10th Tamil Guide by Surya Publications

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 293 m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., [tpil: m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,] ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< 17. bghUjJ; f. 1. kyuf; s; ? m) gwpff; g;gLfpd;wd 2. fhLfs ; ? M) njd; czQ; fpd;wd 3. tz;Lfs; ? ,) bfhoad 4. kiy @=f; py ; ? <) css; PL ,d;wp btWik m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< [tpil: <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.<] 18. bghUj;Jf. 1. bewf; jpuf; s; ? m) ,Us; NH;ej; pUf;fpdw; d 2. kiyfs ; ? M) kUsf; pd;wd 3. khdf; spd; fzf; s; ? ,) gpwH;e;J bryf; pdw; d 4. FsjJ; kPd;fs; ? <) nghuhf vGfpdw; d m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< [tpil: M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4.,] 19. bghUj;Jf. 1. brtpypjj; ha; ? m) bghUs; bghjpe;J fplff; pd;wJ. 2. g[ytu; ghl;L ? M) bjUtpy; Mog;ghLgtu.; 3. ,irg;ghzu; ? ,) gpwH;eJ; bry;fpd;wd. 4. FsjJ; kPd;fs ; ? <) rpd=;fhlL; thu;. m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< [tpil: M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4.,] 20. brhw;bwhliu Kiwgg; LjJ; f. ,ay; 7 i) fyj; rr; uf; shy; ii) gy[ tuf; shy; vGjgg; l;L iii) bka;ff; Puj; ;jpfs; iv) fy;ypy; bghwpf;fg;gll; it m) (iii)-(ii)-(i)-(iv) M) (ii)-(i)-(iii)-(iv) ,) (i)-(iii)-(iv)-(ii) <) (iv)-(iii)-(i)-(ii) [tpil: m) (iii)-(ii)-(i)-(iv)] 21. bghUe;jhjijf; fzl; wpf. m) ahidfs; gpzpf;fgg; Lk; ? kff; s; gpzpf;fgg; Ltjpy;iy M) rpyk;g[fs; gy[ k;g[k ; ? kf;fs; g[yk;g[tjpy;iy ,) Xilfs; fyff; kilak[ ; ? kf;fs; fyff; kiltjpyi; y <) Xilfs; milff; gg; Ltjpy;iy ? kf;fs; milff; gg; Lfpd;wdu;  [tpil: <) Xilfs; milf;fgg; Ltjpy;iy ? kf;fs; milff; gg; Lfpd;wdu]; 22. brg;gkhd totk; bgw;wJ/ fy;ypyf;fpakha; mikej; J ________. m) fyb; tlL; M) bkaf; ;fPuj; j; p ,) brgn; gL <) ,yff; pak ; [tpil: M) bka;ff; Puj; j; p] 23. je;ijapyy; hjtUfF; j; jei; jahf ,Uf;fpd;wtd; ________. m) ,uhruhr nrhHd ; M) xll; fT; jj; u; ,) gy;ytu; <) nruu; [tpil: m) ,uhruhr nrhHd]; www.tnpscjob.com

294 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 24. jhapyy; hjtUf;Fj; jhahf ,Uff; pd;wtd; ________. m) ,uhruhr nrhHd ; M) xll; fT; jj; u; ,) gy;ytu ; <) nruu ; [tpil: m) ,uhruhr nrhHd]; 25. kfdpyy; hjtUfF; kfdhf ,Uf;fpd;wtd; ________. m) ,uhruhr nrhHd; M) xll; f;Tjj; u; ,) gy;ytu ; <) nruu; [tpil: m) ,uhruhr nrhHd]; 26. cyf capu;fSfF; vy;yhk; capuhf ,Uff; pdw; td; ________. m) ,uhruhr nrhHd; M) xl;lfT; jj; u; ,) gy;ytu; <) nruu ; [tpil: m) ,uhruhr nrhHd]; 27. tpHp bgw;w gadhft[k; bka; bgww; mUshftk[ ; bkhHp bgw;w bghUshftk[ ; g[fH;bgw;w E} yhftk[ ; jpfH;gtd; ________. m) ,uhruhr nrhHd; M) xll; f; Tj;ju; ,) gy;ytu; <) nruu; [tpil: m) ,uhruhr nrhHd]; 28. gf[ H; midj;jpw;Fk; jiytdhdtd; ________. m) ,uhruhr nrhHd; M) xll; f; Tj;ju; ,) gyy; tu; <) nruu ; [tpil: m) ,uhruhr nrhHd]; FWtpdh ,ay; 7 1. ,uzl; hk; ,uhruhrdpd; gl;l=;fs; ahit> nfhgg; unfrup/ jpUgt[ dr; rf;futuj; j; p MfpaitahFk.; 2. jprhghyu; vzk; u; ahtu;> (my;yJ) jpirghyfu; vlL; ngu; ahtu;> ,e;jpud/; mff; pdp/ akd;/ epUjp/ tUzd;/ thaFngud;/ <rhdd; Mtu;. 3. ,uhruhrdpd; ehlo; y; gy[ k;g[tJk;/ milff; gg; LtJk; vJ> ŒŒ nrhHkd;ddpd; Mlr; papy; rpykg; [fns gy[ k;g[fpd;wd. kf;fs; vjid epidj;Jk; Jdg; w[ ;Wg; g[yk;g[tjpy;iy. ŒŒ e Pu; klL; nk njff; p itfF; k;bghUlL; milf;fg;gLk.; kff; s; vjw;fhftk[ ; rpiwg;gLjj; p milff; g;gLtjpy;iy. 4. fhty;bewp g{zL; Mz;ltd; ,uhruhrd; vd;gij bka;ff; Pu;jj; p vt;thW TWfpd;wJ> ŒŒ jei; japy;yhnjhUfF; j; jei; jaha; ,Ue;jhd.; ŒŒ jhapyy; hnjhUf;Fj; jhaha;j; jpfH;e;jhd.; ŒŒ kfdpyy; hnjhUfF; kfdha; ,Uej; hd.; ŒŒ cyfpd; capuf; Sfb; fyy; hk; capuhf ,Ue;J fhty; bewp. g{z;L Mzl; hd; vdW; bka;ff; Pu;j;jp nghw;WfpwJ. 5. ,uhruhrnrhHdpd; g[fH; gww; p vGJf. ŒŒ tpHp bgww; gadhftk[ ;/ ŒŒ bka; bgw;w mUshftk[ ;/ ŒŒ bkhHp bgw;w bghUshftk[ ;/ ŒŒ g[fH; bgw;w E}y; nghYk; g[fH; midj;jpwF; k; jiytdhag; ; bgUikaw[ W; epdw; hd.; www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 295 6. `goahidna gpzpgg; z[ g; d ,ay; 7 tokzprr; pyk;ng auw;Wtd~ ? ,kb; kaf; ;fuP ;j;jp tupfs; czuj; ;Jk; bghUs; ahJ> nrhH ehlo; y; : ŒŒ ahidfs; gpzpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. Mdhy; kf;fs; gpzpf;fg;gLtjpyi; y. ŒŒ rpyk;g[fs; g[yk;gf[ pdw; d. Mdhy; kff; s; gy[ k;g[tjpyi; y. 7. `bryn; yhilna fyfF; z;gd tUg[dny rpiwgg; Ltd~ ? ,kb; ka;f;fuP j; ;jp tupfs; czu;j;Jk; bghUs; ahJ> nrhH ehl;oy; : ŒŒ Xilfs; klL; nk fyff; kilfpd;wd. Mdhy; kf;fs; fyf;fkiltjpy;iy. ŒŒ g[dy(; ePu); klL; nk milff; gg; Lfpd;wd. Mdhy; kff; s; milff; gg; Ltjpyi; y. 8. `ika[ilad beLtiuna kUSilad ,skhdf; ns~ ? ,kb; kaf; f; uP j; j; p tupfs; czu;j;Jk; bghUs; ahJ> nrhH ehl;oy; : ŒŒ ePzl; kiyia ,Us; NH;eJ; ,Uff; pd;wd. Mdhy; ehl;oy; tWik ,Us; ,yi; y. ŒŒ ,skhdf; s; fzf; s; kUsf; pdw; d. kf;fs; fz;fspy; kUl;rp ,yi; y. 9. `fawF; ynk gpwHe; b; jhGFk; ifj;jhanu foeb; jhWgg; u;~ ? ,kb; ka;ff; Puj; j; p tupfs; czuj; J; k; bghUs; ahJ> nrhH ehlo; y; : ŒŒ Fsj;J kPd;fs; gpwH;eJ; bryf; pdw; d. Mdhy; kf;fs; epiy gpwHt; jpyi; y. ŒŒ brtpypjj; ha; rpdk; fhlL; thu;. Mdhy; ntW ahUk; rpdk; bfhs;tjpyi; y. 10. ``jei; japyn; yhu;f;F jei; jahfpa[e; jhahupyn; yhu; jhahuhfp~~ ,Ugg; tu; ahu;> jei; japyy; hjtUf;Fj; je;ijahftk[ ;/ jha; ,yy; hjtUf;Fj; jhahft[k; ,Ug;gtu; ,uhruhr nrhHd; Mthu.; 11. ikej; upy;nyhuf; F; ikej; uhft[k; kd;Dapuf; F; apuhftk[ ; ,Ug;gtu; ahu;> kfd; ,y;yhjtUf;F kfdhftk[ ;/ cyf capu;fSf;F vy;yhk; capuhft[k; ,Ugg; tu; ,uhruhr nrhHd; Mthu;. rpWtpdh 1. bka;ff; uP j; j; p Fwpgg; [ tiuf. ŒŒ muruf; s; jk; tuyhWk/; bgUikak[ ; fhyk; fleJ; k; epiyjJ; epw;fr; bra;a[k; rhrdk.; ŒŒ gyy; tu; fy;btl;LfspYk/; ghzo; au; brgn; gLfspYk; Kistpl;l ,t;tHf;fk; nrhHu; fhyjj; py; bka;f;fPuj; ;jp vdg; bgau; bgww; J. ŒŒ Kjyhk; ,uhruhrd; fhye;bjhl;L bka;f;fPuj; ;jpfs; fy;ypy; toff; gg; l;ld. ŒŒ bka;ff; Puj; ;jp xU kdd; upd; Mlr; pr; rpwgg; [/ ehl;L tsk;/ Mfpatw;iw xUnru czu;j;Jtjhf css; J. www.tnpscjob.com

296 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 2. ,uhruhr nrhHd; bka;f;fuP ;j;jpapy; vtw;Wfb; fyy; hk; ctikg;gLjj; gg; l;Ls;shd>; ŒŒ je;ijapy;yhjtUf;Fj; je;ij  tpHp bgw;w gad; ŒŒ jhapy;yhjtUfF; j; jha;  bka; bgw;w mUs; ŒŒ kfdpy;yhjtUfF; kfd;  bkhHp bgww; bghUs; ŒŒ cyf capu;fSfF; capu;  gf[ Hb; gw;w E}y; ? M fpatw;Wfb; fyy; hk; ,uhruhr nrhHd; ctikgg; Lj;jg;gl;Lss; jhf bkaf; ;fPu;j;jpfs; @yk; mwpayhk;. 3. nrhH ehlo; y; ikai[ lad/ kUSilad ahit> vjwF; k; ŒŒ `ik` vdw; hy; ,Us; vdW; bghUs.; ŒŒ nrhHehl;od; kiygg; Fjpa[k; kiyfF; iffSnk ,Us; NHe; ;J fhzgg; Ltd. ŒŒ kf;fs; jk; thH;tpy; tWik ,Us; NHt; jpyi; y. ŒŒ `kUs;~ vdg; J xUtpj gaczu;t[ MFk;. ŒŒ mjj; F kUl;rp ,skhdf; spd; fz;fspy; kl;Lnk fhzgg; Lk.; kff; s; kUlr; pailtjpy;iy. 4. `goahidna gpzpgg; [z;gd tokzprr; pyk;ng auw;Wtd~ ?,l+R; l;og; bghUs; tpsf;fk; jUf. ,lk; Rl;Ljy; : ,uhruhr nrhHdpd; bkaf; f; Pu;j;jpg; gFjpapy; ,t;tupfs; ,lk;bgWfpd;wd. bghUs; tpsf;fk; : ,uhruhr nrhHd; ehlo; y; ahidfs; gpzpff; gg; Lfpd;wd. Mdhy; kff; s; gpzpf;fgg; Ltjpyi; y. rpykg; [fs; gy[ k;gf[ pdw; d. Mdhy; kf;fs; gy[ kg; [tjpy;iy. ,ay; 7 5. `i ka[ilad beLtiuna bkUSilad ,skhdf; ns~ ? ,l+R; lo; g; bghUs; tpsff; k; jUf. ,lk; Rl;Ljy; : ,uhruhr nrhHdpd; bka;f;fPuj; ;jpg; gFjpapy; ,tt; upfs; ,lkb; gWfpd;wd. bghUs; tpsf;fk; : ,uhruhr nrhHd; ehl;oy; ePzl; kiyia ,Us; NHe; J; ,Uf;fpdw; d. Mdhy; ehl;oy; tWik ,Us; ,y;iy. ,skhd;fs; fz;fs; kUs;fpdw; d. kff; s; fzf; spy; kUlr; p ,y;iy. 6. `fawF; ynk gpwH;e;bjhGFk; ifj;jhanu foe;bjhWgg; u~; ? ,l+;Rl;og; bghUs; tpsff; k; jUf. ,lk; Rl;Ljy; : ,uhruhr nrhHdpd; bkaf; ;fPuj; ;jpg; gFjpapy; ,t;tupfs; ,lkb; gWfpdw; d. bghUs; tpsf;fk; : ,uhruhr nrhHd; ehlo; y; FsjJ; kPdf; s; gpwH;eJ; bry;fpd;wd. Mdhy; kff; s; epiy gpwH;tjpy;iy. brtpypjj; ha; rpdk; fhlL; thu.; Mdhy; ntW ahUk; rpdk; bfhst; jpyi; y.  www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 297 ,ay; ehL ftpijg; ngiH 7 rpyg;gjpfhuk; ? ,s=;nfhtofs; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; FWtpdh 1. ghrtu/; thrtu/; gy;epz tpiy+u;/ ckzu; rpygg; jpfhuk; fhl;Lk; ,t;tzpfu;fs; ahtu>; ŒŒ ghrtu ; ? btww; piy tpw;gtuf; s; ŒŒ thrtu ; ? eWkzgb; ghUl;fis tpwg; tuf; s; ŒŒ gye; pztpiy+u; ? gyt; if ,iwr;rpfis tpiyTwp tpwg; tuf; s; ŒŒ ckzu ; ? cgg; [ tpwg; tu; rpWtpdh 1. gfut; du; jpupjpU efutPjpak[ ;\" ,ay; 7 glo; Dk; kapupDk; gUj;jp E}ypDk\"; fl;L Ez;tpidf; fhUfu; ,Uf;ifak[ \"; J}Rk; JfpUk; MuKk; mfpYk;. m) ,t;tofs; ,lk; bgw;w E}y; vJ> rpyg;gjpfhuk; M) ghlypy; mike;j nkhidia vLj;J vGJf. gfu;tdu/; gl;oDk; ,) vJifr; brhw;fis mofn; fhoLf. gl;oDk; kapupDk/; fl;L Ez;tpid <) fhUfu; ? bghUs; jUf. bea;gtu; (berthsu;) c) ,g;ghlyoapy; fhzgg; Lk; eWkzg; bghUlf; s; ahit> rej; dKk; mfpYk;. beLtpdh 1. rpyg;gjpfhu kUt{ug; g; hff; tzpf tjP pfis ,ff; hy tzpf tshf=;fnshLk;/ m=;fhofnshLk; xg;gplL; vGJf. ŒŒ kUt{u;g;ghf;fj;J tzpftPjpfspy; tzz; fF; Hk;g[/ Rz;zg; bgho tpwg; J nghy; ,di; wa m=f; hofspYk;/ tzpf tshf=;fspYk; tpw;fg;gLfpdw; d. ŒŒ Fspur; ;rp bghUe;jpa re;jdk/; g{ tiffs/; CJtj;jp/ mfpy; nghdw; eWkzg;bghUs;fSk; ,d;iwa tzpf tshfjj; pYk;/ fpilff; pdw; d. tpw;fgg; Lfpd;wd. www.tnpscjob.com

298 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ ŒŒ b ghd;/ kzp/ KjJ; / gtsk; Mfpait kUt{ug; ;ghff; tPjpfspy; tpw;gid bra;ag;gll; J. ,dW; tzpf tshfjj; pYk; eiff;filfspy; `bghd/; kzp/ Kj;J/ gtsk;~ tpwf; g;gLfpwJ. ŒŒ tzpf tPjpfspy; Ftpayhff; fplej; J jhdpa tiffs;. ŒŒ , d;W m=;fhofspy; jhdpa tiffis vilnghl;L bghl;ly=;fspy; flo; tpwg; id braf; pd;wdu;. ŒŒ kUt{u;gg; hff; j; bjUf;fspy; cg;g/[ btww; piy/ eWkzg;bghUl;fs; tpwg; id bra;ag;gl;lJ nghy;/ ,di; wa m=f; hofspYk; tpwf; gg; Lfpdw; J. ŒŒ btzf; yk/; brk;gg[ ; ghj;jpuk;/ kugb; ghUlf; s.; ,Uk;g[g; bghUlf; s; fpiljj; ijg; nghy/ ,d;iwa m=f; hofspYk tpwf; g;gLfpd;wJ. ŒŒ btzf; yk/; brkg; g[ ; ghjj; puk;/ kugb; ghUl;fs/; ,Uk;gg[ ; bghUl;fs; fpiljj; ijg; nghy/ ,di; wa m=;fho/ tzpf tshf=;fspy; fpilg;gnjhL/ TLjyhf gy etPdg; bghUl;fisf; bfhz;L cUthff; g;glL; s;s (befpHp) bghUs;fs; etPd my=f; hu=;fSld; fpilff; pd;wd. ŒŒ kUt{u;gg; hff; tPjpfspy; bghwb; fhy;yu/; ,ujj; pdntiy brag; tu/; ijaw;fhuu/; njhy; bghUs; brag; tu;/ JzpahYk/; fl;ilahYk; bghk;ik bra;gtuf; s; vdg; gyjpwgg; ll; iftpid+u;fs; ,Ue;jdu.; ŒŒ m ijgn; ghynt/ ,d;iwa m=f; hofspYk;/ tzpf tshf=;fspYk; ,j;jF iftpidf; fiy+u;fs;/ etPd bjhHpy; El;gjJ; ld; bjhHpy; tyn; yhuha; ,Uf;fpdw; huf; s;. mHF kpspUk; iftpidg; bghUsf; isr; braJ; tpwg; ida[k; bra;fpdw; du;. ,yf;fzf;Fwpg;g[ tzz; Kk; Rz;zKk ; ? vzQ; ki; k gapy;bjhHpy ; ? tpidj;bjhif Ez;tpid/ mUkb; gsy ; ? gz;gj[ b; jhif ,ay; 7 gfUeu ; ? tpidahyizak[ ; bgau; brwpe;j ? bgabur;rk; edf; yk/; btWfi; f ? gzg; [j;bjhif FHypDk; ahHpDk ; ? vz;Qk;ik gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk; ka=;fpa ? ka=;F + ,(d); + a; + m Ftpj;j ? Ftp + j; + j; +m ka=F; ? gFjp Ftp ? gFjp ,d ; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy j ; ? rej; p a ; ? clkg; Lbka; re;jp j ; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy m ? bgaburr; tpFjp. m ? bgabur;rtpFjp. mse;J ? ms + j; (e;) + j; + c fhlL; k; ? fhl;L + ck; ms ? gFjp fhlL; ? gFjp j ; ? re;jp/ `e~; MdJ tpfhuk; ck ; ? b raa; [k; vd;Dk; tha;ghl;L j ; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy c ? tpidbarr; tpFjp bgaburr; tpFjp www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 299 TLjy; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. @nte;ju; gww; pa bra;jpfisf; TWk; E}y; ________. m) rpygg; jpfhuk; M) kzpnkfiy ,) tisahgjp <) Fz;lynfrp [tpil: m) rpygg; jpfhuk]; 2. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; css; fhz;l=f; s; ________. m) Ie;J M) VG ,) @d;W <) xdg; J [tpil: ,) @d;W] 3. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpd; fhijfs; ________. m) 30 M) 27 ,) 33 ; <) 36 [tpil: m) 30] 4. `mofs; ePnu mUSf~ vd;W ,s=;nfhtofsplk; ntzo; f; bfhzl; tu; ________. m) fk;gu ; M) fgpyu; ,) jpUj;jf;fnjtu ; <) rPjj; iyr;rhjj; dhu; [tpil: <) rjP j; iyr;rhjj; dhu]; 5. rpyg;gjpfhuj;njhL bjhlug; [ila fhg;gpak; ________. m) kzpnkfiy M) Nshkzp ,) tisahgjp <) ePynfrp [tpil: m) kzpnkfiy] 6. ehl;LJk; ahnkhu; ghl;Lilrb; raa; s[ ; vdw; tu; ________. m) ghujpahu; M) fkg; u; ,) ,s=n; fhtofs ; <) ckWgg; y[ tu ; [tpil: ,) ,s=n; fhtofs]; 7. kzpnkfiyapd; Mrpupau; ________. ,ay; 7 m) ,s=;nfhtofs ; M) rPjj; iyrr; hjj; dhu; ,) jpUjj; f;fnjtu; <) g[j;jkpjj; puu; [tpil: M) rPj;jiyr;rhj;jdhu]; 8. ,e;jputpHh CbuLjj; fhij mikej; fhz;lk; ________. m) g[fhu;f;fhz;lk ; M) kJiuf;fhzl; k; ,) t+;rpf;fhz;lk ; <) ghyfhz;lk; [tpil: m) gf[ hu;f;fhzl; k]; 9. rpyg;gjpfhujj; pd; bgUk; gpupt[ ________. m) ghfk ; M) m=;fk; ,) fhz;lk; <) fhij [tpil: ,) fhz;lk]; 10. rpyg;gjpfhujj; pd; cl;gpupt[ ________. m) glyk; M) rUf;fk; ,) fhij <) fhlr; p [tpil: ,) fhij] 11. rpyg;gjpfhujj; py; tUk; jkpH; eil ________. m) ciugg; hlL; kil M) ciueil ,) trdeil <) bra;as[ ; eil [tpil m) ciugg; hl;L kil] www.tnpscjob.com

