["L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu cao v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn ng\u00e0y (3 th\u00e1ng) nhu l\u00faa Ba gi\u0103ng, l\u00faa Nam Ninh. N\u0103m 1948, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa Ba gi\u0103ng l\u00e0 9.609 h\u00e9c ta, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8.205 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c; n\u0103m 1949, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 8.957 h\u00e9c ta (gi\u1ea3m 6%) nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u0103ng l\u00ean 8.836 t\u1ea5n (t\u0103ng 7%). Nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng rau m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 x\u00e0 l\u00e1ch, c\u00e0 chua, rau mu\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111em l\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai. S\u1edf N\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh Li\u00ean khu IV c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn rau, tr\u1ea1m \u01b0\u01a1m gi\u1ed1ng rau v\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0: tr\u1ea1i V\u00e2n An huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch Th\u00e0nh, Quang \u0110\u00f4 huy\u1ec7n H\u00e0 Trung tinh Thanh H\u00f3a, Kim \u0110\u1ed3ng t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An... S\u1eafn l\u00e0 c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 hai sau l\u00faa. s\u1eafn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1edd trung du, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du. N\u0103m 1949, B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n 650.000 hom s\u1eafn Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, c\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn, n\u0103m 1949 t\u0103ng 27% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1948. \\\"\u1ede Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, 4.425 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1eddn s\u1eafn kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n nh\u00e0 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eafn. C\u00f3 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng 15.000 h\u1ed1c\\\"1. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4 c\u0169ng t\u0103ng, v\u1ee5 ng\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1949 \u1edd Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc t\u0103ng 15% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch do v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1948, v\u1ee5 ng\u00f4 cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1949 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u0103ng 20% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1948; \u1edd c\u00e1c tinh mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i, v\u1ee5 ng\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00e1c c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 d\u00e2u, b\u00f4ng, th\u1ea7u d\u1ea7u. Ngo\u00e0i l\u00faa, ng\u00f4, s\u00e1n, c\u00e1c c\u00e2y hoa m\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd gieo tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 t\u00fac l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nh\u01b0 khoai lang, khoai s\u1ecd, \u0111\u1eadu t\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1eadu xanh, l\u1ea1c, v\u1eebng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y l\u1ea5y s\u1ee3i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i. N\u0103m 1948, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c Khu I, X, III \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 13.004kg h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng b\u00f4ng. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng b\u00f4ng t\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, ri\u00eang \u1edf 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng, Nha kh\u1ea5n hoang di d\u00e2n, Nha n\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 1949. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia in, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1831. 450","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc n\u0103m 1948 l\u00e0 2.005,5 m\u1eabu, n\u0103m 1949 l\u00e0 3.536,72 m\u1eabu, t\u0103ng 75%. N\u0103m 1948, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 265,710 t\u1ea5n, n\u0103m 1949 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 415,820 t\u1ea5n, t\u0103ng 56%'. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngh\u1ec1 t\u1eb1m t\u01a1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e2u nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ec7t. 1.2. C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tuy m\u1edbi chi l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ban canh n\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh, huy\u1ec7n c\u1eed c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u1eaft s\u00e2u, di\u1ec7t chu\u1ed9t, d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, l\u00e0m chu\u1ed3ng gia s\u00fac, \u1ee7 ph\u00e2n, c\u00e1ch b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00e0y s\u00e2u b\u1eeba k\u1ef9, gieo m\u1ea1 th\u01b0a, c\u1ea5y l\u00faa nh\u1ecf r\u1ea3nh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00e8o hoa d\u00e2u l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n xanh. N\u0103m 1948, ri\u00eang Trung B\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 2.500 t\u1ea5n ph\u1ed1t p h \u00e1 t \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1949, S\u1edf Kinh t\u1ebf Li\u00ean khu I \u0111\u00e3 x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn khai th\u00e1c, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t \u1edf B\u1eafc Giang, mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u1ed1i c\u00e0y m\u1ed9t tr\u00e2u, d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1c x\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t thay tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2. M\u1ef9 Tho, Tr\u00e0 Vinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafp b\u1edd \u0111\u1eadp ng\u0103n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt; c\u00e1c Ty Canh n\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n n\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c t\u00f4 ch\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed9i gi\u00fap \u0111\u00f5 nhau trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u00e0, mua tr\u00e2u b\u00f2, c\u01b0\u1edbi xin, ma chay \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 s\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. T\u00f9y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo m\u1ed9t trong 3 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh l\u00e0: \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3. Trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, tr\u00e2u b\u00f2, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 gi\u1eefa 10-15 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong th\u00f4n x\u00f3m v\u1edbi nhau. H\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00f3p to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 hay m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c chung, nh\u01b0ng thu ho\u1ea1ch ri\u00eang. H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 l\u00e0 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t (c\u00f3 khi c\u1ea3 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1949... Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia m , ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 tu\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1849. 451","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 tr\u00e2u b\u00f2) \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Thu ho\u1ea1ch xong, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 cho ru\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ef9, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i chia cho nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5n chinh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh giao nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u1eafng ch\u1ee7 cho ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 giao ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o, c\u00f2n gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1i doanh \u0111i\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia. N\u0103m 1949 c\u00f3 7 tr\u1ea1i doanh \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1eadp doanh \u0111i\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c doanh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 trong n\u0103m 1948, 1949 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm hom trong n\u0103m 1950. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0a tham gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e3 trong v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 th\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u nhau: v\u00ed d\u1ee5 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e0y thu\u00ea, ph\u00e1t r\u1eaby ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf ch\u1ed7 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 kh\u00e1c. N\u0103m 1949 c\u00f3 878 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, 139 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ti\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, 90 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, 21.802 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng1. H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ti\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t. Khu IV, V h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, Khu III h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n y\u1ebfu, Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3. C\u00f3 n\u01a1i c\u00f2n thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, ch\u01b0a ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 vi\u00ean, ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1950, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ecf 1.582 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u00e0 25.491 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean n\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12-1950 \u1edf Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t 1. T\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 3 n\u00e1m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. H\u1ed9p 97, Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1689. 452","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. B\u1eafc c\u00f3 336.010 h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean, Li\u00ean khu III c\u00f3 148.739 h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean, Li\u00ean khu IV (t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 6-1950) c\u00f3 273.328 h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean, Li\u00ean khu V c\u00f3 236.555 h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean, Nam B\u1ed9 (t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 6-1950) c\u00f3 500.000 h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean1. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh t\u1ebf Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ra \u0111\u1eddi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 cho sau n\u00e0y. 1.3. \u0110\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh phong tr\u00e0o t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Phong tr\u00e0o t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu v\u00e0 trong c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111om v\u1ecb b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, c\u01a1 quan. \u0110\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa, hoa m\u1ea7u, m\u1edd c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, tr\u1ea1i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tinh Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, trong n\u0103m 1947-1948, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ea5y l\u00faa chi\u00eam \u0111\u1ea1t 109.384 h\u00e9c ta, s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ef1c 129.698,7 l\u00e1n th\u00f3c, nam 1948-1949 di\u1ed9n tich t\u00e2ng l\u00ean 118.005 h\u00e9c ta (t\u0103ng 7,8%), s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 151.108 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c (t\u0103ng 16%). V\u1ee5 l\u00faa m\u00f9a 1948-1949 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn, nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u1edf g\u1ea7n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ecb b\u1ecf hoang nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eabn t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u1ee5 m\u00f9a n\u0103m 1948 l\u00e0 346.494 h\u00e9c ta, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 450.461 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c, n\u0103m 1949 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0103ng l\u00ean 467.503 h\u00e9c ta (t\u0103ng 34%), s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 479.955 t\u1ea5n (t\u0103ng 6%)2. \u1ede Trung B\u1ed9, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng. N\u0103m 1948, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00faa c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh l\u00e0 448.000 h\u00e9c ta, thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 470.800 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng hoa m\u00e0u l\u00e0 79.200 h\u00e9c ta, thu ho\u1ea1ch 159.550 t\u1ea5n. Trong 6 th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1949, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa gi\u1ea3m c\u00f2n 179.000 h\u00e9c ta, thu ho\u1ea1ch 188.900 t\u1ea5n; di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u gi\u1ea3m c\u00f2n 62.350 h\u00e9c ta, thu ho\u1ea1ch 140.500 t\u1ea5n. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng b\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh n\u0103m 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f9a N\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i Trung \u01b0omg n\u0103m 1950. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u00f9 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1333. 2. T\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf... T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb5 d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u00f9 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1737. 453","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 1948 l\u00e0 6.870 h\u00e9c ta, thu ho\u1ea1ch 2.570 t\u1ea5n. N\u0103m 1949, do th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft x\u1ea5u, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0103ng l\u00ean 13.620 h\u00e9c ta nh\u01b0ng chi thu ho\u1ea1ch 2.350 t\u1ea5n. Ngh\u1ec1 \u1eeb\u1ed3ng d\u00e2u nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, n\u0103m 1948 tr\u1ed3ng 710 h\u00e9c ta d\u00e2u, thu 142 t\u1ea5n k\u00e9n; n\u0103m 1949 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 870 h\u00e9c ta, thu 160 t\u1ea5n k\u00e9n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n tr\u1ed3ng 1.730 h\u00e9c ta c\u00f3i, 2.050 h\u00e9c ta l\u1ea1c, 800 h\u00e9c ta tr\u1ea9u, 30 h\u00e9c ta th\u1ea7u d\u1ea7u, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 600 t\u1ea5n gai; tr\u1ed3ng 150 h\u00e9c ta m\u00eda, thu 6.000 t\u1ea5n m\u00eda c\u00e2y. Thanh H\u00f3a tr\u1ed3ng 300 h\u00e9c ta c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, thu 20 t\u1ea5n h\u1ea1t; Ngh\u1ec7 An tr\u1ed3ng 700 h\u00e9c ta c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, thu 40 t\u1ea5n '. T\u1ea1i B\u00ecnh - Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean, tuy th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u00edt c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i lo \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c, ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 y\u00ean t\u00e2m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. N\u0103m 1948, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng 150 h\u00e9c ta d\u00e2u, thu 25 t\u1ea5n k\u00e9n; Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb tr\u1ed3ng hom 800 h\u00e9c ta b\u00f4ng, thu ho\u1ea1ch 160 t\u1ea5n. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1948, \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, cho l\u00ednh \u0111i c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u00faa \u1edd Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4, khoai, s\u1eafn n\u00ean d\u00e2n t\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ee7 \u0103n. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i cho Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1950, ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5y 41.000 m\u1eabu l\u00faa \u1edf Tuy H\u00f2a, tr\u1ed3ng th\u00eam ng\u00f4, khoai, s\u1eafn v\u00e0 rau mu\u1ed1ng \u1edf kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n tinh. C\u00e1c tinh kh\u00e1c \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Trung B\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, phong tr\u00e0o t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh. Mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa, ng\u00f4, khoai v\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 d\u1ea7u; nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng khoai thay cho g\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m g\u1ea1o. Mi\u1ec1n Trung Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft thi\u1ebfu \u0103n cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng \u1edd T\u00e2n An, Long Ch\u00e2u ti\u00e8n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00fac ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7c \u1edf B\u1ebdn Tre, Tr\u00e0 Vinh; thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn m\u00eda n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng m\u00eda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edd M\u1ef9 Tho. Mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Nam B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a h\u1ea5u, d\u01b0a leo (d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t), chu\u1ed1i sang tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u00f4ng v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi t\u1ef1 t\u00fac v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7c. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m n\u00e0y, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa g\u1ea1o \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00e0y c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.118.000 m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng \u1eeb\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 2.300.000 m\u1eabu, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 150.000.000 gi\u1ea1 l\u00faa th\u00ec v\u1ee5 m\u00f9a n\u0103m 1948-1949 c\u00e0y c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1. T\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf... T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1737. 454","Ch\u01b0cmg V\u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. 1.082.500 m\u1eabu, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 67.938.500 gi\u1ea1 l\u00faa. V\u1ee5 m\u00f9a n\u0103m 1949-1950 c\u00e0y c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.699.000 m\u1eabu, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 72.106.400 gi\u1ea1 l\u00faa. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh, b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch phong t\u1ecfa ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i th\u00eam thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, n\u00f4ng c\u1ee5. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ta l\u1ea1i ch\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u00e1n cho th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p n\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa g\u1ea1o \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. 1.4. Coi tr\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i, ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai cQch h\u1ecda C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng) th\u00e1ng 5- 1948 \u0111\u00e3 chi r\u00f5: \\\"Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t hoang, mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00e1t th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eaby. Mi\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u00ea nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i t\u00e2n b\u1ed3i, khai ng\u00f2i \u1edd nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u00fang th\u1ee7y. S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u1eefng k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, \u0111\u00e0o th\u00eam k\u00eanh \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft\\\"1. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 gia c\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u00ea xung y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1eafp th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00ea m\u1edbi. B\u1ea3ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea sau \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1946-1950: B\u1ea3ng 8: Tinh h\u00ecnh s\u1eeda ch\u1eeda \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1946-19502 N\u0103m S\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u00f4ng (m3) (ng\u00e0y) 1946 2.720.000 3.400.000 1947 1.300.000 1.800.000 1948 1.320.000 2.000.000 1949 1.280.000 1.600.000 1950 300.000 400.000 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 9: 1948..., S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 101. 2. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u00e0nh t\u00edch s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong 8 n\u0103m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn (1946- 1954) c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u00f9 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1839. 455","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u, c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1eafp k\u00eanh m\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"d\u1eabn th\u1ee7y nh\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec1n\\\", \u0111\u00e0o ao, \u0111\u00e0o gi\u1ebfng, \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u00ea ng\u0103n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai, trung du v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t hoang h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng t\u1eeb c\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 t\u0103ng l\u00ean hai v\u1ee5 trong n\u0103m, nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng hoa m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam. N\u0103m 1949, Li\u00ean khu IV v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p M\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 70.313 h\u00e9c ta, v\u00f9ng h\u1eefu ng\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng khai kh\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 10.000 m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng b\u00e1n s\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecba. Nh\u1edd c\u1ea5y hai v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u, n\u0103m 1950 Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc t\u0103ng th\u00eam 45.000 t\u1ea5n l\u00faa, 192.000 t\u1ea5n hoa m\u00e0u so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1949. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng kh\u00e1. B\u1ea3ng 9: T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m1 S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 so v\u1edbi N\u1ec9m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Ghi ch\u00fa (t\u1ea5n) n\u0103m 1940-1944 (%) 1946 1.975.000 88 S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh 1947 2.189.880 98 n\u0103m 1940-1944 l\u00e0 1948 2.014.770 90 2.226.260 t\u1ea5n = 100% 1949 2.243.752 100,7 1. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong ba n\u0103m To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1689. 456","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. B\u1ea3ng 10: T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hoa m\u00e0u qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m' S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 so v\u00f3i m\u1ee9c N\u0103m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh Ghi ch\u00fa (t\u1ea5n) (%) 1946 617.000 310 (ri\u00eang B\u1eafc B\u1ed9) - S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh \u1edd 1947 472.510 185 B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 198.000 t\u1ea5n 1948 396.630 155 - S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh \u1edd 4 1949 418.900 Li\u00ean khu l\u00e0 254.450 t\u1ea5n 164 C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m. C\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ban b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng d\u00e2n - qu\u00e2n - ch\u00ednh \u1edd nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n tlii\u00e9l; \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01b0ng Li\u00ean khu III, IV, V v\u00e0 Nam B \u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kinh nghi\u1ec7m \\\"g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i xung phong\\\", t\u1ea3n m\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, th\u00f3c l\u00faa. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00f4n l\u00faa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, b\u1ed3 l\u00faa b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c \u1edf c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m gi\u1ea5u tr\u00e2u b\u00f2, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u01a1 t\u00e1n tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2 xa x\u00f3m l\u00e0ng, xa nh\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. Trong n\u0103m 1948, \u0111\u1ecbch gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i 20.300 con tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 nh\u01b0ng n\u0103m 1949, \u0111\u1ecbch chi gi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5.210 con. N\u0103m 1948, \u0111\u1ecbch c\u01b0\u1edbp v\u00e0 mua l\u1eadu (tr\u1ed1n thu\u1ebf) 4.820.000 gi\u1ea1 l\u00faa, tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 48.200.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u0103m 1949, \u0111\u1ecbch chi c\u01b0\u1edbp ph\u00e1 500.000 gi\u1ea1 l\u00faa, tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 5.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng2. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00faa, gia s\u00fac gia c\u1ea7m, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta c\u00f2n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e2m s\u1ea3n, ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng nh\u01b0 v\u1ee5 th\u00e1ng 3- 1949 l\u00e0m r\u1eebng B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y 30.000 m\u1eabu, ch\u1ed1ng khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng b\u1eeba b\u00e3i, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0 s\u1ea3n, gia s\u00fac, gia c\u1ea7m, c\u1ea5m gi\u1ebft m\u1ed5 tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2 b\u1eeba b\u00e3i. 1, 2. Tinh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u00e9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong ba n\u0103m To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u00f9 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1689. 457","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 S\u1edd Th\u00fa - ng\u01b0 c\u00e1c tinh quan t\u00e2m vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng d\u1ecbch, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, l\u1ee3n. N\u0103m 1949, \u1edf Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng d\u1ecbch cho 15.826 con tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, 10.344 con l\u1ee3n, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi d\u1eadp t\u1eaft \u1ed5 d\u1ecbch \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Li\u00ean khu IV th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9\u1ea1i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i nh\u01b0 \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An c\u00f3 24 tr\u1ea1i, Thanh H\u00f3a c\u00f3 10 tr\u1ea1i, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh c\u00f3 5 tr\u1ea1i, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh c\u00f3 6 tr\u1ea1i. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh n\u0103m 1949 l\u00e0 225.000 con tr\u00e2u v\u00e0 263.000 con b\u00f21. Nam B\u1ed9, s\u1ed1 gia s\u00fac, gia c\u1ea7m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u00e0ng l\u00ean, n\u0103m 1948 c\u00f3 196.124 con tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, 298.707 con l\u1ee3n, 2.402.900 con g\u00e0, v\u1ecbt; n\u0103m 1949 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 243.885 con tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2 (t\u0103ng 17.761 con), 539.709 con l\u1ee3n (t\u0103ng 81%), 2.734.200 con g\u00e0, v\u1ecbt (t\u0103ng 1,3%). Nh\u1edd c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, gia s\u00fac, gia c\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 v\u1ed1n, gi\u1ed1ng, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u00edch quan \u1eeb\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. 1.5. T\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ea3 v\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec1 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 coi \u1ee9\u1ecdng. Ng\u00e0y 28-11-1946, Li\u00ean B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5 - Canh n\u00f4ng ra th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3m 25% \u0111\u1ecba t\u00f4 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0129nh canh. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1948, do nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 n\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 25% b\u1ecb tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i, \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu ru\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Xem x\u00e9t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1948 cho th\u1ea5y: 1. T\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf... T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1737. 458","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. B\u1ea3ng 11: Tinh h\u00ecnh ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 19481 Khu v\u1ef1c Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch chung Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ru\u1ed9ng T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 (ha) (ha) (%) trung b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean lha ru\u1ed9ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 13.743.500 1.180.000 8 Trung B\u1ed9 14.760.800 700.000 5 6,7 -14,6 Nam B\u1ed9 6.474.300 2.258.160 34 4 -7 ,7 2-6,6 C\u1ed9ng 34.978.600 4.198.160 12 N\u0103m 1948, \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u00f3 4.000.000 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Trong \u0111\u00f3 1.876.800 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ru\u1ed9ng, 2.123.200 gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ru\u1ed9ng. Trong s\u1ed1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ru\u1ed9ng: 1.776.200 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 h\u00e9c ta, 94.100 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 h\u00e9c ta, 6.500 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 50 h\u00e9c ta2. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh s\u1edd h\u1eefu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau: C\u00f3 4.018 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, chi\u1ebfm 776.812 h\u00e9c ta; ru\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd (chi t\u00ednh ri\u00eang \u1edd c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, H\u00e0 D\u00f4ng, Il\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ninh \u0110inh, Il\u00e0 Nam , Nam D\u1ecbnh, Ki\u1ebfn An) chi\u1ebfm 18.872 h\u00e9c ta; ru\u1ed9ng b\u00e1n c\u00f4ng b\u00e1n t\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c ru\u1ed9ng th\u00f4n, ru\u1ed9ng Ph\u1eadt (ru\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a), ru\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 v\u0103n, ru\u1ed9ng phe gi\u00e1p (\u1edf c\u00e1c tinh Li\u00ean khu III) chi\u1ebfm 140.000 h\u00e9c ta... s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1n, c\u00f4ng th\u1ed5 \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau: 1. S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea theo ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1n, c\u00f4ng th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1t n\u0103m 1948. H\u1ed9p 80, Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1333. 2. s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea theo ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m... T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1333. 459","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 B\u1ea3ng 12: Tinh h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1n, c\u00f4ng th\u1ed5 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1ec9m 19481 Khu v\u1ef1c C\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1n C\u00f4ng th\u1ed5 T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 so v\u1edbi (ha) (ha) (ha) s\u1ed1 ru\u1ed9ng <%) B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ed9 235.000 27.524 262.524 Trung B\u1ed9 195.000 28.596 223.596 21 Nam B\u1ed9 60.860 23.559 84.419 25 5 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00e2m h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2-1948, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cho B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i giao cho \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, hoa l\u1ee3i s\u1ebd thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng kh\u1ed1; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t gian th\u00ec ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh t\u1ecbch thu v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 th\u00ec ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n giao cho c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd gi\u00fap h\u1ecd v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t y\u00ean t\u00e2m2. Ng\u00e0y 1-7-1949, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 75\/SL quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbch thu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, du k\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u0129nh canh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ee9c t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 0,5 h\u00e9c ta\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u1edd Nam B\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 1 h\u00e9c ta\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi. 1. Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Yves Gras, s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea theo ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m... T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn. Trang t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 1333. 2. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2-1948. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 Al\/Q004b H001. 460","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. Ng\u00e0y 14-7-1949, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh b\u00e3i b\u1ecf m\u1ee9c t\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0 25% (c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m), x\u00f3a b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecba t\u00f4 ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n, l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 \u1edf c\u1ea5p tinh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 \u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i t\u1eeb Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu III, IV, V v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o. Ket qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 sau: B\u1ea3ng 13: Tinh h\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu (\u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1949)' T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 S\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1n T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 s\u00e9 t\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 Li\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ru\u1ed9ng \u0111ir\u1ef1c (%) khu ch\u1ee7 gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi) gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 (ngir\u00f2i) gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi) (ng\u01b0\u1eddi) (m\u1eabu) III 2.802 115.418 80 32.634 90 IV (1) 5.258 3.647 14.972 14.000 V(2) 3.262 22.699 V(3) 2.937 24.066 (1) Chi ri\u00eang Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh. (2) T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1949. (3) Chi ri\u00eang Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh. T\u1ea1i Nam B\u1ed9, c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ngh\u00e8o (\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 cha, m\u1eb9, v\u1ee3, con chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 d\u01b0\u1edbi 16 tu\u1ed5i) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t 30 gi\u1ea1 l\u00faa\/n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba t\u00f4 v\u00e0 n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1949, 1. S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea theo ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m... T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u00f9 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 1333. 461","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 t\u1eeb Li\u00ean khu IV tr\u1edf ra \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n h\u01a1n 113.000 h\u00e9c ta ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00f9ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, \u1edd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o hi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3n. T\u1ea1i c \u1ea7 n Th\u01a1, \u1ee9ong s\u1ed1 357 \u0111i\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edd h\u1eefu h\u01a1n 80.786 m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 4 \u0111i\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 hi\u1ebfn 185,5 m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng; S\u00f3c Tr\u0103ng, \u1ee9ong s\u1ed1 461 \u0111i\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu h\u01a1n 104.244 m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 2 \u0111i\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 hi\u1ebfn 140 m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng. Th\u00e1ng 5-1950, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ban h\u00e0nh s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u0129nh canh, nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f2i ru\u1ed9ng v\u00f4 c\u1edb. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a N\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u0103m 1950 c\u00f3 170.000 ch\u1ee7 ru\u1ed9ng cho thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ea5t, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 12.000 ch\u1ee7 ru\u1ed9ng, Trung B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 68.000 ch\u1ee7 ru\u1ed9ng, Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 90.000 ch\u1ee7 ru\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ban h\u00e0nh s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3m t\u1ee9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7 cho vay ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng n\u1ee3 l\u00e3i \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n: m\u1ee9c l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 18%\/n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vay ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 20%\/n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00f3i vay th\u00f3c. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e3n ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a n\u1ee3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Trong n\u0103m 1950, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn m\u1ea1nh \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v \u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4, mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3m trung b\u00ecnh 20%, mi\u1ec1n Trung Nam B\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m 25%, mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 n\u01a1i gi\u1ea3m 30%. C\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu kh\u00e1c ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 trong to\u00e0n Li\u00ean khu, nh\u01b0ng trong v\u1ee5 m\u00f9a 1950 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u tinh nh\u01b0 B\u1eafc Ninh, B\u1eafc Giang... \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 trung b\u00ecnh 25%. T\u1ea1i Li\u00ean khu V, c\u00f3 5.521 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4, s\u1ed1 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 l\u00e0 23.952 m\u1eabu (trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 Ph\u00fa Y \u00ean)1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7, ph\u00fa n\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. H\u1ecd t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 t\u00f4 t\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m. v \u1ec1 t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, trong n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng kh\u00edch l\u1ec7. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 qua b\u1ea3ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea sau \u0111\u00e2y: 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 Li\u00ean khu V v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chung c\u00f9a Li\u00ean khu n\u0103m 1950. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 tu\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 184. 462","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. B\u1ea3ng 14: T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu n\u0103m \u1ec89501 T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 S\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n S\u1ed1 ru\u1ed9ng S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n Li\u00ean khu \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trung b\u00ecnh (\u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n) (\u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n) (ha) t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (ng\u01b0\u1eddi) T\u1ed1i \u0111a (s\u00e0o) Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc 126 58 12.861 43.345 1,4 m\u1eabu 3 III 38(1) 18 1.772 3.100 8 s\u00e0o 5 IV (2) - 15 4.400 - 7 s\u00e0o 2 V -- 813,8 3.577 2 s\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9 - - 38.715,8 - 5 m\u1eabu (1) Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 17.891 h\u00e9c ta c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec1u, 830 h\u00e9c ta c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t gian. (2) 1 m\u1eabu Trung B\u1ed9 = 4.997m2. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tuy ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u01b0a th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ngo\u00e0i m \u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. Nh\u00ecn chung, n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1948-1950 tuy c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quan t\u00e2m gi\u00fap \u0111\u00f5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng, v\u1ed1n, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh khai hoang ph\u1ee5c h\u00f3a, t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 t\u00f3c, ban h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, tin t\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u00e1ng 5-1950. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 1333. 463","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 2. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p - ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nhau r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf trong v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4 s\u01a1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p, t\u1ef1 t\u00fac. 2.1. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng L\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Sau cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n r\u1eebng n\u00fai (cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1947), ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0169 kh\u00ed trong r\u1eebng s\u00e2u, hang n\u00fai v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1948, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. Ng\u00e0y 2-9-1948, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u0169 kh\u00ed, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1949, Ph\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c Ty Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Khu VII, VIII, IX. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi do B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng chi \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0169 kh\u00ed d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n do \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 chi \u0111\u1ea1o. Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u00f3 8 x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, g\u1ed3m 5 x\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c tinh v\u00e0 3 x\u01b0\u1edfng cho khu. Th\u00e1ng 5-1949, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp 464","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1949, ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng binh x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. S\u1edf Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Li\u00ean khu I c\u00f2n 5 x\u01b0\u1edfng, 8 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 6 k\u00edp l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng. S\u1edd Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Li\u00ean khu X c\u00f2n 9 x\u01b0\u1edfng, 6 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 5 k\u00edp l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 4-11-1949, Li\u00ean khu I v\u00e0 Li\u00ean khu X s\u00e1t nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc th\u00ec c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed do C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. S\u1edf Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Li\u00ean khu III c\u00f3 30 x\u01b0\u1edfng, 11 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1edf Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Li\u00ean khu IV c\u00f3 17 x\u01b0\u1edfng, 4 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 4 k\u00edp l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng. S\u1edf Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Li\u00ean khu V c\u00f3 17 x\u01b0\u1edfng, 3 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 4 x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n. Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 58 x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 30 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t, ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0: chuy\u1ec3n s\u1eeda c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y xe l\u1eeba, \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t l\u1ef1c, d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y quay tay, \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n, m\u00e1y phay, m\u00e1y khoan, m\u00e1y b\u00e0o thu nh\u1eb7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111em t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn khu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1948, ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n l.OOOkm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray, t\u00e0 v\u1eb9t, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n 100 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y xe l\u1eeda, h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn v\u00e0nh. b\u00e1nh, tr\u1ee5c xe l\u1eeda, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c t\u00e0u l\u0103n \u0111u\u00f2mg, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m xe c\u0169 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ee3 l\u1eb7n m\u00f2 v\u1edbt h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u1. Li\u00ean khu V, c\u00f4ng ty Nam Th\u1eafng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1eb7n, m\u00f2 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1n, s\u1eaft th\u00e9p, b\u0103ng ca tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt b\u1ecb M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eafm ven bi\u1ec3n mi\u1ec1n Trung (t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1945). T\u1ea1i Li\u00ean khu IV, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i, Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p (1945-1954), Nxb. Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, H\u00e0 N\u1ed8I, 199o\\\"\u1eef. 108. 465","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0110e c\u00f3 th\u00eam nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1948, nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang t\u1eeb thu\u1ed1c \u0111en, di\u00eam ti\u00eau ch\u1ebf t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n d\u01a1i, clorat kali, tuyminat b\u1ea1c, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c a x\u00edt sun\u00eduric b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, n\u1ea5u gang b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2 cao c\u1edf nh\u1ecf. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949, C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t a x\u00edt t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e1 G\u00e2n (Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean) v\u00e0 Th\u1ecd Xu\u00e2n (Thanh H\u00f3a). \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ngo\u00e0i s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u do Nha m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp mua, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u1ee7 h\u00e3ng c\u0169ng mua gi\u00fap kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n cao su ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 ta s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed Nam B\u1ed9 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c mua h\u00e0ng, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1eeb H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, Th\u00e1i Lan, ch\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n g\u1eafn m\u00e1y. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 cung, t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p, t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh t\u00edch t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1949, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 130 x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 29.000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, 21 c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 1.200 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, 20 x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e2n nhu v\u1edbi hom 1.700 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng binh x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Chi t\u00ednh ri\u00eang t\u1eeb Li\u00ean khu IV tr\u1edd ra, nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y n\u0103m 1946 b\u1eb1ng 100, th\u00ec n\u0103m 1948 l\u00e0 1.044, n\u0103m 1949 l\u00e0 3.544, n\u0103m 1950 l\u00e0 2.111. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng binh x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f2n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1c x\u1ebbng, dao, k\u00e9o v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c 466","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1ed9 binh, c\u00f4ng binh, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c. C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n nhu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 nhu\u1ed9m v\u1ea3i, d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e2n trang, qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c men, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 y d\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n y \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0110\u00f4ng - T\u00e2y y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ec7nh binh. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f4ng h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u0103ng c\u1ee9u th\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh, b\u1ec7nh binh. 2.2. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng \u0110i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f2n quan t\u00e2m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u00e2n sinh nh\u01b0: khai kho\u00e1ng, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, d\u1ec7t, di\u00eam, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00eda, ch\u00e8, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1... Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ecf \u1edf v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn khu (do Ph\u00e1p khai th\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y) nay \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edd l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c m\u1ecf than Ph\u1ea5n M\u1ec5, Minh Khai, \u0110\u1ea7m \u0110\u00f9n, Khe B\u1ed1 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n m\u1ecf \u0111\u00e0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c gia. Trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1948, 1949, 1950, Nha kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c 5 m\u1ecf than sau: M\u1ecf than T\u00e2n Thanh (Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean - Li\u00ean khu I) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1948 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i v\u00e0o khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1949, trung b\u00ecnh khai th\u00e1c m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng t\u1eeb 400 \u0111\u1ebfn 500 t\u1ea5n than. M\u1ecf than Minh Khai (Tuy\u00ean Quang - Li\u00ean khu X) b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 2-1949, trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 50 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 t\u1ea5n than. M\u1ecf than Quy\u1ebft Th\u1eafng (Ninh B\u00ecnh - Li\u00ean khu III) ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1948. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12-1948 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1, m\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng khai th\u00e1c; \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 1-1949 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khai th\u00e1c, trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng khai th\u00e1c 400 t\u1ea5n than c\u00e1m v\u00e0 25 t\u1ea5n than c\u1ed1c. M\u1ecf than Khe B\u1ed1 (Ngh\u1ec7 An - Li\u00ean khu IV) ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1948, trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 350-400 t\u1ea5n than. M\u1ecf than \u0110\u1ed3i Hoa (H\u00e0 Nam - Li\u00ean khu III) do c\u00f4ng ty Nam H\u01b0ng 467","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 khai th\u00e1c, trung b\u00ecnh chi khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng 230 t\u1ea5n. M\u1ecf than b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Thu - \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1948 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 2-1949 m\u1edbi khai th\u00e1c \u1eef\u1edf l\u1ea1i1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ecf kim kh\u00ed c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c nh\u01b0: M\u1ecf thi\u1ebfc T\u0129nh T\u00fac (Cao B\u1eb1ng) n\u0103m 1950 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. M\u1ecf ch\u00ec \u1edf B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1950. M\u1ecf \u0103ng ti moan T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1946-1950 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 800kg. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf cr\u00f4m \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a, m\u1ecf v\u00e0ng \u1edf B\u1ed3ng Mi\u00eau (Qu\u1ea3ng Nam) nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. N\u0103m 1949, Li\u00ean khu IV ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fac gang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gang x\u00e1m (fonte grise). \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2 \u0111\u00fac gang \u1edf Nh\u01b0 Xu\u00e2n (Thanh H\u00f3a), S\u1edf K\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fac th\u1eed gang tr\u1eafng, n\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9, \u0103ng ti moan, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t. Ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu. C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u chi l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, sau d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i, c\u00e1n b\u00f4ng, m\u00e1y \u0111an \u00e1o, m\u00e1y in quay tay, m\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n, m\u00e1y b\u00e0o nh\u1ecf, m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n quay tay, m\u00e1y xay g\u1ea1o, m \u00e1y x\u00e1t s\u1eafn, ch\u1eef in, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u1ecf 1 xi lanh. Ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c in ti\u1ec1n do B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o l\u00e0 \\\"\u0111\u1ee9a con \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng c\u00f9a ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\", \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 kh\u00ed nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t to n g nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u hi\u1ebfm r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea3i mua b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i a x\u00edt, thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5, di\u00eam ti\u00eau do c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf a x\u00edt sunphur\u00edc, 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u00e9 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Li\u00ean khu III n\u0103m 1949. Tning t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1726. 