tech-2022_10(103)

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Авдеева Анна Николаевна канд. техн. наук, доцент кафедры «Материаловедение и машиностроение» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Косимов Хусан Рахматуллаевич ст. преподаватель кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Сафаров Уткир Истамович магистр, ассистент кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент ABSTRACT The kinematic parameters of the movement of freight trains and the main energy indicators of the use of 3VL80S electric locomotives in quantitative terms on the Marokand - Navoi section of \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" JSC are sub- stantiated in the form of tabular data and of graphical dependencies. Recommended for introduction into working practice of shop of the operation of the locomotive depot Bukhara of the Uzbek railway. АННОТАЦИЯ Обоснованы кинематические параметры движения грузовых поездов и основные энергетические показатели использования электровозов 3ВЛ80С в количественном исчислении на участке Мароканд – Навои АО «Ўзбекистон темир йўллари» в виде табличных данных и графических зависимостей. Рекомендуются для внедрения в практику работы цеха эксплуатации локомотивного депо Бухара Узбекской железной дороги. Keywords: freight train, electric locomotive, railway, parameter, station, time, speed, traction calculation, hilly - mountainous, stop, expense. Kлючевые слова: грузовой поезд, электровоз, железная дорога, параметр, станция, время, скорость, тяговый расчёт, холмисто – горный, остановка, расход. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ At the department \"Locomotives and locomotive To achieve the goal of the research, the authors used economy\" of the Tashkent State Transport University, traction calculation for the nominal position of the driver research is being carried out to substantiate the energy controller of the studied electric locomotive in combination efficiency of using different types of traction electric with idle and braking modes, based on the initial data [2] rolling stock on existing and under construction railway and recommendations [3-5] of the theory of locomotive lines and sections of \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" JSC. traction. The present research, carried out in parallel with [1], The results of the traction calculation are given in is devoted to determining the kinematic parameters of table. 1 and table. 2, where the values of the kinematic the movement of freight trains and the parameters of the parameters of the movement of freight trains along the main indicators of the transportation work of the main hauls of the hilly - mountainous section of Marokand - (train) three-section freight electric locomotives 3VL80S Navoi \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" JSC are indicated, on the hilly-mountainous section of Marokand - Navoi taking into account the implementation of the maximum of the Uzbek railway. Here, the driving of freight trains power of power energy systems and traction qualities of with a unified mass of the composition Q = 3000 t and the studied 3VL80S electric locomotives, and the kinetic the number of axles in the composition of m = 200 axles energy of the train on each specific element of the profile was carried out (organized) by the mentioned 3VL80S way. electric locomotives without stops and with stops at in- termediate stations, sidings and separate points. 44

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Table 1. The travel time of a freight train for hauls per passage, intermediate stations, sidings and separate points for deceleration – acceleration № in order Intermediate Distance, km Travel time, min Deceleration time/ stations acceleration, min - - 1 Marokand 8,75 7,50 -/2,00 29,00 22,85 1,40/1,05 2 Juma 24,00 18,30 1,15/0,85 11,25 9,20 1,10/0,65 3 Nurbulak 16,85 14,00 1,05/0,80 4 Кattakurgan 27,15 18,80 1,40/0,80 5 Siding № 28 23,50 16,40 1,30/1,50 140,5 107,05 6 Zirabulak 1,20/- 1,23/0,95 7 Ziyovuddin 8 Navoi Jami Table 2. Distribution of the travel time of a freight train in the organization of transportation work electric locomotives 3VL80S on the hilly-mountain section of Marokand-Navoi Train time of a freight train № in Hauls (without stops / with stops), min order Marokand - Juma on the haul in mode 1 Juma - Nurbulak 2 Nurbulak - Кattakurgan traction idling and braking 3 Кattakurgan – Siding № 28 4 Siding № 28- Zirabulak 7,50/8,80 2,85/2,10 4,65/6,70 5 Zirabulak - Ziyovuddin 6 Ziyovuddin - Navoi 22,85/24,80 2,70/4,15 20,15/20,65 7 Marokand - Navoi 18,30/19,50 3,05/3,80 15,25/15,70 9,20/10,80 2,00/3,55 7,20/7,25 14,00/15,20 5,90/5,80 8,10/9,40 18,80/20,90 4,20/5,10 14,60/15,80 16,40/18,95 3,90/6,00 12,50/12,95 107,05/118,95 24,60/30,50 82,45/88,45 Data analysis table. 1 and table. 2 shows that the  increase - decrease, respectively, of the shares of movement in the modes of traction, idling and braking, movement of freight trains on a given hilly-mountainous by approximately 2.66 percent. section of the railway, organized without stops at inter- In table. 3 shows the values of the total (total) and specific consumption of electrical energy, which is spent mediate stations, sidings and separate points in relation by each mentioned 3VL80S electric locomotive in the process of realizing the movement of only its (specific) to similar movement with stops at them, contributes to: freight train along the hauls of the hilly-mountainous section of Marokand - Navoi of the Uzbek railway.  a decrease in the total travel time of the train by Table 3. 11.9 minutes with an increase technical speed of move- ment by 7.72 km / h with an average estimated time one stop in 1.7 minutes;- значениям долей движения на режимах тяги в 22,98 процента, а холостого хода и торможения в 77,02 процента; Consumption of electrical energy by 3VL80S electric locomotives during the movement of a freight train along the stretches of the hilly - mountainous section of Marokand - Navoi № in Total for hauls and section A, kWh order Hauls Specifics for hauls and section a, Wh/tkm gross without stops with stops 1 Marokand - Juma 363,29/13,89 372,04/14,22 2 Juma - Nurbulak 487,54/5,70 798,18/9,33 3 Nurbulak - Кattakurgan 4 Кattakurgan – Siding № 28 496,63/6,87 654,31/9,05 5 Siding № 28- Zirabulak 409,03/12,49 566,82/17,30 6 Zirabulak - Ziyovuddin 895,50/21,01 908,04/21,30 7 Ziyovuddin - Navoi 698,40/8,58 792,43/9,74 Marokand - Navoi 657,61/9,25 1003,30/14,11 4008,0/9,71 5095,12/12,35 45

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. The values of the total (total) and specific consump- On fig. 1 shows the diagram of the distribution of tion of electrical energy, indicated in table. 3, were de- the average travel time of a freight train along the hauls termined (calculated) according to the known formulas of the hilly-mountainous section of Marokand-Navoi [3,4,5] taking into account the previously constructed in- \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" JSC. Here, the value of the tegral curves of the speed V(S) and travel time t(S) of average travel time of a freight train along the hauls is the train, the current I(S) for the electric locomotive un- increased by one and a half times. der study on the above-mentioned hilly - mountainous section of the railway track. Figure 1. Distribution of the average travel time of a freight train along the stretches of the hilly - mountainous section of Marokand – Navoi On fig. 2 shows the distribution diagram of the average similar driving without stops at the latter, provides an total (total) and specific consumption of electrical en- increase in electrical energy consumption, on average, ergy by the studied 3VL80S electric locomotives along by approximately 27.12 percent. the hauls of the hilly - mountainous section of Marokand - Navoi for real conditions for organizing the movement  the consumption of electrical energy for one stop of freight trains. at intermediate stations, sidings and separate points is approximately 155.3 kWh. On fig. 2 the average value of the specific energy consumption of the main (train) three-section freight  specific consumption of electrical energy per electric locomotives 3VL80S has been increased twenty stop is approximately 0.377 Wh/t km gross. five times.  the average value of the total (total) and specific As a result of the research, the values of some main consumption of electrical energy for each stage of the indicators of the transportation of main (train) three-sec- section, respectively, is 572.57 kWh and 1.387 Wh / t km tion electric locomotives 3VL80S on the hilly and gross - movement without stops at intermediate stations, mountainous section of Marokand - Navoi \"O'zbekiston sidings and separate points, as well as 727.87 kWh and temir yo'llari\" JSC were obtained: 1.764 Wh/t gross km – traffic with stops at the latter.  the average estimated net travel time of a freight  the average value of the average value of the total train over hauls and the total acceleration-deceleration (total) and specific the consumption of electrical energy time at intermediate stations, sidings and separate points, for both types of traffic on each leg of the section, re- respectively, is approximately 15.3 and 2.18 minutes. spectively, is approximately 650.22 kWh and 1.576 Wh/t km gross.  driving freight trains with stops at intermediate stations, sidings and separate points, in comparison with 46

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Figure 2. Dynamics of the average consumption of electric energy by electric locomotives 3VL80S along the stretches of the hilly - mountainous section of Marokand – Navoi The kinematic parameters of the movement of a traction qualities of hauls track profile of real hilly- freight train, the total (full) and specific consumption of mountainous and identical virtual sections, as well as electrical energy by the main (train) three-section electric analysis of the influence of the above-mentioned param- locomotives 3VL80S on the hilly and mountainous section eters on improving the efficiency of using this part of the of Marokand - Navoi, clearly, can be quite successfully Uzbek railway, taking into account the cost of rail trans- implemented by specialists of linear enterprises of the portation of goods of different content and structure. locomotive economy in the process of assessing the Reference: 1. Ablyalimov O.S. Study of the operation of diesel locomotives UzTE16M3 on a hilly - mountainous section of \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" JSC [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov // Scientific and technical journal \"Bulletin of transport of the Volga region\" / Samara state. University of Communications. - Samara, 2016. No. 3 (57) - P. 16 - 22. 2. Ablyalimov O.S. On the study of the efficiency of using electric traction on the Marokand - Navoi section [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov, F.A. Salimov // Republic of Ilmiy - Amaliy Anzhumani \"Ta'limning uzviyligi va uzliksizligini ta'minlash - soha taraqqiyotining muhim mezoni” / Tashkent davlat iqtisodiyot university. - Tashkent, 2015. - S. 92 - 95. 3. Ablyalimov O.S. Fundamentals of locomotive management [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov, E.S. Ushakov // Textbook for professional colleges of railway transport. - Tashkent: \"Davr\", 2012. - 392 p. 4. Deev V.V. Traction of trains [Text] / V.V. Deev, G.A. Ilyin, G.S. Afonin // Textbook for universities. - M.: Transport, 1987. - 264 p. 5. Kuzmich V.D., Theory of locomotive traction [Text] / V. D Kuzmich, V.S. Rudnev, S. Ya. Frenkel // Textbook for railway transport universities. - M .: Route, 2005. - 448 p. 47

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. TO THE EFFICIENCY OF USING ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES 3VL80S ON THE HILLY - MOUNTAINOUS SECTION OF THE RAILWAY Oleg Ablyalimov Candidate of Technical Sciences, professor, professor of the chair «Loсomotives and locomotive economy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Jasurbek Yakubov Master, аssistant of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Anna Avdeyeva Candidate of Technical Sciences, associate professor of the chair «Materials science and mechanical engineering» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Khusan Kosimov Senior lecturer of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Utkir Safarov Master, аssistant of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] К ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОВОЗОВ 3ВЛ80С НА ХОЛМИСТО - ГОРНОМ УЧАСТКЕ ЖЕЛЕЗНОЙ ДОРОГИ Аблялимов Олег Сергеевич канд. техн. наук, проф., проф. кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Якубов Жасурбек Камолиддинович магистр, ассистент кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Авдеева Анна Николаевна канд. техн. наук, доцент кафедры «Материаловедение и машиностроение» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент __________________________ Библиографическое описание: TO THE EFFICIENCY OF USING ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES 3VL80S ON THE HILLY - MOUNTAINOUS SECTION OF THE RAILWAY // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. Ablyalimov O.S. [и др.]. 2022. 10(103). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14357

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Косимов Хусан Рахматуллаевич ст. преподаватель кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Сафаров Уткир Истамович магистр, ассистент кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент ABSTRACT The results of studies on the assessment of the energy efficiency of the use of 3VL80S electric locomotives on a hilly- mountainous section of the railway track when freight trains move without stops and with stops at intermediate stations, sidings and separate points are presented. АННОТАЦИЯ Представлены результаты исследований по оценке энергетической эффективности использования электро- возов 3VL80S на холмисто – горном участке железнодорожного пути при движении грузовых поездов без остановок и с остановками на промежуточных станциях, разъездах и раздельных пунктах. Keywords: freight train, electric locomotive, railway, parameter, station, time, speed, traction calculation, hilly- mountainous, stop, expense. Kлючевые слова: грузовой поезд, электровоз, железная дорога, параметр, станция, время, скорость, тяговый расчёт, холмисто – горный, остановка, расход. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ The present studies are a logical continuation of the The implementation of the research goal was carried works [1,2] and are devoted to determining the kinematic out by performing a \"classical\" traction calculation, parameters of the movement of freight trains and the pa- using the nominal position of the controller of the driver rameters of the main indicators of the transportation of the studied electric locomotive in combination with work of the main (train) three-section electric locomo- idling and braking modes, the initial data [1,3] and tives 3VL80S on the hilly-mountainous section of recommendations [4-6] of the theory of locomotive Marokand - Navoi of the Uzbek railway. The driving of traction. freight trains with the maximum train mass Q = 3500 t for the studied railway direction and the number of axles in The results of the traction calculation are given in the train m = 200 axles was organized by the mentioned table. 1 and table. 2, where the values of some kinematic 3VL80S electric locomotives without stops and with parameters of the movement of freight trains along the stops at intermediate stations, sidings and separate hauls of the hilly - mountainous section of Marokand - points. Navoi of \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" JSC are indicated. Table 1. The travel time of a freight train for hauls per passage, intermediate stations, sidings and separate points for deceleration – acceleration № in Intermediate Distance, km Travel time, min Deceleration time/ order stations acceleration, min - - 1 Marokand 8,75 7,80 -/2,00 2 Juma 29,00 23,15 1,40/1,00 3 Nurbulak 24,00 18,65 1,15/0,60 4 Кattakurgan 11,25 9,35 1,10/0,65 5 Siding № 28 16,85 14,20 0,85/0,80 6 Zirabulak 27,15 19,00 1,30/1,00 7 Ziyovuddin 23,50 16,70 1,50/1,40 8 Navoi 140,5 108,85 Jami 1,40/- 1,24/1,06 49

