa brhw;bwhluf; spy; bghUis ntWgLj;jf; fhuzkhf miktJ m) ntwW; ik cUg [ M) vGtha; ,) ctk cUg [ <) cuprb; rhy; [tpil: m) ntwW; ik cUg][ FWtpdh 1. bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu; vd;why; vd;d> xU bjhlu; bkhHpapy; ,U brhwf; s; ,UfF; k;. mtw;wpd; ,ilapy; brhy;nyh cUngh ,yy; hky; mg;gona bghUis czuj; ;Jk;. ,Jnt bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu; vdg;gLk;. www.tnpscjob.com
118 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 2. bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu;fs; vjj; id tifg;gLk;> mit ahit> bjhfhepiyj; bjhluf; s; xd;gJ tifgg; Lk;. mit: vGtha;j; bjhlu; ntwW; ikj; bjhlu; tpspj;bjhlu; ,ilrb; rhy; bjhlu; tpidKw;Wj; bjhlu ; cupr;brhy; bjhlu; bgaburr; j; bjhlu ; mLfF; j; bjhlu; tpidbar;rj; bjhlu; 3. vGthaj; ; bjhlu; vdw; hy; vdd; > rhdW; fs; jUf. vGthal[ d; bgau;/ tpid/ tpdh Mfpa gadpiyfs; bjhlut; J vGtha;j;bjhlu.; rhdW; : ,dpad; ftp+u; ? bgau; gadpiy fhtpup ghae; j; J ? tpid gadpiy ngUeJ; tUkh> ? tpdh gadpiy 4. tpspjb; jhlu; vd;why; vd;d> rhdW; jUf. tpspa[ld; tpid bjhlu;tJ tpspjb; jhlu;. rhd;W : ez;gh vGJ. 5. tpidKw;Wj; bjhlu; vd;why; vdd; > rhd;W jUf. tpidKw;Wld; xU bgau; bjhlUk;. tpidKwW; Kjypy; epdW; xU bgaiuf; bfhz;L Koa[k;. rhdW; : ghodhs; fzz; fp. 6. bgaburr; j; bjhlu; vdw; hy; vdd; > rhd;W jUf. Kw;Wg; bgwhj tpid (vrr; tpid) bgau;r; brhyi; yf; bfhz;L KotJ bgaburr; j; bjhlu; vdgg; Lk.; rhdW; : nfll; ghly; (nfl;l ? vr;rtpid/ ghly; ? bgau;rb; rhy); ,ay; 3 7. tpidbarr; j; bjhlu; vdw; hy; vd;d> rhd;W jUf. KwW; g; bgwhj tpid (vr;r tpid) tpidr;brhyi; yf; bfhzL; KotJ tpidbarr; j; bjhlu; vdg;gLk;. rhdW; : gho kfpHe; ;jdu;. 8. ntwW; ikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhluf; s; vd;why; vdd; > rhdW; jUf. ntw;Wik cUgf[ s; btspg;gilahf mikak[ ; bjhlu;fs; ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhluhFk.; rhd;W : flL; iuiag; gojj; hd;. 9. ,ilrb; rhy; bjhlu; vd;why; vdd; > rhd;Wld; tpsf;Ff. ,ilrb; rhyY; ld; bganuh tpidnah bjhlut; J ,ilrb; rhy; bjhlu; MFk.; rhdW; : kw;bwhdW; ? kwW; + xdW; kwW; ? ,ilr;brhy; xdW; ? ,ilr;brhy;iy mLjJ; epdW; bghUs; jUk; brhy;. 10. cuprb; rhy; bjhlu; vd;why; vd;d> rhd;W jeJ; tpsfF; f. cuprb; rhy;Yld; bganuh tpidnah bjhlu;tJ cuprb; rhy; bjhlu; MFk;. www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 119 rhd;W : rhyr; rpwe;jJ rhy ? cupr;brhy; rpwe;jJ ? cupr;brhy;iyj; bjhlue; ;J rpwej; J vdw; brhy; epd;W kpfr; rpwe;jJ vdw; bghUisj; jUfpdw; J. 11. mLf;Fj; bjhlu; vdw; hy; vd;d> rhdW; jUf. xU brhy; ,uz;L/ @dW; Kiw mLff; p tUk;. rhdW; : tUf! tUf! tUf! (gpupjj; hy; bghUs; jUk;. ctif/ tpiut/[ mrr; k;/ btFsp Mfpa bghUs;fspy; tUk.; brhw;fs; jdpjj; dpna epw;Fk;). rpWtpdh 1. Tl;Lepiyg; bgaburr; ji; j rhd;Wld; tpsf;Ff. ,ay; 3 Tl;Lepiyg; bgabur;rk; : xdw; pwF; nkw;gl;l vr;r=f; s; nrue; J; bgaiuf; bfhzL; KotJ TlL; epiyg; bgaburr; k.; cUthff; k; : ntz;oa/ Toa/ jff; / ty;y Kjyhd bgaburr; =f; is/ bra vdD; k; thag; hl;L tpidbar;rj;Jld; nrug; g; jd; @yk; TlL; epiyg; bgaburr; =f; s; cUthfpdw; d. rhd;W : nfl;f ntzo; a ghly;/ brhy;yj; jf;f bra;jp. 2. ntwW; ikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhliur; rpy rhdW; fSld; tpsf;Ff. ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhluf; s; : ntwW; ik cUg[fs; btspgg; l mika[k; bjhluf; s; ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhluf; s; MFk;. rhdW; : ,uz;lhk; ntwW; ik cUg[ `I~ fl;Liuiag; gojj; hs; ? ,jb; jhlupy; `I~ vdD; k; ,uz;lhk; ntwW; ik cUg[ btspg;gl teJ; ss; J. @dw; hk; ntwW; ik cUg[ `My~; md;ghy; (My;) flo; dhu; ? ,j;bjhlupy; `My~; vd;Dk; @dw; hk; ntw;Wik cUg[ btspg;gl te;Jss; J. ehd;fhk; ntw;Wik cUg[ `F~ mwp+Uf;Fg; bghdd; hil ? ,j;bjhlupy; `F~ vdD; k; ehdf; hk; ntwW; ik cUg[ btspg;gl te;Jss; J. fwg; it fww; gpd; gf;fk:; 64 1. ,dW; e=P ;fs; goj;j braj; pj;jhs;fspy; css; bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu;fisj; bjhFjJ; tUf. gjj; p braj; p : fjputd; te;jhd;. fjputh th vd miHjj; hs; rPjh. rPijiaf; fzn; ld; vdf; Twpa fjputd;/ mk;kh eykh> vdf; nfll; hd.; mkk; h edp eyk;; new;Wjhd; teJ; nghdhs;; cd;id www.tnpscjob.com
120 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ tprhupjj; hs; vdr; rPjh Twpdhs;. ,t;thW ngrpf; bfhz;oUej; rPjhtpd; fGj;jpy; fjj; pia itj;jhd; fjputd.; cd; r=f; pypiaj; jh vd;whd;. mts/; mtd; ifiaj; jl;otplL; btspna Xog;nghdhs.; jpUld/; jpUld; vd mts; Tr;rypll; ijf; nfll; Cu; kf;fs; midtUk; jpuzl; du;; fjputidg; gpojj; du;. gpd; fhty; epiyajj; pw;Fj; jfty; bfhLjj; du; fhtyu; mtidf; ifJ bra;J rpiwapy; miljj; du.; ek;gpf;if Jnuhfp xUtdplkpUe;J jhd; fhg;ghw;wg;gl;ljw;fhf ,iwtDf;F edw; p Twpdhs.; tpil : fjputd; te;jhd/; mk;kh eykh>/ rPjh Twpdhs;/ ? vGtha;j; bjhlu;fs; midtUk; jpuzl; duh> fjputh th ? tpspj;bjhlu; jpUld; jpUld; ? mLfF; jb; jhlu; (mr;rk; fhuzkhf) miHjj; hs; rPjh ? tpidKw;Wj; bjhlu; edpeyk; ? cupr;brhy; bjhlu; Twpa fjputd/; nfll; Cu; kf;fs; ? bgabur;rj; bjhlu;fs; te;J nghdhs; ? tpidbarr; j; bjhlu; rPijiaf; fz;nld;/ cd;id tprhupj;jhs/; ? ,uz;lhk; ntw;Wikj; fjj; pia itjj; hd;/ bjhfhepiyj; bjhluf; s; fjputidg; gpojj; du;/ r=;fpypiaj; jh fGjj; py; fj;jp/ rpiwapy; miljj; du; ? Ie;jhk; ntwW; ikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu;fs; fhty; epiyajj; pw;Fj; jfty;/ ,iwtDfF; ? ehdf; hk; ntwW; ikj; edw; p bjhfhepiyj; bjhluf; s; 2. fHP f; f; hQk; gjj; papy; css; bjhlu; tiffis vLj;J vGJf. ,ay; 3 khoapypUeJ; ,w=;fpdhu; KfkJ. mtu; ghlfu;. ghlyf; isg; ghLtJk; nfl;gJk; mtUfF; g; bghGJnghf;F. mtuJ miwapy; nfl;l ghly;fisa[k; nfl;fhj ghly;fisak[ ; bfhz;l FWe;jfLfis mLf;F mLff; hf itjj; pUg;ghu;. tpil : ,w=;fpdhu; KfkJ ? tpidKw;Wj; bjhlu; mtu; ghlfu; ? vGthaj; ; bjhlu; ghLtJ nfl;gJ ? TlL; tpidbarr; j; bjhlu; nfll; ghly;fs; ? bgabur;rj; bjhlu; nflf; hj ghly;fs ; ? vjpu;kiwg; bgaburr; j; bjhlu; mLfF; mLff; hf ? mLfF; j; bjhlu; 3. tz;zr; brhw;fspd; bjhlu; tiffis vGJf. gHfg; gHfg; ghYk; g[spfF; k; ? mLfF; j;bjhlu; toj;j f+;rpapy; nriyia myrpndd ; ? bgabur;rj; bjhlu; nkilapy; edw; hfg; ngrpdhd.; ? tpidbarr; j; bjhlu; tej; hu; mz;zd ; ? tpidKw;Wj; bjhlu; mupa ftpijfspd; bjhFg;g[ ,J. ? Ie;jhk; ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj; bjhlu; www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 121 bkhHpia Msn; thk; gf;fk;: 67 bkhHpbgau;f;f. ,ay; 3 Respected ladies and gentleman, I am Ilangovan studying tenth standard. I have come here to say a few words about our Tamil Culture. Sangam literature shows that Tamils were best in culture and civilization about two thousand years ago. Tamils who have defined grammar for language have also defined grammar for life. Tamil culture is rooted in the life styles of Tamils throughout India, Srilanka, Malaysia, Singapore, England and Worldwide. Though our culture is very old, it has been updated consistently. We should proud about our culture. Thank you one and all. jkpHg; ; gz;ghL kupahijf;Fupatuf; ns- vd; bgau; ,s=n; fhtd;. ehd; gjj; hk; tFg;gpy; gof;fpnwd;. ehd; jkpH; gzg; hl;ilg; gw;wp rpy thuj; ;ijfs; brhy;y te;jpUf;fpnwd;. ,uzl; hapuk; tUlj;jpw;F Kd; gz;ghlo; Yk;/ ehfupfjj; pYk; rpwe;J tps=;fpatu;fs; jkpHuf; s; vd;W r=;f ,yff; pak; TWfpwJ. bkhHpfF; ,yff; zk; tFjj; jkpHnu thH;f;iff;Fk; ,yf;fzk; tFjj; du;. jkpHuf; spd; gz;ghL ,e;jpah/ _y=f; h/ ,=f; pyhe;J/ knyrpah/ rp=f; gg; {u; kwW; k; cyfbk=F; k; cs;s jkpHu;fspd; thHf; i; fj; juj;jpy; ntqd;wp cs;sJ. ek; gz;ghL gHikahdjhf ,Ue;jhYk; mJ rPuhd Kiwapy; nkk;gLjj; p cs;sJ. ehk; ek; gz;ghl;ilg; gww; p bgUkpjk; bfhs;s ntzL; k;. midtUfF; k; edw; p! gHbkhHpfis epiwt[ bra;f. cgg; py;yhg; gz;lk; Fgi; gapny. xU ghidr; nrhwW; fF; / xU nrhW gjk.; cgg; pll; tiu css; st[k; epid. tpUe;Jk; kUeJ; k; @dW; ehl;fs.; mstf[ ;F kp+r; pdhy; mKjKk; e+R; . gj;jpiag; goj;Jf; fUj;ijr; RUf;fp vGJ. giHanrhW gri; r bey; taiyf; fz;fs; KGJk; Rke;J ,sbeyi; y Efu;eJ; / mjd; ghiy Urpj;J/ ePuhtpapy; me;j bey; mtpak[ ; fjfjgg; hd gG[ =;fy; kzk; tiu Ritj;jts; ehd.; mtpj;J/ fha;eJ; Fj;jpa me;jg; g[G=;fy; muprpia/ mjd; fLg;g[ kzj;ij nrhwhF Kd; if epiwa ms;sp thapy; nghlL; beupj;J bkdw; ts; brhy;fpnwd;. gfbyyy; hk; cr;rp btapYfF; mJ RlrR; lg; gG[ =f; yuprpr; nrhW ,ut[ KGtJk; mej; r; nrhW ePupy; CWk;. tpoej; ,ej; f; fhiyapy; mjd; bgau; giHa nrhW myy; J giHaJ fhj;jpUe;J/ rpdd; bt=f; hak;/ gri; r kpsfha; fojJ; ePuhfhuk; nghy; Fog;gJ xU tif. thiH ,iyapy; mej; g; giHar; nrhwi; wg; gpHpe;J nghl;lhy;/ tLkh=f; ha; my;yJ cgg; [ ehuj; j; =f; ha; mjDld; nruj; J; f; bfhs;sj; Jog;gJ ,db; dhU tif. Rz;l itjj; Kjy; ehs; FHkg; [ ,dD; k; cr;rk;! ey;y giHaJ khkg; Hk; thrk; tPRkhk;. giHa nrhW mJ fpuhkj;J cd;djk.; ``ifff; ly; KjJ; fF; <lha; kpff; beyK; jJ; ~~ ? KfT; lwg; sS; tpil : beyi; y mtpjJ; fhaitjJ; vLfF; k; g[G=;fy; muprpiar; nrhwhff; p/ mjid ,ubty;yhk; ePupy; Cw itjJ; / fpilfF; k; giHa nrhw;Wld; rpdd; bt=f; hak/; gri; r kpsfha;/ tLkh=f; ha;/ cgg; [ ehuj;j=f; ha; kwW; k; Rzl; itj;j FHk;g[ ,tw;wpy; xd;iwf; Tl;lhf itj;J rhg;gpLtJ fpuhkj;J cd;djk.; www.tnpscjob.com
122 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ ,ay; 3 fijahf;Ff. kdpj thHt; py; xt;bthU ehSk; gJ[ g;gJ[ kdpjuf; isg; ghuf; f; pnwhk;; g[Jgg; J[ r; bra;jpfs; fpl;Lk!; fplL; fpw fUg;bghUisj; jpulo; / fw;gid eak; fijahf;FtJ xU fiy. mJ rpWfijahf ,Uff; yhk;. gj[ pdkhf ,Uff; yhk.; mdi; g vjpug; huj; ;jpUg;gtuhf/ ahUkww; tuhf...... ,Uf;Fk; xUtu; c=f; spd; cjtpahy; kdk; kfpH;e;j epfH;tpidf; fijahfF; f. tpil : cjtp mej; pkhiyg; bghGjpy; eilgapw;rp nkw;bfhz;oUe;j nghJ ghyj;jpd; fPHpUeJ; rj;jk; nfl;L ghyj;jpd; moapy; vl;og; ghuj; n; jd.; grpkaf;fjj; hy; RUzL; fplej; hs; xU bgz.; Fspu; jh=f; Koahky; rjj; k;. miuFiw Milapy; ,Ue;jhs.; kdeyk; ghjpff; gg; l;l bgz; vdf; fz;Lgpoj;njd.; clnd/ tPlo; wF; te;J czit xU ghj;jpuj;jpYk;/ Mil kw;Wk; xU nghu;itia xU igapYk; vLj;Jf; bfhz;L ngha;f; bfhLj;njd;. mt;tz[ it vLjJ; rhg;gpLtjw;Ff; Tl mtsplk; gykpy;iy. ghjp rhg;gplL; tpl;L cl;fhu Koahky; mtt; z[ tpd; kPnj rupeJ; tpGe;jhs;. clnd mUfpy; ,Uej; kUjJ; tiu miHjJ; te;J kUjJ; tk; ghu;j;J/ mtis kUj;Jtupd; cjtpal[ d; kdeyf; fhg;gfjj; pwF; mDg;gp itj;njd;. mts; kdjpy; Vnjh xU kfpHr; ;rp bjd;gl;lJ. fojk; vGJf. czt[ tpLjpbahdw; py; tH=;fgg; l;l czt[ jukw;wjhft[k; tpiy TLjyhft[k; ,Ue;jJ Fwpj;J cupa rhdW; fSld; czt[g; ghJfhg;g[ MizaUfF; f; fojk; vGJf. czt[g; ghJfhgg; [ MizaUf;Ff; fojk; mDg;g[eu; fzz; d/; 25/ tss; y; bjU/ mz;zhefu;/ jpUbeyn; typ ? 11. bgWeu; czt[ ghJfhgg; [ Mizau; mtu;fs/; czt[ ghJfhgg; [ Mizak/; jpUbey;ntyp. kjpg;gpw;Fupa Iah/ bghUs; : jukww; czt[ tH=f; pa czt[ tpLjpapd; kPJ eltofi; f vLfF; khW ntzL; jy; ? bjhlu;ghf. tzf;fk.; ,d;W fhiy ngUe;Jepiyajj; pwF; btspapy; cs;s ``Ritafk~; ~ vdw; cztfjj; pwF; r; brdn; whk.; ehDk; vd; ezg; Dk; czt[ czn; lhk;. cztpy; fy;Yk;/ FHkg; py; g{r;rpa[k; fple;jJ. cztf nkyhsuplk; Kiwapln; lhk;. mjwF; r; rupahd fhuzji; j mtu; mspf;ftpyi; y. nkYk; m=F; itff; g;gl;oUe;j czt[ tpiygg; l;oay; gyifapy; vGjp itff; gg; l;oUe;j bjhifia th=f; hky; TLjyhf ,UgJ qghiaf; fhrhsu; th=f; pdhu.; www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 123 vdnt/ jukw;w czita[k;/ tpiy TLjyhft[k; tpw;gid braj; / mej; cztfjj; pd; kPJ eltof;if vLfF; khW gzptl[ d; nflL; fb; fhsf; pnwd.; nkYk; ,jw;fhd jff; rhd;Wfs; (gi[ fg;glk); ,jJ; ld; ,izf;fgg; lL; ss; d. ed;wp! jpUbeyn; typ.,g;gofF; / 23.03.2020. j=f; s; cz;ika[s;s/ fzz; d;. ciwnky; Kftup: bgWeu; czt[ ghJfhg;g[ Mizau; mtu;fs/; czt[ ghJfhg;g[ Mizak;/ jpUbeyn; typ. eak; ghuhl;Lf. ``fj;Jfly; NHe; hiff; fhj;jhd;jd; rj;jpujj; py; mjj; kpfF; k; nghJ muprptUk; ? Fj;jp ciyapypl Cul=;Fk; Xu; mfg;ig mdd; k; ,iyapypl btss; p vGk~; ~. ? fhsnkfg; g[ytu; jpuzl; fUj;J : thiHfF; mHF FUj;J braa; S[ f;F mHF jpuz;l fUj;J fly; NHe; ;j Cu; ehfg;gl;odk;. m=F; ss; fhj;jhd; rjj; pujj; py; bghGJ ,w=F; k; nghJjhd; muprp tUk.; mjidj; jPl;o ciyapy; nghLk;nghJ Cnu ml=f; pg; nghapUf;Fk.; Xu; mfg;igr; nrhW ,iyapy; nghLk;nghJ tpobtss; p KisjJ; tpLk;. bjhil eak; : ,ay; 3 bjhilaww; ghlL; eilaw;Wg; nghFk; braa; [spy; vJif/ nkhid/ ,iag[/ Kuz; Mfpa cWg;g[fshy; bjhLff; gg; LtJ bjhil. nkhid eak; : nkhidaw;w ghlL; nridaw;w ehL braa; [spy; monjhWk; myy; J rPu;njhWk; Kjy; vGjJ; xdw; p tUtJ nkhid vdgg; Lk;. rhdW; : fjJ; fly/; fhj;jhd; ciyapypl/ Cul=F; k; mj;jkpfF; k;/ muprp tUk; vJif eak; : tuP j;Jf;F mHF nt=i; f ghlL; f;F mHF vJif monjhWk; myy; J rPu;njhWk; ,uz;lhk; vGj;J xdw; p tUtJ vJif vdg;gLk;. www.tnpscjob.com
124 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ rPu; vJif: fjJ; fly;/ fhjj; hd;/ rjj; puj;jpy\"; mjj; kpf;Fk/; Fj;jp mo vJif: fjJ; fly; ciyapypl mjj; kpf;Fk; ,iyapypl mzp eak; : nfhtpYf;F kzp mHF bra;a[SfF; mzp mHF ,g;ghly; ,U bghUs;gl teJ; ,ulL; w bkhHpjy; mzpahy; my=f; upff; g;gl;L css; J. gh eak; : ,g;ghly; neupir btzg; h tifiar; rhue; ;jJ. jiyg;g[ : `ehif rj;jpuk~; vdg; J ,g;ghlYfF; g; bghUj;jkhd jiyg;g[. bkhHpnahL tpisahL gff; k:; 68 t pLgl;l vGj;Jfis epug;gp me;j vGj;Jfis kl;Lk; ,izj;J xspe;Js;s xU E}ypd; bgaiuf; fz;Lgpo. ,wF (gwitaplk; ,Ug;gJ) mff; h (j=;iff;F @j;jts); FUjp (rptgg; [ epwj;jpy; ,UfF; k;) kjp (mwptpd; kW bgau;) ths; (kdd; uplk; ,Ugg; J) glF (ePupy; bryt; J glF) tpil : jpUfF; ws; ,ay; 3 ,U brhw;fisa[k; xnu bjhlupy; mikj;J vGJf. rpiy ? rPiy : v.fh: rpiyiaj; jpiur;rPiyahy; kiwjj; pUe;jdu;. bjhL ? njhL : f hijj; bjhLk;nghJ njhL mHfhf MoaJ. kL ? khL : kLtpy; (Fl;ilapy;) khL ePu;f; Foj;jJ. kiy ? khiy : kiy kPJ Vwp khiyapy; tpisahondd.; tsp ? thsp : t spak[ ; (fhw;Wk;) thspak[ ; (md;gk[ ;) ,y;yhky; thH KoahJ. tpL ? tPL : mfe;ijia tpL/ tPLngW (brhu;f;fk); fpilfF; k.; mfuhjpapy; fz;L bghUs; vGJf. m) Cz;/ Cd; Cz; ? ,iu/ czo; / nrhW/ czt/[ Mdk; htpd; RfJff; Dgtk;. Cd ; ? cly;/ jir/ epzk;/ khkprk;/ rhPuk;. M) jpiz/ jpid jpiz ? ,lk;/ xGf;fk;/ Fo/ Fyk/; g{kp/ bghUs;. jpid ? xU rhik (jhdpak); / rpWik. www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 125 ,) mzz; k/; mdd; k; mz;zk; ? nkyt; ha/; nky; ehfF; . md;dk; ? ftupkhd;/ nrhW jhdpak/; gpukk; thfdk.; <) btyy; k/; bts;sk; bty;yk; ? fUg;g+;rhw;Wff; lo; . bts;sk ; ? ePu;gb; gUf;F/ fly/; flyiy/ ePu;/ <uk;/ kpFjp/ cz;ik. fhl;rpiaf; fz;L ftpDw vGJf. ``tWikapy; thoa vdfF; xUehs; fpiljj; J eyY; zt.[ ..... cz;Qk; ntisapy; eP te;jha;...... grpahy; ,ize;njhk; gfpue; J; czz; yhk; th- njhHh th-~~ bray; jpl;lk; czt[/ tpUe;J rhue; ;j gHbkhHpfisak[ ; tpHpgg; z[ u;tj[ ; bjhlu;fisak[ ; jpul;o/ mfu tupirg;gLjj; p ,ay; 3 tFgg; iwapy; fhlr; pgg; Lj;Jf. v.fh: behW=f; j; jpd;why; E}W taJ mst[fF; kp+;rpdhy; mkpu;jKk; e+R; . cg;gpll; tiu cs;sst[k; epid. cg;gpyy; hg; gz;lk; Fg;igapny. xU ghid nrhwW; fF; xU nrhW gjk;. filj; nj=f; hia tHpg;gpsi; sahUfF; cilf;fhnj. behW=f; j; jpdw; hy; E}W taJ. grp tej; plg; gjJ; k; gweJ; nghFk;. gzk; ge;jpapny Fzk; Fgi; gapny. gHfg; gHfg; ghYk; gs[ pfF; k;. KG g{rzpiar; nrhw;wpy; kiwff; hnj. thHt; jw;fhf cz;; czg; jwf; hf thHhnj. tpUeJ; k; kUeJ; k; @d;W ehs;. tpisa[k; gapu; Kisapny bjupa[k.; tpid tpijjj; td; tpid mWgg; hd;; jpid tpijj;jtd; jpid mWgg; hd;. btz;bzia itjJ; f; bfhz;L beaf; ;F miythndd.; www.tnpscjob.com
126 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ fiyr;brhy; mwpnthk; brt;tpyff; pak; ? Classical literature Epic literature fhgg; pa ,yff; pak; ? Devotional literature Ancient literature gf;jp ,yf;fpak; ? Regional literature Folk literature gzi; la ,yff; pak; ? Modern literature tl;lhu ,yf;fpak ; ? ehlL; g;gw[ ,yff; pak ; ? etPd ,yff; pak ; ? epwf; mjwF; j; jf ``jk;gp... cdfF; g; gporr; fha; brhy;Y~~ ? ``nful~; ~ ``gporr; gHk~; ~ ? ``Mg;gps;~~ ``gporr; fhiy czt~[ ~ ? ``E}Ly;!~; ~ ``kjj; pahdjJ; fF; ~~ ? ``Bg;iuL iu!;~~ ``uhjj; pup~~ ? ``gPl!; h my;yJ gh!;jh~~ ,J Vnjh M=;fpygg; lj;jpd; trdk; myy; . ``rupah rhgg; pl khln; l=;fpwhd; lhf;lu~; ~ vd;W vdd; plk; miHjJ; tug;gl;l xU rpWtDldhd vd; ciuahly; xl;L bkhjj; ,isa jiyKiwa[k; ghuk;gupa czit tpl;L ntfkhf tpyfpr; brd;wJ vg;go> ,l;ypa[k; rhkg; hu; rhjKk; fj;jpupf;fha;g; bghupaYk; ,dp fhzhky; ngha;tpLkh> mjpu;rr; pahd gjpy; Mk; fhzhky; nghat; pLk-; c=;fs; FHei; jfs; ``ML khLfisj; jtpu kD&=f; Tl fPiuiar; rhgg; pLth=;fsh kk;kp> vd vjpuf; hyjj; py; nflf; f;TLk.; kUj;Jtu; F. rptuhkdpd; ,ff; Ujj; pw;Fr; r@f mf;fiwal[ dhd c=;fspd; gjpy; vdd; thf ,UfF; k;> ,ay; 3 tpil : ehfupfk; fUjpnah/ ehrR; it fUjpnah ek; ghukg; upa czt[fisj; jtpuj; ;jy; TlhJ. btgg; kakhd ek; ehlo; wF; g[G=f; y; muprpna Vww; J. Mfnt/ ek; ehl;Lr; NHYf;F Vw;w ghuk;gupa cztf[ isj; jpdKk; fl;lha czthf cl;bfhs;Sk; nghJ mJ ek; clYf;F kpFej; rf;jpiaf; bfhLfF; k.; ghuk;gupa cztf[ isj; jtpuf; F; k; nghJ `cznt kUeJ; ~ vd;w epiy khwp `kUe;nj czt[~ vdw; epiyf;Fj; jss; g;gLnthk; vd;W kf;fspilna tpHpgg; [zui; t Vw;gLjj; ntz;Lk;. www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 127 ,ay; gzg; hL thH;tpay; ,yf;fpak; 3 jpUf;Fws; ? jpUts;Stu; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; fwg; it fw;wgpd; gf;fk:; 73 1. gl=;fs; czu;j;Jk; Fwspd; fUj;jpid ikakpl;L tFg;gpy; fye;JiuahLf. Kaw;rp jpUtpid Mf;Fk; Kaw;wpdi; k gz;vd;dhk; ghlwF; ,iagpd;nwy;\" fzv; d;dhk; ,di; k g[Fj;jp tpLk.; fz;nzhll; k; ,yy; hj fz.; glk; ? 1 (m) : ,ay; 3 Kawr; p jpUtpid MfF; k; Kaww; pd;ik ,di; k g[Fjj; p tpLk;. mwpt[ : nkwf; z;l glji; jf; fhQk; nghJ eP vd;d epidff; pwha;> kjp : khlL; tzo; f;fhudpd; ciHgg; [ bjupfpwJ. mwpt [ : vg;go> kjp : brhe;j tz;onah/ thlif tz;onah bjupatpyi; y. vdpDk; @l;ilfis Vw;WtjwF; k; ,wfF; tjw;Fk; jdD; ld; Typahlf; is itff; hky; jhnd mrb; raiyr; braf; pwhd;. nkYk; mtd; tz;oapy; mku;e;J bryy; tpyi; y. ,J mtdplKs;s nrhk;gypd;ikia btspgg; LjJ; fpwJ. mwpt [ : ,jd; @yk; eP TwtpUf;Fk; fUjJ; ahJ> kjp : ,gg; ogg; ll; fod ciHg;ghsp thH;tpy; xU ehSk; tWik epiyia milakhl;lhd;. thHt; py; cau;tilthd.; glk; ? 1 (M) : (ciuahly; bjhlur; ;rp) kjp : ,gg; ljj; py; FLkg; jj; iytd; ciHg;gpd;wp nrhk;ngwp ,Ujj; yhy; mtd; FLkg; k; tWik epiyapy; cs;sJ. g lk; ? 2 (m) : gzv; d;dhk; ghlw; ,iagpd;nwy;; fzv; d;dhk; fz;nzhll; k; ,y;yhj fz;. mwpt[ : nkw;fz;l glji; jg; ghuf; ;Fk; nghJ cd; kdjpy; njhd;Wk; fUjJ; ahJ> www.tnpscjob.com