300 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 12. ngRk; bkhHpapd; Xl;lk; vd;gJ ________. m) bkhHp M) ciu ,) fhij <) fhlr; p [tpil: <) fhl;rp] 13. rpyg;gjpfhuKk; kzpnkfiyak[ ; ________ MFk.; m) ,izfhg;gpak ; M) Kjw;fhgg; pak; ,) gpidfhg;gpak; <) ,uli; lf;fhg;gpak; [tpil: <) ,uli; lf;fhg;gpak]; 14. fz;zfpa[k; nfhtyDk; brd;W mile;j Cu; ________. m) fhtpupg;g{k;glo; dk; M) jpUtu=f; k; ,) ciwa{u; <) bfhLkg; hAu ; [tpil: <) bfhLk;ghAu]; 15. ,s=n; fhtofs; ve;j ehli; lr; nru;ej; tu>; m) nru M) nrhH ,) ghz;oa <) gy;yt [tpil: m) nru] 16. mHfu; kiy vd;gJ ________. m) jpUtu=f; k; M) jpUkhyF; dw; k; ,) ntytd;Fdw; k; <) khy;Fd;wk ; [tpil: M) jpUkhy;Fdw; k]; 17. nfhtyida[k; fzz; fpiaak[ ; miHjJ; r; brd;wtu; ________. m) ft[e;jpaofs ; M) khjup ,) khjtp <) MauF; ygb; gz; [tpil: m) fte[ ;jpaofs]; 18. fztid ,He;j fz;zfp brdW; mile;j ,lk; ________. m) itifff; iu M) nt=i; fff; hdy; ,) mHfuk; iy <) ciwa{u ; [tpil: M) nt=i; fff; hdy]; 19. bgU=F; zj;Jf; fhjyhs; ahu>; m) fz;zfp M) khjtp ,ay; 7 ,) khjup <) kzpnkfiy [tpil: m) fzz; fp] 20. brhy;iyak[ ; bghUisa[k; bghUj;Jf. m) J}R ? 1. bryt; k; M) Jfpu ; ? 2. glL; ,) btWf;if ? 3. tpiy <) behil ? 4. gtsk; m) 3/ 1/ 4/ 2 M) 2/ 4/ 1/ 3 ,) 3/ 1/ 2/ 4 <) 2/ 1/ 3/ 4 [tpil: M) 2/ 4/ 1/ 3] 21. kUt{ug; g; hff; k; mikej; efuk; ________ MFk;. m) gf[ hu ; M) kJiu ,) t+;rp <) fh+;rp [tpil: m) gf[ hu]; 22. kzz; Pll; hsu; vdf; Fwpff; g; bgWgtu; ________. m) Xtpau ; M) tzpfu; ,) rpw;gp <) rhypau ; [tpil: ,) rpwg; p] 23. Ttk; Ftpjj; ? ,jpy; `Ttk~; vd;gjd; bghUs; ________. m) jhdpak; M) Fgi; g ,) gHk ; <) njhy ; [tpil: m) jhdpak]; www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 301 24. fs; tpw;gtu; ________. M) ckzu; [tpil: <) tiyr;rpau]; m) gujtu ; <) tiyrr; pau; ,) ghrtu ; 25. bghUjJ; f. ? m) rpwg; p 1. fzQ; s; tpid+u ; ? M) Xtpau; 2. kz;zPll; hsu; ? ,) bjhHpy; 3. fpHp ? <) Jzp 4. tpid M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< [tpil: m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,] ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< 26. brhyY; k; bghUSk; bghUe;jhj brhy; vJ> m) Rzz; k; ? eWkzg;bgho M) fhUfu ; ? beag; tu; ,) J}R ? glL; <) Jfpu ; ? KjJ; [tpil: <) Jfpu; ? Kj;J] 27. brhy;Yk; bghUSk; rupahfg; bghUej; pa brhy; vJ> m) Rz;zk ; ? beag; tu; M) fhUfu ; ? gtsk; ,) J}R ? glL; <) Jfpu; ? eWkzg;bgho [tpil: ,) J}R ? gl;L] 28. brhy;Yk; bghUSk; rupahfg; bghUe;jpa brhy; vJ> m) btWfi; f ? bryt; k; M) behil ? vz;bza; tpwn; ghu; ,) ghrtu ; ? tpiy ,ay; 7 <) XReu ; ? btw;wpiy tpwn; ghu; [tpil: m) btWf;if ? bry;tk]; 29. `gUjj; p E}ypDk; fl;L Ez;tpidf; fhUfu; ,Ufi; fa[k~; ,tt; ofspy; `fhUfu~; vdg; ijr; Rl;Lk; brhy; ________. m) beag; tu; M) Ez;tpid ,) rpw;gp <) Xtpau; [tpil: m) beag; tu]; 30. `mU=f; y btWf;ifnahL mseJ; fil mwpah~ ,tt; ofspy; `btWf;if~ vd;gijr; Rl;Lk; brhy; ________. m) Jzp M) gtsk; ,) glL; <) bryt; k; [tpil: <) bry;tk]; 31. `XReu; brwpe;j Cdk; yp ,Uf;ifak[ ~; ,t;tofspy; `XReu~; vd;gijr; Rl;Lk; brhy; ________. m) vzb; za; tpwn; ghu ; M) btww; piy tpwn; ghu; ,) rpwg; p <) Jzp tpw;nghu; [tpil: m) vz;bza; tpw;nghu]; 32. `fzQ; s; tpid+Uk; kzz; lP L; MsUk~; ,t;tofspy; `kzQ; s;~ vdg; ijr; RlL; k; brhy; ________. m) rpwg; p M) Xtpau; ,) rhypau; <) bry;tk ; [tpil: M) Xtpau]; www.tnpscjob.com

302 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 33. `tz;zKk; Rz;zKk; jz;eW+; rhej; Kk~; ,tt; ofspy; mikej; eak; ________. m) vJif M) nkhid ,) Kuz ; <) ,iag[ [tpil: m) vJif] FWtpdh 1. Ik;bgU=;fhg;gpa=;fs; ahit> rpygg; jpfhuk;/ kzpnkfiy/ rPtfrpe;jhkzp/ tisahgjp/ Fzl; ynfrp. 2. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpd; fhz;l=;fs/; fhijfs; Fwpgg; pLf. rpygg; jpfhuj;jpd; fhzl; =;fs; @dW; / fhijfs; Kg;gJ MFk;. mit: ŒŒ g[fhuf; ;fhz;lk; ? 10 ŒŒ kJiuf;fhzl; k; ? 13 ŒŒ t+;rpf;fhz;lk ; ? 7 3. rpyg;gjpfhujj; pd; ntWbgau;fs; ahit> Kjy;fhgg; pak/; Kjj; kpH;ff; hgg; pak/; Fokf;fs; fhgg; pak;/ xwW; ikf;fhg;gpak; ? ciuapilapl;l ghl;Lilr; bra;a[s.; 4. ciuapilapl;l ghl;Lilr; bra;as[ ; tpsfF; f. ŒŒ ciuapilapll; ghl;Lil vdg; J `ciug;ghlL; kil~ vdD; k; jkpH;eil. ŒŒ ,J rpygg; jpfhujj; py; ,lk; bgWfpwJ. ŒŒ ciueilg;gh=;fpy; mikej; pUfF; k; ghl;L vdg; J bghUshFk;. 5. `f+r; fhuUk; brkg; [ braF; eUk; kuk; bfhy; jr;rUk; fU=;iff; bfhy;yUk~; ,t;to mike;j E}y; vJ> ,ay; 7 rpyg;gjpfhuk.; ,t;to mikej; fhij vJ> ,ej; putpHh CbuLjj; fhij. fU=;iff; bfhyy; u; vdgg; Lgtu; ahu;> ,Ukg; f[ ; bfhyy; u;. ,t;toapy; mikej; bjhil vJ> ,iagj[ ; bjhil ? bra;FeUk; bfhyy; Uk.; 6. kUt{ug; ;ghff; tPjpapy; ,Uej; iftpidj; bjhHpy; tyY; euf; s; ahtu;> brg;gg[ ; ghj;jpuk; bran; thu/; kuj;jr;ru/; ,Ukg; [fb; fhyy; u;/ Xtpau/; bghwb; fhy;yu/; ijaw;fhuu;/ njhy; bghUs; ijgg; tu; Mfpnahu.; 7. ,uli; lf; fhgg; pa=f; s; ahit> ŒŒ rpyg;gjpfhuKk;/ kzpnkfiya[k;/ ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpak; MFk.; ŒŒ fhyj;jhYk/; fijj; bjhlu;ghYk; bjhlu;g[ilajha; ,UfF; k.; 8. rpyg;gjpfhujj; py; kUt{u;gg; hff; k; gww; pa braj; p ,lk; bgWk; fhz;lk; kw;Wk; fhij ahit> kJiuf; fhzl; k/; ,ej; putpHh CbuLj;j fhij. www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 303 9. `Tyk; Ftpjj; Ty tjP pa[k;~ bjhlu; bghUs; TWf. kUt{ug; g; hff; j;jpy; vl;L tifj; jhdpa=f; Sk; Ftpe;J fplf;Fk; Tyf;filj; bjUff; s; css; d. 10. `FHypDk; ahHpDk; Fuy;Kjy; VGk;tGtpd;wp ,irj;J~ ,t;tofspy; Rl;Lk; Fuy; Kjyhd VHpirfs; ahit> Fuy/; Jj;jk/; iff;fpis/ ciH/ ,sp/ tpsup/ jhuk/; 11. VG Ru=f; isr; RlL; f. !/ up/ f/ k/ g/ j/ ep. 12. edf; yk; jUeu; ? vdW; vtiur; rpygg; jpfhuk; RlL; fpwJ> ,ujj; pdk; Kjyhd mzpfyd;fs; ntiy brag; tu;. 13. `gl;oDk; kapupDk; gUjj; p E}ypDk; fl;L Ezt; pidf; fhUfu; ,Ufi; fa[k;~ ,tt; ofspy; ,s=n; fhtofs; g[ygg; Lj;Jk; fUjj; pid vGJf. kUt{u;gg; hff; j;jpy; glL; / gUjj; p E}y/; Ko ,tw;iwf; bfhz;L mHfhfg; gpd;dpf; fl;Lk; ifjb; jhHpy; tyY; euhd berthsu; thGk; tPjpfSk; cs;sd. 14. `kPd;tpiyg; gujtu/; btsc; g;gg[ ; gfUeu;~ ? ,tt; oapy; rpyg;gjpfhuk; RlL; k; bra;jp ahJ> ŒŒ kPd;tpiyg; gujtu; ? kPd; tpw;Fk; gujtu; ŒŒ bts;cg;gg[ ; gfUeu; ? btz;ikahd cgg; [ tpw;Fk; ckzu; Rl;Lk; bra;jp : kPdf; is tpwg; id braa; [k; beaj; y; epy gujtu; kw;Wk; btz;ikahd cgg; [ tpw;Fk; ckzuk; Ut{u;g;ghff; j; bjUff; spy; tzpfk; braf; pd;wdu;. rpWtpdh 1. `ghy;tif bjupej; gFjpg; ghz;lbkhL ,ay; 7 Tyk; Ftpj;j Ty tjP pak[ ;~ ? ,l+R; l;og; bghUs; tpsfF; f. ,lk; : rpyg;gjpfhuk; gf[ hu;f;fhz;lj;jpy; ,e;jpu tpHh fhijapy; ,lk; bgwW; ss; J. bghUs:; kUt{ug; g; hf;f tzpf tPjpapy; eilbgww; tzpfk;. tpsff; k; : kUt{u;gg; hff; j; bjUff; spy; gygg; y gzl; =;fspd; (bghUlf; spd;) tpw;gid eilbgWfpd;wJ. vl;Ltifj; jhdpa=f; Sk; Ftpe;J fplfF; k; Tyf;filj; bjUf;fSk; css; d. 2. kUt{ug; g; hf;fj; bjUf;fspy; vtb; tt; kzg;bghUlf; is tpwg; id bra;JbfhzL; ,Uej; du>; gf[ hu; efu kUt{ug; g; hff; tzpf tPjpfspy; : tzz; f;FHkg; [/ Rz;zg;bgho/ Fspu;e;j kzr;rheJ; / g{/ eWkzg;bghUs;fs;/ mfpy; ? Kjyhd kzgb; ghUl;fis tpw;gid braJ; bfhzL; ,Ue;jdu.; www.tnpscjob.com

304 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ fw;git fww; gpd; gff; k:; 170 ,ay; 7 1. rpygg; jpfhuf; fijr; RUff; j;ij mwpeJ; teJ; tFgg; iwapy; TWf. gjpdhW taJila nfhtyDf;Fk/; gdd; puzL; taJila fz;zfpf;Fk; jpUkzk; eilbgWfpwJ. ,UtUk; ,dpnj thHf; pd;wdu;. nfhtyd; fiyfspd; fhjyd;. Mly; ghlyf; spy; tpUg;gk; bfhzl; td.; ahH; kPl;Ltjpy; tyy; td;. xU ehs; Mly; murp mHFg;ghit khjtpapd; Mlypy; ka=F; fpwhd.; khjtpapd; grpa khiyia ahu; th=;Ffpwhuf; nsh mtuf; s; khjtpia milayhk; vd;W mts; ,yy; jj; py; xUjj; p filj;bjUtf[ ;F te;J TWfpwhs;. nfhtyd; khiyia th=f; p khjtpia milfpwhd;. khjtpnahL thHf; pd;w fhyjj; py; mtd; bry;tk; vyy; hk; fiufpwJ. kdk; ntWglL; fz;zfpia tej; ilfpwhd;. ,He;jg; bghUis kPlL; kJiuf;Fr; brd;W MauF; yg; bgz; khjupapd; tPl;oy; j=F; fpwhd.; bghUs; <lL; tjw;fhf fz;zfpapd; fhwr; pyki; g vLj;Jf;bfhzL; kJiu tPjpfF; r; bry;fpwhd;. bghw;bfhyy; dplk; fhlL; fpwhd.; mg;bghw;bfhy;yd; murpapd; rpyki; gj; jpUoatd; mij kiwf;f rkak; fpilj;jij vz;zp muzk; idr; brd;W kdd; dplk; nfhtyd; kPJ gHp Rkj;Jfpwhd;. kd;ddpd; Mizahy; nfhtyd; bfhiy bra;agg; Lfpwhd;. ,ijf;nfll; fz;zfp mGJ gy[ k;gp murigf;Fr; brd;W tHf;Fiuff; pwhs.; czi; k mwpe;j murDk; murpa[k; capu; Jwff; pwhuf; s;. kJiuak[ ; jPff; piuahfpwJ. gpd; nruehl;il mileJ; nt=i; f ku epHypy; j=F; fpwhs.; gpwF thDynfhu; NH nfhtyd; fz;zfpia miHj;Jr; brd;wijf; Fd;wf; Fwtuf; s; TWfpwhuf; s;. br=;FlL; td; ,kak; btd;W/ fyb; yLjJ; f=;ifapy; ePuhl;o t+r; papy; fz;zfpfF; f; nfhapy; fl;Lfpwhd;. ,ff; ijapd; @yk; ehk; mwpak[ ; @dW; cz;ikfs;: 1. murpay; gpiHj;njhu;f;F mwk; Tw;whFk.; 2. ciurhy; gj;jpdpia cau;e;njhu; VjJ; tu; 3. CHt; pid cUjJ; teJ; ClL; k; 2. rpygg; jpfhuk; fhl;Lk; kUt{ug; ;ghf;fk; gww; pa tptupgi; g ,di; wa filj; bjUt[ld; xg;gpl;L ciuahLf. ciuahly; khztu;fns- kUt{ug; ;ghff; tzpf tPjpfs; gww; pf; fw;nwhk; my;yth- mij kdjpy; bfhzL; ,di; wa fil tPjpfnshL xgg; plL; ciuahlyhkh> rpwg; =f; s/; Xtpa=f; s; Mfpatw;iw xspgg; l=f; shfr; nrfupjJ; . tuyhwW; f; Fwpgn; glhf itj;Jf; bfhs;S=f; s.; ciuahLgtu;fs;: kjd;/ Rjd;/ ckh. kjd ; : Rjd;/ ckh vgg; o ,Uf;fpwPu>; ,UtUk ; : edw; hf ,Uf;fpnwhk;- kjd; : ,UtUk; tpLKiwf;F v=f; htJ brd;wPuf; sh> www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 305 ckh : ehd; brdi; d brdn; wd; kjd;. Rjd; : ehd; kJiuf;Fg; nghndd;. kjd ; : ehDk; jpUr;rpfF; r; brd;W ,Ue;njd;. Rjd; : ehd; kJiuf;Fg; nghdnghJ m=F; `khy;~ vd;W brhy;ygg; Lk; tzpf tshfjJ; f;Fr; brd;nwd.; ckh : brdi; dapYk; bgupa bgupa tzpf tshf=f; s; mjpfkhf cs;sd. kjd ; : ehDk; jhd; brd;nwd;. mtw;iwbayy; hk; ghuf; F; k; nghJ Vndh- vd; kdjpy; ehk; ghljj; py; gapd;W bjupe;J bfhzl; kUt{ug; ;ghff; k; tzpf tPjpfspd; fhl;rp vd; kdjpy; teJ; nghdJ. Rjd; : Mkhlh....... tzpf tPjpfspy; vyy; hg; bghUs;fSk; fpiljj; J nghy; ,=F; k; fpilf;fpwJ. ckh : kUt{ug; ;ghff; tPjpia tpl ,=F; MuthuKk/; my=;fhuKk; mjpfkhf cs;sJ. kjd ; : m=;F cwg; jj; pahsnu bghUisf; bfhzL; te;J tpw;ghu.; ,]=;F KjyPl;lhsu;fs; ,iljj; ufu; @yk; th=;fp teJ; tpw;gidahsiu itj;J tpwf; pd;wdu.; Rjd ; : mej; f; fhyjj; py; xtb; thU bghUSf;Fk; epahakhd tpiy/ gzl; khw;W Kiw ,Ue;jJ. ckh : jhdpa=;fs; Ftpj;J itjJ; mseJ; bfhLj;jdu.; Mdhy;. ,ej; tshf=f; spYk/; m=f; hofspYk; tz;zf; fhfpj=;fspy; Vwf; dnt fl;oitj;J mLf;fp itj;Jss; hu;fs.; ehk; vLj;Jf; bfhss; ntz;oaJjhd;. kjd ; : @dW; Cu;fspYk; bghJthd Kiwapy; xU tpw;gid Kiw ,Uej; ij ahUk; czue; j; Pu;fsh..... Rjd; : bghJthd tpw;gid Kiwah...... vdd; lh mJ> ckh : vdf;Fj; bjupe;J tpll; J. eilghij filfisj;jhnd brhyf; pwha.; ,ay; 7 kjd ; : Mkh ckh.... xt;bthU filjb; jUtpYk; fzi; zf; ftUk; gykhof; flo; l=f; s/; my=f; hu tpsf;Ffs; mikjJ; gy; bghUs; m=;fhofs; ,Ug;gpDk; mnj bghUs;fis eilghijfspy; itj;J rpWFW tpahghupfs;/ tptrhapfs; j=;fs; cw;gj;jpg;bghUis tpww; y; Mfpa fhlr; pfisak[ ; fhz Koe;jJ jhnd..... ,UtUk; : Mk; kjd;- eilghijf; filfspYk; jukhd bghUs; fpilf;Fk; vdW; vd; mk;kh moff; o brhy;thu;fs.; @tUk ; : xUtUf;bfhUtu; ...... neukhfptpl;lJ ngha; tuyhkh..... vd;W tpilbgw;wdu;.  www.tnpscjob.com