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Table 2. Distribution of the travel time of a freight train in the organization of transportation work electric locomotives 3VL80S on the hilly-mountain section of Marokand-Navoi № in Hauls Train time of a freight train order (without stops / with stops), min on the haul in mode traction idling and braking 1 Marokand - Juma 7,80/9,00 3,30/2,30 4,50/6,70 2 Juma - Nurbulak 23,15/24,90 3,00/4,50 20,15/20,40 3 Nurbulak - Кattakurgan 4 Кattakurgan – Siding № 28 18,65/19,55 3,85/4,10 14,80/15,45 5 Siding № 28- Zirabulak 9,35/10,80 2,20/3,75 7,15/7,05 6 Zirabulak - Ziyovuddin 14,20/15,60 6,30/6,30 7,90/9,30 7 Ziyovuddin - Navoi 19,00/21,20 4,40/5,65 14,60/15,55 Marokand - Navoi 16,70/19,40 4,30/6,80 12,40/12,60 108,85/120,45 27,35/33,40 81,50/87,05 The mentioned movement was carried out by main  decrease - increase, respectively, of the shares of (train) cargo three-section electric locomotives 3VL80S, movement in the modes of traction, idling and braking taking into account the realization of the maximum pos- by about 2.6 percent. sible power of power energy systems and traction qual- ities (properties) of the locomotive, as well as the kinetic In table. 3 shows the values of the total (full) and energy of the train on each specific element of the track specific consumption of electrical energy, which was profile. spent by the main (train) freight three-section electric lo- comotive 3VL80S in the process of organizing the Analysis data table. 1 and table. 2 shows that the movement of only its (specific) freight train along the movement of freight trains on a given hilly-mountainous hauls of the hilly-mountainous section of Marokand - section of the railway, organized with stops at intermediate Navoi of the Uzbek railway. stations, sidings and separate points in relation to similar movement without stops at them, provides: The values of the total (total) and specific consumption of electrical energy, indicated in table. 3, were determined  an increase in the total time of the train by (calculated) according to well-known formulas [4-6] 11.6 minutes with a decrease in the technical speed of taking into account the integral curves we previously movement by 7.3 km/h with an average estimated time constructed for the speed V (S) and travel time t (S) of per stop of about 1.66 minutes; the train, current I (S) for the electric locomotive under study on the aforementioned hilly - mountain section of  the values of the shares of movement in traction the railway. modes by 27.73 percent, and idling and braking by 72.27 percent; Table 3. Consumption of electrical energy by 3VL80S electric locomotives during the movement of a freight train along the stretches of the hilly-mountainous section of Marokand - Navoi № in Total for hauls and section A, kWh order Hauls Specifics for hauls and section a, Wh/tkm gross without stops with stops 1 Marokand - Juma 396,49/12,99 406,98/13,33 2 Juma - Nurbulak 514,54/5,15 847,44/8,49 3 Nurbulak - Кattakurgan 4 Кattakurgan – Rаz'ezd № 28 523,70/6,21 693,70/8,22 5 Rаz'ezd № 28- Zirabulak 414,45/10,84 595,60/15,58 6 Zirabulak - Ziyovuddin 998,18/20,07 1009,55/20,30 7 Ziyovuddin - Navoi 773,46/8,14 893,37/9,41 Marokand - Navoi 675,74/8,15 1031,06/12,13 4296,49/8,92 5477,70/11,38 On fig. 1 shows a diagram of the distribution locomotives 3VL80S, when they organize rail transpor- of the average time of movement of a freight train tation of goods on the hilly-mountainous section of along the hauls, taking into account the various modes Marokand - Navoi \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" JSC. of operation of the power energy systems of electric 50

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Figure 1. Distribution of the average travel time of a freight train along the stretches of the hilly - mountainous section of Marokand – Navoi On fig. 2 shows the distribution diagram of the av- of Marokand - Navoi, spent by the main (train) three- eraged total (total) and specific consumption of electri- section electric locomotives 3VL80S for organizing the cal energy for hauls of the hilly - mountainous section movement of freight trains in real operating conditions. Figure 2. Dynamics of the average consumption of electric energy by electric locomotives 3VL80S along the stretches of the hilly - mountainous section of Marokand – Navoi On fig. 2 the average value of the specific consump- points, respectively, is approximately 15.55 and 2.3 tion of electrical energy by the main (train) three-section minutes; freight electric locomotives 3VL80S has been increased thirty times.  driving freight trains with stops at intermediate stations, sidings and separate points, in comparison with As a result of our research, the following values similar driving without stops at the latter, provides an were obtained for the parameters of some of the main increase in electrical energy consumption, on average, indicators of the transportation work of the main (train) by approximately 27.49 percent; three-section electric locomotives 3VL80S on the hilly- mountainous section of Marokand - Navoi \"O'zbekiston  the consumption of electrical energy for one stop temir yo'llari\" JSC: at intermediate separate points is approximately 168.74 kWh;  the average estimated net travel time of a freight train along the hauls and the total acceleration-decelera-  specific consumption of electrical energy per tion time at intermediate stations, sidings and separate stop is approximately 0.351 Wh / t km gross; 51

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г.  the average value of the total (total) and specific The kinematic parameters of the movement of a consumption of electrical energy for each stage of the freight train and the values of the consumption of elec- section, respectively, is 613.78 kWh and 1.274 Wh / t km trical energy consumed by the main (train) freight three- gross - movement without stops at intermediate stations, section electric locomotives 3VL80S in the process of sidings and separate points, as well as 782.53 kWh and implementing rail transportation of goods of different 1.626 Wh/t gross km – traffic with stops at the latter; content and structure on the hilly-mountainous section of Marokand - Navoi are recommended to specialists of  the average value of the average value of the total the locomotive depot operation shop Bukhara of \"Uz- (total) and specific consumption of electrical energy for bekiston\" temir yo'llari\" JSC. And, they can be used in both types of traffic on each stage of the section, respec- the practice of the work of machinists - instructors in tively, is approximately 698.16 kWh and 1.45 Wh/t km heat engineering, who are involved in the development gross. of regime maps for driving freight trains on real hilly - mountainous and other virtual railway sections identical to them. Reference: 1. Ablyalimov O.S. Study of the transportation work of electric locomotives 3VL80S on the hilly-mountainous section of \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" JSC [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov // Scientific and technical journal \"Bulletin of transport of the Volga region\" / Samara state. University of Communications. - Samara, 2016. No. 5 (59) - P. 16 - 22. 2. Ablyalimov O.S. To the study of the operation of electric locomotives on a hilly - mountainous section of the railway [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov, A.P. Vohidov, I.R. Omonov // I International Scientific and Practical Conference \" Locomotives. Gas engine fuel. (Problems. Solutions. Prospects)\" / Samara State University. University of Communications. - Samara, 2016. - S. 37 - 42. 3. Ablyalimov O.S. Study of the operation of diesel locomotives UzTE16M3 on a hilly-mountainous section of JSC \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" JSC [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov // Scientific and technical journal \"Bulletin of transport of the Volga region\" / Samara state. University of Communications. - Samara, 2016. No. 3 (57) - P. 16 - 22. 4. Ablyalimov O.S. Fundamentals of locomotive management [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov, E.S. Ushakov // Textbook for professional colleges of railway transport. - Tashkent: \"Davr\", 2012. - 392 p. 5. Deev V.V. Traction of trains [Text] / V.V. Deev, G.A. Ilyin, G.S. Afonin // Textbook for universities. - M.: Transport, 1987. - 264 p. 6. Kuzmich V.D., Theory of locomotive traction [Text] / V. D Kuzmich, V.S. Rudnev, S. Ya. Frenkel // Textbook for universities of railway transport. - M .: Route, 2005. - 448 p. 52

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. EVALUATION OF INDICATORS OF TRANSPORTATION WORK OF THE DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES ON THE MAROKAND - KATTAKURGAN DISTRICT OF UZBEK RAILWAY Oleg Ablyalimov Candidate of Technical Sciences, professor, professor of the chair «Loсomotives and locomotive economy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Anna Avdeyeva Candidate of Technical Sciences,, associate professor of the chair «Materials science and mechanical engineering» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Otabek KHamidov Doctor of Technical Sciences, Head of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Khusan Kosimov Senior lecturer of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Obidjan Кasimov Master, senior lecturer of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Jasurbek Yakubov Master, аssistant of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Utkir Safarov Master, аssistant of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] __________________________ Библиографическое описание: EVALUATION OF INDICATORS OF TRANSPORTATION WORK OF THE DIE- SEL LOCOMOTIVES ON THE MAROKAND - KATTAKURGAN DISTRICT OF UZBEK RAILWAY // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. Ablyalimov O.S. [и др.]. 2022. 10(103). URL: https://7univer- sum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14416

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. ОЦЕНКА ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ПЕРЕВОЗОЧНОЙ РАБОТЫ ЛОКОМОТИВОВ ДИЗЕЛЬНОЙ ТЯГИ НА УЧАСТКЕ МАРОКАНД – КАТТАКУРГАН УЗБЕКСКОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗНОЙ ДОРОГИ Аблялимов Олег Сергеевич канд. техн. наук, проф., проф. кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Авдеева Анна Николаевна канд. техн. наук, доц. кафедры «Материаловедение и машиностроение» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Хамидов Отабек Рустамович д-р техн. наук, зав. кафедрой «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Косимов Хусан Рахматуллаевич ст. преподаватель кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Касимов Обиджан Таирджанович магистр, ст. преподаватель кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Якубов Жасурбек Камолиддинович магистр, ассистент кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Сафаров Уткир Истамович магистр, ассистент кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент ABSTRACT Introduced the results of the investigation of the transport logistics on validation of transportation working of the 3ТЕ10М diesel locomotives оn a hilly-mountainous road section of railway track by of the movement freight trains with and without stopping on through stations, passing-tracks and division points. АННОТАЦИЯ Представлены результаты исследований по обоснованию логистических показателей перевозочной работы тепловозов 3ТЭ10М на холмисто – горном участке железной дороги при движении грузовых поездов без остано- вок и с остановками на промежуточных станциях, разъездах и раздельных пунктах. Keywords: investigation, result, the freight train, the diesel locomotive, railway track, transport logistics, exploitation, the stage, analysis, the station, hilly - mountainous Ключевые слова: исследование, результат, грузовой поезд, тепловоз, железнодорожный путь, транспортная логистика, эксплуатация, разъезд, анализ, станция, холмисто - горный. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 54

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. The solution of some problems of transport logistics track section of the hilly-mountainous direction Samar- of a comprehensive program for the development and kand - Navoi - Bukhara of \"Uzbekiston Temir Yullari\" modernization of the railway industry of Uzbekistan for JSC. The subject of the study is the main logistical indi- the current years is directly related to a clear formulation cators, such as speed and time, the movement of a freight and correct justification for increasing the efficiency of train of a standard mass of rolling stock, and the logisti- using the locomotive fleet of the JSC \"Uzbekiston Temir cal parameters of energy intensity, which include the Yullari\", which also includes a diesel fleet. cost of natural diesel fuel for train traction. This article will consider the efficiency of the fuel and energy use of The most important, key and most important factor diesel locomotives 3TE10M on the Marokand - in transport logistics, along with the traction qualities Kattakurgan section of the Uzbek railway. and properties of the track profile of railway sections, is a complex system of basic logistical indicators of the en- The research method provides for the analysis and ergy efficiency of train electric traction. evaluation of various traction quality and track profile properties [2,3,4]. Using the method of \"assessing the Therefore, the study of the logistic indicators of the efficiency of using diesel traction rolling stock on a efficiency of the transportation work of the main loco- hilly-mountainous section of the railway\" [2], the au- motives of diesel traction on sections of Uzbek railways thors carry out an analysis according to the criterion of of various difficulty is an urgent task of the Joint Stock difficulty and complexity of each stage of a given sec- Company \"Uzbekiston Temir Yullari\". tion of Marokand - Kattakurgan \"Uzbekiston Temir Yullari\" JSC. The basis of the results of the study is the There are flat, hilly, hilly-mountainous and moun- logistic indicators of the efficiency of the transportation tainous railway sections [1]. Each of these types of relief work of diesel traction locomotives. The evaluation cri- has a significant impact not only on the nature of the terion was the reduced values of the total (total) and spe- movement of the train, but also on the operation of cific consumption of full-scale diesel fuel for train power electrical installations and the efficiency of the traction for various options for the movement of freight traction and energy characteristics of locomotives, and trains [5]. The criterion for evaluating fuel consumption as a result, on the main logistical indicators of the energy is characterized by the operation of power plants of the efficiency of electric traction of trains. locomotive, in traction mode, per unit of time, in real operating conditions. Based on the results of the re- The article presents the substantiation of the main search, the values of the logistic indicators of the move- logistical indicators of the efficiency of freight transpor- ment of a freight train of standard mass Q=3000 tons tation of diesel traction locomotives in real traffic con- (number of axles m=200 axles) were obtained (table 1). ditions on one of the hilly-mountainous sections of the The logistic parameters of the energy intensity of the Uzbek railway. And also, an assessment is given of the freight locomotive 3TE10M are shown in table 2 calcu- influence of the parameters indicated above on the en- lations were made for each stage of the hilly-mountain ergy efficiency of the electric traction of the locomotive, section of Marokand - Kattakurgan of the Joint Stock taking into account the properties of the profile of the Company \"Uzbekiston Temir Yullari\". railway section. The object of the study are three-section mainline freight diesel locomotives of the 3TE10M series and a straightened section of the Marokand - Kattakurgan Table 1. Logistic indicators of the movement of a freight train on hauls section Marokand – Kattakurgan, non-stop traffic Technical speed V, Train running time, min km/h № Hauls in mode 70,41 on the haul 1 Marokand – Juma 76,72 2 Juma - Nurbulak 67,73 thrust mode idling and braking 3 Nurbulak - Kattargan 72,03 4 Marokand – Kattakurgan 7,75 4,40 3,75 22,30 4,85 17,45 21,40 4,50 16,90 51,45 13,75 37,70 Table 2. Logistic parameters of energy intensity of diesel locomotives 3TE10M when a freight train moves along the section Marokand - Kattakurgan № Hauls General for hauls and section E, kg 1 Marokand – Juma 2 Juma - Nurbulak Specific for hauls and section e, kg/104 t km gross 3 Nurbulak - Kattargan 4 Marokand – Kattakurgan without stops with stops 115,15 / 42,20 116,81 / 42,81 142,11 / 16,61 225,27 / 26,33 132,66 / 18,30 181,69 / 25,07 389,48 / 21,02 523,77 / 28,27 55

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. An analysis of the operation of diesel locomotives 5.13 percent compared to the movement of a freight train 3TE10M on the hilly-mountainous section of the Joint- with stops at intermediate stations and sidings. Stock Company \"Uzbekiston Temir Yullari\" (Table. 1), and studies carried out earlier [3, 4] showed that the Based on the research done, graphs of the distribution movement of freight trains on the section Marokand - of the logistic parameters of energy intensity were plotted Kattakurgan, which runs without stopping at intermedi- (Figure 1 and Figure 2). The values of full-scale diesel ate stations, sidings and separate points, provides: fuel consumption for train traction are plotted along the y-axis: E, e - respectively, total (total) and specific, and  a decrease in the train travel time by 8.05 minutes E*, e* - respectively, reduced total (total) and specific. and an increase in the technical speed of movement by The values of the total consumption E of full-scale diesel 9.75 km/h with an average estimated time per stop fuel per trip and the evaluation criteria E* and e* of the of approximately 2.68 minutes; traction quality and the properties of the track profile in fig. 1 and fig. 2, respectively, reduced by 1.5 and 2 times,  the share of movement in traction modes in increased by 8 and 16 times. 26.72 percent, and idling and braking in 73.28 percent;  a decrease in the share of traffic in the traction mode and its increase in the idling and braking mode by Figure 1. Graph of the logistic parameters of the energy intensity of diesel locomotives 3TE10M on the section Marokand - Kattakurgan, non-stop traffic Figure 2. Graph of the logistic parameters of the energy intensity of diesel locomotives 3TE10M on the section Marokand - Kattakurgan, traffic with stops 56

