Dau tranh chong cac quan diem, luan dieu xuyen tac

["Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 349 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo B\u00e1c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 05-CT\/TW ng\u00e0y 15-5-2016 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f3a XII v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng UNESCO h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf danh hi\u1ec7u Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Anh h\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 vinh danh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c UNESCO trao t\u1eb7ng danh hi\u1ec7u Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Anh h\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c cho Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh tr\u00ean trang Wikipedia. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u201ch\u1ea1 b\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m, c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u1edbi uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang, ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o, l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u, h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u00f4ng qua ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb L\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 k\u00ednh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng, B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. Nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n, tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u1eb1m \u201ch\u1ea1 b\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111ang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u01a1 s\u1edf, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i theo qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a.","350 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... Hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi, khi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u to l\u1edbn, v\u1ecb th\u1ebf v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, \u201ch\u1ea1 b\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. L\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea3ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb L\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 - ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cha k\u00ednh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an ninh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u00e0y. Theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0, tham m\u01b0u cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea3ng, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n trong c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao \u0111\u1eb9p trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c phong ph\u00fa, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh theo tinh th\u1ea7n Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 05-CT\/TW ng\u00e0y 15-5-2016 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f3a XII, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, c\u1ea5p \u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, phong ph\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh phong tr\u00e0o; \u0111\u01b0a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0o sinh ho\u1ea1t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3ng, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3; coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb hi\u1ec7n nay. L\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 351 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, b\u00ecnh x\u00e9t, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. G\u1eafn k\u1ebft phong tr\u00e0o \u201cH\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, phong c\u00e1ch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\u201d v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0 phong tr\u00e0o \u201cTo\u00e0n d\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u201d, phong tr\u00e0o \u201cX\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3i, gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o\u201d, phong tr\u00e0o \u201cTo\u00e0n d\u00e2n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an ninh T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c\u201d... Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc, b\u1eadc h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u00f4n l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, cao \u0111\u1eb3ng, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u00f4n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. C\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t, phong ph\u00fa, nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ch\u00ednh kh\u00f3a v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i sinh ho\u1ea1t ngo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a, c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m, giao l\u01b0u, trao \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c thi, tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n..., \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa cho sinh vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh... v\u00e0o b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n cho sinh vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh. N\u1ed9i dung gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao \u0111\u1eb9p trong \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hy sinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 cha anh, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u201c\u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng","352 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Hai l\u00e0, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u1eafm t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm \u00e2m m\u01b0u, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u1eafm t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm \u00e2m m\u01b0u, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, \u201ch\u1ea1 b\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1ea5u tranh. Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u1eafm t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, c\u01a1 quan an ninh c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, t\u1eeb xa, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 x\u1ea5u v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, gi\u00fap c\u01a1 quan an ninh tham m\u01b0u, ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an ninh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung n\u1eafm \u00e2m m\u01b0u, \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00e2u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh (2-9), k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m sinh nh\u1eadt B\u00e1c (19-5)... \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u00fa \u00fd n\u1eafm c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c, th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fa \u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (v\u00e0 c\u00f3","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 353 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng), nh\u01b0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng internet, c\u00e1c trang web... C\u1ea7n v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fa \u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. Ba l\u00e0, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng - l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, b\u1ecdn c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng - l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 trong s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap cho m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, \u00e2m m\u01b0u, th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n, s\u1ef1 d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1, b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t, xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 \u201c\u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng\u201d v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 x\u1ea5u do s\u1ef1 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c g\u00e2y ra. C\u01a1 quan an ninh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd lu\u1eadn trong ng\u00e0nh, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng tin, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u00e2m m\u01b0u, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c, \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh trong t\u1eebng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p,","354 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m, tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u01a1 quan an ninh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, ban, ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 Ban Tuy\u00ean gi\u00e1o Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u1ed9 Th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb (B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng)..., t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, nh\u1eefng trang m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u201cc\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t\u201d n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u1ed9i dung, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u1ea7n tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, ph\u00e1t huy \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang trong \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 chuy\u00ean gia g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 tham m\u01b0u cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng - l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m sai tr\u00e1i, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 t\u00ednh khoa h\u1ecdc, th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c. B\u1ed1n l\u00e0, v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch m\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an ninh c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an ninh c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n, t\u00e1n ph\u00e1t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, h\u1ed3i k\u00fd, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt...","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 355 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c th\u00e2n th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng qua ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn \u1edf n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, sinh ho\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 h\u1ed9i c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh, h\u1ed9i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 v\u0103n th\u01a1, c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 h\u01b0u tr\u00ed... ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, r\u0103n \u0111e, c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch x\u00f3a b\u1ecf \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m x\u00f3i m\u00f2n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c, th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u201c\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n\u201d, \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf\u201d m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng, qua \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u00e2ng cao c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh n\u00e0y, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an ninh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u0169i ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 trong s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.","KH\u00d4NG TH\u1ec2 PH\u1ee6 NH\u1eacN T\u1ea6M V\u00d3C V\u00c0 \u00dd NGH\u0128A TH\u1edcI \u0110\u1ea0I C\u1ee6A C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG TH\u00c1NG T\u00c1M N\u0102M 1945 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1, ThS. NGUY\u1ec4N \u0110\u1ee8C TH\u1eaeNG* Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh anh d\u0169ng, ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01b0\u1edbc sang k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi - k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Song, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, b\u00f4i nh\u1ecd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c; ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, vu c\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea3ng ta v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1, xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, qua \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, ph\u00e1 tung xi\u1ec1ng x\u00edch h\u01a1n 80 n\u0103m th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1eadt nh\u00e0o _______________ * Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n v\u0103n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 357 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf phong ki\u1ebfn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, n\u1eeda phong ki\u1ebfn, l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m rung chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng to l\u1edbn, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u sai tr\u00e1i, ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng; nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u00f5 \u0111o\u00e1n cho r\u1eb1ng, \u201cC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0103n may c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Minh\u201d (!). Theo l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 nhanh tay c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt, khi qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt (!). Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00e2m th\u00f9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00ec tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n vu c\u00e1o: \u201cVi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m\u201d (!); ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng v\u00e0o h\u00f9a v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 tung ra lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u: \u201cC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m l\u00e0 do tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d; \u201cd\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00e0 \u00edt t\u1ed1n x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u. S\u1ef1 hao t\u1ed5n x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 do \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n g\u00e2y ra\u201d (!). G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebb m\u1ea1o danh \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d \u0111\u00f2i xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m. Ch\u00fang \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3","358 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m do \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta mang l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u201cl\u00e1 m\u1eb7t, l\u00e1 tr\u00e1i\u201d, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1ecf ra b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n, c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, qu\u00e1 kh\u00edch khi t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p trong nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, nh\u00f3m n\u1ecd t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u201cv\u00ec ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a\u201d, \u201cv\u00ec t\u1ef1 do d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d, \u201cv\u00ec nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i, tr\u1eafng \u0111en m\u00e0 tung ra lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n, h\u1eb1n h\u1ecdc, b\u1ec9 \u1ed5i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTh\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 cay \u0111\u1eafng. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 tay nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nhanh ch\u00f3ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n\u201d (!). Ch\u00fang vu c\u00e1o nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u01a1i v\u00e0o \u201cth\u1ea3m h\u1ecda\u201d hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p (1945-1954) v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 (1954-1975), khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ph\u00e1, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ph\u00e2n ly v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i, l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu... l\u00e0 do \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m (!). Theo ch\u00fang, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u1ea1ch ra m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xin \u201cch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c\u201d trao tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u00ec Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1edbi ph\u1ed3n vinh (!)... V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m sai tr\u00e1i, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, s\u1ef1 suy di\u1ec5n thi\u1ebfu c\u0103n c\u1ee9, c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00eau tr\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng ch\u00fang mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, b\u1ebb h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, d\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1ee1i u\u1ed1n cong s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1 b\u1ec7 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a L\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng ta trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945? \u0110\u1eb1ng sau m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m\u1ea5t ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea3ng ta, h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e1i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111i theo qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a? V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1, b\u00f4i nh\u1ecd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 359 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, qua \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y, ngay sau khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng 1930-1931 v\u00e0 1936-1939. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai cu\u1ed9c d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. Th\u00e1ng 9-1939, Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai n\u1ed5 ra, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ea3ng ta chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. Th\u00e1ng 5-1941, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng kh\u00f3a I \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cTrong l\u00fac n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ed1c gia d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu m\u00e3i ki\u1ebfp ng\u1ef1a tr\u00e2u, m\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, giai c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea1n n\u0103m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d1. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Ng\u00e0y 9-3-1945, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng _______________ 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, 2000, t.7, tr.113.","360 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng ta ra b\u1ea3n Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt - Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. C\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta g\u1ea5p r\u00fat ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n l\u1ea5y th\u1eddi c\u01a1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y 01-7-1945, \u1ee6y ban Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 ra L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi, trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u00eau r\u00f5: \u201cTi\u1ebfng s\u00fang du k\u00edch kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt \u0111ang n\u1ed5 k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t. Phong tr\u00e0o du k\u00edch \u0111ang lan tr\u00e0n ra c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du v\u00e0 trung du B\u1eafc K\u1ef3. Qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i,... C\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ec1 vai s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i th\u00f9 chung\u201d1. Ng\u00e0y 14-8-1945, Nh\u1eadt ho\u00e0ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh, Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 L\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i v\u00e0 c\u1eed ra \u1ee6y ban kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Ng\u00e0y 16-8-1945, Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee6y ban gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam (t\u1ee9c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi) do L\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \u201cKh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 gay go tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o v\u00e0 ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft. Kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i cho ta. Ki\u00ean _______________ 1. V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng (t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1930 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8-1945), Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1969, tr.297.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 361 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d1. Ngay trong ng\u00e0y 16-8-1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc: \u201cGi\u1edd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady \u0111em s\u1ee9c ta m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng cho ta\u201d2. C\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u201cd\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y c\u1ea3 d\u00e3y Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft gi\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng l\u00ean. Ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y n\u1eeda th\u00e1ng, cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1t x\u00edt c\u00f9ng tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh phong ki\u1ebfn, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0y 2-9-1945, t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ba \u0110\u00ecnh (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i), Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh long tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ra \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi, l\u00e0 ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ea7u con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi. C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ra \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh giai c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ea7y hy sinh, gian kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee9u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi th\u1ea3m c\u1ea3nh \u201cm\u1ed9t c\u1ed5 hai tr\u00f2ng\u201d \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u201clong tr\u1eddi, l\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t\u201d \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cho B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i - v\u1ecb vua cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a _______________ 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, 2000, t.7, tr.561. 2. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, t.3, tr.596.","362 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng th\u1ed1t l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTh\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u00e2n m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f2n h\u01a1n l\u00e0m vua m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba\u201d. V\u00ec v\u1eady, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eed gia ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00e2u nay v\u1eabn r\u00eau rao, r\u1eb1ng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 \u0103n may c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Minh\u201d, l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m phi l\u00fd, xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n, cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 g\u00ec th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m h\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba nh\u1ecf y\u1ebfu, m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n s\u00e2u, b\u00e1m r\u1ec5 g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. H\u1ecd ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p trong M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 L\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. C\u00e1c s\u1eed gia ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00e2u nay v\u1eabn t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee7 b\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c, t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng, \u201c\u0111em s\u1ee9c ta \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng cho ta\u201d, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh b\u00e1m gi\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 x\u00fay cho lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u \u201cVi\u1ec7t Minh nhanh tay c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tung ra lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt n\u1eafm v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1eddi c\u01a1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng (\u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c gia, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c). C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau r\u00f5, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi nay mu\u1ed1n gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi c\u01a1,","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 363 ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft n\u1eafm gi\u1eef th\u1eddi c\u01a1. B\u1edfi th\u1eddi c\u01a1 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ch quan di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Th\u1eddi c\u01a1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00e0ng qu\u00fd v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi x\u1ea3y ra. Khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi c\u01a1 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ch\u01b0a s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft, th\u00ec th\u1eddi c\u01a1 s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng qua \u0111i. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh, Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai k\u1ebft th\u00fac, th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u201cng\u00e0n n\u0103m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n ch\u1edbp l\u1ea5y th\u1eddi c\u01a1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch mau l\u1eb9, kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang l\u00e0m n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cs\u1ef1 \u0103n may\u201d, c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cVi\u1ec7t Minh nhanh tay c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 r\u00eau rao l\u00e2u nay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eed gia t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00e2m th\u00f9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 vu c\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea3ng ta l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng chuy\u00ean ch\u00ednh v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xin \u201cch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c\u201d r\u1ee7 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng trao tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u201chao ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a\u201d, k\u00e9o l\u00f9i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m (!). Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, b\u00f4i nh\u1ecd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1eafng thay \u0111en, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, h\u00f2ng g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng","364 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u1ebb vang c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta, c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 vu c\u00e1o c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng c\u1ea3 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea3 bi\u1ebft bao anh h\u00f9ng, li\u1ec7t s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc m\u00e1u x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh v\u00e0 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u00fang cam t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch ra s\u1ee9c \u201cb\u1eafn \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ec9 \u1ed5i; cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5 x\u00fay cho m\u1ecdi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00e2m th\u00f9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ch\u1eb3ng l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai, h\u1ecda ch\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eb9 d\u1ea1 c\u1ea3 tin, thi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00f9a theo m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u201cnhai \u0111i nhai l\u1ea1i\u201d c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u201ct\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn\u201d, \u201ct\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u201d n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 ta trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cdi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u201cti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u00ean tr\u1eddi\u201d. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh lan t\u1ecfa c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi, M\u1ef9 Latinh \u0111ang b\u1ecb c\u00f9m tr\u00f3i trong v\u00f2ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t, l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TS. Sanomish Dashtsevel (M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5) nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh trong b\u00e0i tham lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1i","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 365 H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX\u201d t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (th\u00e1ng 9-2000): \u201cC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u to l\u1edbn trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d. Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta sau khi tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng th\u00f9 trong, gi\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i su\u1ed1t 30 n\u0103m r\u00f2ng r\u00e3, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n hi\u1ec3m nguy, c\u00f3 l\u00fac t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 \u201cng\u00e0n c\u00e2n treo s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c\u201d. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 n\u0103m 1954 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eafng m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1975 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. V.I.L\u00eanin - l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: \u201cM\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7\u201d1. C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a nh\u00f2a, ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. _______________ 1. V.I. L\u00eanin: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, 1977, t.37, tr.145.","366 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... Nh\u1eefng ai c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh quay l\u01b0ng, ngo\u1ea3nh m\u1eb7t, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u201cb\u1eafn\u201d v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u1eaft \u201cgieo gi\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i g\u1eb7p b\u00e3o\u201d. M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u ch\u00e2m ng\u00f4n r\u1eb1ng, \u201cN\u1ebfu ai b\u1eafn v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 b\u1eb1ng s\u00fang l\u1ee5c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd b\u1eafn v\u00e0o h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c\u201d s\u1ebd l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3, \u0111ang v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c, \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam.","367 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH PH\u1ea2N B\u00c1C C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U SAI TR\u00c1I, TH\u00d9 \u0110\u1ecaCH V\u1ec0 \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG L\u1ed0I PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N KINH T\u1ebe TH\u1eca TR\u01af\u1edcNG \u0110\u1ecaNH H\u01af\u1edaNG X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I CH\u1ee6 NGH\u0128A \u1ede VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110\u1ea1i \u00fay, TS. L\u00ca TH\u1ebe C\u01af\u01a0NG* Trung \u00fay B\u00d9I TH\u1eca H\u00c0** Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u sai tr\u00e1i, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u00e2m m\u01b0u v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cdi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u201ct\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn\u201d, \u201ct\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u201d trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ni\u1ec1m tin, s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng trong \u0110\u1ea3ng, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay. 1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a - m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u01a1n 30 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta nh\u1eadn _______________ *, ** Khoa Kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb C\u00f4ng an nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.","368 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... th\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u00f5 v\u00e0 s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta quan ni\u1ec7m kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t huy. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, \u0110\u1ea3ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. M\u1ed1c son l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i VI c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng quy lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1ch quan. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m, khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 quan trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung quan li\u00eau, bao c\u1ea5p qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. K\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i VII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i VIII, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u201cX\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng vai tr\u00f2 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i\u201d1. _______________ 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, 2015, t.55, tr.359.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 369 \u0110\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i IX, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i g\u1eafn v\u1edbi quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 ba m\u1eb7t s\u1edf h\u1eefu, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i X c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a; \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, do nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n; x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng trong s\u1ea1ch, v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh; b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia; ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XI c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1eef v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i n\u00eau r\u00f5: N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh theo c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng","370 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi x\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3i, gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u00e2n gi\u00e0u, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1nh, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, v\u0103n minh. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c k\u1ebf th\u1eeba, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Theo \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u201cn\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 theo c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf; c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, do \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u201cd\u00e2n gi\u00e0u, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1nh, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, v\u0103n minh\u201d1. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n qua c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, \u0110\u1ea3ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch quan c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. _______________ 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 XII, S\u0111d, tr.102.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 371 2. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m sai tr\u00e1i, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u sai tr\u00e1i, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u00e2m m\u01b0u v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cdi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u201ct\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn,\u201d \u201ct\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u201d trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng trong \u0110\u1ea3ng, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n hi\u1ec7n nay. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e2y: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u coi kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ri\u00eang c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n. C\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, coi kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang; b\u1edfi kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 duy m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, phi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n. Kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u chung c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7","372 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i VIII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 khi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng 6 kh\u00f3a X v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: Kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phong ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng qua quan h\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 - ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. Kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u1eeba ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhau. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n \u1edf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 manh nha, th\u00ec trong ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c chi ph\u1ed1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n sinh ra kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, do \u0111\u00f3 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 \u1edf tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chung c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a hay t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o, chi ph\u1ed1i trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 373 l\u00e0m cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 mang \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u00e1n gh\u00e9p ch\u1ee7 quan gi\u1eefa kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00e0 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o quy lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1ch quan c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft tinh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh quy lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00fac r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c ti\u00ea\u0303n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0 duy, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Hai l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, cho r\u1eb1ng: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 coi kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t; \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a (!). S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n; s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1eadp trung \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau:","374 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... V\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a do giai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7; n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a do nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. V\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n: ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 ba m\u1eb7t: s\u1edf h\u1eefu, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. Kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ea1o ra ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 cho nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, duy tr\u00ec vai tr\u00f2 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh t\u1ebf - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1edf h\u1eefu. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng h\u1eefu v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n. Trong kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n chi ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. V\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qua s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, kinh t\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i kinh t\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n; tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 375 V\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. \u1ede n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n. V\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea5y ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i theo lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu theo t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n. V\u1ec1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ba l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u cho r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1eafp v\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng. Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf ng\u00e3 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u00ec s\u1ebd b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1, t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch nhanh h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u00ec t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p h\u01a1n\u201d (!). Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, b\u00f4i \u0111en ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c,","376 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... b\u00e1c b\u1ecf con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, c\u00f4ng khai ca ng\u1ee3i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu, nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 do trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a (doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0) t\u1ea1o n\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o, chi ph\u1ed1i n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n. Khi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf chi ph\u1ed1i n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u00ec t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 377 Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, \u201cc\u00e1i g\u00ec t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u00ec h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ee3p l\u00fd th\u00ec t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u201d. Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 30 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u to l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf; kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n; ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, an ninh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng; v\u0103n h\u00f3a - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n; \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i; d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t huy v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng; \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng; c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh; s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1edbi; kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o; con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 xu th\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. B\u1ed1n l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u sai tr\u00e1i, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t, xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.","378 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... H\u01a1n 30 n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c: Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n ch\u1eadm, thi\u1ebfu ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ba \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tri\u1ec3n khai, th\u1ef1c thi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ch\u01b0a t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 l\u1edbn trong huy \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do kinh doanh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7; m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, kinh doanh kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n quy m\u00f4 c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, thi\u1ebfu li\u00ean k\u1ebft, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro y\u1ebfu, nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, khai th\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. Tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ch\u01b0a h\u1ee3p l\u00fd; th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh - ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro; th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng khoa h\u1ecdc - c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm. Hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a cao; k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, k\u1ef7 c\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0a nghi\u00eam; Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n can