LỊCH SỬ VIỆT NAM _ ĐINH THỊ THU CÚC Chủ biên_ NXB KHOA HỌC XÃ HỘI _ Tập 10

["Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Ng\u00e0y 10-3-1946, t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c m\u00edt tinh, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 100 ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u00f2i Ph\u00e1p nghi\u00eam chinh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, m\u1edf ngay cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a F\u00e9lix Gouin' ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c trong Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 Bidault, D'Argenlieu ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n. Ng\u00e0y 11-3-1946, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p m\u1edd ngay cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh, ch\u1edd l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Ng\u00e0y 18-3-1946, qu\u00e2n Ti\u1ebfp ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Ng\u00e0y 27-3-1946 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ngang nhi\u00ean chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ea3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, h\u1ea1 c\u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam xu\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho xe thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p c\u00f3 l\u1eafp s\u00fang li\u00ean thanh \u0111i di\u1ec5u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n ra ngo\u00e0i khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ng\u00e0y 29-3-1946 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng, b\u00e3i ch\u1ee3, \u0111\u00f2i Ph\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 quan B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m t\u1ea1i V\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long. Ng\u00e0y 24-3-1946, tr\u00ean t\u00e0u Emile Bertin neo t\u1ea1i V\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m. C\u00f9ng d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m, v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Tam v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng Minh Gi\u00e1m, v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 T\u01b0\u1edbng Leclerc, Sainteny v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a D'Argenlieu. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng hai b\u00ean c\u0169ng th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m. Sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i, ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ba \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu: \\\"Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t - V\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 c\u1ea3nh cho ph\u00e9p, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng t\u01b0, m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n 1. F\u00e9lix Gouin, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea3ng X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, sau khi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 De Gaulle \u0111\u1ed3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m \\\"Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Chinh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi, ng\u00e0y 24 -1-1946 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 27-1-1946 l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ba ph\u00e1i g\u1ed3m \u0110\u1ea3ng X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, Phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n (MRF) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. 151","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb g\u1ed3m 10 ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd \u0111i Paris mang t\u1edbi Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o anh em c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a; Th\u1ee9 hai - C\u0169ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Ph\u00e1p g\u1ed3m 12 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a Cao \u1ee7y Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u g\u1ed3m 12 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n; Th\u1ee9 ba - Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a th\u00e1ng 5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Paris\\\"1. Sau cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m v\u1edbi Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, 25-4-1946, \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1edbng L\u01b0 H\u00e1n \u1eef\u00ean V\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long v\u00e0 ng\u1ecf l\u1eddi m\u1eddi L\u01b0 H\u00e1n \u0111i th\u0103m Nam K\u1ef3 (nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p L\u01b0 H\u00e1n \u0111i). Qua s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 D'Argenlieu mu\u1ed1n kh\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi L\u01b0 H\u00e1n \\\"ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n\\\" c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u1edd Nam K\u1ef3. 2. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t Ng\u00e0y 7-4-1946, T\u01b0\u1edbng Leclerc chi th\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c \u0111om v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1eeba d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. T\u01b0\u1edbng Valluy, ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n Ti\u1ebfp ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ng\u00e0y 10-4-1946 chi th\u1ecb cho c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: 1) c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn nh\u1eefng c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam (c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa 1. L\u01b0u V\u0103n L\u1ee3i, N\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m ngo\u1ea1i giao Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1995, t\u1eadp 1. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 69-70. Ho\u1eb7c trong cu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Jean Sainteny, C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 269-270. 152","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, tr\u1ea1i l\u00ednh, khu ph\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3 nghi, kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n nhu); 2) chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu trong tinh, nh\u1eefng s\u1edd thu\u1ed9c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt; 3) b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. Ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e2y m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Ng\u00e0y 11-4-1946, t\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng s\u1edf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh, bu\u1ed9c qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t v\u1ee5 vi ph\u1ea1m Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n ra (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eadp ph\u00e1 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 g\u00e0n c\u1ea7u H\u1ea1 L\u00fd, cho xe b\u1ecdc th\u00e9p ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 khi\u00eau kh\u00edch, b\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng ven \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng...). Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 tu\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh th\u1ecb uy, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed5ng b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng, b\u00e3i ch\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ngang ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n li\u00ean ki\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ta v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Nha Trang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Ng\u00e0y 16-4-1946, ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i do \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u0103m Ph\u00e1p'. Theo tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m gi\u1eefa Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb s\u00ea l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 hai ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i v\u00e0o h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u1edf Paris. Ng\u00e0y 19-4-1946, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t khai m\u1ea1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ngo\u1ea1i giao Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Tam, Ph\u00f3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00e0 V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ed3m: Tr\u1ecbnh V\u00e0n B\u00ednh, C\u00f9 Huy C\u1eadn, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n, V\u0169 V\u0103n Hi\u1ec1n, V\u0169 H\u1ed3ng Khanh, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u0103ng Khoa, D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ea1ch Mai, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Luy\u1ec7n, Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch, B\u00f9i C\u00f4ng Tr\u1eebng, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh T\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ed3m: T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu, Kha V\u1ea1ng C\u00e2n, 1. C\u00f9ng \u0111i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n Ng\u1ecdc Danh, \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u1ee9c D\u1ee5c, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh H\u00e0, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Lu\u00e2n, Tr\u1ecbnh Qu\u1ed1c Quang, T\u00f4n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Ti\u1ec3ng, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Tr\u00ed, Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1ea5n Gi Tr\u1ecdng. 153","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Ki\u1ec1u Quang Cung, \u0110inh V\u0103n H\u1edbn, Ph\u1ea1m Kh\u1eafc H\u00f2e, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy\u00ean, H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Li\u00ean, Phan V\u0103n Ph\u00e1c, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tinh, Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Thanh, Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Thu\u1ef5, H\u1ed3 H\u1eefu T\u01b0\u1eddng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 d\u1eb7n d\u00f2 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c, v \u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch d\u1eb7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu: 1- N\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do (Etat libre): ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u00f5 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 do, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n ch\u00ecnh. 2- Li\u00ean bang (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration): Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng chi c\u1ecf v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 li\u00ean bang. 3- Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p (Union): Nh\u1eadn t\u1ef1 do li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5. Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft trong s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t \u1edf Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p, v \u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i giao, ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u: l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn Anh, M\u1ef9, Trung, Nga v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng Xi\u00eam, \u00c1n, Philippin. Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u00e0o Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c. v \u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. v \u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. v \u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 li\u00ean bang. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 s\u1ed5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i: \\\"C\u1ea7n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u00e0 v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p\\\"1. Ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p, tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00e0 Max Andr\u00e9 (\u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb D'Argenlieu m\u1edbi cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, Max Andr\u00e9 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i D'Argenlieu l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u00e0n)2. M\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 1. L\u01b0u V\u0103n L\u1ee3i, N\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m ngo\u1ea1i giao Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1995, t\u1eadp 1. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n, tr. 71-72. 2. Trong \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Messmer, Pigon, Torel, Bousquet, Gonon, Bourgoin, Guillanton, T\u01b0\u1edbng Salan, Gourou, Clarac. 154","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 trong bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ec7c chi\u00eau \u0111\u00e3i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu, \u0111o\u00e0n ta quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u00e0n Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Tam \u0111\u00e1p t\u1eeb b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o, trau chu\u1ed1t, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c vui v\u1ebb h\u01a1n1. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1ed1n \u1ee7 y ban: - \u1ee7 y ban ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb do Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n, Messmer l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch; - \u1ee7 y ban kinh t\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh do Tr\u1ecbnh V\u0103n B\u00ednh v\u00e0 Bourgoin l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch; - \u1ee7 y ban qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 do V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u00e0 Max Andr\u00e9 l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch; - \u1ee7 y ban v\u0103n h\u00f3a do Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh Tu\u1eddng v\u00e0 Gourou l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch. Trong hai \u1ee7 y ban kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a quan \u0111i\u1ec3m hai b\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng l\u1eafm. Trong hai \u1ee7y ban ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m hai b\u00ean ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp nhau. \u0110o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00eau ba v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: - H\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t ba k\u1ef3 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; - Quan h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i giao gi\u1eefa V i\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i; - Quan h\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p. \u0110o\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng hai b\u00ean th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 l\u00e0: - Quan h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i giao gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i; - Quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p; - V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng; - H\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t ba k\u1ef3 b\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n; T\u1ea1o b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 1. L\u01b0u V\u0103n L\u1ee3i, N\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m ngo\u1ea1i giao Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S \u00e1 c h \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 74. 155","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Ba ng\u00e0y sau bu\u1ed5i khai m\u1ea1c, nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch, bu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. C\u00e1c b\u00ean b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch li\u00ean bang, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i d\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o quan tr\u1ecdng, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa \u01b0\u1edbc trong phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp ng\u00e0y 8-5 l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam gia nh\u1eadp Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean. Ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u1ee9ong Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng chi c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quan h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 trong Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia. Vi\u1ec7t Nam mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp trong Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p, Ph\u00e1p mu\u1ed1n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p (v\u1ec1 sau v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd m\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edd Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p). Vi\u1ec7t Nam y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam nh\u01b0ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u00e0n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16. v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ba k\u1ef3, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng Ph\u00e1p mu\u1ed1n t\u00e1ch Nam K\u1ef3 ra kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd. Khi nghe m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p (Torel) ngang ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u: \\\"C\u00e1c \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y\\\", V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \\\"N\u1ebfu Nam B\u1ed9 m\u1ea5t th\u00ec d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\\\" r\u1ed3i b\u1ecf ph\u00f2ng h\u1ecdp \u0111i ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111i ra1. Nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Devillers nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \\\"...nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e0n n\u1ea3y l\u1eeda t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u1ea9y l\u1eeda v\u00ec ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Nam K\u1ef3 d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o. Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i b\u1ecb x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng cao \u0111\u1ed9\\\"2. Sainteny c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \\\"T\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \\\"trang b\u1ecb\\\" 1. L\u01b0u V\u0103n L\u1ee3i, N\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m ngo\u1ea1i giao Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1995. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 78. 2. Philppe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 215. 