468","Ch\u01b0cmg V\u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. a x\u00edt ph\u1ed1tphor\u00edc, a x\u00edt clohy\u0111r\u00edc, clorua de patanatum \u1edf Li\u00ean khu III, clor\u00e1t de potasdicun \u1edd Li\u00ean khu IV; x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf c\u1ed3n 90\u00b0, \u00ea te \u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t \u1edd B\u1eafc Giang, Ngh\u1ec7 An. Nh\u00ecn chung, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh. 2.3. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0: Ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y, d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, di\u00eam, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eefa, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m, l\u00e0m g\u1ea1ch ng\u00f3i, \u0111\u1ed3 da \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n B\u1eafc B\u1ed9; nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e2u nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m, \u01b0\u01a1m t\u01a1 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, ri\u00eang trong n\u0103m 1948 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 16 tri\u1ec7u m\u00e9t v\u1ea3i kh\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Li\u00ean khu V \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 t\u00fac g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ec7t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, d\u1ec7t l\u1ee5a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1 cao. Nh\u1eefng x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ec7t l\u1edbn c\u00f3 t\u1edbi v\u00e0i tr\u0103m c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu may qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i; x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 50 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0i kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ec7t do c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn khung c\u1eedi gia \u0111\u00ecnh. S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu t\u00e0ng d\u1ea7n, h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u m\u00e9t v\u1ea3i. N\u0103m 1948, Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 696.600 m\u00e9t v\u1ea3i, 923.625 vu\u00f4ng l\u1ee5a; Li\u00ean khu IV s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7.296.000 m\u00e9t v\u1ea3i kh\u1ed5 70cm, n\u0103m 1949 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 11.696.000 m\u00e9t v\u1ea3i1. Li\u00ean khu V trong n\u0103m 1948 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 220 t\u1ea5n s\u1ee3i, 200 t\u1ea5n v\u1ea3i; n\u0103m 1949 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 350 t\u1ea5n s\u1ee3i, 323 t\u1ea5n v\u00e0i; n\u0103m 1950 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 550 t\u1ea5n s\u1ee3i, 490 t\u1ea5n v\u1ea3i2, s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1. T\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f9a \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Li\u00ean khu r v n\u0103m 1949. Trung t\u00e2m i\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1737. 2. Vi\u1ec7n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, Kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 184. 469","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 t\u1eadp trung t\u0103ng r\u1ea5t nhanh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV, n\u0103m 1948 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 47 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, v\u1edbi 147 khung c\u1eedi kh\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng, 30.000 khung c\u1eebi kh\u1ed5 h\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1949 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 56 c\u01a1 s\u1edd, v\u1edbi 398 khung c\u1eedi kh\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng, 50.000 khung c\u1eedi kh\u1ed5 h\u1eb9p. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1950, ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 qu\u00e2n trang cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi 2 m\u00e9t v\u1ea3i\/n\u0103m; ri\u00eang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n 4 tinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean (g\u1ed3m 2.400.000 d\u00e2n) \u0111\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi 2,6 m\u00e9t v\u1ea3i\/n\u0103m. Ngo\u00e0i d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, c\u00f2n d\u1ec7t c\u1ea3 the, l\u1ee5a, \u0111\u0169i c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Long Ch\u00e2u Ti\u1ec1n, Long Ch\u00e2u H\u1eadu, B\u1ebfn Tre, Tr\u00e0 Vinh, R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edd d\u1ec7t n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1948, v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u00fac v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7c, kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i d\u1ea5y l\u00ean phong \u1ee9\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng d\u00e2u nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m, tr\u1ed3ng b\u00f4ng, n\u00ean ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. C\u1ea3 Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 1.792 nh\u00e0 nu\u00f4i t\u1eb1m, t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf c\u00e1c tinh B\u1ebfn Tre, Tr\u00e0 Vinh, R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1, B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau, c\u1ea7n Th\u01a1. N\u0103m 1948, Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 4.832 khung d\u1ec7t, n\u0103m 1949 c\u00f3 5.192 khung d\u1ec7t, trong \u0111\u00f3: B\u1ebfn Tre c\u00f3 1.500 khung d\u1ec7t, Tr\u00e0 Vinh c\u00f3 795 khung d\u1ec7t, R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 143 khung d\u1ec7t, B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau c\u00f3 660 khung d\u1ec7t; Sa \u0110\u00e9c c\u00f3 87 khung d\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c tinh kh\u00e1c s\u1ed1 khung d\u1ec7t c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. S\u1edf Canh n\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f2n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nhu\u1ed9m v\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 l\u00e1 c\u00e2y, v\u1ecf c\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u00f9n \u0111en, nh\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft v\u00e0 khan hi\u1ebfm. Nh\u00ecn chung, ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ngh\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y Trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, n\u00ean ngh\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0: nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Th\u1ee5, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y Vi\u1ec7t Nam, x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Th\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y d\u00f3 r\u1ea5t dai d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 in tem v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh in ti\u1ec1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c 470","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, \u0110\u00e1p c\u1ea7u , Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ed7i Li\u00ean khu c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecdc sinh, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. N\u0103m 1948, \u1edd Li\u00ean khu I c\u00f3 12 x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 10 x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng giang, tre, n\u1ee9a, c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec1n b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y. Li\u00ean khu X c\u00f3 48 x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 146 t\u00e0u xeo gi\u1ea5y. Li\u00ean khu V c\u00f3 26 x\u01b0\u1edfng. N\u0103m 1949, \u1edf Li\u00ean khu I c\u00f3 35 x\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 796 t\u1ea1 gi\u1ea5y; Li\u00ean khu X c\u00f3 79 x\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 7.160 t\u1ea1 gi\u1ea5y; Li\u00ean khu III c\u00f3 193 x\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 4.260 t\u1ea1 gi\u1ea5y; Li\u00ean khu IV c\u00f3 61 x\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 2.437 t\u1ea1 gi\u1ea5y; Li\u00ean khu V c\u00f3 51 x\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1.220 t\u1ea1 gi\u1ea5y; Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 165 x\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1.200 t\u1ea1 gi\u1ea5y1. N\u0103m 1950, ngh\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y s\u00fat k\u00e9m d\u1ea7n, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua bi\u1ec3u sau \u0111\u00e2y: B\u1ea3ng 15: s\u1ed1 lir\u1ecdmg s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu qua c\u00e1c n\u0103m2 \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: t\u1ea5n S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t C\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu 1948 1949 1950 Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eb3c 600 797 415 Li\u00ean khu III 426 446 Li\u00ean khu IV 272 243 T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 872 1.466 861 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1950. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u00f9 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1915. 2. Ngu\u1ed3n: Ke ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u00e9 v\u00e9 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 1950-1952. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1944. 471","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Nh\u00ecn chung, c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y d\u00f9ng 70% nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u khai th\u00e1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u1eeb giang, tre, n\u1ee9a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea5y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947-1949 l\u00e0 2.436 t\u1ea5n. Chi t\u00ednh ri\u00eang \u1edd B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Trung B\u1ed9, n\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y n\u0103m 1948 l\u00e0 100% th\u00ec n\u0103m 1949 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 1.168%*. B\u01b0\u1edbc sang n\u0103m 1950, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda v\u00ec s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea5y v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i Li\u00ean khu III \u00edt \u0111i, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m chi ti\u00eau. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u1edf Li\u00ean khu III do t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, giao th\u00f4ng b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, do \u0111\u1ecf s\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 gi\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh. N\u0103m 1948, \u1edd Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1949 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.110 t\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\/n\u0103m. N\u0103m 1948, Li\u00ean khu III s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.320 t\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u0103m 1949 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2.780 t\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 2 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1948. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean khu III l\u00e0m ra kh\u00f3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadp ngo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1950, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean khu III \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Li\u00ean khu IV, n\u0103m 1948 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng sang n\u0103m 1949 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t 60 t\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\/n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ea7u nam 1950, m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 300 t\u1ea5n. Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 233 l\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra \u0111\u1ee7 cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m g\u1ed1m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y do nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u0103ng l\u00ean, n\u00ean ngh\u1ec1 g\u1ed1m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi. Chi ri\u00eang Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.250.000 b\u00e1t, \u0111\u0129a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu 1. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam... T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1689. 472","Ch\u01b0cmg VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed3i, ni\u00eau, chum, v\u1ea1i, b\u00e1t, \u0111\u0129a ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m khuy trai, chi to cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i may v\u00e1 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, tuy nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u1ed5i v\u1edbi khuy trai, ch\u1ec9 ngo\u1ea1i v\u1eeba t\u1ed1t, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1eb9p, l\u1ea1i r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t, gi\u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, g\u1ed1m c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, l\u00e0m mu\u1ed1i, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm, \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng th\u1ee7y tinh, n\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0: cho vay v\u1ed1n, c\u1eeb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng. Ri\u00eang Li\u00ean khu III v\u00e0 Li\u00ean khu IV, n\u0103m 1948 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1t 43.355 t\u1ea5n. N\u0103m 1949, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 g\u1eaft gao, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i v\u1eabn t\u0103ng l\u00ean 58.119 t\u1ea5n1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tinh \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 (B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau, Tr\u00e0 Vinh, Long Ch\u00e2u H\u1eadu, B\u1ebfn Tre) trong n\u0103m 1950, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2.754 m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng mu\u1ed1i, m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb3m, l\u00f2 n\u1ea5u d\u1ea7u d\u1eeba, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng... C\u00e1c l\u00f2 r\u00e8n \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n n\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang huy\u1ec7n B\u00ecnh Xuy\u00ean, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 80 t\u1ea5n gang \u0111\u1ed5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 100.000 l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u00e0y2. Ngh\u1ec1 thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ed5n m\u1ea1nh \u1edd Li\u00ean khu I v\u00e0 Li\u00ean khu X, ri\u00eang Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 35 c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 250.000 bao. Ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 cung c\u1ea5p \u1eef\u00ean 90% nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do. Ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV, trong n\u0103m 1948 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8.960.000 l\u00edt, trong \u0111\u00f3 Thanh H\u00f3a l\u00e0m 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2ml\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1915. 2. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p 1945-1954, T\u1eadp I, S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 489-490. 473","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 3.000.000 l\u00edt, Ngh\u1ec7 An l\u00e0m 3.340.000 l\u00edt, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh l\u00e0m 1.500.000 l\u00edt, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh l\u00e0m 120.000 l\u00edt1. Nh\u00ecn chung, trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1948-1950, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ph\u1ea3i mua \u1eefong v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng nay \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 tan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m m\u01b0u phong t\u1ecfa kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng n\u1ed9i h\u00f3a, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xa xi ph\u1ea9m tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch th\u00edch n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u1eebong v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e2ng cao d\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chi nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho d\u00e2n sinh c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. 3. C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i - b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n 3.1. G\u00f9w th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i Ng\u00e0y 29-2-1948, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 410\/SL th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp C\u1ee5c Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp Nha Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf2 v\u1edbi C\u01a1 quan Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n mu\u1ed1i. Sau khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, C\u1ee5c Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c 2 chi nh\u00e1nh \u1edf Li\u00ean khu I v\u00e0 Li\u00ean khu X, d\u01b0\u1edbi chi nh\u00e1nh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi c\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c tinh c\u0169ng l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng chi c\u1ee5c do C\u1ee5c Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi \u0111\u1ea1o. N\u0103m 1948, c\u00e1c tinh Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, H\u00e0 Giang, Ngh\u1ec7 An \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Chi c\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. N\u0103m 1949, \u1edd c\u00e1c tinh Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Ph\u00fac Y\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1950, c\u00e1c tinh Cao B\u1eb1ng, B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n, Tuy\u00ean Quang, Scm La, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 1. T\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f9a \u1ee7y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Li\u00ean khu IV trong n\u0103m 1949. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1737. 2. Nha Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4-1946 v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 thu mua th\u00f3c, g\u1ea1o, mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. 474","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c chi c\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh k\u00eanh r\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u, vi\u1ec7c giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p phong t\u1ecfa g\u1eaft gao, n\u00ean ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tham gia ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f5 trang ph\u1ea3i y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1949, \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ban ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tinh B\u1ebfn Tre, Tr\u00e0 Vinh, G\u00f2 C\u00f4ng... t\u00f9y theo nhu c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ghe b\u1ea7u (ghe bu\u1ed3m) 20 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o cho c\u00e1c tinh mi\u1ec1n Nam Trung B\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 Nam B\u1ed9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o. Tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf thu\u1ed1c men, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c k\u00fd ninh (s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t) cho c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh c\u1ef1c Nam Trung B\u1ed9 c\u00e1c tinh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, trung chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u00fap Ban ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c tinh Nam Trung B\u1ed9 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ea1o t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y l\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9. Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ea1o t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y l\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng ghe ch\u00e0i 100-200 t\u1ea5n qua \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p M \u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeb \u0110 \u1ed5ng Th\u00e1p M \u01b0\u1eddi 1\u1ec2I1 m i\u00e8n \u0110 \u00f4ng \u0111i qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - N\u00f4ng P\u00eanh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng \u0111o\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf1. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a qua C\u1ee5c Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1948 \u1eeb\u1edf \u0111i, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u; ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc 34.511 t\u1ea5n, Li\u00ean khu III \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8.027 t\u1ea5n, Li\u00ean khu IV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 12.655 t\u1ea5n. T\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu l\u00e0 55.253 t\u1ea5n g\u1ea1o, 918 t\u1ea5n mu\u1ed1i2. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1948, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 1. Nam B\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecfng T\u1ebb qu\u1ed1c \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 sau, (H\u1ed3i k\u00fd kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p), Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1999, ti. 460. 2. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p trong 9 n\u0103m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 2 n\u0103m h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. Ph\u00f2ng L\u01b0u tr\u1eef B\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, ph\u00f4ng B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 19. 475","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian sau \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chi s\u1eeda v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4 s\u01a1 \u0111i l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 thu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua b\u1ea3ng sau: B\u1ea3ng 16: S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m c\u1ea7u trong n\u0103m 19481 Tinh \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m Ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n (km) (m) (\u0111\u1ed3ng) B\u1eafc Giang 90 278 130.000 B\u1eafc Ninh 130 515 148.000 Ph\u00fac Y\u00ean 135 665 138.000 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean 400 2.158 475.000 B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n 612 843 682.000 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n 150 351 150.000 Cao B\u1eb1ng 20 244 150.000 H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh 13 - 10.000 S\u01a1n T\u00e2y 4,3 - 40.000 H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng 6,5 - 70.000 H\u00e0 Nam 61 - 60.000 Ninh B\u00ecnh 71 30 50.000 Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh 138 - 70.000 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh 68 - 90.000 H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean 15 - 40.000 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb 19-8-1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 19-5-1949 v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1949. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed5 2220. 476","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng 9 - 60.000 Ki\u1ebfn An 7 - 10.000 V\u0129nh Y\u00ean 150 300 93.000 Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd 200 600 156.000 Y\u00ean B\u00e1i 155 700 99.000 Tuy\u00ean Quang 400 1.800 253.000 H\u00e0 Giang 370 600 208.000 Thanh H\u00f3a 513 - 539.000 Ngh\u1ec7 An 479 - 547.000 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh 203 - 615.120 Qu\u1ea3ng Binh 403 - 616.830 T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 5.006 8.304 6.600.960 N\u0103m 1949, trong 30 tinh \u1edd mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 4.000km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, b\u1eafc l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn m\u00e9t c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111i h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i c\u00e1t, t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u00ean ch\u1edd h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng binh x\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00fai v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111i l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n b\u00e8. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ed9n v\u1eadn t\u00e0i l\u00fac n\u00e0y ch\u00f9 y\u00e9u v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ed9n th\u00f4 s\u01a1. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c xe \u0111\u1ea1p. H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111a s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed3ng g\u00e1nh, ng\u1ef1a th\u1ed3, xe tr\u00e2u, xe b\u00f2, xe ng\u1ef1a. N\u0103m 1948, xe ba g\u00e1c ra \u0111\u1eddi, gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf r\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1950, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft. B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u00eam nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nhu c\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u0103ng Ninh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m \u0110\u1eb7c ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 chi \u0111\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c, 477","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi giao th\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 chi th\u1ecb cho Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda g\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01b0\u1edbng ra bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1950, \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t cho chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Cao - B\u1eafc - L\u1ea1ng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 3, li\u00ean tinh l\u1ed9 13 v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n - B\u1eafc Giang (qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 1) v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Giang - Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11-1950, v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn g\u1ed3m 1,046km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa d\u00e0nh cho \u00f4 t\u00f4, 173km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho xe b\u00f2 v\u00e0 xe th\u00f4 s\u01a1, 266.607m3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1eafp, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 160.000 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, 1.200.000 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng...1. \u1ede Li\u00ean khu III v\u00e0 Li\u00ean khu IV, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n Mai - Nho Quan d\u00e0i 76km, H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh - Xu\u00e2n Mai d\u00e0i 54km, H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh - Nho Quan d\u00e0i 96km, Ria - Chi N\u00ea d\u00e0i 29km, Nho Quan - Ch\u1ee3 Gh\u1ec1nh d\u00e0i 50km, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 285km \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. Li\u00ean khu rv, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 104.200 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 1, qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 7, qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 8, Li\u00ean tinh l\u1ed9 2, t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 425km d\u00e0nh cho xe \u00f4 t\u00f4. \u1ede Li\u00ean khu V, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch nh\u1ea5t trong n\u0103m 1950. C\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb Ti\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc - Ng\u1ecdc T\u00fa (Qu\u1ea3ng Nam), t\u1eeb B\u1ed3ng S\u01a1n - \u0110\u1eadp \u0110\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa cho \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111i l\u1ea1i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169 l\u00ean T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. Song song v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u00eam nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1eeda 1. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 1950. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u00f9 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 2221. 478","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 m\u1edd th\u00eam nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.958km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (th\u01b0\u1eddng chi r\u1ed9ng 0m80), \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1eafp 11.520m3 \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i 1.900m c\u1ea7u (ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u t\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng tre) (Li\u00ean khu III), s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 28.750 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa 1.176km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1eafp 25.203 m2 \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u1eafc 964m c\u00e0u (Li\u00ean khu IV), \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0ng v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \\\"m\u1eadt l\u1ed9\\\" trong B\u00ecnh - Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean. T\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u00e0 1.193km, \u0111\u1eafp 68.81 Om3 \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u1eafc 1.013m c\u1ea7u, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 165.210 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng. Li\u00ean khu V c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho xe b\u00f2, xe \u0111\u1ea1p (th\u00f4 s\u01a1), \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edd v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du \u0110\u1eafk L\u1eafk, Kon Tum \u0111\u1ec1u do \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa1. Nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft m\u1edbi \u1edd nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. T\u1ea1i Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, ta \u0111\u00e3 thu l\u01b0\u1ee3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 87km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray, 94.857 thanh t\u00e0 v\u1eb9t \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng cho 112km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 l\u1edbn \u0111inh \u1ed1c, l\u1eadp l\u00e0, b\u00f9 loong, ph\u00e1t quang 121.000 m\u00e9t c\u1ecf, \u0111\u1eb7t 30km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 99.982 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 30.647 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafc 191 m\u00e9t c\u1ea7u, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1.575 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed1c, x\u1ebbng, dao, thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y, 16 xe t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 21 xe con2. \u1ede Li\u00ean khu IV, \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft t\u1eeb Chi N\u00ea - \u0110\u00f2 V\u00e0ng d\u00e0i 53km \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn go\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ra v\u00e0o. Trong 2 th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1950, \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf l\u00ean 350 t\u1ea5n\/th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c 3 chuy\u1ebfn go\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ra v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 khai th\u00e1c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u0103m 1950 thu 3.108.395 \u0111\u1ed3ng, chi 3.154.591 \u0111\u1ed3ng. 1. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eab d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 2221. 2. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ve t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u00f9 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 2221. 479","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u1ede Li\u00ean khu V, duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 288km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe l\u1eeda v\u00e0 go\u00f2ng m\u00e1y t\u1eeb An T\u00e2n - B\u1ed3ng S\u01a1n d\u00e0i 127km, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe l\u1eeda \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb B\u1ed3ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00e2n S\u01a1n d\u00e0i 94km, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng go\u00f2ng m\u00e1y t\u1eeb C\u1ea7u R\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn Ch\u1ee3 X\u00f4m d\u00e0i 97km. Kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn t\u1ea7u ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i tuy\u1ebfn c\u00f3 3 chuy\u1ebfn xe l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c go\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ra v\u00e0 v\u00e0o. Trong 6 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf 445.686 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch, 15.027 t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 45.111.954 \u0111\u1ed3ng21. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean ch\u1edd l\u00ean 50% b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng th\u00eam 2 chuy\u1ebfn xe l\u1eeda m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u00eam 11 chuy\u1ebfn go\u00f2ng m\u00e1y. Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00eanh r\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n nan, thuy\u1ec1n g\u1ed3, c\u00f3 khi l\u00e0 ca n\u00f4, b\u00e8 m\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0u ch\u1ea1y s\u00f4ng. Do s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 \u00e1c li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111i v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y \u1edf Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebfn t\u1eeb C\u1ea9m B\u1ea3o qua Th\u00e1c Hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Ch\u1ee3 M\u1edbi, D\u01b0\u1ee3c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 t\u1ea5n, ho\u1eb7c b\u00e8 m\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 t\u1ea1; tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Giang t\u1eeb N\u01b0\u1edbc Mai qua th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Cao B\u1eb1ng - Ph\u1ee5c H\u00f2a - Th\u1ee7y Kh\u1ea9u (bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t - Trung) r\u1ed3i \u0111i Long Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn Nam Ninh b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea3i t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 t\u1ea5n, trong \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00f2n t\u1eeb Th\u1ee7y Kh\u1ea9u \u0111i Nam Ninh b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n; tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng L\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi nh\u00e1nh s\u00f4ng Ch\u1ea3y, s\u00f4ng G\u00e2m; tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng L\u00f4 \u0111i t\u1eeb H\u00e0 Giang \u0111\u1ebfn Tuy\u00ean Quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thuy\u1ec1n tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea3i t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 t\u1ea5n, t\u1eeb Tuy\u00ean Quang \u0111i Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thuy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 t\u1ea5n; tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng G\u00e2m t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea7m H\u1ed3ng - Chi\u00eam H\u00f3a - Tuy\u00ean Quang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thuy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 s\u00e0 lan 16 t\u1ea5n; tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng Ch\u00e0y t\u1eeb \u0110oan H\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn L\u1ee5c An Ch\u00e2u; tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb L\u00e0o Cai - Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, t\u1eeb Y\u00ean B\u00e1i qua Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd v\u1ec1 Trung H\u00e0; tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng K\u1ef3 C\u00f9ng t\u1eeb Th\u1ea5t Kh\u00ea - L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n - L\u1ed9c B\u00ecnh. Do tinh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1, n\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y \u1edf Li\u00ean khu III 1. Chi\u1ec9\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 2221. 480","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1m \u0111\u00ecnh chi khai th\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng can\u00f4 m\u00e0 chi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thuy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thuy\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng M\u00e3, s\u00f4ng Chu, s\u00f4ng Gianh c\u00f3 900 chi\u1ebfc, tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng C\u1ea3 t\u1eeb B\u1ebfn Th\u1ee7y - \u0110\u00f4 L\u01b0\u01a1ng - D\u00f9a, t\u1eeb D\u00f9a - C\u1eeda R\u00e0o v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng V\u00e2n H\u00e0 t\u1eeb Vinh \u0111i Thanh H\u00f3a c\u00f3 3.164 chi\u1ebfc; tuy\u1ebfn k\u00eanh Nam Bao - Ng\u00e2n S\u01a1n, tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng La qua \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd, Ch\u1ee3 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 1.637 chi\u1ebfc, tuy\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0110\u00f2 V\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 S\u01a1n c\u00f3 199 chi\u1ebfc. Tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn k\u00eanh n\u1ed1i Thanh H\u00f3a - Ngh\u1ec7 An, v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f4ng \u0111i qua v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t n\u00ean lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb b\u1ed3i n\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t 18.300m3\u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1t \u1edf l\u00f2ng k\u00eanh (trong \u0111\u00f3, Thanh H\u00f3a n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t 8.500m3, Ngh\u1ec7 An n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t 9.800m3), \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ec1n b\u00e8 c\u00f3 th\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qua l\u1ea1i. \u1ede Li\u00ean khu V, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch tu\u1ea7n ti\u1ec5u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 Ph\u00fa - La Hai (Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean), An T\u00e2n - Tam K\u1ef3 (Qu\u1ea3ng Nam), An T\u00e2n - Ch\u1ee3 D\u01b0\u1ee3c, T\u00e2n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc - T\u00e2n An, T\u00e2n An - B\u00ecnh Y\u00ean - Trang Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, Kha Ho - An \u0110i\u1ec1m. Ri\u00eang Nam B\u1ed9, do \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh k\u00eanh r\u1ea1ch ch\u1eb1ng ch\u1ecbt, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c k\u00eanh r\u1ea1ch gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n tam b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng \u1eeb\u0103m chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edf g\u1ea1o, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nhau. Th\u00e1ng 4-1948, Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c to\u00e0n Nam B\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t l\u00f2ng k\u00eanh v\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e0o th\u00eam c\u00e1c con k\u00eanh, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn giao th\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c con k\u00eanh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"k\u00eanh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\". Ng\u00e0nh giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u00f2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"k\u00eanh li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t\\\". \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y Nam B\u1ed9 v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Nam B\u1ed9, v\u1edbi Khu b\u1ed9 khu VIII, X\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Khu VIII, \u0110\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh Nam B\u1ed9... 