306 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ ,ay; ehL tpupthdk; 7 k=;ifauha;g; gpwg;gjw;nf.... ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; beLtpdh 1. epfH;t[fisj; bjhFj;J mwpfi; f vGJf. kfspu; ehs; tpHh ,lk; : gs;spf; fiyau=f; k.; ehs; : 08.03.2020 fiyau=;fj;jpy; Mrpupau;fs/; khztuf; s; TLjy; ? jiyikahrpupaupd; tuntwg; [ ? ,jHhsu; fiyaurpapd; rpwg;g[iu ? Mrpupau;fspd; thHj; J; iu ? khztj; jiytupd; edw; pai[ u. kfspu; ehs; tpHh vkg; s;spf; fiyau=f; py; 08.03.2020 mdW; kfspu; ehs; tpHh eilbgw;wJ. mtt; pHhtpidg; gw;wpa mwpfi; fahtJ. tpHh ehs; : 08.03.2020 ,lk; : gs;spf; fiyau=;fk.; ,ay; 7 vk; gss; p mdW; tpHhf;nfhyk; g{zo; Ue;jJ. rupahf khiy 3.30 kzp mstpy; tpHh epfHt; plkhd gs;spf; fiyau=;fpw;Fs; khztu;fs;/ Mrpupauf; s/; bgw;nwhuf; s; kfpH;t[ld; te;J mkue; ;jdu;. rupahf 4.00 kzpfF; rpwgg; [ tpUej; pdu; ,jHhsu; fiyaurp tUif gu[ pej; hu;. khztuf; s; Mrpupau;fs; kfpH;t[ld; Muthuk; bra;J ifjlo; rpwg;g[ tpUej; pdu; mtuf; is tuntww; du.; jiyikahrpupaupd; tuntw;g:[ ,jHpay; Jiwapy; gl;lk; bgw;W/ gll; gg; ogg; [ld; mrR; jJ; iwapy; KJfiya[k; gapdW; / ehspjH; thu,jH; gog;gtu;fspd; kdjpy; eP=f; h ,lk; gpojj; pUf;Fk; ,jHhsu; jpUkjp. fiyaurp mtu;fs; jhd; gzpg[upak[ ; ,jHpy; bra;jpfis btspapLtJ/ rKjha tpHpg;gz[ u;it Vw;gLjJ; k; fl;Liu vGJtJ/ FHe;ijfSf;fhd gFjpfis totikgg; J. nfyprr; pjj; puk; thapyhf r@f mty=;fisr; Rlo; ff; hlo; tpHpgg; [zu;t[ Vwg; Lj;JtJ vd ,jHpay; Jiwapy; gdK; fj; jpwik bgw;wtu;. mtiu ,t;tpHhtpw;F tuntw;gjpy; bgUkfpH;r;rp milfpnwd;. ,jHhsupd; rpwgg; i[ u: `fhupUs; mfj;jpy; fjpbuhsp ghar; ;RtJk;/ Japyg; tuf; s; be+r; py; vGr;rpia Vw;gLjJ; tJk;~ ,jH;fns vd;why; kpifapyi; y. gll; =;fs; Ms;tJk; rl;l=f; s; bra;tJk; ghupdpy; bgz;fshy; ,aYk; vd;gij kfhftp ekfF; xU Cff; rfj; pahf jeJ; brd;wpUff; pwhu.; bgz;fns c=;fSfF; KGikahd fy;tp fll; hak; njit. ve;j xU fhuzj;jpw;fhftk[ ; c=;fs; fy;tpia tplL; f; bfhLf;fhjPu;fs;. `fyt; papyy; h bgz; fsu; epyk;~ vdw; hu; g[ulr; pff; tp. ehk; fsu;epykhf gadw;Wg; nghf gpwf;ftpy;iy. +hdr; brUfF; k; cilatuf; sha/; gj[ pa www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 307 cyfk; gilf;Fk; typik bghUe;jpatu;fshag; ; gpwe;jpUf;fpnwhk;. vdnt ed;F goa[=f; s;\" gj[ pa rKjhak; gila[=;fs;\" gJ[ ikg; bgzz; pd; kfpH;t[ fz;L ,k;kz;Qyfk; tpaf;fl;Lk; vdW; rpwg;gi[ uahw;wpdhu;. edw; pa[iu: epiwthf gs;spapd; khztj; jiytu; `nkhfdh~ ed;wp Twpdhu;. miHgg; pwf; pz=;fp tUif je;j rpwg;g[ tpUej; pdUf;Fk/; mtiu miHjJ; te;J tpHhtpid Vw;ghL braj; jiyikahrpupaUf;Fk/; cld; xj;JiHj;j Mrpupag; bgUkff; SfF; k/; bgw;nwhuf; Sf;Fk/; mikjp fhjj; khzt ez;gu;fSf;Fk; edw; p Twpdhs.; TLjy; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. bghUe;jhj ,iziaj; nju;f. m) ghyru!]tjp ? kPuh M) vk;.v!.; Rgg; [ylR; kp ? kfnrnr ,) uh$k; fpU&;zd; ? ntUf;F ePu; <) rpdd; gg; ps;is ? fs+r; pak; [tpil: m) ghyru!t; jp ? kuP h] 2. 1954?y; jhkiuazp tpUJ bgww; tu; ________. m) rpd;dg;gps;is M) ghyruRtjp ,) vk.; v!.; Rgg; [yl;Rkp <) uh$k; fpU&;zd; [tpil: ,) vk.; v!.; Rgg; y[ l;Rkp] 3. vk;.v!.; Rgg; [yl;Rkpiaj; bjhlL; j; jltpg; ghuhl;oatu; ________. m) rnuh$pdp eha[L M) fkyhneU ,) b\\yd; bfy;yu; <) kPuh [tpil: ,) b\\yd; bfyy; u]; 4. bt=;fnlr Rg;ughjk; jpUgg; jpapy; xypff; j; bjhl=f; pa MzL; ________. ,ay; 7 m) 1966 M) 1963 ,) 1971 ; <) 1976 [tpil: m) 1966] 5. ,irf;Ff; fpiljj; kFlk; vdg; nghww; g;gl;l tpUJ ________. m) nehgy; gupR M) jhkiu tpUJ ,) kfnrnr tpUJ <) ,ej; pakhkzp tpUJ [tpil: ,) kfnrnr tpUJ] 6. bghUj;Jf. bgz;fs; tpUJ m) vk.; v!;. Rgg; [ylR; kp ? 1. xsit tpUJ M) ghyruRtjp ? 2. thH;t[upik tpUJ ,) uh$k; fpU&z; d ; ? 3. rhfpjj; pa mfhbjkp tpUJ <) rpdd; gg; ps;is ? 4. ,e;jpa khkdp tpUJ m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 M) 1/ 2/ 3/ 4 ,) 3/ 4/ 2/ 1 <) 2/ 3/ 4/ 1 [tpil: m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1] www.tnpscjob.com

308 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 7. fpU&z; k;khSf;F `thHt; [upik tpUJ~ tH=f; pa ehL ________. m) Rtplr; u;yhe;J M) RtPld; ,) jhay; he;J <) knyrpah [tpil: M) RtPld]; 8. gLfu; ,dkf;fspd; thHt; pay; khw;wji; jg; ngRk; g[jpdk; ________. m) fupg;gk[ zpfs ; M) ntUf;FePu; ,) nrw;W kdpju;fs ; <) Fwp+;rpj;njd ; [tpil: <) Fwp+r; pj;njd]; 9. `g{jhd ,af;fjj; py~; gzpg[upe;jtu; ________. m) rpd;dgg; ps;is M) fpU&z; k;khs; ,) uh$k; fpU&z; d ; <) ghyruRtjp [tpil: M) fpU&;zk;khs]; 10. r@f mty=;fis cwW; nehf;fp vGjj; pd; tHpahf cyFfF; f; fhl;oatu; ________. m) uh$kf; pU&z; d ; M) fpU&z; k;khs; ,) ghyruRtjp <) vk;.v!;.Rg;gy[ lr; kp [tpil: m) uh$kf; pU&z; d]; 11. `fs+r; pak;~ kfspu; FG Kjd; Kjypy; Mukg; pj;jtu; ________. m) rpd;dg;ghg;gh M) rpd;dj;Jiu ,) rpdd; gg; psi; s <) ruRtjp [tpil: ,) rpd;dgg; psi; s] 12. `cGgtUf;nf epy cupik ,aff; k~; bjhl=f; patu; ________. m) uh$kf; pU&z; d ; M) fpU&z; kk; hs; ,) ghyruRtjp <) vk;.v!.; Rgg; y[ lR; kp [tpil: M) fpU&z; kk; hs]; 13. vk.; v!;. Rg;gy[ lR; kpiag; gpugygg; Lj;jpa ghly; ________. m) Rg;ughjk; M) fhww; pdpny tUk; fPjk; ,) ,uFgjp uhftuh$huhk ; <) kPuh gw;wpa ghly; [tpil: M) fhw;wpdpny tUk; fjP k]; 14. ghyruRtjpapd; ehl;oaf; fr;nrupiag; gf[ H;ej; tu; ________. m) gz;ol; neU M) fhej; p ,ay; 7 ,) gzo; l; ,utpr=f; u ; <) ,af;Feu; ,utpf;Fkhu; [tpil: ,) gzo; l; ,utpr=;fu]; 15. `fhe;jp mikjp tpUij~ fpU&;zk;khSf;F tH=;fpa ehL ________. m) ,ej; pah M) Rtplr; uy; he;J ,) rp=f; g;g{u; <) RtPld; [tpil: M) Rtpl;ru;yhe;J] FWtpdh 1. vk;.v!; Rgg; [yl;Rkpapd; ,iriag; ghuhl;onahu; ahtu>; ŒŒ $t\\uy; hy; neU ŒŒ rnuh$pdp eha[L ŒŒ fhej; paofs; ŒŒ b\\yd; bfy;yu; ? Mtu; 2. uh$k;fpU&z; dpd; gf[ Hb; gww; r@f ehty;fisg; glo; aypLf. ŒŒ fupg;g[ kzpfs; ŒŒ Fwp+;rpj;njd; ŒŒ miytha;f; fiuapy; ŒŒ nrww; py; kdpjuf; s; ŒŒ ntUfF; ePu; ? MfpaitahFk; www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 309 3. vk;.v!;. Rgg; y[ lR; kp jd; ,irjj; pwid vkb; khHpfspbyyy; hk; btspgg; Lj;jpdhu;> jkpH;/ bjY=F; / rk!f; pUjk;/ fdd; lk;/ kiyahsk;/ ,e;jp/ kuhj;jp/ F$uhj;jp Mfpa ,ej; pa bkhHpfspy; ghoa[s;shu;. M=f; pyjj; pYk; ghoa[s;shu.; 4. fpU&z; kk; hs; fsgg; zpgu[ pej; ,aff; =f; s; ahit> ŒŒ xj;JiHahik ,aff; k; ŒŒ rll; kWgg; [ ,aff; k; ŒŒ bts;isand btspnaW ,af;fk; ŒŒ g{jhd ,af;fk; ŒŒ cGgtUf;nf epy cupik ,aff; k; Mfpatww; py; gzpg[upe;jhu;. 5. fs+;rpak; kfspu; FG @yk; bra;ag;gl;l gzpfs; ahit> ŒŒ tptrha epyji; j Fj;jiffF; vLj;jy;. ŒŒ TypntiyfF; Ml;fisr; nru;j;jy;. ŒŒ mtu;fs; @yk; elt/[ fisbaLg;g[/ mWtil ntiyfisr; bra;jy.; ŒŒ Typia ruprkkhfg; gpupjJ; f; bfhLjj; y;. ŒŒ tajhdtu;/ khw;Wj;jpwdhspfSf;F cjt[jy; MfpaitahFk;. 6. kfspu; FG@yk; bra;agg; ll; gzpfs; ahit> ŒŒ tptrha epyj;ij Fj;jiff;F vLj;jy.; ŒŒ Typntiyf;F Mlf; isr; nruj; j; y.; ŒŒ mtuf; s; @yk; elt[/ fisbaLg;g[/ mWtil ntiyfisr; bra;jy;. ŒŒ Typia ruprkkhfg; gpupj;Jf; bfhLjj; y;. ŒŒ tajhdtu;/ khwW; j;jpwdhspfSf;F cjt[jy; MfpaitahFk.; fw;git fw;wgpd; gff; k:; 175 1. c=;fs; Cupy; fod ciHgg; hsu; ? rpwg;gk[ pff; tu; ? nghww; jj; ff; tu; ? vdw; epiyfspy; eP=f; s; ,ay; 7 fUJfpd;w bgzf; s; bjhlug; hd bra;jpfisj; bjhFjJ; tH=;Ff. fod ciHg;ghsu; (khiyapy; g{ tpwg; tu/; tlP L; ntiy brag; tu;) v=f; s; Cupy; tpkyh vd;bwhU bgzk; zp ,Ue;jhu.; khiyapy; g{ tpwg; hu;/ tPl;L ntiy bra;thu;. mtu; fy;tpahsnuh/ vGj;jhsnuh/ nghuhl;lf;fhunuh myy; u.; fod ciHgg; hsu;. vtt; hbwdpy/; jpUkzkhd ehs; Kjy; fztuhy; gy ,d;dy;fisj; Jd;g=;fis mDgtpjj; njhL/ ,skt; ajpnyna tpjita[khfp r@f mtyj;Jf;Fk;/ cs;shdhu.; Jd;g=;fisg; bgww; mtu; `Jd;gk~; JiljJ; }d;Wk; J}zhf khwpdhu;. ciHg;ig klL; k; @yjdkhff; bfhzl; hu.; ciHg;igna capu; @r;rha; khww; pdhu;. tPl;L ntiy Kjy; fpilf;Fk; ntiyfis vy;yhk; bra;J. jd; gps;isfspd; fy;tpf; fzf; isj; jpwe;jhu;. xU FHe;ijia kUj;Jtuhft[k; kw;bwhU FHe;ijiag; bghwpahsuhftk[ ; khww; pa tpkyh ciHgg; pd; ,yff; zkhfj; jpfH;ej; hu.; www.tnpscjob.com

310 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ rpwg;g[kpff; tu; (eu;jj; fp eluh$); kJiu khefupy; gpweJ; / cyfpd; gyn; tW gFjpf;Fr; brdW; jd; fiyia elj;jp rpwg;g[ bra;jtu; eu;j;jfp eluh$.; ,tu; ahu; vdw; hy; ekfF; k; ek; vz;z=f; s; vyy; hk; rpjWk.; ,tu; xU @dw; hk; ghypdj;jtu.; bry;tf; FLkg; jj; py; gpwej; ,tu; bgw;nwhuhy; btWff; g;gl;L/ jd; Mrpupauhy; <u;ff; g;glL; / mtuplnk FUFyKiwapy; gujf; fiyia fw;wtu;. jd; Mrpupauhy; euj; ;jfp vd;W miHff; gg; ll; ,tu; 30 MzL; fshf jd; gujf; fiyia cyf mu=f; py; elj;jp 2019?Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpah ,tUfF; gjk; _ tpUjspj;jJ. kdpj ,dj;jpy; kw;wtuhy; jhk; btWff; gg; l;lhYk; jd;idak[ ;/ jkpHupd; gujff; iyiaak[ ; cyfpw;Ff; bfhzL; brd;w rpwgg; [kpf;ftu; eu;j;jfp eluh$; nghww; j;jff; tu; (rhiy Xuk; cztfk; eljJ; gtu); nfhit ngqu; gFjpapy; trpfF; k/; ghlo; bgau; brhdd; hny midtUf;Fk; bjupa[k.; me;j mst[f;F ,ly; pahy; gf[ H; bgww; tu;. ,dW; k; xU qghaf; F; Mtp gwf;Fk; ,l;yp tpw;gtu.; ey;y Ritahd rld; pnahL 80 tajpYk; ,yhgj;ij nehf;fhky; gyupd; grpahw;wpatu;. mtu; njitia Ml;rpau; nfll; hYk; vJtk[ ; ntzl; hk; vd;ghu;. Ml;rpau; mtUf;F gpujhd; kej; pup Mth!; nah$dh tPLk/; muR mtiu bfsutpjJ; k; tUfpwJ. xU qgha; ,ly; pahy; Xuhapuk; nfho kf;fshy; nghww; g;gLgtu;. ,ay; 7  www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 311 ,ay; ehL fw;fz;L 7 g[wg;bghUs; ,yf;fzk; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; gyt[s; bjupf 1. ,U ehl;L muru;fSk; Jki; gg; g{itrN; og; nghupLtjd; fhuzk; ________. m) ehl;ilf; ifg;gw;wy; M) Mepiu ftu;jy; ,) typikia epiyehll; y; <) nfhli; lia KwW; ifaply;  [tpil: ,) typikia epiyehll; y]; FWtpdh 1. g[wjj; pizfspy; vjpbujpu;j; jpizfis mll; tizgg; LjJ; f. btlr; pj; jpiz × fuei; jj; jpiz t+;rpj; jpiz × fh+;rpj; jpiz behrr; pj; jpiz × cHpi+j; jpiz rpWtpdh 1. mtej; p ehlL; kd;dd;/ kUj ehlL; kdd; Dld; nghu; g[upe;J mee; hl;ilf; ifgg; w;w ,ay; 7 epidff; pwhd;\" mg;nghu; epfHi; tg; gw[ gb; ghUs; btz;gh khiy TWk; ,yff; zj;jpd; tHp tpsfF; f. ŒŒ ,e;epfH;t[fF; g; bghUjj; khd jpiz `t+;rpjj; piz~ MFk;. ŒŒ kz;zhir fhuzkhfg; giftu; ehl;ilf; ifgg; ww; f; fUjp t+r; pg;g{itr; Nog; nghUf;Fr; bryt; J t+;rpjj; pizahFk.; ŒŒ mtej; p ehlL; kdd; d;/ kUj ehlL; kd;dDld; gifbfhz;L nghu; gu[ peJ; kUj ehli; lf; ifgg; w;w epidg;gjhy; ,ee; pfH;t[ `t+;rpjj; pizf;Fg;~ bghUe;jp tUfpwJ. TLjy; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. g[wk; gw;wpa bewpfisf; TWtJ ________. m) g[wjj; piz M) gw[ ehD}W ,) gjpw;Wgg; jJ; <) gupghly; [tpil: m) gw[ j;jpiz] www.tnpscjob.com