156","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau kh\u1ec9 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. cho c\u00e1i khung c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00e2n \u00e1i bao tr\u00f9m h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 5 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u0103ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u0110o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam coi Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 k\u00fd t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t, \u0111\u00f3 chi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n s\u01a1 khai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00eam nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi. \u0110o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ebft bao nguy hi\u1ec3m, l\u00e0 ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u cam k\u1ebft\\\". Sainteny \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p: \\\"Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t\\\"1. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u1eebng b\u1eafn, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb b\u1ebf m\u1ea1c, v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a r\u1eddi \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t. Ng\u00e0y 31-5-1946, nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u0103m Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch. Tnr\u1edbc khi l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9. Th\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft: \\\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tin t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u qua Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m b\u00e2ng khu\u00e2ng. B\u00e2ng khu\u00e2ng l\u00e0 v\u00ec ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Nam B\u1ed9 s\u1ebd ra th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? 1- T\u00f4i xin \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, \u0111i \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, \u0111i chia r\u1ebd d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta; 2- T\u00f4i xin \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ee9 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh. T\u00f4i xin h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o r\u00e0ng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh tranh \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn non s\u00f4ng cho to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9. 1. Jean Sainteny, C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1. S\u00e1ch \u0111a d\u1eabn, tr. 276. 157","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1n, n\u00fai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f2n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd thay \u0111\u1ed5i!\\\"1. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho c\u1ee5 Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong th\u1eddi gian Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i v\u1eafng. \u00d4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng, tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u0103m Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u1edd Paris. \u0110e ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u1ec1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t B\u1eafc - Trung - Nam l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9, \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c gi\u00e1c th\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Paris: \\\"B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng\\\", gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb Nam K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong v\u00f2ng th\u00e1ng 6. M\u1ed9t \\\"ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Nam K\u1ef3\\\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p g\u1eedi sang Paris.2 Ng\u00e0y 1-6-1946, \\\"n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb Nam K\u1ef3\\\" tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ra \u0111\u1eddi, l\u1eadp n\u00ean Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi do b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thinh l\u00e0m Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Xu\u00e2n l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ng\u00e0y 3-6-1946, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thinh, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u cam k\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u1edd Nam B\u1ed9. Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a sang \u0111\u1ebfn Biarr\u00edtz (Ph\u00e1p) ng\u00e0y 12-6-1946 nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u1ecb ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n do \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i c\u00e1c, cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 22-6-1946 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Paris. Ng\u00e0y 12-6-1946, n\u1ed9i c\u00e1c thi\u00ean t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Gouin s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Ng\u00e0y 19-6-1946 Georges Bidault, l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Phong tr\u00e0o b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a D'Argenlieu v\u00e0 Leclerc, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 21-6, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u00f3p nho\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfm 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 246. 2. Theo Ph. Devillers thi ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gouin, Varenne... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 223. 158","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Pleiku v\u00e0 Kon Tum. Ng\u00e0y 23-6, t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n. V\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn Paris, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin ngay. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u00e0y 6-7-1946, cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m Vi\u1ec7t - Ph\u00e1p khai m\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i Paris nh\u01b0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Fontainebleau, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u00e1ch xa Paris \\\"\u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kinh s\u1ee3\\\"1. 3. Ph\u00e1i hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0m cho t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng Ph\u00e1i hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn trong Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u1eeba ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh Nam B\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u00e2m m\u01b0u t\u00e1ch Nam B\u1ed9 ra kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9, d\u00f9ng Nam B\u1ed9 l\u00e0m b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ra to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t Ph\u00e1p mua chu\u1ed9c, l\u00f4i k\u00e9o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd (h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn, l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng p h \u00e1i...2), t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch chia r\u1ebd l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u00e9n, g\u00e2y ra nhi\u00e8u cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t; m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft b\u1eaft l\u00ednh, m\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn c\u00e0n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn c\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p huy \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n, c\u00f3 m\u00e1y bay, t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn y\u1ec3m h\u1ed9 (nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadn c\u00e0n \u1edf Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a ng\u00e0y 19-4- 1946). T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 5-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p M\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Khu VIII c\u1ee7a ta. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8-1946, do ph\u1ea3i chia l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra B\u1eafc v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u1ec7 binh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p nh\u00e3n d\u00e0n. 1. Philippe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1eef. 228. 2. Nh\u01b0 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn qu\u1ed1c gia li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea3ng, Li\u00ean minh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea3ng... 159","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ta, trong \\\"Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s \u0129 \u1edf ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Nam B\u1ed9\\\" sau khi k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 th\u00e1ng 3-1946, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng b\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng th\u1eddi c\u01a1 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ph\u00e1 t\u1ec1, tr\u1eeb gian, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e3n, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3. T\u1ea1i Khu VII, t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3-1946 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946, t\u00ecnh hinh chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n1. T\u1ea1i Khu VIII, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a khu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng do vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb An Ph\u00fa \u0110\u00f4ng (Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh) \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p M\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5-1946, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh T\u00e2n An, M\u1ef9 Tho, Sa \u0110\u00e9c, B\u1ebfn Tre, V\u0129nh Long, Tr\u00e0 Vinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i, 5 chi \u0111\u1ed9i (14, 17, 18, 19, 20) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Chi ri\u00eang tinh G\u00f2 C\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu. C\u0169ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5-1946, do b\u1eaft li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Khu IX \u1edf \u01af Minh, X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y Nam B\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u00e1m d\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf, ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng du k\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946, m\u1ed7i tinh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb hai trung \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n. N\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chia r\u1ebd (\\\"Vi\u1ec7t Minh c\u0169\\\", \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Minh m\u1edbi\\\"), t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, \u0111\u00f4i khi d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn xung \u0111\u1ed9t, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u1ee7 y ban c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 Nam B\u1ed9, c\u1eed \u00f4ng L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed5 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00ednh 1. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946 to\u00e0n Khu VII c\u00f3 16 chi \u0111\u1ed9i (chi \u0111\u1ed9i 6 v\u00e0 13 do \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u1ec7 binh v\u00e0 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, chi \u0111\u1ed9i 1 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 D\u1ea7u M\u1ed9t, chi \u0111\u1ed9i 10 c\u1ee7a Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a, chi \u0111\u1ed9i 11 c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ninh, chi \u0111\u1ed9i 12 c\u1ee7a Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, chi \u0111\u1ed9i 15 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn, chi \u0111\u1ed9i 16 c\u1ee7a B\u00e0 R\u1ecba, b\u1ea3y chi \u0111\u1ed9i 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 21, 25 c\u1ee7a Binh Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 binh s\u0129 \u0110\u1ec7 tam s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n. 160","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \/\/. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Nam B\u1ed9. C\u00f3 l.lOOx\u00e3\/ tr\u00ean 1.230 x\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 du k\u00edch c\u00e1c \u1ea5p, x\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i1. T\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb kh\u00e1c, phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u \u1eebanh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thu h\u00fat th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng hom. Trong ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p (14-7), c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf sao v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n dung Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf dinh Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c c\u0169, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i ra l\u1ec7nh gi\u1edbi nghi\u00eam. Ng\u00e0y 3-8-1946, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng, b\u00e3i ch\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edd \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t. Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u00e1o ch\u00ed c\u00f4ng khai nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \\\"Ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\", \\\"Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c\\\",... K\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ng\u00e0y C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0y 19-8-1946, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0y t\u1ecf th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p. Ng\u00e0y 15-11- 1946, cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1ecb x\u00e3 B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: \\\"\u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\\\", \\\"Tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh \u1ee7 y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9\\\", \\\"Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng xu, m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t th\u00f3c cho ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u00f9 nh\u00ecn\\\"... \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. T\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a con em v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\" c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng trong t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c, t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 du k\u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 u Minh, \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p M\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf b\u1ecb k\u00ecm k\u1eb9p. C\u00f3 1. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p 1945-1954, t\u1eadp I. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 134-135. 161","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i binh l\u00ednh quay s\u00fang v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ngu\u1ef5 quy\u1ec1n r\u1ec7u r\u00e3 1. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thinh m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Ng\u00e0y 10-11-1946, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thinh t\u1ef1 v\u1eabn. \u1ede c\u00e1c tinh Nam Trung B\u1ed9, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ng\u1eebng b\u1eafn m\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t, l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Kh\u00e1nh H\u00f2a, Ninh Thu\u1eadn, B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn, Phan Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kh\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1eeb Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p ranh. Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp ba tinh C\u1ef1c Nam Trung B\u1ed9 phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb b\u1ebb g\u1eaby. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh giao th\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 1, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda Nha Trang - S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e1p Ch\u00e0m - \u0110\u00e0 L \u1ea1t... Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm n\u1ed5i d\u1eady \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1, b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch. \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1eeba l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbch l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c chi \u0111\u1ed9i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh trung \u0111o\u00e0n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (c\u00f4ng binh, th\u00f4ng tin ...) \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n, dao g\u0103m, ki\u1ebfm... \u0110\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1, c\u00e1c tinh Kh\u00e1nh H\u00f2a, Ninh Thu\u1eadn, B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00eam ba trung \u0111o\u00e0n (80, 81 v\u00e0 82). \u1ede v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, c\u00e1c chi \u0111\u1ed9i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean th\u00e0nh ba \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n (\u0110\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n 23 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 tinh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh; \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n 27 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean; \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n 31 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edd Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i). Chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nam Trung B\u1ed9 b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft, s\u1ef1 chi vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. B\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy Khu V v\u00e0 Khu VI d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng 1. Trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 t\u1ec1, tr\u1eeb gian, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi ph\u1ea1m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n, ch\u00f9 tru\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n H\u00f2a H\u1ea3o...), l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f3 c\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 ta. 162","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tri nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3n V\u1ea1n Gi\u00e3, Hi\u1ec1n L\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u00e1ng 5-1946), \u0110\u00e8o C\u1ea3 (th\u00e1ng 6-1946)... Khi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean (ng\u00e0y 21-6-1946), c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed (nh\u01b0 Bu\u00f4n H\u1ed3, B\u1ea7u C\u1ea1n, H\u00f2n R\u1ed3ng, Mang Giang, An Kh\u00ea...) g\u00e2y cho \u0111\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng \u00edt t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed. Nhung do kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n s\u1ee9c, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a ta ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tinh ven bi\u1ec3n mi\u1ec1n Trung. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 6-1946, \u0111\u1ecbch chi\u1ebfm xong T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean. Chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn l\u1eadp \\\"X\u1ee9 T\u00e2y k\u1ef3 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\", t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \\\"c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Cao Nguy\u00ean\\\", t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch chia r\u1ebd, l\u00f4i k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean theo h\u1ecd. \u0110e \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 Nam Trung B\u1ed9, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ph\u00e2n ban Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1, nh\u1eb1m chi \u0111\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1, ch\u0103m lo \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o... T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 9-1946, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0169 trang nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh. Chi\u1ebfn khu b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp \u1edf Cheo Reo, Ma-\u0111r\u1eafc, Bu\u00f4n H\u1ed3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111om v\u1ecb v\u0169 trang T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp: m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u1edf C\u1ee7ng S\u01a1n, Bu\u00f4n H\u1ed3, Cheo Reo; m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i \u1edf An Kh\u00ea. \u0110\u1ecba b\u00e0n T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean r\u1ed9ng, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu n\u00ean trong v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm Gia Lai, Kon Tum th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1n r\u00fat h\u1ebft v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31-3-1946 nh\u01b0 Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p - Hoa \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p mu\u1ed1n qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00fat nhanh \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra ngay t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5-1946 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c r\u00fat qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda T\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi di\u1ec5n ra \u00e0o \u1ea1t. Ng\u00e0y 18-9-1946, \u0111om v\u1ecb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a b\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t k\u00e8 th\u00f9 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t th\u00e2n v\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e2u nay b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a, 163","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng sang s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c (nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ea3i Th\u1ea7n...), m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf l\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phe ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c l\u1eadp n\u00ean \\\"Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\" ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn. V\u1ee5 nh\u00e0 s\u1ed1 7 ph\u1ed1 \u00d4n Nh\u01b0 H\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh1. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c truy qu\u00e9t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n Chi\u1ebfn khu I v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn khu II t\u1ea1i B\u1ea1ch H\u1ea1c, Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Y\u00ean B\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1edbn qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea3ng, bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat sang L\u00e0o Cai. Th\u00e1ng 11-1946, qu\u00e2n ta gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng L\u00e0o Cai, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. \u0110i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng khi\u00eau kh\u00edch, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1edf S\u01a1n La (Thu\u1eadn Ch\u00e2u, M\u01b0\u1eddng Hung, Chi\u1ec1ng Cang, s\u1ed1p c\u1ed1p, Chi\u1ec1ng Khi\u00eang, B\u1ea3n H\u1edbt,...), uy hi\u1ebfp m\u1ea1nh v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda Nam tinh S\u01a1n La. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, v\u1eabn ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Sau khi chi\u1ebfm xong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tinh Lai Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00ecnh S\u01a1n La, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a Th\u1ed5 ty \u0110\u00e8o V\u0103n Long l\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ng\u1ee5y quy\u1ec1n, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp \\\"X\u1ee9 Th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\". Ngang nhi\u00ean chi\u1ebfm Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n c\u0169 sau khi qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch r\u00fat \u0111i, c\u00f9ng trong th\u00e1ng 6-1946, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00ean chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng Ph\u1ee7 L\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u00e0y 8-7-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p k\u00e9o l\u00ean L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n. Ng\u00e0y 17-7-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0110\u0103ng, b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh, ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t ba ng\u00e0y ch\u00fang m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. Ng\u00e0y 21-7-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0110i\u1ec1m He. Trong th\u00e1ng 7 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm M\u00f3ng C\u00e1i, 1. Nh\u00e0 s\u1ed1 7 ph\u1ed1 \u00d4n Nh\u01b0 H\u1ea7u (nay l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1 Nguy\u1ec5n Gia Thi\u1ec1u) l\u00e0 s\u00e0o huy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c\\\". Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14-7 c\u1ee7a \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c\\\", ng\u00e0y 12-7-1946, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng an, V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1m x\u00e9t, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u tang ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i b\u1eaft c\u00f3c, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n, in b\u1ea1c gi\u1ea3... 164","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng do V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ea3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0n s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ea5t d\u00e3 man. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm khu m\u1ecf H\u00f2n Gai. Ng\u00e0y 3-8-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm doanh tr\u1ea1i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u1edd T\u00e2y - Nam th\u1ecb x\u00e3 B\u1eafc Ninh, \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ea1m g\u00e1c \u1edd c\u1ea7u \u0110u\u1ed1ng, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng s\u00e2n bay H\u1ea1 V\u0129 (B\u1eafc Giang). Sau khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb x\u00e3, th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a tinh H\u1ea3i Ninh, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \\\"X\u1ee9 N\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\", mua chu\u1ed9c, l\u00f4i k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. 4. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Fontainebleau th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a g\u1ea5p r\u00fat t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ef1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn N h\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t - Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6-3-1946 khai m\u1ea1c ng\u00e0y 6-7-1946, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf Paris m\u00e0 \u1edf Fontainebleau. \u0110o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng (Tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111o\u00e0n) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean: Phan Anh, Tr\u1ecbnh V\u0103n B\u00ednh, T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh H\u00e0, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy\u00ean, B\u1eedu H\u1ed9i, Hu\u1ef3nh Thi\u1ec7n L\u1ed9c, D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ea1ch Mai, Chu B\u00e1 Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0110\u1eb7ng Ph\u00fac Th\u00f4ng, Ph\u1ea1m Kh\u1eafc H\u00f2e, Ho\u00e0ng Minh Gi\u00e1m. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ec7, Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c, V\u0169 Tr\u1ecdng Kh\u00e1nh, H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Li\u00ean, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Luy\u1ec7n, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u00ecnh, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1eafc Kh\u00ea. \u0110o\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: Max Andr\u00e9 (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u00e0n), Juglas, Lozeray, Baudet, T\u01b0\u1edbng Salan, \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Baijot, L. Pignon, Torel, Rivet, Messmer, Gonon, Bourgoin, D'Arcy, Gayet, Bousquet. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Fontainebleau li\u00ean t\u1ee5c g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gay c\u1ea5n. Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, trong phi\u00ean khai m\u1ea1c, \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng, tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nam K\u1ef3 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng vi ph\u1ea1m Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6-3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hai \\\"s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ed3i\\\" (vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ngang nhi\u00ean chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n, n\u01a1i vi\u00ean T\u1ed5ng chi huy qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eeba r\u00fat \u0111i ngay gi\u1eefa th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n g\u00e2y b\u1ee9c x\u00fac nh\u1ea5t. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p mu\u1ed1n 165","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 \\\"tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \\\" c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u00d4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \\\"M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m tr\u00e1i l\u1ebd m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t - Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 6-3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn tin ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t n\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ecfa m\u00e2n nh\u1eefng nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00e0 v\u1eabn song song c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 \u1eef\u00ean nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n \u1ea5y m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i v\u00e0o h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ea1t cho k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec1 ra... Nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft ch\u00ed ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c 20 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u1eefong m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 chia c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ef1 do Nam K \u1ef3 ...\\\"1. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Trong b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 24\/Cab ng\u00e0y 7-7, \u00f4ng ta vi\u1ebft: \\\"... Cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f4i l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng... v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u1ef3 \u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ch\u00fang ta th\u1eafng th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng\\\".2 N g\u00e0y 7-7-1946, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Fontaincbleau \u0111\u01b0a ra m \u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 g\u1ed3m 5 \u0111i\u1ec3m: 1) S\u1ef1 gia nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i; 2) D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng; 3) V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ba k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd t\u1ea1i Nam K\u1ef3, 4) Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf; 5) So\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc. 1. Le Monde, 7.7.46. Philippe Devillers. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1eeb. 229. 2. Le Monde, 7.7.46. Philippe Devillers. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 229. 166","Ch\u01b0cmg II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. Quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a hai b\u00ean v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau. \u00d4ng Max Andr\u00e9 n\u00f3i: \\\"Quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng minh m\u00e0 l\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 quan chung\\\". Trong C\u00f4ng h\u00e0m trao cho ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p ng\u00e0y 12-7-1946, ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"Nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y: a. T\u1ef1 do gia nh\u1eadp; b. Quy ch\u1ebf b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng; c. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung\\\". Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam: \\\"Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc. Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a \u1eeb\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o m\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi th\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau. \\\"S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1eddi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia. C\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i mang n\u1ed9i dung kinh t\u1ebf. v \u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n minh, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ed9t N am \u0111\u01b0\u1ef1c thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u01b0u \u0111ai hon hai n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd y\u00eau c\u00e0u. Nh\u01b0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng cho Li\u00ean bang tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7u\\\". Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u0169ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p: \\\"N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p. Quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u00faa ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p then ch\u1ed1t m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ed1c h\u1eefu h\u00f3a l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u01b0u ti\u00ean k\u00eau g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean Ph\u00e1p hom k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n \u0111ang \u1edf l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 167","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u1eefa th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p ...\\\"1. C\u00e1c \u1ee7 y ban h\u1ecdp t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 13 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1946 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau \u1edd h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t. Hai ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 thu\u1ebf quan, ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, ngo\u1ea1i giao... v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, v \u1ea5 n \u0111\u1ec1 Nam K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gay c\u1ea5n nh\u1ea5t. \u00d4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ea1ch Mai, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng khai trong phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ng\u00e0y 26-7: \\\"S\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ba k\u1ef3. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 Nam K\u1ef3, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, c\u00f2n b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Nam K\u1ef3: t\u00ecnh h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p - Vi\u1ec7t, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng hay\\\"2. \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu quay l\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh T\u01b0\u1edbng Leclerc \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n giao b\u1ed9 chi huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i cho Tu\u1edbng Valluy \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p; ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 Quy\u1ec1n \u1ee7y vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Trung K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u01b0\u1edbng Valluy trao l\u1ea1i cho \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Cr\u00e9pin; Sainteny t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ba th\u00e1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p. D'Argenlieu quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp \\\"H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quy ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean bang\\\" v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1-8 trong khi H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Fontainebleau \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n. Ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3. Ph. Devillers m\u00f4 t\u1ea3: \\\"D\u00f9 n\u00f3i g\u00ec \u0111i n\u1eefa th\u00ec khi c\u00f3 t\u00edn bay \u0111\u1ebfn Paris r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 khai m\u1ea1c th\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y 1- 8 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edbng Alessandri, \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng s\u1eadp c\u1eeda m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i r\u1ea7m theo t\u00e1c phong m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t quen thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. C\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, 1- 8, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trao l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m cho ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta \u1edf trong c\u00e1i th\u1ebf \\\"hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t\\\" sau \u0111\u00e2y; 1. Philippe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 231-232. 2. Philippe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1eeb. 235-236. 168","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. - Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Nam B\u1ed9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Nam B\u1ed9, c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam Trung B\u1ed9, c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 quy ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y th\u00ec Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh 6-3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Fontainebleau m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang h\u1ecdp \u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. - Ho\u1eb7c Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh 6-3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0nh, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Fontainebleau l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u1ea9m c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho ch\u00fang ta c\u00e1i tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng l\u1eadp l\u1edd n\u00e0y v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e3n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng l\u1eadp l\u1edd \u1ea5y bi\u1ebfn tan \u0111i\\\"1. C\u1ea3 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i Moutet l\u1eabn Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Bidault \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n D'Argenlieu tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c th\u00ec H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 n\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13-8-1946, trong \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \\\"Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nam K\u1ef3 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\", ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0ng gia L\u00e0o v\u00e0 ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0ng gia Campuchia, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu v\u1ec1 Li\u00ean bang. D'Argenlieu \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao \u00f4ng ta h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb: \\\"Theo \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1m ng\u01b0ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xong xu\u00f4i v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \\\"l\u00e2m th\u1eddi\\\", s\u1ebd c\u00f3 trong tay m\u1ecdi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i m\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u00fang l\u00fd m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, chi m\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 th\u00f4i... Qu\u1ea3 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n Ph\u00e1p - Vi\u1ec7t \u0111ang gi\u1eabm ch\u00e2n l\u00ean c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn; ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c 1. Philippe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 238-239. 169","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ee3, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc l\u00ean \u00e1n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n \u1edf Fontainebleau, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 b\u1eaft c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m theo \u00fd H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb.. . . Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c \\\"v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng\\\" nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m cho d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn Ph\u00e1p th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00e3o th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p2. Nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u1edd B\u1eafc Ninh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t Minh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Cr\u00e9pin \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nhau gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u1ed5n th\u1ecfa. Ng\u00e0y 9-8, Max Andr\u00e9 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam bi\u1ebft th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n Fontainebleau. Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edd l\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 14-8 v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a hai b\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng x\u00edch l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u00e0y 19-8, Ph\u00e1p trao cho ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam hai t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00e0y 14-8, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed5 chung. B\u1ea3n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu b\u1edbt nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn: \\\"Cho n\u00ean Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh mong mu\u1ed1n n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng hay... M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1edd ng\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p (GPRF) nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm ra c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a 1. Philippe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 241-242. 2. Philippe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1eeb. 242-243. 170","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, nhung s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra v\u1edbi Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6-3.... Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p... nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u00e0n cho m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i\\\". D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Nam B\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 sau: \\\"Cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn trong Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6-3-1946 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ngay khi tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i...\\\" Nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Devillers cho r\u1eb1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f9a \u00f4ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i Marius Moutet, nh\u01b0 trong b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 \u00f4ng ta g\u1eedi cho \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu ng\u00e0y 19-8-1946: \\\"...Ngay t\u1eeb h\u00f4m \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 chi ra c\u00f4ng khai r\u1eb1ng, v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd, t\u00f4i chi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn bao gi\u1edd nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 do ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 bao gi\u1edd tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1edd l\u1ea1i... T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00ednh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam K\u1ef3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nam K\u1ef3. B\u1eddi v\u1eady, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n trung c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i th\u00ec c \u00f3 ...\\\" 1. Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ed9l Nam c\u0169ng chuy\u1ec3n cho ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc (v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd t\u1ea1i Nam K\u1ef3). B\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00eau r\u00f5: \\\"...M u\u1ed1n v\u1eady, hai Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu b\u1edbt tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 theo \u00fd ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ba m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: 1) C\u1ee9u v\u00e3n l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam; 2) B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p; 3) Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Nam K\u1ef3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c 1. Philippe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1ee9. 245-249. 171","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u1ee7 y ban h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd\\\". B\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ed3m 14 \u0111i\u1ec1u, m\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0110i\u1ec1u 1: \u201cCh\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do m\u00e0 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ba n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y k\u00fd b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y\\\". Ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p t\u1ecf ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Pignon vi\u1ebft: \\\"Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng trong b\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f9i so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00e0 \u1edf Fontainebleau c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t N am ... Vi\u1ec7t Nam mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thu\u1ebf quan, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc C\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m v\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd t\u1ea1i Nam K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng. T\u1ed1i 13-9-1946 ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1eddi Paris, ng\u00e0y 14-9 l\u00ean t\u00e0u \\\"Pasteur\\\" t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng Marseille tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0y 14-9-1946, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi Moutet v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00fd v\u1edbi Moutet b\u1ea3n T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t - Ph\u00e1p. B\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a hai ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00eau r\u00f5: \\\"Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m theo \u0111u\u1ed5i, trong tinh th\u1ea7n tin c\u1eady l\u1eabn nhau, m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 m\u1ed3ng 6 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1946 v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n Ph\u00e1p - Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u00e0 Fontainebleau... Trong tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u1eabn nhau, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh k\u00fd k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc, mang l\u1ea1i trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra gi\u1eef\u00e3 1. Philippe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1eeb. 252. 172","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. v \u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn trong Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh 6-3, hai Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng nhau \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c sau n\u00e0y... Hai b\u00ean tin r\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1-1947 vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1eeba di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p - Vi\u1ec7t Fontainebleau\\\". Trong b\u1ea3n T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec \u0110i\u1ec1u 9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n quan \u1eef\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. \\\"\u0110i\u1ec1u 9: V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, t\u1ea1i Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, s\u1ef1 v\u00e3n h\u1ed3i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00e0n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1eebng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi chi\u1ebfn tranh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eeba n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u00f9ng nhau quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sau \u0111\u00e2y: a) Hai b\u00ean ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c; b) Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ban tham m\u01b0u Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u00ea \u0111\u1ec1 ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 hai b\u00ean c\u00f9ng nhau quy\u1ebft \u0111 \u1ecbnh;...\\\"1. C\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong b\u1ea3n T\u1ea1m v\u1ee9c. v \u1ec1 ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam, vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p cam k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trung c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd t\u1ea1i Nam K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30-10-1946 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Ngay sau khi k\u00fd, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 cam k\u1ebft th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng Minh Gi\u00e1m, Tr\u1ea7n Ng\u1ecdc Danh v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ea1ch Mai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, c\u00f2n Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh th\u00ec r\u1eddi Paris b\u1eb1ng xe l\u1eeda ng\u00e0y 18-9 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 19-9-1946, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean t\u00e0u \\\"Dumont d' \u01afrville\\\" t\u1ea1i Toulon \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. Ng\u00e0y 18-10 khi t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecbnh Cam Ranh, \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu l\u00ean t\u00e0u g\u1eb7p Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Ng\u00e0y 20-10-1946, 1. Philippe Devillers, Paris-SaiGon-HaNoi... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 262-264. 173","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 t\u00e0u c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed3ng \u1ea5m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp vi ph\u1ea1m Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6-3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Fontainebleau, ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 7 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8-1946 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a 10 th\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa. Th\u00e1ng 9-1946, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng Tham m\u01b0u tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c Khu tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c th\u00e1ng 10-1946 c\u0169ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, chinh \u0111\u1ed1n c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ec9 huy, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi, qu\u00e2n nhu, qu\u00e2n y, ch\u00fa \u1eeb\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i... Vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp 12 chi\u1ebfn khu \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. 5. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed7 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c 19-12-1946 Song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9, Nam Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a cho \\\"Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nam K\u1ef3 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\" do h\u1ecd d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00e2y chi\u00e9n \u1edf B\u0103c B\u1ed9. Ng\u00e0y 20-11-1946, T\u01b0\u1edbng Valluy ra l\u1ec7nh cho Morli\u00e8re, chi huy qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thu\u1ebf quan \u1edf c\u1ea3ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. Trong ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t chi\u00eac ca n\u00f4 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Hoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u1edf thu\u1ebf quan H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng cho ph\u00e9p ra v\u00e0o b\u1ebfn c\u1ea5m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1m x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p. Ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, x\u1ea3y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa hai b\u00ean v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea5n t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. \u1ee7 y ban Li\u00ean ki\u1ec3m Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng lan r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. Morli\u00e8re \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ng\u1eebng b\u1eafn t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 22-11-1946, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 D\u00e8bes \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edbng Valluy l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ra kh\u1ecfi H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ea3ng duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edd mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p ngang nhi\u00ean \\\"qua m\u1eb7t\\\" ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam 174","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh r\u1ed9ng ra, l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00f2i ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i t\u1eeb H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u0111i \u0110\u1ed3 S\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t trung \u0111o\u00e0n v\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, c\u00f4ng an xung phong v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn lu\u1ef9, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh gi\u1eadt v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eebng g\u00f3c ph\u1ed1, t\u1eebng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 di\u1ec5n ra \u00e1c li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u00e0y 28-11- 1946, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, l\u1eadp ph\u00f2ng tuy\u1ebfn c \u1ea7 u Ni\u1ec7m, c\u1ea7u R\u00e0o, An D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 bao v\u00e2y \u0111\u1ecbch. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, ng\u00e0y 20-11-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p vin c\u1edb \u0111i t\u00ecm h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt gi\u1ebft t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3-1945 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edd bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 g\u00e2y cho \u0111\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch, ng\u00e0y 27-11-1946, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi th\u1ecb x\u00e3 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, l\u1eadp ph\u00f2ng tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 4. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1946, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p \u1edd mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u00e1c li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6-3 v\u00e0 T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc 14-9-1946. Ng\u00e0y 23-11-1946 \u1ee7 y ban li\u00ean b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng1quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \\\"d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Ph\u00e1p\\\". V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u1edd Nam B\u1ed9, Nam Trung B\u1ed9, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia 60 ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 20 ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 l\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, g\u1ed3m s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba s\u1ed1 3, L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec5n \u0111\u00f4ng, b\u00e1n L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00ea d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 13, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi s\u1ed1 9.2 T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1946, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u1edd n\u00ean r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng, nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Ng\u00e0y 6-12-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh 1. Comminindo: m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00fac n\u00e0y do Messmer l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd, c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Campuchia v\u00e0 L\u00e0o. 2. Theo Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p 1945-1954, t\u1eadp I. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n, tr. 187. 175","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 chi\u1ebfm \u0110\u1ed3 S\u01a1n. Ng\u00e0y 14-12-1946, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam 400 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. Ng\u00e0y 8 v\u00e0 9-12-1946, Ph\u00e1p t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p \u1edf \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng. B\u00e1n L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh l\u00ea d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 13, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh l\u00ea d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a xe t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 l\u00ean \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng. T\u1ea1i Ti\u00ean Y\u00ean, ng\u00e0y 12-12-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 4 \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm \u0110\u00ecnh L\u1eadp. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 khi\u00eau kh\u00edch, xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng, nh\u1eabn nh\u1ecbn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1946, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ra chi th\u1ecb To\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u00eau t\u00f3m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn: 1. Cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta; 2. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; 3. C\u01a1 quan chi \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; 4. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u0103n trong khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; 5. Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn.1 Ng\u00e0y 16-12-1946, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y Nam B\u1ed9. Th\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft: \\\"T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t g\u0103ng. Ph\u1ea3i cho \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang hay, nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u0169ng v\u1ec1 ta. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf n\u1eefa. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 Nam B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho Ph\u00e1p \u0111em h\u1ebft t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 ra \u0111\u00e1nh Trung, B\u1eafc. Vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh binh ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c uy hi\u1ebfp S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 qu\u00e2n nhu, \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.. .\\\"2. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a b\u00e0y t\u1ecf th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong cu\u1ed9c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean t\u1edd Paris - S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ng\u00e0y 13-12 -1946, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00f3i: 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 8. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 150-155. 2. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 8. S\u00e1ch \u0111a d\u1eabn, \u1eeb. 156. 176","Ch\u01b0cmg II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. \\\"\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u00f4i v\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c mu\u1ed1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfn tranh... N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i h\u00e0ng bao nhi\u00eau sinh m\u1ea1ng. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u1eebanh \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m... N\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n gh\u00ea g\u1edbm v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ebd kh\u1ed1c h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do. D\u00f9 sao, t\u00f4i mong r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u1ea5y. C\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u00ed s\u1ee9c g\u00e2y m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u1ed1c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft \u1ee9\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1ng hoang t\u00e0n th\u00ec th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u tai h\u1ea1i\\\".1 C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Anh, Hoa K\u1ef3, Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1eed ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng... k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1i hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. S\u00e1ng 16-12-1946, T\u01b0\u1edbng Valluy t\u1eeb S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ra H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c v\u1edbi Morli\u00e8re, Sainteny, D\u00e8bes k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c b\u1eafc v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n ra. T\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p ph\u00f3ng xe tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, c\u00f4ng an, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta. Trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y 15, 16-12-1946, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p n\u00e9m l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 b\u1eafn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m. Ng\u00e0y 17-12-1946, xe c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u1ee7i ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1 L\u00f2 \u0110\u00fac. S\u1ef1 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed9t \u0111inh khi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p g\u00e2y n\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 t\u00e0n s\u00e1t d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng B\u00fan v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1 Y\u00ean Ninh. 1. B\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1 434, ng\u00e0y 13-12-1946. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 473. 177","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Ng\u00e0y 17-12-1946, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a h\u1ecdp b\u00e0n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. C\u1ee5 B\u00f9i B\u1eb1ng \u0110o\u00e0n, Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng tham d\u1ef1 phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng V\u1ed7 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1edbi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u1edd H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng, nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p khi\u00eau kh\u00edch \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c cho th\u1ea5y \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0110i\u1ec1u 38 v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u 49 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 19461, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1edbi Th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Ng\u00e0y 18-12-1946, T\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1p Morli\u00e8re g\u1eedi t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 cho ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a: \u0111\u00f2i chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng S\u1edf T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c S\u1edf Giao th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f2i ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef tr\u1ecb an \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. T\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 n\u00eau r\u00f5: n\u1ebfu ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u00ec ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm ng\u00e0y 20-12-1946, h\u1ecd s\u00ea h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng! Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110 \u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ng\u1eafn trong hai ng\u00e0y 18 v\u00e0 19-12-1946 t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng V\u1ea1n Ph\u00fac (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng) b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, g\u1eedi \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c khu \u1ee7y, tinh \u1ee7y, chi th\u1ecb s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. S\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 19-12-1946, ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p g\u1eedi ti\u1ebfp cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ta m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f2i t\u01b0\u1edbc v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u00ecnh chi m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p gi\u1eef tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y 19-12-1946, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng 1. \u0110i\u1ec1u 38 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"Khi Ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u00ean chi\u1ebfn hay ng\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn\\\". 178","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chuy\u1ec3n m\u1eadt l\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang: \\\"Chuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac 18 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 12. H\u00e0ng mang m\u00e3 hi\u1ec7u A c\u1ed9ng hai, B tr\u1eeb hai. Ch\u00fa \u00fd theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u00f3n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd\\\" (Quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 m\u1eadt l\u1ec7nh l\u00e0: A l\u00e0 gi\u1edd, B l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y)1. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00fac 20 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 12. M\u1eadt l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn khu, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c noi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp nh\u1eadn l\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 quy \u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t c\u00e2u: \u201c\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ch\u00fa \u00fd! \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ch\u00fa \u00fd! Xin tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc nghe l\u1eddi H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch\\\". \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00fang 20 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1946, \u0110\u00e0i Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang. \u0110\u00fang l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n trong to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i t\u1eaft ph\u1ee5t (do c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e8n B\u1edd H\u1ed3 ph\u00e1 m\u00e1y). Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u1ed5 s\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc: \\\"H\u1ee1i \u0111ong b\u00e0o to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c! Ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nhung ch\u00fang lu c\u1ee7ng ri\/l\u00e3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ee5v d\u00e2n P h\u00e1p c\u00e0ng lan t\u1edbi, v\u00ec ch\u00fang quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa! Kh\u00f4ng! Ch\u00fang ta th\u00e0 hy sinh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, ch\u1ee9 nh\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1eaft n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. H\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o! Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean! B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng. \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb, kh\u00f4ng chia t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. He l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111 \u1ec3 c\u1ee9u T\u1ed3 qu\u1ed1c. A i c\u00f3 s\u00fang d\u00f9ng s\u00fang. Ai 1. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed5ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p 1945-1954, t\u1eadp I. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 169. 179","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 c\u00f3 g\u01b0\u01a1m d\u00f9ng g\u01b0\u01a1m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u01b0\u01a1m th\u00ec d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1c, thu\u1ed5ng, g\u1eady g\u1ed9c. A i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ra s\u1ee9c ch\u1ed5ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1eddi anh ch\u1ecb em binh s\u0129, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n! Gi\u1edd c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn! Ta ph\u1ea3i hy sinh \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ecdt m\u00e1u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. D\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i gian lao kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft hy sinh, thang l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t mu\u00f4n n\u0103m ! Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i mu\u00f4n n\u0103m ! Sau khi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ng\u00e0y 21-12-1946, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ed3ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 gian kh\u1ed5. D\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i hy sinh bao nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 20 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ed5ng l\u1ea1i 10 v\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. Cu\u1ed9c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ta r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \\\"2. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t 16 th\u00e1ng, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ra \u0111\u1eddi, d\u00f9 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u00ec r\u00fat cu\u1ed9c v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh do ph\u00e1i hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p g\u00e2y ra v\u1edbi d\u00e3 t\u00e2m h\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1946, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 lan kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam nghe theo l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1eeb. 480-481. 2. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1eeb. 484. 180","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II. T\u1eeb sau khi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.. Ch\u00ed Minh nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean, huy \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00ec d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u1eb3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u01b0\u1edbc sang m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi, v\u1eeba h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng, v\u1eeba kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t: giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. 181","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III CHI\u1ebeN TRANH LAN R\u1ed8NG RA C\u1ea2 N\u01af\u1edaC V\u00c0 \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG L\u1ed0I KH\u00c1NG CHI\u00c9N C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea2NG C\u1ed8NG S\u1ea2N VI\u1ec6T NAM L \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG L\u1ed0I KH\u00c1NG CHI\u00c9N C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea2NG To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1945 v\u00e0 trong n\u0103m 1946 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf ch\u00ec c\u00f3 \u1edf ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng do Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0a ra. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u00e2m b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea9y t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea1m vi, quy m\u00f4, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, vi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecd s\u1ee9c quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. \u0110i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng 12-1946 \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ra \u201ct\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0\u201d \u0111\u00f2i t\u01b0\u1edbc v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng an ta, bu\u1ed9c ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. Ch\u00fang r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1edd cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn (d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20-12) nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed8I Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft. Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, k\u1ebb th\u00f9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y ta v\u00e0o th\u1ebf b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eb7t ngh\u00e8o nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 1946, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng, m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u1edd l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 khoanh tay 182","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. ng\u1ed3i ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 anh d\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, v\u00ec h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, c\u01a1m \u00e1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u1edd Nam B\u1ed9 (9-1945) v\u00e0 To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn (12-1946) l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, v\u00ec quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i t\u1ed1i cao v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p cao c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0m cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng v\u0103n minh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. N\u1ed9i dung Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c (ng\u00e0y 25-11-1945), Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng (19-10-1946) v\u00e0 V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \\\"C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea5n c\u1ea5p b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd\\\" m\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1eef\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, ng\u00e0y 12-12-1946, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng ra Chi th\u1ecb \\\"To\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\", n\u00eau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00f3m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m: m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p thi h\u00e0nh. v\u1ec1 \\\"cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\\\", Chi th\u1ecb v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5: \\\"1. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: \u0110\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c; gi\u00e0nh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp; 2. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; 3. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch: \\\"\u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd to\u00e0n d\u00e2n\\\". \\\"Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\". \\\"Ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p, t\u1ef1 t\u00fac v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t\\\". \\\"\u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Mi\u00ean, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 do h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\\\". \\\"Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Ph\u00e1p, ch\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p\\\"; 183","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 4. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh: Tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng du k\u00edch, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn. B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c, kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f3i, kh\u00e1t, qu\u00e8, m\u00f9, \u0111i\u1ebfc, c\u00e2m, ti\u00eau hao, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n. V\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1eeba v\u00f5 trang th\u00eam, v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00eam c\u00e1n b\u1ed9\\\". Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \\\"To\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\" c\u00f2n v\u1ea1ch ra: \\\"Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\u201d g\u1ed3m 12 \u0111i\u1ec1u, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta; \u0111\u1ec1 ra nh\u1eefng \\\"\u0111i\u1ec1u r\u0103n\\\" v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \\\"kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u\\\" r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. N\u1ed9i dung nh\u01b0 sau: \\\"1. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n; 2. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n, ch\u00ednh, d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed; 3. Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Ph\u00e1p, ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p; 4. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u1edbi hai d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Mi\u00ean, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c trong kh\u1ed1i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p; 5. Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Trung Hoa, Xi\u00eam, \u00c1n \u0110\u1ed9, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 h\u00f2a b\u1ec9nh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi; 6. \u0110\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c, t\u00e0i l\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u00e9n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u00e9n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; 7. \u0110\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ec5u phi, tr\u1eeb gian; 8. Gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Trung, Nam, B\u1eafc; 9. C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7; 10. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n cho to\u00e0n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u; 11. T\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 t\u00fac; 12. H\u1ebft s\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed\\\". \\\"D\u00e2n: \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c tr\u1eeb gian. T\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u1ee7 n g h\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i. B\u00e1o tin cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i. 184","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. Gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111i l\u00ednh, n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf, b\u00e1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, mua h\u00e0ng, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, l\u1ed9 tin t\u1ee9c cho Ph\u00e1p\\\". \\\"Qu\u00e2n: Kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng gi\u1eb7c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t s\u00fang. Kh\u00f4ng b\u1eafn ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n... \u1ee7 n g h\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh...\\\". B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, t\u00e0i s\u00e0n cho d\u00e2n; K\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 d\u00e2n; S\u0129 quan v\u00e0 binh l\u00ednh m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng tu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean; Ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt\\\". Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: \\\"To\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft! Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i! Tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt du k\u00edch\u1ec9 M\u1ed7i ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. M\u1ed7i l\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i. M\u1ed7i vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n th\u00f9. C\u01b0\u1edbp s\u00fang gi\u1eb7c b\u1eafn gi\u1eb7c. Qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng. Th\u00e0 ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i\\\". Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea5y d\u00e2n l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c, d\u1ef1a ch\u1eafc v\u00e0o d\u00e2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh, Chi th\u1ecb To\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tuy ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n chinh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1eabn d\u1eaft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n 185","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 ta trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. C\u00f9ng v\u00f3i L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed5ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Chi th\u1ecb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng, chi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u1edf Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ph\u00e1t huy chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng oanh li\u1ec7t \u1eefong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1eefng ch\u00ed, ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n th\u1eafng. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 2-1947, T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 70 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 81: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e1nh ai?\\\", \\\"\u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?\\\", \\\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f9a ta?\\\", \\\"Nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a ta v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p\\\", \\\"So s\u00e1nh h\u01a1n thua\\\", \\\"Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n\\\", \\\"\u0110\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean to\u00e0n d\u00e2n\\\"... Trong d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai ng\u00e0y Nam B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 in th\u00e0nh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \\\"Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh thang l\u1ee3i\\\". Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh c\u1ea9m nang cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed5ng Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf An to\u00e0n khu \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp theo ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, nh\u1eb1m t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111i t\u1eeb th\u0103ng l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c. L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Chi th\u1ecb To\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \\\"Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i\u201d c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0110\u1ea3ng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n thi\u1ebft tha v\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh trong n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u00e1 n\u00e0o; h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c tranh th\u1ee7 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 n\u00e0o. 186","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ec9. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ngay t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm v\u1ea1ch ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chi \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i n\u00eau r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n d\u00e2n (v\u1eeba t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ecdi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn...), ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00e0 \u1edf Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u0169ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn xu th\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1eafp t\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch chi ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n \u0110\u00e0ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n, n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh, nh\u1eb1m t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecbp nh\u00e0ng, \u0103n kh\u1edbp, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y, T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f2n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ta. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edd ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f2i Ph\u00e1p t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng Hi\u1ec7p \u0111inh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd ho\u1eb7c tr\u1edd l\u1ea1i v\u00ed tr\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y 20-11-1946 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1eadt s\u1ef1. Gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, cho n\u00ean cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00ec d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do, v\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cho d\u00e2n c\u00e0y trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u1edd m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0n d\u01b0 phong ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 s\u1edd h\u1eefu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. 187","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 To\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng chi \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ecdi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao nh\u1eb1m huy \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ecdi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, ph\u00e1t huy m\u1ecdi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i k\u1ebb th\u00f9. Do t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch, n\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e1nh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i l\u00e0 b\u00ed quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i... Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong t\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh du k\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i chung c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1t cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng: \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a, chi\u1ebfn tranh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 m\u1edbi. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch v\u00e0 n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u00e9n c\u1ee7a ta v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ph\u00fa c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3u c\u0169 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i chung \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a. 1. v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c cao; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e3n t\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e2m m\u01b0u chia r\u1ebd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed, 188","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c, t\u00e0i l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb Nam ch\u00ed B\u1eafc, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u1edbi hai d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia tr\u00ean b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (Trung Hoa, Xi\u00eam, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u00f2n non tr\u1ebb, l\u1eadp ra \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 chi \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. 2. v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy phong tr\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh quy V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n nh\u1eadp ng\u0169 v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u00e2m m\u01b0u x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. Tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng du k\u00edch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u01a1 quan, kho t\u00e0ng, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n; t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1; v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ta. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft, ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn, t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn cao. 3. v\u1ec3 k\u1ec9nh t\u1ebf: To\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p, t\u1ef1 t\u00fac, t\u1ef1 s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y s\u00fang gi\u1eb7c, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ta theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m \\\"v\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c\\\"; ra s\u1ee9c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, bi\u1ebfn h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta, kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00fang l\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfn tranh nu\u00f4i chi\u1ebfn tranh. 4. v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, c\u00f3 hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5: \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngu d\u00e2n, n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, x\u00f3a n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef; X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00fac n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \\\"Y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u0103m th\u00f9\\\". Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n, ki\u1ec7m, li\u00eam, ch\u00ednh, ch\u00ed c\u00f4ng v\u00f4 t\u01b0; \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham gia v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. 189","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 n . CHI\u1ebeN TRANH LAN R\u1ed8NG RA C\u1ea2 N\u01af\u1edaC, c u \u1ed9 c CHI\u00c9N \u0110\u00c1U \u1ede TH\u1ee6 \u0110\u00d4 H\u00c0 N\u1ed8I V\u00c0 M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0, TH\u1eca X\u00c3 Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n, nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u00e2m m\u01b0u v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edd Nam B\u1ed9, Nam Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a 16 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1eef v\u1eefng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e0nh th\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ong b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t, n\u1ed5 s\u00fang \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam 19-12-1946 \u1edf Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 kh\u00e1c. 1. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Do v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. So s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u th\u1ebf th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u01b0u th\u1ebf tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1, trang b\u1ecb, h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn... v \u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ecbch, theo Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3-1946, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i cho qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfp ph\u00f2ng thay cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u1eddng, cho n\u00ean t\u1eeb B\u1eafc v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 tr\u1edf ra, Ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec3n khai 15.000 qu\u00e2n th\u00ec ri\u00eang \u1edd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00f3 4.220. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 12-1946, t\u1eeb B\u1eafc v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 Ph\u00e1p n\u00e2ng l\u00ean 30.000, th\u00ec ri\u00eang H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00f3 6.500 binh l\u00ednh v\u00e0 s\u0129 quan thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c binh ch\u1ee7ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai. \u1ede H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 50 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed xen k\u1ebd v\u1edbi ta trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 6 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1eadp trung l\u1edbn nh\u01b0: Trong th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 1.200 qu\u00e2n, Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 500 qu\u00e2n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng Albert Sarraut c\u00f3 500 qu\u00e2n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi 250 qu\u00e2n, khu \u0110\u1ed3n Th\u1ee7y 800 qu\u00e2n, s\u00e2n bay Gia L\u00e2m 1.800 qu\u00e2n. V\u0169 kh\u00ed 190","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ecaII Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. c\u00f9a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n: 42 kh\u1ea9u s\u01a1n ph\u00e1o 75 ly, l\u1ef1u ph\u00e1o 105 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1o 37 ly b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed 2 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba \u1edd s\u00e2n bay Gia L\u00e2m v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Albert Sarraut c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb3n v\u00e0o h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xe m\u00e1y bao g\u1ed3m 22 xe t\u0103ng, 40 xe thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u1edf trong th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch m\u1ea1nh. S\u00e2n bay Gia L\u00e2m c\u00f3 30 m\u00e1y bay s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi vi\u1ec7n cho chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng ven \u0111\u00f4. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f4ng v\u00e0 chi vi\u1ec7n cho qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ecbch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed xen k\u1ebd v\u1edbi ta, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh quy, \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd c\u00f2n c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 7.000 Ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u1edf r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong khu ph\u1ed1 T\u00e2y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7p, tay sai, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch \u1edf l\u1ea1i sau khi qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch r\u00fat \u0111i. V\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang hy v\u1ecdng chi \u1eebong v\u00f2ng 24 gi\u1edd s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o; bao v\u00e2y, chia c\u1eaft, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ta v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e8 b\u1eb9p cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta n\u00f3i chung, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m mun \u0111\u00e1nh nhanh th\u1eafng nhanh. v \u1ec1 ph\u00eda ta, \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 5 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n v\u1edbi 2.516 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 8.500 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a ta c\u00f3 1.516 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang ir\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f9 c\u00e1c ki\u1ed5u lo\u1ea1i, 3 trung li\u00ean, 1 \u0111\u1ea1i li\u00f4n, 1 bad\u00f4ka, 1.000 qu\u1ea3 l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n, 80 bom ba c\u00e0ng, 7 kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o (g\u1ed3m cao x\u1ea1 37 ly, s\u01a1n ph\u00e1o 75 ly v\u00e0 20 ly). Ngo\u00e0i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00f2n c\u00f3 13 \u0111\u1ed9i quy\u1ebft t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1nh xe t\u0103ng, 36 \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, 4 trung \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1o cao x\u1ea1 \u1edf Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i L\u00e1ng, Xu\u00e2n Canh, Th\u1ee7 Kh\u1ed1i, Xu\u00e2n T\u1ea3o. V\u0169 kh\u00ed trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, Ph\u00e1p, Nh\u1eadt, T\u00e0u, Nga, Bi. C\u01a1 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t \u00edt, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n, v\u0169 kh\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u bad\u00f4ka, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng bom ba c\u00e0ng v\u00e0 chai x\u0103ng c\u01a1r\u1ebft. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, T\u1ed5ng b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Minh, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1edd, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, c\u00e1c kho t\u00e0ng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 12-1946, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0, 191","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 tr\u1ebb em, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 t\u00e1n v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n hay tinh kh\u00e1c. Trong th\u00e0nh, chi c\u00f2n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua so s\u00e1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0110\u1ecbch Ta - Qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 2,6 1 - S\u00fang b\u1ed9 binh 2,9 1 - Ph\u00e1o binh 61 Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i giam ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn, ti\u00eau hao, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t sinh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh nhanh th\u1eafng nhanh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, song ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Tuy so s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbch chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u00ed th\u1ebf s\u1ee5c s\u00f4i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \\\"Ai c\u00f3 s\u00fang d\u00f9ng s\u00fang, ai c\u00f3 g\u01b0\u01a1m s\u00fang g\u01b0\u01a1m ...\\\" s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng hy sinh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 vi chinh ngh\u0129a, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. Qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Th\u00e0nh \u1ee7y v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban H\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t. Sau H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c (19-10-1946), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng theo tinh th\u1ea7n chi th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh. \u0110e \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ta, sau hom m\u1ed9t n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea5u tranh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n cho H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n lmh v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch m\u1edbi. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, 192","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. c\u00f9a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Khu \u1ee7y v\u00e0 Ban chi huy Khu \u1ee7y XI \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ec9 mi, chu \u0111\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eadt, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. N\u1eafm r\u00f5 \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9, Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o: \\\"Chi\u1ebfn khu H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i ngay, tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u1edf Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u1ea7n giam ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n sang chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\"1. \u0110\u1ebb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 giao ph\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng - T\u1ed5ng Ch\u00ec huy, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch ngay tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong tr\u1eadn t\u1ed5ng giao chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Do qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp khi\u00eau kh\u00edch, g\u00e2y xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11-1946, \u1ee7 y ban b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Theo Chi th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o B\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy Khu XI (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau hao, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sinh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbch, giam ch\u00e2n ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eeba ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tr\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m B\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y ki\u00eam Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u00d4ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba V\u0169, 1. V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, H\u1ed3i \u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, 1995, tr. 37. 193","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Khu tr\u01b0\u1eddng Khu XI l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch. \u00d4ng Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1ee7y vi\u00ean Khu. T\u1eebng Li\u00ean khu c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cao \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch ra, n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m ba khu ph\u1ed1. Li\u00ean khu I l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 \u1edf gi\u1eefa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, g\u1ed3m 7 khu h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh: Ho\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh ngh\u0129a th\u1ee5c, \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e0nh, \u0110\u1ed3ng Xu\u00e2n, Tr\u00fac B\u1ea1ch, Long Bi\u00ean H\u1ed3ng H\u00e0. Ph\u00eda Nam v\u00e0 T\u00e2y - Nam, theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e0ng Ti\u1ec1n, H\u00e0ng Khay, Tr\u00e0ng Thi, C\u1ed9t C\u1edd (nay l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7). Ph\u00eda T\u00e2y B\u1eafc t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng C\u1ed5 Ng\u01b0 (nay l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Thanh Ni\u00ean) t\u1edbi Y\u00ean Ph\u1ee5. Ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, d\u1ecdc s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb Y\u00ean Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t l\u1edbn; Li\u00ean khu II l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c Nam H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ph\u00eda B\u1eafc gi\u00e1p Li\u00ean khu I, ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng theo h\u1eefu ng\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn V\u0129nh Tuy, ph\u00eda T\u00e2y d\u1ecdc H\u00e0ng L\u1ecdng (nay l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n), Kim Li\u00ean; ph\u00eda Nam, c\u00e1c x\u00e3 Ho\u00e0ng Mai, Thanh Nh\u00e0n; Li\u00ean khu III \u1edd T\u00e2y Nam th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, ph\u00eda B\u1eafc gi\u00e1p Li\u00ean khu I, ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng gi\u00e1p Li\u00ean khu II. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c. C\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf trong th\u00e0nh, \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi nh\u1eb1m ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbch. C\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00f2ng tuy\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i - H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 xe t\u0103ng, thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, ta x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u0169y, \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1eadt, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 n\u1ecd sang nh\u00e0 kia \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda B\u1eafc h\u1ed3 Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm, thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n Li\u00ean khu I, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tri\u1ec3n khai thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Li\u00ean khu I. Ngo\u00e0i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 do c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1 ti\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c \u0111om v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu. V\u1eeba kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u00e0n chinh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb \u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 th\u00e1ng. Chi\u1ebfn l\u0169y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1. 194","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. T\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 20 gi\u1edd 3 ph\u00fat ng\u00e0y 19-12-1946, \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1ee5t t\u1eaft. \u0110\u00e0i Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. Gi\u1edd c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng an, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u1eb7c theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng. Ngay t\u1eeb ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ed5 t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1ed1 tri \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u01b0: Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e8n B\u1edd H\u1ed3, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc Y\u00ean Ph\u1ee5, R\u1ea1p chi\u1ebfu b\u00f3ng M\u1ea1\u1ecbestic... T\u1eeb c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i L\u00e1ng, Xu\u00e2n Canh, Xu\u00e2n T\u1ea3o, \u0110\u00e0o Xuy\u00ean, ph\u00e1o binh b\u1eafn y\u1ec3m h\u1ed9, n\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh l\u00e0m l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tham gia c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i gi\u1eadt bom ph\u00e1 c\u1ea7u Long Bi\u00ean. T\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 n\u1ed5 m\u00ecn \u0111\u00e1nh g\u1ee5c h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e2y to v\u00e0 c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng toa xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, xe l\u1eeda \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 ng\u00e3 ba, ng\u00e3 t\u01b0. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng khu bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n \u1edf trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng khu x\u00f3m ngh\u00e8o \u1edd ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafp bao c\u00e1t, c\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, n\u00e9m \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u0169y. C\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c giao th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n. Qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ecdi v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 trong tay. Tu\u1ef3 theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, th\u1ee3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh, ti\u1ec3u th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tham gia chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Sau \u0111\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 kh\u00e1c, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch tuy c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n v\u00e0 l\u00fang t\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. 15 ph\u00fat sau khi ta n\u1ed5 s\u00fang, \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c 4 m\u0169i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng h\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau then ch\u1ed1t. Ch\u00fang t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u xe t\u0103ng, n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 Ph\u1ee7, Nh\u00e0 B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n, Nh\u00e0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i giao th\u00f4ng huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0: c\u1ea7u Long Bi\u00ean, ga H\u00e0 N \u1ed9i... nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u ch\u00fang c\u0169ng v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta. 195","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 T\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 khu n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0o C\u1eeda \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y m\u1ed9t kho x\u0103ng v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u1ea1i khu C\u1eeda Nam, m\u1ed9t trung \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed s\u00fang m\u00e1y tr\u00ean g\u00e1c n\u00e3 s\u00fang v\u00e0o qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf H\u00e0ng B\u00f4ng, Th\u1ee3 Nhu\u1ed9m, cho nh\u1eefng t\u1ed1p nh\u1ecf t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0o \u0111o\u00e0n xe thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i ch\u1edf l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p \u1edf C\u1eeda Nam v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1 Tr\u00e0ng Thi. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u oanh li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u00eam 19-12 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 Ph\u1ee7. Khu v\u1ef1c B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 Ph\u1ee7 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5, B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, Nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 ch\u00ed Minh. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp trung \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y 300 l\u00ednh l\u00ea d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi xe t\u0103ng, 10 xe thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p, hai kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o 75 ly, nhi\u1ec1u s\u00fang c\u1ed1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i li\u00ean m\u1edd cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 Ph\u1ee7. T\u1ea1i B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 Ph\u1ee7, tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u di\u1ec5n ra h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u00e1c li\u1ec7t. Trong su\u1ed1t 20 gi\u1edd, qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh lui 6 \u0111\u1ee3t xung phong c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ec3 oanh t\u1ea1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, ta ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00fat lui \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tr\u1eadn B\u0103c B\u1ed9 Ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1edbn trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf khu trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ta ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t 122 t\u00ean, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y 4 xe t\u0103ng v\u00e0 3 xe qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n g\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 hy sinh oanh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean L\u00ea Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m \u00f4m bom ba c\u00e0ng lao v\u00e0o xe t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecbch. Ri\u00eang \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, Trung \u0111\u1ed9i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u r\u1ea5t d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, b\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 anh d\u0169ng hy sinh. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh n\u1ed5i \u01b0\u1ed1ng m\u00f5 l\u00e0ng n\u00e0y sang l\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng cho n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c khu L\u00e3ng B\u1ea1c, \u0110\u1ea1i La, \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a, M\u00ea Linh, \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m t\u1eadp trung t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i, t\u1eebng ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4 ph\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I, II v\u00e0 III. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111om v\u1ecb t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 c\u00f9a Ho\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0110an Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, Thanh Tr\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tham gia chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Ngay trong \u0111\u00eam, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1 ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, r\u1eddi b\u1ecf khu ph\u1ed1 th\u00e2n y\u00eau ra \u0111i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. 196","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1eedc.. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u00e3 ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh n\u1eb1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4 l\u00e0m \\\"v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng\\\" \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh ra. C\u00e1c th\u1ecb x\u00e3, th\u1ecb \u1ee9\u1ea5n xung quanh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \\\"tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau th\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\". C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng t\u1eeb H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111i c\u00e1c tinh b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec7t ph\u00e1. S\u00e2n bay B\u1ea1ch Mai b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 III kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf. Qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u1eb7c khu Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ee5y - Gia L\u00e2m li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch v\u00e0o s\u00e2n bay Gia L\u00e2m 1. Li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf c\u00e1c tinh h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdc cho nhau nghe t\u1eebng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh trong L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf t\u1eebng \u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn l\u0169y, chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o giao th\u00f4ng - ai c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp th\u00eam ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin t\u1ea5t th\u1eafng. H\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 20 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 21-12, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng m\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch n\u00e0o l\u1edbn n\u1eefa. Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta v\u1eabn li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u1edf Stai-quai, nh\u00e0 Delevaux, nh\u00e0 ga H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, nh\u00e0 d\u1ea7u Shell, \u1edf Y\u00ean Ph\u1ee5, nh\u00e0 in IDGO, C\u1eeda B\u1eafc, Th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 trong 24 gi\u1edd. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, chi trong \u0111\u00eam 19 r\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y 20-12, \u1eeb\u00ean 300 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, 5 xe t\u0103ng, 2 xe g\u00edp, 7 xe v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y 20, 21, 22-12, ta v\u1eabn gh\u00ecm gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecbch trong th\u00e0nh ph\u00f3. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch r\u00e1o ri\u00e9t. Ch\u00fang chia nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n bao v\u00e2y, d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1o ng\u0103n b\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ta trong n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh, cho xe t\u0103ng d\u1eabn b\u1ed9 binh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Qu\u00e2n ta v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, \u0111\u00e1nh lui nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1eeba ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbch. C\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eeb C\u1eeda Nam ti\u1ebfn theo H\u00e0ng L\u1ecdng b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch, 15 t\u00ean b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t, 2 xe t\u0103ng v\u00e0 2 xe v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ecfng. Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ta \u1edf khu \u0110\u1ea5u X\u1ea3o k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd. M\u1ed9t trung \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng an xung phong b\u00e1m ch\u1eafc t\u1eebng \u1ee5 s\u00fang, b\u1edd t\u01b0\u1eddng, di\u1ec7t 20 t\u00ean. \u1ede khu ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba T\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng Tr\u1ee9, V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 Li\u00ean khu II ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh 197","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 200 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb L\u00f2 \u0110\u00fac ti\u1ebfn ra ph\u1ed1 Hu\u1ebf, di\u1ec7t 15 t\u00ean, ph\u00e1 1 xe t\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i \u0111\u1ecbch. Ng\u00e0y 21, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 s\u1edd B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh (164 Tr\u1ea7n Quang Kh\u1ea3i), tr\u1ee5 s\u1edd B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng (28 H\u00e0ng B\u00e0i), tr\u1ea1i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng (s\u1ed1 40 H\u00e0ng B\u00e0i). Chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ra \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh ra ph\u00eda n\u00e0o c\u0169ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta ch\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i. L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i, c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n, T\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 t\u1eadp k\u00edch c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf nh\u00e0 in Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh ph\u00eda C\u1eeda B\u1eafc, b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd n\u1ed5 s\u00fang v\u00e0o khu \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. B\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng minh, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eed \u0111\u1ecbch ra xa c\u0103n c\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0y s\u1eb5n, ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbch r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea1nh sau l\u01b0ng, c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau hao, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbch. Nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ed5 v\u0169 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh h\u0103ng h\u00e1i \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n nh\u1ecf, nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n v\u1eeba tham gia \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, v\u1eeba ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i, trung \u0111\u1ed9i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn th\u00eam nam n\u1eef thanh ni\u00ean t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn xin nh\u1eadp ng\u0169. Qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111om v\u1ecb t\u00e0ng l\u00ean t\u1eebng gi\u1edd. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp, c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi, m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i, m\u1edbi t\u1ea1m t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 c\u0169ng h\u0103ng h\u00e1i \u0111\u00e0o h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ki l\u00f4 m\u00e9t h\u00e0o giao th\u00f4ng, h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn h\u1ea7m h\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. Trong ng\u00e0y 20, 21 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1946, ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u00ean g\u00f3p 150 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i. Kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c th\u00f4n x\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec1u chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u00eau th\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed5ng, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 khi \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh t\u1edbi. Ti\u1ebfp sau ng\u00e0y 21-12-1946, theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a ta chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I (gi\u1eefa th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1), b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e2y k\u00edn b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 v\u00e2y r\u00fat ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i ngay \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I, ph\u1ed1 x\u00e1 ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3m ng\u00f5 s\u00e2u, r\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt du k\u00edch, qu\u00e2n ta bi\u1ebfn Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ed1t th\u00e9p gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch. 198","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 II (ph\u00eda Nam th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1) v\u00e0 \u1edf Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 III (ph\u00eda T\u00e2y th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1) b\u00e1m ch\u1eafc h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh \u0111ai v\u00e2y h\u00e3m \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf xung quanh, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I trong ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1nh. Sau khi \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4 v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng cung ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p quay v\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed5 I. Sau khi c\u00f3 th\u00eam vi\u1ec7n binh t\u1eeb trung tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng 1-1947, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi ra c\u1eeda \u00f4 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea9y l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta ra xa th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf trong th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn n\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung qu\u00e2n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I th\u00ec b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4 \u0111\u00e1nh \u00e9p t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o; n\u1ebfu xua qu\u00e2n ra m\u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I uy hi\u1ebfp b\u00ean \u1eefong. Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp t\u00e0ng vi\u1ec7n, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ecf h\u1ea1n, ta c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian giam ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau hao \u0111\u1ecbch. Ke ho\u1ea1ch \\\"chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng\\\" b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadp trung s\u1ee9c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta \u1edf n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh t\u1ecfa ra ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ecbch m\u1edd li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o: H\u00e0ng Da (ng\u00e0y 22-12), Ch\u1ee3 H\u00f4m, L\u00f2 L\u1ee3n (ng\u00e0y 23-12); H\u00e0ng B\u00f4ng (ng\u00e0y 24-12), \u0110\u1ea1i c \u1ed3 Vi\u1ec7t (ng\u00e0y 25-12), \u00d4 c \u1ea7 u D\u1ec1n (ng\u00e0y 26-12), ph\u00e1 m\u00ecn khu \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh ngh\u0129a th\u1ee5c (27-12)... \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm c \u1ea7 u \u0110u\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng I \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Ninh. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 29-12-1946, \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra 47 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u1eeb\u1eadn t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0o H\u00e0ng \u0110\u1eadu (ng\u00e0y 22-12), ph\u1ed1 Mai H\u1eafc \u0110\u1ebf, Ninh Nh\u00e2n, Nh\u00e0 D\u1ea7u (nay l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, ng\u00e0y 24-12), ph\u1ed1 Duy T\u00e2n (nay l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1 Hu\u1ebf, ng\u00e0y 27-12), ph\u1ed1 Kh\u00e2m Thi\u00ean (ng\u00e0y 28-12). \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u1edf ch\u1ee3 H\u00f4m, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ta d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m d\u00f9ng bom ba c\u00e0ng lao v\u00e0o xe t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbch. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i c \u1ed3 Vi\u1ec7t, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ta d\u00f9ng bad\u00f4ca b\u1eafn tr\u00fang xe b\u1ecdc s\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u1ea1i khu \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 b\u0103n r\u01a1i t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay khu tr\u1ee5c Moran. v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ecbch, kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u1ed5i c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta \u1edd b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1eadp k\u00edch, \u0111\u1ecbch 199","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hao. \u0110\u1ecbch thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh ra ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh. Trong l\u00fac ch\u1edd qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng l\u00ean, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 30-12- 1946 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 6-1-1947, \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1edf li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp 6 \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm v\u00e0nh \u0111ai \u1edd c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn t\u1eeb L\u00f2 L\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u00d4 C\u1ea7u D\u1ec1n, ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 Kim Li\u00ean, Kim M\u00e3, Ng\u1ecdc H\u00e0, Th\u1ee5y Kh\u00ea, Y\u00ean Ph\u1ee5. Qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t gi\u00e0nh gi\u1eadt l\u1ea1i t\u1eebng t\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0nh \u0111ai c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4 nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadn \u00d4 Ch\u1ee3 D\u1eeba (ng\u00e0y 30-12), tr\u1eadn V\u0129nh Tuy (ng\u00e0y 3-1-1947), Gi\u1ea3ng V\u00f5 (ng\u00e0y 4-1-1947). Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e2n ta v\u1eabn lu\u1ed3n s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn xe v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edd b\u1edd s\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0ng \u0110\u1eadu. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0169y th\u00e9p quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Du\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1eeba lo chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c, v\u1eeba gi\u1eef g\u00ecn tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb an, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch do cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1eb7t ra. Trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh di\u1ec5n ra d\u1eef d\u1ed9i \u1edd c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed9i, ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. S\u00e1t c\u00e1nh c\u00f9ng anh em, ch\u1ed3ng con, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u00eau cao kh\u00ed ph\u00e1ch anh h\u00f9ng, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0: Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i n\u1eef c\u1ee9u th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n 134, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i l\u00e0ng hoa Ng\u1ecdc H\u00e0, Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i n\u1eef giao th\u00f4ng L\u00e3ng B\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nguy hi\u1ec3m g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eef v\u1eefng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I v\u1edbi h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh xung quanh \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n S\u01a1n T\u00e2y - H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean - Ph\u00fac Y\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4. 200"]