Hồ Chí Minh toàn tập - Tập 7

["85 Hi\u00d6n t\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi AI M\u00a6U G\u00a2Y CHI\u00d5N TRANH? Ai c\u00f2ng bi\u00d5t, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 phe \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c do M\u00fc c\u00c7m \u00ae\u00c7u, Anh v\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p l\u00b5 v\u00a9y c\u00b8nh ch\u00ddnh. B\u00de l\u00a9m v\u00b5o kinh t\u00d5 kh\u00f1ng ho\u00b6ng, M\u00fc mong d\u00efng chi\u00d5n tranh \u00ae\u00d3 c\u2212\u00edp b\u00e3c c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, l\u00b5m ch\u00f3a th\u00d5 gi\u00edi v\u00b5 nh\u00ea \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00f8u v\u00b7n t\u00d7nh th\u00d5 nguy ng\u00cbp c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. K\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch M\u00b8csan \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m cho kinh t\u00d5 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc T\u00a9y \u00a2u ph\u00f4 thu\u00e9c v\u00b5o t\u2212 b\u00b6n M\u00fc. Khi c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc T\u00a9y \u00a2u \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00bec v\u00b5o tr\u00dfng, M\u00fc b\u00ccn \u00ae\u00c6t ra kh\u00e8i \u00a7\u00b9i T\u00a9y D\u2212\u00acng, l\u00b5m cho ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de v\u00b5 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00cay c\u00f2ng ph\u00f4 thu\u00e9c v\u00b5o M\u00fc n\u00e8t. M\u00fc l\u00b9i v\u00f2 trang T\u00a9y \u00a7\u00f8c v\u00b5 Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m c\u00a8n c\u00f8 cho ch\u00f3ng \u00eb T\u00a9y \u00a2u v\u00b5 \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng \u00b8. M\u00c6c d\u00c7u v\u00f2 trang T\u00a9y \u00a7\u00f8c l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c6t m\u00e9t con dao k\u00d2 c\u00e6 Ph\u00b8p, v\u00f2 trang Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n l\u00b5 gi\u00b8ng m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00dfn n\u00c6ng v\u00b5o kinh t\u00d5 Anh, Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 Anh v\u00c9n c\u00f3i \u00ae\u00c7u m\u00b5 ch\u00deu. Nay M\u00fc \u00aeang ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng r\u00b8o ri\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00abi k\u00d0o c\u00b8c ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng ch\u00a9u \u00b8 v\u00b5o kh\u00e8i Th\u00b8i B\u00d7nh D\u2212\u00acng, v\u00b5 ra s\u00f8c gi\u00f3p b\u00e4n ph\u00b6n qu\u00e8c nh\u2212 B\u00b6o \u00a7\u00b9i, T\u2212\u00ebng Gi\u00edi Th\u00b9ch, L\u00fd Th\u00f5a V\u00b7n, h\u00dfng ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i phong tr\u00b5o d\u00a9n t\u00e9c gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng \u00b8. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00a8ng s\u00e8 l\u00ddnh l\u00aan r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: \u00a7\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 6 n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i M\u00fc ch\u2212a \u00ae\u00c7y 1.500.000 ng\u2212\u00eai, hi\u00d6n nay t\u00a8ng \u00ae\u00d5n 3.000.000 ng\u2212\u00eai. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00a8ng s\u00e8 ti\u00d2n v\u00d2 binh b\u00de l\u00aan r\u00cat to, nh\u2212: M\u00fc - Tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00a9y, m\u00e7i n\u00a8m ti\u00aau \u00ae\u00e9 25 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u \u00ae\u00abla v\u00d2 binh b\u00de,","86 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp n\u00a8m nay t\u00a8ng \u00ae\u00d5n ngo\u00b5i 60 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u. V\u00d2 v\u00f2 trang, t\u00f5 n\u00f6a n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00f6a n\u00a8m nay l\u00b5 26 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u. M\u00b5 t\u00f5 n\u00f6a n\u00a8m nay \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00f6a n\u00a8m sau l\u00b5 58 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u. Tr\u2212\u00edc ng\u00b5y g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan, M\u00fc c\u00cap cho c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng 420 tri\u00d6u \u00ae\u00abla v\u00f2 kh\u00dd; 6 th\u00b8ng g\u00c7n \u00ae\u00a9y, t\u00a8ng \u00ae\u00d5n 1.900 tri\u00d6u. Anh - Ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch binh b\u00de n\u00a8m 1950 l\u00b5 800 tri\u00d6u b\u00b6ng (ti\u00d2n Anh). N\u00a8m nay t\u00a8ng \u00ae\u00d5n 1.490 tri\u00d6u b\u00b6ng. Ph\u00b8p - Ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch binh b\u00de n\u00a8m 1950 l\u00b5 420 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u (s\u00f9 th\u00f9c l\u00b5 684 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u). N\u00a8m nay t\u00a8ng \u00ae\u00d5n 740 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u (s\u00f9 th\u00f9c l\u00b5 1.000 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u). V\u00d2 m\u00c6t tinh th\u00c7n - C\u00b8c ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 phe M\u00fc c\u00cam kh\u00abng cho H\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e5ng h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00cay. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, ch\u00f3ng ra s\u00f8c tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n chi\u00d5n tranh. B\u00cay nhi\u00aau con s\u00e8 v\u00b5 b\u00cay nhi\u00aau s\u00f9 th\u00f9c \u00ae\u00f1 ch\u00f8ng t\u00e1: M\u00fc, Anh, Ph\u00b8p l\u00b5 th\u00f1 ph\u00b9m g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. AI GI\u00f7 G\u00d7N H\u00dfA B\u00d7NH? Li\u00aan X\u00ab l\u00b5 l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o phe h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh, g\u00e5m c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 m\u00edi v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc tr\u00aan th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, k\u00d3 c\u00b6 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n M\u00fc, Anh, Ph\u00b8p. Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 nhi\u00d2u l\u00c7n \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de v\u00edi c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc gi\u00b6m b\u00edt binh b\u00de, c\u00cam bom nguy\u00aan t\u00f6, 5 n\u2212\u00edc (Li\u00aan X\u00ab, Trung Qu\u00e8c, Anh, Ph\u00b8p, M\u00fc) c\u00efng nhau k\u00fd c\u00abng \u2212\u00edc h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh. Nh\u2212ng M\u00fc, Anh, Ph\u00b8p c\u00f8 t\u00f5 ch\u00e8i \u00ae\u00a9y \u00ae\u00c8y. Li\u00aan X\u00ab ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8ch thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c \u00ae\u00d3 tr\u00b8nh chi\u00d5n tranh m\u00b5 c\u00dfn t\u00f9 m\u00d7nh xung phong l\u00b5m g\u2212\u00acng m\u00c9u: \u00a7\u00b9i chi\u00d5n th\u00f8 hai v\u00f5a k\u00d5t th\u00f3c, th\u00d7 Li\u00aan X\u00ab li\u00d2n gi\u00b6i ng\u00f2 qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i. \u00a7\u00d5n n\u00a8m 1949, t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c l\u00edp binh s\u00dc c\u00f2 \u00eb Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00d2u gi\u00b6i ng\u00f2 h\u00d5t. Trong l\u00f3c c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c gi\u00b6m s\u00e8 chi ti\u00aau v\u00d2 v\u00a8n h\u00e3a, x\u00b7 h\u00e9i, kinh t\u00d5 \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00a8ng ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch binh b\u00de, th\u00d7 Li\u00aan X\u00ab t\u00a8ng chi ti\u00aau v\u00d2 v\u00a8n h\u00e3a, x\u00b7 h\u00e9i, kinh t\u00d5, m\u00b5 gi\u00b6m b\u00edt ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch binh b\u00de r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u. Th\u00dd d\u00f4:","hi\u00d6n t\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi 87 Ph\u00b8p - S\u00e8 chi v\u00d2 v\u00a8n h\u00e3a, x\u00b7 h\u00e9i n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i l\u00b5 8,5 ph\u00c7n tr\u00a8m t\u00e6ng ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch. N\u00a8m nay gi\u00b6m xu\u00e8ng c\u00dfn h\u00acn 7 ph\u00c7n tr\u00a8m. Ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch binh b\u00de n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i l\u00b5 684 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u quan, n\u00a8m nay l\u00b5 1.000 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u, m\u00b5 ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00d3 x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng kinh t\u00d5 qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 680 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u. Li\u00aan X\u00ab - Ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch binh b\u00de n\u00a8m 1940 l\u00b5 32 ph\u00c7n tr\u00a8m t\u00e6ng ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch, m\u00b5 n\u00a8m nay ch\u00d8 chi\u00d5m 23 ph\u00c7n tr\u00a8m. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai, chi ti\u00aau v\u00d2 v\u00a8n h\u00e3a, x\u00b7 h\u00e9i chi\u00d5m 27 ph\u00c7n tr\u00a8m v\u00b5 x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng kinh t\u00d5 th\u00d7 g\u00c7n 40 ph\u00c7n tr\u00a8m t\u00e6ng ng\u00a9n s\u00b8ch. Trong l\u00f3c c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c t\u00d7m m\u00e4i c\u00b8ch g\u00a9y t\u00a9m l\u00fd chi\u00d5n tranh, Li\u00aan X\u00ab v\u00b5 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 m\u00edi nghi\u00aam c\u00cam tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n chi\u00d5n tranh. Li\u00aan X\u00ab l\u00b9i \u00ae\u00c6t gi\u00b6i th\u2212\u00ebng r\u00cat to cho nh\u00f7ng chi\u00d5n s\u00dc \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t \u00ae\u00bec l\u00f9c trong phong tr\u00b5o g\u00d7n gi\u00f7 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi (gi\u00b6i th\u2212\u00ebng Xtalin). T\u00e3m t\u00bet m\u00cay \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f1 ch\u00f8ng t\u00e1 Li\u00aan X\u00ab l\u00b5 th\u00b5nh tr\u00d7 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. M\u00c6T TR\u00cbN TH\u00e8NG NH\u00caT TH\u00d5 Gi\u00edI Trong k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n, phe M\u00fc ch\u00bcng qua ch\u00d8 l\u00cbp l\u00b9i k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch c\u00f2 c\u00f1a H\u00ddtle. Trung t\u00a9m c\u00f1a k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n ch\u00e8ng c\u00e9ng. Nh\u2212ng phe M\u00fc qu\u00aan r\u00bbng: Ng\u00b5y nay l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng v\u00b5 uy t\u00ddn c\u00f1a Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 to th\u00aam nhi\u00d2u, c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00abng \u00a2u \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00b5nh d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 m\u00edi, c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Trung Qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00beng, nhi\u00d2u n\u2212\u00edc thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea \u00ae\u00b7 tho\u00b8t kh\u00e1i ho\u00c6c \u00aeang \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00d3 tho\u00b8t kh\u00e1i \u00b8ch \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi \u00ae\u00b7 gi\u00b8c ng\u00e9 v\u00b5 ch\u00b8n gh\u00d0t chi\u00d5n tranh. T\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng \u00cay \u00ae\u00b7 \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t th\u00b5nh M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. Tr\u2212\u00edc khi g\u00a9y ra chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, b\u00e4n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt c\u00f2 \\\"th\u00f9c t\u00cbp\\\" chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Abixini, \u00eb T\u00a9y Ban Nha, \u00eb M\u00b7n Ch\u00a9u. B\u00e4n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt m\u00edi hi\u00d6n nay \u00aeang \\\"th\u00f9c t\u00cbp\\\" chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam, \u00eb Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan, \u00eb M\u00b7 Lai. Nh\u2212ng M\u00fc \u00ae\u00b7 sa l\u00c7y \u00eb Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan. T\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00c7u th\u00b8ng 5, qu\u00a9n","88 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp \u00ae\u00e9i tinh nhu\u00d6 c\u00f1a phe M\u00fc \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00d5t v\u00b5 b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng h\u00acn 250.000. T\u00e6ng t\u2212 l\u00d6nh qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i \u00cay l\u00b5 M\u00b8c \u00b8ct\u00ac \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de c\u00b8ch ch\u00f8c. Anh \u00aeang m\u00bec k\u00d1t \u00eb M\u00b7 Lai. V\u00b5 trong m\u00e9t tr\u00cbn \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00eb Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan \u00ae\u00c7u th\u00b8ng 5, m\u00e9t ti\u00d3u \u00aeo\u00b5n 600 binh s\u00dc Anh ch\u00d8 c\u00dfn 50 t\u00aan s\u00e8ng s\u00e3t. Ph\u00b8p \u00aeang th\u00cat b\u00b9i \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam. Nguy\u00aan Th\u00f1 t\u2212\u00edng Ph\u00b8p l\u00b5 R\u00aan\u00ab c\u00abng khai nh\u00cbn r\u00bbng: \u00a7\u00d5n cu\u00e8i n\u00a8m 1950, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00d5t v\u00b5 b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng 40.486 t\u00aan (R\u00aan\u00ab ch\u00d8 nh\u00cbn m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n ba t\u00e6ng s\u00e8 ch\u00d5t v\u00b5 b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng). \u00a7\u00b9i t\u2212\u00edng Gio\u00a8ng nh\u00cbn r\u00bbng m\u00e7i n\u00a8m Ph\u00b8p hao t\u00edi 400 ng\u00b5n tri\u00d6u trong cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam. \u00a7\u00ea T\u00b8txinhi r\u00cat c\u00e3 th\u00d3 s\u00cf theo v\u00d5t xe c\u00f1a t\u2212\u00edng M\u00b8c \u00b8ct\u00ac, ho\u00c6c s\u00cf b\u00de m\u00cat m\u00b9ng nh\u2212 vi\u00aan T\u00e6ng ch\u00d8 huy kh\u00abng qu\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p l\u00b5 H\u00b8ct\u00acman v\u00f5a r\u00e5i. M\u00edi chi\u00d5n tranh v\u00edi ba n\u2212\u00edc nh\u00e1, m\u00b5 phe M\u00fc \u00ae\u00b7 gi\u00cbp \u00ae\u00c7u g\u00b7y c\u00b8nh, th\u00d7 n\u00d5u ch\u00f3ng li\u00d2u m\u00b9ng m\u00b5 g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, ch\u00f3ng s\u00cf n\u00b8t th\u00det, tan x\u2212\u00acng. M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng r\u00cat m\u00b9nh v\u00b5 ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n. Trong cu\u00e9c \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi cu\u00e8i n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i, h\u00acn 2.000 \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u, g\u00e5m c\u00b8c xu h\u2212\u00edng ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de v\u00b5 t\u00abn gi\u00b8o, thay m\u00c6t cho nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n 81 n\u2212\u00edc l\u00edn nh\u00e1, \u00ae\u00b7 nh\u00cat tr\u00dd th\u00abng qua b\u00b6n ch\u00ddnh c\u2212\u00acng g\u00e5m nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d3m: - C\u00cam tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n chi\u00d5n tranh, coi chi\u00d5n tranh l\u00b5 m\u00e9t t\u00e9i \u00b8c l\u00edn \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi nh\u00a9n lo\u00b9i. - C\u00cam d\u00efng bom nguy\u00aan t\u00f6. - Trung Qu\u00e8c nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tham gia Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c. - C\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00f9 do, \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp. - Ph\u00b6i ch\u00cam d\u00f8t chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh. - M\u00fc kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec can thi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00d5n \u00a7\u00b5i Loan, v.v.. Trong cu\u00e9c h\u00e9i ngh\u00de v\u00b5o h\u00b9 tu\u00c7n th\u00b8ng 2, H\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e5ng h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi ra tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn k\u00aau g\u00e4i nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi k\u00fd t\u00aan \u00ae\u00dfi n\u00a8m n\u2212\u00edc (M\u00fc, Anh, Ph\u00b8p, Li\u00aan X\u00ab, Trung Qu\u00e8c) k\u00fd c\u00abng \u2212\u00edc h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh. Ch\u2212a \u00ae\u00c7y ba th\u00b8ng m\u00b5 h\u00acn 240 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00bep c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00b7 k\u00fd t\u00aan \u00f1ng h\u00e9 b\u00b6n tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn \u00cay, v\u00b5 phong tr\u00b5o k\u00fd t\u00aan \u00aeang s\u00abi n\u00e6i","hi\u00d6n t\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi 89 kh\u00bep n\u00aci. Th\u00d5 ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 h\u00acn 240 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i chi\u00d5n tranh, t\u00b8n th\u00b5nh h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh. Phe \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c b\u00dea \u00ae\u00c6t r\u00bbng phong tr\u00b5o h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 phong tr\u00b5o c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n. S\u00f9 th\u00cbt t\u00e6ng s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n tr\u00aan th\u00d5 gi\u00edi hi\u00d6n nay ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 h\u00acn 20 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 ch\u2212a \u00ae\u00c7y m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n m\u2212\u00eai s\u00e8 ng\u2212\u00eai k\u00fd t\u00aan. H\u00acn n\u00f7a, C\u00abng gi\u00b8o c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc c\u00f2ng h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i \u00f1ng h\u00e9 phong tr\u00b5o n\u00b5y. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: V\u00f5a r\u00e5i (14-5), c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 th\u00ea \u00eb Anh \u00ae\u00b7 g\u00f6i th\u2212 cho Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c t\u00e1 \u00fd ch\u00dd \u00f1ng h\u00e9 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh, v\u00b5 k\u00dech li\u00d6t ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00f2 trang T\u00a9y \u00a7\u00f8c. C\u00abng gi\u00b8o ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9i h\u00e9i h\u00e4c sinh c\u00f1a phong tr\u00b5o C\u00e9ng h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh d\u00a9n (C\u00abng gi\u00b8o) \u00eb Ph\u00b8p k\u00dech li\u00d6t ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam. T\u00f4c ng\u00f7 ta n\u00e3i: \\\"V\u00e1 qu\u00fdt d\u00b5y (phe \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c) th\u00d7 c\u00e3 m\u00e3ng tay nh\u00e4n (phe d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh)\\\". N\u00a6\u00edC TA V\u00edI HI\u00d6N T\u00d7NH TH\u00d5 Gi\u00edI M\u00e9t b\u00aan l\u00b5 M\u00fc v\u00b5 Anh gi\u00f3p th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec n\u2212\u00edc ta, gi\u00f3p b\u00e4n b\u00ef nh\u00d7n ph\u00b6n qu\u00e8c chia r\u00cf nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta. M\u00e9t b\u00aan, phe d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 \u00f1ng h\u00e9 cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f1a ta, \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi \u00ae\u00dfi Ph\u00b8p ch\u00cam d\u00f8t chi\u00d5n tranh phi ngh\u00dca \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc ta; nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00dfi qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i th\u00f9c d\u00a9n ph\u00b6i r\u00f3t kh\u00e1i n\u2212\u00edc ta. Ngo\u00b5i c\u00b8c l\u00fd do kh\u00b8c, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng l\u00fd do gi\u00b6n \u00ae\u00acn, g\u00c7n g\u00f2i khi\u00d5n cho nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta ph\u00b6i h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i \u00f1ng h\u00e9 phong tr\u00b5o h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. Ta \u00f1ng h\u00e9 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch g\u00d7? B\u00bbng c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m cho l\u00f2 \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n y\u00d5u \u00aei t\u00f8c l\u00b5 b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch ra s\u00f8c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d3 ti\u00aau di\u00d6t th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00ae\u00e6 b\u00e4n can thi\u00d6p M\u00fc. B\u00bbng c\u00b8ch ra s\u00f8c \u00ae\u00c8y m\u00b9nh thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c. M\u00e7i binh s\u00dc ti\u00aau di\u00d6t th\u00aam m\u00e9t t\u00aan \u00ae\u00dech, m\u00e7i c\u00abng nh\u00a9n s\u00b6n xu\u00cat th\u00aam m\u00e9t vi\u00aan \u00ae\u00b9n, m\u00e7i n\u00abng d\u00a9n s\u00b6n xu\u00cat th\u00aam m\u00e9t c\u00a9n th\u00e3c, m\u00e7i tr\u00dd th\u00f8c c\u00e3","90 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp th\u00aam m\u00e9t ph\u00b8t minh, m\u00e9t s\u00b8ng t\u00b8c, \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5 th\u00aam m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00dfn n\u00c6ng v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00c7u th\u00f9c d\u00a9n. M\u00e7i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00f3ng t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat, \u00ae\u00f3ng ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch bi\u00aan ch\u00d5, \u00ae\u00f3ng c\u00c7n ki\u00d6m li\u00aam ch\u00ddnh, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 l\u00b5m kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ti\u00d5n mau th\u00aam m\u00e9t b\u2212\u00edc, th\u00beng l\u00eei \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00edm th\u00aam m\u00e9t ng\u00b5y. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 t\u00f8c l\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta \u00f1ng h\u00e9 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c. * ** V\u00d7 g\u00a9y ra Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai, m\u00b5 ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt c\u00f2 b\u00de ti\u00aau di\u00d6t. N\u00d5u b\u00e4n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt m\u00edi li\u00d2u m\u00b9ng g\u00a9y Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 ba th\u00d7 ch\u00f3ng c\u00f2ng s\u00cf b\u00de ti\u00aau di\u00d6t nh\u2212 b\u00e4n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c - \u00fd - Nh\u00cbt c\u00f2. Tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00a9y 80 n\u00a8m, M\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b7 d\u00f9 \u00aeo\u00b8n: \u00a7\u00e5ng minh c\u00f1a c\u00b8c t\u00c7ng l\u00edp lao \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc s\u00cf ti\u00aau di\u00d6t chi\u00d5n tranh. C\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00a9y ba th\u00b8ng, Th\u00e8ng ch\u00d5 Xtalin n\u00e3i: \\\"Cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh gi\u00f7a l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n v\u00b5 l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh c\u00e3 th\u00d3 k\u00d5t li\u00d4u b\u00bbng s\u00f9 c\u00f1ng c\u00e8 v\u00b5 duy tr\u00d7 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh, n\u00d5u nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc t\u00f9 m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00b6m \u00aeang l\u00cay s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p duy tr\u00d7 v\u00b5 b\u00b6o v\u00d6 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d5n c\u00efng...\\\". M\u00b8c v\u00b5 Xtalin kh\u00abng n\u00e3i sai. Nguy c\u00ac chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi tuy to, nh\u2212ng ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00e8 g\u00beng, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n to\u00b5n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi c\u00e8 g\u00beng, th\u00d7 l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n phe M\u00fc s\u00cf thua, l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh phe ta ch\u00bec th\u00beng. C.B. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 10, ng\u00b5y 27-5-1951.","91 Th\u00a6 g\u00f6i nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c nh\u00a9n ng\u00b5y qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 thi\u00d5u nhi Th\u00a9n \u00b8i g\u00f6i c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c, M\u00e5ng 1 th\u00b8ng tr\u2212\u00edc l\u00b5 Ng\u00b5y Lao \u00ae\u00e9ng qu\u00e8c t\u00d5. M\u00e5ng 1 th\u00b8ng n\u00b5y l\u00b5 Ng\u00b5y Nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng qu\u00e8c t\u00d5. Ng\u00b5y 1-5 l\u00b5 ng\u00b5y m\u00b5 t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng trong th\u00d5 gi\u00edi t\u00e1 r\u00e2 t\u00d7nh \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t v\u00b5 s\u00f8c \u00ae\u00cau tranh c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Ng\u00b5y 1-6 l\u00b5 ng\u00b5y c\u00f1a c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng trong th\u00d5 gi\u00edi t\u00e1 t\u00d7nh \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t v\u00b5 s\u00f8c \u00ae\u00cau tranh c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. M\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00edn th\u00d7 t\u00e1 t\u00d7nh y\u00aau qu\u00fd nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00b6o v\u00d6 l\u00eei quy\u00d2n cho nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng. Ch\u00f3, b\u00b8c, anh, ch\u00de ra s\u00f8c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n, ti\u00aau di\u00d6t th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00b9i can thi\u00d6p M\u00fc \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00f9 do, kh\u00e1i l\u00b5m n\u00ab l\u00d6. Ch\u00f3, b\u00b8c, anh, ch\u00de thi \u00aeua t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec no c\u00acm \u00cam \u00b8o. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00edn \u00ae\u00cau tranh cho nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng. M\u00b5 c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00cau tranh. C\u00b8c ch\u00b8u \u00ae\u00cau tranh th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? C\u00b8c ch\u00b8u: - Thi \u00aeua h\u00e4c t\u00cbp, - Thi \u00aeua gi\u00f3p t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, - Thi \u00aeua gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec gia \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00b8c th\u2212\u00acng binh, t\u00f6 s\u00dc. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u \u00ae\u00cau tranh.","92 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp C\u00b8c ch\u00b8u ph\u00b6i \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t, th\u2212\u00acng y\u00aau nhau, gi\u00f7a nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00edi nhau, gi\u00f7a nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00edi nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng Trung Qu\u00e8c, nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng Li\u00aan X\u00ab, nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 tinh th\u00c7n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5. V\u00edi tinh th\u00c7n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 \u00cay, sau n\u00b5y c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00d5 gi\u00edi l\u00edn l\u00aan s\u00cf kh\u00abng \u00b8p b\u00f8c nhau, xung \u00ae\u00e9t nhau, kh\u00abng chi\u00d5n tranh \u00ae\u00b8nh gi\u00d5t l\u00c9n nhau. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u s\u00cf th\u00a9n \u00b8i nhau, gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec nhau, c\u00efng nhau gi\u00f7 g\u00d7n v\u00b5 h\u2212\u00ebng th\u00f4 h\u00b9nh ph\u00f3c h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 d\u00a9n ch\u00f1. L\u00c7n n\u00b5y B\u00b8c n\u00e3i d\u00b5i qu\u00b8, c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u hi\u00d3u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kh\u00abng? Ch\u00b8u n\u00b5o kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u, th\u00d7 vi\u00d5t th\u2212 h\u00e1i B\u00b8c. B\u00b8c ch\u00f3c c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u m\u00b9nh kho\u00ce, vui v\u00ce, si\u00aang n\u00a8ng. B\u00b8c g\u00f6i c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u c\u00efng anh ch\u00de em nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00d5 gi\u00edi c\u00f1a c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u nhi\u00d2u c\u00b8i h\u00abn. B\u00b8C H\u00e5 B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1828, ng\u00b5y 29-5-1951.","93 Th\u2212 g\u00f6i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 v\u00b5 chi\u00d5n s\u00dc trung \u00aeo\u00b5n 209 Th\u00a9n \u00b8i g\u00f6i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 v\u00b5 chi\u00d5n s\u00dc Trung \u00aeo\u00b5n 209, C\u00b6m \u00acn c\u00b8c ch\u00f3 \u00ae\u00b7 g\u00f6i bi\u00d5u B\u00b8c l\u00b8 c\u00ea Ph\u00b8p c\u00b8c ch\u00f3 \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00cay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec trong cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00beng M\u00b9o Kh\u00aa. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t th\u00f8 qu\u00b5 qu\u00fd. Mong c\u00b8c ch\u00f3 thi \u00aeua di\u00d6t nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u00dech, c\u2212\u00edp nhi\u00d2u s\u00f3ng, l\u00cay nhi\u00d2u c\u00ea, th\u00beng nhi\u00d2u tr\u00cbn h\u00acn n\u00f7a. Ch\u00b5o th\u00a9n \u00b8i v\u00b5 quy\u00d5t th\u00beng Th\u00b8ng 5 n\u00a8m 1951 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH In trong s\u00b8ch H\u00e5 Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech v\u00edi c\u00b8c l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng v\u00f2 trang nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, Nxb. Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, 1962, tr.105.","94 Th\u2212 g\u00f6i h\u00b5ng binh Ph\u00b8p anbe1) Anbe th\u00a9n m\u00d5n, R\u00cat c\u00b6m \u00acn v\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai ch\u00b8u \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00f3c B\u00b8c nh\u00a9n d\u00dep sinh nh\u00cbt B\u00b8c v\u00b5 v\u00d7 \u00ae\u00e3ng g\u00e3p c\u00f1a ch\u00b8u v\u00b5o phong tr\u00b5o mua c\u00abng tr\u00b8i c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi. Ch\u00f3c ch\u00b8u \u00ae\u00b9t k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 trong c\u00abng vi\u00d6c, trong h\u00e4c t\u00cbp c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 trong vi\u00d6c thi \u00aeua tr\u00e5ng rau xanh. Ch\u00b5o th\u00a9n \u00b8i2) B\u00b8C H\u00e5 Th\u00b8ng 5 n\u00a8m 1951. B\u00f8c th\u2212 l\u2212u t\u00b9i Trung t\u00a9m L\u2212u tr\u00f7 Qu\u00e8c gia I, ph\u00abng PTT, h\u00e9p 107, HS: 1066. _______________ 1) B\u00f8c th\u2212 do Ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00b8nh m\u00b8y v\u00b5o th\u00b8ng 5-1951 b\u00bbng ti\u00d5ng Ph\u00b8p, c\u00e3 k\u00fd t\u00aan v\u00b5 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a b\u00bbng ch\u00f7 vi\u00d5t tay tr\u00aan gi\u00cay tr\u00beng kh\u00e6 r\u00e9ng 8,5 x 14,5 cm (BT). 2) Nguy\u00aan v\u00a8n: poign\u00d0e de main fraternelle (b\u00bet tay th\u00a9n \u00b8i) (BT).","95 \u00a7\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00f1a M\u00fc Ch\u00f3a Gi\u00aasu d\u00b9y: \u00a7\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c l\u00b5 b\u00b8c \u00b8i. Ph\u00cbt Th\u00ddch Ca d\u00b9y: \u00a7\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c l\u00b5 t\u00f5 bi. Kh\u00e6ng T\u00f6 d\u00b9y: \u00a7\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c l\u00b5 nh\u00a9n ngh\u00dca. C\u00dfn \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c M\u00fc th\u00d7: \u00a7\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c l\u00b5 gi\u00d5t ng\u2212\u00eai. N\u00d5u ai t\u2212\u00ebng t\u00abi n\u00e3i vu cho M\u00fc, th\u00d7 xin nghe nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai c\u00f1a v\u00b5i l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 M\u00fc sau \u00ae\u00a9y: T\u00e6ng tham m\u2212u tr\u2212\u00ebng M\u00fc n\u00e3i: T\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00d5n 18-5, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i M\u00fc \u00eb Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan ch\u00d5t v\u00b5 b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng h\u00acn 142.000 t\u00aan. Nghe v\u00cby, c\u00f9u T\u00e6ng th\u00e8ng M\u00fc t\u00aan l\u00b5 T\u00b8p n\u00e3i: \\\"N\u00aan d\u00efng l\u00ddnh ngo\u00b9i qu\u00e8c \u00aei \u00ae\u00b8nh, d\u00ef t\u00e8n k\u00d0m m\u00e9t ch\u00f3t c\u00f2ng c\u00dfn r\u00ce h\u00acn d\u00efng l\u00ddnh M\u00fc, v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai M\u00fc \u00ae\u00ec ph\u00b6i ch\u00d5t\\\" (20-5-51). T\u2212\u00edng M\u00c6t \u00b8c-t\u00d61) n\u00e3i: \\\"M\u00e9t vi\u00aan \u00ae\u00b9n may ra ch\u00d8 gi\u00d5t m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai Trung Qu\u00e8c, m\u00e9t b\u00a8ng s\u00f3ng m\u00b8y gi\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 10 ng\u2212\u00eai, m\u00e9t qu\u00b6 bom gi\u00d5t 100 ng\u2212\u00eai, m\u00e9t bom nguy\u00aan t\u00f6 gi\u00d5t v\u00b5i ng\u00b5n ng\u2212\u00eai th\u00abi. N\u00d5u ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i c\u00ac quan l\u2212\u00acng th\u00f9c, th\u00d7 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5m cho 50 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d5t \u00ae\u00e3i trong m\u00e9t l\u00f3c\\\". V\u00d7 v\u00cby, h\u00ben \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de bao v\u00a9y kinh t\u00d5 Trung Qu\u00e8c. T\u00aan Kinhxl\u00a9y (Kingsley) nh\u00cbn r\u00bbng: T\u00f5 ng\u00b5y M\u00fc \u00ae\u00e6 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00d5n nay, h\u00acn 3 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan tan nh\u00b5 n\u00b8t c\u00f6a, v\u00b5 h\u00acn 1 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d5t v\u00d7 bom \u00ae\u00b9n. _______________ 1) T\u00f8c M\u00b8c \u00b8ct\u00ac (Mac Arthur) (BT).","96 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp \u00a7\u00d3 g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi \u00ae\u00c6ng ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n \\\"\u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c\\\" \u00cay, ch\u00d8 trong 6 th\u00b8ng n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i, M\u00fc \u00ae\u00b7 gi\u00f3p cho b\u00cc l\u00f2 tay sai 350.000 t\u00can bom \u00ae\u00b9n. \u00a7\u00e3, b\u00b5 con th\u00cay ch\u2212a? C.B. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 12, ng\u00b5y 14-6-1951.","97 EM b\u00d0 tri\u00d2u ti\u00aan Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n n\u2212\u00edc Hung g\u00f6i thu\u00e8c t\u00c6ng qu\u00a9n v\u00b5 d\u00a9n Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan. C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd t\u00b5i x\u00d5 Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan ch\u00eb thu\u00e8c \u00aei. Xe \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng. M\u00cay h\u00abm tr\u2212\u00edc, \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng n\u00b5y b\u00de m\u00b8y bay M\u00fc t\u00b5n ph\u00b8. Anh \u00ae\u00e9i tr\u2212\u00ebng \u00aei kh\u00bep l\u00b5ng ch\u00d8 g\u00c6p m\u00e9t em b\u00d0 s\u00e8ng s\u00e3t v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e3i g\u00c7n ch\u00d5t. Anh li\u00d2n b\u00d5 em b\u00d0 v\u00d2 ch\u00e7 xe \u00ae\u00e7, cho em \u00a8n u\u00e8ng, em kho\u00ce l\u00b9i ngay. V\u00f5a l\u00f3c \u00ae\u00e3, m\u00b8y bay M\u00fc \u00ae\u00d5n. Anh \u00ae\u00e9i tr\u2212\u00ebng ra l\u00d6nh: \\\"Ch\u00d5t c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i c\u00f8u l\u00cay thu\u00e8c!\\\". C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd t\u00b5i x\u00d5 kh\u00abng qu\u00b6n bom \u00ae\u00b9n, \u00ae\u00d2u xung phong mang gi\u00cau nh\u00f7ng h\u00dfm thu\u00e8c v\u00b5o h\u00c7m h\u00e8. M\u00b8y bay M\u00fc \u00aei r\u00e5i, anh em xem l\u00b9i, th\u00d7 th\u00cay em b\u00d0 dang hai tay n\u00bbm che l\u00cay hai h\u00dfm thu\u00e8c, l\u2212ng em b\u00de 5 vi\u00aan \u00ae\u00b9n xuy\u00aan qua, m\u00b8u ch\u00b6y lai l\u00b8ng. Em b\u00d0 \u00ae\u00b7 hy sinh \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00f8u hai h\u00dfm thu\u00e8c. Thu\u00e8c c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n n\u2212\u00edc Hung. C\u00abng c\u00f1a chi\u00d5n s\u00dc Trung Qu\u00e8c. M\u00b8u c\u00f1a em b\u00d0 Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan. Ba th\u00f8 \u00cay h\u00dfa l\u00c9n, th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t t\u00cam g\u2212\u00acng tinh th\u00c7n y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc k\u00d5t h\u00eep v\u00edi tinh th\u00c7n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5. Em b\u00d0 Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan th\u00cbt l\u00b5 anh h\u00efng. Em b\u00d0 Vi\u00d6t Nam, c\u00b8c ch\u00b8u B\u00b8c H\u00e5, c\u00f2ng nhi\u00d2u em anh h\u00efng. Tr\u00ce con anh h\u00efng ch\u00f8ng t\u00e1 c\u00b6 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c anh h\u00efng. V\u00edi ch\u00dd kh\u00dd anh h\u00efng do l\u00dfng y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 tinh th\u00c7n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 hun \u00ae\u00f3c, nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh \u00ae\u00b8nh tan \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00e4n \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c tham t\u00b5n.","98 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp Kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00beng l\u00eei. Kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n Vi\u00d6t Nam nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00beng l\u00eei. V\u00d7 hai d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00ae\u00d2u anh h\u00efng. C.B. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 13, ng\u00b5y 21-6-1951.","99 Li\u00aan x\u00ab v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i M\u2212\u00eai n\u00a8m tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00a9y, h\u00abm 22-6-1941, ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c b\u00cat th\u00d7nh l\u00d7nh \u00b5o \u00b9t ti\u00d5n c\u00abng Li\u00aan X\u00ab. Sau khi \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00d1p Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 l\u00b5m ch\u00f3a ph\u00c7n l\u00edn l\u00f4c \u00ae\u00dea ch\u00a9u \u00a2u, \u00a7\u00f8c ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt d\u00e8c h\u00c7u h\u00d5t s\u00f8c ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00b5 s\u00f8c c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b8nh Li\u00aan X\u00ab. Tr\u00aan m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn d\u00b5i 1.500 c\u00a9y s\u00e8, \u00a7\u00f8c d\u00efng \u00ae\u00d5n 257 s\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n. C\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci, trong m\u00e9t c\u00a9y s\u00e8, \u00a7\u00f8c d\u00efng g\u00c7n 150 xe t\u00a8ng v\u00b5 200 s\u00f3ng l\u00edn. Song, \\\"v\u00e1 qu\u00fdt d\u00b5y, c\u00e3 m\u00e3ng tay nh\u00e4n\\\". Qu\u00a9n v\u00b5 d\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f9c k\u00fa d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m, v\u00edi m\u00e9t tinh th\u00c7n quy\u00d5t th\u00beng, M\u00b9c T\u2212 Khoa, L\u00aaningr\u00b8t, Xtalingr\u00b8t, v.v., l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng g\u2212\u00acng ch\u00e3i s\u00b8ng \u00ae\u00d5n mu\u00abn thu v\u00b5 kh\u00bep th\u00d5 gi\u00edi tinh th\u00c7n kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i c\u00f1a Li\u00aan X\u00ab. L\u00aaningr\u00b8t b\u00de v\u00a9y ch\u00c6t t\u00f5 m\u00efa Thu 1941. Su\u00e8t ng\u00b5y \u00ae\u00aam, m\u00b8y bay v\u00b5 s\u00f3ng l\u00edn \u00ae\u00dech b\u00ben ph\u00b8 kh\u00abng ng\u00f5ng. Nh\u00b5 c\u00f6a tan t\u00b5nh. Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e3i, r\u00d0t, ch\u00d5t. Nh\u2212ng c\u00b5ng gian kh\u00e6, ch\u00dd kh\u00dd c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n v\u00b5 d\u00a9n c\u00b5ng h\u00a8ng. K\u00d5t qu\u00b6 l\u00b5 m\u00efa Xu\u00a9n 1944, L\u00aaningr\u00b8t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng. Ngo\u00b9i \u00ab L\u00aaningr\u00b8t tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t b\u00b7i tha ma ch\u00abn v\u00efi l\u00f2 \u00a7\u00f8c x\u00a9m l\u00a8ng. M\u00b9c T\u2212 Khoa b\u00de 51 s\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n \u00a7\u00f8c bao v\u00a9y. To\u00b5n d\u00a9n M\u00b9c T\u2212 Khoa, g\u00b8i trai gi\u00b5 tr\u00ce, \u00ae\u00d2u tham gia vi\u00d6c gi\u00f7 th\u00b5nh ch\u00e8ng gi\u00c6c. 12 v\u00b9n thanh ni\u00aan nam n\u00f7 v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e9i t\u00f9 v\u00d6 th\u00b5nh, c\u00efng H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b8nh gi\u00c6c. Ng\u00b5y 2-10-1941, H\u00ddtle tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 \u00ae\u00d5n 7-11 (ng\u00b5y k\u00fb ni\u00d6m C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng M\u2212\u00eai), h\u00ben s\u00cf duy\u00d6t binh trong M\u00b9c T\u2212 Khoa. Song \u00ae\u00d5n","100 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp ng\u00b5y \u00cay, H\u00ddtle v\u00b5 qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i \u00a7\u00f8c b\u00de \u00ae\u00b8nh lui, v\u00b5 qu\u00a9n d\u00a9n M\u00b9c T\u2212 Khoa th\u00beng tr\u00cbn, bi\u00d3u t\u00d7nh tr\u2212\u00edc Th\u00e8ng ch\u00d5 Xtalin. \u00a7\u00aam l\u00c9n ng\u00b5y, 1.500 s\u00f3ng l\u00edn v\u00b5 h\u00b5ng tr\u00a8m m\u00b8y bay \u00a7\u00f8c gi\u00e9i bom \u00ae\u00b9n v\u00b5o Xtalingr\u00b8t. Th\u00b5nh b\u00de \u00ae\u00b5o s\u00a9u h\u00e3a ra h\u00b5o. H\u00b5o b\u00de l\u00cap cao h\u00e3a ra th\u00b5nh. Sau khi gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng, t\u00ddnh l\u00b9i \u00eb \u00ae\u00e3, H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 hy sinh 46.700 ng\u2212\u00eai. Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00dech ch\u00d5t 147.200 t\u00aan, b\u00de b\u00bet 110.000 t\u00aan, trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 c\u00b6 vi\u00aan t\u2212 l\u00d6nh \u00a7\u00f8c l\u00b5 Th\u00e8ng ch\u00d5 Ph\u00abn P\u00ablu\u00fdt (Von Paulus) v\u00b5 26 t\u2212\u00edng \u00a7\u00f8c kh\u00b8c. Con s\u00e8 \u00cay \u00ae\u00f1 t\u00e1 cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau gay go th\u00d5 n\u00b5o, v\u00b5 qu\u00a9n d\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab anh d\u00f2ng th\u00d5 n\u00b5o. Trong cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh ch\u00e8ng ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c, du k\u00ddch Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 gi\u00f7 m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00dea v\u00de v\u00ce vang v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m tr\u00dfn nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a h\u00e4: Lu\u00abn lu\u00abn l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00dech \u00a8n kh\u00abng ngon, ng\u00f1 kh\u00abng y\u00aan, lu\u00abn lu\u00abn qu\u00cay r\u00e8i ch\u00f3ng, ti\u00aau di\u00d6t ch\u00f3ng, ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i ch\u00f3ng. Ngo\u00b5i nh\u00f7ng anh h\u00efng du k\u00ddch nh\u2212 K\u00e8pp\u00b8c (Kovpak), Ph\u00aa\u00ae\u00aar\u00e8p (F\u00d0derov), v.v., c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng n\u00f7 anh h\u00efng nh\u2212 D\u00abia (Zoia), thi\u00d5u nhi anh h\u00efng nh\u2212 S\u00aakalin (Ch\u00d0kaline), m\u00b5 qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00dech nghe t\u00aan \u00ae\u00b7 r\u00efng m\u00d7nh, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b6 n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00d2u khen ng\u00eei. \u00eb h\u00cbu ph\u2212\u00acng, v\u00edi phong tr\u00b5o thi \u00aeua, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n v\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, cung c\u00cap \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 v\u00f2 kh\u00dd, v\u00b5 l\u2212\u00acng th\u00f9c cho b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i. Ngo\u00b5i c\u00abng l\u2212\u00acng, c\u00abng tr\u00b8i, n\u00abng d\u00a9n c\u00dfn quy\u00aan gi\u00f3p b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i h\u00acn 20.000 tri\u00d6u \u00ae\u00e5ng r\u00f3p v\u00b5 nhi\u00d2u qu\u00b5 kh\u00b8c. Trong phong tr\u00b5o thi \u00aeua v\u00b5 quy\u00aan gi\u00f3p, th\u2212\u00eang th\u2212\u00eang ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 v\u00b5 thanh ni\u00aan l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai xung phong. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lao \u00ae\u00e9ng tr\u00dd \u00e3c thi \u00aeua ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n khoa h\u00e4c \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00f4ng s\u00f9 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n. Ng\u00b5nh thu\u00e8c th\u00d7 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng chi\u00d5n s\u00dc nh\u2212 \u00abng Bu\u00e8c\u00aeenc\u00ab (Bourdenko), c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p nh\u2212 \u00abng B\u00b8c\u00aein (Bardine), n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p nh\u2212 \u00abng L\u00ddtxenc\u00ab (Lyssenko), v\u00a8n ngh\u00d6 nh\u2212 \u00abng Erenbua (Erhenbourg), v.v.. Sau 4 n\u00a8m kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n anh d\u00f2ng, ng\u00b5y 2-5-1944, H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n chi\u00d5m B\u00d0clanh, Th\u00f1 \u00ae\u00ab n\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00f8c. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 Li\u00aan X\u00ab ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n th\u00beng l\u00eei. N\u00a8m 1918-1920, khi c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng m\u00edi th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00beng qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i 14 \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c li\u00aan k\u00d5t v\u00edi l\u00f2 Nga gian. Nh\u00ea h\u00acn","li\u00aan x\u00ab v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i 101 20 n\u00a8m x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng, Li\u00aan X\u00ab l\u00b9i to\u00b5n th\u00beng trong cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh to nh\u00cat v\u00b5 kh\u00f1ng khi\u00d5p nh\u00cat c\u00f1a l\u00dech s\u00f6 lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00f5 tr\u2212\u00edc t\u00edi nay. Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00beng l\u00eei \u00cay l\u00b5 v\u00d7: 1- Ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, qu\u00a9n s\u00f9, kinh t\u00d5, x\u00b7 h\u00e9i c\u00f1a Li\u00aan X\u00ab r\u00cat v\u00f7ng ch\u00bec. 2- Qu\u00a9n v\u00b5 d\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab r\u00cat ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m, r\u00cat \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t, nh\u00cat tr\u00dd. 3- S\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a Th\u00e8ng ch\u00d5 Xtalin v\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Li\u00aan X\u00ab r\u00cat s\u00b8ng su\u00e8t. 4- Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n lao \u00ae\u00e9ng to\u00b5n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi nhi\u00d6t li\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e5ng t\u00d7nh v\u00edi Li\u00aan X\u00ab. Ngay sau cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n, Li\u00aan X\u00ab b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch 5 n\u00a8m l\u00c7n th\u00f8 4 m\u00b5 hi\u00d6n nay, \u00ae\u00b7 ho\u00b5n th\u00b5nh v\u2212\u00eet m\u00f8c. L\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng v\u00b5 uy t\u00ddn c\u00f1a Li\u00aan X\u00ab ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng to l\u00edn, l\u00b5m cho phe d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng m\u00b9nh th\u00aam. S\u00b8u n\u00a8m tr\u2212\u00edc, phe ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de ti\u00aau di\u00d6t. Ng\u00b5y nay, n\u00d5u phe ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt M\u00fc l\u00a8m le m\u00eb Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 ba \u00ae\u00d3 x\u00a9m ph\u00b9m Li\u00aan X\u00ab v\u00b5 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, di\u00d4n l\u00b9i ng\u00b5y 22-6, th\u00d7 Li\u00aan X\u00ab v\u00b5 phe d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh s\u00cf c\u00e3 l\u00b9i ng\u00b5y 2-5. C.B. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 13, ng\u00b5y 21-6-1951.","102 \u00a7i theo ma, m\u00c6c \u00b8o gi\u00cay Khi th\u00cay ta khoan h\u00e5ng, nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00ef binh Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 h\u00e8i h\u00cbn v\u00b5 t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e9ng k\u00d3 l\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng t\u00e9i \u00b8c c\u00f1a b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p, nh\u2212: ch\u00abn s\u00e8ng ng\u2212\u00eai gi\u00b5, x\u00d0 x\u00b8c tr\u00ce con, ch\u00e4c ti\u00d5t thanh ni\u00aan, h\u00b7m hi\u00d5p ph\u00f4 n\u00f7... L\u00ddnh M\u00fc b\u00de b\u00bet \u00eb Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan c\u00f2ng v\u00cby. Nh\u2212 vi\u00aan quan hai M\u00fc t\u00aan l\u00b5 M\u00e8t (Moss) thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00e9i ph\u00b8o binh S\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00f8 24 n\u00e3i r\u00bbng: Th\u00b8ng 10 n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i ch\u00ddnh y tr\u00abng th\u00cay 4 t\u00aan l\u00ddnh M\u00fc trong s\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 thay phi\u00aan h\u00b7m hi\u00d5p m\u00e9t ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan c\u00e3 thai 4 th\u00b8ng. T\u00aan quan ba M\u00fc \u00ae\u00b7 kh\u00abng ng\u00a8n c\u00b6n ch\u00f3ng, m\u00b5 l\u00b9i c\u00f2ng l\u00b5m theo ch\u00f3ng. L\u00ddnh M\u00fc th\u2212\u00eang v\u00b5o c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 c\u2212\u00edp \u00ae\u00e5 \u00ae\u00b9c v\u00b5 ti\u00d2n b\u00b9c. N\u00d5u ch\u00f1 nh\u00b5 than phi\u00d2n th\u00d7 b\u00de ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00ae\u00cbp. N\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i, khi qu\u00a9n M\u00fc r\u00f3t kh\u00e1i B\u00bec Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan, b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i M\u00fc \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00d6nh c\u00f1a M\u00c6t \u00b8c-t\u00d6: R\u00f3t \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00a9u th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00e8t s\u00b9ch, ph\u00b8 s\u00b9ch \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e3. Vi\u00aan quan hai M\u00e8t k\u00d5t lu\u00cbn: - Theo s\u00f9 tai nghe m\u00bet th\u00cay c\u00f1a t\u00abi th\u00d7 ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c M\u00fc l\u00b5 k\u00ce x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan. \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1848, ng\u00b5y 26-6-1951.","103 \u00a7i\u00d6n g\u00f6i c\u00b8c chi\u00d5n s\u00dc tham gia chi\u00d5n d\u00dech Quang Trung34 B\u00b8c r\u00cat vui l\u00dfng nh\u00cbn \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tin th\u00beng l\u00eei c\u00f1a c\u00b8c ch\u00f3 tr\u00aan chi\u00d5n tr\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00bbng, \u00eb Ninh B\u00d7nh - Ph\u00f1 L\u00fd - H\u00b5 \u00a7\u00abng. C\u00b8c ch\u00f3 \u00ae\u00b7 ti\u00aau di\u00d6t h\u00acn 20 \u00ae\u00b9i \u00ae\u00e9i \u00ae\u00dech, \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m lay \u00ae\u00e9ng tinh th\u00c7n ng\u00f4y qu\u00a9n, \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n chi\u00d5n tranh du k\u00ddch, b\u00b6o v\u00d6 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, b\u00b6o v\u00d6 m\u00efa m\u00b5ng. B\u00b8c th\u00a9n \u00b8i g\u00f6i l\u00eai khen ng\u00eei to\u00b5n th\u00d3 c\u00b8c ch\u00f3 v\u00b5 h\u00e1i th\u00a8m anh em th\u2212\u00acng binh. Ch\u00f3c c\u00b8c ch\u00f3 m\u00b9nh kho\u00ce v\u00b5 c\u00e8 g\u00beng \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00beng nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn, l\u00edn h\u00acn n\u00f7a. B\u00b8c h\u00abn c\u00b8c ch\u00f3. Ch\u00b5o th\u00a9n \u00b8i v\u00b5 quy\u00d5t th\u00beng Ng\u00b5y 27 th\u00b8ng 6 n\u00a8m 1951 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH T\u00b5i li\u00d6u l\u2212u t\u00b9i B\u00b6o t\u00b5ng C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Vi\u00d6t Nam.","104 \u00a7i\u00d6n m\u00f5ng nh\u00a9n k\u00fb ni\u00d6m m\u00e9t n\u00a8m cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng m\u00fc c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n tri\u00d2u ti\u00aan K\u00ddnh g\u00f6i Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech Kim Nh\u00cbt Th\u00b5nh, n\u2212\u00edc C\u00e9ng h\u00dfa Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan, Nh\u00a9n ng\u00b5y k\u00fb ni\u00d6m Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n m\u00e9t n\u00a8m, t\u00abi xin nh\u00a9n danh t\u00abi v\u00b5 thay m\u00c6t cho Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i c\u00efng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam k\u00ddnh ch\u00f3c Ng\u00b5i m\u00b9nh kho\u00ce v\u00b5 nh\u00ea Ng\u00b5i chuy\u00d3n l\u00eai ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi th\u00a9n \u00b8i ch\u00f3c Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n qu\u00fd qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 qu\u00a9n ch\u00dd nguy\u00d6n Trung Qu\u00e8c. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi ch\u00bec r\u00bbng: D\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o s\u00b8ng su\u00e8t c\u00f1a Ng\u00b5i, v\u00edi s\u00f9 \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t v\u00b5 anh d\u00f2ng c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n v\u00b5 qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00fd qu\u00e8c, th\u00aam v\u00b5o s\u00f9 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n v\u00b5 qu\u00a9n ch\u00dd nguy\u00d6n Trung Qu\u00e8c c\u00efng s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e5ng t\u00d7nh s\u00e8t s\u00beng c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n to\u00b5n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f1a Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00beng l\u00eei. Hai d\u00a9n t\u00e9c Tri\u00d2u - Vi\u00d6t \u00ae\u00d2u \u00eb trong \u00ae\u00b9i gia \u00ae\u00d7nh d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 m\u00edi, \u00ae\u00d2u \u00aeang kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f8u n\u2212\u00edc, \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce th\u00ef chung l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec do M\u00fc c\u00c7m \u00ae\u00c7u, cho n\u00aan th\u00beng l\u00eei c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 th\u00beng l\u00eei c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam, th\u00beng l\u00eei c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 th\u00beng l\u00eei c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan. Cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f1a hai d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ta s\u00cf tr\u2212\u00eang k\u00fa v\u00b5 gian kh\u00e6. Nh\u2212ng ch\u00f3ng ta \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e8 g\u00beng, \u00ae\u00d2u \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t, \u00ae\u00d2u ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t, cho n\u00aan th\u00beng l\u00eei cu\u00e8i c\u00efng nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh v\u00d2 tay hai d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ch\u00f3ng ta. Do","\u00aei\u00d6n m\u00f5ng nh\u00a9n k\u00fb ni\u00d6m m\u00e9t n\u00a8m cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n... 105 \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 hai d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ta thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c gi\u00f3p s\u00f8c v\u00b5o s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p b\u00b6o v\u00d6 d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 v\u00b5 h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. T\u00abi k\u00ddnh g\u00f6i Ng\u00b5i l\u00eai ch\u00b5o th\u00a9n m\u00d5n v\u00b5 quy\u00d5t th\u00beng. H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH \u00a7i\u00d6n g\u00f6i ng\u00b5y 28-6-1951. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 14, ng\u00b5y 28-6-1951.","106 V\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng ng\u00f4y binh Tr\u00aan chi\u00d5n tr\u2212\u00eang Li\u00aan khu III v\u00f5a r\u00e5i, nhi\u00d2u ng\u00f4y binh \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00e1 Ph\u00b8p m\u00b5 quay v\u00d2 v\u00edi T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c. C\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci nh\u2212 \u00ae\u00e5n B\u00d5n Xanh anh em ng\u00f4y binh gi\u00d5t t\u00aan ch\u00d8 huy Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 tr\u00e3i 3 t\u00aan l\u00ddnh Ph\u00b8p r\u00e5i \u00ae\u2212a c\u00b6 gi\u00c6c c\u00b6 s\u00f3ng sang h\u00b5ng ng\u00f2 ta. Nh\u2212 v\u00cby n\u00aan b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ta l\u00cay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00cay v\u00de tr\u00dd m\u00b5 kh\u00abng m\u00cat m\u00e9t vi\u00aan \u00ae\u00b9n, kh\u00abng t\u00e8n m\u00e9t gi\u00e4t m\u00b8u. C\u00e3 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7: - B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ta c\u00e3 ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch \u2212u \u00ae\u00b7i ng\u00f4y binh \u00ae\u00b7 gi\u00b8c ng\u00e9. - Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ta c\u00e3 ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch khoan h\u00e5ng v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00cay. - \u00a7\u00e5ng b\u00b5o v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng kh\u00d0o v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng ng\u00f4y binh. H\u00e5 Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech th\u2212\u00eang n\u00e3i: \\\"Tr\u00f5 b\u00e4n \u00ae\u00b9i Vi\u00d6t gian ra th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai Vi\u00d6t Nam ai c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 l\u00dfng y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc, gh\u00d0t gi\u00c6c. \u00a7\u00b9i \u00aea s\u00e8 ng\u00f4y binh \u00ae\u00d2u v\u00d7 gi\u00c6c \u00b8p b\u00f8c l\u00f5a g\u00b9t m\u00b5 theo gi\u00c6c. Ch\u00f3ng ta ch\u00deu kh\u00e3 v\u00b5 kh\u00abn kh\u00d0o kh\u00aau g\u00eei l\u00dfng \u00b8i qu\u00e8c c\u00f1a h\u00e4 th\u00d7 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh h\u00e4 s\u00cf quay v\u00d2 v\u00edi kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n\\\". Th\u00cbt v\u00cby. Ai ch\u00bcng bi\u00d5t kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n l\u00b5 v\u00d7 d\u00a9n v\u00d7 n\u2212\u00edc. Ai c\u00f2ng bi\u00d5t T\u00a9y l\u00b5 \u00b8c v\u00b5 theo T\u00a9y l\u00b5 c\u00e2ng r\u00ben c\u00ben g\u00b5 nh\u00b5, r\u2212\u00edc voi gi\u00b5y m\u00b6 t\u00e6. Cho n\u00aan b\u00e6n ph\u00cbn c\u00f1a m\u00e7i m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o \u00eb v\u00efng t\u00b9m b\u00de chi\u00d5m l\u00b5 ch\u00deu kh\u00e3 g\u00c7n g\u00f2i ng\u00f4y binh. Gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho h\u00e4 r\u00e5i k\u00d0o h\u00e4 v\u00d2 v\u00edi ta. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch tham gia kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n r\u00cat thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c. \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1851, ng\u00b5y 30-6-1951.","107 Kh\u00e6 t\u00cbn cam lai T\u00f5 sau Th\u00d5 gi\u00edi chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00f8 hai, \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc t\u2212 b\u00b6n kinh t\u00d5 ng\u00b5y th\u00aam qu\u00c9n b\u00b8ch, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ng\u00b5y th\u00aam kh\u00e6 s\u00eb. \u00eb Li\u00aan X\u00ab c\u00abng ngh\u00d6 v\u00b5 n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p ng\u00b5y th\u00aam ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n. Gi\u00b8 h\u00b5ng h\u00e3a \u00ae\u00b7 gi\u00b6m 4 l\u00c7n. Sinh ho\u00b9t c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ng\u00b5y th\u00aam \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1, \u00ae\u00d1p \u00ae\u00cf. \u00eb Trung Qu\u00e8c Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 \u00ae\u00b7 d\u00efng m\u00b8y bay \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00d5t s\u00a9u c\u00ben l\u00f3a, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n th\u00f5a g\u00b9o b\u00b8n ra ngo\u00b5i, n\u00abng d\u00a9n c\u00e3 ru\u00e9ng c\u00b5y... m\u00c6c d\u00c7u b\u00de M\u00fc v\u00b5 b\u00cc l\u00f2 n\u00e3 bao v\u00a9y kinh t\u00d5. Ai c\u00f2ng khen r\u00bbng: Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 h\u2212\u00ebng h\u00b9nh ph\u00f3c th\u00b8i b\u00d7nh, Trung Qu\u00e8c \u00aeang ti\u00d5n l\u00aan con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang sung s\u2212\u00edng. Song ta ph\u00b6i nh\u00ed r\u00bbng trong m\u00cay ch\u00f4c n\u00a8m nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n hai n\u2212\u00edc \u00cay \u00ae\u00b7 hy sinh bao nhi\u00aau x\u2212\u00acng m\u00b8u v\u00d7 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, v\u00d7 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n; hy sinh bao nhi\u00aau m\u00e5 h\u00abi n\u2212\u00edc m\u00bet, \u00ae\u00b7 nh\u00den \u00a8n nh\u00den m\u00c6c \u00ae\u00d3 ki\u00d5n thi\u00d5t m\u00edi c\u00e3 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng ng\u00b5y nay. Ch\u00f3ng ta \u00aeang kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n tr\u2212\u00eang k\u00fa v\u00b5 gian kh\u00e6. Ch\u00f3ng ta nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh s\u00cf c\u00e3 ng\u00b5y \\\"kh\u00e6 t\u00cbn cam lai\\\" nh\u2212 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 Li\u00aan X\u00ab. \\\"Mu\u00e8n \u00a8n qu\u00b6 ph\u00b6i tr\u00e5ng c\u00a9y, C\u00e3 c\u00f9c kh\u00e6 m\u00edi c\u00e3 ng\u00b5y v\u00ce vang\\\". \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1853, ng\u00b5y 3-7-1951.","108 Thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c, hi\u00d6n t\u00b9i v\u00b5 t\u2212\u00acng lai v\u00ce vang c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc ta Thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c nh\u00bbm ba m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch ch\u00ddnh: di\u00d6t gi\u00c6c \u00ae\u00e3i, di\u00d6t gi\u00c6c d\u00e8t, di\u00d6t gi\u00c6c ngo\u00b9i x\u00a9m. T\u00f8c l\u00b5 l\u00b5m cho nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n no, \u00cam, bi\u00d5t ch\u00f7, l\u00b5m cho T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp, t\u00f9 do. Mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u00b9t m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch \u00cay, ng\u2212\u00eai ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00b6i thi \u00aeua, ng\u00b5nh ng\u00b5nh ph\u00b6i thi \u00aeua. Ai l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, ngh\u00d2 g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng thi \u00aeua l\u00b5m cho nhanh, cho t\u00e8t, cho nhi\u00d2u. Chi\u00d5n s\u00dc th\u00d7 thi \u00aeua di\u00d6t gi\u00c6c l\u00cbp c\u00abng, \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o th\u00d7 thi \u00aeua t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat. Sau m\u00e9t th\u00eai k\u00fa t\u00d7m t\u00dfi v\u00b5 chu\u00c8n b\u00de, v\u00b5 m\u00c6c d\u00c7u g\u00c6p nhi\u00d2u kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n, thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c c\u00f1a ta \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan. K\u00d5t qu\u00b6 tuy c\u00dfn nh\u00e1, nh\u2212ng n\u00e3 nh\u2212 con \u00d0n b\u00b8o hi\u00d6u m\u00efa Xu\u00a9n. N\u00e3 l\u00b5 c\u00b8i \u00ae\u00b5 cho k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 to l\u00edn sau n\u00b5y. V\u00d2 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i, thi \u00aeua \u00ae\u00b7 \u00aeem l\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng tr\u00cbn th\u00beng l\u00eei \u00eb Bi\u00aan gi\u00edi, \u00eb Trung du, \u00eb B\u00d7nh Tr\u00de Thi\u00aan, \u00eb Li\u00aan khu III, v.v.. V\u00d2 n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p, thi \u00aeua \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o ta tr\u00b8nh kh\u00e1i n\u00b9n \u00ae\u00e3i. Ta \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng chi\u00d5n s\u00dc n\u00abng nghi\u00d6p ki\u00d3u m\u00c9u. V\u00d2 c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p, th\u00d7 trong \u00ae\u00eet thi \u00aeua \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00f3c th\u00e4 H\u00e5 Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech, m\u00f5ng M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Li\u00aan - Vi\u00d6t v\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng Lao \u00ae\u00e9ng Vi\u00d6t Nam (\u00ae\u00eet \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00f1a phong tr\u00b5o thi \u00aeua s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, l\u00cbp c\u00abng, \u00ae\u00d2 cao chi\u00d5n s\u00dc), anh ch\u00de em c\u00abng nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00b9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nhi\u00d2u th\u00b5nh t\u00ddch. Nh\u00f7ng th\u00b5nh t\u00ddch \u00ae\u00e3, xem qua c\u00e3 v\u00ce kh\u00ab khan, nh\u2212ng xem k\u00fc th\u00d7 r\u00cat th\u00f3 v\u00de. Nh\u2212 m\u00e9t c\u00b8i v\u2212\u00ean m\u00aanh m\u00abng, t\u2212\u00aci t\u00e8t, m\u00edi c\u00e3 m\u00e9t v\u00b5i n\u00f4 hoa ch\u00edm n\u00eb, song ch\u00bec r\u00e5i \u00ae\u00a9y v\u2212\u00ean s\u00cf khai hoa k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 \u00ae\u00c7y c\u00b6 g\u00e3c tr\u00eai.","thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c, hi\u00d6n t\u00b9i v\u00b5 t\u2212\u00acng lai v\u00ce vang... 109 Trong 19 x\u00dd nghi\u00d6p, n\u00a8ng su\u00cat chung \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00a8ng t\u00f5 11,35% \u00ae\u00d5n 80%. Ri\u00aang t\u00f5ng ban, th\u00d7 c\u00e3 ban t\u00a8ng \u00ae\u00d5n 260%. T\u00ddnh t\u00f5ng ng\u2212\u00eai, th\u00d7 c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00a8ng \u00ae\u00d5n 290%. Theo l\u00eai anh ch\u00de em c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, s\u00eb d\u00dc \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u2212 v\u00cby l\u00b5: - Nh\u00ea c\u00e3 k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c v\u00b5 c\u00e3 ki\u00d3m \u00aei\u00d3m h\u00bbng ng\u00b5y, ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 b\u00e6 khuy\u00d5t k\u00dep th\u00eai. - V\u00d7 c\u00e8 g\u00beng, bi\u00d5t x\u00d5p \u00ae\u00c6t c\u00abng vi\u00d6c ng\u00a8n n\u00bep, ch\u00deu kh\u00e3 t\u00d7m t\u00dfi, c\u00e3 s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n. Nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3, c\u00e8 g\u00beng l\u00b5m th\u00d7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, ch\u00f8 \u00ae\u00a9u ph\u00b6i nh\u2212 chuy\u00d6n \\\"\u00ae\u00e9i \u00ae\u00b8 v\u00b8 tr\u00eai\\\". D\u2212\u00edi \u00ae\u00a9y, xin k\u00d3 v\u00b5i th\u00dd d\u00f4: Anh Nguy\u00d4n Kh\u00bec Ch\u00d8nh, bi\u00d5t x\u00d5p l\u00b9i n\u00e5i h\u00aci, c\u00abng vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00b7 d\u00d4 d\u00b5ng h\u00acn, m\u00e7i ng\u00b5y l\u00b9i ti\u00d5t ki\u00d6m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 200 c\u00a9n than. Anh H\u00e5 B\u00b8 C\u2212\u00acng, d\u00efng c\u00b5o s\u00bet thay c\u00b5o g\u00e7, m\u00e7i ng\u00b5y ti\u00d5t ki\u00d6m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 15 c\u00a9n v\u00abi. Anh \u00a7\u00e7 V\u00a8n Tr\u00de, th\u00ee r\u00ccn, bi\u00d5t c\u00b8ch s\u00bep \u00ae\u00c6t, c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00b6 ban khi tr\u2212\u00edc ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m 32 gi\u00ea, nay ch\u00d8 c\u00c7n 12 gi\u00ea. Ch\u00de H\u00b9nh, th\u00ee gi\u00cay, bi\u00d5t h\u00eep l\u00fd h\u00e3a vi\u00d6c xeo gi\u00cay, tr\u2212\u00edc kia 5 \u00ae\u00e9ng t\u00b8c, nay ch\u00d8 c\u00c7n 3, tr\u2212\u00edc kia m\u00e9t ng\u00b5y \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 700 t\u00ea, nay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 1.594 t\u00ea. X\u2212\u00ebng d\u00d6t \u00a7\u00e9c L\u00cbp, ban m\u00bec, tr\u2212\u00edc kia m\u00e9t ng\u00b5y \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 216 th\u2212\u00edc, nay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec 318 th\u2212\u00edc. Ban c\u00bet x\u2212\u00ebng qu\u00a9n nhu, nh\u00ea t\u00ddnh to\u00b8n k\u00fc l\u2212\u00ecng, d\u00abi \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00e8n ph\u00c7n tr\u00a8m v\u00b6i cho b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i. N\u00e3i t\u00e3m l\u00b9i: V\u00d7 s\u00f9 c\u00e8 g\u00beng c\u00f1a c\u00b8c nam n\u00f7 chi\u00d5n s\u00dc lao \u00ae\u00e9ng, m\u00b5 ti\u00d5t ki\u00d6m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00cbt li\u00d6u, ti\u00d5t ki\u00d6m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00eai gi\u00ea, \u00ae\u00ec \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kh\u00e3 nh\u00e4c, \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00eai s\u00b6n xu\u00cat \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nhi\u00d2u l\u2212\u00acng th\u00f9c, nhi\u00d2u s\u00f3ng \u00e8ng, nhi\u00d2u v\u00b6i, nhi\u00d2u gi\u00cay cho b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. \u00a7\u00e3 ch\u00bcng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 hi\u00d6n t\u00b9i v\u00b5 t\u2212\u00acng lai t\u00e8t \u00ae\u00d1p \u2212? N\u00d5u m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e8 g\u00beng thi \u00aeua, th\u00d7 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c ti\u00aau di\u00d6t gi\u00c6c \u00ae\u00e3i, gi\u00c6c d\u00e8t, gi\u00c6c ngo\u00b9i x\u00a9m s\u00cf mau \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u00b5y ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n th\u00beng l\u00eei. Trong phong tr\u00b5o thi \u00aeua n\u00b5y, anh em c\u00abng ch\u00f8c, gi\u00b8o vi\u00aan, h\u00e4c sinh c\u00b8c n\u00aci nh\u2212 Ph\u00f3 Th\u00e4, Th\u00b8i Nguy\u00aan, B\u00bec K\u00b9n, v.v., \u00ae\u00d2u","110 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i tham gia vi\u00d6c s\u00f6a \u00ae\u2212\u00eang, \u00ae\u00b5o k\u00aanh v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 th\u00b5nh t\u00ddch kh\u00b8. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 tr\u00dd th\u00f8c lao \u00ae\u00e9ng h\u00e3a. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00b8ng khen ng\u00eei v\u00b5 n\u00aan khuy\u00d5n kh\u00ddch cho ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n th\u00aam. Trong th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, ta v\u00c9n th\u00cay c\u00dfn khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m. Nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m ch\u00ddnh l\u00b5: H\u2212\u00edng d\u00c9n thi\u00d5u th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat. Ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh c\u00dfn nhi\u00d2u n\u00aci ch\u2212a s\u00b8t. K\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch thi\u00d5u chu \u00ae\u00b8o, t\u00d8 m\u00d8. Bi\u00d5t l\u00b5m nhanh, nh\u2212ng ch\u2212a bi\u00d5t l\u00b5m t\u00e8t. Thi \u00aeua n\u00aci th\u00d7 thi\u00d5u b\u00d2n b\u00d8, n\u00aci th\u00d7 l\u00b5m qu\u00b8 s\u00f8c, n\u00aci th\u00d7 ch\u2212a t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e9ng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng thi \u00aeua ch\u2212a th\u00cam nhu\u00c7n, th\u00cau su\u00e8t m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai, v\u00d7 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch k\u00d0m. Ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a ngay nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00cay, \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00c8y phong tr\u00b5o thi \u00aeua l\u00aan cao h\u00acn n\u00f7a, r\u00e9ng kh\u00bep h\u00acn n\u00f7a, v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9t nh\u00f7ng k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 to l\u00edn v\u00b5 t\u00e8t \u00ae\u00d1p h\u00acn n\u00f7a. C.B. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 15, ng\u00b5y 5-7-1951.","111 N\u00e3i th\u00cbt m\u00cat l\u00dfng B\u00b5 Phint\u00acn (Filton) l\u00b5 m\u00e9t v\u00de gi\u00b8o s\u2212 tri\u00d5t h\u00e4c ng\u2212\u00eai Anh. H\u00e5i th\u00b8ng 6, b\u00b5 c\u00efng \u00aeo\u00b5n \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 sang th\u00a8m Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan. Khi tr\u00eb v\u00d2 n\u2212\u00edc, b\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00d7nh b\u00b5y tr\u2212\u00edc d\u00a9n Anh nh\u00f7ng t\u00e9i \u00b8c c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i M\u00fc v\u00b5 Anh \u00eb Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan, v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ch\u00f8ng c\u00ed r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng. D\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng Anh r\u00cat c\u00a8m t\u00f8c Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Anh v\u00b5 g\u00a9y n\u00aan phong tr\u00b5o \u00ae\u00dfi qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i Anh r\u00f3t kh\u00e1i Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan. Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng Anh th\u00cay v\u00cby, b\u00ccn c\u00b8ch ch\u00f8c gi\u00b8o s\u2212 c\u00f1a b\u00b5, vu cho b\u00b5 ph\u00b9m t\u00e9i ph\u00b6n qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 toan \u00ae\u2212a b\u00b5 ra tr\u2212\u00edc t\u00dfa \u00b8n. Nghe tin \u00cay, d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng Anh c\u00b5ng c\u00a8m t\u00f8c Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, v\u00b5 quy\u00d5t \u00f1ng h\u00e9 b\u00b5 Phint\u00acn. B\u00b5 Phint\u00acn n\u00e3i: \\\"Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Anh c\u00b8ch ch\u00f8c gi\u00b8o s\u2212 c\u00f1a t\u00abi, song kh\u00abng th\u00d3 c\u00b8ch ch\u00f8c l\u00b5m ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00f1a t\u00abi. H\u00e4 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 c\u00f3p ti\u00d2n l\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a t\u00abi, song kh\u00abng th\u00d3 ng\u00a8n tr\u00eb t\u00abi n\u00e3i th\u00cbt\\\". C\u00b6 m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c x\u2212ng h\u00efng x\u2212ng b\u00b8, m\u00b5 s\u00ee m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b5n b\u00b5 n\u00e3i th\u00cbt. Uy quy\u00d2n c\u00f1a ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng l\u00b5 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e3. \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1857, ng\u00b5y 9-7-1951.","112 C\u00abng tr\u00b8i N\u2212\u00edc ta c\u00e3 c\u00abng tr\u00b8i, Li\u00aan X\u00ab c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 c\u00abng tr\u00b8i. Li\u00aan X\u00ab ra c\u00abng tr\u00b8i \u00ae\u00d3 ki\u00d5n thi\u00d5t x\u00b7 h\u00e9i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca. N\u2212\u00edc ta ra c\u00abng tr\u00b8i \u00ae\u00d3 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ki\u00d5n qu\u00e8c. C\u00abng tr\u00b8i Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b9i th\u00b5nh c\u00abng: Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 \u00ae\u00denh vay 30.000 tri\u00d6u. Ch\u00d8 trong 15 h\u00abm, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 cho vay \u00ae\u00d5n 34.453 tri\u00d6u. C\u00abng tr\u00b8i c\u00f1a ta c\u00f2ng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, song kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00b9i. Ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00c7y s\u00e6 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 vay, c\u00e3 n\u00aci nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn, c\u00e3 n\u00aci \u00ddt h\u00acn. Th\u00b5nh th\u00f6 c\u00e9ng l\u00b9i kh\u00abng v\u2212\u00eet m\u00f8c nh\u2212 \u00eb Li\u00aan X\u00ab. Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab r\u00cat h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i. Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta c\u00f2ng r\u00cat h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i. K\u00d5t qu\u00b6 c\u00abng tr\u00b8i kh\u00b8c nhau l\u00b5 v\u00d7 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 Li\u00aan X\u00ab kh\u00d0o tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch, c\u00e6 \u00ae\u00e9ng. \u00eb ta, n\u00aci n\u00b5o c\u00b8n b\u00e9 gi\u00e1i, th\u00d7 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 c\u00f2ng to. Song nhi\u00d2u n\u00aci c\u00b8n b\u00e9 k\u00d0m gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch, tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n c\u00e6 \u00ae\u00e9ng. Th\u00cbm ch\u00dd c\u00e3 n\u00aci c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00dfn d\u00efng c\u00b8ch quan li\u00aau, m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh. K\u00d5t lu\u00cbn: C\u00b8n b\u00e9 ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n v\u00b5 \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00d3 ta ph\u00b6i t\u00c8y cho s\u00b9ch b\u00d6nh quan li\u00aau, m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, n\u00d5u kh\u00abng th\u00d7 s\u00cf b\u00de d\u00a9n t\u00c8y. B\u00cat k\u00fa vi\u00d6c to vi\u00d6c nh\u00e1, ph\u00b6i ch\u00deu kh\u00e3 gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 th\u00d7 d\u00a9n s\u00cf vui l\u00dfng l\u00b5m, m\u00b5 vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng (L\u00eai H\u00e5 Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech). \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1859, ng\u00b5y 11-7-1951.","113 Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh B\u00b5i tr\u2212\u00edc n\u00e3i v\u00d2 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. B\u00b5i n\u00b5y n\u00e3i v\u00d2 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. V\u00d7 ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i \\\"Ti\u00aan tr\u00b8ch k\u00fb, h\u00cbu tr\u00b8ch nh\u00a9n\\\". \\\"Thu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00beng th\u00d7 d\u00b7 t\u00cbt, n\u00e3i th\u00cbt th\u00d7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c\\\". N\u00e3i th\u00cbt t\u00f8c l\u00b5 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. Khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 m\u00e9t ch\u00f8ng b\u00d6nh. Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 thu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00f7a c\u00b8c b\u00d6nh khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: T\u00abi c\u00e3 v\u00d5t nh\u00e4 \u00eb tr\u00b8n, t\u00f9 t\u00abi kh\u00abng tr\u00abng th\u00cay. \u00a7\u00e5ng ch\u00dd b\u00b6o cho t\u00abi bi\u00d5t. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh t\u00abi. M\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd l\u00b5 mu\u00e8n cho m\u00c6t t\u00abi s\u00b9ch s\u00cf, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00d3 m\u00d8a mai t\u00abi. V\u00d7 v\u00cby \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd ph\u00b6i n\u00e3i cho r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c: V\u00d5t nh\u00e4 to hay nh\u00e1? N\u00e3 \u00eb ph\u00dda n\u00b5o? v.v.. V\u00b5 khi n\u00e3i, n\u00aan c\u00e3 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 \u00ae\u00f3ng m\u00f9c. \\\"L\u00eai n\u00e3i kh\u00abng m\u00cat ti\u00d2n mua, l\u00f9a l\u00eai m\u00b5 n\u00e3i cho v\u00f5a tai nhau\\\". V\u00d2 ph\u00c7n t\u00abi, khi \u00ae\u00b7 bi\u00d5t c\u00e3 v\u00d5t nh\u00e4 th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i lo r\u00f6a s\u00b9ch. N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00b6o, m\u00b5 t\u00abi kh\u00abng vui l\u00dfng r\u00f6a s\u00b9ch, (th\u00cbm ch\u00dd c\u00dfn o\u00b8n tr\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd), t\u00f8c l\u00b5 t\u00abi c\u00e8 \u00fd mang v\u00d5t nh\u00e4 su\u00e8t \u00ae\u00eai. Hai \u00aei\u00d2u \u00cay \u00ae\u00d2u v\u00ab l\u00fd. \u00fd ngh\u00dca ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, gi\u00b6n \u00ae\u00acn l\u00b5 nh\u2212 v\u00cby. Ch\u00f3ng ta v\u00d7 d\u00a9n, v\u00d7 n\u2212\u00edc m\u00b5 l\u00b5m c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. Mu\u00e8n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, \u00bet ph\u00b6i \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t v\u00b5 ti\u00d5n b\u00e9. Mu\u00e8n \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t c\u00b5ng ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf, ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 c\u00b5ng mau ch\u00e3ng, th\u00d7 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00b6i s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m. M\u00b5 mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u2212 th\u00d5 th\u00d7 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 c\u00b8ch g\u00d7 h\u00acn l\u00b5 th\u00cbt th\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. M\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 c\u00e8t l\u00eei cho c\u00abng vi\u00d6c chung.","114 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp Nguy\u00aan t\u00bec ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i nh\u00bbm v\u00b5o t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng v\u00b5 c\u00abng t\u00b8c. T\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00ben th\u00d7 c\u00abng t\u00b8c \u00bet sai l\u00c7m. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: V\u00d7 thi\u00d5u quan \u00aei\u00d3m qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng (t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng), n\u00aan trong c\u00abng t\u00b8c m\u00bec b\u00d6nh m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, quan li\u00aau. Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 c\u00e8t gi\u00f3p nhau s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, cho n\u00aan th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh ph\u00b6i th\u00b5nh kh\u00c8n, nghi\u00aam trang, \u00ae\u00f3ng m\u00f9c. Ph\u00b6i v\u00b9ch r\u00e2 v\u00d7 sao c\u00e3 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00cay, n\u00e3 s\u00cf c\u00e3 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 x\u00cau th\u00d5 n\u00b5o, d\u00efng ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00d3 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a. Thu\u00e8c ph\u00b6i nh\u00bbm \u00ae\u00f3ng b\u00d6nh. Tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i kh\u00abng n\u00aan c\u00e3 \u00fd m\u00d8a mai, b\u00edi m\u00e3c, b\u00b8o th\u00ef. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00cay l\u00d6. C\u00b5ng kh\u00abng n\u00aan \\\"tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00c6t kh\u00abng n\u00e3i, xoi m\u00e3i sau l\u2212ng\\\". Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 quy\u00d2n l\u00eei v\u00b5 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai, l\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh d\u00a9n ch\u00f1. C\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh c\u00cap tr\u00aan. Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n, \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 c\u00b8c \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00d3. M\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh nhau \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00efng nhau ti\u00d5n b\u00e9. Kh\u00abng ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh t\u00f8c l\u00b5 b\u00e1 m\u00cat m\u00e9t quy\u00d2n d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Song ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u2212\u00eang ho\u00b5ng, ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b8ng, quy\u00d5t kh\u00abng n\u00aan \\\"th\u00c7m th\u00d7 th\u00c7m th\u00f4t\\\", vi\u00d5t th\u2212 gi\u00cau t\u00aan, nh\u2212 m\u00e9t v\u00b5i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00eb T.N. \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m. \u00a7\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9, \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00b8c \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00d3 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n v\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i hoan ngh\u00aanh v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5n kh\u00ddch nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. N\u00d5u ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh sai, th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch. Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00f3ng, th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i c\u00abng khai th\u00f5a nh\u00cbn v\u00b5 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a. D\u00d7m ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh ho\u00c6c ph\u00edt ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 khinh r\u00ce \u00fd ki\u00d5n nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, l\u00b5 tr\u00b8i v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f1, v\u00b5 r\u00cat c\u00e3 h\u00b9i, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 c\u00e3 b\u00d6nh m\u00b5 t\u00f5 ch\u00e8i u\u00e8ng thu\u00e8c. Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c th\u2212\u00eang xuy\u00aan. Ng\u00f5ng ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh t\u00f8c l\u00b5 ng\u00f5ng ti\u00d5n b\u00e9, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 tho\u00b8i b\u00e9. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta lu\u00abn lu\u00abn c\u00c7n kh\u00abng kh\u00dd \u00ae\u00d3 s\u00e8ng. Ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng v\u00b5 \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00d3 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00c7n ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh thi\u00d5t tha nh\u2212 ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00c7n kh\u00abng kh\u00dd.","ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh 115 C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng s\u00eb d\u00dc ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n m\u00b7i, ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 m\u00b7i, c\u00b5ng g\u00c6p nhi\u00d2u gian kh\u00e6 c\u00b5ng m\u00b9nh m\u00cf th\u00aam, l\u00b5 nh\u00ea c\u00e3 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. Cho n\u00aan to\u00b5n th\u00d3 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00c7n l\u00b5m g\u2212\u00acng m\u00c9u th\u00cbt th\u00b5 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00f9 gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c m\u00d7nh v\u00b5 gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m tr\u00dfn s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n v\u00b5 ki\u00d5n qu\u00e8c. C.B. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 16, ng\u00b5y 12-7-1951.","116 Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i th\u00f9c d\u00a9n ph\u00b8p Cu\u00e8i n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i, c\u00f9u Th\u00f1 t\u2212\u00edng Ph\u00b8p l\u00b5 Rayn\u00ab n\u00e3i: B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00d5t v\u00b5 b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng 40.486 t\u00aan. V\u00f5a r\u00e5i, B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng Thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea Ph\u00b8p n\u00e3i: H\u00acn 1.000 s\u00dc quan Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00d5t \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam (2 ch\u00b5ng \u00cay ch\u00d8 n\u00e3i 1 ph\u00c7n 3 th\u00abi). Binh s\u00dc Ph\u00b8p ch\u00d5t nhi\u00d2u, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p ch\u00e8ng chi\u00d5n tranh t\u00een. V\u00d7 v\u00cby m\u00c6c d\u00c7u th\u00f9c d\u00a9n tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n l\u00f5a b\u00dep v\u00b5 t\u00a8ng l\u2212\u00acng cho l\u00ddnh, thanh ni\u00aan Ph\u00b8p v\u00c9n kh\u00abng mu\u00e8n sang ch\u00d5t \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam. M\u00e9t th\u00dd d\u00f4: B\u00b8o H\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng (L'Action) ng\u00b5y 26-3 n\u00e3i: \\\"Th\u00b8ng 10 n\u00a8m ngo\u00b8i, h\u00acn 10 v\u00b9n thanh ni\u00aan Ph\u00b8p ph\u00b6i v\u00b5o b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i, m\u00b5 ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 h\u00acn 700 ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n sang Vi\u00d6t Nam. C\u00dfn v\u00d2 s\u00dc quan, th\u00d7 trong 84 ng\u2212\u00eai, ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 4 ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n, 80 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5 b\u00bet bu\u00e9c ph\u00b6i \u00aei, kh\u00abng \u00aei th\u00d7 b\u00de t\u00ef v\u00b5 b\u00de c\u00b8ch ch\u00f8c. Ch\u00ddnh 3 vi\u00aan quan n\u00a8m l\u00b5 S\u00b8ct\u00abng, L\u00acpagi\u00ac, \u00a7uyr\u00ddt b\u00de ta b\u00bet trong tr\u00cbn gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng bi\u00aan gi\u00edi c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i nh\u00cbn r\u00bbng: \\\"Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi b\u00de tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n nh\u00e5i s\u00e4. Nay ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi th\u00cay r\u00e2 r\u00bbng chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam l\u00b5 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 ngh\u00dca l\u00fd, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 hy v\u00e4ng\\\". Th\u00e8ng ch\u00d5 Xtalin n\u00e3i: \\\"T\u2212\u00edng l\u00dcnh M\u00fc v\u00b5 Anh kh\u00abng k\u00d0m ai, song h\u00e4 th\u00cat b\u00b9i l\u00b5 v\u00d7 l\u00ddnh M\u00fc v\u00b5 Anh bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng chi\u00d5n tranh ch\u00e8ng Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan v\u00b5 Trung Qu\u00e8c l\u00b5 v\u00ab l\u00fd\\\". Ta c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 n\u00e3i: Th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p th\u00cat b\u00b9i l\u00b5 v\u00d7 binh l\u00ddnh Ph\u00b8p bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam l\u00b5 v\u00ab l\u00fd. V\u00b5 c\u00f2ng v\u00d7 v\u00cby m\u00b5 ta nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00beng. \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1861, ng\u00b5y 14-7-1951.","117 TH\u00a6 G\u00f6I \u00a4NG T\u00e6NG TH\u00a6 K\u00fd H\u00e9I NH\u00f7NG NG\u00a6\u00eaI H\u00e5I H\u00a6\u00a5NG T\u00f5 \u00a7\u00a4NG D\u00a6\u00a5NG K\u00ddnh g\u00f6i \u00abng T\u00e6ng th\u2212 k\u00fd H\u00e9i nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00e5i h\u2212\u00acng t\u00f5 \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, Th\u2212a \u00abng T\u00e6ng th\u2212 k\u00fd v\u00b5 c\u00b8c b\u00b9n th\u00a9n m\u00d5n! T\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 nh\u00cbn \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u2212 \u00ae\u00d2 ng\u00b5y 12-4-1951 c\u00f1a \u00abng. V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 h\u00e5i h\u2212\u00acng t\u00ef binh Ph\u00b8p, ch\u00a9u Phi lu\u00abn lu\u00abn \u00ae\u2212\u00eec Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi d\u00f9 ki\u00d5n m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch thu\u00cbn l\u00eei. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi l\u00b5m h\u00d5t s\u00f8c m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai con c\u00f1a c\u00abng nh\u00a9n v\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n, c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 n\u00b9n nh\u00a9n c\u00f1a b\u00e4n g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n tranh \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tr\u00eb v\u00d2 v\u00edi gia \u00ae\u00d7nh. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00e7i khi \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n an ninh v\u00d2 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 v\u00b5 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00cbt ch\u00cat cho ph\u00d0p. T\u00abi vui m\u00f5ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec bi\u00d5t d\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m c\u00f1a c\u00b8c b\u00b9n, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00e5i h\u2212\u00acng t\u00f5 \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, nh\u00cbn th\u00f8c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec s\u00f9 th\u00cbt, \u00ae\u00b7 ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh huynh \u00ae\u00d6 t\u2212\u00acng t\u00b5n \u00ae\u00e3, cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh \u00ae\u00c7y t\u00e9i \u00b8c nh\u00bbm t\u00b8i chi\u00d5m \u00ae\u00e3ng do \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 quan th\u00c7y M\u00fc \u00b8p \u00ae\u00c6t. Ch\u00f3ng ta h\u00b7y c\u00efng nhau n\u00e7 l\u00f9c \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00cam d\u00f8t cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh \u00ae\u00c9m m\u00b8u n\u00b5y, \u00ae\u00dfi qu\u00a9n vi\u00d4n chinh r\u00f3t v\u00d2 n\u2212\u00edc, \u00aeem l\u00b9i h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh trong c\u00b8c gia \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00f1a hai n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00f3ng ta. Xin g\u00f6i c\u00b8c b\u00b9n v\u00b5 nh\u00ea chuy\u00d3n \u00ae\u00d5n b\u00b9n b\u00cc c\u00b8c b\u00b9n l\u00eai ch\u00b5o m\u00f5ng anh em. Ng\u00b5y 14 th\u00b8ng 7 n\u00a8m 1951 H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh T\u00b5i li\u00d6u l\u2212u t\u00b9i B\u00b6o t\u00b5ng H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh.","118 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Tr\u2212\u00edc ng\u00b5y c\u00b8ch m\u00d6nh Nga th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, \u00eb \u00a2u M\u00fc, h\u00d4 ai n\u00e3i \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00d5n quy\u00d2n l\u00eei c\u00f1a giai c\u00cap t\u2212 b\u00b6n th\u00d7 b\u00de m\u00beng l\u00b5 \\\"b\u00e4n x\u00b7 h\u00e9i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca\\\". C\u00e3 khi b\u00de b\u00e1 t\u00ef n\u00f7a. Ng\u00b5y nay, \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 n\u2212\u00edc c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n (Li\u00aan X\u00ab) v\u00b5 nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u00b6ng c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n, th\u00d7 \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc t\u2212 b\u00b6n h\u00d4 ai n\u00e3i \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca v\u00b5 th\u00f9c d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00d2u b\u00de g\u00e4i l\u00b5 \\\"c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n\\\". Xin b\u00b5 con l\u00beng nghe c\u00a9u n\u00e3i n\u00b5y: \\\"22 n\u00a8m c\u00abng t\u00b8c \u00eb Vi\u00d4n \u00a7\u00abng, t\u00abi th\u00cay r\u00cat r\u00e2 r\u00bbng: Ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 th\u00f9c d\u00a9n l\u00b5 x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng tr\u00aan chi\u00d5n tranh. N\u00e3 nh\u00ea chi\u00d5n tranh m\u00b5 s\u00e8ng. N\u00e3 c\u00dfn th\u00d7 c\u00f8 c\u00dfn chi\u00d5n tranh. C\u00b8ch t\u00e8t nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00cam d\u00f8t chi\u00d5n tranh l\u00b5: - Nh\u00cbn Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00b5o Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c; - Qu\u00a9n ngo\u00b9i qu\u00e8c ph\u00b6i r\u00f3t kh\u00e1i Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan; - Qu\u00a9n Anh ph\u00b6i r\u00f3t kh\u00e1i M\u00b7 Lai; - Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p ph\u00b6i r\u00f3t kh\u00e1i Vi\u00d6t Nam\\\". Ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n n\u00b5o n\u00e3i nh\u2212 v\u00cby? Th\u2212a kh\u00abng. \u00a7\u00e3 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n n\u00b5o n\u00e3i, m\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh l\u00b5 l\u00eai m\u00e9t v\u00de l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 C\u00abng gi\u00b8o, Gi\u00b8m m\u00f4c En\u00aeic\u00e8t (Endicot) ng\u2212\u00eai Gia N\u00b7 \u00a7\u00b9i1), n\u00e3i tr\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi h\u00abm 24-2-51. \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1863, ng\u00b5y 17-7-1951. _______________ 1) Cana\u00aea (BT).","119 D\u00a9n m\u00fc ch\u00e8ng chi\u00d5n tranh \u00a7\u00d5 qu\u00e8c M\u00fc ra s\u00f8c g\u00a9y chi\u00d5n. Song nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n M\u00fc th\u00d7 mu\u00e8n h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh. V\u00b5i th\u00dd d\u00f4: C\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i M\u00fc nh\u2212 c\u00b8c \u00abng C\u00b8pp\u00acha (Capehart), Pho (Ford), Thai (Thy\u00d0), \u00a7ugla (Douglas), v.v., tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 r\u00bbng 9 ph\u00c7n 10 c\u00f6 tri \u00eb c\u00b8c t\u00d8nh \u00ae\u00d2u ch\u00e8ng chi\u00d5n tranh x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan. B\u00b8o T\u00cbp tin t\u00f8c M\u00fc \u00aei\u00d2u tra \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a d\u00a9n, k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 th\u00cay 9 ph\u00c7n 10 \u00ae\u00dfi r\u00f3t qu\u00a9n M\u00fc ra kh\u00e1i Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan. B\u00b8o C\u00abng nh\u00a9n M\u00fc \u00ae\u00a8ng nhi\u00d2u th\u2212 c\u00f1a b\u00b9n \u00ae\u00e4c. M\u00e9t ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 vi\u00d5t: \\\"N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00d3 cho l\u00f2 t\u2212\u00edng t\u00b8 t\u00d5u kia t\u00f9 \u00aei \u00ae\u00b8nh, th\u00d7 chi\u00d5n tranh s\u00cf kh\u00abng k\u00d0o d\u00b5i, m\u00b5 con em ch\u00f3ng ta s\u00cf \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00eb nh\u00b5...\\\". M\u00e9t ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 kh\u00b8c vi\u00d5t: \\\"Ai b\u00b6o ch\u00f3ng ta \u00aei \u00ae\u00b8nh n\u00f6a th\u00d5 gi\u00edi n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00b6o v\u00d6 n\u00f6a th\u00d5 gi\u00edi kia? M\u00b5 n\u00f6a th\u00d5 gi\u00edi kia c\u00e3 nh\u00ea, c\u00e3 mu\u00e8n ta b\u00b6o v\u00d6 \u00ae\u00a9u? \u00a7\u00e3 ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 c\u00e8 \u00fd \u00ae\u2212a con em ch\u00f3ng ta \u00aei ch\u00d5t \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00abi\\\". M\u00e9t b\u00b5 vi\u00d5t th\u2212 cho T\u00e6ng th\u00e8ng M\u00fc: \\\"\u00a4ng n\u00e3i r\u00bbng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00f1ng h\u00e9 ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch chi\u00d5n tranh c\u00f1a \u00abng... T\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e3i chuy\u00d6n v\u00edi nhi\u00d2u h\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai, song kh\u00abng m\u00e9t ai t\u00b8n th\u00b5nh chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan c\u00b6. Th\u2212a \u00abng, ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, d\u00a9n th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 d\u00a9n th\u00abn qu\u00aa, \u00ae\u00d2u mu\u00e8n h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh ngay\\\". \u00fd d\u00a9n l\u00b5 \u00fd tr\u00eai. \u00a7\u00d5 qu\u00e8c M\u00fc l\u00b5m tr\u00b8i \u00fd d\u00a9n, \u00fd tr\u00eai, cho n\u00aan ch\u00f3ng s\u00cf th\u00cat b\u00b9i. C.B. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 17, ng\u00b5y 19-7-1951.","120 Th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh sinh ra hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t ti\u00d5n l\u00aan l\u00fd lu\u00cbn l\u00fd lu\u00cbn l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh Th\u00b8ng 7-1937, \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd Mao Tr\u00b9ch \u00a7\u00abng vi\u00d5t t\u00cbp Th\u00f9c ti\u00d4n lu\u00cbn, b\u00b5n v\u00d2 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, bi\u00d5t v\u00b5 l\u00b5m. Sau \u00ae\u00a9y l\u00b5 t\u00e3m t\u00bet n\u00e9i dung t\u00cbp Th\u00f9c ti\u00d4n lu\u00cbn, n\u00e3i theo c\u00b8ch Vi\u00d6t Nam cho d\u00d4 hi\u00d3u. C\u00e3 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd kh\u00abng ch\u00deu nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u kinh nghi\u00d6m th\u00f9c t\u00d5 c\u00f1a c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Vi\u00d6t Nam. H\u00e4 kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng: Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c - L\u00aanin l\u00b5 kim ch\u00d8 nam cho h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 kinh th\u00b8nh. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, h\u00e4 ch\u00d8 h\u00e4c thu\u00e9c \u00ddt c\u00a9u c\u00f1a M\u00b8c - L\u00aanin, \u00ae\u00d3 lo\u00cc ng\u2212\u00eai ta. L\u00b9i c\u00e3 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd kh\u00b8c ch\u00d8 bo bo gi\u00f7 l\u00cay nh\u00f7ng kinh nghi\u00d6m l\u00ce t\u00ce. H\u00e4 kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng l\u00fd lu\u00cbn r\u00cat quan tr\u00e4ng cho s\u00f9 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, h\u00e4 c\u00f8 c\u00bem \u00ae\u00c7u nh\u00bem m\u00bet m\u00b5 l\u00b5m, kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 to\u00b5n cu\u00e9c c\u00f1a c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. Hai khuynh h\u2212\u00edng \u00cay \u00ae\u00d2u sai l\u00c7m. Sai l\u00c7m nh\u00cat l\u00b5 khuynh h\u2212\u00edng gi\u00b8o \u00aei\u00d2u, v\u00d7 n\u00e3 m\u2212\u00een nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai c\u00f1a M\u00b8c, L\u00aanin, d\u00d4 l\u00b5m cho ng\u2212\u00eai ta l\u00c7m l\u00c9n. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c ch\u00d8 r\u00bbng: Ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng s\u00b6n xu\u00cat l\u00b5 n\u00d2n t\u00b6ng c\u00f1a th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, n\u00e3 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng kh\u00b8c.","th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh sinh ra hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t... 121 Do s\u00f9 s\u00b6n xu\u00cat v\u00cbt ch\u00cat m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ta hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t d\u00c7n d\u00c7n c\u00b8c hi\u00d6n t\u2212\u00eeng, c\u00b8c t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat, c\u00b8c quy lu\u00cbt v\u00b5 m\u00e8i quan h\u00d6 gi\u00f7a ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00edi gi\u00edi t\u00f9 nhi\u00aan. L\u00b9i do ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng s\u00b6n xu\u00cat m\u00b5 d\u00c7n d\u00c7n hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 m\u00e8i quan h\u00d6 gi\u00f7a ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5y v\u00edi ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c. \u00a7\u00eai x\u2212a, khi ch\u2212a c\u00e3 giai c\u00cap, th\u00d7 m\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00cay t\u2212 c\u00b8ch m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 trong x\u00b7 h\u00e9i m\u00b5 g\u00e3p s\u00f8c v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c, g\u00a9y th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t th\u00f8 quan h\u00d6 s\u00b6n xu\u00cat \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 sinh ho\u00b9t c\u00f1a lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai. Khi x\u00b7 h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 giai c\u00cap, th\u00d7 c\u00b8c giai c\u00cap \u00cay l\u00b9i g\u00a9y th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t th\u00f8 quan h\u00d6 s\u00b6n xu\u00cat kh\u00b8c \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 sinh ho\u00b9t c\u00f1a lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai. Ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng s\u00b6n xu\u00cat l\u00b5 ngu\u00e5n g\u00e8c c\u00f1a s\u00f9 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai. Ngo\u00b5i ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, s\u00f9 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00dfn c\u00e3: giai c\u00cap \u00ae\u00cau tranh, sinh ho\u00b9t ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng khoa h\u00e4c v\u00b5 ngh\u00d6 thu\u00cbt, v.v.. T\u00e3m l\u00b9i, t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i ng\u00b5nh ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng trong x\u00b7 h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00d2u do ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00f1a x\u00b7 h\u00e9i tham gia. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ngo\u00b5i sinh ho\u00b9t v\u00cbt ch\u00cat, ng\u2212\u00eai ta c\u00dfn do sinh ho\u00b9t ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, v\u00a8n h\u00e3a (d\u00ddnh d\u00b8ng kh\u00a8ng kh\u00ddt v\u00edi sinh ho\u00b9t v\u00cbt ch\u00cat) m\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00b8c th\u00f8 quan h\u00d6 gi\u00f7a ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00edi ng\u2212\u00eai. Giai c\u00cap \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng r\u00cat s\u00a9u s\u00bec \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai. Trong x\u00b7 h\u00e9i c\u00e3 giai c\u00cap, m\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u sinh ho\u00b9t trong m\u00e9t giai c\u00cap nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh, v\u00b5 c\u00b8c th\u00f8 t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat giai c\u00cap. Ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng s\u00b6n xu\u00cat c\u00f1a x\u00b7 h\u00e9i ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n t\u00f5ng b\u2212\u00edc, t\u00f5 th\u00cap \u00ae\u00d5n cao. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai ta (v\u00d2 gi\u00edi t\u00f9 nhi\u00aan, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 v\u00d2 x\u00b7 h\u00e9i) c\u00f2ng ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n t\u00f5ng b\u2212\u00edc, t\u00f5 th\u00cap \u00ae\u00d5n cao, t\u00f5 c\u00b9n \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00a9u, t\u00f5 m\u00e9t m\u00c6t \u00ae\u00d5n to\u00b5n di\u00d6n. Tr\u2212\u00edc kia, ng\u2212\u00eai ta ch\u00d8 hi\u00d3u m\u00e9t m\u00c6t c\u00f1a l\u00dech s\u00f6. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 giai c\u00cap b\u00e3c l\u00e9t th\u2212\u00eang hay l\u00b5m sai l\u00dech s\u00f6 c\u00f1a x\u00b7 h\u00e9i. L\u00b9i v\u00d7 s\u00b6n xu\u00cat h\u00b7y c\u00dfn trong khu\u00abn kh\u00e6 nh\u00e1 h\u00d1p, n\u00aan n\u00e3 h\u00b9n ch\u00d5 t\u00c7m con m\u00bet ng\u2212\u00eai ta. Ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00d5n khi c\u00e3 c\u00abng nghi\u00d6p to, s\u00b6n xu\u00cat l\u00edn, c\u00e3 giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n, s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t l\u00dech s\u00f6 m\u00edi ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n \u00ae\u00d5n to\u00b5n","122 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp di\u00d6n, s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t x\u00b7 h\u00e9i m\u00edi th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t khoa h\u00e4c. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 duy v\u00cbt l\u00dech s\u00f6 c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c. Ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00edi l\u00b5 m\u00f9c th\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00f3ng nh\u00cat cho s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00d2 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. Ch\u00d8 do qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh (qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh s\u00b6n xu\u00cat v\u00cbt ch\u00cat, giai c\u00cap \u00ae\u00cau tranh, khoa h\u00e4c th\u00f9c nghi\u00d6m), ng\u2212\u00eai ta m\u00edi \u00ae\u00b9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 \u00ae\u00b7 d\u00f9 t\u00ddnh trong t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, v\u00b5 l\u00f3c \u00ae\u00e3 s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t m\u00edi \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ch\u00f8ng th\u00f9c. Mu\u00e8n nh\u2212 th\u00d5, t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh ph\u00b6i h\u00eep v\u00edi quy lu\u00cbt kh\u00b8ch quan. Kh\u00abng h\u00eep th\u00d7 trong l\u00f3c th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh s\u00cf b\u00de th\u00cat b\u00b9i. Tr\u00b6i qua th\u00cat b\u00b9i, ng\u2212\u00eai ta h\u00e4c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kinh nghi\u00d6m, \u00ae\u00d3 s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng cho h\u00eep quy lu\u00cbt kh\u00b8ch quan, r\u00e5i \u00ae\u00e6i th\u00cat b\u00b9i ra th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. \\\"\u00a7\u00f8t tay, hay thu\u00e8c\\\" l\u00b5 nh\u2212 v\u00cby. Duy v\u00cbt bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00c6t th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh l\u00aan tr\u00aan h\u00d5t. S\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t kh\u00abng th\u00d3 r\u00eai th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh. L\u00aanin n\u00e3i r\u00bbng: \\\"Th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh cao h\u00acn s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t (l\u00fd lu\u00cbn), v\u00d7 n\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat ph\u00e6 bi\u00d5n, l\u00b9i c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat th\u00f9c t\u00d5 c\u00f4 th\u00d3\\\". Duy v\u00cbt bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng c\u00f1a M\u00b8c c\u00e3 hai \u00ae\u00c6c \u00aei\u00d3m: M\u00e9t l\u00b5 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat giai c\u00cap, n\u00e3i r\u00e2 duy v\u00cbt bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00f4ng s\u00f9 giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n. Hai l\u00b5 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh. N\u00e3i r\u00e2 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh l\u00b5 n\u00d2n t\u00b6ng c\u00f1a l\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn l\u00b9i ph\u00f4ng s\u00f9 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh. Ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00edi l\u00b5 ti\u00aau chu\u00c8n c\u00f1a s\u00f9 th\u00cbt. Quan \u00aei\u00d3m th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh l\u00b5 quan \u00aei\u00d3m ch\u00ddnh c\u00f1a duy v\u00cbt bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng. Th\u00d5 n\u00b5o l\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh sinh ra hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t, hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t tr\u00eb l\u00b9i ph\u00f4ng s\u00f9 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh? Trong qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, ban \u00ae\u00c7u ng\u2212\u00eai ta ch\u00d8 th\u00cay hi\u00d6n t\u2212\u00eeng v\u00b5 th\u00cay m\u00e8i quan h\u00d6 b\u00aan ngo\u00b5i c\u00f1a m\u00e7i vi\u00d6c. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00a8m v\u00efng t\u00f9 do. M\u00cay h\u00abm \u00ae\u00c7u, h\u00e4 th\u00cay n\u00f3i s\u00abng, \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00b8, nh\u00b5 c\u00f6a. H\u00e4 g\u00c6p c\u00b8c h\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai. H\u00e4 xem c\u00b8c t\u00b5i li\u00d6u. H\u00e4 d\u00f9 c\u00b8c cu\u00e9c m\u00ddt tinh. H\u00e4 nghe ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5y n\u00e3i chuy\u00d6n n\u00b5y, ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c n\u00e3i chuy\u00d6n kh\u00b8c. H\u00e4 th\u00cay hi\u00d6n t\u2212\u00eeng v\u00b5 quan h\u00d6 b\u00aan ngo\u00b5i c\u00f1a v\u00efng t\u00f9 do. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 giai \u00aeo\u00b9n c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c v\u00b5 \u00can t\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. Trong","th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh sinh ra hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t... 123 giai \u00aeo\u00b9n th\u00f8 nh\u00cat \u00cay, h\u00e4 ch\u2212a c\u00e3 m\u00e9t kh\u00b8i ni\u00d6m s\u00a9u s\u00bec, ch\u2212a c\u00e3 m\u00e9t k\u00d5t lu\u00cbn h\u00eep v\u00edi l\u00fd lu\u00cbn. N\u00d5u h\u00e4 c\u00f8 ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh xem x\u00d0t, \u00can t\u2212\u00eeng v\u00b5 c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c c\u00f1a h\u00e4 l\u00c6p \u00aei l\u00c6p l\u00b9i nhi\u00d2u l\u00c7n, th\u00d7 trong qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a h\u00e4 c\u00e3 m\u00e9t s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e9t bi\u00d5n, do \u00ae\u00e3 h\u00e4 c\u00e3 m\u00e9t kh\u00b8i ni\u00d6m. Kh\u00b8i ni\u00d6m kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 hi\u00d6n t\u2212\u00eeng l\u00ce t\u00ce, l\u00b5 quan h\u00d6 b\u00aan ngo\u00b5i n\u00f7a. Kh\u00b8i ni\u00d6m l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00bem \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00b8i b\u00b6n ch\u00cat, c\u00b8i to\u00b5n di\u00d6n, v\u00b5 quan h\u00d6 b\u00aan trong c\u00f1a m\u00e4i vi\u00d6c. C\u00f8 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 ti\u00d5n m\u00b7i, d\u00efng c\u00b8ch xem x\u00d0t v\u00b5 ph\u00b8n \u00aeo\u00b8n, th\u00d7 s\u00cf t\u00d7m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e9t k\u00d5t lu\u00cbn h\u00eep v\u00edi l\u00fd lu\u00cbn. \\\"\u00a7i m\u00b7i th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00d5n, t\u00d7m m\u00b7i th\u00d7 g\u00c6p\\\" l\u00b5 th\u00d5. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 giai \u00aeo\u00b9n th\u00f8 hai. Khi \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f1 c\u00b8c t\u00b5i li\u00d6u, \u00ae\u00b7 suy x\u00d0t, h\u00e4 s\u00cf ph\u00b8n \u00aeo\u00b8n r\u00bbng: Ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch to\u00b5n d\u00a9n \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t, tr\u2212\u00eang k\u00fa kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00f3ng. N\u00d5u h\u00e4 th\u00cbt th\u00b5 mu\u00e8n \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t c\u00f8u n\u2212\u00edc, th\u00d7 h\u00e4 s\u00cf ti\u00d5n l\u00aan m\u00e9t b\u2212\u00edc n\u00f7a m\u00b5 k\u00d5t lu\u00cbn r\u00bbng: M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn d\u00a9n t\u00e9c th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat m\u00b9nh m\u00cf th\u00d7 tr\u2212\u00eang k\u00fa kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. Giai \u00aeo\u00b9n kh\u00b8i ni\u00d6m, ph\u00b8n \u00aeo\u00b8n v\u00b5 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn l\u00b5 giai \u00aeo\u00b9n hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00bbng l\u00fd tr\u00dd. N\u00e3 r\u00cat quan tr\u00e4ng trong qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. T\u00f5 c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5n t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n n\u00e9i b\u00e9 c\u00f1a m\u00e4i s\u00f9 v\u00cbt, hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t quy lu\u00cbt c\u00f1a n\u00e3, hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t quan h\u00d6 b\u00aan trong c\u00f1a qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh n\u00b5y v\u00edi qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh kia, ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t ti\u00d5n d\u00c7n th\u00b5nh l\u00fd lu\u00cbn, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. Tr\u2212\u00edc kia, ch\u2212a ai bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 r\u00bbng l\u00fd lu\u00cbn duy v\u00cbt bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng, l\u00fd lu\u00cbn hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t, d\u00f9a v\u00b5o th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, t\u00f5 th\u00cap ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5n cao. \u00a7\u00d5n M\u00b8c m\u00edi gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 \u00cay. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c - L\u00aanin n\u00aau r\u00e2 hai \u00ae\u00c6c \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a hai giai \u00aeo\u00b9n trong qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. \u00a7\u00c6c \u00aei\u00d3m trong giai \u00aeo\u00b9n th\u00cap l\u00b5 c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c. \u00a7\u00c6c \u00aei\u00d3m trong giai \u00aeo\u00b9n cao l\u00b5 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn. Hai giai \u00aeo\u00b9n \u00cay tuy kh\u00b8c nhau, nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng t\u00b8ch r\u00eai nhau. N\u00e3 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat tr\u00aan n\u00d2n t\u00b6ng th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh. C\u00b8i g\u00d7 ta m\u00edi c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c, ta v\u00c9n ch\u2212a hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t n\u00e3 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch s\u00a9u s\u00bec: Ch\u00d8 khi n\u00b5o ta hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t n\u00e3, ta m\u00edi c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c n\u00e3 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch s\u00a9u","124 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp s\u00bec. C\u00b6m gi\u00b8c ch\u00d8 gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 hi\u00d6n t\u2212\u00eeng. L\u00fd lu\u00cbn m\u00edi gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 b\u00b6n ch\u00cat. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh th\u00d7 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 n\u00b5o gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c \u00cay. Mu\u00e8n hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, ph\u00b6i thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c ti\u00d5p x\u00f3c v\u00edi vi\u00d6c \u00cay. Trong x\u00b7 h\u00e9i phong ki\u00d5n, kh\u00abng th\u00d3 n\u00b5o hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy lu\u00cbt t\u2212 b\u00b6n, v\u00d7 h\u00e5i \u00ae\u00e3 ch\u2212a c\u00e3 t\u2212 b\u00b6n. L\u00fd lu\u00cbn M\u00b8c ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 sinh ra trong x\u00b7 h\u00e9i t\u2212 b\u00b6n. M\u00b8c l\u00b9i kh\u00abng th\u00d3 \u00aeo\u00b8n tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 quy lu\u00cbt c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c, v\u00d7 h\u00e5i \u00ae\u00e3 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n ch\u2212a \u00ae\u00d5n giai \u00aeo\u00b9n \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c. Ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 L\u00aanin v\u00b5 Xtalin m\u00edi v\u00b9ch r\u00e2 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy lu\u00cbt c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c. Ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng v\u00d7 L\u00aanin v\u00b5 Xtalin c\u00e3 thi\u00aan t\u00b5i, m\u00b5 tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t l\u00b5 v\u00d7 hai \u00abng \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh vi\u00d6c l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o giai c\u00cap \u00ae\u00cau tranh v\u00b5 th\u00f9c nghi\u00d6m khoa h\u00e4c. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh th\u00d7 d\u00ef t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i m\u00cay c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Mu\u00e8n hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t m\u00e9t vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, m\u00e9t v\u00cbt g\u00d7, th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i tham gia v\u00b5o cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh v\u00b5 bi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e6i c\u00f1a vi\u00d6c \u00cay, v\u00cbt \u00cay. C\u00e3 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 m\u00edi th\u00cay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec hi\u00d6n t\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a n\u00e3, v\u00b5 ti\u00d5n t\u00edi hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00b6n ch\u00cat c\u00f1a n\u00e3. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang th\u00f9c t\u00d5, ai mu\u00e8n hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i tr\u00b6i qua. C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d8 nghe l\u00e1m, ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00abi ch\u00f3t m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 v\u00aanh v\u00b8o, t\u00f9 cho m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t nh\u00cat trong thi\u00aan h\u00b9. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 d\u00b9i. Hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t l\u00b5 m\u00e9t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 khoa h\u00e4c, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b8ng ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, c\u00b5ng hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t, th\u00d7 c\u00b5ng ph\u00b6i khi\u00aam t\u00e8n. Mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t m\u00efi qu\u00b6 cam, ph\u00b6i b\u00e6 qu\u00b6 cam m\u00b5 n\u00d5m. Mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat qu\u00b6 cam th\u00d5 n\u00b5o th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i d\u00efng v\u00cbt l\u00fd h\u00e4c v\u00b5 h\u00e3a h\u00e4c m\u00b5 x\u00d0t, r\u00e5i m\u00edi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 thay \u00ae\u00e6i t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat c\u00f1a qu\u00b6 cam. Mu\u00e8n hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t l\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh tham gia c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. T\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t, \u00ae\u00d2u do kinh nghi\u00d6m tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p ho\u00c6c kinh nghi\u00d6m gi\u00b8n ti\u00d5p m\u00b5 c\u00e3. Kinh nghi\u00d6m gi\u00b8n ti\u00d5p l\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m ng\u2212\u00eai x\u2212a \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b9i v\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i. N\u00d5u nh\u00f7ng hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t, nh\u00f7ng kinh nghi\u00d6m \u00cay h\u00eep v\u00edi \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n kh\u00b8ch quan th\u00d7 n\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f3ng v\u00b5 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 tin. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng, th\u00d7 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 tin. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a m\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 hai b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn: kinh nghi\u00d6m tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p","th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh sinh ra hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t... 125 v\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m gi\u00b8n ti\u00d5p. V\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m gi\u00b8n ti\u00d5p c\u00f1a ta t\u00f8c l\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai. Cho n\u00aan, n\u00e3i chung, s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 t\u00b8ch r\u00eai kinh nghi\u00d6m tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p. \\\"Kh\u00abng v\u00b5o hang, kh\u00abng b\u00bet \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00e4p\\\". C\u00a9u t\u00f4c ng\u00f7 \u00cay l\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00f9 th\u00cbt cho th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00f9 th\u00cbt cho hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. Kh\u00abng th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh th\u00d7 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh kh\u00abng th\u00d3 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. Do th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t, l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t theo duy v\u00cbt bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: \u00eb giai \u00aeo\u00b9n \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan, giai \u00aeo\u00b9n v\u00ab s\u00b6n t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00cau tranh, ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i m\u00b8y m\u00e3c, th\u00d7 v\u00ab s\u00b6n m\u00edi hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n b\u00bbng c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c, h\u00e4 m\u00edi th\u00cay m\u00e9t ph\u00dda c\u00f1a hi\u00d6n t\u2212\u00eeng, v\u00b5 m\u00e8i quan h\u00d6 b\u00aan ngo\u00b5i c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n. L\u00f3c \u00ae\u00e3 v\u00ab s\u00b6n ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 \\\"giai c\u00cap t\u00f9 nhi\u00aan\\\"1). \u00a7\u00d5n giai \u00aeo\u00b9n th\u00f8 hai, v\u00ab s\u00b6n \u00ae\u00cau tranh v\u00d2 kinh t\u00d5, ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch c\u00e3 \u00fd th\u00f8c, c\u00e3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, nh\u00ea c\u00e3 kinh nghi\u00d6m th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh; khi M\u00b8c v\u00b5 \u00a1ngghen \u00ae\u00b7 d\u00efng ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p khoa h\u00e4c t\u00e6ng k\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng kinh nghi\u00d6m \u00cay l\u00b9i m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00f3c th\u00b5nh l\u00fd lu\u00cbn M\u00b8c, th\u00d7 v\u00ab s\u00b6n m\u00edi hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00b6n ch\u00cat c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca t\u2212 b\u00b6n, hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t quan h\u00d6 giai c\u00cap b\u00e3c l\u00e9t, hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. L\u00f3c \u00ae\u00e3, v\u00ab s\u00b6n tr\u00eb n\u00aan \\\"giai c\u00cap v\u00d7 m\u00d7nh\\\"2). C\u00b8ch th\u00f8c nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 th\u00d5. Giai \u00aeo\u00b9n \u00ae\u00c7u ch\u00d8 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00bbng c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c. N\u00e3 bi\u00d3u hi\u00d6n ra \u00eb c\u00b8c cu\u00e9c kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng nh\u00e3m C\u00c7n V\u2212\u00acng35, v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng nh\u00e3m ti\u00d3u t\u2212 s\u00b6n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. Giai \u00aeo\u00b9n th\u00f8 hai m\u00edi l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t theo l\u00fd tr\u00dd. Ta th\u00cay r\u00e2 nh\u00f7ng m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n b\u00aan trong v\u00b5 b\u00aan ngo\u00b5i c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c Ph\u00b8p, ta th\u00cay r\u00e2 ch\u00f3ng d\u00efng b\u00e4n phong ki\u00d5n ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng Vi\u00d6t Nam \u00ae\u00d3 \u00b8p b\u00f8c nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta. Giai \u00aeo\u00b9n \u00cay b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u t\u00f5 _______________ 1) \u201cGiai c\u00cap t\u00f9 nhi\u00aan\u201d l\u00b5 giai c\u00cap ch\u2212a c\u00e3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, ch\u2212a hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 quy\u00d2n l\u00eei, nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, ch\u2212a c\u00e3 kinh nghi\u00d6m, v.v.. (TG). 2) \u201cGiai c\u00cap v\u00d7 m\u00d7nh\u201d l\u00b5 giai c\u00cap \u00ae\u00b7 hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 quy\u00d2n l\u00eei v\u00b5 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, c\u00e3 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o, c\u00e3 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn soi \u00ae\u2212\u00eang (TG).","126 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp n\u00a8m 1925-1930 (Th\u00eai k\u00fa Thanh ni\u00aan c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd H\u00e9i36 b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n v\u00b5 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n). V\u00d2 chi\u00d5n tranh c\u00f2ng th\u00d5. M\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d8 huy ch\u2212a c\u00e3 kinh nghi\u00d6m qu\u00a9n s\u00f9, ch\u2212a hi\u00d3u quy lu\u00cbt chi\u00d5n tranh, l\u00f3c \u00ae\u00c7u \u00bet b\u00de th\u00cat b\u00b9i nhi\u00d2u tr\u00cbn. Nh\u00ea nh\u00f7ng kinh nghi\u00d6m (kinh nghi\u00d6m th\u00beng tr\u00cbn, nh\u00cat l\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m thua tr\u00cbn), ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d8 huy hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 quy lu\u00cbt c\u00f1a chi\u00d5n tranh, n\u00bem v\u00f7ng chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec v\u00b5 chi\u00d5n thu\u00cbt. L\u00f3c \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00d7 h\u00e4 s\u00cf l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch ch\u00bec ch\u00ben. C\u00e3 \u00ae\u00abi \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd s\u00ee ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch c\u00abng vi\u00d6c. H\u00e4 n\u00e3i: \\\"T\u00abi n\u00bem kh\u00abng v\u00f7ng\\\". T\u00b9i sao n\u00bem kh\u00abng v\u00f7ng? V\u00d7 h\u00e4 ch\u2212a h\u00d2 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng vi\u00d6c \u00cay, h\u00e4 ch\u2212a hi\u00d3u quy lu\u00cbt b\u00aan trong v\u00b5 ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh b\u00aan ngo\u00b5i c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c \u00cay. Khi \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00a9n t\u00b8ch r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh v\u00b5 ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh c\u00f1a c\u00abng vi\u00d6c \u00cay cho h\u00e4 hi\u00d3u th\u00d7 h\u00e4 d\u00c7n d\u00c7n n\u00bem v\u00f7ng v\u00b5 d\u00b8m l\u00b5m. Tr\u00b6i qua m\u00e9t th\u00eai k\u00fa h\u00e4c t\u00cbp kinh nghi\u00d6m n\u00d5u h\u00e4 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai th\u00cbt th\u00b5 c\u00c7u ti\u00d5n, th\u00d7 h\u00e4 s\u00cf ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 mau. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00bec b\u00d6nh ch\u00f1 quan, kh\u00abng xem x\u00d0t ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh th\u00f9c t\u00d5, kh\u00abng xem x\u00d0t to\u00b5n th\u00d3 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c, kh\u00abng nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u b\u00b6n ch\u00cat c\u00f1a c\u00abng vi\u00d6c, kh\u00abng x\u00d0t r\u00e2 quan h\u00d6 c\u00f1a vi\u00d6c n\u00b5y v\u00edi vi\u00d6c kh\u00b8c, m\u00b5 ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t d\u00efng m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, th\u00d7 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh s\u00cf th\u00cat b\u00b9i. C\u00e3 hai \u00aei\u00d3m r\u00cat quan tr\u00e4ng c\u00c7n nh\u00bec l\u00b9i m\u00e9t l\u00c7n n\u00f7a: M\u00e9t l\u00b5 s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00bbng l\u00fd tr\u00dd ph\u00b6i d\u00f9a v\u00b5o s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00bbng c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng c\u00e3 c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c, th\u00d7 l\u00fd tr\u00dd nh\u2212 m\u00e9t d\u00dfng n\u2212\u00edc kh\u00abng c\u00e3 ngu\u00e5n, m\u00e9t ch\u00dfm c\u00a9y kh\u00abng c\u00e3 r\u00d4; m\u00b5 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 l\u00b5 ch\u00f1 quan. Kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c l\u00b5 b\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan trong qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. Ch\u00d8 do th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, ng\u2212\u00eai ta m\u00edi hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t; ch\u00d8 do ti\u00d5p x\u00f3c v\u00edi s\u00f9 v\u00cbt kh\u00b8ch quan, ng\u2212\u00eai ta m\u00edi c\u00e3 kinh nghi\u00d6m, c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c. N\u00d5u nh\u00bem m\u00bet, b\u00det tai, kh\u00abng nghe, kh\u00abng th\u00cay s\u00f9 v\u00cbt kh\u00b8ch quan b\u00aan ngo\u00b5i th\u00d7 l\u00b5m g\u00d7 c\u00e3 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. Kinh nghi\u00d6m l\u00b5 b\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan c\u00f1a hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t theo ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca duy v\u00cbt. Hai l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t ph\u00b6i ti\u00d5n h\u00e3a s\u00a9u s\u00bec, t\u00f5 giai \u00aeo\u00b9n c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c \u00ae\u00d5n giai \u00aeo\u00b9n l\u00fd tr\u00dd. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t theo ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng.","th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh sinh ra hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t... 127 Ch\u00d8 c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c th\u00abi kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f1. Mu\u00e8n hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t to\u00b5n b\u00e9 m\u00e9t s\u00f9 v\u00cbt, hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00b6n ch\u00cat v\u00b5 quy lu\u00cbt n\u00e9i b\u00e9 c\u00f1a n\u00e3, th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i suy x\u00d0t k\u00fc l\u2212\u00ecng, gom g\u00e3p nh\u00f7ng c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c phong ph\u00f3 l\u00b9i, r\u00e5i ch\u00e4n l\u00e4c c\u00b8i n\u00b5o th\u00cbt, c\u00b8i n\u00b5o gi\u00b6, c\u00b8i n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00f3ng, c\u00b8i n\u00b5o sai, t\u00f5 ngo\u00b5i \u00ae\u00d5n trong, \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00b9o th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t h\u00d6 th\u00e8ng kh\u00b8i ni\u00d6m l\u00fd lu\u00cbn. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t do th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00b5 c\u00e3 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00b6i t\u00b9o trong th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh. Hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t \u00cay s\u00a9u s\u00bec h\u00acn, \u00ae\u00f3ng h\u00acn, ph\u00b6n \u00b6nh s\u00f9 v\u00cbt m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n h\u00acn. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d8 tr\u00e4ng kinh nghi\u00d6m m\u00b5 khinh l\u00fd lu\u00cbn th\u00d7 kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 to\u00b5n b\u00e9 qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh kh\u00b8ch quan, thi\u00d5u ph\u2212\u00acng ch\u00a9m v\u00f7ng ch\u00bec, ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t m\u00e9t m\u00b5 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t m\u2212\u00eai. N\u00d5u nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00cay l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng th\u00d7 s\u00cf th\u00cat b\u00b9i. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi m\u00e9t c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi m\u00e9t x\u00b7 h\u00e9i hay m\u00e9t cu\u00e9c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i do c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00fd tr\u00dd (l\u00fd lu\u00cbn). Nh\u2212ng hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t nh\u2212 th\u00d5 ch\u00d8 m\u00edi l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t m\u00e9t n\u00f6a. V\u00d7 theo ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c th\u00d7 ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng c\u00c7n hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t quy lu\u00cbt th\u00d5 gi\u00edi \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, m\u00b5 c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i d\u00efng s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t \u00cay \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00b6i t\u00b9o th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. L\u00fd lu\u00cbn r\u00cat quan tr\u00e4ng. L\u00aanin n\u00e3i: \\\"Kh\u00abng c\u00e3 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng th\u00d7 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 c\u00e3 v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng\\\". L\u00fd lu\u00cbn s\u00eb d\u00dc quan tr\u00e4ng l\u00b5 v\u00d7 n\u00e3 d\u00b9y ta h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng. N\u00d5u \u00ae\u2212a m\u00e9t l\u00fd lu\u00cbn r\u00cat \u00ae\u00f3ng ra n\u00e3i, r\u00e5i x\u00d5p n\u00e3 l\u00b9i m\u00e9t x\u00e3, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212a ra th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, th\u00d7 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn \u00cay th\u00b5nh l\u00fd lu\u00cbn su\u00abng. Hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t do th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00b5 ra. Hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t l\u00b9i tr\u00b6i qua th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00b5 th\u00b5nh l\u00fd lu\u00cbn. L\u00fd lu\u00cbn \u00cay l\u00b9i ph\u00b6i d\u00efng v\u00b5o th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh. S\u00f9 ti\u00d5n t\u00edi c\u00f1a hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng \u00eb ch\u00e7 t\u00f5 c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00fd lu\u00cbn, m\u00b5 c\u00e8t nh\u00cat l\u00b5 t\u00f5 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. \u00a7\u00b7 n\u00bem \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy lu\u00cbt th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i d\u00efng n\u00e3 v\u00b5o th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b6i t\u00b9o th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh giai c\u00cap \u00ae\u00cau tranh, d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh li\u00aan ti\u00d5p c\u00f1a hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. Mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t l\u00fd lu\u00cbn \u00ae\u00f3ng hay kh\u00abng, th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i d\u00efng n\u00e3 v\u00b5o th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, xem n\u00e3 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00denh hay kh\u00abng. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca","128 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp M\u00b8c - L\u00aanin \u00ae\u00f3ng l\u00b5 v\u00d7 n\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ch\u00f8ng minh l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00f3ng trong th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng giai c\u00cap v\u00b5 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c. Duy v\u00cbt bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00f3ng, v\u00d7 s\u00f9 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 tho\u00b8t ra kh\u00e1i ph\u00b9m vi c\u00f1a n\u00e3. N\u00d5u c\u00e3 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 ho\u00c6c sai l\u00c7m th\u00d7 c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i tr\u00b6i qua th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00b5 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a, l\u00b5m cho n\u00e3 \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 h\u00acn, \u00ae\u00f3ng h\u00acn. Cho n\u00aan, c\u00e3 th\u00d3 n\u00e3i \\\"th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh l\u00b5 k\u00ddch th\u2212\u00edc c\u00f1a s\u00f9 th\u00cbt, l\u00b5 n\u00d2n t\u00b6ng c\u00f1a hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t\\\". \u00a7\u00e5ng ch\u00dd Xtalin n\u00e3i: \\\"L\u00fd lu\u00cbn t\u00b8ch r\u00eai th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh l\u00b5 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn su\u00abng. Th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh t\u00b8ch r\u00eai l\u00fd lu\u00cbn l\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00ef qu\u00b8ng\\\". T\u00f5 c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00fd lu\u00cbn, t\u00f5 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5n h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00e3 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6, qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 g\u00e4i l\u00b5 ho\u00b5n th\u00b5nh. Song, v\u00d7 qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f8 ti\u00d5n m\u00b7i, n\u00aan n\u00e3i chung v\u00c9n l\u00b5 ch\u2212a ho\u00b5n th\u00b5nh. B\u00cat k\u00fa trong gi\u00edi t\u00f9 nhi\u00aan hay trong x\u00b7 h\u00e9i, m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00cau tranh n\u00e9i b\u00e9 c\u00f8 ti\u00d5n m\u00b7i, ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n m\u00b7i. S\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i ti\u00d5n t\u00edi m\u00b7i, ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n m\u00b7i. Cho n\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng ph\u00b6i kh\u00d0o s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i khi c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng sai l\u00c7m trong t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, l\u00fd lu\u00cbn, k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch v\u00b5 ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai, khi giai \u00aeo\u00b9n n\u00b5y ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n l\u00aan giai \u00aeo\u00b9n kh\u00b8c, th\u00d7 s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00b5 chi\u00d5n s\u00dc c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i ti\u00d5n theo. Ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00d2 ra nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 m\u00edi v\u00b5 ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p m\u00edi h\u00eep v\u00edi t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh m\u00edi c\u00f1a c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. Trong th\u00eai k\u00fa c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh bi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e6i r\u00cat mau. N\u00d5u s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t kh\u00abng theo k\u00dep th\u00d7 kh\u00e3 m\u00b5 \u00ae\u2212a c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00beng l\u00eei. Th\u2212\u00eang c\u00e3 khi t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng kh\u00abng theo k\u00dep th\u00f9c t\u00d5. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai ta b\u00de \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n x\u00b7 h\u00e9i h\u00b9n ch\u00d5. Ph\u00b6i ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai khuynh h\u00f7u. T\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a h\u00e4 kh\u00abng theo k\u00dep s\u00f9 bi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e6i c\u00f1a t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh kh\u00b8ch quan. T\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00b7 ti\u00d5n l\u00aan, m\u00b5 s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a h\u00e4 c\u00f8 \u00eb ch\u00e7 c\u00f2, v\u00d7 t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a h\u00e4 xa r\u00eai th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh. H\u00e4 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abng \u00aei tr\u2212\u00edc xe \u00ae\u00d3 h\u2212\u00edng d\u00c9n, l\u00b9i ch\u00b9y sau xe v\u00b5 tr\u00b8ch xe ch\u00b9y mau qu\u00b8. H\u00e4 mu\u00e8n g\u00df xe l\u00b9i, l\u00b5m cho xe th\u00f4t l\u00efi.","th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh sinh ra hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t... 129 L\u00b9i c\u00c7n ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai khuynh t\u00b6. H\u00e4 ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t n\u00e3i cho s\u2212\u00edng mi\u00d6ng. T\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a h\u00e4 nh\u00b6y qua nh\u00f7ng giai \u00aeo\u00b9n ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh. H\u00e4 cho \u00b6o t\u2212\u00ebng l\u00b5 s\u00f9 th\u00cbt. H\u00e4 xa r\u00eai s\u00f9 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b9i \u00aea s\u00e8 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. H\u00e4 kh\u00abng thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c. H\u00e4 h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch li\u00d2u m\u00b9ng. Nh\u00f7ng b\u00d6nh duy t\u00a9m, m\u00b8y m\u00e3c, m\u00b9o hi\u00d3m, ch\u00f1 quan, v.v., \u00ae\u00d2u v\u00d7 t\u00b8ch r\u00eai \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n kh\u00b8ch quan v\u00edi ch\u00f1 quan, t\u00b8ch r\u00eai l\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00edi th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00b5 c\u00e3. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c - L\u00aanin ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng nh\u00f7ng sai l\u00c7m \u00cay. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c - L\u00aanin nh\u00cbn r\u00bbng: Trong c\u00b6 t\u00e6ng qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i c\u00f1a to\u00b5n th\u00d3 v\u00f2 tr\u00f4 th\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n c\u00f4 th\u00d3 ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 t\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00e8i. Do \u00ae\u00e3, nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai ta trong t\u00f5ng giai \u00aeo\u00b9n nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 th\u00cbt t\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00e8i trong c\u00b8i s\u00f9 th\u00cbt tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i to l\u00edn. V\u00ab s\u00e8 s\u00f9 th\u00cbt t\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00e8i h\u00e4p l\u00b9i th\u00b5nh s\u00f9 th\u00cbt tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i. S\u00f9 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n c\u00f1a qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh kh\u00b8ch quan ch\u00f8a \u00ae\u00c7y m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00cau tranh. S\u00f9 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n c\u00f1a hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00c7y m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00cau tranh. C\u00abng vi\u00d6c x\u00b7 h\u00e9i ph\u00b8t sinh, ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n v\u00b5 ti\u00aau di\u00d6t l\u00b5 v\u00ab c\u00efng. S\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t ph\u00b8t sinh, ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 v\u00ab c\u00efng. C\u00f8 ti\u00d5n l\u00aan m\u00b7i, th\u00d7 s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f2ng s\u00a9u s\u00bec th\u00aam m\u00b7i. S\u00f9 bi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e6i trong th\u00d5 gi\u00edi kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea h\u00d5t, cho n\u00aan s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t trong th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea h\u00d5t, ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c - L\u00aanin lu\u00abn lu\u00abn m\u00eb r\u00e9ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eang hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t s\u00f9 th\u00cbt trong th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng h\u00b9n ch\u00d5 n\u00e3. Ch\u00f1 quan v\u00b5 kh\u00b8ch quan, l\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, bi\u00d5t v\u00b5 l\u00b5m, l\u00b5 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat. Ch\u00f3ng ta ch\u00e8ng sai l\u00c7m t\u00b6 khuynh v\u00b5 h\u00f7u khuynh, v\u00d7 n\u00e3 tr\u00b8i v\u00edi \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n l\u00dech s\u00f6. Giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n v\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00f1a v\u00ab s\u00b6n ph\u00b6i g\u00b8nh c\u00b8i tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d6m hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t th\u00d5 gi\u00edi v\u00b5 c\u00b6i t\u00b9o th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 trong th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, s\u00f9 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b6i t\u00b9o th\u00d5 gi\u00edi \u00ae\u00b7 \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n m\u00e9t th\u00eai k\u00fa m\u00edi m\u00ce v\u00b5 l\u00edn lao, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 bi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e6i Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi \u00aeen t\u00e8i th\u00b5nh Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi quang vinh.","130 h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh to\u00b5n t\u00cbp Trong cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00b6i t\u00b9o Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng ph\u00b6i c\u00b6i t\u00b9o th\u00d5 gi\u00edi kh\u00b8ch quan1), \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00eai ph\u00b6i c\u00b6i t\u00b9o th\u00d5 gi\u00edi ch\u00f1 quan2) c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, c\u00b6i t\u00b9o t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh v\u00b5 s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. C\u00b6i t\u00b9o m\u00e8i quan h\u00d6 gi\u00f7a th\u00d5 gi\u00edi ch\u00f1 quan v\u00b5 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi kh\u00b8ch quan. M\u00e9t ph\u00c7n s\u00b8u \u00ae\u00dea c\u00c7u \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b6i t\u00b9o nh\u2212 th\u00d5. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 Li\u00aan X\u00ab. Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00aeang \u00ae\u00c8y m\u00b9nh qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh c\u00b6i t\u00b9o \u00cay. Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi c\u00f2ng \u00aeang \u00aei v\u00b5o con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang c\u00b6i t\u00b9o \u00cay, ho\u00c6c \u00ddt ho\u00c6c nhi\u00d2u. Trong th\u00d5 gi\u00edi kh\u00b8ch quan \u00aeang \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00b6i t\u00b9o, c\u00e3 c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i vi\u00d6c c\u00b6i t\u00b9o \u00cay. H\u00e4 ph\u00b6i tr\u00b6i qua giai \u00aeo\u00b9n b\u00de b\u00bet bu\u00e9c, sau h\u00e4 m\u00edi ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5n giai \u00aeo\u00b9n t\u00f9 gi\u00b8c. \u00a7\u00d5n l\u00f3c m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u t\u00f9 gi\u00b8c c\u00b6i t\u00b9o m\u00d7nh v\u00b5 c\u00b6i t\u00b9o th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, th\u00d7 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi s\u00cf l\u00b5 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi c\u00e9ng s\u00b6n. Do th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00b5 t\u00d7m ra s\u00f9 th\u00cbt. L\u00b9i do th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00b5 ch\u00f8ng th\u00f9c s\u00f9 th\u00cbt v\u00b5 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n s\u00f9 th\u00cbt. T\u00f5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00bbng c\u00b6m gi\u00b8c ti\u00d5n l\u00aan hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00bbng l\u00fd tr\u00dd. L\u00b9i t\u00f5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t b\u00bbng l\u00fd tr\u00dd ti\u00d5n l\u00aan th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, c\u00b6i t\u00b9o th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. Th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t. L\u00b9i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, l\u00b9i hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t n\u00f7a. C\u00f8 \u00aei v\u00dfng nh\u2212 th\u00d5 m\u00b7i, kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea ng\u00f5ng. V\u00b5 n\u00e9i dung c\u00f1a th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh v\u00b5 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t l\u00c7n sau cao h\u00acn l\u00c7n tr\u2212\u00edc. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 n\u00e9i dung v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t trong duy v\u00cbt bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 quan \u00aei\u00d3m bi\u00d5t v\u00b5 l\u00b5m th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat c\u00f1a duy v\u00cbt bi\u00d6n ch\u00f8ng. C.B. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 17, ng\u00b5y 19-7-1951. _______________ 1), 2) Th\u00d5 gi\u00edi kh\u00b8ch quan l\u00b5 nh\u2212 b\u00e4n th\u00f9c d\u00a9n, \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c, b\u00ef nh\u00d7n, v.v.. Th\u00d5 gi\u00edi ch\u00f1 quan l\u00b5 nh\u2212 l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh: b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i, ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, c\u00b8n b\u00e9, s\u00f9 \u00f1ng h\u00e9 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc d\u00a9n ch\u00f1, v.v.. N\u00e3i t\u00e3m l\u00b9i: C\u00b8i g\u00d7 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i \u00eb m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 kh\u00b8ch quan, c\u00b8i g\u00d7 \u00eb m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 ch\u00f1 quan (TG).","131 Chuy\u00d6n ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 l\u00b5 5 ph\u00c7n 10 c\u00f1a lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai. Vai tr\u00df ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 r\u00cat quan tr\u00e4ng. Th\u00d5 m\u00b5 b\u00b8o ch\u00dd ta \u00ddt n\u00e3i \u00ae\u00d5n ph\u00f4 n\u00f7. Khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00cay c\u00f2ng v\u00d7 ch\u00de em ta \u00ddt l\u00aan ti\u00d5ng. Chu\u00abng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00b8nh kh\u00abng k\u00aau! H\u00abm nay xin n\u00e3i m\u00e9t chuy\u00d6n ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 n\u2212\u00edc b\u00b9n (ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 n\u2212\u00edc n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 ch\u00de em ta). Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 Trung Qu\u00e8c, hi\u00d6n nay \u00aeang h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i tham gia phong tr\u00b5o ch\u00e8ng M\u00fc, gi\u00f3p Tri\u00d2u Ti\u00aan, g\u00e5m c\u00e3 3 \u00aei\u00d3m: 1. Thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c nh\u00bbm v\u00b5o t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh ti\u00d5t ki\u00d6m, h\u00e4c t\u00cbp ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de. K\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch thi \u00aeua r\u00cat gi\u00b6n \u00ae\u00acn thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c, l\u00b5m t\u00f5ng nh\u00b5, t\u00f5ng l\u00b5ng, t\u00f5ng c\u00ac quan, t\u00f5ng x\u2212\u00ebng m\u00b8y, v.v.. 2. T\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat v\u00b5 ti\u00d5t ki\u00d6m \u00ae\u00d3 mua m\u00b8y bay, xe t\u00a8ng, \u00ae\u00b9i b\u00b8c l\u00cay t\u00aan l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e9i m\u00b8y bay, \u00ae\u00e9i xe t\u00a8ng, \u00ae\u00e9i \u00ae\u00b9i b\u00b8c ph\u00f4 n\u00f7. Vi\u00d6c quy\u00aan n\u00b5y l\u00b5 t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n, ai c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u quy\u00aan nhi\u00d2u, c\u00e3 \u00ddt quy\u00aan \u00ddt, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i b\u00e6 theo \u00ae\u00c7u ng\u2212\u00eai. 3. Do H\u00e9i Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 h\u2212\u00edng d\u00c9n v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00abn \u00ae\u00e8c, ch\u00de em c\u00b8c n\u00aci ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec gia \u00ae\u00d7nh th\u2212\u00acng binh, t\u00f6 s\u00dc v\u00b5 gia \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00b8c li\u00d6t s\u00dc \u00ae\u00b7 hy sinh v\u00d7 c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 Trung Qu\u00e8c ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng nh\u2212 r\u00f8a, ch\u00de em Vi\u00d6t Nam ta th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1865, ng\u00b5y 20-7-1951.","132 Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00f8c ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i m\u00fc Ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng M\u00fc c\u00e8 v\u00e2 trang l\u00b9i ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng T\u00a9y \u00a7\u00f8c v\u00b5 Nh\u00cbt B\u00b6n \u00ae\u00d3 chu\u00c8n b\u00de Th\u00d5 gi\u00edi chi\u00d5n tranh l\u00c7n th\u00f8 ba. Nh\u2212ng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Nh\u00cbt v\u00b5 \u00a7\u00f8c ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i \u00c7m l\u00aan. \u00a7\u00a9y l\u00b5 m\u00e9t ch\u00f8ng c\u00ed r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng: H\u00abm 3-6-51 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 C\u00e9ng h\u00dfa \u00a7\u00f8c m\u00eb m\u00e9t cu\u00e9c b\u00e1 phi\u00d5u, h\u00e1i \u00fd ki\u00d5n nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n v\u00d2 hai \u00aei\u00d2u: - B\u00b9n c\u00e3 ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i vi\u00d6c v\u00e2 trang n\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00f8c kh\u00abng? - B\u00b9n c\u00e3 y\u00aau c\u00c7u n\u00e9i trong n\u00a8m nay c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ph\u00b6i k\u00fd h\u00dfa \u2212\u00edc v\u00edi \u00a7\u00f8c kh\u00abng? S\u00e8 c\u00f6 tri l\u00b5 13 tri\u00d6u 697.000 ng\u2212\u00eai. Tham gia b\u00e1 phi\u00d5u: 13 tri\u00d6u 618.000 (t\u00f8c l\u00b5 99 ph\u00c7n 100 c\u00f6 tri tham gia). S\u00e8 phi\u00d5u n\u00e3i c\u00e3: 13 tri\u00d6u 34.000 ng\u2212\u00eai. S\u00e8 phi\u00d5u n\u00e3i kh\u00abng: 546.000 ng\u2212\u00eai (t\u00f8c l\u00b5 4 ph\u00c7n 100 ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i). \u00fd d\u00a9n l\u00b5 \u00fd tr\u00eai. M\u00fc d\u00ef nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e5ng \u00ae\u00abla, nhi\u00d2u bom nguy\u00aan t\u00f6, nh\u2212ng to\u00b5n d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i, th\u00d7 M\u00fc c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i co v\u00dfi. \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1867, ng\u00b5y 23-7-1951.","133 C\u00e4p, nai, th\u00e1 M\u00e9t h\u00b9 s\u00dc quan Ph\u00b8p t\u00aan l\u00b5 Ghi\u00abng (Guillon) b\u00de ta b\u00bet \u00eb Ninh B\u00d7nh. Y khai r\u00bbng b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i y \u00eb \u00a7\u00e5ng Nai (Nam B\u00e9) b\u00de \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00d5n H\u00e5ng Gai. B\u00de ta \u00ae\u00b8nh thua \u00eb U\u00abng B\u00dd, b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i y l\u00b9i \u00ae\u2212a \u00ae\u00d5n Ninh B\u00d7nh. \u00a7\u00d5n \u00ae\u00a9y y \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00d6nh \u00aeu\u00e6i cha c\u00e8 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o C\u00abng gi\u00b8o, chi\u00d5m nh\u00b5 th\u00ea l\u00b5m v\u00de tr\u00dd, \u00ae\u00f4c g\u00b8c chu\u00abng l\u00b5m \u00e6 s\u00f3ng. Nh\u2212ng v\u00d7 b\u00de ta \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00cat th\u00d7nh l\u00d7nh cho n\u00aan ch\u00d8 trong 19 ph\u00f3t, th\u00d7 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i y thua v\u00b5 b\u00de b\u00bet nh\u2212 b\u00bet th\u00e1. Th\u00d5 m\u00b5 th\u00abng c\u00b8o c\u00f1a b\u00e9 tham m\u2212u Ph\u00b8p n\u00e3i r\u00bbng b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b8nh h\u00a8ng nh\u2212 c\u00e4p. L\u00eai khai c\u00f1a Ghi\u00abng c\u00e3 Nai, c\u00e3 Th\u00e1, c\u00e3 C\u00e4p, nh\u2212 m\u00e9t v\u2212\u00ean b\u00b8ch th\u00f3 nh\u00e1. Song con c\u00e4p Ph\u00b8p ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 c\u00e4p gi\u00cay. Nh\u2212ng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00b8ng ch\u00f3 \u00fd trong l\u00eai khai n\u00b5y l\u00b5: 1. Gi\u00c6c \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00a9u c\u00f2ng chi\u00d5m \u00ae\u00e3ng nh\u00b5 th\u00ea c\u00f1a Ch\u00f3a v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00b7i \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o C\u00abng gi\u00b8o. 2. H\u00d4 ta \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00cat th\u00d7nh l\u00d7nh th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00dech nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh thua, ta nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00beng. M\u00b5 mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00cat th\u00d7nh l\u00d7nh th\u00d7 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta ph\u00b6i tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i gi\u00f7 b\u00dd m\u00cbt. Bi\u00d5t gi\u00f7 b\u00dd m\u00cbt t\u00f8c l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00beng \u00ae\u00dech \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n. \u00a7.X. B\u00b8o C\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, s\u00e8 1869, ng\u00b5y 25-7-1951.","134 Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 ki\u00d3u m\u00c9u V\u00b5i m\u00c8u chuy\u00d6n r\u00cat b\u00d7nh th\u2212\u00eang, m\u00b5 r\u00cat v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i. B\u00b5 c\u00f4 M\u00b8n \u00eb L\u00b5o Cai c\u00e3 4 con trai \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5 du k\u00ddch. 3 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 hy sinh cho T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c. Tr\u2212\u00edc ng\u00b5y L\u00b5o Cai \u00ae\u2212\u00eec gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng, b\u00b5 c\u00f4 b\u00de T\u00a9y theo d\u00e2i. Nh\u00b5 ngh\u00cco, b\u00b5 c\u00f4 ph\u00b6i \u00aei \u00ae\u00b5o c\u00f1 r\u00f5ng \u00ae\u00d3 \u00a8n. Ng\u00b5y n\u00b5o b\u00b5 c\u00f4 c\u00f2ng \u00a8n m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n r\u00cat \u00ddt, \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00c7n nhi\u00d2u l\u00b9i gi\u00f3p c\u00b8n b\u00e9 b\u00dd m\u00cbt. \u00eb Khu III, b\u00b5 c\u00f4 H\u00b6o, 62 tu\u00e6i, s\u00a8n s\u00e3c th\u2212\u00acng y\u00aau b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i v\u00b5 th\u2212\u00acng binh nh\u2212 m\u00d1 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi con. Ch\u00de Loan, 17 tu\u00e6i, c\u00f2ng h\u00d5t s\u00f8c s\u00a8n s\u00e3c b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i v\u00b5 th\u2212\u00acng binh nh\u2212 em \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi anh ru\u00e9t. Ch\u00de Ph\u2212\u00acng, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 d\u00a9n c\u00abng, g\u00c6p l\u00f3c tr\u00eai m\u2212a to, n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u00f9c. Ch\u00de xung phong \u00ae\u00e9i g\u00b9o l\u00e9i sang su\u00e8i, r\u00e5i gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec v\u00b5 c\u00e6 \u00ae\u00e9ng m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u sang. Nh\u00ea v\u00cby m\u00b5 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i kh\u00e1i thi\u00d5u \u00a8n. Ph\u00b6i ch\u00a8ng v\u00d7 danh, v\u00d7 l\u00eei, v\u00d7 \u00ae\u00dea v\u00de m\u00b5 h\u00e4 l\u00b5m nh\u2212 v\u00cby? Kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 l\u00dfng n\u00e5ng n\u00b5n y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 l\u00dfng ch\u00dd c\u00abng v\u00ab t\u2212 m\u00b5 ch\u00f3ng ta \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i h\u00e4c theo. C.B. B\u00b8o Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, s\u00e8 18, ng\u00b5y 26-7-1951."]