128 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ kjp : `jh~ vd;W gpwuplk; ahrpjj; y; ,Hpthd brayhFk.; mg;go nfl;Lk; nfl;l bghUisf; bfhLf;fhky; ,Ugg; J mijtpl ,HpthFk.; mwpt[ : ,r;bray; Fwpj;J eP vdd; fUJfpwha;> kjp : Iad; ts;Std; TwpaJ nghy ,uff; k; ,y;yhj fzf; shy; gad; vd;d> vd;W fUJfpnwd.; g lk; ? 2 (M) : (ciuahly; bjhlur; ;rp) kjp : ,irnahL ghly; bghUe;jhjjhy; kf;fs; mjid tpUk;ghky; mtt; plji; j tplL; f; fle;J bryf; pdw; du/; ghly;/ ,ir ,uz;Lk; ntWgl;lhy; vd;d gad;. ,ijg; nghyntjhd; ,uf;f Fzkpy;yhjtDf;Ff; fz; ,UeJ; k; mjdhy; gad; xd;Wk; ,y;iy. 2. fijf;Fg; bghUj;jkhd Fwisj; nju;t[ bra;J fhuzj;ij vGJf. `rpd;dr;rhkp... ahnuh kuj;njhukh epw;fpwh=;f... ahuha; ,Uf;Fk.; ..~~ khlL; tz;oa Xlo; f;fpln; l mgg; h nfl;lhu.; ``bjupaygg; h...~~ ``,w=;fp ahUd;D ghU...~~ thl;lrhll; kha;/ fz;zhoak[ ; miyngrpa[k; ifak[ ha; rhiynahuj;jpy; tzo; a[ld; xUtu; epd;wpUej; hu.; ``Iah... eP=f; ...~~ btspa{Ugg; h... tz;o epdW; nghrR; ...-~~ ``mg;goah... tzo; aj; J}ff; p khl;L tz;oapy tr;RlL; th=;f. kiH tu;w khjpupapUfF; ... CU buhk;g J}uk.; . ntw tzo; a[k; tuhJ...~~ ,ay; 3 mtu; ciliaak[ ; ciHjJ; f; fisj;j tpaui; t bgh=f; pa cliyak[ ; ghuj; ;J tuiydD; ll; hu.; @dW; ehdF; ngu;jhd; tzo; apy ,Ue;njhk;... rpwpJ J}uk; nghwJf;Fs;s kiH bfhl;L bfhlL; dD; bfhlo; UrR; ... eh=;f tPl;LfF; g; nghapln; lhk.; ,uty[ J}=f; g; nghwg;g... mg;gh brhdd; hu.; jk;gp... me;j NlL; ff; huu; kiH jh=;fhk ele;jpUf;fhU. nj=;fh tpGeJ; kzl; cil+R; ... ntw ahnuh J}ff; plL; tej; pUf;fh=f; . ekk; CU MRgj;jpupapy... fl;Lgn; ghlL; ff; plL; ,Ue;jh=f; .. ghtk; gorr; tuh ,Uff; hU... NH;epiy gu[ pahk tukhl;nld;D brhd;dhU. ,g;g ntjidg;gl;lhnu... m) cyfjn; jhL xl;l xGfy; gy fw;Wk; fyy; hu; mwptpyh jhu.; M) bgaff; zL; k; e+R; cz;L miktu; eajj; ff; ehfupfk; ntz;L gtu;. ,) CiHak[ ; cg;gff; k; fhz;gu; ciyt[,d;wpj; jhHhJ c+wW; gtu;. tpil : m) cyfjn; jhL xll; xGfy; gyfw;Wk; fyy; hu; mwptpyh jhu.; fhuzk; : tz;of;fhuupd; ciliaak[ ; ciHjJ; f; fisjj; tpau;it bgh=f; pa cliya[k; ghu;jj; Nl;Lf;fhud; jdfF; cjt te;j mtid xJff; pj; js;spdhd;. cyfj;jhndhL bghUj;jp www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 129 thGk; jdi; kaw;wtdha; ,Ue;jjhy; mtd; tpgj;jpw;Fs;shf neue; ;jJ. ,td; fw;wpUe;Jk; mwptpy;yhjtnd. FWtpdh 1. `err; g; glhjtd;~ bry;tk; ? ,jb; jhlupy; tz;zkpl;l brhy;YfF; g; bghUs; jUf. er;rg; glhjtd; vd;gjd; bghUs;/ gpwUf;F cjtp braa; hjjhy; xUtuhYk; tpUk;gg;glhjtu.; 2. bfhLgg; J}ck; Ja;gg; J}ck; ,y;yhu;fF; mLff; pa nfhocz; lhapDk; ,y; ? ,fF; wspy; tUk; msbgilfis vLj;J vGJf. bfhLg;gJ}ck ; ? ,d;dpir msbgil Jag; g; J}ck; ? ,d;dpir msbgil 3. bghUSf;nfw;w moiag; bghUj;Jf. capiutplr; rpwg;ghfg; ngzpf; fhf;fgg; Lk; xGf;fjj; pd; vaJ; tu; nkd;ik Cupd; eLtpy; er;Rkuk; gGjj; J nghdw; J capupDk; Xk;gg; gLk; xGf;fj;jpd; tHp caut; [ miltu; eL CUs; erR; kuk; gGjj; w;W tpil: capiutplr; rpwg;ghfg; ngzpf; fhf;fg;gLk; capupDk; Xk;gg; gLk; Cupd; eLtpy; erR; kuk; gGj;jJ nghdw; J eL CUs; er;Rkuk; gGj;jwW; xGff; j;jpd; tHp caut; [ miltu; xGff; jj; pd; vaJ; tu; nkd;ik 4. va;Jtu; vaj; hg; gHp ? ,fF; wsof;Fg; bghUeJ; k; tha;ghL vJ> m) Ttpsk; njkh kyu ; M) Ttpsk; g[spkh ehs; ,) njkh g[spkh fhR <) gs[ pkh njkh gpwg;g [ [tpil: m) Ttpsk; njkh kyu]; ,ay; 3 rpWtpdh 1. ntbyhL epd;whd; ,Lvdw; J nghYk; nfhbyhL epd;whd; ,ut[ ? ,fF; wspy; gapdW; tUk; mzpia tpsfF; f. ,g;ghlypy; ctikazp gapdW; te;Js;sJ. mzp ,yf;fzk; : c tik xU thf;fpakhftk[ ; ctnkak; xU thf;fpakhftk[ ; ctkcUg[ btspg;gilahf tUtJ ctikazp MFk.; ctik : nty; nghdw; Ma[j=;fisf; fhlo; tHpgwp bra;jy.; ctnkak; : Ml;rp mjpfhuji; jf; bfhzL; kd;dd; tup tpjpj;jy.; ctk cUg [ : nghy (btspgg; il) tpsf;fk; : Ml;rpajpfhuji; jf; bfhz;Lss; murd; jd; mjpfhuj;ijf; bfhzL; tup tpjpg;gJ/ nty; nghdw; Ma[j=f; isf; fhl;o tHpgg; wp bra;tjwF; epfuhdJ MFk;. www.tnpscjob.com
130 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 2. ftpijiaj; bjhlu;f. jz;zPu; epiwe;j Fsk; jtpjj; go btspePlL; k; if fiuapy; ifngrp glbkLj;jgo gjWfpwJ vd; be+r; ko tU=;fhy rKjhak; vd;dthFko vg;nghJ jPUk; jdg; lk; nkhfko @Hf; patd; @r;R epd;Dg;nghrR; kdpjneak; brjJ; gn; ghr;R j pUf;Fws; gw;wpa ftpij : ciu(iw) Cw;wp Cw;wpg; ghu;jj; hYk; g[spff; hj ghy;- jei; j jej; jha;g;ghy; Kgg; hy ; ? mwptk[ jp TLjy; tpdhf;fs; ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;g.