LỊCH SỬ VIỆT NAM _ ĐINH THỊ THU CÚC Chủ biên_ NXB KHOA HỌC XÃ HỘI _ Tập 10

["Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1eca. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. B\u1eafc Trung B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai chi \u0111\u1ed9i Nam ti\u1ebfn (s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t trung \u0111o\u00e0n)1. C\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \\\"Ng\u00e0y to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\" v\u00e0o m\u1ed3ng 5-11-1945. T\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c m\u00edt tinh \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n: \\\"B\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u, d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hy sinh m\u1ea5y tri\u1ec7u chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn bao nhi\u00eau n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ec3 cho con ch\u00e1u Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfp n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft hy sinh v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. V\u00ec d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam tin ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng\\\"2. Ng\u00e0y 23-11-1945 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"Ng\u00e0y Nam B\u1ed9\\\". Kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c th\u00f4n x\u00f3m d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00e0i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \\\"\u0110\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c\\\", \\\"N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\", \\\"\u1eedng h\u1ed9 Nam B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\", \\\"Tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\\\"... \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ca, ti\u1ebfng h\u00e1t th\u00f4i th\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra \u0111i s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. C\u00e1c \\\"Ph\u00f2ng Nam B\u1ed9\\\" \u1edd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 s\u01b0, \u0111\u1ebfn ghi t\u00ean t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o Nam chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng d\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Nam ti\u1ebfn \u0111i qua \u0111\u00e3 mang c\u1edd, bi\u1ec3u ng\u1eef ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n, t\u1eb7ng qu\u00e0, b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 1. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: chi \u0111\u1ed9i 1, chi \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1eafc - B\u1eafc v\u00e0 chi \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec1u (c\u00f3 th\u00eam l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh), \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, chi \u0111\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf Nha Trang; chi \u0111\u1ed9i H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, chi \u0111\u1ed9i Thanh H\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i Ki\u1ebfn An, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, chi \u0111\u1ed9i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, trung \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf c\u1ef1c Nam Trung B\u1ed9; chi \u0111\u1ed9i Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh - Ninh B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 chi \u0111\u1ed9i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf Bu\u00f4n Ma Thu\u1ed9t; chi \u0111\u1ed9i Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i v\u00e0 chi \u0111\u1ed9i B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf B\u1eafc S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, D\u1ea7u Ti\u1ebfng, Nam T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean... 2. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 91-92. 51","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, g\u1eedi g\u1eafm t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam. C\u00e1c \u0111om v\u1ecb Nam ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, k\u00ecm ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ng\u00e0y 25-11-1945, Ban ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng ra Chi th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ph\u1ea3i \\\"Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi huy cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9 (ph\u00e1i \u1ee7y vi\u00ean Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Nam Trung B\u1ed9). C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 12-1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00fd l\u1ec7nh c\u1eed m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 do \u00f4ng L\u00ea V\u0103n Hi\u1ebfn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n do \u00f4ng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m \u1ee9a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 2-1946, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c Nam Trung B\u1ed9, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Nam B\u1ed9. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u00e9n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi, h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c cam go. IL B\u1eaeT TAY NGAY V\u00c0O X\u00c2Y D\u1ef1NG \u0110\u1ea4T N\u01af\u1edaC V\u00c0 T\u00ccM C\u00c1CH H\u1ea0N CH\u00c9 CHI\u1ebeN TRANH LAN R\u1ed8NG RA MI\u1ec0N B\u1eaeC C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u01b0a l\u00fac n\u00e0o tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhau ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhu v\u1eady, v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a l\u00fac n\u00e0o ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb th\u00f9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 8. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 31. 52","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. th\u00ec tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u00f2n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c non y\u1ebfu. Nen kinh t\u1ebf ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, b\u1ecb ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 do ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u01a1 v\u00e9t, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu v\u00e0 \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1n. N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u do l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 v\u00e0 b\u1ebf t\u1eafc. H\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng khan hi\u1ebfm. T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t. Kho b\u1ea1c ch\u00ec c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng hom m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n l\u00e8 v\u00e0 r\u00e1ch n\u00e1t. Ng\u1ea7n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n n\u0103m trong tay c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p n\u00ean h\u1ecd v\u1eabn n\u1eafm vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c. N\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ta c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n do \u0111\u1ed3ng \u201cQuan kim\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cQu\u1ed1c t\u1ec7\u201d c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb \u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1945 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, th\u00ec nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ed9t n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 mu\u1ed1n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u1edd mi\u1ec1n Nam th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n d\u00e2n b\u1eaft tay ngay v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Trong v\u00f2ng 4 th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1945, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdp ng\u00f3t 80 phi\u00ean (ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp di\u1ec5n ra ngo\u00e0i gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. 1. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft a. Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i c\u0169 \u0111ang ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh, n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i m\u1edbi \u0111ang c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111e d\u1ecda, trong phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00e0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y 3-9-1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i: \\\"H\u01a1n hai tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3i... Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u00e1t ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3i, nay \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng\\\"1. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7t Minh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 7-8. 53","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi th\u01b0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o nh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1m s\u1ebb \u00e1o cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft: \\\"L\u00fac ch\u00fang ta n\u00e2ng b\u00e1t c\u01a1m \u0103n, ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3i kh\u1ed5, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng. V\u1eady t\u00f4i xin \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u00f4i xin th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc: C\u1ee9 10 ng\u00e0y nh\u1ecbn \u0103n m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa, m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng nh\u1ecbn 3 b\u1eefa. \u0110em g\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3 (m\u1ed7i b\u1eefa m\u1ed9t b\u01a1) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o s\u1ebd c\u00f3 b\u1eefa rau b\u1eefa ch\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd m\u00f9a l\u00faa n\u0103m sau, kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3i... T\u00f4i xin thay m\u1eb7t d\u00e2n ngh\u1ebbo m\u00e0 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o\\\"1. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1c quy\u00ean, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \\\"ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m\\\" nh\u1ecbn \u0103n, l\u1eadp \\\"h\u0169 g\u1ea1o c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i\\\"... H\u01a1n l\u00fac n\u00e0o h\u1ebft, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng cam c\u1ed9ng kh\u1ed5, \u0111\u00f9m b\u1ecdc nhau, \\\"m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng khi \u0111\u1ecfi b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i khi no\\\", c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u01a1i d\u1eady m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7t Minh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp T\u1ed5ng h\u1ed9i c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ban h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5m d\u00f9ng g\u1ea1o v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea5u r\u01b0\u1ee3u, c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00edch tr\u1eef th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o, x\u00f3a b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng g\u1ea1o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y 28-11-1945 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 67\/SL v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \\\"\u01af\u1ef7 ban t\u1ed1i cao ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf\\\" \u0111\u1ec3 lo vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi tham gia v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. C\u00f3 h\u1eb3n m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u00ean lo vi\u1ec7c chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf g\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tinh \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9 ra B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1c li\u1ec7t (t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 23-9-1945), ng\u00f3t 30 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n g\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ra B\u1eafc b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft. Sau \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y ra H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edbng L\u01b0 H\u00e1n tr\u01b0ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea5t2, s\u1ed1 g\u1ea1o 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1ee9. 31. 2. Theo \u0110\u1eb7ng Phong, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ec3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-2000, t\u1eadp 1. Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2002, \u1ee9. 128. 54","Ch\u01b0omg \u1eca. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. chuy\u1ec3n ra B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean chi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \\\"c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u\\\" k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf h\u1eb3n n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecfi, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Trong b\u00e0i \\\"G\u1eedi n\u00f4ng gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\", Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00eau g\u1ecdi: \\\"Hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 hai vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t: c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Nam. \\\"Th\u1ef1c t\u00fac\\\" th\u00ec \\\"binh c\u01b0\u1eddng\\\", c\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3i. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \\\"t\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea5c v\u00e0ng\\\" th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta quy\u1ebft th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i trong hai vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3. T\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t! T\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n g ay !...1. T\u1edd b\u00e1o T\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t do B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra trong to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp \u1ee7 y ban Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Tuy g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng chi kho\u1ea3ng 8 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, tu b\u1ed5 \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u, v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c ch\u1eefa \u0111\u00ea th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu huy \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. \\\"Qu\u1ef9 th\u00f3c ch\u1eefa \u0111\u00ea\\\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp ra tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 ru\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng cho \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa \u0111\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p am hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i tham gia \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c tu b\u1ed5 \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u00e9u. N hi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111a kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebb l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1946, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tu b\u1ed5 \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 ru\u1ed9ng k\u00ea khai nh\u1eefng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1eeba r\u1ed3i cho nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n thi\u1ebfu ru\u1ed9ng m\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c. Ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o thi\u1ebfu ru\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u1ea1i cho h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 mi\u1ec5n thu\u1ebf cho d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb l\u1ee5t; gi\u1ea3m 20% thu\u1ebf ru\u1ed9ng, bu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3m 25% t\u00f4 cho t\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n, m\u1edd ch\u1ee3 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n tr\u00e2u b\u00f2... B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng l\u1eadp S\u1edd Khuy\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u0129 thu\u1eadt canh t\u00e1c cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Trong khi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 l\u00faa, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng hoa m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 114-115. 55","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecfi trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 gi\u00e1p h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1edd hoa m\u00e0u. N\u0103m 1946 \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, v\u1ee5 l\u00faa chi\u00eam \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng h\u01a1n v\u1ee5 chi\u00eam n\u0103m 1945 kho\u1ea3ng 100.000 t\u1ea5n, v\u1ee5 m\u00f9a tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 890.000ha, \u0111\u1ea1t s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1.155.000 t\u1ea5n l\u00faa. N\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea7n. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 \\\"m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\\\"1. Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p, giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i... C\u00e1c m\u1ecf than \u1edf Tuy\u00ean Quang, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Ninh B\u00ecnh, m\u1ecf thi\u1ebfc T\u0129nh T\u00fac (Cao B\u1eb1ng), Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa xe l\u1eeda Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi (Vinh)... \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c d\u1ea7n. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c kinh doanh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7, h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kinh doanh theo lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0a gu\u1ed3ng m\u00e1y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n \u0111ang h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c r\u1ec7u r\u00e3 v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi. b. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e0u kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c n\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kho b\u1ea1c sau khi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 tay nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n bu\u1ed9c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 quy\u00ean g\u00f3p trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0y 4-9-1945, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed5 4\/SL quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1eadp Qu\u1ef9 \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp2 nh\u1eb1m \\\"thu nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c m\u00f3n ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng quy\u00ean gi\u00fap Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia\\\"3. 