Phan Đình Phùng – Cuộc đời và sự nghiệp (Chương Thâu)

["Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u nhu tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba. Nghe sung b\u1eafn ph\u00eda sau \u0111\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3i l\u1eeda b\u1ed1c l\u00ean nghi ng\u00fat, qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u1ee9u vi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t ch\u1eb9n \u0111\u00e1nh. Th\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n nhu m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft, bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 duy tr\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh cho kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 bao v\u00e2y, vi\u00ean m\u1eabu binh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n s\u0129 lui v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u1ea3 d\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi l\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau b\u1eafn l\u1ea1i. \u201cTh\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 n\u00fang th\u1ebf, \u00f4ng Ch\u01b0\u1edfng Cao b\u00e8n ra l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n s\u0129 quay v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda h\u1eefu d\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111ang r\u00fat lui r\u1ea5t g\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat lui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xa, qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 l\u1ea1i lui v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p s\u1ee9c v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Can th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec. \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb khi s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 5 gi\u1edd chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec c\u1ea3, nay l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n hai th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sao \u0111\u1ecbch n\u1ed5i. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i nghe nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ph\u00eda sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba x\u00f4n xao b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nhau r\u1eb1ng: \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t c\u1ea3 r\u1ed3i, l\u00fac \u1ea5y h\u1ed3n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n ch\u00fat n\u00e0o, b\u00e8n r\u00fat lui m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1. Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ch\u01b0\u1edfng Cao \u0111\u00e3 cho v\u00e0i ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng \u1edf sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch, phao ra nh\u1eefng tin b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch khi\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai r\u00fat lui l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. \u201c\u0110o\u1ea1n r\u1ed3i qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, c\u00f2n qu\u00e2n Can th\u1ee9 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p s\u1ee9c v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ba. \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u1ea5y t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb 7 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 7 gi\u1edd t\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ec7t nh\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ed3i, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb hai \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng, v\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m r\u1ed3i, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t, h\u1ecd v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng lui qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh m\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u1ea5y r\u00fat lui theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 v\u00e0 trong khi tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i t\u0103m cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i g\u00ec m\u1ea5y. \u201cK\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c tr\u1eadn \u1ea5y, qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft m\u1ea5t 10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f2n qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 th\u00ec ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5t 50 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1n kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y tuy kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec m\u1ea5y, song \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf cho c\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 qu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i \u1ea4t D\u1eadu. Sau tr\u1eadn \u1ea5y r\u1ed3i, qu\u00e2n ba th\u1ee9 l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ba n\u01a1i, c\u00f2n t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea1i dinh c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 V\u1ee5 Quang thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea b\u00e2y gi\u1edd\u201d. S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u201cC\u00e1c quan th\u00e2n b\u00e8n l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 t\u00f4n c\u1ee5 Phan l\u00ean l\u00e0m minh ch\u1ee7; v\u00e0 C\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 Trang 350","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u xin gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c c\u0169 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00e0m Nghi phong cho C\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea: Ph\u1ea5n trung t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n, l\u0129nh Binh b\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0, ki\u00eam Nam - B\u1eafc B\u00ecnh di Qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n. C\u1ee5 b\u00e8n nhi\u1ebfp phong cho \u00f4ng Cao T\u1ea5t Th\u1eafng l\u00e0m Ch\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ed5ng su\u1ea5t H\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5, \u00f4ng Cao \u0110\u1ea1t l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c, \u00f4ng Cao T\u1ea5t Qu\u00fd l\u00e0m Ch\u00e1nh L\u00e3nh binh, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng (t\u1ee9c Tr\u1ea1ch) l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed5ng su\u1ea5t Can th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh l\u00e0m Ch\u00e1nh L\u00e3nh binh, con \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Hoan l\u00e0m T\u00e1c vi Ph\u00f3 L\u00e3nh binh, \u00f4ng L\u00ea Tr\u1ef1c l\u00e0m Th\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed5ng su\u1ea5t L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9, \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n C\u1ea5p l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 L\u00e3nh binh, \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n C\u00e1t l\u00e0m T\u00e1c vi Ph\u00f3 L\u00e3nh binh, \u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Thu\u1eadn l\u00e0m Th\u1ea1ch th\u1ee9 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 (\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Ng\u1ee5y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0). V\u00e0 t\u1eeb Hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3n, su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia phong c\u1ea3\u201d. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1edbn \u1edf V\u1ee5 Quang [n\u0103m 1892?] N\u0103m Th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 [1892], ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111em \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n l\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1ee5 Phan. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb L\u00e0o k\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u1edf ph\u00eda sau V\u1ee5 Quang, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea l\u00ean. Hai \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u1ea5y \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9 3000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 300 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9. H\u1ecd ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, mang theo l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 \u00fd mu\u1ed1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t. \u201cBi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, c\u1ee5 Phan b\u00e8n m\u1edf m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u qu\u00e2n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i dinh. K\u1ef3 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n c\u00e1ch nghinh \u0111\u1ecbch hay r\u00fat qu\u00e2n l\u00ean Ai Lao. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u00f4ng Cao T\u1ea5t Th\u1eafng xin quy\u1ebft \u1edf l\u1ea1i nghinh \u0111\u1ecbch, \u00f4ng b\u00e8n hi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u1ee5 Phan nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c\u0110\u1eafp ngang s\u00f4ng V\u1ee5 Quang th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eadp l\u1edbn, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean cao, r\u1ed3i ch\u1eb7t g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 n\u1ee9a m\u1ee9t nh\u1ecdn [v\u00f3t nh\u1ecdn] m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u1ea3 l\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eadp r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n c\u1eady. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea1n, l\u00f2i [l\u1ed9] d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng ra kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i khe c\u1ea1n. Hai b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng, c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i v\u00e0 lau l\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t to\u00e0n l\u00e0 b\u1eaby l\u00f2 ho (b\u1eaby ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u01a1n c\u01b0\u1edbc hay l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaby h\u01b0\u01a1u nai v\u00e0 heo r\u1eebng) v\u00e0 c\u1eafm thi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f4ng [ch\u00f4ng] theo hai b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ed9 4 kil\u00f4m\u00e9t; v\u00e0 m\u00ecnh mai ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed7i b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9 300 qu\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ee3i khi n\u00e0o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n th\u00ec kh\u1ec9 (kh\u1edfi) s\u00fang l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i. L\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eadp, th\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfn h\u1ebft v\u00e0o qu\u00e3ng s\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n th\u00ec ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1eadp cho n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ed1ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c \u0103n c\u01a1m. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ea5t \u00fd b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e0o Trang 351","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng, th\u1ee9 th\u00ec b\u1ecb tr\u00f4i, th\u1ee9 th\u00ec b\u1ecb m\u1ee9t [d\u1ea7u nh\u1ecdn] g\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e2m nh\u1eb1m [\u0111\u00e2m tr\u00fang], t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y l\u00ean hai b\u1edd s\u00f4ng, ch\u1ea1y l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec t\u1ea5t b\u1ecb b\u1eaby v\u00e0 d\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ta, l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd qu\u00e2n ta \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh, h\u1ecd t\u1ea5t b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t. C\u00f2n qu\u00e2n \u1edf L\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ta cho d\u0103m b\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n t\u00edn tr\u00e1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i r\u1eebng l\u00e0m n\u1ee9a l\u00e0m g\u1ed7 c\u00e1ch V\u1ee5 Quang \u0111\u1ed9 d\u0103m b\u1ea3y ch\u1ee5c c\u00e2y s\u1ed1, khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1eaft b\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i V\u1ee5 Quang, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 ba ng\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111em h\u1ecd \u0111i quanh \u0111i qu\u1ea9n cho \u0111\u1ebfn 6, 7 ng\u00e0y m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn; khi \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n V\u1ee5 Quang th\u00ec d\u1eabn h\u1ecd v\u00e0o n\u01a1i mai ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ta \u0111em to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ra ch\u1ed7 mai ph\u1ee5c, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i n\u1ed5i, t\u1ea5t c\u0169ng b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ta \u0111em m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111i \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf ph\u00eda sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ee3i khi qu\u00e2n h\u1ecd th\u00e1o v\u1ec1 th\u00ec \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n nhu. C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f4ng t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc ba ng\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u1edf L\u00e0o m\u1edbi xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i. M\u1ed9t khi di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n quay v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1eb7t sau. C\u1ee5 Phan cho r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7m, b\u00e8n \u1ee7y cho \u00f4ng Cao l\u00e0m Tr\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4 Ch\u1ec9 huy s\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7c nghinh \u0111\u1ecbch. \u201cC\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t xong \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3, qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng Cao d\u00e3 li\u1ec7u, qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 theo s\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean, b\u00ecnh l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1edf b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n. Thuy\u1ec1n l\u00ean h\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc [l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n n\u01b0\u1edbc] b\u00e8n \u0111\u1ed5 qu\u00e2n l\u00ean b\u1ed9, gi\u1eefa s\u00f4ng kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebft n\u1eafng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u1ee9 theo s\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean. Khi c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch V\u1ee5 Quang \u0111\u1ed9 20 ki-l\u00f4-m\u00e9t, tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea7n t\u00fai [t\u1ed1i], qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i n\u1ea5u \u0103n, ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e0y mai ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean V\u1ee5 Quang. \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng khi b\u1ea5t \u00fd, th\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e1c, n\u1ee9a g\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e2m xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ean b\u1eafn, qu\u00e2n s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp thu th\u1eadp h\u00e0nh l\u00fd, th\u1ee9 th\u00ec b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1n \u0111i, th\u1ee9 th\u00ec b\u1ecb n\u1ee9a g\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e2m nh\u1eb1m [tr\u00fang], th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf g\u1ea7n b\u1edd s\u00f4ng th\u00ec ch\u1ea1y l\u00ean n\u00fai, th\u1ee9 l\u00ean hai b\u1edd s\u00f4ng th\u00ec b\u1ecb d\u00f4ng [ch\u00f4ng] v\u00e0 b\u1eaby \u0111\u00e2m. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng khi r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y hai b\u00ean s\u00fang b\u1eafn nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a, qu\u00e2n s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1ed3n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1eefa, ch\u1ec9 theo hai b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng th\u00e1o lui. Khi th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y, s\u1ed1 l\u00ednh b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec d\u00f4ng b\u1eaby th\u00ec r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n 1500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f2n s\u1ed1 ch\u1ebft ph\u1ecfng ch\u1eebng 100 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, qu\u00e2n nhu, kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 b\u1ecb tr\u00f4i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. \u201c\u0110o\u1ea1n r\u1ed3i qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng quay l\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t sau, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u1eeba xong th\u00ec qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i mai ph\u1ee5c. Ch\u1ed7 \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec3m, hai b\u00ean n\u00fai d\u1ed1c, \u1edf Trang 352","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u gi\u1eefa c\u00f3 khe, qu\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 \u0111i leo b\u00ean m\u00e9p khe m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. C\u00f2n qu\u00e2n mai ph\u1ee5c th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3ng n\u1eeda ch\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai. Khi \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 \u1ea5y r\u1ed3i, th\u00ec qu\u00e2n mai ph\u1ee5c hai b\u00ean b\u1eafn nh\u00e0o xu\u1ed1ng, qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1eafn l\u1ea1i, song kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec h\u1ebft, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00f3p [m\u00e9p, b\u1edd] khe b\u1ecb c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i che khu\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y g\u00ec tr\u00ean n\u00fai, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1n tr\u00ean n\u00fai b\u1eafn xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a. \u201cVi\u00ean m\u1eabu binh th\u1ea5y tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m, b\u00e8n h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n lui ra \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp tr\u1eadn th\u1ebf m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c lui ra kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00ec b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i theo r\u1ea5t g\u1ea5p. Lui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac th\u00ec l\u1ea1i nghe ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang trong n\u00fai b\u1eafn ra, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao qu\u00e2n ta l\u1ea1i l\u1ecdt ra sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m d\u1eebng qu\u00e2n, c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1o lui. Lui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i nghe ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang trong n\u00fai b\u1eafn ra. Qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb9n h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e1o lui c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u1ed1 lui th\u00eam m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac n\u1eefa r\u1ed3i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i l\u1eadp tr\u1eadn tuy\u1ebfn xin qu\u00e2n c\u1ee9u vi\u1ec7n, ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch xa qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch. \u201cN\u00e0o ng\u1edd qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecdc nh\u00edp ba m\u1eb7t, ngay khi \u0111\u1ea1o \u1ea5y ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111em \u0111i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong queo nguy hi\u1ec3m, \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111u\u1ed5i theo th\u00ec m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf ph\u00eda sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f9 ngh\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc: khi lui \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u00e3i lau l\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3n l\u0169y ch\u1edd qu\u00e2n c\u1ee9u vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i tin t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc... Qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean, khi r\u00fat qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e2n B\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1eadp tr\u1eadn tuy\u1ebfn. B\u1ed7ng d\u01b0ng th\u1ea5y l\u1eeda b\u1ed1c l\u00ean nghi ng\u00fat, theo chi\u1ec1u gi\u00f3 l\u1eeda b\u00e9n theo lau l\u00e1ch, ch\u00e1y l\u00ean r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh, qu\u00e2n s\u0129 v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng ra ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y; k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang ba b\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n b\u00ean b\u1eafn l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 tr\u00fang k\u1ebf, ph\u1ea7n th\u00ec b\u1ecb l\u1eeda t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea7n th\u00ec b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta gi\u00e1p c\u00f4ng s\u1ea5p g\u1ea5p, m\u00e0 qu\u00e2n r\u00fat lui th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ecdc m\u1ec7t, t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1ea1y t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1. Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, tr\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t L\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ed3i, n\u00ean qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u1ed5i theo n\u1eefa. \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ec9 t\u1eed th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9 60 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 [th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n] kh\u00f4ng \u0111em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fat k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Cao Th\u1eafng hi sinh \u201cSang n\u0103m Qu\u00fd T\u1ef5 [1893], c\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf Trang 353","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u S\u01a1n..., t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An \u0111\u1ec3 cho r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u01a1i d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c do t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 cung c\u1ea5p. C\u1ee5 b\u00e8n sai \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u1eafng \u0111em m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh ki\u1ec7n binh \u0111\u1ed9 300 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n qu\u00e2n \u1edf h\u1ea1t Thanh Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00d4ng Th\u1eafng ra \u0111\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn oanh li\u1ec7t, qu\u00e2n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng may \u00f4ng Th\u1eafng b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c xuy\u00ean qua ph\u1ed5i. \u00d4ng \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 Qu\u1ea3ng \u0111em \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1ea1ch S\u01a1n th\u00ec \u00f4ng t\u1eaft th\u1edf. \u201cC\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng. C\u1ee5 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh tay c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t. T\u1eeb khi \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u1eafng m\u1ea5t, thanh th\u1ebf qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda. C\u0169ng trong n\u0103m \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng L\u00e3nh Chanh t\u1eed tr\u1eadn t\u1ea1i K\u1ef3 Anh, \u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u1ef1c t\u1eed tr\u1eadn t\u1ea1i L\u1ea1c Thi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c \u00f4ng L\u00e3nh C\u1ea5p v\u00e0 L\u00e3nh C\u00e1t c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eed tr\u1eadn, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t hao m\u00f2n, thanh th\u1ebf c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t suy gi\u1ea3m. (Theo Nguy\u1ec5n Phan Quang: Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng s\u1eed li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi. T\u1eadp 2 Nxb. Tp. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 1998, tr.147-263) PHAN TR\u1eccNG B\u00c1U QU\u00c2N TH\u1ee8 TRONG KH\u1edeI NGH\u0128A PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG - CAO TH\u1eaeNG Qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 (ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n) trong kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. V\u1eady qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ra sao? L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y. I - T\u1eeb 40 \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebfn 15 c\u0103n c\u1ee9, hay l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9: Sau cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng \u1edf kinh th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y 5-7-1885, H\u00e0m Nghi xu\u1ea5t b\u00f4n h\u1ea1 Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p b\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, hai t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 35 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 Thanh Ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 40 cu\u1ed9c. C\u00e1c th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i k\u00e9o \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p - l\u00fac b\u1ea5y Trang 354","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u00ean Trung K\u1ef3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u00f9. Ri\u00eang H\u00e0 T\u0129nh tuy b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng phong tr\u00e0o v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec. T\u1ea1i H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Cao Th\u1eafng ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf C\u1ed3n Ch\u00f9a, ph\u00eda T\u00e2y B\u1eafc huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 th\u1ee7 hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i d\u1eddi v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng - H\u1ea1 B\u1ed3ng, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd. Sau khi \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u1ec1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o phong tr\u00e0o. V\u1edbi c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c Qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n (do H\u00e0m Nghi phong t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc), Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p trong 4 t\u1ec9nh Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh - B\u00ecnh th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa, sao cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u quy v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i k\u1ebb th\u00f9. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 chia l\u00e0m 15 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9: Ngh\u1ec7 An c\u00f3 hai qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9: Di\u1ec5n th\u1ee9 (Di\u1ec5n Ch\u00e2u) do L\u00ea Tr\u1ecdng Vinh ch\u1ec9 huy; Anh th\u1ee9 (Anh S\u01a1n) do Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1eadu \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u. H\u00e0 T\u0129nh c\u00f3 10 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9: Kh\u00ea th\u1ee9 (H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea) do Nguy\u1ec5n Tho\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 huy; H\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 (H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n) do Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Giao ch\u1ec9 huy; Di\u1ec7m th\u1ee9 (l\u00e0ng T\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m, H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n) do Ng\u00f4 Qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u; L\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 (t\u1ed5ng Lai Th\u1ea1ch) do Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Nghinh ch\u1ec9 huy; L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 (l\u00e0ng Trung L\u1ec5) do Nguy\u1ec5n C\u1ea5p v\u00e0 L\u00ea Tr\u1ef1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o; Can th\u1ee9 (Can L\u1ed9c) do Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 huy; Lai th\u1ee9 (t\u1ed5ng Lai Th\u1ea1ch, huy\u1ec7n Can L\u1ed9c) do Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Nghinh (ch\u00e1u Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng) \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u; C\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 (huy\u1ec7n C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean) do Ho\u00e0ng B\u00e1 Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng Huy D\u1eeb ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch; K\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 (K\u1ef3 Anh) do V\u00f5 Ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ti\u1ebfn \u0110\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 huy; Th\u1ea1ch th\u1ee9 (Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n Danh L\u1eadp. (\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft do \u0111\u00e2u: c\u00f3 L\u1ea1i th\u1ee9? m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Nghi th\u1ee9 (do Ng\u00f4 Qu\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 huy)-Cxd) C\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Thanh Ho\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Thanh th\u1ee9 do C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 huy; Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh c\u00f3 B\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 do Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 L\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 (huy\u1ec7n L\u1ec7 Th\u1ee7y) do Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Ri\u00eang Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Trang 355","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u H\u1ea1 B\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o do Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng v\u00e0 Cao Th\u1eafng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 huy, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qua m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 40 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh 15 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia theo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc sau: - Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i qua th\u1eddi gian \u201cth\u1eed l\u1eeda\u201d v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 L\u00ea Tr\u1ecdng Vinh \u1edf Di\u1ec5n Ch\u00e2u, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1eadu \u1edf Anh S\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng kh\u1edfi binh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u trong kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n \u00d4n. Sau khi Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n \u00d4n b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh, th\u00ec L\u00ea Tr\u1ecdng Vinh v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ecde theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb Di\u1ec5n Ch\u00e2u l\u00ean \u0110\u00f4 L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1eadu, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 Di\u1ec5n th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 Anh th\u1ee9. - T\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y theo t\u00ean t\u1ec9nh, huy\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c x\u00e3. C\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa th\u00ec l\u1ea5y t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0 t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 B\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 L\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 (l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7n L\u1ec7 Th\u1ee7y); huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 H\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Di\u1ec7m th\u1ee9 (l\u00e0ng T\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m) v.v... Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p theo qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh (nh\u01b0 t\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7n, huy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a x\u00e3...) m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u qui v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i do Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng v\u00e0 Cao Th\u1eafng \u1edf trung t\u00e2m Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea1 B\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Ri\u00eang Thanh Ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, Thanh th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00ean quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Thanh Ho\u00e1, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh, trong khi \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1m l\u1eafng sau th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Ba \u0110\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1eefa l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 khi c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y thanh th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean phong tr\u00e0o h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 L\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5. Khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y, phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 hai qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00ean quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u00f3 h\u1eb9p trong 1, 2 t\u1ec9nh m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 4 t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n Trung. II - Qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1eadu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u Trang 356","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 4 t\u1ec9nh Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh - B\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh. M\u1ed7i qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng - H\u1ea1 B\u1ed3ng kho\u1ea3ng 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 giao th\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c. \u0110\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Cao Th\u1eafng kho\u1ea3ng 300 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trang b\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf R\u00fa C\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u1ea1i xung quanh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng - H\u1ea1 B\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n kh\u00e1 tinh nhu\u1ec7, quen tr\u1eadn m\u1ea1c, do Cao Th\u1eafng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 huy. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00e1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed. \u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u1edf trung du ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c tr\u00f9 ph\u00fa, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tuy ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean (cho Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n), nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng (th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quan \u0110\u00ecnh) v\u00e0 Cao Th\u1eafng (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ch\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec7) n\u00ean h\u1ecd v\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng. Th\u00f3c l\u00faa \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, ngo\u00e0i chi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef. L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1t nung cho c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1i xay gi\u00e3. V\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n trang, c\u00f3 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u cho r\u1eb1ng ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 l\u00ednh t\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (1), c\u00f2n \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u201c\u00e1o th\u00e2m kh\u0103n ng\u1ea1i\u201d nh\u01b0 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n L\u1ec7 th\u1ee9, ngo\u00e0i ra l\u00e0 \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n nhu\u1ed9m n\u00e2u, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 v\u1ea3i m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ven s\u00f4ng La (\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd) v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng Ph\u1ed1 (H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n) d\u1ec7t quanh n\u0103m. Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi Cao Th\u1eafng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3u 1874. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed b\u1ed9 binh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u00e1o t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea9u \u201cs\u00fang m\u1eb9\u201d ra r\u1ed3i theo m\u1eabu \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ef1 r\u00e8n l\u1ea5y cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u00f3 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i nh\u01b0 Can th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 r\u00e8n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00fang \u201cki\u1ec3u T\u00e2y\u201d. Trong khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng - Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi th\u00ec b\u1ecdn x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Trung K\u1ef3, t\u1eadp trung qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Trang 357","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Sau khi c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbch ngay tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 1890, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Can th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng L\u01b0u, Di\u1ec7m th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3n N\u1ea7m. \u0110\u1ed3n Linh C\u1ea3m c\u0169ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn 2, 3 l\u1ea7n. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 6-1890, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3n Trung L\u1ec5, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 huy L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 L\u00ea Ph\u1ea5t, T\u00e1c Can, Nguy\u1ec5n C\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t. Th\u00e1ng 10-1890, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Can th\u1ee9 do Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh ch\u1ec9 huy l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng L\u01b0u l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbch tu\u1ea7n ti\u1ec5u \u1edf Gia Hanh, Ph\u00fa L\u1ed9c, H\u1ed1t... Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Di\u1ec5n th\u1ee9 do \u0110\u1ec1 Ni\u00ean v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ebf Ph\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3n Ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ef3 (Ngh\u0129a \u0110\u00e0n) \u0111\u00eam 24-7-1890 bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat v\u1ec1 C\u1ea7u Gi\u00e1t. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Anh th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 M\u1eadu c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 lu\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n l\u1ebb d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb Anh S\u01a1n \u0111i Di\u1ec5n Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 uy hi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee7 l\u1ef5. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 9-1891, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eeb th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n Linh C\u1ea3m, Nam Hu\u00e2n, Ch\u1ee3 B\u1ed9ng, Tri B\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o Tru\u00f4ng V\u1eaft v\u00f9ng gi\u00e1p ranh gi\u1eefa ba huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0, Can L\u1ed9c, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea - l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1eeb xa cho trung t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd d\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng - H\u1ea1 B\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n doanh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 15 ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, b\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hao kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 3-1892, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn c\u00e0n l\u1edbn v\u00e0o Tr\u00e0ng Sim, v\u00f9ng gi\u00e1p ranh gi\u1eefa Nam H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n v\u1ec1 B\u1eafc H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t Kh\u00ea th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 Di\u1ec7m th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e2n \u0111i c\u00e0n, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, \u201c\u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u00f2n\u201d cho mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai. Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Thu\u1eadn \u1edf Th\u1ea1ch th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ti\u1ebfn \u0110\u1eafc \u1edf K\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 t\u1eadp k\u00edch ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3n Voi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3n l\u1ebb kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf d\u1edf tr\u1eadn c\u00e0n v\u00e0o Tr\u00e0ng Sim, k\u00e9o v\u1ec1 c\u1ee9u nguy cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. Sau hai l\u1ea7n c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh nhu\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e0n v\u00e0o Kh\u00ea th\u1ee9 - n\u01a1i ch\u00fang tin ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n doanh c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. Tr\u1eadn c\u00e0n do Lambert, Gi\u00e1m Trang 358","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u binh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, ch\u1ec9 huy. Sau khi t\u1eadp k\u1ebft l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf Kh\u00ea Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ecbch \u00e2m m\u01b0u bao v\u00e2y khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 H\u00f3i Tr\u00f9ng, H\u00f3i Tr\u00ec. Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 Kh\u00ea th\u1ee9 ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbch d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch khi ch\u00fang m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng 15 t\u00ean, ch\u00ednh Lambert c\u0169ng tr\u00fang th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong khi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c l\u00f9ng s\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1edf r\u1eebng n\u00fai, th\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Thu\u1eadn l\u1ea1i t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0o th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh di\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u1ed1 xanh, ph\u00e1 nh\u00e0 lao, r\u1ed3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng r\u00fat lui. Tr\u1eadn c\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. R\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m sau nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi gian qua, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung qu\u00e2n c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, v\u00ec nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd \u201ch\u1edf s\u01b0\u1eddn\u201d, m\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00eam qu\u00e2n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n l\u1ebb, bao v\u00e2y c\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 V\u1ee5 Quang, Ng\u00e0n R\u01b0\u01a1i. \u1ede v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang b\u1eaft nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n r\u00e0o l\u00e0ng, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cd\u00e8 phi\u00ean ly\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, l\u1eadp \u201cphu \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tu\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ng c\u00f3 v\u0169 trang, r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft tu\u1ea7n tra ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam trong th\u00f4n x\u00f3m. N\u0103m 1893, Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch v\u00e0o Vinh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng may \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 hi sinh trong tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3n Nu, g\u00e2y m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1eabn t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 o \u00e9p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n bu\u1ed9c b\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e9m c\u00e1c g\u00f3i l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c ra ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o, c\u1ea3i trang th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng s\u01a1n tr\u00e0ng hay th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed1t than \u0111\u1ec3 mang g\u1ea1o mu\u1ed1i cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n, tr\u1ed1n sang L\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb t\u00e0n s\u00e1t; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c th\u00ec k\u00e9o v\u1ec1 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf V\u1ee5 Quang - Ng\u00e0n R\u01b0\u01a1i. Do thi\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed, l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e0i l\u00e0 Cao Th\u1eafng n\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u1ecb suy s\u1ee5p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Sau khi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng m\u1ea5t, cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t tan r\u00e3. III - V\u00e0i nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t. Qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n s\u1ee9c gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh, qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 trong kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng - Cao Th\u1eafng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9, do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn. \u0110\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh, n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed3ng n\u00e0n, Trang 359","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n. Qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 L\u00ea Quy\u00ean, L\u00ea Ph\u1ea5t, Nguy\u1ec5n B\u1ed1... ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o ch\u01b0a gi\u00fap \u00edch g\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00ec v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ebft t\u00e0i n\u0103ng m\u00ecnh ra ch\u1ebf s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chung th\u00ec nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Thu\u1eadn (Can th\u1ee9), Cao N\u1eefu, Cao \u0110\u1ea1t (Di\u1ec7m th\u1ee9)... Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u0169ng b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c. V\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh kh\u00e1c th\u00ec r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai (Thanh Ho\u00e1, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh), b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i l\u00e0 kho ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kho c\u1ee7a, do \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 n\u01a1i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 danh ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Do ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng c\u1ee9u cho nhau g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i xa. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 bao v\u00e2y v\u00e0 xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf d\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi d\u1eadp t\u1eaft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1eefa, qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh t\u1ed5ng, l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u201chai mang\u201d (v\u1eeba l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ecbch, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m cho ta) ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 do t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00e0o l\u00fd y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ta. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, g\u00e2y r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 trong kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng - Cao Th\u1eafng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. Qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, l\u1ea5y \u00edt \u0111\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec1u, l\u1ea5y y\u1ebfu ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1nh, l\u1ea5y th\u00f4 s\u01a1 ch\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i m\u1edbi trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecd s\u1ee9c gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. (Theo T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n ho\u00e1 Ngh\u1ec7 An s\u1ed1 67, th\u00e1ng 12 - 2005, tr.13-14) Trang 360","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u _______________________________________ 1. Nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1ea3 s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 binh l\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 \u0110inh Nho Quang (Theo \u0110\u00e0o Trinh Nh\u1ea5t: Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng\u2026, Nxb Mai L\u0129nh, 1994) V\u00d5 KIM C\u01af\u01a0NG (1) NH\u00c2N D\u00c2N H\u00c0 T\u0128NH V\u1edaI CU\u1ed8C KH\u1edeI NGH\u0128A PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG (2) \u0110\u1ea5t H\u1ed3ng Lam v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi nay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. \u1ede b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0o, khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, an ninh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e1ch x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u1ea1i bang, m\u00e0 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a do c\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX v\u1eeba qua. T\u1eeb khi Ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5 s\u00fang \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng m\u1edf m\u00e0n cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n T\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u1ede Qu\u1ef3nh L\u01b0u, V\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c Khu\u00ea \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n ngh\u0129a d\u0169ng t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o Nam chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u; C\u00e1c v\u0103n th\u00e2n, s\u0129 phu y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u201cNgh\u0129a s\u0129 \u0111o\u00e0n\u201d v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec1 cao tinh th\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7t, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n k\u00fd H\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc 1862 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh d\u00e2ng s\u1edb l\u00ean \u00e1n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f2i tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh s\u1ed1ng m\u00e1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u00f9 nh\u01b0 Phan Hu\u00e2n, Ho\u00e0ng Phan Th\u00e1i... \u0110\u1ebfn khi H\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc 1874 v\u1eeba k\u00fd k\u1ebft th\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea5t cao c\u1edd ngh\u0129a, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n T\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb7ng Nh\u01b0 Mai (Ngh\u1ec7 An), Tr\u1ea7n Quang C\u00e1n, Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ea5n (H\u00e0 T\u0129nh). Nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cao tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 sau. Trang 361","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Sau khi vua H\u00e0m Nghi h\u1ea1 Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (13-7-1885) th\u00ec phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh b\u01b0\u1edbc sang m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi. \u1ede Ngh\u1ec7 An c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Ngh\u00e8 Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n \u00d4n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n th\u00e2n \u0110inh Nh\u1eadt T\u00e2n, Tr\u1ea7n Quang Di\u1ec7m, L\u00ea Tr\u1ecdng Vinh; phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ee3i (L\u00e3nh Ng\u1ee3i) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n th\u00e2n, s\u0129 phu kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Phan B\u00e1 Ni\u00ean, V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00fac M\u1eadu, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1t, L\u00e3nh S\u0129, Qu\u1ea3n H\u00f2e, Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u00ednh, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1eadu, L\u00ea Do\u00e3n Nh\u1ea1. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An, \u1edf H\u00e0 T\u0129nh ngay t\u1eeb s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm d\u1ea5y l\u00ean r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong t\u1ec9nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a do Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o sau n\u00e0y. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, t\u1eeb 1883 sau khi b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c, th\u00f4i quan tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 cho l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1i c\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n n\u00fai M\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n qu\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 che m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecbch, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u01a1i chi\u00eau m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u0129, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. C\u0169ng tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 L\u00ea Ninh (t\u1ee9c \u1ea4m Ninh), ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Trung L\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Ninh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1eadp k\u00edch th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, b\u1eaft B\u1ed1 ch\u00e1nh L\u00ea \u0110\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u00e1n s\u00e1t Tr\u1ecbnh B\u01b0u - nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 quay sang \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng gi\u1eb7c. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, l\u00e0ng Trung L\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 L\u00ea Ninh m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1887 v\u00ec \u1ed1m. N\u1ed1i g\u00f3t \u00f4ng, c\u00e1c con L\u00ea Khai, L\u00ea Ph\u00e1c v\u00e0 L\u00ea Tr\u1ef1c thay \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n th\u00f9. \u1ede \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd c\u00f2n di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan C\u00e1t T\u01b0u. N\u0103m 1885 khi v\u00e0o thi H\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 theo xa gi\u00e1 vua \u0111\u1ebfn S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng H\u00e0 T\u0129nh r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea m\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c; nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm hi sinh trong tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng \u1ed0c Giang n\u0103m 1887. Qu\u00e2n s\u0129 c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Ninh v\u00e0 Phan C\u00e1t T\u01b0u v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u1ec1u gia nh\u1eadp phong tr\u00e0o do Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, theo l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Giao \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tham gia kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. Trang 362","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Cao Th\u1eafng, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng em Cao N\u1eefu, anh h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ea1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ki\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 l\u1eadp c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ngay t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng (S\u01a1n L\u1ec5). Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Th\u00e1i V\u0129nh Chinh \u1edf S\u01a1n B\u1eb1ng (H\u1eefu B\u1eb1ng) c\u00f9ng L\u00ea Tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c; \u0110inh Nho H\u00e0nh (Gia M\u1ef9) t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a ngay t\u1ea1i qu\u00ea nh\u00e0. N\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t trong phong tr\u00e0o \u1edf Can L\u1ed9c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a hai anh em Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ea1ch (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ea1t) \u1edf Gia Hanh (Nh\u00e2n L\u1ed9c). Hai anh em h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh. N\u0103m 1888 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a hai anh em l\u00ean t\u1edbi 600 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u01a1, \u0111\u1ed9i. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n C\u01a1n Kh\u1ebf. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3 m\u01b0u tr\u00ed v\u00e0 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. \u1ede Ph\u00f9 L\u01b0u Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n Can L\u1ed9c) c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Mai Th\u1ebf Qu\u00fd chi\u00eau m\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m s\u00e1u tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm hi sinh trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1ng m\u00e1i v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1885. Sau khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, qu\u00e2n s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 gia nh\u1eadp ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ea1ch - Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh. \u1ede Nghi Xu\u00e2n c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n S\u01a1n Ng\u00f4 Qu\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 H\u00e0 V\u0103n M\u1ef9; \u1edf H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n Tho\u1ea1i; C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 Hu\u1ef3nh B\u00e1 Xuy\u00ean, Nguy\u1ec5n Chuy\u00ean, \u0110\u1ec1 D\u1ef1; \u1edf K\u1ef3 Anh c\u00f3 V\u00f5 Ph\u00e1p, L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Hoan, Tr\u1ea7n C\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u1edfng, Phan Kh\u1eafc H\u00f2a; \u1edf Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0 c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n, ba anh em B\u00f9i Hanh, B\u00f9i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 B\u00f9i \u0110\u1ec7. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Thu\u1eadn (B\u00e1 h\u1ed9 Thu\u1eadn) \u0111\u00f3ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf Tr\u00f9ng Mai. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Thu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch v\u00e0o th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 l\u1ef5 Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0, g\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u00edt thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho gi\u1eb7c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn qua ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 l\u00e0 ngay t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban b\u1ed1, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm d\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n mang t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n quy t\u1ee5 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn chung d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tham gia r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 T\u0129nh v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1886, khi Cao Th\u1eafng c\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n s\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh gia nh\u1eadp ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng Trang 363","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o trong ngo\u00e0i t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 Phan x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. C\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf trong v\u00f9ng Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh m\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd ch\u00ed \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 1887 C\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7y th\u00e1c m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i ra B\u1eafc. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Cao Th\u1eafng, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0 khi \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3n \u1edf C\u1ed3n Ch\u00f9a, l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. Trong th\u1eddi gian Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u1eafng, Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tin y\u00eau, uy th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u0103ng, ngh\u0129a s\u0129 ng\u00e0y theo v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec1u, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa b\u1ea3ng th\u00e2n h\u00e0o c\u0169ng do v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n m\u1ecfng manh khi c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111i ra B\u1eafc, cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m C\u1ee5 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n, qu\u00e2n kh\u00ed v.v... Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u00f3i chung, c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o H\u00e0 T\u0129nh n\u00f3i ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. N\u0103m 1888, khi t\u1eeb B\u1eafc tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t phong tr\u00e0o \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u to\u00e0n d\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 lan s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u00ean l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a trong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn xin gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 do c\u1ee5 Phan kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, \u1edf c\u1ea3 8 huy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 tham gia cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 T\u0129nh mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. Trong s\u1ed1 15 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Phan th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An c\u00f3 2 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh - 2 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9, Thanh H\u00f3a - 1 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. Ri\u00eang t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 T\u0129nh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn lao. Tham gia phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u0103n th\u00e2n, s\u0129 phu y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, quan ch\u1ee9c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 T\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf Trang 364","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u ph\u1ea1m vi sung qu\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 v\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u0103n th\u01a1, quy\u00ean g\u00f3p \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v.v.. Ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o do c\u1ee5 Phan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. S\u1ef1 tham gia r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u1edf x\u00e3 Ph\u00fa Gia (H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafp b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u00e0o s\u00e2u bao b\u1ecdc. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n 37 x\u00e3 trong t\u1ec9nh (bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd, Can L\u1ed9c, Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0, C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean, K\u1ef3 Anh). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u1eafp th\u00e0nh theo t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t trong th\u1eddi gian kho\u1ea3ng 10 ng\u00e0y. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c t\u1ed1p l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t thay phi\u00ean nhau v\u00e0 do l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0103n. Khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00fang Cao Th\u1eafng. Ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n, th\u1ee3 m\u1ed9c, th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 trong v\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n \u0111\u00fac v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean ch\u1ebf theo t\u1eebng c\u01a1, \u0111\u1ed9i. Ngo\u00e0i Cao Th\u1eafng, m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho hai \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed9i Quy\u00ean v\u00e0 L\u00ea Ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ed9i Quy\u00ean l\u00e0ng Y\u00ean H\u1ed3 (\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd), tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Hai \u00f4ng L\u00ea Ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9i Quy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng gia nh\u1eadp ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n L\u00ea Ninh, sau theo v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Cao Th\u1eafng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c khe su\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u00ed m\u1eadt. C\u00e1c k\u00edp th\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo ca \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a binh. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng x\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00e8n \u0111\u00fac v\u0169 kh\u00ed chung c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 (nh\u01b0 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 Can L\u1ed9c) c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng l\u00f2 r\u00e8n ri\u00eang nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi gia nh\u1eadp phong tr\u00e0o. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00f2 r\u00e8n ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn Trang 365","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u qu\u00e2n s\u0129 chuy\u00ean r\u00e8n \u0111\u00fac g\u01b0\u01a1m gi\u00e1o, s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n. C\u0169ng qua \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 to l\u1edbn bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00f2 r\u00e8n \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. L\u00f2 r\u00e8n X\u00e1 L\u1ec5 (\u0110\u1ee9c L\u0129nh) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u00fac t\u1eadp trung 200- 300 th\u1ee3 gi\u1ecfi. H\u00e0ng tr\u0103m th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng r\u00e8n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t H\u00e0 T\u0129nh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0ng Trung L\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0ng V\u00e2n Tr\u00e0ng (\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd), h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m th\u1ee3 m\u1ed9c, th\u1ee3 ti\u1ec7n gi\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang, l\u00e0m b\u00e1ng s\u00fang. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c, th\u1ee3 h\u00e0n \u1edf c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0, C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean c\u0169ng tham gia sung qu\u00e2n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ly gi\u00e1n, r\u00e0o l\u00e0ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. Nh\u01b0ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi \u00e2m m\u01b0u th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u1eabn b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t, vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef v\u1eefng. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed, th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00e0ng v\u1eabn b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng trong l\u00e0ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ecbch kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1, tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0ng, t\u1ed5ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed9p ph\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 che gi\u1ea5u ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00e0ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly th\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7n neo tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u201cph\u1ee5 ngh\u0129a\u201d, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eb1m quy\u00ean g\u00f3p, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n r\u00e8n \u0111\u00fac v\u0169 kh\u00ed ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n thu g\u00f3p \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n. Nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ebfn cho phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed3ng, m\u00e2m thau, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1edd c\u00fang cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e3 nh\u1ecf g\u1ea1o rang, tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh b\u00e1nh; ng\u00e2m v\u1ea3i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm r\u1ed3i s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n... \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u00ean ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7m c\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u b\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 tay sai t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng truy l\u00f9ng r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft. Ch\u00ednh t\u00ean Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 Trung K\u1ef3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00fa nh\u1eadn Trang 366","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u r\u1eb1ng: \u201cnhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u201d. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y n\u00f3i chung, cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a do Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n. B\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i bang c\u1ea5u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c phong ki\u1ebfn b\u00e1n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea1o t\u00e0n nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm phong tr\u00e0o trong bi\u1ec3n m\u00e1u. D\u1ea7u v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i, \u00fd ch\u00ed y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0103m th\u00f9 gi\u1eb7c v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a do c\u1ee5 Phan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1eabn chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng trong bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1995 ______________________________________ 1. V\u00f5 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng: Ph\u00f3 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed h\u1ecdc. 2. B\u00e0i tham gia H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 100 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y m\u1ea5t Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, ng\u00e0y 28-12-1995. PH\u1ea0M V\u0102N K\u00cdNH (1) NH\u00c2N D\u00c2N THANH H\u00d3A V\u1edaI CU\u1ed8C KH\u1edeI NGH\u0128A H\u01af\u01a0NG KH\u00ca C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trong s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea do Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, Cao Th\u1eafng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 to l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1ed9 H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1ecfa r\u1ed9ng ra h\u1ea7u kh\u1eafp t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, r\u1ed3i tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Ngh\u1ec7 An ra t\u1eadn Thanh H\u00f3a. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, trang b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c, cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea c\u00f2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, phi\u00ean ch\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd theo ki\u1ec3u qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh quy. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra l\u00e0m 15 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh 10 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t Thanh H\u00f3a 1 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. Trang 367","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Thanh H\u00f3a ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9, n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n c\u1ee5 Phan ch\u1ec9 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng con s\u1ed1 \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng k\u00e9m nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Thanh H\u00f3a v\u1edbi kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea? \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 Thanh H\u00f3a, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Thanh th\u1ee9, trong su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp trong to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o. Huy\u1ec7n H\u00e0 Trung c\u00f3 L\u00e3nh To\u1ea1i, L\u00e3nh Phi; huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n c\u00f3 T\u00e1n Th\u00e1o; huy\u1ec7n H\u1eadu L\u1ed9c c\u00f3 Ph\u1ea1m B\u00e0nh, Ho\u00e0ng B\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea1t; huy\u1ec7n Ho\u1eb1ng H\u00f3a c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4n Ti\u1ebft, L\u00ea Tr\u00ed Th\u1ef1c, L\u00ea Kh\u1eafc Qu\u00fdnh; huy\u1ec7n Qu\u1ea3ng X\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eadu, Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc L\u01b0\u1ee1ng; c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n Y\u00ean \u0110\u1ecbnh, V\u0129nh L\u1ed9c, Th\u1ea1ch Th\u00e0nh, C\u1ea9m Th\u1ee7y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Cao \u0110i\u1ec3n, T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n; ch\u00e2u Quan H\u00f3a c\u00f3 H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao; ch\u00e2u Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd do phong tr\u00e0o \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 Thanh H\u00f3a l\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf \u1ef7 d\u1ed1c cho trung t\u00e2m Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i, li\u00ean h\u1ec7, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh m\u1ea1n ngo\u00e0i. Sau khi c\u00f9ng vua H\u00e0m Nghi \u1ee7y th\u00e1c cho c\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 T\u0129nh (th\u00e1ng 7-1885) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap vua, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1886 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7n. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i \u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i Thanh H\u00f3a g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Thanh th\u1ee9 - m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 15 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Th\u00e1i, sinh n\u0103m M\u1eadu Ng\u1ecd (1858), \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o n\u0103m th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5 s\u00fang \u0111\u00e1nh \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 con c\u1ee5 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Ti\u1ebfn, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9c Qu\u1ea3n c\u01a1 d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c, h\u1eb3n r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 quen c\u1ee5 Phan. H\u1ecd C\u1ea7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd l\u1edbn r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn \u1edf ch\u00e2u Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c, th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn, c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du Thanh H\u00f3a, mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai Ngh\u1ec7 An, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 quan l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t n\u1ec3 v\u00ec. Trang 368","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u N\u0103m 1885 kinh th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7, vua H\u00e0m Nghi xu\u1ea5t b\u00f4n, h\u1ea1 Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba tr\u00f2n 27 tu\u1ed5i. H\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o r\u1eebng n\u00fai hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n - Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. Sau khi g\u1eb7p T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n, \u00f4ng li\u1ec1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Ba \u0110\u00ecnh - trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh H\u00f3a, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea (2). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tr\u00ean danh ngh\u0129a phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p do C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh H\u00f3a d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n So\u1ea1n - ng\u01b0\u1eddi thay m\u1eb7t H\u00e0m Nghi v\u00e0 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u1edf v\u00f9ng Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea. V\u00e0 trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Thanh H\u00f3a. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Thanh H\u00f3a cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea. Sau khi h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00f3 h\u1eb9p trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao \u1edf ch\u00e2u Quan H\u00f3a, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Ngh\u1ec7 An v\u00e0 sang c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng S\u1ea7m T\u1edb c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n L\u00e0o. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n (1885), cao tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. V\u00ec th\u1ebf th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp trung m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh H\u00f3a. Phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Thanh H\u00f3a l\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ba \u0110\u00ecnh - M\u00e3 Cao, trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t b\u1ecb b\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c hi sinh nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m B\u00e0nh, \u0110inh C\u00f4ng Tr\u00e1ng, Ho\u00e0ng B\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea1t, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4n Ti\u1ebft, \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u1ee9c M\u1eadu, H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao v.v... Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n, Cao \u0110i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00edt l\u00e2u T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n c\u0169ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft (3). phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh H\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trao l\u1ea1i cho C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Thanh th\u1ee9, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00eam ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c Trang 369","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u sung T\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua H\u00e0m Nghi v\u00e0 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft phong cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t lo c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00fai Thanh H\u00f3a, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Ngh\u1ec7 An. Qua t\u1edd tr\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ed1c binh Lang V\u0103n Thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u00e1t vi\u1ebft: \u201cH\u00e0m Nghi ng\u0169 ni\u00ean b\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7t, nh\u1ecb th\u1eadp ng\u0169 nh\u1eadt, Thanh th\u1ee9 H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c sung T\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 C\u1ea7m th\u1ee7 tr\u00e1t Ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t, Qu\u1ef3 ph\u1ee7, Gia H\u1ed9i x\u00e3 h\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ch\u1ea5p chi\u1ebfu. Nh\u1eadt h\u1ea1 ngh\u0129a quan binh ch\u00e1n kh\u1edfi, chi\u1ebfu chi y x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1c binh Lang V\u0103n Thi\u1ebft, c\u1eadn lai (K\u1ef7) h\u1ec7 h\u1eefu t\u00e2m ngh\u0129a ni\u1ec7m (Thi\u1ebfp) th\u1eed h\u1ecdp tr\u00e1t giao y x\u00e3 l\u01b0u ch\u1ea5p, th\u1ea3ng h\u1eefu quan binh kinh qu\u00e1 th\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea9m tri t\u01b0 tr\u00e1t... Chi\u1ebfu\u201d. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: \u201cNg\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m H\u00e0m Nghi th\u1ee9 5 (1889) H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c sung T\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 Thanh th\u1ee9 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea5p tr\u00e1t cho k\u1ef3 m\u1ee5c x\u00e3 Gia H\u1ed9i, ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ef3 Ch\u00e2u, h\u1ea1t Ngh\u1ec7 An bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 thi h\u00e0nh. B\u1ea5y l\u00e2u nay quan binh kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, x\u00e3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1c binh Lang V\u0103n Thi\u1ebft, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7p gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 quan qu\u00e2n. V\u1eady c\u1ea5p tr\u00e1t n\u00e0y giao cho b\u1ea3n x\u00e3 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 quan binh \u0111i qua th\u00ec \u0111em tr\u00e1t n\u00e0y ra tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft\u201d (4). Ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch l\u00e0 t\u1edd tr\u00e1t k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea9u truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n trong d\u00e2n gian k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1c binh Lang V\u0103n Thi\u1ebft, \u0110\u1ed1c binh Lang V\u0103n H\u1ea1nh (ng\u01b0\u1eddi Gia H\u1ed9i), Qu\u1ea3n c\u01a1 Th\u00f4ng, Qu\u1ea3n c\u01a1 Th\u1ee5 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kim S\u01a1n) d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a Thanh th\u1ee9 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc (5). Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho hay r\u1eb1ng C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1eadn, m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea. Ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n c\u00f3 qu\u1ebf lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n, quen g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdc qu\u1ebf (ch\u00e2u Th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ebf ng\u1ecdc), C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u1ea5y qu\u1ebf n\u1ed9p cho c\u1ee5 Phan \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d (6). Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 cung t\u00ean gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb s\u00fang Cao Th\u1eafng (7) - lo\u1ea1i s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3u 1874 - do k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea l\u00e0 Cao Th\u1eafng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Thanh th\u1ee9 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc. Trang 370","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Th\u1ef1c ra, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea c\u1ee7a Thanh H\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ri\u00eang C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n So\u1ea1n v\u00e0 Cao \u0110i\u1ec3n. Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n So\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Th\u1ecd H\u1ea1c thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh l\u1ecb Thanh H\u00f3a. \u00d4ng l\u00e0m quan \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf kinh th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y 4 r\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1885. Kinh th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7, \u00f4ng theo h\u1ed9 gi\u00e1 vua H\u00e0m Nghi xu\u1ea5t b\u00f4n. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00e0m Nghi v\u00e0 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft tin c\u1ea9n c\u1eed v\u1ec1 Thanh H\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o, li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n l\u1ebb t\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy chung. \u00d4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 - kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Ba \u0110\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi (H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed3n M\u00e3 Cao - c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Ba \u0110\u00ecnh. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1888, cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u01b0\u1edbc sang th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t th\u00ec ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n So\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng Ph\u1ee7 Di\u1ec5n (8). Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Anh th\u1ee9 do Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1eadu ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf v\u00f9ng C\u00e2y Chanh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m cho thanh th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng vang d\u1ed9i. C\u00f2n Cao \u0110i\u1ec3n, v\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9i V\u0169 L\u00e2m. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Ba \u0110\u00ecnh, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy th\u1ee9 hai sau T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u00f9ng L\u0129nh. Sau khi T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft (15-10-1892), Cao \u0110i\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm v\u00e0o H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea gia nh\u1eadp cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a do c\u1ee5 Phan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Khi c\u1ee5 Phan m\u1ea5t (21-1-1896), \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf tham gia cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m (9). Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 80 phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh H\u00f3a b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tho\u00e1i tr\u00e0o. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh H\u00f3a l\u00fac n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trao l\u1ea1i cho C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc; nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u01b0u t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 sau. Th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1893, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u h\u1ebft v\u0169 kh\u00ed, qu\u00e2n trang v\u00e0 cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ngh\u0129a s\u0129 v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0103n sinh s\u1ed1ng, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 Boulloche xin \u201ch\u00e0ng\u201d. \u0110\u00e3 bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n nh\u1eb1m tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh t\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp may hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3. Boulloche li\u1ec1n phong Trang 371","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u cho C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m \u201cBang bi\u1ec7n nh\u1ecb ch\u00e2u\u201d (ch\u00e2u Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Lang Ch\u00e1nh) \u0111\u1ec3 mua chu\u1ed9c, l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n \u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng danh l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp \u00f4ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u00f4ng \u201cBang Th\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c danh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c m\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean, b\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, chi\u00eau binh, m\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1edbng, tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a m\u1edbi. Sau g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1894 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 huy 150 qu\u00e2n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3n Th\u1ed5 S\u01a1n, c\u00e1ch B\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u1ea3ng 10km. Cu\u1ed9c ra qu\u00e2n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1. Ch\u00ednh - Ch\u00e1nh thanh tra v\u1ec7 binh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Dauf\u00e8s c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00fa nh\u1eadn: \u201cV\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 1 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng (6-2-1894) th\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3n Th\u1ed5 S\u01a1n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u00e0o \u1ea1t c\u1ee7a 150 phi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n xung quanh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i l\u00ednh kh\u1ed1 xanh \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb san ph\u1eb3ng. Qu\u00e2n phi\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u1eadn trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t\u201d (10). Kh\u00ed th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111ang l\u00ean m\u1ea1nh, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ngay c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadp k\u00edch t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, ho\u1eb7c mai ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e0n, nh\u1eb1m ti\u00eau hao sinh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c mai ph\u1ee5c b\u1ebb g\u00e3y cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3n C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t l\u00ean Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a hai vi\u00ean Ch\u00e1nh binh Mariothi v\u00e0 Locat v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13-3- 1894. Hai ng\u00e0y sau, ng\u00e0y 15-3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 bao v\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3n C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ee5c binh ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y. Ng\u00e0y 6 v\u00e0 10 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1895 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3n C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ee5c binh ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n tu\u1ea7n ti\u1ec5u, ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch... Trong qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y t\u1eadp k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed3n Th\u1ed5 S\u01a1n, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y cho \u0111\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. V\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n hai th\u00e1ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1edbi d\u1ed1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh H\u00f2n B\u1ed3ng - c\u0103n c\u1ee9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u00e0o huy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn di\u1ec5n ra v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng anh d\u0169ng, nh\u01b0ng y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, binh l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef n\u1ed5i H\u00f2n B\u1ed3ng. Ng\u00e0y 13-5-1895 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1ee3 con b\u1ecb sa v\u00e0o tay gi\u1eb7c, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb x\u1eed t\u1eed, \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o n\u0103m \u00f4ng tr\u00f2n 36 tu\u1ed5i. S\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m h\u1ebft c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh H\u00f3a n\u00f3i chung, c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Thanh H\u00f3a. V\u1eady l\u00e0 r\u00f2ng r\u00e3 trong su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m tr\u1eddi (1886-1895) chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u00d4ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e0n Trang 372","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u k\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 chung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Kinh, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh - B\u00ecnh v\u1eabn m\u00e3i m\u00e3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ng\u00e0y 12 n\u0103m 1995 ______________________________________ 1. Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n K\u00ednh: Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u00ean, Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed h\u1ecdc, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 2. C\u00f3 hai th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1886, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i Thanh H\u00f3a v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1887 c\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ra B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 n\u0103m 1886 v\u00ec r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 do T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u1ee5 Phan, v\u1eady \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng phong tr\u00e0o. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 gi\u1eefa T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft v\u1edbi C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1886 t\u1ea1i Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai (l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1879 khi T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ec7nh \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a). T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tin \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec th\u1ebf \u00f4ng m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u1ee5 Phan. C\u00f2n th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 Phan ra B\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i Thanh H\u00f3a c\u1ea3. 3. T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ngh\u00e8 B\u1ed3ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc Thanh H\u00f3a, r\u1ed3i Ch\u00e1nh s\u1ee9 S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3ng H\u00f3a (V\u0129nh L\u1ed9c). \u00d4ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 x\u1eed t\u1eed ng\u00e0y 15-10-1892. 4. D\u1eabn theo: Nguy\u1ec5n T\u00e0i S\u00e1ng. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u1ed1 3 - 4\/1975, tr.64. 5, 6. Theo Tr\u1ea7n Thanh T\u00e2m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft v\u1eeba m\u1edbi t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 m\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u1ed1 51 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1963, tr.52,53. 7. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u - \u0110inh Xu\u00e2n L\u00e2m - Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n S\u1ef1 - \u0110\u1eb7ng Huy V\u1eadn. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eadp II, tr. 269. Trang 373","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u 8. \u0110\u1eb7ng Huy V\u1eadn - \u0110inh Xu\u00e2n L\u00e2m. H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao v\u00e0 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai Thanh H\u00f3a h\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u1ed1 9-10\/1971, tr. 24. 9. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, s\u0111d, tr. 271. 10. D\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh Qu\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 1858-1945. T\u1eadp I, tr.397. NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N TH\u00c0NH (1) QU\u00c2N TH\u1ee8 THANH HO\u00c1 C\u1ee6A NGH\u0128A QU\u00c2N PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG Ti\u1ec3u d\u1eabn: B\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u201cCu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Thanh Ho\u00e1 \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n hay l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 Thanh Ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng\u201d g\u1ed3m 3 ph\u1ea7n: I. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng. II. C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a. III. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n (v\u1ec1 sau l\u00e0 Thanh th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng). Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf hai ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean. N.B.S III. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n (Thanh th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng) \u0110\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1ec9nh Thanh H\u00f3a. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n l\u00e0m ch\u00e1nh s\u1ee9 S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng t\u1ec9nh Thanh H\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u1eed C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m Bang bi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 hai ch\u00e2u Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 Lang Ch\u00e1nh. \u1ede v\u00f9ng Quan H\u00f3a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng giao cho H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u00eau m\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a Bang bi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1ed5 binh, d\u00e2n binh. Con Trang 374","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u s\u1ed1 th\u00ec \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng s\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc theo k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a C\u1eed nh\u00e2n T\u1ed1ng Nh\u1eef Mai con trai Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n, l\u00e0m t\u1edd b\u1ea9m l\u00ean Tri ch\u00e2u Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n xin m\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u1ecb an t\u1eeb B\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi L\u00e0o. Ch\u1ee9c Bang bi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u00ec do Tri ch\u00e2u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi Ch\u00e1nh s\u1ee9 S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e1nh s\u1ee9 S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o Thanh H\u00f3a, phe ch\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn, m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n, H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Thanh H\u00f3a. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn an ninh v\u00f9ng Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n - Lang Ch\u00e1nh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn n\u00ean Tri ch\u00e2u Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd v\u00e0o t\u1edd b\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a quan Bang bi\u1ec7n trong vi\u1ec7c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng binh l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y. C\u00f3 t\u1edd b\u1ea9m trong tay, Bang bi\u1ec7n C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c canh g\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2n binh. \u00d4ng cho l\u00ednh d\u00f5ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb B\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t, r\u1ed3i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ea5t M\u1ecdt. \u00d4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng giao cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen bi\u1ebft c\u0169, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng, n\u1eafm gi\u1eef l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n canh g\u00e1c. Th\u1ed5 binh v\u00e0 d\u00e2n binh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cung n\u1ecf, v\u00f3t t\u00ean, ch\u1ebf thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang, r\u00f3c h\u1ecfa mai, v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Trong l\u1ea7n huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ecdc s\u00f4ng Chu t\u1eeb B\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t, r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ea5t M\u1ecdt. D\u1ecdc theo s\u00f4ng \u0110\u1eb7t, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3n l\u0169y, l\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 B\u1ea3n L\u1eb9, \u0111\u1ed3n \u0110\u1ed3ng Chong, \u0111\u1ed3n B\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed3n. Khi T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft h\u1ecdp c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00ecnh B\u1ed3ng Trung, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m T\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 hai ch\u00e2u Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n - Ng\u1ecdc L\u1eb7c. Khi H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng M\u00e3 Cao, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng M\u00e3 Cao. Khi li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao, do l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o H\u00e0 V\u0103n Mao m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng Th\u1ecd Xu\u00e2n, Nh\u01b0 Xu\u00e2n, N\u00f4ng C\u1ed1ng, Ng\u1ecdc L\u1eb7c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n \u1edf Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng \u0110\u1eb7t v\u00e0o Ngh\u1ec7 An g\u1eb7p Lang V\u0103n Thi\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u00e1i \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An l\u00e0 em r\u1ec3 \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Lang V\u0103n Thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 em ru\u1ed9t l\u00e0 Lang V\u0103n H\u1ea1nh l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u1edbng cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n l\u00ean B\u1ea5t M\u1ecdt sang m\u01b0\u1eddng Man Duy g\u1eb7p T\u1ea1o C\u1ed1ng Trang 375","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u00e1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng T\u1ea1o C\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, c\u00e1 m\u1eafm b\u00f3p th\u00ednh, c\u00e1c l\u00e2m th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 cho qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1eeb trung t\u00e2m Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ra c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n xung quanh Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n. L\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n r\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc giao cho Bang L\u1ef1, su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9i Pi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9i Li\u00eau ch\u1ecdn khu r\u1eebng s\u00e2u \u1edf ch\u00e2n n\u00fai B\u00f9 \u0110\u00ecnh gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi H\u00f2n Long x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e2n kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e8n v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho qu\u00e2n s\u0129. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc cho thu nh\u1eb7t s\u1eaft th\u00e9p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ecfng \u1edf c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n v\u0169 kh\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 r\u00e8n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u00fang k\u00edp, s\u00fang h\u1ecfa mai. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u do ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u00f9ng L\u0129nh \u1edf m\u1ea1n xu\u00f4i, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n. Sau tr\u1eadn t\u1eadp k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed3n Y\u00ean L\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng 2-12-1892, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u00f9ng L\u0129nh r\u00fat l\u00ean Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n. \u1ede Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n, T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u00f9ng L\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean ch\u1ebf g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean M\u01b0\u1eddng K\u1ef7 mong h\u1ee3p qu\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef chuy\u1ec3n ra B\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i qu\u00e2n H\u00f9ng L\u0129nh c\u0169ng b\u1ecb y\u1ebfu s\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1eefa, sau \u0111\u00f3 T\u1ed1ng Duy T\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u1eaft. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1892, khi c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n H\u00f9ng L\u0129nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p bao v\u00e2y m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n. Khi c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n kh\u00e1c tan r\u00e3, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u00f4 l\u1eadp Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n n\u00ean th\u00e1ng 3-1883 C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1 h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tin C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed. Khi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf v\u00f9ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 cho Bang L\u1ef1 v\u00e0o li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 Phan c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Tr\u00ecnh V\u1ea1n l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 Thanh H\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00fang l\u00e0m theo ki\u1ec3u Ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn l\u1eafm. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n c\u0169ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p bao v\u00e2y. To\u00e1n qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Bang L\u1ef1 v\u00e0o li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng khai th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf. Trang 376","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Th\u00e1ng 2-1894, gi\u00e1m binh Lemeray t\u1eeb Thanh H\u00f3a k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n l\u00ean C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t. Ch\u00fang c\u01b0\u1edbp ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u1edf C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t v\u00e0 xung quanh, \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n l\u1ea1i \u1edf C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t ch\u1edd t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n. Lemeray kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00ecnh C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 tr\u00e1 h\u00e0ng, c\u00f2n v\u1eabn chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n g\u1ed3m ba to\u00e1n. To\u00e1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t do Cavelin \u0111i theo s\u00f4ng Chu. C\u00e1nh th\u1ee9 ba do Marlin ch\u1ec9 huy t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Nam theo s\u00f4ng Lu\u1ed9c, c\u00f2n c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n do Lecal ch\u1ec9 huy men theo s\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1t. Th\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3n Th\u1ed5 S\u01a1n c\u00e1ch B\u00e3i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng 10km v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 11-2-1894. \u0110\u00eam h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Y\u00ean L\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n trong \u0111\u00eam cho \u0111\u1ed3n Th\u1ed5 S\u01a1n. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau to\u00e1n qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Quang Th\u00f4n; th\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n l\u00ean, qu\u00e2n ta \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh Th\u1ed5 S\u01a1n c\u0169ng r\u00fat v\u1ec1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ebft d\u00e2n s\u01a1 t\u00e1n v\u00e0o r\u1eebng, thanh ni\u00ean \u1edf l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3n B\u00f9 L\u1eb9, B\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed3n. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t th\u00ec c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n do Marlin k\u00e9o t\u1edbi. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5y Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7n binh b\u00e8n r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 C\u1ecdc Ch\u1ebd (nay \u1edf x\u00e3 Xu\u00e2n L\u1ec7) \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng Nam Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n. Chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3n m\u1edbi \u1edf B\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Choong \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. Ch\u00fang b\u1eaft b\u1edb v\u00e0 t\u00e0n s\u00e1t r\u1ea5t d\u00e3 man, ch\u00fang qu\u1eadt m\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba l\u1edbn, \u00f4ng cho l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0ng C\u00fac l\u00e0 H\u00e0 V\u0103n V\u1ea1n tr\u00e1 h\u00e0ng. Ng\u00e0y 29-1-1895 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng C\u1ecdc Ch\u1ebd do \u00f4ng V\u1ea1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi qua ch\u1ed7 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ph\u1ee5c binh, qu\u00e2n ta t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao b\u1eafn xu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1c b\u1eaby \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ean cao c\u0169ng tr\u00fat xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ecdc Ch\u1ebd nh\u01b0ng g\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i c\u0169ng r\u00fat v\u1ec1 Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n v\u00ec s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n r\u1eddi C\u1ecdc Ch\u1ebd v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf H\u00f2n B\u00f2ng gi\u00e1p gi\u1edbi Thanh Ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng \u0110\u1eb7t. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ecbch \u0103n \u1edf kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp trung th\u00eam binh l\u1ef1c b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n. Ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng 10-5-1895 gi\u00e1m binh Marlin d\u1eabn 200 l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o H\u00f2n B\u00f2ng. Sau b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n suy y\u1ebfu r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. M\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Thanh th\u1ee9 v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng Trang 377","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u S\u01a1n b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t v\u00ec ch\u00ednh l\u00fac n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n c\u0169ng b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y ng\u1eb7t ngh\u00e8o, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u tan c\u1ea3. Ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng 3-5-1895, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft t\u1ea1i B\u1ea3n C\u00e0. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 Tr\u1ecbnh V\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua chu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang h\u1ee9a cho \u00f4ng l\u00e0m quan cai tr\u1ecb Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n, Lang Ch\u00e1nh, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Khi gi\u1eb7c d\u1eabn \u00f4ng qua C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t, \u00f4ng b\u1ebb m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i: N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd ta. Kh\u00f4ng mua chu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p gi\u1ebft \u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 36 sau 10 n\u0103m ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u00f4n vinh \u00f4ng, l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd \u00f4ng \u1edf C\u1eeda \u0110\u1eb7t. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i: B\u1ea5t t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i danh th\u00f9y v\u0169 tr\u1ee5; Nh\u01b0 sinh ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed t\u00e1c s\u01a1n h\u00e0. D\u1ecbch l\u00e0: Danh th\u01a1m ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5t trong tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t; Ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed m\u00e3i c\u00f2n v\u1edbi n\u00fai s\u00f4ng. Sau T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a n\u0103m 1945 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u00f4n vinh \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u00f4ng cho t\u00ean m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec7n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai Thanh H\u00f3a. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 t\u1ec9nh Thanh H\u00f3a, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang huy\u1ec7n Th\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2007 _______________________________________ 1. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh: Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, Chi h\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Trang 378","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u VAI TR\u00d2 C\u1ee6A CAO TH\u1eaeNG TRONG KH\u1edeI NGH\u0128A PHAN \u0110\u00ccNH PH\u00d9NG Sau khi k\u00fd H\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u00e2m Tu\u1ea5t (1862) \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t 3 t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n chu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng, giao lu\u00f4n ba t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Nam K\u1ef3 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i cho Kh\u00e2m sai Phan Thanh Gi\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd H\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 m\u1eafng: \u201cHai ng\u01b0\u01a1i (Phan Thanh Gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 L\u00e2m Duy Hi\u1ec7p) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n tri\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi n\u1eefa\u201d. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1867, \u00f4ng quan ch\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 trong 7 ng\u00e0y (18-6- 1867 \u0111\u1ebfn 24-6-1867) \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng tr\u1ecdn ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Nam K\u1ef3 cho Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean v\u00f4 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt m\u00e1u. Nam K\u1ef3 l\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ri\u00eang. Thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00f2n v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c th\u00ec tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf l\u1ea1i \u201ch\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb\u201d m\u1eddi t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc K\u1ef3, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1eafm lu\u00f4n t\u00ean l\u00e1i s\u00fang ki\u00eam gi\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u1eb1m v\u00f9ng Jean Dupuis tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1873, so\u00e1i ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Nam K\u1ef3 l\u1ea5y c\u1edb gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa J. Dupuis v\u1edbi quan l\u1ea1i B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed Fran\u00e7is Garnier mang theo 100 l\u00ednh v\u1edbi hai t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00f4ng. B\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ng\u00e0y 20-11-1873, vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fay 24 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1 th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong ch\u1edbp m\u1eaft. Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n Nguy\u1ec5n Tri Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eef th\u00e0nh b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, con trai l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2m t\u1eed tr\u1eadn. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p th\u1eeba th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm lu\u00f4n H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ninh B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh trong v\u00f2ng 20 ng\u00e0y (20-10-1873 \u0111\u1ebfn 10-12-1873). D\u00e2n ch\u00fang B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan qu\u00e2n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n C\u1edd \u0110en, ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft F.Garnier t\u1ea1i Gi\u1ea3ng V\u00f5 (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i). Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u1ee5y qu\u00e2n m\u1edbi tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9, m\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, hoang mang c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat th\u00ec T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i ra l\u1ec7nh cho quan Trang 379","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u qu\u00e2n \u201cb\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng\u201d. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng Philastre (\u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p) ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, k\u00fd th\u00eam m\u1ed9t H\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 h\u01a1n. H\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc Gi\u00e1p Tu\u1ea5t (1874), tuy Ph\u00e1p r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi B\u1eafc K\u1ef3, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n Th\u1ecb N\u1ea1i, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do \u0111i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc K\u1ef3, Trung K\u1ef3, c\u1ea5m tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n g\u00e2y c\u0103m ph\u1eabn trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 H\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u00e2m Tu\u1ea5t (1862). Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i n\u1ed5i d\u1eady \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh do Tr\u1ea7n T\u1ea5n (Ngh\u1ec7 An), Tr\u1ea7n Quang C\u00e1n (H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n) v\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 Huy Di\u1ec5n (Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0), Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Quang Th\u1ee7 (Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh) l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1edbi m\u1ea5y v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, chia l\u00e0m m\u1ea5y c\u00e1nh. C\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ea7n Quang C\u00e1n l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ea1 t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i k\u00eau g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi d\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. L\u00fac n\u00e0y Cao Th\u1eafng 11 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i theo Tr\u1ea7n Quang C\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng b\u1ecb quan qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd. Khi kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, Cao b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd c\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadt (anh ru\u1ed9t Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng) \u0111ang l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o th\u1ee5, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh \u0111em v\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m sau, C\u1ee5 Thu\u1eadt m\u1ea5t. Cao v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng Tu\u1ea7n L\u1ec5 (nay l\u00e0 S\u01a1n L\u1ec5) sinh s\u1ed1ng, l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o vu c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp ru\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft giam t\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd ng\u00e0y x\u00e9t x\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gh\u00e9m, v\u00ec b\u1ecb vu t\u1ed9i gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. 1 - Cao Th\u1eafng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n cho kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. Ng\u00e0y nay s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong 11 n\u0103m (1885-1895), nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 2 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Trong khi th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean th\u00ec n\u0103m 1876 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Trang 380","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Ph\u00f9ng m\u1edbi thi \u0111\u1eadu C\u1eed nh\u00e2n, n\u0103m 1877 thi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u khoa Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 (\u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 l\u00e0m quan. N\u0103m T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 31 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec1u l\u00e0m \u0110\u00f4 s\u00e1t Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed. N\u0103m 1883 T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c m\u1ea5t, quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng l\u0169ng \u0111o\u1ea1n. B\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng ph\u1ebf ba vua. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, b\u1ecb Thuy\u1ebft c\u00e1ch tu\u1ed9t xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng. N\u0103m 1883, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf k\u00fd v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p H\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc Harmand sau khi Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u1ea7n 2, Ho\u00e0ng Di\u1ec7u tu\u1eabn ti\u1ebft. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 1884 l\u00e0 H\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc Paten\u00f4tre, d\u00e2ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho Ph\u00e1p. Vua H\u00e0m Nghi xu\u1ea5t b\u00f4n ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee9ng ra t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a (giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1) t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i (\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd) kh\u00ed th\u1ebf r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh tan. C\u1ee5 Phan thu th\u1eadp t\u00e0n qu\u00e2n l\u00ean v\u00f9ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1887 t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, c\u1ee5 Phan ra B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 (tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i S\u01a1n T\u00e2y) \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u0129 phu B\u1eaft h\u00e0. C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m t\u00e0n qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u1edf H\u00e0 T\u0129nh c\u0169ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh tan. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu \u1ea5m L\u00ea Ninh (l\u00e0ng Trung L\u1ec5 - \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd) l\u00e0 c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ea1 t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Cao Th\u1eafng. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y Cao ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec trong kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. Sau khi c\u1ee5 Phan ra B\u1eafc, Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111ang tan t\u00e1c, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng n\u00fai \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0m (H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n) v\u1ed1n x\u01b0a kia l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Quang C\u00e1n. T\u00e0i ki\u00eam v\u0103n v\u00f5, l\u1eafm m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c, qua hai l\u1ea7n tho\u00e1t ch\u1ebft Cao c\u00e0ng ch\u00edn ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng binh s\u00fac nhu\u1ec7, Cao d\u1ea5u k\u00edn tung t\u00edch, kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t t\u1ea3 (gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa). Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 g\u00f3p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 khai hoang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 t\u00fac. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i ba tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec c\u00f3 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1eb7t ra. V\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 lo qu\u00e2n trang v\u00e0 mua s\u1eafm v\u0169 kh\u00ed, Cao b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quy\u00ean g\u00f3p theo \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng trong v\u00f9ng Cao ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t quy\u00ean g\u00f3p th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb m\u1eddi l\u00ean s\u01a1n tr\u1ea1i. C\u1ee5 n\u1ed9i t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi l\u00ean trong 10 ng\u00e0y, k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ai b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp gi\u1ebft ch\u00f3c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n n\u1ed9p c\u0169ng cho v\u1ec1. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quan l\u1ea1i, l\u00ednh Trang 381","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u tr\u00e1ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ti\u1ec1n chu\u1ed9c. V\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, Cao c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1eeb l\u00e0ng r\u00e8n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng V\u00e2n Ch\u00e0ng (\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd) l\u00ean. Ni\u1ec1m day d\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a Cao l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf s\u00fang T\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ea1n T\u00e2y. Cao treo gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng (b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7m x\u00f2e do Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00fac) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang T\u00e2y, v\u1eabn t\u00ecm kh\u00f4ng ra. B\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n s\u0129 Nam \u0110\u00e0n, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0 con \u0111i l\u00ednh t\u1eadp, ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0a ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb Vinh l\u00ean H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t l\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 mang s\u00fang T\u00e2y, v\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1o cho Cao bi\u1ebft. Cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Cao c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 14 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang v\u00e0 m\u1ea5y h\u00f2m b\u1ea1c. Cao \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n c\u00f9ng th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n th\u00e1o t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ra, m\u1ea7y m\u00f2 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o. N\u00f2ng s\u00fang d\u00f9ng g\u1ecdng \u00f4 c\u1ee7a T\u00e0u, m\u00e2m thau n\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u00ean g\u00f3p v\u00e0 mua v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1n. Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang do Cao ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tuy b\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng xa, do n\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh kh\u01b0\u01a1ng tuy\u1ebfn, thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c trong c\u1ef1 ly 100 m\u00e9t. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Cao Th\u1eafng l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy nh\u1ea5t h\u00f9ng c\u1ee9 d\u00e3y n\u00fai \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0m (H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n) c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 500 tay s\u00fang. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t to\u00e1n l\u1ee5c l\u00e2m h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 Cao \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi Cao l\u00e0 \u0111u\u1ed5i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00f5i. Cao t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh t\u00e0i tr\u00ed th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng uy t\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1ng c\u1edd B\u00ecnh T\u00e2y (\u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p) th\u00ec ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7. Cao th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m C\u1edd v\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n Quang C\u00e1n, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng mu\u1ed1n m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc minh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee9c cao v\u1ecdng tr\u1ecdng, vang kh\u1eafp ba k\u1ef3, m\u1edbi t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 phu. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng n\u00f3i b\u00ecnh sinh kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a g\u00ec vua quan, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebb s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft l\u1ea5y qu\u1ed1c th\u00f9 l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng. C\u1ee5 \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean (Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng) l\u00e0 trang s\u0129 v\u1ecdng kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 s\u00fay B\u00ecnh T\u00e2y. N\u0103m 1889, Cao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra B\u1eafc, b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3n c\u1ee5 Phan v\u1ec1 theo thuy\u1ec1n bu\u00f4n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn C\u1eeda Nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng (C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean) l\u00ean H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n c\u0169ng b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm. C\u00f3 th\u00eam ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd so\u00e1i danh v\u1ecdng, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh. C\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh c\u0169 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c to\u00e1n ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u theo v\u1ec1, nhi\u1ec1u tay ki\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 L\u00e3nh binh Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ee5c, Hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3n L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh Qu\u00fd. Trong s\u1ed1 anh em \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed nh\u01b0 Cao \u0110\u1ea1t, Nguy\u1ec5n Ni\u00eam, Cao N\u1eefu c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh gi\u1ecfi giang. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Cao \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 T\u00e1m, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7 cao c\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u00ed d\u0169ng song to\u00e0n, \u0111i l\u1ea1i L\u00e0o Xi\u00eam nh\u01b0 \u0111i ch\u1ee3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c mua thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang ngo\u1ea1i n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n b\u1eafn r\u1ea5t xa. \u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n doanh V\u1ee5 Quang (H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea gi\u00e1p H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed Trang 382","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xa \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0n, ti\u1ebfn d\u1ec5 c\u00f4ng tho\u00e1i d\u1ec5 th\u1ee7. Cao c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed3n, l\u1eadp kho ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee9a s\u00fang. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Cao chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u00f3n c\u1ee5 Phan v\u1ec1. ___________________________________ 1. Phan Kh\u00e1nh: Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, H\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Tp. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. 2 - Cao Th\u1eafng l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u D\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 phong Cao l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ed5ng nhung ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng. \u01a0n qu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u1ed5ng nhung d\u00e2ng m\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7m \u1ea5n quan ph\u00f2ng. (V\u0103n t\u1ebf Cao Th\u1eafng) Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn Thanh H\u00f3a. \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn 500, \u00edt c\u0169ng t\u1edbi 100 l\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3n t\u00fac tr\u1ef1c 500 \u0111\u1ebfn 1000 qu\u00e2n, lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 l\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, theo Cao l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 khi c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen l\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 \u0111i. T\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t s\u00fang ki\u1ec3u T\u00e2y (1874), s\u00fang k\u00edp v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1m gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p: khi ra tr\u1eadn, s\u00fang k\u00edp n\u1ea1p h\u1eadu ch\u1eadm, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 2-3 to\u00e1n b\u1eafn so le, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u00fang n\u1ed5. Gosselin \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fay ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng (Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng) kh\u1edfi binh c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta (Ph\u00e1p) t\u1ecf ra c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1 \u0111\u00f9ng. \u00d4ng ta bi\u1ebft t\u1eadp r\u00e8n qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh theo k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, l\u1ea1i mang s\u00fang ki\u1ec3u 1874 do \u00f4ng ta ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft\u201d. Trang 383","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Cao Th\u1eafng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ed5ng nhung t\u00e0i n\u0103ng m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e1ch th\u1eafng. \u0110\u1ecba b\u1ed9 v\u1ed1n theo d\u00f2ng Nh\u1ea1c M\u1ee5c, th\u00e9t nhung b\u00e0o t\u1eebng ghe tr\u1eadn oai linh. Thi\u00ean t\u00e0i toan h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0\u1edbc V\u00f5 H\u1ea7u ch\u1ebf s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft bao ch\u1eebng c\u01a1 tr\u00ed (V\u0103n t\u1ebf Cao Th\u1eafng) Nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u1edf Can L\u1ed9c, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn s\u00e1t t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, tr\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e0n v\u00e0o n\u00fai V\u1ee5 Quang, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 \u0110inh Nho Quang, \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ecf ti\u1ec5u ph\u1ee7 s\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 huy. Chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u xu\u1ea5t qu\u1ef7 nh\u1eadp th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch g\u1ecdi Cao l\u00e0 \u00f4ng H\u1ed5 (Seigneur Tigre), th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1nh giao phong v\u1edbi Cao. Ra tr\u1eadn \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00f4ng pha tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u0129 t\u1ed1t. 3 - Cao Th\u1eafng, nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1891-1892, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u1edf v\u00e0o th\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng phong. B\u1ecdn quan l\u1ea1i tay sai run s\u1ee3, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 sau khi \u0110inh Nho Quang b\u1ecb b\u1eaft t\u1ea1i hang \u1ed5. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p bu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9 th\u00eam h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u1ee5y qu\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t ken d\u00e0y chi ch\u00edt, ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho d\u00e2n li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 x\u1eed ch\u00e9m c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi k\u00e9o tr\u1ecdng binh \u00c2u Phi s\u00fang \u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1eef, m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh do \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fay Monte ch\u1ec9 huy. C\u00f2n hai ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i Vinh v\u00e0 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Gosselin ch\u1ec9 huy, v\u1eeba ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, v\u1eeba chi vi\u1ec7n ng\u1ee5y qu\u00e2n, v\u1eeba t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t l\u1edbn khi c\u00f3 th\u1eddi c\u01a1. Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u00e2m m\u01b0u th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c \u201ct\u00e1t ao b\u1eaft c\u00e1\u201d c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. Cao v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 tham m\u01b0u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 suy ngh\u0129 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1eb1ng co b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y. B\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111ang th\u1eafng th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i c\u01a1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111ang l\u00f9 l\u00f9 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c Cao cho r\u1eb1ng ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y m\u00e0 m\u1edf m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Thanh - Ngh\u1ec7 - T\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u01a1i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ch\u1edd ch\u1ebft. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea1ch ra chu \u0111\u00e1o. Tuy\u1ec3n tinh binh quy\u1ebft t\u1eed tr\u00ean 1000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 n\u00fai V\u1ee5 Quang hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c to\u00e0n m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, s\u00fang \u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i Trang 384","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u1ec9 huy l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u0169ng t\u01b0\u1edbng Cao N\u1eefu, Cao \u0110\u1ea1t, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. \u0110\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1o H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt gi\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1edbt qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1eb3ng t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh Vinh \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ea1 nhanh nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng binh, n\u01a1i n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1edbp t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang lo s\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m chi vi\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh Vinh, nh\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1edd sang \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eadt, tr\u01b0\u1eddng khai \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 Phan v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 tham m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, th\u00e1ng 10 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch n\u0103m Qu\u00fd T\u1ef5 (1893) chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. 4 - T\u1eeb sai l\u1ea7m ch\u1ee7 quan, Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n Theo s\u1eed s\u00e1ch, theo truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 theo l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Cao \u0110\u1ea1t (v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1934-1940) cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i n\u00e0y nghe th\u00ec Cao Th\u1eafng tr\u1eafng tr\u1ebbo b\u00e9o t\u1ed1t, r\u00e2u quai n\u00f3n tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 T\u00e2y (\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1ea3 quan hai T\u00e2y khi \u0111i b\u1eaft \u0110inh Nho Quang), gi\u1eefa h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn ra. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5p b\u00e9, nh\u01b0ng t\u01b0\u1edbng \u201cng\u0169 \u0111o\u1ea3n\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u201cQuy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn sa tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc k\u1ef3 t\u1eed\u201d. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf Cao r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft l\u00fac n\u00e0o th\u00ec \u201cc\u1ee1i b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1o\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ef1, li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh x\u00f4ng pha ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ki\u00eau t\u01b0\u1edbng. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc linh c\u1eefu c\u1ee7a Cao: Vi ti\u1ec7p ti\u00ean t\u1eed, thi\u00ean \u00fd vi h\u00e0. Ch\u01b0a th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, l\u00f2ng tr\u1eddi sao v\u1eady? \u0110\u00edch th\u00e2n Cao ch\u1ec9 huy c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m trong chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf c\u1edd. Nguy\u00ean do v\u1eeba m\u1edbi ra qu\u00e2n, Cao \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebb tre. H\u01a1n ch\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1i ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u1eeda ng\u00e0y, c\u00e1i nhanh nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i gi\u1edd. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3n Nu \u1edf Thanh Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh Vinh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n bao xa th\u00ec tr\u1eddi v\u1eeba t\u1ed1i. T\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed3n l\u00e0 M\u1ed9t Phi\u1ebfn (ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u01b0ng Nguy\u00ean), m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i theo gi\u1eb7c ph\u1ea1m nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed9i \u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eb7c phong l\u00ean Thi\u1ebfu \u00fay. H\u1eafn bi\u1ebft m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh khi xung tr\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Trang 385","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Cao. H\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng k\u1ebf nghi binh cho Cao l\u00e2m v\u00e0o th\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecbch. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eafng, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ean Phi\u1ebfn nham hi\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn ra Cao trong l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n, h\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n r\u00fat lui, chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0110\u00e0o Trinh Nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n Cao ch\u1ebft: C\u00e1i c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e3y, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f2n c\u1ee5 Phan th\u00ec v\u1eadt v\u00e3 than kh\u00f3c: Tr\u1eddi h\u1ea1i t\u00f4i \u00f4ng Cao Th\u1eafng \u01a1i! Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n tuy sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7m c\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y hai n\u0103m r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng tan r\u00e3 sau khi c\u1ee5 Phan qua \u0111\u1eddi th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1895. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2007 \u0110\u1eb6NG HO\u00c0 C\u1ea6M (1) NGUY\u1ec4N CAO \u0110\u00d4N V\u00c0 PHONG TR\u00c0O C\u1ea6N V\u01af\u01a0NG CH\u1ed0NG PH\u00c1P CU\u1ed0I TH\u1ebe K\u1ef6 XIX C\u1eed nh\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh Nho gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 con trai tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed1 ch\u00e1nh s\u1ee9 t\u1ec9nh Cao B\u1eb1ng, C\u1eed nh\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Cao B\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00edch t\u00f4n \u00e1n s\u00e1t s\u1ee9 t\u1ec9nh Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, C\u1eed nh\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u0111\u1eadu ba khoa T\u00fa t\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1eadu m\u1ed9t khoa T\u00fa t\u00e0i. Th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u1ed3ng Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u00f4 Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed. C\u1ea3 b\u00ean n\u1ed9i b\u00ean ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1eb7ng Tr\u1ea1c Tri\u1ec1u, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eadu Tam tr\u01b0\u1eddng; \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ki\u1ec1u (tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n) \u0111\u1eadu \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Th\u00e1m hoa; c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i thi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eadu m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 thi \u0111\u1eadu C\u1eed nh\u00e2n, T\u00fa t\u00e0i v.v... Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n s\u1edbm c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh d\u0129nh ng\u1ed9, ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Gi\u00e1p Tu\u1ea5t (1847) c\u1ee7a v\u0103n th\u00e2n Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf m\u1edbi 14 tu\u1ed5i, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c n\u00ean ch\u01b0a tham gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ee9ng ra t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecdn x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c. Mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i thi c\u1eed, th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 thanh th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng ra t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecdn x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf \u00f4ng d\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. V\u1ed1n s\u1eb5n t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng minh, 16 tu\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng Trang 386","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadu T\u00fa t\u00e0i. Khoa thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Ng\u1ecd (1882) \u00f4ng d\u1ef1 thi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu C\u1eed nh\u00e2n, l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u00f4ng 22 tu\u1ed5i. Sau khi \u0111\u1eadu C\u1eed nh\u00e2n, Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e2n h\u00e0o, ch\u00ed s\u0129, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng trong v\u00f9ng Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0, C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean, K\u1ef3 Anh, Can L\u1ed9c v.v... \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1, v\u0169 kh\u00ed, h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn v.v... \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1885, c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u00e2u (nay l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng R\u00e1c), c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Tru\u00f4ng Xai (v\u00f9ng n\u00fai Th\u1ea1ch Xu\u00e2n), c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o v.v... Ri\u00eang c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o do Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh r\u00e0o l\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1eafp lu\u1ef9, \u0111\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o, c\u00f3 b\u00e3i t\u1eadp, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n, c\u00f3 kho t\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 l\u00f2 r\u00e8n \u0111\u00fac v\u0169 kh\u00ed g\u01b0\u01a1m gi\u00e1o v.v.. Gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c cho Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n, ngo\u00e0i hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi em ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Cao K\u1ef3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng B\u00f9i Th\u1ed1 \u1edf Ph\u00fa Phong (nay l\u00e0 Th\u1ea1ch Kh\u00ea) l\u00e0 B\u00f9i \u0110\u0103ng, B\u00f9i \u0110\u1ec7 v\u00e0 B\u00f9i Long, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb n\u1eefa th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed1c Long (\u00f4ng n\u00e0y v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, sau khi phong tr\u00e0o th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u1ea1c n\u01a1i n\u00e0o). Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 Ho\u00e0ng gi\u00e1p Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u00ednh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nghi L\u1ed9c, Ngh\u1ec7 An, tham gia ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, qua tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u1edf Thanh Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1eed tr\u1eadn, \u00f4ng k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o H\u00e0 T\u0129nh tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 t\u1ec9nh, v\u00f9ng Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0, C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean, K\u1ef3 Anh... d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ed s\u0129 trong v\u00f9ng, phong tr\u00e0o r\u1ea5t s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u00f4 n\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c tr\u00e1ng \u0111inh trong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. Khi xa gi\u00e1 vua H\u00e0m Nghi ra t\u1edbi S\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng - Ph\u00fa Gia, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1885 xu\u1ed1ng Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u0129 phu y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc trong v\u00f9ng l\u00ean Ph\u00fa Gia, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea b\u00e1i y\u1ebft vua H\u00e0m Nghi v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 vua. Nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nghe v\u00e0 s\u1eafc phong cho Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n ch\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng l\u00f4 t\u1ef1 khanh T\u00e1n l\u00fd qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, c\u1ea5p cho c\u1edd x\u00ed, con d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0 voi, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kim ng\u00e2n chi d\u00f9ng cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cho Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 huy ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng (hi\u1ec7n nay trong nh\u00e0 th\u1edd h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u1edf x\u00e3 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o c\u00f2n Trang 387","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0 voi, ph\u1ea7n ch\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u00f2n; b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc phong vi\u1ebft tay b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ee5c). Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u00f4n x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 quan \u0110\u1ea1i, hay l\u00e0 quan l\u1edbn T\u00e1n, quan T\u00e1n \u0110\u00f4n. \u00d4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng. T\u1eebng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ri\u00eang: \u1edf \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u00e2u do Ho\u00e0ng B\u00e1 Xuy\u00ean ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch, \u1edf Tru\u00f4ng Xai do Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u00ecnh L\u1eadp ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o do Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 huy. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba; nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kim ng\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 mua s\u1eafm trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft; r\u00e8n \u0111\u00fac v\u0169 kh\u00ed g\u01b0\u01a1m, gi\u00e1o; t\u00edch tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c; t\u0103ng th\u00eam qu\u00e2n v.v... D\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1edd hi\u1ec7u C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a vua H\u00e0m Nghi, bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1nh nhau v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cha c\u1ed1 Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m tay sai cho b\u1ecdn x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p. Chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf v\u00f9ng Y\u00ean Nhi\u00ean (g\u1ea7n n\u00fai N\u00e0i), v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 Ho\u00e0ng (nay l\u00e0 Th\u1ea1ch Trung, Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0) g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o \u201cV\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh\u201d v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Hoang L\u00e8o, Hoang Li\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 V\u0129nh L\u1ea1i (nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 C\u1ea9m V\u1ecbnh) g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o \u201cV\u1ea1n Th\u00e0nh\u201d (nay thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 C\u1ea9m Th\u1ea1ch, C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean). Ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 5 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1885, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a vua H\u00e0m Nghi, L\u00ea Ninh d\u1eabn qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Trung L\u1ec5 (\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd) v\u00e0o h\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Chanh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Tr\u1ea1ch \u1edf Can L\u1ed9c, r\u1ed3i k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n, Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Thu\u1eadn, Tr\u1ea7n Danh L\u1eadp (\u1edf Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0) v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng B\u00e1 Xuy\u00ean, D\u01b0\u01a1ng Duy D\u1eeb (\u1edf C\u1ea9m Xuy\u00ean). D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Ninh, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c, b\u00ed m\u1eadt, b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u1ec9nh l\u1ecb H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, d\u00e1n y\u1ebft th\u1ecb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, v\u1ea1ch t\u1ed9i b\u1ecdn quan l\u1ea1i \u1edf t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 B\u1ed1 ch\u00e1nh L\u00ea \u0110\u1ea1i, \u00e1n s\u00e1t Tr\u1ecbnh B\u01b0u v\u00e0 b\u1ecdn tay sai c\u00f3 \u00e2m m\u01b0u ph\u1ea3n tr\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng l\u00ean Ph\u00fa Gia, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea \u0111\u00f3n r\u01b0\u1edbc vua H\u00e0m Nghi, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn cha c\u1ed1 \u1edf nh\u00e0 th\u1edd V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh b\u00e1o cho qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb Vinh (Ngh\u1ec7 An) v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n b\u1eaft vua H\u00e0m Nghi \u1edf Ph\u00fa Gia. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u00ed m\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh n\u1ed9i. B\u1ecdn quan t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 b\u00e8 l\u0169 tay sai tr\u1edf tay kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1n t\u1ed9i. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n to\u00e0n th\u1eafng, chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1edf ph\u00e1 nh\u00e0 t\u00f9, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n Trang 388","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u nh\u01b0 Cao Th\u1eafng (ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng) v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Huy \u0110i\u1ec3n (m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 tham gia kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Gi\u00e1p Tu\u1ea5t 1874), thu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m, v\u0169 kh\u00ed, qu\u00e2n trang qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c v.v... Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ea3 t\u1ec9nh, t\u0103ng th\u00eam thanh th\u1ebf cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi, h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng tham gia gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, b\u1ecdn quan l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tay sai cho b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t phen khi\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea3m. Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh xong nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, L\u00ea Ninh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u00edt qu\u00e2n gi\u1eef th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng, giao cho Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ec9 huy chung cho c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng. C\u00f2n m\u00ecnh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n l\u00ean Ph\u00fa Gia - H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea b\u00e1o ti\u1ec7p. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua H\u00e0m Nghi phong ch\u1ee9c Bang bi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Trung L\u1ec5, ch\u1ed1t gi\u1eef con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch th\u00f4ng l\u00ean v\u00f9ng n\u00fai H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea n\u1ed1i sang Ngh\u1ec7 An. Nh\u00ecn chung, bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng trong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed th\u1ebf cho phong tr\u00e0o. Tuy v\u1eady khi qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn cha c\u1ed1 Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecdn quan l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng tay sai, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng Vinh (Ngh\u1ec7 An) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u00f4n t\u00ednh d\u1ea7n t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, giao th\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. Do v\u1eady c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y b\u1ecb uy hi\u1ebfp. C\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Trung L\u1ec5, \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7, ph\u1ea3i d\u1eddi l\u00ean v\u00f9ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, v\u00f9ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o, Tru\u00f4ng Xai v.v... b\u1ecb uy hi\u1ebfp. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 tr\u1eadn Y\u00ean Nhi\u00ean (g\u1ea7n n\u00fai N\u00e0i - x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ea1i N\u00e0i), Ho\u00e0ng gi\u00e1p Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u00ednh b\u1ecb t\u1eed tr\u1eadn; tr\u1eadn H\u1ea1 Ho\u00e0ng (nay l\u00e0 Th\u1ea1ch Trung, Th\u1ea1ch H\u1ea1) g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 th\u1edd V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, \u201cVoi b\u1ecb sa l\u1ea7y, ch\u1ebft c\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n l\u1eabn voi, s\u00fang b\u1eafn l\u1ea1i t\u1ecbt ng\u00f2i...\u201d (V\u00e8 th\u1ea5t tr\u1eadn), ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui. Ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf v\u00f9ng Hoang L\u00e8o, Hoang Li\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 V\u0129nh L\u1ea1i (nay l\u00e0 C\u1ea9m V\u0129nh) c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o V\u1ea1n Th\u00e0nh k\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng, hai b\u00ean qu\u1ea7n nhau \u00e1c li\u1ec7t t\u1eed th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u. Tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y ph\u00eda ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u00f3 v\u1ecb v\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 t\u00ean Trang 389","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0129nh Thi\u1ec7ng ch\u1ebft ch\u00e9m t\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn (hi\u1ec7n trong v\u00f9ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1ecb uy hi\u1ebfp, t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef n\u1ed5i, Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong b\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1eddi v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u00fai \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u00e2u c\u00f9ng Ho\u00e0ng B\u00e1 Xuy\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ri\u00eang c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kim ng\u00e2n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u01a1 t\u00e1n sang c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Y\u00ean \u1ed0c, Quy\u1ebft Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c, Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n. To\u00e0n x\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng. H\u00f4m sau b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m ph\u00e1 s\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ed1t s\u1ea1ch. Sau khi c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfm, c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Tru\u00f4ng Xai v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u00e2u c\u0169ng b\u1ecb uy hi\u1ebfp n\u1eb7ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi em ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n b\u1ecb t\u1eed tr\u1eadn. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hoang mang dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, mu\u1ed1n khuy\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n ra \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. Gi\u1eb7c l\u1ea1i phao tin n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng ra \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u00d4ng ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng gi\u1eb7c, v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ebfu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef n\u1ed5i th\u00ec s\u1ebd r\u00fat qu\u00e2n lu\u1ed3n r\u1eebng l\u00ean v\u00f9ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. Bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng lung l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ch\u00fang b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft c\u00f3c \u00f4ng. Bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hi\u1ebfu, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 con tr\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y gi\u1ed7 th\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng v\u1ec1 qua nh\u00e0, n\u00ean b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt s\u1eafp s\u1eb5n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u00f4ng. Qu\u1ea3 v\u1eady, ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 9 th\u00e1ng 11 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 k\u1ef5 nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ph\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 qua nh\u00e0 th\u1eafp h\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0y k\u1ef5 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0nh l\u00f2ng. Suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1eafn \u0111o k\u1ef9, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd gh\u00e9 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 v\u00e0o t\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 9 th\u00e1ng 11 (\u00e2m l\u1ecbch). Khi v\u1ec1, \u00f4ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng cho ai bi\u1ebft. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam, v\u1eeba b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u1ed5ng l\u00e0ng th\u00ec \u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn m\u1eadt th\u00e1m b\u1eaft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 giam t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 lao H\u00e0 T\u0129nh trong hai tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y ch\u00fang d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o d\u1ee5 d\u1ed7 mua chu\u1ed9c, r\u1ed3i tra t\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng, m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. S\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 11 ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3i \u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u00e2u. Khi g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi n\u01a1i, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e8o l\u00ean c\u00e2y cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm h\u01b0\u1edbng. Khi \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e2y cao, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi ch\u1eedi m\u1eafng b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00f4 to \u0111\u1ec3 cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00f3ng u\u1ebf l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c. Gi\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng s\u00fang b\u1eafn \u00f4ng r\u01a1i Trang 390","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng c\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1ebft. Gi\u1eb7c b\u1ecf x\u00e1c \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xua qu\u00e2n s\u1ee5c s\u1ea1o \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1eaft s\u1ed1 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u00f2n \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p trong r\u1eebng. Th\u1eeba l\u00fac b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c \u0111ang s\u1ee5c s\u1ea1o trong r\u1eebng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt thu gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0i \u00f4ng. Khi b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u00ecm kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, tr\u1eddi l\u1ea1i s\u1eafp t\u1ed1i, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e0nh r\u00fat qu\u00e2n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. V\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau khi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1m y\u00ean, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n x\u00e3 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o do \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Th\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o t\u1eadn v\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1eadu t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm. Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c gi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu gi\u1ea5u, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Th\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u1eb7p d\u00e2n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 l\u00fd do, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd cho v\u00e0o nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng. V\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed1t ru\u1ed3i to n\u00ean r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Th\u01b0\u1edbng cho \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 qu\u00e0n t\u1ea1i qu\u00ea nh\u00e0. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i b\u00ed m\u1eadt. V\u00e0o n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m Ng\u1ecd (1942), \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb v\u00e0 t\u00f4n vinh v\u1ecb ch\u00ed s\u0129 c\u1ee7a qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 tu\u1eabn ti\u1ebft v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 60 n\u0103m Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n \u0111\u1eadu C\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n x\u00e3 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd v\u00e0 tr\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 tang \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u201cH\u1ed3ng l\u00f4 t\u1ef1 khanh, T\u00e1n l\u00fd Qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n\u201d, C\u1eed nh\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n, t\u1eeb n\u01a1i qu\u00e0n t\u1ea1m v\u1ec1 an t\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n m\u1edbi l\u1eadp. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd, sau l\u0103ng m\u1ed9, ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 1A kho\u1ea3ng 20m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch C\u1ea7u Ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam kho\u1ea3ng 700m. Ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1n Quan l\u1edbn T\u00e1n (c\u00f3 khi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Quan T\u00e1n \u0110\u00f4n) hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n V\u00f5 H\u1ed9i. Ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 an t\u00e1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t trang tr\u1ecdng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn tham d\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng, b\u1ecdn quan t\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 cho m\u1eadt th\u00e1m v\u1ec1 theo d\u00f5i. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 11, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n x\u00e3 Ph\u1ea5t N\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00fang vi\u1ebfng long tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 30 n\u0103m, qua hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa. May sao ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 an t\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a x\u00e3. S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ai nh\u1eafc n\u1eefa. Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1edb sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, \u1edf th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 (19-12-1946), th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Trang 391","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u ti\u00eau th\u1ed5 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, v\u01b0\u1eddn kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 s\u01a1 t\u00e1n, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nguy\u1ec5n Cao \u0110\u00f4n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n. Tuy v\u1eady, \u201c\u00f4n c\u1ed1 tri t\u00e2n\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ch\u00fang ta h\u00f4m nay c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. Theo T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n ho\u00e1 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh s\u1ed1 76+77, th\u00e1ng 11+12-2004, tr.12- 16 ______________________________________ 1. \u0110\u1eb7ng H\u00f2a C\u1ea7m: C\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n h\u00f3a H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. NGUY\u1ec4N QU\u1ed0C KH\u00c1NH (1) M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 T\u01af LI\u1ec6U V\u1ec0 NGUY\u1ec4N TR\u1ea0CH Ti\u1ec3u d\u1eabn: \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Kh\u00e1nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng qu\u00ea v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch (Can L\u1ed9c), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 gi\u00e0 k\u1ec3 cho nghe nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ea1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Can th\u1ee9, khi phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 tan r\u00e3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 \u201cbi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t\u201d c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh vi ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c... \u00d4ng g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u m\u00e0 theo \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o. Tuy ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c h\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn xin tr\u00edch in m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc tham kh\u1ea3o. N.B.S V\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3n C\u01a1n Kh\u1ebf B\u1edfi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3n C\u01a1n Kh\u1ebf, cho n\u00ean xin s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1ea5y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, r\u1ed9ng ch\u1eebng hai c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 vu\u00f4ng, n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n r\u1eebng n\u00fai Tr\u00e0 S\u01a1n, song song v\u1edbi d\u1ea3i B\u1ee5t S\u01a1n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u00e3i R\u00f4\u1ed9ng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m b\u00e3i t\u1eadp. Nay c\u00f2n d\u1ea5u t\u00edch \u201cHang c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1\u201d g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u00e0 S\u01a1n v\u00e0 B\u1ee5t S\u01a1n c\u00e1ch nhau b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i thung l\u0169ng h\u1eb9p, h\u1ed3i \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 khe su\u1ed1i, c\u1ecf c\u00e2y hoang v\u00e0 v\u1ef1c tr\u1ed1ng. D\u1ecdc theo thung l\u0169ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1o, giao th\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Nam t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3n C\u01a1n Kh\u1ebf b\u0103ng r\u1eebng Tr\u00e0 S\u01a1n sang V\u1ee5 Quang r\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0ng. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 15A hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0 theo d\u1ea5u con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169 chia c\u00e1ch \u201ctrong r\u00fa\u201d v\u00e0 Trang 392","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u \u201cngo\u00e0i l\u00e0ng\u201d \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. T\u1eeb Khi\u00eam \u00cdch \u0111i d\u1ecdc con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y ch\u1eebng 6, 7 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3n Nam Hu\u00e2n, \u0111i ra ch\u1eebng 3,4 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p, d\u00e2n x\u00f3m tr\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng, C\u1ed1 \u00c1ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u1ea1i l\u1edbn, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n khi \u201cv\u00f4 r\u00fa\u201d, \u201cra l\u00e0ng\u201d. T\u1eeb Tr\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p \u0111i ra v\u00e0i c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 Gi\u0103m Than, \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ed3ng L\u1ea7y, h\u1ed3i \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00f9n c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u. T\u1eeb Gi\u0103m Than \u0111i v\u00e0o Tr\u00f4\u1ed9c \u0110\u00e1 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1 d\u1ef1ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecbch d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3n C\u01a1n Kh\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng l\u1ed1i n\u00e0y \u0111i t\u1eeb Trung Hanh v\u00e0o c\u0103n c\u1ee9. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111i qua x\u00f3m H\u1ed1t (thu\u1ed9c l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y) R\u00fa B\u00f9i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn Gi\u0103m Than. \u1ede x\u00f3m H\u1ed1t \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n doanh, khi ra ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0ng h\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 \u1edf t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng Cu B\u00f3i, g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 b\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nho\u1ea1n, d\u00e2n x\u00f3m H\u1ed1t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00e2n \u201cc\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1\u201d. (Tr\u1eadn \u201cC\u01a1m S\u1ebb\u201d l\u1eeba b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed9i tu\u1ea7n binh 12 ng\u01b0\u1eddi - m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t - c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3n L\u00e1c di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng Cu B\u00f3i). Ngo\u00e0i Gi\u0103m Than l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n \u201ctrong r\u00fa\u201d, \u201cngo\u00e0i l\u00e0ng\u201d di\u1ec5n ra trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n trong to\u00e0n huy\u1ec7n. *** Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 hai anh em ru\u1ed9t. Khi tham gia ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed1c bi\u1ec7n (\u0111\u1ed1c binh - n\u1eafm to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n) ch\u1ec9 huy Can th\u1ee9. V\u00ec v\u1eady trong d\u00e2n gian g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh. C\u00f2n Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ec1 binh - \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1eadn - ph\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 huy Can th\u1ee9. V\u00ec v\u1eady nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch - c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1. Tuy l\u00e0 anh em ru\u1ed9t, c\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n \u201ctrai ph\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea1i...\u201d, c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u201cNam c\u1eadn s\u01a1n...\u201d, c\u00f9ng v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc, kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 r\u1eebng r\u00fa, v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng tham gia ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh \u0111i\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ea1m, t\u1eeb t\u1ed1n, ch\u00edn ch\u1eafn, c\u00f3 ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c, c\u00f2n \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch th\u00ec hung h\u00e3n, n\u00f3ng n\u1ea9y, ham g\u00e1i, tham ti\u1ec1n, l\u1eafm m\u1eb9o \u0103n tr\u1ed9m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111a nghi. Khi \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 huy Can th\u1ee9, m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. Khi \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh r\u1eddi Can th\u1ee9 r\u1ed3i m\u1ea5t, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch l\u00ean thay, \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 huy Can th\u1ee9, th\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c tung ho\u00e0nh g\u00e2y n\u00ean bao nhi\u00eau kinh ho\u00e0ng, d\u00e2n g\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u201clo\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1\u201d. R\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh r\u1eddi Can th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi sinh, \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi \u201clo\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1\u201d b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0o. S\u00e1ch L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trang 393","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh (t.1, Nxb Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh, 1984) ghi: \u201cCu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1892 \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Khi\u00eam \u00cdch l\u00e0 Samaran s\u1ee5c s\u1ea1o c\u0103n c\u1ee9... Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eed tr\u1eadn...\u201d S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ecba ch\u00ed Can L\u1ed9c (S\u1edf VH H\u00e0 T\u0129nh xb. 1999) l\u1ea1i ghi: \u201cTh\u00e1ng 10-1890 sau tr\u1eadn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n Nam Hu\u00e2n, Nguy\u1ec5n Chanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed v\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 K\u1ef3 Anh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 hi sinh trong tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh V\u1ecdng Li\u1ec5u...\u201d. Th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n. V\u1eady \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tham gia di\u1ec7t t\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Samaran trong tr\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e0n l\u1ea7n hai (theo s\u00e1ch Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, 1960 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 1893-1894). Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Cai Manh v\u00e0 C\u1ea3 Hoan. Nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh c\u00f3 tham gia di\u1ec7t to\u00e1n qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3n L\u00e1c hay kh\u00f4ng? S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ecba ch\u00ed Can L\u1ed9c n\u00f3i: \u201c... \u00d4ng Chanh \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e1 h\u00e0ng Bang Thu\u1ef5, r\u1ed3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3n L\u00e1c tay ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Bang Thu\u1ef5, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ch\u1ee5c kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang T\u00e2y...\u201d (c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00f3i l\u00e0 12 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang). Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u1ea5y trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn \u201cC\u01a1m S\u1ebb\u201d, kh\u00f4ng nghe nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh. Chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau: To\u00e1n qu\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3n L\u00e1c c\u00f3 12 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trang b\u1ecb s\u00fang \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00f3m H\u1ed1t. C\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1 m\u1edf ti\u1ec7c chi\u00eau \u0111\u00e3i t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng Cu B\u00f3i. B\u1ecdn l\u00ednh v\u00e0o d\u1ef1. S\u00fang \u1ed1ng d\u1ef1ng ngo\u00e0i s\u00e2n. Trong 12 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Qu\u1ea3n L\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf l\u00e0ng Th\u00f4ng L\u01b0u, ng\u1ed3i \u0103n, th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 con nh\u1ec7n sa tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t. Linh c\u1ea3m c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1m x\u1ea5u, \u00f4ng ta v\u1edd \u0111au b\u1ee5ng \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i. \u1ede trong nh\u00e0, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e0 ng\u00e0 say. C\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1 g\u1ecdi: \u201cC\u00e1c con! cho C\u01a1m S\u1ebb l\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y!\u201d. \u201cC\u01a1m S\u1ebb\u201d l\u00e0 \u00e1m hi\u1ec7u. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n binh c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1 \u00f9a ra, b\u1eaft 11 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Qu\u1ea3n L\u00e1c v\u00e0 thu 12 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang, khi Can th\u1ee9 c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu s\u00fang - nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 m\u01b0u k\u1ebf \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh, c\u00f2n \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i. D\u00f9 chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c nhau theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ec3, tr\u1eadn \u201cC\u01a1m S\u1ebb\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Can th\u1ee9: ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbch, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, thanh th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u201cc\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1\u201d c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vang d\u1ed9i, sau khi \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi Can th\u1ee9. Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, ch\u1ec9 sai s\u00f3t th\u00eam b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch. Khi c\u00f2n \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh. Khi \u0110\u1ed1c Chanh v\u00e0o K\u1ef3 Anh r\u1ed3i, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n Cao Th\u1eafng \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3n V\u1ee5 Quang, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 huy Can th\u1ee9. C\u00f2n \u201cl\u00e1 c\u1edd ngh\u0129a\u201d, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng xa x\u00f4i nh\u01b0 c\u1ee5 Phan, Trang 394","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea5t ph\u1edbi tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Th\u00e0nh th\u1eed \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh tung ho\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Can L\u1ed9c. Ta c\u0169ng l\u01b0u \u00fd th\u00eam, th\u1eddi \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n phong ki\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u00f4n, x\u00e3, t\u1ed5ng huy\u1ec7n... \u0111\u00e3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang trong l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ba ch\u1ee9c s\u1eafc ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n: ph\u00f3 l\u00fd, cai x\u00e3, ch\u00e1nh t\u1ed5ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Can th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o h\u1ecd m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3n binh Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o trong huy\u1ec7n. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u201cc\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1\u201d song song v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n phong ki\u1ebfn. \u201cTh\u1ef1c t\u00fac binh c\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d l\u00e0 qui lu\u1eadt. Khi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n r\u1eebng r\u1ef1c ch\u00e1y tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp Thanh, Ngh\u1ec7, T\u0129nh, B\u00ecnh, th\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u0169ng s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng chu c\u1ea5p nu\u00f4i qu\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0ng khi tho\u00e1i tr\u00e0o, v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch th\u00ec t\u1eeb khi m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh cai qu\u1ea3n Can th\u1ee9, k\u1ef7 c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m kinh t\u00e0i \u201cl\u1ea1c quy\u00ean c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c\u201d. Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbp, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m binh m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ma thu\u1eadt th\u1eddi \u0103n tr\u1ed9m khoai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ecba ch\u00ed Can L\u1ed9c vi\u1ebft: \u201c\u0110\u00eam \u0111\u00eam \u0111i l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u v\u1ec1 chia cho d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u0103ng tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp do \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u, khi c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a v\u1ec1, tr\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng, chia ph\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u00e0n em. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, khi \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n C\u01a1n Kh\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n binh \u201c... kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u0169ng nhi\u1ec5u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o...\u201d. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch sai th\u1ee7 h\u1ea1 l\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m Long \u0111i x\u1eed \u0111\u00e1m ki\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa hai nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u \u1edf Y\u00ean \u0110i\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9ng Gi\u00e1n, \u201cthu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0103n t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t giao cho d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o l\u00e0ng Y\u00ean T\u1eadp c\u00e0y c\u1ea5y. \u0110\u1ebfn m\u00f9a, d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u00f3c n\u1ed9p v\u00e0o kho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n...\u201d. Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1edbp ru\u1ed9ng, r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t canh thu t\u00f4, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng mang ru\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Xin k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n, x\u1ea3y ra ngay trong l\u00e0ng Trung Hanh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1edbp v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft hai anh em c\u00f9ng cha kh\u00e1c m\u1eb9, gi\u00e0u c\u1ee7a v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng ch\u1eef - \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c \u00c1i v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c To\u1ea3. H\u1ed3i c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe \u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u00ednh kinh t\u00e0i th\u00e2n c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2006 t\u00f4i Trang 395","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u l\u1ea1i nghe b\u00e1c s\u0129 qu\u00e2n y Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c B\u1ea3ng, ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u t\u1ea1i V\u1ea1n M\u1ef9, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00edch t\u00f4n \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n To\u1ea3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. Khi \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c \u00c1i - \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 \u00c1i - \u0111ang d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vinh, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch cho g\u1ecdi v\u1ec1, bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i giao v\u0103n t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ru\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00d4ng \u00c1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda nh\u00e0 th\u1edd h\u1ecd, \u00f4ng \u00c1i \u0111\u00e3 nhanh tr\u00ed v\u00f2 n\u00e1t v\u0103n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ed3m nhai nu\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, b\u1eaft \u00f4ng \u00c1i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u01a1n S\u00f4\u00f4ng, gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng \u00c1i ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o r\u1eebng nh\u1eb7t x\u00e1c \u00f4ng, ch\u00f4n \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i Hay, g\u1ea7n V\u1ef1c Tr\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2006 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c B\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9 \u00f4ng b\u00e1c n\u1ed9i, c\u1ea3i t\u00e1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y m\u1ed9 cho \u00f4ng, c\u0169ng \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i Hay. Gi\u1ebft \u00f4ng \u00c1i xong, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch quay sang c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c \u00f4ng em Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c To\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft v\u0103n t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i ru\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00d4ng To\u1ea3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u00f4ng To\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i, n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0y v\u00e0o Lao B\u1ea3o. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c To\u1ea3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ea5t t\u00edch t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3. _____________________________________ 1. Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Kh\u00e1nh: Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, qu\u00ea g\u1ed1c \u1edf Can L\u1ed9c, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. C\u00f2n bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau v\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1edbp nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 v\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1edbp m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 \u1edf C\u1ed5ng Kh\u00e1nh, m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u00f4i c\u00f3 tham gia. Hay v\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 Tr\u1eeb \u1edf l\u00e0ng Tr\u00e0ng L\u01b0u b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0ng Tr\u00e0ng L\u01b0u nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i... C\u01b0\u1edbp ru\u1ed9ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00f3c g\u1ea1o, tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 th\u00ec c\u00f2n tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y, ch\u1ee9 c\u01b0\u1edbp v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau. Ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111i c\u01b0\u1edbp v\u1ec1, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o r\u1eebng Tr\u00e0 S\u01a1n ch\u00f4n gi\u1ea5u. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch tin c\u1eady giao vi\u1ec7c cho n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ai tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ecd, 95 tu\u1ed5i \u0111ang \u1edf nh\u00e0 con t\u1ea1i 20 Ng\u00f5 Th\u1ecbnh Quang, c\u0169ng k\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng (c\u1ed1 Th\u1ecd qu\u00ean t\u00ean) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch giao cho \u0111i ch\u00f4n gi\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t n\u1ed3i b\u1ea3y b\u1ea1c tr\u1eafng t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Mi\u1ebfu M\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, ch\u00f4n theo n\u1ed3i b\u1ea3y b\u1ea1c tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, xe c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi \u1ee7i \u0111\u1ea5t, san \u0111\u1ed3i, l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1. C\u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, r\u1ed3i s\u00e1t phu hi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i bi k\u1ecbch cho nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 gia d\u00ecnh t\u00f4i nghe c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 \u1edf l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y k\u1ec3, t\u00f4i Trang 396","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p n\u00f3i l\u00e0 ai? \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? ch\u1ec9 xin ph\u00e9p k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n, gi\u1ea5u t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 tr\u1ebb, \u0111\u1eb9p, kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c th\u1ea3m thi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u201can \u1ee7i\u201d b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch, l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng hi\u1ebfp ch\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu th\u00ec s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1eaft theo ch\u1ed3ng. \u201c\u00c2n hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho ch\u1ecb l\u00e0 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con trai. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 mang h\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i d\u00f5i t\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng. C\u1ea3 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft v\u1eady m\u00e0 v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1eady v\u00ec s\u1ee3 c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1. \u0110\u1ee9a con l\u1edbn l\u00ean, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n gi\u1ed7 ch\u1ed3ng, gi\u1ed7 cha th\u00ec m\u1eb9 con h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a, l\u00ean \u00e1n \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch g\u00e2y tang t\u00f3c cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb th\u00f9 truy\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp. Gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7m roi \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o m\u00f4ng k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u00f4ng Nu\u00f4i Di\u00ean c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00ednh kinh t\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i hay qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 con g\u00e1i. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch bi\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m \u00f4ng Nu\u00f4i Di\u00ean v\u1eeba v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3n, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch ch\u1eb3ng n\u00f3i ch\u1eb3ng r\u1eb1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00f4i ra gi\u1ebft lu\u00f4n. Xin n\u00f3i r\u00f5, \u00f4ng Nu\u00f4i Di\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i n\u00e0y. L\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng, v\u00f4 c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n l\u00e0 khi \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n sinh, quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n C\u01a1n Kh\u1ebf, \u1edf ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0ng Trung Hanh, \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y, ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n binh. Khi \u0111\u1ed3n C\u01a1n Kh\u1ebf, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Can th\u1ee9 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch k\u00e9o h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o V\u1ef1c \u00d4\u1ed1c, v\u00f9ng gi\u00e1p gi\u1edbi ba huy\u1ec7n Can L\u1ed9c, Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e0, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, thi\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 t\u00fac \u0111\u00e0o c\u1ee7, h\u00e1i rau \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. B\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ebft ngay. Hay c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ecf ra u\u1ec3 o\u1ea3i, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng gi\u1ebft, \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang n\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 theo T\u00e2y\u201d. Tuy v\u1eady c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed1n tr\u1ea1i \u0111i v\u00e0o r\u1eebng hay v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng l\u1ea9n tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. L\u1ea1i khi \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng - s\u1ebd n\u00f3i k\u1ef9 sau, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch t\u1eadp h\u1ecdp qu\u00e2n binh l\u1ea1i, ra l\u1ec7nh: \u201cAi \u0111i theo c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. Ai th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ee3 nh\u1edb con, mu\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00ean\u201d. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ee3 nh\u1edb con \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ebft h\u1ebft. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u1ea5y m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch v\u1eabn c\u00f2n lo: \u201cCho ch\u00fang n\u00f3 v\u1ec1, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n c\u1ee5!\u201d. Trang 397","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u Ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ebft binh l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ed3i. L\u1ea1i c\u00f2n bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft oan d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee1i ki\u1ebfm, m\u0169i m\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch n\u1eefa. Theo l\u1eddi c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ecd (n\u0103n bat \u0111\u00e3 96 tu\u1ed5i qu\u00ea l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y, hi\u1ec7n \u1edf v\u1edbi con trai nh\u00e0 s\u1ed1 20, ng\u00f5 Th\u1ecbnh Quang, qu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh t\u1eadp \u0111i qua b\u00e3i Gi\u0103m Than, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 sai m\u1ed9t l\u00ednh \u0111ao ph\u1ee7 t\u00ean l\u00e0 R\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u00f4\u1ed9c \u0110\u00e1 gi\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a R\u1ea1ng c\u00f9n qu\u00e1, ch\u00e9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9t, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh t\u1eadp \u1ea5y ra c\u1ee9a c\u1ed5, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed5 l\u1ee3n, m\u1ed5 b\u00f2. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111i qua b\u00e3i Gi\u0103m Than, \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u00e1o d\u00e2y \u0111eo Th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1edf c\u1ed5 ra, b\u1ecf xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u01b0\u1edbc qua. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 \u1ea5y kh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng ch\u1ed1i t\u1eeb. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, n\u00e9m x\u00e1c xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ed3ng L\u1ea7y. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9m bao nhi\u00eau x\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ed3ng L\u1ea7y m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay nghe v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp trong b\u00e0i v\u00e8 c\u1ed1 Tri\u1ec3n Tho\u1ea1i \u1edf x\u00f3m Gi\u00e0 Lam, khuy\u00ean b\u00e0 con \u0111\u1eebng l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u1ea5y. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft \u1edf b\u00e3i Gi\u0103m Than m\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y d\u0103m b\u1ea3y n\u0103m, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 cho \u0111\u00e0o ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 v\u00f4 ch\u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb san l\u1ea5p t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. v.v\u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5, r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm hoi, \u201cc\u1ee5\u201d \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi can \u201cc\u1ee5\u201d l\u1ea1i tha. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi can m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch nghe theo l\u00e0 b\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nho\u1ea1n, g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng Cu B\u00f3i \u1edf x\u00f3m H\u1ed1t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ebft c\u1ed1 B\u1ec9nh, ph\u00f3 l\u00fd l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y. V\u00ec c\u1ed1 B\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee9c gi\u1ecfi, cai x\u00e3, ch\u00e1nh t\u1ed5ng c\u0169ng k\u00ednh n\u1ec3, d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng n\u00ean \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch ng\u1edd \u00f4ng ph\u00f3 l\u00fd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi ph\u00f3 l\u00fd hay \u0111i l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nho\u1ea1n can: \u201cC\u1ee5 gi\u1ebft n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 x\u00f3m Gi\u00e0 Lam, g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u1ecd Nguy\u1ec5n S\u0129 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ea5t d\u00e2n x\u00f3m Gi\u00e0 Lam th\u00ec c\u1ee5 l\u1ea5y ai che ch\u1eafn cho c\u1ee5 khi gi\u1eb7c \u1edf Ch\u1ee3 Gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0o. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1eabn c\u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean n\u00f3 th\u00ec m\u1eb7c n\u00f3, ch\u1edb n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho c\u1ee5\u201d. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch nghe theo. L\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ebft c\u1ed1 Ph\u1ea1m Khuy\u1ec1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh kinh t\u00e0i th\u00e2n c\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec c\u1ed1 Ph\u1ea1m Khuy\u1ec1n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch: \u201cTh\u01b0a th\u1ea7y, th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 ch\u00fang ta \u0111i l\u00e0m gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 giang s\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5 \u0110\u00ecnh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i giang s\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 ta. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 l\u1ea1i \u0111i c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n, li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u1ea5y th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 ta c\u00f3 gi\u1eef n\u1ed5i Trang 398","Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng. Chi b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eebng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u00e0m kinh t\u00e0i, l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 n\u1eefa\u201d. L\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch th\u1ea3ng th\u1ed1t, v\u00ec x\u01b0a nay ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ai d\u00e1m \u201cn\u00f3i h\u1ed7n\u201d v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean gi\u1eadn d\u1eef v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ebft. B\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nho\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i can: \u201cC\u1ee5 gi\u1ebft qu\u1ea3n Khuy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 h\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh. Qu\u1ea3n Khuy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 con b\u00f2 v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5, sao c\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111i\u201d. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00f4i do\u1ea1 n\u00f3 th\u00f4i, ch\u1ee9 t\u00f4i gi\u1ebft n\u00f3 sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch nghe l\u1eddi b\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nho\u1ea1n v\u00ec nh\u00e0 b\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf tin c\u1eady v\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i b\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch trong nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c. *** Ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch trong m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 gi\u1ebft ngh\u0129a s\u0129 D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0o n\u00f3i t\u1edbi. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. Khi \u0111\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh t\u1eadp I t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 huy Can th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng Duy D\u1eeb, t\u00f4i ng\u1ee1 h\u1ecd D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1eafc D\u01b0\u01a1ng Duy D\u1eeb c\u0169ng l\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u (b\u00ed danh). Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n v\u00e2n v\u00ec v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i, t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i nghe c\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ed3 Th\u1ecd n\u00f3i r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, v\u00ec c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ch\u00fa, b\u00e1c h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u00e2n sinh c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch h\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u l\u00e0 con m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 go\u00e1. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c. Khi c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 tan r\u00e3 d\u1ea7n, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf trong Voi, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m qu\u00e2n. Ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cT\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n\u201d, ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n hai t\u1ec9nh (c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh?). \u00d4ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra v\u00f9ng Tr\u1ea1i Th\u00e1p g\u1eb7p \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch, th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch: D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eef cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00e0 T\u0129nh. D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u c\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 \u0110\u00e8o Ngang, kh\u00f4ng cho qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y, Tri\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua; \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch c\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 m\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng Lam, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ebf n\u00fai r\u1eebng Tr\u00e0 S\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. \u0110\u00fang ng\u00e0y h\u1eb9n, D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u k\u00e9o 50 qu\u00e2n binh h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb trong Voi ra Can L\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i th\u1ec1. \u0110o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n D\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u \u0111i ra \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee3 M\u00f2i th\u00ec \u0110\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea1ch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i, Trang 399"]