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. An analysis of the results of the conducted studies,  on the stretch Marokand - Juma - 12.66 / taking into account the data from [3, 4], leads to the fol- 4.64 units - movement without stops and 12.843 / lowing generalizing conclusions. 4.707 units - movement with stops at intermediate sta- tions, separate points and sidings; 1. The values of the main logistic indicators of the transportation work of the above-mentioned 3TE10M  Juma - Nurbulak section - 4.984 / 0.582 and diesel locomotives on the Marokand - Kattakurgan sec- 7.900 / 0.923 units in the process of movement, respec- tion of the Uzbek railway: tively, without stops and with stops at intermediate stations, sidings and intermediate points;  the average estimated travel time of a freight train along hauls with stops at intermediate stations, sep-  on the stretch Nurbulak - Kattakurgan - 5.492 / arate points and sidings, and for acceleration - decelera- 0.757 units - movement without stops and 7.521 / tion is 19.83 minutes and 1.35 and 1.78 minutes; 1.038 units - movement with stops at intermediate sta- tions, sidings and separate points.  the average estimated travel time of a freight train on hauls without stops at intermediate stations, separate Thus, from the analysis and assessment of the com- points and sidings is approximately 17.15 minutes; plexity of the track profile of the railway section Marokand - Kattakurgan of the hilly-mountainous direc-  the movement of freight trains without stops at tion Samarkand - Navoi - Bukhara, it can be concluded sidings, intermediate stations and separate points, in that the Marokand - Juma section is difficult, and the comparison with their movement with stops at them, other sections of Juma - Nurbulak and Nurbulak - contributes to a decrease in the total (total) and specific Kattakurgan are relatively easy. consumption of full-scale diesel fuel, on average, by ap- proximately 25.64 percent; The results of the research should be used by ma- chinists, instructors in heat engineering and specialists  the consumption of full-scale diesel fuel for one of the operation shop of the Bukhara locomotive depot. stop at an intermediate station, a separate point and sidings It is recommended: to develop measures to reduce the is 67.14 kg, and for one acceleration - deceleration, this consumption of fuel and energy resources for train traction; consumption, on average, corresponds to 36.32 kg / stop. make an assessment of the traction quality of the track profile on the section Samarkand - Navoi - Bukhara of 2. The value of the reduced consumption of full- the railway of Uzbekistan. scale diesel fuel total (Е*, kg / km) and specific (е*, kg / 104 t km gross: km) for each stage of the hilly-moun- tainous section of Marokand - Kattakurgan is: Reference: 1. Ablyalimov O.S., Ushakov E.S. Fundamentals of locomotive management: Textbook for professional colleges of railway transport. Tashkent: \"Davr\", 2012. 392 p. 2. Ablyalimov O.S. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of diesel traction rolling stock on a hilly-mountainous section of the railway // Scientific journal \"Transport of the Asia-Pacific Region\". Khabarovsk: DVGUPS, 2017. No. 3 (12). pp. 6 - 11. 3. Ablyalimov O.S. Study of the operation of diesel locomotives 3TE10M on a hilly-mountainous section of JSC \"Uzbekiston Temir Yullari\" [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov // Scientific and technical journal \"Izvestiya Transsiba\" / Omsk state. University of Communications. - Omsk, 2016. No. 2 (26) - P. 2 - 10. 4. Ablyalimov O.S. Analysis of the operation of diesel locomotives 3TE10M on a hilly-mountainous section of the railway [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov // Scientific and technical journal \"Izvestiya Transsiba\" / Omsk State. University of Communications. - Omsk, 2016. No. 3 (27) - S. 2 - 9. 5. Ablyalimov O.S. Study of the effectiveness of the use of diesel traction locomotives in the hilly-mountainous area of JSC \"Uzbekiston Temir Yullari\" // Scientific and technical journal \"Bulletin of transport of the Volga region\". Sa- mara: SamGUPS, 2016. No. 5 (59). pp. 17 - 24. 57

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. EVALUATION OF THE TRACTION QUALITY OF THE PATH PROFILE ON SECTION MAROKAND - KATTAKURGAN WITH DIESEL TRACTION Oleg Ablyalimov Candidate of Technical Sciences, professor, professor of the chair «Loсomotives and locomotive economy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Anna Avdeyeva Candidate of Technical Sciences,, associate professor of the chair «Materials science and mechanical engineering» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Otabek Khamidov Doctor of Technical Sciences, Head of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Khusan Kosimov Senior lecturer of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Obidjan Кasimov Master, senior lecturer of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Jasurbek Yakubov Master, аssistant of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Utkir Safarov Master, аssistant of the chair«Loсomotives and locomotive еconomy» Tashkent state transpоrt university, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent ОЦЕНКА ТЯГОВОГО КАЧЕСТВА ПРОФИЛЯ ПУТИ УЧАСТКА МАРОКАНД – КАТТАКУРГАН ПРИ ДИЗЕЛЬНОЙ ТЯГЕ Аблялимов Олег Сергеевич канд. техн. наук, проф., проф. кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент __________________________ Библиографическое описание: EVALUATION OF THE TRACTION QUALITY OF THE PATH PROFILE ON SECTION MAROKAND - KATTAKURGAN WITH DIESEL TRACTION // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. Ablyalimov O.S. [и др.]. 2022. 10(103). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14417

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Авдеева Анна Николаевна канд. техн. наук, доц. кафедры «Материаловедение и машиностроение» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Хамидов Отабек Рустамович д-р техн. наук, зав. кафедрой «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Косимов Хусан Рахматуллаевич ст. преподаватель кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Касимов Обиджан Таирджанович магистр, ст. преподаватель кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Якубов Жасурбек Камолиддинович магистр, ассистент кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Сафаров Уткир Истамович магистр, ассистент кафедры «Локомотивы и локомотивное хозяйство» Ташкентский государственный транспортный университет, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент ABSTRACT The results of studies on the substantiation of the traction qualities and properties of sections of the track profile of the hilly-mountain section of the railway during the movement of freight trains without stops and with stops at interme- diate stations, sidings and separate points are presented. АННОТАЦИЯ Представлены результаты исследований по обоснованию тяговых качеств и свойств перегонов профиля пути холмисто – горного участка железной дороги при движении грузовых поездов без остановок и с остановками на промежуточных станциях, разъездах и раздельных пунктах. Keywords: investigation, result, the freight train, the diesel locomotive, railway track, exploitation, the stage, the station, hilly – mountainous. Ключевые слова: исследование, результат, грузовой поезд, тепловоз, железнодорожный путь, эксплуатация, разъезд, станция, холмисто - горный. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Stable and trouble-free operation of the railway most important task of the locomotive complex is to sub- transport of Uzbekistan, in any operating conditions, stantiate the traction quality and properties of the track largely depends on the reliability and efficiency of the profile of railway sections. use of traction rolling stock. This requires continuous improvement of the technical condition of the rolling Complicated projections of the railway route of stock and ensuring high operational reliability of trac- Uzbekistan on a vertical plane (as well as other countries) tion diesel rolling stock by improving and improving the consist of ascents, descents and smooth areas. The projec- quality of all types of maintenance and repair. But, the tion onto a vertical plane consists of sections of different curvature [1]. Depending on this, there are flat, hilly, hilly - mountainous and mountainous railway sections. 59

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. The authors of the article carried out research aimed According to the existing methodology for studying at substantiating the traction qualities and properties of the operation of UzTE16M3 diesel locomotives on a the track profile of the haul of the real section of the rail- hilly-mountainous section [2,3,4], for each of the hauls way of Uzbekistan. In the analysis, the parameters of the on the Marokand - Kattakurgan section, for various types main indicators of fuel and energy efficiency of various of freight train traffic, we will analyze the influence of mainline freight locomotives were used. the longitudinal profile on the traction qualities of the locomotive. As an evaluation criterion, we take the given The object of the study is three-section mainline values of the total and specific consumption of diesel freight diesel locomotives of the UzTE16M3 series and fuel for train traction [5]. The criterion characterizes the a straightened longitudinal profile of the track of the amount of diesel fuel consumed by a diesel locomotive Marokand - Kattakurgan section of the hilly-mountainous distributed per unit of time of operation of the locomotive direction Samarkand - Bukhara of the Joint Stock power plants in the traction mode in real conditions. Company \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\". In the article, the kinematic parameters of the The subject of the study is the kinematic parameters movement of a freight train with a standard mass of the of the movement of a freight train of a standard mass of composition Q=3000 tons (number of axles m=200) rolling stock and the parameters of the energy efficiency and the consumption of diesel fuel by the main freight indicators of the investigated diesel locomotives diesel locomotives UzTE16M3 on each stage, on the UzTE16M3 on the Marokand - Kattakurgan section of Marokand - Kattakurgan section, of the Joint Stock the Uzbek railway. Company \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" (table 1 and table 2). Table 1. Kinematic parameters of the movement of a freight train along the hauls section Marokand – Kattakurgan, traffic with stops Train running time, min № Hauls Technical speed in mode in order V, km/h on the haul thrust idling and 56,84 mode braking 66,83 1 Marokand – Juma 59,64 9,60 4,40 5,20 2 Juma - Nurbulak 62,28 3 Nurbulak - Kattargan 25,60 8,15 17,45 4 Marokand – Kattakurgan 24,30 6,40 17,90 59,50 18,95 40,55 Table 2. Consumption of natural diesel fuel by diesel locomotives UzTE16M3 when a freight train moves along the section Marokand – Kattakurgan № in Hauls General for hauls and section order E, kg Specific for hauls and section e, kg/104 t km gross without stops with stops 1 Marokand – Juma 101,97 / 37,37 103,25 / 37,84 2 Juma - Nurbulak 3 Nurbulak - Kattargan 121,89 / 14,24 196,64 / 22,99 4 Marokand – Kattakurgan 113,59 / 15,67 157,31 / 21,70 337,45 / 18,21 457,20 / 24,67 According to the calculations made, graphs of the respectively, the total (total) and specific, and E*, e* are, dependence of the consumption of diesel fuel (general respectively, the reduced total (total) and specific. and specific) on the type of movement (with and without On fig. 1 and fig. 2, the values of the traction quality stops) were built. The calculations are made for a cargo evaluation criterion and the properties E* and e* of the diesel locomotive of the Uzte16M3 type, when it moves track profile are increased, respectively, by 8 times and on the Mаrokand - Kattakurgan section (Figure 1 and 20 times. The values of the total (total) E consumption Figure 2). of full-scale diesel fuel in fig. 1 and fig. 2 are reduced, respectively, by 1.2 times and 2 times. The values of full-scale diesel fuel consumption for train traction are plotted along the y-axis, where: E, e are, 60

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Figure 1. Graphs of natural diesel fuel consumption by diesel locomotives UzTE16M3 on the Kattakurgan - Navoi section, non-stop movement Figure 2. Graphs of natural diesel fuel consumption by UzTE16M3 diesel locomotives on the Kattakurgan - Navoi section, traffic with stops From the analysis of the data in Table 1 and works 5.13 percent compared to the movement of a freight train [3,4] it follows that the movement of freight trains on the with stops at intermediate stations and sidings. above-mentioned section of Marokand - Kattakurgan of the Uzbek railway, organized without stops at interme- Analysis of the result of these studies and data from diate stations, sidings and separate points, provides: works [3,4] allows us to draw the following general con- clusions.  a decrease in train travel time by 8.05 minutes and an increase in the technical speed of movement by 1. The values of the main indicators of the transpor- 9.75 km/h with an average estimated time per one stop tation work mentioned diesel locomotives UzTE16M3 at approximately 2.68 minutes; on the section Marokand - Kattakurgan:  the share of movement in traction modes of  the average estimated travel time of a freight 26.72 percent, and idling and braking in 73.28 percent; train along hauls with stops at intermediate stations, sep- arate points and sidings and for acceleration - decelera-  a decrease in the share of traffic in the traction tion is 19.83 minutes, 1.35 and 1.78 minutes; mode and its increase in the idling and braking mode by 61

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г.  the average estimated travel time of a freight train  on the Juma - Nurbulak section - 4.275 / 0.499 and on hauls without stops at intermediate stations, separate 6.896 / 0.806 units, respectively, when driving without points and sidings is approximately 17.15 minutes; stops and with stops at intermediate stations, sidings and intermediate points;  driving freight trains without stops at intermediate stations, sidings and separate points, compared with  on the stretch Nurbulak - Kattakurgan - 4.702 / driving them with stops at them, contributes to a decrease 0.649 units - movement without stops and 6.512 / in the total (total) and specific consumption of full-scale 0.898 units - movement with stops at intermediate sta- diesel fuel, on average, by approximately 26.19 percent; tions, sidings and separate points.  consumption of full-scale diesel fuel for one stop Analysis of the railway \"Samarkand - Navoi - Bu- at an intermediate station, separate points and sidings is khara\" showed that: 59.87 kg, and for one acceleration - deceleration this consumption corresponds to 31.80 kg / stop. 1. The segment \"Marokand - Kattakurgan \" and \" Kattakurgan -Juma\" is difficult; 2. The value of the reduced consumption of full-scale diesel fuel total (Е*, kg / km) and specific (е*, kg / 104 tkm 2. The segment \"Juma - Nurbulak\" and \"Nurbulak - gross: km) for each stage of the hilly-mountainous sec- Kattakurgan \" are simple. tion of Marokand - Kattakurgan is: The results obtained by the authors of the article  on the stretch Marokand - Juma - 11,212 / 4,109 should be used by heat engineering instructors and other units - traffic without stops and 11,352 / 4,160 units - specialists of the Bukhara locomotive depot to improve traffic with stops at sidings, intermediate stations and the regime maps for driving freight and passenger trains, separate points; the Samarkand-Navoi-Bukhara railway line of the Joint Stock Company \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\". Reference: 1. Ablyalimov O.S. Fundamentals of locomotive management [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov, E.S. Ushakov // Textbook for professional colleges of railway transport. - Tashkent: \"Davr\", 2012. - 392 p. 2. Ablyalimov O.S. Evaluation of the efficiency of using diesel traction rolling stock on a hilly-mountainous section of the railway [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov // Scientific journal \"Transport of the Asia-Pacific Region\" / Far Eastern State. University of Communications. - Khabarovsk, 2017. No. 3 (12). - P. 6 - 11. 3. Ablyalimov O.S. Study of the operation of diesel locomotives UzTE16M3 on a hilly-mountainous site of JSC \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov // Scientific and technical journal \"Bulletin of transport of the Volga region\" / Samara state. University of Communications. - Samara, 2016. No. 3 (57). - S. 17 - 24. 4. Ablyalimov O.S. On the issue of operation of diesel locomotives UzTE16M3 on the section Marokand - Navoi JSC \"Uzbekiston temir yo'llari\" [Text] / O.S. Ablyalimov // International information and analytical journal \"Crede Experto: transport, society, education, language » / Irkutsk branch of the Moscow state. those. University of Civil Aviation. - Irkutsk, 2017. No. 3. - P. 27 - 34. 5. Ablyalimov O.S. Study of the efficiency of the use of locomotives diesel traction on a hilly-mountainous section of JSC \"O'zbekiston temir yo'llari\" [Text] / O.S. University of Communications. - Samara, 2016. No. 5 (59). - S. 17 - 24. 62