1. B\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, ng\u00e0y 5-9-1946. 2. \u00d4ng \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u00ecnh Thi\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch Qu\u1ef9 \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. 3. C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, s\u1ed1 1 n\u0103m 1945, tr. 5. 56","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. C\u1ee5 Ng\u00f4 T\u1eed H\u1ea1 c\u00f9ng k\u00e9o chi\u1ebfc xe quy\u00ean g\u00f3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i g\u1ea1o trong Ng\u00e0y c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i n\u0103m 1945 Ngu\u1ed3n: L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-2000, T\u1eadp \u1ec9 (1945-1954). Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2002, tr. 129. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 ph\u1ee7, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Ngu\u1ed3n: L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-2000, T\u1eadp 1 (1945-1954). Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2002, tr. 157. 57","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \\\"Tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 v\u00e0ng\\\" (t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 16-9-1945) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eb1m k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f2n g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1eefong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec1u b\u00e0o \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng Qu\u1ef9 \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 Tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 v\u00e0ng. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c l\u1ea1ng v\u00e0ng. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ec9nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfc nh\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f4i khuy\u00ean tai c\u0169ng h\u0103ng h\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n ra b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 v\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra. Qu\u1ef9 \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 Tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 v\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 370kg v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 20 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng1. Ngo\u00e0i ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n hi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, ru\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1eddn, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trang tr\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u. \u00d4ng L\u00ea V\u0103n Hi\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \\\"Nh\u00ecn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, d\u00e2n r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u1ea5t qu\u00fd, n\u00ean d\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t h\u0103ng h\u00e1i... N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e2n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng ph\u00e8 ph\u1ee1n, \u0103n tr\u00ean ng\u1ed3i tr\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng qu\u1ef9 b\u1eeba b\u00e3i, l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 d\u00e2n h\u0103ng h\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Cho n\u00ean thanh li\u00eam, kh\u00f4ng tham \u00f4, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t quan \u1eeb\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thu n\u1eefa\\\"2. V\u1eeba huy \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n thu \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thu chi h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1ebf, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y 7-9-1945, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ban h\u00e0nh s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 11\/SL v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda 1. C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, s\u1ed1 12, ng\u00e0y 1-12-1945. 2. L\u00ea V\u0103n Hi\u1ebfn, \\\"Nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 v\u00e0ng\\\", T\u1ea1p chi Th\u1ecb tru\u1eddng v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, s\u1ed1 9- 1990, tr. 22. 58","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu\u1ebf. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5. S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed5 27\/SL ng\u00e0y 10-9-1945 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp S\u1edf thu\u1ebf quan v\u00e0 thu\u1ebf gi\u00e1n thu. Nha thu\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c thu, Nha thu\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1, thu\u1ebf c\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n, thu\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1n th\u1ed5... c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Ng\u00e0y 1-11-1945, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ban h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 341quy \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00f3a b\u00f2 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c hay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p ban h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1903 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch trong ng\u00e0nh thu\u1ebf; t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean trong ng\u00e0nh thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 11 (ng\u00e0y 7-9-1945), Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e3i b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf th\u00e2n. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ban h\u00e0nh th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh b\u00e3i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 kinh doanh nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0 b\u00e3i b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf m\u00f4n b\u00e0i ch\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1edbi 50 \u0111\u1ed3ng, mi\u1ec5n h\u1eb3n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ph\u1ee5 thu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4n b\u00e0i tr\u00ean (S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh ng\u00e0y 27-9-1945), b\u00e3i b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf th\u1ed5 tr\u1ea1ch (S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 15 ng\u00e0y 30-1-1946), b\u00e3i b\u1ecf thu\u1ebf xe tay, xe \u0111\u1ea1p (Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 301-TC ng\u00e0y 4-4-1946), gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1n th\u1ed5 20%... V i\u1ec7c b\u00e1n thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p coi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n thu ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch th\u00ec b\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m h\u1eb3n. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng ban h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1ebf c\u0169 v\u1ed1n nh\u1eb9 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u, n\u1eb7ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh nh\u1ecf. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ebf m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t gi\u00e1n thu \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xa xi nh\u01b0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u ngo\u1ea1i. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thu t\u1eeb thu\u1ebf, do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0ng thu, tr\u01b0ng d\u1ee5ng, tr\u01b0ng t\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n k\u00edp2. 1, 2. S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 9, ng\u00e0y 6-9-1945 c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5; s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 68, ng\u00e0y 30-11-1945 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc. Xem C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o s\u1ed1 1-1945, tr. 7 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 13-1945, tr. 1. 59","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam ngu\u1ed3n thu cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau quy\u1ec1n khai th\u00e1c kinh doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng - V\u00e2n Nam m\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1901 v\u1ed1n thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty xe l\u1eeda V\u00e2n Nam, giao cho B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i - S\u00e0i G\u00f2n (v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p). C\u00e1c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n do nh\u00e0 binh Ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c khu m\u1ecf t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec1u, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Tr\u00e0 My, N\u00f4ng S\u01a1n, Khe B\u1ed1, v.v... T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, chi trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu\u1ebf kh\u00f3a m\u1edbi, n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n thu cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c thu v\u00e0 chi ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a non tr\u1ebb. C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m 1945 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfm Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt canh gi\u1eef v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. Ngay tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 tranh ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa Ph\u00e1p (\u0111ang n\u1eafm gi\u1eef Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch. Sau c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh, ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1945, t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n chi ph\u00ed cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Hoa, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n Trung Hoa sang ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1edd B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1945, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Trung Hoa \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edd chi nh\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Ph\u00eda Trung Hoa \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p g\u1ed3m 4 \u0111i\u1ec3m: - Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1p - Hoa \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n Quan kim (Gold Unit) v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 600.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ng\u00e0y; - Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng cung c\u1ea5p 40 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Hoa l\u00e0m chi ph\u00ed qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1; - S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 50 Quan kim; 60","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. - Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Hoa v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thanh to\u00e1n. Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Hoa. Jean Laurent, Ph\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u1ebfu \\\"Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi nh\u00e1nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec1n sang tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec s\u1ebd thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho kinh t\u1ebf Ph\u00e1p hom m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng\\\"1. C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 chi c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Hoa m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Minh trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u \u1eebanh ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p. T\u01b0\u1edbng Alessandri t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Cao \u1ee7y Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chi 45 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Hoa qua Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eb1m th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n Ph\u00e1p - Hoa, ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p g\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Nam \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00fat nhanh kh\u1ecfi B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. Ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1945, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Hoa tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 11 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n Quan kim sang ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Hoa v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u1ecb d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0omg t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u01b0ng theo ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1p - Hoa \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c, khi\u1ebfn Chu Khi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u01a1i, thay th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1p - Hoa b\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Trung Hoa v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u00ec c\u00f3 189.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i trong khi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 600.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng2. 1. M. Meuleau d\u1eabn trong L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (1875-1975) Paris, 1990. D\u1ea7n theo Lin Hua: 'Tranh ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam sau ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d; T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed X\u01b0a v\u00e0 Nay, s\u1ed1 219, 9-2004, tr. 7. 2. M. Meuleau d\u1eabn trong L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (1875-1975) Paris, 1990. D\u1ea7n theo Lin Hua: \\\"Tranh ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam sau ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\\\"; T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed X\u01b0a v\u00e0 Nay, s\u1ed1 219, 9-2004, tr. 8. 61","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo nh\u1eefng t\u1edd s\u00e9c do ng\u00e2n kh\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n sang. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn 23-10-1945, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n cho Ng\u00e2n kh\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed5 ti\u1ec1n l\u00e0 22 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng t\u1edd l\u1ec7nh chi ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n kh\u1ed1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi, m\u1ec7nh gi\u00e1 100 \u0111\u1ed3ng, tung ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u1eebng t\u1edd b\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. (Ch\u00ednh ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Ph\u00e1p sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i mang ti\u1ec1n m\u1edbi sang \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n c\u0169 th\u00ec m\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c). Sau khi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm Nam B\u1ed9, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 22-10-1945, gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n cho Ng\u00e2n kh\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u1eefa. Ng\u00e0y 17-11-1945, \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D'Argenlieu, Cao \u1ee7y Ph\u00e1p \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 hu\u1ef7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c m\u1ec7nh gi\u00e1 500 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 in Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p (9-3-1945) \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tr\u1edd l\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n (23-9-1945). L\u00fd do ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n m\u1ec7nh gi\u00e1 500 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng in tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y 9-3-1945 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \\\"t\u1ea9y u\u1ebf\\\" n\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed5i chi b\u1eb1ng 70% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n 7 ng\u00e0y (t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 9-11 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 15-11-1945). H\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n g\u1ea5p r\u00fat nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed5ng xa th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u1ecf m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ecbp. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p s\u1edf h\u1eefu nhi\u1ec1u t\u1edd 500 \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. B\u1ed9 chi huy qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Trung Hoa tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed3ng 500 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong khu v\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ecd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng 500 trong v\u00f9ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n Quan kim sang ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n m\u1ec7nh gi\u00e1 500 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 62","Ch\u01b0cmg \u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. 627 tri\u1ec7u, trong \u0111\u00f3 200 tri\u1ec7u in \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, 250 tri\u1ec7u do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt in, 177 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Minh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Hoa n\u1eafm gi\u1eef 1\/3 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y (kho\u1ea3ng 200 tri\u1ec7u). Ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hu\u1ef7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed3ng 500 nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb. Ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 11, nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch Trung Hoa g\u1eedi c\u00f4ng v\u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng Sainteny, n\u00eau r\u00f5: 1\/ Vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng 500 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu chi nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng khai s\u1ed1 s\u00ea-ri \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef ti\u1ec1n n\u1ed9p cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trong khi ch\u1edd thanh to\u00e1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt; 2\/ \u0110\u1ed3ng 500 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 27% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh (2,7 t\u1ef7), vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau ch\u00fang s\u1ebd g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n; 3\/ Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Hoa kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 n\u1ebfu ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n h\u1eb1ng th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 15 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i sang ti\u1ec1n Quan kim v\u00e0 hu\u1ef3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 11 (thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed3ng 500). Ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 11, theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ncri \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuycn t\u1eeb N g\u00e2n h\u1ea3ng Trung Iloa sang Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i cho r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i hom. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 bao v\u00e2y Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f2i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n. Tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 11, \u0110\u00e0i Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111i \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed3ng 500 \u1edf Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y 26-11-1945, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thu \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p. L\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 1.453.275 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i sang 968.850 \u0111\u1ed3ng Quan kim. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u Ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec1u, \u00f4ng Sainteny, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9. Vi\u1ec7c thu v\u00e0 hu\u1ef7 gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed3ng 500 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1945, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed5i 63","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam 7 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa 6 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p 2 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho n\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1c Quan kim v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh mang v\u00e0o t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1945. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi cho ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 trong ph\u1ea1m vi trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u1edfng1. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 1,5 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng 1 \u0111\u1ed3ng Quan kim v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng 13,3 \u0111\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ec7 (t\u1ee9c 1 \u0111\u1ed3ng Quan kim b\u1eb1ng 20 \u0111\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ec7). Kho b\u1ea1c, b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n, thu\u1ebf quan Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n Quan kim. Vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n Trung Hoa. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Quan kim nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb t\u1ee5t gi\u00e1. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ti\u1ec1n Quan kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4n Minh - H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf. C\u00f3 chuy\u1ebfn bay \u0111\u00e3 mang theo 60 tri\u1ec7u Quan kim. \u0110\u1ed3ng Quan kim m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00ean thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh h\u1ebft. T\u01b0\u1edbng L\u01b0 H\u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u1ea5y 4.500 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1eebong khi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam chi c\u1ecf 2.172 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng2. T\u01b0\u1edbng L\u01b0 H\u00e1n c\u00f2n t\u1ef1 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed5i 14\/1. M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \\\"T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee3 \u0111en \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\"3. Chi sau khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam theo Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh 28-2-1946 v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6-3-1946, g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u00e0y m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00fat b\u1ecf. 1. C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, ng\u00e0y 6-10-1945. 2. Theo \u0110\u1eb7ng Phong, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ec3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. . S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 155. 3. A. Patti, T\u1ea1i sao Vi\u1ec7t Nam? Nxb. \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng, 1995, tr. 288. 64","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. T\u1eeb khi Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eebng cung c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec1n, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u00ed m\u1eadt. B\u1ed1n h\u1ecda s\u0129 t\u1eebng h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u1ebd m\u1eabu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1edd b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a1. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 mua hai chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y in ti\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng Taupin, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng Extr\u00eame - Orient, v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng gi\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y \u0110\u00e1p c \u1ea7 u \u0111\u1ec3 in ti\u1ec1n. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1945, lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c 5 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 10 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in. Ti\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m lo\u1ea1i 2 h\u00e0o v\u00e0 5 h\u00e0o c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eadp. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 76\/TC c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0y 1-12-1945 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng 2 h\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 156\/TC ng\u00e0y 21-1-1946 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed3ng 5 h\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m. Hai \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1n khan hi\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n l\u00e8 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n r\u00e1ch n\u00e1t tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n gi\u1ea5y in \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ebft v\u00e0o Nam Trung B\u1ed9. S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 18 B\/SL ng\u00e0y 31-1-1946 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do Nam Trung B\u1ed9 t\u1eeb v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 \u1eeb\u1edf v\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 2 T\u1ebft B\u00ednh Tu\u1ea5t 1946. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed3 h\u1edfi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n g\u1ecdi ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u00e0 \\\"gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 H\u1ed3\\\". Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111em ti\u1ec1n \u0110 \u1ecfng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 H\u1ed5. Ch\u00ednh ph\u00fa quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed5i ngang gi\u00e1. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nam Trung B\u1ed9 c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 chi ti\u00eau. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 mua nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng trong v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn sau n\u00e0y. c. Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i N\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p, giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m sa s\u00fat nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i con 1. B\u1ed1n h\u1ecda s\u0129 l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ed7 Cung, Mai V\u0103n Hi\u1ebfn, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Khanh, Nguy\u1ec5n Huy\u1ebfn. Theo b\u00e1o Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng, ng\u00e0y 20-2-2005. 65","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 S\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u00e0nh m\u00f2 n\u0103m 1940 c\u00f3 39.500 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945 chi c\u00f2n 4.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n h\u01a1n 1\/10 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u0103m 1940, c\u00e1c m\u1ecf k\u1ebdm, thi\u1ebfc, s\u1eaft, ph\u1ed1t - ph\u00e1t khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 74.490 t\u1ea5n, n\u0103m 1945 ch\u00ec khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8.967 t\u1ea5n. M\u1ee9c khai th\u00e1c than ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1\/10, t\u1eeb 2.500.000 t\u1ea5n s\u1ee5t xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 231.000 t\u1ea5n. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng b\u1ecb t\u00ea li\u1ec7t. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt chi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c n\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb m\u00e1y bay c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng minh n\u00e9m bom l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 c\u0169, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, do chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, sa th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, thu h\u1ed3i v\u1ed1n. v\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec c\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb t\u00ea li\u1ec7t. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1n, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a khan hi\u1ebfm. Hom n\u1eefa, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1943, \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng phong t\u1ecfa to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f9ng tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt n\u00ean xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7. Giao l\u01b0u bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n gi\u1eefa hai mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc - Nam c\u0169ng b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00faa g\u1ea1o mi\u1ec1n Nam kh\u00f4ng ch\u1edf ra B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, than \u0111\u00e1 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p cho mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c1. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khan hi\u1ebfm h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1 l\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta sau khi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, tnr\u1ecfc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 tu b\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh, tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n l\u1edbn trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0103n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Trong b\u00e0i \\\"Nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c\\\" \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c s\u1ed1 91, ng\u00e0y 14-11-1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh vi\u1ebft: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t 1. \u0110\u1eb7ng Phong, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 158. 66","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0: ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft ngo\u1ea1i giao, ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf, ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. V\u1eady ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mong r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ta ai c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ea1i s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng h\u00e0ng h\u00e1i gi\u00fap \u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 th\u00ec xin g\u1eedi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7...\\\"1. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng2. T\u1ef3 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i (chi\u1ebfm 11%) ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 2-10-1945, thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0 xin gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n kinh doanh3. Song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c doanh. C\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf4 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 hu\u1ef7 b\u1ecf. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n t\u00ecm m\u1ecf v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edd v\u1eabn t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. C\u00e1c m\u00f3 than \u1edf H\u00f2n Gai (Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh), T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o (Tuy\u00ean Quang), L\u00e0ng c\u1ea9m v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea5n M\u1ec5 (Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean), Quy\u1ebft Th\u1eafng (Ninh B\u00ecnh) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edf l\u1ea1i. M\u1ecf thi\u1ebfc T\u0129nh T\u00fac (Cao B\u1eb1ng) b\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt chi\u1ebfm t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3-1945 v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi r\u00fat ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nay ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed Tru\u00f2mg Thi, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, chuy\u00ean ch\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y v\u00e0 toa 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 99. 2. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111a d\u1eabn, tr. 49. 3. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n. C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o 1945, tr. 23. 4. \u1ede Khu \u0110\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec1u (Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 30-5-1913 v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ecb\u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 16-2- 1918); \u1edf Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean (Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 18-11-1918); \u1edf Tr\u00e0 My (Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 28-11-1937); \u1edf N\u00f4ng S\u01a1n (Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 24-1-1943); \u1edf Khe B\u1ed1 (Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 16-11-1944). 67","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 xe l\u1eeda, b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng do bom t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 2-1944, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y \u0110\u00e1p c \u1ea7 u b\u1ecb M\u1ef9 n\u00e9m bom th\u00e1ng 7-1945, ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng ra t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. (Khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 m\u00e1y, b\u00ed m\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Th\u1ee5). \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng - V\u00e2n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i' v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf. Ng\u00e0y 5-9-1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 7\/SL v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ef1 do bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 2-10-1945, n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 Trung B\u1ed9. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00edch tr\u1eef g\u1ea1o; ai vi ph\u1ea1m s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u1eed theo qu\u00e2n lu\u1eadt, b\u1ecb t\u1ecbch thu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. Trong hai th\u00e1ng 9 v\u00e0 10-1945, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi ban h\u00e0nh th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, nh\u01b0 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 26-9-1945 v\u1ec1 nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 d\u1ea7u, Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 2-10-1945 v\u1ec1 da tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u da... Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a m\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00edch tr\u1eef, ch\u1ee3 \u0111en, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a (nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng) d\u00e0n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 \u00edt. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f2n k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n c\u1ea7n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh. Ng\u00e0y 6-10-1945, Nha Th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ee5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. 1. S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 5, ng\u00e0y 15-1-1946. 68","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1eca. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn cho ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kinh doanh nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Ngay t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 9-10-1945 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"C\u00e1c h\u00e3ng k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh nh\u01b0 c\u0169\\\", \\\"V\u00ec n\u1ec1n tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng ban chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3\\\"1. Li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0ng thu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 c\u01a1 s\u1edd nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y luy\u1ec7n kim H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng Air France. Song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u00e0y 1-10-1945, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ra Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng. Do ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp in c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tem b\u01b0u ch\u00ednh m\u1edbi n\u00ean Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a\\\" l\u00ean tem c\u0169 (tem Nam Giao) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh Tem 1 h\u00e0o h\u00e1n th\u00e0nh 5 \u0111\u1ed3ng, tem 6 h\u00e0o h\u00e1n th\u00e0nh 10 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 b\u00e3i b\u1ecf S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 13-8-1941 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n cho h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. Ng\u00e0y 9-11-1945, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ra Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 48 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh doanh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n kinh doanh xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. Do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, ng\u00e0y 9-10-1945, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c. 1. C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u0103m 1945, s\u1ed1 4, tr. 34-35. 69","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1i, Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 92\/TC c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0y 11-12-1945 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5, mu\u1ed1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng v\u00e0o H\u00e0i Ph\u00f2ng, ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1n cho S\u1edf Thu\u1ebf quan theo gi\u00e1 mua \u1edf v\u00f9ng mu\u1ed1i V\u0103n L\u00fd (Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh). Mu\u1ed1i mua l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a S\u1edf Thu\u1ebf quan ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 thu\u1ebf nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf kh\u00e1c. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1eeda kh\u1ea9u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb phong t\u1ecfa ho\u1eb7c n\u0103m trong tay qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e2n Anh. C\u1eeda kh\u1ea9u L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, sau l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edbng L\u01b0 H\u00e1n kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf. C\u1ea3ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng b\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n L\u01b0 H\u00e1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u1edf H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. C\u00e0ng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n n\u1eb1m trong tay qu\u00e2n Anh v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p. Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quan t\u00e2m. c \u1ea7 u c\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 18 chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 hom 300km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ecfng, \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n, bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \\\"t\u0103ng bo\\\" (transbordement) khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. G\u1ea7n 500km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 60 chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ecfng. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. Xe l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb B\u1eafc v\u00e0o Nam v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, chi c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \\\"t\u0103ng bo\\\" \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u Ninh B\u00ecnh, \u0110\u00f2 L\u00e8n, \u0110\u00f2 c\u1ea5m , Y\u00ean Xu\u00e2n1. B\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng sau, c\u1ea7u Y\u00ean Xu\u00e2n d\u00e0i 420 m\u00e9t, c\u1ea7u Ninh B\u00ecnh d\u00e0i 203 m\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa xong B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh c\u1eed c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch lo vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef3. Ng\u00e0y 3-10-1945, \u1ee7 y ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Ng\u00e0y 13-12-1945 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Nha h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y (c\u1ea3 s\u00f4ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n). 1. B\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, ng\u00e0y 14-9-1945. 70","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. S\u1edb H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb d\u1ea7n cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng. v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia do qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u. Sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m 1945, ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n, nh\u1edd kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u1edbi S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1946, kho\u1ea3ng 4.000km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda xong. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 thay th\u1ebf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p trong to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh B\u01b0u ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi 115 B\u01b0u c\u1ee5c. Kh\u00f4ng chi t\u1eadp trung kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t, m\u00e0 ngay sau ng\u00e0y th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ea1ch k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c. Ng\u00e0y 6-9-1945 l\u1eadp \u1ee7 y ban t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, huy \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9. Ng\u00e0y 14-11-1945, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh k\u00fd Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 126 m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng C\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. 2. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n l\u00e2m th\u1eddi trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp sau th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m. Ng\u00e0y 28-8-1945, \u1eed y ban D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb l\u00e0 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh trong \u1eed y ban D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n r\u00fat ra \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eddi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n s\u0129 tham gia Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 15 v\u1ecb:1 1. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch ki\u00eam Ngo\u1ea1i giao: H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh; 2. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5: V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p; 3. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Th\u00f4ng tin tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n: Tr\u00e0n Huy Li\u1ec7u; 4. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng: Chu V\u0103n T\u1ea5n; 1. Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u0103m 1945, ng\u00e0y 29-9-1945. 71","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 5. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Thanh ni\u00ean: D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec1n; 6. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c gia: Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh H\u00e0; 7. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 C\u1ee9u t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u1ed1; 8. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 ph\u00e1p: V\u0169 Tr\u1ecdng Kh\u00e1nh; 9. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh: \u0110\u00e0o Tr\u1ecdng Kim; 10. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng: L\u00ea V\u0103n Hi\u1ebfn; 11. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf: Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch; 12. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh: Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng; 13. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c gia Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c: V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh Ho\u00e8; 14. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef b\u1ed9 n\u00e0o: C\u00f9 Huy C\u1eadn; 15. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef b\u1ed9 n\u00e0o: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Xu\u00e2n. Trong phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp ng\u00e0y 14-11-1945, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp th\u00eam B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng, c\u1eed \u00f4ng C\u00f9 Huy C\u1eadn l\u00e0m B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp thu b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i th\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ba k\u1ef3, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c tinh, huy\u1ec7n, x\u00e3, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ban b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh b\u00e3i b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan thu\u1ed9c Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 75 ng\u00e0y 17-12-1945 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00f3i r\u00f5: \\\"... cho t\u1edbi khi c\u00f3 l\u1ec7nh m\u1edbi, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c t\u00f2ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1edf trong to\u00e0n c\u00f5i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u coi nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb tr\u01b0ng t\u1eadp. Tr\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean cho ph\u00e9p nghi vi\u1ec7c, c\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c 72","Ch\u01b0omg I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean b\u1ed5 d\u1ee5ng \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111i nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c ngay \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3\\\"1. B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf, h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng sau khi nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ngay c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n m\u00ecnh. Do v\u1eady, sau khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u00edt b\u1ecb x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u0169 b\u1ecb x\u1ecfa b\u1ecf, \u1ee7 y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi v\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. \u1ede B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 \u1edd Trung K\u1ef3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau, c\u00f2n \u1edf Nam K\u1ef3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169, sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, nhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi n\u1ea9y sinh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1edbi. \u1ede Trang \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u1ee7 y ban Qu\u1ef9 \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, Tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 v\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, Ti\u1ec3u ban Canh n\u00f4ng lo vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \\\"T\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea5c v\u00e0ng\\\", \u1ee7 y ban \\\"M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng binh s\u0129\\\" lo vi\u1ec7c trang b\u1ecb qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i. Lo vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 Ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 T\u1ed1ng tuy\u00e9n c\u1eed, Ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p. Theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y 14-11-1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 64\/SL ng\u00e0y 23-11-1945 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t Ban Thanh tra \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Theo s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 80\/SL ng\u00e0y 31-12-1945, c\u1ee5 B\u00f9i B\u1eb1ng \u0110o\u00e0n, nguy\u00ean Ch\u00e1nh nh\u1ea5t t\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea9m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u00f4ng C\u00f9 Huy C\u1eadn, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed v\u00e0o Ban Thanh tra \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Ban Thanh tra \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n khi\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee7 y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n hay c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. \u1ee7 y ban n\u00e0y c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9c, n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft t\u1ea1m giam b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean n\u00e0o 1. Theo C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, s\u1ed1 16, ng\u00e0y 29-12-1945. 73","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 trong \u1ee7 y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n hay \u1eebong Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u00ecnh H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 hay t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t x\u1eed. \u1ee7 y ban nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp theo s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh 78 ng\u00e0y 31-12-1945 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t \u1ee9i\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1ee7 y ban n\u00e0y t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edbi 40 v\u1ecb nh\u00e2n s\u0129, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng: Phan Anh, Tr\u1ecbnh V\u0103n B\u00ednh, C\u00f9 Huy C\u1eadn, Kha V\u1ea1ng C\u00e2n, \u0110inh Quang Chi\u1ec3u, Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u00f9i B\u1eb1ng \u0110o\u00e0n, Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng, Ho\u00e0ng Minh Gi\u00e1m, V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh H\u00e0, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n, V\u0169 V\u00e0n Hi\u1ec1n, Ph\u1ea1m Kh\u1eafc Ho\u00e8, Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fa H\u1eefu, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy\u00ean, H\u1ed3 T\u00e1 Khanh, V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Khu\u00ea, c\u00f4 T\u00e2m K\u00ednh, Phan T\u1eed L\u0103ng, H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Li\u00ean, Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Long, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Luy\u1ec7n, \u0110\u1eb7ng Thai Mai, Nguy\u1ec5n Huy M\u1ea7n, Phan M\u1ef9, Ho\u00e0ng H\u1eefu Nam, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u00ecnh Nam, Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u01b0 Qu\u00fd, L\u00ea H\u1eefu S\u01a1n, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ecdng Tam, Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u1ec1u, \u0110\u1eb7ng Ph\u00fac Th\u00f4ng, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u1ee5, Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ea1o Thu\u00fd, b\u00e0 V\u0129nh Thu\u1ef5, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Tr\u00ed, V\u0103n V\u00f5 V\u00e0n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, theo s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 04\/SL ng\u00e0y 14-1-1946, \u1ee7 y ban \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam 10 v\u1ecb n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o Duy Anh, L\u00ea Dung, Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edbng, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u0103ng Khoa, \u0110\u1eb7ng Xu\u00e2n Khu, Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ec7u L\u00e2u, Nguy\u1ec5n Cao Luy\u1ec7n, B\u00f9i C\u00f4ng Tr\u1eebng, Nghi\u00eam Xu\u00e2n Y\u00eam. \u1ee7 y ban nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft do Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, \u1ee7 y ban c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n giao thi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c l\u0169ih v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n. Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n sang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng khai, n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edbi b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c linh ho\u1ea1t Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u0169 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p, Nh\u1eadt, quan l\u1ea1i trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 74","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. h\u1ecd c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9, c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ngay sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao n\u1eafm gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu trong ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi; \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 V\u0129nh Thu\u1ef5: c \u1ed1 v\u1ea5n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7; Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng: quy\u1ec1n Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc; B\u00f9i B\u1eb1ng \u0110o\u00e0n: Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i; Phan Anh: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng; Phan Ke To\u1ea1i: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5; Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh H\u00e0: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n kinh t\u1ebf; Nghi\u00eam Xu\u00e2n Y\u00eam: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Canh n\u00f4ng; D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec1n: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Thanh ni\u00ean; Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u1ed1: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u1ee9u t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i; \u0110\u00e0o Tr\u1ecdng Kim v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u0103ng Khoa: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh; V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh Ho\u00e8: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, sau l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u01b0 ph\u00e1p; Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy\u00ean: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c; \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u1ee9c D\u1ee5c: Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c; Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Y t\u1ebf; \u0110\u1eb7ng Ph\u00fac Th\u00f4ng: Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh; Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n B\u1ea1ch: Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Nam B\u1ed9; Kha V\u1ea1ng C\u00e2n: Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh S\u00e0i G\u00f2n; Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c: tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh; Ph\u1ea1m Kh\u1eafc Ho\u00e8: Ch\u00e1nh V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5;... C\u1ea3 hai ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho nhau nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t y\u1ebfu. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 m\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed, b\u1ea7u ra Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eadp n\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p t\u00f2 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. a. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec3n Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u00e0y 3-9-1945, trong phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c 75","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0u phi\u1ebfu. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00f3i: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng hay cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u1ebfu. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n g\u00e1i trai m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u1ee9ng c\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, d\u00f2ng gi\u1ed1ng...\\\"1. Ng\u00e0y 8-9-1945, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5 V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p thay m\u1eb7t Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a k\u00fd S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 14-SL, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n hai th\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y k\u00fd S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi c\u00f2n x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ban h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0: - S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 34-SL ng\u00e0y 20-9-1945 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7 y ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p g\u1ed3m 7 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean (H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, V\u0129nh Thu\u1ef5, \u0110\u1eb7ng Thai Mai, V\u0169 Tr\u1ecdng Kh\u00e1nh, L\u00ea V\u0103n Hi\u1ebfn, Nguy\u1ec5n L\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eb1ng, \u0110\u1eb7ng Xu\u00e2n Khu); - S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 39-SL ng\u00e0y 26-9-1945 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7 y ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7 cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed g\u1ed3m 9 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi; - S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 51-SL ng\u00e0y 17-10-1945 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7 cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo l\u1ed1i ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u1ebfu, b\u1ea7u c\u1eed tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y b\u1ea7u c\u1eed chung cho c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc; - S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 71-SL ng\u00e0y 2-12-1945 b\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u 11 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 51 nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra \u1ee9ng c\u1eed; T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 8. 76","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00eau r\u00f5: \\\"T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n t\u1ef1 do l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. Trong cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed, h\u1ec5 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n lo vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ra \u1ee9ng c\u1eed, h\u1ec5 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111i b\u1ea7u c\u1eed. Kh\u00f4ng chia trai g\u00e1i, gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng, giai c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i, h\u1ec5 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hai quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, cho n\u00ean T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng; t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft. Do T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed m\u00e0 to\u00e0n d\u00e2n b\u1ea7u ra Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd c\u1eed ra Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n...\\\"1. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t m\u1edbi m\u1ebb v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. M\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra \u1ee9ong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp trong n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f2i ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9, \u0111\u00f2i x\u00f3a h\u00f2 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Uy han nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f2i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef 1\/3 s\u1ed1 gh\u1ebf trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 sau: B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5, B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, B\u1ed9 Thanh ni\u00ean. H\u1ecd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Minh c\u0169ng chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef 1\/3 s\u1ed1 gh\u1ebf trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u00eau s\u00e1ch phi l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u00e0 kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e0ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00fat v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ea3ng. Ng\u00e0y 11-11-1945, Ban ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng h\u1ecdp h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 ra 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 133. 77","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \\\"t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n\\\". Th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o n\u00eau r\u00f5: \\\"... \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 tan t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m \u1edf ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u1edd trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edd ng\u1ea1i cho ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0\\\", c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin th\u00ec s\u1ebd gia nh\u1eadp \\\"H\u1ed9i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng\\\"1. Tuy tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn n\u1eafm gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y 25-11-1945 Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n Chi th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u1edbn trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1eef v\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n: c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng; ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u00e0i tr\u1eeb n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. B\u1ea3n Chi th\u1ecb n\u00eau r\u1ed7: \\\"Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n Anh, T\u00e0u can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ta n\u1eefa.... \u1ede \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 lan ra nhi\u1ec1u tinh Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u00e0i tinh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Trung B\u1ed9, v\u00e0i t\u00ecnh \u1edf Ai Lao v\u00e0 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Nam B\u1ed9 - Cao Mi\u00ean. M\u1eb7t tr\u1ed9n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c \u1edd \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Tuy qu\u00e2n ta ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hay tinh l\u1ef5 \u1edd Nam B\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i chung, tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eabn cao... Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d2. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \\\"D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u00ean h\u1ebft\\\", \\\"T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean h\u1ebft\\\". \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng cam k\u1ebft c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc tr\u00ean t\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, nh\u1eb1m 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 8. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 19-20. 2. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 8. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 23-26. 78","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed b\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. B\u1ea3n k\u00fd k\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 23-12-1945 gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Minh, Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch c\u00f3 14 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee51. C\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng k\u00edch l\u1eabn nhau, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 ra 70 gh\u1ebf c\u00f9a Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea7u c\u1eed. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed. Ng\u00e0y 1-1-1946, Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p l\u00e2m th\u1eddi. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra m\u1eaft t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 danh s\u00e1ch Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch ki\u00eam B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1eabn l\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ea3i Th\u1ea7n (Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch) l\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n Kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Long (Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c), B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00ecnh Tri (Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c). C\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c trong Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p l\u00e2m th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u00f9a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p l\u00e2m th\u1eddi l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed, b\u00e0u ra Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 chu\u1ea3n b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t d\u1ed9ng c\u00f9a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00ean hi\u1ec7p l\u00e2m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eeb trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. B\u1ea3n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p do \u1ee7 y ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o, sau khi tr\u00ecnh H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ec3 to\u00e0n d\u00e2n b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c, g\u00f3p \u00fd. Ng\u00e0y 5-1-1946, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ra L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0111i b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i: \\\"Ng\u00e0y mai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y vui s\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ta, vi ng\u00e0y mai l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed, v\u00ec ng\u00e0y mai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 519 -521. 79","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Ng\u00e0y mai d\u00e2n ta s\u1ebd t\u1ecf cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam r\u1eb1ng: v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn qu\u0103n s\u1ef1, th\u00ec c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 d\u00f9ng s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n m\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n th\u00f9. v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, th\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n d\u00f9ng l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu m\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch. M\u1ed9t l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n\\\"1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111i b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 do l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng thay m\u1eb7t cho m\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Hom n\u1eefa \u0111i b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u00f2n t\u1ecf cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Ng\u00e0y 6-1-1946, cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed b\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f3a I c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam t\u00fac. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh trong khi l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed2. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 90% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u1eed tri \u0111i b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. C\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea7u 333 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u, 87% s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, 10 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u n\u1eef v\u00e0 34 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong s\u1ed1 333 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u, c\u00f3 57% s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c nhau, 43% \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i n\u00e0o. Cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed ng\u00e0y 6-1-1946 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n khai m\u1ea1c k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f3a I n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed l\u00e0 \u201ck\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hy sinh, tranh \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ta, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft anh d\u0169ng ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam ta... kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 gi\u00e0 tr\u1ebb, l\u1edbn b\u00e9, bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u00ean b\u1edd c\u00f5i 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 145. 2. Theo cu\u1ed1n \u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ri\u00eang \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn c\u00f3 42 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hy sinh. 80","Ch\u01b0cmg I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i hy sinh kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 nguy hi\u1ec3m tranh l\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c\u201d 1. Sau cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed 6-1-1946, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch l\u1edbn. \u1ede B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb V\u00e2n Nam k\u00e9o v\u00e0o Lai Ch\u00e2u, Tu\u1ea7n Gi\u00e1o, \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111ang th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1eddng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i trong hai ph\u00e1i Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y s\u1ee9c \u00e9p \u0111\u00f2i gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p l\u00e2m th\u1eddi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 1-1-1946 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ngay Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1edd Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp. \u0110\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 cho Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp ng\u00e0y 7-1-1946, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 3-3-1946. M\u1ed9t \u1ee7y ban v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"U\u1ef7 ban tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb khai m\u1ea1c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i\\\" \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 hai ti\u1ec3u ban ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t cho k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp. \u1ee7 y ban do c\u00e1c \u00f4ng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh Ho\u00e8, C\u00f9 Huy C\u1eadn, Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Long, D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec1n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh \u1eef\u1ecb \u0111ang h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ng\u00e0y 2-3-1946, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f3a I ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, s\u1edbm h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y so v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00edMinh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. Nxb. Chinh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 189.","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t l\u1edbn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. C\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 300 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1 h\u1ecdp. \u0110\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i cao tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Ng\u00f4 T\u1eed H\u1ea1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp. T\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p bu\u1ed9c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ef1 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n trong c\u01a1 quan quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc cao nh\u1ea5t. Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 70 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u (\u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch) kh\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, theo nh\u01b0 14 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u00e1ch m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed3ng minh h\u1ed9i, Vi\u1ec7t Nam Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3ng, Vi\u1ec7t Minh k\u00fd k\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 25-12-1945 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Trong k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f3a I c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ea3i Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch. Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i giao cho hai v\u1ecb tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u1eadp Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chu \u0111\u00e1o t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc (th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i) n\u00ean Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn (c\u00f3 10 b\u1ed9), C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0110o\u00e0n v\u00e0 Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1ee7y vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: - Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch: H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh; - Ph\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch: Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ea3i Th\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb sau \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9: 1- B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao: Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Tam; 2- B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v \u1ee5 : Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng; 3- B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf: Chu B\u00e1 Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng; 4- B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh: L\u00ea V\u0103n Hi\u1ebfn; 5- B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng: Phan Anh; 6- B\u1ed9 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ki\u00eam Y t\u1ebf, c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng: Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110inh Tri; 7- B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c: \u0110\u1eb7ng Thai Mai; 82","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. 8- B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 ph\u00e1p: V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh H\u00f2e; 9- B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh: Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u0103ng Khoa; 10- B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng: B\u1ed3 Xu\u00e2n Lu\u1eadt. C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0110o\u00e0n: \u0110\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n t\u1ed1i cao V\u0129nh Th\u1ee5y. Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1ee7y vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i do V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch, V\u0169 H\u1ed3ng Khanh l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch. K\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i (kh\u00f3a I) n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Anh: L\u01b0u tr\u1eef B\u00e0o t\u00e0ng C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng K\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f3a I \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea7u Ban th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i g\u1ed3m 15 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 3 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft. C\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i; Ph\u00f3 ban l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 Cung \u0110\u00ecnh Qu\u1ef3 (Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c). 15 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0: B\u00f9i B\u1eb1ng \u0110o\u00e0n, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Chi, D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n D\u01b0, Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c, Xu\u00e2n Th\u1ee7y, Tr\u1ecbnh Qu\u1ed1c Quang, \u0110\u00e0m Quang Thi\u1ec7n, 83","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1ea5n Gi Tr\u1ecdng, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00ed, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Xuy\u1ebfn, Ho\u00e0ng Minh Gi\u00e1m, D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec1n. Ba \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Luy\u1ec7n, Ph\u1ea1m B\u00e1 Tr\u1ef1c v\u00e0 Y Ng\u00f4ng Ni\u00eak\u0111am. Sau n\u00e0y, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam 4 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Nam B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 T\u00f4n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng, D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ea1ch Mai (\u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c), Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc B\u00edch, Hu\u1ef3nh T\u1ea5n Ph\u00e1t (\u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft). K\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea7u Ban d\u1ef1 th\u00e0o hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p. Ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 11 v\u1ecb: Tr\u1ea7n Duy H\u01b0ng, T\u00f4n Quang Phi\u1ec7t, \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u1ee9c D\u1ee5c, C\u00f9 Huy C\u1eadn, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Thi, Hu\u1ef3nh B\u00e1 Nhung, Tr\u1ea7n T\u1ea5n Th\u1ecd, Nguy\u1ec5n Cao H\u00e1ch, \u0110\u00e0o H\u1eefu D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ph\u1ea1m Gia \u0110\u1ed7, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Vi\u00ean. Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i giao cho Ban nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tri\u1ec3n khai vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 th\u00e0o Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c ca \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Trong l\u00fac ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh Qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 l\u00e1 c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf sao v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c ca v\u1eabn l\u00e0 b\u00e0i Ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n ca. Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u0103n g\u1eedi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, g\u1eedi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111ang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ngo\u00e0i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1, g\u1eedi ki\u1ec1u b\u00e0o h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ki\u1ec1u b\u00e0o \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u0103n g\u1eedi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Ai Lao, Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch, g\u1eedi d\u00e2n ch\u00fang Trung Hoa v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang Ph\u00e1p. B\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cCh\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u1edf \u1eefong tay Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. ...C \u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ngang nhau. N\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp n\u00ean, nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, hy sinh v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n... Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 84","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra l\u1ec7nh cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n t\u1eadn l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef giang s\u01a1n v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfn nhanh t\u1edbi vinh quang, c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecbnh\u201d1. Trong di\u1ec5n v\u0103n \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i b\u1ebf m\u1ea1c k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f3a I, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00f3i: \\\"...ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi nhau r\u1eb1ng: Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1eed ra l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. T\u00f4i mong r\u1eb1ng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp l\u1ea7n sau s\u1ebd l\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, m\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i\\\". Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp h\u00f4 c\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \\\"Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i; Ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng; Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp mu\u00f4n n\u0103m\\\"2. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eeb v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u1eeba th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n v\u1eeba ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edd Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u00eam. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y 4-3-1946, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i c\u1eed ra \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdp phi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"Ve n\u1ed9i tr\u1ecb: 1 - C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 qu\u1ed1c gia. 2- Sinh m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1u d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. 3- H\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, kinh t\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung. 1. V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1946-1960. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 76. 2. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 196. 85","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 4- M\u1ecdi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt. v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i giao: 1- \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ed3ng minh, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi Trung Hoa. 2- \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec3u \u0111ang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u00ec d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh. 3- \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng th\u00f9 h\u1eb1n g\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam chi nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng\\\"1. Hai ng\u00e0y sau cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6-3-1946, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ng\u00e0y 22-3-1946, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1eed th\u00eam 9 v\u1ecb Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9: N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5, Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, Ngo\u1ea1i giao, T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, T\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, Qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, Giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, Canh n\u00f4ng, X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ki\u00eam Y t\u1ebf, C\u1eedu t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. b. C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Sau khi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, do \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 22-11-1945 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi ban h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed5 63\/SL quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. 1. B\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1 177, ng\u00e0y 5-3-1946. 86","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ec9. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh 63 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ng\u00e0y 30-11-1945. (Sau \u0111\u00f3, s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 10 \/SL ng\u00e0y 23-1-1946 v\u00e0 s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 22a\/SL ng\u00e0y 18-2-1946). s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh 63 l\u00e0 s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f2n ban h\u00e0nh th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh n\u1eefa nh\u1eb1m ho\u00e0n chinh quy t\u1eafc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 77\/SL ng\u00e0y 21-12-1945 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edd c\u00e1c th\u1ecb x\u00e3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed11; s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 11\/SL ng\u00e0y 24-1-1946 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ecb x\u00e3 l\u1edbn... B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0: Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 64 ng\u00e0y 29-12-1945 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p x\u00e3, huy\u1ec7n, t\u00ecnh, k\u1ef3; Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed5 31 ng\u00e0y 28-1-1946 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh khu ph\u1ed1 (ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 43 ng\u00e0y 12-2-1946); Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 30 ng\u00e0y 28-1-1946 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea7u c\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh, ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p. Theo \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 quan l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. v \u1ec1 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n: H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n chi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5, x\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb x\u00e3. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u00e0u ra H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng rn\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan thay m\u1eb7t cho d\u00e2n, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111ja ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ec th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a 1. Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, ng\u00e0y 29-12-1945. 87","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 C\u1ea5p tr\u00ean. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ecf quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 b\u00e3i mi\u1ec5n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, b\u00e3i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u00e3i mi\u1ec5n. Khi c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 2\/5 s\u1ed1 c\u1eed tri c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb th\u00ec \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ngay cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Khi c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 c\u1eed tri kh\u00f4ng t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m th\u00ec H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u 6 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u 37 c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 63\/SL quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 2 n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean chi c\u00f3 1 n\u0103m. s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ee7y vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed5 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 25 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 5 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p x\u00e3, t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 5 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p tinh. v \u1ec1 \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p (x\u00e3, th\u1ecb x\u00e3, khu ph\u1ed5, tinh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, k\u1ef3) \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o do H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea5p \u1ea5y b\u1ea7u ra. Mu\u1ed1n \u1ee9ng c\u1eed v\u00e0o \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o th\u00ec nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p khu ph\u1ed1, huy\u1ec7n, k\u1ef3, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u00ean \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh huy\u1ec7n s\u1ebd do c\u00e1c \u1ee7y vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c x\u00e3 trong huy\u1ec7n b\u1ea7u ra. \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh k\u1ef3 s\u1ebd do \u1ee7y vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c tinh trong k\u1ef3 b\u1ea7u ra. \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh khu ph\u1ed1 th\u00ec do t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1eed tri H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u00e0 nguy\u00ean qu\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c tr\u00fa qu\u00e1n \u1edf khu ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea7u ra. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111i b\u1ea7u c\u1eed Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc, bi\u1ebft vi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u1ee9ng c\u1eed v\u00e0o \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh huy\u1ec7n hay k\u1ef3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf huy\u1ec7n hay k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1eed tri trong khu ph\u1ed1, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc, bi\u1ebft vi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u1ee9ng c\u1eed v\u1ea3o \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh khu ph\u1ed5. \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u ra ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ea5p \u1ee9\u00ean c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Vi\u1ec7c b\u00e3i mi\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda 88","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. s\u1ed1 c\u1eed tri b\u00f2 phi\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ee7y vi\u00ean \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau: c\u1ea5p khu ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 3 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 2 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft, c \u1ea5 p x\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 c\u00f3 5 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 2 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft, c \u1ea5 p huy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 3 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 2 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft, c \u1ea5 p tinh c\u00f3 3 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u00e0 2 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft, c \u1ea5 p th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 3 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 2 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft; ri\u00eang H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 5 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 2 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft, c\u1ea5p k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 5 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 2 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft. Nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh khu ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 1 n\u0103m, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u 2 n\u0103m (tr\u1eeb c\u1ea5p k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 3 n\u0103m), nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ec9 1 n\u0103m. \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho d\u00e2n, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m thi h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh trong \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khai nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec3n c a s\u1edf. Nh\u01b0ng do truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e0n l\u00fd l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 x\u00e3 c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, n\u00ean sau khi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p th\u00f4n. C\u1ea5p th\u00f4n l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p trung gian gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p x\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do d\u00e2n b\u1ea7u ra, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e3 chi \u0111\u1ecbnh. Sau khi S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh 63 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. \u1ede B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4-1946, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea7u xong H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ea5p x\u00e3; c\u1ea5p huy\u1ec7n, tinh th\u00ec b\u1ea7u xong sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0i ba th\u00e1ng. \u1ede Trung B\u1ed9, c\u00e1c tinh ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh 63, s\u1ed1 t\u1ec9nh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng 89","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p. \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, do chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh 63 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u1ee7 y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e2m th\u1eddi th\u00e0nh \u1ee7 y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e2m th\u1eddi. Song song v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ra nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1945, trong b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 g\u1eedi \u1ee7y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c k\u1ef3, t\u00ecnh, huy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0ng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh vi\u1ebft: \\\"... N\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00e0 d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1ef1 do, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ch\u1ea9ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g \u00ec... Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1eeb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c chung cho d\u00e2n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e8 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2n nh\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, Nh\u1eadt. Vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec l\u1ee3i cho d\u00e2n, ta ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c l\u00e0m. Vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n, ta ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c tr\u00e1nh. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau d\u00e3n, k\u00ednh d\u00e2n th\u00ec d\u00e2n m\u1edbi y\u00eau ta, k\u00ednh ta ... T\u00f4i v\u1eabn bi\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m theo \u0111\u00fang ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Song c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7m l\u1ed7i r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7m l\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0: 1. Tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 l\u00fac v\u00ec tu th\u00f9 t\u01b0 o\u00e1n m\u00e0 b\u1eaft b\u1edb v\u00e0 t\u1ecbch thu l\u00e0m cho d\u00e2n o\u00e1n th\u00e1n. 2. C\u1eady th\u1ebf - C\u1eady th\u1ebf m\u00ecnh \u1edf trong ban n\u00e0y ban n\u1ecd r\u1ed3i ngang t\u00e0ng ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang, mu\u1ed5n sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eady, coi khinh d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n. Qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n b\u1ea7u m\u00ecnh ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho d\u00e2n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eady th\u1ebf v\u1edbi d\u00e2n. 3. H\u00f9 h\u00f3a - \u0103n mu\u1ed1n cho ngon, m\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n cho \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng xa x\u1ec9, c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n, th\u1eed h\u1ecfi ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c \u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u ra? 90","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0, qu\u00ean c\u1ea3 thanh li\u00eam, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. \u00d4ng \u1ee7y vi\u00ean \u0111i xe h\u01a1i, r\u1ed3i b\u00e0 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean, cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4 c\u00e1c c\u1eadu \u1ee7y vi\u00ean c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng xe h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng. Th\u1eed h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng hao ph\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 ai ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu? 4. T\u01b0 t\u00fang - K\u00e9o b\u00e8, k\u00e9o c\u00e1nh, b\u00e0 con b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng g\u00ec c\u0169ng k\u00e9o v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9c n\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1eeba l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea9y ra ngo\u00e0i. Qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ec7c ri\u00eang g\u00ec d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd c\u1ee7a ai. 5. Chia r\u1ebd - B\u00eanh v\u1ef1c l\u1edbp n\u00e0y, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eabn nhau, h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5t ru\u1ed9ng b\u1ecf hoang, n\u00f4ng gia ta th\u00e1n. Qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng l\u00fac n\u00e0y ta ph\u1ea3i to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng chia gi\u00e0 tr\u1ebb, gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 chung. 6. Ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o - T\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00ecnh \u1edf trong c\u01a1 quan Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh r\u1ed3i. Coi khinh d\u00e2n gian, n\u00f3i ph\u00f4, c\u1eed chi l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u00e1c m\u1eb7t \\\"quan c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng\\\" l\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n, s\u1ebd h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn oai t\u00edn c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh p h \u1ee7 ...\\\"1. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \\\"c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o\\\", nh\u1eafc nh\u1edd c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. Ch\u00ednh t\u1edd b\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp trong m \u1ea5y s\u1ed5 li\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 sau: \\\"... m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u1ee7y vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n... d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp c\u1ecfn con... h\u1ecd nh\u1eb9 d\u1ea1 ra l\u1ec7nh \\\"thi\u1ebft qu\u00e2n lu\u1eadt\\\", g\u00e2y ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 trong d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c, c\u0169ng h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh b\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ecbch thu c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i... H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edd tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p d\u00e2n ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng g\u01b0\u01a1m s\u00fang khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n run s\u1ee3, nh\u01b0 \u0111ang ch\u1edd c\u00e1i v\u1ea1 \\\"ti\u00ean x\u01b0ng\\\" th\u1eddi phong ki\u1ebfn. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c \u1ee7y vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1ea5y c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c g\u00ec nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng k\u1ef3 m\u1ee5c c\u0169 n\u00e1t, nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbp, \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ebdo kho\u00e9t d\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3i Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c\\\"2. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \\\"n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn 1. B\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1 69, ng\u00e0y 17-10-1945. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4, S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 56-58. 2. B\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, ng\u00e0y 3-10-1945. 91","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1ebfn. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ee7y vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ee3 hay t\u1ecf th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a\\\"1. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft do Vi\u1ec7t Minh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u00e0 \u00edt v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c i\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch. 3. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v&n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi C\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \\\"M\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c d\u1ed1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c y\u1ebfu\\\"2, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, th\u00f4i th\u00fac b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00e0o c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 t\u00f4n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n 90% \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00f9 ch\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y khai tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0u ti\u00ean \u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, trong th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc sinh, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00eau r\u00f5: n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc sinh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n h\u1eefu \u00edch cho n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft: \\\"Non s\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p hay kh\u00f4ng, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0i vinh quang \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh vai v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m ch\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u1edf c\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em\\\".3 S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 17\/SL ng\u00e0y 8-9-1945 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Nha B\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 x\u00f3a n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi ngay. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong v\u00f2ng 6 th\u00e1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. T\u1eeb 8 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edd l\u00ean n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t ti\u1ec1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 1. B\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, ng\u00e0y 18-10-1945. 2. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00edMinh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, \u1eef. 8. 3. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00edMinh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, t\u00ec-. 33. 92","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n trong t\u00f3 c\u0169ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef. Ng\u00e0y 14-9-1945, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ra ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e3i b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed thi c\u1eed \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc h\u1ecdc1. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 kinh ph\u00ed, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n d\u00e2n tham gia ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. Trong b\u00e0i \\\"Ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc\\\", Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft: \\\" ...s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 95 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00e0m, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao d\u00e2n tr\u00ed. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ra h\u1ea1n trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef... Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef h\u00e3y d\u1ea1y cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef... Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef h\u00e3y g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc cho bi\u1ebft \u0111i. V\u1ee3 ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft th\u00ec ch\u1ed3ng b\u1ea3o, em ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft th\u00ec anh b\u1ea3o, cha m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u00ec con b\u1ea3o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o, c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u00ec m\u1edf l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u1edd tu gia d\u1ea1y cho nh\u0169ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef \u1edf h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u1ea5p, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n, ch\u1ee7 h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u00ec m\u1edf l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc cho nh\u1eefng t\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m \u00ecnh...\\\"2. M\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh di\u1ec5n ra r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c \\\"chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 di\u1ec7t gi\u1eb7c d\u1ed1t\\\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u1ecfa \u0111i c\u00e1c n\u01a1i v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t, c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00ecnh, ch\u00f9a, l\u1ec1u ch\u1ee3, c\u1ed5ng l\u00e0ng, x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e1y. doanh tr\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, b\u1ebfn xe..., v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c). Kinh ph\u00ed m\u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 do ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng cho h\u1ecdc sinh ngh\u00e8o (to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n 900 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/n\u0103m; b\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n 450 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/n\u0103m). C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, trung h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khai gi\u1ea3ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. 1. C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, s\u1ed1 1, 1945, tr. 15. 2. B\u00e1o C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1 58, ng\u00e0y 4-1-1945; H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 36-37. 93","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Ni\u00ean kh\u00f3a 1945-1946, \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5.654 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi 206.784 h\u1ecdc sinh, 25 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi 7.514 h\u1ecdc sinh1. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cao \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc quan t\u00e2m ngay sau khi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ng\u00e0y 15-11-1945 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa, D\u01b0\u1ee3c khoa, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng canh n\u00f4ng, Th\u00fa y \u0111\u00e3 khai gi\u1ea3ng l\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 khai gi\u1ea3ng. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. B\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho m\u1edf th\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n khoa v\u00e0 m\u1edf l\u1edbp ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i thay cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169. C\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. D\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a sau c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1eedi h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb.2 N\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do b\u00e1o ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Sau \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i l\u00e0n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c (9-1945), c\u00e1c chi h\u1ed9i v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Chi t\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 9 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1945, B\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ph\u00e9p ng\u00f3t 90 t\u1edd b\u00e1o xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1edd b\u00e1o quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n 1. Theo \u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, Nxb. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 859. 2. Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i giao Hoa K\u1ef3 James Bymes ng\u00e0y 1-11-1945 c\u1ecf \u0111o\u1ea1n: \\\"Nh\u00e2n danh H\u1ed9i v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y t\u1ecf nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u00f9a H\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam sang M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi thanh ni\u00ean M\u1ef9; v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ebf x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c. Nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1ri Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, lu\u1eadt s\u01b0, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfu tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p...\\\". H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 4, S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 80. 