["Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng... th\u00ec nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ba n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u00e0o, Campuchia ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u00ecn chung, t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho ta: \\\"Di\u00ean bi\u00ean c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ta \u0111ang \u1edf the th\u0103ng, th\u1ebf ch\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ebf thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, th\u1ebf \u0111i l\u00ean; \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111ang \u1edf th\u1ebf thua, th\u1ebf b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ebf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, the \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng\\\"'. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft cho to\u00e0n \u0110\u00e0ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ta l\u00e0: \\\"V\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n ki\u00ean tr\u00ec kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c, c\u1ed5 g\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc, anh d\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111ay m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n L\u00e0o, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Campuchia anh em, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"Vi\u1ec7t N am h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" c\u00f9a M\u1ef9, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i \\\"H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft N\u00edchx\u01a1n\\\", gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i to l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn chong M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc\\\"2. v \u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f9a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i m\u1edbi. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00f2n n\u00eau r\u00f5 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: Neu \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi \u1edf mi\u1ec1n N am n\u01b0\u1edbc ta d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e2t c\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o, th\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta c\u00f2n ti\u00eap t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 20 c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1971, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam trong th\u1eddi gian qua, ng\u00e0y 11-3-1972, Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ra ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft quan 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 33, S\u0111d, tr. 151. 2. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u00e1n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 33, S\u0111d, tr. 151. 349","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u00e0m ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbch, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch, thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho ta, bu\u1ed9c M \u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f2n ngoan c\u1ed1 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1ebf b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m 1972 l\u00e0: Chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean, t\u1eeb h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nay chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00f9 y\u1ebfu. Chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean nay c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Khu V \u0111\u1ea5y m\u1ea1nh t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 v\u1eeba v\u00e0 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n mi\u1ebfn Nam. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ngay t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1971, M \u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00f9a ta cho cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed1ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbch cho r\u1eb1ng ta ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn; h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0ng quy m\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp t\u1ebft Nh\u00e2m T\u00fd. \u0110\u1ecbch v\u1eabn gi\u1eef th\u1ebf b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed m\u1ea1nh \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n ra c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn h\u00e0nh lang, \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ta. \u1ede Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed 2 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, 3 thi\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e0n xe t\u0103ng, thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p, 13 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1o binh c\u00f9ng 4 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n, 94 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o an, h\u01a1n 5.000 c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t. \u1ede T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 350","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng JV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng... \u0110\u1eafc T\u00f4 - T\u00e2n C\u1ea3nh do S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 22 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m tr\u00e1ch. Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 320 v\u00e0 S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 2 Qu\u00e2n khu V c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecbch li\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n d\u00f9 2 t\u1eeb S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ra c\u00f9ng Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 11 bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 b\u1edd T\u00e2y s\u00f4ng P\u00f4 C\u00f4. \u01a1 Nam B\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f9ng c\u1ed1 tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00f9 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh B\u00ecnh Long, T\u00e2y Ninh, 3 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c, 67 li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i, 146 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o an, c\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n d\u00e2n v\u1ec7, ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eef c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 22 v\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 13. \u0110i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975 s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t xong 11.000 \u1ea5p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n Nam, qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 l\u00f5m c\u00f9a ta, l\u00e0m cho chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n l\u1ee5i. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ngo\u1ea1i giao x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t h\u00f2ng c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00e1ng 2-1972, N\u00edchx\u01a1n \u0111i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Hai b\u00ean M \u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ra \\\"Th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o chung Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i\\\". Trong Th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n ghi r\u00f5: \\\"M\u1ef9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m \u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 r\u00fat h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f9a M \u1ef9 ra kh\u1ecfi \u0110\u00e0i Loan. Trong khi ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, t\u00f9y theo t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u0103ng thang trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m \u0111i (c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam k\u1ebft th\u00fac) M \u1ef9 s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M \u1ef9 \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan\\\". v \u1ec1 ph\u00eda ta, \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3-1972, m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t chu\u1ea5n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u theo \u0111\u00fang k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. Ng\u00e0y 23-3-1972, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m 1972. Tr\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu - chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp B\u1ed9 T \u01b0 l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3nh \u1ee7y chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. Thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00ea Tr\u1ecdng T\u1ea5n, Ph\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng 351","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh, Thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00ea Quang \u0110\u1ea1o, Ph\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, l\u00e0m Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y ki\u00eam B\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Cao V\u0103n Kh\u00e1nh, Gi\u00e1p V\u0103n C\u01b0\u01a1ng, Do\u00e3n Tu\u1ebf, H\u1ed3ng S\u01a1n, Anh \u0110\u1ec7, L\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u00e2n, L\u00ea T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed3ng, Ho\u00e0ng Minh Thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn D\u0169ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chi \u0111\u1ea1o h\u01b0\u1edbng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y. \u1ede m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1eed Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00ed C\u01b0\u01a1ng (b\u00ed danh T\u01b0 Thu\u1eadn), \u1ee7 y vi\u00ean d\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebft BCHTW \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e0m Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, Thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u1edbng Ho\u00e0ng Minh Th\u1ea3o l\u00e0m T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ee5c, Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Mi\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edf chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u1eed Trung t\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Tr\u00e0 l\u00e0m T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh, Thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0m Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y. 2. Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c 1972 Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m l\u1edbn. Tuy v\u1eady, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra h\u01a1i mu\u1ed9n, n\u00ean ta c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ebft Nh\u00e2m T\u00fd qua \u0111i, m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 1971-1972 s\u1eafp k\u1ebft th\u00fac, \u0111\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n ta c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00ec l\u1edbn. M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 huy\u00eanh hoang \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\u201d \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. \u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean, ng\u00e0y 30-3-1972, qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00f9 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 9 - Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, Kon Tum, r\u1ed3i mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, Khu V, \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long. \u0110\u1ecbch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u00f2i gian, h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Ng\u00e0y 31-3-1972, Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u1ee7y \u0110\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p chi huy, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef9 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ebft 352","C h\u01b0 \u01a1ng IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng.., t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0: \\\"\u0110\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean no l\u1ef1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc c\u00f9a to\u00e0n \u0110 \u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ta, t\u1eadp trung s\u1ef1 c\u00f4 g\u0103ng cao nh\u1ea5t, n\u1eafm v\u1eefng th\u1eddi c\u01a1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, \u0111\u1ea5y m\u1ea1nh tan c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1eadp tan chi\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u00ean tranh\\\", \u0111\u1eadp tan \\\"h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Nichx\u01a1n\\\" c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0m chuy\u00ean bi\u00ean c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n chi\u00ean tranh, gi\u00e0nh th\u0103ng l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn nh\u00e1t cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u00ean ch\u00f4ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta v\u00e0 nh\u0103n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng\\\". Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00e0ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \\\"C\u00e1c \u0111ong ch\u00ed h\u00e2y: N\u00eau cao ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, tinh th\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn, quy\u1ebft th\u1eafng, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ch\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft, l\u1ec9nh ho\u1ea1t ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch... C\u00e1c chi\u00ean d\u1ecbch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u0103m \u00ec 972 \u0111\u00e3 b\u0103t \u0111\u1ea7u! Gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd tr\u00e1m tr\u1eadn tr\u00e0m th\u1eafng c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng anh h\u00f9ng, c\u00f9a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i anh h\u00f9ng. To\u00e0n th\u00ea c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u00ean s\u1ef9 tr\u00ean kh\u00e1p c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn h\u00e3y anh d\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean 1 Th\u01b0 c\u00f9a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ed5 v\u0169 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i to l\u1edbn trong cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, tr\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean, 150 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 90 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang c\u1ed1i, h\u1ecfa ti\u1ec5n c\u00f9a Qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t b\u1eafn h\u01a1n 15.000 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1n xu\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9. s\u1edf chi huy v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf Nam - B\u1eafc \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 9 - Qu\u00e2ng Tr\u1ecb. C\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Qu\u00e1n Ngang, mi\u1ebfu B\u00e1i S\u01a1n, Mai L\u1ed9c, \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0, C\u1ed3n Ti\u00ean, D\u1ed1c Mi\u1ebfu tr\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n rung chuy\u1ec3n. Qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00e1o binh \u0111\u1ecbch, ri\u00eang \u0111i\u1ec3m cao 241, ta d\u00f9ng 34 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c 105, 130mm d\u1ed9i b\u00e3o l\u1eeba c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, bu\u1ed9c Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 56 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ta ng\u1eebng b\u1eb3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. Ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3, xe t\u0103ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 binh ta t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 27 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 2 (Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 56) v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e1ng to \u00e0 i t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 33, S\u0111d, tr. 230-231. 353","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 \u0111o\u00e0n 1 (Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 2) qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, chi\u1ebfm \u0111i\u1ec3m cao 288 v\u00e0 544. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 27 \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ed3i Tr\u00f2n. Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 48 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edd Qu\u1ea5t X\u00e1, bao v\u00e2y Cam L\u1ed9, kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 9. \u0110o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh 31 c\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, bao v\u00e2y c \u1ed3 n Ti\u00ean. Ng\u00e0y 31-3, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 9, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 304, ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t g\u1ecdn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf Ba Tum, Ba H\u1ed3, chi\u1ebfm c\u00e3n c\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea7u M\u1ea7u. Ng\u00e0y 1-4, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 66, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 304, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ed9ng To\u00e0n. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 126 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t t\u1eadp k\u00edch Duy\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n 11 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, b\u1eafn ch\u00ecm 8 t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c, ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng 31, 35, Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh 47 V\u0129nh Linh, c\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Gio Linh, Ben Ng\u1ef1, Mai X\u00e1 Th\u1ecb, Xu\u00e2n Kh\u00e1nh, H\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 10 v\u1ea1n d\u00e2n \u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng c\u0169. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c x\u00e3 Gio M\u1ef9, Gio L\u1ec5, Gio H\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. C\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 1 (S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 304) \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm \u0111i\u1ec3m cao 365, \u0110\u1ed9ng Ng\u00f4, bao v\u00e2y c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ho\u00e0ng. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng lu\u1ed3n s\u00e2u t\u1eadp k\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edd \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0, Ai T\u1eed. Ng\u00e0y 1-4, s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 huy S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5. S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 La Vang v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb1ng. Ng\u00e0y 3-4-1972, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 66 thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 304 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1edf chi huy L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n 147, th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n l\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Mai L\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i, ph\u00e1 v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y. Ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 gi\u00e1i ph\u00f3ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ta, T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n 1 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n L\u00e3m \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t r\u00fat ch\u1ea1y. Ch\u1edbp th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 126 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n ta nhanh ch\u00f3ng bao v\u00e2y ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm lu\u00f4n c\u00e0ng C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4-4-1972. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c, qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng 2 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n, 1 chi \u0111o\u00e0n thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa T\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u1ed9ng Tranh, ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf, thu h\u00fat m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00fang t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng c\u1ee9u Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. 354","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u0103ng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng.., Sau 5 ng\u00e0y chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 4-4-1972, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 56, \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 2 v\u00e0 L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n 147 th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n l\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Chi\u1ebfn \u0111o\u00e0n 20, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 9, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n 2 huy\u1ec7n Gio Linh v\u00e0 Cam L\u1ed9. T u y \u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 v\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u1edbi 4 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 trung \u0111o\u00e0n, 7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ta chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p ph\u00eda b\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, \u00e1p s\u00e1t v\u00e0 uy hi\u1ebfp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0, \u00c1i T\u1eed, La Vang. Ng\u00e0y 4-4-1972, ta huy \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0, \u00c1i T\u1eed, Nhan Bi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u1ea5p 5 trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh v\u00e0 2 trung \u0111o\u00e0n thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p ra Tr\u1ecb - Thi\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh bao g\u1ed3m 6 trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh, 4 thi\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e0n xe t\u0103ng, 5 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u00e1o. Tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng th\u00f9 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 v\u1edbi xe t\u0103ng b\u1ecdc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam c\u00f3 ph\u00e1o binh, m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y bay B.52 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1eafn ph\u00e1, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Do ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm v\u1eebng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ta v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0 \u01afong ng\u00e0y 8-4 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hao n\u1eb7ng. B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u00eam \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u00f2i v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh Qu\u00e0ng Tr\u1ecb, t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00eam 30 r\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y 31-3-1972, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o tuy\u1ebfn ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edd T\u00e2y s\u00f4ng P\u00f4 C\u00f4. Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n d\u00f9 2 c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ecb Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 52 v\u00e0 1 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 48 (S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 320) \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng. \u0110\u1ecbch v\u1ed9i \u0111i\u1ec1u Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n d\u00f9 11 l\u00ean t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 S\u00e1c Ly v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam qu\u00e2n l\u00ean m\u0103t tr\u1eadn \u0110\u00e1c T\u00f4 - T\u00e2n C\u1ea3nh. Sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0y 14-4, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 64 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, di\u1ec7t g\u1ecdn Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n d\u00f9 s\u1ed1 11, b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng 166 t\u00ean. Tuy\u1ebfn ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n 355","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y s\u00f4ng P\u00f4 C\u00f4 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ecb ch\u1ecdc th\u00f9ng, qu\u00e2n ta \u00e1p s\u00e1t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 42 v\u00e0 47 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edd \u0110\u1eafc T\u00f4 - T\u00e2n C\u1ea3nh, uy hi\u1ebfp th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Kon Tum. T\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, ng\u00e0y 1-4-1972, qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng Chi\u1ebfn \u0111o\u00e0n 49 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Sa M\u00e1t - B\u00e0u \u0110ung, di\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111o\u00e0n n\u00e0y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n Sa M\u00e1t. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n T\u00e2y Ninh n\u1ed5i d\u1eady di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c r\u00fat 20 \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng huy\u1ec7n T\u00e2n Bi\u00ean. Ng\u00e0y 5-4-1972, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1ed9 binh, ph\u00e1o binh v\u00e0 xe t\u00e3ng n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng chi khu L\u1ed9c Ninh. B\u1ecb b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u00e0 ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n, Qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n 3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u1ed9i \u0111i\u1ec1u 2 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 1 thi\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e0n v\u1ec1 c\u1ee9u nguy, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ta ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc L\u1ed9c Ninh. S\u00e1ng 7-4, ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n chi khu L\u1ed9c Ninh. Sau m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng d\u1ed3n d\u1eadp v\u00e0o tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 13 v\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 22, Qu\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng 3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh v\u00e0 2 trung \u0111o\u00e0n thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ba huy\u1ec7n L\u1ed9c Ninh, B\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed1p, Thi\u1ec7n Ng\u00f4n, b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng V\u0129nh, Chi huy tr\u01b0\u1edfng Chi\u1ebfn \u0111o\u00e0n 9 thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 5 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, uy hi\u1ebfp th\u1ecb x\u00e3 An L\u1ed9c thu\u1ed9c tinh B\u00ecnh Long. L\u00fac n\u00e0y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edd An L\u1ed9c h\u00e9l s\u1ee9c ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n, song do la ch\u01b0a chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ecbp n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng An L\u1ed9c trong ng\u00e0y 7-4-1972. Ti\u1ebfp sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng L\u1ed9c Ninh, t\u1ea1i Khu V, ta m\u1edf chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o B\u1eafc B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n Tam Quan, Ho\u00e0i Nh\u01a1n, Ho\u00e0i \u00c2n, Ph\u00fa M\u1ef9. Sau 24 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t (t\u1eeb 8-4 \u0111\u1ebfn 1-5-1972), b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c Khu V k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m G\u00f2 L\u00f4i, Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ea3o an 48, Chi\u1ebfn \u0111o\u00e0n 40 \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u1eadn l\u1ef5 Ho\u00e0i \u00c2n. Hom 3 v\u1ea1n d\u00e2n B\u1eb3c B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. 356","C h \u01b0 \u01a1n g IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng.., T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, \u0111\u00eam 6 r\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y 7-4-1972, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Qu\u00e2n khu IX n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng chi khu qu\u1eadn l\u1ef5 Ngang D\u1eeba, \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 9 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, di\u1ec7t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ba Th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 N\u1ed7ng C\u1ea1n (x\u00e3 Kh\u00e1nh L\u00e2m) c\u00f9ng s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 huy Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 33 (U Minh), di\u1ec7t g\u1ecdn y\u1ebfu khu Th\u1ea7y Ph\u00f3 (V\u0129nh Long)... Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u00f9a ta, M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n l\u00fang t\u00fang, v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng b\u1ecf tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i co v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 tuy\u1ebfn trong. Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ta n\u1ed5 ra ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1eafp khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1. N\u00edchx\u01a1n li\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a g\u1ea7n 1\/3 s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt (1.077\/3.041 chi\u1ebfc), 48% m\u00e1y bay B.52 (197\/400 chi\u1ebfc), 6 t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay, 65 t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn chi vi\u1ec7n cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ta. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ng\u00e0y 16-4-1972, N\u00edchx\u01a1n ra l\u1ec7nh n\u00e9m bom tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 5-1972 ra l\u1ec7nh th\u1ea3 bom m\u00ecn bao v\u00e2y, phong t\u1ecfa c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i, h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng \u1edd mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, ng\u00e0y 16-4-1972, Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00e0ng Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 ra L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc anh d\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u1eadp tan m\u1ecdi \u00e2m m\u01b0u m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. L\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi n\u00eau r\u00f5: \\\"T\u00e1p \u0111o\u00e0n hi\u1ec3u chi\u1ebfn Nichx\u01a1n mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" kh\u1ecfi nguy c\u01a1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Ch\u00fang mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh trong l\u00fac ch\u00fang \u0111ang thua to v\u00e0 kh\u00f4n qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean chi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00ea \u00e9p ta \\\"\u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n\\\" theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f9a ch\u00fang\u201d. Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi: \\\"To\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ta, tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e3y n\u00eau cao ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111au v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do c\u00f9a T\u00f4 qu\u1ed1c, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, b\u00e0o v\u1ec7 mi\u00ean B\u0103c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng nhat n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0\u201d'. 1. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea3ng, t\u1eadp m, S\u0111d, tr. 641. 357","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 L\u00fac n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ecbch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy\u1ebft gi\u1eef \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0, \u00c1i T\u1eed, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 14 \u0111\u1ebfn 26-4-1972, ta t\u1eadp trung v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1p s\u00e1t \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0, \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ee1 tuy\u1ebfn ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0nh \u0111ai xe t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch. Ng\u00e0y 27-4- 1972, v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 30.000 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1n ph\u00e1o chi vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o binh, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 308 v\u00e0 xe t\u0103ng c\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m cao, th\u1ecdc s\u00e2u v\u00e0o s\u00e2n bay, chi\u1ebfm chi khu qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0. Ng\u00e0y 28-4-1972, ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Trung Ch\u1ec9, \u0110\u1ea1i Ang v\u00e0 Lai Ph\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1ea1i c\u1ee5m \u00c1i T\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, sau nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t, chi\u1ec1u 28-4, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 304 \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7u Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, s\u00e2n bay c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u00c1i T\u1eed, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u 1-5, ta \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn n\u00e0y. Sau khi \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e0, \u00c1i T\u1eed b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, qu\u1eadn l\u1ef5 H\u1ea3i L\u0103ng b\u1ecb uy hi\u1ebfp, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf La Vang b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y. Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n. Tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y 1-5, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \\\"lui qu\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c\\\" \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 324 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang r\u00fat ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e1o binh b\u1eafn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng so 1. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 xe ph\u00e1o, th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n. L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n 369 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n r\u00fat v\u1ec1 Nam s\u00f4ng M\u1ef9 Ch\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n M\u1ef9 ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, chu\u1ea9n t\u01b0\u00f3ng V\u0169 V\u0103n Giai - Tir l\u1ec7nh S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 3. d\u00f9ng tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb1ng. Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 9, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 304 c\u1ee7a ta ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, 18 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 2-5-1972, t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb - tinh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. Sau 34 ng\u00e0y chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eadp tan h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch cho l\u00e0 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t 3 trung \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng 1 l\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n l\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn, 2 li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n, 4 thi\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, b\u1eaft h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u00f9 binh, thu nhi\u1ec1u v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. 358","Ch\u01b0omg IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng.., Ng\u00e0y 4-5-1972, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb g\u1eedi \u0111i\u1ec7n khen ng\u1ee3i c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp cho B\u1ed9 chi huy chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y th\u1eddi c\u01a1, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i chu l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u00f9a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Hu\u1ebf, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbch, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Ph\u00fa B\u00e0i. Tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 10-4, qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e2y \u00e9p, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng 3 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf Ng\u1ecdc T\u00fa, m\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u1edf \u0110\u1eafc T\u00f4 - T\u00e2n C\u1ea3nh. Ng\u00e0y 24-4, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 2, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 66 v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 37 \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chi vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1o binh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u0103n c\u1ee9 42, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 22 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh L\u00ea \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n M\u1ef9, b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u00f3 Vi V\u0103n B\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Ban tham m\u01b0u s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n. C\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 1 (S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 2) v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 10 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o \u0110\u1eafc T\u00f4, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 47, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0110\u1eafc T\u00f4 2. Th\u1eeba thang qu\u00e2n ta ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Di\u00eam B\u00ecnh, qu\u1eadn l\u1ef5 \u0110\u1eafc T\u00f4. Sau m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 then ch\u1ed1t c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecbch trong h\u1ec7 thong ph\u00f2ng th\u00f9 R ar T \u00e2y N guy\u00ean, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng to\u00e0n h\u1ed9 v\u00f9ng Rac t\u1ec9nh Kon Tum. S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 22 (thi\u1ebfu), Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 4 thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p, 2 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u00e1o binh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam, qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecbch trong c\u0103n c\u1ee9. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0110\u1eafc T\u00f4 - T\u00e2n C\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh nhanh, di\u1ec7t g\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ta trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y. T\u1ea1i th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Kon Tum. m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edd \u0111\u00e2y hoang mang dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, song ta ch\u01b0a th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1nh ngay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, M \u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0a 359","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 ngay S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 23 l\u00ean ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 th\u1ecb x\u00e3. T\u1eeb 14-5 \u0111\u1ebfn 22-5-1972, ta t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch ven th\u1ecb x\u00e3, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecbch, song kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 m\u1edbi v\u00f9ng ven c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00f9a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Kon Tum. \u0110\u00eam 25 r\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y 26-5-1972, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 2 v\u00e0 xe t\u0103ng Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 273 c\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i 209 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Kon Tum t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng m\u0169i r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o th\u1ecb x\u00e3, \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00eda nam khu h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh tinh, s\u00e2n bay, s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 huy Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 44, kho 40, 41. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang th\u1ea3 bom ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh c\u00f9a ta. B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam 2 trung \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u trong th\u1ecb x\u00e3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 10 ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ra \u1ee9ng c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ta \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Trong tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh n\u00e0y, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ta b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong nhi\u1ec1u, qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t, xe t\u0103ng b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed5 sung k\u1ecbp, s\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ta c\u00f2n b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy. Ng\u00e0y 6-6-1972, B\u1ed9 T \u01b0 l\u1ec7nh chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ra l\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Kon Tum r\u00fat ra \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng Xu\u00e2n - H\u00e8 \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, ng\u00e0y 13-4, qu\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o th\u1ecb x\u00e3 An L\u1ed9c, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u sinh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbch, chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1ecb x\u00e3. \u0110\u1ecbch v\u1ed9i t\u0103ng th\u00eam qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. Ng\u00e0y 11-5, ta m\u1edf ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0o th\u1ecb x\u00e3, nh\u01b0ng do l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1ea1nh, ta kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng. T\u1ea1i Khu V, qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c quy m\u00f4 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chi khu, qu\u1eadn l\u1ef5 c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf 360","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng.., tinh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u1ed5i d\u1eady tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng. Ng\u00e0y 18-4, ta gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u1eadn l\u1ef5 Ho\u00e0i An, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u1ed5i d\u1eady bao v\u00e2y, b\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng, b\u1ee9c r\u00fat h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ecf, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Sau 20 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f9a chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n tinh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t h\u01a1n 1 v\u1ea1n t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 2 trung \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00f9 l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n hai huy\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0i \u00c2n, Ho\u00e0i Nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn huy\u1ec7n Ph\u00fa M\u1ef9. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u00f9a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed5 v\u0169 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Khu V \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady. T\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u1eadn l\u1ef5 Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ee9c, gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u1edf 20 x\u00e3 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n B\u00ecnh S\u01a1n, S\u01a1n T\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda nam s\u00f4ng V\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i. \u0110en cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 5-1972, cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9a ta \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e0i qua 2 th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i to l\u1edbn. Ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tan r\u00e3 h\u01a1n 11 v\u1ea1n t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, trong \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7t 2 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n, 11 trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh, 6 trung \u0111o\u00e0n thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p, \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng 3 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Kon Tum, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, B\u00ecnh Long v\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Long; m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edd Khu V, \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng g\u1ea7n 1 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n. V\u00f3i nh\u1eefng th\u1eb3ng l\u1ee3i to l\u1edbn tr\u00ean, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2n r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, l\u00e0m cho chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u0110e c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf, N\u00edchx\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeb d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u00e0i qu\u00e2n 0 \u1ea1t tham chi\u1ebfn \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 g\u00e2y l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00fa nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a M \u1ef9 v\u1ec1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ''Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. 361","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 Nh\u00e0m ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111ang tr\u00ean chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng tan r\u00e3, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u1ef9 Led\u01a1 xin Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i b\u1ed5 sung vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thi\u1ec7u 3 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4la. M\u1ef9 c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c l\u1eadp c\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n sang Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n trang b\u1ecb cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n lo\u1ea1i xe t\u0103ng h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng M48, t\u00ean l\u1eeda ch\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng TOW m\u00e0 M\u1ef9 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho kh\u1ed1i qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00fac ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u00f4n qu\u00e2n, b\u1eaft l\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ta ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng. M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t cao c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 h\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng ta m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. \u0110i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, N\u00edchx\u01a1n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ho\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Paris, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00f9 \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tranh th\u00f9 s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 nh\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u00e9p ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 1-6-1972, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ec1 ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5: \u0110e qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta, c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ed1 gi\u1eef cho c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea5u h\u01a1n, h\u00f2ng \u00e9p Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho ch\u00fang. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n N\u00edchxcm c\u1ed1 s\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 do b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ngoan c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c \\\"c\u0169ng l\u00e0 do t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c t\u00e9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m \u1edb i... 362","C h\u01b0 \u01a1ng IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng.., \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u0103ng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta qua 2 th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u00f4i d\u1eady, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u1edf mi\u00ean Nam \u0111ang th\u0103ng l\u1edbn, so s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u00f4i quan tr\u1ecdng, xu the ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho ta, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ecbch..., \\\"chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u00ean tranh\\\" c\u00f9a Nichx\u01a1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00e1 s\u00e0n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \\\", H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00f9a ta, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9 l\u1ef1c tuy gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi c\u01a1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng; phong tr\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ph\u00e1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edd n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1eafp; phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u00f9a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta l\u00e0 \\\"Gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy th\u1ebf th\u1eafng, th\u1ebf ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" c\u1ee7a M \u1ef9\\\"1. Trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9a kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang coi l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f2a l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u1edb m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. T\u00ednh ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1n ph\u00e1o h\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1o m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang b\u1eafn tr\u00ean 10 v\u1ea1n vi\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t k\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay B.52 t\u1eeb 11 l\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfc\/ng\u00e0y trong th\u00e1ng 5 l\u00ean 51 l\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfc\/ng\u00e0y trong th\u00e1ng 6, c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y l\u00ean t\u1edbi 100 l\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfc. Ng\u00e0y 28-6-1972, ngay sau khi ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0o tuy\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng M\u1ef9 Ch\u00e1nh, g\u00e2y cho ta nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ecbch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1i chi\u1ebfm 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 33, S\u0111d, tr, 308. 363","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang huy \u0111\u1ed9ng 2 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c (s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n d\u00f9 v\u00e0 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n l\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn) m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u00f2ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. Sau 1 tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n H\u1ea3i L\u0103ng, La Vang, \u00e1p s\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ta ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. Song \u01b0ong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, phi ph\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbch \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1t gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1ecb x\u00e3 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hao nhi\u1ec1u, v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t, h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, s\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1ea3m nhanh. Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cho B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \\\"t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00f9 khu v\u1ef1c\\\". \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 9-1972, ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 li\u00ean ho\u00e0n. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n t\u0103ng th\u00eam l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf bao v\u00e2y t\u1eeb \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc t\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nam th\u1ecb x\u00e3, v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi mang t\u00ean \\\"Ke ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00f3ng l\u00f4i\\\". Su\u1ed1t 2 ng\u00e0y li\u1ec1n, ch\u00fang b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ta, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 xung quanh th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. M\u00e1y bay B.52 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c r\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m b\u1edd B\u1eafc s\u00f4ng Th\u1ea1ch H\u00e3n. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 9 \u0111\u1ebfn 16-9-1972, \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i Gia Long, La Vang, T\u00edch T\u01b0\u1eddng, Nh\u01b0 L\u1ec5, B\u00edch Kh\u00ea, N\u1ea1i C\u1eebu v\u00e0 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. Qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t chi th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edd Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 \\\"tr\u1eadn quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c\\\", qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau cao tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi hy sinh, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m gi\u1eef v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 \u0111a gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ef1c. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn ph\u00e0n k\u00edch d\u1eabm m\u00e1u c\u0169a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta di\u1ec5n ra d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5, gi\u00e0nh gi\u1eadt v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eebng m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u1edd t\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u01a1n 40% xe ph\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ta b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1ecfng; sau t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 binh c\u1ee7a ta chi c\u00f2n tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ta ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 sung 1 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb gi\u1eef th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. Sau g\u1ea7n 3 th\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, do kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn th\u00edch h\u1ecdp m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta b\u1ecb t\u1ed3n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o th\u1ebf b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110 \u00fang 18 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 16-9-1972, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh r\u00fat 364","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng.., kh\u1ecfi th\u1ecb x\u00e3, chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam s\u00f4ng M\u1ef9 Ch\u00e1nh. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u00e0o v\u1ec7 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb di\u1ec5n ra trong 81 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng gay go v\u00e0 \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n anh h\u00f9ng ca v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh, tr\u00ed qu\u00e0 c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hy sinh v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u anh d\u0169ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c cho y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ngo\u1ea1i giao, \u0111\u00e3 k\u00ecm gi\u1eef d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecbch, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 c\u00f9a ta trong th\u1eddi gian ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. T\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, sau khi chi\u1ebfm L\u1ed9c Ninh, nh\u00e2n l\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbch r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n, B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh M i\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn binh chiing h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh g\u1ed3m S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 9, 2 trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh, 1 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n xe t\u0103ng, nhanh ch\u00f3ng bao v\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb x\u00e3 An L\u1ed9c. Trong g\u1ea7n 3 th\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 21 v\u00e0 25 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa th\u1ecb x\u00e3 An L\u1ed9c. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 8-1972, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd th\u1ecdc s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c B cn C \u00e1t, L ai K h\u00ea, di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbch, bu\u1ed9c M \u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i co l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng th\u00f9 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. T\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn B\u00ecnh Long, sau 3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch v\u00e0o th\u1ecb x\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, ta chuy\u1ec3n sang bao v\u00e2y l\u1ecfng, thu h\u00fat, k\u00ecm ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 13. V\u1edbi quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m khai th\u00f4ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 13, \u0111\u1ecbch m\u1edf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1t ch\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf T\u00e0u \u00d4. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh gi\u1eadt v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1eebng t\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 45, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 48 thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 25 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, di\u1ec7t 300 t\u00ean, 6 xe t\u0103ng, bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n. 365","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 Th\u00e1ng 8-1972, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eadp k\u00edch c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Lai Kh\u00ea, truy k\u00edch S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 25 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fang c\u1ee9u, lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f2i v\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u 600 t\u00ean, b\u1eaft 84 t\u00ean, thu 170 s\u00fang. Ng\u00e0y 1-9-1972, ta k\u1ebft th\u00fac giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ed1t ch\u1eb7n tr\u00ean \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 13. B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Mi\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00f9 l\u1ef1c xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long m\u1edf chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u1edf Qu\u00e2n khu VIII. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, ta ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c ch\u1ecdc th\u1ee7ng tuy\u1ebfn ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 tuy\u1ebfn ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n trung t\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p M\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh lang v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u1ecdc s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng 4, d\u1ee9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn l\u1ef5, chi khu, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u1ed5i d\u1eady. Ng\u00e0y 10-6-1972, tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f9a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 5, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ph\u00e1o binh Mi\u1ec1n, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u00e2ng khu VIII v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c chi khu Long Kh\u1ed1t, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 G\u00f2 M\u0103ng \u0110a, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Th\u1ea1ch Tr\u1ecb, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 M\u1ed9c H\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m Nam B\u1eafc \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 4. \u0110en ng\u00e0y 20-6- 1972, \u0111\u1ee3t 1 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch k\u1ebft th\u00fac, ta lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u 5.000 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, di\u1ec7t 1 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng 5 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n kh\u00e1c, b\u1ee9c r\u00fat, b\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng 50 \u0111\u1ed3n, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng 2 x\u00e3, 30 \u1ea5p, gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i hom 30.000 d\u00e2n. T \u1eeb ng\u00e0y 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 31-7-1972, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ef1ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3t 2, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ecbch l\u00ean bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00f9ng Nam B\u1eafc \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 4. Ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c Mi\u1ec1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u1ef5 Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n 41 bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn \u0111o\u00e0n A b\u1ea3o an B\u1ebfn Tre, ti\u00eau hao g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 7, g\u1ee1 63 \u0111\u1ed3n, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng 5 x\u00e3 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea5p, m\u1edf ra th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ta. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n Qu\u00e2n khu VIII k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 10-6 \u0111\u1ebfn 10-8-1972, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng thang l\u1ee3i quan tr\u1ecdng. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u 366","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng.., kho\u1ea3ng 34.000 t\u00ean, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng 20 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i, 49 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i, 22 trung \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u1ef5 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch, b\u1eafn r\u01a1i 60 m\u00e1y bay, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y g\u1ea7n 300 xe qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, 73 t\u00e0u, 37 kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o, 21 kho, thu h\u01a1n 3.200 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang, di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c r\u00fat 500 \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng 72 x\u00e3 v\u1edbi 48 v\u1ea1n d\u00e2n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh M\u1ef9 Tho, Ben Tre, G\u00f2 C\u00f4ng, Ki\u1ebfn Phong v\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn T\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0110 \u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 4. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p Qu\u00e2n khu VIII \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf m\u1edbi tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eebu Long. T\u1ea1i Qu\u00e2n khu IX, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c theo l\u1ed1i cu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfu, di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ea3o an, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, ti\u00eau hao v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tan r\u00e3 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, b\u1ee9c r\u00fat h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng 400 \u1ea5p. \u1ede v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Khu V, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 7-1972, \u0111\u1ecbch huy \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n 2 0 \u1ea1t ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch v\u00f9ng ta m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u1edf B\u1eafc tinh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh. Do ta kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f9 \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 v\u00f9ng m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8 -1972, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n sang ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u01a1 h\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edd T\u00e2y D\u0103c Q u\u1ea3ng N am , Q u\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i v\u00e0 Nam B\u00ecnh D \u1ecbnh di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c qu\u1eadn l\u1ef5 Ti\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, Qu\u1ebf S\u01a1n (Qu\u1ea3ng Nam), Ba T\u01a1, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 bi\u1ec7t k\u00edch \u0110\u00e1 B\u00e0n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf hai huy\u1ec7n M\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1ed5 (Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i), h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i d\u1eady gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u00f9. Trong khi cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng thang l\u1ee3i vang d\u1ed9i th\u00ec t\u1ea1i L\u00e0o, l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ta v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 21-5-1972, M\u1ef9 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng 40 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u00eang Ch\u0103n v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Th\u00e1i Lan 367","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 C\u00d3 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n M \u1ef9 y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 m\u1edd cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm tr\u1edd l\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Chum. Ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n L\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba, ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh lui c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam tham gia chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 316 v\u00e0 3 trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, 1 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n binh ch\u1ee7ng. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n L\u00e0o c\u00f3 7 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n. V\u1edbi th\u1ebf \u01b0\u1eadn ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 v\u0169ng ch\u1eafc, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i hai n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t - L\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbch, li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp b\u1ebb g\u00e3y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 26-10-1972, Li\u00ean qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t - L\u00e0o t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1eadn then ch\u1ed1t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng Nam C\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Chum, di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng 2.000 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c C\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Chum. Qua n\u1eeda n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gian kh\u1ed5, li\u00ean qu\u00e2n L\u00e0o - Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng 5.800 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i 8 GM (trung \u0111o\u00e0n c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u00eang Ch\u0103n) v\u00e0 3 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n Th\u00e1i Lan, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i C\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Chum c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ta \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e0o, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ta v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1nh th\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbch trong m \u00f9a m \u01b0a, gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Chum. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1972, t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb sa l\u1ea7y v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ba n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. T\u1ea1i L\u00e0o, tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong n\u0103m 1972, th\u00e1ng 10-1972, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u00eang Ch\u0103n bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng thang chi\u1ebfn tranh, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng L\u00e0o. Ng\u00e0y 21-2-1973, \\\"Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, 368","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng... th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\\\" \u1edf L\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft. C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng L\u00e0o chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi - giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. T\u1ea1i Campuchia, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00f9a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n Cam puchia c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c tinh C\u00f4ngp\u00f4ngthom, C\u00f4ngp\u00f4ngch\u00e0m, C\u00f4ngph\u00f4ngch\u01a1n\u0103ng, Prayveng, So\u00e0iri\u00eang, C\u0103mpot, T\u00e0keo, Xi\u00eamri\u1ec7p, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i, ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Phn\u00f4m P\u00eanh, g\u00e2y cho \u0111\u1ecbch nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Lonnon l\u00fan s\u00e2u v\u00e0o th\u1ebf b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1. V\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Campuchia ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. \u1edc mi\u1ec1n Nam, cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1972, M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m \u1edf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n nh\u1eb1m chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Khu V v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long. Ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft gi\u1eef v\u1eefng v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, th\u00e1ng 1-1973, \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c ph\u00e0n k\u00edch c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 23 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n t\u1ea1i V\u00f5 \u0110\u1ecbnh, di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng 4 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n, bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i co v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 C\u00f4ng Tum. \u1edc mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00e2y h\u00e3m \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb x\u00e3 An L\u1ed9c, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf ngo\u1ea1i vi S \u00e0i G \u00f2n, g\u00e2y ch o ch\u00fang nhi\u00ean th i\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i N \u00f4i h\u1eadt l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn ph\u00e1o k\u00edch s\u00e0n bay T\u00e2n S\u01a1n Nh\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y 6-12, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y 85 m\u00e1y bay, di\u1ec7t 200 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt; tr\u1eadn t\u1eadp k\u00edch khu kho Th\u00e0nh Tuy H\u1ea1 ng\u00e0y 13-12, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y 70.000 t\u1ea5n bom \u0111\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 1-1973, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 5 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, di\u1ec7t chi\u1ebfn \u0111o\u00e0n 6 t\u1ea1i Long Xuy\u00ean, b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng 478 t\u00ean. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Khu V, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ta ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n c\u00f2ng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng 369","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1972, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng di\u1ec7t, b\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng, b\u1ee9c r\u00fat h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ecbch, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u00eam g\u1ea7n 100 th\u00f4n g\u1ed3m 13.000 d\u00e2n \u1edf Khu V v\u00e0 1.000 \u1ea5p v\u1edbi hom 100.000 d\u00e2n \u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Nam B\u1ed9. H\u00f2a nh\u1ecbp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o n\u1ed5i d\u1eady gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb mi\u1ec1n Nam, phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng M \u1ef9 - Thi\u1ec7u c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1972, ri\u00eang \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn - Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra h\u01a1n 150 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f2i c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a 5.000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u S\u00e0i G\u00f2n n\u1ed5 ra ng\u00e0y 17- 3-1972 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft y\u00eau s\u00e1ch t\u0103ng 39% l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch \u1edf c\u1ea3ng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng bu\u1ed9c gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1972, ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong 34 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 5 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed9, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 5 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00f9a sinh vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh, ph\u1eadt t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb c\u0169ng li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed5 ra. Ng\u00e0y 18-3-1972, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 15.000 sinh vi\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n khoa S\u00e0i G\u00f2n nh\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1t b\u00e3i kh\u00f3a ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n h\u1eaft giam tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i tr\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do ngay cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft. Ng\u00e0y 13-4-1972, 17 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u1edd mi\u1ec1n Nam, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u01b0anh th\u1ee7 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, T\u1ed5ng h\u1ed9i Sinh vi\u00ean S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 Phong tr\u00e0o Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00f2i quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng, ra tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f2i Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 17 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 6-1972, 800 nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 \u1edd tinh Tr\u00e0 Vinh v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 13.000 l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh qua h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n d\u1ed3n qu\u00e2n, b\u1eaft l\u00ednh. Ng\u00e0y 1-7- 1972, hai \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o an s\u1ed1 468 v\u00e0 126 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n M\u1ecf C\u00e0y v\u00e0 khu ph\u1ed1 Thom (Ben Tre) n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ec7nh h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee9u vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn chi huy \u00e1c \u00f4n. T\u00ednh chung trong 370","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng.. n\u0103m 1972 \u0111\u00e3 c \u00f3 54.000 binh s\u0129 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n b\u1ecf ng\u0169, 3.750 v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn. Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i to l\u1edbn. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i 2 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n, 9 trung \u0111o\u00e0n, 38 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh, 12 trung \u0111o\u00e0n thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p, 17 ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u00e1o binh c\u00f9a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng, b\u1ee9c r\u00fat kho\u1ea3ng 2.200 \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u01a1n 9.000 \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ecbch. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 t\u1eebng m\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3n b\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y. Trong cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y, ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec1u tuy\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecbch, chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n xung y\u1ebfu. Th\u1ebf b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u00ean to\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c 1972 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft tinh Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, Kon Tum, ph\u00eda B\u1eafc t\u1ec9nh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c tinh T\u00e2y Ninh, B\u00ecnh Long, Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Long, m\u1edf ra v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1edbi \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Khu V, \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long. Th\u00eam 1 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00e0 Mau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 4 tri\u1ec7u ngir\u00f2i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 2 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng tranh ch\u00e2p trong t\u00f4ng s\u00f4 1 1 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n mi\u1ec1n Nam. Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c 1972 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f9a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c. Sau cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, h\u01a1n 10 s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c ta v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u1edf Khu V v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ba th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh, t\u1ea1o th\u1ebf t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam. C\u0169ng qua cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb 371","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch, gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf so v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra, song th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c 1972 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng to l\u1edbn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta t\u1eeb sau cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady T\u1ebft M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n 1968. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111\u1ea9y chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Pari (th\u00e1ng 1-1973), r\u00fat h\u1ebft qu\u00e2n M \u1ef9 ra kh\u1ecfi mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1ea1o b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 372","Ch\u01b0ong V MI\u00c8N B\u1eaeC TI\u00c9P T y c KH\u00d4I PH\u1ee4C V\u00c0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u00caN KINH T\u00c9, V\u0102N HOA X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I, D\u00d3C s \u00fa c CHI VI\u1ec6N CHO C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG MIEN NAM (1973 1975) I. KH\u00d4I PH\u1ee4C V\u00c0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u00c9N KINH T\u00c9 Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1968 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1972, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edd mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1eabn g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1973 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 22 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfm 78%'. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u00f9a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 do v\u1eady th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Rao ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 ra Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n N\u00edchx\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp k\u00edch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y bay B.52 cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1972 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y th\u00eam nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t m\u1edbi, l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng th\u00eam nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 m\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c h\u1ebft. Nhi\u1ec1u con s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i do \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 g\u00e2y ra tr\u00ean mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. T\u00ednh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee9 1 km2 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng 6 t\u1ea5n bom, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n 1. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, Ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea n\u0103m 1975, Nxb. Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1976, tr. 51. 373","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 45kg bom! H\u01a1n 200.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 80.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft do bom \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m cho 70.000 tr\u1ebb em m\u1ea5t cha m \u1eb9 1. T\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. T\u00ednh chung trong hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eb3c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng 100% c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, 1.500\/1.600 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i, h\u01a1n 1.000 qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u00ea xung y\u1ebfu, 6 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb s\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, tr\u00ean 40.000 con tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i; c\u00f3 66 trong s\u1ed1 70 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c doanh b\u1ecb b\u1eb3n ph\u00e1; trong 6 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 th\u00ec c\u00f3 3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. C\u00f3 96\/116 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u00e0 28\/30 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 12 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. To\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 5.788 x\u00e3 th\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 4.000 x\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ph\u00e1, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 300 x\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Trong s\u1ed1 350 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 c\u00f3 10 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Kho\u1ea3ng 1.500 b\u1ec7nh x\u00e1, 1.300 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9. H\u01a1n 5 tri\u1ec7u m2 nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1edf b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch ng\u00f3i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t. C\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, B\u1ebfn Th\u1ee7y, S\u00f4ng Gianh, H\u00f2n Gai, C\u1ea9m P h \u1ea3... b\u1ecb bom m\u00ecn phong t\u1ecfa. H\u00e0ng tr\u00e3m ngh\u00ecn H\u00e9cta \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c b\u1ecb bom \u0111\u1ea1n c\u00e0y x\u00f3i, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau2. Chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng 200.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi3. 1. Ban chi \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Chi\u1ebfn tranh C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1975, Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 516. 2. Chi\u1ebfn tranh C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0110\u00e3 d\u1eabn, tr. 516. 3. Ban Chi \u0111\u1ea1o bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ch\u00ednh ph\u0169 Vi\u1ec7t N am , t\u1eadp II (1955-1976), Nxb. C h\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H \u00e0 N \u1ed9i, 2006, tr. 357. 374","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c... \u0110 \u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m i\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M \u1ef9 g\u00e2y ra, \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: Chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \\\"ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1n bao c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean, l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i v\u00e0i ba k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf\\\"1. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1973 tr\u1edd \u0111i, t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1eb7t \u01b0\u1eadn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng h\u1ecdp v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6-1973, \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf trong 3 n\u0103m (1973-1975). Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7-1973, Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng (kh\u00f3a III) h\u1ecdp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 21 v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f9a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n chi vi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a cho mi\u1ec1n Nam trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 chi vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc cho mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng chi l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 cho c\u1ea3 sau n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y 22-1-1974, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 22 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam (kh\u00f3a III) h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 ra Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \\\"v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0 \u1edbng kh\u00f4i p h \u1ee5 c v\u00e0 p h \u00e1 t tri\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf m i\u1ec1n B \u1eaf c trong hai n \u00e1m 1974-1975\\\". H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, chi r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n l\u00e0 do chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, do tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k \u00e9m ... H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cho mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc trong hai n\u0103m 1974-1975 l\u00e0 \\\"nhanh ch\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh h\u00e0n g\u1eafn nh\u1eefng v\u00e9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u00e9n tranh, ra s\u1ee9c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00f9ng c\u1ed1 quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2fi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n; c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, ra s\u1ee9c chi vi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f9a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfu to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 IV, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1977, tr. 37-38. 375","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 mi\u1ec1n N am 1. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft, Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0: c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, than, \u0111i\u1ec7n, luy\u1ec7n kim, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c p h \u1ea9m ... \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \\\"ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch c\u00f9a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0: c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u00fa t\u1eeb trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3,... Giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, y t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i sau chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd quan t\u00e2m. C\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. v \u1ed1 n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i. Ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ri\u00eang ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u0103m 1974 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm 36% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0; ng\u00e0nh giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfm 19%, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfm 15%, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c chi\u1ebfm 15%, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfm 14% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b02. 1. Kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p T\u1ef3 tr\u1ecdng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong khu v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1972-1975 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 39,2%. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1973 \u0111\u1ebfn 1. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 22 c\u00f9a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00e0ng, s \u1ed1 22\/NQT\u01af, tr. 10 (l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9). 2. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, Ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m thong k\u00ea n\u0103m 1975... S\u0111d. D\u1ea7n theo PGS.TS. Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh L\u00ea: L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1954-1975, Nxb. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2010, ti. 206. 376","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c... 1975, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p chi \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, v\u1eeba k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0: ga xe l\u1eeda Gia L\u00e2m, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y xi m\u0103ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec... \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f9a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y t\u00e3ng g\u1ea5p 9,7 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1955-1957. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1972-1975 l\u00e0 17,7% (trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00f3m A t\u0103ng 19%, nh\u00f3m B t\u1ea3ng 16,8%)'. Trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfm 38,4% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974, 42,6% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 19752. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n n\u0103m 1965 l\u00e0 22,2% v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1975 l\u00e0 28,7%. N\u0103m 1975, h\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfm 91,5% trong t\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u3. T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f9a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1975 l\u00e0 3.757 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u0103ng 70% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 19654. To\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1975 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4.100 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u0103ng 77% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1965 (gi\u00e1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh 1970)5! C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1972 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975 nhir sau : 1. 45 n\u0103m kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990, S\u0111d, tr. 70. 2. 30 n\u0103m ph \u00e1 t tri\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u00f9 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, S\u0111d, tr. 58-59. 3. 30 n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f9a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, S\u0111d, tr. 69. 4. 45 n\u0103m kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990, S\u0111d, tr. 76. 5. 45 n\u0103m kinh t\u1ec3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990, S\u0111d, tr. 76. 6. 30 n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u00f9 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, S\u0111d, tr. 72. 377","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1: 100,0 trong \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u00e2n theo nh\u00f3m: Nh\u00f3m A l\u00e0 75,7; Nh\u00f3m B l\u00e0 24,3. Ph\u00e2n theo c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd: c\u1ea5p Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng 78,1; c\u1ea5p \u0110\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng 21,9. Neu ph\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh: - \u0110 i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c: 14,5 - Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u: 11,1 - Luy\u1ec7n kim: 7,4 - C\u01a1 kh\u00ed: 16,0 - H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t: 9,0 - V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng: 13,2 - Khai th\u00e1c, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7: 7,5 - D\u1ec7t, da, may, nhu\u1ed9m: 6,1 - L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: 10,5 N\u0103m 1975, to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f3 1.335 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c doanh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u1ee3p doanh (trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 315 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 1.020 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, trong \u0111\u00f3: H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00f3 87 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng 53 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, Ho\u00e0ng Li\u00ean S\u01a1n 100 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, H\u00e0 Nam Ninh 93 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh 88 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, Lai Ch\u00e2u 15 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, S\u01a1n La 19 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 V\u0129nh Linh 27 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p), s \u1ed1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 kho\u1ea3ng 3.000 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1, l\u00e0m mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c g\u1ed7) l\u00e0 2.378 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 (\u01b0ong \u0111\u00f3 li\u1ef1p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 b\u1eadc cao l\u00e0 1.247, h\u1ef1p l\u00e1c x\u0103 b\u1eadc th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 1.131)'. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u01b0ng sau m\u1ea5y n\u0103m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i so v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: t\u1ef3 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1965 l\u00e0 45%, n\u0103m 1975 n\u00e2ng l\u00ean 55%. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n, b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n hao h\u1ee5t do c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. 1. 30 n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u00e9, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f9a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u00f9 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, S\u0111d, tr. 73. 378","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c... Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i s\u00e0n ph\u1ea5m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1965, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0a b\u1eb1ng n\u0103m 1965 nh\u01b0 qu\u1eb7ng cr\u00f4m, thi\u1ebfc th\u1ecfi, m\u00e1y c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt kim lo\u1ea1i, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n, xi m\u0103ng, g\u1ed7, gi\u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1eadt, v.v... N\u0103m 1975, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2.229 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u0103ng 92% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1965, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c doanh \u0111\u1ea1t 1.097 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng (49%), ti\u1ec3u th\u00f9 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 1.132 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng (51%). C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 540 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng, H\u00e0 Son B\u00ecnh 190 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng. C\u00e1c tinh \u0111\u1ea1t \u00edt l\u00e0 Lai Ch\u00e2u 4,6 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng, S\u01a1n La 12 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng'. T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng c\u00f9a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 54%, trong nh\u00f3m A l\u00e0 37%; trong nh\u00f3m B l\u00e0 66%; trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 2,2%; trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 3,2%; trong ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed l\u00e0 46,5%; trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 32,5%; trong ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 69,5%; trong ng\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7 l\u00e0 77,9%; trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t, da, nhu\u1ed9m l\u00e0 60,2%; trong ng\u00e0nh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 63,4 % 2. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1972-1975 l\u00e0 9,9%, trong \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng 10,4%. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1, h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1969 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o s\u00e1n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 s\u1edb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u1ed1c doanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Ri\u00eang trong 2 n\u0103m (1973-1979) \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t U\u00f4ng B\u00ed, khu gang th\u00e9p Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n V\u0103n \u0110i\u1ec3n, Trung t\u00e2m b\u00f2 gi\u1ed1ng Ba V\u00ec, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u00e8 S\u00f4ng L\u00f4, Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u S\u00f4ng L\u00f4, Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u00e8 Y\u00ean B\u00e1i. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1975, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean 1. 45 n\u0103m kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990, S\u0111d, tr. 77. 2. 45 n\u00e1m kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990, S\u0111d, tr. 78. 379","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 3 n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra'. Ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u01b0ong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong n\u0103m 1975, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 210 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0m ra 1.132 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chi\u1ebfm 28% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 tr\u00ean 50% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n sinh, ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 80% nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00f4i, g\u1ea1ch, ng\u00f3i, c\u00e1, mu\u1ed1i, g\u1ed7, chi\u1ebfu c\u00f3i, t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m. So v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1965, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u00e1ng 28%, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u0103ng 220% , gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea3ng 65 % 2. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec. \u0110i\u1ec3m h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n nay t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trung gian gi\u1eefa s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ed1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb mai m\u1ed9t do s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1ecb c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea1nh tranh, thi\u1ebfu v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebfu lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec \u0111a s\u1ed1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh x\u00e3 vi\u00ean h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00ednh c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00e8n \u00e9p, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho khu v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ec3u th\u00fa c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f3p ch\u1ebft, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, l\u00e0m mai m\u1ed9t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 l\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec1 th\u00f9 c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn bao g\u1ed3m hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c doanh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ti\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p - th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c doanh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc 1. Theo PGS.TS. Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh L\u00ea: L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1975, S\u0111d, tr. 208. 2. 45 n\u0103m kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990, S\u0111d, tr. 78. 380","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c.., t\u00f9 trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 theo khu v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Nh\u00ecn chung bi\u00ean ch\u1ebf l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1u qua c\u00e1c n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trung \u01b0\u01a1ng trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. Trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c doanh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u1ee3p doanh, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, luy\u1ec7n kim (\u0111en v\u00e0 m\u00e0u), c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed7, th\u1ee7y tinh - s\u00e0nh - s\u1ee9, d\u1ec7t - da - may - nhu\u1ed9m, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, in \u1ea5 n ... Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u01a1 kh\u00ed l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t: N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 1960 l\u00e0 100% th\u00ec n\u0103m 1965 l\u00e0 240,5%, n\u0103m 1971 l\u00e0 503,6%, n\u0103m 1975 l\u00e0 553,1% '. Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c doanh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u1ee3p doanh2 N\u0103m T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng 1965 229,9 136,4 81,5 1970 285,2 146,0 139,2 1971 302,1 159,7 142,4 1972 291,0 155,9 135,1 1973 308,7 170,0 138,7 1974 337,7 189,0 148,7 1975 355,8 201,0 154,8 1. 30 n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u00f9 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, S\u0111d, tr. 85. 2. Ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m thong k\u00ea 1981, tr. 166. 381","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 N\u0103m 1975, s\u1ed1 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 41.358 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u0103ng 190% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1965, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 13.160 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 250.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u0103ng 93% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 19651. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 911.400 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 150.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1972. Trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 44%, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c doanh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n 300.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ti\u1ec3u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n 30%, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 600.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c \u01b0anh chung v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u01b0a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong n\u0103m 1975, to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ra 55% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00f4ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, 41,5% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, 28% thu nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 91,5% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, chi vi\u1ec7n cho mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. 2. K inh t\u1ebf n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Theo tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 22 (kh\u00f3a III) ng\u00e0y 22-1-1974 n\u00eau r\u00f5: c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 trong \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n x\u00e3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u00ecn chung n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n 1973-1975 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 qua bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y: 1. 45 n\u0103m kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990, S\u0111d, tr. 76. 382","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c... Tinh h\u00ecnh T\u1eadp th\u1ebf h\u00f3a trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1960 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975 s \u00e9 h\u1ecdp t\u00e1c x\u00e3 S\u1ed1 x\u00e3 vi\u00ean S\u1ed1 h\u1ecdp t\u00e1c s\u00e1n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p so v\u00f3i t\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 b\u1eadc cao N\u0103m Chia ra s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 so v\u00f3i B\u1eadc th\u1ea5p B\u1eadc cao n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t.\u00f4\u1ec9 ng s\u00f41 T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 HTX (%) (%) 1960 40.422 4.316 36.076 85,8 10,8 88,9 25,3 1%1 31.827 8.043 23.784 90,1 60,1 95,5 84,6 1965 31.651 19.035 12.616 95,6 90,1 1970 19.924 16.860 3.064 1975 17.000 15.319 1.681 Neu quan s\u00e1t theo v\u00f9ng cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 sau1: \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc B\u1ed9: 98,2% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 l\u00e0 h\u1ed9 x\u00e3 vi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 99,7% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 x\u00e3 vi\u00ean l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 b\u1eadc cao. Trung du: 98,1% va 100%. Khu IV c\u0169: 98,4% v\u00e0 97,5%. Mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai: 81,7% v\u00e0 86,8%. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 x\u00e3 vi\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eadc cao. B\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u0103ng B\u0103c B\u1ed9 c\u00f3 418 h\u1ed9, 710 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u1edf Trung du l\u00e0 240 h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 372 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, Khu IV c\u0169 l\u00e0 269 h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 418 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai l\u00e0 57 h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 129 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, d\u00f9 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 theo l\u1ed1i c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c \u1edf g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y hay g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c, s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ed5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea1i I. T\u00f4ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, 30 n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf - v\u00e0n h\u00f3a c\u00f9a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u00f9 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1978, tr. 98. 383","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 gi\u00e0m \u0111i so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u0103m 1965 to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f3 31.651 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975 chi c\u00f2n 17.000 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, c\u00f3 97,4% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 x\u00e3 vi\u00ean v\u00e0o h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eadc ca o 1. \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc cho khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn. T\u00ednh chung t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1971 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 1.232 \u01b0i\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng; Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n vay d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n 1.690,1 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng. Trong s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i chi\u1ebfm 644,5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng, trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 1.232 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng, ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c doanh chi\u1ebfm 300,1 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng2. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t - k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u1edd Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. \u0110en n\u0103m 1975, kho\u1ea3ng 96% s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1ee1 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u01a1 kh\u00ed. So v\u1edbi n\u00e3m 1969, m \u00e1y \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng 7,3 l\u1ea7n, m \u00e1y c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n 17 l\u00e0n, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch chu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea1i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng 1,3 l\u1ea7n, nh\u00e0 kho t\u0103ng 1,7 l\u1ea7n. T h\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng. So v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1955-1957, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1972-1975 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 6 l\u1ea7n. N h\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hom. N\u0103m 1975, 70% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u00faa \u0110\u00f4ng xu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng m \u1edbi3. Ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e0n gia s\u00fac. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u00fa th\u00ec \u1eefong ba n\u0103m 1973-1975, to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 5.361 ngh\u00ecn con tr\u00e2u (trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e2u c\u00e0y k\u00e9o tr\u00ean 3.843 ngh\u00ecn con); kho\u1ea3ng 1.936 ngh\u00ecn con b\u00f2 (trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u00f2 c\u00e0y k\u00e9o 961 ngh\u00ecn con). T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3n nu\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong ba n\u0103m (th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb 1. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, Ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea n\u0103m 1976, Nxb. Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1977, tr. 189. 2. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, Ni\u00eam gi\u00e1m th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea 1981, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1982, tr. 118. 3. Vi\u1ec7n Kinh t\u1ebf, 45 n\u0103m kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990, Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1991, tr. 102. 384","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c... 2 th\u00e1ng tr\u1edd l\u00ean) g\u1ea7n 20 ng\u00e0n con, trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ee3n n\u00e1i kho\u1ea3ng 5 ngh\u00ecn con. Gia c\u1ea7m c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edb n1. \u0110i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. Ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc giao cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1965 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975 2 Chia ra T \u1ef7 l\u1ec7 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng T\u1ed5ng Huy \u0111\u1ed9ng N\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 quy c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh qu\u1ed1c doanh s\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng N\u0103m th\u00f3c giao n\u1ed9p (% ) (t\u1ea5n) T\u1ed5ng Trong rTp \u00f4\u1ea2ng Trong T\u00ednh Ri\u00eang s\u1ed1 quy d\u00f3 s\u1ed1 quy d\u00f3 to\u00e0n th\u00f3c th\u00f3c th\u00f3c b\u1ed9 th\u00f3c th\u00f3c 1965 1.124,9 1.105,5 1.018,1 19,4 9,8 20,2 23,3 1970 700,6 741,5 726,9 9,1 4,3 14,2 16,4 1971 700,6 693,8 674,7 6,8 4,0 14,2 16,5 1972 1.149,9 1.143,6 1.110,5 6,3 3,5 18,1 20,6 1973 740.2 733,1 715.0 7,1 4,1 14,2 16,1 1974 1.016,8 1.008,8 979,2 8,0 4,5 16,1 17,9 1975 799,4 787,1 766,1 12,3 7,9 14,1 15,9 Ngu\u1ed3n: Theo Ni\u00eam gi\u00e1m th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea n\u0103m 1981, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1982, tr. 128. 1. Ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea 1981, tr. 99. 2. Ni\u00eam gi\u00e1m th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea 1981, tr. 128. 385","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc huy \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng theo c\u00e1c chi ti\u00eau k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 giao t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc (xem b\u1ea3ng trang 383). Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng l\u00fac gi\u00e1p h\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i theo gi\u00e1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap cho \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, gi\u00e1p h\u1ea1t, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Hai tri\u1ec7u thanh ni\u00ean tr\u1ebb kh\u1ecfe - ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n - \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed5 sung cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, thanh ni\u00ean xung phong. Ngo\u00e0i ra, 35 tri\u1ec7u ng\u00e0y c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 d\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 170 ngh\u00ecn lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn tranh, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 220 ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi (chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n 70% nam thanh ni\u00ean tu\u1ed5i 18-25) ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nam n\u1eef tham gia d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eabn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tinh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1ch quan r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 quan l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m, khuy\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn \u01b0ong ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0: chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 b\u1eadc th\u1ea5p l\u00ean b\u1eadc cao, \u0111\u01b0a 15% quy m\u00f4 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 t\u1eeb th\u00f4n l\u00ean x\u00e3 \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng (1974); c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng v\u1ed1n \u0111i vay v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, quan li\u00eau, m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edd c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3. Quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean b\u1ecb vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00e0 v\u1ed1n, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u0103ng n\u0103m sau hom n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng ch\u00f9 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ed1n vay Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. V \u00ed d\u1ee5: n\u0103m 1970, v\u1ed1n vay chi\u1ebfm 37% v\u1ed1n 386","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c... c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 80% v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x \u00e31. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u00fat k\u00e9m, thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean t\u1eeb kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p, t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00e1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n. Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u1ed1n, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00f2ng l\u00e9o, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tham \u00f4, l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Kh\u00f4ng \u00edt h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat b\u1edbt v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n \u0103n chia, s \u1ed1 v\u1ed1n, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn. T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Ri\u00eang n\u0103m 1972, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 35%, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n 6%, qu\u1ef9 t\u00edch l\u0169y, kh\u1ea5u hao t\u00ednh kh\u1ed1ng 40% . s \u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng nhi\u1ec1u, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5p. \u1ede 967 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 c\u00f3 hon 2.000 m \u00e1y ph\u00e1t l\u1ef1c th\u00ec h\u1ecfng g\u1ea7n 400 chi\u1ebfc, s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c g\u1ea7n 4.000 chi\u1ebfc th\u00ec b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng h\u01a1n 1.000 ch i\u1ebfc ,... H\u1eb1ng n\u0103m, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f9a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y h\u1ecfng g\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y t\u0103ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1971, n\u0103m 1972 s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 3.600 chi\u1ebfc, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 2.300 chi\u1ebfc; s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u0103ng 4.600 chi\u1ebfc, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ecfng l\u00e0 4.100 chi\u1ebfc. T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f9a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n k\u00e9m theo ki\u1ec3u \\\"cha chung kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00f3c\\\". Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u1edd nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, s\u1ed1 t\u00edch l\u0169y h\u00e0ng n\u0103m may l\u1eafm m\u1edbi b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t do vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Qua b\u1ea3ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 (xem b\u1ea3ng trang 386). Tinh tr\u1ea1ng trang b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, do v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y. S\u1edf d\u0129 c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp m\u00e1y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u00f9a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean k\u00e9m ... Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed kh\u00f3a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 1. Nguy\u1ec5n Sinh C\u00fac (Ch\u00f9 bi\u00ean), D \u1ef1 th\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u00f9a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, quan h\u1ec7 s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u00e0 kinh t\u00e9 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean qua 30 n\u0103m (1958-1988J, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, 5-1989. 387","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 gi\u00e0n \u0111\u01a1n, n\u00f3ng v\u1ed9i, thi\u1ebfu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 cho s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Tinh h\u00ecnh th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdp t\u00e1c x\u00e3' \u0110\u01a1n 1960- 1971 1972 1973 v\u1ecb t\u00ednh 1970 S\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra HTX 967 1.251 1.491 2.516 S\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t Ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3ng 34.437 6.717 19.617 29.738 S\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng 35.922 6.369 13.157 11.817 m\u1ed9t HTX m\u1ea5t T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1ed1n m\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi % 19,56 2,12 6,08 5,0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n \u1ede h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng k\u00e9m, thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1966-1972, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 13,6%, ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed (15,1%). \u0110\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1973-1975, thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng 24,4%, trong khi chi ph\u00ed t\u00e3ng 75%. So v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1964-1965, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1973-1975 thu nh\u1eadp t\u00e0ng g\u00e0n 4 l\u00e0n, trong klii chi ph\u00ed l\u0103ng h\u01a1n 6 l\u1ea7n2. Trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i t\u1eadp the, chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt t\u01b0 so v\u1edbi thu nh\u1eadp v\u01b0\u1ee3t g\u1ea7n 10%. \u1ede v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0ng s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 8,2% (ri\u00eang Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh t\u1edbi 16%), \u1edd v\u00f9ng Khu IV c\u0169 l\u00e0 34%. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1ee3t 6,7%. N\u1ebfu t\u00ednh 1. Nguy\u1ec5n Sinh C\u00fac (cb), D \u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u00f9a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t, quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f9a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eddi song c\u00f9a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean qua 3 0 n\u0103m (1958-1988), T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, 5-1989, tr. 30. 2. Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, tr. 32. 388","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c... th\u00eam c\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u00ean c\u00f2n cao hon nhi\u1ec1u'. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb l\u1ed7. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 qua bi\u1ec3u sau \u0111\u00e2y2: Chi ph\u00ed trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chi ph\u00ed \u0110on 1964- 1966- 1973- 1975 so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng thu v\u1ecb 1965 1972 1975 Chi tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt so v\u1edbi % 30 43 46 48 thu tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt 39 45 47 44 241 294 306 Chi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i so v\u1edbi % 3,1 2,3 2,2 2 thu ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i Chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\/ha qu\u00e2n 1 ha gieo tr\u1ed3ng Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ed3ng 1\u0111 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 S\u1ef1 tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 do nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt t\u01b0, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu. N\u0103m 1973, ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea \u1edf 21.516 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 th\u00ec th\u1ea5y v\u1ed1n ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 42,6 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng (b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 g\u1ea7n 17 ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3ng), chi\u1ebfm 7,1% so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh hao h\u1ee5t 22,2 tri\u1ec7u, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hao h\u1ee5t 20,4 tri\u1ec7u. N\u0103m 1975, ki\u1ec3m \u01b0a 1.054 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 th\u00ec th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t kho 1. D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k \u00ea ..., S\u0111d, \u1eef. 32. 2. Nguy\u1ec5n Sinh C\u00fac (cb), D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch thong k\u00ea v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u00f9a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t, quan h\u1ec7 s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e1n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f9a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean qua 30 n\u0103m (1958-1988), T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea\u2019 5-1989, tr. 32. 389","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00ec \u00edt. V \u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u00f3c gi\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t ra g\u1ea7n 40 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n (b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 35 t\u1ea5n) ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u01a1n 30 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n (b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 hom 28 t\u1ea5n); th\u00f3c xu\u1ea5t cho ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n 24 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n, d\u00f9ng cho l\u1ee3n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 16 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n (b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng 66% s\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t)1. So v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1964-1965, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1966-1975 t\u1ed5ng thu c\u00f9a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 2,5 l\u1ea7n th\u00ec chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u0103ng t\u1edbi 3,6 l\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong 3 n\u0103m 1973-1975, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u1ed5ng thu t\u0103ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 24% trong khi chi ph\u00ed t\u0103ng 75% 2. Trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u00edch v\u1ed1n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea3 cho c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean (th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 r\u00fat v\u1ed1n \u0103n chia). Trong n\u0103m 1970, c\u00f3 967 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n 4.739 ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u0103m 1971, c\u00f3 1.491 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n 705 ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u0103m 1973, c\u00f3 2.516 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n 29.732 ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eeb qu\u1ef9 ra \u0103n chia, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n vay c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0103n chia. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0i h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa ba l\u1ee3i \u00edch. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ef9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n trong khi thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m. Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng mang n\u1eb7ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, do chi\u1ebfn tranh, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn, n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n. Vi\u1ec7c thu mua n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n theo gi\u00e1 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cho ta h\u00ecnh dung gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u01afong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eadp th\u1ec33: Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia (\u0111\/cong) n\u0103m 1965 l\u00e0 0,65 \u0111, n\u0103m 1970 l\u00e0 0,5 l\u0111, n\u0103m 1972 l\u00e0 0,51 \u0111, 1. D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea... S\u0111d, tr. 32. 2. D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea... S\u0111d, tr. 32. 3. D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea...S\u0111d, tr. 34. 390","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c.., n\u0103m 1975 l\u00e0 0,501 \u0111. L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng n\u0103m 1965 l\u00e0 17 kg\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u0103m 1970 l\u00e0 16,6 kg\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u0103m 1972 l\u00e0 15,9 kg\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u0103m 1975 l\u00e0 14 kg\/ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kh\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng: n\u0103m 1965, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00e9cta canh t\u00e1c b\u00e1n cho Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc 758kg, n\u0103m 1972: 879kg. v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: 40-45 kg l\u1ee3n h\u01a1i\/h\u1ed9, trong khi m\u1ed7i h\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 nu\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1-2 con l\u1ee3n. \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n th\u00eam c\u1ea3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u00e1n g\u00e0, v\u1ecbt, tr\u1ee9ng,... Tinh h\u00ecnh tham \u00f4 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed di\u1ec5n ra h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng1. Tinh tr\u1ea1ng tham \u00f4 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed trong c\u00e1c h\u1ecdp t\u00e1c x\u00e3 967 HTX 425 HTX 378 HTX \u0110\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ecb n\u0103m 1970 n\u0103m 1972 n\u0103m 1973 t\u00ednh Tham L\u00e3ng Tham L\u00e3ng Tham L\u00e3ng \u00f4 ph\u00ed \u00f4 ph\u00ed \u00f4 ph\u00ed S\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 V\u1ee5 836 1.240 187 505 432 725 S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi 18.671 2.189 429 106 1.045 S\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n Ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3ng 12.237 13.139 79,5 274 68,7 53 Trong \u0111\u00f3: + v\u1ec1 th\u00f3c T\u1ea5n 1.964 1.484 40 17,5 45 1.483,6 + v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng Ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3ng 2.316 377 25,5 7,7 16 310 Ngu\u1ed3n: Nguy\u1ec5n Sinh c\u00fac (cb), D \u1ef1 th\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u00f9a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t, quan h\u1ec7 s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f9a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u00e9 t\u1eadp th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eddi song c\u00f9a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean qua 30 n\u0103m (1958-1988), T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, 5-1989, tr. 23. 1. Nguy\u1ec5n Sinh C\u00fac, N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1995, Nxb. Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, H., 1995, tr. 23. 391","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 Tinh h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ho\u00e0i nghi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9. Phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i. Con s\u1ed1 x\u00e3 vi\u00ean xin ra h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 tan v\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e3n chia \u1edf t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1973, to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f3 1.098 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 b\u1ecb tan v\u1ee1 h\u1eb3n (Cao B\u1eb1ng 380, B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i 137, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n 196 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, v.v...). C\u00f2n 27.036 h\u1ed9 x\u00e3 vi\u00ean xin ra h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 (ri\u00eang huy\u1ec7n Th\u1ee7y Nguy\u00ean - H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 1.247 h\u1ed9). \u1ede H\u00e0 B\u1eafc, huy\u1ec7n Hi\u1ec7p H\u00f2a t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n x\u00e3 vi\u00ean t\u1eeb 92% gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 79%, huy\u1ec7n Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf t\u1eeb 91% xu\u1ed1ng 88%. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec7n V\u00f5 Nhai (B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i) th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ba h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x \u00e3 1. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0103n chia theo \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i: H\u00e0 S\u01a1n B\u00ecnh c\u00f3 117 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 (chi\u1ebfm 13,7%), H\u00e0 B\u1eafc 74 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, c\u00f2n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai th\u00ec h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, \u0103n chia theo \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn2. Tinh tr\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 vi\u00ean chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Qua \u0111i\u1ec1u \u01b0a 967 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 th\u00ec n\u0103m 1964 c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 57% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9, n\u0103m 1970 l\u00ean 83% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t sai quy \u0111\u1ecbnh (b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed7i h\u1ed9 s\u1eeb d\u1ee5ng sai h\u01a1n 600m 2). N\u0103m 1970, \u1edf 354\/967 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 1.500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay n\u1eb7ng l\u00e3i (340 ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed3ng, 256 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c)3. S\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3i trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1n l\u1ea1i cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn: n\u0103m 1965: 54.600 t\u1ea5n; 1969: 112.700 t\u1ea5n; 1971: 74.300 t\u1ea5n; 1972: 145.600 t\u1ea5n. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c qu\u00e1 cao, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i, g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c k\u1ebd h\u1edf cho c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 vi\u00ean \u00edt 1. N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1995, S\u0111d, tr. 24. 2. N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1995, S\u0111d, tr. 24. 3. D \u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch thong k\u00ea... S\u0111d, tr. 35. 392","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c.., g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi kinh t\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, phi kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5m x\u00e3 vi\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u00ecnh (c\u1ea5m nu\u00f4i tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nu\u00f4i l\u1ee3n, g\u00e0, v\u1ecbt, ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch 2-3% \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i 5% nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f4ng h\u1eefu h\u00f3a c\u1ea3 ao, v\u01b0\u1eddn, n\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u1eaby,...), ng\u0103n s\u00f4ng c\u1ea5m ch\u1ee3, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf giao l\u01b0u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng. Sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t m\u1ecdi m\u1ea7m mong c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m, g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1976-1980'. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u01b0: \u0110\u00f3n \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng, H\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo Di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c H\u1ed3, ph\u00e1t huy quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean, v.v... c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tham \u00f4 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, x\u00e3 vi\u00ean ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00ea tr\u1ec5, thu nh\u1eadp gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat. X\u00e3 vi\u00ean \u00edt quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 lo l\u00e0m kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t 5%, v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t 5% th\u00ec cao g\u1ea5p 3 - 4 l\u1ea7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e0n l\u00fd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0 kh\u00e2u y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 3 kho\u00e1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Song sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 V\u0129nh Ph\u00fa (ph\u1ea5n V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfn, c\u1ee5 th\u1ebf h\u00f3a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m, t\u1eebng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m kho\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, khoai t\u00e2y, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t,...), m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, kho\u00e1n h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y trong v\u00e0 v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kho\u00e1n h\u1ed9 \u1edd V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1966-1972 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edd c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 H\u00f2a Loan, V\u0103n Qu\u00e1n, 1. D \u1ef1 th\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k \u00ea ... S\u0111d, tr. 35. 393","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 Ti\u00ean Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kho\u00e1n h\u1ed9. Ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i to l\u1edbn \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00fd ch\u00ed, ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n - \u00fd ch\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00ean m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng gian kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p chung v\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ngo\u00e0i ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn - h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8-1974, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 trung du \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i tinh Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh. H\u01a1n 500 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a 138 huy\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 tham d\u1ef1. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb (k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong 8 ng\u00e0y) l\u00e0: T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 nghe b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng nh\u01b0: c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1ea3i, Tr\u1ea7n Ph\u00fa, T\u1ed1ng V\u0169, Qu\u1ea3ng N\u1ea1p (Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh), Minh Sinh, Tri Chi (H\u00e0 T\u00e2y), Nam \u0110\u1ed3ng (Nam H\u00e0), Xu\u00e2n Th\u00e0nh, Th\u1ecd Xu\u00e2n (Thanh H\u00f3a), Qu\u1ef3nh Ch\u00e2u (Ngh\u1ec7 An). T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n c\u1ea5p (t\u1eeb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c... Ng\u00e0y 16-9-1974, Ban B\u00ed th\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng ra Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb m \u1edd cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \\\"T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edd theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a\\\". N\u1ed9i dung c\u00f9a cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edd v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t - k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n huy\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, 394","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c... th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trong t\u1eebng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ea5p huy\u1ec7n trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7p t\u00e1c r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n huy\u1ec7n, t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng cao h\u01a1n trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ti\u1ebfp ngay sau Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb n\u00e0y, Ban B\u00ed th\u01b0 l\u1ea1i ra ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t chi th\u1ecb m\u1edbi: \\\"T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p\\\" t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ea7u H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 (t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p huy\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u00ean), m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. Sau H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 quy m\u00f4 li\u00ean th\u00f4n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n x\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. Trong n\u0103m 1974, \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 trung du \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 15% s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 to\u00e0n x\u00e3. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 li\u00ean x\u00e3 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n huy\u1ec7n (nh\u01b0 Qu\u1ef3nh L\u01b0u, tinh Ngh\u1ec7 An). Ket qu\u1ea3 sau 3 n\u0103m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kinh t\u1ebf, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c quy th\u00f3c \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 1,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n. N\u0103m 1968 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c quy th\u00f3c c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 4.628.800 t\u1ea5n, n\u0103m 1974 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 6.276.300 t\u1ea5 n 1. Tuy \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p. Trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kinh t\u1ebf, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng k h o \u1ea3n g v\u00e0i tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u \u0111 \u00f4 n g T hu n h \u1eadp c\u1ee7 a ngir\u00f2ri x\u00e3 vi\u00ean th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1eabn th\u1ea5p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c quy theo \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat2. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 61-CP c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u00f9 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a (ng\u00e0y 5-4-1976), v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf 1. T\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, Ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea 1975... S\u0111d, tr. 21. 2. Theo PGS.TS. Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh L\u00ea: L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1954-1975... S\u0111d, tr. 208, 209. 395","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh th\u00e1ng 8-1974. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh th\u00e1ng 8-1974, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m trong vi\u1ec7c ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh h\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n (kh\u00f4ng chi c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u sau khi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc). Tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m m\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t ch\u01b0a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, do ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u1edf m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t \u01b0i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, nhung kh\u00e1ch quan m\u00e0 x\u00e9t th\u00ec n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a (th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a cao \u0111\u1ed9) trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1973-1975 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c to l\u1edbn trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Theo c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m \u1edbi1, m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 1,2% v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 29% trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1975, nhung kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c - th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p, ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i t\u1eebng tr\u1ea3i qua chi\u1ebfn tranh \u00e1c li\u1ec7t. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a, c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 2 tri\u1ec7u thanh ni\u00ean tr\u1ebb, kh\u1ecfe - l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 - cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \\\"Th\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e2n, qu\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi\\\" th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 b\u1edd b\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb 1. GS.TSKH. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Th\u1ecd (ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean), Kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1955-2000. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u1edbi, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1edbi, Nxb. Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 12-2000, tr. 116-117. 396","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c.., Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai (kh\u00f3a IV), \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng: \\\"Nen n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3m cho mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1eeba s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eeba chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, v\u1eeba cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v \u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ed1ng M \u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc\\\". Qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chung v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. 3. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Cff s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngay trong n\u0103m 1973, nh\u01b0: Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec (xong \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 5-1973), \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft c \u1ea7 u Gi\u00e1t - Ngh\u0129a \u0110\u00e0n, Ngh\u1ec7 An d\u00e0i 38 km, c\u1ea7u Lai Vu, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea7u treo H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n L\u00e0o Cai (gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 5-1973). Ng\u00e0y 19-5-1973, sau 9 n\u0103m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, chuy\u1ebfn xe l\u1eeda ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y qua c\u1ea7u H\u00e0m R\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00e1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i xong \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 6-1973 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc cho kho\u1ea3ng 50 ngh\u00ecn h\u00e9cta \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u0103m huy\u1ec7n ph\u00eda Nam Thanh H\u00f3a. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y di\u1ec7n Ham R\u1ed3ng c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5c h\u00f2i, k\u1ecbp Ih\u1eddi cung c\u00e1p di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m b\u01a1m s\u00f4ng M\u00e3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ea1m b\u01a1m c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Thanh H\u00f3a. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 6-1973, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n U\u00f4ng B\u00ed - nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho v\u00f9ng m\u1ecf M\u1ea1o Kh\u00ea, V\u00e0ng Danh - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa xong. \u0110en gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 9-1973, l\u00f2 cao s\u1ed1 1 c\u1ee7a Khu gang th\u00e9p Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, l\u00f2 cao t\u1eebng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 13 l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c xong h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 9-1973, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n V\u0103n \u0110i\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Trung t\u00e2m b\u00f2 \u0111\u1ef1c gi\u1ed1ng Ba V\u00ec do Cuba gi\u00fap, trung t\u00e2m g\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng Ba V\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh. Gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 10-1973, 397","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n N\u00e0 Han b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11-1973, c\u1ea7u Tr\u00e0ng Th\u01b0a (H\u1ea3i H\u01b0ng) x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xong, x\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a n\u00f3ng r\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edd n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 25 t\u1ea5n\/gi\u1edd kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh. G i\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 11-1973, l\u00f2 cao s\u1ed1 2 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11-1973, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c xong c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft B\u1eafc Th\u1ee7y tr\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u0110\u1ed3ng M\u1ecf - B\u1ea3n Thi d\u00e0i 300m. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 12-1973, kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u00e8 S\u00f4ng L\u00f4 do Li\u00ean X\u00f4 gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u V\u01b0\u1eddng (Thanh H\u00f3a) tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i - Vinh. Gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang n\u0103m 1974, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u Non N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ga Ninh B\u00ecnh. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3-1974 kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u S\u00f4ng L\u00f4 do C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean gi\u00fap. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 4 kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u c\u00e1p Ki\u1ebfn An (H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng) d\u00e0i 110m, r\u1ed9ng 4m, n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 5 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 10. Ng\u00e0y 1-5-1974, kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Vinh b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 (C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 quy ho\u1ea1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng). Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 5-1974, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c xong nh\u01b0: t\u1ed5 m\u00e1y s\u1ed1 1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n Ninh B\u00ecnh, c\u1ea7u treo H\u00f3a Th\u1ea1nh 110m (H\u00e0 T\u00e2y), c\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n - Th\u00e1i N guy\u00ean d\u00e0i 21 Om. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n c \u1ed1 n g L\u00e2m, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn ng\u0103n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau \u00fang cho h\u01a1n 30 ngh\u00ecn h\u1ed1cta \u1edf ba huy\u1ec7n T i\u1ec1u H \u1ea3i, K i\u00e9n X \u01b0\u01b0ng, V \u0169 Th\u01b0 (Th\u00e1i Blnli) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u1ecb m\u00e1y bay M \u1ef9 b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t t\u1edbi 312 l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c. C\u0169ng trong th\u00e1ng 5-1973, t\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u1ecb x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1edbi, n\u01a1i t\u1eebng b\u1ecb bom \u0111\u1ea1n M\u1ef9 c\u00e0y x\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00e1t. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 8-1974, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xong hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i 700m v\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00f4ng c \u1ea5 m \u0111\u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt t\u1eeb U\u00f4ng B\u00ed v\u1ec1 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. C\u1ea7u \u0110\u00f2 Dao d\u00e0i 101 m tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft Thanh H\u00f3a - Vinh ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 9-1974, kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u00e8 Y\u00ean B\u00e1i do Li\u00ean X\u00f4 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. 398"]
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