[ vaJ; tu/; fhzg; u; ? tpidahyizak[ ; bgauf; s; va;jhg; gHp/ jkuhf; bfhsy/; Vkuh kdd; d; ? <Wbfl;l vjpuk; iwg; bgaur;r=;fs; gF[ jj; p ? tpidbarr; k; bfhLg;gJ}ck/; J}a;gg; J}ck ; ? ,dd; pirasbgilfs; ,ay; 3 gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk;. vaJ; tu; ? vaJ; + t; + mu; g[Fjj; p ? gF[ j;J + , va;J ? gFjp g[FjJ; ? gFjp t; ? vjpu;fhy ,ilepiy , ? tpidbar;r tpFjp mu; ? Fwpg;g[ tpidKwW; tpFjp gyts[ ; bjupf 1. fPHf;fhz;gdtw;Ws; bghUej; hj ,iz vJ> m) capupDk; nkyhdJ ? xGff; k; M) xGf;fKilatu ; ? nkdi; k miltu; ,) cz;ikg; bghUisf; fhz;gJ ? mwpt[ <) cyfj;njhL bghUej; p thHf; fyy; hjtu ; ? mwpti[ latu; [tpil: <) cyfj;njhL bghUe;jp thHf; fyy; hjtu; ? mwpt[ilatu]; 2. bghUej; hj ,iziaj; njue; b; jL. m) mHpff; ntzo; ait ? Mir/ rpdk;/ mwpahik M) bgupnahiu Jizahf;fpf; bfhsS; jy ; ? bgWk;ngW www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 131 ,) e+i; rf; bfhLj;jhYk; czQ; k; gzg; hsu; ? gpwu; ed;ikiaf; fUJgtu; <) Muhahj kdd; d; ? ehl;od; tsj;ijg; bgUf;Fthd; [tpil: <) Muhahj kdd; d; ? ehlo; d; tsj;ijg; bgUfF; thd]; 3. er;rg; glhjtd; bry;tk; eLCUs; er;R kuk;gGj; jwW; ? ,fF; wspy; gapd;W tUk; mzp vJ> m) ctikazp M) vLj;Jff; hlL; ctikazp ,) Vfnjr cUtf mzp <) cUtf mzp [tpil: m) ctikazp] 4. bghUj;Jf. 1. nkd;ik ? m) rpdk; 2. btFsp ? M) cau;t[ 3. kaf;fk; ? ,) tWik 4. ,d;ik ? <) mwpahik m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< [tpil: m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,] 5. capupDk; nkyhdjhff; fUjpg; ghJfhff; ntz;oaJ __________. m) xGf;fk ; M) bka; czu;jy; ,) fz;nzhl;lk ; <) fy;tp [tpil: m) xGff; k]; 6. ``xGff; k; tpGgg; k; juyhd;~~ vd;gjpy; mike;Js;s eak; __________. m) nkhid M) vJif ,) Kuz ; <) ,iag[ [tpil: M) vJif] 7. ``bgupahiug; ngzpj; jkuhf; bfhsy;~~ ,jpy; ``jku;~~ vdg; jd; bghUs; __________. m) E}y; M) Jiz ,) ngW <) mupa [tpil : M) Jiz] ,ay; 3 8. ``Kaww; pdi; k ,di; k g[Fjj; ptpLk~; ~ ,jpy; ``,d;ik~ vdg; jd; bghUs; __________. m) tWik M) ,y;iy ,) Kawr; p <) bry;tk ; [tpil: m) tWik] 9. bghUj;Jf. 1. xGf;fKilik ? m) 36 tJ mjpfhuk; 2. bka;czuj; y ; ? M) 14 tJ mjpfhuk; 3. bgupahiuj; Jizfn; fhly ; ? ,) 56tJ mjpfhuk; 4. bfhL=n; fhd;ik ? <) 45 tJ mjpfhuk; m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4. < [tpil: m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,] FWtpdh 1. capupDk; Xkg; gg; LtJ vJ> Vd>; capupDk; Xkg; gg; LtJ xGf;fk;. Vbddpy; xGff; khdJ midj;Jr; rpwg;gf[ isa[k; jUfpwJ. www.tnpscjob.com
132 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ ,ay; 3 2. xGff; j;jpdhy; fpilgg; J vJ> ,Gff; j;jpdhy; fpilg;gJ vJ> xGf;fjj; pdhy; fpilg;gJ nkd;ik. ,Gf;fj;jpdhy; fpilg;gJ milafT; lhj gHpfs;. 3. gy fwW; k; fyy; hjtuhff; fUjgg; Lgtu; ahu;> cyfjn; jhL bghUej; p thHf; fy;yhjtu; gy E}y;fisf; fw;wwpej; hYk; fy;yhjtuhfnt fUjg;gLthu;. 4. vg;bghUisf; fhzg; J mwpt>[ vej; g; bghUs; ve;j ,ay;gpdjha;j; njhdw; pdhYk/; me;jg; bghUspd; cz;ikg; bghUisf; fhzg; J mwpt.[ 5. ehkk; bflf;bfLk; neha; gw;wp vGJf. Mir/ rpdk;/ mwpahik vdw; @dW; k; mHpjy; ntz;Lk.; ,k@; d;Wk; mHpej; hy; mtw;why; tUk; Jdg; =;fSk; mHpak[ .; 6. bgUkn; gW vJ> bgupnahiug; nghw;wpj; Jizahff; pf; bfhsS; jny fpiljj; wf; upa bgUk;ngwhFk.; 7. bfLg;ghu; ,yhDk; bfLgtu; ahu>; Vd>; Fw;wk; fzl; nghJ ,ojJ; j; jpUjJ; k; bgupahupd; ghJfhgi; gj; njof; bfhs;shj kdd; d; jd;idf; bfLff; giftu; ,yi; y vdpDk; jhnd bfll; Hpthd.; 8. eyy; hu; bjhlui; g iftply; vjj; d;ikaJ> jhd; xUtdhf epd;W gynuhL gif nkw;bfhs;tijf; fhlo; Yk; gy kl=;F jPikiaj; jUk;. Mfnt ey;yhu; el;igf; iftply; TlhJ. 9. Ml;rpajpfhuk; bfhzL; ss; murd; Fwpj;Jf; Twgg; l;Ls;s braj; p ahJ> Mlr; pajpfhuji; jf; bfhz;Lss; murd; jd; mjpfhuj;ijf; bfhzL; tup tpjpg;ghd.; murdJ ,rb; rayhdJ nty; nghdw; Ma[j=f; isf; fhl;o tHpg;gwp bra;tjw;F epfuhFk;. 10. MuhahJ Mlr; p braa; [k; kdd; idf; Fwpj;J Fws; TWk; braj; p ahJ> jd; ehl;oy; epfGk; ed;ik jPikfis xtb; thU ehSk; Muha;eJ; Ml;rp bra;ahj kdd; d; jd; ehl;il ehs;njhWk; ,Hff; neupLk.; 11. ,uf;fk; ,y;yh fz;fs; vjidg; nghdW; gadww; J> ghlnyhL bghUej; hj ,irahy; gadpyi; y. mijg; nghy ,uf;fk; ,yy; hj fz;fshYk; gadpy;iy. 12. cyfnk cupika[ilajhFk; vgn; ghJ> eLepiyahff; flik jtwhky; ,uff; k; fhlL; gtUfF; ,tt; y[ fnk cupik cilajhFk.; 13. e+;irf; bfhLjj; hYk; cz;Qk; gz;ghsu; ahu>; Vd;> tpUkg; j;jf;f ,uf;fFzk; bfhzl; tuf; s; e+;irf; bfhLjj; hYk; cz;Qk; gzg; hsu;. Vbddpy; gpwu; ed;ik fUjpj; jkfF; e+;irf; bfhLjj; hYk; cz;Qtu;. 14. xUtUf;F bgUik jUtJ vJ> xU braiy Kog;gjw;F ,ayhJ vd;W vzz; pr; nrhut; ilaf; TlhJ. mrb; raiy Kawr; pa[ld; Kog;gJ bgUik jUk;. 15. cau;e;j epiyia vgn; ghJ mila Koak[ >; tplhKaw;rp vd;Dk; caug; z;g[ bfhsS; jy;/ gpwUf;F cjtj[ y.; ,t;tpU gzg; [fshy; caue; ;j epiyia mila Koa[k.; www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 133 16. `bry;tk; bgUFjy~; `tWik tUjy~; vgn; ghJ> ,ay; 3 Kaw;rp brat; jhy; bryt; k; bgUFk;. Kawr; p ,yy; htpll; hy; tWikna teJ; nrUk.; 17. ,Hptww; J ,HpthdJ vJ> Ik;gy[ df; spy; VnjDk; FiwapUg;gpd; mJ ,HptdW; . mwpa ntzo; aij mwpeJ; Kaw;rp bra;ahjnj ,HpthFk;. 18. nrhut; pyhJ Kaw;rp bran; thu; Fwpj;Jf; TW. nrhut; pyhJ Kaw;rp bra;nthu; bra;fpdw; braYf;F ,ila{wha; tUk; Kd;tpidiaak[ ; njhwf; ojJ; btw;wpailatu.; 19. gy nfho bgwpDk; gadpy;iy vg;nghJ> gpwUf;Ff; bfhLff; hkYk; jhDk; mDgtpff; hkYk; ,Ugg; tu; gy nfhog; bghUs;fisg; bgww; pUej; hYk; mjdhy; gad; ,yi; y. 20. tpUk;gg;glhjtu; bryt; k; vjidg; nghd;wJ> gpwUfF; cjthky; xUtuhYk; tpUkg; g;glhjtu; bgw;w bry;tk;/ Cupd; eLtpy; er;R kuk; gGj;jJ nghd;wjhFk.; 21. ``bghwpapdi; k ahuf; ;Fk; gHpadW; ~~ ? ,t;tofspy; ``bghwp~~ vdg; J vjidf; Fwpf;Fk>; bghwp vdg; J bka/; tha/; fz;/ @fF; / brtp Mfpa Ikb; ghwpfisf; FwpfF; k.; 22. ``Kaw;rp jpUtpid MfF; k; Kaw;wpd;ik ,d;ik gF[ j;jp tpLk;.~~ ? ,f;Fwl;ghtpy; mike;j Kuzb; rhwf; s; vit> Kaw;rp ? Kaww; pdi; k jpUtpid (bry;tk;) ? ,di; k (tWik) 23. ``mLf;fpa nfho cz;lhapDk; ,y;~~ Vd>; gpwUfF; k; bfhLff; hky/; jhDk; mDgtpff; hky; ,Ug;gtu; mLf;fpa gy nfho bgupDk; gad; ,y;iy. 24. ``cupik ciljJ; ,tt; y[ F~~ ? ahUf;F> eLepiyahff; flik jtwhky; ,uff; k; fhl;LgtUf;F/ cyfnk cupik cilajhFk.; 25. ehsn; jhWk; ehL bfLk; ? vd;W tsS; tu; Twf; fhuzk; ahJ> jd; ehlo; y; elf;Fk; edi; k jPikfis Muhae; J; Ml;rp bra;ahj kdd; d; ehL ehs;njhWk; bfLk.; 26. fwW; k; fyy; hjhu; mwptpyhjhu; ? ahu;> cyfjn; jhL bghUej; p thHf; fyy; hjhu/; gy E}y;fisf; fw;wpUej; hYk; mwptpyy; hjtnu Mtu;. 27. ghlnyhL bghUej; h ,irahy; gadpyi; y vd;Dk; ctikiaf; bfhz;l jpUf;Fwis vGJf. gzv; d;dhk; ghlw; ,iagpd;nwy\"; fzv; d;dhk; fzn; zhl;lk; ,yy; hj fz;. 28. Kawr; p ,yy; hjtUfF; tWikna fpl;Lk; vd;gjwF; r; rhd;whf tps=;Fk; jpUfF; wis vGJf. (m) Kaw;rp bra;gtUf;F bryt; k; bgUFk; vd;gjwF; r; rhd;whf tps=;Fk; jpUf;Fwis vGJf. Kaw;rp jpUtpid MfF; k; Kaww; pd;ik ,di; k g[Fj;jp tpLk;. www.tnpscjob.com