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. TRANSPORT, MINING AND CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING DOI - 10.32743/UniTech.2022.103.10.14394 SUBSTANTIATION THE EFFICIENT WAGONS OF TRACTOR TRAIN IN TRANSPORTATION OF AGRICULTURAL CARGOES Makhamad Toshboltayev Doctor of technical sciences, professor, Scientific-Research Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Republic of Uzbekistan, Yangiyul E-mail: [email protected] Bakhtiyor Kambarov Doctor of technical sciences, Scientific-Research Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Republic of Uzbekistan, Yangiyul E-mail: [email protected] Bakhtiyor Kholikov Ph.D, associate professor, Scientific-Research Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Republic of Uzbekistan, Yangiyul E-mail: [email protected] ОБОСНОВАНИЕ РАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТАВА ТРАКТОРНОГО ПОЕЗДА ПРИ ПЕРЕВОЗКАХ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ГРУЗОВ Тошболтаев Махамад Тожалиевич д-р техн. наук, проф., Научно-исследовательский институт механизации сельского хозяйства, Республика Узбекистан, г. Янгиюль Камбаров Бахтиёр Акбаралиевич д-р техн. наук, Научно-исследовательский институт механизации сельского хозяйства, Республика Узбекистан, г. Янгиюль Холиков Бахтиёр Абдугаппорович Ph. D., Научно-исследовательский институт механизации сельского хозяйства, Республика Узбекистан, г. Янгиюль ABSTRACT The results of research on traction resistance of a tractor train consisting of an Axos 340 tractor and Joskin trailers, depending on number of trailers, the weight of cargo loaded on them, and movement velocity are specified in the article. АННОТАЦИЯ В статье приведены результаты исследования тягового сопротивления тракторного поезда, состоящего из трактора Axos 340 и прицепов Joskin, в зависимости от количества прицепов, массы загружаемого на них груза и скорости движения. __________________________ Библиографическое описание: Toshboltayev M.T., Kambarov B.A., Kholikov B.A. SUBSTANTIATION THE EFFICIENT WAGONS OF TRACTOR TRAIN IN TRANSPORTATION OF AGRICULTURAL CARGOES // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. 2022. 10(103). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14394

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Keywords: tractor train, cargo, slope angle of road, coefficient of resistance to rolling, resistance force, velocity, traction force on the hitch. Ключевые слова: тракторный поезд, груз, угол наклона дороги, коэффициент сопротивления качению, сила сопротивления, скорость, сила тяги на крюке. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction in this case mt – trailer mass, kg; g – accelaration run of free fall ( g  9.81 m/s2);  – slope angle of supporting It is known that main function of the tractor train is to transport goods from one destination to another in a level land, ; W – accelaration run of trailer, m/s2; short period of time and at low cost. 40-50 percent of X 0 – resistance to movement of the tractor train, N. expenses for agriculture is the share of vehicles, including tractor trains [1, 2, 3]. In last years, there was Let’s consider movement velocity of the tractor trains possibility increase the gross agricultural products in the as V  const for calculations (movement velocity of republic by 6.6%. As a result, about 3 mln. tons of raw cotton, 8.3 mln. tons of wheat, more than 21 mln. tons trailers is stable). Thus, acceleration run W  dv / dt  0, of fruits and vegetables, including 3 mln. tons of potatoes, 11.3 mln. tons of fruits, 2 mln. tons of cucurbits, inertia force Fi  mtW  0. X 0  fGt cos (in this case 1.7 mln. more than tons of grapes, 3 mln. tons of fruits f – resistance coefficient of wheel rolling, Gt – weight and berries were grown and harvested. These cultivated areas contains 3.298 mln. hectares. Considering that of trailer, N). 12 transport tractors correspond to every 1000 ha of land In that event according to established standards, at least 39.600 units of transport tractors and 79.200 units of tractor trailers are Р  G (sin   f cos ). (2) required to transport the cultivated agricultural products tf t and other goods [1]. Number of trailers formula (2) for п  1 is in place. In previous years, 2PTS-4-793 trailers with a load In the event if number of trailers is п  2 : capacity of 4 tons were used on tractors of the 0.9 and 1.4 classes in agriculture, but now two-axle TTZ-8525 Р  2Gt (sin   f cos ). and Joskin trailers with load capacity of 6 and 8 tons are tf being manufactured by series fabrication, and they are the following: TTZ-100K10, MTZ -82 and modern 1.4 and In the event if number of trailers is п  3 : 2.0 class Belarus 80.1, Belarus 82.1, Belarus 1221, Axos 340 having capacity 80-120 hp. (horse power) is Р  3Gt (sin   f cos ). being aggregated into tractors [3, 4]. tf Therefore, in order to effectively using the load- In the event if number of trailers is п : carrying capacity of trailers and power of transport tractors, it is advisable to widely use modern tractors and Р  пG (sin   f cos ). (3) tractor trains consisting of two-axle trailers with cargo tf t load capacity of 8 tons. Traction resistance of tractor train increases with the number of trailers, the weight of cargo Out of (3) the formula for determination the number loaded on them, and movement velocity [1, 3]. It is possible will be formulated [1, 8]: to increase the efficiency of agricultural transport by justifying the efficient wagons of tractor trains consisting Р (4) of tractors and trailers. п  tf . Increasing the efficiency of tractor trains with a large Gt (sin   f cos ) carrying capacity and efficient wagons is a matter of scientific and practical importance. Values of Ptf will be calculated as in the following. Materials and research methods For two-wheel drive 4K2 formula tractors [5, 9, 10, 11, 12] having operating mass greater than 2600 kg: Studies in effort to substantiate the traction force of tractor hitch and efficient trailers of train wagons were Р  0.373GT  0.373mT g  0.373 1.15mс  g , (N).(5) implemented. tf Let’s use the following formula to determine value in this case GT – operational weight of tractor, N; of force of the tractor hitch Р in researching the efficient mс – design mass of tractor, kg; tf For tractors of 4K4 formula having operating mass of more than 2600 kg, driving four wheels [1, 9, 10]: wagons of tractor train by aggregating the Joskin trailer with a load capacity of 8 tons to the currently widely Р  0.392GT  0.392mT g  0.392 1.15mс  g, (N). (6) used modern tractor Axos 340 (4K4) [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]: tf Р  m (g sin  W )  X , (1) in this case mс and mТ  1.15  mс – design and op- tf t 0 erational masses of tractor, kg. 64

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Using the formulas given above, calculation the 3-option: Gt  const ,   3, f  0.018. From (4): values of force at the tractor hitch and number of trailers at tractor train will be available. In road-soil conditions п  18.574  1.57  2 pc of Uzbekistan, 70% of the roads from cotton farms to 167.751(sin 3  0.018 cos 3) reception points are paved with asphalt, and 30% are hard ground roads within farm, and in researching the From obtained figures one can see, that the number efficient wagons of the tractor trains, it is recommended (п) of trailers containing at tractor train increases with to accept the slope angle of the base plane   60 , determines the value of the rolling resistance coefficient increasing values of the force ( Р ) at tractor hitch, while of the wheels for ground pavement f  0, 03 and for tf asphalt pavement f  0, 018 [10]. the weight (Gt ) of single trailer remains unchanged, and on contrary, it decreases with increasing values of 1-option Gt  const,   6, f  0.03. Design slope ( ) angle of the supporting level land and mass of the tractor is mc  4200 kg, operational mass is coefficient of rolling resistance ( f ) of wheels. mТ  1.15  4200  4830 kg, due to that mТ  4830 Weight of a single trailer increases with increasing values of force on the tractor hitches while remaining kg>2600kg let’s determine Р value by means of for- unchanged, but decreases with increasing values of the tf slope angle of the support plane and the coefficient of rolling resistance of the wheels. mula (6): Values of traction resistance of trains consisting of Р  0.392  4830 9.81  18573.8  18.574 kN. AXOS 340 tractor and Joskin trailers and those trailers tf aggregated to it are shown in tables and graphs. From (4): п  18.574  0.82  1 pc. Research results 167.751(sin 6  0.03 cos 6) Experimental studies were carried out on tractor 2-option: Gt  const,   6, f  0.018. In this trains consisting of AXOS 340 tractor and Joskin trailers with assembly of the load capacity of 8 tons in case Р  18.574 kN, Gt  167.751 kN and   6 re- accordance with requirements of the state standards for tf testing practice [1, 8, 10, 11]. Trials were carried out separately in transmission of each velocity of the tractor mains as it (unchanged). From (4): on road having length of 3000 m. Cargo (cotton) was loaded onto trailers after each run and arrival of tractor п  18.574  0.90  1 pc. train. In this way, values of traction resistance were 167.751(sin 6  0.018 cos 6) increased. Each trial was carried out in sequence of forward movements of the train with the same loading. Values of traction resistance of trains consisting of AXOS 340 tractor and Joskin trailers and trailers aggregated to it are shown in table. Table 1. Values of traction force at hitch of train consisting of AXOS 340 tractor and Joskin trailers with assembly of load capacity of 8 tons (design mass of each trailer is 24.3 kN) Unladed Axos 340 + Joskin (design mass of each trailer is 24.3 kN) Gearbox V , m/s Number of trailers – 1 pc Number of trailers – 2 pcs I 2.8 Рtf , N II 3.8 III 5.4 406 759 IV 7.5 V 9.7 426 809 I 2.8 434 825 II 3.8 III 5.4 553 973 IV 7.5 V 9.7 537 886 Laded Axos 340 + Joskin (with cargo) (34.4 kN of cotton is loaded on every trailer) 523 987 624 1022 760 1054 836 1167 962 1292 65

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Discussion of results Summary From results of the study, one can seen that AXOS Traction resistance of tractor train increases by 340 tractor of 1.4-class with 75 kW (102 h.p.) and load capacity of assembled to it was 8 tons; 2 out of Joskin increasing the number of trailers, weight of cargo loaded trailers (design mass of each trailer is 24.3 kN) when moving on the flat road (total trailer load capacity 12 tons) on them and the velocity of movement. only 13 percent of tractor's pulling force is used [1, 10, 11]. Traction resistance of tractor train consisting Tractors with 75 kW (102 h.p.) can pull 6 trailers with a load capacity of 8 tons (total loading 48 tons) of an Axos 340 tractor and Joskin trailers increases with when moving on flat road. the number of trailers as the load weight loaded to them In comparing with acting 2PTS-4-793A trailer with the 4-tons capacity, transportation expenditures are and movement velocity rises up. In Axos 340 tractor reduced to 47 percent by using 8-ton Joskin trailer. and 2 units of Joskin tractor train, the utilization rate of maximum traction force on tractor hitch is 7%. When the movement velocity of the train reaches 35 km/h the value of traction force at hitch will be Р  1292 N and it can pull 6 trailers. tf References: 1. Toshboltaev M., Kholikov B. Yuqori yuklanishli traktor poezdlarining dinamikasi va ratsional tarkiblari. (Monografiya) [Dynamics and efficient wagons of the tractor trains of high-capacity. (Monograph)]. – Tashkent: Sabrina art media LLC, 2021, –208 pp. [in Uzbek]. 2. V.F. Platonov, B.C. Azaev, E.B. Alexandrov and others. Mashinostroyeniye. Tom IV-15. Kolesnyye i gusenichnyye mashiny [Machine Engineering. Vol. IV-15. Wheeled and tracked vehicles] / V.F. Platonov (Ed.). – Moscow: Mashine engineering, 1997. – 688 pp. [in Russian]. 3. Toshboltaev M., Kholikov B. Podbor bazovogo traktora k izvestnoy modeli pritsepa [Selection of base tractor for a well-known trailer model] // Agricultural machines and technologies. – Moscow, 2019. Vol. 13. – No. 5. – p. 46-50. [in Russian]. 4. Toshboltaev M., Kholikov B. Traktor poezdi yengib oʼtadigan eng katta qiyalik burchagini aniqlash [The Determination of the maximum corner overcome ascent by tractor train] //Problems of mechanics. –Tashkent, 2019. –No.1. – p. 38-42. [in Uzbek]. 5. Guskov V.V., Velev N.N., Atamanov Yu.E., Bocharov N.F., Ksenevich I.P., Solonsky A.S. Traktory: teoriya [Tractors: theory]. / V.V. Guskov (Ed.). – Moscow: Mashinery, 1988. – 375 рр. [in Russian]. 6. Miroshnichenko A.N. Osnovy teorii avtomobilya i traktora [Fundamentals of the theory of vehicle and tractor]. – Tomsk: Tomsk State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 2014. – 490 pp. [in Russian]. 7. Yakovenko I.F. Traktory i avtomobili: Osnovy teorii i raschota [Tractors and vehicles: Fundamentals of theory and calculation]. – Astana: Kazakh Agrotechnical Universitynamed after S.Seifullina, 2012. – 272 pp. [in Russian]. 8. Toshboltaev M., Kholikov B. Traktor poezdi tarkibidagi tirkamalarning ratsional sonini aniqlash [The Determination rational amount trailor in composition of the tractor train] //Mechanical problems. – Tashkent, 2018. – No. 2. – p. 76-79. [in Uzbek]. 9. Zangiev A.A., Shpilko A.V., Levshin A.G. Ekspluatatsiya mashinno-traktornogo parka [Operation of the machine and tractor fleet]. – Moscow: Kolos, 2004. – 320 pp. 10. Kholikov B.A. Obosnovaniye ratsional'nykh sostavov bol'shegruznykh traktornykh poyezdov. [Sabstantiation of rational compositions of heavy tractor trains]. Abstract ... of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in technical sciences. – Gulbakhor: SRIAM, 2020. – p.36. [in Russian]. 11. Kholikov B.A. Axos 340 traktori va Joskin tirkamalardan iborat traktor poyezdlarining tortishga qarshiliklarini aniqlash va baholash [Determining and evaluating traction resistance of tractor trains consisting of Axos 340 tractor and Joskin trailers] //Creation the resource-saving and efficient agricultural machines reasonable for farmers, improvement of their usage efficiency. A collection of scientific articles of the Republican scientific-practical conference. – Tashkent: Science and Technologies. – p. 263-268. [in Uzbek]. 12. Kambarov B.A. Portal'nyy vedushchiy most k propashnomu traktoru 4K4 dlya rabot v khlopkovodstve [Portal leading axle to the row-crop tractor 4K4 for working at cotton-plant growing] // The current ecological state of the environment and the scientific and practical aspects of rational nature management: II International scientific and practical Internet conference dedicated to the year of Ecology in Russia. – Astrakhan: FSBSI CRIAA , 2017 . – p. 2074-2078. [in Russian]. 66

