LỊCH SỬ VIỆT NAM _ ĐINH THỊ THU CÚC Chủ biên_ NXB KHOA HỌC XÃ HỘI _ Tập 10

["Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. \u0110\u1ecbch b\u1ecb giam ch\u00e2n trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eeda th\u00e1ng, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hao m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta tuy b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n, th\u1eed th\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Chi huy ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e1t sao, Khu \u1ee7y v\u00e0 Ban Chi huy Khu XI quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian giam ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Khu \u1ee7y v\u00e0 Ban Chi huy Khu XI, \u0110\u00e0ng \u1ee7y Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111om v\u1ecb t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng an xung phong trong Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1, ng\u00e0y 6-1-1947 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Li\u00ean khu I, l\u1ea5y Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 101 V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n l\u00e0m n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong Trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u00ed th\u01b0 Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 L\u00ea Trung To\u00e0n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y Trung \u0111o\u00e0n. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf c\u00e1c Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 II v\u00e0 III, c\u0169ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 52, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 48 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111ang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4. Ng\u00e0y 12-1-1947, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Li\u00ean khu I l\u00e0 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4. C\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian \u1ea5y, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i t\u1eb7ng Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 48 danh hi\u1ec7u Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u0103ng Long. Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 anh h\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng thcm s\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Li\u00ean khu I. Ng\u00e0y 13-1-1947, \u0110\u1ed9i Quy\u1ebft t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee3t chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1edbi. T\u1ea1i r\u1ea1p T\u1ed1 Nh\u01b0, c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 Quy\u1ebft t\u1eed s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u00e1c li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi l\u1eddi th\u1ec1: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta th\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft v\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4\\\", \\\"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n th\u00ec Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd m\u1ea5t\\\". Bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u1eb1ng th\u00e1ng \u1eebong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb hao m\u00f2n v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n, g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 ch\u1edd t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n. Ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n v\u00ec c\u00f2n h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Trang \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qua 201","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 l\u00e3nh s\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc (Trung Hoa, Anh, M\u1ef9). Hai b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u1eebng b\u1eafn t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15-1-19471\u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u00e1c li\u1ec7t. Nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y Li\u00ean khu I \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho tr\u00ean 10.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u1eebong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ecf \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00f9ng 3.500 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 c\u1ea3i trang l\u00e0m d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng ra theo. \u0110\u1ebb c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh gay go \u00e1c li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, ta d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edd l\u1ea1i Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 1.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u1edf l\u1ea1i. Gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 1-1947, sau khi \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5, c\u00f3 th\u00eam qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eadp trung c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 15-1-1947, \u0111\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edd nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng cung V\u0129nh Tuy, Ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 Trung Hi\u1ec1n, Ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 V\u1ecdng, B\u1ea1ch Mai, Ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 S\u1edf, c\u1ea7u Gi\u1ea5y - \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 23-1-1947, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u1eadt T\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng cung bao quanh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ta \u0111i xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh s\u00e2u ra ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 \u1edf Nam D\u01b0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ng\u00e0y 18-1), Gi\u00e1p B\u00e1t, Y\u00ean Duy\u00ean (ng\u00e0y 1-2), ph\u1ee7 l\u1ef5 Ho\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c, C\u1ed5 Nhu\u1ebf, Ch\u00e8m (ng\u00e0y 17-2). \u0110\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f4ng h\u01a1n ta t\u1eeb 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 8 l\u1ea7n, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ee9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ta tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng cung. C\u00e1c \u0111om v\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 II v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m, M\u00ea Linh; \u1edf Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 III v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a, \u0110\u1ea1i La, L\u00e3ng B\u1ea1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u h\u00e9t s\u1ee9c ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi r\u00fat lui ra ngo\u00e0i th\u00e0nh, ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng m\u0169i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, g\u00e2y cho ch\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0 \u1edf V\u0129nh Tuy, nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ecdng, c\u1ea7u Gi\u1ea5y, Nh\u1eadt T\u00e2n, Gi\u00e1p B\u00e1t, Nam D\u01b0 H\u1ea1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c \u0110\u1ecbch d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u1ed5i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta. 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Th\u00e0nh \u1ee7y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Nxb. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1989, tr. 245. 202","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. Chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0nh \u0111ai c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u00f4 v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng cung bao quanh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch quay v\u00e0o quy\u1ebft di\u1ec7t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta \u1edd Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed5 I. B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1edbi, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 quy\u1ebft t\u1eeb qu\u00e2n Th\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ng\u00e0y 27-1-1947, nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp Tet \u0110inh H\u1ee3i: \\\"... C\u00e1c em l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i quy\u1ebft t\u1eed, c\u00e1c em quy\u1ebft t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c quy\u1ebft sinh. C\u00e1c em l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u00e1i tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 t\u00f4n, t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i... Nay c\u00e1c em gan g\u00f3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e1i tinh th\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ec1 sau\\\"1. Khu \u1ee7y v\u00e0 Ban Ch\u00ec huy m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Khu XI \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng \u0111om v\u1ecb, t\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, t\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn l\u0169y, t\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o c\u1ed5 v\u0169 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Th\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean \u1eeb\u00ean m\u1ecdi hy sinh gian kh\u1ed5, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I v\u00e0 Ban Ch\u00ec huy Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Li\u00ean khu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i Tet c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 6-2-1947, v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn b\u1ed9 binh c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p, tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1o, m\u00e1y bay y\u1ec3m h\u1ed9, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng k\u00edch v\u00e0o Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea9y l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta ra ngo\u00e0i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, ch\u00fang t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Nam \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 X\u00f4va (Sauvagc), Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kc (Quai) t\u1eeb b\u1edd s\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o, chi\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I; t\u1eeb trong th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh ra c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng Thi\u1ebfc, H\u00e0ng N\u00f3n, H\u00e0ng B\u1ed3 t\u1eeb ph\u00eda B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Xu\u00e2n, H\u00e0ng Chi\u1ebfu, H\u00e0ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e2y r\u00e1p qu\u00e2n ta t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda. Ch\u00fang n\u00e9m bom \u00e1c li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o khu trung t\u00e2m g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0ng B\u1ea1c, H\u00e0ng M\u1eafm, M\u00e3 M\u00e2y, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang cho l\u00e0 ta \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u anh d\u0169ng ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 chi vi\u1ec7n h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 1. \\\"Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 quy\u1ebft t\u1eed Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ng\u00e0y 27-1-1947\\\", H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 5, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, tr. 35. 203","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0111inh cao c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh to\u00e0n d\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 l\u00e0 n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. C\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, thanh ni\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh b\u00ean nhau c\u00f9ng chung m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c. Trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n \\\"Quy\u1ebft t\u1eed cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c quy\u1ebft sinh\\\", \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1ebb g\u00e3y nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng 2-1947, c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u1edf Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ta qu\u00e1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p d\u1ea7n. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Xung quanh Li\u00ean khu I, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecbch d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u1edd Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17-2-1947, v\u00e0o 10 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng, Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch r\u00fat qu\u00e2n cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 chi huy ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 II v\u00e0 III ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch. Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 sau khi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, nghi binh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. 18 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 17-2-1947, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ed1 I, v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u00ea s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng qua g\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u Long Bi\u00ean, r\u1ed3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng qua Ph\u00fac Y\u00ean an to\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ebfn 9 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 18-2, \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111u\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch H\u1ed3ng H\u00e0 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh, k\u00ecm ch\u00e2n l\u1ea1i. C\u1ea3 Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch H\u1ed3ng H\u00e0 do Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n N\u1ea1i chi huy \u0111\u00e3 anh d\u0169ng hy sinh. Ng\u00e0y 18-2, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Ph\u00fac Y\u00ean. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn th\u01b0 khen c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ki\u00eam T\u1ed5ng chi huy V\u1ed1 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p. Trong th\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft: \\\"C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u hai th\u00e1ng r\u00f2ng r\u00e3 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 204","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau cao tinh th\u1ea7n oanh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 thanh danh r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u1ea1i m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chi th\u1ecb b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00fang ta s\u00ea chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u 10 n\u0103m hay l\u00e2u hom n\u1eefa n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea1ng m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t\\\"1. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c r\u00fat lui b\u00ed m\u1eadt th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng an to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u 60 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam \u1edd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u 60 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c tranh sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: \\\"Th\u00e0 hy sinh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7\\\". Trong 60 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy cao \u0111\u1ed9 tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh g\u1ea7n 200 tr\u1eadn, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u00ean 2.000 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec1u xe c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, b\u1eafn r\u01a1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y 5 m\u00e1y bay, 100 xe qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 22 xe t\u0103ng. 5 xe b\u1ecdc th\u00e9p, b\u1eafn ch\u00ecm 2 ca n\u00f4, thu nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n trang, qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 an to\u00e0n. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a 60 ng\u00e0y chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n \u1edf l\u1ea1i \\\"s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft v\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4\\\". Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c to l\u1ee1n: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh then ch\u1ed1t m\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u khi ta ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 1. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p 1945-1954, t\u1eadp I, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1994, \u1ee9. 214. 