LỊCH SỬ VIỆT NAM _ NGUYỄN VĂN NHẬT Chủ biên_ NXB KHOA HỌC XÃ HỘI _ Tập 13

["C h\u01b0\u01a1t\u0129g VI. Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng... \u0110\u00f4ng Nam ch\u00e2u \u00c1; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ea5y mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3n c\u00f9a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam ch\u00e2u \u00c1, h\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e8 b\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i ch\u00fa ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, bao v\u00e2y v\u00e0 uy hi\u1ebfp c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c. \u0110e th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tung v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh h\u01a1n 60 v\u1ea1n t\u00ean, g\u1ed3m qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a 5 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng minh (H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c: 50.000 qu\u00e2n, Th\u00e1i Lan: 13.000 qu\u00e2n, \u00d4txtr\u00e2ylia: 7.000 qu\u00e2n, Philippin: 2.000 qu\u00e2n, Niu Dil\u00e2n: 600) l\u00e0m n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t cho h\u01a1n 1 tri\u1ec7u qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00fac cao nh\u1ea5t t\u1edbi 70% l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n, 60% l\u00ednh th\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ed9, 40% h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n, 60% kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i tham chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec M \u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n 80 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi 6.600.600 l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 tham gia, n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng 7,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n bom, g\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 3 l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 bom M\u1ef9 d\u00f9ng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh The gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai (2,1 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n) v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 10 l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 bom M\u1ef9 n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean (698.000 t\u1ea5n); ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n 676 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4la (trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, M \u1ef9 ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n 54 t\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f4 la, trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai, M \u1ef9 ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n 341 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4la)1. Ngo\u00e0i ra \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n huy \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi 22.000 x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n 6 tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, h\u01a1n 1\/3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 260 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh2. Ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00e2m m\u01b0u th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c, t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, ch\u00fang ta c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng 1. Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1954-1975, Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000, tr. 496. 2. Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1954-1975, Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, S\u0111d, tr. 489. 549","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 IV \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"N\u0103m th\u00e1ng s\u1ebd tr\u00f4i qua nhimg thang l\u1ee3i c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn chong M \u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e3i m\u00e3i ghi v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eef n g trang ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e1ng ng\u1eddi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n thang c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v \u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f9a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, m \u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 tam quan tr\u1ecdng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u00e2u sa c\\\"1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta, th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5u tranh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u01b0ong 117 n\u0103m ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c (1858-1975); l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i do \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec3n h\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Tr\u1ea3i qua 21 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng anh d\u0169ng, qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eadp tan cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a t\u00ean tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00faa 5 \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp nhau: Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a Aixenhao (1954-1960); Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t\\\" th\u1eddi Kenn\u01a1\u0111i (1961-1965); Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9\\\" th\u1eddi Gi\u00f4nx\u01a1n (1965-1968); v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" \u01afi\u1eebi N\u00edchxom v\u00e0 G. Pho (1969-1975). Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i oanh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta, k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1ebb vang qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh 30 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. V\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i n\u00e0y, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau 117 n\u0103m , tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ean x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng thi\u1ebft tha c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e0ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 37, S\u0111\u0111, tr. 471. 550","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI. Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng... nay l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u00f9a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u00f9a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi - k\u1ef3 nguy\u00ean th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \\\"V\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng hi\u00ean h\u00e1ch \u00e2y, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ti\u00ean phong \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111ay ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u00e0, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ecdi th\u0103ng l\u1ee3i c\u00f9a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng M\u00e1c - L\u1ec1nin l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 chinh tr\u1ecb, v\u0169ng m \u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, m \u1ed9 t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \\\" \\\\ \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \\\"Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eaft trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 200 n\u0103m c\u00f9a Hoa K\u1ef3\\\"2. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 4-7-1776, ng\u00e0y c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 6-3-1965, ng\u00e0y m\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n \u1ed3 \u1ea1t v\u00e0o x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1edbn; v\u00e0 khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, vai tr\u00f2 sen \u0111\u1ea7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 n\u00f3i chung ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb s\u1ee9t m\u1ebb. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ed1c M \u1ef9 lao v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1ef9. B\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p Le Figaro s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 19-4-1975 \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5: \\\"K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef3 nay, l\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i Hoa K\u1ef3 m\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i theo tr\u00e0o lun c\u00f9a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\\\". V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e1ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 37, S\u0111d, \u01b0. 472. 2. B\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p Le Figaro 3-5-1975. 