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Научный журнал UNIVERSUM: ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ № 10 (103) Октябрь 2022 Часть 6 Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ: ЭЛ № ФС 77 – 54434 от 17.06.2013 Издательство «МЦНО» 123098, г. Москва, улица Маршала Василевского, дом 5, корпус 1, к. 74 E-mail: [email protected] www.7universum.com Отпечатано в полном соответствии с качеством предоставленного оригинал-макета в типографии «Allprint» 630004, г. Новосибирск, Вокзальная магистраль, 3 16+

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УДК 62/64+66/69 ББК 3 U55 Главный редактор: Ахметов Сайранбек Махсутович, д-р техн. наук; Заместитель главного редактора: Ахмеднабиев Расул Магомедович, канд. техн. наук; Члены редакционной коллегии: Горбачевский Евгений Викторович, канд. техн. наук; Демин Анатолий Владимирович, д-р техн. наук; Звездина Марина Юрьевна, д-р. физ.-мат. наук; Ким Алексей Юрьевич, д-р техн. наук; Козьминых Владислав Олегович, д-р хим. наук; Ларионов Максим Викторович, д-р биол. наук; Манасян Сергей Керопович, д-р техн. наук; Мажидов Кахрамон Халимович, д-р наук, проф; Мартышкин Алексей Иванович, канд.техн. наук; Мерганов Аваз Мирсултанович, канд.техн. наук; Пайзуллаханов Мухаммад-Султанхан Саидвалиханович, д-р техн. наук; Радкевич Мария Викторовна, д-р техн наук; Серегин Андрей Алексеевич, канд. техн. наук; Старченко Ирина Борисовна, д-р техн. наук; Усманов Хайрулла Сайдуллаевич, д-р техн. наук; Юденков Алексей Витальевич, д-р физ.-мат. наук; Tengiz Magradze, PhD in Power Engineering and Electrical Engineering. U55 Universum: технические науки: научный журнал. – № 10(103). Часть 7. М., Изд. «МЦНО», 2022. – 44 с. – Электрон. версия печ. публ. – http://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/category/10103 ISSN : 2311-5122 DOI: 10.32743/UniTech.2022.103.10 Учредитель и издатель: ООО «МЦНО» ББК 3 © ООО «МЦНО», 2022 г.

Содержание 4 4 Papers in english 4 Chemical engineering 9 DEVELOPMENT OF TERMOCHEMICAL CARBON ADSORBENTS BASED ON FRUIT SEEDS AND APPLICATION IN SORPTION OF RARE METALS 14 Yusuf Isokov Normahmat Yodgarov 18 Sadulla Sultonov Davlatjon Toshmatov 22 A METHOD FOR REDUCING CORROSION DURING GAS PURIFICATION FROM SULFUR 27 COMPONENTS Erali Panoev 27 Malikjon Murodov Gayrat Bozorov 31 Safar Usmonov 31 GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF THE INHIBITORY PROPERTY AGAINST METAL CORROSION OF SUBSTANCES OBTAINED ON THE BASIS OF THIAINDAN 35 AND THIOCHROMAN Α-AMINO KETONES Guzal Rakhmatova 35 39 THE EFFECT OF WATER QUANTITY ON THE RELATIVE VISCOSITY OF WATER-OIL EMULSIONS Mirvokhid Sattorov Bobirjon Adizov Shahzod Toshev Bekzodjon Rahmonov EFFECT OF CHANGE OF POLYETHROPOLIOL AMOUNT ON THE PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THERMOREACTIVE POLYURETHANE Asliddin Shodiyev Bakhodir Mukhiddinov Sharifjon Kiyomov Electronics QUESTIONS INVESTIGATION OF CONTACTLESS RELAY VOLTAGE IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Rakhmatillo Karimov Abror Adhamov Electrical engineering RESEARCH ISSUES OF OPTOELECTRONIC NONLINEAR CIRCUITS IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Rakhmatillo Karimov Dilmurod Xushvaqtov Energy industry SHORT CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTICS IN ELECTRICAL NETWORKS Zuhriddin Hamidjonov Ilyosbek Do‘ltayev ANALYSIS OF THE DESIGN AND OPERATIONAL ADVANTAGES OF VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKERS Sona Rzayeva Nigar Ganieva

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. PAPERS IN ENGLISH CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OF TERMOCHEMICAL CARBON ADSORBENTS BASED ON FRUIT SEEDS AND APPLICATION IN SORPTION OF RARE METALS Yusuf Isokov Basic doctoral student at the Institute of General and inorganic chemistry of the Academy and Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] Normahmat Yodgarov Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Prof., Institute of General and inorganic chemistry of the Academy and Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent Sadulla Sultonov Basic doctoral student at the Institute of General and inorganic chemistry of the Academy and Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent Davlatjon Toshmatov Senior researcher PhD at the Institute of General and inorganic chemistry of the Academy and Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected] РАЗРАБОТКА ТЕРМОХИМИЧЕСКИХ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ АДСОРБЕНТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ КОСТОЧЕК ПЛОДОВ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ В СОРБЦИИ РЕДКИХ МЕТАЛЛОВ Исоков Юсуф Хориддинович базовый докторант, Института общей и неорганической химии Академии и наук Республики Узбекистан, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Ёдгоров Нормахмат д-р хим. наук., проф, Института общей и неорганической химии Академии и наук Республики Узбекистан, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Султонов Садулла Бахриддинович базовый докторант Института общей и неорганической химии Академии и наук Республики Узбекистан, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент __________________________ Библиографическое описание: DEVELOPMENT OF TERMOCHEMICAL CARBON ADSORBENTS BASED ON FRUIT SEEDS AND APPLICATION IN SORPTION OF RARE METALS // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. Isokov Y. [и др.]. 2022. 10(103). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14444

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Тошматов Давлатжон Абдурауфович ст. науч. сотр., PhD, Института общей и неорганической химии Академии и наук Республики Узбекистан, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент ABSTRACT Introduction Currently, the demand for the production of selective adsorbents is increasing due to the rapid development of industrial sectors of the national economy in our Republic and the world and the expansion of the fields of application of activated carbon sorbents. One of the urgent problems is the creation of effective new technologies that replace imports based on local products. It is necessary to develop an energy-efficient technology for obtaining selective carbon adsorbents. Based on this, obtaining cheap activated carbon that replaces imports is one of the urgent problems. АННОТАЦИЯ В настоящее время потребность в производстве селективных сорбентов возрастает в связи с бурным развитием промышленных отраслей народного хозяйства нашей Республики и мира и расширением областей применения активированных угольных сорбентов. Одной из актуальных проблем является создание эффективных новых тех- нологий, замещающих импорт, на основе местной продукции. Необходима разработка энергоэфективной техно- логии получения селективных углеродных адсорбентов. Исходя из этого, получения дешевого активированного угля, замещающего импорт, является одной из актуальных проблем. Keywords: adsorbent, activated carbon, organic substances, composition, structure, energy-efficient. Ключевые слова: адсорбент, активированный уголь, органические вещества, композицион, структура, энерго- эфективной. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Several methods are used to increase the adsorption activating thermal (400-500oC) and water vapor (800- properties of coal adsorbents. These include thermal, 850oC) for 3 hours on the basis of the waste of walnut, steam, and chemical activation methods [1]. apricot, peach and bitter almond fruit grains of fruit trees growing in the territory of our Republic. Adsorption of the In our country, mainly on the adsorption of organic obtained adsorbents with benzene vapors was studied. substances on natural mineral compounds (bentonites) [2], and also on the adsorption of organic and inorganic Benzene obtained as adsorbate was purified and substances on synthetic zeolites [3, 4, 5, 6, 7.], scientific dried under vacuum conditions before use in sorption, researches have been carried out. The change in the its vapor pressure was first frozen and then heated until adsorption volume due to the temperature difference of its vapor pressure was the same as the vapor pressure thermal treatment of carbon adsorbents obtained on the data given in the tables for pure benzene. basis of fruit grains has not been fully studied. For this purpose, it is necessary to conduct a fundamental study This can be seen from the adsorption isotherms of the adsorption of vapors of organic substances on of activated carbon adsorbents with benzene vapors at activated carbon adsorbents with the help of thermal and AU-O'K-74.5 at 800-850oC (Fig. 1) in a 10% aqueous water vapor at different temperatures. solution of thermochemical ZnCl2 based on fruit grain waste. -800-850, AU-O'K- The adsorption of benzene was The study of the change in the adsorption volume studied on adsorbents 136-800-850 and AU-JU-136- due to the difference in thermal treatment temperature 800-850, activated carbon adsorbent of the foreign of carbon adsorbents, including fruit grain-based coal brand JACOBI, and the other two adsorbents (AU- adsorbents, is of great importance in adsorption processes. JU-136- 800-850) shows a lack of adsorption in the For this purpose, charcoal adsorbents were obtained by initial. states. Figure 1. Adsorption isotherms of carbon adsorbents obtained as a result of thermochemical activation at a temperature of 800-850oC with benzene vapor based on waste of fruit grains 5

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Specific surface area (S) of the coals of fruit grain 0.2059116 sm3/g, AU-JU-136 0.1962319 sm3/g was waste, thermochemically activated at 800-850oC: AU- found to be equal. OK-136 1397.11 m2/g, AU-YoK-74.5 1294.33 m2/g, AU-JU-136 985.09 m2/g, as well as saturation volumes Adsorption of coal adsorbents activated thermally, (Vs): AU-OK-136 0.2514057 sm3/g, AU-YoK-74.5 i.e. with water vapor at 800-850oC, with benzene vapors was studied (Fig. 2). Figure 2. Adsorption isotherms of carbon adsorbents thermally activated at 800-850oC based on waste of fruit grains with benzene vapor: (1) AU-OK, (2) AU-NO (3) AU-JU Compared to the results of coal adsorbents activated that changes have occurred in the structural structure thermochemically at 800-850oC from the adsorption of thermally and thermochemically activated carbon isotherms in the studied systems, the amount of benzene adsorbents at the same temperatures (800-850oC). adsorption on carbon adsorbents activated by thermal water vapor at 800-850oC: 1.28 times in AU-YoK-74.5, Adsorption of 10% solution of thermochemical 1.28 times in AU-O'K-136 It was found to be 1.3 times H2SO4 at 800-850oC with benzene vapors of carbon lower than 1.26 times in AU-JU-136. The above- adsorbents activated by fruit grain waste was studied mentioned increase in adsorption properties indicates (Fig. 3). Figure 3. Adsorption isotherms of carbon adsorbents with benzene vapor obtained by steam activation of 10% solution of thermochemical H2SO4 at 800-850oC on the basis of waste of fruit grains Compared to the results of thermochemically have occurred in the structural structure of thermally activated coal adsorbents at 800-850oC from the and thermochemically activated carbon adsorbents at adsorption isotherms in the studied systems, the amount the same temperatures (800-850oC). of benzene adsorption on carbon adsorbents activated in a 10% solution of H2SO4: 1.32 times in AU-YoK-74.5, In order to study the composition and structure of 1.25 times in AU-O'K-136 times, it was found to be coal adsorbents obtained on the basis of fruit grain 1.36 times less in AU-JU-136. The above-mentioned waste, the elemental composition and internal structure increase in adsorption properties indicates that changes are shown in the electron microscope using a scanning electron microscope. 6

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Figure 4. Analysis (SEM) of AU-JU-136 activated carbon sample It can be seen from the adsorption isotherms in the using the equation of Brunauer, Emmet, Teller (BET) mentioned systems that the amount of adsorption theory. If the ordinate is R/Rs/a(1 - R/Rs) and the values increases sharply from the zero value of relative specific of R/Rs are placed on the abscissa axis, straight line pressure to R/Rs≈0.4, then the adsorption slowly coordinates are obtained. increases and approaches the state of saturation. The sharp appearance of adsorption isotherms at such a low The specific surface of adsorbents was calculated relative pressure (R/Rs≈0.4) is the basis for saying that using the following formula: benzene vapors are adsorbed on surfaces with a high adsorption potential in the initial fillings. S=аm N 0 (3.1) At low relative (P/Ps=0.1-0.2) pressures in the studied Here S-relative specific surface area (m2/g); systems, it can be seen that the adsorption isotherms are am-monomolecular layer (mol/kg); steep due to the large absorption of benzene vapors. NA-Avagadro number; Adsorption isotherms of these samples with benzene vapor ω- surface occupied by one molecule (nm2) were found to belong to type I of the classification of Based on isotherms of adsorption of benzene vapors adsorption isotherms proposed by Brunauer. Adsorbents on coal adsorbents, monolayer capacity am, saturation that produce type I isotherms are microporous adsorbents. volume Vs (or adsorption as) and their relative surfaces S This type of isotherms is characterized by the fact that were calculated from the important indicators of they form an almost right angle to the P/Ps=1 axis as a adsorbents. The obtained results are presented in Table 1. result of their sharp rise. The specific surface area (S) of the adsorbents was determined from the structural adsorption parameters Table 1. Structure - sorption indicators of benzene vapor adsorption of fruit grains activated with the help of thermal and water vapor Adsorbent Activation temperature, оС Single floor capacity, Comparison Saturation FK-UK-136 а m, mol/kg, surface, adsorption FK-UK-74,5 800о С as, mol/kg FK-UK-111 800о С+ water vapor 1,05 S•10-3, m2/kg FK-ShK-78 2,0 245 2,54 FK-ShK-98 800о С 1,02 480 3,74 800о С+ water vapor 1,85 245 2,58 0,6 440 3,9 800о С 1,55 165 2,0 800о С+ water vapor 0,68 372 3,5 1,50 2,1 800о С 0,74 165 3,4 800о С+ water vapor 1,47 358 2,3 800о С+ water vapor 178 3,2 800о С+ water vapor 354 7

