Phan Đình Phùng – Cuộc đời và sự nghiệp (Chương Thâu)

["Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi d\u00e2u b\u1ec3 phong tr\u1ea7n k\u1ebb B\u1eafc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f9 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ed3n m\u1ed9ng v\u1eabn quanh qu\u1ea9n b\u00ean nhau. H\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng khi ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m vui ch\u01a1i, t\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f4i ta sao m\u00e0 th\u1eafm thi\u1ebft th\u1ebf! T\u1eeb khi t\u00fac h\u1ea1 g\u00e2y vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ebfn nay, gan trung d\u1ea1 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 vang kh\u1eafp \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe c\u00e1c qu\u00fd quan n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau, ai c\u0169ng khen ng\u1ee3i v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng t\u00fac h\u1ea1, \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 c\u00e1i quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ngh\u0129a kh\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00f4n b\u1eadc th\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn thanh kh\u00ed ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nhau m\u00e0 th\u00f4i \u0111\u00e2u. Nguy\u00ean khi kinh th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c, nh\u00e0 vua d\u1eddi \u0111i, t\u00fac h\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 h\u0103ng h\u00e1i \u0111\u1ee9ng ra \u1ee9ng ngh\u0129a, gi\u1eefa l\u00fac s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn tay nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, m\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ai d\u00e1m b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Vi\u1ec7c thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa hay kh\u00f4ng? Th\u00ec d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u1eefa l\u00e0 t\u00fac h\u1ea1 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u1ea5n ki\u1ec7t, h\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay sao? T\u00f4i tr\u1ed9m \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1i ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u00fac h\u1ea1 cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTa c\u1ee9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ta, h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c h\u1ebft t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ta, c\u00f2n n\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 do tr\u1eddi, ta ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft d\u00e2ng m\u00ecnh cho n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft th\u00ec th\u00f4i!\u201d Cho n\u00ean \u0111i lu\u00f4n bi\u1ec1n bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, l\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i ch\u00ed \u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a x\u00f3m l\u00e0ng th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111au l\u00f2ng, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng mu\u1ed1n \u0111em \u00fd ki\u1ebfn th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ea1o mu\u1ed9i b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00ean b\u1eadc cao minh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea3i gi\u1ea5y m\u00e0i m\u1ef1c, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i g\u00e1c b\u00fat l\u00ean m\u00e0 than th\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. T\u1ea1i sao th\u1ebf? V\u00ec ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng gan v\u00e0ng d\u1ea1 s\u1eaft \u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u00e2u v\u0103n m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi t\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c, c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c, m\u1eb7t xa, l\u00f2ng xa, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2n t\u00fac h\u1ea1, m\u00e0 d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2n t\u00fac h\u1ea1 ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, v\u1ecb t\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ecdt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o tai c\u1ee7a t\u00fac h\u1ea1, ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed5 cho c\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ngu m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nay nh\u00e2n quan to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n c\u0169 l\u1ea1i sang, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111em c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c anh ta ra b\u00e0n, c\u00f3 khuy\u00ean t\u00f4i sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecf \u00fd v\u1edbi t\u00fac h\u1ea1, ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i g\u1eedi l\u1eddi nh\u1edd n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00fac h\u1ea1 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n (1) c\u1ed1 nhi\u00ean v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng bo bo v\u00ec gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9\u201d. C\u00e2u \u1ea5y quan to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ai, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i Trang 250","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, l\u00e0 v\u00ec cho l\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u1edbi t\u00fac h\u1ea1 c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m, l\u1ebd n\u00e0o t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i im \u0111i l\u00e0m thinh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00fac h\u1ea1 cho \u0111\u00e0nh. K\u00eca nh\u01b0 quan to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb xa mu\u00f4n d\u1eb7m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u0103n kho\u0103n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n ta nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi ch\u00fang ta sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf x\u1ee9 n\u00e0y, cha anh h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng \u1edf c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5y m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1edbm qu\u00ean h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a, \u0111i\u1ec1m nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ta ra sao? Nguy\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vua, v\u00ec d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 v\u00ec d\u00e2n; k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 trung v\u1edbi vua th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 trung v\u1edbi vua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00fac h\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u nay, b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 trung th\u00ec trung th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng ri\u00eang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n h\u1ea1t ta th\u00ec ph\u1ecfng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i g\u00ec m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e2m v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh l\u1ea7m than \u1ea5y? \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ai? N\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 theo c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e0 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0111i m\u00e3i, t\u00f4i s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i v\u00f9ng H\u1ed3ng Lam n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh ao c\u00e1 h\u1ebft, ch\u1ee9 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ri\u00eang l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i lo th\u00f4i \u0111\u00e2u! C\u1ee9 cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh th\u00ec sao? Thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u00edch l\u00e0m. T\u00f4i lui v\u00e0o m\u00e0 ngh\u0129, l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c v\u00f9ng d\u1eady vui v\u1ebb n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cC\u00e2u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em ra m\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5y!\u201d Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00fac h\u1ea1 hi\u1ec7n nay nh\u01b0 c\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1ecdp mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ed1ng, nguy hi\u1ec3m bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o? N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec t\u1ef1 tin th\u00ec quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m khinh su\u1ea5t d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n. May c\u00f3 quan to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n quen bi\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u00f4i t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, l\u1ea1i quan kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 \u1edf kinh v\u00e0 quan c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, \u0111\u1ec1u tin c\u1eady \u00fd ki\u1ebfn t\u00f4i c\u1ea3. T\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, quan B\u1ed1 tr\u1ea7n, quan Th\u1ecb Phan (2) ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec b\u1ecb \u00e1n m\u1ea1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec b\u1ecb an tr\u00ed, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00ec t\u00ecnh trong l\u00e0ng trong t\u1ec9nh, b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n cho c\u1ea3, may \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00ean \u1ed5n. L\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, Phan huynh (3) \u00f4ng ra th\u00fa, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i y\u1ebft ki\u00ean c\u00e1c qu\u00fd quan, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch. L\u1ea1i sai \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o tr\u1ea3 ngay m\u1ed3 m\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n, th\u1ea3 anh em th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c ra. Khoan h\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o? Xem \u0111\u1ea5y, d\u00f9 bi\u1ebft l\u1ebd \u00e2n l\u00f2ng \u1ea5y, tuy xa ngh\u00ecn d\u1eb7m, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1eady. N\u1ebfu t\u00fac h\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng cho l\u1eddi t\u00f4i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec3n v\u00f4ng qu\u00e1, xin ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1eebng lo ng\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 g\u00ec. Quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n mang ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e2u. Trang 251","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Nay t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u00fd quan: tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e3y tha b\u00e0 ch\u1ecb nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1o tin v\u1edbi t\u00fac h\u1ea1, v\u00e0 k\u00e8m c\u1ea3 b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00fac h\u1ea1. K\u00ednh xin b\u1eadc cao minh x\u00e9t cho. \u0110\u1ea7u non mai b\u00e1o tin xu\u00e2n, mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u01b0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Chu Thi\u00ean d\u1ecbch Theo nguy\u00ean v\u0103n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n trong B\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n ____________________________________________ 1. \u0110\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p. 2. Quan B\u1ed1 Tr\u1ea7n: Tr\u1ea7n Kh\u00e1nh Ti\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Ph\u1ed5 Minh, huy\u1ec7n Can L\u1ed9c, t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, \u0111\u1ed7 Ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng, l\u00e0m B\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh s\u1ee9 t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An. Quan Th\u1ecb Phan: Phan Huy Nhu\u1eadn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i, huy\u1ec7n La S\u01a1n, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, \u0111\u1ed7 Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, l\u00e0m Th\u1ecb lang B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng. 3. T\u1ee9c Phan Tr\u1ecdng M\u01b0u c\u00f9ng l\u00e0ng v\u1edbi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ed7 Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, l\u00e0m Tham bi\u1ec7n N\u1ed9i c\u00e1c. L\u00c2M CHUNG TH\u1edcI T\u00c1C Nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c: Phi\u00ean \u00e2m: L\u00c2M CHUNG TH\u1edcI T\u00c1C Nhung tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5ng m\u1ec7nh th\u1eadp canh \u0111\u00f4ng, V\u0169 l\u01b0\u1ee3c y nhi\u00ean v\u1ecb t\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng. C\u00f9ng h\u1ed9 ngao thi\u00ean nan tr\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea1n, Ph\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3n phong. C\u1eedu tr\u00f9ng xa gi\u00e1 quan s\u01a1n ngo\u1ea1i, T\u1ee9 h\u1ea3i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1ee7y ho\u1ea3 trung. Tr\u00e1ch v\u1ecdng d\u0169 long \u01b0u d\u0169 tr\u1ecdng, T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4n th\u00e2m t\u1ef1 qu\u00fd anh h\u00f9ng. Trang 252","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: L\u00c0M L\u00daC S\u1eaeP M\u1ea4T V\u00e2ng m\u1ec7nh \u1edf ch\u1ed1n binh nhung \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, M\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh g\u00ec\u1eb7c v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3i kh\u1ed5 k\u00eau tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e0n nh\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u1edf B\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 ong kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Xa gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a vua \u0111ang \u1edf ngo\u00e0i quan s\u01a1n, Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u1ed1n b\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i l\u1eeda b\u1ecfng. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec m\u1ed1i lo c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, Ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng trong c\u1eeda t\u01b0\u1edbng, m\u00e0 ri\u00eang th\u1eb9n v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng anh h\u00f9ng. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch th\u01a1 1: Nhung tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e2ng m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4ng, V\u0169 l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng. D\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3i k\u00eau tr\u1eddi xao x\u00e1c nh\u1ea1n, Qu\u00e2n gian ch\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9n r\u00e0ng ong. Ch\u00edn l\u1ea7n xa gi\u00e1 non s\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch, B\u1ed1n b\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eeda n\u1ed3ng. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e0ng cao c\u00e0ng n\u1eb7ng g\u00e1nh, T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4n ri\u00eang th\u1eb9n m\u1eb7t anh h\u00f9ng. Tr\u1ea7n Huy Li\u1ec7u d\u1ecbch B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch th\u01a1 2: Vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n v\u00e2ng m\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea3i m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4ng, Chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nay c\u00f2n t\u00ednh ch\u1eeda xong. D\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3i k\u00eau tr\u1eddi tan \u1ed5 nh\u1ea1n, Qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 ch\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1eady \u0111\u00e0n ong. Ch\u00edn tr\u00f9ng th\u00e1nh ch\u00faa n\u01a1i qu\u00ea l\u1ea1, B\u1ed1n b\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ch\u1ed1n l\u1eeda n\u1ed3ng. Tr\u00e1ch v\u1ecdng c\u00e0ng cao, lo l\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4n nh\u1eefng th\u1eb9n v\u1edbi anh h\u00f9ng. L\u00ea Th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecbch Trang 253","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u B. TH\u01a0, C\u00c2U \u0110\u1ed0I, V\u0102N \u0110I\u1ebeU PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG NGUY\u1ec4N TH\u1ee8C T\u1ef0 V\u00c0 PHAN B\u1ed8I CH\u00c2U (1) NGH\u1ec6 T\u0128NH V\u0102N TH\u00c2N \u0110I\u1ebeU PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG \u0110\u1ed0I LI\u00caN Phi\u00ean \u00e2m: Th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i anh h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1c lu\u1eadn, th\u1eed c\u00f4 trung, th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a, th\u1ec7 d\u1eef ch\u01b0 qu\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ee7y chung; Ch\u00e2u chi anh, m\u1eb7c chi linh, \u0111\u1ed9c th\u01b0 m\u1ed7i ni\u1ec7m c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ecdng; Kh\u1ea3 h\u1eadn gi\u1ea3 th\u00f9y \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ea1, nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9c nan chi, cung l\u00e3nh y\u00ean ti\u00eau, th\u00f9y nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t t\u00e1c th\u00e2m s\u01a1n o\u00e1n? Hu\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eadt long phi v\u00e2n \u00e1m, c\u1ed9ng ta nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ea3 li\u00ean La Th\u00e0nh giang s\u01a1n, b\u00e1ch ni\u00ean v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn phi\u00ean, binh m\u00e3; C\u1ed5 kim thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, nhi l\u01b0u th\u1ee7y, nhi cao phong, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu v\u0169 tr\u1ee5; Lam chi phong, H\u1ed3ng chi tuy\u1ebft, xung h\u00e0n v\u00f4 n\u1ea1i b\u00e1 t\u00f9ng \u0111i\u00eau; V\u1ecb h\u00e0 tai h\u1ed9i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3i ba, trung l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5, tinh di v\u1eadt ho\u00e1n, h\u00e0 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t kh\u1edfi c\u1ed1 vi\u00ean t\u00ecnh? C\u1eadp th\u1eed th\u1eddi nh\u1ea1n t\u00e1n phong xuy, kham th\u00e1n thi\u00ean t\u00e2m m\u1ea1c tr\u1ee3, \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1eed t\u00f9ng mai kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft, nh\u1ea5t t\u1eed tinh th\u1ea7n qu\u00e1n \u0110\u1ea9u Ng\u01b0u. (Theo \u0110\u00e0o Trinh Nh\u1ea5t: Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng..., s\u0111d) D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: C\u00c2U \u0110\u1ed0I V\u0102N TH\u00c2N NGH\u1ec6 T\u0128NH VI\u1ebeNG PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG Anh h\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i k\u1ec3 chi, t\u1ea5c d\u1ea1 c\u00f4 trung, t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u0129a c\u1ea3, th\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n chu tuy\u1ec1n; Son m\u1ef1c th\u00e1nh th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng; Gi\u1eadn v\u00ec l\u1ebd nh\u00e0 to s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed5, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0o, cung l\u1ea1nh kh\u00f3i t\u00e0n, c\u1ea3nh non th\u1eb3m ai kh\u00f4ng x\u00f3t n\u1ed7i? G\u1eb7p v\u1eadn r\u1ed3ng bay m\u00e2y t\u1ed1i; Ng\u1eadm ng\u00f9i cu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed5i thay, th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00f4i La Th\u00e0nh non s\u00f4ng, v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn tr\u0103m n\u0103m binh m\u00e3 lo\u1ea1n; Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ed5 kim c\u00f2n m\u00e3i, m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y, mu\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00fai xa, \u1ea5y Trang 254","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u ch\u1ed1n nam nhi ngang d\u1ecdc; Lam H\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 tuy\u1ebft, ng\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f4ng cho t\u00f9ng b\u00e1ch c\u0169ng g\u1ea7y; T\u00ednh sao \u0111\u00e2y s\u00f3ng c\u1ea3 \u0111ang d\u00e2ng, c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng kh\u00f3 v\u1eefng, sao d\u1eddi v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng ai ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ea1nh l\u00f2ng? Ngu\u1ed3n c\u01a1n nh\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c gi\u00f3 g\u1ea7m, ngao ng\u00e1n l\u00f2ng tr\u1eddi cay nghi\u1ec7t, th\u1ea5y ch\u1eeda t\u00f9ng mai kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft, tinh th\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea9u Ng\u01b0u cao! Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ea1o (2) d\u1ecbch Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: 1. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ee9c T\u1ef1 : \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf v\u00f9ng Nghi L\u1ed9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u0129 phu x\u1ee9 Ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 kinh s\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch. H\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa b\u1ea3ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 \u0110inh V\u0103n Ch\u1ea5p, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00fd, Ho\u00e0ng Ki\u00eam, Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u1ee9c K\u1ebf, Nguy\u1ec5n Sinh S\u1eafc... Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u (1867-1940) : nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp phong tr\u00e0o Duy T\u00e2n H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng phong tr\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng Du. 2. V\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00e0y xin xem th\u00eam b\u00e0i \u201cL\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng\u201d. PHAN TR\u1eccNG M\u01afU (1) 1.\u0110I\u1ebeU PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG Phi\u00ean \u00e2m: \u0110\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u00e1p, C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1t t\u1eb7c qu\u00e2n vi kh\u00f4i. Trung trinh b\u1ea5t qu\u00fd danh gia t\u1eed, Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebft do truy\u1ec1n c\u1ef1u gi\u00e1n \u0111\u00e0i, Nh\u1ea5t phi\u1ebfn can tr\u00e0ng tranh li\u1ec7t nh\u1eadt, Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 t\u00e1n h\u00e0n h\u00f4i. \u00d4 h\u00f4! Ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed quy h\u00e0 nh\u1ea1c, Kh\u1ed1c h\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00e2u Phong lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t b\u00f4i (2). D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: Trang 255","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u \u0110I\u1ebeU PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG Thi v\u0103n \u1edf s\u00e2n vua, \u00f4ng gi\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5t, C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Trung trinh kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb9n l\u00e0 con nh\u00e0 danh gi\u00e1. Ti\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfng quan Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed c\u0169.. M\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh can tr\u00e0ng \u0111ua s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 tan theo tro l\u1ea1nh (3). Than \u00f4i! Ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi s\u00f4ng n\u00fai, Kh\u00f3c h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ng\u1ecdn Ch\u00e2u Phong r\u00f3t vi\u1ebfng m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n r\u01b0\u1ee3u. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch th\u01a1 1: Thi \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed7 Tr\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean, C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c \u00f4ng tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trung trinh x\u1ee9ng \u0111ang con n\u00f2i, Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng gi\u00e1n \u0111\u00e0i th\u1eb3ng ngay. Can tr\u00e0ng s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 g\u1eedi n\u01a1i tro t\u00e0n. Kh\u00ed thi\u00eang tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u00e0 san, Kh\u00f3c d\u00e2ng ch\u00e9n r\u01b0\u1ee3u vi\u1ebfng h\u1ed3n Ch\u00e2u Phong. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch th\u01a1 2: Gi\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i thi \u0110\u00ecnh \u00f4ng b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t, D\u1ef1ng c\u1edd kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n. Trung trinh ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eb9n nh\u00e0 gia th\u1ebf, Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfng Gi\u00e1n quan. M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m can tr\u00e0ng v\u1ea7ng nh\u1eadt t\u1ecf, M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 b\u1ee5i tro t\u00e0n. Than \u00f4i, ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed v\u1ec1 s\u00f4ng n\u00fai,. Kh\u00f3c b\u00e1c Ch\u00e2u Phong ch\u00e9n r\u01b0\u1ee3u tr\u00e0n. ______________________________________________ 1. Phan Tr\u1ecdng M\u01b0u (1853-1904): sinh ng\u00e0y 11-11-1853 (t\u1ee9c 11 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m Qu\u00fd S\u1eedu), hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng Ti\u1ec1u, qu\u00ea l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i, (nay thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ee9c Phong, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd) t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. L\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c Phan Tam T\u1ec9nh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eadu Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 n\u0103m 1879, l\u00e0m Tri ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c (nay thu\u1ed9c H\u00e0 T\u00e2y) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t n\u0103m th\u00ec Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 Trang 256","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, \u00f4ng b\u1ecf quan v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea chi\u00eau d\u00e2n m\u1ed9 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c. N\u0103m 1885, h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Phan Huy Nhu\u1eadn, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Phan Quang C\u1ef1, C\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00f5 Phan C\u00e1t Xu l\u00ean h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i vua H\u00e0m Nghi \u1edf S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00e0m Nghi \u1ee7y cho c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9 ngh\u0129a C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. Hai n\u0103m x\u00f4ng pha \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c, \u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed d\u0169ng. L\u00fac Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ra B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi V\u0103n th\u00e2n B\u1eafc H\u00e0, \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng Cao Th\u1eafng lo l\u1eafng m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c trong qu\u00e2n ng\u0169. \u00cdt l\u00e2u sau Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, g\u1eb7p \u00f4ng \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u1edf \u0110an H\u1ea3i (Nghi Xu\u00e2n), li\u1ec1n giao cho \u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eef m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n. N\u0103m 1893, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, \u00f4ng ra B\u1eafc t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf. Gi\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e0o m\u1ea3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng, b\u1eaft giam ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa ru\u1ed9t \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea1o Phan Tr\u1ecdng Ngh\u1ecb c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. B\u00e1c \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Phan Tr\u1ecdng Cung ra t\u00ecm, b\u1eaft \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u nh\u00e0. Th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00fa v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1894, b\u1ecb giam l\u1ecfng \u1edf \u1ea5p Th\u00e1i H\u00e0 (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) cho m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn 1898. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng v\u00e0o Hu\u1ebf d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc t\u01b0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ch\u1ee9c \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, \u0111\u1ebfn 1904 th\u00ec m\u1ea5t. Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y b\u1ecb giam l\u1ecfng \u1edf \u1ea5p Th\u00e1i H\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch B\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u01a1 H\u1ed3ng Ti\u1ec1u thi t\u1eadp. M\u1ea5y b\u00e0i th\u01a1 sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb t\u1eadp th\u01a1 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean do \u00f4ng Phan Tr\u1ecdng Qu\u1ea3ng - con t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cung c\u1ea5p cho \u00f4ng Ninh Vi\u1ebft Giao 2. Theo B\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n. 3. \u0110\u00e2y \u00fd n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n \u0111em thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u1ed1t ra than, t\u00e1n nh\u1ecf, nh\u1ed3i v\u00e0o n\u00f2ng s\u00fang b\u1eafn xu\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng. 2. K\u00cdNH V\u00c3N PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH NGUY\u00caN Phi\u00ean \u00e2m: Th\u00e1nh tri\u1ec1u tam th\u1eadp kh\u00f4i \u0111a s\u0129, Ngh\u0129a t\u00edch danh cao ch\u00ed ng\u0169 nh\u00e2n. \u01af ng\u0169 nh\u00e2n trung c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c qu\u00e1n, T\u1ee9 ch\u00e2n b\u1ea5t qu\u00fd T\u1ed1ng V\u0103n th\u1ea7n. D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: Trang 257","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u K\u00cdNH VI\u1ebeNG \u00d4NG \u0110\u00ccNH NGUY\u00caN H\u1ecc PHAN Tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n c\u00f3 ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eadu \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean (1), Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ngh\u0129a s\u0129 c\u00f3 n\u0103m v\u1ecb (2). Trong n\u0103m v\u1ecb \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n h\u1ebft, Th\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb9n v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng \u201cT\u1ee9 ch\u00e2n\u201d c\u1ee7a V\u0103n th\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng (3). D\u1ecbch th\u01a1: Tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean ba ch\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Danh cao ngh\u0129a li\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 n\u0103m th\u00f4i. Trong n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3, C\u00f9ng T\u00f4ng V\u0103n th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1 s\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f4i. L\u00ea Th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecbch Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: 1. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khoa thi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n, n\u0103m Minh M\u1ec7nh th\u1ee9 3 (1821), \u0111\u1ebfn khoa th\u1ee9 ba m\u01b0\u01a1i, n\u0103m Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i th\u1ee9 4 (1892) l\u00e0 n\u0103m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00e9p B\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n. 2. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng ch\u1ebft v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0: - Mai Anh Tu\u1ea5n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec7n Nga S\u01a1n, Thanh H\u00f3a, \u0111\u1eadu \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean n\u0103m Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb th\u1ee9 ba (1843), l\u00e0m \u00e1n s\u00e1t L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, \u0111i d\u1eb9p lo\u1ea1n b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. - Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc C\u1ea7n t\u1ee9c Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00ea, ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c Oai, H\u00e0 T\u00e2y, \u0111i qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 L\u1ea1ng B\u1eb1ng (L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, Cao B\u1eb1ng) b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft. - Nguy\u1ec5n Quang B\u00edch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea9u ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y B\u1eafc, ch\u1ebft trong qu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1889. - \u0110\u1ed7 Huy Li\u1ec7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c b\u1eaft giam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tha v\u1ec1 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n th\u00fac, \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t. 3. T\u1ee9 ch\u00e2n: V\u0103n Thi\u00ean T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng b\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cT\u1ee9 ch\u00e2n\u201d: ch\u00e2n Tr\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean, ch\u00e2n hi\u1ebfu t\u1eed, ch\u00e2n T\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u00e2n trung th\u1ea7n. C\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0: ch\u00e2n Trang 258","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Th\u00e1i th\u00fa (Tri ph\u1ee7), ch\u00e2n Gi\u00e1n \u0111\u00e0i (Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed), ch\u00e2n Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 (\u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129) v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n trung th\u1ea7n (l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00fap vua c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc). 3. THU\u1eacT HO\u00c0I K\u00dd \u0110\u1ed2NG T\u00c2M Phi\u00ean \u00e2m: \u0110\u1ed3 b\u00e1o khu khu d\u0129 th\u1eadp ni\u00ean; S\u1ef1 chung v\u00f4 n\u1ea1i n\u1ea1i h\u00e0 thi\u00ean. Ho\u00e0ng h\u00e0 di\u1ebfu di\u1ebfu nan thanh s\u1ec9, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea3i mang mang h\u1eadn v\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00e3n nguy\u1ec7n ho\u00e0ng quan quy t\u00edn qu\u1ed1c, Ninh chung t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1o l\u00e3o tri\u1ec1u thi\u00ean. Th\u1eed t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f9y n\u0103ng b\u1ea1ch, H\u1ed3i th\u1ee7 gia s\u01a1n l\u1ec7 v\u1ea1n thi\u00ean (1). D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: THU\u1eacT N\u1ed6I L\u00d2NG G\u1eecI B\u1ea0N \u0110\u1ed2NG T\u00c2M Kh\u01b0 kh\u01b0 gi\u1eef c\u00e1i ch\u00ed b\u00e1o th\u00f9 trong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i n\u00e0y. S\u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 cu\u1ed3n cu\u1ed9n ch\u1ea3y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ee5c (2), B\u1ec3 xanh m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng m\u00e0 l\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i h\u1eadn. Nh\u1eefng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 v\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 (3), Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 \u0111en \u1edf ch\u1ed1n tri\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh (4). N\u1ed7i l\u00f2ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 gi\u00e3i t\u1ecf, Nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ec7 ch\u1ea3y r\u00f2ng r\u00f2ng. D\u1ecbch th\u01a1: M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m b\u00e1o ph\u1ee5c quy\u1ebft ra tay, S\u1ef1 th\u1ebf ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. Cu\u1ed3n cu\u1ed9n s\u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng tr\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee3i, M\u00eanh m\u00f4ng b\u1ec3 th\u1eb3m l\u1ea5p kh\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea7y. M\u0169 v\u00e0ng mu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea c\u0169, B\u1ec7 ng\u1ecdc m\u00e0ng chi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng chan ch\u1ee9a l\u1ec7, N\u1ed7i l\u00f2ng n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 ai hay. Trang 259","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Phan Tr\u1ecdng Qu\u1ea3ng (5) d\u1ecbch Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: 1. Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ninh Vi\u1ebft Giao. 2. Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0: m\u1ed9t con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. 3. M\u0169 v\u00e0ng (ho\u00e0ng quan): ch\u1ec9 m\u0169 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng phu, t\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u1ecf, m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng: C\u1ea3 c\u00e2u \u00fd n\u00f3i, ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m k\u1ebb d\u00e2n d\u00e3 \u1edf ch\u1ed1n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. 4. M\u0169 \u0111en (t\u1ea1o m\u1ea1o): m\u0169 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lai d\u1ecbch \u1edf ch\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng m\u00f4n. 5. Phan Tr\u1ecdng Qu\u1ea3ng: nh\u00e0 l\u00e3o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, con trai c\u1ee7a Phan Tr\u1ecdng M\u01b0u. NGUY\u1ec4N TH\u01af\u1ee2NG HI\u1ec0N (1) PHAN C\u00d4NG \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG V\u00c3N T\u1eea (2) Phi\u00ean \u00e2m: V\u1ea1n l\u00fd ai gi\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 v\u0103n, L\u1ee5c long thi\u00ean ngo\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch y\u00ean ph\u00e2n (3). Binh qua ch\u1ea5p ngh\u0129a ph\u00f9 t\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c. B\u00e0o h\u1ed1t l\u00e2m nguy b\u00e1i th\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n. Lang mi\u1ebfu c\u1ef1u truy\u1ec1n ch\u00e2n Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed (4) Giang h\u1ed3 kim kh\u1ea5p c\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n. Tha ni\u00ean t\u00e1i ki\u1ebfn trung nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh (5) H\u00e3n t\u1eb7c Th\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea1i hu\u00e2n (6). D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: VI\u1ebeNG \u00d4NG PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG Ngo\u00e0i mu\u00f4n d\u1eb7m, ti\u1ebfng k\u00e8n ai o\u00e1n, nghe kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u1ed7 xe s\u00e1u r\u1ed3ng k\u00e9o vua \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i kinh \u0111\u00f4, m\u00e2y m\u00f9 che l\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u1eefa Trang 260","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u \u00d4ng gi\u1eef tr\u1ecdn ngh\u0129a l\u1ea5y g\u01b0\u01a1m gi\u00e1o c\u1ee9u T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c l\u00e2m nguy. L\u00fac s\u1eafp m\u1ea5t, \u00f4ng mang \u00e1o m\u0169 l\u1ea1y vua (t\u1ecf \u00fd ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m xong nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5). Ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb quan Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh \u1edf trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh.. Nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n qua \u0111\u1eddi gi\u1eefa ch\u1ed1n giang h\u1ed3. Ng\u00e0y kia, trung nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u00ec \u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia. D\u1ecbch th\u01a1: Mu\u00f4n d\u1eb7m k\u00e8n bu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfng v\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0a, Ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi xe ng\u1ef1a kh\u00f3i m\u00e2y m\u1edd, Binh qua v\u1ecb ngh\u0129a lo ph\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc, B\u00e0o h\u1ed1t l\u00e2m nguy ngo\u1ea3nh l\u1ea1y vua. Lang mi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc khen \u0111\u00e0i gi\u00e1n gi\u1ecfi, Giang h\u1ed3 nay kh\u00f3c t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n x\u01b0a. Trung nguy\u00ean s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c ghi c\u00f4ng l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: 1. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hi\u1ec1n (1868-1925): nh\u00e0 ch\u00ed s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u. \u00d4ng l\u00e0m b\u00e0i n\u00e0y khi \u1edf b\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng m\u1ea5t. 2. Theo cu\u1ed1n Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hi\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp th\u01a1 \u2013 v\u0103n, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m v\u00e0 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n, Nxb Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng - Trung t\u00e2m V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y, 2004. 3. Ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c H\u00e0m Nghi b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0y sang Angi\u00eari. 4. Nh\u1eafc chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e0n h\u1eb7c T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft gi\u1eefa tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c. 5. Trung nguy\u00ean: ch\u1ec9 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. 6. Th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01a1n: th\u00e1i th\u00fa Th\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n Nhan C\u1ea3o Khanh \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed1ng An L\u1ed9c S\u01a1n b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c, b\u1ecb hi sinh, sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn. Trang 261","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u NGUY\u1ec4N D\u01af\u1ee0NG GI\u00c1 (1) TI\u1ebeT NGH\u0128A PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG (2) C\u00f4ng danh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 v\u1edbi khoa danh, \u1ed2! Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u00ean, th\u1ebf c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e0nh. Thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eafng ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o l\u00f2ng ti\u1ebft ngh\u0129a, L\u1eeda n\u1ed3ng m\u00e1t m\u1ebb t\u1ea5m trung trinh. S\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ecfa ch\u00ed tr\u1eeb da tr\u1eafng, Th\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f2n t\u00ean \u1edf s\u1eed xanh. G\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam coi h\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y, Sinh m\u00e0 nh\u01b0 C\u1ee5 ch\u1eb3ng h\u01b0 sinh (3). Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: 1. Nguy\u1ec5n D\u01b0\u1ee1ng Gi\u00e1: ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e3 V\u0103n L\u00e2m, nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00e2m, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd, t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. \u00d4ng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi, thi \u0111\u1eadu T\u00fa t\u00e0i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 V\u0103n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed l\u00e0m Th\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 ki\u00eam Ng\u1ef1 ti\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ed7 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a vua H\u00e0m Nghi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf c\u1ea1nh vua (c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ng\u1ef1 ti\u1ec1n v\u00f5 h\u1ed7 gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 T\u0103ng B\u1ea1t H\u1ed5). Sau khi vua H\u00e0m Nghi b\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft, Nguy\u1ec5n D\u01b0\u1ee1ng Gi\u00e1 b\u1ecf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, v\u00e0o tu \u1edf m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a v\u1eafng g\u1ea7n l\u00e0ng Y\u00ean Ph\u00fac, x\u00e3 Y\u00ean H\u1ed3 (nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u00fac), huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd. N\u0103m 1890, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ra B\u1eafc tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, qu\u00e2n c\u0169 l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, Nguy\u1ec5n D\u01b0\u1ee1ng Gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng, ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn, song qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u01a1 v\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, ta th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a kh\u00ed. 2. Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u00ec Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng m\u1ea5t v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh l\u1ef5 kinh ni\u00ean, l\u1ea1i th\u00eam lam s\u01a1n ch\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00ed \u1edf ch\u1ed1n r\u1eebng s\u00e2u. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 tin n\u00f3i \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ef1 t\u1eed, n\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n D\u01b0\u1ee1ng Gi\u00e1 m\u1edbi l\u00e0m b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ebfu c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. 