134 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 29. xU braiy Kawr; pal[ d; Kogg; J bgUik jUk; vdg; ij typa[WjJ; k; Fwl;ghtpid vGJf. mUik cilj;bjd; wrhthik ntz;Lk; bgUik Kaw;rp jUk;. 30. ew;gz;g[ilnahupd; el;igf; iftpLtJ gykl=;F jiP kiaj; jUk; vd;gijf; Fwpg;gpLk; jpUf;Fwis vGJf. gyy; hu; gifbfhsypd; gjj; Ljj; jPikj;nj ey;yhu; bjhlui; f tply.; 31. ve;jg; bghUshapDk; mjd; czi; kg; bghUisf; fhz;gnj mwpt[ vd;gij tpsfF; k; Fwlg; htpid vGJf. vg;bghUs; vjj; d;ikj; jhapDk; mg;bghUs; bka;g;bghUs; fhzg; jwpt[. rpWtpdh ,ay; 3 1. xGf;fKilik FwpjJ; ts;Stu; Twpa braj; p ahJ> capupDk; nkyhdJ : xGf;fk; vy;yhUfF; k; midjJ; r; rpwg;g[fisak[ ; jUtjhy; mij capupDk; nkyhdjhff; fUjpf; fhj;jy; ntzL; k.; nkdi; k ? gHp : xGff; jj; pdhy; fpilg;gJ nkd;ik. ,Gf;fj;jpdhy; fpilgg; J milaf; Tlhj gHp. gy fw;Wk; mwptpyhu; : cyfjn; jhL bghUe;jp thHf; fyy; hjtu; gy E}yf; isf; fw;wtuhapDk; mwpt[ ,y;yhjtuhfnt fUjg;gLthu.; 2. bka;a[zu;jy; FwpjJ; vGJf. czi; kg; bghUisf; fhzy; : ve;jg; bghUs; ve;j ,ay;gpdjhfj; njhdw; pdhYk; me;jg; bghUspd; cz;ikg; bghUisf; fhzg; J mwpt.[ Jd;gk; mHpjy; : Mir/ rpdk;/ mwpahik vdw; @d;iwak[ ; mHpj;jhy; mjdhy; tUk; Jd;gKk; mHpak[ ; 3. bgupahiuj; Jizfn; fhly; FwpjJ; tsS; tu; TWk; fUj;Jfis vGJf. bgUkn; gW : bgupnahiug; nghw;wpj; Jizahff; pf; bfhsS; jny bgUk;ngwhFk.; ghJfhgg; w;w kdd; d; : Fww; k; fz;l ,lj;J ,ojJ; j; jpUjJ; k; bgupahupd; ghJfhg;igj; njof; bfhs;shj kd;dd; jd;idf; bfLff; g; giftu;fs; ,y;iybadpDk; jhnd bfl;lHpthd;. bgupnahu; el;igf; iftply; : ewg; zg; i[ la bgupnahupd; el;igf; iftpLtjhdJ/ jdpbahUtdhf epd;W giftu; gyiug; gifj;Jf; bfhs;tijf; fhl;oYk; gy kl=;F jPikiaj; jUk;. www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 135 4. bfhL=n; fhd;ik gw;wpa bra;jpiaf; TW. Ml;rpajpfhuk; : jd; Mlr; pajpfhuj;ijf; bfhzL; tup tpjpfF; k; kdd; dJ brayhdJ/ nty; nghd;w Maj[ =f; isf; fhlo; tHpgwp bra;gtdpd; braYfF; xg;ghdJ. jd; ehli; l ,Hj;jy; : jd; ehlo; d; edi; k/ jPikfis xtb; thU ehSk; Muha;e;J Ml;rp braa; hj kdd; d; jd; ehli; l ,Hf;f neupLk.; 5. fz;nzhll; k; FwpjJ; ts;Stu; TWk; fUjJ; fis vGJ. ,uf;fk; ,y;yhj fzf; s; : ghlnyhL bghUe;jhj ,irahy; gad; xdW; kpyi; y. mJnghy/ ,uff; kpyy; hf; fz;fshy; gad; xd;Wkpy;iy. eLepiy : eLepiyahff; flik jtwhky; ,uf;fk; fhlL; gtUfF; ,tt; y[ fnk cupik cilajhFk;. e+i; r cz;Qk; gz;ghsu; : tpUkg; j; jFej; ,uf;f ,ay;igf; bfhzl; tu;fs/; gpwuJ ed;ikf;fhf jdf;F e+i; rf; bfhLj;jhYk; cz;Qk; gzg; hsu; Mthu;. 6. xUtdJ bry;tk; gadw;wjhag; ; nghtJ vgn; ghJ> gy nfhog; bghUsf; s; : gpwUfF; k; bfhLf;fhky; jhDk; mDgtpf;fhky; ,Ug;gtu; gy nfhog; bghUs;fs; bgww; pUe;jhYk; mjdhy; gad; ,yi; y. erR; kuk; gGj;jJ : gpwUfF; cjtp bra;ahjjhy; xUtuhYk; tpUkg; g;glhjtu; bgww; bry;tk; Cupd; eLtpy; erR; kuk; gGjj; J nghd;wjhFk;. 7. gz;vd;dhk; ghlw; ,iagpdn; wy; fz;vd;dhk; ,ay; 3 fz;nzhl;lk; ,yy; hj fz; ? ,fF; wspy; gapd;W tUk; mzpiaf; Twp tpsf;Ff. ,gg; hlypy; vLjJ; f;fhl;L ctikazp gapdW; teJ; ss; J. mzp ,yf;fzk; : ctik xU thff; pakhftk[ /; ctnkak; xU thff; pakhft[k; ctkcUg[ kiwe;J tUtJ vLjJ; ff; hl;L ctik mzp MFk;. ctik : ghlnyhL bghUe;jtpy;iy vdpy; ,irahy; gadpyi; y. ctnkak; : ,uf;fk; ,y;yhtpl;lhy; fzf; shy; gad; ,yi; y. ctkcUg[ : nghy (kiweJ; teJ; ss; J) tpsff; k; : ghlnyhL bghUej; tpyi; y vdpy; ,irahy; gad; ,yi; y. mJnghynt/ ,uff; k; ,y;yhtpll; hy; fzf; shy; gad; ,y;iy. 8. fHP ;f;fhQk; ghlypy; css; vJifr; brhwf; is vLjb; jGjp mof;nfhoLf. 1. gzv; dd; hk; ghlw; ,iagpdn; wy; ; fz;vd;dhk; fzn; zhll; k; ,yy; hj fz;. tpil : gz;vdd; hk/; fzv; d;dhk; ? rPu; vJif } gz;vdd; hk; ? mo vJif fzn; zhl;lk; www.tnpscjob.com
136 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ ,ay; bjhHpy;El;gk; ciueil cyfk; 4 braw;if Ez;zwpt[ ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. jiyg;gf[ ;Fk; Fwpgg; f[ F; k; bghUj;jkhd tpiliaj; nju;e;bjLff; . jiygg; [ : brawi; f Ez;zwpt[ Fwpgg; [fs; : fz;fhzpgg; f[ ; fUtp/ mirt[ epfGk; gff; k; jd; ghu;itiaj; jpUgg; [fpwJ. jpwdn; grpapy; css; tiuglk; nghf;Ftuj;jpw;Fr; RUff; khd tHpiaf; fhzg; pgg; J. m) jiyg;gf[ ;Fg; bghUjj; khd Fwpg;gf[ s; ,lk; bgw;Wss; d. M) Fwpgg; [fSfF; j; bjhlu;gpy;yhj Fwpgg; [ bfhLff; gg; l;Ls;sJ. ,) jiyg;g[f;Fj; bjhlu;gpyy; hj Fwpg;g[fs; mspf;fg;glL; s;sd. <) Fwpgg; [fSf;Fg; bghUj;jkpy;yhj jiyg;g[ tH=;fg;glL; ss; J. [tpil: m) jiyg;gf[ ;Fg; bghUj;jkhd Fwpgg; f[ s; ,lk; bgw;Wss; d.] 2. ghuj !n; ll; t=;fpapd; ciuahL bkdb; ghUs; vJ> m) Jyh M) rPyh ,) Fyh <) ,yh [tpil: <) ,yh] ,ay; 4 FWtpdh 1. tU=;fhyjj; py; njitbadf; fUJfpdw; brawi; f Ezz; wpt[ bghjpe;j ,uzL; mwptpay; fzL; gpogg; f[ isf; Fwpgg; pLf. v.fh: brawi; f Ezz; wpthy; ,a=F; k; nghf;FtujJ; Cuj; pfs; brawi; f Ez;zwpthy; ,a=;Fk; ,aej; pu kdpjd; (Robo?nuhngh) brawi; f Ez;zwpthy; ,a=;Fk; jpwd;ngrp (Smart Phone) rpWtpdh 1. ,di; wa mwptpay; fzL; gpogg; f[ s; kdpjid nkk;gLj;Jfpdw; dth vd;gJ Fwpjj; rpe;jidfis Kdi; tj;J vGJf. ,d;iwa mwptpay; fzL; gpog;gf[ s; kdpjid nkk;gLj;jtpy;iy. mJ kdpjDfF; upaj; njitfis klL; nk nkk;gLjj; p ,Uff; pwJ. mwptpayhy; ,d;W kdpjd; kdpjdhf thHtpyi; y. ,aej; puk; kdpjdhfptpl;lJ. kdpjd; ,aej; puk; Mfptpll; hd.; kdpjneaj;ija[k; md;igak[ ; ,uf;fji; ja[k; ,d;iwa kdpjdplk; ghu;ff; Koatpy;iy. gzpfshy; mtd; ve;jpuji; jg; nghy Xof;bfhz;nl