312 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 2. gw[ jj; pizfs; vjj; id tifgg; Lk>; m) xdg; J M) gjpbdhdW; ,) gd;dpuzL; <) gjp@d;W [tpil: ,) gd;dpuzL; ] 3. btlr; pg; g{ ,dW; vt;thW miHff; gg; LfpwJ> m) ky;ypifgg; { M) ,ly; pg;g{ ,) r=F; g;g{ <) cd;dpgg; { [tpil: M) ,ly; pg;g{] 4. xU jiyff; hkj;ijf; FwpfF; k; jpiz ________. m) bgUe;jpiz M) bghJtpay; ,) ifff; pis <) bfhilia [tpil: ,) ifff; pis] 5. `thif~ vdg; J vjidf; FwpfF; k>; m) nghu; M) btw;wp ,) MepiukPll; y; <) kjpy; tisj;jy ; [tpil: M) btw;wp] 6. `behrr; p~ vee; pyjJ; fF; cupaJ ________. m) Fwp+r; p M) kUjk; ,) Kyi; y <) ghiy [tpil: M) kUjk]; 7. behrr; pg; g{it Nog; nghupLtJ ________. m) nfhl;iliaf; fhff; M) kdd; idf; fhf;f ,) Mepiuf; ftu <) typikia epiyehll;  [tpil: m) nfhli; liaf; fhff; ] 8. ghlhz; jpiz gpupj;J vGJf. m) ghlhz; + jpiz M) ghlhz; + Mz; + jpiz ,) ghL + Mz; + jpiz <) ghl + Mz; + jpiz [tpil:,)ghL+Mz+; jpiz] ,ay; 7 9. fh+;rp vdg; J xU tif ________. m) beLkuk; M) FWkuk; ,) FW+b; ro <) gj[ u;rb; ro [tpil: M) FWkuk]; 10. nghiuj; bjhl=;Fk; epfHt; hff; fUjgg; LtJ ________. m) nfhli; l tisj;jy; M) nghuply; ,) Mepiu ftuj; y; <) nfhli; l fhjj; y; [tpil: ,) Mepiu ftu;jy]; 11. kff; s; rpW FGf;fshf thH;e;j nghJ ________ brhjj; hff; fUjpdu;. m) nfhl;ilia M) Mepiufis ,) epyji; j <) tPuj;ij [tpil: M) Mepiufis] 12. kd;ddJ nghiu klL; k; brhyy; hJ gpw khzg; [fisak[ ; ghLk; jpiz ________. m) ghlhz; jpiz M) bghJtpay; jpiz ,) thifj; jpiz <) behr;rpj; jpiz [tpil: m) ghlhz; jpiz] 13. md;gpd; Ie;jpiz gw;wpaJ ________ MFk.; m) mfgb; ghUs ; M) gw[ g;bghUs; ,) Ez;bghUs; <) Itifepyk; [tpil: m) mfg;bghUs]; www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 313 14. ftu;eJ; bry;yg;gl;l Mepiufis kPlg; J ________. m) btl;rp M) t+r; p ,) fuei; j <) cHpi+ [tpil: ,) fuei; j] 15. bghUj;Jf. ? m) ftue; ;J bry;ygg; l;l Mepiu kPl;ly; 1. btlr; pj;jpiz ? M) kz;zhir fUjp gifehli; lf; ifgg; ww; nghuply; 2. fuei; jj;jpiz ? ,) ehl;ilf; ifg;gw;w tej; khww; urndhL vjpu; epdW; nghuply; 3. t+r; pjj; piz ? <) Mepiu ftuj; y; 4. fh+r; pjj; piz m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., [tpil: M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4.,] ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< 16. bghUj;Jf. m) nfhli; liaf; ftu nfhl;iliar; Rw;wp tisj;jy; 1. behrr; pjj; piz ? 2. cHpi+j;jpiz ? M) nfhl;iliaf; fhj;jy; ntzo; css; pUe;J nghuply; 3. Jki; gj;jpiz ? 4. thifjj; piz ? ,) ,UbgU ntej; Uk; tPuu;fSk; xUtnuhL xUtu; nghupLtJ m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., <) nghupy; btw;wp ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< [tpil: ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.<] 17. bghUjJ; f. 1. ghlhzj; piz ? m) btl;rp Kjy; ghlhz; tiu Twg;glhj bra;jpfs; 2. bghJtpay; jpiz ? M) MSikahsupd; fy;tp Kjyhdtwi; wg; gf[ H;e;J ghly; 3. iff;fpis ? ,) bghUe;jhf; fhkk; 4. bgUe;jpiz ? <) xUjiyf;fhkk; m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< [tpil: m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,] ,ay; 7 18. g{f;fs; ,lkb; gWk; g[wj;jpizfs; ________. m) 8 M) 12 ,) 6 <) 4 [tpil: m) 8] 19. g{f;fs; ,lkb; gwhj gw[ j;jpizfs; ________. m) 8 M) 12 ,) 6 <) 4 [tpil: <) 4] 20. mfj;jpizahf ,UeJ; g[wj;jpizahff; g;gll; jpizfs; ________. m) iff;fpis/ bgUe;jpiz M) bghJtpay/; ghlhz; ,) btlr; p/ fue;ij <) behrr; p/ cHpi+ [tpil: m) iff;fpis/ bgUe;jpiz] 21. Klf;fj;jhd; (Klf;bfhww; hd;) vd;gJ ________. m) cHpi+g; g{ M) Jki; gg; g{ ,) btlr; pg; g{ <) behr;rpg; g{ [tpil: m) cHpi+g; g{] 22. kUj epyj;jpw;Fupag; g{ ________. m) cHpi+g; g{ M) Jk;igg;g{ ,) btlr; pgg; { <) behr;rpgg; { [tpil: <) behrr; pg;g{] www.tnpscjob.com

314 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 23. bghUe;jhj ,iziaf; fzl; wpf. m) btlr; pj;jpiz ? Mepiu ftu;jy; M) fue;ijj;jpiz ? Mepiu kPl;ly; ,) t+r; pj;jpiz ? kz;zhir fhuzkhf nghu; <) fh+;rpj;jpiz ? nfhl;iliaf; fhj;jy; [tpil: <) fh+r; pj;jpiz ? nfhli; liaf; fhjj; y]; 24. bghUej; hj ,iziaf; fz;lwpf. m) fh+;rpjj; piz ? vjpuj; ;Jg; nghuply; M) behr;rpjj; piz ? nfhli; l fhj;jy; ,) cHpi+j;jpiz ? kjpy; tisj;jy; <) Jki; gjj; piz ? nghupy; btww; p [tpil: <) Jki; gjj; piz ? nghupy; btww; p] FWtpdh 1. gw[ g;bghUs; btzg; hkhiy Fwpg;gpLk; g[wjj; pizfs; ahit> ŒŒ btlr; p ŒŒ behr;rp ŒŒ ghlhz; ŒŒ bghJtpay; ŒŒ fue;ij ŒŒ cHpi+ ŒŒ ifff; pis ŒŒ bgUe;jpiz ŒŒ t+;rp ŒŒ Jk;ig ŒŒ fh+;rp ŒŒ thif 2. behrr; pg; g{f;fspd; tiffisf; Fwpgg; pLf. kzpbehr;rp/ fU behrr; p/ kiy behr;rp/ btz; behr;rp ? nghd;witahFk;. 3. Jk;igj; jpizia tpsfF; f. gif bfhzl; ntej; uf; s; ,UtUk; `jk; typikna bgupJ~ vdg; ij epiy ehlL; k; bghUlL; jk; tPuu;fSld; Jk;igg; g{r;No fsk; Fwpj;Jg; nghupLjy; MFk.; ,ay; 7 4. ghlhz; jpizia tpsfF; f. ŒŒ ghL + Mz; + jpiz vdg; gpupf;fgg; Lk;. ŒŒ ghlg;gLk; Mz;kfdJ/ fyt; p/ tPuk/; bry;tk/; gf[ H;/ <if Kjypatwi; wg; nghww; pg; ghLtJ. ŒŒ nghiu klL; k; brhyy; hJ xUtupd; gpw khz;gf[ isak[ ; Fwpgg; pLtnj ghlhz; jpizahFk;. 5. bghJtpay; jpizia tpsfF; f. btlr; p Kjy; ghlhz; tiu css; g[wj;jpizfspy; bghJthdtwi; wa[k/; mtw;Ws; Twg;glhjdtw;iwa[k; TWtJ bghJtpay; jpiz MFk.; 6. gw[ jj; piz vd;gJ ahJ > g[wk; gw;wpa bewpfisf; TWtJ gw[ j;jpizahFk.; 7. Mepiu ftuj; y; eilbgwf; fhuzk; ahJ> ŒŒ kff; s; rpW FGf;fshf thH;e;j fhyj;jpy;/ Mepiufis (khLfis) brhjj; hff; fUjpdu;. ŒŒ xU FGtpdu; kwb; whU FGtpdu; Mepiufisf; ftuj; y; tHff; khapw;W. ŒŒ nghiuj; bjhl=;Fk; epfHt; hf Mepiu ftu;jy; nkw;bfhss; g;gll; J. 8. nghupLk; muruf; s; ,UtUk; xnu tifg; g{itr; NLtu; ? vg;nghJ> vt;tifgg; {> gif kdd; u; ,UtUk; typik bgupJ vd;W epiyehl;l/ jk; tPuuf; Sld; Jki; gg; g{itr; www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 315 Nog; nghupLtu.; 9. g{f;fs; ,lkb; gWk; g[wj;jpizfs; vj;jid > mit ahit> g{f;fs; ,lk;bgWk; g[wjj; pizfs; : vlL; ŒŒ btl;rpg;g{ ? btl;rpj;jpiz ŒŒ behr;rpg;g{ ? behrr; pjj; piz ŒŒ fue;ijg; g{ ? fuei; jj; jpiz ŒŒ cHpi+gg; { ? cHpi+jj; piz ŒŒ t+r; pg;g{ ? t+r; pjj; piz ŒŒ Jki; gg;g{ ? Jki; gj;jpiz ŒŒ fh+;rpgg; { ? fh+;rpj;jpiz ŒŒ thifgg; { ? thifjj; piz 10. g{f;fs; ,lk;bgwhj gw[ j;jpizfs; vj;jid> mit ahit> g{ff; s; ,lkb; gwhj g[wjj; pizfs; : ehd;F. mit: ghlhz; jpiz/ bghJtpay; jpiz/ iff;fpis/ bgUe;jpiz 11. bjhyf; hgg; pau; fhyj;jpy; mfjj; pizahf ,Ue;J g[wjj; pizahf;fgg; l;l jpizfs; ahit> ifff; pis/ bgUe;jpiz. 12. kjpy; nghu; gw;wpa jpizfs; ahit> behrr; pj;jpiz/ cHpi+j;jpiz. 13. Mepiu gw;wpa jpizfs; ahit> btl;rpj;jpiz/ fue;ijjj; piz. 14. vjpu; vjpu; g[wjj; pizfs; ahit> ŒŒ fh+;rpjj; p; iz (vjpu;nghuply); ŒŒ behrr; pjj; piz (nfhli; l fhjj; y;) ŒŒ btlr; pj;jpiz (ftu;jy;) ŒŒ cHpi+j;jpiz (nfhl;il Kw;Wifaply); ŒŒ fuei; jjj; piz (kPll; y); ŒŒ t+r; pj;jpiz (kz;zhir fUjpg; nghuply); 15. btw;wpg;g{ vJ> btww; pgg; { : thif ,ay; 7 nghupy; btw;wp bgw;w kd;dDfF; thifg;g{ No kfpHt; u.; 16. fy;tp/ bryt; k/; tuP k; Kjypatw;iwg; g[fH;e;J ghLk; g[wj;jpiz vJ> ghlhz; jpiz. 17. gw[ g;bghUs; gw;wp ciuahoatu;fs; ahtu;> ŒŒ fps;sptstd; : KJfiyj; jkpH; ,yff; pak; gapYk; khztu; ŒŒ nruyhjd; : gjj; hk; tFg;g[ khztu; 18. ghzl; tu;fSfF; k; bfsutuf; SfF; k; bgUk;nghu; elf;fpdw; J. ,jidg; gw[ g;bghUs; btzg; h khiy TWk; ,yf;fzk; tHp tpsfF; f. g[wg;bghUs; btzg; h khiy TWk; ,yf;fzk; : gifkd;du; ,UtUk; typik bgupJ vd;W epiyehll; / jk; tPuuf; Sld; Jk;iggg; {itr; Nog; nghupLtu;. ,J Jk;igj; jpiz. tpsff; k; : ghzl; tu;fSf;Fk; bfsutu;fSfF; k; j=f; s; typik bgupJ vd;W epiyehl;l/ jk; tPuu;fSld; nghupLtjhy;/ ,jidj; Jk;igj; jpizahff; bfhss; yhk;. www.tnpscjob.com

316 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 19. kiyg;gFjpapy; mupajhff; fpilf;Fk; beyy; pff; dp. mJ ezP ;l Ma[s; jUk.; mjpand ePtpu; cz;zhJ. vk; rhjy; xHpa bfhLjj; bgUkfnd vd;W thHj; J; fpwhu; xsitahu;. ,jidg; gw[ gb; ghUs; btz;gh khiy TWk; ,yff; zk; tHp tpsf;Ff. g[wg;bghUs; btz;ghkhiy TWk; ,yff; zk; : ghLtjw;Fj; jFjp cila Xu; MSikahsupd; fyt; p/ tPuk;/ bryt; k;/ g[fH;/ fUiz Kjypatw;iwg; nghww; pgg; hLtJ ghlhz; jpizahFk;. tpsf;fk ; : mjpakhdpd; g[fiH xsitahu; ghLtjhy/; ,BJ ghlhz; jpizahFk;. rpWtpdh 1. gw[ jj; piz vj;jid tifgg; Lk>; mit ahit> tpsf;Ff. gw[ j;jpiz 12 tifg;gLk;. mit: ŒŒ btlr; pjj; piz ? epiu ftu;jy; ŒŒ fuei; jjj; piz ? epiu kPll; y; ŒŒ t+;rpjj; piz ? t+r; pg;g{ No nghUf;Fr; bryY; jy; ŒŒ fh+;rpjj; piz ? fh+r; pg;g{ No vjpuj; ;Jg; nghuply; ŒŒ behr;rpjj; piz ? nfhli; liaf; fhff; cs;spUeJ; nghupLjy; ŒŒ cHpi+j;jpiz ? nfhl;iliaf; ifg;gw;w Rw;wp tisjj; y;. ŒŒ Jk;igj;jpiz ? typikia epiyehll; fsk; FwpjJ; g; nghupLjy; ŒŒ thifj;jpiz ? nghupy; btw;wp bgww; td; thif No kfpHj; y; ŒŒ ghlhz;jpiz ? nghiu kl;Lk; brhy;yhJ kdd; dpd; nguhz;ikfisg; ghLtJ ŒŒ bghJtpay ; ? gw[ j;jpizfspy; bghJthdtw;iwak[ ;/ mtw;Ws; Twg;glhjdtw;iwak[ ; TWtJ. ,ay; 7 ŒŒ iff;fpis bgUej; piz ? xUjiyff; hkk; ŒŒ bgUe;jpiz ? bghUe;jhff; hkk; bkhHpia Ms;nthk; gf;fk;: 180 bkhHpbgau;f;f. Among the five geographical divisions of the Tamil country in Sangam literature, the Marutam region was the fit for cultivation, as it had the most fertile lands. The property of a farmer depended on getting the necessary sunlight, seasonal rains and the fertility of the soil. Among these elements of nature, sunlight was considered indispensable by the ancient Tamils. tpil: kUj epyk; gzi; la r=f; ,yff; pa fhyjj; py;/ g{nfhs mogg; ilapy; (epy mikg;gg[ ;go) jkpH;ehL Ie;J tifahf ,Uej; J. mtwW; s; kUj epygg; Fjpna cHt[j; bjhHpYfF; Vww; jha; ,Uej; J. me;j epyg;gFjpapy; tptrhapfs; (cHtuf; s); gadb; gWk; tifahd njitahd gUt fhy=;fs; rpwej; pUej; J. njitahd Nupa btgg; k/; tskhd epyk/; nghJkhd mst[ kiHa[k; ,Uej; J. mjdhy; tptrhak; brHpjj; J. kUj epyjj; pd; ,awi; ff; TWfshYk/; nghJkhd Nupa btg;gj;jpdhYk; gHej; kpHfj;jpy; kUjepyj;jpy; cHt[j;bjhHpy; rpwej; pUe;jJ. www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 317 gpd;tUk; bjhlu;fisf; bfhz;L bghUj;jkhd bjhlu; mikf;f. tugn; ghfpnwd;/ ,yy; hky; ,Uf;fpwJ/ bfh+;rk; mjpfk/; KdD; fF; g; gpd;/ kwff; epidff; pnwd;. tugn; ghfpnwd; vd; ez;gd; ,dD; k; rpwpJ neujj; py; tug;nghfpnwd; vd;whd;. ,y;yhky; ,Uff; pwJ v=;fs; ehL g+r; k; ,y;yhky; ,Uf;fpwJ. bfh+r; k; mjpfk; r=f; fhyjj; py; kd;du;fSf;F fhjYk; tPuKk; bfh+;rk; mjpfkhfnt ,Uej; J. KdD; fF; g; gpd; Kd;DfF; g; gpd; Kuzhfg; ngRtJ ed;wdW; . kwff; epidff; pnwd;. vdf;F gpof;fhj epfH;tf[ is kwf;f epidf;fpnwd;. bjhifr; brhw;fisg; gpupj;J vGjp/ jkpH; vz;QU jUf. @nte;juf; shy; ehw;wpirak[ ; nghww; p tsuf; f; g;gll; Kj;jkpnH/ cyf bkhHpfspy; cau;ej; bjd;w brk;khe;j Tww; pwF; / jkpH; ,yf;fpa=f; spy; mike;Js;s ,Ujpiz mikgn; g fhuzkhFk.; Kg;ghiy KGikahfj; je;j jkpHpd; rpwgg; pid Iej; pizfspy; mHFw tpsfF; git r=;f ,yff; pa=;fs;. ehdpyj;jpy; grpj;jtuf; ;F mWRit cztn[ ghy; gj;Jg;ghl;Lk; vlL; jb; jhifa[k; gogg; tuf; F; kdjpw;fpdpik <e;J jkpHg; b; gUik rhwW; fpwJ. bjhifr; brhwf; s; bjhifr; brhwf; s; vz;QU ehw;wpir : ehd;F + jpir (ehd;F ? ௪) fpHfF; / nkwF; / bjwF; / tlfF; . Kj;jkpH; : @d;W + jkpH; (@dW; ? ௩) ,ay;jkpH;/ ,irj;jkpH/; ehlfj;jkpH.; ,ay; 7 ,Ujpiz : ,uz;L + jpiz (,uz;L ? ௨) cau;jpiz/ mBwpiz. Kg;ghy; : @d;W + ghy; (@dW; ? ௩) mwj;Jg;ghy/; bghUlg; hy/; ,dg; jJ; gg; hy.; Iej; piz : Ie;J + jpiz (IeJ; ? ௫) Fwp+r; p/ Kyi; y/ kUjk;/ beaj; y/; ghiy. mWRit : mW + Rit (MW ? ௬) ,dpg;g/[ g[spg;g[/ fhu;g;g/[ frgg; /[ ctug; g; [ (fupgg; [)/ Jtu;g;g[. fojk; vGJf. ehspjH; xd;wpd; bgh=f; y; kyupy; `cHt[j; bjhHpYf;F tej; id bran; thk;~ vd;w c=;fs; fl;Liuia btspapl ntzo; mee; hspjH; MrpupaUfF; f; fojk; vGJf. mDgg; [eu; Mu.; ,uhftd/; 16/ bgupafiltPjp/ kJiu. www.tnpscjob.com