3. Theo t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u1ed1 5-1970. KHUY\u1ebeT DANH B\u00c0I V\u00c8 K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG KH\u1edeI NGH\u0128A \u0110\u00c1NH PH\u00c1P (1) Trang 262","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Quan \u0110\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf qu\u00ea ta Kh\u00ed thi\u00eang hun \u0111\u00fac s\u01a1n h\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng Lam. V\u1ed1n l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i h\u1ecd Phan, Ti\u1ebfng th\u01a1m \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed3n vang kh\u1eafp mi\u1ec1n. T\u00e0i cao t\u1eeb thu\u1edf thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean, \u0110\u00e3 g\u1ed3m v\u0103n v\u00f5 l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec1n x\u01b0a nay. Vua ban ch\u1ee9c Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed \u0111\u00e0i, Ph\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y ch\u0103m lo (2) Tri\u1ec1u quan t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn to, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1eb7c t\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng cho h\u1ed7n h\u00e0o. N\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 \u0111ang bu\u1ed5i nh\u00f4n nhao, Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u1eb7c, trong sao l\u0103ng lo\u00e0n. Gi\u1eadn thay m\u1ea5y k\u1ebb quy\u1ec1n gian, Thay vua \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00faa coi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e2n lu\u00e2n Quan \u0110\u00ecnh v\u1ed1n tr\u1ecdng ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n, Thanh thi\u00ean b\u1ea1ch nh\u1eadt ng\u00e0i ph\u00e2n t\u1ecf t\u01b0\u1eddng. R\u1eb1ng nay gi\u1eefa ch\u1ed1n mi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, M\u01b0u toan ph\u1ebf l\u1eadp lu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng ra chi. T\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i g\u00ec (3), M\u00e0 \u0111em ph\u1ebf l\u1eadp v\u1eady th\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u00ean. Quan T\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn xung thi\u00ean (4), \u0110\u00e3 toan tr\u1ea3m quy\u1ebft nh\u00e3n ti\u1ec1n cho coi. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i ngh\u0129 xa x\u00f4i, Tr\u1ecdng g\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u0129a kh\u00ed, th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1edfm trung (5) Truy\u1ec1n cho gi\u00e1ng ch\u1ee9c ho\u00e0n d\u00e2n, Quan \u0110\u00ecnh khi \u1ea5y lui ch\u00e2n ra v\u1ec1. Qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1edf s\u01a1n kh\u00ea, Tin nh\u00e0 v\u1ed9i b\u00e1o ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 c\u01b0 tang (6). M\u1ea5y n\u0103m m\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh x\u00f3m l\u00e0ng, C\u00e0ng nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1n mi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0ng \u0111au. Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1 chi \u0111\u00e2u, Ch\u00ed cao v\u1eabn r\u1eafp m\u01b0u s\u00e2u nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m \u1ea4t D\u1eadu v\u1eeba hay, Tr\u1ea5n B\u00ecnh s\u00fang n\u1ed5, gi\u1eb7c T\u00e2y chi\u1ebfm th\u00e0nh (7). Tan hoang ph\u1ed1 x\u00e1, mi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00ecnh, Qu\u00e2n gia v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3, d\u00e2n t\u00ecnh b\u01a1 v\u01a1. Ch\u00e1y nh\u00e0 m\u1eb7t chu\u1ed9t m\u1edbi tr\u01a1, Qu\u1eadn T\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1edbm \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng (8) B\u00e1m ph\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1o cho an, Trang 263","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u M\u1eb7c qu\u00e2n v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c, m\u1eb7c l\u00e0ng v\u1edbi d\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh quan T\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2n c\u1ea7n, Thua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef l\u00f2ng trung. Xe loan \u0111\u00e0nh nhu\u1ed1m b\u1ee5i h\u1ed3ng, Vua quan l\u00fac \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebft \u0111i. V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ea5y n\u1ebbo tr\u00f9ng vi, \u0110\u00e8o cao n\u00fai th\u1eb3m qu\u1ea3n g\u00ec gian lao. C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecbch ru\u1ed5i sao (9), Ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1p giang s\u01a1n. Anh h\u00f9ng th\u1ea3o d\u00e3, th\u00e2m s\u01a1n, Ph\u1ea3i ra m\u00e0 gi\u00fap qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. Quan t\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0\u1edbc hay, Li\u1ec1n cho l\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 v\u1eddi ngay quan \u0110\u00ecnh (10). C\u1ea7m tay k\u00fd ch\u00fa \u0111inh ninh, T\u00f2ng vong h\u1ed9 gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i lo. C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, Ph\u1ea5t c\u1edd t\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd c\u1eady \u00f4ng (11). T\u01b0\u1edbc ban T\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u01a1n trung, Quan \u0110\u00ecnh khi \u1ea5y vui l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 gi\u1eefa ch\u1ed1n qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, N\u1eb1m gai n\u1ebfm m\u1eadt lo l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia. H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea non n\u01b0\u1edbc bao la, Giang s\u01a1n ri\u00eang h\u1eb3n m\u1ed9t to\u00e0 c\u00f5i Nam. M\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, Su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb Thanh Ho\u00e1 \u0111i sang Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh (12). Trong tay m\u1ea5y v\u1ea1n tinh binh, \u0110\u00e3 tr\u1eeb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y Tr\u0103m h\u1ecd h\u1edbn h\u1edf \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y T\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u1ea5y v\u00ed t\u00e0y m\u1eb9 cha. B\u1ea3o nhau c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111em ra G\u1eedi l\u00ean s\u01a1n tr\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng. Quan \u0110\u00ecnh t\u00e2m v\u1eabn ch\u00ed c\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0110\u00eam \u0111\u00eam tr\u1eb1n tr\u1ecdc t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng. B\u1ea3o c\u00f9ng Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ed5ng nhung, Qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t m\u00e0u. S\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u, L\u00e0m sao ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u01a1n thua. Khen thay Cao Th\u1eafng t\u00e0i to, L\u1ea5y ngay s\u00fang gi\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 cho l\u00f2 r\u00e8n. Trang 264","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u \u0110\u00eam ng\u00e0y t\u1ef7 m\u1ef7 m\u1edf xem, L\u1ea1i th\u00eam c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9i Quy\u00ean c\u0169ng t\u00e0i (13), X\u01b0\u1edfng trong cho ch\u00ed tr\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i, Th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eddi h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng. S\u00fang ta ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eeba xong, \u0110em ra m\u00e0 b\u1eafn n\u1ee9c l\u00f2ng l\u1eafm thay. B\u1eafn cho ti\u1ec7t gi\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y, C\u1eady nhi\u1ec1u s\u00fang \u1ed1ng phen n\u00e0y h\u1ebft khoe. C\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng gh\u00ea, \u0110\u1ed9i V\u0103n, qu\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ee9ng k\u1ec1 L\u00e3nh Chanh. H\u1ed3ng Lam m\u1eb7c s\u1ee9c tung ho\u00e0nh, \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3n t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7, ph\u00e1 th\u00e0nh Nam Giang (14) B\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 \u0110inh Quang, Gi\u1ebft Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Q\u1ee5ang Ng\u1ecdc h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e0ng theo T\u00e2y. V\u1eadn tr\u1eddi c\u00f2n b\u0129 khi nay, \u0110\u1ec3 cho xa gi\u00e1 l\u1ecdt tay k\u1ebb th\u00f9 Tr\u1eddi Nam gi\u00f3 b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbt m\u00f9, Quan \u0110\u00ecnh ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn gi\u1eef c\u1edd kh\u00f4ng nao. H\u1ed3ng Lam t\u1ecf m\u1eb7t anh h\u00e0o, V\u0103n th\u00e2n b\u1ed1n c\u00f5i tr\u00f4ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ta. Thua c\u01a1 T\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7u ho\u00e0, Sai Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn th\u01a1 thuy\u1ebft h\u00e0ng. Quan \u0110\u00ecnh s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1 b\u1ec1n gan, L\u1ea1i xui T\u00e2y t\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn binh. Sao kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ed5 v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh, H\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec3n vinh n\u1ed7i g\u00ec? Mang danh khoa m\u1ee5c l\u00e0m chi, La Giang m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 chia \u0111\u00f4i d\u00f2ng (15). Ho\u00e0ng Cao nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 xong, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng khuy\u1ec3n n\u00f4. L\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng T\u00e2y t\u1eb7c m\u01b0u m\u00f4, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam. T\u1eed sinh li\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa chi\u1ebfn tr\u00e0ng, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng thay Cao Th\u1eafng n\u1eeda \u0111\u00e0ng m\u1ec7nh chung. Anh h\u00f9ng v\u1eabn gi\u1ed1ng anh h\u00f9ng, H\u00e1 \u0111em th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn trong cao d\u00e0y Quan \u0110\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 g\u00e3y c\u00e1nh tay, Ngh\u0129 t\u00ecnh th\u1ee7 t\u00fac \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y x\u00f3t th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf tuy\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u01a1ng, Trang 265","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Chia binh c\u00e1c ng\u1ea3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n ta. Quan \u0110\u00ecnh nhu\u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh th\u00e1ng ba, Th\u01b0\u01a1ng thay Ng\u0169 Tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng sao sa ch\u00ed k\u1ef3 (16). V\u1ee5 Quang huy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba khi M\u1ea5y ng\u00e0n l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u00ec ch\u1eb7t s\u00f4ng. Trong qu\u00e2n ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp h\u1ea1 c\u00f4ng Quan \u0110\u00ecnh ph\u00fat \u0111\u00e3 xe r\u1ed3ng l\u00ean ti\u00ean. B\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed7i con \u0111en, Chim non m\u1ea5t m\u1eb9 v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao. S\u00f4ng d\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng tr\u1eddi cao, S\u1eed xanh c\u00f2n v\u1edbi anh h\u00e0o d\u00e0i l\u00e2u. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n h\u00e8n h\u1ea1 xi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u, \u0110\u1ed1t th\u00e2y l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c nh\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea3 mai. Gian t\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc ch\u00ed m\u1ea5y h\u01a1i, K\u1ebb ch\u00ea b\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u01a1ng. Quan \u0110\u00ecnh gi\u1eef ti\u1ebft c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, V\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1ea3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i l\u00e2u. B\u00ecnh T\u00e2y ai d\u1ef1ng c\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u, H\u1ed3ng Lam danh ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 sau c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u. D\u1eb7n con, d\u1eb7n ch\u00e1u m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u, V\u00e8 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1edbi hay. (Theo Ninh Vi\u1ebft Giao: Kho t\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 x\u1ee9 Ngh\u1ec7, t\u1eadp 8, Nxb Ngh\u1ec7 An 2000) Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: 1. B\u00e0i v\u00e8 do Ninh Vi\u1ebft Giao, PGS. H\u1ed9i V\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 D\u00e2n gian t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An, s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1. 2. Ph\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p: theo ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn l\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i. 3. T\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n: vua k\u1ebf v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c. 4. Quan T\u01b0\u1edbng: ch\u1ec9 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft. Khi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e0n h\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ebf l\u1eadp D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ra l\u1ec7nh ch\u00e9m \u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngay th\u1eb3ng, c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u00ean l\u1ea1i th\u00f4i, c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c quan v\u00e0 cho v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng. Trang 266","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u 5. \u0110\u1edfm trung: can \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0 trung th\u00e0nh. 6. \u00dd n\u00f3i v\u1eeba l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 tin b\u00e1o \u1edf qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 qua \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 c\u01b0 tang. 7. N\u0103m \u1ea4t D\u1eadu: Ng\u00e0y 1-7 n\u0103m 1885, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5 s\u00fang v\u00e0o Tr\u1ea5n H\u1ea3i \u0110\u00e0i c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea5n B\u00ecnh \u0110\u00e0i r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed3n Mang C\u00e1, s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 5-7-1885 qu\u00e2n ta t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3n Mang C\u00e1. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn khi nghe De Courcy ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh th\u00ec sau 3 gi\u1edd h\u1ed7n chi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n ta th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 8. Qu\u1eadn T\u01b0\u1eddng: t\u1ee9c Ph\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi H\u00e0m Nghi xu\u1ea5t b\u00f4n, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em vua v\u00e0 tam cung t\u1ea1m l\u00e1nh ra Khi\u00eam L\u0103ng r\u1ed3i ra Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n, n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Caspar. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng. 9. \u00dd n\u00f3i \u1edf n\u01a1i h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, H\u00e0m Nghi xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecbch C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i r\u1ea5t nhanh. 10. Ch\u1ec9 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft l\u00fac n\u00e0y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. 11. M\u1ea5y c\u00e2u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. 12. \u0110\u00e2y n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ra B\u1eafc v\u1ec1, \u00f4ng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1 \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u1ee7, huy\u1ec7n, t\u1ec9nh, v\u00e0 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u1edf Thanh Ho\u00e1, Ngh\u1ec7 An, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh. C\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c, l\u00e3nh binh hay t\u00e1c vi, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. B\u00e0i n\u00e0y n\u00f3i c\u00f3 18 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9, nh\u01b0ng theo \u201cL\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh\u201d t\u1eadp I th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 15 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. 13. \u0110\u1ed9i Quy\u00ean: t\u00ean l\u00e0 L\u00ea Quy\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng N\u1ed9i Di\u00ean, nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ee9c Di\u00ean, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd. 14. Ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3n t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3n n\u00e0o, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh Nam Giang l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh n\u00e0o. Trang 267","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u 15. La Giang: con s\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i. M\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 chia \u0111\u00f4i d\u00f2ng, \u00fd n\u00f3i Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i v\u00e0 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng m\u00e0 b\u00ean theo gi\u1eb7c b\u00ean trung v\u1edbi vua v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, quy\u1ebft ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c. 16 D\u1eabn t\u00edch Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0u vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 T\u00e2y Th\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, m\u1ea5t \u1edf g\u00f2 Ng\u0169 Tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00ed v\u1edbi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Gia C\u00e1t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C. V\u1ec0 TH\u01a0 V\u0102N PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG V\u00c0 H\u00ccNH \u1ea2NH PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG TRONG TH\u01a0 V\u0102N PHAN V\u0102N C\u00c1C (1) B\u00c0I V\u0102N S\u00c1CH \u0110\u00ccNH \u0110\u1ed0I C\u1ee6A \u0110\u00ccNH NGUY\u00caN PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng sinh n\u0103m \u0110inh M\u00f9i (1847) trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh khoa b\u1ea3ng \u1edf l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i, x\u00e3 Vi\u1ec7t Y\u00ean H\u1ea1, t\u1ed5ng Vi\u1ec7t Y\u00ean, huy\u1ec7n La S\u01a1n, nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 T\u00f9ng \u1ea2nh, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd, t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. Tu\u1ed5i ni\u00ean thi\u1ebfu, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh, nh\u01b0ng c\u1eadu Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ed kh\u00ed ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u201c\u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch\u201d, \u201cth\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4i nguy\u00ean\u201d. Qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed7 C\u1eed nh\u00e2n n\u0103m B\u00ednh T\u00fd (1876) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed7 \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 n\u0103m \u0110inh S\u1eedu (1877) khi \u00f4ng tr\u00f2n 30 tu\u1ed5i. N\u0103m 1878, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 l\u00e0m Tri ph\u1ee7 Y\u00ean Kh\u00e1nh (Ninh B\u00ecnh), m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m quan d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u v\u00e0o kinh, sung \u0110\u00f4 s\u00e1t vi\u1ec7n, c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng can gi\u00e1n vua v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a b\u00e1 quan v\u0103n v\u00f5. L\u00e0 Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch t\u1ed9i Kinh l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9 B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ee5c kho\u00e9t d\u00e2n l\u00e0nh, khi\u1ebfn y b\u1ecb b\u00e0i ch\u1ee9c. N\u0103m 1883, vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c b\u0103ng h\u00e0, ph\u1ee5 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft n\u1eafm to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n sinh s\u00e1t, ph\u1ebf D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c l\u1eadp Hi\u1ec7p H\u00f2a. \u0110\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n c\u00f3 Trang 268","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u m\u1eb7t trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ph\u1ebf l\u1eadp \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi di m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc uy quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Thuy\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec1u bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i im l\u1eb7ng. Ri\u00eang Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9ng ph\u1eaft l\u00ean qu\u00e1t m\u1eafng Thuy\u1ebft. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo cho \u00f4ng, n\u00edu \u00e1o \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9t c\u1ea3 v\u1ea1t sau c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m \u00e1o \u0111\u1ea1i tri\u1ec1u. T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft c\u1ea3 gi\u1eadn h\u00f4 ch\u00e9m \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng sau ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch h\u1ebft ch\u1ee9c, \u0111u\u1ed5i \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng. N\u0103m 1884, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m Tham bi\u1ec7n S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. Th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1885, vua H\u00e0m Nghi xu\u1ea5t b\u00f4n, phong cho \u00f4ng l\u00e0m T\u00e1n l\u00fd qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5, th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh qu\u00e2n c\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecbch kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u1edf qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i, r\u1ed3i r\u00fat l\u00ean Ph\u1ee5ng C\u00f4ng. Gi\u1eb7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u00f4ng, anh ru\u1ed9t Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: Ho\u1eb7c Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng, ho\u1eb7c ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e0o m\u1ed9 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 C\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u00e9m \u0111\u1ea7u Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u00f4ng. Phan kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cNay t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t to n\u00ean gi\u1eef l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng anh r\u1ea5t to \u0111ang b\u1ecb nguy vong l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ea5y m\u01b0\u01a1i tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1eeda sang ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9 nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh th\u00ec ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc kia ai gi\u1eef? V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u00f4ng anh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec m\u1ea5y m\u01b0\u01a1i tri\u1ec7u anh em trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ai c\u1ee9u? B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 th\u00f4i...