cs;shd;. www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 137 2. kdpjuf; spd; @isiag; nghd;wJ/ brawi; f Ezz; wpt[ bfhz;l fzpdpapd; bkdb; ghUs;. ,ay; 4 kdpjidg; nghynt ngr/ vGj/ rpe;jpf;f ,jb; jhHpy;El;gk; nkk;gLjj; gg; LfpwJ. ,jdhy; kdpj FyjJ; f;F Vwg; Lfpw ed;ikfisg; gw;wp mwptpay; ,jH; xdW; fF; `vjpu;fhyj; bjhHpyE; lg; k~; vdw; jiygg; py; vGJf. vjpuf; hyj; bjhHpy;Elg; k; capupd=;fspy; kdpjiu cau;j;jpf;fhl;LtJ mtuf; spd; rpe;jid Mww; ny! mej; r; rpej; idf;Fj; bjhHpy;El;gKk; Jiz braf; pwJ. jpwd;ngrpfspy; ,a=F; k; cjt[ bkd;bghUs; fz;Qf;Fg; g[ygg; lhj kdpjidg; nghy ek;Kld; ciuaho cjtp bra;fpwJ. ehk; brhy;fpwtu;fSf;Fj; bjhiyngrpapy; miHgg; [ tpLfF; k.; ehk; jpwf;f fl;lisapLfpw braypiaj; jpwf;Fk;. ehk; nflg; ij cyhtpapy; njLk;. ehk; tpUk;gk[ ; mHfhd ftpijfis ,izaj;jpy; njoj;jUk.; ve;jff; ilapy; vJ tpw;Fk; vdW; brhy;Yk.; gog;gjwF; cupa E}yf; isg; gl;oaypLk.; ehk; vLj;j xspgg; l=;fisg; gww; p glo; aypLk;. vjpuf; hyj;jpy; ek; beU=f; pa ezg; uf; s;/ FLkg; j;jpdu; Mfpnahiu tplt[k; cjt[ bkdb; ghUs; eki; k ed;F mwpe;jpUfF; k.; beLtpdh 1. xU FHei; jiaj; J}f;ft[k; fnP H tpGej; xU njduP f; ; nfhgi; gia vLff; tk[ ; bkd;bghUs; mff; iwbfhs;Skh> btWk; tzpfjJ; ld; epd;WtpLkh> ,f;fUj;Jfis xlo; r; ``braw;if Ezz; wptpd; vjpu;fhy btspg;ghLfs;~~ gww; p xU flL; iu vGJf. Fwpg;gr[ ;rl;lk; Kd;Diu Cuj; pfis ,af;Fjy; kdpjuf; splk; nghlo; fyt; pj;Jiw gpw bray;ghLfs; ntiy thag; ;gf[ spy; khww; k; ,aej; pu kdpjdplk; FHei; j njhHdha; ,aej; pu kdpjd; capuhgji; j tpistpj;jy; tzpf tha;gg; f[ s; Kot[iu Kd;Diu: xU FHei; jiaj; J}f;ftk[ ; fPnH tpGe;j xU njdPu;f; nfhgi; gia vLff; t[k; bkd;bghUs; mf;fiwbfhsS; k; btWk; tzpfj;Jld; mJ epdW; tplhJ. braw;if Ezz; wptpd; btspgg; hLfs; ,dp kpFjpahf ,UfF; k.; Cu;jpfis ,afF; jy; : vjpu;fhyjj; py; ehk; ,af;Fk; Cu;jpfisr; brawi; f Ez;zwpt[ bfhz;L ,af;fg;gLk.; ,j;jifa Cuj; pfs; Vwg; Lj;Jk; tpgj;J Fiwa[k.; nghf;Ftuj;J beupry; ,Uf;fhJ. gaz neuk; Fiwak[ ;. vupbghUs; kpr;rg;gLk.; www.tnpscjob.com
138 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ ,ay; 4 kdpju;fsplk; nghl;o : bkdb; ghUs;fs;/ ftpijfs/; fijfs;/ tpjtpjkhd vGj;J eilfs; nghd;wtw;iwf; fwW; f; bfhzL; kdpjuf; splk; nghlo; apll; hYk; tpagg; jw;fpyi; y. fyt; pjJ; iw : fy;tpj;Jiwapy; ,j;bjhHpy;El;gj;ijg; gy tpj=;fspy; gad;gLjJ; tjwf; hd rhjj; paf; TWfs; ,Uff; pd;wd. gpw bray;ghLfs; : t pLjpfspy/; t=f; pfspy;/ mYtyf=;fspy; jw;nghJ kdpjd; mspfF; k; nritia ,aej; pu kdpjd; braa; [k;. e kK; ld; ciuahLtJ/ Mnyhrid tH=;FtJ/ gaz Vw;ghL bra;J jUtJ/ jz;zPu; bfhz;L te;J jUtJ/ FHei; jfSfF; g; bghki; k bfhz;L te;J jUtJ/ FHei; jfSfF; ntofi; ff; fhl;LtJ vdg; gytw;iwa[k; bra;ak[ ; epiy tUk;. ntiy tha;gg; [fspy; khw;wk; : ntiy tha;gg; f[ spy; fzprkhd khww; ji; j vjpuf; hyjj; py; braw;if Ezz; wpt[ bfhz;L tUk;. ,aej; pu kdpjdplk; FHe;ij : vjpu;fhyjj; py; ,ae;jpu kdpjdplk; FHei; jia xg;gilj;Jtpl;L mYtyfk; bryY; k; bgw;nwhiug; ghu;ff; Koa[k.; njhHdha; ,ae;jpu kdpjd; : tajhdtuf; Sf;F cjtpfs; braJ; k/; mtu;fSf;F cw;w njhHdhag; ; ngr;Rf; bfhLjJ; k; ngQk; ,ae;jpu kdpju;fis ehk; ghuf; ;f Koa[k.; capuhgj;ij tpistpjj; y; : b raw;if Ezz; wpt[ss; ,aej; pu kdpju;fshy;/ kdpju; bra;a ,ayhj mYg;g[j; jl;lfT; oa fodkhd brayf; isak[ ; braa; Koak[ .; kdpj Kaw;rpapy; capuhgj;ij tpistpff; f; Toa bray;fisa[k; bra;a Koak[ .; tzpf thag; ;g[fs; : bgUepWtd=;fs; j=f; s; bghUsf; is cw;gjj; p bra;atk[ ; re;ijg;gLjj; t[k/; gj[ pa tzpf tha;gg; [fisr; brawi; f Ez;zwpt[ Vw;gLj;jpf; bfhLfF; k;. Kot[iu: braw;if Ez;zwpt[ rhjd=f; shy; kdpjdpd; ntiyg;gS FiweJ; s;sJ. fhy tpuak; jLf;fgg; lL; s;sJ. TLjy; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. bghUjj; khd tpil tupiriaj; njue; ;bjLjJ; vGJf. m) kpd;dQg; gu[ lr; p ? 1. Browser M) brayj; pll; tiut [ ? 2. Data ,) cyhtp ? 3. Computer Program <) jut [ ? 4. Digital Revolution www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 139 m) 1/ 4/ 3/ 2 M) 4/ 1/ 2/ 3 [tpil: ,) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1] ,) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 <) 2/ 4/ 1/ 3 2. bghUej; hj ,iziaf; fzl; wpf. m) bgg;gu ; ? $gg; hd; rhgl; ; t=f; p M) thl;rd ; ? I.gp.vk;. epWtdk; ,) ,yh ? ghuj !n; ll; t=;fp <) bgg;gu; ? g[wW; nehiaf; fzL; gpoj;jJ [tpil: <) bggg; u; ? g[wW; nehiaf; fzL; gpojj; J] 3. rPd ehlo; y; Ntdb; rs JiwKf efupy; fll; g;gll; nfhapy; __________. m) rptd; nfhapy; M) bgUkhs; nfhapy; ,) KUfd; nfhapy; <) gps;isahu; nfhapy; [tpil: m) rptd; nfhapy]; 4. capupd=f; spy; kdpjiu cau;jj; pf;fhlL; tJ mtuf; spd; __________. m) rpej; id Mw;wy; M) bry;tk; ,) thH;ehs; <) Mw;wy ; [tpil: m) rpe;jid Mww; y]; 5. __________ fspy; xtb; thUtUf;Fkhd jdp egu; fzpdpfspd; tsur; ;rpak[ ;/ ,izag; gad;ghl;od; gpwgg; [k; ,di; wa kpd;dQg; gu[ l;rpfF; f; fhuzkhapd. m) 1970 M) 1960 ,) 1980 <) 1950 [tpil: ,) 1980] 6. ,t;t[yif kpFjpahf Msf;Toa xU bjhHpy; El;gk; __________. m) brawi; f Ez;zwpt [ M) bkdb; ghUs; ,) kPj;jpwd; Ez;zwpt [ <) KfE}y/; g[ydk; nghd;wit [tpil: m) brawi; f Ez;zwpt][ 7. ,ayg; hd bkhHpeilia cUthfF; jy; vd;Dk; bkd;bghUspd; bgau; __________. m) ntu;L!k; pj; M) ntuL; gPll; u; ,ay; 4 ,) ntl!; ;bthu;j ; <) ntu;y;L!k; pj ; [tpil: m) ntu;L!;kpj]; 8. ntuL; !k; pj; vdg; ijj; jkpHpy; __________ vdW; miHgg; u.; m) vGjj; hsp M) vGjj; hzp ,) vGjn; jhtpak; <) Fuyhsp [tpil: m) vGj;jhsp] 9. ,jHpaypy; braw;if Ez;zwpt[ bra;Js;s Fwpgg; pljj; Fe;j khw;w=f; spy; xdW; __________. m) ,ayg; hd bkhHpeil M) fodkhd bkhHpeil ,) jha;bkhHpeil <) cyf bkhHpfs; ,izgg; [ [tpil: m) ,ayg; hd bkhHpeil] 10. 2016 ,y; nehahsp xUtupd; g[w;Wnehiaf; fzL; gpojj; I.gp.vk;. epWtdj;jpd; fzpdpapd; bgau; __________. m) thlr; d ; M) ntu;L!k; pj; ,) !O; t!; ;kpj; <) bgg;gu; [tpil: m) thl;rd]; 11. braw;if Ez;zwpt[f; fzpdpahd thl;rd; rpy epkpl=f; spy; __________ jut[fis myrp/ nehahsp xUtupd; gw[ ;Wnehiaf; fz;Lgpoj;jJ. m) ,Ugjhapuk; M) ,uzL; ,ylr; k; ,) ,uz;L nfho <) ,UgJ nfho [tpil: ,) ,uz;L nfho] www.tnpscjob.com