318 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ bgWeu; Mrpupau; mtuf; s/; `fdy~; ehspjH;/ kJiu. bghUs:; flL; iu btspapl ntzL; jy; ? bjhlu;ghf. kjpgg; pwF; upa Iah/ j=;fs; ehspjHpd; rhu;ghf bgh=;fy; gz;oifia xl;o btspapLk; bgh=f; y; kyUf;fhf cHtj[ ; bjhHpYfF; tej; id bra;nthk; vdD; k; jiygg; py; fl;Liu xd;W vGjpas[ n; sd.; mff; l;Liuiaj; j=f; s; mYtyfjJ; f;F mDg;gpas[ n; sd.; jh=;fs; mff; l;Liuiaj; j=f; s; ehspjH; rhug; hf btspapLk; bgh=;fy; rpwg;g[ kyupy; vd; fl;Liuak[ ; btsptu Mtd bra;a[k;go gzptd;g[ld; nfl;Lf; bfhsf; pnwd.; edw; p- ,lk; : kJiu ,gg; ofF; / j=;fs; czi; ka[ss; / ehs ; : 8.3.2020   Mu;. ,uhftd;. ciwnky; Kftup: bgWeu; Mrpupau; mtuf; s/; `fdy~; ehspjH; mYtyfk;/ kJiu ? 10. ftpijia ciuahlyhf khw;Wf. ftpij ciuahly; ,ay; 7 kfs; mk;kh vd; fhJf;bfhU njhL ? eP mkk; h- vd; fhJf;F xU njhL brhy;Yfpwhs; mtrpak; th=;fp teJ; nghL- th=;fpj; jh=f; kk; h- njhL ,yy; hky; Rkk; h ,Uf;f KoahJ ? ehd; btW=f; hnjhL vdd; hy; ,Uff; brhy;yp tpln; ld; cdf;F KoahJ... brhy;ypln; ld.; ,g;nghJ- j ha; fhJfF; f; fk;ky; mHfdW; ? ehd; fhjpw;Fj; j=;ff; fkk; y; kl;Lk; brhyY; fpwhs; fHWtijf; ftdp edW; mHF fpilahJ. ehd; brhyt; ijf; ePju; bkhHpia btFgzptha; ? ftdpjJ; gzpthd brhw;fisak[ ; epjk; eyy; fUjJ; fisa[k; cd; fhJfSfF; eP nflL; te;J fhjpy; mzptha-; mzpahf mzpeJ; bfhs.; kfs; nkYk; iff;fpuz;L tisay; tPjk; ? eP iffF; ,uzL; tisay;fs; fld; brhy;Yfpwhs; fld;glL; g; nghlo; oDk; th=f; pahtJ vdfF; th=f; pjj; h mk;kh nghJk-; gf;fp tisay; ,y;iyah? vdW; gff; pbad; bwd;id bay;nyhUk; gss; papy; vd;idf; nfyp bra;fpwhuf; s;. ?vd; ghlrhiyapw; brhy;y neUk;- www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 319 jha; brhy;Yk; thuh tpUe;J te;j fisapy;?mtu; kfns..... eki; kj; njo tUk; rkhjhdk; kfpH cgrupj;jhy; tisay;- tpUej; pdiu kfpH;rr; pa[ld; cgrupjj; ny MuhtKnj kjp Jy=;F ? tisay; .... mwpthue; ;j kfns nfs;... bgzn; z mtuf; s; brhy;Yk; tisay.; .. cdf;F mtub; rhy;t Jd;iffl;F if tpy=;F. tpy=F; - gpdD; k; kfs; Mguz=;fs; ,y;iy ahdhy; ? mzpfydf; s; ,y;yhky; bjUtpy; vd;id nghdhy; vd;id ahu; jhd; kjpgg; hu>; ahu; kjpg;ghu; bjUtpy; nghdhy>; ,ijr; brhd;dhy; cdfF; f; nfhgk; nfhgnkh mkk; h ,ijr; brhd;dhy; tUfpwJ. vd; Fiwia ePf;f khl;lha;... ? vd; Fiwjtpuf; ;f Koa[k; mjwF; j; jha:; fwg; J bgz;fSf;fh guhzk; ? fy;tpjhd; bgz;fSfF; czi; kahd bfk;gf[ ; mzpfyd;\" khzpff; f;fy; itj;j fyi; tj;j/ eifjPuhj uzk-; mzpfyd; jPuhj uzji; jna jUk; fww; bgzf; is ,ej; ehL?jd; kfns\" fy;tp vd;Dk; mzpfyd; fz;zpy; xw;wpf; bfhsS; kd; mzpe;j bgzf; is ,ee; hL nghL- fz;Qf;Fs; itjJ; g; nghw;Wk; ? ghujpjhrd; vdg; ij czu;e;Jbfhs;. bkhHpnahL tpisahL gf;fk;: 181 Cu;g;bgau;fspd; kqcit vGJf. j+;rht{u; j+i; r gJ[ rn; rup gJ[ it ,ay; 7 g[Jfn; fhl;il gJ[ if Fk;gnfhzk; Flei; j jpUr;rpuhgg; s;sp jpUrr; p jpUbey;ntyp bey;iy cjfkzl; yk; cjif kdd; hu;Fo kdi; d nfhak;gj[ ;J}u; nfhit kapyhgg; {u; kapiy ehfgg; l;odk; ehif irjhgn; gli; l irij glk; jUk; bra;jpiag; gj;jpahfj; jUf. bra;jp : gif bfhz;l ntwW; ehlL; kd;did vjpu;jJ; g; nghupl t+r; pg;g{ No btdn; w jPUnthk; vd Fjpiug;gil/ fhyhlg; il/ahidgg; ilnahLKdn; dwpr;bryY; k;17Mk; E}ww; hz;Lr; Rtnuhtpak; MFk;. mfuhjpapy; fhz;f. kpupay ; ? kpsF tUj;jid ? gpiHgg; /[ bjhHpy;/ bgUFjy/; khdpa cupik/ rk;gsk.; mjrp ? rzy; Jup+;rpy ; ? btsthyt; if/ rPf;fupkuk; www.tnpscjob.com

320 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ fhl;rpiaf; fz;L ftpDw vGJf. fpHfF; btSjj; J bghGJ g[yue; ;jJ miuFiw cwff; jj; pYk; vGej; hd; Mut; j;njhL njhspny Vww; pdhd; Vupid..... rej; jpfs; brHpjJ; tsu grpjj; tDf;Fg; grpahww; ..... gfytid tz=;fp czitg; gilf;f g[wg;glL; tpll; hd.; miu eput; hzj;njhL..... fiyr;brhw;fs; mwpnthk;. ŒŒ Consulate - JizjJ; }jufk; ŒŒ Guild - tzpff;FG ŒŒ Patent - fhgg; [upik ŒŒ Irrigation - ghrdk; ŒŒ Document - Mtzk; ŒŒ Territory - epygg; Fjp epwf; mjw;Fj; jf ,ay; 7 murhy; epWtg;gLk; fll; l=;fspYk; rpiyfspYk; epWtpatu; bgau/; epWtgg; ll; fhyk;/ nehff; k; rhue; j; gpw braj; pfSk; jh=;fpa fyb; tl;Lfisg; ghuj; j; pUgg; Puf; s.; ,it ekJ ,di; wa tuyhwi; wg; gy[ g;gLjJ; git. mJnghynt nfhtpy;fspYk; gHikahd epidtr[ ; rpdd; =f; spYk; fl;oatuf; s; bgauf; Sk; tuyhWk; ,lkb; gww; pUf;Fk;. mit ek; gHk;bgUikiaak[ ; tuyhwi; wak[ ; mwpar; bra;a[k; mupa Mtz=;fs; vd;W mwptPu;fs;jhnd> ,tw;iwg; guhkupff; t[k/; ghJfhff; tk[ ; c=;fshy; ,ad;w brayf; s;. f yb; tl;Lfspd; tHp mwpayhFk; mtw;wpd; kjpgi; gf; Fiwf;Fk; go vJtk[ ; braj; pfis vd; ez;guf; Sf;Ff; Tw mDkjpff; khln; ld;. TWntd;. t uyhwW; rhrdk; vd;gij czur; fyb; tl;Lfisf; FwpjJ; mtuf; isg; bra;ntd.; bgUkpjk; milar; bran; td;. f y;btlL; TWk; ,yff; pa/ fiy tuyhwi; w kf;fs; mwpar; bra;ntd;. fy;btlL; kdd; u;fisg; gpdg; w;wp ehlL; g;gw;iw tsu;f;fyhk; vd;gij czuj; J; ntd;.  www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 321 ,ay; mwk; ciueil cyfk; 8 r=;f ,yf;fpaj;jpy; mwk; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. nkdi; k jUk; mwk; vdg; J __________. m) ifkk; hW fUjhky; mwk; brat; J. M) kWgpwgg; py; gad; bgwyhk; vdw; nehff; py; mwk; bra;tJ. ,) g[fH; fUjp mwk; bra;tJ. <) gjpYjtp bgWtjwf; hf mwk; brat; J. [tpil: m) ifk;khW fUjhky; mwk; bra;tJ.] 2. cyfnk tWika[w;whYk; bfhLgg; td; vdW; k;/ bghUsf; spd; ,Ug;igfT; l mwpahky; bfhLgg; td; vd;Wk; ghuhll; g;gLnthu; __________. m) cjpad;\" nruyhjd ; M) mjpad\"; bgU+;rhj;jd; ,) ngfd;\" fpss; ptstd ; <) beL+;brHpad;\" jpUKof;fhup [tpil: M) mjpad;\" bgU+;rhjj; d]; FWtpdh 1. Fwpgg; [ tiuf: mitak.; ,ay; 8 ŒŒ mwk; TWk; kd;w=;fs; murdpd; Mlr; pf;Fj; Jizgu[ pe;jd. ŒŒ ``mwk; mwf;fzl; bewpkhd; mitak~; ~ vd;fpwJ g[wehD}W. ciwa{upypUej; mitak; jdpr;rpwg;g[g; bgww; J. ŒŒ kJiuapypUe;j mitak; gw;wp kJiuf; fh+;rp Fwpgg; pLfpwJ. ŒŒ kJiu mitak; Jyhfn; fhy; nghy; eLepiy kpff; J. rpWtpdh 1. r=;f ,yf;fpa=;fs; fhlL; k; mw=;fs; ,di; wfF; k; njitahditna vdg; jw;Fr; rpy vLjJ; ff; hlL; fs; jUf. r=;f ,yff; pa=;fs; fhl;Lk; mw=f; s;/ xU kdpjd; jdpahft[k;/ r@f cWgg; pduhftk[ ; ,a=;Ftjw;Fk;/ mtdJ gzg; [ eyid cUthfF; tjwF; k; cjtf[ pwJ. murpay; mwk;: ``mwbewp Kjwn; w murpd; bfhww; k;~~ ePu; epiyiag; bgUff; p/ epytsk; fzL; / cztg[ ; bgUff; k; fhz;gJk;/ mjid midtUfF; k;fpilff; r;brat; Jk;murdpd;mwk;.,tt; wk;,di; waNHypy;fhzgg; LfpwJ. www.tnpscjob.com

322 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ tzpfj;jpy; mwk;: ``mwtpiy tzpfd; Mma; myy; d~; ~ mwk; bra;tjpy; tzpf nehf;fk; ,Uj;jy; TlhJ. nehf;fkpd;wp mwk; brat; nj tzpf mwdpd; nkdi; kahFk.; nghu; mwk;: jkpHu;nghu;brat; jpYk;mwbewpcilatuf; shf,Uej; du.; nghu;mwk;vdg; J/tPukwn; whu;/ rpwhu/; Kjpnahu; nghdw; tiu vjpu;jJ; nghu; bra;ahky; ,Ugg; J. cjtp brat; jpy; mwk:; ŒŒ g pwUfF; cjtp brat; ij mwkhff; fUjpdu.; mjhtJ/ jd;idj; jhzo; gpwiug; gw;wpr; rpej; pf;Fk; epiy. ŒŒ `gpiHah edb; khHp~ vd;W eww; piza[k; TWfpwJ. ŒŒ epyk; bgau;e;jhYk; bgha; brhy;yf; TlhJ. bka;ngRk; ehnt kdpjid cauj; ;Jk;. ŒŒ r=;f ,yf;fpa=;fs; fhl;Lk; mwk; xU kdpjd; jdpahft[k/; r@f cWg;gpduhftk[ ; ,a=;FtjwF; g; gzg; [ eynd fhuzk; vdW; r=f; ,yff; pak; @ykhf mwpa KofpwJ. ,Wjpahf/ r=;f ,yff; pa=;fs; fhl;Lk; mw=;fs; ,di; wa kdpjDf;F mogg; ilahftk[ ;/ tHpfhlL; jyhftk[ ; cs;sJ. beLtpdh ,ay; 8 1. gs;spj; jplypy; fple;j gzgi; gia cupatuplk; xgg; iljj; ijak[ /; mjw;Fg; ghuhl;Lg; bgw;wijak[ ; gww; p btspa{upy; ,UfF; k; cwtpdu; xUtUf;Ff; fojk; vGJf. cwtpdUf;F kly; jpUr;rp/ 18.03.2020 md;g[ss; rpjj; gg; htpw;F ,uF vGJtJ/ eyk.; eyk; mwpa Mty.; ehd; ,dW; kpf;f kfpHr; r; papy; ,Uff; pnwd;. Vd; bjupa[kh> newW; tFg;g[ KoeJ; btspna te;J bfhzo; Ue;njd.; mg;nghJ gss; pjj; plypy; xU gzg;ig fplej; J. mjpy; mjpfkhd gzk; ,Ue;jJ. xU epkplk; gak-; Inah- ,t;tst[ gzk; ,Uf;fpwnj. igia vLjJ; f; bfhz;L jiyik Mrpupauplk; brd;nwd;. mtu; mYtyf CHpau; fll; zk; tNypjj; gzk; ,Urff; u thfdj;jpy; vLj;Jr; bryY; kn; ghJ jtw tplL; tpll; hu; vd;whu.; jiyik Mrpupau; kpft[k; kfpH;ej; hu.; vd; neui; kiaak[ /; fzz; pakhd braiyak[ ; ghuhl;odhu.; `gpwu; bghUSfF; Mirgg; lhj cd;idg; ghuhl;ona jPu ntz;Lk; vd;W/ kWehns fhiy ,iwtzf;ff; Tl;lj;jpy; khztu;fs; kjj; papy; vd; neu;ikiag; ghuhl;o/ rd;khdj; bjhifiag; guprhft[k; tH=;fpdhu.; mJ kl;Lkpy;yhky; vd;idg; gs;sp khztu; jiytuhff; pdhu;. neui; kfF; vgn; ghJk; caut; [ czL; vdW; Twp/ mjw;F `,uFnt~ rhd;W vd;W vd;idg; ghuhlo; dhu.; ,ee; pfH;tpd; kfpH;r;rpia c=;fSlDk;/ rpjj; p/ j=;ifa[lDk; ,ff; ojk; @yk; gfpue; J; bfhst; jw;F kfpHf; pnwd.; www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 323 ,g;gofF; /  j=;fs; md;gs[ ;s/ ,uF.k. ciwnky; Kftup: bgWeu; r. ,utp/ 11/ ghujp efu;/ nfhit ? 2. TLjy; tpdhf;fs; gyt[s; bjupf 1. r=f; fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpei; jaf; fhyk; __________. m) mwbewpf; fhyk; M) kdd; u; fhyk; ,) gfj; pf; fhyk; <) rkaf; fyg;gpy;yhf; fhyk ; [tpil: m) mwbewpf; fhyk]; 2. r=f; ,yf;fpaj;ijg; gw;wp `ftpij thHf; ;ifapd; jpwdhat; ~[ vdw; tu; __________. m) $p.a{. nghg; M) Mu;dhyL; ,) fhyL; bty ; <) tPukhKdptu; [tpil: M) Mud; hyL; ] 3. r=f; g; ghlypy; mwk; gw;wpa fUj;Jfs; ahiu Kjd;ikg;gLjj; pna Twgg; LfpwJ> m) tPuu;fis M) kff; is ,) mikr;ruf; is <) muru;fis [tpil: <) muruf; is] 4. kJiuapd; mitak; gww; pf; Fwpg;gpLk; E}y; __________. m) rpyg;gjpfhuk ; M) kJiuff; h+;rp ,) gupghly; <) kJiu Kkk; zpfn; fhit [tpil: M) kJiuff; h+r; p] ,ay; 8 5. cjtp braj; iy `cjtpahzi; k~ vd;W Fwpgg; pll; tu; __________. m) <Hj;Jg; g{jd; njtdhu; M) eff; Puu; ,) jpUKoff; hup <) fgpyu; [tpil: m) <HjJ; g; g{jd; njtdhu]; 6. `,ug;nghu;fF; <ahJ thHt; ij tpl capu; Jwgg; J nkyhdJ~ vdW; TWk; mfE}y; __________. m) fypj;bjhif M) FWeb; jhif ,) I=;FWE}W <) gupghly ; [tpil: m) fypjb; jhif] 7. ngfd;/ kWik nehf;fpf; bfhLf;fhjtu; vdW; ghuhl;oatu; __________. m) fgpyu; M) xsitahu; ,) ef;fPuu; <) guzu; [tpil: <) guzu]; 8. `ts;sypd; bghUs/; ,utydpd; bghUs;~ ? vd;wtu; __________. m) eff; Puu ; M) fgpyu; ,) bgUk;gJkdhu; <) ey;ntll; dhu; [tpil: ,) bgUk;gJkdhu]; 9. `epiwtilfpwtnd bryt; d;~ vd;W TWk; jj;Jtk; __________. m) khnthtpak; M) jhnthtpak; ,) bgsj;jk ; <) b$dj; j;Jtk ; [tpil: M) jhnthtpak]; www.tnpscjob.com