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. It was found that the specific surface area (S) and Wme= Vs- W0 saturation volume (as) of coal adsorbents increase during thermochemical activation when the temperature of determined using the formula. thermochemical and water vapor activation is the same in all studied adsorbents. In the case of fruit seed pod rўр = 2 Vs 104 charcoal, the specific surface area of the thermochemically S activated adsorbent is much larger than that of the adsorbent activated by steam, as shown in the table The ability of adsorbents activated by heat and below (Table 1) [8]. Activation under these conditions steam at high temperatures to absorb benzene molecules leads to the opening of additional pores in the coal is related to the size, structure and potential of the pores in adsorbent layers due to the release of various gases and coal, and on the other hand, it is related to the specificity tars in the coal. Based on the isotherms of benzene vapor of the interaction of non-polar benzene molecules with adsorption on coal adsorbents and the equation of activated carbon adsorbents. Due to the fact that the micropore volumetric saturation theory (MHTN), composition, structure, nature of the obtained adsorbents adsorbent micropores (W0), adsorption volumes (Vs) are almost similar to each other, the amount of benzene and mesopores for saturated states vapor adsorption does not differ much. References: 1. Koganovskiy A.M., Klimenko N.A., Levchenko T.M., Marutovskiy I.G. Purification and use of sewage for industrial water supply. Moskov, Chemistry 1983. – 288 pp. [in Russian] 2. Rodionov A.I., Klushin V.N., Sister V.G. Texnological process of environmental safety. Fundamentals of environmental studies. Moskov 2000/-800pp. [in Russian] 3. Van Dril I. The use of activated carbons for purification and recovery of the solvent. Company prospect: «Norit Reseach». — Аmmerofort, 1997. -14 pp. 4. Patent №2463107(RU) C01B031/16. Activated carbon impregnated with acid, methods for its preparation and appli- cation. Kuzub R., Yujin (SA), Tak Zin Kvon (SA), Jonson Richard L (CA) - 2009110159/05; declared 23.08.2006, pub. 23.09.2010. 5. Muxin V.M., Tarasov V.M., Klushin V.N. Aktive carbon Russia. Moscov: Metallurgical, 2000.-352pp. [in Russian] 6. 6.Yang R.T. Adsorbents: fundamentals and applications / R.T. Yang - Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. – 2003. - 410 р. 7. Qurbonov A.A. New images of activated carbons for capturing foaming components from ethanolamine solutions. Uzbek Journal of Oil and Gas, 2005, № 1. 37-38 pp. [in Uzbekistan] 8

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. DOI - 10.32743/UniTech.2022.103.10.14330 A METHOD FOR REDUCING CORROSION DURING GAS PURIFICATION FROM SULFUR COMPONENTS Erali Panoev Doctoral student of the Bukhara Engineering and Technological Institute, Republic of Uzbekistan, Bukhara E-mail: [email protected] Malikjon Murodov Associate Professor of the Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, Republic of Uzbekistan, Bukhara Gayrat Bozorov Professor of the Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, Republic of Uzbekistan, Bukhara Safar Usmonov Director of Vocational College of Oil and Gas Industry, Republic of Uzbekistan, Bukhara СПОСОБ СНИЖЕНИЯ КОРРОЗИИ ПРИ ОЧИСТКЕ ГАЗА ОТ СЕРНЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ Эрали Паноев докторант Бухарского инженерно-технологического института, Республика Узбекистан, г. Бухара Маликжон Муродов доц. кафедры химии Бухарского инженерно-технологического института, Республика Узбекистан, г. Бухара Бозоров Гайрат доц. кафедры химии Бухарского инженерно-технологического института, Республика Узбекистан, г. Бухара Усмонов Сафар директор профессионального колледжа нефтяной и газовой промышленности Республика Узбекистан, г. Бухара ABSTRACT At the Gazli Gas Processing Plant, the process of purification of gases from acidic components with metildietanola- min solution leads to the occurrence of corrosion in technological systems. It was therefore tested by gravimetric methods with an anticorrosion inhibitor at a temperature of 120 ○C and several different concentrations, and inhibition technology was proposed. АННОТАЦИЯ На Газлинском ГПЗ процесс очистки газов от кислых компонентов раствором метилдиэтаноламина приводит к возникновению коррозии в технологических системах. Поэтому он был испытан гравиметрическим методом с антикоррозионным ингибитором при температуре 120 ○С и нескольких различных концентрациях и предложена технология ингибирования. __________________________ Библиографическое описание: A METHOD FOR REDUCING CORROSION DURING GAS PURIFICATION FROM SULFUR COMPONENTS // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. Panoev E. [и др.]. 2022. 10(103). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14330

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Keywords: hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, corrosion, gas condensate, hydrocarbon, inhibitor, methylethanolamine, gravimetrik, sulfur, desorber, TFO (thiosemicarbaside-based inhibitor) desorber, division. Ключевые слова: сероводород, диоксид углерода, коррозия, газовый конденсат, углеводород, ингибитор, метилдиэтаноламин, гравиметрик, сера, десорбер, десорбер ТФО (тиосемикарбазный ингибитор), разделение. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction СО2(g) ↔ СО2(l) СО2(l)+H2O(l) ↔ H2CO3(l) Corrosion damage to metal products, equipment, H2CO3(l) ↔ HCO3-(l)+H+(l) structures and devices worldwide account for 25-30 % HCO3-1(l) ↔ CO32-(l) + H+(l) of annually produced metals[1-3]. 2H+(l) +2e- ↔ H2(l) Therefore, it is possible to study the causes of H2S(g) ↔ H2S(l) corrosion in each production plant and achieve high efficiency in protection with anti-corrosion coatings and H2S(l) ↔ HS-(l) + H+ (l) effective inhibitors suitable for this environment [4-8]. HS-(l) ↔S2-+ H+ (l) 2H+(l)+ 2e- ↔ H2(g) In particular, the main goal of the study was to reduce the corrosion rate at the Gazli GPP. An aqueous solution The composition of the methyldiethanolamine of methyldiethanolamine 35-40 % is used to purify natural solution in the desorber of the Gazli Gas Processing gases from acidic components at the Gazli GPP [8-13]. Plant is shown in Table 1 below. When cleaning a solution of saturated When cleaning gases from acid components, methyldiethanolamine, H2S and CO2 included in its corrosive products in instruments and equipment are composition have an aggressive effect on the metal, exposed to hydrogen sulfide, along with moisture, leading to chemical corrosion of the metal and forming the carbon dioxide, and therefore it is necessary to take following mechanisms of corrosion reactions [14-17]. measures to protect process equipment from corrosion. Table 1. The composition of the methyldiethanolamine solution for gas treatment of the Gazli GPP Tech- Purified solution Saturated solution (methyldiethanolamine) nology depar- H2S (methyldiethanolamine) tment mg/m3 Concentration CO2 H2S Concentration CO2 H2S mg pH 1 С% Mole/ Mole/ С% Mole/ Mole/ 2 mole mole mole mole 0.007 8.2 3 9.3 0.27 0.03 0.007 8.3 4 4 9.5 0.05 0.02 33.4 0.003 7.9 5 6.9 0.27 0.12 0.004 8.0 6 5 33.8 0.04 0.06 33.4 0.007 8.4 32.7 0.51 0.02 0.004 7.8 4 7.1 0.03 0.02 39.5 0.27 0.12 7 33.8 0.01 0.06 0.28 0.09 7 33.1 0.01 0.05 0.17 0.11 10 40.0 0.02 0.01 Desorbers at the Gazli GPP are made of steel 09G2S Research method and 12Х18Н10Т, and the corrosion rate is high, mainly due to the absence of alloying elements in steel 09G2S. On the basis of the given data, studies of laboratory It is for this reason that the studies considered measures work on the gravimetric method of corrosion rate according to reduce the corrosion rate of steel grade 09G2S. to SST 9.905-82 were carried out. Then 0.5 l of a saturated solution of methyldiethanolamine (pH of the medium <6.8) It is noteworthy that the corrosion properties of is transferred into the flask. After thorough cleaning and 09G2S steels under the action of CO2 and H2S gases drying, a plate made of 09G2S steel with an area of 22 cm2 were not considered. Alloys containing 09G2S steel in is weighed on an analytical balance and placed in a the presence of dissolved hydrogen sulfide and carbon solution. At a temperature of 120 ○C and 360 h without dioxide in various media have a significant effect on the inhibitors and inhibitor solutions, tests were carried out. formation kinetics and composition of corrosion products. A corrosion inhibitor of the TFO brand The question of the joint influence of these two factors (thiosemicarbazidebased inhibitor) was used as an on the development of corrosion processes is still open. inhibitor (Fig. 2). Based on this, studies of the corrosion process were carried out in time, temperature, pH and various concentrations of the medium. 10

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Figure 2. Laboratory instrument for the gravimetric study of corrosion inhibitors 1-heater; 2-flask; 3-metal plate; 4-refrigerator; 5-thermometer; 6-where the product falls The metal plate is then cleaned with grinding paper and weighed on an analytical balance. The results are recorded and calculated using the following formula. 1). К������������������������ = (������1−������2); 2). ������ = ������0 ; 3). ������ = ������0−������������������ℎ ∙ 100%. ������∙������ ������������������ℎ ������0 According to these formulas, the rate of corrosion of the metal in an inert solution, Winh- is the decrease in (Kgrav), the coefficient of braking (������) and the degree of the mass of the metal in the solution under consideration, protection from corrosion (Z). S - is the surface of the metal plate, cm2: t1-exposure time, hour. where: m1- is the mass of the metal plate at the beginning of the study, g: m2 - is the mass of the metal Table 2. plate after exposure, g: W0 - is the decrease in the mass Results obtained by the gravimetric method on plates made of steel 09G2S in solution with and without inhibitors Inhibitor Mass of the Mass of metal Δm = Corrosion rate, γ Z, % concentration, metal plate plate m2, g m1- m2, г g/m2•s. - - mg/l m1, g 15.9283 0.0880 (υ=Δm/S∙τ) 2.85 65.0 0 16.0163 16.0223 0.0308 0.1111 4.21 72.2 16.0607 0.0209 9.67 89.6 25 16.0531 16.0530 0.0091 0.0388 19.13 94.7 16.0343 0.0046 50 16.0816 0.0263 75 16.0621 0.0114 100 16.0389 0.0058 As a result of the research, the image of metal plates in inhibitory and non-inhibitory media with an AD106-C microscope approaching 80 times is shown in Figure 3. 11

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. a) b) Figure 3. Microscopic view of 09G2S metal samples in a) inhibitor and b) inhibitor solutions According to the results of gravimetric analysis, Based on the results of the study, a technological it was found that with inhibitor a) there is no corrosion scheme was developed for the use of a new type of of the inhibitor complex in the steel sheet, and without corrosion inhibitor TFO in technological devices in inhibitor b) the solution has uneven corrosion, wounds order to sharply slow down corrosion in gaseous media. and pits on the metal sheet. (Figure 4). Figure 4. Technology of application of anticorrosive corrosion inhibitor TFO, which occurs during amine gas purification from acidic components 1-MDEA solution saturated with acidic components; 2-capacity for corrosion inhibitor; 3-diaphragm pump; 4-desorber; 5-reboys; 6-flare gases; 7-purified MDEA; 8-water vapor In Scheme 4, since desorber 1 is the main corrosion desorption capacity, and an increase in temperature site, corrosion inhibitor TFO 3 with a saturated solution breaks the electrostatic bonds between the inhibitor and of methyldiethanolamine, which must be regenerated in iron atoms on the surface of the steel sample. The results reboiler 2, is fed into the desorber by diaphragm pump 4. of this study showed that the TFO inhibitor is a good effective inhibitor in amine gas cleaning, and the use of Results and its discussion 0.1% corrosion inhibitor against corrosion in gas cleaning from sulfur compounds showed high efficiency. Changing the concentration of the TFO inhibitor had a high impact on the anticorrosion efficiency and corrosion Conclusion rate, which was reflected in the results obtained. For example, at a temperature of 120 ○C, the corrosion rate It can be concluded from the article that the in a metal plate without inhibitors was 0.1111 g/(cm2∙h), concentration of the corrosion inhibitor TFO of 0.1% and the corrosion rate decreased to 0.0058 mg/(cm2∙h) turned out to be quite effective when cleaning gases with when the inhibitor concentration reached 100 mg/l. methyldiethanolamine solutions to reduce the corrosion rate in devices and technological systems under the Correspondingly, the anti-corrosion efficiency of the influence of acidic components. inhibitor was 94.7 %, the braking coefficient was 19.13%. This is due to the fact that at high temperatures the adsorption capacity of the inhibitor is lower than the 12

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. References: 1. Reglament Gazliyskogo gazopererabativayutshego zavoda. TR 20982991-07:2020.[in Russian]. 2. Panoev E.R., Mirzaev E.E., Xayitova D.F., J.J. Jamolov Vidi korrozionnix prosessov, prichini IX klassifikasii i proisxojdeniya, metodi zatshiti ot nix // France international scientific-online conference: \"Scientific approach to the modern education system\" colletions of scientific works. Part 3. Paris 2022.–P. 74-78. [in Russian]. 3. Panoyev E.R., Do'stov H.B. Gazlarni oltingugurt birikmalaridan tozalashda desorber qurilmalarida yuzaga kelayotgan korroziya jarayonini gravimetrik usulida tadqiq qilish // fan va texnologiyalar taraqqiyoti. Ilmiy-texnikaviy jurnal. – Buxoro: 2021.-№4, –B. 111-119. 4. Panoyev E.R., Do'stov H.B., Axmedov V.N. Problemi korrozii v kislix komponentnix sistemax i sposobi ee umensheniya // Universum: texnicheskie nauki. –Moskva: 2021. - № 12(93). –S. 47-50. [in Russian]. 5. Usmonov X.R. U., Tilloev L.I., Ruziev A.T. (2021). Fraktsionniy sostav maslyanoy chasti iz otxodnogo jyoltogo masla. Universum: texnicheskie nauki, (5-5 (86)), 14-16. [in Russian]. 6. Panoyev E.R., Temirov A.H., Akhmedov V.N.The corrosion problem in the oil and gas industry// Polish science journal -№ 10(43). 2021.–P. 247– 250. 7. Do'stov H.B., Obidov H.O., Panoev E.R. Uchqir gazni oltingugurtdan tozalash qurilmasida korroziya tezligini pasaytirish tadbiri // fan va texnologiyalar taraqqiyoti. Ilmiy-texnikaviy jurnal.№4 –Buxoro: 2020. –B. 84-89. 8. Dustov X.B. Panoev E.R., Dustov A.X. Vliyanie plastovoy vodi na skorost korrozii // Innovasionnie puti resheniya aktualnix problem razvitiya pitshevoy i neftegazoximiicheskoy promishlennosti materiali mejdunarodnoy nauchno- prakticheskoy konferentsii. 1-tom. Buxoro: 2020. –S. 369-371. [in Russian]. 9. B.B. Olimov, V.N. Akhmedov, G.A. Gafurova. Application of derivatives of diatomic phenols as corrosion inhibitors. Euro Asian Conference on Analytical Research (Germany) ISBN: 978-1-913482-99-2. 2021. 15 October. p. 136-138. 10. Olimov B.B., Gafurova G.A., Kudratov O.X. Production and properties of corrosion inhibitors in the oil and gas industry // Universum: ximiya i biologiya: elektron. nauchn. jurn. 2022. 2(92). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/nature/archive/item/13009.[in Russian]. 11. Olimov B., Akhmedov V., Gafurova G. Production and use of corrosion inhibitors on the basis of two-atomic phenols and local raw materials // Universum: ximiya i biologiya: elektron. nauchn. jurn. 2021. 11(89). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/nature/archive/item/12473. [in Russian]. 12. Olimov B.B. [i dr.]. Synthesis and properties of nitrogen-retaining corrosion inhibitors//Universum: ximiya i biologiya: elektron. nauchn. jurn. 2022. 4(94). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/nature/archive/item/1330. [in Russian]. 13. Olimov B.B., Yoldosheva N.J. Gravimetric study of the mechanism of action of corrosion inhibitors used in the oil and gas industry //Mejdunarodniy nauchno-obrazovatelniy elektronniy jurnal \"Obrazovanie i Nauka v XXI veke\". Vipusk. – №. 19. [in Russian]. 13