205","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi c\u01a1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. To\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c m\u1ecdi l\u00fac, m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 trong tay l\u00e0 n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a 60 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u giam ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn ban \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7u, m\u1ed9t h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ra xa Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4, d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tay sai. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e0ng nhanh c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Sau khi Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb h\u00e3m trong th\u1ebf bao v\u00e2y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1eaft v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, k\u00ecm ch\u00e2n c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch trong hom hai th\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea1m vi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. 2. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 Theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, nh\u00e2n d\u00e1n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. L\u1ec7nh ti\u00eau th\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 thi h\u00e0nh kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c doanh tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc t\u1eeb V\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 tr\u1edd ra \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, bao v\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nhau. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec1 n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u di\u1ec5n ra su\u1ed1t g\u1ea7n 100 ng\u00e0y (t\u1eeb 19- 12-1946 \u0111\u1ebfn 3-1947) v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho n\u00f3. Ngay khi 206","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u1ed5 ra, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i nh\u01b0 B\u1eafc Giang, Hu\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ecbch co v\u00e0o c\u1ed1 th\u00f9, \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed, v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0110\u00e0 Nang l\u00e0 h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung Trung B\u1ed9. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f3 6.500 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh 2 c\u1ee5m \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh c\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 s\u00e2n bay. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0110\u00e0 Nang di\u1ec5n ra \u1eebong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng so s\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch, song v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau hao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbch, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh chuy\u1ec3n sang kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam - \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m x\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc. \u1ede th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 93, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 96 c\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh, c\u00f4ng an xung phong, bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, so s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00e0 Nang r\u1ea5t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch. Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00fang 2 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 20-12, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecbch. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u di\u1ec5n ra quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, c\u00f4ng s\u1edd. T\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 d\u00f9ng bom ph\u00e1 s\u1eadp nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y 21, 22 th\u00e1ng 12, \u0111\u1ecbch d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1o t\u1eeb t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda s\u00e2n bay. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 93 \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o tham gia chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng, H\u00f2a Vang ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t \u1edd khu v\u1ef1c t\u1eeb Ch\u1ee3 M\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2n bay. Ng\u00e0y 30-12, Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 101, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 93 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn ra h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f2 Xu, di\u1ec7t h\u01a1n 50 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, c\u00f4ng an li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch b\u1ecdn \u0111i tu\u1ea7n, tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb b\u1ecdn Vi\u1ec7t gian \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ecf ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1c b\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 xe, \u0111\u1ed1t kho t\u00e0ng l\u00e0m n\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Ng\u00e0y 17-1, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb Nam \u00d4 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00ean \u0111\u00e8o H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 l\u00ean L\u0169ng L\u00f4, c\u1ed1 khai th\u00f4ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qua \u0111\u00e8o \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp v\u1eadn cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ecdn \u0111ang b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean v\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1nh trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hu\u1ebf. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ebf n\u00fai hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch 207","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft. Trong ba ng\u00e0y chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, ta ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t h\u01a1n 200 l\u00ednh \u00c2u Phi, bi\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed3 ch\u00f4n gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, b\u1eb1ng tinh th\u1ea7n d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh m\u01b0u tr\u00ed, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau hao nhi\u1ec1u sinh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbch, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho to\u00e0n tinh chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 96, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i Nam Trung B\u1ed9 t\u1eb7ng l\u00e1 c\u1edd \\\"Gi\u1eef v\u1eefng\\\". T\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta c\u00f3 3 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 2.000 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7. B\u1ed9 chi huy \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho Hu\u1ebf 1 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n, 1 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn khu. \u1ede th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Vinh c\u00f3 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Ti\u1ebfp ph\u00f2ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a tinh Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh v\u00e0 1 kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o 75 ly c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi chi huy ph\u00e1o th\u1ee7. v \u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ecbch, v\u1edbi 750 l\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c Trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba s\u1ed1 21, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p s\u1ed1 6 \u0111\u00e1nh 20 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf b\u1edd Nam s\u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t khu tam gi\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng An C\u1ef1u, m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 250 ki\u1ec1u d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed. B \u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy Ph\u00e1p \u00e2m m\u01b0u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9i \\\"ti\u1ebfp ph\u00f2ng\\\" chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1ee9\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu, t\u1eeb trong \u0111\u00e1nh ra k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1eeb L\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tinh Trung Trung B\u1ed9, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ta \u1edf Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean - Hu\u1ebf c\u00f3 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Tr\u1ea7n Cao V\u00e2n (t\u1ee9c Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 101 g\u1ed3m 3 Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n: 14, 17, 18), Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp ph\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a, Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp ph\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n Vinh, b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Thanh H\u00f3a, Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. T\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u to\u00e0n tinh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1 v\u1ea1n, ri\u00eang T\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u0169 kh\u00ed trang b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ta c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n. 2 gi\u1edd 30 ph\u00fat s\u00e1ng 20-12, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n d\u00f9ng bom ph\u00e1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e8n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1ee5t t\u1eaft. S\u00fang n\u1ed5 kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Hu\u1ebf n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. 208","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra mu\u1ed9n hom so v\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3. V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed Ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng khu v\u1ef1c C\u1ea7u Ga, c\u1ea7u Tr\u00e0ng Ti\u1ec1n, c\u1ea7u An C\u1ef1u. Li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u1eefong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y 21, 22 \u0111\u1ebfn 30-12, qu\u00e2n ta t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Morin, nh\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n... Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra trong v\u00f2ng 50 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam. Qu\u00e2n Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean - Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u00eau hao, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n 200 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch. Nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh anh d\u0169ng hy sinh trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o mi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00e0n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u00ean H\u1ef1u, nh\u00e0 t\u00ean m\u1eadt th\u00e1m Sogny... C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea3m t\u1eed b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00eda \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hu\u1ebf thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec1u h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf, t\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. T\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Vinh (t\u00ecnh Ngh\u1ec7 An), cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n ta bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. Ta thu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, qu\u00e2n trang, qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n thu\u1ed9c Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 57, Chi\u1ebfn khu IV v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh bao v\u00e2y, n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng trung \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i S\u1edf canh n\u00f4ng. Sau h\u01a1n 1 gi\u1edd ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ecbch r\u00fat l\u00ean t\u1ea7ng g\u00e1c c\u1ed1 th\u1ee7. Trong th\u1ebf c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a ta, \u0111\u1ebfn 1 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 20-12, c\u1ea3 trung \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. Ta b\u1eaft 34 t\u00f9 binh, thu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed. T\u1ea1i s\u00e2n bay Nghi L\u1ed9c, ta b\u1eaft t\u1ed5 l\u00e1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay Moran. Chi\u00e9n c\u00f4ng c\u00f9a qu\u00e3n d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Vinh da c\u1ed5 v\u0169 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hang h\u00e1i kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i - H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0o l\u00fac 20 gi\u1edd 40 ng\u00e0y 19-12-1946, Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 5 (Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 4) V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec7, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, c\u00f4ng an xung phong \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u Ph\u00fa L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Lai Vu, m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i c\u00f3 1 trung \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p g\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta. Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 44 thu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn khu III \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea7u Ph\u00fa L\u01b0\u01a1ng, 209","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 C\u1ea7u Lai Vu; ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5, \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eeb H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng l\u00ean H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Ng\u00e0y 20-12, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5 khai th\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n hai b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1 c\u1ea7u, d\u1ef1ng v\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, ch\u00f4n min, b\u00e1m \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch su\u1ed1t d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5 di\u1ec5n ra quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 44 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 du k\u00edch, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c ven \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i, ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch \u01b0\u00ean to\u00e0n tuy\u1ebfn bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng ch\u1ed1t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Ninh, B\u1eafc Giang: Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 1 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf nh\u00e0 C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Ph\u1ee7 L\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng, s\u00e2n bay H\u1ea1 V\u0129 v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o an binh (th\u00e0nh B\u1eafc Ninh). Trung \u0111o\u00e0n B\u1eafc - B\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn khu xn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y, 3 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 20, \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 s\u00fang. Chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ra \u00e1c li\u1ec7t \u1edd c\u1ea3 ba n\u01a1i. Ng\u00e0y 30, \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf B\u1eafc Giang, B\u1eafc Ninh, r\u00fat v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p coi l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 ba \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, sau H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 650 qu\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 2, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba s\u1ed1 6 (2\/6e RIC) \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n khu v\u1ef1c (tr\u1ea1i Ca\u1eebo, khu nh\u00e0 s\u0129 quan, khu m\u00e1y s\u1ee3i, khu m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t) v\u00e0 ba v\u1ecb tri l\u1ebb. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1eddng cao, nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t ki\u00ean c\u1ed1. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Sau 86 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam li\u00ean t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf, giam ch\u00e2n m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n 400 t\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 binh l\u00ednh \u00c2u Phi, b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng 6 t\u00ean, thu nhi\u1ec1u v\u0169 kh\u00ed, qu\u00e2n trang, qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 kh\u00e1c \u1edd B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u0111\u00e1nh nhanh, th\u1eafng nhanh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1ec9\u00e2u d\u00e0i. 210","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u1edbng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u00ean b\u1eafc v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta h\u00e3m \u0111\u1ecbch trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb (k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong v\u00f2ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 th\u00e1ng), ti\u00eau hao v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbch trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n so s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch m\u00e0 v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb1m chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sang kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 3. Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ecdrp chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn C\u00e1c tinh Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng h\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee9ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u1ed5 s\u00fang m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i, phong t\u1ecfa v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Trong kho\u1ea3ng 15 th\u00e1ng, t\u1eeb 23-9-1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 19-12-1946, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eeb th\u00e1ch, hy sinh, \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh ti\u00ean phong trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 gian kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. B\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u, b\u1eb1ng \u00fd ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B \u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb5 giam ch\u00e2n g\u1ea7n 4 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 7 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00fang tri\u1ec3n khai nhanh ch\u00f3ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ra c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c qu\u00fd b\u00e1u cho qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t cho to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1eeb khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng k\u00e9 th\u00f9 chung. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12-1946, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 hai l\u00e0n g\u1eedi th\u01b0, \u0111i\u1ec7n cho X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y l\u00e2m th\u00f2i Nam B\u1ed9 n\u00eau r\u1ed7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng g\u1ea5p r\u00fat chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \\\"Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a 211","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Nam B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho Ph\u00e1p \u0111em h\u1ebft t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 ra \u0111\u00e1nh Trung, B\u1eafc\\\"1. Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng chi th\u1ecb cho Nam B\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c sau: \\\"T\u00ecm c\u00e1ch uy hi\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00e1c kho t\u00e0ng qu\u00e2n nhu, thuy\u1ec1n b\u00e8 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch; k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang...; t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i xung phong c\u1ea3m t\u1eed, ti\u1ec5u tr\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t gian, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1eadn, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o theo \u0111\u1ea1o Cao \u0110\u00e0i, H\u00f2a H\u1ea3o, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa...\\\". Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1p L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Chi th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y l\u00e2m th\u1eddi Nam B\u1ed9 chi th\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c Khu: \\\"M\u1edd r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, m\u1edd m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i, phong t\u1ecfa, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1 cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9\\\"2 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11, 12-1946, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c di\u1ec5n ra kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n. T\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn - Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, h\u00f2a c\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c ban c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed9i trinh s\u00e1t v\u0169 trang, c\u00f4ng an xung phong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0o c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kho t\u00e0ng di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean tay sai \u00e1c \u00f4n, b\u1ed3i b\u00fat ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn - Gia \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Chi th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5 v\u0169 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00fd ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 8, 1945-1947, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 156. 2. Mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn (1945-1975), t\u1eadp I, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0N\u1ecdi, 1990, tr. 119\u0128 212","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 111. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean t\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long \u0111\u1ebfn Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a, Th\u1ee7 D\u1ea7u M\u1ed9t, cu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, ph\u00e1 c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, b\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea3n, ng\u0103n s\u00f4ng, n\u01a1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e0u, n\u01a1i th\u00ec b\u1eafn ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbch, b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129nh T\u1ed1ng c\u00f9a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn. Ng\u00e0y 20-12-1946, 15 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea3m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t n\u1ed5 s\u00fang, g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng vang l\u1edbn trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. T\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, ngay trong th\u00e1ng 1-1947, Ban c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng La Rosethe tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Mac Mahon, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecn s\u1eadp 1\/3 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0, gi\u1ebft 7 phi c\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1p. C\u0169ng trong th\u00e1ng 1-1947, c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 Li\u00ean t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u qu\u00e2n 2-4-6 \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp tr\u1ee5 s\u1edd \\\"M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n\\\" t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e3 S\u00e1u, b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft t\u00ean C\u00f2 Ng\u1ea1c, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn B\u00ecnh d\u00e2n Nam K\u1ef3, ta thu 1 s\u00fang v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y 16-2, ta \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y kho h\u00e0ng \u1edd c\u1ea3ng Nh\u00e0 R\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean 5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u00e0y 26-3-1947, anh V\u00f5 H\u1ed3ng T\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u00ean t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft t\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Hans Inpelt, \u1eed y vi\u00ean C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p \u1edf L\u00e0o m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. C\u0169ng trong th\u00e1ng 3-1947, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 tr\u1eeb gian c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft t\u00ean L\u00ea V\u0103n H\u1eadn v\u00e0 10 t\u00ean tay sai \u1edd Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn. Trong th\u00e1ng 4-1947, b\u1ecdn ng\u1ee5y t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed9i tr\u1ee3 \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn Tao \u0110\u00e0n, Khu b\u1ed9 Khu VII chi th\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 n\u00e0y. Trong hai ng\u00e0y 27 v\u00e0 28-2-1947, X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y l\u00e2m th\u00f2ri Nam B\u1ed9 h\u1ecdp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edd m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u201ct\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i, phong t\u1ecfa, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i\\\". D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y Nam K\u1ef3, kh\u1eafp Nam B\u1ed9 di\u1ec5n ra nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \\\"kinh t\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn\\\", \\\"giao th\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn\\\". Nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n cao su b\u1ecb ph\u00e1, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u0103m n\u00e1t. Chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u00edp nh\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111inh c\u00f4ng, b\u00e3i kh\u00f3a, b\u00e3i th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn, g\u00e2y cho gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t. 213","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111jch. Th\u00e1ng 3-1947, Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n v\u0169 trang t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 ra qu\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean d\u1ecdc t\u1ec9nh l\u1ed9 10 B\u00e0 Hom \u0111i \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t \u1edf b\u00eca c\u0103n c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e3 n\u0103m V\u0129nh L\u1ed9c, c\u1ea7u X\u00e1ng, \u1ea5p T\u00e2n H\u01b0ng (C\u1ee7 Chi). \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1eef\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 1 di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3n Su\u1ed1i C\u1ee5t, Ph\u00fa M\u1ef9 H \u01b0 n g ...1. Nh\u00ecn chung, su\u1ed1t trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1947, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch v\u00e0o S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn, Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, s\u00e2n bay T\u00e2n S\u01a1n Nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - M\u1ef9 Tho. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tinh Nam Trung B\u1ed9, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e2m m\u01b0u khi\u00eau kh\u00edch tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9, ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1946, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Nam Trung B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u g\u00e2y cho k\u1ebb th\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, l\u00e0m cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \\\"b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh\\\", \\\"\u0111\u00e1nh nhanh th\u1eafng nhanh\\\" c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Nam Trung B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. Ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 b\u00ed m\u1eadt chi\u1ebfm Rhh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, c\u01a1 quan, kho t\u00e0ng, c\u00f4ng b\u1ecb x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch uy hi\u1ebfp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ed9n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \\\"v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng\\\". C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3ng Nam \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 1 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1edbn, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1eadp. Ph\u00e0n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray xe l\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn khu. Th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 V\u0129nh \u0110i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb san b\u1eb1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u khu ph\u1ed1 \u1edf th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u1ed9i An, th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n V\u0129nh \u0110i\u1ec7n, Nam K\u1ef3 chi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1ng g\u1ea1ch v\u1ee5n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ed5 tr\u00ed l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n m\u1edbi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 sau l\u01b0ng. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y cho \u0111\u1ecbch nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00eam v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn - Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh (1945-1975), Nxb. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 1994, tr. 127-128. 214","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. T\u1ea1i Khu VI, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, B\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy khu c\u00f9ng tinh v\u00f9ng Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, Ninh Thu\u1eadn, B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh du k\u00edch khi \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tinh n\u00e0y, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed3n d\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh bao v\u00e2y ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch, t\u1eadp k\u00edch c\u00e1c to\u00e1n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111i l\u00f9ng s\u1ee5 c ...1. T\u1ea1i T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f2n g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0n chinh. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u1eef\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u r\u1ea5t ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam chinh m\u1eadt l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng ch\u00ec huy, kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch, ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1eadu c\u00e0n, giao th\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. Ng\u00e0y 24-4-1947, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn giao th\u00f4ng, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt 2 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i L\u1ed9 4 (Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 1 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn c \u1ed5 C\u00f2 v\u00e0 Gi\u1ed3ng D\u1eeba (thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n C\u00e1i B\u00e8, tinh M\u1ef9 Tho) v\u00e0 tr\u1eadn th\u1ee9 hai (\u0111o\u1ea1n Long \u0110\u1ecbnh - Cai L\u1eady (t\u1ec9nh M\u1ef9 Tho). Ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t 250 t\u00ean, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y 28 xe qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, thu tr\u00ean 100 s\u00fang c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i... Trong s\u1ed1 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1c ph\u1ee7 S\u1ee9 B\u00edch v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129nh Kh\u00e1nh, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \\\"Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nam K\u1ef3 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\". C\u0169ng tr\u00ean L\u1ed9 4, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Khu IX ph\u1ed5i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n T\u1ea7m Vu, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y 6 xe qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, di\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n 100 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, thu nhi\u1ec1u s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n trang, v \u1ec1 giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh t\u00e0u t\u1eeb k\u00eanh Linh X\u00e1ng - M\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110i\u1ec1u (B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau). C\u0169ng trong \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1947, t\u1ea1i V\u0129nh Long, Tr\u00e0 Vinh, R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1, Ch\u00e2u \u0110 \u1ed1c... ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u trung \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecbch2. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng anh d\u0169ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb 23-9-1945 \u0111\u1ebfn khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn 1. Khu V 30 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, t\u1eadp I: Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p. B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Qu\u00e2n khu V, 1986, tr. 78, 100, 102. 2. Tr\u1ea7n H\u1ed3ng H\u1ea1nh trong T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1 6-1996, \u1eeb. 46. 