140 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 12. __________ cjtpahsu;fis `,=;fptid ahd; bgwnt vdd; jtk; braJ; tpl;nld; vd;W ghujpahu; bkr;RtJnghy; bkrr; pfb; fhss; yhk.; m) bkae; pfu; M) bgha; epfu; ,) braw;if <) Kjd;ik [tpil: m) bkae; pfu]; 13. ,tt; y[ if ,Jtiu __________ MzL; bfhzo; Uf;fpwJ\" ,dpnky; __________ jhd; Msg;nghfpwJ. m) bkdb; ghUs/; braw;if Ezz; wpt[ M) braw;if Ez;zwpt/[ bkdb; ghUs; ,) Ez;zwpt/[ KfE}y; <) KfE}y/; g[ydk; [tpil: m) bkd;bghUs/; brawi; f Ezz; wpt][ 14. braw;if Ezz; wptpd; kpFjpahd tsur; r; pahy; __________ njit Toas[ ;sJ. m) bkae; pfu; cjtpahsu;fspd ; M) jut[ mwptpayhsuf; spd; ,) cjtpahsuf; spd; <) mwptpayhsuf; spd; [tpil: M) jut[ mwptpayhsuf; spd]; 15. $g;ghdpy; rhgl; ; t=;fp cUthf;fpa ,aej; pu kdpjd; __________. m) thl;rd ; M) bggg; u; ,) nrhgpah <) ntuL; !k; pj; [tpil: M) bggg; u]; 16. cyf mstpy; mjpfk; tpw;gidahFk; nuhngh __________. m) thlr; d; M) bgg;gu; ,) ,yh <) nrhgpah [tpil: M) bgg;gu]; ,ay; 4 17. bgg;gu; nuhnghff; spd; @dW; tifapDs; bghUej; hjijf; fzl; wpf. m) tPlL; f;Fg; gad;gLtJ M) tzpfjJ; f;Fg; gadg; LtJ ,) gog;gf[ ;Fg; gadg; LtJ <) ehlL; f;Fg; gadg; LtJ [tpil: <) ehlL; f;Fg; gadg; LtJ] 18. ,e;jpahtpd; bgupa t=f; p __________. m) ,ej; pad; t=f; p M) ghuj !;nll; t=f; p ,) fduh t=f; p <) gnuhlh t=f; p [tpil: M) ghuj !;nll; t=;fp] 19. `,yh~ vd;w ciuahL bkdb; ghUis cUthff; paJ __________. m) I.gp.vk;. epWtdk; M) ghuj !;nll; t=;fp ,) \\hd;rd; nuhnghlo; f!; ; epWtdk; <) rhg;l; t=;fp [tpil: M) ghuj !n; ll; t=;fp] 20. ,jHpaypy; ,ayg; hd bkhHpeilia cUthfF; k; bkdb; ghUs; __________. m) thlr; d ; M) tHpfhl;o tiuglk; ,) ntuL; !;kpj; (vGjj; hsp) <) bgg;gu; [tpil: ,) ntu;L!k; pj; (vGjj; hsp)] 21. jfty;fisf; bfhLj;jhy;/ mHfhd rpy flL; iufis cUthf;Fk; bkdb; ghUs; __________ m) thlr; d; M) tHpfhl;o tiuglk; ,) ntu;L!;kpj; (vGjj; hsp) <) bgg;gu; [tpil: ,) ntuL; !k; pj; (vGjj; hsp)] www.tnpscjob.com
Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 141 22. 2016 ,y; I.gp.vk;. epWtdj;jpd; Ez;zwptf[ ; fzpdp __________ m) thlr; d; M) tHpfhl;o tiuglk; ,) ntuL; !k; pj; (vGjj; hsp) <) bgg;gu ; [tpil: m) thlr; d]; 23. 50f;Fk; nkw;gll; kUj;Jtkidfspy; ,aej; pu kdpjuf; isg; gzpaku;j;jpas[ s; ehL [tpil: M) rdP h] __________ M) rPdh <) $g;ghd; m) ,ej; pah ,) mbkupf;fh 24. brawi; f Ez;zwpt[ vdg; J xU __________ m) td;bghUs ; M) bkd;bghUs; ,) ,aej; pu kdpjd; <) fzpdp [tpil: M) bkdb; ghUs]; 25. ``,=f; ptid ahd; bgwnt vdd; jtk; braJ; tpl;nld;~~ vdW; ghoatu; __________ m) ghujpahu ; M) ghujpjhrd; ,) ftpkzp <) ituKjJ; [tpil: m) ghujpahu]; 26. `,yh~ bkdb; ghUs; xU tpehof;F ciuahLk; thof;ifahsu;fspd; vzz; pf;if __________ m) gjj; hapuk ; M) Mapuk; ,) Iahapuk ; <) gj;J [tpil: m) gj;jhapuk]; 27. rhg;l; t=f; p cUthf;fpa ehL; __________ m) ,ej; pah M) rPdh ,) mbkupff; h <) $gg; hd; [tpil: <) $g;ghd]; 28. bgg;gu; vd;gJ xU __________ m) td;bghUs ; M) bkd;bghUs; ,) ,aej; pu kdpjd; <) fzpdp [tpil: ,) ,ae;jpu kdpjd]; 29. $gg; hdpy; tuntw;ghsuhft[k; gzpahsuhftk[ ; css; ,aej; pu kdpjd; __________ ,ay; 4 m) thlr; d; M) ,yh ,) ntu;L!k; pj; (vGjj; hsp) <) bggg; u ; [tpil: <) bggg; u]; 30. $gg; hdpy; tLP fspYk; tzpf epWtd=f; spYk; cztt[ pLjpfspYk; gad;ghlo; y; cs;s ,aej; pu kdpjd; __________ m) thl;rd; M) ,yh ,) ntuL; !k; pj(; vGj;jhsp) <) bggg; u ; [tpil: <) bggg; u]; 31. fhz;ld; efu; mikeJ; s;s ehL __________ m) ,e;jpah M) rPdh ,) mbkupff; h <) $g;ghd ; [tpil: M) rdP h] 32. jkpH;f; fy;btlL; fhzg;gLk; gpw ehL __________ m) M!;jpnuypah M) rPdh ,) mbkupff; h <) $gg; hd; [tpil: M) rdP h] 33. gzi; laj; jkpHu; mof;fo tzpfj;jpw;fhfr; brdW; tej; rPd efu; __________ m) fhzl; d; M) Ntd;brs ,) Fgy; ha;fhd; <) bga$; p= ; [tpil: M) Ntd;brs] www.tnpscjob.com
142 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 34. rPdg;nguuru; __________ M) Ntdb; rs [tpil: ,) Fg;yhaf; hd]; m) fhz;ld ; <) bga$; p= ; ,) Fgy; ha;fhd; 35. rPdhtpy; rptd; nfhtpy; flo; a rdP g;nguuru; __________ m) fhz;ld; M) Ntdb; rs ,) Fgy; haf; hd ; <) bga;$p= ; [tpil: ,) Fg;yhaf; hd]; 36. bghUjJ; f. 1. bggg; u; ? m) flL; iu cUthfF; k; bkd;bghUs; 2. vGj;jhsp ? M) ,aej; pu kdpjd; 3. ,yh ? ,) Ez;zwpt[f; fzpdp 4. thlr; d ; ? <) thof;ifahsuf; Sld; ciuahLk; bkdb; ghUs; m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< [tpil: m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,] 37. !k; hu;ln; ghd; vdg; jw;F ,izahd jkpH;rb; rhy; __________ m) jpwdn; grp M) bjhiyngrp ,) miyngrp <) bry;ngrp [tpil: m) jpwdn; grp] 38. __________ bjhHpwg; [ul;rpapd; bjhHpyE; lg; =f; isg; gadg; LjJ; k; mwpt[k; eki; k tsgg; Ljj; cjtk[ .; m) @d;whtJ M) ehdf; htJ ,) Iej; htJ <) ,uz;lhtJ [tpil: M) ehdf; htJ] FWtpdh ,ay; 4 1. kpdd; Qg; g[ulr; pf;fhd fhuz=f; isf; TWf. 1980fspy; xt;bthUtUfF; khd jdpegu; fzpdpfspd; tsur; r; p. ,izag; gad;ghlo; d; gpwg;g.[ ,itna ,d;iwa kpd;dQg; g[ul;rpff; hd fhuz=f; shFk;. 2. `ntu;L!k; pj;~ Fwpg;g[ tiuf. ,jHpaypy; bkhHpeilia cUthf;Fk; bkdb; ghUspd; bgau; ntu;L!k; pj;. ,jwF; `vGj;jhsp~ vd;W bgau.; , jpy; jftyf; isf; bfhLj;jhy; klL; k; nghJk;\" rpy behofspnyna mHfhd fl;Liuia cUthf;Ffpd;wd. 3. `thl;rd;~ Fwpg;g[ tiuf. 2016y; I.gp.vk;. epWtdj;jpd; brawi; f Ezz; wptf[ ; fzpdp thl;rd.; rpy epkpl=f; spy; ,uz;L nfhoj; jut[fis myrp/ nehahsp xUtupd; g[w;Wnehiaf; fzL; gpojj; J. 4. braw;if Ez;zwpt[ ekf;F vgg; o mwpKfkhfpwJ> r@f Clf=;fs;. kpd;dQr; rei; jfs;. ,tww; pd; @yk; braw;if Ezz; wpt[ ekfF; mwpKfkhfpwJ. www.tnpscjob.com
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