94","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. Vi\u1ec7t Nam n hir C\u1edd Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng, S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt, C\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u1ed9c L\u1eadp, V\u0103n H\u00f3a, Thanh Ni\u00ean, \u00dd D\u00e2n, T\u1ef1 Do, D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c, D\u00e2n Thanh, T\u00e2n Th\u1ebf K\u1ef3, V\u0103n M\u1edbi, Vi\u1ec7t Nam H\u1ed3n, D\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec7n, H\u1ed7n N\u01b0\u1edbc, Qu\u1ed1c Gia, Th\u1eddi M\u1edbi, D\u00e2n Sinh, Tri T\u00e2n, Ti\u1ec1n Phong, Quy\u1ebft Chi\u1ebfn, Ki\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c, Ki\u1ebfn Thi\u1ebft, Ng\u00e0y M\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ed3ng Ru\u1ed9ng, T\u1ea5c \u0110\u1ea5t, Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1eddi B\u00e1o, Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng, N\u00f3i Th\u1eb3ng, C\u00f4ng D\u00e2n, T\u01b0\u01a1ng Lai, Ti\u1ebfn H\u00f3a, G\u00e1i N\u01b0\u1edbc Nam, Thanh Ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Xung Phong, \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh, Th\u0103ng Long... B\u00e1o in b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u1edd La R\u00e9publique (Nen C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a), in b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u00f3 The Republic (Nen C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a). B\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o theo ch\u00e2n c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n Nam ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1eeba gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. 4. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 an ninh X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang (qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng an) b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Sau klii l\u00e0m \u01b0\u00f2n s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u1ea3m, Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c duy\u1ec7t binh t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, t\u1ecf r\u00f5 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Trong ng\u00e0y 2-9-1945, Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ec1 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 4-9-1945 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. Ng\u00e0y 7-9-1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh chi th\u1ecb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp B\u1ed9 T\u1ed3ng tham m\u01b0u, c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tham m\u01b0u g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn - \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ea3n, t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o, th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1ec7 binh. L\u00fac m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, c\u01a1 quan B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i ph\u1ed1 Ri-ki-\u00ea (nay l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1 Nguy\u1ec5n Du), H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. T\u1ed5ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Th\u00e1i. C\u01a1 quan Qu\u00e2n l\u1ef1c B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tham m\u01b0u 95","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y (8-9-1945), Ph\u00f2ng Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng Tham m\u01b0u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 9-9-1945, do \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00fay ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. Ng\u00e0y 12-9-1945, Ban M\u1eadt m\u00e3 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 thu\u1ed9c Ph\u00f2ng Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp (T\u1ea1 Quang \u0110\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch). Ng\u00e0y 13-9-1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 163\/SL th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp T\u00f2a \u00e1n binh l\u00e2m th\u1eddi, s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"\u0110i\u1ec1u 1 - S\u1ebd l\u1eadp t\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u1edd B\u1eafc B\u1ed9: t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Ninh B\u00ecnh; \u1edf Trung B\u1ed9: t\u1ea1i Vinh, Hu\u1ebf, Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i; \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9: t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, M\u1ef9 Tho. \u0110i\u1ec1u 2 - T\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd x\u1eed t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Tr\u1eeb phi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 binh s\u0129 th\u00ec thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 binh t\u1ef1 x\u1eed l\u1ea5y theo qu\u00e2n lu\u1eadt\\\"1. Ng\u00e0y 15-9-1945, Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thu th\u1eadp, mua s\u1eafm v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 trang b\u1ecb cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. Ngay trong th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 chi th\u1ecb cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n. T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 5.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1945, V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n kho\u1ea3ng 50.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u1ed3m 40 chi \u0111\u1ed9i, m\u1ed7i chi \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eeb 1.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 2.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi2. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, c\u01a1 quan qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp ra \u0111\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0y 19-9-1945, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 45 (Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ec7n Thu\u1eadt) c\u1ee7a B\u00ecnh - Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Trong th\u00e1ng 9-1945, \u1ee7 y ban Binh l\u01b0\u01a1ng 1. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 55 n\u0103m Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u0103n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1999, tr. 23. 2. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 55 n\u0103m Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u0103n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 24. 96","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.. (sau \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Ph\u00f2ng Qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng) ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 lo vi\u1ec7c \u0103n, m\u1eb7c cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 9-1945, B\u1ed9 chi huy m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Nam Trung B\u1ed91 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tinh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u00e0o Nam B\u1ed9, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o chi vi\u1ec7n cho Nam B\u1ed9. Ng\u00e0y 15-10-1945, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Chi\u1ebfn khu IV g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tinh Thanh H\u00f3a, Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean do \u00f4ng L\u00ea Thi\u1ebft H\u00f9ng l\u00e0m Khu tr\u01b0\u1edfng, \u00f4ng H\u1ed3 T\u00f9ng M\u1eadu l\u00e0m Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1ee7y vi\u00ean. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh x\u1ee9 \u1ee7y Trung K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed5 t\u00fac c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ea5p trung \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh n\u1ed9i Hu\u1ebf. Kh\u00f3a \u0111\u00e0u ti\u00ean (th\u00e1ng 12-1945) c\u00f3 200 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean. (Sau kh\u00f3a I, tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 c \u1ea9 m Xuy\u00ean - H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"Tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh Chi\u1ebfn khu IV\\\"). Ng\u00e0y 25-10-1945 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ph\u00f2ng T\u00ecnh b\u00e1o tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tham m\u01b0u. Ng\u00e0y 31-10-1945 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Chi\u1ebfn khu III g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tinh H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, Ki\u1ebfn An, Qu\u1ea3ng Y\u00ean, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng2. Ng\u00e0y 10-11-1945, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh Nam B\u1ed9 (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh Quang Trung) ra \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 trung \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng3. Kh\u00f3a I khai gi\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i Ng\u1ecdc Hi\u1ec3n - C\u00e0 Mau. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng huy \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n tham gia ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. Ng\u00e0y 24-11-1945, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 66\/SL tr\u01b0ng d\u1ee5ng y s\u0129, b\u00e1c s\u0129, d\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 6 th\u00e1ng (ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00edt con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc). Trong th\u00e1ng 11, Ban Y t\u1ebf V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp do b\u00e1c s\u0129 V\u0169 V\u0103n C\u1ea9n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. Ng\u00e0y 5-3-1946 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ph\u00f2ng B\u00e0o ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf qu\u00e2n y t\u1ea1i Ba Th\u00e1 (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng) v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 pha ch\u1ebf thu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, do d\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 V\u0169 C\u00f4ng Thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea3ng trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd. Trong 1. G\u1ed3m: Ph\u1ea1m Ki\u1ec7t, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4n, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Quang Giao. 2. T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh: Ho\u00e0ng Minh Th\u1ea3o, Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1ee7y vi\u00ean: L\u00ea Quang H\u00f2a. 3. Hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u00eam ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean: V\u00f5 Quang Anh. 97","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 th\u00e1ng 11-1945 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea3ng trong V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea3ng trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. (Th\u00e1ng 1-1946 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y, B\u00ed th\u01b0 l\u00e0 V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p). C\u0169ng trong th\u00e1ng 11-1945, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn T\u00e2y B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb V\u00e2n Nam k\u00e9o sang Lai Ch\u00e2u, ph\u00e1 \u00e2m m\u01b0u chi\u1ebfm T\u00e2y B\u1eafc l\u00e0m b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p ti\u1ebfn xu\u1ed1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 sang Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng L\u00e0o c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11-1945 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4-1946, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng Tham m\u01b0u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u 7 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1eeb H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, B\u1eafc Giang, S\u01a1n T\u00e2y, Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, H\u00e0 Nam, Ninh B\u00ecnh, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i l\u00ean T\u00e2y B\u1eafc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y Nam B\u1ed9 (m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng) h\u1ecdp ng\u00e0y 10-12-1945 t\u1ea1i B\u00ecnh H\u00f2a b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7 y ban Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chia Nam B\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh ba chi\u1ebfn khu VII, VIII, IX. Trong th\u00e1ng 12-1945 nhi\u1ec1u chi \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n ra \u0111\u1eddi. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tinh Nam Trung B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c chi \u0111\u1ed9i: Tr\u1ea7n Cao V\u00e2n (Qu\u1ea3ng Nam), L\u00ea Trung \u0110\u00ecnh (Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i), Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng (B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 1 (B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 2 (Ninh Thu\u1eadn), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 3 (Kh\u00e1nh H\u00f2a), Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m (Kon Tum), Thu S\u01a1n, B\u1eafc B\u1eafc, Di Vi\u00ean, H\u1eefu Thanh, H\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 chi \u0111\u1ed9i 51, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i N T rang L\u01a1ng (\u0110\u1eafc L\u1eafc), \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i Phan Thanh (\u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u1edf L\u00e2m Vi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c chi \u0111\u1ed9i 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 21, 25 (b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i B\u00ecnh Xuy\u00ean), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 6, chi \u0111\u1ed9i 12 (Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 1 (Th\u1ee7 D\u1ea7u M\u1ed9t), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 17 (M\u1ef9 Tho), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 18 (Sa \u0110\u00e9c), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 10 (Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 11 (T\u00e2y Ninh), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 13 (c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 14 (T\u00e2n An), chi \u0111\u1ed9i 15 (Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn)1. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n d\u00f9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1u ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea9u ch\u1ed1ng th\u00f9 trong gi\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. 1. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 55 n\u0103m Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2rt Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 29. 98","Ch\u01b0omg I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a... 5.T\u00ecm c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn tran h lan r\u1ed9ng ra m i\u1ec1n B\u1eafc K\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 (6-3-1946) Trong th\u1ebf b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y t\u1ee9 ph\u00eda, b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edd Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1945, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c s\u1eafp th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1eed y ban t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eebi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng H\u1ee3p ch\u1ee7ng qu\u1ed1c Hoa K\u1ef3 Truman \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u00eau r\u1ed7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tham gia v\u00e0o \u1ee7y ban n\u00e0y. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 10, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Hoa K\u1ef3, n\u00eau r\u1ed7 b\u1ed1n nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam: - V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u1ee7y ban t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng; - \u0110o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam; - C\u1eed m\u1ed9t \u1ee7y ban \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1edbi Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam; - N\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. K\u00e8m theo b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1u ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i, Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 2-9-1945, Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng h\u00e0m n\u00eau r\u00f5 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e0ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ra l\u1ed1i \u0111i ri\u00eang nh\u00e0m l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u00e1p l\u1ef1c 99","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 to l\u1edbn t\u1eeb ph\u00eda c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean l\u00e0nh th\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec3 tranh th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. a. H\u00f2a ho\u00e3n v\u1edbi qu\u0103n T\u01b0\u1edfng Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1eddng khi h\u1ecd k\u00e9o v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh tr\u00e1nh xa c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i qua. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ed5ng d\u1ecdc c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng t\u1ea1m s\u01a1 t\u00e1n. \u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a ta tr\u00e1nh ra v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb x\u00e3, th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. Ng\u00e0y 7-9-1945 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, 8-9, c\u00e1c T\u01b0\u1edbng Ti\u00eau V\u0103n v\u00e0 Chu Ph\u00fac Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau s\u00e1ch ngang ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 L\u01b0 H\u00e1n \u0111\u00f2i Vi\u1ec7t Minh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed5. Ti\u00eau V\u0103n \u0111\u00f2i c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u00f2i gi\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i giao cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n h\u1ecd \u0111e d\u1ecda d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. H\u1ecd khi\u00eau kh\u00edch, c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c, ph\u00e1 r\u1ed1i tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 an ninh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u00e2y c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 b\u1eaft c\u00f3c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ta, kh\u1ee7ng b \u1ed1 ... M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n nh\u00e2n vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp (Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch) l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c th\u00e2n v\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u01b0ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ki\u00ean tr\u00ec nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o gi\u1eef quan h\u1ec7 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1eef h\u00f2a kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Ng\u00e0y 1-10-1945, chi ba gi\u1edd sau khi T\u1ed5ng t\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Hoa d\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c H\u00e0 \u1ee9 ng Kh\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a 300 ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n T\u01b0\u1edbng H\u00e0 \u1ee9 n g Kh\u00e2m, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. 100"]