\u201d Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng n\u00fai r\u1eebng H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n - H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea (V\u1ee5 Quang) hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ecba b\u00e0n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng, bao g\u1ed3m Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Thanh H\u00f3a. Ngay t\u1eeb bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 c\u00f3 v\u0169 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Phan \u0111\u00e3 giao cho Cao Th\u1eafng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng phong tr\u00e0o \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh, r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ra B\u1eafc (1887) li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 B\u1eafc. N\u0103m 1888, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u1ec1, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o phong tr\u00e0o, thanh th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. Phan chia ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ra l\u00e0m 15 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9, m\u1ed7i qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 100 \u0111\u1ebfn 150 ngh\u0129a binh, do m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c hay L\u00e3nh binh ch\u1ec9 huy, ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3n V\u1ee5 Quang l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 500 qu\u00e2n tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e9o d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u00fai r\u1eebng hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt Trang 269","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u du k\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch. Tr\u1eadn V\u1ee5 Quang th\u00e1ng 10-1894 v\u1edbi k\u1ebf \u201cSa nang \u00fang th\u1ee7y\u201d c\u1ee7a H\u00e0n T\u00edn \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n S\u1edf ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1: h\u01a1n tr\u0103m binh l\u00ednh v\u00e0 3 s\u0129 quan b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n thu 50 s\u00fang v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n trang qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng gian kh\u1ed5, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 duy tr\u00ec cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 11 n\u0103m l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t trong phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng V\u1ee5 Quang c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng vang l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng xoay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee5c. Qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u01b0u th\u1ebf tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00eam s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf (th\u00e1ng 8-1895 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf cho Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n \u0111em 3000 qu\u00e2n ra gi\u00fap Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n) \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng bao v\u00e2y c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ecdi ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c d\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, khi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n hao m\u00f2n suy y\u1ebfu. Cu\u1ed1i 1895, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00f9i v\u1ec1 r\u00fa Qu\u1ea1t. B\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong khi ch\u1ec9 huy chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt gi\u00e0y v\u00f2, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1895. Ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng qua \u0111\u1eddi, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n tan r\u00e3 d\u1ea7n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1896 th\u00ec phong tr\u00e0o t\u1eaft h\u1eb3n. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n - H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ch\u00ed s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 10 n\u0103m tr\u1eddi (1885- 1896) l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng tranh \u0111\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho h\u1eadu th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t v\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u00f2n s\u00e1ng m\u00e3i trong l\u00f2ng h\u1eadu th\u1ebf. *** T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t s\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba d\u01b0 v\u1ef1ng s\u00e1ch (l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u H\u00e1n N\u00f4m, k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u A971) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u01a1 v\u0103n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t m\u1ec7nh n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 Nho y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n dang d\u1edf. Trang 270","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y xin tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3m ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khi \u0111\u1ecdc B\u00e0i v\u0103n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong khoa thi \u0110inh S\u1eedu n\u0103m T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c 30 (1877). V\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i v\u0103n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef trong H\u1ed9i \u0110\u00ecnh v\u0103n tuy\u1ec3n t\u1edd 13-20, b\u1ea3n in kh\u1eafc Li\u1ec5u Ch\u00e0ng t\u00e0ng b\u1ea3n x\u1ebfp \u1edf cu\u1ed1i t\u1eadp H\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ed v\u0103n tuy\u1ec3n, k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u A.3173, Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u H\u00e1n N\u00f4m thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Kim v\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u, \u0110\u1eb7ng Thai Mai hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh. *** L\u1ec7 thi v\u0103n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n, v\u00e0o n\u0103m Quang Th\u00e1i 9 (1396) tri\u1ec1u vua Thu\u1eadn T\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ban chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c thi c\u1eed nh\u00e2n. C\u1ee9 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc thi h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec n\u0103m sau thi h\u1ed9i, ai \u0111\u1ed7 h\u1ed9i th\u00ec nh\u00e0 vua ra m\u1ed9t thi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 v\u0103n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. Bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n, thi Th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc sinh chia ra Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea1i, H\u1ea1 tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0 thi \u0110\u00ecnh chia ra Kinh v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1i, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed7 c\u00f3 Tam kh\u00f4i nh\u01b0ng v\u0103n th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y theo ph\u00e9p thi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean, d\u00f9ng v\u0103n th\u1ec3 b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ecf b\u00e0i \u00e1m t\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 v\u0103n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t thi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i kinh ngh\u0129a, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1, ti\u1ebfp ng\u1eef, ti\u1ec3u gi\u1ea3ng, nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3ng, k\u1ebft th\u00fac, b\u00e0i l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n 500 ch\u1eef tr\u1edf l\u00ean; tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00ec thi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 d\u00f9ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00fa d\u00f9ng c\u1ed5 th\u1ec3, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 ly tao, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 v\u0103n tuy\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng h\u1ea1n 500 ch\u1eef tr\u1edf l\u00ean; tr\u01b0\u1eddng ba thi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i chi\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eddi H\u00e1n, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ec3u m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i, d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ee9 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 thi v\u0103n s\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i, ra \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kinh s\u1eed, th\u1eddi v\u1ee5, 1000 ch\u1eef tr\u1edf l\u00ean. V\u0103n s\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a th\u00ed sinh v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra h\u1ecfi trong \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i. S\u00e1ch \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch, m\u01b0u ho\u1ea1ch; ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u00e1ch v\u1ea5n; ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u0129 t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kinh ngh\u0129a, v\u0103n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n xu\u00f4i hay bi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabu, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ba ch\u1eef \u0110\u1ed1i s\u0129 v\u0103n (xin th\u01b0a k\u1ebb s\u0129 n\u00e0y nghe) n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u1edf khoa thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng; \u0110\u1ed1i sinh v\u0103n (xin th\u01b0a k\u1ebb nho sinh n\u00e0y nghe) n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u1edf khoa thi H\u1ed9i; Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea7n v\u0103n (th\u1ea7n xin th\u01b0a th\u1ea7n nghe) n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u1edf khoa th\u00ec \u0110\u00ecnh. Th\u00e2n b\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft Trang 271","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u T\u01b0 th\u1eeba s\u00e1ch v\u1ea5n nhi nh\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea7n chi (nay v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi s\u00e1ch h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf qua nh\u01b0 sau). M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y ch\u1eef Thi\u1ebft v\u1ecb (tr\u1ed9m ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng) t\u1ecf \u00fd khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n. K\u1ebft th\u00fac bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u: S\u0129 gi\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00f9ng th\u1ecbnh th\u1ebf, t\u00f2ng s\u1ef1 v\u0103n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u1ea3n ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 t\u01b0, v\u1ecb tri kh\u1ea3 ph\u1ee7, nguy\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 k\u00ec tr\u1ea1ch nhi ti\u00ean chi, s\u0129 c\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i (K\u1ebb s\u0129 n\u00e0y may g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ecbnh, theo vi\u1ec7c v\u0103n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng, xin quan tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a m\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc cho. K\u1ebb s\u0129 n\u00e0y k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n th\u01b0a). N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1 do vua ra (ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1, ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch) th\u00ec b\u00e0i l\u00e0m ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u Th\u1ea7n c\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i [c\u1ea9n lu\u1eadn] (k\u1ebb h\u1ea1 th\u1ea7n k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n th\u01b0a, ho\u1eb7c k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n b\u00e0n). N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i v\u0103n s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n: ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea5y kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n sau n\u00eau ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i n\u00eau ra, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. K\u1ebf th\u1eeba ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n, \u1edf c\u00e1c khoa thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 thi H\u1ed9i th\u1eddi L\u00ea, v\u0103n s\u00e1ch v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0; \u0111\u1ebfn thi \u0110\u00ecnh th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 thi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i v\u0103n s\u00e1ch, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u0103n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i. V\u0103n s\u00e1ch trong thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 thi H\u1ed9i gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i thi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. Th\u1eddi L\u00ea s\u01a1, v\u0103n s\u00e1ch thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1000 ch\u1eef, v\u0103n s\u00e1ch thi H\u1ed9i kho\u1ea3ng 2000 ch\u1eef. V\u0103n s\u00e1ch thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 thi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ea3 \u1edf n\u1ed9i dung l\u1eabn ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u01a1n, n\u00ean n\u00f3i chung v\u0103n s\u00e1ch mang n\u1eb7ng t\u00ednh t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ri\u00eang v\u0103n s\u00e1ch trong k\u00ec thi \u0110\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, n\u00ean ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1ng s\u0129 hi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch v\u1edbi vua v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh. V\u0103n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn \u00edt b\u1ecb g\u00f2 b\u00f3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu v\u00e0 tu t\u1eeb, \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 do v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. T\u1ea1i k\u00ec thi \u0111\u00ecnh khoa \u0110inh S\u1eedu, n\u0103m T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c 30 (1877) n\u00e0y, ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cV\u1eadn tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00fac bi\u1ebfn. V\u1eadn \u0111\u1eddi h\u00e1 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 khi th\u1ecbnh khi suy?\u201d (Thi\u00ean v\u1eadn k\u00ed h\u1eefu th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebfn, th\u1ebf v\u1eadn kh\u1edfi v\u00f4 long \u00f4?) \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c th\u00ed sinh tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: 1 - C\u00e1c l\u1ebd d\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Trung Hoa t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi Minh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0110inh, L\u00fd, Tr\u1ea7n, L\u00ea khi tr\u1ecb khi Trang 272","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u lo\u1ea1n khi h\u1ee3p khi ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00ed do khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i \u1ea5y v\u1eadn s\u1ed1 d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. 2 - C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf, V\u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u1eefng g\u00ec? Gi\u1ed1ng nhau ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o? Nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu sao \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i y\u1ebfu h\u00e8n? Gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh sao d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4n t\u00ednh? 3 - Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf nhen m\u00e0 khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i v\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c non s\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 c\u1edb l\u00e0m sao? 4 - Thuy\u1ebft \u201cch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 tin ch\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa l\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0m sao tin c\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf: 5 - Qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbch v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac bao gi\u1edd? L\u00fac nh\u1ecf y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 l\u00fac c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? 6 - C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i T\u00e2y t\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng? C\u00f3 th\u1eadt h\u1ecd gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 k\u0129 x\u1ea3o hay kh\u00f4ng? X\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng, h\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao? 7 - Nay c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecf t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c c\u0169, b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 m\u01b0u toan c\u00e1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh. X\u00e9t xem nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng? 8 - V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. Xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh c\u0169 v\u1edbi ta, th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn \u0111i l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n hi\u1ec1m kh\u00edch, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y vi\u1ec7c th\u0103m h\u1ecfi h\u01a1i th\u01b0a. H\u1ecd mu\u00f4n n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n c\u0169, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xa m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t quan h\u1ec7 bang giao, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i sinh vi\u1ec7c can qua. Th\u1eadt Tr\u1eabm x\u00e9t c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc d\u0129, tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00e3 sai th\u00ec kh\u00f3 k\u00e9o l\u1ea1i\u201d (!) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 d\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh th\u00ec l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed7i c\u1ea3 tin v\u00e0 ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng: \u201cB\u1ea3n t\u00e2m h\u1ecd ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 coi nh\u1eb9 chuy\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, n\u00ean m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p An Nghi\u1ec7p (Francis Garnier) l\u00e0m c\u00e0n (2)\u201d m\u00e0 tin r\u1eb1ng \u201cM\u1ed9t l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a gi\u00e1 ng\u00e0n v\u00e0ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho ta (b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ninh B\u00ecnh, Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, Trang 273","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m 1873. Ch\u00fang tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y v\u00ec Francis Garnier t\u1eed tr\u1eadn, xem ra ch\u01b0a gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean t\u1ea1m tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00ed Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc 1874 chi\u1ebfm c\u1ea3 s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam). B\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft. Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u201d (!) v\u00e0 hi v\u1ecdng h\u00e3o huy\u1ec1n: \u201cN\u1ebfu h\u1ecd s\u1edbm tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t (l\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh) cho ta th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u00e1ng ng\u1eddi b\u1ed1n b\u1ec3, ti\u1ebfng hay truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng... Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u00fd h\u1ecd th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f2n t\u1ea1m ho\u00e3n \u00edt l\u00e2u\u201d (!!!) Nh\u00e0 vua y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u1eed s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o kinh bang t\u1ebf th\u1ebf h\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y h\u1ebft \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cTr\u1eabm s\u1ebd xem v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn d\u00f9ng\u201d, \u201c\u0111\u1eebng ph\u1ee5 l\u00f2ng Tr\u1eabm ham h\u1ecfi ham x\u00e9t\u201d. (L\u1eddi l\u1ebd c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua t\u1ecf ra r\u1ea5t ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin!) Xin \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. Sau nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng nh\u00e0 vua ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e9p \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u201d, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u: (Th\u1ea7n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch ban r\u1eb1ng \u201cV\u1eadn tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00fac bi\u1ebfn, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1eddi h\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khi th\u1ecbnh khi suy. \u0110\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5 xa x\u0103m v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e0n, nh\u00e2n h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa chinh ph\u1ea1t v\u00e0 thi\u00ean nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1n, gi\u1eefa ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p. Di \u0110\u1ecbch, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ecbnh suy b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i T\u00e2y quy m\u00f4 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi ta v\u1ed1n v\u1eabn h\u00f2a hi\u1ebfu, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh s\u1edbm mu\u1ed9n th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\u201d _______________________________________ 1. Phan V\u0103n C\u00e1c: Ph\u00f3 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, nguy\u00ean Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u H\u00e1n N\u00f4m, Vi\u1ec7n KHXH Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 2. Ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, n\u0103m 1873. Trang 274","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Phan \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 8 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau ra: 1. \u201cTh\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c, th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1c, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n thu\u1ea7n h\u1eadu m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn giao tranh \u1edf B\u1ea3n Tuy\u1ec1n, Tr\u00e1c L\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh Du V\u1ecdng, b\u1eaft Suy V\u01b0u (1). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u Thang V\u0169 m\u1edbi m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eddi \u0111ang th\u1ecbnh, phong t\u1ee5c thu\u1ea7n h\u1eadu ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, cho n\u00ean k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp sau l\u00e0 Nghi\u00eau nh\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4i cho Thu\u1ea5n, Thu\u1ea5n nh\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4i cho V\u0169, th\u00e0nh ra l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n coi thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u1eddi nh\u00e0 H\u1ea1 c\u00f2n g\u1ea7n th\u1eddi c\u1ed5, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc chu\u1ed9ng trung th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1eddi \u00c2n ch\u01b0a xa r\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c trung th\u1ef1c n\u00ean chu\u1ed9ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1c. \u0110\u1eddi Chu phong t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 n\u00ean chu\u1ed9ng v\u0103n v\u1ebb. Nh\u01b0ng trung th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t d\u1edf l\u00e0 qu\u00ea k\u1ec7ch, ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t d\u1edf l\u00e0 ngu xu\u1ea9n, v\u0103n v\u1ebb c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t d\u1edf l\u00e0 x\u1ea3o tr\u00e1, c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t d\u1edf. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau, nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n gi\u01a1 g\u1eady di\u1ec7t T\u1ea7n, nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7m b\u00faa di\u1ec7t T\u00f9y, T\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ng\u00f4i nh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Chu (2), Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng, Minh n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean. \u0110\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t ta th\u00ec \u0110inh Ti\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng d\u1eb9p m\u01b0\u1eddi hai s\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n, L\u00ed C\u00f4ng U\u1ea9n tr\u1ecb b\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i. Tr\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Chi\u00eau Ho\u00e0ng, L\u00ea \u0111\u00e1nh tan qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc\u201d. Sau m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u l\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, Phan \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cH\u00e1n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, T\u1ed1ng th\u00ec d\u00f9ng m\u01b0u, Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1ee3 ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0m lo\u1ea1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i l\u1ebd, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e0 Minh th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t ta, \u0110inh Ti\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ec9 c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e0 L\u00ed th\u00ec c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t. L\u00ea Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5 l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng [...] V\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn kh\u00e1c nhau, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i xem \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng hay kh\u00f4ng\u201d. 2. [\u0110\u1ebf V\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?] \u201cL\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a d\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ebf, d\u00e2n do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n, th\u1ebf ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c sao? Trang 275","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u L\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch d\u00e2n l\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a mu\u00f4n d\u00e2n tin theo to\u00e0n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c, th\u1ebf ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch sao? L\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 B\u00e1, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn chuy\u00ean m\u01b0\u1ee3n danh ngh\u0129a n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 vui v\u1ebb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf, V\u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u00e1 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, do \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u1ea5y c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Xem \u0111\u1ea5y th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i qu\u00fd V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 khinh B\u00e1 thu\u1eadt. Nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu m\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn suy \u0111\u1ed3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho k\u1ec9 c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu v\u00e0o s\u00e2u l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2u n\u00ean nh\u00e0 Chu m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00e1m tr\u0103m n\u0103m l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4n t\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00ec chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 h\u1ea1i d\u00e2n qu\u00e1 l\u1eafm, l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi o\u00e1n gi\u1eadn, th\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edf, nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n r\u00fat l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1eddi ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i\u201d. 3. \u201cL\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ebfm, t\u1eafc m\u00f4n, Qu\u1ea3n Tr\u1ecdng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf nhen, ph\u00f2 Ho\u00e0n C\u00f4ng m\u00e0 khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong g\u1eb7p may, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf nhen, n\u00ean ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e1nh S\u1edf t\u00f4n Chu. S\u00e1nh ngang t\u1ea7m Y L\u00e3 (3), Kh\u1ed5ng Minh c\u00f3 t\u00e0i v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1 (4) ph\u00f2 ti\u00ean ch\u1ee7 (5) m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1eddi v\u1eadn suy th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1 n\u00ean chi hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m ru\u1ed5i rong v\u00f3 ng\u1ef1a m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng l\u1edbn l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0m n\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1ng gi\u1eef Ng\u00f4 ch\u1ed1ng Ng\u1ee5y. [\u2026] Khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u00ean h\u1ea1, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf nhen n\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i r\u01a1i v\u00e0o B\u00e1 thu\u1eadt; Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1 n\u00ean c\u00e0ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u201cch\u00e2n Nho\u201d. 4. Thuy\u1ebft \u201cch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin ch\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u201cl\u00ed\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ebf\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin c\u1eady, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. 5. \u201cQu\u00e2n Nhung \u0110\u1ecbch v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb Hi\u1ec3m Do\u00e3n \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Trang 276","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Chu, sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Khi\u1ebft \u0110an \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng. Khi nh\u00e0 T\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0a r\u1ee3 Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi quan \u1ea3i th\u00ec th\u1ebf r\u1ee3 c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00e2n Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 tri\u1ec1u T\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi c\u1ef1c th\u1ecbnh\u201d. 6. \u201cC\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i T\u00e2y nh\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p, \u00dd, M\u0129, H\u00e0 Lan l\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u, t\u1eeb khi sinh ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 r\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi Minh m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd. Xem trong s\u00e1ch Kinh Th\u01b0 vi\u1ebft chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y L\u0169 \u0111em c\u1ed1ng ch\u00f3 ngao, hay trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch Kinh L\u1ec5 k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n T\u00e2y Nhung v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nh\u00e0 Minh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cho b\u1ed1n Di, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd. \u201cQuy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, v\u00ec c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i T\u00e2y \u1edf v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u1edbng \u201cC\u00e0n tu\u1ea5t\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00f4i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed \u201cKim\u201d n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd kh\u00f4n ngoan kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o, c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 tr\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng gi\u1ecfi m\u01b0u toan s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00fa c\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 thuy\u1ec1n m\u00e1y, xe l\u1eeda, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i, th\u00e0nh \u0111i \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t tinh x\u1ea3o k\u00ec di\u1ec7u, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ecbnh\u201d. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u01b0u th\u1ebf k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, Phan kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf \u00fd s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201cN\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 s\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf b\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xa, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1t, b\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 m\u00e0 trong nh\u00e1y m\u1eaft \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0n d\u1eb7m l\u00e0 c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u th\u1ee7y, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0 c\u1ecf m\u1ee5c, b\u00e8 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, h\u1ecd gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u00e0u th\u1ee7y v\u1ec1 s\u00fang \u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7, th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd sao V\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch g\u00ec ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 h\u1ecd. C\u00f3 c\u00e2u r\u1eb1ng: s\u1eeda sang vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9i tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i chinh ph\u1ee5c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 B\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0m thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i B\u00e1 thu\u1eadt. S\u1eeda vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9i tr\u1ecb th\u00ec nh\u00e0n, \u0111i chinh ph\u1ee5c th\u00ec v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u1edf v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3, thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. 7. \u201cNh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecf c\u00e1i h\u1ecdc c\u0169 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u01b0u toan c\u00e1i m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt Trang 277","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi, n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn \u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean v\u00fat b\u1ecf ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 m\u01b0u l\u00e0m c\u00e1i m\u1edbi. V\u1ed9i t\u00ecm c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng ch\u00ea c\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 bi\u00ean th\u00e0nh r\u1ee3 m\u1ecdi!\u201d 8. \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ta v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh h\u00f2a hi\u1ebfu c\u0169, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec1m kh\u00edch, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc xa x\u00f4i, bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1edf m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0a vi\u1ec7c th\u0103m h\u1ecfi. H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh h\u00f2a hi\u1ebfu c\u0169, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i xa ng\u00e0n v\u1ea1n d\u1eb7m, v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd g\u00ec kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng, kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t quan h\u1ec7 bang giao m\u00e0 sinh chuy\u1ec7n can qua, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb Tr\u00e0 S\u01a1n, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn C\u1eeda C\u1ea5m. H\u1ecd v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i khoe v\u00f5 l\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh c\u0169, th\u1eadt t\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 r\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc d\u0129. Ho\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00ec l\u1ea5y non s\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 lo cho sinh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 con d\u00e2n n\u01a1i bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1eafc chuy\u1ec7n binh \u0111ao, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m gi\u1ea3ng h\u00f2a v\u1edbi ch\u00fang, c\u1ed1t l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e3n binh nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi cho binh ngh\u1ec9 d\u00e2n y\u00ean. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00ec l\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng, coi th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p An Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m c\u00e0n. Ho\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1o Sinh (6) v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ta l\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111em c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho ta, m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a gi\u00e1 ng\u00e0n v\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng t\u01a1 h\u00e0o nu\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc\u201d. \u201cQu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n, \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd v\u1ed1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u1ed1t \u1ea5y. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n \u0111i l\u1ea1i, t\u1eb7ng bi\u1ebfu ph\u00e1o thuy\u1ec1n, h\u00f2a h\u1ea3o th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau, vui l\u1ee3i c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u1ecf h\u1ebft chuy\u1ec7n sai tr\u00e1i c\u0169. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd s\u1edbm tr\u1ea3 s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng hay, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, ch\u1eafc h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh k\u0129 r\u1ed3i. Nh\u01b0ng nay h\u1ecd c\u00f2n ho\u00e3n l\u1ea1i \u00edt l\u00e2u, ch\u1eafc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00ed do. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 h\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p tuy c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh h\u00f3a hi\u1ebfu c\u0169 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ta, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd t\u1eeb ngh\u00ecn d\u1eb7m xa m\u00e0 t\u1edbi, v\u1ecb t\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng. Trang 278","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng l\u1eeba anh, anh kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1i t\u00f4i\u201d, n\u00ean h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea5y l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 y\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 l\u00e0m v\u1eefng c\u00e1i h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a ta. Hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ee3i, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u00e0u m\u1ee1, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa g\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean v\u1ecb t\u1ea5t h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd l\u1ea7n l\u1eefa tr\u00f4ng ch\u1edd. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, s\u1ef1 th\u1ebf s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh Nam K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh Nam K\u1ef3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y Ho\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f2n b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 th\u00ec \u1edf v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian Ho\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i. An Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m c\u00e0n, l\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00e1i, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 s\u1edbm, c\u00f2n s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh ho\u00e3n \u00edt l\u00e2u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1eady. Xin Ho\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, d\u00f9ng nghi th\u1ee9c v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng trang tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3i h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1eef t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd vui v\u1ebb th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ee5ng ng\u1edd v\u1ef1c n\u1eefa. X\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee9c Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed l\u00e0m t\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u1ed7, n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0u vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc t\u1ed1n nh\u1ecf, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xong vi\u1ec7c. Xin Ho\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho xem x\u00e9t k\u0129 s\u1ef1 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd h\u00e1m l\u1ee3i th\u00ec l\u1ea5y thu\u1ebf quan, thu\u1ebf b\u1ebfn m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i cho h\u1ecd, ho\u1eb7c giao \u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee3i sau thanh to\u00e1n l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u01b0\u1edbc ho\u00e0 hi\u1ebfu khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i trong t\u00ecnh l\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i trong s\u1ef1 th\u1ebf, \u1eaft h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111em s\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh s\u1edbm tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i phi\u1ec1n Ho\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i b\u1eadc tr\u00ed gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t vui, b\u1eadc nh\u00e2n gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u00e2n c\u1ea7n tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00ec t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ecbu \u1edf v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb b\u1ea5t tr\u00ed, b\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee3i ta y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng\u201d. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i m\u00e0 \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 do ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch n\u00eau l\u00ean. Trang 279","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u H\u00e3y nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd: 1862, Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm ba t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng (Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, \u0110\u1ecbnh T\u01b0\u1eddng, Bi\u00ean Ho\u00e0) v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cnam K\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c Ph\u00e1p\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea3 mi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, 1875 (hai n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khoa thi \u0110inh S\u1eedu) ch\u00fang chia Nam K\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh 4 khu v\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. C\u0169ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 (ng\u00e0y 19-5) ch\u00fang x\u1eed t\u1eed Th\u1ee7 khoa Hu\u00e2n, l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf T\u00e2n An, M\u0129 Tho. Sau khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p g\u1ea5p r\u00fat th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Trung. Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ra \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1873) c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, anh d\u0169ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong t\u1ea7m tay, nh\u01b0ng tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i. Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Gi\u00e1p Tu\u1ea5t (15- 3-1874) ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u1edf c\u1ea3 L\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh. B\u1ea3y n\u0103m sau khoa thi \u0110inh S\u1eedu, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng 1883, 1884 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc cho th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u201cthi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u00ecnh giao h\u1ea3o\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a khoa thi \u0110inh S\u1eedu nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y. \u0110\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng (n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 30 tu\u1ed5i) c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Nho v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a s\u0129 t\u1eed. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn 8 n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i trong quan tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u00f4ng vua nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 vua H\u00e0m Nghi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u00f4n v\u00e0 ban Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0y 13-7-1885 th\u00ec \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng m\u1edbi danh ch\u00ednh ng\u00f4n thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9ng ra l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p su\u1ed1t 11 n\u0103m tr\u1eddi (1885-1896) c\u1ef1c k\u00ec anh d\u0169ng ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00eau cao v\u00e0 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb9p th\u00eam truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2007 ______________________________________ Trang 280","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u 1. B\u1ea3n Tuy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t con su\u1ed1i, nay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 su\u1ed1i Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf, thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n B\u1ea3n An, t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 B\u1eafc, Trung Qu\u1ed1c. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf giao chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Vi\u00eam \u0110\u1ebf kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 2700- 2640 tr.CN; c\u00f2n Tr\u00e1c L\u1ed9c l\u00e0 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai, \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam huy\u1ec7n Tr\u00e1c L\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh S\u00e1t C\u00e1p Nh\u0129 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay, t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf ch\u00e9m Suy V\u01b0u kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1660-2600 tr.CN. 2. Nh\u00e0 H\u1eadu Chu th\u1eddi Ng\u0169 \u0110\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 8 n\u0103m 952-959 tr\u1ea3i 3 \u0111\u1eddi vua. 3. Y Do\u00e3n ph\u00f2 Th\u00e0nh Thang, L\u00e3 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f2 V\u0103n v\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169 v\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e0 Chu, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng khai s\u00e1ng tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi. 4. T\u00e0i gi\u00fap vua l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn. 5. L\u01b0u B\u1ecb 6. T\u1ee9c Philastre th\u1ed1ng so\u00e1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng ra B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc do Francis Garnier \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm trong cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1873. V\u0168 NG\u1eccC KH\u00c1NH (1). PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG TRONG V\u0102N H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM (2) V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i v\u0103n t\u1ebf, th\u01a1 ca ca ng\u1ee3i anh h\u00f9ng ngh\u0129a s\u0129. G\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, tinh th\u1ea7n hi sinh v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1edbp nho s\u0129 nhi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1 cao. Kh\u1eafp B\u1eafc - Trung - Nam, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn lao trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c, Ho\u00e0ng Di\u1ec7u, T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n, Nguy\u1ec5n Cao... cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 Phan C\u00e1t Xu, V\u0169 H\u1eefu L\u1ee3i v.v... (c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eefa) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh, tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng. T\u00f9y theo ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u1eddi gian, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng th\u00ec l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u1eed, c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng V\u1ee5 Quang lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee3i m\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong ph\u1ea1m vi v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong d\u00e2n gian, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa. Trang 281","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Ca ng\u1ee3i Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u1ea3 trong chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, trong h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt. \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u00e1p, C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1t t\u1eb7c qu\u00e2n vi kh\u00f4i\u201d (Thi \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u, gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c v\u00ec vua, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t), c\u00e2u th\u01a1 \u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. Tinh th\u1ea7n ki\u00ean ngh\u1ecb, qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea3m b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n uy c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201ctr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1n \u0111\u00e0i\u201d nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi Phan Tr\u1ecdng M\u01b0u (trong B\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cch\u00e2n Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed\u201d nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hi\u1ec1n (trong Nam chi t\u1eadp). \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u00f4ng, B\u1ea1ch X\u1ec9 \u0110o\u00e0n Ch\u00ed Tu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c xin l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00f2 t\u00e1 cho \u00f4ng (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn). T\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n ngh\u0129a li\u1ec7t v\u0103n ho\u00e0n v\u0169 Nguy\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u1edbng vi\u00ean m\u00f4n t\u00e1c ch\u1ea5p ti\u00eau. (Ngh\u0129a li\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n vang b\u1ed1n c\u00f5i Xin theo b\u00ean ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ee1 d\u00e2y c\u01b0\u01a1ng). V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp tr\u1ebb sau \u00f4ng \u00edt l\u00e2u, c\u0169ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ed1i cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 Quang \u0110oan (con trai c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Quang B\u00edch): B\u00e1o qu\u1ed1c \u0111an t\u00e2m trung qu\u00e1n nh\u1eadt Di\u1ec7t c\u1eebu b\u1ea3o ki\u1ebfm kh\u00ed l\u0103ng v\u00e2n. Gia nghi\u00eam t\u00edch nh\u1eadt t\u1eb1ng chi\u00eau ngh\u0129a H\u1eadu b\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n t\u00e2n. (T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Phong thi t\u1eadp) T\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: C\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f2ng son soi nh\u1eadt nguy\u1ec7t Di\u1ec7t th\u00f9 g\u01b0\u01a1m b\u00e1u kh\u00ed tung tr\u1eddi, Cha x\u01b0a kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Con nay c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn xin l\u1eddi b\u1ea3o ban. Song c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ti\u00ean li\u1ec7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ean, m\u1ed7i v\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 80 ch\u1eef, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a V\u0103n th\u00e2n Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ebfu Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Trang 282","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c \u0110\u00e0o T\u1ea5n, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00fac T\u1ef1 (th\u1ea7y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u) m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n. C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t b\u00fat, c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf ch\u1ed7 \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng hay th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u00f4 trung, \u1edf tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. L\u00e1 c\u1edd \u00f4ng gi\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u00e1 c\u1edd d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u00e1 c\u1edd C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 V\u0103n th\u00e2n kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi hay v\u1ec1 sau vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 vua, \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00e9t m\u1edbi trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn. L\u00f2ng th\u1ee7y chung, s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00ec T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng cho th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft tr\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n vua, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ebfng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 V\u0103n th\u00e2n. T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, giang s\u01a1n, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean cho l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng th\u00eam s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i. Th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f4ng lao v\u00e0 vinh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00ednh do c\u00e1i khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00f4n vinh Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng trong \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 n\u00e9t ri\u00eang trong kho t\u00e0ng c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi, non n\u01b0\u1edbc, thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c d\u1ed3n d\u1eadp nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 cao c\u00e1i l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea. Tr\u00ean 24 ch\u1eef to\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba, giang s\u01a1n, v\u00e2n tuy\u1ebft, b\u00e1ch t\u00f9ng; tr\u00ean 10 ch\u1eef nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i, v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng; tr\u00ean 10 ch\u1eef kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ea7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5. Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng, c\u00e2y to gi\u1eefa b\u00e3o, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu v\u0169 tr\u1ee5\u201d. V\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e2y n\u1eefa, c\u00e1i h\u00e0o kh\u00ed qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng: nh\u1eefng tinh th\u1ea7n La Vi\u1ec7t, T\u00f9ng Mai v.v... Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang v\u00f9ng Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh n\u00e0y m\u1edbi c\u00f3. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng ch\u1eafc c\u0169ng th\u1ecfa ch\u00ed trong c\u00f5i xa x\u0103m. *** V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc chung quanh \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean l\u00e0 \u1edf l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, Trang 283","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u1eed ch\u00fa \u00fd. H\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e1, l\u1edbn lao qu\u00e1, n\u00ean c\u00f3 khi ta c\u0169ng qu\u00ean ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbt qua t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX sang \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. Ta ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c v\u0103n t\u1ebf, m\u00e0 qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch b\u00fat chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00ean, h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111anh th\u00e9p h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd. Ta c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean nh\u00e0 vua, c\u00f3 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn nhu nh\u01b0\u1ee3c, s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c (nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a V\u0103n th\u00e2n Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh). C\u00f3 b\u00e0i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1eb3ng cho c\u00e1c vi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p, vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 nh\u1ecf v.v... Lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e3i v\u1ec1 sau nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e1i H\u1ecdc g\u1eedi cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 20. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i n\u00e0y th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e1 th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i. S\u1ef1 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t ph\u00e2n minh, trong c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u00ecnh l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 \u1edf l\u00e1 th\u01b0 n\u00e0y, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3. C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1eefa tuy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, song l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u th\u01a1, kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n thi s\u0129. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 duy\u00ean n\u1ee3 v\u1edbi th\u01a1. Ta nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i, ng\u00e0y Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng s\u1eafp s\u1eeda t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 con, t\u1ea3 h\u1eefu, t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh th\u00e2n th\u00edch, r\u1ed3i b\u1ea3o mang b\u00fat gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn cho \u00f4ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft l\u1eddi di ch\u00fac? C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ghi m\u1ea5y d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00fd th\u00e1c v\u1ee3 con? Hay \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i th\u00eam nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbch. Kh\u00f4ng? \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u00d4ng l\u00e0m th\u01a1. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u01a1, \u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01a1, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 trong ph\u00fat gi\u00e2y tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i \u1ea5y - ph\u00fat gi\u00e2y m\u00e0 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 ra v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9, m\u1ed9t duy\u00ean n\u1ee3 v\u1edbi th\u01a1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi s\u0129 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u00e0 b\u00e0i L\u00e2m chung th\u1eddi t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 trang tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o bao la, v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. N\u00e0ng th\u01a1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u00f4ng c\u00f2n phi\u00eau l\u01b0u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc, \u0103n t\u1ebft xa qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00ec \u0111ang lo l\u1eafng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o. H\u1ed3n th\u01a1 trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1t Trang 284","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u c\u00fa n\u00e0y th\u1eadt l\u00e0 lai l\u00e1ng, ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0, t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n tha thi\u1ebft... c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc so v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb V\u0103n th\u00e2n kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e0o Trinh Nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch b\u00e0i n\u00e0y ra th\u1ec3 l\u1ee5c b\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i d\u1ecbch ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 trong tay: Ti\u1ebfng oanh non n\u1ec9 s\u00e2n ngo\u00e0i T\u00ecm Xu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u Ng\u00e0n thu m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m c\u00f4 s\u1ea7u Non H\u1ed3ng n\u00fai Ng\u1ef1 m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea7u xa xa Hi\u1ebfu trung l\u00e0 n\u1ebfp nh\u00e0 ta Bi\u1ec7t ly \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch, o\u00e1n m\u00e0 l\u00e0m chi Ti\u1ebft Xu\u00e2n ai c\u0169ng vui v\u1ea7y M\u00e0 ta ri\u00eang n\u1ed7i s\u1ea7u bi m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, chung quanh Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t kho v\u0103n h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n gian phong ph\u00fa. Kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c anh h\u00f9ng, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u1edf c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n gian ghi nh\u1eadn, song \u00edt ph\u1ea7n phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. B\u00e0i V\u00e8 Quan \u0110\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t trong kho t\u00e0ng v\u0103n v\u00e8 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u00e0i v\u00e8 n\u00eau kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n. B\u00e0i v\u00e8 n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea5t H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh \u201cGiang s\u01a1n ri\u00eang h\u1eb3n m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a c\u00f5i Nam\u201d, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201ct\u00e2m vi\u00ean ch\u00ed c\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d: H\u1ed3ng Lam t\u1ecf m\u1eb7t anh h\u00e0o V\u0103n th\u00e2n b\u1ed1n c\u00f5i tr\u00f4ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ta! V\u00e0 b\u00e0i v\u00e8 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i b\u1ea5t t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng; r\u1ea5t d\u00e2n gian: Quan \u0110\u00ecnh gi\u1eef ti\u1ebft c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e3y c\u00f2n h\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecfa t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i l\u00e2u B\u00ecnh T\u00e2y ai d\u1ef1ng c\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u H\u1ed3ng Lam danh ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 sau c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e8 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7: Trang 285","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u D\u1eb7n con d\u1eb7n ch\u00e1u m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u V\u00e8 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1edbi hay! Ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c cho nhi\u1ec1u! \u0110i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 n\u00e0y \u00edt g\u1eb7p trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i v\u00e8 kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Phan l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c, s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n vinh l\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Sau b\u00e0i V\u00e8 Quan \u0110\u00ecnh, v\u00f9ng Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh c\u00f2n l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i v\u00e8 kh\u00e1c, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n minh h\u1ecda cho \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fac kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi. X\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f5 kh\u00ed tr\u00ean n\u00fai V\u1ee5 Quang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u ch\u1eb3ng r\u00e8n g\u01b0\u01a1m gi\u00e1o, v\u00f3t cung t\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng m\u1edbi d\u00e1m \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang theo k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng v\u1eeba c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t minh, v\u1eeba c\u1ee7a hi sinh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Trung L\u01b0\u01a1ng, V\u00e2n Ch\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi v\u1ec1 S\u01a1n tr\u1ea1i, b\u00ed m\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u00e0o \u1ea1t: Nay v\u00e2ng l\u1ec7nh quan Phan L\u00ean r\u1eebng ta \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang Nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7 r\u00e8n, \u1ed1ng d\u00f3ng Nh\u1eefng m\u00e2m thau n\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u00e0y cu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng t\u1eadp trung Than r\u1eebng th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3! C\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ea5p n\u1eadp, r\u1eebng r\u1ef1c kh\u00ed th\u1ebf \u0111ua tranh. \u201cX\u01b0\u1edfng trong cho ch\u00ed tr\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i, th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eddi h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng\u201d... Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra: vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 m\u00e3n: S\u00fang ta ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eeba xong \u0110em ra m\u00e0 b\u1eafn n\u1ee9c l\u00f2ng l\u1eafm thay B\u1eafn cho ti\u1ec7t gi\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y C\u1eady nhi\u1ec1u s\u00fang \u1ed1ng phen n\u00e0y h\u1ebft khoe. Ti\u1ebfp theo v\u00e8, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd phong ph\u00fa nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng giai tho\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea1i chung quanh cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n k\u1ec3 cho nhau nghe nh\u1eefng \u201cm\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec7n quan \u0110\u00ecnh\u201d. N\u00e0o l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft Trang 286","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u trong v\u1ee5 ph\u1ebf l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 hai \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhau trong nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u201ct\u01b0\u1edbng hu\u1ea5n\u201d c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng treo ngay n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i: Li\u00eam b\u00ecnh kh\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edbng hu\u1ea5n). N\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u01b0u tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 \u0110inh Nho Quang, vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00e1i k\u1ebf \u201cSa nang \u00fang th\u1ee7y\u201d c\u1ee7a H\u00e0n T\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p. Giai tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o hai nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Cao Th\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9i Quy\u00ean, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang. Chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u00f4ng L\u0129nh (nh\u01b0 L\u0129nh Chanh), c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed9i (nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ed9i V\u0103n) tung ho\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba, bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, thay h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c v.v... lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u, th\u00eam b\u1edbt theo s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ec3. L\u1ea1i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. Chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh nh\u01b0 L\u00ea Ninh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 (l\u00e0ng Trung L\u1ec5, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd); c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sau khi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 Ng\u00f4 Qu\u1ea3ng (\u1edf Nghi th\u1ee9, Nghi Xu\u00e2n)v.v.. D\u00e2n gian c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ecb em trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn nay ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eafc v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 T\u1eddi, b\u00e0 v\u1ee3 l\u1ebd \u0110\u1ed9i Quy\u00ean, c\u00f3 c\u00e1i bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0u Y N\u1eef, nhi\u1ec1u phen l\u00e0m cho b\u1ecdn T\u00e2y t\u00e1ng \u0111\u1edfm kinh h\u1ed3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 T\u00e1m, c\u00f4 h\u00e0ng than \u1edf b\u1ebfn ch\u1ee3 Tr\u00e0ng, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u00f2 tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u: \u0110i \u0111\u00e2u l\u1eadt \u0111\u1eadt h\u1ee1i ai M\u0169i t\u00ean h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y theo M\u00eanh m\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ch\u00e8o Giang san g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng v\u1eabn \u0111eo b\u00ean m\u00ecnh. *** Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ghi nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta \u0111i t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. C\u1ea3 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00f4n vinh \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a \u1edf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed gi\u1eefa t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u00fd tr\u00ed. N\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Trang 287","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 v\u0103n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. ___________________________________ 1. V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Kh\u00e1nh. Ph\u00f3 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, Vi\u1ec7n V\u0103n ho\u00e1 d\u00e2n gian, Vi\u1ec7n KHXH Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 2. Tham lu\u1eadn H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 100 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y m\u1ea5t Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, ng\u00e0y 28-12-1995. H\u00c0 QU\u1ea2NG (1) PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG: M\u1ed8T T\u1ea4M L\u00d2NG TH\u01a0 B\u1ee4I CH\u1eb2NG M\u1edc\u2026 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. C\u1ee5 sinh n\u0103m 1847, \u1edf l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i, huy\u1ec7n La S\u01a1n, t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh (nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 T\u00f9ng \u1ea2nh, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh), trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh nho h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Th\u00e2n sinh l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Tuy\u1ec3n, hai anh Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadt c\u00f9ng em l\u00e0 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa b\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng trong v\u00f9ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1eadu Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean, l\u00e0m quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed; n\u0103m 1883 khi x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ebf vua D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c, \u00f4ng can gi\u00e1n, b\u1ecb b\u1eaft giam 12 ng\u00e0y trong ng\u1ee5c r\u1ed3i b\u00e3i ch\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng. N\u0103m 1885, khi vua H\u00e0m Nghi ra S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng H\u00e0 T\u0129nh ban Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua phong ch\u1ee9c T\u00e1n l\u00fd qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 tr\u00f4ng coi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh. N\u0103m 1888 v\u00ec n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n, vua H\u00e0m Nghi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, phong tr\u00e0o s\u00fat k\u00e9m d\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n doanh \u1edf V\u1ee5 Quang \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 huy phong tr\u00e0o. N\u0103m 1893 \u00f4ng ch\u00e9m \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ean ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Quang Ng\u1ecdc (k\u1ebb ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft vua H\u00e0m Nghi), ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n thanh th\u1ebf t\u0103ng l\u00ean, \u0111\u00e1nh nhau v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn oanh li\u1ec7t. Su\u1ed1t m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u1eddi (1885- 1895), b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p m\u1ecdi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n gian kh\u1ed5, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y cho gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 d\u1eb9p t\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, quay sang th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ee5 d\u1ed7, mua chu\u1ed9c. T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i Trang 288","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ngon ng\u1ecdt d\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng c\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t, quy\u1ebft kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng. N\u0103m 1895, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e2ng l\u1ec7nh Ph\u00e1p sai Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 d\u00e3 man. Th\u00e1ng 11-1895 \u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea5t, phong tr\u00e0o t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tan r\u00e3. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i, cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Song, cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp s\u0129 phu phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Hu\u00e2n Nghi\u1ec7p (1829-1864), Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00f4ng (1827-1884), Nguy\u1ec5n Cao (1828-1887), Nguy\u1ec5n Quang B\u00edch (1832- 1890)... c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i! Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e0i n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1. C\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i (\u0110i\u1ebfu L\u00ea Ninh, Kh\u1ed1c Cao Th\u1eafng) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1ng th\u01a1 v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng m\u00e3i v\u1ec1 sau (\u0110\u00e1p h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n k\u00fd thi, Th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn h\u1eadu c\u1ea3m t\u00e1c, Ki\u1ebfn ng\u1ee5y binh thi c\u1ea3m t\u00e1c, Ph\u00fac \u0111\u00e1p Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i, Th\u01b0 tuy\u1ec7t m\u1ec7nh...). *** Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u0129 phu kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng mong l\u1eadp th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y th\u01a1 v\u0103n d\u1ed1c b\u1ea7u t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng khi t\u1ee9c c\u1ea3nh, ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0y t\u1ecf t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n. Th\u01a1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng, l\u00e0 ch\u00ed kh\u00ed, b\u1edfi v\u1eady, n\u00f3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt v\u00e0 mang \u0111\u1eadm t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Th\u01a1 c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u, trong 10 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, sau nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t nguy, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1i v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, C\u1ee5 t\u1ee9c c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i v\u1ea7n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i; tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf s\u1ef1 bao th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00f3 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1edb b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi? Th\u01a1 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng l\u00f2ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 ta th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 mang t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh, ch\u00ed kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 s\u0129 phu th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng lo l\u1eafng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c, th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi d\u00e2n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1887, khi tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra B\u1eafc t\u00ecm b\u1ea1n \u201c\u1ee9ng ngh\u0129a v\u0103n th\u00e2n\u201d d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An, t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 lo l\u1eafng nh\u01b0ng h\u01b0ng ph\u1ea5n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t T\u00f4 B\u00e1 Ng\u1ecdc: Trang 289","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u \u2026 Ba canh kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 l\u00f2ng lo gi\u1eadn, Mu\u00f4n d\u1eb7m xa nh\u00e0 ch\u00f4n ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i. M\u00e1u gi\u1eb7c h\u1eb9n ng\u00e0y ho\u00e0 v\u1edbi r\u01b0\u1ee3u, Kh\u00fac ca chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng t\u1ea5u vua hay. (L\u00ea Th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecbch) (2) V\u1ec1 sau tr\u00ean ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea7y cam go, bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea1m b\u1eaby gi\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i kh\u1eafp ch\u1ed1n, t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng trung ngh\u0129a th\u00ec b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng con m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn. \u00c2u lo, b\u00f9i ng\u00f9i v\u00ec qu\u1ed1c s\u1ef1, gi\u1eefa ng\u00e0y xu\u00e2n m\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u201cT\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi vui v\u1ebb c\u1ea3 \/ Ri\u00eang ta g\u1eb7p t\u1ebft v\u1eabn b\u00f9i ng\u00f9i\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cNgo\u00e0i xu\u00e2n oanh n\u00f3i v\u1edbi hoa c\u01b0\u1eddi\/ Hoa b\u00e1o xu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 v\u1eabn v\u1eafng ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d. Trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 b\u00f9i ng\u00f9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0y vua H\u00e0m Nghi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft (1888), cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u00e0ng nguy kh\u00f3, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00ec m\u1ec7nh vua v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n, v\u00ec truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00e0 l\u00e3nh tr\u00e1ch cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1eddi v\u1eadn th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan qu\u00e1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch. ... N\u00fai Ng\u1ef1 tr\u0103m n\u0103m v\u1ea7ng nh\u1eadt chi\u1ebfu. Non H\u1ed3ng mu\u00f4n d\u1eb7m b\u00f3ng m\u00e2y tr\u1eddi. Nh\u00e0 ta v\u1ed1n d\u1ea1y ni\u1ec1m trung hi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng l\u00f2ng o\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u00f4i (M\u1eadu T\u00fd nguy\u00ean nh\u1eadt, 1888, Chu Thi\u00ean d\u1ecbch) Ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 sau trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Tuy\u1ec7t m\u1ec7nh (1885), t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 n\u00e0y b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc: Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e0ng cao c\u00e0ng n\u1eb7ng g\u00e1nh, T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4n ri\u00eang th\u1eb9n m\u1eb7t anh h\u00f9ng. (Tr\u1ea7n Huy Li\u1ec7u d\u1ecbch) \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y ta g\u1eb7p \u1edf Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 Nho kh\u00e1c \u201cV\u1eabn bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ee1 r\u1ed3i. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u01a1i s\u1ef1 th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u00f4i\u201d. Trang 290","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, C\u1ee5 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1i t\u1ee9c c\u1ea3nh vui c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn chung t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5 l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n lo b\u00f9i ng\u00f9i. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 bao s\u0129 phu kh\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1eef D\u0168NG L\u01af\u1ee2C c\u00f3 th\u1eeba nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eef L\u1ea0C QUAN th\u00ec thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng! Nguy\u1ec5n Quang B\u00edch, m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u1edf x\u1ee9 B\u1eafc sinh th\u1eddi ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng chua x\u00f3t ng\u00e2m ng\u1ee3i m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u th\u01a1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a: Chung r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u01b0\u1eddi vui kh\u00ec c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng\/ Mai \u0111\u00e2y th\u00e1c xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 ai r\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e9n say l\u00ean m\u1ed3 m\u00ecnh! T\u1ef1 h\u00e0o truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh... Hi\u1ebfu trung l\u00e0 n\u1ebfp nh\u00e0 ta \/... Ba \u0111\u1eddi khanh t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0 ta... Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfu trung, \u01a1n vua l\u1ed9c n\u01b0\u1edbc bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn! C\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u01a1 nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i t\u1eebng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi, th\u1ebf, l\u1ef1c (3) \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1eafng thi\u1ebfu: th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ee1, th\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f4i, l\u1ef1c mong manh! *** M\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n v\u0103n trong th\u01a1 c\u1ee5 Phan m\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3m v\u1edbi b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n, v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n. C\u1ee5 th\u1eadt ch\u00e2n t\u00ecnh, khi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi h\u1ecd T\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea5t Y\u00ean Th\u00e0nh, gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00e0 C\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra B\u1eafc: Th\u00e1ng Hai xu\u00e2n \u0110inh H\u1ee3i Nh\u00e2n gh\u00e9 \u0110\u00f4ng Y\u00ean th\u00f4n Nghe c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 T\u00f4 Th\u1ecb Trung h\u1eadu n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3n. Bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edbi g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 N\u00f3i n\u0103ng v\u00e9 \u00f4n t\u1ed3n N\u1ebfp nh\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng hi\u1ebfu h\u1eefu. Anh em v\u1eb9n lu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n qu\u00fd \u201cThi kh\u00e1ch\u201d Quanh chi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec1n. C\u00f9ng lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n kim c\u1ed5 X\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1 d\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7y ph\u00ean Qu\u00fd thay \u00f4ng B\u00e1 Ng\u1ecdc Trang 291","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Nh\u1edd ph\u00fac tr\u1ea1ch gia ti\u00ean H\u00e3y g\u1eafng l\u00ean! G\u1eafng l\u00ean! L\u00e0m thi\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00fac b\u1ec1n (4). C\u00e1i t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2n ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed3ng th\u1eafm gi\u00fap ta hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n tr\u0103m b\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u01a1n th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nanh vu\u1ed1t qu\u00e2n th\u00f9. Trong \u201cTh\u01b0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i\u201d \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5: \u201c\u2026 T\u1eeb l\u00fac t\u00f4i kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebfn nay, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u1eddi, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111em th\u00e2n theo vi\u1ec7c ngh\u0129a, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb tr\u00e1ch ph\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb ch\u00e9m gi\u1ebft, v\u1eady m\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ea5y th\u1ebf l\u00e0m ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n bao gi\u1edd, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ra t\u00e0i \u0111ua s\u00fac gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u00f4i, v\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea1nh b\u1ea1o ra gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u00f4i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e3i. N\u00e0o c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u tai v\u1ea1 l\u00e0m sung s\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e8m thu\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 b\u1ecf nh\u00e0 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n theo t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2u. Ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec h\u1ecd tin c\u1eady l\u00f2ng t\u00f4i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e9t ch\u00ed t\u00f4i, cho n\u00ean h\u0103m h\u1edf v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3. \u1ea4y l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb t\u00f4i, li\u1ec7u c\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 b\u1ecf \u0111i cho \u0111\u00e0nh hay kh\u00f4ng?\u201d Ngay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb l\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1c l\u1ed1i v\u00ec mi\u1ebfng c\u01a1m manh \u00e1o ho\u1eb7c v\u00ec m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng \u0111i l\u00e0m bia s\u00fang cho gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p C\u1ee5 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng... t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n \u00e1i c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m ho\u00e1 bi\u1ebft bao ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0110\u00e0o Trinh Nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 C\u1ee5: \u201c\u2026 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ng\u1ee5y v\u1eadn. C\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n: \u201cH\u1ec5 khi giao chi\u1ebfn v\u1ea1n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc d\u0129 h\u00e3y b\u1eafn gi\u1ebft l\u00ednh t\u1eadp, b\u1edfi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 anh em \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh...\u201d (Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng - Nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o 10 n\u0103m ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh (1886-1895)). V\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 Cao Th\u1eafng, Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ea1ch, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Cam, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ee5c v.v... v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua bao gian tru\u00e2n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p. ___________________________________ 1. H\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng: Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u01b0u t\u00fa. Trang 292","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u 2. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 H\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00ean xin thay b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 L\u00ea Th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. BT. 3. Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i. Th\u01b0 l\u1ea1i d\u1ee5 V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00f4ng. 4. Theo Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Hi\u1ec1n, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n h\u00f3a Ngh\u1ec7 An, s\u1ed1 12-2005. *** Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, trong 10 n\u0103m n\u1eb1m gai n\u1ebfm m\u1eadt ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n s\u1ee9c v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1i g\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ea3 th\u00e2n th\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu th\u1eadt ng\u1eddi s\u00e1ng. Ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m ki\u00ean trinh v\u00ec l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5 s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i c\u00f9ng s\u1eed s\u00e1ch. Trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u201cTr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 V\u00f5 Khoa\u201d khi vi\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y g\u1eedi C\u1ee5 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 xa ng\u00e1i khuy\u00ean b\u00e3i binh, C\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: B\u00e1ch ni\u00ean t\u1ed3n x\u00e3 d\u01b0 ho\u00e0i nhi\u1ec7t \/ Nh\u1ea5t phi\u1ebfn c\u00f4 trung t\u1eb7c \u0111\u1edfm h\u00e0n! (Tr\u0103m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee5c s\u00f4i. M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u00f4 trung l\u00e0m gi\u1eb7c khi\u1ebfp h\u1ed3n!). C\u00e2u th\u01a1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 kh\u1eafc v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1 n\u00fai! M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed3ng sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng l\u00fac v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nguy nan, nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, C\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea5u ni\u1ec1m vui sung s\u01b0\u1edbng, nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 m\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ho\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ng\u1ea7m b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 tin y\u00eau \u1edf chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ph\u00e1i qu\u00e2n \u0111i c\u00e1c n\u01a1i, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u00edt l\u00ednh c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec7, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00fat nh\u01b0ng tu\u1ef3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ee5c xin \u0111\u00e1nh. Nh\u1edd th\u1ebf n\u00fai hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 d\u00f9ng nghi binh quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh lui qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c. C\u1ee5 cho m\u1edf ti\u1ec7c m\u1eebng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i th\u01a1 M\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng: V\u1eeba ph\u00e1i qu\u00e2n \u0111i gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i L\u00f2ng ta lui t\u1edbi lu\u1ed1ng b\u1ed3i h\u1ed3i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi xin quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 Ch\u1edbp m\u1eaft m\u00e0 ra \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng r\u1ed3i. Ch\u00f3t v\u00f3t non cao n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u Qu\u1ef7 th\u1ea7n \u00e2u c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ng\u1ea7m nh\u00e0u Kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0ng b\u00ean \u00edt b\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf M\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u khe \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y sao? Trang 293","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Tuy trong th\u1eb3m s\u00e2u l\u00f2ng C\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec mi\u1ebfng c\u01a1m manh \u00e1o ho\u1eb7c v\u00ec b\u1ecb c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111i l\u00ednh t\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng binh l\u1eeda, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb h\u00e1m danh l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 l\u00e0m tay sai cho gi\u1eb7c, c\u1ee5 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 khinh b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh cho ch\u00fang:... Ch\u1eb3ng qua danh l\u1ee3i bu\u1ed9c th\u00e2n m\u00e0y \/ \u0110\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i b\u00ean khe ch\u1ebft b\u1ecf th\u00e2y \/ Tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 ai \u01a1i n\u00ean s\u1edbm li\u1ec7u \/ Ch\u1ebft r\u1ed3i c\u00f3 h\u1ed1i c\u0169ng ra ch\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 hy sinh v\u00ec ngh\u0129a l\u1edbn, c\u1ee5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Cao Th\u1eafng hy sinh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i tang l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho C\u1ee5 m\u00e0 cho c\u1ea3 phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3c than \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0103n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y khi nghe tin vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u1ebb, c\u00e1nh tay ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh hy sinh. M\u1ea5y c\u00e2u li\u1ec5n vi\u1ebfng Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u1ee5: H\u1eefu ch\u00ed ph\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh, anh h\u00f9ng d\u0129 h\u0129; Vi ti\u1ec7p ti\u00ean t\u1eed, thi\u00ean \u00fd v\u1ecb h\u00e0 * C\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u t\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh, k\u00edch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ec7 ng\u00f4n thanh qu\u1ed1c t\u1eb7c; S\u1ef1 nan d\u1ef1 li\u1ec7u, c\u1ee9 y\u00ean kim d\u0129 thi\u1ec3u t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n. D\u1ecbch: C\u00f3 ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, anh h\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t; Ch\u01b0a th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, \u00fd tr\u1eddi ra sao? * C\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u1eadp n\u00ean, g\u00f5 m\u00e1i n\u1eb7ng th\u1ec1 tr\u1eeb gi\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc; Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4n t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00ean y\u00ean nay th\u1ea5y v\u1eafng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y1. Th\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 sau c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 hay nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u d\u01b0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea5t trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi. B\u00e0i th\u01a1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi t\u1ef1 b\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edbng, m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n v\u00ec ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh nh\u00e0 vua giao ph\u00f3 \u201cV\u0169 l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng\u201d, x\u00f3t xa v\u00ec ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u201cB\u1ed1n b\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eeda n\u1ed3ng\u201d! C\u1ea3nh tang t\u00f3c b\u1ea5n lo\u1ea1n \u0111ang tr\u00f9m l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u201cD\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3i k\u00eau tr\u1eddi tan t\u00e1c nh\u1ea1n, Qu\u00e2n gian ch\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9n r\u00e0ng ong\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i khi s\u1ef1 Trang 294","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n dang d\u1edf \u201cTr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e0ng cao c\u00e0ng n\u1eb7ng g\u00e1nh, T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4n ri\u00eang th\u1eb9n v\u1edbi anh h\u00f9ng\u201d. M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 th\u1eadt c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd l\u00ean kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p tinh th\u1ea7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ebf t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp s\u0129 phu \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee9u d\u00e2n, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng m\u1edbi - nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed giao ph\u00f3. *** B\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed1i quen thu\u1ed9c, c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i t\u00ecnh th\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u1ed7i \u0111au nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf bao tr\u00f9m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u00e1ng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng gian, th\u1eddi gian c\u00f9ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn anh h\u00f9ng v\u00e0 gian kh\u1ed5, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt th\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u01a1, ph\u00eda n\u00e0y hay ph\u00eda kia c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 Phan v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n th\u01a1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u1ee5 Phan v\u1edbi Tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 V\u00f5 Khoa..., v\u1edbi \u00f4ng B\u1ea1ch X\u1ec9, v\u1edbi Qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i, v\u1edbi C\u1eed nh\u00e2n T\u00f4 B\u00e1 Ng\u1ecdc... M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 Phan. Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee5 d\u1ed7: \u201c\u2026 T\u1eeb l\u00fac ng\u00e0i kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebfn nay ngh\u0129a kh\u00ed trung can \u0111\u1ec1u r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t \u1edf tai m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe c\u00e1c quan Ph\u00e1p n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0i, \u00f4ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng t\u1ecf v\u1ebb th\u1edf than khen ng\u1ee3i v\u00e0 qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0i l\u1eafm\u201d. (Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i) Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u00e2n: Ngh\u0129a li\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n vang b\u1ed1n c\u00f5i Xin theo b\u00ean ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ee1 d\u00e2y c\u01b0\u01a1ng. (B\u1ea1ch X\u1ec9) Trang 295","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c th\u1eadt l\u00f2ng: \u2026 Can tr\u00e0ng s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 g\u1eedi n\u01a1i tro t\u00e0n. Kh\u00ed thi\u00eang tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u00e0 san Kh\u00f3c d\u00e2ng ch\u00e9n r\u01b0\u1ee3u r\u1eeda h\u1ed3n Ch\u00e2u Phong (T\u00f4 B\u00e1 Ng\u1ecdc) Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n Ng\u00f4n, nh\u00e0 ch\u00ed s\u0129 \u0111\u1eddi sau, khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 tr\u1eadn ph\u1ee5c binh \u201cSa nang \u00fang th\u1ee7y\u201d \u1edf V\u1ee5 Quang: Gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1nh s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 bu\u1ed5i r\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4ng Ba qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c s\u1eb5n \u1edf b\u00ean s\u00f4ng Chi\u00eang khua m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng qu\u00e2n reo d\u1eady \u0110\u00ea ph\u00e1 tr\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y tung... Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng cho v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p \u201cx\u1ea3 th\u00e2n th\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a. C\u1ee5 m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfng th\u01a1m cho \u0111\u1eddi. L\u1eddi V\u00f5 Ph\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea5y khi thay m\u1eb7t Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng kh\u00f3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng Cao Th\u1eafng, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i thay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng Lam ti\u1ebfc th\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ee5: Non Thi\u00ean Nh\u1eabn ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1 h\u01a1i gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i, th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ngh\u0129a ng\u1eadm ng\u00f9i thay, N\u01b0\u1edbc Tam Soa th\u1ea5p tho\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng tr\u0103ng soi, nh\u1edb k\u1ebb trung trinh ngao ng\u00e1n nh\u1ebd! C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u0129 phu n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y sao s\u00e1ng trong b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng v\u00ec sao r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 bay l\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t H\u1ed3ng Lam gi\u00e0u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2006 (Theo T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed H\u1ed3ng L\u0129nh, s\u1ed1 37, th\u00e1ng 4-2007) Trang 296","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u NINH VI\u1ebeT GIAO (1). \u201cC\u00d4 TRUNG M\u1ed8T M\u1ea2NH GI\u1eb6C KINH H\u1ed2N\u201d (2) (V\u00c0I N\u00c9T V\u1ec0 TH\u01a0 V\u0102N PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG) Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0m th\u01a1 l\u00e0m v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u, hay n\u00f3i cho ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, th\u01a1 v\u0103n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u. Song \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u01a1 v\u0103n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u mang n\u1ed9i dung y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u01a1 v\u0103n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng: y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh, kh\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1i, mang t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201cti\u00ean thi\u00ean\u201d, chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u201cx\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u0129a ti\u00ean thanh ph\u00f9 x\u00e3 t\u1eafc\u201d v\u00e0o l\u00fac th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm xong n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd hai H\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25-8-1883 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 6-6-1884 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u1edf B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Trung K\u1ef3. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 1858 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m trong tay gi\u1eb7c. T\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh, \u201cc\u00e1c quan \u0111\u00e3 m\u00e3i tr\u1ee9ng g\u00e0, \u0111em xu\u1ed1ng c\u1eeda H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n T\u00e2y\u201d. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t. Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. Ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p th\u01b0a d\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m l\u00fd bi quan, hoang mang, th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng trong to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ta, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp s\u0129 phu v\u00e0 quan l\u1ea1i y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ea5y tr\u0103m n\u0103m qua, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y qu\u00e2n Minh b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc (qu\u00e2n Thanh ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c), \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00e1 xa l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb th\u00f9 t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, m\u1ecbt m\u00f9 c\u00e1ch tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, v\u1ec1 sinh ho\u1ea1t, v\u1ec1 \u0103n m\u1eb7c, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef,... \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e8 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00ean t\u00e2m l\u00fd bi quan, th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng tr\u00ean c\u00f3 g\u00ec nh\u01b0 s\u1eefng s\u1edd, th\u1ea3ng th\u1ed1t. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 ghi t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 C\u1ea3m t\u00e1c l\u00e0m n\u0103m H\u00e0m Nghi Nguy\u00ean ni\u00ean (1885). M\u1eaft ng\u00f3 kinh th\u00e0nh ru\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i b\u1eddi, \u0110au l\u00f2ng vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7 tu\u00f4n r\u01a1i... Trung th\u1ea7n ngh\u0129a s\u0129 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2u t\u00e1? \u0110\u1eafm \u0111\u1eafm non B\u00ecnh ngh\u0129 ch\u1eb3ng ngu\u00f4i. Trang 297","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u (Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n) Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng qu\u1eb7n l\u00f2ng \u0111au x\u00f3t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3nh non s\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 thay th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7: \u201cTh\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c s\u01a1n h\u00e0 phi c\u1ef1u ch\u1ee7, v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u1ea1ch d\u0129 t\u00e2n nhan\u201d. Song \u201cgia b\u1ea7n tri t\u1eed hi\u1ebfu, qu\u1ed1c lo\u1ea1n th\u1ee9c t\u00f4i trung\u201d. T\u00f4i trung \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 trung v\u1edbi vua \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0ng gi\u1eb7c, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 trung v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, trung v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. Th\u01a1 v\u0103n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i dung y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ecdn phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. \u201cTh\u01b0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i\u201d v\u1eeba l\u00e0 b\u00fat chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t gian b\u00e1n n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5. Mang t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e3nh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c: C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c l\u00f2ng ta s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng lu\u00f4n, C\u00f4 trung m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh gi\u1eb7c kinh h\u1ed3n. L\u00ea Th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecbch Tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebb th\u00f9 h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 t\u00e0u to s\u00fang l\u1edbn, C\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Coi th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebb th\u00f9, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean k\u1ebb th\u00f9, c\u0169ng trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tr\u00ean C\u1ee5 vi\u1ebft hai c\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i: Nh\u1eafn l\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hay ch\u0103ng t\u00e1, S\u1edf v\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00fai n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u! \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed ph\u00e1ch h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a s\u0129 phu Hoan Di\u1ec5n. Hu\u1ed1ng chi Phan c\u00f2n coi l\u00f2ng trung ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh to l\u1edbn. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i run s\u1ee3: Nh\u1ea5t phi\u1ebfn c\u00f4 trung t\u1eb7c \u0111\u1edfm h\u00e0n. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm trong n\u1ed9i dung th\u01a1 v\u0103n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. \u0110i\u1ec1u hi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Phan th\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3m m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: Trang 298","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u M\u00e1u gi\u1eb7c h\u1eb9n ng\u00e0y h\u00f2a v\u1edbi r\u01b0\u1ee3u, Kh\u00fac ca chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng t\u1ea5u vua hay. T\u00e1i b\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean v\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n T\u00f4 Ni\u1ec1m tin n\u00e0y t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng trong b\u00e0i Th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn h\u1eadu c\u1ea3m t\u00e1c: V\u1eeba ph\u00e1i qu\u00e2n \u0111i, gi\u1eb7c k\u00e9o v\u00e0o, L\u00f2ng ta ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft t\u00ednh n\u00ean sao. Quy\u1ebft xin ra \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn tin v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3 ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e2u. Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1eefu D\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch B\u00e0i th\u01a1 tr\u00e0n tr\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn, bi\u1ebft tin v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a, v\u00e0o ngh\u0129a binh, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f9ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1edd ph\u00fat ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. Quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, tin v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, suy ngh\u0129 k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng kim chi th\u1ebf x\u1ea3 ng\u00e3 k\u1ef3 th\u00f9y\u201d nh\u01b0ng \u201c C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb nh\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng gia h\u00ecnh\u201d. M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i qua, th\u1eafng c\u00f3 b\u1ea1i c\u00f3, l\u00fac ra B\u1eafc, l\u00fac mong ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed, l\u00fac lo c\u01a1 m\u01b0u trong tr\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c,... \u201cc\u00f4 th\u1ea7n m\u01b0u qu\u1ed1c phong s\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e3o\u201d, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng mu\u1ed1n \u0111em to\u00e0n t\u00e2m to\u00e0n s\u1ee9c ra c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt giang s\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 Cao Th\u1eafng, Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eed tr\u1eadn, th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n y\u1ebfu d\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00fac Phan t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m: \u201cCh\u00e9m r\u1eafn gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u01b0\u01a1m tu\u1ed1t ch\u1eadm, \u0111u\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u01a1u \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ed9i gi\u00e1o khua sai\u201d. Gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p d\u1ed1c to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u0103n c\u1ee9, ch\u00fang ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi th\u1ebf kh\u00f3 xoay, Phan b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 n\u1ed7i ni\u1ec1m: Vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n v\u00e2ng m\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea3i m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4ng, Chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nay c\u00f2n t\u00ednh ch\u1eeda xong. D\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3i k\u00eau tr\u1eddi tan \u1ed5 nh\u1ea1n, Qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 ch\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5t d\u1eady \u0111\u00e0n ong. Ch\u00edn tr\u00f9ng th\u00e1nh ch\u00faa n\u01a1i qu\u00ea l\u1ea1, B\u1ed1n b\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ch\u1ed1n l\u1eeda n\u1ed3ng. Tr\u00e1ch v\u1ecdng c\u00e0ng cao, lo l\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4n nh\u1eefng th\u1eb9n v\u1edbi anh h\u00f9ng. L\u00ea Th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecbch Trang 299"]