324 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 10. `gpiHah ed;bkhHp~ vd;W thai; kiaf; Fwpgg; pLk; E}y; __________. m) fypj;bjhif M) gw[ ehD}W ,) ew;wpiz <) bfhdi; w nte;jd; [tpil: ,) eww; piz] 11. ekk; plKs;s mjpraj; jpwtn[ fhy; vJ> m) @is M) ehfF; ,) fz; <) if [tpil: M) ehf;F] 12. nru muruf; spd; bfhilg; gjpthf jpfGk; E}y; __________. m) gw[ ehD}W M) gupghly; ,) gjpw;Wg;gj;J <) rpygg; jpfhuk; [tpil: ,) gjpwW; g;gjJ; ] 13. jdd; plKss; vyy; htwi; wa[k; bfhLg;gtd; vdW; jpUKof;fhupiag; ghuhl;oatu; m) fk;gu; M) fgpyu; ,) xsitahu ; <) eyn; tl;ldhu ; [tpil: M) fgpyu]; 14. gpdt; Uk; gy[ tu;fisa[k;/ kdd; u;fisak[ ; rupahd ,izahfg; bghUj;Jf. m) ef;fPuu; ? 1. ML nfhl;ghlL; r; nruyhjd; M) xsitahu; ? 2. bgU+r; hj;jd; ,) fgpyu; ? 3. mjpad; <) er;brsi; sahu ; ? 4. jpUKoff; hup m) 4/ 3/ 2/ 1 M) 3/ 2/ 1/ 4 ,) 2/ 3/ 4/ 1 <) 2/ 4/ 3/ 1 [tpil: ,) 2/ 3/ 4/ 1] 15. ,utyu; tuhtpl;lhYk; njo tutiHjJ; f; bfhLfF; k; kdd; d; __________. m) mjpad; M) jpUKoff; hup ,) MLnfhl;ghl;Lr; nruyhjd; ,ay; 8 <) ey;ntll; dhu; [tpil: ,) MLnfhl;ghl;Lr; nruyhjd]; 16. fh+r; p khefuj;J rpww; urnu __________ vd;Wk; rkag; bgau; fz;lhu;. m) ju;ku; M) fdg; {rpa!; ,) nghjp juk; u; <) gj[ j; u; [tpil: ,) nghjp juk; u]; 17. nghjp ju;kUf;Ff; nfhapy; fl;oatuf; s; __________. m) rPduf; s ; M) $gg; hdpau; ,) fpnuf;fu; <) gj[ j; u ; [tpil: m) rPduf; s]; 18. r@ff; flypd; xU Jsp __________. m) gwitfs ; M) tpy=;Ffs; ,) ku=f; s; <) kdpjd ; [tpil: <) kdpjd]; 19. brhwb; whluf; is Kiwgg; Lj;Jf. [tpil: m) (iv)-(iii)-(ii)-(i)] i) braa; btWj;jdu ; ii) gHpjUk; brayf; is iii) guprhff; fpiljj; hYk; iv) cynf m) (iv)-(iii)-(ii)-(i) M) (iii)-(iv)-(i)-(ii) ,) (ii)-(i)-(iv)-(iii) <) (i)-(iv)-(iii)-(ii) www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 325 20. bghUj;Jf. 1. cyfnk tWika[ww; hYk; bfhLgg; td ; ? m) MLnfhlg; hlL; r; nruyhjd; 2. ,utyu; tuhtpl;lhYk; mtu;fisj; njo miHf;Fk; ,ay;g[ ? M) ngfd; 3. kWik nehff; ;pf; bfhLff; hjtd; ? ,) kiyakhd; jpU Koff; hup 4. vy;yhtwi; wa[k; bfhLg;gtd; ? <) mjpad; m) 1.m 2.M 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., [tpil: M)1.< 2.m 3.M 4.,] ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< 21. bghUjJ; f. ? m) MwW; gg; il ,yf;fpa=;fs; 1. bfhil tss; y; vGtupd; ? M) rpWghzhwW; g; gil bfhilgb; gUik ? ,) tss; yf; s; 2. bfhil ,yff; pa=f; s; ? <) gjpw;Wgg; jJ; 3. nru muruf; spd; bfhilgg; jpt[ 4. ,y;nyhu; xff; y; jiytd ; m) 1.m 2.M 3.< 4., M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., [tpil: ,) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,] ,) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< 22. jtwhd brhwb; whliuf; fzl; wpf. m) ehf;F Xu; mjpraj; jpwt[nfhy;. M) ehf;F ,dg; jj; pd; fjitj; jpwg;gJ. ,) ehfF; Jdg; j;jpd; fjitj; jpwg;gJ. <) bka; ngRk; eh kdpjidj; jhH;jJ; fpwJ. [tpil: <) bka; ngRk; eh kdpjidj; jhHj; ;JfpwJ.] 23. `brk;ik rhd;w fhtpjp khff; s;~ vdw; iHff; g;gl;ltu; __________. m) mikr;ruf; s; M) kd;du;fs; ,ay; 8 ,) gy[ tuf; s; <) rhd;nwhuf; s ; [tpil: m) mikrr; u;fs]; 24. `brki; k rhdw; fhtpjp khf;fs;~ vdW; mikr;ruf; isf; Fwpg;gpll; gy[ tu; __________. m) kh=;Fo kUjdhu ; M) guzu; ,) Mt{u; @y=f; pHhu; <) eff; Puu ; [tpil: m) kh=F; o kUjdhu;] 25. jk;iktpl typik Fiwe;jhnuhL nghu; brat; J TlhJ vd;gijf; Fwpg;gpl;l g[ytu; __________. m) kh=F; o kUjdhu ; M) guzu; ,) Mt{u; @y=;fpHhu ; <) eff; Puu ; [tpil: ,) Mt{u; @y=;fpHhu]; 26. Fww; =;fis/ mwj;jpd; mogg; ilapy; Muha;eJ; jz;lid tH=;f ntzL; k; vdW; Twpa gy[ tu; __________. m) kh=F; o kUjdhu; M) guzu; ,) Mt{u; @y=;fpHhu; <) Cd; bghjpg; gR=;Filahu;  [tpil: <) Cd; bghjpg; gR=;Filahu]; 27. `mwk; mwf; fzl; bewpkhd; mitak~; vdf; Fwpg;gpLk; E}y; __________. m) g[wehD}W M) gjpwW; g;gjJ; ,) gupghly; <) eww; piz [tpil: m) g[wehD}W] www.tnpscjob.com

326 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 28. jdpr; rpwg;g[g; bgw;wpUej; mw mitak; mikej; pUej; ,lk; __________. m) ciwa{u; M) kJiu ,) jpUbeyn; typ <) khky;yg[uk ; [tpil: m) ciwa{u]; 29. cz;ikahd bryt; k; vd;gJ gpwu;Jdg; k; efP F; tJ jhd; vdw; tu; __________. m) eyn; tl;ldhu ; M) guzu; ,) Mt{u; @y=f; pHhu; <) eff; Puu ; [tpil: m) ey;ntl;ldhu]; 30. r=f; ,yf;fpa=f; s; ngRk; rpwe;j mwk; __________. m) cjtp M) bfhil ,) tha;ik <) bghUs; [tpil: ,) thai; k] 31. <jy; gw;wpar; braj; pfisf; TWk; mf,yff; pak; __________. m) fypj;bjhif M) FWe;bjhif ,) mfehD}W <) eww; piz [tpil: m) fypj;bjhif] 32. bry;tj;Jg; gand <jy; vd;W TWk; E}y; __________. m) gw[ ehD}W M) fypjb; jhif ,) mfehD}W <) gupghly; [tpil: m) g[wehD}W] FWtpdh 1. mwjj; pd; FwpaPlhf nghww; g;gll; it vit> Filak[ ; mwj;jpd; FwpaPLfshfg; kdd; u;fSila br=;nfhYk/; btzb; fhww; f; nghww; gg; l;ld. ,ay; 8 2. mikr;rupd; flikfshfr; r=;f ,yff; pak; ahJ TWfpwJ> ŒŒ murd; mwbewpapy; Ml;rp braa; cjtp g[upa ntzL; k.; ŒŒ ed;Wk; jPJk; Maj; Yk;/ md;gk[ ; mwDk; fhjj; Yk; mikr;ru; flik vd;W kJiuf; fh+r; p TWfpwJ. 3. jdpr;rpwg;gg[ ; bgww; mitak; vit> ŒŒ ciwa{upy; ,Ue;j mwmitak; jdpr; rpwgg; g[ ; bgww; pUej; J. ŒŒ kJiuapy; ,Ue;j mitaKk; rpwg;g[g; bgw;W ,Uej; J. ŒŒ ,t; mita=;fs; Jyhf; nfhy; nghy; eLepiyikal[ d; ,Ue;jd. 4. kfpH;r;rp vdg; ij tpsfF; f. ŒŒ xU kdpjd; jdD; ila kfpHr; r; pia kwe;J/ kw;wtu; kfpH;r;rpia ehLtJjhd; cz;ikahd kfpHr; ;rp. ŒŒ m jhtJ jd; kfpH;r;rpia kwg;gJjhd; kfpH;rr; p. 5. thai; k gw;wp ,yf;fpa=f; s; Fwpgg; pLtijf; TWf. ŒŒ `bghaa; hr; bre;eh~ ŒŒ `bghag; L gwpah ta=;F bre;eh~ ŒŒ ~gpiHah ed;bkhHp ? ew;wpiz~ ŒŒ `bgha;bkhHpf; bfhL+b; rhy~; vdW; bgha; Twf;TlhJ/ thai; kna Twntz;Lk; vd;gij ,yf;fpa=f; s; typaW[ j;jpf; TWfpdw; d. www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 327 6. r=;f ,yff; pak; Kjy; jukhd mwk; vdg; ij tpsf;Ff. ŒŒ ,ayg; hf mwpa[k; mwk; Kjy; jukhdJ. ŒŒ rpej; pj;J mwpe;J bfhsS; k; mwk; ,uz;lhk; jukhd mwk.; ŒŒ jhk; rpe;jpff; hky; gpwu; brhy;y mwpak[ ; mwk; @d;whe;jukhd mwk.; vdnt/ r=f; ,yf;fpa mw=;fs; ,ay;ghd Kjy; jukhd mwk; vdg; J rhyg; bghUeJ; k;. 7. mw ,yf;fpa=f; spy; <jy; gww; pf; Twgg; l;Ls;sij tpsf;Ff. ŒŒ g[w ,yf;fpa=f; spy; klL; ky;y/ mw ,yff; pa=f; spYk; <if gww; pa bra;jpfs; cs;sd. ŒŒ <ahik ,Hpt[ vd mw ,yff; pak; TWfpwJ. ŒŒ ,ugn; ghu;fF; <ahJ thH;tijtpl capiu tplL; tpLjy; nkyhdJ vd;W fypjb; jhif TWfpwJ. 8. bfhilapy; rpwe;j kd;duf; s; ehyt; iuf; Fwpgg; pLf. ŒŒ cyfnk tWika[ww; hYk; bfhLg;gtd; ? mjpad; ŒŒ kWik nehf;fp bfhLff; hjtd; ? ngfd; ŒŒ ,utyu; tuhtpl;lhYk; mtu;fisj; njo tutiHjJ; f; bfhLgg; td; ? MLnfhl;ghl;Lr; nruyhjd;. ŒŒ vy;yhtw;iwa[k; bfhLgg; td; ? jpUKoff; hup. ,t;thW kdd; uf; s; bfhilahy; rpwe;jpUe;jdu.; 9. `brki; k rhd;w fhtpjp khff; s~; bjhlu; bghUs; TWf. edW; k; jPJk; Maj; Yk; mdg; k[ ; mwDk; fhj;jYk; brk;ik rhd;w mikr;ru; flikahFk;. 10. `mwtpiy tzpfd; Mma; my;yd;~ vd;w g[wehD}w;W tupfspd; cl;fUji; jg; g[yg;gLj;Jf. ,g;gpwg;gpy; mwk; bra;jhy; mjd; gaid kWgpwg;gpy; bgwyhk; vd;w tzpf nehff; k; TlhJ. mjj; ifa nehf;fk; ,yy; hjtd; tss; y; Ma;. 11. mw=;Twitak; ,Uej; ,l=;fs; ahit> 1. ciwa{u; 2. kJiu ,ay; 8 12. ts;sy;fs; vt;thbwy;yhk; nghw;wgg; l;ldu>; ,y;nyhu; xf;fy; jiytd;/ grpg;gpzp kUjJ; td; vdb; wyy; hk; ts;syf; s; nghww; g;gll; du;. 13. cjtpahzi; k vd;w brhy;ypd; bghUs; kwW; k; mjidf; Fwpgg; pll; tu; ahu; vdg; ijf; Fwpgg; plt[k;> cjtp bra;jiy <Hj;Jg; g[{jd; njtdhu; `cjtpahzi; k~ vdw; brhyy; hy; Fwpgg; pLfpd;whu;. 14. czi; kahd bry;tk; vJ vd ey;ntl;ldhu; Fwpgg; pLfpd;whu;> gpwu; Jdg; k; jPug; g; J jhd; czi; kahd bryt; k; vd eyn; tll; dhu; Fwpg;gpLfpdw; hu;. 15. `MwW; gg; il ,yff; pa=;fs; bfhil ,yf;fpa=;fshf cs;sd~ ? ,f;Tww; py; Rll; gg; Lk; MwW; g;gil ,yf;fpa=;fs; ahit> ŒŒ jpUKUfhwW; g; gil  bgUk;ghzhw;Wgg; il ŒŒ bghUehuhw;Wgg; il  Tj;juhwW; gg; il ŒŒ rpWghzhw;Wgg; il 16. ts;sy; vGtupd; bfhilrr; pwg;igg; g[ygg; Lj;Jtd vit> ts;sy; vGtupd; bfhilrr; pwgi; g rpWghzhwW; gg; ila[k/; bgU+;rpjj; pudhu; ghlyf; Sk; gy[ gg; Lj;Jfpdw; d. www.tnpscjob.com

328 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 17. Fkzd; tUe;jpajhfg; bgUe;jiyr; rhjj; dhu; Fwpgg; pLk; bra;jp ahJ> jd;id eho te;j guprpyd; bghUs; bgwhky; jpUkg; [tJ/ ehli; l ,Hej; Jd;gji; j tplg; bgUe;Jdg; k; vd;W Fkzd; tUej; pajhfg; bgUej; iyr; rhj;jdhu; Fwpgg; pLfpdw; hu;. 18. `,yn; yhu; xf;fy; jiytd;~ ahu; vd;gij tpsfF; f. bghUs; ,y;yhj ViHr; Rww; j;jpwF; j; jiytd; ts;sy;fs; Mtu.; 19. bfhil vdg; Jk; Xu; mwk; vdg; jid xsitahu; vtt; hW Fwpgg; pLfpwhu;> `cyfnk tWikaw[ ;whYk; bfhLgg; td; mjpad~; vd;fpdw; xsitapd; Tw;W bfhil vdg; Jk; Xu; mwk; vd;gjidj; bjspthf;FfpwJ. rpWtpdh ,ay; 8 1. czi; kahd bry;tk; vJ> cz;ikahd bryt; k; vdg; J gpwu; Jd;gk; jPug; g; Jjhd;. `rhdn; whu; bry;tk; vd;gJ nrue; n; jhu~; gd[ ;fz; m+;Rk; gzg; pd; bkdf; z; bryt; k; bryt; k; vdg; Jnt~ vdW; eyy; eJ; tdhu; Fwpg;gpLfpwhu;. bryt; k; vdg; J rpei; japd; epiwt[. 2. r=f; fhyg; nghu; mwk; FwpjJ; vGJf. ŒŒ jkpHu; nghupYk; mwji; jg; gpdg; w;wpdu;. ŒŒ nghu; mwk; vdg; J tPukwn; whu; gw[ KJfpl;nlhu;/ rpwhu;/ Kjpnahu; Mfpnahiu vjpu;jJ; g; nghu; bra;ahikiaf; Fwpf;Fk;. ŒŒ gR/ ghu;g;gdu;/ bgz;fs/; nehahsu;/ gj[ y;tiug; bgwhjtu; MfpnahUfF; j; jP=F; tuhky; nghupLtJk; nghu; mwkhff; fUjg;gl;lJ. 3. nehf;fk; fUjp mwk; bra;jy; TlhJ tpsf;Ff. ŒŒ mwk; brat; jpy; tzpf nehff; k; ,Uj;jy; TlhJ. ŒŒ ,g;gpwgg; py; mwk; braj; hy; kWgpwg;gpy; gad; bgwyhk; vd;W fUjpa[k; braj; y; TlhJ. ŒŒ nehff; kpd;wpj; jUk; mwnk rpwe;j mwkhFk.; 4. bfhilapd; rpwg;ig ,yff; pa=;fs; nghw;WtJ gw;wp vGJf. ŒŒ filbaG ts;syf; spd; bfhilr; rpwg;g/[ rpWghzhw;Wg;gilapYk; bgU+;rpjj; pudhu; ghlypYk; nghw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ŒŒ MwW; g;gil ,yff; pa=f; s; bfhil ,yf;fpa=;fshfnt cs;sd. ŒŒ gjpwW; gg; jJ; nru muru;fspd; bfhilg; gjpthFk.; ŒŒ g[wehD}ww; pYk; Fwpg;gpl;l kd;duf; spd; bfhilr; rpwg;g[f; Twg;gl;Lss; J. 5. kfpH;rr; p bgUf vdd; bra;a ntz;Lk>; ŒŒ kdpjd; r@ff; flypd; xU Jsp. ŒŒ kdpjd; vyn; yhnuhLk; vy;yhtw;nwhLk; vt;tst[f;F vtt; st[ jd;id ,izj;Jf; bfhsf; pwhndh mtt; st[ kfpH;r;rp bgUFk.; ŒŒ ,ej; kfpHr; r; pg; bgUff; py; jpisf;f ntzL; k; vd;why; midj;ija[k; CLUtpr; bry;Yk; bghJtpjpahd mwji; j kdpjd; Vw;why; kfpH;rr; p bgUFk.; www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 329 6. bfhil vdD; k; gFjpapy; mike;j tss; y;fs; bgaupidj; bjhFjJ; vGJf. gf;fk:; 187 ŒŒ gplt{u;f; fpHhd; kfd; bgU+;rhj;jd ;  mjpad; ŒŒ MLnfhl;ghl;Lr; nruyhjd;  ngfd; ŒŒ Fkzd;  jpUKoff; hup fwg; it fw;wgpd; 1. `ghlg;gFjpapy; bfhLf;fg;gl;Lss; mwf; fUj;Jf;fis typaW[ j;Jk; r=f; ,yf;fpag; ghlyofs; Ie;jpidj; bjhFj;J mit TWk; mwr; braj; pfis vGJf. r=;f,yf;fpag;ghlyofs;fPHf; ;fhQk;Ie;jpd;mogg; ilapy;mwr;braj; pfistypaW[ jJ; fpwJ. ŒŒ tWik  epiyahd bryt; k; ŒŒ neupa Ml;rp  tha;ik ŒŒ <if `,ki; kr; bra;jJ kWikfF; Mk; vDk; mwtpiy tzpfd; Mma; myy; d;.....~ ? gw[ ehD}W ,g;gpwg;gpy; mwk; braj; hy;/ mjd; gaid kWgpwg;gpy; bgwyhk; vdw; tzpf nehff; k; TlhJ. nehf;fk; ,dw; p mwk; brat; nj nkd;ik. `mwbewp Kjwn; w murpd; bfhw;wk; mwd;bewp gpiHahj; jpwdwp kd;du;~ kdd; Uila br=;nfhYk; btz; bfhww; f; Fila[k; mwj;jpd; FwpaPLfshfg; nghww; gg; ll; d. murpd; br=;nfhy; nghdW; neupa Ml;rpia nkwb; fhss; ntz;Lk;. `bryt; j;Jg; gand <jy~; ? gw[ ehD}W ,ay; 8 tPuj;ijg; nghynt <ifiaa[k; jkpH; E}y; nghww; paJ. <ifa[k; Xu; mwr;brany. bryt; j;jpd; gad; bfhLj;J kfpHt; nj vd;W thHe; j; du.; `rhd;nwhu; bry;tk; vd;gJ nru;e;njhu; gd[ ;fz; m+R; k; gz;gpd; bkdf; z; bry;tk; bryt; k; vd;gJnt~ ? ew;wpiz gpwu; Jd;gj;ijj; jd; Jdg; khff; fUjp cjtj[ ny gz;g.[ gpwu; Jdg; k; jPug; g; nj cz;ikahd bry;tk; MFk.; `gpiHah edb; khHp~ ? ew;wpiz bka; ngRtJ edb; khHpahFk; tha;ik vdg;gLtJ jtwpa[k; bgha; ngrhjpUjj; y.; epyk; bgaue; ;jhYk; bgha; brhyy; f;TlhJ. www.tnpscjob.com

