LỊCH SỬ VIỆT NAM _ ĐINH THỊ THU CÚC Chủ biên_ NXB KHOA HỌC XÃ HỘI _ Tập 10

["Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u1ebfn khi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edd cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc (10-1947), nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i. Sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc Thu - \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1947, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong v\u00f9ng ATK d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 4 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, 741 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc. N\u0103m 1947, c\u00f3 151.095 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u00e1t n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1948, t\u1ea1i Tuy\u00ean Quang c\u00f3 1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, g\u1ed3m 4 l\u1edbp, 4 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, 48 tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi 2.482 h\u1ecdc sinh. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, Tuy\u00ean Quang c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5, v\u1edbi 14.308 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean. T\u1ea1i B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n, t\u00ednh chung t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12-1947 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 2-1948, to\u00e0n tinh c\u00f3 76 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 6 tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea5p, v\u1edbi 2.289 h\u1ecdc sinh. Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 91 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 17 tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea5p. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u00e0i tr\u1eeb t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n c\u0169 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft tri\u1ec3n khai l\u00e0m cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba s\u1edbm c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t m\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng s\u00f2ng b\u1ea1c, \u1ed5 thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n, \u1ed5 bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu b\u1ecb qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch. N\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng sinh ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh n\u1ea3y n\u1edf. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m trao \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n minh \u1edd khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9. C\u00e1c sinh ho\u1ea1t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 nghe th\u1eddi s\u1ef1, n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n th\u1eddi s\u1ef1, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed vui t\u01b0\u01a1i, s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u1edf ATK c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00e1o t\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n tin \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 qu\u1ed1c t\u00e9 v\u00e0 tin chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u0103m lo s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong v\u00f9ng ATK. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ATK v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n 251","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n phong th\u00e1i l\u1ea1c quan tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5t th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7-1947, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ch\u00ednh quy Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, c\u00e1c trung \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc 28, 132 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh 185 tr\u1eadn, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t 633 t\u00ean gi\u1eb7c, l\u00e0m b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng 80 t\u00ean. V\u1eeba k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, di\u1ec7t t\u1ec1, tr\u1eeb gian, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Chi\u1ebfn khu I, XII c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00e0 m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng. T\u1eeb 6 tinh trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tnr\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ed3m 17 tinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c khu H\u00f2n Gai; v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n lOO.OOOkm2, b\u1eb1ng 5\/6 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. Kh\u00f4ng chi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1edd kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, khu, tinh v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n, x\u00e3 c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi An to\u00e0n khu Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c khu, tinh v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 huy\u1ec7n, x\u00e3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, khi chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng. Khu II c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea7m Na, Chi N\u00ea. Khu III c\u00f3 Ki\u1ebfn An. Thanh Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh c\u1ee7a Khu IV l\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb s\u1edbm. B\u00ecnh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng n\u00fai T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ecf, Khe Me, Ba L\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf. Khu V c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn Nam - Ng\u00e2n, B\u00ecnh, Ph\u00fa. T\u1ea1i Nam B\u1ed9, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u00edt r\u1eebng n\u00fai, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng r\u1ed9ng, tr\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3i, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gi\u1eefa \\\"r\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi\\\". \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n c\u1ee9: T\u00e2n Uy\u00ean c\u1ee7a Khu VII d\u1ecdc s\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai; b\u01b0ng bi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Khu VIII, khu IX \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u1edf r\u1eebng Tr\u00e0m, r\u1eebng \u0110\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u0111ang d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u00e2n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. 3. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u00e9 l\u1ee5c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i 1946, t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00ean t\u1edbi 82.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7. 252","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c Trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 du k\u00edch l\u00ean g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi th\u1eed th\u00e1ch, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng c\u1ed1, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh nh\u0103m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t chi r\u00f5: \\\"C\u00e1c khu c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ngay b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ed5 sung\\\", \\\"Vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n l\u1ef1a do B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng chu\u1ea9n y tr\u01b0\u1edbc\\\"1, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng binh, \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ed9i ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m t\u1eed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n y, giao th\u00f4ng, c\u00f4ng binh, li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi, qu\u00e2n nhu. G\u1ea7n ba th\u00e1ng sau, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai l\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u00ednh c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang l\u00e0m n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t cho phong tr\u00e0o to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c; t\u1eadp trung gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi do chi\u1ebfn tranh to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7t ra. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, trong l\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbch t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh r\u1ed9ng ra n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i: N\u1eafm ch\u1eafc b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \\\"tr\u00e1nh tan r\u00e3\\\"; ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed ph\u00e1 xe t\u0103ng, ch\u1eb7n ca n\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch; th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i tham gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u00edch tr\u1eef g\u1ea1o, mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed5c men c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00f5 trang v\u00e0 lanh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n. \u0110 \u1ebb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, th\u00e1ng 2-1947, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ra th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1eeb 18 \u0111\u1ebfn 45 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0o d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch \u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i v\u0169 trang to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Theo S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 16 ng\u00e0y 12-2-1947, Ph\u00f2ng D\u00e2n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, do \u00f4ng Khu\u1ea5t Duy Ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0m Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f2ng (Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u, Ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c C\u1ee5c Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7-1947, \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c chi \u0111\u1ea1o, Ph\u00f2ng D\u00e2n qu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy). 1. V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0ng, t\u1eadp 2, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u1ea7n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1976, tr. 93. 253","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Th\u00e1ng 3-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ra \u0111\u1eddi. \u1ede B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 Ph\u00f2ng D\u00e2n qu\u00e2n. C\u00e1c Khu c\u00f3 Ban D\u00e2n qu\u00e2n. C\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u1ed9i, huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9i thu\u1ed9c \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tinh, huy\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n. Nh\u1eb1m kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp th\u00e1ng 5-1947. T\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang do M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, d\u00e2n qu\u0103n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 du k\u00edch tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, do c\u01a1 quan qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi huy. Tuy h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n chinh t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, song ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n l\u00fang t\u00fang; phong tr\u00e0o d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c th\u00e1ng 8-1947 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, chi ra nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a l\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edd B\u1eafc Ninh, Ki\u1ebfn An, B\u00ecnh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean. Trong th\u01b0 g\u1eedi h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \\\"D\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 du k\u00edch l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch...\\\". T\u1eeb m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1947, kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp, h\u0103ng h\u00e1i gia nh\u1eadp d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 du k\u00edch t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tinh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ly s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. H\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn l\u00e0ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. H\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c tinh. V\u1edbi kh\u00ed th\u1ebf gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c tr\u00ean ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1ecfc m\u1edbi. 254","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111i d\u1ea7n v\u00e0o n\u1ebfp. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, Khu IV, Khu V v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 cho d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, du k\u00edch. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng g\u1eafn b\u00f3 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi. Ngay t\u1eeb bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c, t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbch. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n khu, c\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi non tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edd cho m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd. Nhi\u1ec1u khu, t\u00ecnh m\u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, du k\u00edch t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i. Phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ecdc v\u0103n h\u00f3a, thanh to\u00e1n n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n h\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. T\u00f9y t\u1eebng l\u00e0ng, x\u00f3m, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng, v\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng, gi\u00fap nhau s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng du k\u00edch c\u0169ng chinh l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o gia nh\u1eadp l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch, phong tr\u00e0o xung phong t\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra s\u00f4i n\u1ed1i. Ch\u00ec trong m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1947, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 35.000 qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n nh\u1eadp ng\u0169. T\u1eeb 82.000 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a h\u00e8 1947, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 125.000 qu\u00e2n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 37 trung \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 19 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ta. Vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u0103m lo. G\u1ea7n 1 v\u1ea1n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t trong chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c trung \u0111o\u00e0n hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 ng\u00e0y. H\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ngay t\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn khu. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng V\u00f5 b\u1ecb Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n m\u1edf kh\u00f3a 2, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i cho to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n. 255","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed5 t\u00fac trung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed5 t\u00fac v\u0103n h\u00f3a thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy khai gi\u1ea3ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi du k\u00edch v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i l\u00e0m l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi \u00e2m m\u01b0u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch trong Thu - \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1947. Th\u00e1ng 7-1947, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chi huy, chi \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn. B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u1ec3n qu\u00e2n, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t bi\u00ean ch\u1ebf, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1eadp \u0111om v\u1ecb m\u1edbi c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. \u0110\u1ec3 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh r\u1eebng n\u00fai, ng\u00e0y 20-3-1947, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i k\u1ef5 binh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 giao cho Khu X ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. T\u1eeb m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1947 tr\u1edf \u0111i, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 h\u0103ng h\u00e1i gia nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, du k\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1edf x\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 trung \u0111\u1ed9i d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, huy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 trung \u0111\u1ed9i, tinh c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch tho\u00e1t ly s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. V\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o \\\"c\u01b0\u1edbp v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch\\\", nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 du k\u00edch d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 trang bj t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. H\u00e0ng nghin l\u00e0ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e0u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. H\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n, tinh. L\u00e0ng x\u00f3m d\u1ecdc ngang h\u00e0o giao th\u00f4ng, \u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1i, ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ea5p n\u1eadp d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n canh g\u00e1c, t\u1eadp b\u1eafn s\u00fang, n\u00e9m l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1n, t\u1eadp xung phong. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed to\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn bao tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. T\u1eeb m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1947, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p co v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, ra s\u1ee9c t\u0103ng th\u00eam qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y 12-6-1947, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \\\"ph\u00e1 s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch\\\", \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u1ea5p r\u00fat \\\"b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ch\u1ea5n chinh b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i\\\", \\\"c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\", t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn trong Thu - \u0110\u00f4ng. 256","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o gia nh\u1eadp l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch, phong tr\u00e0o xung phong to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. Phong tr\u00e0o \\\"qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n\\\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh. \u1edc Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh c\u00f3 c\u00e1c Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 57, 75, 103, c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 t\u0103ng nhanh. Ri\u00eang tinh Ngh\u1ec7 An gi\u1eefa 1947 c\u00f3 4.000 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 11.417 ng\u01b0\u1eddi; t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 t\u1eeb 30.000 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 76.768 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u0169ng n\u0103m 1947, \u1edf Cao B\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 1 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n H\u00f2a An, Nguy\u00ean B\u00ecnh, \u0110\u00f4ng Kh\u00ea, Tr\u00e0 L\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng Y\u00ean. v \u1ec1 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, Cao B\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 9.000 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 56.000 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7. \u1ede L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 8.500 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 60.000 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7. \u1ede Li\u00ean khu V, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1948, ngo\u00e0i 2 trung \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean khu v\u00e0 7 trung \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f9a c\u00e1c tinh, to\u00e0n Li\u00ean khu c\u00f3 500.000 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch, 40 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy\u1ebfn du k\u00edch v\u00e0 l\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ven bi\u1ec3n Li\u00ean khu 5 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 400km. v\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, t\u1eeb v\u00e0i v\u1ea1n kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169 k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta c\u00f3 th\u00eam g\u1ea7n 10.000 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, trong \u0111\u00f3 hom 600 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9, v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u01b0\u0103m s\u00fang bad\u00f4ka, s\u00fang c\u1ed1i do ta m\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi du k\u00edch v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t c\u00f9a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf \u0111oi ph\u00f3 v\u00e1i m\u1ecdi \u00e2m m\u01b0u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Thu - \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1947. \u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n huy \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c khu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft, s\u1ef1 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c Khu \u1ee7y v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Chi huy khu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao th\u00eam quy\u1ec1n thay m\u1eb7t Trang \u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn khu c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n thi\u1ebft qu\u00e2n lu\u1eadt, l\u1eadp t\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, \u00e2n x\u00e1, \u00e2n gi\u1ea3m, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0ng thu, tr\u01b0ng d\u1ee5ng, t\u1eadp trung s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u1ec3n qu\u00e2n, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t bi\u00ean ch\u1ebf, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1eadp \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 257","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 hai \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t ki\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 Trung B\u1ed9 tham gia l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang. Nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn t\u1eadp trung, ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed5 76\/SL th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \\\"\u0110\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\\\" \u0111\u00e0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ta. Th\u00e1ng 7-1947, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn trong s\u1ed5 l\u00ednh ngo\u1ea1i giao \u1edf trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n sang h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 ta chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1eadn. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ch\u00fa \u00fd. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba (6- 1947), B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng V\u00f5 b\u1ecb Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n m\u1edd c\u00e1c k\u00edp b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u0169ng b\u1ed5 t\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Th\u00e1ng 8-1947, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy m\u1edf l\u1edbp b\u1ed5 t\u00fac c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ea5p to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 La B\u1eb1ng, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 L\u1ec5 khai m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb cho l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u1eeb 12 khu n\u0103m 1946, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9-1947, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 14 khu: B\u1ea5c B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 Khu I, II, III, X, XI, XII, xrv (Lai Ch\u00e2u, S\u01a1n La, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd); Trung B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 Khu IV, V, VI, XV (Tay Nguy\u00ean); Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 Khu VII, vin, IX. Vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00fac n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m; \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u0169ng do nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p, \\\"m\u1ed7i x\u00f3m 1 b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c, m\u1ed7i th\u00f4n 1 \u00e1o tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 1 ch\u0103n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn cho chi\u1ebfn s\u0129'. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea5t hoang, t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ef1 t\u00fac m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n 258","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m l\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n trang, qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. 4. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi trong v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn - ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch quan c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 t\u00fac, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, th\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch. Trong b\u00e0i \\\"C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea5n c\u1ea5p b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd\\\" vi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 5- 11-1946, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 chi r\u00f5, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3: \\\"M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft. Ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n \u0111\u1ecbch, ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch\\\". Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed5 ra, ng\u00e0y 12-12-1946, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng ra Chi th\u1ecb: \\\"To\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\", trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ed9t Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1eadp trung x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u00e3ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 t\u00fac, b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, II\u1ed8i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 6-4-1947 \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m 2 m\u1eb7t: M\u1eb7t ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c: Ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea9y chay v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. L\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng kinh doanh, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"l\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfn tranh nu\u00f4i chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\"; M\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ta, v\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c, l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 t\u00fac. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh: \\\"Chi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u00e0n d\u00f9ng cho m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n... v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng 259","L\u1ecaCH S \u1eeb VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 nghi\u1ec7p, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 (ch\u00fa \u00fd k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c)\\\"1. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb chi r\u00f5: \\\"Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i g\u1ed3m m\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y: t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, r\u00fat b\u1edbt chi ti\u00eau (hai vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch), gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho d\u00e2n (\u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1ebf m\u1edbi trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn), ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ed1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u1ea7u b\u1ecf v\u1ed1n...\\\". D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u0103n b\u1ea3n k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch quan tr\u1ecdng: - Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra ngay t\u1eeb sau khi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m su\u1ed1t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn); - Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng cam c\u1ed9ng kh\u1ed5; - Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i...; - Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf; - Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a l\u1ee3i \u00edch. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 ra nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 thu ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i theo v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, hy sinh m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1 v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. K\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng quan l\u1ea1i c\u0169 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00f4ng B\u00f9i B\u1eb1ng \u0110o\u00e0n, Phan Ke To\u1ea1i... Nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, thu\u1ed9c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n giai c\u1ea5p n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e0ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp. t\u1eadp 8, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 181. 260","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c tr\u1ecdng d\u1ee5ng. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0: Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a, Nghi\u00eam Xu\u00e2n Y\u00eam, Phan Anh, Ng\u00f4 T\u1ea5n Nhom, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u0103ng Khoa, \u0110o\u00e0n Tr\u1ecdng Truy\u1ebfn, Tr\u1ecbnh V\u0103n B\u00ednh, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh H\u00e0, V\u00f5 Qu\u00fd Hu\u00e2n, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh T\u01b0\u1eddng, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n, V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh H\u00f2e, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng, Hu\u1ef3nh Thi\u1ec7n L\u1ed9c, \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u00ecnh Thi\u1ec7n... \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn n\u1ed5 ra v\u1eabn l\u00e0m cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn b\u1ecb ng\u01b0ng tr\u1ec7. N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch chi\u1ebfm, c \u1ea7 n ph\u1ea3i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c, t\u00e0i l\u1ef1c cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nen kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: 1) V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c; 2) T\u1ef1 cung, t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t. Kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ta trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn tranh, v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung l\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00f9 m\u1edbi. Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 chi \u0111\u1ea1o: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ef1ng kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng; khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p'. Nh\u0169ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p bao g\u1ed3m: 1. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; 2. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t; 3. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng; 261","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 4. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt; 5. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. T\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai (4-1947) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng: \\\"Nha n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng\\\" b\u1ecf ti\u1ec1n cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n vay \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf g\u1ea1o, mu\u1ed1i cho c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1...\\\", v \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan t\u00e2m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Phong tr\u00e0o t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 t\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c \u0111om v\u1ecb: \\\"\u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m gi\u00fap d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n\\\". To\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ec1 ra ngay trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t. Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u01a1 quan, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, di c\u01b0. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c dinh \u0111i\u1ec1n quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, v\u1ec1 sau, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nhkh\u00f4ngth\u00edch h\u1ee3p. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edd \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1eddn rau,n\u01b0\u01a1ngs\u1eafn\u1edd \u0111\u00f3. Trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m \u0111\u00e0u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, nh\u1edd ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3i s\u1eafn m\u1ecdc kh\u1eafp v\u00f9ng trung du B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 (Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean), \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf Trung B\u1ed9 (Li\u00ean khu V), c\u00f3 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u00fac t\u1eeb 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 th\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, n\u00ean c\u00e1c chinh s\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ban h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, g\u1eafn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Phong tr\u00e0o t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t di\u1ec5n ra r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng cao ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. 262","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c Ri\u00eang c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, trong n\u0103m 1947, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1.893.700ha l\u00faa, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2.194.000 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c. Hoa m\u1ea7u tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 243.000ha, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 474.000 t\u1ea5n, t\u0103ng 189% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1941 S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00faa c\u1ea3 n\u0103m t\u1eeb B\u1eafc Trung B\u1ed9 tr\u1edf ra l\u00e02: \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: t\u1ea5n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn 2.451.800 2.443.400 Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7y n\u00f4ng: \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: ha N\u0103m Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch T\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 1946 22.500 438.150 1947 45.000 330.000 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 25% do Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ban h\u00e0nh th\u00e1ng 11-1945 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7. \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, Khu IV, Khu V, Nam B\u1ed9. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra gay g\u1eaft. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1eeba ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean tai, v\u1eeba ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbch ho\u1ea1. Gi\u1eb7c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, c\u01b0\u1edbp th\u00f3c l\u00faa, n\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00ea \u0111\u1eadp, gi\u1ebft \u1eeb\u00e2u b\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nhanh ch\u00f3ng thu ho\u1ea1ch m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u th\u00f3c l\u00faa, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c nu\u00f4i d\u00e2n v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i qu\u00e2n. 1. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1948. 2. Theo \u0110\u1eb7ng Phong, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam... S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, \u1eeb. 306. 263","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e0ng g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tham gia c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c. Nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ee9c, ho\u00e3n n\u1ee3, x\u00f3a n\u1ee3, c\u1ea5m b\u1ecf hoang, chia ru\u1ed9ng cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, thanh ni\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u tham gia c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng, h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng, v\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng ra \u0111\u1eddi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh li\u1ec7t s\u0129, th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00fa \u00fd gi\u00fap \u0111\u00f5, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Ng\u00e0y to\u00e0n d\u00e2n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh li\u1ec7t s\u0129 27 th\u00e1ng 7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh thi \u0111ua canh t\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u00ea ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1n, l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, khai hoang ph\u1ee5c h\u00f3a, ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1ed1n cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n vay, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan \u1ee9\u1ecdng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c tinh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c gi\u1eef \u0111\u00ea, ph\u00f2ng l\u1ee5t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Th\u00e1ng 6-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du h\u1ea1 du gi\u1eef g\u00ecn \u0111\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec1u. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn gi\u1eef \u0111\u00ea, n\u0103m 1947, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u1eafp 1.300.000m3. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec3u n\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1947, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng 22.800ha so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1946. Tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ta c\u00f2n ch\u0103m lo \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0, thu h\u00fat m\u1ecdi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u01a1i \u0103n ch\u1ed1n \u1edf v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 6-1947, g\u1ea7n 200 tr\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ti\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p thu h\u00fat 4 v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edd trung du Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, Thanh Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1i, t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy m\u00f4 v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m \u0103n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. 264","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1947 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i quan tr\u1ecdng. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cung t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p. Duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y n\u1edf nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi, kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0: n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng chi l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u01a1 quan. Theo ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ef1 t\u00f3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfu th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng: C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ebb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng theo quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, b\u00ed m\u1eadt. C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed r\u1ea3i r\u1eafc kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u00fai r\u1eebng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf. Ngay \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 chi c\u00f3 r\u1eebng th\u01b0a, n\u00fai th\u1ea5p, ta v\u1eabn b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng an to\u00e0n do bi\u1ebft d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n. Ngay trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di chuy\u1ec3n c\u01a1 s\u1edd v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 an to\u00e0n, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0: 265","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 - X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn; - X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u00fac l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n, nh\u1ed3i l\u1eafp l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n; - X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5, k\u00edp s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u1ecf \u0111i l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u0169 kh\u00ed. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, nh\u1eefng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh n\u00ean t\u00f2 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ebfn khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946, ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 20 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi 2.500 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a. Thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o baz\u00f4ka, bom ba c\u00e0ng. Th\u00e1ng 11-1946, x\u01b0\u1edfng Giang Ti\u1ebfn \u1edf Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng 4 kh\u1ea9u bad\u00f4ka v\u1edbi 50 vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n... Ng\u00e0y 4-2-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi thay cho C\u1ee5c Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1eed \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0m C\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Ng\u00e0y 30-3-\u0128947, Li\u00ean B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng - N\u1ed9i v\u1ee5 ra Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed5 44\/NV-QP-N\u0110 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp x\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed. C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi chia l\u00e0m hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng do C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0169 kh\u00ed d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n do \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (khu, tinh) t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, chi \u0111\u1ea1o. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u01b0\u1edfng do T\u1ed5ng Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t chuy\u1ec3n sang qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi. \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 266","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng an v\u00e0 c\u00e1c trung \u0111o\u00e0n, chi \u0111\u1ed9i. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c Khu h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ra c\u00e1c Ty Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f9a C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 Ban V\u0169 kh\u00ed d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng an, T\u1ed5ng li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n. C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd 89 x\u01b0\u1edfng, 13 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u00edp l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 16.000 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, ng\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. Nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. T\u00ednh theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y chi s\u1ed1 n\u0103m 1946 l\u00e0 100, th\u00ec nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edd Li\u00ean khu IV tr\u1edf ra t\u0103ng nh\u01b0 sau: n\u0103m 1947 l\u00e0 707, n\u0103m 1948 l\u00e0 1.0441. \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1947, Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 8 x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed (5 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tinh v\u00e0 3 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khu). X\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng Th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 275 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 10.000 l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n, 2 - 3 bad\u00f4ca, 1 s\u00fang c\u1ed1i 60 ly v\u00e0 60 vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ed1i, 30 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00f4i v\u00e0 1,200kg thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang. C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 trung b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 50 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. B\u1eb1ng tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. S\u00e1u th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh t\u1eeb Khu V tr\u1edf ra s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 133.101 t\u1ea5n v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i. V\u1eeba di chuy\u1ec3n, v\u1eeba \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, tri\u1ec3n khai s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m s\u00e2u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Sau khi d\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn r\u1eebng gi\u00e0, hang \u0111\u00e1 th\u00e0nh binh c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 hi\u1ec3m nguy, t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, th\u1ee3 C\u00cd\u0128 d\u00ecu d\u1eaft th\u1ee3 m\u1edbi, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam. 1. \u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eadp III. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 64. 267","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0110\u1ebfn m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1947, \u1edf c\u00e1c khu, c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Nam \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 168 binh c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u1ed7i x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 200 \u0111\u1ebfn 500 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u0169 kh\u00ed, nhi\u1ec1u x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi do ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u1edd c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c x\u00e3 t\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111ao, s\u00fang k\u00edp, m\u00ecn, l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t. \u0110\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi do B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0169 kh\u00ed d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n do c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 chi \u0111\u1ea1o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u1edf Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u00f3 8 x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n (5 x\u01b0\u1edfng do tinh v\u00e0 3 x\u01b0\u1edfng do khu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1948, theo ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0169 kh\u00ed d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng). C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edd c\u00f4ng binh, qu\u00e2n nhu, qu\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng Song song v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edd thu\u1ed9c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ed1c doanh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh doanh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng thu cho t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c gia. C\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan d\u00e2n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n sinh nh\u01b0 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c, gi\u1ea5y in, gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft, v\u1ea3i, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n... Trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 sau: + Ng\u00e0nh than: C\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ecf Lam S\u01a1n, L\u00e0ng c\u1ea9m , T\u00e2n Th\u00e0nh, Ph\u1ea5n M\u1ec5 \u1edd Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, m\u1ecf T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o \u1edf Tuy\u00ean Quang, m\u1ecf B\u1ed1 H\u1ea1 268","Ch\u01b0cmg IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c \u1edf B\u1eafc Giang, m\u1ecf \u0110\u1ed3i Hoa \u1edf H\u00e0 Nam, m\u1ecf Quy\u1ebft Th\u1eafng \u1edf Ninh B\u00ecnh, m\u1ecf Khe B\u1ed1 \u1edd Ngh\u1ec7 An... + v\u1ec1 khai kho\u00e1ng: C\u00e1c m\u1ecf thi\u1ebfc \u1edf T\u0129nh T\u00fac, m\u1ecf k\u1ebdm \u1edd B\u1eafc S\u01a1n, ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t \u1edf B\u1eafc Giang, \u0102ngtimon \u1edf T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o. M\u1ecf T\u0129nh T\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f2 th\u00e1ng 4-1947 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111u\u1ee3c 20 t\u1ea5n thi\u1ebfc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 40 l\u1ea1ng v\u00e0ng. + Ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed: C\u00f3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed Li\u00ean khu V, c\u01a1 kh\u00ed Hu\u1ef3nh Ng\u1ecdc Hu\u1ec7 \u1edd Li\u00ean khu IV. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111u\u1ee3c m\u00e1y in, m\u00e1y n\u1ed5, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m. + C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p khai th\u00e1c, ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i \u1edd c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn khu m\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p khai th\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c m\u1ecf than l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 doanh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c gia (m\u1ecf than Ph\u1ea5n M\u1ec5, Minh Khai, \u0110\u1ea7m B\u00f9n v\u00e0 Khe B\u1ed1)1. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec1u khai th\u00e1c theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi, c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p c\u01a1 kh\u00ed trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c khu, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t quan \u1eeb\u1ecdng l\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. Ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c in ti\u1ec1n do B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. C\u1ee5 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. \u1ede t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0 Li\u00ean khu III, Li\u00ean khu IV, Li\u00ean khu V, Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 kh\u00ed nh\u1ecf. + v\u1ec1 luy\u1ec7n kim, \u1edf Li\u00ean khu IV, ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ea5u gang b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2 cao c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf. + Ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t: C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9... ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, c\u00e1c khu, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, v\u1eeba cung c\u1ea5p cho d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. 1. \u0110\u1eb7ng Phong, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-2000, t\u1eadp I, Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ecdi, 2000, tr. 294. 269","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Th\u00f9 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4 s\u01a1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u00e2n v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 t\u00fac. Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 d\u1ec7t, gi\u1ea5y, \u1ea9n lo\u00e1t, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u00e9n b\u00e1t, chi\u1ebfu, \u0111an l\u00e1t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, mu\u1ed1i m\u1eafm. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u0103m 1947, Ban t\u01a1 s\u1ee3i Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf Tuy\u00ean Quang, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 10.000 m\u00e9t v\u1ea3i kh\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng. Trung B\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 10.000 m\u00e9t. C\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. Li\u00ean khu V ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edd c\u00e1c tinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean, t\u1ef1 t\u00fac ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p, ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn. V\u1ecb \u1ee9\u00ed c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 3. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec3u th\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chu \u0111\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng\\\". C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 giao cho Nha ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1ebf (th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp th\u00e1ng 5-1946) nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thu mua v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o. C\u01a1 quan \\\"ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i mu\u1ed1i\\\" (thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh) t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c khu an to\u00e0n. Th\u00e1ng 5-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp C\u1ee5c Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp c\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea5y ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7. 270","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, ng\u00e0y 15-5-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh cho l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam - \\\"b\u1ea1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh\\\". Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m v\u1ed1n cho ng\u00e0nh ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n non tr\u1ebb. Tuy v\u1eady, v\u00ec ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfn tranh, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. V\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Trung B\u1ed9, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh do Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c tinh Khu V, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu 4 tinh t\u1ef1 do (Nam, Ng\u00e3i, B\u00ecnh, Ph\u00fa) l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7-1947 (S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 23\/SL ng\u00e0y 18-7-1947), Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 cho ph\u00e9p \u1ee7 y ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam Trung B\u1ed9 b\u1ecf ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u00edn phi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh song song v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian. \u1ede Nam B\u1ed9, do \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh t\u1ecfa ra s\u1edbm, n\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1947, 1948, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh b\u1ea1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng do Khu V chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o. C\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ea5u v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i 100 \u0111\u1ed3ng (in m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf) tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi ti\u00eau. Ng\u00e0y 1-11-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh 102\/SL cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u00edn phi\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i Nam B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00edn phi\u1ebfu ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh: B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau, c \u1ea7 n Th\u01a1, S\u00f3c Tr\u0103ng... C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra \u0111\u1eddi l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u0169ng \u0111o\u1ea1n, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 tay sai, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edb n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nh\u1ecf t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 t\u00fac. Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947 \u0111\u1ebfn 1950 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 kho\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1n th\u1ed5, thu\u1ebf m\u00f4n b\u00e0i, c\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, qu\u1ef9 tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Tr\u01b0ng thu ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch n\u0103m 1947 l\u00e0 1.158 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng chi th\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u \\\"kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c\\\", \\\"to\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\" \u0111\u1ebfn \\\"kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i\\\" l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n chinh ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tuy c\u00f2n non tr\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n, \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh s\u1eafc b\u00e9n. 271","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c doanh, kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n cho nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadt t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ec3 Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 t\u00fac, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u00fac. T\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 16.721km\/21.026km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4 t\u00f4, 1.540km\/2.596km \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft v\u00e0 30.500m c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb ta ph\u00e1. 5. V\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf Ngay sau khi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m to l\u1edbn cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, m\u1edf mang d\u00e2n tr\u00ed, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 4 (4-1947) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng (1-1948) \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Theo \u00f4ng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb1m: 1. \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngu d\u00e2n, n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p; 2. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. 272","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: - D\u00f9ng v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; - Ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c; - T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1ec7 sinh, ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n; - Qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch t\u00e0n t\u00edch n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a; - Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u1eed th\u00e1ch gay g\u1eaft. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n \u1ee9ong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, trong sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Trong th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c gay g\u1eaft. Ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong 16 th\u00e1ng (t\u1eeb 9-1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 12-1946), \u0110\u1ea3ng ta ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u00e0nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00ec chi\u1ebfn tranh, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c c\u00f9a d\u00e3n t\u1ed9c. Ng\u00e0y 3-2-1947, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ra Hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 102 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong th\u1ecfri k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ng\u00e0y 20-2-1947, sau khi r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o Thanh H\u00f3a - n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean khu IV. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n d\u1eb7n: \\\"X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tinh Thanh H\u00f3a th\u00e0nh tinh ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu\\\". Trong b\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n s\u0129 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, ph\u00fa h\u00e0o tinh Thanh H\u00f3a ng\u00e0y 20-2-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh chi r\u00f5: \\\"Ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng chi bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf mang l\u1edbp trung h\u1ecdc... Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0ng, h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ebbo. Nay ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda 273","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc th\u00ec h\u00e0nh ngay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\\\". Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 2-3-1947, trong b\u00e0i \\\"Thanh H\u00f3a ki\u1ec3u m\u1eabu\\\", Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u1ea1i chi r\u00f5: \\\"S\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u1edf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean, v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0\\\"1. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 bi\u1ebft y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f2i. Ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 tr\u00ed t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng, quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9m ai, quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7! C\u0169ng t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1eeba c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft tha, Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai (4-1947) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cho ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 sau: \\\"Ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng m\u1edf mang gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5\\\", \\\"C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\"... v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00f3i chung, Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft chi r\u00f5: \\\"\u0110\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u0103n h\u00f3a, chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi, qu\u00e2n y, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng m\u1edf mang gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn... N\u0103ng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, th\u00f4ng tin, d\u00e2n d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, d\u00e2n d\u1ec5 c\u1ea3m m\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ec1 cao tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00f2ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ec1 cao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta v\u1eeba d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\\\"2. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 soi s\u00e1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi. v \u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 5, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, tr. 57. 2. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 8, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 182. 274","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c 1945-1946, c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi v\u1edbi ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb, Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, ng\u00e0nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng ng\u00e0nh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp l\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng hom. S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u00f3a, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, trong chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u1eb1m b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u00f9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong l\u00f2 l\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng. M\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a-v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn theo kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: \\\"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng\\\". N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o. v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c: Do th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn n\u00ean s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh. N\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong t\u1eebng ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01a1 s\u1edf ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u00e9n v\u1eeba ki\u00e9n qu\u1ed5c. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, sau ng\u00e0y to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t. Nha b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Trong n\u0103m 1947, b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u1edd m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ri\u00eang m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u0103m 1947, Khu X m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 153 l\u1edbp hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 3.745 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean tr\u00ean 130.000 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean theo h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u00f3p 275","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n, g\u1ea5p 5 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Li\u00ean khu I c\u00f2n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"trung ki\u00ean h\u00f3a\\\" c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ec3 duy tri ho\u1eb7c nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c phong tr\u00e0o sau khi \u0111\u1ecbch \u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t ho\u1eb7c v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 trung du B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9, trong n\u0103m 1947, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, phong tr\u00e0o b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ri\u00eang Khu III, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 10-11-1947, to\u00e0n khu c\u00f3 2.030 l\u00e0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, 7.768 l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc, 8.183 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, 328.308 h\u1ecdc sinh, 42 l\u1edbp hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n cho gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 1.182 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb. T\u1ea1i Nam B\u1ed9, th\u00e1ng 8-1947, S\u1edd Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai l\u1edbp hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u1edf R\u1ea1ch R\u00edt (Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn) v\u00e0 Tr\u00e0 C\u00fa (Tr\u00e0 Vinh) nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean cho mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y. N\u0103m 1947, Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 9.400 l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p, 9.435 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 200.000 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean, 21% trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o t\u1eeb 16 \u0111\u1ebfn 45 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. C\u00e1c tinh Li\u00ean khu V v\u00e0 B\u00ecnh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch bao v\u00e2y b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u00e1m d\u00e2n nh\u1eb1m t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 theo kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: \\\"Tay b\u00fat, tay s\u00fang\\\", \\\"Di\u1ec7t d\u1ed1t, di\u1ec7t x\u00e2m l\u0103ng\\\". Trong n\u0103m 1947, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec b\u1eb1ng 3\/4 so v\u1edbi 1946 l\u00e0 n\u0103m c\u00f2n h\u00f2a binh. N\u0103m 1947 c\u00f3 280.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i h\u1ecdc, 237.587 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc kh\u00f3a s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p. T\u1ea1i Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh, n\u0103m 1947, phong tr\u00e0o b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Ngh\u1ec7 An c\u00f3 3.673 l\u1edbp v\u1edbi 5970 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 71.027 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean; H\u00e0 T\u00ecnh c\u00f3 3.971 l\u1edbp, 4.812 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 81.572 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean, c\u00f3 3 x\u00e3 Qu\u1ea3ng Th\u00e0nh (C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean), V\u0103n L\u00e2m (\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd) v\u00e0 V\u0103n Uy\u00ean (Can L\u1ed9c) x\u00f3a xong n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947; Thanh H\u00f3a c\u00f3 3.562 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 70.526 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean. V\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean \u1eeb\u00ean m\u1ecdi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 thanh to\u00e1n n\u1ea1n m\u0169 ch\u1eef cho tr\u00ean 276","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c 1,2 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00e0ng, x\u00e3 \u1edf H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn x\u00f3a xong n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00f3i chung, b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, sau h\u01a1n 1 n\u0103m \u0111i v\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc, sau n\u0103m 1947, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o n\u1ec1 n\u1ebfp, h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea5p n\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ed5i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946-1947, B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1eabn m\u1edf c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 thi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, huy\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1; t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947-1948, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eadc ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc 4 n\u0103m theo s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 146\/SL ng\u00e0y 10-8-1946. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 n\u0103m h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u1edd B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean khoa, B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi. Th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean l\u00e1n tr\u1ea1i, v\u1eeba t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, v\u1eeba t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc khai gi\u1ea3ng n\u0103m h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (1947-1948), tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edd t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc: Chu V\u0103n An v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tnr\u00f2mg chuy\u00ean khoa Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng (Khu IV), Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hi\u1ec1n (Khu III), Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00ed Di\u1ec3u (Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean) c\u0169ng khai gi\u1ea3ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1c tinh huy\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \\\"m\u1edf mang vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc trong th\u00f2i chi\u1ebfn\\\", t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t: n\u1ed9i dung gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c. N\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tri v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 6-1946, s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 147.000 em, t\u0103ng 47% so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc n\u00e0y v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12-1946. 277","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Li\u00ean khu IV (g\u1ed3m v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do: Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean Hu\u1ebf) c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u1ede Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh, n\u0103m h\u1ecdc 1947-1948 c\u00f3 470 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 55.444 h\u1ecdc sinh, 27 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi 5.000 h\u1ecdc sinh. So v\u1edbi n\u0103m h\u1ecdc 1946-1947, s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 3 l\u1ea7n. Phong tr\u00e0o b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 s\u1edbm c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u1eed x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1eadc h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec. Th\u00e1ng 4-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edd k\u1ef3 thi trung h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc khai gi\u1ea3ng nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh con em \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ng\u00e0y 17-6-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00fd S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc thu h\u00fat h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n con em nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u tinh, 60-70% \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00f3a m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. Phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u0103n h\u00f3a trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n thanh to\u00e1n xong n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. V\u00ea v\u0103n h\u00f3a - v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 Trong th\u1ebf \u1eeb\u1eadn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \\\"V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta\\\". Theo L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1c ba l\u00f4 l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Th\u00f4ng qua s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o, truy\u1ec1n thanh, th\u00f4ng tin, \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, k\u1ecbch, th\u01a1 ca, h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u1ea5u tranh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u b\u1ecbp b\u1ee3m, xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 c\u00e1o t\u1ed9i \u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, hun \u0111\u00fac ch\u00ed c\u0103m th\u00f9 gi\u1eb7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u00edn t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh. Nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn, ph\u00f3ng s\u1ef1, nh\u1ea1c ph\u1ea9m, th\u01a1 ca \u0111\u1ec1 cao 278","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh, ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u0110e \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, ngo\u00e0i b\u00e1o h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, h\u1eb1ng tu\u1ea7n, n\u1ed9i san c\u1ee7a Trang \u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh trong v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i san ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u1ede Li\u00ean khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc c\u00f3 t\u1edd n\u1ed9i san Tranh \u0111\u1ea9u. B\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Tinh b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Minh Cao B\u1eb1ng th\u00e1ng ra 3 k\u1ef3. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m lo khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch. B\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp s\u1ed1 287 ra ng\u00e0y 1-10-1947 \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh vi\u1ebft L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n Sinh. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, T\u1ed5ng B\u00ed th\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao th\u00e0nh t\u00edch ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, th\u01a1 ca, k\u1ecbch, h\u1ecda, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed..., nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \\\"C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0103n h\u00f3a mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m g\u00ec, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb b\u00e0ng quan\\\". C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, \u0110\u00e0i Ph\u00e1t thanh ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0110\u00e0i Ph\u00e1t thanh Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u1edd c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. v\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf Sau khi Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ra \u0111\u1eddi, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 \u0110 \u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n k\u00edp ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1945, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i khai gi\u1ea3ng kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi. Khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, b\u00e1c s\u0129, y s\u0129, d\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, thu\u1ed1c men, t\u1eadn t\u00ecnh c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c gian kh\u1ed5, thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp y v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c khoa tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh 279","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 v\u1ed1n qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh y d\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y - D\u01b0\u1ee3c sau nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y di chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1eebong r\u1eebng s\u00e2u. Th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1m c\u1ee9u th\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u1ea1m x\u00e1, ph\u00f2ng ph\u00e1t thu\u1ed1c, b\u1ec7nh x\u00e1, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh. Phong tr\u00e0o ba s\u1ea1ch: \\\"\u0103n s\u1ea1ch, u\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1ch, \u1edd s\u1ea1ch\\\" ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. 6. \u0110\u1ea5u tranh ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00e0 tranh th\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Ph\u00e1 v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quan h\u1ec7, tranh th\u00f9 th\u00eam b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, n\u00eau r\u00f5 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta v\u00e0 t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o t\u1ed9i \u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i sau khi ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn lan ra to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 v\u00e0 l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn Ph\u00e1p: T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12-1946 \u0111\u00e9n th\u00e1ng 3-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 8 l\u1ea7n g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Vincent Auriol, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \\\"l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh cho hai n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb hao ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa hai d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t - Ph\u00e1p\\\". Ng\u00e0y 1-1-1947, ch\u00fac m\u1eebng n\u0103m m\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, Vi\u1ec7t Nam bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. C\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00fac T\u1ebft T\u01b0\u1edbng Leclerc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi D'Argenlieu, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf. 280","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c Ng\u00e0y 3-1-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi \u0111i\u1ec7n cho B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Moutet. Ng\u00e0y 12-1, Vincent Auriol l\u00ean l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, Blum t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c, Paul Ramadier l\u00ean thay, Ph\u00e1p c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t li\u00ean l\u1ea1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u01b0ng Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e0y 7-1, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p n\u00eau l\u00ean thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0y 10-1, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i k\u00eau g\u1ecdi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, g\u1eedi \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u00c1n \u0110\u1ed9, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n \u00c1 \u0110\u00f4ng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u00e1p, nh\u00e2n s\u0129 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y 18, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi \u0111i\u1ec7n cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh. Song, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta bu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u1ed1i li\u00ean minh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u: Vi\u1ec7t - Mi\u00ean - L\u00e0o, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quan h\u1ec7 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 chi ra m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 v\u00f3i v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u00f9a c\u1ea3 ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Mu\u1ed1n h\u00e0o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do c\u00f9a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft: \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam chi gi\u1eef ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn ai. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n, \u0111em t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hung t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, h\u00f2ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong \u0111\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00e2u \u00c1. V\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam quan h\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u00e2u \u00c1...\\\". Ng\u00e0y 22-3-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1eed m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Li\u00ean \u00c1) h\u1ecdp \u1edf New Delhi. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ra l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. 281","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Th\u00e1ng 4-1947, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng Vi\u1ec7t ki\u1ec1u y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan, Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 l\u1eadp c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i B\u0103ng C\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan ngo\u1ea1i giao. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00f2ng th\u00f4ng tin. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 14-4-1947, c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u0169ng trong n\u0103m 1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u1eed ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch \u0111i g\u1eb7p gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Th\u00e1i Lan, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, \u00c1n \u0110\u1ed9. Ta c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 t\u1ecf b\u00e0y t\u00ecnh h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Trong th\u01b0 g\u1eedi H\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t - M\u1ef9 ng\u00e0y 2-9-1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c th\u00e2n \u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ngu\u1eddi M\u1ef9 h\u1ed3i ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ed1ng Nh\u1eadt, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta mong r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Ph\u00e1p gi\u00e0nh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp...\\\"1. II. CU\u1ed8C CHI\u1ebeN \u0110\u1ea4U CH\u1ed0NG \u0110\u1ecaCH M\u1ede R\u1ed8NG V\u00d9NG CHI\u00c9M \u0110\u00d3NG 1. Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 1-1947, tr\u00e0i qua n\u1eeda th\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau hao, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sinh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u00c2m m\u01b0u v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1nh \u00fap c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ta \u1edd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Cho\u00e1ng v\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f2n ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta, ngay \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p t\u1ee9c t\u1ed1c ph\u00e1i B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00edMinh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 5, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh trj qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, tr. 211. 282","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c Murius Moutet v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Leclerc sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u00ecm ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, T\u01b0\u1edbng Leclerc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh to\u00e0n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5 n\u1ed1i H\u00e0i Ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 - ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng do Leclerc \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. Ng\u00e0y 12-1-1947, sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1edd v\u1ec1, Leclerc ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00e9on Blum m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3: 1. Chi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; 2. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00f4i k\u00e9o c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1, k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i ch\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn tay sai; 3. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng 20.000 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a vi\u1ec7n binh sang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngay m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Leclerc, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 1 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3-1947, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u1ed3 \u1ea1t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5, Trung Trung B\u1ed9, \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc v\u00e0 T\u00e2y B\u1eafc nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00fai T\u00e2y B\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i. Ch\u00fang t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian, m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh binh l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00e0n l\u00ean tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed th\u00e1ch l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta, chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n 30 t\u1ec9nh \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9. 283","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 1 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1947, c\u1ecf vi\u1ec7n binh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh l\u00ean m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00e1nh \u1ed3 \u1ea1t \u1edf Trung Trung B\u1ed9, T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed5 5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 v\u00f9ng n\u00fai, v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng n\u00fai T\u00e2y B\u1eafc n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u00e0o, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf bao v\u00e2y ta t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n l\u00ean n\u00fai, t\u1eeb n\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfm c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Ch\u00fang t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u1eebong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian, m\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh binh l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch, nh\u1eefng m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn th\u1ecdc s\u00e2u vu h\u1ed3i, nh\u1eefng g\u1ecdng k\u00ecm bao v\u00e2y d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m kil\u00f4m\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00e0n lan \u1eeb\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. T\u1ea1i Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t xung quanh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 s\u1edd, g\u00e2y t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ea7u an, d\u1ee5 d\u1ed7, th\u00fac \u00e9p d\u00e2n h\u1ed3i c\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta ra ngo\u00e0i. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o ng\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1eady, \u0111\u1ee9ng ra l\u1eadp t\u1ec1, b\u1eaft d\u00e2n n\u1ed9p t\u00f4 cho \u0111\u1ecbch x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t. C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, c\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta. Ng\u00e0y 6-3-1947, Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n l\u1edbn gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y N am \u0110 \u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fang huy \u0111\u1ed9ng 1.500 qu\u00e2n, tr\u00ean 100 xe c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n l\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn, hai t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn, hai ca n\u00f4 t\u1eeb H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i xu\u1ed1ng Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00ea s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 15-5, khi \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eadp trung qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o G\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u00ea th\u00ec c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ta \u1edd c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed9c r\u00fat qu\u00e2n, k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1nh ngay t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh Nam. H\u01a1n 400 t\u00ean x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 D\u1ec7t. s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n, b\u1ecb ta v\u00e2y ch\u1eb7t trong khu nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ee3i. Song song v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm, m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0nh \u0111ai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y cai tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh T\u00f2a \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u00f2a \u0110\u1ed1c l\u00fd, S\u1edd c\u1ea9m, 284","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c S\u1edd M\u1eadt th\u00e1m li\u00ean bang (ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 - Nam - Ninh - Th\u00e1i), kho b\u1ea1c, c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n l\u00f4i k\u00e9o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n h\u1ed3i c\u01b0. T\u1ea1i Li\u00ean khu III, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 15-1, nh\u1eb1m chi\u1ebfm n\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh ga Xu\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0o (V\u0103n L\u00e2m, H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean), V\u0103n Th\u00e1i (C\u1eeda G\u00f2ng, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng). T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 2-1947, v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00e0nh lang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5 v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng ch\u00fang chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ea3 ng\u1ea1n ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y gay go, quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t m\u1edbi. T\u1ea1i H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t v\u00f9ng gi\u00e1p ranh. \u0110en cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3-1947, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 huy\u1ec7n. T\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, ng\u00e0y 7-2-1947, \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ee7y Nguy\u00ean. V\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u m\u1edbi v\u00e2y b\u1eaft c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ta h\u00f2ng s\u1edbm k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh. Th\u00e1ng 3-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p c\u1eed Bollaer sang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m Cao \u1ee7y thay D'Argenlieu \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n b\u00f9 nh\u1ec9n tay sai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 nh\u1eb1m ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ta. Bollaert tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n cho \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u00e2ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n l\u00ean 128.000 t\u00ean (85.000 \u00c2u Phi, 43.000 ng\u1ee5y qu\u00e2n). Sau khi c\u00f3 th\u00eam vi\u1ec7n binh, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, v\u00f9ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc. Chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n 30 tinh \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9. Th\u00e1ng 3 v\u00e0 4-1947, c\u00f3 th\u00eam vi\u1ec7n binh t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba 285","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 ch\u00e2u Phi, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ecdc s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, Ninh B\u00ecnh, Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, H\u00e0 Nam, H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, B\u1eafc Ninh, H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ki\u1ebfn An, Qu\u1ea3ng Y\u00ean nh\u1eb1m kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 quan chi \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng nhanh ch\u00f3ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh. T\u1ea1i Trung B\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u00e1c tinh Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, Qu\u00e0ng B\u00ecnh. T\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean, cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 1-1947, \u0111\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eefu ng\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng Tru\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 13-2, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm M\u1ef9 Ch\u00ednh. Ng\u00e0y 16-2, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. Ng\u00e0y 26-3, Ph\u00e1p d\u00f9ng t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn, ca n\u00f4 \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 uy hi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1edbi (Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh) v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 27-3, ch\u00fang d\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1edbi. Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 l\u00ean c\u1eeda s\u00f4ng Gianh, \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm Qu\u1ea3ng Khu\u00ea v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 30-3, \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm B\u1ed1 Tr\u1ea1ch. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1edd cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0o T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i - H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 Trung Trung B\u1ed9 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai, v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng n\u00fai T\u00e2y B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u00e0o, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf bao v\u00e2y Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam - \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng, tuy b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn d\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam s\u00f4ng Thu B\u1ed3n. Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 93 c\u1ee7ng qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n du k\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng anh d\u0169ng ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ecbch. Song v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. \u1ede T\u00e2y B\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, c\u0169ng t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 1-1947, \u0111\u1ecbch ra s\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Ch\u00fang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ecdn tay sai, l\u00f4i k\u00e9o ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u00e2m m\u01b0u d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean \\\"X\u1ee9 Th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\", \\\"X\u1ee9 M\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb\\\". Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u00f9 Thu\u1eadn Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm S\u01a1n La, H\u00e1t L\u00f3t, Mai S\u01a1n, T\u1ea1 Khoa, Chi\u1ec1ng Ban, Y\u00ean Ch\u00e2u, Than Uy\u00ean, Khan C\u1ecd. Tr\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 3, \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1edf ba cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm khu v\u1ef1c Ti\u00ean Y\u00ean, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, Ph\u1ea3 L\u1ea1i, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khu m\u1ecf H\u1ed3ng Gai. 286","Ch\u01b0omg IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c T\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, sau khi Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. C\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p sang, hai tu\u1ea7n sau, ng\u00e0y 21-3-1947, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh r\u1ed9ng ra ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh, chi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng. C\u0169ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb 21-3-1947, sau khi gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y cho Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh k\u00e9o l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i m\u1edd cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u1ee9 n g H\u00f2a, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ef9 (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng nay l\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i), n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecbch cho l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta t\u1eadp trung \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn khu, g\u1ea7n 5.000 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chia l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u1eeb Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh - Ph\u00f9 L\u00fd \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ecdc l\u00ean, t\u1eeb H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1nh xuy\u00ean v\u00e0o, h\u00f2ng l\u00f9ng ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 quan Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ta. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 3-1947, \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng \u0110u\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ecbch li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp m\u1edd nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh s\u00e2u v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n B\u1eafc Ninh, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang an to\u00e0n xung quanh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i giao th\u00f4ng Y\u00ean Vi\u00ean, Gia L\u00e2m v\u00e0 d\u1ecdc c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 1 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 5. T\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, sau khi \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm Th\u1ee7y Nguy\u00ean, An D\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1edf th\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u0111i H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy Ph\u00e1p huy \u0111\u1ed9ng 7 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec1u, Ch\u00ed Linh v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. Th\u00e1ng 5-1947, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Trong khi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edd B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ra s\u1ee9c v\u01a1 v\u00e9t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c d\u00f9ng b\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9i l\u1ed1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i, cung c\u1ea5p v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho b\u1ecdn n\u00e0y chia r\u1ebd h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n, l\u1eadp t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u0169 trang ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00f2ng l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Ngay t\u1eeb sau ng\u00e0y Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm Nam B\u1ed9, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n hai v\u00f9ng: v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm. V\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n do ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ta qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. V\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng 287","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 do Ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 ven \u0111\u00f4, c\u00f2n v\u00f9ng du k\u00edch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng do \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ta gi\u1eb1ng co nhau. Kinh t\u1ebf v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng du k\u00edch n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1 quan \u1ee9\u1ecdng trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i 9-1945. V\u00f9ng n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, trong n\u0103m 1946 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946 th\u00ec bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tinh cao nguy\u00ean Trung ph\u1ea7n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc nh\u01b0 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, Lai Ch\u00e2u, H\u00f2n Gai v\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11-1946 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. T\u1eeb khi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tru\u00f2mg c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u1edd mi\u1ec1n Trang v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc nh\u01b0 Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, Hu\u1ebf, \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng, ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. T\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u 1947, Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh r\u1ed9ng ra c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn, l\u00e0m cho v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1 nhanh. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1947, v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft Nam B\u1ed9, Nam Trung B\u1ed9, t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn khu do Vi\u1ec7t Minh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. V\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p M\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf Cao L\u00e3nh, Nh\u00e2n Ninh, M\u1ef9 An, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf T\u00e2n An, M\u1ef9 Tho, Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c, Long Xuy\u00ean. Kh\u00e1nh S\u01a1n, V\u0129nh Kh\u00e1nh \u1edf Kh\u00e1nh H\u00f2a, T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean. \u1ede Trung Trang B\u1ed9, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh lang bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng Nam ra Hu\u1ebf. \u1ede B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 ra xung quanh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, H\u00f2n Gai. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ed1t t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai nh\u01b0 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, Lai Ch\u00e2u, L\u00e0o Cai. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, v\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec7t Minh - h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai, ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1p ranh v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm, d\u00f9 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e0u, ngh\u00e8o, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb cao hay th\u1ea5p tuy s\u1ed1ng 288","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c trong v\u00f9ng Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng theo Ph\u00e1p. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. V\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn d\u00e2n c\u01b0 ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1945 v\u00e0 \u1edd B\u1eb3c B\u1ed9, Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1947. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 binh l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm l\u00e0 nh\u0169ng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Hu\u1ebf...), c\u00e1c h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn (H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng...), khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn (m\u1ecf than H\u00f2n Gai), \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbn (Nam B\u1ed9, B\u1eafc B\u1ed9), khu tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn (cao su, ch\u00e8, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9, T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, Trung B\u1ed9). V\u00e0, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e1i chi\u1ebfm x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u00e0y 15-5-1947, Cao \u1ee7y m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Bollaert \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 gieo tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n g\u00ec khi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111o\u1ea1t m\u1ea5t, thu ho\u1ea1ch\\\". Trong su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 lii\u1eddi k\u1ef3 lli\u00e1ng 9-1945 \u0111\u00e9n chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t B\u00e1c Thu \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1947, n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u1ecbch d\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 mong gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhanh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbch hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta nhanh ch\u00f3ng cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang ch\u01b0a ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ta v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i quy m\u00f4, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cho 10 n\u0103m\\\" (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Bourgoin), \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u00e2m m\u01b0u b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i quy m\u00f4 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946 tr\u1edf \u0111i, v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ec9nh thu\u1ed9c trung du B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 B\u1eafc Giang, 289","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 V\u0129nh Y\u00ean, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o tay qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. C\u00f2n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh Nam B\u1ed9 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y cai tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u00e0y 13-4-1947, t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf ra m\u1eaft H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u1ed5ng l\u00fd ch\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh. Ng\u00e0y 19-5-1947, t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ph\u00e1p l\u1eadp \u1ee7 y ban l\u00e2m th\u1eddi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng an d\u00e2n). Ng\u00e0y 1-10-1947, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Nam K\u1ef3 \u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7m cho Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Xu\u00e2n l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi. Ng\u00e0y 8-10-1947, t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Xu\u00e2n c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 danh s\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi Nam K\u1ef3. Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng: Xu\u00e2n, Ph\u00f3 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng: Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n H\u1eefu. Ng\u00e0y 29-9-1947, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 L\u00ea V\u0103n Ho\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c. Sau chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Thu \u0110\u00f4ng 1947, Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ra v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. Tuy kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1eaft giam b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Minh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c tinh T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t - Trung, ph\u00eda Nam s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1947, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t do Ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t do nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u00ean h\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng h\u1ed3i c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea3n c\u01b0. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, sau b\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng sao ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta, kh\u00f4ng sao ph\u00e1 n\u1ed5i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ta. Tuy gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng ta v\u1eabn l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ngay xung quanh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1ea5y v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Th\u00e1ng 5-1947, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eebng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, Cao \u1ee7y D \u2019Argenlieu b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7u h\u1ed3i. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng\u201d c\u00f9a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Th\u00e1ng 6-1947, t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft 290","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong 6 th\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, Ch\u00f9 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 chi r\u00f5: \u201cTh\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ea3i l\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang chi ti\u00eau v\u00e0o qu\u00e2n ph\u00ed m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea1c, ch\u00fang mong d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e0o \u1ea1t, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng trong v\u00e0i ba th\u00e1ng, c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t b\u00e8 l\u0169 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn mong ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, chia r\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ta. Song, \u00e2m m\u01b0u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i\u201d1. 2. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e2m m\u01b0u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, ng\u00e0y 12-1-1947, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 I h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: B\u1eb1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh nhanh, th\u1eafng nhanh\u201d, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ra s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng ra c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n chia r\u1ebd qu\u1ed1c gia, chia r\u1ebd d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tay sai \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"l\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfn tranh nu\u00f4i chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\", \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ta. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ee5 to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n: \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ecbch s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn v\u00e2y v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 1, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn S\u01a1n La, l\u1eadp x\u1ee9 Th\u00e1i, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 x\u1ee9 N\u00f9ng, n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i - S\u01a1n La. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edd nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \\\"c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft n\u1eafm vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn\\\" v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ra 3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00faa ta trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi l\u00e0: Tr\u00e1nh m\u0169i d\u00f9i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i; - Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng du k\u00edch chi\u1ebfn tranh, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi du k\u00edch chi\u1ebfn, phong t\u1ecfa kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n mau l\u1eb9; - T\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n l\u1ebb t\u1ebb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef ph\u1ea7n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau hao l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 5. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, \u1eef. 151. 291","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau hao cho t\u1edbi khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng\\\". H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00f2n ra th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n: \\\"S\u1eeba so\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb g\u1ea5p\\\". \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta. Tri\u1ec3n khai tinh th\u1ea7n H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00ean, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 14 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 16-2- 1947, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u00e1c trung \u0111o\u00e0n. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 do \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, B\u00ed th\u01b0 Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn D\u0169ng, C\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb. Sau khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ph\u00e1t huy tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u0169ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \\\"n\u1eafm v\u1eefng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0110\u1ea3ng, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1\\\"1. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 2-1947, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tham m\u01b0u \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \\\"Du k\u00edch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn\\\". Ng\u00e0y 4-3, Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ra Chi th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e1nh r\u1ed9ng ra, c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e0n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, c\u00f3 bi\u1ed9n ph\u00e1p b\u00e0o v\u1ec7 d\u00e3n, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng. Ng\u00e0y 6-3-1947, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy ra \\\"Hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n v\u00f9ng du k\u00edch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn\\\". V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh n\u00e0y, ta c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau hao, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u sinh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh khi chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac n\u00e0y, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \\\"ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\" v\u00e0 chi ra r\u1eb1ng \\\"t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\\\". Cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m 1. V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n qu\u0103n s\u1ef1 c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng, t\u1eadp II. Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1977, tr. 482. 292","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c c\u00e1c m\u0169i ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u1eadm h\u1eb3n tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng. Chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean g\u1ea7n 30 t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c trung \u0111o\u00e0n V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb, hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy ph\u00e0n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, duy tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. T\u1ea1i T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1947 c\u00f3 3 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn ch\u00ednh: m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn S\u01a1n La, Y\u00ean B\u00e1i v\u00e0 L\u00e0o Cai. \u0110i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau th\u1ed5, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf T\u00e2y B\u1eafc l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m ch\u00fa \u00fd. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201cti\u00eau th\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn\u201d, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c tinh T\u00e2y B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn kil\u00f4m\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c tinh do t\u00edch c\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i gian kh\u1ed5, \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o thanh ni\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch. C\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n Cam \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, V\u1ea1n H\u00f3a, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 L\u00e0o Cai \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, trung \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch... \u0110en gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1947, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c Khu X c\u00f3 4 trung \u0111o\u00e0n, 1 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 1 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ee7o binh. S\u00e1t c\u00e1nh c\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, gian nan, thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 48 S\u01a1n La li\u00ean t\u1ee5c su\u1ed1t trong g\u1ea7n 1 th\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh, tr\u1eadn ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 6, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 12, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. Ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf B\u1ea3n H\u00e1t, H\u00e1t L\u00f3t, N\u1eadm San (S\u01a1n La), qu\u00e2n ta chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u r\u1ea5t ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng, bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i lui qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 s\u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0. \u0110en gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 1, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edd m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y (T\u00e2y B\u1eafc), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng L\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf s\u1ea7m N\u01b0a. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 293","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau hao, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf uy hi\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u00e2y B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Trung B\u1ed9. \u1ede \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc, t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00ecnh L\u1eadp, H\u1ea3i Ninh, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n T\u00e2n Y\u00ean v\u00e0 Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 125 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 13, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec1u xe v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. \u1ede \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u00e0 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t tr\u00ean d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u00e0n ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f4ng khai ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4n x\u00f3m. Ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng khi n\u00e0o ng\u1edbt. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u h\u0103ng h\u00e1i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong t\u1eebng th\u00f4n x\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0u r\u00e8n th\u00eam \u0111ao ki\u1ebfm, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0o g\u1ed1c tre v\u00f3t th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u01b0\u1edfi l\u00ea, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba l\u00f4i, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n b\u00e1m x\u00f3m l\u00e0ng ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \\\"ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1eaft s\u1eeda, \u0111\u00eam ta l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1\\\". D\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch canh g\u00e1c cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u1ee5 chi\u00eam, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1c to\u00e1n qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c s\u1ee5c v\u00e0o th\u00f4n x\u00f3m, uy hi\u1ebfp t\u1ec1 ng\u1ee5y do Ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean. \u1ede Trung B\u1ed9, kh\u1eafp mi\u1ec1n B\u00ecnh - Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean th\u00e0nh tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba. B\u00e3i ch\u00f4ng ch\u1ed5ng qu\u00e2n nh\u1ea3y d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea3m t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edd c\u00e1c x\u00e3 b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9. V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e8o Ph\u01b0\u1edbc T\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e8o M\u0169i N\u00e9, b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Tru\u1ed3i (tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 1 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e8o H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n \u0111i Hu\u1ebf) v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch. \u1ede Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f9ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch b\u1ec1n bi b\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 9 t\u1eeb Lao B\u1ea3o, Khe Sanh, Cam L\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00f4i \u1edf R\u00e0o Qu\u00e1n. Tr\u1ea3i qua tr\u00ean 100 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n B\u00ecnh - Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, \u00e1c li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. \\\"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, theo L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i 294","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed\\\". Tuy nhi\u00ean, do tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00f2n non k\u00e9m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm v\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, n\u00ean t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra \u1edd m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau. \u1ede m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean, S\u01a1n La, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 r\u00e8n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \\\"l\u1eadp ph\u00f2ng tuy\u1ebfn d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n\\\" tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, n\u00ean d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i r\u00fat \u0111i, du k\u00edch r\u00fat theo. Qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c s\u1ee5c v\u00e0o l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m b\u1eafn gi\u1ebft, kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p tay ch\u00e2n c\u00f4 l\u1eadp \\\"t\u1ec1\\\" truy l\u00f9ng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh r\u1ed9ng ra, ng\u00e0y 5-3- 1947, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng: \\\"Trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi th\u1eafng hay b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng, c \u1ed1 t l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng\\\". Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u0103n d\u1eb7n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \\\"kh\u00f4ng hoang mang, ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eabn n\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3i c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd v\u1ec1 ta\\\"1. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy l\u1ea1i ra hu\u1ea5n l\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft chuy\u1ec3n h\u1eb3n sang du k\u00edch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n l\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1, b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng... \u1edf c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u1eeb\u1edf v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm ... Nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft s\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0omg v\u00e0 c\u00f9a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u1ed3 \u1ea1t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh du k\u00edch, c\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, khi Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u00eam vi\u1ec7n binh t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u Phi sang (th\u00e1ng 3, 4-1947), \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh l\u00ean 11 v\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ecdc s\u00e2u v\u00e0o h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u \u1eebanh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, Trung B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9. 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 5. Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995, tr. 80. 295","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tuy \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho kinh t\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, h\u0103ng h\u00e1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh du k\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f9m b\u1ecdc nhau t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nhau kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 sinh ho\u1ea1t khi \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111i qua. C\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 du k\u00edch c\u00e1c tinh d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01a1i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c b\u1eafn t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbch (Qu\u1ea3ng Y\u00ean), n\u01a1i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea3m t\u1eed ph\u1ed5i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi du k\u00edch d\u00f9ng bom ba c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1 xe t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbch (H\u00e0 Nam - Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh), n\u01a1i qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ecbch (H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u00e0 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa h\u1ed9i t\u1ec1 (Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean). Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e8o H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n, V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3ng Nam \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00f4i ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y 10 xe qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, di\u1ec7t g\u1ecdn 1 trung \u0111\u1ed9i, thu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed. \u1ede Quang S\u00e1n, V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, gi\u1eefa ban ng\u00e0y v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7t g\u1ecdn 1 trung \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ednh l\u00ea d\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u1ede Mi\u1ebfu M\u00f4n (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng), chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ta d\u00f9ng s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eafn r\u01a1i m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ecbch. \u1edf \u0110\u1ed3ng L\u00e2m, Y\u00ean N\u1ed9i (S\u01a1n T\u00e2y), b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean d\u00f9ng s\u00fang bad\u00f4ka do ta s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y xe t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbch. D\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng b\u00e1m \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 du k\u00edch C\u1ef1 Nam (Qu\u00e0ng B\u00ecnh), L\u00fd Nh\u00e2n (H\u00e0 Nam), C\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0 (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng), Ph\u00f9ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (S\u01a1n T\u00e2y), \u0110\u00ecnh B\u1ea3ng (B\u1eafc Ninh)... d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u00e0o l\u0169y \u0111\u00e1nh lui qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00fang tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o th\u00f4n x\u00f3m. T\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u1ee9 n g H\u00f2a - Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ef9 (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng), Trung \u0111o\u00e0n v\u1ec7 binh thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng chi huy, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u1eeba t\u1eeb n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n di\u1ec7t \u1ee9\u00ean 800 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. T\u1ea1i Nam B\u1ed9, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y l\u00e2m th\u1eddi Nam B\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e3 \\\"\u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch 296","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn\\\", g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, chia r\u1ebd h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9. \u1eda S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng, ph\u00e1 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ea3m t\u1eed li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i, \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1, thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y kho t\u00e0ng, di\u1ec7t l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t gian ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch l\u1edbn. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh nhanh, xung phong m\u1ea1nh, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y t\u1eebng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ea7u, xe, \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm t\u1eebng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn, di\u1ec7t g\u1ecdn t\u1eebng trung \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecbch. \u1ede c \u1ed5 C\u00f2 (Sa \u0110\u00e9c), V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n di\u1ec7t 6 xe qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 2 trung \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecbch. \u1edc T\u1ea7m Vu (C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1), V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n ph\u00e1t l\u1ec7nh b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft t\u00ean quan 5 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. \u1ede Gi\u1ec1ng D\u1eeba (M\u1ef9 Tho), V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh li\u1ec1n 2 tr\u1eadn, di\u1ec7t g\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c xe qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u1ede B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau, Th\u1ee7 D\u1ea7u M\u1ed9t, Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a, V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 t\u1eebng \u0111o\u00e0n xe l\u1eeda, di\u1ec7t h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1edf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t v\u00e0o c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng du k\u00edch c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf xung quanh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, trong n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ecbch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng canh g\u00e1c c\u00e1c ng\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1eeda \u00f4, b\u1ed1 r\u00e1p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c x\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ngh\u00e8o, \u0111\u1ea1c bi\u1ed9t theo d\u1ecdc v\u00f9ng k\u00eanh r\u1ea1ch. H\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Chi th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, Chi th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y l\u00e2m th\u1eddi Nam B\u1ed9: \\\"\u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn\\\", th\u00e1ng 1-1947, T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh B\u1ed9 khu VII tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n khu. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1947 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu: Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbch mua chu\u1ed9c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i, \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u1edf n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, v\u00f9ng cao su v\u00e0 d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng. 297","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta cu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, ph\u00e1 c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, b\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, d\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3ng ng\u0103n s\u00f4ng. V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao. Th\u00e1ng 5- 1947, t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 Tho, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta ph\u00e1 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c xe qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, di\u1ec7t h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edd h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n cao su b\u1ecb ph\u00e1, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n cao su ra v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do theo kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 l\u00e0m cho k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb b\u1ecb tan hoang, n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng. D\u00e3 t\u00e2m c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Khi chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n 30 tinh \u1edd B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung B\u1ed9, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c trung \u0111o\u00e0n V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Sau 4 th\u00e1ng t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng sao ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta, kh\u00f4ng sao ph\u00e1 r\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ta. Tuy gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng ta v\u1eabn l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ngay xung quanh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1ea5y v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Th\u00e1ng 5-1947, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eebng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng\\\" c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Th\u00e1ng 6-1947, t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong 6 th\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 chi r\u00f5: \\\"Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ea3i l\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang chi ti\u00eau v\u00e0o qu\u00e2n ph\u00ed m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y h\u00e0ng tr\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea1c. Ch\u00fang mong d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed3 \u1ea1t, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng, trong v\u00e0i ba th\u00e1ng, c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t l\u0169 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn, mong ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, chia r\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ta. Song, \u00e2m m\u01b0u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i... To\u00e0n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam chi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng: Quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. Chi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ed: Quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. 298","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. V\u1eeba kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c Chi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: Quy\u1ebft kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c...\\\". \u0110\u00e1p l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ra s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng to l\u1edbn. m. CHI\u00c9N TH\u1eaeNG VI\u1ec6T B\u1ea8C THU - \u0110\u00d4NG N\u0102M 1947 1. Tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda Ph\u00e1p Cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 10-1947, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ed5 ra cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua 10 th\u00e1ng. Trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chi\u1ebfn tranh Ph\u00e1p Coste Floret, sau chuy\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u00e1n \u1edd \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e1ng 5-1947, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \\\"\u1ede \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00fang ta (t\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p) l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n\\\", chi l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp h\u00f2ng che d\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i n\u1ebfm tr\u1ea3i. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ecdn hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p l\u00e2m v\u00e0o th\u1ebf l\u00fang t\u00fang, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p \u1edb \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee5c, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa Cao \u1ee7y v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u00eam s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D\u2019Argenlieu \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec7u h\u1ed3i T\u01b0\u1edbng Leclerc v\u1edbi l\u00fd do kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0 ngay t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7-1946, Valluy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed sang thay th\u1ebf T\u1ed5ng chi huy. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00ecnh, th\u00e1ng 3-1947, Cao \u1ee7y D \u2019Argenlieu c\u0169ng b\u1ecb th\u1ea3i h\u1ed3i v\u00ec b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m l\u00e0m tan v\u1ee1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t - Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Bollaert \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed sang thay th\u1ebf ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4-1947. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n 299","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 10 xung quanh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. Cho n\u00ean, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 5-1947, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eebng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Khi chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, Cao \u1ee7y \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng chi huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 chung quan \u0111i\u1ec3m: b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong c\u00f4ng v\u0103n g\u1eedi B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i Moutet, ng\u00e0y 12-3-1947, \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c D \u2019Argenlieu b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u01a1i di t\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 xin ph\u00e9p cho d\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n nh\u1ea3y d\u00f9 xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eaft H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1947, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, song nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Valluy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. \u0110\u00e2y th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Ph\u00e1p: \\\"\u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c + ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tay sai\\\". Valluy cho r\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ta t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc, v\u1edbi c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ch\u00f3p v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ph\u1ea3i \\\"l\u1eadp n\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh ch\u00f3p kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng t\u1eadp trung, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c theo th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc v\u00e0 theo m\u1ed9t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i hlnh ch\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Minh. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \\\"ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y... h\u00ecnh ch\u00f3p th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch...\\\". C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Moutet, Pignon, D \u2019Argenlieu, Valluy c\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. \u00c2m m\u01b0u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c tr\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eeba th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u1eeba c\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tay sai b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, v\u1eeba l\u00f4i k\u00e9o l\u1eeba m\u1ecb qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh, v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u1eeba b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh mi\u1ec1n Nam, v\u1eeba t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e8 b\u1eb9p tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. 300"]