LUYỆN-SÁCH CHINH PHỤC HÓA 9

["\u21d2 nHCl = 0,08 + 0,03 = 0,11 \u21d2 CMHCl 0,11 0,55M 0,2 2. 3,0 nHCl = 0,15.1 = 0,15 mol 1,5 1, 008 0,5 nCO2 0,045 mol 1,0 22, 4 1,5 1,0 29,55 1,5 n 0,15 mol 4,0 BaCO3 197 2,0 Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch HCl v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch A g\u1ed3m Na2CO3 v\u00e0 KHCO3 1,0 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i Na2CO3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng : 451 Na2CO3 + HCl NaCl + NaHCO3 (1) V\u00ec theo \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 kh\u00ed CO2 bay ra n\u00ean Na2CO3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (2) v\u00e0 (3) NaHCO3 + HCl NaCl + H2O + CO2 (2) KHCO3 + HCl KCl + H2O + CO2 (3) Dung d\u1ecbch B cho k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u1edbi Ba(OH)2 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u01b0 mu\u1ed1i axit c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c (-HCO3) \u0110\u1eb7t x l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol Na2CO3 v\u00e0 y l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol KHCO3 Theo (1) c\u00f3 x mol NaHCO3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh (2) v\u00e0 (3) c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 mol NaHCO3 v\u00e0 KHCO3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 0,045 mol Theo (1), (2) v\u00e0 (3) t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 mol HCl ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 : X + 0,045 = 0,15 x = 0,105 Khi cho Ba(OH)2 d\u01b0 v\u00e0o th\u00ec Ba(OH)2 + NaHCO3 BaCO3 + NaOH + H2O (4) Ba(OH)2 + KHCO3 BaCO3 + KOH + H2O (5) Theo (4) v\u00e0 (5) t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 mol NaHCO3 v\u00e0 KHCO3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 x + y \u2013 0,045 ch\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 mol k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a x + y \u2013 0,045 = 0,15 y = 0,09 mNa2CO3 = 0,105.106 = 11,13 gam mKHCO3 = 0,09.100 = 9 gam C\u00e2u 3 nCl2 = 1,12.22,4 = 0,05 mol PTHH : M2O + H2O 2MOH (1) RO + H2O R(OH)2 (2) MOH + HCl MCl + H2O (3) R(OH)2 + 2HCl RCl2 + H2O (4) 2MCl \u00f1pnc 2M + Cl2 (5) RCl2 \u00f1pnc R + Cl2 (6) Theo (5) v\u00e0 (6) kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 8,125 \u2013 0,05.71 = 4,575 gam - \u0110\u1eb7t x l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol M2O v\u00e0 y mol RO s\u1ed1 mol A = 2x + y Khi th\u00eam 0,005 mol Ba v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 mol B = 2x + y + 0,005 - M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c theo (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) v\u00e0 (6) s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a Cl2 l\u00e0 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0","x + y = 0,05 M = 23 Natri 0,5 Khi \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra 2 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau : TH1 : R ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Bari, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u00f3 : 0,5 3,0 0,005 y 100% 37,5% 0,5 2x y 0,005 1,0 0,005 y 0,375 y 0,025 x 0,025 1,5 0,105 y Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng A l\u00e0 : 2.0,025.M + 0,025.137 = 4,575 TH2 : R kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 bari,l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u00f3 : 0,005 100% 37,5% 2x y 0,005 0,005 0,375 x 0,0417 loa\u00efi x 0,005 V\u1eady hai oxit ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Na2O v\u00e0 BaO. C\u00e2u 4 a. H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t g\u1ed3m : P \u0111\u1ecf, n\u01b0\u1edbc, qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 g\u1ed3m : b\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c, n\u00fat cao su c\u00f3 g\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u00f4i s\u1eaft, \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ed3n, di\u00eam, g\u0103ng tay cao su, khay nh\u1ef1a. b. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh : L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u00edt photpho \u0111\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu xanh cho v\u00e0o m\u00f4i s\u1eaft c\u00f3 g\u1eafn n\u00fat cao du, \u0111\u01b0a m\u00f4i s\u1eaft l\u1ea1i ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ed3n th\u1ea5y P ch\u00e1y th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0a nhanh v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn \u0111\u1ef1ng kh\u00ed oxi. Khi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda t\u1eaft m\u1edf n\u00fat cao su r\u00f3t nhanh v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 5ml n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng n\u00fat cao su, r\u1ed3i l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u00f3i tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t tr\u1eafng tan h\u1ebft th\u00ec cho v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 1 m\u1ea9u qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm. c. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng : Photpho ch\u00e1y m\u1ea1nh trong kh\u00ed oxi v\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i, t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f3i tr\u1eafng d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c b\u00e1m v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh l\u1ecd d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t l\u00e0 P2O5 4P + 5O2 to 2P2O5 B\u1ed9t P2O5 tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o dung d\u1ecbch l\u00e0m qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch axit H3PO4 P2O5 + 3H2O 2H3PO4 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 452","PH\u00d5NG GD&\u0110T Y\u00caN MINH K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N L\u1edaP 9 N\u0102M H\u1eccC: 2020 - 2021 \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C M\u00f4n: H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (\u0110\u1ec1 thi g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: 01 trang) Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1 (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): a. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 sau (ghi r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n) Al \uf0be\uf028\uf0be1\uf029\uf0ae Al2(SO4)3 \uf0be\uf028\uf0be2\uf029\uf0ae AlCl3 \uf0be\uf028\uf0be3\uf029\uf0ae Al(OH)3 \uf0be\uf028\uf0be4\uf029\uf0ae Al2O3 \uf0ac\uf0be\uf0be(\uf0be5)\uf0be\uf0ae Al (6) (8) (7) NaAlO2 b. T\u1eeb qu\u1eb7ng Pirit s\u1eaft (FeS2), O2, H2O, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. H\u00e3y vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf mu\u1ed1i Fe2(SO4)3. C\u00e2u 2 (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): a. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch NaOH, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft 5 l\u1ecd ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch sau: K2CO3; (NH4)2SO4 ; MgSO4; Al2(SO4)3; FeCl3. b. N\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc minh ho\u1ea1 khi: - S\u1ee5c t\u1eeb t\u1eeb kh\u00ed cacbonic v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Ba(OH)2 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0. - Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch HCl \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch NaOH lo\u00e3ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf phenolphtalein. C\u00e2u 3 (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): a. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 mang than \u0111\u1ed1t trong ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn c\u1eeda. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong? Em h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra? b. H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Na2CO3 v\u00e0 Na2SO4 v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 400 ml dung d\u1ecbch A. Chia A l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau: Ph\u1ea7n 1: Cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch HCl d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4,48 l\u00edt kh\u00ed \u0111ktc. Ph\u1ea7n 2: Cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch BaCl2 d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 86 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. T\u00ecm n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mol c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong dung d\u1ecbch A. C\u00e2u 4 (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): a. Cho m gam b\u1ed9t S\u1eaft v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9a 32,32 gam Cu(NO3)2 v\u00e0 400 ml HCl 1M. L\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec1u cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng 0,7m gam v\u00e0 V l\u00edt kh\u00ed (\u0111ktc). T\u00ednh V v\u00e0 m? b. Ng\u00e2m m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng Cu v\u00e0o 250 gam dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 6% sau khi l\u1ea5y v\u1eadt ra kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng AgNO3 trong dung d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3m 17%. T\u00ednh C% c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 trong dung d\u1ecbch sau khi l\u1ea5y v\u1eadt ra? C\u00e2u 5 (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): Nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 20 gam mu\u1ed1i cacbonat kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb II \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A v\u00e0 kh\u00ed B. D\u1eabn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u00ed B v\u00e0o 150ml dung d\u1ecbch Ba(OH)2 1M thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 19,7g k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. a) T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A b) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i cacbonat \u0111\u00f3. (Cho bi\u1ebft: Na= 23; Ba = 137; Ca = 40; Cu = 64; Al = 27; Ag = 108; Fe = 56; S=32; H=1; C= 12; O = 16;Cl = 35,5; N = 14) ..................................................H\u1ebft.................................................. H\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u00ean th\u00ed sinh: ....................................................; S\u1ed1 b\u00e1o danh:................................... Ch\u1eef k\u00ed gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb 1: .........................................; Ch\u1eef k\u00ed gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb 2: ..................................... 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 453","PH\u00d5NG GD&\u0110T Y\u00caN MINH H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN CH\u1ea4M THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N L\u1edaP 9 N\u0102M H\u1eccC: 2020-2021 M\u00f4n: H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc C\u00e2u \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n Thang \u0111i\u1ec3m 1 a. (4,0 0,25 \u0111i\u1ec3m) (1) Al + 3H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Al2(SO4)3 + H2 0,25 0,25 2 (2) Al2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 3BaSO4 + 2AlCl3 0,25 (4,0 0,25 \u0111i\u1ec3m) (3) AlCl3 + 3NaOH \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl 0,25 0,25 (4) 2Al(OH)3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae Al2O3 + H2O 0,25 0,5 (5) 2Al2O3 \uf0be\u00f1\uf0beie\u00e4n\uf0bepha\u00e2n\uf0beno\u00f9n\uf0beg ch\uf0bea\u00fby\uf0ae 4Al + 3O2 0,5 criolit 0,5 0,5 (6) 4Al + 3O2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2Al2O3 1,25 (7) Al2O3 + 2NaOH \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2NaAlO2 + H2O 0,5 (8) NaAlO2 + H2O + CO2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3 0,75 b. 4Fe + 11O2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae Fe2O3 + SO2 1,0 2SO2 + O2 \uf0beV\uf0be2tO0 5\uf0be\uf0ae 2SO3 SO3 + H2O \u2192 H2SO4 Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 \u2192 Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O - Tr\u00edch m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 - Nh\u1ecf dung d\u1ecbch NaOH l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean: + N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch K2CO3 + N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t m\u00f9i khai tho\u00e1t ra l\u00e0 ( NH4)2SO4 ( NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH \u2192 Na2SO4 + 2 NH3 + 2H2O + N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 FeCl3 FeCl3 + 3NaOH \u2192 Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl (N\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf) + N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng tan l\u00e0 MgSO4 MgSO4 + NaOH \u2192 Na2SO4 + Mg(OH)2 tr\u1eafng + N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh sau \u0111\u00f3 tan trong dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0 l\u00e0 Al2(SO4)3 Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH \u2192 3 Na2SO4 + 2Al(OH)3 Al(OH)3 + NaOH \u2192 NaAlO2 + 2H2O b. - Khi s\u1ee5c kh\u00ed cacbonic v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Ba(OH)2 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0, ban \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng, sau tan d\u1ea7n. CO2 + Ba(OH)2 3 2O CO2 + BaCO3 + H2 3)2. - Khi cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch HCl \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch NaOH lo\u00e3ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t 0,5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf phenolphtalein. Dung d\u1ecbch ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng d\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u. HCl + NaOH \uf0ae NaCl + H2O 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 454","3 a. CO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra trong l\u00f2 kh\u00ed than, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi \u1ee7 b\u1ebfp than (do b\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng 0,75 \u0111\u1ee7 oxi cho than ch\u00e1y, do \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn c\u1eeda). Khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 CO sinh ra qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cho (4,0 ph\u00e9p, kh\u00ed CO k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi hemoglobin trong m\u00e1u ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho m\u00e1u nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m) oxi v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p oxi cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. PTHH: C + O2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae CO2 0,75 - Khi thi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed oxi CO2 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi than ch\u00e1y sinh ra kh\u00ed CO. PTHH: CO2 + C \uf0bet\uf0be0\uf0ae 2CO b. nCO2 \uf03d 4, 48 \uf03d 0,2(mol) 0,25 22, 4 0,75 0,5 + Ph\u1ea7n 1: 1,0 Na2CO3 + 2HCl \u2192 2 NaCl + CO2 \u2191 + H2O (1) 0,25 1,0 0,2 0,2 (mol) 0,75 - Ph\u1ea7n 2: 0,5 0,5 Na2CO3 + BaCl2 \u2192 BaCO3 \u2193 + 2NaCl (2) 0,2 0,2 (mol) Na2SO4 + BaCl2 \u2192 BaSO4 \u2193 + 2NaCl (3) mBaCO3(2) \uf03d 0, 2.197 \uf03d 39, 4 (g) mBaSO4 (3) \uf03d 86 \uf02d 39, 4 \uf03d 46,6 (g) Theo PTHH (3): nNa2SO4 \uf03d nBaSO4 (3) \uf03d 46,6 \uf03d 0,2(mol) 233 CMNa2SO4 \uf03d CMNa2CO3 \uf03d 0, 4 \uf03d 1(M) 0, 4 4 a. nCuNO3 \uf03d 32, 32 \uf03d 0,16(mol) ; nHCl \uf03d CM .V \uf03d 1.0, 4 \uf03d 0, 4(mol) 202 (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) - V\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kim lo\u1ea1i => Fe c\u00f2n d\u01b0; Cu(NO3) 2 v\u00e0 HCl ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft Fe + Cu (NO3)2 \uf0ae Fe(NO3)2 + Cu (1) 0,16 0,16 0,16 (mol) Fe + 2HCl \uf0ae FeCl2 + H2\uf023 (2) 0,2 0,4 0,2 (mol) => VH2 \uf03d 0,2.22, 4 \uf03d 4, 48 (l\u00edt) => mFe d\u01b0 = m \u2013 (mFe(1) + mFe(2)) = m \u2013 (0,16 + 0,2) . 56 = (m \u2013 20,16) Theo \u0111\u1ec1 ta c\u00f3: mFe d\u01b0 + mCu= = 0,7m \uf0db (m \u2013 20,16) + 0,16.64 = 0,7m => m = 33,067 (g) b. mAgNO3 \uf03d 250.6 \uf03d 15(g) 100 mAgNO3 p\u00f6 \uf03d 17.15 \uf03d 2,55(g) \uf0de nAgNO3 p\u00f6 \uf03d 2, 55 \uf03d 0, 015 (mol) 100 170 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 455","V\u1eadt l\u1ea5y ra ch\u1ee9a: Cu (d\u01b0) v\u00e0 Ag Cu + 2AgNO3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag \uf0af 0,0075 0,015 0,0075 0,015 (mol) Sau khi l\u1ea5y v\u1eadt ra ch\u1ee9a: Cu(NO3)2 v\u00e0 AgNO3 d\u01b0: 1,0 mdd sau khi l\u1ea5y v\u1eadt ra = 0,0075. 64 + 250 \u2013 0,015. 108 = 248,86 (g) 0,25 C%Cu(NO 3 ) 2 = 0, 0075.188 .100% \uf0bb 0,57% 248, 86 1,0 0,5 C%AgNO 3 d\u01b0 = 15 \uf02d 2, 25 .100% \uf0bb 5% 0,5 248, 86 0,75 5 n \uf03d 19, 7 \uf03d 0,1(mol) ; nBa(OH )2 \uf03d 19, 7 \uf03d 0,1(mol) BaCO3 197 197 (4,0 G\u1ecdi M l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb II. \u0111i\u1ec3m) Ta c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c MCO3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1: Ba(OH)2 d\u01b0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng : (1) MCO3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae MO + CO2 0,1 0,1 (mol) CO2 + Ba(OH)2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae BaCO3 + H2O (2) 0,1 0,1 (mol) a. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A mMO = 20 \u2013 44.0,1 = 15,6 (g) b. MMCO3 \uf03d 20 \uf03d 200(g) 0,1 MM = 200 \u2013 60 = 140 (g) => Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2: nCO2 \uf03e nBa(OH )2 MCO3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae MO + CO2 (1) CO2 + Ba(OH)2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae BaCO3 + H2O (2) 0,15 0,15 0,15 (mol) BaCO3 + CO2 + H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Ba(HCO3)2 (3) 0,05 0,05 0,05 (mol) a. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A l\u00e0: MMO = 20 \u2013 nCO2 = 20 - 44.0,2 = 11,2 (g) MMCO3 \uf03d 20 \uf03d 100(g) 0,5 0, 2 0,5 MM = 100 \u2013 60 = 40 (g) => M l\u00e0 Ca v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 CaCO3 - L\u01b0u \u00fd: Th\u00ed sinh l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang, c\u00f3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1i \u0111a. 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 456","PH\u00d5NG GD & \u0110T Y\u00caN TH\u00c0NH K\u1ef2 THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N - L\u1edaP 9 \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2020 \u2013 2021 M\u00f4n thi: H\u00d3A H\u1eccC (V\u00d2NG 1) (Th\u1eddi gian: 120 ph\u00fat kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u I (3,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m): Cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t: Cu, FeS, Fe3O4, FeCO3, Fe(OH)2 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi: a) Dung d\u1ecbch HCl. b) Dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c, n\u00f3ng. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u II (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): C\u00f3 4 l\u1ecd m\u1ea5t nh\u00e3n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ecd \u0111\u1ef1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t dung d\u1ecbch sau: NaCl, MgSO4, HCl, NaOH. H\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra m\u1ed7i l\u1ecd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng th\u00eam h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. C\u00e2u III (3,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m): 1) T\u1eeb c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0: NaCl, CaCO3, H2O, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c NaHCO3, NH4NO3, CaCl2, (NH2)2CO. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3. 2) Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y CO2 tinh khi\u1ebft t\u1eeb h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed g\u1ed3m: CO2, SO2, SO3 v\u00e0 O2. C\u00e2u IV (3,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m): Cho 8,1 gam kim lo\u1ea1i M t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi 4,8 gam kh\u00ed oxi, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A. Cho A v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch HCl (d\u00f9ng d\u01b0 10%) thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch B v\u00e0 3,36 l\u00edt kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra (\u0111o \u1edf \u0111ktc). a) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kim lo\u1ea1i M. b) Cho V ml dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 2M v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch B, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 15,6 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. T\u00ednh V. C\u00e2u V (4,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m): Chia a gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Cu v\u00e0 Fe (\u1edf d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t) th\u00e0nh 3 ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau: Ph\u1ea7n 1: Cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,36 l\u00edt kh\u00ed H2 (\u0111o \u1edf \u0111ktc). Ph\u1ea7n 2: Cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c, n\u00f3ng, d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6,72 l\u00edt kh\u00ed SO2 duy nh\u1ea5t (\u0111o \u1edf \u0111ktc). Ph\u1ea7n 3: Cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi 500ml dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 1M. Sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch Y v\u00e0 b gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn Z. a) T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a a v\u00e0 b. b) Dung d\u1ecbch Y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan t\u1ed1i \u0111a bao nhi\u00eau gam Cu? c) Cho dung d\u1ecbch Y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch Na2S. T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a t\u1ea1o ra. C\u00e2u VI (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): 1) Cho c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t sau: c\u1ed1c th\u1ee7y tinh, \u1ed1ng h\u00fat, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00eda, axit sunfuric \u0111\u1eb7c... H\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh h\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a axit sunfuric \u0111\u1eb7c. 2) Trong gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u00f4n H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, b\u1ea1n An khi l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 axit sunfuric \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o tay. Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, em h\u00e3y n\u00eau c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n An kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecfng n\u1eb7ng. (Cho bi\u1ebft: Na =23; Al=27; Fe =56; Cu = 64; Ag=108; S=32; Cl = 35,5; C=12; O = 16; H = 1) (Gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb xem thi kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u00ec th\u00eam) --- H\u1ebeT --- 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 457","PH\u00d5NG GD & \u0110T Y\u00caN TH\u00c0NH H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN CH\u1ea4M H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG HUY\u1ec6N - L\u1edaP 9 N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2020 \u2013 2021 M\u00f4n thi: H\u00d3A H\u1eccC C\u00e2u N\u1ed9i dung \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u00e2u I 3,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m a) FeS + 2HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae FeCl2 + H2 1\u0111 Fe3O4 + 8HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + H2O FeCO3 + 2HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae FeCl2 + CO2 + H2O Fe(OH)2 + 2HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae FeCl2 + 2H2O M\u1ed7i PTHH vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang cho 0,25 \u0111 b) 2FeS + 10H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Fe2(SO4)3 + 9SO2 + 10H2O 2,5 \u0111 Cu + 2H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O 2Fe3O4 + 10H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 3Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 10H2O 2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m 2FeCO3 + 4H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 2CO2 + 4H2O 0,25 2Fe(OH)2 + 4H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 6H2O M\u1ed7i PTHH vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang cho 0,5 \u0111 0,25 C\u00e2u II - \u0110\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 tr\u00edch m\u1ed7i l\u1ecd th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eabu th\u1eed. - Cho l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ea5u th\u1eed c\u1ee7a l\u1ecd n\u00e0y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1ecd c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ta c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3ng: NaCl MgSO4 HCl NaOH k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 NaCl x x x x kh\u00f4ng ht MgSO4 x x x \uf0af 1 l\u1ea7n kt HCl x x x x kh\u00f4ng ht NaOH x \uf0af x x 1 l\u1ea7n kt Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: x \u2013 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng; \uf0af - c\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a - D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3ng ta th\u1ea5y: 0,5 + L\u1ecd khi cho v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1ecd c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ecd \u0111\u1ef1ng MgSO4 0,5 v\u00e0 NaOH (nh\u00f3m 1) + L\u1ecd khi cho v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1ecd c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ecd \u0111\u1ef1ng NaCl v\u00e0 HCl (nh\u00f3m 2) PTHH: MgSO4 + 2NaOH \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Mg(OH)2 + Na2SO4 (1) - L\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a \u1edf ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (1) cho v\u00e0o 2 dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf nh\u00f3m 2 L\u1ecd l\u00e0m k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tan ra l\u00e0 HCl; l\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 NaCl PTHH: Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae MgCl2 + 2H2O (2) - L\u1ea5y dung d\u1ecbch MgCl2 t\u1ea1o ra \u1edf ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (2) cho v\u00e0o 2 dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf nh\u00f3m 1. L\u1ecd 0,5 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 NaOH; l\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 MgSO4. PTHH: MgCl2 + 2NaOH \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl C\u00e2u III 3,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m 1) 2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m C\u00e1c PTHH \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 - \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf Na2CO3. 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 458","2NaCl + 2H2O \uf0bed\uf0bepc\u00f3\uf0bem\u00e0ng\uf0bengan\uf0be\uf0ae 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2 \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed7i CaCO3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae CaO + CO2 ch\u1ea5t cho 0,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m 2NaOH + CO2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Na2CO3 + H2O 1,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2NaHCO3 0,5 ho\u1eb7c: NaOH + CO2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae NaHCO3 0,25 - \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf CaCl2. 0,25 0,5 H2 + Cl2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2HCl 3,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m CaO + 2HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae CaCl2 + H2O 1,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m - \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf NH4NO3. 1,0 Ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u1edf -1960C ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c N2 N2 + 3H2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2NH3 2H2O \uf0bed\uf0bep\uf0ae 2H2 + O2 N2 + O2 \uf0be3\uf0be000\uf0be0 C\uf0ae2NO 2NO + O2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2NO2 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 4HNO3 HNO3 + NH3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae NH4NO3 - \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf (NH2)2CO 2NH3 + CO2 \uf0bet\uf0be0cao\uf0be, pca\uf0beo\uf0ae (NH2)2CO + H2O 2) - D\u1eabn h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111i qua dung d\u1ecbch BaCl2 d\u01b0 th\u00ec SO3 s\u1ebb b\u1ecb gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i. SO3 + BaCl2 + H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae BaSO4 +2HCl - D\u1eabn h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111i qua dung d\u1ecbch Br2 d\u01b0 th\u00ec SO2 s\u1ebb b\u1ecb gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i SO2 +Br2 +H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2HBr + H2SO4 - D\u1eabn h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i qua dung d\u1ecbch Ca(OH)2 d\u01b0 th\u00ec kh\u00ed CO2 s\u1ebb b\u1ecb gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i Ca(OH)2 + CO2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae CaCO3 + H2O - L\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a cho v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, d\u01b0 d\u1eabn kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra \u0111i qua dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c (\u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 kh\u00ed) ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c CO2 tinh khi\u1ebft. CaCO3 + H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O L\u01b0u \u00fd: N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng HCl m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eed HCl v\u00e0 H2O th\u00ec tr\u1eeb 0,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng H2SO4 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 kh\u00ed thi tr\u1eeb 0,25 \u0111i\u1ec3m C\u00e2u IV a) - PTHH: 4M + nO2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2M2On (1) 0,6\/n 0,15 0,3\/n - Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi HCl m\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00ed bay ra th\u00ec sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (1) M c\u00f2n d\u01b0 2M + 2nHCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2MCln + nH2 (2) 0,3\/n 0,3 0,3\/n 0,15 M2On + 2nHCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2MCln + nH2O (3) 0,3\/n 0,6 0,6\/n Ta c\u00f3: nO2 = 4,8\/32 = 0,15 mol; nH2 = 3,36\/22,4 = 0,15mol Theo (1,2) t\u1ed5ng nM = 0,6\/n + 0,3\/n = 0.9\/n mol 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 459","\uf0ae MM \uf03d 8,1 \uf03d 9n g\/mol 0,5 0, 9 n V\u1eady khi n = 3 th\u00ec M = 27 \uf0ae M l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i Nh\u00f4m (Al) b) 2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m Theo (2,3) th\u00ec t\u1ed5ng nHCl = 0,3+0,6 = 0,9 mol 0,25 \uf0ae nHCl d\u01b0 = 0,9.10\/100 = 0,09mol 0,75 Dung d\u1ecbch B c\u00f3 0,09 mol HCl d\u01b0 v\u00e0 0,3 mol AlCl3. Khi cho B t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi NaOH c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra: HCl + NaOH \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae NaCl + H2O (4) 0,09 0,09 AlCl3 + 3NaOH \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl (5) TH1: 0,2 0,6 0,2 TH2: 0,3 0,9 0,3 Al(OH)3 + NaOH \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae NaAlO2 + 2H2O (5) 0,1 0,1 V\u00ec nAl(OH)3 = 15,6\/78 = 0,2 mol < nAlCl3 = 0,3 mol \uf0ae c\u00f3 2 TH x\u1ea3y ra. 0,5 TH1: AlCl3 d\u01b0, NaOH h\u1ebft \uf0ae Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (6) theo (4,5) t\u1ed5ng nNaOH ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng = 0,09 + 0,6 = 0,69 mol 0,5 \uf0ae Vdd NaOH = 0,69\/2 = 0,345 l\u00edt 4,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m TH2: : AlCl3 h\u1ebft NaOH d\u01b0 h\u00f2a tan m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a \uf0ae c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (6) x\u1ea3y 3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ra. 1,0 theo (4,5,6) t\u1ed5ng nNaOH ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng = 0,09 + 0,9 + 0,1 = 1,09 mol \uf0ae Vdd NaOH = 1,09\/2 = 0,545 l\u00edt C\u00e2u V a) - ph\u1ea7n 1: Fe + H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae FeSO4 + H2 (1) 0,15 0,15 - Ph\u1ea7n 2: 2Fe + 6H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O (2) 0,15 0,225 Cu + 2H2SO4 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O (3) 0,075 0,075 Ta c\u00f3: nH2 = 3,36\/22,4 = 0,15mol; nSO2 = 6,72\/22,4 = 0,3mol Theo (1) nFe = nH2 = 0,15 mol 0,5 theo (2,3) nCu = 0,075mol \uf0ae a = (0,15.56 + 0,075.64)3 = 39,6 gam 0,75 - Ph\u1ea7n 3: th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng: 460 Fe + 2AgNO3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag (4) 0,15 0,3 0,15 0,3 Cu + 2AgNO3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag (5) 0,075 0,15 0,075 0,15 Fe(NO3)2 + AgNO3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Fe(NO3)3 + Ag (6) 0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0","Ta c\u00f3: nAgNO3 = 0,5.1 = 0,5mol Theo (4) 0,15\/1 < 0,5\/2 \uf0ae Fe h\u1ebft, AgNO3 d\u01b0; 0,75 \uf0ae nAgNO3 d\u01b0 = 0,5 - 0,3 = 0,2 mol Theo (5) 0,075\/1 < 0,2\/2 \uf0ae Cu h\u1ebft, AgNO3 d\u01b0; 0,5 \uf0ae nAgNO3 d\u01b0 = 0,2 - 0,15 = 0,05 mol Theo (6) 0,15\/1 < 0,05\/1 \uf0ae AgNO3 h\u1ebft, Fe(NO3)2 d\u01b0 1,0 Theo (4,5,6) ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn l\u00e0 Ag v\u00e0 nAg = nAgNO3 = 0,5mol 0,5 \uf0ae b = mAg = 0,5.108 = 54 gam 0,5 3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m b) 2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m - Dung d\u1ecbch Y g\u1ed3m 0,05 mol Fe(NO3)3; 0,1 mol Fe(NO3)2; 0,075 mol Cu(NO3)2. Khi cho Y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Cu th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Fe(NO3)3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng: 0,5 0,5 - PTHH: 0,5 2Fe(NO3)3 + Cu \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2Fe(NO3)2 + Cu(NO3)2 (7) 0,5 0,05 0,025 1,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \uf0ae mCu = 0,025.64 = 1,6 gam 0,25 V\u1eady dung d\u1ecbch Y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan t\u1ed1i \u0111a 1,6 gam Cu. 0,25 c) - PTHH: 2Fe(NO3)3 + 3Na2S \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2FeS + S + 6NaNO3 (8) 0,05 0,05 0,025 Fe(NO3)2 + Na2S \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae FeS + 2NaNO3 (9) 0,1 0,1 Cu(NO3)2 + Na2S \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae CuS + 2NaNO3 (10) 0,075 0,075 Theo (8,9,10) th\u00ec: m k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a = mFeS + mS + mCuS = (0,05+0,1)88 + 0,025.32 + 0,075.96 = 21,2 gam C\u00e2u VI 1) - Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh TN: Cho m\u1ed9t \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00eda v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ed1c, th\u00eam t\u1eeb t\u1eeb 1-2 ml H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0o. - Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: M\u00e0u tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u n\u00e2u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh kh\u1ed1i m\u00e0u \u0111en x\u1ed1p b\u1ecb b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ed1c. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t. - Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Do H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i hai nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 (c\u00f3 trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc) l\u00e0 H v\u00e0 O ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh than. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi do t\u00ednh oxi h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a H2SO4 \u0111\u00e3 oxi h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n C th\u00e0nh hai ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0 SO2 \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u1ea7n C ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e0o l\u00ean. - PTHH: C12H22O11 \uf0beH\uf0be2SO\uf0be4(d)\uf0be\uf0ae 12C + 11H2O C + 2H2SO4 (\u0111) \uf0ae CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O 2) C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd: - Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n An \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f2i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 cho n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean v\u1ebft b\u1ecfng kho\u1ea3ng 5-10 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m lo\u00e3ng, r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i axit v\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu v\u1ebft b\u1ecfng. - Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u00f2a m\u1ed9t \u00edt dung d\u1ecbch NaHCO3 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5y b\u00f4ng t\u1ea9m dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ea5m l\u00ean v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng. NaHCO3 s\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi H2SO4 c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i, CO2 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ra s\u1ebb 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 461","l\u1ea5y \u0111i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu v\u1ebft b\u1ecfng. 0,25 0,25 2NaHCO3 + H2SO4 \uf0ae Na2SO4 + 2CO2 + 2H2O - Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n An \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf Y t\u1ebf g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb theo b\u00e1c s\u1ef9 (n\u1ebfu v\u1ebft b\u1ecfng n\u1eb7ng). - Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f4i, \u0111\u1eafp g\u00ec l\u00ean v\u1ebft b\u1ecfng khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u1ef9 v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng l\u00e0m v\u1ebft b\u1ecfng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. L\u01b0u \u00fd: - M\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u cho \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 - PTHH n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ec cho \u00bd s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m. PH\u00d5NG GD & \u0110T Y\u00caN TH\u00c0NH K\u1ef2 THI CH\u1eccN \u0110\u1ed8I TUY\u1ec2N D\u1ef0 THI HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2020 \u2013 2021 M\u00f4n thi: H\u00d3A H\u1eccC 9 (V\u00d2NG 2) (Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u I (2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m): N\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau: 1) Cho Ba v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch KHCO3. 2) Cho r\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch NaOH v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Al2(SO4)3. 3) Cho r\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch KOH. 4) Cho b\u1ed9t Cu v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Fe(NO3)3. 5) Cho r\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch HCl v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Na2CO3 v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u. C\u00e2u II (2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m): H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9t X g\u1ed3m: BaCO3, Fe(OH)2, Al, v\u00e0 Cu(OH)2. Nung h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A. Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A tan v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch B v\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng tan C. Dung d\u1ecbch B l\u00e0m qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm ho\u00e1 xanh. S\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng tan C r\u1ed3i cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi CO n\u00f3ng, d\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed D v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn E. Cho E v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch HNO3 lo\u00e3ng, d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch Y v\u00e0 kh\u00ed F b\u1ecb h\u00f3a n\u00e2u trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 trong A, B, C, D, E, Y, F. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u III (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): 1) Cho c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t: CaCO3, NaCl, H2O v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. H\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m hai mu\u1ed1i Na2CO3 v\u00e0 NaHCO3 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 mol t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 1:1. 2) Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i. H\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra 3 l\u1ecd m\u1ea5t nh\u00e3n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ecd \u0111\u1ef1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t dung d\u1ecbch sau: Dung d\u1ecbch axit clohi\u0111ric; dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i \u0103n; dung d\u1ecbch natri nitrat. C\u00e2u IV (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): 1) Khi cho h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc qua than n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ecf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed Y g\u1ed3m H2, CO v\u00e0 CO2. D\u1eabn 1 mol kh\u00ed Y (\u0111ktc) qua CuO d\u01b0, nung n\u00f3ng th\u00ec kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn gi\u1ea3m 14,4 gam v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed Z. D\u1eabn Z v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00ednh m. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. 2) H\u00f2a tan h\u1ebft 24 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A g\u1ed3m oxit, hi\u0111roxit v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i cacbonat c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i M (c\u00f3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i) c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng 200 gam dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 19,6%, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,24 l\u00edt kh\u00ed (\u0111ktc) v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch B ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed1i trung h\u00f2a duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 21,858%. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kim lo\u1ea1i M v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t trong A. C\u00e2u V (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A g\u1ed3m Al v\u00e0 FexOy. Nung m gam A trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p r\u1eafn B. Cho B t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 462","d\u1ecbch C, ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng tan D v\u00e0 0,672 l\u00edt kh\u00ed. Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch HCl v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch C cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, nung k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5,1 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. Ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng tan D cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c n\u00f3ng. Sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch E ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed1i s\u1eaft duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 2,688 l\u00edt kh\u00ed SO2. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111o \u1edf \u0111ktc. 1) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a oxit FexOy v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m? 2) N\u1ebfu cho 200ml dung d\u1ecbch HCl 1M t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch C \u0111\u1ebfn khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6,24 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a th\u00ec kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng NaOH c\u00f3 trong dung d\u1ecbch NaOH ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau gam? C\u00e2u VI (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed oxi trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u oxi nh\u01b0 KMnO4 ho\u1eb7c KClO3. 1) V\u1ebd h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 thu kh\u00ed oxi b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1eddi ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean. 2) Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. 3) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t mi\u1ebfng b\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u mi\u1ec7ng \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea1nh n\u00fat cao su c\u00f3 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec? 4) Khi d\u1eebng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00ec n\u00ean t\u1eaft \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay r\u00fat \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc? V\u00ec sao? (Cho: Ca=40; Mg =24; Na =23; Al=27; Fe =56; Cu = 64; Ag=108; S=32; Cl = 35,5; C=12; O = 16; H = 1) --- H\u1ebeT --- C\u00e2u H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN CH\u1ea4M \u0110i\u1ec3m I N\u1ed9i dung - N\u00eau \u0111\u00fang hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7 PTHH cho m\u1ed7i \u00fd 0,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m 2,5 - N\u1ebfu n\u00eau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 hi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ebft thi\u1ebfu PTHH cho 0,25 \u0111i\u1ec3m C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra: 1. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: M\u1eabu Ba tan ra, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng. Ba + 2H2O \uf0ae Ba(OH)2 + H2 \uf0ad Ba(OH)2 + 2KHCO3 \uf0ae BaCO3 \uf0af + K2CO3 + H2O N\u1ebfu Ba(OH)2 d\u01b0: Ba(OH)2 + KHCO3 \uf0ae BaCO3 \uf0af + KOH + H2O 2. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a keo tr\u1eafng, k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u1edbn d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i, sau tan d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft t\u1ea1o dung d\u1ecbch trong su\u1ed1t Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH \uf0ae 2Al(OH)3 \uf0af + 3Na2SO4 Al(OH)3 + NaOH \uf0ae NaAlO2 + 2H2O 3. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: C\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng keo t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u00f2a tan ngay th\u00e0nh dung dich v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. AlCl3 + 3KOH \uf0ae Al(OH)3 + 3KCl Al(OH)3 + KOH \uf0ae KAlO2 + 2H2O AlCl3 + 3KAlO2 + 6H2O \uf0ae 4Al(OH)3 + 3KCl 4. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Cu tan, dung d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n sang m\u00e0u xanh 2Fe(NO3)3 + Cu \uf0ae 2Fe(NO3)2 + Cu(NO3)2 5. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01b0a xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed, sau m\u1ed9t l\u00fac c\u00f3 b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n Na2CO3 + HCl \uf0ae NaHCO3 + NaCl NaHCO3 + HCl \uf0ae NaCl + CO2 \uf0ad + H2O 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 463","II - N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ebft thi\u1ebfu PTHH ch\u1ec9 cho1\/2 s\u1ed1 2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m. - Nung X: BaCO3 \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae BaO + CO2 1,0 4Fe(OH)2 + O2 \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O 4Al + 3O2 \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae 2Al2O3 Cu(OH)2 \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae CuO + H2O 0,5 => ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A g\u1ed3m: BaO; Fe2O3; Al2O3; CuO 0,5 - Cho A v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc: BaO + H2O \uf0aeBa(OH)2 Ba(OH)2 + Al2O3 \uf0ae Ba(AlO2)2 + H2O V\u00ec dd B l\u00e0m qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm h\u00f3a xanh n\u00ean Ba(OH)2 c\u00f2n d\u01b0, Al2O3 h\u1ebft. => dd B c\u00f3 Ba(OH)2 v\u00e0 Ba(AlO2)2 R\u1eafn C g\u1ed3m: Fe2O3; CuO - Kh\u1eed r\u1eafn C: Fe2O3 + 3CO \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae 2Fe + 3CO2 CuO + CO \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae Cu + CO2 => kh\u00ed D c\u00f3 CO2 v\u00e0 CO R\u1eafn E g\u1ed3m: Fe; Cu - H\u00f2a tan E: 0,5 Fe + 4HNO3 \uf0ae Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O 3Cu + 8HNO3 \uf0ae 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O 2NO + O2 \uf0ae 2NO2 => dd Y g\u1ed3m: Fe(NO3)3 ; Cu(NO3)2 v\u00e0 HNO3d\u01b0. Kh\u00ed F l\u00e0 NO. III 4,0 1) 2,5 - Nung CaCO3 v\u00e0 thu l\u1ea5y kh\u00ed CO2 0,5 CaCO3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae CaO + CO2 0,5 - \u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i \u0103n b\u1ea3o h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 2NaCl + 2H2O \uf0bed\uf0bepdd\uf0becoM\uf0beN\uf0ae 2NaOH + H2 + Cl2 0,25 - L\u1ea5y 2 \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 v\u1ea1ch chia \u0111\u1ed9, cho NaOH v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng A 1ml (xmol); \u1ed1ng B 0,5 2ml (2xmol) 0,5 - S\u1ee5c kh\u00ed CO2 (thu l\u1ea5y \u1edf tr\u00ean) v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng B \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0: 0,25 CO2 + NaOH \uf0ae NaHCO3 Mol: 2x 2x - Cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 dd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf \u1ed1ng B cho v\u00e0o dd NaOH \u1edf \u1ed1ng A: NaHCO3 + NaOH \uf0ae Na2CO3 + H2O Mol: x x x - V\u1eady dung d\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf \u1ed1ng A c\u00f3 Na2CO3 (x mol) v\u00e0 NaHCO3 d\u01b0 (x mol) 2) 1,5 - \u0110\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 tr\u00edch m\u1eabu 0.5 - Cho kim lo\u1ea1i Fe v\u00e0o 3 dd: + L\u1ecd c\u00f3 b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra l\u00e0 HCl 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 464","Fe + 2HCl \uf0ae FeCl2 + H2 (I) 0,25 + L\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 NaCl v\u00e0 NaNO3 0,75 - Cho dd HCl v\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o 2 dd c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: dung d\u1ecbch A g\u1ed3m (HCl v\u00e0 NaCl); dung d\u1ecbch B g\u1ed3m (HCl v\u00e0 NaNO3) - Cho dd FeCl2 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf (I) cho v\u00e0o 2 dd A v\u00e0 B + L\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra, h\u00f3a n\u00e2u trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 ddB \uf0ae dd ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 NaNO3 3FeCl2 + 10NaNO3 + 4HCl \uf0ae 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 10NaCl + 2H2O 2NO + O2 \uf0ae 2NO2 + L\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec l\u00e0 dd A \uf0ae dd ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 NaCl IV 4,0 1) 2,0 H2O + C \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae H2 + CO (1) 2H2O + C \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2H2 + CO2 (2) 0,2 0,1 CO + CuO \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae Cu + CO2 (3) 1,0 H2 + CuO \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae Cu + H2O (4) CO2 + Ca(OH)2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae CaCO3 + H2O (5) - Theo btkl, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a oxi trong oxit ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng - ta c\u00f3: nO = 14, 4 \uf03d 0, 9 (mol) 0,5 16 0,5 - Theo (3), (4) (2): n \uf02bn \uf03d n O(CuO) p\u00f6 \uf03d 0,9 (mol) \uf0de n \uf03d 1\uf02d 0,9 \uf03d 0,1 (mol) H2 CO CO2 ( Y) G\u1ecdi s\u1ed1 mol H2, CO trong Y l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 a, b mol \uf0de a + b = 0,9 (*) Theo (1) v\u00e0 n \uf03d n \uf02b 2.n \uf0ae a \uf03d b \uf02b 2.0,1 \uf03d b \uf02b 0,2 \uf0ae a \uf02d b \uf03d 0,2(**) H2 CO CO2 T\u1eeb (*) v\u00e0 (**) \uf0ae \uf0eca \uf03d 0,55 \uf0ed\uf0eeb \uf03d 0,35 V\u1eady t\u1ed5ng nCO2 = 0,1 + 0,35 = 0,45 mol \uf0ae nCaCO3 = 0,45 mol 2,0 \uf0ae m = mCaCO3 = 0,45.100 = 45 gam 0,5 2) 0,5 465 - Ta c\u00f3: S\u1ed1 mol H2SO4 l\u00e0 0,4 mol S\u1ed1 mol CO2 l\u00e0 0,1 mol - Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c kim lo\u1ea1i M c\u00f3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 n. M2On + nH2SO4 \u2192 M2(SO4)n + nH2O 2M(OH)n + nH2SO4 \u2192 M2(SO4)n + 2nH2O M2(CO3)n + nH2SO4 \u2192 M2(SO4)n + nCO2 + nH2O - \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta c\u00f3: m + m = m + mhh ddH2SO4 ddspu CO2 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0","\u2192 24 + 200 = m dd sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng + 0,1.44 \u2192 m dd sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng = 219,6 (g) \u2192 mM2 (SO4 )n = 219, 6x21,858 = 48(g) 100 - B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n g\u1ed1c SO4: nSO42- =nH2SO4 = 0,4mol \uf0ae n M2 (SO4 )n = 0, 4 0,5 n 0,5 \uf0ae 2 M+ 96 n = 48 \uf0ae 2M+ 96n = 120n 0, 4 4,0 2,5 n \u2192 M = 12n Vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n 12 3 8 pt v\u00e0 t\u00ednh M 12 24 36 to\u00e1n K\u00eat lu\u1eadn lo\u1ea1i Mg lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 mol V\u1eady kim lo\u1ea1i M l\u00e0 Magie, k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u Mg. cho 1,0 - PTHH: 466 MgO + H2SO4 \u2192 MgSO4 + H2O (1) xx Mg(OH)2 + H2SO4 \u2192 MgSO4 + 2H2O (2) yy MgCO3 + H2SO4 \u2192 MgSO4 + CO2 + H2O (3) 0,1 0,1 0,1 - Theo (1,2) ta c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 pt: \uf0ec40x \uf02b 58y \uf03d 24 \uf02d 0,1.84 \uf03d 15, 6 \uf0ae \uf0ecx \uf03d 0,1 \uf0ed \uf0ed \uf03d 0, 2 \uf0ee x \uf02b y \uf03d 0, 4 \uf02d 0,1 \uf03d 0, 3 \uf0ee y - V\u1eady: mMgO = 0,1.40 = 4 gam mMg(OH)2 = 0,2.58 =11,6 gam mMgCO3 = 0,1.84 = 8,4 gam V 1) - Ta c\u00f3: nH2 = 0,03 mol; nAl2O3 = 0,05 mol; nSO2 = 0,12 mol - PTHH: 2yAl + 3FexOy \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 3xFe + yAl2O3 (1) 0,08 0,04 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O \uf0ae 2NaAlO2 + 3H2 (2) 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,03 Al2O3 + 2NaOH + \uf0ae 2NaAlO2 + 3H2O (3) 0,04 0,08 0,08 HCl + NaOH + \uf0ae NaCl + 3H2O (4) HCl + NaAlO2 + H2O \uf0ae Al(OH)3 + NaCl (5) 0,1 0,1 2Al(OH)3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae Al2O3 + 3H2O (6) 0,1 0,05 2Fe + 6H2SO4 \uf0ae Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O (7) 0,08 0,04 0,12 Fe + Fe2(SO4)3 \uf0ae 3FeSO4 (8) 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0","0,04 0,04 0,5 - V\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 khi cho B v\u00e0o NaOH c\u00f3 kh\u00ed n\u00ean sau (1) Al c\u00f2n d\u01b0 Theo (2) nAl d\u01b0 = nNaAlO2 = 0,02 mol; 0,5 V\u00ec nAl2O3 = 0,05 mol \uf0ae nAl(OH)3 = 0,1 mol \uf0ae t\u1ed5ng nNaAlO2 = 0,1 mol 0,5 M\u00e0 nNaAlO2 (\u1edf 3) = 0,08 mol \uf0ae nAl2O3 (\u1edf 3) = 0,04 mol = nAl2O3 (\u1edf 1) 1,5 \uf0ae nFe = 0,12x\/y (*) Vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c * TH1: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1i s\u1eaft l\u00e0 Fe2(SO4)3 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (8) 3 pt v\u00e0 - theo (7) nSO2 = 0,12 mol \uf0ae nFe = 0,08 mol thay v\u00e0o (*) \uf0ae x = 2; y = 3 t\u00ednh V\u1eady c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c oxit l\u00e0 Fe2O3. to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 mA = mAl + mFe2O3 = 0,1.27 + 0,04.160 = 9,1 gam mol cho * TH2: N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1i s\u1eaft l\u00e0 FeSO4 th\u00ec c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (8) 0,5 - theo (7,8) t\u1ed5ng nFe = 0,08 + 0,04 = 0,12 mol thay v\u00e0o (*) \uf0ae x = 1; y = 1 0,5 V\u1eady c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c oxit l\u00e0 FeO. 0,5 mA = mAl + mFeO = 0,1.27 + 0,12.72 = 11,34 gam 3,0 2) 1,0 - Dung d\u1ecbch C g\u1ed3m NaOH d\u01b0 v\u00e0 0,1 mol NaAlO2 ; nHCl = 0,2 mol; nAl(OH)3 = 0,08 mol (9) HCl + NaOH + \uf0ae NaCl + 3H2O TH1: 0,12 0,12 TH2: 0,04 0,04 HCl + NaAlO2 + H2O \uf0ae Al(OH)3 + NaCl (10) TH1: 0,08 0,08 0,08 TH2: 0,1 0,1 0,1 3HCl + Al(OH)3 + \uf0ae AlCl3 + 3H2O (11) 0,06 0,02 - V\u00ec nAl(OH)3 = 0,08 < nNaAlO2 = 0,1 \uf0ae c\u00f3 2 TH x\u1ea3y ra: TH1: NaAlO2 d\u01b0, HCl h\u1ebft (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng 11) Theo (2,3,9,10) t\u1ed5ng nNaOH = 0,1 + 0,12 = 0,22 mol \uf0ae mNaOH = 0,22.40 = 8,8 gam TH2: NaAlO2 h\u1ebft, HCl d\u01b0 h\u00f2a tan 1 ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a (c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng 11) Theo (2,3,9,10,11) t\u1ed5ng nNaOH = 0,1 + 0,04 = 0,14 mol \uf0ae mNaOH = 0,14.40 = 5,6 gam VI KMnO4 1) Ho\u1eb7c KClO3 Kh\u00ed O2 2) 1,0 2KMnO4 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 467 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0","2KClO3 \uf0bet\uf0be0,M\uf0benO2\uf0be\uf0ae 2KCl + 3O2 0,5 0,5 3) Mi\u1ebfng b\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u0103n b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n (ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn) cu\u1ed1n theo kh\u00ed O2 ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c O2 s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n. 4) - Khi d\u1eebng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc, - V\u00ec n\u1ebfu t\u1eaft \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ed3n m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a r\u00fat \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m s\u1ebb h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m. L\u01b0u \u00fd: - M\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u cho \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0 chi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 - PTHH n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ec cho \u00bd s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m.\/. PH\u00d5NG GD&\u0110T Y\u00caN TH\u00c0NH K\u1ef2 THI CH\u1eccN \u0110\u1ed8I TUY\u1ec2N D\u1ef0 THI HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2020-2021 \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C M\u00f4n thi: H\u00d3A H\u1eccC 9 (V\u00d2NG 3) (\u0110\u1ec1 g\u1ed3m 02 trang) (Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1 ) C\u00e2u I: (4 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u00e3y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sau: M \uf0be(\uf0be1)\uf0aeN \uf0be(\uf0be2)\uf0ae P \uf0be(\uf0be3)\uf0aeQ \uf0af \uf0be(\uf0be4)\uf0ae R \uf0af \uf0be(\uf0be5)\uf0ae T \uf0be(\uf0be6)\uf0ae M Cho bi\u1ebft M l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 2 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 (II) v\u00e0 (III) 2. C\u00f3 4 dung d\u1ecbch A, B, C, D m\u1ed7i dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed1i, c\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c axit kh\u00e1c nhau. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau: Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 1: Tr\u1ed9n dung dung d\u1ecbch A v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch B \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111un n\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9, th\u1ea5y tho\u00e1t ra kh\u00ed l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ecf gi\u1ea5y qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm \u1ea9m v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng . Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 2: Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch A v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch C, sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian th\u1ea5y s\u1ee7i b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 3: Tr\u1ed9n dung d\u1ecbch B v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch C ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch D, \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 4: Tr\u1ed9n dung d\u1ecbch C v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch D, th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0 s\u1ee7i b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed. H\u00e3y l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t A, B, C, D th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u II. (5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. C\u00f3 5 dung d\u1ecbch lo\u00e3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0: NaOH, HCl, H2SO4, BaCl2, Na2SO4. Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed l\u00e0 phenolphtalein h\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft 5 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean. 2. Tr\u00ean bao b\u00ec m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n NPK c\u00f3 ghi k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 20.10.10. Em h\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft: a. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean ? b. T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng( N, P, K) c\u00f3 trong lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n tr\u00ean. 3. Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng duy nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t h\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang Ag ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Ag, Cu, Fe \u1edf d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng sau khi t\u00e1ch Ag v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u. 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 468","C\u00e2u III. (4 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 42,4 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Fe3O4 v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i R trong dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c n\u00f3ng, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4,48 l\u00edt SO2 (\u0111ktc, l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1eed duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a H2SO4) v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch Y ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a 93,6 gam ch\u1ea5t tan g\u1ed3m 2 mu\u1ed1i sunfat trung h\u00f2a. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kim lo\u1ea1i R. 2. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Na, Ba, Na2O v\u00e0 BaO. H\u00f2a tan 43,8 gam v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,24 l\u00edt kh\u00ed H2 (\u0111ktc) v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch Y, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a 41,04 gam Ba(OH)2. H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 13,44 l\u00edt CO2 (\u0111ktc) v\u00e0o trong dung d\u1ecbch Y thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. T\u00ednh m? C\u00e2u IV .(4 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. M\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Al v\u00e0 Fe c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1,94 gam. Cho X v\u00e0o 0,5 l\u00edt dung d\u1ecbch A ch\u1ee9a AgNO3 0,2M v\u00e0 Cu(NO3)2 0,1M. Sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch C ch\u1ee9a ba mu\u1ed1i. Cho dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0 v\u00e0o C, l\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a nung trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5,6 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn D. a. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. b. T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a B v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7ac\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X ban \u0111\u1ea7u. 2. Cho m gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3pX g\u1ed3m Ba, BaO, Al v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch Y (ch\u1ee9a x mol Ba(OH)2 v\u00e0 y mol Ba(AlO2)2) v\u00e0 13,44 l\u00edt H2(\u0111ktc) .Nh\u1ecf nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch HCl v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Y, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. Em h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x v\u00e0 y v\u00e0 m. n Al(OH)3 0,2 0 0,1 0,3 0,7 nHCl C\u00e2u V : (3 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u00ecnh v\u1ebd sau m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed Z 1. N\u00eau nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed Z. 2. L\u1ea5y 3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed Z, r\u1ed3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t X, Y v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc minh h\u1ecda. Th\u00ed sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng HTTH, gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb coi thi kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u00ec th\u00eam! .\/. H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN CH\u1ea4M V\u00c0 BI\u1ec2U \u0110I\u1ec2M C\u00e2u N\u1ed9i Dung \u0110i\u1ec3m 1.1 (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 0,5 C\u00e2u I: M l\u00e0 Fe; N : FeCl3, P: FeCl2; Q: Fe(OH)2; R: Fe(OH)3; T: Fe2O3 4,0 M\u1ed7i PTHH vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 0,25 \u0111i\u1ec3m 1,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m 469 1. Fe + 3Cl2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2FeCl3 2. 2FeCl3 + Fe \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 3FeCl2 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0","3. FeCl2 + 2NaOH \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl 4. 4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 4 Fe(OH)3 5. 2Fe(OH)3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2Fe2O3 + 3H2O 6. 3H2 + Fe2O3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2Fe + 3H2O 1.2 (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) A: NaHSO4; B: BaCl2; C: Na2CO3; D: Al2(SO4)3 0,5 1,5 TN1: NaHSO4 + BaCl2 \uf0bet\uf0be0C\uf0ae NaCl + BaSO4 + HCl 2,5 TN2: NaHSO4 + Na2CO3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Na2SO4 + NaHCO3 0,5 NaHSO4 + NaHCO3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O 0,25 TN3: BaCl2 + Na2CO3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae BaCO3 + 2NaCl 0,25 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 3BaSO4 + 2AlCl3 TN4: 3Na2CO3 + Al2(SO4)3 +3H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 3Na2SO4 + 2Al(OH)3 + 3CO2 C\u00e2u II: 1. (2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang cho 0,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m. 5,0 - Tr\u00edch m\u1eabu th\u1eed, \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3m - Nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb phenol phtalein v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed: + N\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 NaOH + Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec l\u00e0 HCl, H2SO4, BaCl2 v\u00e0 Na2SO4 (nh\u00f3m 1) - Cho dung d\u1ecbch m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng (h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p NaOH v\u00e0 phenol phtalein) v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m 1, n\u1ebfu: + L\u00e0m nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 HCl, H2SO4 (nh\u00f3m 2) NaOH + HCl \u2192 NaCl + H2O 2NaOH + H2SO4 \u2192 Na2SO4 + 2H2O - Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng l\u00e0: BaCl2 v\u00e0 Na2SO4 (nh\u00f3m 3) - L\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u00f3m 2 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u00f3m 3, th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u00f3m 2 l\u00e0 H2SO4, ch\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u00f3m 3 l\u00e0 BaCl2. BaCl2 + H2SO4 \u2192 BaSO4 + 2HCl \uf0de Ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u1edf nh\u00f3m 2 l\u00e0 HCl, ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u1edf nh\u00f3m 3 l\u00e0 Na2SO4 2. (1,75 \u0111i\u1ec3m) a. K\u00ed hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y cho ta bi\u1ebft t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a N. P2O5. K2O trong m\u1eabu ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i tr\u00ean: %N = 20%; % P2O5 = 10%; % K2O = 10% b. - H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 N l\u00e0 20% - H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 P l\u00e0: 31.2 .100% = 4,4 % 142.10 - H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 K l\u00e0: 39.2 .100% = 8,3 % 0,25 94.10 0,25 3. (1,25 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch FeCl3 d\u01b0, l\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng tan, s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 ta 0,5 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ag. 0,5 Cu + 2FeCl3 \uf0ae CuCl2 + 2FeCl2 Fe + 2FeCl3 \uf0ae 3FeCl2 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 470","C\u00e2u 1. (2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) G\u1ecdi h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i R l\u00e0 n, s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a Fe3O4 v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i R III: l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 a v\u00e0 b. * Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1: 2 mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 Fe2(SO4)3, R2(SO4)n 4,0 2Fe3O4 + 10H2SO4 \uf0ae 3Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 10H2O \u0111i\u1ec3m a 1,5a 0,5a 0,5 2R + 2nH2SO4 \uf0ae R2(SO4)n + nSO2 + 2nH2O 0,25 b 0,5b 0,5nb 0,5 0,5 4,48 nSO2 = = 0,2 (mol) Theo b\u00e0i ra ta c\u00f3: 0,25 22,4 0,5 \uf0ec232a + Rb = 42,4 471 \uf0ed\uf0ef0,5a + 0,5nb = 0,2 \uf0ee\uf0ef600a + b(R + 48n) = 93,6 \uf0eca = 0,1 R 19,2 \uf0ed\uf0efRb n 0,3 \uf0de \uf0ef\uf0eenb = 19,2 \uf0de = = 64 = 0,3 Bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn: n123 R 64 (lo\u1ea1i) 128 (lo\u1ea1i) 192 (lo\u1ea1i) N\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1 lo\u1ea1i v\u00ec 1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Cu. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2: 2 mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 FeSO4, R2(SO4)n 2Fe3O4 + 10H2SO4 \uf0ae 3Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 10H2O a 1,5a 0,5a nFe2(SO4)3 + 2R \uf0ae 2nFeSO4 + R2(SO4)n 1,5a 3a 3a 1,5a n n 2R + 2nH2SO4 \uf0ae R2(SO4)n + nSO2 + 2nH2O (b - 3a ) (0,5b - 1,5a ) (0,5nb \u2013 1,5a) n n Theo b\u00e0i ta c\u00f3 h\u1ec7: \uf0ec232a + Rb = 42,4 \uf0ec232a + Rb = 42,4 \uf0ef\uf0ed0,5a + 0,5nb - 1,5a = 0,2 \uf0de \uf0ef\uf0ed- a + 0,5nb = 0,2 \uf0ef\uf0ee456a + b(R + 48n) = 93,6 \uf0ef\uf0ee456a + bR + 48nb = 93,6 \uf0eca = 0,1 \uf0ef\uf0edRb = 19,2 R 19,2 \uf0de \uf0ee\uf0efnb = 0,6 \uf0de n = 0,6 = 32 n1 2 3 64 (Cu) 96 (lo\u1ea1i) R 32 (lo\u1ea1i) V\u1eady kim lo\u1ea1i R l\u00e0 Cu. 2. (1,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0","Quy \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X th\u00e0nh 3 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 Ba, Na,O. G\u1ecdi x, y, z l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a Ba, Na, O Theo b\u00e0i ra ta c\u00f3: 137x + 23y + 16z = 43,8(I) 0,25 0,5 PTHH: Ba + 2H2O \uf0ae Ba(OH)2 + H2 0,25 2Na + 2H2O \uf0ae 2NaOH + H2 0,5 Theo b\u00e0i ra ta c\u00f3 : n Ba ( OH )2 = 41,04 \uf03d 0,24 mol \uf0de x= 0,24(II) 1,0 171 0,5 M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c: nH2 = x \uf02b y \uf02dz \uf03d 2, 24 \uf03d 0,1 (III) 472 2 22, 4 T\u1eeb I, II, III \uf0de y = 0,28; z = 0,28 V\u1eady trong dd Y g\u1ed3m 0,28 mol NaOH; 0,24 mol Ba(OH)2 Ta c\u00f3: nCO2 \uf03d 13, 44 \uf03d 0,6 mol > nBa(OH)2 , ta c\u00f3 c\u00e1c PTHH c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra 22, 4 nh\u01b0 sau: PTHH: CO2 + Ba(OH)2 \uf0ae BaCO3 + H2O (1) mol 0,24 : 0,24 : 0,24 CO2 + NaOH \uf0ae NaHCO3 (2) Mol 0,28 : 0,28 : 0,28 BaCO3 + CO2 + H2O \uf0ae Ba(HCO3)2 (4) Mol 0,08 : (0,6-0,24-0,28) V\u1eady mBaCO3 = m= (0,24-0,08). 197 = 31,52 gam C\u00e2u 1. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) IV: nAgNO3 \uf03d 0,5.0, 2 \uf03d 0,1mol; nCu(NO3)2 = 0,5. 0.1 = 0,05 mol 4,0 Dung d\u1ecbch C g\u1ed3m 3 mu\u1ed1i \uf0de C g\u1ed3m: Al(NO3)3; Fe(NO3)2; Cu(NO3)2 \u0111i\u1ec3m V\u1eady kim lo\u1ea1i Al, Fe ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft v\u00e0 r\u1eafn B c\u00f3 Ag( ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u00eam Cu). a. PTHH: Al + 3AgNO3 \uf0ae Al(NO3)3 + 3Ag (1) 2Al + 3Cu(NO3)2 \uf0ae 2Al(NO3)3 + 3Cu (2) Fe + 2AgNO3 \uf0ae Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag (3) Fe + Cu(NO3)2 \uf0ae Fe(NO3)2 + Cu (4) Al(NO3)3 + 3NaOH \uf0ae Al(OH)3 + 3NaNO3 (5) Fe(NO3)2 + 2NaOH \uf0ae Fe(OH)2 + 2NaNO3 (6) Cu(NO3)2 + 3NaOH \uf0ae Al(OH)3 + 3NaNO3 (7) Al(OH)3 + NaOH \uf0ae NaAlO2 + 2H2O (8) Cu(OH)2 \uf0bet\uf0be0\uf0ae CuO + H2O (9) 4Fe(OH)2 + O2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O (10) R\u1eafn D g\u1ed3m Fe2O3 v\u00e0 CuO. b. G\u1ecdi x, y l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol Al v\u00e0 Fe ban \u0111\u1ea7u. G\u1ecdi z l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol Cu(NO3)2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i Theo s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n mol nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Fe, Cu : 1 nFe = nFe2O3 = 0,5y; nCuO(D) = 2 (0,05 \u2013 z) mol Theo b\u00e0i ra ta c\u00f3: mhh = 27x + 56 y = 1,94 (I) mD = 0,5y.160 + (0,05-z).80 = 5,6 \uf0de 80y - 80z = 1,6 (II) 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0","Theo s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n mol NO3, ta c\u00f3: n \uf03d 2n \uf02b 3n \uf02b 2nNO3(A) Fe( NO3 )2 Al( NO3 )3 Cu( NO3 )2 (du) \uf0db 0,1 + 0,05.2 = 2y + 3x+ 2(0,05-z) \uf0de 3x + 2y \u2013 2z = 0,1 (III) T\u1eeb (I), (II), (III) \uf0de x = 0,02; y =0,025; z = 0,005 \uf0de mB = 0,1. 108 + 0,005.64 = 11,12 gam 0,25 0,25 \uf0de %mAl = 0, 02.27 .100% \uf03d 27,84% \uf0de %mFe = 100% - 27,84% = 72,16% 1, 94 0,5 0,5 2. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 0,5 C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra: Ba + 2H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Ba(OH)2 + H2 (1) 0,15 0,15 0,15 BaO + H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Ba(OH)2 (2) 0,05 0,05 Ba(OH)2 + 2H2O + 2Al \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Ba(AlO2)2 + 3H2 (3) 0,15 0,3 0,15 0,45 Ba(OH)2 + 2HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae BaCl2 + H2O (4) 0,05 0,1 Ba(AlO2)2 + 2HCl + 2H2O \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae BaCl2 + 2Al(OH)3 (5) y 2y 2y Al(OH)3 + 3HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae AlCl3 + 3H2O (6) 2y \u2013 0,2 (0,7-0,1-2y) T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nHCl = 0,1 mol ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (4) v\u1eeba h\u1ebft \uf0de nHCl ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (4) = 2 nBa(OH)2 trong ddY = 0,1 mol \uf0de x = 0,05 T\u1ea1i nHCl = 0,7 ; nAl(OH)3 = 0,2 mol => ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (6) x\u1ea3y ra: \uf0f0 Ba(AlO2)2 (5) = \u00bd nHCl (5)= y mol Ta c\u00f3 nAl(OH)3 (6) = 2y \u2013 0,2 = 1\/3 nHCl(6) = (0,7 -0,1-2y)\/3 \uf0de y = 0,15 Ta l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nBa(OH)2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (3) = n Ba(AlO2)2 = y= 0,15 \uf0de nAl(X) = 0,3 0,5 mol; nH2 (3) = 0,45 mol \uf0de nH2(1) = 13,44\/22,4 \u2013 0,45 = 0,15mol \uf0f0 nBa(1) = 0,15 mol. Ta l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 : nBa(OH)2 ddY = nBa(OH)2 (1,2)- nBa(OH)2 (3) \uf0de nBa(OH)2 (2) = 0,05 + 0,15 \u2013 0,15 = 0,05 mol \uf0f0 nBaO= 0,05 mol \uf0f0 m = 0,05 . 153 + 0,3.27 + 0,15.137 = 48,3 gam. V\u1eady m = 48,3 gam C\u00e2u V: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed Z: Cho dung d\u1ecbch X t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn Y 1,5 0,5 3,0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed Z b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea9y n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0111i\u1ec3m Kh\u00ed Z thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea9y n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean Z kh\u00f4ng tan ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t \u00edt tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00ed Z l\u00e0 H2; CO2 ho\u1eb7c O2. Zn + 2HCl \uf0ae ZnCl2 + H2 \uf0ad (Y) (X) (Z) CaCO3 + 2HCl \uf0ae CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 \uf0ad 0,5 (Y) (X) (Z) Na2O2 + 2H2O \uf0ae 2NaOH + O2 0,5 (Y) (X) (Z) L\u01b0u \u00fd: - H\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00fang v\u1eabn cho \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1i \u0111a - PTHH kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng sai cho n\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a PT, n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u1eeb 0,25 \u0111i\u1ec3m to\u00e0n b\u00e0i. 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 473","B. \u0110\u1ec0 T\u1ef0 LUY\u1ec6N (G\u1eecI \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N TR\u00caN NH\u00d3M ZALO HO\u1eb6C CH\u1eeeA TR\u00caN L\u1edaP) PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI L\u1edaP 9 QU\u1eacN \u0110\u1ed0NG \u0110A N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2020 - 2021 M\u00f4n thi: Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) Ng\u00e0y thi: 31\/10\/2020 C\u00e2u 1. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, b\u1ed9 dung c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 thu kh\u00ed SO2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh b\u00ean: a. Theo h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u00ean, kh\u00ed SO2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ecnh thu kh\u00ed? b. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh dung d\u1ecbch X, ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn Y v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch X. Vi\u1ebft 1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa X v\u00e0 Y? c. N\u00eau vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u00f4ng t\u1ea9m dung d\u1ecbch Z. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc minh h\u1ecda. d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 kh\u00ed SO2 b\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch? 2. Antacid l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh baz\u01a1 y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c antacid l\u00e0 natri hi\u0111rocacbonat. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao khi b\u1ecb \u0111au d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y, vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc minh h\u1ecda? 3. C\u00f3 4 l\u1ecd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t m\u1ea5t nh\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 X, Y, Z, T. M\u1ed7i l\u1ecd \u0111\u1ef1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch sau: BaCl2; Na3PO4; NaHSO4; Na2CO3. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ef1ng trong m\u1ed7i l\u1ecd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 sau: - Cho dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf l\u1ecd X v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf l\u1ecd Z th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u. - Cho dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf l\u1ecd Y v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf l\u1ecd Z v\u00e0 T \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. H\u00e3y bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ef1ng trong c\u00e1c l\u1ecd. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra? C\u00e2u 2. (6,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t X, Y, E, F, R v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a sau: Bi\u1ebft R l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i. 2. H\u00e3y n\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u1ed7i th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau: a. S\u1ee5c t\u1eeb t\u1eeb kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111un n\u00f3ng dung d\u1ecbch. b. Cho BaO v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch (NH4)2SO4. c. Cho Na v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch FeCl2 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111em \u0111un n\u00f3ng trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 474","3. Cho V l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u1ed1c th\u1ee7y tinh. Sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam m gam mu\u1ed1i \u0103n v\u00e0o khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t \u00edt kh\u00f4ng tan, l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111un nh\u1eb9 th\u1ea5y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i trong c\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u tan. \u0110\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed9i dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ea5y mu\u1ed1i k\u1ebft tinh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00eau tr\u00ean? C\u00e2u 3. (2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 7,87 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p B g\u1ed3m Zn v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t oxit s\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c n\u00f3ng, d\u01b0. Sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 0,6496 l\u00edt SO2 (l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1eed duy nh\u1ea5t, \u1edf \u0111ktc) v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch Y. C\u00f4 c\u1ea1n dung d\u1ecbch Y thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 20,254 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p mu\u1ed1i khan. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a oxit s\u1eaft. C\u00e2u 4. (2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) \u0110\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n a gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A g\u1ed3m: K; K2O; K2SO3 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 dung d\u1ecbch HCl 16%, sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,568 l\u00edt h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed D c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 kh\u1ed1i so v\u1edbi H2 l\u00e0 16,5 v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch E ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed1i duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 25,924% (gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc bay h\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3). C\u00f4 c\u1ea1n dung d\u1ecbch E thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 29,8 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn khan. C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00ed \u0111o \u1edf \u0111ktc. a. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra? b. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a a? C\u00e2u 5. (2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) \u0110\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 18 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m MgO, CuO v\u00e0 Fe2O3 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng 400 ml dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 0,75M. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y 0,6 mol h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng trong \u1ed1ng s\u1ee9 (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed) r\u1ed3i th\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed H2 d\u01b0 \u0111i qua \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn v\u00e0 13,5 gam n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong X? C\u00e2u 6. (2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m1 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p K2SO3 v\u00e0 M2(CO3)n v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch A. Dung d\u1ecbch A t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi m2 gam dung d\u1ecbch Ca(OH)2 3,7%, sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a B v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch D. L\u1ecdc k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a B, cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 dung d\u1ecbch HCl 7,3%, sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch E v\u00e0 5,4 gam kh\u00ed G c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 kh\u1ed1i so v\u1edbi nit\u01a1 oxit l\u00e0 1,8. C\u00f4 c\u1ea1n dung d\u1ecbch D thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 9,6 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn khan. a. T\u00ednh c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m1 v\u00e0 m2? b. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh M v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 % c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong dung d\u1ecbch E? -------------------- H\u1ebft -------------------- UBND TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 CAO L\u00c3NH K\u00cc THI H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI L\u1edaP 9 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0103m h\u1ecdc 2020 - 2021 M\u00f4n: Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc Ng\u00e0y thi: 13\/12\/2020 Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Cho: H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Ag = 108; Ba = 137. N0 = 6,02\uf0b41023 . C\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111o \u1edf \u0111ktc. C\u00e2u 1. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1.1. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau: a. Cho a mol NaOH v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch ch\u01b0a a mol Ca(HCO3)2. b. Cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ea9u nh\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i Na v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4. c. Nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m NaHCO3 v\u00e0 CaCO3. d. \u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n dung d\u1ecbch NaCl c\u00f3 m\u00e0ng ng\u0103n. e. S\u1ee5c kh\u00ed CO2 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch g\u1ed3m NaOH v\u00e0 Na2CO3. 1.2. Kim lo\u1ea1i Fe t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi clo v\u00e0 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh theo hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau: Fe + S \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae FeS 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 475","2Fe + 3Cl2 \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae 2FeCl3 T\u1eeb hai ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean h\u00e3y: - So s\u00e1nh t\u00ednh phi kim c\u1ee7a l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 clo? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch? - D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa Cl2 v\u00e0 kh\u00ed H2S. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) 1.3. Theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng s\u1ebd g\u1ecdi theo danh ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IUPAC). Em h\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00ean sau: a. Potassium chloride b. Calcium sulfate c. Nitrogen dioxide d. Sodium hydroxyde C\u00e2u 2. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 2.1. C\u00f3 3 dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4; Fe2(SO4)3 v\u00e0 HCl trong c\u00e1c l\u1ecd ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. a. N\u00eau c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft t\u1eebng dung d\u1ecbch? b. Vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) khi cho t\u1eebng dung d\u1ecbch t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch KOH. 2.2. H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m gam Fe3C v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch HNO3 lo\u00e3ng, x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 sau: Fe3C + HNO3 \uf0ae A + B + C + D Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: A l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch KOH t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch BaCl2. B l\u00e0 kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y) C l\u00e0 kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u h\u00f3a n\u00e2u trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. D l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u00f4i \u1edf 100oC. a. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t A, B, C, D (kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch) b. N\u1ebfu sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5,824 l\u00edt kh\u00ed B. Cho bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? Bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 80%. 2.3. Cho 0,08 mol kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a 0,05 mol Ca(OH)2 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch B. Cho dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 0,1M v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch B \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 V ml dung d\u1ecbch NaOH. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x v\u00e0 V? C\u00e2u 3. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 3.1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 t\u1eeb X1 \u0111\u1ebfn X11 v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau: (1) X1 + X2 \uf0ae X3 + X4; (2) X3 + X5 \uf0ae X6 + X7; (3) X6 + X8 + X9 \uf0ae X10; (4) X10 \uf0ae X11 + X8; (5) X11 + X4 \uf0ae X1 + X8; Bi\u1ebft X3 l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i s\u1eaft (II) clorua. 3.2. Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Fe (2x mol); Fe2O3 (1,5x mol) v\u00e0 FeCO3 (x mol). H\u00f2a tan h\u1ebft m gam X trong dung d\u1ecbch HCl, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,568 l\u00edt h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m 2 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 kh\u1ed1i so v\u1edbi H2 b\u1eb1ng 10 v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch Y ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a mu\u1ed1i clorua. a. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m? b. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra? c. Cho Y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c p gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a p? C\u00e2u 4. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 4.1. D\u1eabn m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed CO d\u01b0 \u0111i qua h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p m gam c\u00e1c oxit g\u1ed3m: CaO (x mol); CuO (x mol); Fe2O3 (2x mol); Al2O3 (x mol) nung n\u00f3ng. Sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 476","h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed A v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p r\u1eafn B. Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p B v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch C v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p r\u1eafn D. Cho D v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 0,08 mol kh\u00ed H2. S\u1ee5c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed A v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch C thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch G v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a H. V\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t A, B, C, D, E, G, H. T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B; D; H v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m? 4.2. N\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra khi cho dung d\u1ecbch NaHSO4 lo\u00e3ng v\u00e0o: a. BaCl2 b. MgCO3 c. NaOH d. Ca. 4.3. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sau: Cu \uf0be(\uf0be1)\uf0ae CuO \uf0be(\uf0be2)\uf0ae CuSO4 \uf0be(\uf0be3)\uf0ae Cu(OH)2 \uf0be(\uf0be4)\uf0ae [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2 C\u00e2u 5. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 5.1. H\u00f2a tan a gam oxit c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i M c\u00f3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb (II) b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 24,5% (lo\u00e3ng) thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i A c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 33,33%. a. T\u00ecm c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a oxit. b. \u0110un n\u00f3ng 360 gam dung d\u1ecbch A cho t\u1edbi khi c\u00f3 40,072 gam h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bay ra, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 10oC th\u00ec th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 150 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a B t\u00e1ch ra. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a B, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9 tan c\u1ee7a MSO4 \u1edf 10oC l\u00e0 17,4 gam. 5.2. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn X g\u1ed3m Fe, FeO, Fe3O4; Fe2O3. H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 14,4 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X trong dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c, n\u00f3ng d\u01b0, tho\u00e1t ra 4,032 l\u00edt kh\u00ed SO2 (s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1eed duy nh\u1ea5t), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a m gam mu\u1ed1i khan. a. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra? b. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol H2SO4 tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. -------------------- H\u1ebft -------------------- Th\u00ed sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng B\u1ea3ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ea7m tay. Gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u00ec th\u00eam! PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O K\u00cc THI H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 L\u00c0O CAI N\u0103m h\u1ecdc 2020 - 2021 M\u00f4n: Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) Ng\u00e0y thi: 12\/01\/2021 C\u00e2u 1. (6,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1.1. N\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau: a. Nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch NaOH cho \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3. b. Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Fe2O3 v\u00e0 Cu c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 mol l\u00e0 1 : 1 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch HCl d\u01b0. c. Nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb cho \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch KOH. d. Nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch HCl cho \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch K2CO3. e. Nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch BaCl2 cho \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4. 1.2. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng mu\u1ed1i sau: BaCO3; CaSO4; Pb(NO3)2; NaCl. Mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0o n\u00f3i tr\u00ean: a. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0103n v\u00ec t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. b. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0103n v\u00ec v\u1ecb m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3? c. Kh\u00f4ng tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao? d. R\u1ea5t \u00edt tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao? 1.3. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng th\u00eam qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch m\u1ea5t nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ef1ng trong c\u00e1c l\u1ecd ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t: KHSO4; BaCl2; KHCO3; Na2SO3; K2S; KCl. 1.4. Cho c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau: Oxit (A1) + dung d\u1ecbch axit (A2) \u0111\u1eb7c \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae (A3) \uf0ad + ... + ... Oxit (B1) + dung d\u1ecbch baz\u01a1 (B2) \u0111\u1eb7c \uf0ae (B3) \uf0af + .... 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 477","Mu\u1ed1i (D1) \uf0bet\uf0beo \uf0ae (A1) + (D2) \uf0ad + ... Mu\u1ed1i (D1) + dung d\u1ecbch axit (A2) \u0111\u1eb7c \uf0ae (A3) \uf0ad + ... + ... + ... Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: kh\u00ed A3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng l\u1ee5c; mu\u1ed1i D1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u t\u00edm v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed oxi trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m; ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n: MB1 + MD1 = 300; MB2 - MA2 = 37,5. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t A1; A2; A3; B1; B2; B3; D1; D2 v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u 2. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 2.1. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4ng gi\u00e1 r\u00e9t, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u1ea5m c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra khuy\u1ebfn cao kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1t than \u0111\u1ec3 s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m trong ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn. B\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc em h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao? 2.2. Nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 75,2 gam Cu(NO3)2 sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed B. a. T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng? b. Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed B t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH, t\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng? 2.3. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A g\u1ed3m x mol SO2 v\u00e0 5x mol kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Nung n\u00f3ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A v\u1edbi V2O5 x\u00fac t\u00e1c thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed B. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u1ec9 kh\u1ed1i h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a A so v\u1edbi B b\u1eb1ng 0,93. H\u00e3y t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa SO2 v\u00e0 O2? Cho bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a 80% N2 v\u00e0 20% O2 theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch. C\u00e2u 3. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 3.1. Cho h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed oxi trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. a. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ba ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi A trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00ean, vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra? b. Khi d\u1eebng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, n\u00ean t\u1eaft \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay th\u00e1o \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc? T\u1ea1i sao? c. V\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu kh\u00ed oxi b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea9y n\u01b0\u1edbc? \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 thu kh\u00ed oxi? S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf O2 3.2. C\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau gam Na2O \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o bao nhi\u00eau gam dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 17% \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 500 gam dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 25%. 3.3. Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb V ml dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 1M v\u00e0o 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch g\u1ed3m HCl 0,5M v\u00e0 Al2(SO4)3 0,25M. \u0110\u1ed3 th\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a theo V nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh b\u00ean. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a a v\u00e0 b? C\u00e2u 4. (6,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 4.1. H\u00f2a tan to\u00e0n 64,4 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9t X g\u1ed3m FexOy v\u00e0 Cu b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 \u0111\u1eb7c n\u00f3ng, d\u01b0. Sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5,04 l\u00edt kh\u00ed SO2 (s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1eed duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111ktc) v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a 166 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p mu\u1ed1i sunfat. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a oxit s\u1eaft. 4.2. Cho m gam dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 x% (lo\u00e3ng), t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p hai kim lo\u1ea1i K v\u00e0 Na, sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 0,052m gam H2. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x? 4.3. H\u00f2a tan h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p 6,4 gam CuO v\u00e0 8 gam Fe2O3 trong 155 ml dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 1M \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng tan. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m? -------------------- H\u1ebft -------------------- 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 478","PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O K\u00cc THI H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI C\u1ea4P TH\u1eca X\u00c3 TH\u1eca X\u00c3 SAPA N\u0103m h\u1ecdc 2020 - 2021 M\u00f4n: Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1. (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u00e0y thi: 16\/01\/2021 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a sau v\u00e0 ghi r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3): 2. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng th\u00eam thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 axit HCl, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eebng dung d\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t nh\u00e3n g\u1ed3m: MgSO4; NaOH; BaCl2; NaCl. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra? C\u00e2u 2. (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c kh\u00ed H2S; NO2; SO2; CO2; Cl2 g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Em h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c kh\u00ed tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. 2. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m CO v\u00e0 O2 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch 10,08 l\u00edt (\u0111ktc). K\u00edch th\u00edch cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 7,84 l\u00edt h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed Y g\u1ed3m CO2 v\u00e0 O2. T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n % c\u00e1c kh\u00ed trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X? C\u00e2u 3. (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Quan s\u00e1t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m (h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd) v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi sau: a. T\u1ea1i sao \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng xu\u1ed1ng? b. T\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch Ca(OH)2? c. Cho bi\u1ebft m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch? d. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh trong c\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch Ca(OH)2 sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng? C\u00e2u 4. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho V l\u00edt h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed A g\u1ed3m H2 v\u00e0 CO c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 kh\u1ed1i so v\u1edbi kh\u00ed H2 l\u00e0 8,8 qua b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a 40 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c oxit Fe2O3; Al2O3 v\u00e0 CuO nung n\u00f3ng. K\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed C. H\u00f2a tan ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch HCl d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch D v\u00e0 4,48 l\u00edt kh\u00ed (\u0111ktc). Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng tan c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 12,8 gam. D\u1eabn kh\u00ed C qua dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong l\u1ea5y d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. Cho dung d\u1ecbch NaOH l\u1ea5y d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch D thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t duy nh\u1ea5t. a. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra? b. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a V, m v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n % theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c oxit trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p? C\u00e2u 5. (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 10% v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 60%. Em h\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pha ch\u1ebf 40 gam dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 20% t\u1eeb hai dung d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean? (C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7) 2. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng 750 ml dung d\u1ecbch HCl 1M \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan 12,75 gam oxit c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i R (h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb III). H\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a oxit v\u00e0 t\u00ean kim lo\u1ea1i R? C\u00e2u 6. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho 2,8 gam b\u1ed9t Fe v\u00e0 0,81 gam Al v\u00e0o 100 ml dung d\u1ecbch A ch\u1ee9a Cu(NO3)2 v\u00e0 AgNO3. Khu\u1ea5y k\u1ef9 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B g\u1ed3m 3 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 8,12 gam. Cho ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch HCl d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 0,672 l\u00edt H2 (\u0111ktc). T\u00ednh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mo c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng mu\u1ed1i trong dung d\u1ecbch A. -------------------- H\u1ebft -------------------- 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 479","UBND TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 H\u1ea0 LONG K\u00cc THI H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI L\u1edaP 9 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0103m h\u1ecdc 2020 - 2021 M\u00f4n: Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc - B\u1ea3ng A \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Ng\u00e0y thi: 08\/12\/2020 Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1. (7,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. B\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: a. V\u00ec sao mu\u1ed1i NaHCO3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf thu\u1ed1c \u0111au d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y? b. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef: \\\"N\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u00e1 m\u00f2n\\\"? c. T\u1ea1i sao khi \u0111un, n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ebfng khoan ng\u1ea7m \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u1eb7n \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y \u1ea5m? d. T\u1ea1i sao nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. 2. Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A g\u1ed3m Al2O3, MgO, Fe3O4, CuO. D\u1eabn kh\u00ed CO d\u01b0 \u0111i qua A nung n\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B. H\u00f2a tan B v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch C v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn D. Cho dung d\u1ecbch HCl d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch C. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a B, C, D. 3. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed X g\u1ed3m CO2; SO3; SO2 v\u00e0 H2. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra? 4. Cho 3 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 sau: - Kh\u00ed X r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c, ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ee5c dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong. - Kh\u00ed Y ch\u00e1y trong O2 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00ed, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m CuSO4 khan t\u1eeb m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u xanh. - Kh\u00ed Z kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y, l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh X, Y, Z l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00ed n\u00e0o? Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc minh h\u1ecda? C\u00e2u 2. (4,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. D\u1eabn 10 l\u00edt h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed A g\u1ed3m CO v\u00e0 CO2 (\u0111ktc) v\u00e0o 100 ml dung d\u1ecbch Ba(OH)2 2M. C\u00f4 c\u1ea1n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 42,5 gam mu\u1ed1i. T\u00ednh % th\u1ec3 t\u00edch m\u1ed7i kh\u00ed trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A. Bi\u1ebft H = 100%. 2. Cho dung d\u1ecbch X ch\u1ee9a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p HCl 0,1M v\u00e0 H2SO4 0,2M. Dung d\u1ecbch Y ch\u1ee9a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p NaOH 0,05M v\u00e0 Ba(OH)2 0,1M. L\u1ea5y 50 ml dung d\u1ecbch X, th\u00eam qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm v\u00e0o th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf. Th\u00eam V ml dung d\u1ecbch Y v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch X th\u1ea5y qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u00e0u t\u00edm. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a V? C\u00e2u 3. (5,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. H\u00f2a tan 6,45 gam m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m hai kim lo\u1ea1i A v\u00e0 B (\u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb II) trong dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, d\u01b0. Sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,12 l\u00edt kh\u00ed (\u0111ktc) v\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 3,2 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng tan. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng tan n\u00e0y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 0,5M thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch D v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i E. L\u1ecdc b\u1ecf E r\u1ed3i c\u00f4 c\u1ea1n dung d\u1ecbch D thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mu\u1ed1i khan F. a. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hai kim lo\u1ea1i A v\u00e0 B. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng A \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc B trong d\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. b. \u0110em nung F sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6,16 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn G v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed M. T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed M? 2. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u00f4m v\u1edbi 5,76 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A g\u1ed3m Al v\u00e0 FeO (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed) thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p r\u1eafn B. Cho B v\u00e0o 10 gam dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 20% thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn C v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch D. C\u00f4 c\u1ea1n dung d\u1ecbch D thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,68 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn khan. H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn C trong dung d\u1ecbch HCl d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,008 l\u00edt kh\u00ed (\u0111ktc). T\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u00f4m? C\u00e2u 4. (2,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) \u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m FeS2 v\u00e0 Cu2S thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed SO2 v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p r\u1eafn D g\u1ed3m Fe2O3 v\u00e0 CuO. Chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 SO2 th\u00e0nh SO3 r\u1ed3i h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u1ebft v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch E. Cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 D v\u00e0o c\u1ed1c ch\u1ee9a dung d\u1ecbch E, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam ti\u1ebfp 375 ml dung d\u1ecbch HCl 2M v\u00e0o c\u1ed1c th\u00ec D v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 tan h\u1ebft t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch F. Cho dung d\u1ecbch F t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch BaCl2 d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 116,5 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m? -------------------- H\u1ebft -------------------- 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 480","20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 481","20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 482","UBND TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 TH\u00c1I NGUY\u00caN K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI L\u1edaP 9 PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2021-2022 M\u00d4N : H\u00d3A H\u1eccC \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. D\u1eabn lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed H2 d\u01b0 \u0111i qua h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A g\u1ed3m MgO, Na2O, CuO, Fe3O4, BaO (nung n\u00f3ng). Sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B. H\u00f2a ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch X v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn D kh\u00f4ng tan. L\u1ea5y ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn D cho v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch axit HCl d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch M v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn R. Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch X thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a Y. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 trong B, X, D, M, R, Y. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. 2. \u0110\u1eb7t hai c\u1ed1c th\u1ee7y tinh c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng nhau tr\u00ean hai \u0111\u0129a c\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u00e2n. R\u00f3t dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng v\u00e0o hai c\u1ed1c v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng nhau, c\u00e2n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng. Cho hai m\u1eabu kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng nhau, m\u1eabu 1 l\u00e0 Zn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1c, m\u1eabu 2 l\u00e0 Fe v\u00e0o c\u1ed1c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed Zn, Fe \u0111\u1ec1u tan h\u1ebft trong dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng th\u00ec c\u00e2n s\u1ebd nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 b\u00ean n\u00e0o? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. C\u00e2u 2. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m CaCO3, NaCl, BaSO4. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. 2. Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t A, B, C, D th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c PTHH ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 sau: A (1) +D +D (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) B Fe2(SO4)3 FeCl3 Fe(NO3)3 A B C (2) (3) +D C C\u00e2u 3. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Tr\u1ed9n 500 ml dung d\u1ecbch NaOH n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 xM v\u1edbi 500 ml dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 yM thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch E. Dung d\u1ecbch E c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a tan v\u1eeba h\u1ebft 1,02 gam A12O3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, cho dung d\u1ecbch E t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch BaCl2 d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 23,3 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x, y. 2. H\u00f2a tan h\u1ebft 3,2 gam oxit M2Om (M l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i) trong m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 dung d\u1ecbch H2SO410%, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 12,9%. S\u1ea1u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111em c\u00f4 c\u1ea1n b\u1edbt dung d\u1ecbch, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7,868 gam tinh th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t k\u1ebft tinh l\u00e0 70%. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. C\u00e2u 4. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. D\u1eabn H2 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 \u0111i qua 25,6 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Fe3O4, MgO, CuO (nung n\u00f3ng) cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 20,8 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, cho 0,15 mol h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi 225 ml dung d\u1ecbch HC1 2,0M. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00ednh % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X. 2. H\u00f2a tan NaOH r\u1eafn v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh 2 dung d\u1ecbch A v\u00e0 B v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch A g\u1ea5p 3 l\u1ea7n n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch B. N\u1ebfu \u0111em tr\u1ed9n hai dung d\u1ecbch A v\u00e0 B theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mA : mB = 5 : 2 th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch C c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 20%. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch A v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch B. C\u00e2u 5. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 483","X l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a hai kim lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m kim lo\u1ea1i R v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m A. L\u1ea5y 9,3 gam X cho v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4,48 l\u00edt kh\u00ed H2 (\u0111ktc). Cho th\u00eam 1,95 gam kim lo\u1ea1i kali v\u00e0o 9,3 gam X \u1edf tr\u00ean, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kali l\u00e0 52%. L\u1ea5y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Y cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch KOH d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8,4 l\u00edt kh\u00ed H2 (\u0111ktc). Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kim lo\u1ea1i A v\u00e0 R. Cho:Cu=64; O=16; Cl=35,5; C=12; Na=23; K=39; Mg=24; Al=27; Fe=56; Ba=137, Ca=40 \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026H\u1ebft\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026 Th\u00ed sinh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 coi thi kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u00ec th\u00eam. UBND TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 S\u00d4NG C\u00d4NG K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI L\u1edaP 9 PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2021-2022 \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C M\u00d4N : H\u00d3A H\u1eccC Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t sau: CuO, SO3, H2O, HCl, NaOH, NaHCO3, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhau t\u1eebng \u0111\u00f4i m\u1ed9t. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. 2. Cho A l\u00e0 oxit, B l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i, D l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i, E l\u00e0 phi kim. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi A, B, D, E v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau: a. A + HCl \u2192 2 mu\u1ed1i + H2O; b. B + NaOH \u2192 2 mu\u1ed1i + H2O c. D + Mu\u1ed1i \u2192 1 mu\u1ed1i; d. E + Axit \u2192 3 oxit C\u00e2u 2. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Cho c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t CaCO3, NaCl, H2O v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf dung d\u1ecbch g\u1ed3m 2 mu\u1ed1i Na2CO3 v\u00e0 NaHCO3 c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 mol l\u00e0 1:1. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. 2. C\u00f3 ba g\u00f3i b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u00e3n, m\u1ed7i g\u00f3i ch\u1ee9a ri\u00eang r\u1ebd h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p hai ch\u1ea5t sau: Na2SO3 v\u00e0 K2SO3; NaCl v\u00e0 KCl; MgSO4 v\u00e0 BaCl2. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ba g\u00f3i m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u1edf tr\u00ean. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u 3. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. C\u00f3 m\u1ed7i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p 3 kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb II \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u0111ro trong d\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 3:5:7. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 4:2:1. Khi h\u00f2a tan 11,6 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch HCl th\u1ea5y tho\u00e1t ra 7,84 l\u00edt kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro (\u0111ktc). X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng. 2. Trong m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a 7,08 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng r\u1ed3i cho d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro d\u01b0 \u0111i qua. Sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong \u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 5,88 gam s\u1eaft. N\u1ebfu cho 7,08 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4 d\u01b0, l\u1eafc k\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, l\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111em c\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7,44 gam. T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ban \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e2u 4. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho a gam Fe h\u00f2a tan trong dung d\u1ecbch HCl, c\u00f4 c\u1ea1n dung d\u1ecbch sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,1 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu cho a gam Fe v\u00e0 b gam Mg c\u0169ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch HCl nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4,48 ml kh\u00ed H2 (\u0111ktc), c\u00f4 c\u1ea1n ph\u1ea7n dung d\u1ecbch th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,34 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a a v\u00e0 b. C\u00e2u 5. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) D\u00f9ng V l\u00edt CO (\u0111ktc) kh\u1eed ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 4 gam m\u1ed9t oxit kim lo\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed X. T\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed X so v\u1edbi H2 l\u00e0 19. Cho X h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o 2,5 l\u00edt dung d\u1ecbch Ca(OH)2 0,025M ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. 1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a oxit kim lo\u1ea1i. 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 484","2. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a V. Cho: Cu=64; O=16; Cl=35,5; C=12; Na=23; K=39; Mg=24; Al=27; Fe=56; Ba=137; Ca=40 \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026H\u1ebft\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026 Th\u00ed sinh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 coi thi kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u00ec th\u00eam UBND HUY\u1ec6N \u0110\u1ed2NG H\u1ef6 K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI L\u1edaP 9 PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2021-2022 M\u00d4N : H\u00d3A H\u1eccC \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1(4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m). a. Ch\u1ea5t X v\u1eeba t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, v\u1eeba t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi X l\u00e0: (1) kim lo\u1ea1i ; (2) oxit; (3) hi\u0111roxit; (4) mu\u1ed1i. b. N\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau - Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 1: Cho Na v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4. - Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 2: Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch KOH v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3. -Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 3: Cho b\u1ed9t Cu v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch FeCl3. - Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 4: Cho r\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch HCl v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch K2CO3 v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u. C\u00e2u 2(4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m). a. Cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a sau: CaCO3 (1) CaO A B C CaCO3 (2) (3) (4) (7) (8) (5) (6) B D H\u00e3y t\u00ecm c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u00e1i: A, B, C, D. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra b. C\u00f3 n\u0103m ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn BaCl2, Na2SO4, CaCO3, Na2CO3, CaSO4.2H2O \u0111\u1ef1ng trong n\u0103m l\u1ecd ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n. Ch\u1ecdn hai h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ef1ng trong m\u1ed7i l\u1ecd. Vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra C\u00e2u 3(3,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch KAl(SO4)2.12H2O b\u00e3o h\u00f2a \u1edf 200C l\u00e0 5,66%. a. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 tan c\u1ee7a KAl(SO4)2.12H2O \u1edf 200C. b. L\u1ea5y 900 gam dung d\u1ecbch b\u00e3o h\u00f2a KAl(SO4)2.12H2O \u1edf 200C \u0111em \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i h\u1ebft 300 gam n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn 200C. H\u1ecfi c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau gam tinh th\u1ec3 ph\u00e8n KAl(SO4)2.12H2O k\u1ebft tinh. C\u00e2u 4(3,5 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Trong c\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ef1ng 19,88 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9t MgO v\u00e0 Al2O3. Cho 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch HCl v\u00e0o c\u1ed1c v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. L\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 47,38 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn khan. Cho ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u1ed1c 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch HCl (\u1edf tr\u00ean) v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u. Sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 50,68 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn khan. a. T\u00ednh CM c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch HCl b. T\u00ednh % kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A. C\u00e2u 5(5,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 485","Tr\u1ed9n hai dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 1,2M v\u00e0 Cu(NO3)2 1,6M v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch A. Th\u00eam 1,62 gam b\u1ed9t nh\u00f4m v\u00e0o 100 ml dung d\u1ecbch A, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch C. a. T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a B. b. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. c. Th\u00eam 240ml dung d\u1ecbch NaOH v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch C thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a D. L\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y D nung n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho kh\u00ed CO \u0111i qua cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn E. Cho bi\u1ebft E g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn c\u00f3 trong E. Cho: Cu = 64; O = 16; Cl = 35,5; C = 12; Na = 23; K = 39; Mg = 24; Al = 27; Fe = 56; Ba = 137; Ca = 40. - - - - H\u1ebft- - - - UBND HUY\u1ec6N \u0110\u1ea0I T\u1eea K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI L\u1edaP 9 PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2021-2022 M\u00d4N : H\u00d3A H\u1eccC \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. N\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng PTHH khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau: a. Nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch NaOH \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3. b. Cho v\u1ee5n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 98% r\u1ed3i nung n\u00f3ng. c. Cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ea9u kim lo\u1ea1i Na v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4. d. S\u1ee5c t\u1eeb t\u1eeb cho \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch NaAlO2. 2. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm, h\u00e3y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t nh\u00e3n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t sau: HCl, Ba(OH)2, Na2SO4, H2SO4, KOH. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u 2. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 sau \u0111\u00e2y: a. FeS2 + O2 (A) + (B); b. (A) + HCl (C) + H2O c. (C) + NaOH (D) + (E) d. (D) (A) + H2O e. (B) + O2 (F) f. (F) + H2O (G) g. (G) + (H) (I) + H2O h. (B) + (K) + H2O (G) + HCl 2. V\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 minh h\u1ecda b\u1eb1ng PTHH. C\u00e2u 3. (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Kh\u1eed ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 3,12 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m CuO v\u00e0 FexOy b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed H2 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, s\u00e2u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,32 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. H\u00f2a tan ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn n\u00e0y v\u00e0o 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng (v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7) th\u00ec c\u00f3 0,672 l\u00edt kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra (\u0111ktc). 1. T\u00ednh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 CM c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng. 2. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a FexOy. C\u00e2u 4. (5,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Cho 12,9 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A g\u1ed3m Mg v\u00e0 Al t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kh\u00ed clo, nung n\u00f3ng. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 41,3 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B. Cho to\u00e1n b\u1ed9 B tan h\u1ebft trong dung d\u1ecbch HCl, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch C v\u00e0 kh\u00ed H2. D\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H2 n\u00e0y qua \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1ng 20 gam CuO nung n\u00f3ng. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn 16,8 gam. Bi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 80% H2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u1ed1 mol m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t trong A. 2. C\u00f3 15 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Al v\u00e0 Mg \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 2 ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau. Ph\u1ea7n 1 cho v\u00e0o 600 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 486","ml dung d\u1ecbch HCl c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 x mol\/l thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed A v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch B, c\u00f4 c\u1ea1n dung d\u1ecbch B thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 27,9 gam mu\u1ed1i khan (th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 1). Ph\u1ea7n 2 cho v\u00e0o 800 ml dung d\u1ecbch HCl c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 x mol\/l v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 32,35 gam mu\u1ed1i khan (th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7m 2). T\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n % v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i kim lo\u1ea1i trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 x. C\u00e2u 5. (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Na, Ba, Na2O, BaO. H\u00f2a tan 43,8 gam X v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,24 l\u00edt H2 (\u1edf \u0111ktc) v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch Y, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 41,04 gam Ba(OH)2. H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 13,44 l\u00edt CO2 (\u1edf \u0111ktc) v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Y thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. T\u00ednh m. Cho: Cu=64; O=16; Cl=35,5; C=12; Na=23; K=39; Mg=24; Al=27; Fe=56; Ba=137; Ca=40 \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026H\u1ebft\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026 UBND HUY\u1ec6N \u0110\u1ecaNH H\u00d3A K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI L\u1edaP 9 PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2021-2022 M\u00d4N : H\u00d3A H\u1eccC \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang t\u1eebng oxit ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m CuO, Al2O3 v\u00e0 Fe2O3. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. 2. N\u00eau hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra khi: a. S\u1ee5c kh\u00ed CO2 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong. b. Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch KOH v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Al2(SO4)3. c. Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch Al2(SO4)3 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch KOH. C\u00e2u 2. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p BaCO3, MgCO3, Al2O3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A v\u00e0 kh\u00ed D. H\u00f2a tan ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A trong n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch B v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a E. S\u1ee5c kh\u00ed D (d\u01b0) v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch B th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. H\u00f2a tan E trong dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0 th\u1ea5y tan m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh A, B, C, D, E v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. 2. Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch NaOH h\u00e3y nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft 6 l\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ef1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u1eebng dung d\u1ecbch sau: K2CO3, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, Al2(SO4)3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u 3. (5,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho 6,45 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p hai kim lo\u1ea1i X v\u00e0 Y (c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb II) t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, d\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,2 l\u00edt kh\u00ed (\u0111ktc) v\u00e0 3,2 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn n\u00e0y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 0,5M \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 0,5M \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch D v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i E. L\u1ecdc E v\u00e0 c\u00f4 c\u1ea1n d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch D thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mu\u1ed1i khan F. 1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kim lo\u1ea1i X, Y. Bi\u1ebft X \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc Y trong d\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. 2. T\u00ednh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mol c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t tan trong dung d\u1ecbch D. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, khi cho ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch th\u00ec c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. 3. \u0110em nung F m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6,16 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn G v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed H. T\u00ednh th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed H (\u0111ktc). C\u00e2u 4. (3,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) L\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i 60 gam n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch NaOH c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 15% thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch m\u1edbi c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 18%. 1. H\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch NaOH ban \u0111\u1ea7u. 2. Cho m gam kim lo\u1ea1i natri v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 20,37%. T\u00ednh m. C\u00e2u 5. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 487","H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p A c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 6,1 gam g\u1ed3m CuO, Al2O3 v\u00e0 FeO. H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n A c\u1ea7n 130 ml dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng 1M, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch B. Cho dung d\u1ecbch B t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0, l\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a \u0111em nung trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,2 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eebng oxit trong A. Cho: Cu=64; O=16; Cl=35,5; C=12; Na=23; K=39; Mg=24; Al=27; Fe=56; Ba=137; Ca=40 \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026H\u1ebft\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026 Th\u00ed sinh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 coi thi kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u00ec th\u00eam UBND TH\u1eca X\u00c3 PH\u1ed4 Y\u00caN K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI L\u1edaP 9 PH\u00d2NG GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2021-2022 M\u00d4N THI : H\u00d3A H\u1eccC \u0110\u1ec0 CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m b\u00e0i: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. C\u00f3 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p 3 oxit: MgO, CuO, Fe2O3. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang t\u1eebng oxit m\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i oxit kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. 2. T\u1ea1i sao khi \u0111\u1ed1t than trong ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn, \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn c\u1eeda c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong? Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u 2. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Vi\u1ebft 6 PTHH c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed oxi. 2. Cho x mol Na t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi 200ml dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 1M. K\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch h\u00f2a tan v\u1eeba h\u1ebft 0,05 mol Al2O3. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00ednh x. C\u00e2u 3. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m 3 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn: Al2O3, SiO2, Fe3O4 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t tan A, th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B duy nh\u1ea5t. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft A, B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec? Cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c PTHH minh h\u1ecda. 2. Nung 16,8 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m MgCO3 v\u00e0 CaCO3 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, r\u1ed3i d\u1eabn kh\u00ed thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o 180 ml dung d\u1ecbch Ba(OH)2 1M th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 33,49 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong X. C\u00e2u 4. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Cho m gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Ba, BaO, Al v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng xong, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 0,135 mol hi\u0111ro, dung d\u1ecbch Y v\u00e0 0,54 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng tan. Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb 110 ml dung d\u1ecbch HCl 1M v\u00e0o M, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng xong, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5,46 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m. 2. \u0110\u1ed1t 20 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Mg, Fe trong kh\u00ed clo thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn Y. Cho Y v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch Z ch\u1ee9a 2 mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 2 gam kim lo\u1ea1i. Dung d\u1ecbch Z t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a 0,24 mol KMnO4 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng d\u01b0. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Fe trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X. C\u00e2u 5. (4,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) 1. Cho 150 ml dung x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x. 2. H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Fe v\u00e0 Mg d\u1ecbch Ba(OH)2 1M v\u00e0o 250 ml dung d\u1ecbch Al2(SO4)3 x mol\/l, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 42,75 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. Th\u00eam ti\u1ebfp 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch Ba(OH)2 1M v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00ec kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 94,375 gam. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 dung d\u1ecbch HCl 20%, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch Y. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a FeCl2 trong dung d\u1ecbch Y l\u00e0 15,76%. T\u00ednh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a MgCl2 trong dung d\u1ecbch Y. Cho: Cu=64; O=16; Cl=35,5; C=12; Na=23; K=39; Mg=24; Al=27; Fe=56; Ba=137; Ca=40 \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026H\u1ebft\u2026\u2026.\u2026\u2026\u2026 20 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P HUY\u1ec6N \u2013 C\u1ea4P TH\u00c0NH PH\u1ed0 488","PH\u1ea6N 5. GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH UBND T\u1ec8NH TH\u00c1I NGUY\u00caN K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI T\u1ec8NH L\u1edaP 9 S\u1ede GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2020-2021 M\u00d4N THI: HO\u00c1 H\u1eccC \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) (\u0110\u1ec1 thi c\u00f3 02 trang, g\u1ed3m 10 c\u00e2u) C\u00e2u 1. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch: HCl \u0111\u1eb7c, NaOH; c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn: CaCO3, MnO2, Al4C3, CaC2. a. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kh\u00ed n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed sau: H2, O2, Cl2, CO2, CH4, C2H2. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. b. H\u00ecnh v\u1ebd b\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 thu kh\u00ed X. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft X l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00ed n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed \u1edf \u00fd a. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. C\u00e2u 2. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m CuO v\u00e0 MgO. Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng th\u00eam dung d\u1ecbch HCl v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t Al, h\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y 2 c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u 3. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho r\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch A ch\u1ee9a x mol HCl v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch B ch\u1ee9a y mol Na2CO3. Sau khi cho h\u1ebft A v\u00e0o B \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch C. Dung d\u1ecbch C ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec, bao nhi\u00eau mol t\u00ednh theo x, y? C\u00e2u 4. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a sau: M1 \uf0be(\uf0be1)\uf0ae M2 \uf0be(\uf0be2)\uf0ae M3 \uf0be(\uf0be3)\uf0ae M4 \uf0be(\uf0be4)\uf0ae M5 \uf0be(\uf0be5)\uf0ae M6 \uf0be(\uf0be6)\uf0ae M7 H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7 v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u00ean. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng (1),(2) l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ee3p; (3) l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trung h\u00f2a; (4),(5) l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i; (6) l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n. M1 l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a M1. C\u00e2u 5. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 A, B, C, D v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a sau, ghi r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3). C\u00e2u 6. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) \u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 15,68 gam kim lo\u1ea1i M trong b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ef1ng kh\u00ed clo d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 45,5 gam mu\u1ed1i clorua. a. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean kim lo\u1ea1i M. b. \u0110\u1ec3 ho\u00e0 tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 9,2 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m kim lo\u1ea1i M v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t oxit c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i M c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng v\u1eeba h\u1ebft 160 ml dung d\u1ecbch HCl 2M. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, d\u1eabn lu\u1ed3ng H2 d\u01b0 \u0111i qua 9,2 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X nung n\u00f3ng, sau khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7,28 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. T\u00ecm c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a oxit kim lo\u1ea1i trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X. C\u00e2u 7. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho 7,83 gam m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m 2 kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m A, B (nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a A nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a B) thu\u1ed9c 2 chu k\u00ec k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp trong b\u1ea3ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2,8 l\u00edt kh\u00ed H2 bay ra (\u0111ktc). GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 489","a. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh 2 kim lo\u1ea1i A, B. b. Cho 16,8 l\u00edt kh\u00ed CO2 (\u0111ktc) t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi 600 ml dung d\u1ecbch AOH 2M thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch X. T\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 trong dung d\u1ecbch X. C\u00e2u 8. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho 6,44 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Q g\u1ed3m Mg, Fe v\u00e0o 500ml dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 pM. Sau khi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn A n\u1eb7ng 24,36 gam v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch B. Cho dung d\u1ecbch NaOH (d\u01b0) t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch B, l\u1ecdc k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a r\u1ed3i \u0111em nung ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7,0 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. T\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i kim lo\u1ea1i trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Q v\u00e0 t\u00ednh p. C\u00e2u 9. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho m gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m Al4C3 v\u00e0 CaC2 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 11,2 l\u00edt (\u0111ktc) h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed X. Chia X th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n, cho ph\u1ea7n 1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch brom th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 16 gam Br2 tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. \u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n 2 r\u1ed3i cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00e1y h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 h\u1ebft v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch Ba(OH)2 d\u01b0, sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ecdc b\u1ecf k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a th\u1ea5y kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch trong b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m 69,525 gam so v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. a. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kh\u00ed trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X. b. N\u1ebfu cho ph\u1ea7n 2 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 trong NH3 th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c a gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a a. C\u00e2u 10. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m ankin A v\u00e0 anken B. Bi\u1ebft A, B \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng. Chia 11 gam X l\u00e0m 2 ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau, \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n 1 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8,96 l\u00edt kh\u00ed CO2 (\u0111ktc). H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n 2 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch brom, th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch brom 1M. T\u00ecm c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a A, B. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a A, B bi\u1ebft A kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi AgNO3 trong dung d\u1ecbch NH3 cho k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. ........................H\u1ebft..................... (H\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, gi\u00e1m th\u1ecb coi thi kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u00ec th\u00eam) H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN CH\u1ea4M HSG M\u00d4N H\u00d3A H\u1eccC L\u1edaP 9 N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2020-2021 C\u00e2u 1. a. 1,5 6x0,25 b. 0,5 C\u00e2u 2 0,25 C\u00e1ch 1: Cho Al t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi HCl thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H2: 0,75 2Al + 6HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2AlCl3 + 3H2 Cho lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed H2 d\u01b0 v\u1eeba thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CuO, MgO nung n\u00f3ng, ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi HCl d\u01b0 (trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 oxi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed), Cu kh\u00f4ng tan g\u1ea1n l\u1ecdc, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Cu nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t. GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 490","CuO + H2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae Cu + H2O MgO + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2O C\u00e1ch 2: Cho HCl \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0 v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p CuO, MgO, dung d\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Al d\u01b0. 2Al d\u01b0 + 6HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2AlCl3 + 3H2 MgO + 2HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae MgCl2 + H2O 0,75 0,25 CuO + 2HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae CuCl2 + H2O 2Al d\u01b0 + 3CuCl2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2AlCl3 + 3Cu H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p r\u1eafn thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed3m Al d\u01b0, Cu. \u0110em ho\u00e0 tan ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn trong HCl d\u01b0, Cu kh\u00f4ng tan g\u1ea1n l\u1ecdc, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Cu nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t. 2Ald\u01b0 + 6HCl \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 2AlCl3 + 3H2 C\u00e2u 3. 0,75 Khi cho r\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch HCl v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Na2CO3, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 sau: 1,25 5x0,25 HCl + Na2CO3 \uf0ae NaCl + NaHCO3 (1) (2) HCl + NaHCO3 \uf0ae NaCl +CO2 + H2O X\u00e9t 5 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea3y ra: - TH1: x = y => ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (1) => dd C \uf0ec\uf0ef NaHCO3 (x mol) \uf0ed \uf0ee\uf0efNaCl (x mol) - TH2:x<y=>ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (1) v\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u01b0 Na2CO3 => dd C \uf0ef\uf0ecNaHCO3 (x mol) \uf0edNaCl (x mol) \uf0ef\uf0eeNa2CO3 (y- x) mol - TH3: x = 2y => (1) v\u00e0 (2) x\u1ea3y ra v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 => dd C: NaCl (2y = x) mol - TH4: x > 2y => x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ea3 (1) v\u00e0 (2), HCl c\u00f2n d\u01b0 => dd C \uf0ecHCl (x- 2 y) mol \uf0ed\uf0eeNaCl (2 y mol) -TH5: y < x < 2y => (1) xong v\u00e0 (2) x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n=> dd C \uf0ef\uf0ec\uf0edNaHCO3 (2 y- x) mol \uf0ee\uf0efNaCl (xmol) C\u00e2u 4. M1 l\u00e0 Na; M2 l\u00e0 Na2O; M3 l\u00e0 NaOH; 0,5 M4 l\u00e0 Na2SO4; M5 l\u00e0 NaCl; M6 l\u00e0 NaNO3; M7 l\u00e0 NaNO2. (1) 4Na + O2 \u2192 2Na2O 1,5 (2) Na2O + H2O \u2192 2NaOH 6x0,25 (3) 2NaOH + H2SO4 \u2192 Na2SO4 + 2H2O (4) Na2SO4 + BaCl2 \u2192 BaSO4 + 2NaCl (5) NaCl + AgNO3 \u2192 NaNO3 + AgCl (6) 2NaNO3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2NaNO2 + O2 C\u00e2u 5. (1),(2)x0,125 = 0,25 (3)\u2192(9)x0,25 = 1,75 GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 491","C\u00e2u 6. 0,75 a. \u0110\u1eb7t ho\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a M l\u00e0 n. 0,5 PT: 2M + nCl2 2MCln 0,5 (M + 35,5n) gam Theo PT: M gam 45,5 gam 0,25 Theo \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i: 15,68 gam 0,5 0,5 \uf0de 15,68 (M + 35,5n) = 45,5M \uf0de M = 56 n \u2192 n = 3; M = 56 (Fe) 0,5 3 0,5 b. G\u1ecdi CT c\u1ee7a oxit l\u00e0 FexOy \uf0de H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m Fe v\u00e0 FexOy. D\u1eabn H2 qua X c\u00f3 p\/\u1ee9: FexOy + yH2 0,5 xFe + yH2O (1) 492 Ta th\u1ea5y mch\/r gi\u1ea3m = moxi trong oxit p\/\u1ee9 = 9,2 \u2013 7,28 = 1,92 gam \uf0de nO = 0,12 mol \uf0e5 nFe = 7,28 \uf03d 0,13 mol 56 Ho\u00e0 tan X b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch HCl: FexOy + 2yHCl \uf0ae xFeCl2y\/x + yH2 (ho\u1eb7c: FexOy + 2yHCl \uf0ae FexCl2y + yH2) (2) Fe + 2HCl \uf0ae FeCl2 + H2 (3) Theo PT (2): nHCl(2) = 2nO = 2.0,12 = 0,24 mol \uf0e5M\u00e0 nHCl = 0,16.2 = 0,32 mol \uf0de nHCl(3) = 0,32 \u2013 0,24 = 0,08 mol \uf0de nFe(3) = 0,04 mol \uf0de nFe trong oxit = 0,13 \u2013 0,04 = 0,09 mol x : y = nFe : nO = 0,09 : 0,12 = 3 : 4 \uf0de x = 3; y = 4. CT oxit l\u00e0 Fe3O4 C\u00e2u 7. a. \u0110\u1eb7t M l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a A, B => MA < M < MB 2AOH + H2\u2191 2A + 2H2O a mol a mol a\/2 mol 2B + 2H2O 2BOH + H2\u2191 b mol b mol b\/2 mol nH2 \uf03d a \uf02b b \uf03d 2,8 => a + b = 0,25 \u2192 M = 7,83 = 31,32 => MA < 31,32 < MB 2 22, 4 0, 25 Theo \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i A, B l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m thu\u1ed9c 2 chu k\u00ec k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp suy ra: A l\u00e0 Na v\u00e0 B l\u00e0 K b. nCO2 \uf03d 16, 8 \uf03d 0, 75mol ; nNaOH \uf03d CM \uf0b4V \uf03d 2\uf0b4 0,6 \uf03d1, 2 mol 22, 4 V\u00ec nCO2 \uf0e1nNaOH \uf0e12nCO2 do \u0111\u00f3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p 2 mu\u1ed1i: CO2 + 2NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O (1) x mol 2x mol x mol CO2 + NaOH NaHCO3 (2) y mol y mol y mol G\u1ecdi : x mol l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a Na2CO3; y mol l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a NaHCO3 nCO2 \uf03d x \uf02b y \uf03d 0, 75mol ; nNaOH \uf03d 2x \uf02b y \uf03d 1, 2 mol \uf0de \uf0ecx \uf03d 0, 45 \uf0de mNa2CO3 \uf03d 0, 45\uf0b4106 \uf03d 47, 7gam ; mNaHCO3 \uf03d 0,3\uf0b484 \uf03d 25, 2gam \uf0ed \uf0ee y \uf03d 0, 3 T\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i trong dung d\u1ecbch A: m \uf03d mNa2CO3 \uf02b mNaHCO3 \uf03d 72,9gam C\u00e2u 8. S\u1ed1 mol h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Q n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng: 6, 44 \uf03d 0,115(mol) \uf03c nQ \uf03c 6, 44 \uf03d 0, 268(mol) 56 24 \uf0ae nho\u00f9a tr\u00f2 Q min \uf03d 0,115.2 \uf03d 0, 23(mol) N\u1ebfu kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft th\u00ec GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH","nAg(min) \uf03d nho\u00f9a tr\u00f2 Q (min) \uf03d 0, 23(mol) \uf0ae mAg(min) \uf03d 0, 23.108 \uf03d 24,84(gam) Theo \u0111\u1ec1: mra\u00e9n A \uf03d 24,36(gam) \uf03c 24,84(gam) (v\u00f4 l\u00fd) \uf0ae Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f2n d\u01b0 \uf0ae AgNO3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft. 0,5 - Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Q v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3: 0,5 G\u1ecdi x, y l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol Mg, Fe \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng 0,5 Mg + 2AgNO3 \uf0ae Mg(NO3)2 + 2Ag \uf0af (1) (KL t\u0103ng \uf044m1 = 192x gam) 0,5 x \uf0ae 2x x 2x (mol) Fe + 2AgNO3 \uf0ae Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag \uf0af (2) (KL t\u0103ng \uf044m2 = 160y gam) y \uf0ae 2y y 2y (mol) Dung d\u1ecbch B g\u1ed3m Mg(NO3)2, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Fe(NO3)2 R\u1eafn A: Ag, Fe, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 Mg d\u01b0. - Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a B v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH d\u01b0 Mg(NO3)2 + 2NaOH \uf0ae Mg(OH)2 \uf0af + 2NaNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + 2NaOH \uf0ae Fe(OH)2 \uf0af + 2NaNO3 Mg(OH)2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae MgO + H2O 2Fe(OH)2 + \u00bd O2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae Fe2O3 + 2H2O B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n s\u1ed1 mol Mg, Fe ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \uf0ae R\u1eafn A \uf0ec\uf0efMgO : x(mol) \uf0ed\uf0ef\uf0eeFe2O3 : 0,5y(mol) Ta c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: \uf0ec192x \uf02b160y \uf03d 24,36 \uf02d 6, 44 \uf03d 17, 92 \uf0ae \uf0ec\uf0efx\uf03d0,035 \uf0ed\uf0ee40x \uf02b 80y \uf03d 7 \uf0ed y\uf03d0,07\uf03e0 \uf0ef\uf0ee V\u00ec y > 0 \uf0ae Fe c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \uf0ae Mg ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft (do \u0111\u00f3 B c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i Fe) \uf0ae nAgNO3 \uf03d 2.(0,035 \uf02b 0,07) \uf03d 0, 21(mol) ; N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mol c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3: p = 0, 21 \uf03d 0, 42M 0, 5 Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Q: %mMg \uf03d 0, 035.24 \uf0bb 13,04% \uf0ae %mFe \uf03d 86, 96% 6, 44 C\u00e2u 9. 0,5 GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 0,5 493","b. 0,5 C\u00e2u 10. 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. UBND T\u1ec8NH TH\u00c1I NGUY\u00caN K\u00cc THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI T\u1ec8NH L\u1edaP 9 S\u1ede GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2019 -2020 M\u00d4N THI: HO\u00c1 H\u1eccC \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C (Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m b\u00e0i 150 ph\u00fat kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ecd m\u1ea5t nh\u00e3n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ecd ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn sau: Na2SO4, BaCO3, Na2CO3, NaCl, MgCO3. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng th\u00eam dung d\u1ecbch HCl lo\u00e3ng l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft 5 l\u1ecd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra (c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7). H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i Tr\u00edch m\u1ed7i l\u1ecd 1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn v\u00e0o 1 \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1eabu th\u1eed: -Nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb 1 \u00edt dung d\u1ecbch HCl lo\u00e3ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i m\u1eabu th\u1eed ( L\u01b0\u1ee3ng HCl thi\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi m\u1eabu th\u1eed ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng): + C\u00f3 2 m\u1eabu th\u1eed tan nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1o kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra l\u00e0 Na2SO4 v\u00e0 NaCl (Nh\u00f3m 1) + C\u00f3 1 m\u1eabu th\u1eed tan h\u1ebft t\u1ea1o dung d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra l\u00e0 Na2CO3. + C\u00f3 2 m\u1eabu th\u1eed tan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1 ph\u1ea7n, 1 ph\u1ea7n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tan h\u1ebft trong dung d\u1ecbch HCl thi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o kh\u00ed tho\u00e1t ra l\u00e0 BaCO3, MgCO3. Ph\u1ea7n dung d\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ta \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m (2). PTHH: BaCO3 + 2HCl \u2192 BaCl2 + H2O + CO2 Na2CO3 + 2HCl \u2192 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 MgCO3 + 2HCl \u2192 MgCl2 + H2O + CO2 - L\u1ea5y t\u1eebng dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf nh\u00f3m (1) cho v\u00e0o t\u1eebng dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf nh\u00f3m (2): N\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u1eafng ta suy ra dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf nh\u00f3m (1) t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u00e0 Na2SO4 v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch \u1edf nh\u00f3m (2) t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u00e0 BaCl2 \uf0de ch\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o ra BaCl2 l\u00e0 BaCO3 Na2SO4 + BaCl2 \u2192 BaSO4 + 2NaCl \uf0de dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u1edf nh\u00f3m (1) l\u00e0 NaCl. dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u1edf nh\u00f3m (2) kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u1edbi Na2SO4 l\u00e0 MgCl2 => ch\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o MgCl2 l\u00e0 MgCO3. GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 494","C\u00e2u 2. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn 7 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 khi cho 7 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch HCl thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra (ghi r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3). H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i Fe + 2HCl \u2192 FeCl2 + H2 CaC2 + 2HCl \u2192 CaCl2 + C2H2 Al4C3 + 12HCl \u2192 4AlCl3 + 3CH4 BaCO3 + 2HCl \u2192 BaCl2 + H2O + CO2 CaSO3 + 2HCl \u2192 CaCl2 + H2O + SO2 FeS + 2HCl \u2192 FeCl2 + H2S MnO2 + 4HCl \uf0bet\uf0be0\uf0ae MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O C\u00e2u 3. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Cho Na2O v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch X ch\u1ee9a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p mu\u1ed1i g\u1ed3m AlCl3 v\u00e0 FeCl2, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch Y v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a G. Nung k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a G trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn Z, cho Z v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch KOH d\u01b0 th\u1ea5y Z tan m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n. Cho H2 d\u01b0 qua Z nung n\u00f3ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn M. Th\u1ed5i kh\u00ed CO2 d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Y th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong Y, G, Z, M v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra trong chu\u1ed7i th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i - Cho Na2O v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch X: Na2O + H2O \u2192 2NaOH 3NaOH + AlCl3 \u2192 Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl 2NaOH + FeCl2 \u2192 Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 : NaOH + Al(OH)3 \u2192 NaAlO2 + 2H2O Do k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a G thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi nung ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea1o r\u1eafn Z, Z tan 1 ph\u1ea7n trong dung d\u1ecbch KOH d\u01b0, suy ra trong Z c\u00f3 Al2O3 \uf0de trong G c\u00f3 Al(OH)3 v\u00e0 khi cho CO2 d\u01b0 v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch Y th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a n\u00ean trong Y c\u00f3 NaAlO2. \uf0de Dung d\u1ecbch Y ch\u1ee9a NaCl v\u00e0 NaAlO2, k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a G c\u00f3 Al(OH)3 v\u00e0 Fe(OH)2 - Nung G ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i: 2Al(OH)3 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae Al2O3 + 3H2O 4Fe(OH)2 + O2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O \uf0de R\u1eafn Z c\u00f3 Al2O3 v\u00e0 Fe2O3 - Cho Z v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch KOH d\u01b0: Al2O3 + 2KOH \u2192 2KAlO2 + H2O - Cho H2 d\u01b0 qua Z n\u00f3ng: 3H2 + Fe2O3 \uf0bet\uf0be0\uf0ae 2Fe + 3H2O \uf0de R\u1eafn M c\u00f3 Fe v\u00e0 Al2O3. - Th\u1ed5i CO2 d\u01b0 v\u00e0o Y: CO2 + NaAlO2 + 2H2O \u2192 Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3 C\u00e2u 4. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a sau v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t A, B, C, D, E. Bi\u1ebft A l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean; D l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, kh\u00f4ng tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i 495 A: CH4, B: C2H2, C: C2H4, D: (-CH2-CH2-)n, E: CH2 = CH-Cl. (1) 2CH4 \uf0be1\uf0be500\uf0be0 C,l\uf0be\u00e0mla\uf0benhn\uf0beh\uf0beanh\uf0ae C2H2 + 3H2 (2) C2H2 + H2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 , pd\uf0be\/ p\uf0bebC\uf0beO3 \uf0ae C2H4 (3) CH2 = CH2 \uf0bet\uf0be0, p\uf0be,xt\uf0ae ( -CH2 \u2013 CH2-)n (4) C2H2 + HCl \uf0beH\uf0begC\uf0bel2 ,15\uf0be0\uf02d2\uf0be00\uf0be0 C\uf0ae CH2= CH- Cl GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH","(5) CH2= CH- Cl \uf0bet\uf0be0,p\uf0be,xt\uf0ae (-CH2-CHCl-)n C\u00e2u 5. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u00f2a tan h\u1ebft 5,376 gam MOH (M l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m) v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 200 ml dung d\u1ecbch Y. Cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft 50 ml \u0111ung d\u1ecbch Y tr\u00ean v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh 1 ch\u1ee9a 100 ml dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3 0,2M thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c a gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a keo tr\u1eafng. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1ea5y 150 ml dung d\u1ecbch Y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh 2 ch\u1ee9a 100 ml dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3 0,2M c\u0169ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c a gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a keo tr\u1eafng. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean kim lo\u1ea1i M. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i \u0110\u1eb7t s\u1ed1 mol MOH trong 50 ml dung d\u1ecbch Y l\u00e0 x mol. Suy ra s\u1ed1 mol MOH trong 150 ml dung d\u1ecbch Y l\u00e0 3x mol. Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: dung d\u1ecbch Y + dung d\u1ecbch AlCl3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae Al(OH)3 TN1: x mol 0,02 mol a gam TN1: 3x mol 0,02 mol a gam L\u01b0\u1ee3ng AlCl3 nh\u01b0 sau, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec1m t\u0103ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. Suy ra \u1edf TN1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb h\u00f2a tan, TN2 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a b\u1ecb h\u00f2a tan m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n. X\u00e9t TN1: 3MOH + AlCl3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 3MCl + Al(OH)3 Mol: x x xx 3 3 \uf0de m\uf0af = a = 78 \uf0d7 x (I) 3 X\u00e9t TN2: 3MOH + AlCl3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae 3MCl + Al(OH)3 Mol: 0,06 0,02 0,06 0,02 MOH + Al(OH)3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae MAlO2 + 2H2O Mol: 3x- 0,06 3x- 0,06 3x- 0,06 \uf0de m\uf0af = a = 78\uf0d7[0, 02 \uf02d (3x \uf02d 0, 06) \uf03d 78[0, 08 \uf02d 3x] (II) Ta c\u00f3: \uf0de mMOH = (M +17).(x + 3x) = 5,376 (III) \uf0ecx = 0,024 T\u1eeb (I), (II), (III) ta c\u00f3 \uf0ed\uf0efa = 0,624 \uf0ef\uf0eeM = 39 V\u1eady M l\u00e0 kali (K) C\u00e2u 6. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X g\u1ed3m M, MO v\u00e0 MCl2 (M l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb II kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u00ednh kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n Cu nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng). Chia 83 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p X l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau : - Cho ph\u1ea7n 1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch HCl d\u01b0, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch Y v\u00e0 4,48 l\u00edt (\u0111ktc) kh\u00ed H2. Cho Y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch NaOH v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a t\u1ed1i \u0111a Z. Nung Z \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 36,45 gam ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. - Cho ph\u1ea7n 2 v\u00e0o 300 ml dung d\u1ecbch CuCl2 1M, l\u1ecdc b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, c\u00f4 c\u1ea1n dung d\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 61,1 gam mu\u1ed1i khan. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kim lo\u1ea1i M (bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n). H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i nH2 \uf03d 0, 2 mol; nCuCl2 \uf03d 0,3 mol G\u1ecdi x v\u00e0 y l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a MO v\u00e0 MCl2 trong m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n. Ph\u1ea7n 1: M + 2HCl \uf0ae MCl2 + H2 (1) 0,2 \uf0ac 0,2 MO + 2HCl \uf0ae MCl2 + H2O (2) x \uf0aex GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 496","HCl + NaOH \uf0ae NaCl + H2O (3) MCl2 + 2NaOH \uf0ae M(OH)2 + 2NaCl (4) (x+y+0,2) \uf0ae (x+y+0,2) M(OH)2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae MO + H2O (5) (x+y+0,2) \uf0ae (x+y+0,2) m m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n = 0,2M + (M+16).x + (M+71).y = 83 \uf03d 41,5 gam 2 \uf0de (x+y+0,2)M + 16x + 71y = 41,5 (*) mMO \uf03d (x \uf02b y \uf02b 0,2).(M \uf02b16) \uf03d 36, 45 gam \uf0de (x+y+0,2)M + 16x + 16y = 33,25 (**) L\u1ea5y (*) \u2013 (**) theo v\u1ebf: 55y = 8,25 \uf0de y = 0,15 Ph\u1ea7n 2: M + CuCl2 \uf0ae MCl2 + Cu (6) 0,2 \uf0ae 0,2 \uf0ae 0,2 m mu\u1ed1i khan = (0,2+y).(M+71) + (0,3-0,2).135 = 61,1 gam \uf0de (0,2+y).(M+71) = 47,6 gam (***) Thay y = 0,15 v\u00e0o (***) \uf0de M = 65. V\u1eady M l\u00e0 Zn. C\u00e2u 7. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 1,568 l\u00edt CO2 (\u0111ktc) v\u00e0o 500 ml dung d\u1ecbch NaOH 0,16M thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch X. Th\u00eam 250 ml dung d\u1ecbch Y g\u1ed3m BaCl2 0,16M v\u00e0 Ba(OH)2 aM v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch X, th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,94 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a a. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i 1, 568 nCO2 = 22, 4 = 0,07 mol; nNaOH = 0,5.0,16 = 0,08 mol 39, 4 nBaCl2 = 0, 25.0,16 = 0,04 mol; nBa(OH)2 = 0, 25.a mol; nBaCO3 = 197 = 0,02 mol CO2 + 2NaOH \uf0ae Na2CO3 + H2O (1) Mol: 0,04 0,08 0,04 CO2 + Na2CO3 + H2O \uf0ae 2NaHCO3 (2) Mol: 0,04 0,08 0,04 Dung d\u1ecbch X g\u1ed3m 0,06 mol NaHCO3 v\u00e0 0,01 mol Na2CO3. Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: nNa2CO3 \uf03d 0, 01 \uf03c nBaCO3 \uf03d 0, 02 \uf03c nNa2CO3 \uf02b nNaHCO3 \uf03d 0, 07 . Suy ra NaHCO3 d\u01b0. 2NaHCO3 + Ba(OH)2 \uf0ae Na2CO3 + BaCO3 + 2H2O Mol: 0,5a 0,25a 0,25a 0,25a Na2CO3 + BaCl2 \uf0ae 2NaCl + BaCO3 Mol: (0,25a + 0,01) (0,25a + 0,01) \uf0de nBaCO3 = 0,25a + (0,25a + 0,01) = 0,02 \uf0de a \uf03d 0, 02 C\u00e2u 8. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) D\u1eabn V l\u00edt (\u0111ktc) h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed X g\u1ed3m C2H2 v\u00e0 H2 qua Ni, nung n\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed Y. D\u1eabn Y qua dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 trong NH3 (d\u01b0) thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 12 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed Z. D\u1eabn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u00ed Z qua dung d\u1ecbch brom d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed T v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch brom t\u0103ng 2,8 gam. T\u1ec9 kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a T so v\u1edbi H2 b\u1eb1ng 8. \u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y h\u1ebft kh\u00ed T r\u1ed3i h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00e1y v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch KOH d\u01b0, sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ea5y kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ecnh t\u0103ng 8 gam. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a V. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i - PTHH: HC \u2261 CH + H2 \uf0beN\uf0bei,\uf0bet\u00b0\uf0ae CH2 = CH2 (1) HC \u2261 CH + 2H2 \uf0beN\uf0bei,\uf0bet\u00b0\uf0ae CH3 \u2013 CH3 (2) GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 497","H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed Y g\u1ed3m: CH3CH3, C2H4, C2H2, H2. (3) HC \u2261 CH + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae AgC \u2261 CAg\uf0af + 2NH4NO3 H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed Z g\u1ed3m CH3CH3, C2H4, H2. CH2 = CH2 + Br2 \uf0be\uf0be\uf0ae BrCH2 - CH2Br (4) Kh\u00ed T g\u1ed3m: x mol CH3CH3, y mol H2. 2C2H6 + 7O2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 4CO2 + 6H2O x 2x 3x 2H2 + O2 \uf0bet\uf0be0 \uf0ae 2H2O yy \uf0de \uf0ef\uf0ecMT = 30a + 2b = 8.2 \uf0de \uf0ecx = 0, 05 \uf0ed a+b \uf0ed\uf0eey = 0, 05 \uf0ee\uf0efmb\u00d7nh KOH t\u00a8ng = 44.2x +18(3x + y) = 8 2,8 - Theo (4): nC2H4 = 28 = 0,1mol 12 - Theo (3): nC2H2 =nAg2C2 = 108.2+12.2 =0,05 mol -BT C : nC2H2 (X) = 0,05 + 0,1+ 0,05 = 0,2 mol. -BT H : 2nH2 (X) + 2nC2H2 (X) = 2.0,05 + 4.0,1+ 6.0,05 + 2.0,05 \uf0de nH2 (X) = 0, 25 mol. n =n +2nH2 (X) C2H2 (Y) C2H4 +n H2O -nC2H2 (X) \uf03d 0, 05 \uf02b 2.0,1 \uf02b 4, 5 \uf02d 0, 2 \uf03d 0, 3 mol 18 - V\u1eady: V = (0,2 + 0,25).22,4 = 10,08 l\u00edt C\u00e2u 9. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) H\u00f2a tan 2,16 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Y g\u1ed3m Na, Fe v\u00e0 Al v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc (d\u01b0), sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 0,448 l\u00edt H2 (\u0111ktc) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng tan. T\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn n\u00e0y cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft v\u1edbi 60 ml dung d\u1ecbch CuSO4 1M thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3,2 gam \u0111\u1ed3ng kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch A. T\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y dung d\u1ecbch A cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 dung d\u1ecbch NaOH \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. L\u1ecdc k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a \u0111em nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i kim lo\u1ea1i trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Y v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn B. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i - G\u1ecdi trong 2,16 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 x mol Na, y mol Al. nH2 \uf03d 0, 448 \uf03d 0,02 mol 22, 4 n CuSO4 \uf03d 0,06.1 = 0,06 mol; n CuSO4 p \u00ad \uf03d nCu \uf03d 3, 2 \uf03d 0,05 mol 64 n\uf0de CuSO4d\u00ad \uf03d 0,06 \uf02d 0,05 \uf03d 0,01mol PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O \uf0ae 2NaOH + H2 (1) x x 0,5x (mol) 2Al + 2H2O + 2NaOH \uf0ae 2NaAlO2 + 3H2 (2) x x x 1,5x (mol) 2Al + 3CuSO4 \uf0ae 2Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu (3) (y-x) 1,5(y-x) (y-x) 1,5(y-x) (mol) Fe + CuSO4 \uf0ae FeSO4 + Cu (4) Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (3) \uf0de ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 Fe Theo (4) nFe= nCu = 0,05 mol \uf0de mFe= 0,05.56 = 2,8 gam > 2,16 (kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i) V\u1eady c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (3) v\u00e0 v\u00ec CuSO4 c\u00f2n d\u01b0 n\u00ean Al v\u00e0 Fe \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft theo (3) v\u00e0 (4) Theo (1) v\u00e0 (2): nH2 \uf03d 0,5x \uf02b1,5x \uf03d 0, 02 mol \uf0de x = 0,01 GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 498","Theo (3): nAl(3) = y - 0,01 mol nCuSO4 \uf03d1,5\uf028 y \uf02d 0, 01\uf029 mol Theo (4): nFe \uf03d n \uf03dCuSO4 (4) 0, 05 \uf02d 1,5\uf028 y \uf02d 0, 01\uf029 mol Ta c\u00f3 : mNa + mAl + mFe = 23.0,01 + 27y + 56[0,05-1,5(y - 0,01)] = 2,16 \uf0de y = 0,03 \uf0de trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ban \u0111\u1ea7u: V\u1eady: mNa = 23.0,01 = 0,23 gam mAl = 27.0,03 = 0,81 gam mFe = 2,16 - 0,23 -0,81 = 1,12 gam %mNa = 0,23 .100% = 10,65%; %mAl = 0,81 .100% = 37,5%; %mFe = 1,12 .100% = 51,85% 2,16 2,16 2,16 Trong dung d\u1ecbch A c\u00f3: nAl2 (SO4 )3 = y \uf02d x \uf03d 0,03 - 0,01= 0,02 mol nCuSO4 d\u00ad = 0,06 \uf02d 0,05 \uf03d 0,01mol 1,12 nFeSO4 = nFe = 56 = 0,02 mol Ta c\u00f3 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c (B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 Cu, Fe, Al) CuSO4 \uf0ae Cu(OH)2 \uf0ae CuO \uf0de mCuO = 0,01.80 = 0,8 gam 2FeSO4 \uf0ae 2Fe(OH)2 \uf0ae 2Fe(OH)3 \uf0ae Fe2O3 \uf0de m \uf03dFe2O3 0, 02 .160 \uf03d 1, 6 gam 2 Al2(SO4)3 \uf0ae 2Al(OH)3 \uf0ae Al2O3 \uf0de mAl 2 O3 \uf03d 0, 02 .102 \uf03d 1, 02 gam 2 V\u1eady mB = 0,8 + 1,6 + 1,02 = 3,42 gam C\u00e2u 10. (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) Chia m gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed X g\u1ed3m 4 hi\u0111rocacbon m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau. \u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u1ea7n 1 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 36,96 l\u00edt O2 (\u0111ktc) th\u00ec thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 23,4 gam H2O. Cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u1ea7n 2 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi 400 ml dung d\u1ecbch Br2 0,5M, sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tho\u00e1t ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed Y g\u1ed3m hai hi\u0111ro cacbon. \u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y h\u1ebft h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p Y thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 11,2 l\u00edt CO2 (\u0111ktc) v\u00e0 14,4 gam H2O. a. T\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m. b. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed hai hi\u0111rocacbon trong Y, bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng hai hi\u0111rocacbon n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i h\u01a1n k\u00e9m nhau 14\u0111vC. c. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a hai hi\u0111rocacbon \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch brom, bi\u1ebft hi\u0111rocacbon c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n chi\u1ebfm 25% v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a hai hi\u0111rocacbon n\u00e0y. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i a) T\u00ecm m - X\u00e9t ph\u1ea7n 1: BT O \uf0de 2. 36,96 = 2.nCO2 + 23,4 \uf0de nCO2 \uf03d 1mol 22, 4 18 BTKL \uf0de mP1 + mO2 = mCO2 + mH2O \uf0de mP1 \uf03d 44 \uf02b 23, 4 \uf02d 32.1, 65 \uf03d 14, 6 gam \uf0de m \uf03d 2.mP1 \uf03d 2.14,6 \uf03d 29, 2 gam b) Do Y \uf0be+\uf0beO2\uf0be\uf0ae nCO2 = 11, 2 = 0,5 < nH2O = 14, 4 = 0,8 \uf0de \uf0ecY l\u00af ankan = 0,3 mol 22, 4 18 \uf0ed\uf0eenY = nH2O - nCO2 \uf0de CY = nCO2 = 0,5 = 1,67 nY 0,3 GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 499","Do hai hi\u0111rocacbon n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i h\u01a1n k\u00e9m nhau 14\u0111vC n\u00ean Y g\u1ed3m CH4 v\u00e0 C2H6. c) Hai hi\u0111rocacbon \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch brom khi \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1 \u2013 0,5 = 0,5 mol CO2 v\u00e0 1,3 \u2013 0,8 = 0,5 mol H2O. \uf0ech\u00e7n h\u00eep hai hi\u00aerocacbon c\u00dfn l\u00b9i l\u00af anken nCO2 0, 5 nCO2 = nH2O \uf0de \uf0ee\uf0ednanken = nBr2 = 0, 5.0, 4 = 0, 2 mol \uf0de Canken = nanken = 0, 2 = 2,5 \uf0de 2 anken \uf0ecC 2H4 : 0,2.75% = 0,15mol \uf0beB\uf0beTC\uf0be\uf0ae 2.0,15 + n.0, 05 = 0, 5 \uf0de n = 4 (C 4 H8 ) \uf0ed\uf0eeC nH2n : 0,2.25% = 0,05mol V\u1eady c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a hai hi\u0111rocacbon \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch brom l\u00e0 C2H4 v\u00e0 C4H8. ...................................H\u1ebft................................ UBND T\u1ec8NH TH\u00c1I NGUY\u00caN K\u1ef2 THI CH\u1eccN H\u1eccC SINH GI\u1eceI T\u1ec8NH L\u1edaP 9 S\u1ede GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c0O T\u1ea0O N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2021 \u2013 2022 M\u00d4N THI: H\u00d3A H\u1eccC \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C Th\u1eddi gian: 150 ph\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1) C\u00e2u 1 (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng th\u00eam 2 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u00e3y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t 5 ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9a trong 5 l\u1ecd m\u1ea5t nh\u00e3n sau: Mg(OH)2, Al2O3, Ca(NO3)2, Na2CO3, KOH. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u 2 (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): H\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m BaCO3, CuO, NaCl, CaCl2 sao cho kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u 3 (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t A, B, C, D, E, X, Y, Z, T, M v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 sau (bi\u1ebft M l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn M l\u00e0 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf d\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc): C\u00e2u 4: (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m) a) Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh luy\u1ec7n gang. b) T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1eb7ng manhetit (ch\u1ee9a 10% t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t tr\u01a1) c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 t\u1ea5n gang ch\u1ee9a 5% cacbon. Bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t 90% C\u00e2u 5 (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): Vi\u1ebft PTHH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a sau (ghi r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3; m\u1ed7i k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u A1, A2, \u2026, A6 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hidrocacbon kh\u00e1c nhau): C\u00e2u 6 (2,0 \u0111i\u1ec3m): H\u00f2a tan 5,33 gam h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p 2 mu\u1ed1i MCln v\u00e0 BaCl2 v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 200 gam dung d\u1ecbch X. Chia X th\u00e0nh 2 ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau: Cho ph\u1ea7n 1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi 100 gam dung d\u1ecbch AgNO3 8,5% thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5,74 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a X1 v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch X2. Cho ph\u1ea7n 2 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng, d\u01b0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1,165 gam k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a X3. a) X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean kim lo\u1ea1i M v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i MCln. b) T\u00ednh n\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9 % c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong dung d\u1ecbch X2. GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN HSG C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH 500"]