330 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 2. bfhdi; w nte;jd; Kjyhd gpwf; hy mwE}y;fspd; bgauf; is mwpeJ; / mtw;Ws; VnjDk; xU E}ypd; mwf; fUjJ; f;fis vLj;Jf; bfhz;L mit ,d;Wk; bghUe;jp epw;gJ FwpjJ; f; fye;JiuahLf. fyeJ; iuahLgtuf; s; : nrhK/ fyh/ khyh/ ,ay; 8 nrhK : ehDk; eyk;jhd; rup ehk; ,d;iwf;F tFgg; py; mwf; fUjJ; f;fs; gw;wpg; gojn; jhk; my;yth/ mijg; nghynt vspikahd mwf;fUjJ; f;fis ehk; gu[ peJ; bfhsS; k; tifapy; rpy E}y;fs; TWfpwJ. mjidg; gw;wpg; ngRnthkh. fyh : vdf;F bfhdi; w nte;jd; kpftk[ ; gpof;Fk; khyh : vdf;Fkj; hd.; .. nrhK : mijg;gww; pg; ngRnthk.; ,eE; }y; mfuepuy; mikg;g[g;go 91 xw;iw tupg; ghff; shy; MdJ fyh : mij vGjpdJ xsitjhnd. khyh : rupahfr; brhy;yp tpll; hna- nrhK : me;j E}ypy; <if vdD; k; mwji; jg; gww; p xU tup czuj; J; fpwJ. mJ vdd; bjupak[ h> fyh : `<ahu; njli; lj; jPahu; bfhs;thu;~ nrhK : rupahfr; brhd;dha;. khyh : Mkhlh ehk; xUtUfF; k; bfhLff; hky;/ ahUfF; k; ed;ik bra;ahky; nruj; ;J itj;jpUf;Fk; bryt; k; ahUf;Fk; gad;glhJ/ mjid jpUlnuh kww; tnuh bfhst; u;. fyh : v =f; s; gff; jJ; Cupy; kpfg; bgU+b; ry;te;ju.; ntiy ghu;g;gtUf;Ff; Tl Typ xG=[ f; hj; ju khl;lhu;. ,Uk;gg[ ; bgl;oapy; g{l;o itj;JtpLthu;. xU ehs; te;j jpUld; bgl;oia ciljJ; mjj; idak[ ; bfhsi; saoj;J tpll; hd.; nrhK : g[upe;J bfhz;Ou;fsh njhHpfns- vf;fhyjj; pYk; mwf;fUj;Jfs; vgn; ghJk;/ Kff; hyj;JfF; k; bghUeJ; tdthfnt css; J.  www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 331 ,ay; mwk; ftpijg; ngiH 8 +hdk; ? jp.brh. ntQnfhghyd; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; gyts[ ; bjupf 1. tPl;ilj; Jilj;Jr; rhak; mojj; y; ? ,t;to Fwpg;gpLtJ __________. m) fhyk; khWtij M) tPl;ilj; Jilgg; ij ,) ,ilawhJ mwgg; zp bra;jiy <) tzz; k; g{Rtij [tpil: ,) ,ilawhJ mwgg; zp bra;jiy] FWtpdh 1. fhyf; fGij fl;blWkg; hdJk; ftp+u; brat; J ahJ> ŒŒ fhyf; fGij flb; lWk;ghdJ vdg; J fhyk; khwp taJ Kjpuj; iyf; Fwpgg; J MFk.; ŒŒ t aJ Kjpu;e;J clYk; cly; cWgg; f[ Sk; tYtpHe;jhYk; mwgg; zpiaj; bjhlue; ;J braf; pwhu;. ŒŒ t hspj;jz;zPu/; rhafF; tis/Jzpfe;ijahdhYk/; rhak;mofF; k;J}upiffli; lahdhYk; Rj;jk; brat; J nghy/ fhyf;fGij flb; lWkg; hd gpd;Dk; mwg;gzp XahJ bjhluf; pwJ. rpWtpdh ,ay; 8 1. `RwW; r;NHiyg; ngQtnj ,di; wa mwk; vdw; jiygg; py~; / bgwn; whu; Mrpupau; Tll; jj; py; ngRtjwf; hd ciuf;Fwpg;g[ xdi; w cUthfF; f. (Fwpg;g[: RwW; r;NHy; khRgLtijj; jLf;fr; rll; =f; s; ,aw;wgg; lo; Ue;jhYk; xt;bthUtupd; css; jj; pYk; Vwg; Lk; khw;wnk Rw;WrN; Hiyg; ghJfhfF; k); ciufF; wpg;gf[ s;: ŒŒ mwk; vd;gjd; tpsf;fk; juy.; ŒŒ RwW; rN; Hy; vdw; hy; vdd; > ŒŒ RwW; r;NHnyhL mwj;jpw;F css; bjhlui; g tpsf;Fjy.; ŒŒ mwk; rhue; ;j tifapy; khR miltijj; jtpuf; f; tHp TWjy.; ŒŒ rll; =f; s; td;ikahf ,Ue;jhYk;/ murpd; thapyhf bkdi; kg;gLj;jy; ntz;Lk;. ŒŒ b efpHp/ Miyff; Hpt[/ erR; f;fhw;W/ thfdgg; [if ,tww; hy; Rw;Wr;NHy; ghjpg;g[ Vwg; Lk; vd;gij kf;fs; kdjpy; gjpa itjj; y.; ŒŒ ,f;Fwpg;gf[ is ikakhf itjJ; ciuahww; ntz;Lk.; www.tnpscjob.com

332 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 2. thspj; jz;zPu;/ rhaf; Ftis/ fe;ijj; Jzp/ fli; lj; J}upif ? ,r;brhw;fisj; bjhlu;gg[ Ljj; p xU gj;jp mikf;f. tPlo; d; Rtu/; rdd; y; nghd;wtw;wpy; mGfF; gg; oeJ; k/; rdd; y;fspy; fiuahd; gotijj; jLff; / thspj; jzz; Piuf; bfhzL; Rtiuak[ ; rdd; iyak[ ; edF; fGt ntz;Lk.; gpwF fe;ijj; Jzpahy; edF; JiljJ; tpl ntz;Lk.; @d;whtjhf/ rhaf; Ftisapy; css; rhaj;ijf; fli; lj; J}upiff; bfhz;L rhak; g{rp g[Jg;gpf;f ntz;Lk.; TLjy; tpdhf;fs; ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;g.[ fhyf;fGij ? cUtfk; fe;ijj;Jzp ? ,UbgabuhlL; g; gzg; j[ b; jhif gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk;. Jiljn; jd ; ? Jil + j; + j; + Vd; moj;njd ; ? mo + j; + j; + Vd; Jil ? gFjp mo ? gFjp j; ? re;jp j; ? rej; p j; ? ,wej; fhy ,ilepiy j; ? ,wej; fhy ,ilepiy Vd; ? F wpg;g[ tpidKwW; tpFjp Vd; ? Fwpg;g[ tpidKw;W tpFjp bghUj;jpndd ;? bghUj;J + ,d; + Vd; Xa;eJ; ? Xa; + j(; e;) + j; + c bghUjJ; ? gFjp Xa; ? gFjp ,d ; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy j; ? rej; p/ `e~; MdJ tpfhuk; Vd; ? Fwpgg; [ tpidKw;W tpFjp j; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy c ? tpidbarr; tpFjp ,ay; 8 gyts[ ; bjupf 1. `+hdk~; ? ftpijapd; Mrpupau; __________. m) mg;Jy; uFkhd; M) ntQnfhghyd; ,) ,uh$nfhghyd; <) ,uhknfhghyd; [tpil: M) ntQnfhghyd]; 2. cyfpwf; hd gzpfs; vijr; rhu;e;J tsu ntzL; k>; m) kwk ; M) mwk; ,) +hdk ; <) fy;tp [tpil: M) mwk]; 3. `+hdk~; ftpij ,lk;bgww; bjhFg;g[ __________. m) jPf;Frr; p M) kPlr; p tpz;zg;gk; ,) nfhil tay ; <) nfhilkiH [tpil: ,) nfhil tay]; 4. jp.brh.ntQnfhghyd; gpwej; Cu; __________. m) j+;rht{u ; M) jpUthjt{u; ,) jpUthqu ; <) jpUitahW [tpil: <) jpUitahW] 5. jp.brh.ntQnfhghyd; vf;fhyj;Jg; g[Jff; tp+u;fspy; xUtu>; m) kzpf;bfho M) vGjJ; ,) thdk;gho <) ftpf;Fapy;fs; [tpil: M) vGjJ; ] www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 333 6. ntQnfhghyd; nguhrpupauhfg; gzpahw;wpaJ __________. m) nfhit kUj;Jtf; fy;Y}upapy; M) kzpg;ghy; bghwpapay; fy;Y}upapy; ,) brdi; d fpz;o fyY; }upapy; <) ntshzi; kf; fy;Y}upapy; [tpil: M) kzpg;ghy; bghwpapay; fy;Y}upapy]; 7. ``kPlr; p tpzz; gg; k;~~ ftpijj; bjhFgg; pd; Mrpupau; __________. m) ntQuhk; M) ntQnfhghyd; ,) rp.R. bry;yg;gh <) fgpyd ; [tpil: M) ntQnfhghyd]; 8. `+hdk~; ftpij czu;j;Jk; bghUs; __________. m) r@f mwgg; zp M) tPl;ilg; g[Jg;gpj;jy; ,) ,iltplhj r@f mwgg; zpia <) cyfg; gzpfs; [tpil: ,) ,iltplhj r@f mwg;gzpia] 9. mwg;gzp Xa;e;jhy; __________ ,yi; y. m) kdpjd ; M) ,awi; f ,) cyfk ; <) fly ; [tpil: ,) cyfk]; 10. ``g[Jfb; fhff; p bghUjj; pndd;~~ ? ,jb; jhlu; czu;j;JtJ __________. m) rhsuf; fjit rPu;gg; Lj;Jjy; M) r@fj;ijr; rPug; ;gLjJ; jy; ,) bghaf; is ePf;Fjy; <) tPli; lg; g[Jgg; pjj; y; [tpil: M) r@fj;ijr; ruP g; ;gLj;Jjy]; 11. bghUjJ; f. 1. fiuahd ; ? m) flb; lWk;g[ M) te;bjhlL; k; 2. fhyf;fGij ? ,) fhw;Wilf;Fk; ,ay; 8 <) kzt; PL fl;Lk; 3. bjUgg; G[ jp ? M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., 4. rll; k; ? <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< [tpil: M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4.,] 12. `mwgg; zp Xat; jpyi; y Xae; ;jpoy; cyfkpyi; y-~ ? ,t;tofspy; mikej; eak;> m) vJif M) nkhid ,) Kuz ; <) ,iag[ [tpil: <) ,iag][ 13. bghUjJ; f. 1. thsp ? m) Ftis M) jz;zPu; 2. rhak; ? ,) J}upif <) Jzp 3. fe;ij ? M) 1.< 2.m 3.M 4., 4. fli; l ? <) 1.m 2., 3.M 4.< m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4., ,) 1.M 2.m 3., 4.< [tpil: m) 1.M 2.m 3.< 4.,] www.tnpscjob.com

334 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ ,ay; 8 FWtpdh 1. ntQnfhghydpd; ftpijj; bjhFgg; f[ s; ahit> nfhil btapy/; kPl;rp tpzz; gg; k; Mfpait MFk;. 2. `+hdk;~ vd;Dk; ftpijapy; ,lk;bgWk; mBwpiz capu;fs; ahit> fiuahd/; fGij/ fl;blWkg; [. 3. `fhyff; Gij flb; lWkg; hd ,d;Wk; ifapny~ ? vd ,t;tofSfF; ,izahd jkpH;gg; HbkhHp vGJf. fGij njae; ;J flb; lWkg; [ MdJ. rpWtpdh 1. jp.brh. ntQnfhghyd; Fwpg;g[ tiuf. bgau; : jp.brh.ntQnfhghyd; gpwg;g [ : 7.11.1929 Cu ; : j+;rht{u; khtll; jj; py; cs;s jpUitahW. fy;tp : brdi; d ynahyh fy;Y}upapy; ,sk; mwptpay; gl;lk;/ uh$!;jhd; gpyhdpapy; ,aej; putpay; (mechanical) bghwpapay; gll; k.; gzp : kzpg;ghy; bghwpapay; fyY; }upapy; vej; putpay; nguhrpupauhfg; gzpahww; pdhu.; E}yf; s ; : nfhiltay/; kPl;rp tpz;zg;gk.; 1959 Kjy; ``vGjJ; ~~ ,jHpy; ftpij vGjj; bjhl=f; pdhu.; 2. `+hdk;~ ftpij czuj; ;Jk; bghUs; ahJ> (myy; J) ``mwg;gzp Xat; jpy;iy/ Xa;ej; poy; cyfkpyi; y~~ ? vdf; ftp+u; Twf; fhuzk; ahJ> ŒŒ `+hdk;~ ftpij ,ila[whJ braa; [k; mwgg; zpahk; r@fg; gzpia czu;jJ; fpwJ. ŒŒ tPlo; d; rhsujj; py; vj;jid Kiw g[Gjp xl;odhYk/; fiuahd; kz; tPL flo; dhYk; Jilf;fpnwhk.; Rjj; g;gLj;Jfpnwhk.; ŒŒ Rj;jgg; Lj;Jk; ,gg; zpia Kjpu; tajhFk; tiu bra;J bfhzn; ljhd; ,Uf;fpnwhk;. ŒŒ rKjhaj;jpYk; rPu;nfLfs; bjhlu;eJ; Vwg; Lk.; ŒŒ mty=f; s; eleJ; bfhzn; ljhd; ,UfF; k;. ŒŒ vdpDk; mtwi; wj; jLjJ; r@fj;ijr; rPug; Lj;Jk; gzpahd mwg;gzpia bjhlue; J; ehk; braJ; bfhzn; l ,Uff; ntzL; k; vdg; ij czu;jJ; fpwJ. 3. mwgg; zp Xat; jpyi; y Xa;ej; poy; cyfkpy;iy-. m) ,tt; ofs; ,lkb; gww; E}y; vJ> nfhiltay.; M) ,t;tofs; ,lk;bgww; ftpij vJ> +hdk;. ,) vJ Xa;tjpyi; y> mwg;gzpfs; Xa;tjpy;iy. www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 335 <) ,t;toapy; ,lkb; gw;Ws;s ,iag[r; brhw;fis vGJf. Xat; jpy;iy cyfkpy;iy 4. `fhyff; Gij flb; lWkg; hd ,dW; k; ifapny thspjj; z;zuP .; ......~ ? ,l+R; l;og; bghUs; tpsf;Ff. ,lk:; jp.brh.ntQnfhghydpd; nfhil tay; bjhFg;gpy; `+hdk;~ vd;Dk; jiygg; [f; ftpijapy; ,t;tupfs; ,lkb; gWfpd;wd. bghUs;: fhykhfpa fGij flb; lWkg; hfj; njae; ;Jnghd ,d;W tiu ifapy; thspj; jzz; Pu; klL; nk itjJ; s;nshk.; tpsf;fk:; ŒŒ fhyf; fGij flb; lWk;ghdJ vd;gJ fhyk; khwp taJ Kjpuj; iyf; Fwpg;gJ MFk;. ŒŒ taJ Kjpu;eJ; clYk; cly; cWg;gf[ Sk; tYtpHej; hYk; mwg;gzpiaj; bjhlu;e;J bra;fpwhu;. ŒŒ t hspj;jzz; Pu;/rhaf;Ftis/Jzpfei; jahdhYk;/rhak;mof;Fk;J}upiffli; lahdhYk; Rj;jk; brat; J nghy/ fhyff; Gij flb; lWk;ghd gpdD; k; mwg;gzp XahJ bjhluf; pwJ. fwg; it fw;wgpd; gf;fk;: 188 1. ``Jspg;gh~~ xd;wpidj; nju;eb; jLj;J mjpy; btspgg; Lk; fUj;jpidg; gww; p tFg;giwapy; ,ay; 8 ,uzL; epkplk; ciu epfH;jJ; f. Muhar; r; p kzpmojj; khLfs; muz;kidj; jl;oy; gpupahzp Mfptpll; d. ŒŒ ePjp jtwhj br=;nfhy; tisahj kughf ,Ue;jJ nrhH kug[. mr;nrhH kugpny te;jtd; kDePjpr; nrhHd;. ŒŒ m uzk; id thapypd; Muha;r;rp kzpia moj;j gRtpd; Jaiuj; Jilf;fj; jd; xnu kfid njuf; f; hypy; ,lL; f; bfhd;W gRtpd; Jaiuj; jhDk; mDgtpjJ; ``thapy;yh $PtDf;Fk; mwk;~~ czuj; ;jpa khzg; [ ek; jkpH; kz;. ŒŒ M dhy; rPu;nfL mile;J cs;s ,d;iwa r@fr; NHypy; ePjp nfl;Lg; nghuhLgtuf; ns jzo; ff; g;gLfpwhuf; s;\" mHpf;fg;gLfpwhuf; s.; ŒŒ ,r;r@f mtyj;ijna ,f;ftpij njhYupj;Jf; fhl;oa[ss; J. mdW; Muhar; r; p kzp moj;j nghJ gRtf[ ;F ePjp fpilj;jJ. ,d;nwh- ePjp nfl;Fk; khLfs; mHpf;fg;gl;L tpLk; vd;gijf; Fwpgg; hf ,f;ftpij czuj; J; fpwJ. www.tnpscjob.com