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF THE INHIBITORY PROPERTY AGAINST METAL CORROSION OF SUBSTANCES OBTAINED ON THE BASIS OF THIAINDAN AND THIOCHROMAN Α-AMINO KETONES Guzal Rakhmatova Doctor of philosophy (PhD), Karshi Engineering-Economics Institute Republic of Uzbekistan, Кarshi Е-mail: [email protected] ГРАВИМЕТРИЧЕСКОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ИНГИБИРУЮЩЕГО СВОЙСТВА ПРОТИВ КОРРОЗИИ МЕТАЛЛОВ ВЕЩЕСТВ, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ НА ОСНОВЕ ТИАИНДАНОВЫХ И ТИОХРОМАНОВЫХ Α-АМИНОКЕТОНОВ Рахматова Гузал Ботировна канд. техн. наук, Каршинского инженерно-экономического института, Республика Узбекистан, г. Карши АННОТАЦИЯ Исследованы антикоррозионные свойства α-аминокетоны тиаинданового и тиохроманового ряда в растворе 15%-ной соляной и 20%-ной серной кислоты. Установлено, что исследуемые соединения в этих средах проявляют высокие защитные свойства при кислотной коррозии. ABSTRACT The anticorrosion properties of the α-aminoketones of the thiindane and thiochromane series in a solution of 15% hydrochloric and 20% sulfuric acid were investigated. It has been established that the studied compounds in these environments exhibit high protective properties under acid corrosion. Ключевые слова: морфолин, пиперидин, тиаиндан, тиохроман, ингибитор, аминокетоны, коррозия, гравиметрия, вторичный амин Keywords: morpholine, piperidine, thiaindan, thiochroman, inhibitor, amino ketones, corrosion, gravimetry, second- ary amine. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction In the course of this study, the inhibitory properties The use of corrosion inhibitors is one of the most of the following synthesized compounds were studied effective ways to prevent the corrosion process. The corrosion process proceeds slowly (accumulation of slag at different temperature ranges and concentrations of on the surface) or by accelerating the process (increasing different aggressive media. For research, α-piperidino- the work of microgalvanic pairs in pure metals due to 2-methyl-5-acetyl-1-thiain (AIT-1), α-morpholino-2- active reaction products, impurities). In such cases, the methyl-5-acetyl-1-thiain (AIT-2), α-piperidino-6- gravimetric method is determined by measuring the acetyl-1-thiochroman (AIT-3) and α-morpholino-6- average rate of corrosion over a period of time. Experiments are carried out by dropping metal samples acetyl-1-thiochroman (AIT-4) substances were selected. into inhibitor solutions in chemical beakers. If the melting reaction of the metal proceeds vigorously and The inhibitory properties of these compounds were the surface of the acid is in contact with air, then the depolarization solubility of hydrogen in steel is 93-95%. determined by gravimetric method on ARMKO-iron In such cases, the experimental results are reduced by 5-7%.[3;P. 413-418] electrode made of tubular steel St-80, size 40x20x5 mm, height 30 mm, surface area 0.0314 cm2. 20% HCl and 25% H2SO4, 1M HCI and 1M H2SO4 solutions were used as corrosive-aggressive media. The data obtained as a result of the studies are presented in Table 1 below. __________________________ Библиографическое описание: Rakhmatova G. GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF THE INHIBITORY PROPERTY AGAINST METAL CORROSION OF SUBSTANCES OBTAINED ON THE BASIS OF THIAINDAN AND THIO- CHROMAN Α-AMINO KETONES // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. 2022. 10(103). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14472

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Table 1. Efficiency level of AIT-1 and AIT-2 type inhibitors in 20% HCl and 25% H2SO4 solution at 25 0C Inhibitor The amount of time, 20% HCl 25% H2SO4 password inhibitor, mg/l hour K g / м2h Ζ% K g / м2h Ζ% 1 2 3 4567 АIТ-1 50 4 0,84 95,80 1,84 93,99 АIТ-2 100 6 0,89 95,76 0,97 96,73 250 8 0,84 96,33 0,95 96,85 500 4 0,46 97,70 0,87 97,22 1000 25 6 - - 0,93 96,86 100 250 8 - - 0,92 96,95 500 4 0,48 97,60 0,50 98,40 1000 6 0,33 98,12 0,45 98,48 8 0,38 98,34 0,45 98,50 4 0,48 97,60 0,48 98,46 6 0,36 98,28 0,36 98,78 8 0,31 98,64 0,39 98,70 4 0,55 97,25 0,38 98,78 6 0,45 97,85 0,34 98,85 8 0,39 98,29 0,36 98,80 4 1,15 94,25 0,95 96,96 6 1,16 94,47 - - 4 0,89 95,55 0,89 97,15 6 0,78 96,28 - - 4 0,59 97,05 0,53 98,30 6 0,49 97,66 - - 4 0,48 97,60 0,34 98,91 6 0,39 98,14 - - 4 0,35 98,25 0,20 99,36 6 0,38 98,19 - - From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the inhibitors in sulfuric acid solution are higher than in inhibition efficiency of AIT-1 and AIT-2 in 20% HC1 hydrochloric acid solution. and 25% H2SO4 solutions at a temperature of 250C increases in parallel with the increase of inhibitor Figure 1 below shows the concentration dependence concentration and time. Based on the results, it can be of the protection level of AIT-1 and AIT-2 inhibitors said that the inhibitory properties of AIT-1 and AIT-2 against corrosion of St.80 metal alloy in the environment of 25% H2SO4+ 20% HCl solution. [1;P.63-68] 100 96,85 96,96 98 96,33 96 94,47 96,95 97,15 97,7 96,28 98,5 98,3 97,6 97,66 98,7 98,91 98,34 98,14 98,8 99,36 98,29 98,19 Z, % 94 92 90 50 100 250 500 1000 C, мг /л AIT-2+sulfuric acid2 AIT-1hydrochloric acid AIT-2-hydrochloric acid Figure 1. Concentration dependence of the level of protection of AIT-1 and AIT-2 inhibitors in the medium of 25% H2SO4+ 20% HCl solution of St.80 metal alloy 15

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Table 2 below provides information on the degree medium (92 -98%) shows. In a 20% hydrochloric acid of protection of AIT-3 and AIT-4 inhibitors. As can be seen solution, which is considered an aggressive environment, from the data in Table 2, the inhibitors identified under the efficiency of the AIT-4 type inhibitor, that is, the the code AIT-3 and AIT-4 have high inhibitory properties inhibitor containing the morpholine radical, is 98.7%, even at a very low concentration, i.e. 50 mg/l, in 20% HCl while the efficiency of the piperidine-containing and 25% H2SO4 solution selected as an aggressive representative of the same compound, AIT-3, is 97.42%. Table 2. Effectiveness level of AIT-3 and AIT-4 type inhibitors in 20% HCl and 25% H2SO4 solution at 25 0C Inhibitor The amount of time, 20% HCl 25% H2SO4 password inhibitor, mg/l hour K g / м2h Ζ% K g / м2h Ζ% АIТ-3 50 2 4 1,77 91,15 0,40 98,72 АIТ-4 1000 6 1,50 92,86 0,35 98,82 2 1,17 94,90 0,52 98,91 50 4 0,94 95,30 0,44 98,59 6 0,68 96,76 0,26 99,12 1000 2 0,59 97,42 0,33 98,91 4 0,68 96,60 0,17 99,46 6 0,58 97,23 0,15 99,49 2 0,48 97,90 0,14 99,54 4 0,50 97,50 6 0,30 98,57 0,30 98,69 Chemical structure of the inhibitors experience above: BrCHCOC R2H R2CHCOC R1 SR R1 SR R=H; R1=H; R2= Piperidine R=CH3; R1=H; R2= Piperidine R=CH3; R1=H; R2= Morpholine R=CH3; R1=СH3; R2= Piperidine RCHCOC R1H RCHCOC S Br S R1 R=H; R1= Morpholine. R=H; R1= Piperidine This indicates that the inhibitor containing the protecting metals from corrosion is somewhat higher morpholine radical shows a higher inhibition efficiency than that of piperidine radical inhibitors. The inhibitory compared to the inhibitor containing piperidine in the efficiency of the investigated AIT-3 and AIT-4 type molecule. When comparing the inhibitory efficiency of inhibitors was higher in sulfuric acid than in hydrochloric the same compounds in 25% sulfuric acid, which is an acid, which is considered an aggressive medium. aggressive medium, the efficiency level of the inhibitor [2;P. 54-59] containing the morpholine radical was 98.91% at 50 mg/l, while the efficiency level of the AIT-3 inhibitor Thus, during the gravimetric study of the anti- containing the piperidine radical was the same at 50 mg/l corrosion property of the researched inhibitors, it was showed that it was at a very low non-significant level. found that it is a good inhibitor of the corrosion process However, it was found that the efficiency of AIT-3 in an acidic environment. Bonding of sulfur atom in all inhibitor is 98.91% and the efficiency level of AIT-4 synthesized inhibitors with aromatic group on one hand inhibitor is 99.54% in the working system of 1000 mg/l and semi-aromatic group on the other hand shows that of these substances. Based on the research results, it can inhibitor molecules are able to form strong chemisorption be said that the role of morpholine radical inhibitors in type bonds with structural materials in these aggressive corrosive systems. 16

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. References: 1. Rakhmatova G.B., Kurbanov М.J., Xidirova Z.U., Studius of the anticorrozive properties of sulfur-containing bicyclica- aminoketones. // Joornal of Critical Reviews. -2020. vol 7., Isue 3. –Р. 63-68. 2. Raxmatova G.B., Kurbanov М.J., Turabayeva N.B.,Tursunova G.K., Study of inspactive properties against corrosion of α-aminocetones and their products // Austrian Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences. №5-6, -2020. - P. 54-59. 3. C.A. Loto., O.S.I. Fayomi., R.T. Loto., A.P.I. Popoola. Potentiodynamic Polarization and Gravimetric Evaluation of Corrosion of Copper in 2M H2SO4 and its inhibition with Ammonium Dichromate // Procedia Manufacturing .- 2019. V 35. -P .413-418. 17

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. THE EFFECT OF WATER QUANTITY ON THE RELATIVE VISCOSITY OF WATER-OIL EMULSIONS Mirvokhid Sattorov Senior teacher, Bukhara Engineering and Technology Institute, Republic of Uzbekistan, Bukhara E-mail: [email protected] Bobirjon Adizov DSc., The branch of the Russian State University of Oil and Gas named after I.M. Gubkin in Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent Shahzod Toshev Student, Bukhara Engineering and Technology Institute, Republic of Uzbekistan, Bukhara Bekzodjon Rahmonov Student, Bukhara Engineering and Technology Institute, Republic of Uzbekistan, Bukhara ВЛИЯНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ВОДЫ НА ОТНОСИТЕЛЬНУЮ ВЯЗКОСТЬ ВОДОНЕФТЯНЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИЙ Сатторов Мирвохид Олимович ст. преподаватель, Бухарский инженерно-технологический институт, Республика Узбекистан, г. Бухара Адизов Бобиржон Замирович д-р техн. наук, ст. науч. сотр., Филиал Российского государственного университета нефти и газа имени И.М. Губкина в г. Ташкенте, Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент Тошев Шахзод Шухрат угли студент, Бухарский инженерно-технологический институт, Республика Узбекистан, г. Бухара Рахмонов Бекзоджон Обиджон угли студент, Бухарский инженерно-технологический институт, Республика Узбекистан, г. Бухара ABSTRACT The fact that the percentage of water in the structure of the water-oil emulsion, moving mainly through pipes, from the well body to oil refining plants of oil fields, varies, affects its properties. It will be necessary to control the viscosity when the liquid passes through the pipes. This, in turn, is done by knowing the influence of various properties and indicators of the dispersion system on each other. АННОТАЦИЯ Тот факт, что процентное содержание воды в структуре водонефтяной эмульсии, движущейся в основном по трубам, от тела скважины до установок по переработке нефти нефтяных месторождений, варьируется, влияет на ее свойства. Необходимо будет контролировать вязкость при прохождении жидкости по трубам. Это, в свою очередь, делается путем знания влияния различных свойств и показателей дисперсионной системы друг на друга. __________________________ Библиографическое описание: THE EFFECT OF WATER QUANTITY ON THE RELATIVE VISCOSITY OF WATER-OIL EMULSIONS // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. Sattorov M. [и др.]. 2022. 10(103). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14403

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Keywords: water-oil emulsion, viscosity, water quantity, dispersion phase, dispersion medium, concentration, diameter, temperature. Ключевые слова: водонефтяная эмульсия, вязкость, количество воды, дисперсионная фаза, дисперсионная среда, концентрация, диаметр, температура. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction The main part Water-oil emulsions are usually formed from oils Knowledge of viscosity is necessary when designing extracted by flooding with a high-water content under field pipelines through which oil is pumped from wells the influence of shear stresses and pressure gradients to its preparation plant, as well as when choosing settling during the passage of perforations, valves, constrictions equipment and its operating mode. The viscosity of the and bends of pipelines. Depending on the duration of the oil emulsion is not an additive property, i.e. it is not equal field operation, the amount of emulsion oil obtained in- to the sum of the viscosity of oil and water. The viscosity creases, which introduces significant complications into of crude oil (i.e. oil containing water droplets) depends the technology of mechanized production, collection and on many factors: the amount of water contained in the oil; preparation of commercial oil. Complications are most the temperature at which the emulsion is obtained; often associated with the formation of oil-water emul- the presence of mechanical impurities (especially iron sions in the borehole, which have high viscosity values sulfide FeS) and the pH of the water. Moreover, the and resistance to destruction. The increased consump- dispersion and water content in the emulsion continuously tion of heat, electricity and chemicals, the high cost of change during the collection of products. In addition, demulsification plants, problems with salt deposition oil emulsions, like paraffin oils, are a non-Newtonian and corrosion of equipment are the cause of high pro- liquid, so their viscosity when moving through pipelines duction costs and a significant increase in the cost of oil will depend on the velocity gradient [3, 4, 11]: [1, 2, 11]. µ = ���d������r���, Decomposing water-oil emulsions, transportation through pipes is not organized without studying their that is, µE is the apparent viscosity, so μE* = ƒ (μН, μВ, physico-chemical properties. In this case, the dispersion Т, W, D, pH, s, dv/dr). must necessarily take into account all the characteristics of the components that make up the system. The The water content as a dispersed phase in an oil- composition of the water-oil emulsion, in which the water emulsion can range from traces to 80-85%. volume share of water, the size of water droplets, etc., affects the relative viscosity of the water-oil emulsion. Figure 1. Dependence of the apparent viscosity of the emulsion on the water content in the oil and the mixing temperature From the analysis of curves fig.1. it follows that an The critical concentration of φcr water is called the inversion point. At the inversion point, the phases reverse increase in the water content in the oil emulsion to a cer- and the dispersed phase (water) becomes a dispersion tain limit increases the apparent viscosity μE of the medium, and the dispersion medium (oil) becomes a dispersed phase. That is, the emulsion changes its type emulsion, and, consequently, increases the energy costs from W/O to O/W type [1,5,7]. of pumping such an emulsion. 19