215","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed5 v\u0169 tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c qu\u00fd b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 ra; \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00fd b\u00e1u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, n\u00f3ng h\u1ed5i cho qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean theo L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00f9a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch, g\u00e2y cho ch\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tuy chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta v\u1eabn l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 xung quanh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong th\u00e0nh. ra. CHUY\u1ec2N C\u1ea2 N\u01af\u1edaC V\u00c0O CHI\u1ebeN TRANH, CHU\u1ea8N B\u1eca KH\u00c1NG CHI\u1ebeN L\u00c2U D\u00c0I H\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee9ng l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u00e9n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u00e1n do \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1ea1ch ra, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ea7y gian kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t vinh quang. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng\\\", t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 di c\u01b0, t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1edbn trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n \u0111\u1ecbch. V\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. 216","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111ang chi \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfc l\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf \u1edf khu r\u1eebng Khau T\u00ed, x\u00e3 \u0110i\u1ec1m M\u1eb7c, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a, tinh Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean n\u0103m 1947. Ngu\u1ed3n: L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-2000, T\u1eadp 1 (1945-1954), Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 246. Sau b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m gh\u00ecm ch\u00e2n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch mang n\u1ed9i dung chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. 1. T\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u01a1 quan, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, kho t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, kho t\u00e0ng, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu an to\u00e0n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ngay t\u1eeb 217","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1945 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ea7y gay go v\u00e0 gian kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1eebong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, di c\u01b0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd lan t\u1edbi. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh quan t\u00e2m ti mi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u01a1 t\u00e1n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, ng\u00e0y 10-2-1947, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn huy\u1ec7n Nho Quan d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 do B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh Ninh B\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 18 \u0111\u1ebfn 21-2-1947, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 th\u0103m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tinh Thanh H\u00f3a. T\u1eeb Thanh H\u00f3a v\u1ec1 Chi N\u00ea, qua ch\u1ee3 \u0110\u1ea7m \u0110a, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi th\u1ecb cho \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i d\u1eddi ngay ch\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y bay gi\u1eb7c n\u00e9m bom b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t cho d\u00e2n. \u0110\u00e1p l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n s\u0129, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c gi\u00e0u l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng l\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00fai r\u1eebng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a chi\u00e9n l\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1eeba v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta v\u1eeba kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, g\u1ea1o, mu\u1ed1i, v\u1ea3i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ecf th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c khu an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng: \\\"B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i\\\"1. 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 8 (1945-1947), Nxb. Chinh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, \u1eeb. 150. 218","Ch\u01b0cmg III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. Tuy so v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u00ec s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ta \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn khu an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i vai khi\u00eang v\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f4 s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta l\u00fac n\u00e0y. Su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11-1946 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 2-1947, c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t h\u0103ng h\u00e1i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. G\u1ea1o v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 hai nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5-1946, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u1eadp Nha ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf (tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf) c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thu mua v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o. s\u1ed1 th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o thu mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i \u1ee9ong kho c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. T\u1ea1i V\u0103n L\u00fd (Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh), Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n 20.000 t\u1ea5n mu\u1ed1i, c \u1ea7 n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y chi\u1ebfn tranh \u00e1c li\u1ec7t. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n mu\u1ed1i (tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp giao cho \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n L\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ri\u00eang C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n nhu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 400 t\u1ea5n mu\u1ed1i l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. Th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7c thu mua, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o chu \u0111\u00e1o. B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7t kho d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n nhu c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kho t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, Ninh B\u00ecnh, S\u01a1n T\u00e2y, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Tuy\u00ean Quang, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nam B\u1ed9, vi\u1ec7c thu mua, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Ta l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 h\u1edf ban \u0111\u00eam c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, d\u00f9ng thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n 219","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i th\u00f3c c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Nam B\u1ed9 t\u1eeb Khu VIII, Khu IX v\u1ec1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n xay s\u00e1t r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n ra ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho Khu VII. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, ta gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u01a1 quan, kho t\u00e0ng, c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, v\u1eadt t\u01b0, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ra v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra r\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 di chuy\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c tinh t\u1eeb Ninh B\u00ecnh tr\u1edf ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee7 L\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ee9 n g H\u00f2a, sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc theo tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh - H\u01b0ng H\u00f3a - Tuy\u00ean Quang - Chi\u00eam H\u00f3a v\u00e0 Ph\u1ee7 L\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng - Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean - Ch\u1ee3 Chu - B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Asia, Nam Ph\u00e1t (ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n xe l\u1eeda Gia L\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c l\u00ean Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n xe l\u1eeda \u0110\u00f4ng Anh th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean Tuy\u00ean Quang, B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Nh\u00e0 in Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, Nh\u00e0 in B\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, \u0110\u00e0i Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0u h\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. T\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t b\u00ed m\u1eadt. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch che m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u01b0a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec1u, Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u1ea3i, t\u01a1, s\u1ee3i ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do. T\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Y\u00ean, c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean 2.500 t\u1ea5n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. T\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ec7 An, T\u1ec9nh \u1ee7y, Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n Ngh\u1ec7 An huy \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a g\u1ea7n hai v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00ean mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y c\u1ee7a tinh, l\u1eadp c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu an to\u00e0n thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n Thanh Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u00f4 L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ngh\u0129a \u0110\u00e0n. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng 220","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hu\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y in v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf c\u00f9a nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng Hu\u1ebf. T\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb1ng, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u0169ng di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, c\u01a1 s\u1edd h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11 n\u00e3m 1946 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ra v\u00f9ng xa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3, khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 ra th\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch d\u1ea7n l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n nhu, qu\u00e2n y, qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi v\u1eeba ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eeba l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 di chuy\u1ec3n. Ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u00ec theo ch\u00e2n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Ri\u00eang ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n nhu, anh em c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong ng\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc 2,5 tri\u1ec7u m\u00e9t v\u1ea3i, 3.000 bao t\u1ea3i \u0111ay v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea5n s\u1ee3i. Khi qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u00e2n y chuy\u1ec3n ra v\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh Thanh Li\u1ec7t, Thanh Oai v\u00e0 \u1ee9 n g H\u00f2a (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng nay l\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i). T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, qu\u00e2n y \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n d\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c khu an to\u00e0n. Cu\u1ed9c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i l\u1edbn, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i b\u1ecb b\u0103m n\u00e1t. V\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ea5t c\u00e0 cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c tham gia v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy m\u1ecdi s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn, ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, chi trong m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n, b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u00ean 3.200 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 733 chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 6.714 t\u1ea5n, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng quanh co d\u00e0i 7.768km \\\\ Ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t bom ba c\u00e0ng, s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nhanh c\u00e1c kho 1. Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu H\u1ee3p, Ph\u1ea1m Quang To\u00e0n, Giai c\u1eafp c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1945-1954, Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, 1987, tr. 158. 221","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 v\u0169 kh\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh r\u1ed9ng ra. Kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0169 kh\u00ed, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb Khu V tr\u1edf ra \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u01a1n 19.000 t\u1ea5n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, trong \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, v\u1eadt t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 sau: Khui : 1.000 t\u1ea5n. Khu II v\u00e0 Khu XI : 3.000 t\u1ea5n. Khu III 4.000 t\u1ea5n. Khu IV : 5.400 t\u1ea5n. Khu V v\u00e0 Khu X : 3.000 t\u1ea5n. T\u1ed5ng Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam: 8.000 t\u1ea5n. C\u00e1c Ban v\u0169 kh\u00ed d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n: 12.000 t\u1ea5n. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng : 39.400 t\u1ea5n1. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c tinh x\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i. Ri\u00eang m\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 289 chi\u1ebfc. Hai chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p ta l\u1ea5y \u1edf Scm T\u00e2y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n hu\u1ea5n B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tham m\u01b0u th\u00e1o r\u1eddi, chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. Nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean mang l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn khu to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c kho t\u00e0ng, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 chu \u0111\u00e1o. V\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy m\u1ecdi s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn, ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di chuy\u1ec3n, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 1. Ph\u00e1t huy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e9 vang c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi. T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed h\u1ecdc. CD 139, tr. 6. 222","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ec8U. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00e2m m\u01b0u ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i, c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i hy sinh c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng hy sinh, c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp n\u00ean k\u1ef3 t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1edd th\u1ebf, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i gi\u1eefa v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, di c\u01b0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd lan t\u1edbi. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11-1946, khi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p g\u00e2y xung \u0111\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111i s\u01a1 t\u00e1n. \u1ede c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, Hu\u1ebf, \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng, tuy c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u do thi\u1ebfu kinh nghi\u1ec7m, n\u00ean s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f2n g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fang t\u00fang. Ng\u00e0y 27-12-1946, sau kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb: \\\"M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u1ee7 y ban ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, t\u00e0ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u1ee7 y ban t\u1ea3n c\u01b0\\\"1. Trong \u0111\u00f3, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0ng, m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u1ee7y ban t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee7 y ban \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn m\u00ecnh, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chu \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edd nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn. Ng\u00e0y 31-12-1946, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 5\/SL th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7 y ban t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, di c\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9, ng\u00e0nh 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, tr. 491. 223","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 tham gia \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u00e0y 12-1-1947, \u1ee7 y ban t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 di c\u01b0 B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi ng\u00e2n qu\u1ef9 30 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecf, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 - di c\u01b0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 n\u1ec1 n\u1ebfp h\u01a1n. H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, di c\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t, nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u0169ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Ng\u00e0y 17-2-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, v\u1eeba s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 t\u00fac v\u1eeba \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0103n d\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 ph\u00e1t huy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng con ch\u00e1u L\u1ea1c H\u1ed3ng, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, gian kh\u1ed5, si\u00eang n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m. H\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ta, theo ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, c\u1eeda nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c, ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, \\\"\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 cam ch\u1ecbu l\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh c\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u1eddi chung v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n th\u00f9\\\"1. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch: \\\"T\u1ea3n c\u01b0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\", m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft \\\"l\u00e1 l\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f9m l\u00e1 r\u00e1ch\\\" \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ban \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 c\u00f3 n\u01a1i \u0103n, ch\u1ed1n \u1edf, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. Ri\u00eang \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Trung, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u01a1n 500 tr\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu h\u00fat hom 70.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0. Tu\u00e2n theo Chi th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed5 sung nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea3n c\u01b0. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1, t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 s\u1ed1ng chan h\u00f2a trong t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f9m b\u1ecdc, c\u00f9ng chia ng\u1ecdt 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 5. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, 1995, tr. 49. 224","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. s\u1ebb b\u00f9i, c\u00f9ng chung s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c tranh sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. Theo ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \\\"v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng\\\", t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u1edbn. H\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n s\u0129, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng theo ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c, t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. 2. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ng\u0103n tr\u1edd vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Kho t\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, t\u1ea7u xe, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, nghe, nh\u00ecn..., h\u1ec5 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ecbch m\u00e0 ta kh\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1. Hi sinh \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kho \u0111\u1ea1n l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n, c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mu\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi'. Qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean, c\u01a1 quan qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, c\u00e1ch chi huy v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u1edf t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1 ngay, n\u01a1i n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u00eau th\u1ed5, ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1eebong ph\u1ed1, ngay trong nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u, n\u00ean khuy\u00ean h\u1ecd s\u01a1 t\u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec do h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft. Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n. 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 8, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, 2000, tr. 25. 225","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Ng\u00e0y 6-2-1947, thay m\u1eb7t Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn: \\\"\u0110\u00e1nh th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i\\\"... \\\"Ph\u00e1 cho r\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e1 cho s\u00e2u, ph\u00e1 cho b\u1ecdn Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e1t cu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 b\u1eafn v\u00e0o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1eady\\\"1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ra s\u1ee9c tham gia c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng l\u1ee3i r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd \\\"s\u1eeda sang tu b\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i h\u1ebft\\\", \\\"s\u1ebd l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng kh\u00e9o h\u01a1n, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp h\u01a1n\\\"2. T\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ea1ch k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tham m\u01b0u th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Trung \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f4ng binh do \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00fay chi huy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111i c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng. C\u00e1c Khu \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1eadp ban ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, v\u1ea1ch k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong Khu, \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ph\u1ea1m vi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng, t\u1eebng \u0111om v\u1ecb, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n huy \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3m tra, \u0111\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tham gia c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. T\u1ed5ng Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc cao \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ef1 tay \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf, \u0111\u00e0o h\u00e0o \u0111\u1eafp \u1ee5, d\u1ef1ng v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng th\u1ee7y - b\u1ed9. Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Vinh, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Thanh H\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u00eau th\u1ed5. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. Theo L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0o n\u00e1t, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng 1,2.H \u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 5, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, tr. 25, 26. 226","Ch\u01b0cmg III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1eadp. C\u00e1c \u1ee5 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean m\u1eadt \u0111\u00ea \u0111\u1eadp, t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng. Th\u1ecb x\u00e3, th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y nh\u00e0 c\u00f9a v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng tin s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1 r\u1eb1ng: \\\"\u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng nhau ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1eeda sang l\u1ea1i\\\". C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khi\u00eang v\u00e1c v\u1eadt t\u01b0, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t qua h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m, \u1edd l\u1eabn v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, l\u1ed1i sinh ho\u1ea1t tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a. Chi b\u1eb1ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4 s\u01a1, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 san b\u1eb1ng t\u1eebng khu\u00ecph\u1ed1, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, nh\u00e0 lao, th\u00e0nh' c\u1ed5... R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, t\u1ef1 tay \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o tham gia ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf. Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam ti\u1ebfng b\u00faa, ti\u1ebfng x\u00e0 beng, ti\u1ebfng h\u00f2 reo c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9o s\u1eadp t\u1eebng m\u1ea3ng t\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1eeda nh\u00e0. Ti\u00eau th\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, ti\u00eau th\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1 \\\"Th\u00e0 hy sinh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7\\\". Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng binh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i l\u1edbn b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoan l\u1ed7 s\u1eb5n, \u0111\u1ec3 khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecn, cho n\u1ed5, l\u00e0m c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed5 ra c\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o nh\u1eefng r\u00e3nh c\u1eaft ngang, r\u1ed9ng 0,6m, d\u00e0i lm, s\u00e2u 0,5m so le v\u1edbi nhau. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 xe \u0111\u1ea1p v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng xe c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ec3 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng theo ki\u1ec3u \\\"l\u1ed7 hoa mai\\\" v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafp \\\"con ch\u1ea1ch\\\" tr\u00ean \u0111\u00ea. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1946 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9-1947, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u1edd Khu II, Khu XII, Khu X, Khu IV, Khu V \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Chi ri\u00eang Khu II \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o 107 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u0103n 20 qu\u1eabng s\u00f4ng, 227","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 ph\u00e1 177 c\u1ea7u, b\u00f3c 126km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeba, h\u1ea1 4.595 c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 2 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1eafp l\u00f3O.OOOm3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e11. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c C\u00f4ng binh, trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y 1.060km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, 5.640km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, 30.500 chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u, c\u1ed1ng, 59.100 nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, 84 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y v\u00e0 868 toa xe... Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1i l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng trung du v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1nh t\u1edbi, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c m\u1ecf M\u1ea1o Kh\u00ea, \u01af\u00f4ng B\u00ed, Tuy\u00ean Quang, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecn \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1eadp c\u00e1c h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf sau khi g\u1ee1 h\u1ebft m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Gia L\u00e2m, \u0110\u00f4ng Anh, B\u1eafc Giang, Hu\u1ebf, \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e1y \u1edf H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1. T\u00ednh ri\u00eang B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, sau 5 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 s\u1eadp ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf v\u00e0 ba ph\u1ea7n n\u0103m s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2-1947, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ra kh\u1ecfi th\u1ebf b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1nh t\u1ecfa r\u1ed9ng ra c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e0n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch \u1ee9\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eb1ng co quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. Ta ph\u00e1, \u0111\u1ecbch s\u1eeda xong, ta l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1. Trong su\u1ed1t n\u0103m 1947, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tuy l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u00ea li\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfn tranh nu\u00f4i chi\u1ebfn tranh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y xi m\u0103ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t 266.000 t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m, n\u0103m 1947 chi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p 1945-1954, t\u1eadp I, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1994, \u1eeb. 292. 228","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III. Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 40.000 t\u1ea5n. M\u1ecf than H\u1ed3ng Gai n\u0103m 1947 ch\u1ec9 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 26.000 tan\/th\u00e1ng; trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, trang b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t 145.300 t\u1ea5n\/th\u00e1ng... \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ng\u00e0nh cao su th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn h\u00e9c ta, nhung do ta t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947 ch\u1ec9 khai th\u00e1c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n 4.000 h\u00e9c ta'. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c, c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u00f9a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t cho nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1edbi. Ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, ti\u00eau th\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch l\u00ean g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c c\u00e1nh sinh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i tr\u00e0n lan, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 n\u01a1i t\u1ecf ra ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb khi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ecdc nhanh v\u00e0o h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft qua c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau th\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sang th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta su\u1ed1t Xu\u00e2n - H\u00e8 n\u0103m 1947. 1. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p 1945-1954, t\u1eadp II, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1986, tr. 77. 229","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng rv V\u1eeaA KH\u00c1NG CHI\u00c9N V\u1eeaA KI\u1ebeN QU\u1ed0C I. X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG N\u1ec0N D\u00c2N CH\u1ee6 C\u1ed8NG H\u00d2A \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb sau cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ta c\u00e0ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf quan \u1eef\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi. 1. v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, \u1eebong \u0111\u1ecf n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00ean l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. 1.1. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Tr\u1ea3i qua 15 th\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng (23-9-1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1 9 -1 2 -1 9 4 6 ), ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1eeb Trung \u01b0cmg \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n. T\u1eeb sau ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh. S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 1\/SL ng\u00e0y 20-12-1946 do Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00fd v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p. v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e2ng cao ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u00fd ch\u00ed ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 hy sinh gian kh\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 th\u00f3c l\u00faa, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, quan li\u00eau, qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t, thi\u1ebfu s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a, v\u00f4 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. 230","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c Ng\u00e0y 19-3-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 k\u00fd c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u1ee7 y ban b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khu v\u00e0 tinh. M\u1ed7i \u1ee7 y ban b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khu v\u00e0 tinh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, ba \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0y 26-3-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 huy\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m ba \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u (qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n), \u1ee7 y ban b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 x\u00e3 (\u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e3) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u1ede x\u00e3, c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ki\u00eam kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e3 l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ki\u00eam kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn x\u00e31, \u1ee7 y ban b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n qu\u00e2n, d\u00e2n, ch\u00ednh. Chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 lan t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u, \u1ee7 y ban b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1edd \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Sau khi Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, khu Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u0169 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \\\"An to\u00e0n khu Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng\\\", trung t\u00e2m chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, ng\u00e0y 14-3-1947, B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ra th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 li\u00ean b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ti\u00eau qu\u1ef9 \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1eebng c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Ng\u00e0y 15- 3-1947, B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ra chi th\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n, d\u00e2n ch\u00ednh. Nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111i v\u00e0o n\u1ec1 n\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, sau chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i ki\u1ec3m tra \u1edd Thanh H\u00f3a, ng\u00e0y 20-2-1947, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u1edd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m 1. C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, s\u1ed1 5, 1947. 231","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng m\u00ecnh ngay l\u00ean ngang t\u1ea7m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi xa r\u1eddi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, m\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0y 1-3-1947, t\u1eeb ch\u00f9a M\u1ed9t M\u00e1i (huy\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c Oai), Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 g\u1eedi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Trung B\u1ed9, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 h\u00e3y \u0111em h\u1ebft tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0m cho n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u1ee9\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ta l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e1ng 10-1947 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang \u1ed3 \u1ea1t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, c\u00f3 l\u00fac m\u0169i th\u1ecdc s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ed7 \u1edd c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y lkm. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u1eb7m c\u1ee5i \u0111\u00e1nh m\u00e1y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \\\"S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ed1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c\\\" l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e1c phong cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, n\u1ed9i dung cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111u\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u chinh l\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e0y 4-4-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh mi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du Thanh H\u00f3a v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u00fap \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh tinh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a 6 huy\u1ec7n mi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du; \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5. Theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 29-5-1947, hai tinh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Khu XI (tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 Khu II). Ng\u00e0y 1-10-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh 91\/SL h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p tinh, huy\u1ec7n, ph\u1ee7 (ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2u), x\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u00eam h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: \u01afBKCHC. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 20-10-1947 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 4 ph\u1ee7: Ho\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0110an Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Thanh Tr\u00ec, Thanh Oai thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n 232","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u00eam h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh ng\u00e0y 25-11-1947 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tinh Qu\u1ea3ng Y\u00ean (g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c H\u1ed3ng Gai) thu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn khu XII... Do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chi \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1eadp trung th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00f3 Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u1edd b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh, c\u00f2n \u1edf c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c khu, tinh, cho n\u00ean trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 giao quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn do v\u1eady c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ecdi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c do \u0110\u00e0ng kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. \u0110e ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, nh\u00e2n s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i tham gia nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n. \u00d4ng Phan Anh gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf, \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng Minh Gi\u00e1m gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao, \u00f4ng T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. Sau khi B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng qua \u0111\u1eddi, th\u00e1ng 11-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh m\u1eddi \u00f4ng Phan Ke To\u1ea1i gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n R\u1ed9 tnr\u1ecfmg B\u1ed9 N \u1ed9i v\u1ee5. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eb7ng th\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y 5-6-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \\\"Huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u00e2n c\u00f4ng\\\" v\u00e0 \\\"Huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Chi\u1ebfn s \u0129' \u0111\u1ec3 khen th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u00edch trong chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Nh\u1eefng huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng li\u1ec7t s\u0129 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Ng\u00e0y 5-7-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed5 58\/SL, \u0111\u1eb7t ba th\u1ee9 hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"Sao V\u00e0ng\\\", \\\"H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\\\" v\u00e0 \\\"\u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\\\". S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5: \\\"Sao V\u00e0ng\\\" l\u00e0 Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 chi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 233","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \\\"H\u1ed2 Ch\u00ed Minh\\\" c\u00f3 ba h\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"\u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\\\" c\u00f3 ba h\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c chi \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111i v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n n\u1ebfp, th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u00fang t\u00fang bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u. 1.2. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang Nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng. D\u00f9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \\\"t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n\\\", nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1eabn \u0111u\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t. \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: \\\"L\u00e0m cho \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang\\\"1. Ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea3ng trong b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, trong c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, \u1eebong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong v\u00f9ng sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 n\u1eef, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ea1p \u0110\u1ea3ng. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 7 6 .0 0 0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi2. C\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0110\u1ea3ng. Song song v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 to l\u1edbn. Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c 1. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00e1ng 4-1947, tr. 32. 2. L\u1ecbch s\u1ee7 \u0110\u00e1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u01a1 th\u1ea3o, t\u1eadp I (1920-1954), Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1981, tr. 550. 234","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn tranh, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea3ng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u1edf c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao, tranh th\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. T\u1ea1i Li\u00ean khu IV, Li\u00ean khu \u1ee7y \u0111\u1ec1 ra 3 danh hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00e0: t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu. C\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 trong Li\u00ean khu l\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec1u, n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean tinh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u, b\u1ea7u ra Ban ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. \u1ede c\u1ea5p huy\u1ec7n, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy\u1ec7n \u1ee7y c\u00f3 chi b\u1ed9 \u1edf c\u01a1 quan huy\u1ec7n. B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m \u1edd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tinh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0: H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, H\u00e0 Nam... C\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy\u1ec7n \u1ee7y, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi b\u1ed9 licn x\u00e3. \u0110cn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, to\u00e0n B\u0103c B \u1ed9 c\u00f3 803 chi b \u1ed9 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, c\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1ea1i Li\u00ean khu V, t\u1eeb v\u1ecb \u1eef\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Li\u00ean khu ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5: \u0110\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch \u1eebong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm; \u0110\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i in\u1ee5i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \\\"b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh\\\" c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, bi\u1ebfn h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta; X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do th\u00e0nh 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e0ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 9, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 279. 235","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ea1 L\u00e0o, \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Campuchia. \u0110\u1ed5i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, \u0111em to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i, h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i, quan li\u00eau, qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m hi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n ch\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u01b0u t\u00fa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia nh\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea3ng. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 76.000 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean. H\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n s\u00e2u b\u00e1m r\u1ec5 trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a m \u00ecnh1. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea3ng trong b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u1eef\u1ecdng. Sau cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, \u0110\u1ea3ng ra s\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c c\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng, x\u00e1c l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea3ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang. V\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y (th\u00e1ng 1- 1946), ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp trong to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0ng trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u1ec9nh tr\u1ecb c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946, trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 82.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 8.000 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean (trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 20.000 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng)2. H\u01a1n 5.000 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea3ng trong m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1947. Chi b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \\\"ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra\\\" \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eeb ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u1edd l\u00ean. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u01a1 th\u1ea3o, t\u1eadp 1 (1920-1954), Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1981, tr. 550. 2. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p (1945-1954), t\u1eadp I, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1994, tr. 151. 