thi\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, qu\u00e1","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 379 l\u1edbn trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. V\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng bao c\u1ea5p, xin - cho trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch. H\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy t\u1ed1t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9, ng\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i, doanh nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ebfu ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i do h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp \u0111em l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1ea1y theo th\u00e0nh t\u00edch, nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft m\u00e0 xem nh\u1eb9 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i; t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m; khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i, khi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai... g\u00e2y b\u1ee9c x\u00fac trong d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 suy di\u1ec5n, di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau, xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, quy ch\u1ee5p b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb mang t\u00ednh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n...; l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u1ed3 nghi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i, \u201ct\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn\u201d, \u201ct\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u201d m\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi h\u01a1n 30 n\u0103m qua, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ph\u1ea3i v\u1eeba l\u00e0m, v\u1eeba t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft, r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1ch quan, khoa h\u1ecdc, bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf do c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft","380 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... ch\u01b0a theo k\u1ecbp \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ban h\u00e0nh c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, vai tr\u00f2, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n... Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n.","381 M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 TH\u00c1CH TH\u1ee8C TRONG C\u00d4NG T\u00c1C PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N T\u01af DUY L\u00dd LU\u1eacN C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea2NG ta TRONG B\u1ed0I C\u1ea2NH HI\u1ec6N NAY TS. NGUY\u1ec4N HUY PH\u00d2NG* Sau h\u01a1n 30 n\u0103m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc (t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1986 \u0111\u1ebfn nay), c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 quan tr\u1ecdng: \u201cch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh; b\u1ed5 sung, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (n\u0103m 2011) v\u00e0 Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 2013. \u0110\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d (theo Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 37-NQ\/TW ng\u00e0y 9-10-2014 c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030). B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng ta c\u0169ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf do nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ch quan, ch\u1ee7 quan, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p hi\u1ec7n nay. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c _______________ * Vi\u1ec7n V\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh.","382 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. 1. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb \u00e2m m\u01b0u, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cdi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m s\u1eafp t\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XII c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 xu th\u1ebf l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0 \u201cT\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb - an ninh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng, di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng; t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia, tranh ch\u1ea5p l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, xung \u0111\u1ed9t s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, can thi\u1ec7p l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5, kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1, chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u1ea1ng,... ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n ra gay g\u1eaft \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c\u201d1. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u201cdi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh vi, l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c trang m\u1ea1ng internet \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, g\u00e2y b\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1n, l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5, can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft, tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, l\u00e2u _______________ 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 XII, S\u0111d, tr.71.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 383 d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n nay, s\u1ee9c \u00e9p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u201cdi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng khi h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, h\u1eb1ng gi\u1edd, c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebd h\u1edf trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f2ng l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m ni\u1ec1m tin, g\u00e2y hoang mang, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, gieo r\u1eafc s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u201cc\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0u\u201d, l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u00eau b\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng k\u00edch, xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh; cho r\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng h\u00e3o huy\u1ec1n, phi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt (!). M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chung c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbch trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u201ct\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn\u201d, \u201ct\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u201d trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta, t\u1eeb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p cao cho \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, ho\u00e0i nghi th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, thi\u1ebfu ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n nay cho th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u201ct\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn\u201d, \u201ct\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u201d trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0: th\u1edd \u01a1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb,","384 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat l\u00f2ng tin, phai nh\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng; kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m sai tr\u00e1i, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch; coi tr\u1ecdng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc; tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng quy k\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, n\u1ea1n tham nh\u0169ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 do \u201cl\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u201d, do sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng; cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, nay \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, c\u1ea7n theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c; ho\u1eb7c Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (!)... Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e2u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p tr\u00ean, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng xu th\u1ebf, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Ph\u1ea3i ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft, ki\u00ean tr\u00ec b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. T\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng ni\u1ec1m tin trong c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Trong ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f4ng k\u00edch l\u00e0m cho s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 385 Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n qua h\u01a1n 87 n\u0103m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i hai cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n nay, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u201cdi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi \u00e2m m\u01b0u, th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00ec c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sao t\u1eeb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t, tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00eau nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t, nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m hay l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C.M\u00e1c t\u1eebng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cl\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t khi n\u00f3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang\u201d1, c\u00f2n V.I.L\u00eanin c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng\u201d2, \u201cch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n phong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n vai tr\u00f2 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ti\u1ec1n phong\u201d3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh to l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c; l\u00e0 kim ch\u1ec9 nam d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, _______________ 1. C.M\u00e1c v\u00e0 Ph.