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. The conversion of phases of oil emulsions is of ex- ������������������������������ − the average diameter of the water drop in tremely great practical importance. The O/W type emul- the emulsion, m; sion is transported at lower energy costs than the W/O type emulsion. Therefore, when transporting the emul- Х and С – constants. sion, it is advantageous that the external phase is water, The value of the emulsion depends on the type and while the pipelines must be protected from corrosion. In viscosity of the hydrocarbon environment and the water addition, this technique is used in the process of preparing phase, temperature, nature and concentration of oil to better purify it from water [6, 8]. emulsifiers and solid particles, the presence of dissolved gases [2, 11]. The question of the effect of the dispersion of an One of such bonds is the A.Einshteyn formula, emulsion on its viscosity is extremely complex and in φ������ < 0,05 is in the proportion of water as follows: the scope of this discipline it can be considered only at the simplest level and show that with the same water ������������������������ = 1 + 2,5������������ content φ and the same shear rate dv/dr, the viscosity depends on the fragmentation of the dispersed phase. Eyler equation when φ������ ≤ 0,5 If this is the case, then it becomes clear that there are a large number of different formulas for the dependence ������������������������ = [2(11+−21,5,3������������������������)]2 of viscosity on the concentration of the dispersed phase and the spread of viscosity values that they give in relation H.C.Bringman and R.Roscoe φ������ ≤ 0,6 an ������ < to the same dispersed system. 100 ������−1 have established the following relationship for a wide range of water drop sizes in the emulsion: The only researchers theorized that the effect of water-oil emulsion relative viscosity increase in the 1 volumetric share of the dispersive phase. It is necessary ������������������������ = (1 − ������������)2,5 to approach this with caution. If the volume share of the dispersion phase in the water-oil emulsion exceeds 10%, and in their narrow dispersion, respectively the properties of the nonyuton liquid begin to deviate to the side [9,10]. Several formulas have been developed 1 in this regard, the exact composition is suitable for ������������������������ = (1 − 1,35������������)2,5 water-oil emulsion. The reliability of the formulas requires the researchers to know the volumetric size of the drops, for high-concentration emulsions0,5 < φ������ < 0,9, to what extent, the reduction in the size of the drops leads the E.Hatchek formula is used: to an increase in the relative viscosity of the emulsion. This effect by the formula F.Sherman is written as follows: 1 ������������������������ = 1 − ������1/3 ������������������������ = ������������ = ������ 1 + С ������о ������������������������������ Water-oil emulsion the larger the diameter of the water droplets in the composition, the lower the here: ������������- effective viscosity of the emulsion, Pa*s; emulsion viscosity and vice versa (Fig.2). ������о − dynamic viscosity of the dispersive environment, Pa*s; Figure 2. Water-oil emulsion effective viscosity dependence on water drop diameter (������������ = ������, ������) 20

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. As can be seen from the graph, a decrease in the phase inversion point are presented in table 1. [6,8,11] The data are compared with other water content of diameter of water droplets leads to an increase in the these oils. effective viscosity of the water-oil emulsion. Data on critical water content φcr for oil emulsions at a temperature of 20 °C, as well as viscosity at the Table 1. Data on critical water content φcr for oil emulsions in Uzbekistan at a temperature of 20 ° C, as well as viscosity at the phase inversion point Deposit Indicators in the range ������������������ Mullahol Kruk Water phase content, % volume. Viscosity, mPa*s S. Kemachi E. Chegara 61 2112 85 2742 76 1692 83 1987 80 5124 84 5347 69 4335 86 6034 Conclusion to increase the dispersive phase dimensions, that is, to merge the water droplets. Therefore, with the deposition If it is possible to improve the processes of its of torn water droplets on account of water-oil emulsion preparation and transportation by reducing the viscosity is achieved a decrease in the volume share of the of the water-oil emulsion, then in order to reduce the dispersing phase. viscosity, it is necessary to use different methods of action References: 1. Abdurakhim Ochilov, Mirvokhid Sattorov, Aygul Yamaletdinova and Shakhnoza Bokieva. Reduction the viscosity of oil-slime emulsions of heavy oils using gas condensate. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 839 (2021) 042082 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/839/4/042082 2. Koroleva M.Yu., Yurtov E.V. Investigation and modeling of rheological properties of concentrated reverse emulsions//GKZH.-1994. -Vol.56. -No.4. -pp.513-517 3. Loskutova Yu.V., Yudina N.V., Volkova G.I., Anufriev R.V. Studying the viscosity-temperature behavior of oil-water emulsions at the phase inversion point // International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research. - 2017. - No. 10-2. - pp. 221-225. 4. Mirvokhid Sattorov, Aygul Yamaletdinova, Abdurakhim Ochilov and Shakhnoza Bokieva. Breakdown of local oil- water emulsions by binary systems of surface-active substances. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 839 (2021) 042085 doi:10.1088/1755-1315/839/4/042085 5. Nuraddinov N.O.U., & Sattorov M.O. (2017). Study of the physical and chemical bases of the oil pretreatment pro- cess. Questions of Science and Education,(11 (12)). 6. Sattorov M.O., Yamaletdinova A.A., & Bakieva S.K. (2020). Application of binary systems of surfactants for dehy- dration of local oils. Universum: Technical Sciences,(11-4 (80)), 22-24. 7. Sattorov M.O., Yamaletdinova A.A., & Bakieva S.K. (2020). Analysis of the effectiveness of demulsifiers used in the destruction of local oil-water emulsions. Universum: Technical Sciences,(4-2 (73)), 52-58. 8. Sattorov M.O. (2019). Determination of the composition of the components of polymers-demulsifiers of decompo- sition of oil-water emulsions. Theory and Practice of Modern Science,(3), 260-262. 9. Sattorov M.O. (2018). The effect of salts on the use of oil and crude oil. Scientific aspect, 7(4), 860-862. 10. Soyibov S.A., & Sattorov M.O. (2016). Preparation of well products in the Bukhara-Khiva region during the period of falling production. Science, technology and education,(2 (20)). 11. V.N. Glushchenko. Reverse emulsions and suspensions in the oil and gas industry. - M.:Intercontact Science, 2008. 725 p.: ill. 21

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. DOI - 10.32743/UniTech.2022.103.10.14396 EFFECT OF CHANGE OF POLYETHROPOLIOL AMOUNT ON THE PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THERMOREACTIVE POLYURETHANE Asliddin Shodiyev Doctoral student of the Department of Chemical Technology Navoi State University of Mining and Technology, Republic of Uzbekistan, Navoi E-mail: [email protected] Bakhodir Mukhiddinov Professor of the Department of Chemical Technology, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Navoi State University of Mining and Technology, Republic of Uzbekistan, Navoi Sharifjon Kiyomov Senior researcher, LLC Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Republic of Uzbekistan, Ibrat ВЛИЯНИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВА ПОЛИЭТРОПОЛИОЛА НА ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА ТЕРМОРЕАКТИВНОГО ПОЛИУРЕТАНА Шодиев Аслиддин докторант кафедры “Химическая технология” Навоийского государственного горно-технологического университета, Республика Узбекистан, г. Навои Мухиддинов Баходир Фахриддинович д-р хим. наук, проф. кафедры “Химическая технология”, Навоийского государственного горно-технологического университета, Республика Узбекистан, г. Навои Киёмов Шарифжон Нозимович ст. науч. сотр, ООО «Ташкентского научно-исследовательского института химической технологии», Республика Узбекистан, п/о Ибрат ABSTRACT This in the article 4 ,4 -methylenediphenyldiisocyanate and polyether polyol based on traditional method thermoreactive polyurethane samples polycondensate received. Polyurethane harvest in doing 100 mass of 4,4- methylenediphenyl- diisocyanate 10, 30 and 50 mass per part in parts polyether polyol added. Harvest has been polyurethane of samples equilibrium of elasticity, deformation stress, elongation resistance strength, breaking resilience properties polyether pol- yol of the amount effect studied. __________________________ Библиографическое описание: Shodiyev A., Mukhiddinov B., Kiyomov S. EFFECT OF CHANGE OF POLYETHRO- POLIOL AMOUNT ON THE PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THERMOREACTIVE POLYURE- THANE // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. 2022. 10(103). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14396

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. АННОТАЦИЯ В статье получен термореактивный полиуретан на основе 4,4-метилендифенилдиизоцианата и полиэфир- полиола по традиционному методу поликонденсации. Образцы полиуретана получены по составам на 100 масс.ч. 4,4-метилендифенил-диизоцианата 10, 30 и 50 масс.ч. полиэфирполиола. Изучено влияние количество полиэфир- полиола на такие свойства полиуретана как: модуль упругости, деформационное напряжение, сопротивление удлинению и сопротивления разрыву. Keywords: polymer, equilibrium of elasticity, polyester polyol, diisocyanate, elongation resistance strength, breaking strength, deformation stress Ключевые слова: полимер, модуль упругости, полиэфирполиол, диизоцианат, сопротивление удлинению, прочность на разрыв, деформационное напряжение. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Current at the time metallurgy, mining, agriculture 9710-2019), density at 20 0 C - 1.113 g/cm 3 , refractive economy, chemistry industry such as different in the index -1.4315, the boiling point is 197.3 0 C. Butanediol fields polymer of materials place is incomparable. This (XCh) (GOST 30333-2007), density at 20 0 C is to class incoming polyurethane of materials high elastic- 1.017 g/cm 3, boiling point is 235 0C. Adipine acid ( XCh ) ity, to be fed endurance, electrical insulation, high de- ( GOST 10558-80), melting point - 152 0 C, boiling tem- formation such as features at the expense of many perature +265 0 C (100 mm/Hg). applied from polymers is considered. Thermoreactive polyurethanes basically production in the industry appli- Results and discussion cation with together metals the place presser materials as mechanical engineering industry is also wide in scope The studied polyurethane samples were prepared is being used. on the basis of 100 parts by weight of 4,4- methylenediphenyldiisocyanate and 10, 30, 50 parts by This of the polymer viscosity and durability endur- weight of polyester polyols. The strength limits of the ance, high elasticity in increasing known one molecular obtained polyurethane sample depend on the amount of to the mass have hydroxyl keeper polyether polyols pol- polyester polyol depends respectively It was different . yurethane synthesis is used [1, 2]. Scientific research at work A component used Research object in the metallurgical industry of parts 4,4- methylenediphenyldiisocyanate on their surfaces and polyurethane of samples equilibrium of elasticity, insides to improve performance content covered with deformation stress, elongation resistance strength, polyurethane materials. In order to study the physico- breaking resilience features polyether polyol (adipin of mechanical properties of polyurethane materials, different acid glycols with harvest did complicated ether ) quantity quantitative parts of polyether polyols added to 4,4- of change effect study is considered. methylenediphenyldiisocyanate were analyzed [3, 4]. Methods and materials The opportunity to mathematically analyze the values of polyurethane samples obtained using physical- The following methods were used in conducting mechanical methods such as elasticity balance, breaking scientific research: GOST 34376.2-2017 \"Determining resistance index, deformation stress. strength properties of polymers\"; GOST 4670-2015 \"Determination of hardness in plastics\"; GOST 56763- 4,4-Methylenediphenyldiisocyanate and of polyester 2015 \"Determination of polymer composites, resistance polyols from polycondensation yes delete made of (PU-1, to external environment\"; such methods were used. PU-2, PU-3) polyurethane of samples mass composition q in house gi in Table-1 given. The following substances were used in conducting scientific research: 4,4-methylenediphenyldiisocyanate Table 1. (GOST 12.1.007-76), Ethylene glycol (XCh) (GOST Polyurethane samples mass composition Sample generating components No Samples Unity 4,4-Methylenediphenyl Polyether polyol diisocyanate 1 PU-1 weight part 100 10 2 PU-2 weight part 100 30 3 PU-3 weight part 100 50 Above given Physical and mechanical properties of polyurethane samples with different amounts of pol- yether polyol change is presented in table 2. 23

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Table 2. Polyurethane physical and mechanical values of samples No Test methods Unity PU-1 sample values PU-2 sample values PU-3 sample values % 70 60 50 1 Elasticity balance 25 40 60 kN /m 2 S is in absorption resistance power 3 Deformation MPa 10 6 2 Voltage 4 The interruption consistency MPa 35 32 16 K– elasticity of polyurethane sample balance indicator, %. C – amount of polyester polyol, %; Figure 1. Samples elasticity balance to the indicator polyether polyol of the amount dependence Polyetherpolyol increases in the formation of 4,4-methylenediphenyldiisocyanate is ni increase to polyurethane sample. The number of bonds between decrease its elasticity balance take came. N - polyurethane sample in stretching resistance strength, kN/m , C – polyester polyol amount, % Figure 2. Resistant to wear and tear to the power Dependence of poliefyrpolyol content 24

№ 10 (103) октябрь, 2022 г. Tensile strength of polymer materials is, in a broad using [Breaking machine P-0.5] [ 5 , 6]. We can see that sense, the splitting of objects into parts under the with the increase of polyether polyol in the polyurethane influence of external forces, and irreversible change of samples, the tear resistance index also increased. This is their initial shape (plastic deformation). The breaking due to the increase in the number of urethane groups and resistance k index of polymer materials was studied bonds density is increased. Ω - deformation of the polyurethane sample stress, MPa, C – polyether polyol content, % Figure 3. Deformation or stress to i depending on the amount of polyether polyol Polymeric materials characterizes their elastic and Deformation Voltage using the following formula is plastic properties, deformation is a mechanical stress considered expressed by a change in the initial shape of the applied sample [7,8].  =L/L0 this on the ground - deformation , L-start' ich length mm, L 0 -after measurement length mm. Increases plasticity and elasticity property reduction was achieved. σp - polyurethane set an example, MPa, C - amount of polyether polyol, % Figure 4. Dependence of tensile strength on the amount of polyester polyol 25