236","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. S\u1ef1 v\u1eebng m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gian kh\u1ed5, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m v\u1eeba h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 do th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7t ra, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n; v\u1eeba l\u00e0m v\u1eeba ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00ed c\u0103m th\u00f9 gi\u1eb7c cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, \u0110\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 xu th\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ta, l\u00e0m cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, gian kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u1ee7y \u0110\u00e0ng t\u1edbi Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp m\u1edd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t sinh ho\u1ea1t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 nh\u01b0 bi quan, k\u00e9m tin t\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee7 quan, n\u00f4n n\u00f3ng, c\u1ea7u an l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, thu\u1eadu l\u1ef1i, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng \u00fd ch\u00ed chicn \u0111\u1ea5u, ph\u00e1t huy cao \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ch\u1ee7 quan \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i k\u1ebb th\u00f9. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t chinh hu\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong \u0110\u1ea3ng, trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t to l\u1edbn. Chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t, kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t. Trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u xung phong, g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng. Nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea5t \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, chia r\u1ebd b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i n\u1ea3y sinh \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng chi \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. 237","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t, ki\u1ec3m tra, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u1edd nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 thanh ni\u00ean, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, h\u1ecdc sinh, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y, trung th\u00e0nh, hy sinh v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u1ed5 sung cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, an ninh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9, khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t trong \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 Nam B\u1ed9, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch m\u1edbi, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1eebong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 chi r\u00f5, ch\u1ec9 sau khi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n g\u1eedi th\u01b0 c\u0103n d\u1eb7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, c\u0103n d\u1eb7n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh: ch\u1ee7 quan, b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i, quan li\u00eau, v\u00f4 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, \u00edch k\u1ef7... Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft: \\\"Trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed r\u1ea5t c\u1ecf quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. N\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u01a1 su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfng vi\u1ec7c to, sai m\u1ed9t ly \u0111i m\u1ed9t d\u1eb7m\\\"1. 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 5 (1947-1949), Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, tr. 76. 238","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ec8V. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c Tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nam B\u1ed9, Nam Trung B\u1ed9, B\u00ecnh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng, kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm... bi\u1ebft bao \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft, \u0103n h\u1ea7m \u1edf b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u00e1m d\u00e2n, b\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbch. Bi\u1ebft bao chi b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, l\u1edbp l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Theo ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed, ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ecdi \u00e2m m\u01b0u chia r\u1ebd c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, song song v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u01b0: T\u1ed5ng Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, H\u1ed9i N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, \u0110o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, H\u1ed9i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n thi \u0111ua s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t huy s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c h\u1ed9i N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o hom, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ecd ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947 tr\u1edf \u0111i, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam, T\u1ed5ng h\u1ed9i Sinh vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i. Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 7-1-1947, Chi h\u1ed9i Sinh vi\u00ean Nam B\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 25-5-1947. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong to\u00e0n x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110o\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 12-1947. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 237.789 \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean Nam B\u1ed9. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t Minh v\u00e0 Li\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. 239","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u1edf v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e2m m\u01b0u chia r\u1ebd c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u0169ng c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"X\u1ee9 N\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\", \\\"X\u1ee9 Th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\", \\\"X\u1eed M\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\"; ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e2m m\u01b0u \\\"d\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t\\\"; \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh phong tr\u00e0o thi \u0111ua y\u00eau nu\u1edbc tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. 2. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i n\u0103ng ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n cho s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Khu an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, d\u00e2n c\u01b0, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u1edf r\u1eebng n\u00fai m\u00e0 \u1edd c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng\\\", v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \\\"\u0111\u1ea5t h\u1eb9p, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc... Nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh xuy\u00ean m\u0169i d\u00f9i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y\\\"1. Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00edch tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan chi huy kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7t ra t\u1eeb khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c s\u00e1p b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. Bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa 1. V\u00e2n ki\u1ec7n Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng, t\u1eadp 2, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1976, tr. 126-127. 240","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c tr\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 h\u1eadu c\u1ee9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed5ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u1ecf \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn bao g\u1ed3m 6 tinh v\u00e0 v\u00e0nh \u0111ai ngo\u1ea1i vi r\u1ed9ng 40.000km2 v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 1 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129. T\u1eeb \u1eebong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng cho t\u1edbi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, v \u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kho\u00e1ng s\u00e0n phong ph\u00fa, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea7n c\u00f9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, cho c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v \u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ea1 tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng 8-1945, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y r\u1eddi Khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, khi giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u1edd l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00f3i: \\\"Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n \u1eef\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1edd c\u1eady \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa...\\\"1. Th\u00e1ng 10-1946, khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5 ra kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n L\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u0103ng Ninh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ea7n b\u1ecb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946, v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p tinh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p m\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng (ATK) do Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o; Nha C\u00f4ng an chi \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. C\u00e1c An to\u00e0n khu c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n trong \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3. Trong nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh bi\u00ean ni\u00ean ti\u1ebfu s\u1ee9, t\u1eadp 2, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1993, tr. 267. 241","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed5i cho b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. T\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, c\u01a1 quan trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt, ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y c\u00e1c an to\u00e0n khu (g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 ATK) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. V\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau ng\u00e0y to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 di chuy\u1ec3n qua 5 tinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng l\u00ean gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du bao la m\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 khu tam gi\u00e1c B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n - Tuy\u00ean Quang - Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a (Ch\u1ee3 Chu) n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa ba tinh \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi 5 huy\u1ec7n xung quanh: Chi\u00eam H\u00f3a, Ch\u1ee3 \u0110\u1ed3n, Ch\u1ee3 M\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb v\u00e0 S\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh cho \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Chi th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0cmg v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a th\u00e0nh ATK c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, Tinh \u1ee7y Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean c\u1eed nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tinh r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u00eau cao tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. ATK do Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ch\u1ecdn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng gi\u00e1p ranh thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n S\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Y\u00ean S\u01a1n, Ch\u1ee3 \u0110\u1ed3n l\u00e0 khu an to\u00e0n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, b\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3-1947, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp trung l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u gian nan, v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 do thi\u1ebfu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. Nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01a1 quan l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi 242","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3i Khau T\u00fd (x\u00e3 \u0110i\u1ec1m M\u1eb7c). T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n \u0111i S\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb, l\u00ean Ch\u1ee3 \u0110\u1ed3n, ra Ph\u00fa L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eaft \u0111i l\u1ea1i k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o, thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u00e1c phong gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb trong sinh ho\u1ea1t, \u00e1o n\u00e2u t\u00fai v\u1ea3i, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ecdp, Ngu\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3i trang nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i s\u0103n trong r\u1eebng s\u00e2u. Vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc th\u1eb3ng l\u1ee3i ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2n t\u1eadp k\u00edch b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. H\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n s\u0129, tri th\u1ee9c gi\u00e0u l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng l\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111ang vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ee5 B\u00f9i B\u1eb1ng \u0110o\u00e0n - Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban Thu\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, d\u00f9 tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0, s\u1ee9c y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn h\u0103ng h\u00e1i l\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 Phan K\u1ebf To\u1ea1i, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u1ed1, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy\u00ean, Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Phan Anh... C\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng, Tr\u1ea7n H\u1eefu T\u01b0\u1edbc, H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di; c\u00e1c v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e8o \u0111\u00e8o, l\u1ed9i su\u1ed1i \u0111i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Linh m\u1ee5c Phan B\u00e1 Tr\u1ef1c, H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9... c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Li\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf r\u1eebng s\u00e2u. T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea3ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh \u1edf v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i x\u00f3m Ph\u1ee5ng Hi\u1ec3u, x\u00e3 \u0110i\u1ec1m M\u1eb7c; c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 T\u00f4n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng... c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u1edd v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i ATK cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Th\u1ecb x\u00e3 B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean vinh d\u1ef1 tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. ATK kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta, l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, y\u00eau ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. N\u00fai r\u1eebng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp trung l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc trong tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng binh x\u01b0\u1edfng, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u0169ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba. H\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ra c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. 243","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 H\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n g\u1ea1o, mu\u1ed1i, v\u1ea3i... b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n d\u00e0n l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y. M\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng: \u00f4 t\u00f4, thuy\u1ec1n, m\u1ea3ng, b\u00e8, xe b\u00f2, xe tr\u00e2u, ng\u1ef1a th\u1ed3, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u1ed3ng g\u00e1nh, khi\u00eang v\u00e1c. G\u1ea7n 63.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u1edf v\u00f9ng xu\u00f4i t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, th\u1ecb x\u00e3, l\u00e0ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. N\u01a1i \u0103n, ch\u1ed1n \u1edf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0m b\u1ea3o. T\u1eeb bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c \u0111om v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i lu\u00f4n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n c\u00e2y tre, lu\u1ed3ng, mai v\u1ea7u, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n l\u00e1 c\u1ecd, h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u00e0y c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta l\u00e0m l\u00e1n tr\u1ea1i, kho x\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m h\u00e0o. Nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u1edf l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m kho t\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00e1c c\u1ee5 gi\u00e0, tr\u1ebb em l\u00e0m giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, tu\u1ea7n tra canh g\u00e1c cho c\u01a1 quan c\u00e1n b\u1ed9. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong ATK h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o T\u00e0y, N\u00f9ng, Dao, M\u00f4ng, Tr\u1ea1i... s\u1edbm c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t tin v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 B\u00e1c H\u1ed3. \\\"C\u1eeda ng\u00f5\\\" \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n v\u00e0o ATK \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy ch\u1ebf ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ebb vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng gian, gi\u1eef bi m\u1eadt. Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ATK Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, \u1eebong \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u00ednh quy, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc ATK Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ATK \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, g\u1eafn v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c. M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau khi \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn ATK, trong L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m n\u1eeda n\u0103m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed5ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, \\\"vi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ta l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a; v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ta \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft; 244","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V \u1eeba kh \u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u0129 ta d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, v\u00ec chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ta \u0111\u00fang...\\\"1. C\u0169ng trong d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb ATK h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh tr\u00ean b\u00e1o S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecfa \u0111i c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho to\u00e0n d\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i trong khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9. C\u00e1c trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed5 sung qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1, trang b\u1ecb v\u00e0 g\u1ea5p r\u00fat ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, \u1edd m\u1ed7i tinh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch t\u1eadp trung tho\u00e1t ly s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, m\u1ed7i huy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 1 trung \u0111\u1ed9i. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4-1947, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u1ed9i, huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9i, x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9i ra \u0111\u1eddi, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tham m\u01b0u c\u00f2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, du k\u00edch. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edd hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u1edd T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o (S\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng), Tuy H\u00f3a, \u0110\u1ecbnh B\u1ea3n (\u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a) tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e0ng vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc. N\u1ed9i dung h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ATK. C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ra \u0111\u00f2fi t\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 chi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh. N\u0103m 1947, to\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u00f3 20.705 \u0111\u1ea3ng vicn, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 9.669 thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh. N\u0103m 1947, Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 379.281 ha l\u00faa, ng\u00f4, khoai, thu 450.000 t\u1ea5n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. H\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1eeb H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, B\u1eafc Ninh... t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 l\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. T\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u00f3 4 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, 741 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 15.095 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh to\u00e1n n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf, phong tr\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \\\"\u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi\\\" ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh bi\u00ean ni\u00ean ti\u1ebfu s\u1eed, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 98. 245","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Ph\u00e1t huy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ebb vang, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a con em gia nh\u1eadp ng\u0169, h\u0103ng h\u00e1i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f2ng gian b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc - ATK c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o, h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 trong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch h\u1eadu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5u tranh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t, gi\u00e0nh d\u00e2n gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch. N\u00f3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c: ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ea1i ATK \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, chi \u0111\u1ea1o, chi huy qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp quan tr\u1ecdng, trong \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean t\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1eeb ATK, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u00e9n, ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c. Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hai c\u01a1 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang (B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy), vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n \u0111u k\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c (l\u1ea7n 3 v\u00e0 4), vi\u1ec7c chi \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Khu: Khu I, X v\u00e0 XII m\u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00f3p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 t\u00fac c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, tri\u1ec3n khai r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o cho ATK n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc n\u00f3i chung m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf m\u1edbi, l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. 246","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c T\u1eeb ATK \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a, nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng h\u00e0nh dinh chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, chi \u0111\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n. Trung t\u00e2m chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5, t\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ebfn B\u00ecnh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch \u1edf Nam Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9. C\u00e1c hu\u1ea5n l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c su\u1ed1t H\u00e8 - Thu n\u0103m 1947. v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i: \u0110\u00e0i Ph\u00e1t thanh Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (\u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a) \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t \u0111i c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngoan c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Cao \u1ee7y Bollaert, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ta trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam; \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eebng \u00c1n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Pakistan tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Indonesia. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1eef\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean ATK \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1eeb ATK, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u1edbn, nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan \u1eeb\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u0111i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n \\\"Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i\\\" c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh v\u00e0 L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi (19-12-1947) c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c n\u01a1i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u0169ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, ti\u00e9ng n\u00f3i Vi\u1ed9t Nam qua \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh truy\u1ec1n \u0111i nh\u1eefng tin t\u1ee9c, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, trung t\u00e2m chi \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n v\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c. Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba m\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u0103m lo x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. 247","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 Chi huy chi\u1ebfn khu c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng. Ai c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u00e0 vinh d\u1ef1, l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. ATK th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 khu an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t chu \u0111\u00e1o. ATK, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i che gi\u1ea5u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, n\u01a1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tr\u1ecdng, th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p, n\u01a1i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng r\u1ebbo cao, c\u00e1c c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o ATK, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh quy ch\u1ebf ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u ba kh\u00f4ng (kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i, kh\u00f4ng nghe, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1eeb gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ebb t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2n t\u1eadp k\u00edch b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c, tr\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c ATK \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quan t\u00e2m chi \u0111\u1ea1o, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1. C\u00d3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ATK Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Song, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba m\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi th\u1eed th\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 coi nh\u1eb9. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m lo x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. 248","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c Sau khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ATK \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u1ebf bao v\u00e2y, b\u1ecb phong t\u1ecfa c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9, ATK ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m \u1ecdi m\u1eb7t. v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 s\u1edd ch\u00ednh \u1ee9\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00f9a ATK, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n, ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p trong ATK ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng chi \u0111\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t huy quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, v\u00e0o th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5ng di chuy\u1ec3n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ATK, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1edd Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng. N\u0103m 1947, to\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u00f3 20.705 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 9.669 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Sau khi c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \\\"L\u1edbp Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m\\\", \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhanh. Ri\u00eang huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9-1947, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean t\u00e0ng h\u01a1n 2 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi 1946. T\u1ea1i Y\u00ean S\u01a1n, n\u0103m 1947, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 7 x\u00e3 trong ATK. m\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi b\u1ed9 gh\u00e9p, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1948, t\u00e1ch ra th\u00e0nh ba chi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u1ede S\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 50 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean sinh ho\u1ea1t trong 6 chi b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 5-1948, t\u0103ng l\u00ean 11 chi b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi 90 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m l\u00e0 16 chi b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi 320 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean. v\u1ec1 kinh t\u00e9, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kinh t\u1ebf \\\"t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p, t\u1ef1 t\u00fac\\\" \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho chi\u1ebfn tranh. Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 249","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ta chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1945-1946. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11-1946 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12-1947, g\u1ea1o, v\u1ea3i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u \u0103n, \u1edf, m\u1eb7c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 h\u0103ng h\u00e1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n cu c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 \u01b0ang ngo\u00e0i gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i tham gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ri\u00eang n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u0103m 1947, Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u1ea5y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 379.281 ha l\u00faa, ng\u00f4, khoai, s\u1eafn; thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 450.000 t\u1ea5n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5y l\u1ea5y s\u1ee3i cho ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng binh x\u01b0\u1edfng, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i l\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ra c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 6-1947, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. V\u00e0, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8-1947, 100.000 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1c g\u1eedi cho Nam B\u1ed9. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c m\u1ecf \u1edf Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. v \u00e9 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf: N\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0103m th\u00f9 qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u00fd ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn, quy\u1ebft th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00f3a b\u1ecf t\u00e0n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngu d\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i do ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m \\\"d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang\\\", th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi. L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb1m trong khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n, Tuy\u00ean Quang \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00f3a n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef t\u1eeb th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. Sau T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng 8-1945, tr\u1ea3i qua h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi, phong tr\u00e0o b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5, b\u1ed5 t\u00fac 250"]