481","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch phong t\u1ecfa g\u1eaft gao, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n thu\u1ed1c men, g\u1ea1o, cao su t\u1eeb Nam B\u1ed9 ra Li\u00ean khu V v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c Nam Trung B\u1ed9; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1edf v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947-1948, Ph\u00f2ng H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f3 \u1eeb\u1ecdng t\u1ea3i 10 t\u1ea5n ch\u1ea1y tuy\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9 - Th\u00e1i Lan. N\u0103m 1949, Ph\u00f2ng H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Nam B\u1ed9 mua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i Lan c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea3i 100 t\u1ea5n, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00e0u S\u00f4ng L\u00f4. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1. T\u00e0u n\u00e0y ch\u1ea1y tuy\u1ebfn Th\u00e1i Lan - Singapore ng\u1ee5y trang l\u00e0 t\u00e0u bu\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1edf v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c, thu\u1ed1c men, m\u00e1y in t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i Lan v\u1ec1 C\u00e0 Mau cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1949, t\u00e0u S\u00f4ng L\u00f4 b\u1ecb t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p bao v\u00e2y \u1edf V\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ta bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u. Ngo\u00e0i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c S\u1edf, ng\u00e0nh, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t to l\u1edbn. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i th\u00f4 s\u01a1 nh\u01b0 xe b\u00f2, xe ng\u1ef1a, xe ba g\u00e1c, xe \u0111\u1ea1p th\u1ed3, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thuy\u1ec1n b\u00e8 l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf, ca n\u00f4 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111i l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. 3.2. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1948, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp Ban ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Minh v\u00e0o Ban giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c khu, tinh c\u0169ng b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb huy\u1ec7n \u1ee7y vi\u00ean tr\u1edd l\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u00e1c Ban giao th\u00f4ng, nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c Ban n\u00e0y. Song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c Nha B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, B\u1eafc ph\u1ea7n Trung B\u1ed9, mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e3i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 1. \u0110\u1eb7ng Phong, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ec1... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 318. 482","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ng\u00e0y 17-2-1948, c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n I, III, IV, V thu\u1ed9c B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp (theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 59-N\u0110\/KL) \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 13-11-1949 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Li\u00ean khu III, IV, V (theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 52-N\u0110\/H) c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c Ty B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5n chinh l\u1ea1i. Th\u00e1ng 5-1948, B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t Ban giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c Trung \u01b0cmg v\u1edbi B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Nha B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u0103m 1948, m\u1edbi ch\u00ec h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu, tinh. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1950, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0, tr\u1ea1m d\u1ecdc tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0 t\u1eeb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ecfa \u0111i c\u00e1c khu c\u1ee7a Ban giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t. C\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 b\u01b0u ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, ng\u00e2n v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 v\u00f9ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c in v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh tem th\u01b0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed g\u1eedi b\u01b0u ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c khu b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1eef Latinh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i thay cho d\u1ea5u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: s l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u s\u1eafc, F l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u huy\u1ec1n, X l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u ng\u00e3...)- Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f9a Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 trong ng\u00e0nh B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ta, ng\u00e0y 27-5-1949, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 giao th\u00f4ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdp. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1 ra ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c chia B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn: Ban th\u01b0 t\u00edn v\u00e0 Ban h\u1ecfa t\u1ed1c. \u1ede Nha B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ban h\u1ecfa t\u1ed1c Trung \u01b0cmg B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu c\u0169ng l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Ban giao th\u00f4ng h\u1ecfa t\u1ed1c. B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tinh c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng giao th\u00f4ng h\u1ecfa t\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0 483","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 h\u1ecfa t\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu, tinh, huy\u1ec7n, x\u00e3 v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1eeb B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 qua Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn c\u00f4ng v\u0103n, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng, mi\u1ec1n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u00e1ng 6-1950, Ty B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf An to\u00e0n khu v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c tinh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Tr\u1ea1m b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t thay th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecfa t\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eafc l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u xuy\u00ean qua r\u1eebng. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12-1946 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1949 l\u00e0 8.100km, \u1eebong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 6.965km \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c, c\u00f2n 1.156km ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ph\u1ea3i tu b\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i. Trong n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam 470km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y. Ng\u00e0nh ng\u00e2n v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1948 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng do t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh 2.982 thu phi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 3.164.044 \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00ed thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 40.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng. S\u1ed1 tem th\u01b0 b\u00e1n trong Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 698.610 \u0111\u1ed3ng, trong Li\u00ean khu III thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 114.060 \u0111\u1ed3ng, trong Li\u00ean khu IV thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 245.550 \u0111\u1ed3ng1. Ri\u00eang Ty B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ATK \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n 1.133.720 \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u1eadn 612.765 \u0111\u1ed3ng, chuy\u1ec3n qua 1.038.449 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n chuy\u1ec3n 430kg t\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed3m thu\u1ed1c t\u00e2y, v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a... g\u1eedi \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb2. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 cho ng\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m ch\u00fa \u00fd. Ng\u00e0y 1-2-1949, tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 19-8- 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 19-5-1949 v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1949. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 2220. 2. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u00e1ng 12-1950 c\u1ee7a Ty B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ATK. Nha B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n - V\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n, Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 32. 484","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp theo s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 2\/SL \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, h\u1ecfa xa, b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n, kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh do B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. Ngo\u00e0i ra, B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh c\u00f2n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c khoa h\u1eefu tuy\u1ebfn, v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u01b0u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 trung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u00e0nh B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nha B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ty B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ed5 t\u00f3c v\u0103n h\u00f3a, s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c giao th\u00f4ng vi\u00ean. C\u00e1c Khu B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng m\u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 ng\u1eafn ng\u00e0y v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed chuy\u00ean c\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n tuy\u1ebfn chuy\u00ean c\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u00ecn chung th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u00edch t\u1ed1t. 4. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1948, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ra v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0ng, \u00e1n ng\u1eef c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch, bao v\u00e2y phong t\u1ecfa quan h\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 giao d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ta v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Do \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 tan \u00e2m m\u01b0u th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng giao l\u01b0u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c trong v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. 4.1. N\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1948, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c tinh, nhi\u1ec1u tuy\u1ebfn giao th\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t, c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee3 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m mua b\u00e1n t\u1eadp trung th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb m\u00e1y bay oanh t\u1ea1c, b\u1eafn ph\u00e1o l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i b\u1ecb t\u00ea li\u1ec7t. 485","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u201cc\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, chung v\u1ed1n l\u1eadp H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 mua b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung cho vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u201d 1. N\u0103m 1948, phong tr\u00e0o th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 mua b\u00e1n lan nhanh kh\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u201cv \u1ec1 n\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, thi h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ch\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ch\u1ee3, l\u1eadp c\u00e1c H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean\u201d2, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf mu\u1ed1i, g\u1ea1o cho Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u1ea5y. Nh\u1eb1m th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cho thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 do n\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf v\u1ed1n kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh giao l\u01b0u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tinh, c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f2n thi h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 m\u1edd mang c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eb1m khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, l\u00e2m th\u1ed5 s\u1ea3n; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u00f2i v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. \u1ede v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee3 th\u00f4n qu\u00ea \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng, tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \u1ee9i\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i c\u1ea3 mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i, mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai v\u00e0 xung quanh c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng to c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee3, ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0i l\u00e0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee3. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom (n\u0103m 1950, 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam; V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 9: 1948, Nxb. Chinh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2001, \u1eeb. 48. 2. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam; V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e1ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 10: 1948, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2001, tr. 161. 486","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. Ph\u00e1p n\u00e9m bom xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee3 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng thu\u1ed9c B\u1eafc Giang) ho\u1eb7c b\u1eafn ph\u00e1o nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1 s\u1ea7m u\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u1ea1o, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n gay g\u1eaft v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00f3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1, h\u00f3a gi\u00e1, b\u1eaft k\u00ea khai th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o. s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 85\/SL ng\u00e0y 25- 2-1949 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1, h\u00f3a gi\u00e1; hay Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh Li\u00ean b\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf - T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0y 16-6-1949 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 3 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c 1 t\u1ea5n g\u1ea1o tr\u1edf l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i k\u00ea khai. \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 30-8-1949, Li\u00ean b\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf - T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u1ea1i ra Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ea1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 5 t\u1ea1 th\u00f3c hay 3 t\u1ea1 g\u1ea1o tr\u1edf l\u00ean ph\u1ea3i k\u00ea khai nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ea5n chinh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng g\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eaft v\u00e0 khan hi\u1ebfm. Khi \\\"t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu g\u1ea1o, mu\u1ed1i, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t nguy ng\u1eadp, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Khu I, Khu II... b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta c\u00f3 khi ph\u1ea3i \u0103n ch\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 \u0111em thi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n\\\"1, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y uy t\u00edn ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o b\u00e1n g\u1ea1o khao qu\u00e2n. Kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee9ng l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ri\u00eang Li\u00ean khu III \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 5.000 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c. N h \u1edd v\u1eady, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khan hi\u1ebfm l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1950, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng thu thu\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1n th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 qu\u1ef9 c\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u00f3c. M\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p lOkg th\u00f3c qu\u1ef9 c\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cho thu tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thu\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1n th\u1ed5, t\u1ea1m vay m\u1ed7i m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng 9kg th\u00f3c hay 15 l\u00edt \u1edd Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, 18kg hay 30 l\u00edt \u1edf Li\u00ean khu III, 27kg \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng thu thu\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1n th\u1ed5, qu\u1ef9 c\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea1m vay \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ph\u00e0n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p cho t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng th\u1eeba, c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng thi\u1ebfu th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Trong v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9 th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o th\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 10, n\u0103m 1949, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2001, tr. 265. 