336 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 2. jpUf;Fws; mwjJ; gg; hypy; cs;s mjpfhu=f; spd; jiyg;gpid vGjp/ mfutupirgg; Lj;jp mjd; bghUspid vGJf. mwj;Jg;ghypy; 38 mjpfhu=f; s; css; d. mit: 1. mlff; Kilik ? mlf;fjj; pd; nkd;ik 2. mUSilik ? fUiz cilatuha; ,Ujj; y; ntz;Lk;. 3. mthtWjj; y; ? nguhiria tpyfF; 4. mGff; hwhik ? bghwhik ePf;f ntz;Lk.; 5. mwd; typa[Wj;jy ; ? mwjj; pd; rpwg;ig vLj;Jf; TWjy; 6. md;gi[ lik ? md;gpd; kfjJ; tk; 7. ,y;thH;fi; f ? FLkg; thHt; pd; rpwgg; [/ bgUik 8. ,d;dhbraa; hik ? Jdg; k; bra;ahjpUj;jy; 9. ,dpaitTwy; ? ,dpa brhwf; spd; rpwgg; [ 10. <if ? bfhLjJ; kfpH;jypd; rpwg;g[ 11. CH; ? tpjp typik 12. xgg; u[ twpjy; ? bfhLj;jy; 13. xGf;fKilik ? xGf;fnk cau; bryt; k; 14. flts[ ; thH;j;J ? ,iwtid thHj; ;Jjy; 15. fs;shik ? kJ mUe;Jjy; TlhJ 16. TlhbthGff; k; ? bgha; xGf;fk; 17. bfhy;yhik ? capuf; ;bfhiyf; TlhJ. 18. bra;ee; dw; pawpjy ; ? xUtu; braj; ed;ikia epidjj; y; 19. jtk; ? Jd;gj;ijg; bghWjj; y;/ gpwUf;Fj; Jdg; k; braa; hik 20. jPtpidar;rk; ? jPr; bray; bra;a m+R; jy; 21. Jwt [ ? cyfg; gwi; w ePfF; jy; 22. eLt[ epiyik ? ghuglr; k; ghuhjpUjj; y; ,ay; 8 23. epiyahik ? vJtk[ ; epiyadW; 24. ePjj; hu; bgUik ? Jwt[ nkw;bfhs;gtu; rpwgg; [ 25. gadpy brhy;yhik ? gadw;w brhw;fisj; jtpuj; ;jy; 26. gpwdpy; tpiHahik ? gpwu; kidtp/ bghUis tpUkg; hik 27. gf[ H; ? rpwgg; [ 28. g[yhy; kWj;jy; ? Cd; cz;zhjpUj;jy; 29. g[w=T; whik ? xUtu; ,yhjplj;J mtiug; gww; pg; ngrhik 30. bghiwai[ lik ? bghWik 31. kf;fln; gW ? gps;isr; bryt; k; 32. bkaa; z[ uj; y ; ? bgha; kaff; j;jpypUe;J tpLgLjy; 33. thH;f;ifj; Jiz eyk; ? ed;kidahs; bgUik 34. tha;ik ? cz;ikapd; nkd;ik 35. thd;rpwgg; [ ? kiHapd; rpwgg; [ 36. tpUe;njhk;gy ; ? tpUej; pdiu cgrupj;jy; 37. btFshik ? rpdk; bfhs;shik 38. btBfhik ? gpwu; bghUis tpUk;ghik  www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFg;g[ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 337 ,ay; mwk; ftpijg; ngiH 8 fhyf;fzpjk; ? fz;zjhrd; ghlE}y; tpdhf;fs; gyt[s; bjupf 1. fhyf; fzpjk; ftpijapy; ,lkb; gww; bjhlu; ............ m) ,fH;ej; hy; vd; kdk; ,we;J tplhJ. M) vdk; dk; ,fHe; j; hy; ,we;JtplhJ. ,) ,fH;ej; hy; ,weJ; tplhJ vd; kdk;. <) vd;kdk; ,we;JtplhJ ,fHe; j; hy.;  [tpil: m) ,fHe; ;jhy; vd; kdk; ,we;J tplhJ] FWtpdh 1. ``bfhsn; thu; bfhs;f\" Fiug;nghu; Fiuff; - ,ay; 8 cs;tha; thuj; ;ij clk;g[ bjhlhJ.~~ m) mo vJifia vGJf. M) ,yff; zfF; wpg;g[ vGJf: bfhs;f/ Fiuf;f. mo vJif: bfhsn; thu; cst; ha; ,yff; zfF; wpgg; [: bfhsf; / Fiuff; ? tpa=;nfhs; tpidKw;W beLtpdh 1. fhyf;fzpjk; ftpijapy; bghjpeJ; ss; ea=f; isg; ghuhl;o vGJf. ftp+d; ahndhu; fhyf; fzpjk; fUgg; LbghUis cUgg; l itgn; gd-; gt[ papy; ehndhu; g[fGilj; bja;tk; bghdd; pDk; tpiykpF bghUbsd; bryt; k-; ,itrup bad;why; ,ak;g[tbjd; bjhHpy; ,itjt whapd; vjpug; ;gbjd; ntiy- Mf;fy; mspjj; y; mHpjj; y; ,k; @dW; k; mtDk; ahDnk mwpe;jit\" mwpf- ? fz;zjhrd; www.tnpscjob.com

338 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ ,ay; 8 ``fhyf;fzpjk;~~ jpuzl; fUj;J: ftp+d; ehnd fhyji; jf; fzpg;gtd.; cs;sjj; py; cjpfF; k; bghUis thuj; i; j totk; bfhLj;J xU cUtkha; mtw;iw ehd; gilg;gjhy; ,g;g{kpapy; ehDk; gf[ H;bgw;w bja;tk.; bghd;idtpl tpiy cau;ej; bry;tk; vdD; i[ la fUjJ; fs;.rupahdtwi; w vLjJ; r; brhyt; Jk;/ jtwhdtwi; w vjpu;g;gJk; vd; gzp. giljj; y/; fhj;jy/; mHpjj; y; vdD; k; @dW; gzpfSk; ehDk; fltS[ k; mwpe;jit. nkhid eak:; fhl;Lf;F ahid ghl;LfF; nkhid braa; s[ py; moapnyh rPupnyh Kjy; vGjJ; xdw; p tUtJ nkhid MFk;. ftp+d.; .. fUgg; L.... ,it rup ,it jtwhapd; ... nkhid eak; bgwW; teJ; s;sJ. vJif eak;: kJiufF; itif braa; [SfF; vJif bra;as[ py; Kjy; vGj;J msbthj;jpUf;f ,uzl; hk; vGj;J xd;wp tUtJ vJifahFk;. fUg;gL bghUis cUg;gl itgn; gd; ? rPu; vJif eak; mikeJ; ss; J. Kuz;: ehlL; f;F muz; ghlL; fF; Kuz; bra;as[ py; moapnyh rPupnyh vjpbujpu; bghUs; jUk; tifapy; bjhLff; g;gLtJ Kuz; MFk;. Mf;fy; × mHpj;jy; vd;W Kuzg; ll; brhwf; s; mikjJ; bjhLjj; pUg;gjhy; Kuz; eaKk; css; J. ,iag[ eak:; monjhWk; ,Wjp vGjn; jh/ brhy;nyh ,iaeJ; tuj; bjhLgg; J ,iag[ MFk.; ... g[fGilj; bja;tk; ...bghUbsd; bry;tk; ? ,iag[ eaKk; css; J. mzp eak;: fzz; jhrd; ,gg; hlypy/; fltS[ fF; ,izahf ahndhu; fhyff; zpjk; ehndhu; g[fGilaj; bjat; k; vd cUtfgg; Lj;jp cs;sjhy; ,gg; hlypy; cUtf mzp gapdW; teJ; ss; J. re;j eak;: rej; k; jkpGf;Fr; brhej; k; vdg; jwF; Vw;g/ ,g;ghlypy; `vz;rPu; fHpbeoyo~ Mrpupa tpUjj; k; ,lk; bgwW; ss; J. mftnyhira[ld; ,dpa re;j eaKk; bgwW; ss; J. www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 339 TLjy; tpdhf;fs; ,yf;fzf; Fwpg;g.[ fhyff; zpjk ; ? cUtfk; Mff; y/; mspj;jy;/ mHpj;jy; ? bjhHpwb; gau; bfhsf; / vGJf ? tpa=;nfhs; tpidKwW; bfhsn; thu ; ? tpidahyizak[ ; bgau; mwpe;J ? tpidbarr; k; gFgj cWg;gpyf;fzk;. ,we;j ? ,w + j;(e;); + j; + m mHpj;jy; ? mHp + j; + j; + my; ,w ? gFjp mHp ? gFjp j; ? rej; p/ (e;) MdJ tpfhuk; j; ? re;jp j; ? ,we;jfhy ,ilepiy j; ? ,wej; fhy ,ilepiy m ? bgaburr; tpFjp my ; ? bjhHpw;bgau; tpFjp mku;ntd; ? mku; + t; + Vd; mku ; ? gFjp t; ? vjpu;fhy ,ilepiy Vd; ? Fwpg;g[ tpidKwW; tpFjp gyts[ ; bjupf 1. fhyj;ij bty;gtd; __________. m) Mrpupau ; M) muru; ,) ftp+d ; <) Xtpad ; [tpil: ,) ftp+d]; 2. fzz; jhrdpd; ,awb; gau; ahJ> ,ay; 8 m) Kjj; urd; M) Kj;ijah ,) KjJ; fF; khu; <) KjJ; rhkp [tpil: M) Kj;ijah] 3. fz;zjhrd; gpwej; khtll; k; __________. m) ,uhkehjgu[ k; M) bey;iy ,) gJ[ fn; fhli; l <) rptf=i; f [tpil: <) rptf=;if] 4. fz;zjhrd; gpwe;j Cu; __________. m) rpWTly;glo; M) Tly; khefu; ,) KfT; ly ; <) rptf=;if [tpil: m) rpWTly;glo; ] 5. fz;zjhrd; Kjd; Kjypy; jpiugg; lj;jpw;Fg; ghly; vGjpa Mz;L __________. m) 1939 M) 1942 ,) 1949 <) 1950 [tpil: ,) 1949] 6. fzz; jhrd; vGjpa Kjy; jpiug;glg; ghly; __________. m) thH epidjj; hy; thHyhk; M) fy=f; hjpU kdnk ,) kyuf; isg; nghy; j=;if <) cdi; d mwpej; hy; eP cd;id mwpej; hy;  [tpil: M) fy=;fhjpU kdnk] www.tnpscjob.com

340 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFg;g[ 7. fz;zjhrd; jpiugg; lg; ghly; thapyhf kf;fSfF; __________ czuj; ;jpdhu.; m) bka;apaiy M) cyfpaiy ,) Md;kPfj;ij <) ,yf;fzj;ij [tpil: m) bkaa; paiy] 8. rhfpjj; pa mfhbjkp tpUJ bgw;w fzz; jhrdpd; E}y; __________. m) kh=;fdp M) ,naR fhtpak; ,) nrukhd; fhjyp <) rptf=i; fr; rPik [tpil: ,) nrukhd; fhjyp] 9. jkpHf murpd; muritf; ftp+uhf ,Uej; tu; __________. m) ghujpahu; M) fzz; jhrd; ,) ituKjJ; <) nkjj; h [tpil: M) fz;zjhrd] 10. fzz; jhrd; mlr; ag;ghjj; puk; vd;W vijf; Fwpgg; pLfpwhu>; m) jj;Jtk; M) bfhs;if ,) +hdk ; <) gz;ghL [tpil: m) jjJ; tk]; 11. fz;zjhrd; jd; thfF; @y=f; shf vtwi; wf; Fwpgg; pLfpwhu>; m) jd; E}yf; is M) ciufis ,) ,jH;fis <) tskhu; ftpfis [tpil: <) tskhu; ftpfis] 12. `khww; k; vdJ khdplj; jjJ; tk~; vdw; tu; ahu>; m) ghujpjhrd ; M) ghujp ,) fzz; jhrd; <) bgupahu ; [tpil: ,) fz;zjhrd]; 13. `ftp+d; ahndhu; fhyf; fzpjk;~ ? ,t;tofspy; mike;j eak.; m) vJif M) nkhid ,) ,iag[ <) Kuz; [tpil: M) nkhid] ,ay; 8 14. `g[fH;ej; hy; vd;Dly; g[yy; upf; fhJ ,fHe; ;jhy; vd;kdk; ,weJ; tplhJ-~ ? ,t;tofspy; mike;j Kuz; brhy;> m) vd;Dly ; × vdk; dk; M) g[yy; upf;fhJ × ,weJ; tplhJ ,) gf[ H;e;jhy ; × ,fH;e;jhy; <) gf[ H;ej; hy ; × vd;kdk; [tpil: ,) gf[ H;e;jhy; × ,fHe; j; hy]; 15. `ftp+d; ahndhu; fhyf; fzpjk;~ vdW; Twpatu; __________. m) ghujpahu ; M) ghujpjhrd; ,) Rujh <) fz;zjhrd ; [tpil: <) fzz; jhrd]; 16. `khww; k; vdJ khdplj; jj;Jtk;~ vd;W Twpatu; __________. m) ghujpahu ; M) ghujpjhrd; ,) Rujh <) fzz; jhrd; [tpil: <) fzz; jhrd]; 17. `tzl; ha; vGe;J kyu;fspy; mku;ntd~; ?vdf; Twpatu; __________. m) ghujpahu ; M) ghujpjhrd; ,) Rujh <) fz;zjhrd ; [tpil: <) fz;zjhrd]; www.tnpscjob.com

Mk; tFgg; [ Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH 341 FWtpdh ,ay; 8 1. ftp+d; vd;gtd; ahu;> kdk; vd;Dk; taypy; brhyn; yhu; bfhzL; cGJ/ rpe;jid tpijfisj; J}tp/ klik vdD; k; fis gwpjJ; / jjJ; t ePu;g; ghar; ;rp/ mwk; vdD; k; fjpu; mWg;gtnd ftp+d; Mthd.; 2. vtu; Twhj xd;iwj; jhd; Tw Kidtjhf fz;zjhrd; Fwpgg; pLfpwhu;> fk;gd/; ghujpahu/; ghujpjhrd; Mfpnahu; brhyy; hj rpytwi; wr; brhy;ypl Kidntd; (Kayn; td); vd;W fzz; jhrd; Fwpg;gpLfpwhu.; 3. vitbayy; hk; khwhjit> fhL/ nkL/ kuk;/ fy;/ tdtpy=F; fs; Mfpait khwhjitahFk;. 4. fzz; jhrdpd; rpwg;gpay;gf[ s; ahit> ghly;fs; gi[ dtjpy;/ ,yf;fpa cyfpy; rpwe;j ftp+u/; ngr;rhsu/; ,jHhsu; nghdw; tw;wpy; rpweJ; tps=f; pdhu;. 5. fz;zjhrdpd; bgw;nwhu; ahtu>; fzz; jhrdpd; bgw;nwhu; : rhjj; g;gd;/ tprhyhl;rp Mtu;. 6. `Mf;fy; mspjj; y;/ mHpjj; y,; k; @dW; k; mtDk; ahDnk mwpej; it~ ? mtDk; ahDk; ahtu;> ŒŒ mtd; vd;gJ ,iwtd; (,iwtd); ŒŒ ahd; vd;gJ ftp+dhfpa fzz; jhrd.; 7. `fUg;gLg; bghUis cUgg; l itgn; gd;~ ahu;> fUg;gLg; bghUis cUgg; l itg;gtu; ftp+u; (fzz; jhrd); . 8. `cs;tha; thuj; ;ij clkg; [ bjhlhJ~ ? ,jb; jhlu; bghUs; MHj;ij tpsfF; f. xUtu; jd; thahy; g[fHt; Jk; ,fH;tJk; ek; clk;gpd; kPJ te;J nruhJ. rpWtpdh 1. fz;zjhrd; gw;wpf; Fwpgg; [ tiuf. ,aw;bgau; : Kj;ijah gpwg;g[ : 24.6.1927 bgwn; whu ; : rhjj; g;gd; ? tprhyhl;rp Cu ; : rptf=;if ? rpWTly;gl;o rpwgg; [ : jkpHf muritf; ftp+u; rhfpj;jpa mfhbjkp tpUJ ? ,naR fhtpak; gi[ dgb; gau; : tz=;fhKo/ Mnuhf;fpaehjd/; fhiuKj;Jg;gy[ tu;. ,wg;g[ : 17.10.1981 2. fhyff; zpjk; ftpijapy; ,lk; bgWk; Kuz; brhwf; is vGJf. ŒŒ rup × jtW  gf[ He; ;jhy; × ,fH;e;jhy; ŒŒ Mf;fy; × mHpj;jy ;  jPik × edi; k ŒŒ mtDk; × ahDk ;  bjhlff; k; × Kot[ ŒŒ cz;lhapd; × ,y;yhapd; www.tnpscjob.com

342 Nh;ah ,sikj;jkpnH Mk; tFgg; [ 3. `ftp+d; ahndhu; fhyf; fzpjk; fUg;gL bghUis cUg;gl itg;ngd;~ ? ,l+;Rl;og; bghUs; tpsff; k; jUf. ,lk; Rl;ly:; fz;zjhrd; ftpijj;bjhFgg; py; `fhyff; zpjk~; vdD; k; jiyg;gpy; ,t;tupfs; ftp+u; TWtjhf mikeJ; s;sJ. bghUs; tpsf;fk:; ftp+dhfpa ehd; fhykhfpa fzpjk; nghdw; td;. ftpijfspy; fUthd bghUisf; Tl gadg; Lk; bghUshf MfF; ntd; vdf; pwhu; ftp+u;. 4. `ehnd bjhlff; k;\" ehnd Kot[\" ehDiug; gJjhd; ehlo; d; rl;lk;-~ ? ,l+;Rl;og; bghUs; tpsff; k; jUf. ,lk; Rll; y;: fz;zjhrd; ftpijj;bjhFg;gpy; `fhyff; zpjk;~ vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; ,t;tupfs; ftp+u; TWtjhf mikeJ; ss; J. bghUs; tpsff; k:; ftp+dhfpa ehnd midjj; pd; bjhlff; k; Mntd;. ehnd Kotk[ ; Mntd;. ehd; brhyt; J jhd; ehl;oDila rl;lk; MFk;. 5. `ftp+d; ahndhu; fhyf; fzpjk~; ? vdj; bjhl=F; k; ftp+u; fz;zjhrdpd; ftpijapy; c=f; isf; ftue; j; @d;W bjhluf; is vGjp fhuzji; jf; Fwpgg; pLf. g[fHe; ;jhy; vdD; ly; gy[ y; upf; fhJ ,fHe; j; hy; vdk; dk; ,weJ; tplhJ~ ? jd;id xUtu; gf[ H;tjpdhy; bgUkfpH;rr; pailtnjh/ ,fH;tjpdhy; kdk; tUe;Jtnjh ,yi; y vdg; J gz;gl;l kdj;jpwF; r; rhdw; hfpwJ. ,ay; 8 `bryt; u;j=; ifapy; rpiwg;gl khl;nld;\" gjtp thSfF; k; gagg; l khln; ld;-~~ ? vdg; jpypUe;J gznkh/ gjtpnah jd;id xUnghJk; moikgg; Lj;j ,ayhJ vd;gjwF; r; rhd;whf mikfpwJ. `vtb; tit jPik vt;btit ed;ik vdg; jwpeJ; VFbkd; rhiy-~ ? eyy; J vJ bfll; J vJ vd;gjwpeJ; gFj;jwpt[ld; brayg; Ltjw;Fr; rhd;whfpwJ. beLtpdh 1. fz;zjhrdpd; `fhyf;fzpjk;` ftpijf; fUjJ; fspy; cdi; df; ftue; j; ijr; RUff; p vGJf. ŒŒ ftp+d; ehd; Xu; fhyf;fzpjk; fUthfpa bghUis cUg;gl itgn; gd.; g{kpapy; g[fGfF; cupa bja;tk; ehd.; ŒŒ bghdi; dtpl caue; ;jJ vd; bry;tk.; xU bray; rup vd;why; vLjJ; r; brhyn; td;\" jtW vd;why; vjpug; ;ngd.; mJjhd; vd; ntiy. ŒŒ Kj;bjhHpy; ehDk; mtDk; klL; nk mwpej; J. bryt; u; thspy; rpiwgg; l khln; ld;. gjtp thSfF; g; gag;gl khl;nld.; md;g[k/; tpUg;gKk; kpFe;J Mir jUtij tpUk;gn[ td.; ŒŒ vd;dplk; czL; vd;why;/ gpwu; cz;zj; jUntd.; ,y;iy vdw; hy; gpwu; ,yy; k; jl;Lntd.; tzL; nghy khwp kyupy; mkue; ;J/ Fojj; njid Cug; ;gw[ k; jUntd.; www.tnpscjob.com