\u0102ngghen: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, 1995, t.1, tr.580. 2, 3. V.I. L\u00eanin: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, 1975, t.6, tr.30, 32.","386 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, giao ph\u00f3. 2. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf c\u1eeda, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c th\u00ec m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf, l\u00e0m tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng, v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t v\u1ee5 \u00e1n tham nh\u0169ng l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 quan c\u00f4ng quy\u1ec1n, t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ni\u1ec1m tin trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9. T\u1ec7 s\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec5u, quan li\u00eau, c\u1eeda quy\u1ec1n, h\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch v\u1eabn h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n trong suy ngh\u0129, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng xa d\u00e2n, vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Theo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Minh b\u1ea1ch Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf: Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn tham nh\u0169ng (CPI) n\u0103m 2014 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea1t 31\/100 \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 119 tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (175 qu\u1ed1c gia) v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 18 tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 28 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 - Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 CPI c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong 3 n\u0103m","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 387 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp (2012-2014) v\u00e0 tham nh\u0169ng trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia1. T\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng gia t\u0103ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng - Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh v\u00e0 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i), t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7-2014, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n d\u00e2m \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 33.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9-2014, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay c\u00f3 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e0 204.377 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7n ma t\u00fay, ma t\u00fay t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng qua c\u00e1c n\u0103m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh ph\u00eda Nam nh\u01b0 B\u00e0 R\u1ecba - V\u0169ng T\u00e0u, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng... trong 20 n\u0103m 1994-2014 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 583.900 l\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cai nghi\u1ec7n. Trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i n\u0103m cai nghi\u1ec7n cho 29.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 26% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trung b\u00ecnh h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m2. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean, thanh ni\u00ean v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1ee5 L\u00ea V\u0103n Luy\u1ec7n (B\u1eafc Giang), Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng (B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc)... \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5y l\u00ean h\u1ed3i chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 suy \u0111\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, hay nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i XII l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u201ctha h\u00f3a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng _______________ 1. Xem http:\/\/towardstransparency.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/ TTs-message-on-CPI_VN_FINAL.pdf. 2. Xem http:\/\/www.molisa.gov.vn\/vi\/Pages\/chitiettin.aspx?IDNews= 22167.","388 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... nh\u1ecf c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng 4 kh\u00f3a XI m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng hi\u1ec7n nay, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \u201cB\u00ean c\u1ea1nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u00edt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i qua nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 ch\u1eadm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea3ng; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n vong c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9... M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 cao c\u1ea5p, suy tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 phai nh\u1ea1t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, sa v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u00edch k\u1ef7, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1ea1y theo danh l\u1ee3i, ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i, k\u00e8n c\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb, c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, tham nh\u0169ng, l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n, v\u00f4 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc...\u201d1. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn th\u1eddi gian qua, khi l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u01b0a theo s\u00e1t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, ch\u01b0a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i t\u1ec7 tham nh\u0169ng, l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed, ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t trong \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng sai l\u1ea7m, v\u1ecb k\u1ef7, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u201cl\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u00f3m\u201d, k\u00e9o b\u00e8 k\u1ebft c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 tham \u00f4 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng... \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 trong _______________ 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3a XI, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia - S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2012, tr.21-22.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 389 Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 37-NQ\/TW ng\u00e0y 9-10-2014 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn trong th\u1eddi gian qua l\u00e0: \u201cl\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, t\u00ednh d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1ea5p, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u00f2n d\u00e0n tr\u1ea3i, t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0a cao, ch\u01b0a g\u1eafn k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra... K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1eb7t ra ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5\u201d. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nh\u1eefng tri th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi, ti\u1ebfp thu, b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eefng tinh hoa l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ph\u00e1t huy m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb di s\u1ea3n l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng, ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng, B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. \u0110\u1ea5u tranh ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n sai tr\u00e1i, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh t\u1eebng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \u201cT\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn th\u00ec c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1eaft sai l\u1ea7m\u201d1 v\u00e0 \u201cTrong \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh _______________ 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, t.7, tr.114.","390 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... m\u1edbi, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u1edbi, th\u00ec t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t\u201d1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111a chi\u1ec1u, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m t\u01b0, nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n; li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng; \u201cL\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c; v\u00ec t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t th\u00ec l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00f9ng nh\u1eb1ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c\u201d2. Trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 6 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1 II (ng\u00e0y 15-7-1954), Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i, trong m\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u201cC\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt th\u00f4ng. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5\u201d3. \u201cPh\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d4. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1nh chim \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quy t\u1ee5, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn do nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p \u1ee7y, th\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c ban, ng\u00e0nh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng, _______________ 1. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, t.8, tr.554-555. 2. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, t.9, tr.309. 3, 4. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: To\u00e0n t\u1eadp, S\u0111d, t.11, tr.530, 555.","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 391 \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o nh\u1eefng xu th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. H\u1ecd ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e0u g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu, n\u00f3i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb m\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tham nh\u0169ng, tha h\u00f3a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i, r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi, tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t tinh th\u1ea7n, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m chung c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean \u00e1n, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u00e0nh vi \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0m b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. 3. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn Hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, nh\u01b0ng theo nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 37-NQ\/TW c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u00ec \u201c\u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f2n \u00edt chuy\u00ean gia l\u00fd lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n nay. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee5t h\u1eabng v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea3ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec, say m\u00ea n\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh","392 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc khi vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i, tranh lu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c hay v\u0103n b\u1ea3n chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef m\u00e0 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ed1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn su\u00f4ng, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn xa r\u1eddi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m, l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec7m thu nh\u01b0ng t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng cao. H\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, cao \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m... \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1t v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, v\u1edbi h\u01a1i th\u1edf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u0103n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh, b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. \u201cThi\u1ebfu g\u1eafn b\u00f3 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00fd lu\u1eadn. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tr\u00f9ng","Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai: NH\u1eacN DI\u1ec6N C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U... 393 l\u1eafp v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh; ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p\u201d (theo Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 37-NQ\/TW). Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n nay khi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 lung lay, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. Vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5, kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i d\u1ef1a, l\u00e0m theo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m lo, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p, ng\u00e0nh. Ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kinh t\u1ebf - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u00f3a, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng; trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh... \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n","394 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... t\u01b0 duy l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea7u; g\u1ea7n d\u00e2n, hi\u1ec3u d\u00e2n, tr\u1ecdng d\u00e2n; nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1i m\u1edbi; nhanh nh\u1ea1y, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng... \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb9p, ph\u1ed3n vinh cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.","395 Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba N\u00c2NG CAO HI\u1ec6U QU\u1ea2 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH PH\u1ea2N B\u00c1C C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C CH\u1ee6 NGH\u0128A M\u00c1C - L\u00caNIN, T\u01af T\u01af\u1edeNG H\u1ed2 CH\u00cd MINH","396","397 T\u0102NG C\u01af\u1edcNG \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH PH\u00ca PH\u00c1N, B\u00c1C B\u1ece C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C, SAI TR\u00c1I, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch B\u1ea2O V\u1ec6 C\u01af\u01a0NG L\u0128NH, \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG L\u1ed0I L\u00c3NH \u0110\u1ea0O C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea2NG Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1edbng, Vi\u1ec7n s\u0129, TS. NGUY\u1ec4N HUY HI\u1ec6U* \u0110\u1ea5u tranh ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, sai tr\u00e1i, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u00e2m m\u01b0u, th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u201cdi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u201ct\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn\u201d, \u201ct\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u201d trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng trong \u0110\u1ea3ng, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n nay. 1. Vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX _______________ * Nguy\u00ean \u1ee6y vi\u00ean Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng.","398 \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG C\u00c1C QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M, LU\u1eacN \u0110I\u1ec6U XUY\u00caN T\u1ea0C... \u0111\u1ebfn nay cho th\u1ea5y, s\u1edf d\u0129 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn lao trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t v\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta gi\u00e0u l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng hy sinh t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, gian kh\u1ed5; m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, \u1edf chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u01a1n 87 n\u0103m qua. T\u1eeb khi ra \u0111\u1eddi (n\u0103m 1930), \u0110\u1ea3ng ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. M\u1ed7i c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta. C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng do Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o l\u00e0 Ch\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eafn t\u1eaft v\u00e0 S\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eafn t\u1eaft, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea3ng ng\u00e0y 3-2-1930 th\u00f4ng qua. Sau \u0111\u00f3, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn c\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10-1930. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ch\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u01a1ng, Lu\u1eadn c\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m 1930, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia, l\u1eadp n\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a (nay l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam), m\u1edf ra th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam - th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb do nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 II c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng (th\u00e1ng 2-1951) quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0a \u0110\u1ea3ng ra c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam."]