487","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f3c. Ng\u00e0y 1-9-1950, B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf ra Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed5 27- BKT\/TT quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \\\"Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f3c, g\u1ea1o, ng\u00f4, khoai t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n gi\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n khai t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 c\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng Ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u\\\"1. Do t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khan hi\u1ebfm h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a g\u00e2y t\u00e2m l\u00fd t\u00edch tr\u1eef h\u00e0ng, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 gi\u00e1, gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u0103ng nhanh, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m cho n\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00eam \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7. C\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i k\u00e9m s\u1ea7m u\u1ea5t v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng, hay b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1949. C\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00fat ng\u1eafn l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Mu\u1ed1i, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm, b\u00f4ng v\u1ea3i \u1edd Li\u00ean khu III, Li\u00ean khu IV v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Ch\u00e8, gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 l\u00e2m, th\u1ed5 s\u1ea3n \u1edd Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. S\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa Li\u00ean khu III v\u00e0 Li\u00ean khu IV c\u00f2n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n hom. N\u0103m 1949 chi c\u00f3 270 t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o v\u00e0 100 t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng ra; 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1950 c\u00f3 17 t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o v\u00e0 17 t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng ra2. S\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa Li\u00ean khu III v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn nh\u01b0ng trong Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, C\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.285 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c v\u00e0 199 t\u1ea5n g\u1ea1o, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 80% nhu c\u1ea7u. v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng nhanh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. Gi\u00e1 g\u1ea1o t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t, gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n theo gi\u00e1 g\u1ea1o. Gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n. Gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec9 trong v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng, hom n\u1eefa nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u00edt ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00ec b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m. 1. Vi\u1ec7n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, Kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn..., S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 238. 2. Chu\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 1950. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia in, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1914. 488","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. Gi\u00e1 g\u1ea1o trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1950 so v\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1949 c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, Li\u00ean khu IV (Thanh H\u00f3a) gi\u00e1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 154%; Li\u00ean khu III (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng - H\u00e0 Nam) gi\u00e1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 153%; Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc (Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean) gi\u00e1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 800%. Gi\u00e1 g\u1ea1o \u1edf Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean t\u1eeb 1.625 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1 l\u00ean 13.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1 (t\u0103ng 800%); \u1edd Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd t\u1eeb 2.650 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1 l\u00ean 7.500 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1 (t\u0103ng 283%). M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, do vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, n\u00ean gi\u00e1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu r\u1ea5t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhau. Gi\u00e1 g\u1ea1o th\u00e1ng 3-1950 \u1edf c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu nh\u01b0 sau: Li\u00ean khu IV (Ngh\u1ec7 An) l\u00e0 3.500 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1; Li\u00ean khu III (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng) l\u00e0 2.500 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1; Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc (Y\u00ean B\u00e1i) l\u00e0 6.500 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1. Gi\u00e1 mu\u1ed1i c\u0169ng t\u0103ng nhanh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 sau khi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p nh\u1ea3y d\u00f9 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng Ph\u00e1t Di\u1ec7m (15-10-1949). Gi\u00e1 mu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 4-1950 \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV (H\u00e0 T\u0129nh) l\u00e0 2,45 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, \u1edf Li\u00ean khu III (H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean) l\u00e0 14 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, \u1edd Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc (V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac: 64 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, L\u00e0o Cai: 72 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean: 120 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg). Gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1950 c\u00f3 n\u01a1i t\u0103ng 200%. Gi\u00e1 th\u1ecbt l\u1ee3n trong th\u00e1ng 4-1950 \u1edf Licn khu III: Il\u00e0 D\u00f4ng: 170 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean: 260 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg; \u1edf Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc: B\u1eafc Ninh: 240 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac: 195 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg. Gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm. Gi\u00e1 10 vu\u00f4ng v\u00e0i ta kh\u1ed5 h\u1eb9p \u1edf Li\u00ean khu III: H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00e1ng 1-1950 l\u00e0 71 \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00e1ng 2-1950 l\u00e0 72 \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00e1ng 3-1950 l\u00e0 88 \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00e1ng 4-1950 l\u00e0 87 \u0111\u1ed3ng; \u1edf Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc: V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac: th\u00e1ng 1-1950 l\u00e0 146 \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00e1ng 2-1950 l\u00e0 132 \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00e1ng 3-1950 l\u00e0 160 \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00e1ng 4-1950 l\u00e0 195 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ngay trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t Li\u00ean khu gi\u00e1 c\u0169ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhau. Gi\u00e1 g\u1ea1o th\u00e1ng 5-1950 \u1edd Li\u00ean khu IV: Ngh\u1ec7 An l\u00e0 3.500 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1, \u1edd Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 7.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1, \u1edd Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc: H\u00e0 Giang l\u00e0 2.800 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1, \u1edf Y\u00ean B\u00e1i l\u00e0 6.500 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/t\u1ea1. Gi\u00e1 mu\u1ed1i \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV: H\u00e0 T\u0129nh c\u00f3 2,45 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, nh\u01b0ng \u1edd Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean t\u1edbi 70 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, \u1edf Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc: Qu\u1ea3ng Y\u00ean l\u00e0 46 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, \u1edf Cao B\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 489","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 205 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg1. S\u1edf d\u0129 gi\u00e1 mu\u1ed1i \u1edf Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc t\u0103ng nh\u1eb9 (30%) v\u00ec qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1n duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ta \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 20.000 t\u1ea5n mu\u1ed1i t\u1eeb kho V\u00e2n L\u00fd (Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh) l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u00e0 T\u00e2y B\u1eafc. Nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng gi\u00e1, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0: v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc sinh, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t hoang tr\u1ed3ng th\u00eam ng\u00f4, khoai, s\u1eafn, rau m\u00e0u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u00f4 h\u00e0o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, \u0103n \u0111\u1ed9n ng\u00f4, khoai, s\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea5u r\u01b0\u1ee3u, thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201ck\u00ea khai th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o\u201d ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00edch tr\u1eef. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c k\u00ea khai th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o n\u0103m 1950 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 1949. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u1edd Li\u00ean khu III c\u00f2n t\u1ea1m ho\u00e3n thi h\u00e0nh \\\"k\u00ea khai th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o\\\" do t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, ng\u00e0y 25-2-1949 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ban h\u00e0nh s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 8\/SL quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"C\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a do Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh\\\"2. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111em h\u00e0ng ra b\u00e1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee3 v\u1eafng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua b\u00e1n, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u1edf n\u00ean khan hi\u1ebfm. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 17-3-1949, Li\u00ean B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5 - Kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ra Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e3i b\u1ecf s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh h\u00f3a gi\u00e1, cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ef1 do bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n trong n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. N\u0103m 1950, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt. B\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian sau \u0111\u00f3. 1. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong n\u0103m 1950. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia m 14, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 14. 2. \u0110\u1eb7ng Phong, L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-2000, t\u1eadp 1, Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ecdi, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2002, tr. 358. 490","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. Thu - \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1950, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e0i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t - Trung. Do \u0111\u00f3, nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u0103ng l\u00ean, nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh. Ng\u00e0y 17-11-1950, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 168\/SL th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp S\u1edf N\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf thay cho C\u1ee5c Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. 4.2. Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng Khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eb1m c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1eaft m\u1ecdi lu\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau tu\u1ef3 theo di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Trung B\u1ed9; ta c\u0169ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf. Ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i Li\u00ean khu III, ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng bao v\u00e2y quanh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng, ph\u00f2ng tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e1y gi\u00e1p v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do Nam Trung B\u1ed9 thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 t\u00f3c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3. H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a trong v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m mang ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m mang v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. C\u00f2n \u1edd Nam B\u1ed9, do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ra v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa nhu c\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n cao n\u00ean ta kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u1eabn l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa hai v\u00f9ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ch\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng bao v\u00e2y, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 sau, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u1eefa n\u00ean ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bao v\u00e2y c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trao \u0111\u1ed5i bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p 491","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u00e2n sinh. \u0110\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, ng\u00e0y 16- 3-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 29\/SL th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ee5c trong B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf. C\u1ee5c c\u00f3 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf, B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Chi nh\u00e1nh Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u1edbi Chi c\u1ee5c Cao B\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 Chi c\u1ee5c L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n; Chi nh\u00e1nh Li\u00ean khu III v\u1edbi Chi c\u1ee5c Di\u00eam \u0110i\u1ec1n; Chi nh\u00e1nh Li\u00ean khu IV v\u1edbi Chi c\u1ee5c L\u1ea1ch Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, Chi c\u1ee5c Thanh H\u00f3a, Chi c\u1ee5c Ngh\u1ec7 An. Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1eeda kh\u1ea9u nh\u01b0: Cao B\u1eb1ng, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, L\u00e0o Cai, H\u00e0 Giang, Di\u00eam \u0110i\u1ec1n, Qu\u1ea5t L\u00e2m, Thanh H\u1ecfa. Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ee5c gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u1ed1c gia trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p phong t\u1ecfa tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 thanh to\u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Th\u00e1i Lan, H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng...) \u0111\u1ec3 mua nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u00e2n sinh nh\u01b0: thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5, k\u00edp m\u00ecn, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, v\u1ea3i s\u1ee3i, thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh... \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t - Trung, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf Chi c\u1ee5c Cao B\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, lu\u1ed3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i qua \u0111\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ta v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u1ed5 nh\u00f3m bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu, tung h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xa x\u1ec9 ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lu\u1ed3ng giao l\u01b0u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u0111o\u00e0n bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n l\u00e9n l\u00fat gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00e2y r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho 492","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng an v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf quan trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. H\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a th\u1ea9m l\u1eadu v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u00ec b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ea5m t\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng mang ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do n\u00ean ta kh\u00f4ng mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1948, c\u00e1c Chi c\u1ee5c ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng Cao B\u1eb1ng, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, H\u00e0 Giang, L\u00e0o Cai, Di\u00eam \u0110i\u1ec1n, Qu\u1ea5t L\u00e2m, Thanh H\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ecnh chi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bao v\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft lu\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch l\u00fac n\u00e0y ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra n\u1eefa. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng, l\u00e2m th\u1ed5 s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i khai th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, do kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 h\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng, l\u00e2m th\u1ed5 s\u1ea3n l\u00e0m ra b\u1ecb \u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t gi\u00e1. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0: g\u1ea1o, g\u00e0, v\u1ecbt \u1edf mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 qu\u1ebf, d\u1ea7u d\u1eeba \u1edd Li\u00ean khu V, g\u1ed7, sa nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed3i \u1edd Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t ra nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n n\u00f4ng, l\u00e2m th\u1ed5 s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 mua v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u00e2n sinh. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u00e0y 14-4-1948 Li\u00ean b\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf - T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ra Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 101 BKT-BTC quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng: \\\"M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edd c\u00e1c n\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng sang v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m chi, tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111em th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u01a1i \u0111ang b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m chi, tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u00e1n ra kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1i cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia\\\"1. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, Li\u00ean B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf - T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ra Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 102 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i giao th\u00f4ng, nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng gi\u00e1p ranh v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do 1. Bi\u00ean ni\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990. B\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Du l\u1ecbch, 1-1992, tr. 17. 493","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c chi nh\u00e1nh ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng Li\u00ean khu, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c Chi s\u1edf m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i quan \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh doanh xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, mua h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n kinh doanh v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y c\u00f2n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: - Mang h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t do c\u00f4ng an hay thu\u1ebf quan c\u1ea5p; - Mang h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf quan; - Chi c\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f2ng ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u, \u0110\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 l\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n thu gi\u1eef h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, \u1edd B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Trung B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng Ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u \u1edd B\u1eafc Ninh, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac, H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, Thanh H\u00f3a, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean. C\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng Ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng mua nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh) cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan nh\u01b0: v\u1ea3i, s\u1ee3i, thu\u1ed1c t\u00e2y, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea9m. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0y khi mang ra ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n cho Ph\u00f2ng Ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u theo gi\u00e1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p b\u00e1n ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng theo gi\u00e1 t\u1ef1 do. Nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t do c\u00f4ng an ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ebf quan c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a mang theo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb kh\u00e1m x\u00e9t, l\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ecbch thu. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 hom, trong Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed1 9 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf ng\u00e0y 27-4- 1948 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa hai v\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p mang ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do g\u1ed3m: v\u1ea3i, s\u1ee3i, len, da thu\u1ed9c, xe \u0111\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng, d\u00e9p cao su, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eb7t, b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i, \u0111\u00e8n pin, kim ch\u1ec9, k\u00ednh, thu\u1ed1c b\u1eafc, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0o. C\u00e1c \u1ec9o\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng c\u1ea5m mang ra l\u00e0: b\u1ed9t m\u1ef3, ca cao, b\u01a1, pho m\u00e1t, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a, \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p mang v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng 494","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. l\u00e0: ch\u00e8, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, m\u1eafm t\u00f4m, tr\u1ea7u cau, n\u1ea5m, l\u00e1 g\u1ed3i, tre lu\u1ed3ng, c\u1ee7 n\u00e2u, r\u1ed5 r\u00e1, \u00e1o t\u01a1i, n\u00f3n, gu\u1ed1c g\u1ed7, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0o, qu\u1ebf, c\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, h\u1ed3i, tr\u1ea9u, s\u01a1n, sa nh\u00e2n, x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00f2, thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n1. Song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ban h\u00e0nh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0: c\u1ea5m b\u00e1n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, phong t\u1ecfa v\u00e0 bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng xa xi ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i. Ng\u00e0y 20-8-1948, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 208\/SL \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: \\\"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\"; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 221\/SL s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 54\/SL (ng\u00e0y 10-6-1947) v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. Vi\u1ec7c thu thu\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a ta tuy \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u1eebong \u0111\u1ea5u tranh kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ta \u1edd khu v\u1ef1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f2n k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 222\/SL c\u1ea5m chi bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 223\/SL s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u 2 c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 53\/SL (ng\u00e0y 1-6-1947) v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hom v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Theo \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 12-10-1948, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Ban bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp theo s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 241\/SL2. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Ban g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: \u0110\u1eb7c ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u1eb7c ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng t\u1ed1i cao, ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 h\u1eefu quan. Ban c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 \u0111i l\u1ea1i, trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. 1. Bi\u00ean ni\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i thucmg... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1eeb. 19. 2. S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 241\/SL ng\u00e0y 12-10-1948. C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u0103m 1949, s\u1ed1 1. 495","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u1ede m\u1ed7i t\u00ecnh c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ban bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf c\u00e1c Ty c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tinh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: - C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng; - C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng trong v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng hay d\u1ecdc theo ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa hai v\u00f9ng; - C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i tu\u1ea7n giang tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m x\u00e9t v\u00e0 b\u1eaft c\u00e1c thuy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu; - Tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n \u1edd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng; - C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra (t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb) c\u1ee7a Ty \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m x\u00e9t, b\u1eaft gi\u1eef l\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecbch thu h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1o nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f4ng an vi\u00ean c\u00f2n b\u1eaft gi\u1eef h\u00e0ng n\u1ed9i h\u00f3a hay th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m (trong danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ea5m) nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1eef v\u1eefng gi\u00e1 sinh ho\u1ea1t trong v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do. Vi\u1ec7c bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c xe c\u1ed9, kho t\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee3 trong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch, ch\u1eb7n b\u1eaft c\u00e1c thuy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu. \u0110\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch b\u1eaft h\u00e0ng l\u1eadu, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: Tr\u00edch 50% tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng l\u1eadu b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1edfng 25% cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u00e1o, 24% cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1eaft, 1% cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n1. H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho Ph\u00f2ng Ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u hay Ty Kinh t\u1ebf c\u00e1c tinh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng xa xi ph\u1ea9m s\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng 1. Bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch Li\u00ean khu IV ng\u00e0y 25-12-1948. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 2029. 496","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i th\u00ec chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t m\u1ea1i sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00f2a \u00e1n x\u00e9t x\u1eed, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng qu\u1ef9. Trong n\u0103m 1948, ri\u00eang Li\u00ean khu III \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft gi\u1eef 3.000 v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p, thu gi\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 5.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng; n\u0103m 1949 b\u1eaft gi\u1eef 18.000 v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p, thu gi\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 7.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng1. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bao v\u00e2y ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, n\u00ean h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do b\u1eeba b\u00e3i nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0i tr\u1eeb h\u00e0ng xa x\u1ec9 ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 quan. H\u00e0ng xa x\u1ec9 ph\u1ea9m b\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t \u00edt, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t cao v\u00ec th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m bu\u00f4n h\u00e0ng xa xi ph\u1ea9m. B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng xa xi ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng: B\u1ea3ng 17: Gi\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t s\u00e9 h\u00e0ng xa x\u1ec9 ph\u1ea9m n\u0103m 19482 Lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m Th\u00e1ng Th\u00e1ng 1948 6-1948 12-1948 Thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 Cotnb 1 bao (\u0111\u1ed3ng) (\u0111\u1ed3ng) (\u0111\u1ed3ng) Lu\u1ee3c M\u1ef9 1 chi\u1ebfc 25 25 50 70 65 84 Thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng Gibbs 1 h\u1ed9p 14 20 25-30 10 8 15 X\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u01a1m 1 b\u00e1nh 20 26 35 20 28 35 B\u1eadt l\u1eeda 1 c\u00e1i 75 105 170 B\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng 1 c\u00e1i B\u00fat m\u00e1y Wearever 1 c\u00e1i 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1950. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 tu\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1915. 2. T\u1eadp b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Ban Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng bao v\u00e2y kinh t\u00e9 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u0103m 1949. Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 2002. 497","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng ki\u1ec3m tra r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t th\u1ebb cho t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n mang h\u00e0ng xa xi ph\u1ea9m ra b\u00e1n \u1edf v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111em h\u00e0ng n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n \u0111em h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd, thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh, v\u1ea3i ka ki, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea9m, qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u00fang b\u1eaft gi\u1eef, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n b\u1eaft th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ecf t\u00f9. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda ta l\u1eabn ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa hai v\u00f9ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng qua m\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. N\u0103m 1949, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. Ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p, nhu c\u1ea7u trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ecfng t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Trong d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u00e0y 30-4-1949, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00eau nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5: \\\"... M\u1edf mang vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, gi\u00fap v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf; bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n n\u1ed9i h\u00f3a, tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ee3 \u0111en; gi\u1eef v\u1eefng gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \\\"1. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n qua c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ea9u gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng di\u1ec5n ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ea7m u\u1ea5t, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eadp trung bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0: \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb, Qu\u00e1n Vu\u00f4ng (Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean); H\u1ed3ng Ph\u00fa, Kim B\u1ea3ng (H\u00e0 Nam); Y\u00ean M\u00f4, Gi\u00e1n Kh\u1ea9u (Ninh B\u00ecnh); R\u1eebng Th\u00f4ng, c\u1ea7u B\u1ed1 (Thanh H\u00f3a); \u0110\u00f4 L\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea7 u Gi\u00e1t (Ngh\u1ec7 An)... L\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m. N\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y n\u0103m 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 5: 1947-1949, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 2002, tr. 591. 498","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.. 1947 l\u00e0 100% th\u00ec n\u0103m 1948 qua th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ea9u xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1t 82%, nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1t 27%; qua v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1t 18%, nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1t 73%. N\u0103m 1949, qua th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ea9u xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1t 90%, nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1t 10%; qua v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1t 85%, nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1t 10%'. Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u qua c\u00e1c n\u0103m: So s\u00e1nh tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1947,1948,19492 (t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3ng) 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 1947 1948 1949 1947 1948 1949 Xu\u1ea5t Nh\u1eadp N\u0103m 1947: Nh\u1eadp si\u00eau - 27.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u0103m 1948: Nh\u1eadp si\u00eau - 22.719.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u0103m 1949: Xu\u1ea5t si\u00eau + 10.313.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng. 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ec3 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf... T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1915. 2. Ngu\u1ed3n: B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf... T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, Trung t\u00e2m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng Ph\u1ee7 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 s\u1ed1 1915. 499"]
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