551","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M \u1ef9 S\u01a1lenxinhg\u01a1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i k\u00eau l\u00ean: \\\"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee5t l\u00f9i h\u00e9t s\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111oi v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch M \u1ef9\\\"'. S\u1ef1 th\u1ea3m b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M \u1ef9 trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chi \u1edd ch\u1ed7 ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft l\u1eddi t\u00e1n d\u1ee5ng; l\u00e0m ti\u00eau t\u00e1n \u0111i g\u1ea7n 700 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la; l\u00e0m s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n M \u1ef9 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00ean t\u1edbi 360.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi..., m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf ch\u1ed7 chia r\u1ebd s\u00e2u s\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, l\u00e0m cho n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee5c, l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n M \u1ef9 v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch bi th\u00e0m v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed sen \u0111\u1ea7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i lung lay. Ch\u00ednh Kitxinhgi\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i th\u00fa nh\u1eadn: \\\"Cu\u1ed9c r\u00fat lui l\u1ecbch s\u1eed (th\u1ef1c chat l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y) kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 M \u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t so c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u00f9a M \u1ef9 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\\\"2, v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00fac nh\u1ed1i m\u00e0 M\u1ef9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\" \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eb1n v\u1eb7t giai c\u1ea5p th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n M\u1ef9 trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a l\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta l\u00e0 \\\"m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng oanh li\u1ec7t v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u00f9a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi\\\", \\\"m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, sau thang l\u1ee3i c\u00f9a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi, sau chi\u1ebfn thang ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t x\u00edt\\\" . Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, t\u1eeb 1954-1975, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i di\u1ec5n ra cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung c\u00e1c m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i th\u1eed th\u00e1ch s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng chi nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1eb1m bi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn 1. Theo USIS ng\u00e0y 7-4-1975 v\u00e0 AP ng\u00e0y 2-4-1975. 2. Theo USIS ng\u00e0y 19-5-1975. 3. L\u1eddi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Phi\u0111en Catxt\u01a1r\u00f4, Th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi ca ng\u1ee3i thang l\u1ee3i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1977, tr. 83. 552","C h\u01b0 \u01a1ng VI. Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng... l\u01b0\u1ee3c, chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, d\u00f9ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, d\u1eadp t\u1eaft phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, bao v\u00e2y v\u00e0 uy hi\u1ebfp c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e1nh M \u1ef9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u00f9a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, k\u1ebb th\u00f9 chung c\u00f9a c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. V\u00e0, th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9a nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 chi r\u00f5: \\\"\u0110 oi v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, thang l\u1ee3i c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eadp tan cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn nhat c\u00f9a t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00f2 ch\u0129a v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m \u1ea1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau C hi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edb i th \u1ee9 hai, \u0111ay l\u00f9i tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f9a ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a \u0111 \u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, m \u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x \u00e3 h\u1ed9i, p h \u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00f2ng tuy\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f9a \u0111 \u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M v \u1edf \u0110 \u00f4ng N am ch\u00e2u \u00c1, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1n c\u00e1ch m \u1ea1ng c\u00f9a ch\u00fang, \u0111\u1ea9y M \u1ef9 v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y, l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 thong \u0111 \u1ebf q u \u1ed1 c ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a, t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ee9c m \u1ea1nh v\u00e0 th \u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u00f9a c\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u c\u00e1ch m \u1ea1ng c\u00f9a th\u1edd i \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m phan kh\u1edfi cho h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111 \u1ea5 t \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u00fa n g h \u0129a x \u00e3 h \u1ed9 i\\\" 1. 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110 \u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 37, S\u0111d, tr. 471. 553","K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN Sau th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1954, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hai chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau: C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc; c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1954-1975 l\u00e0: M \u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea3ng duy nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1m chia l\u00e0m hai mi\u1ec1n, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chung l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. \u0110e ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edd mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, \u0110\u1ea3ng t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i 554","K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eb3c, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf hai mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f9 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf hai mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 7, kh\u00f3a II (th\u00e1ng 3-1955), qua H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0n th\u1ee9 10, kh\u00f3a II (th\u00e1ng 1-1959), v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 III (9-1960), \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf hai mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf hai mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f9. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn, l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn l\u1edbn, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c d\u00e2n ch\u00f9 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \\\"V\u00ec gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam ph\u00e1i b\u00e0o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00ea b\u00e0o v\u1ec7, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng mi\u1ebfn B\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh th\u0103ng gi\u1eb7c M \u1ef9 \u1edf mi\u00ean Nam\\\", \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u00ea gi\u1eefa hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf hai mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung m\u1ecdi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a c\u00e0i v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chung l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c d\u00e2n ch\u00f9 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u0169ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 nu\u1edbe. Quail h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn. T\u1eeb 1954 \u0111\u1ebfn 1965, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1eeba ra s\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi 555","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 vi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam. T\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1965, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \\\"chi\u1ebfn \u01b0anh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9\\\" \u1edd mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u1edd mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. C\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e1nh M\u1ef9. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thi\u00eang li\u00eang nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Nam. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, v\u1eeba x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, n\u00eau cao \u00fd ch\u00ed t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em h\u1ebft tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: \\\"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn\\\", \\\"T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c M \u1ef9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c\\\". M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc trong th\u00f2i k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chi nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u00f2n nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e1nh th\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chung, chi phoi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn. Trong qu\u00e1 t\u00ecn h x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edd mi\u1ec1n B\u1eb3c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sai l\u1ea7m, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 to l\u1edbn, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng; kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam. ''Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 thang l\u1ee3i c\u00f9a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a, su\u1ed1t m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u n\u0103m qua, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c... mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed1c v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u00f9a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00f9a ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\\\" . 1. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, t\u1eadp 37, S\u0111d, tr. 490. 556","K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn S\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf hai mi\u1ec1n Nam - B\u1eafc ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn l\u1edbn, gi\u1eefa h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 nghTa v\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed3 mi\u1ec1n Nam. H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ra s\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1ea5c th\u00e0nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn c\u00f9a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1edbm c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 mi\u1ec1n Nam. H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi (ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n). Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee9c c\u00f9a c\u00f9a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n kh\u01a1i d\u1eady v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eeba \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1eeba hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft khoa h\u1ecdc, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 cao v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng v\u00f9ng l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t huy t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh cao. Tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 mi\u1ec1n Nam. H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 557","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean t\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai mi\u1ec1n Nam - B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m lo x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u00f9ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thong nh\u1ea5t. V\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, phong ph\u00fa, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u1ea7n v\u00e0o M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam. Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 m\u1edd r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. v \u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u00eau cao tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u1eeba tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u00f9a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin, v\u1eeba d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n chinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam m\u00e0 Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 15 (n\u0103m 1959) c\u00f9a Bail Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung nh\u1ea5t. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 15 c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn lao trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1954-1960, m\u00e0 \u0111inh cao l\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed3ng Kh\u1edfi. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Trong qu\u00e1 t\u00ecn h l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, chi \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam 558","K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c to l\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f9a 5 \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp nhau. Trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, M\u1ef9 v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1eeba d\u00f2, v\u1eeba th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh leo t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M \u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u00eau cao tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecd s\u1ee9c tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f9a M\u1ef9, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbch trong t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 chi \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i t\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a M \u1ef9 (chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t\\\", chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9\u201d, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\") v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 trong cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n 1975. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ba d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam - L\u00e0o - Cam puchia v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Ba d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam - L\u00e0o - C am puchia v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 chung. Tr\u1ea3i qua 30 n\u0103m \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, kh\u1ed1i li\u00ean minh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ba d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam - L\u00e0o - Campuchia kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trong \u0111\u00f3 mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t 559","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 huy s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1eefa ba d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam - L\u00e0o - Campuchia, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u s\u00e1c di\u1ec5n ra trong phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng m\u1eabu thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y, M\u1ef9 ra s\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch c\u00f4 l\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e8 b\u1eb9p cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ea5n, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tranh th\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n M\u1ef9. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111o\u00e0n k\u00e9t v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u00f9ng h\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam chong M \u1ef9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1t huy ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edd hai mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M \u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1nh th\u0103ng cu\u1ed9c chicn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn t\u1eeb trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, chi \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n thi\u00ean anh h\u00f9ng ca v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u01b0a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi, k\u1ef3 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. 560","T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O CH\u00cdNH I. T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U TI\u00c9NG VI\u1ec6T A. S\u00e1ch, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed 1. 300 n\u00e1m S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1998. 2. Alien Hassan, Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf chu\u1ed9c l\u1ed7i, Nxb. Tr\u1ebb, TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 2007. 3. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f9a Ban Ch\u00e2p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfu to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 IV, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1977. 4. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Nam B\u1ed9, L\u1ecbch s\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Nam B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2006. 5. Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, L\u1ecbch s\u1eeb \u0110\u00e0ng b\u1ed9 \u0110\u00e0ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam TP. Ho Ch\u00ed Minh, t\u1eadp II ( 19 5 4 19 7 5 ), S\u01a1 th\u00e0o, N xb. T P . II\u1ed2 C h \u00ed M inh, 2000. 6. Ban Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn tranh, tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1975, thang l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000. 7. Ban Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn tranh, tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Tong k\u00e9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc: Th\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995. 8. Ban Chi \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 Ban Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y Nam B\u1ed9, T\u00e2y Nam B\u1ed9 30 n\u0103m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn (1945-1975), xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00e1ng 12-2000. 561","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 9. Ban Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 50 n\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, 1981. 10. Ban Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Tr\u00e0 B\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1975. 11. Ban Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, N\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1979. 12. Ban Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, S\u01a1 th\u1ea3o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eadp I, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1984. 13. Ban T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn tranh B2, Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfntranhx\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M \u1ef9 v\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M \u1ef9 - ng\u1ee5y tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng B2, 1984. 14. Ban Chi huy qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tinh Ben Tre, Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ben Tre (L\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed), 1985. 15. B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao, M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n Parisve Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2007. 16. B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, Tinh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1969. 17. B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, Ban T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n h\u00f3a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, Th\u00e0nh \u00f9y TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, \u0110\u1ea1i thang m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n 1975 b\u00e0n l\u0129nh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2006. 18. B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, Qu\u00e2n khu VII, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed B\u1ed9 Chi huy Mi\u1ec1n 1961- 1976, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2004. 19. B\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Du l\u1ecbch, Bi\u00ean ni\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1990, 1992. 20. B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Binh \u0111o\u00e0n 12 - Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, 1999. 562","T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 21. B\u00f9i Quang Kh\u00e1nh, T\u00f4 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1969. 22. Bi\u00ean ni\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ch\u00ednh ph\u00fa Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-2005, t\u1eadp 1, 1945-1954. 23. Bi\u00ean ni\u00ean L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-2005, t\u1eadp 2, 1955-1976. 24. B\u00f9i \u0110\u00ecnh Thanh, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 45 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn \u0111au x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1990. 25. C\u00e0nh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u00f4ng A b.s, B\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch c\u00f9a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2007. 26. Cao V\u0103n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Ph\u1ea1m Quang To\u00e0n, Qu\u1ef3nh C\u01b0, T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u phong tr\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed3ng kh\u1edbi \u1edd mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1981. 27. Cao V\u0103n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 - Ng\u1ee5y, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed, s\u1ed1 171 n\u0103m 1976. 28. Charles Fourniau, Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y (1960-2000), Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2007. 29. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2005. 30. C\u00f4ng b\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u00f9 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a (c\u00e1c n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1965 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975). 31. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf chong ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam (Nguy\u1ec5n Anh L\u00e2n c.b). T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f9a T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c II, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, th\u00e1ng 6-1993. 32. Chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u00ecn t\u1eebph\u00fai b\u00ean kia, Nxb. D\u00e2n tr\u00ed, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2010. 33. Chung m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng c\u1edd, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1993. 34. Cu\u1ed9c tong c\u00f4ng k\u00edcli - T\u1ed5ng Idi\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u00f9a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng M\u1eadu th\u00e2n 1968, B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng Tham m\u01b0u qu\u00e2n l\u1ef1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. 563","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 35. Cu\u1ed9c t\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u00f4i d\u1eady M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n 1968, K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1998. 36. Dixee R. Bartholomew - Feis, L\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u00ea Giang (d\u1ecbch), o s s v\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh: \u0110\u1ed3ng minh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt, Nxb. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2007. 37. Don Oberdoifer, T\u1ebft, Nxb. T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p An Giang, 1988. 38. \u0110av\u00edt Ris\u1edbt Panm\u01a1, Ti\u1ebfng k\u00e8n g\u1ecdi qu\u00e2n, Nxb. Th\u00f4ng tin l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1987. 39. \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Nguy\u1ec5n Vi\u1ebft T\u00e1 (Cb), Mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn (1945-1975), t\u1eadp I, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1990. 40. \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eafng m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n 1975 chi\u1ebfn thang c\u00f9a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2005. 41. \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n Th\u00e1i, Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1985. 42. \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p (Cb), T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000. 43. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000-2001. T\u1eeb t\u1eadp 8 (1945-1947) \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadp 54, H\u00e0 N\u1ed8I, 2000-2001. 44. \u0110\u1eb7ng Phong, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ec3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-2000, t\u1eadp 2, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2005. 45. \u0110\u1eb7ng Phong, Kinh t\u1ec3 mi\u1ec1n Nam th\u1eddi k\u00ec 1955-1975, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2004. 46. \u0110\u1ed3 Tu\u1ea5n, Chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng v\u1eadn xa M l 13 c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u0103m l\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1964. 47. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u00ed B\u00e9n Tre, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1991. 564","T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 48. Gabrien C\u00f4nc\u00f4, Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, t\u1eadp II, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1991. 49. George c . Herring. Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch, Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y c\u00f9a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam (1950-1975), Nxb. C\u00f4ng an Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2004. 50. Gi\u00f4dep H. Amt\u01a1, L\u1eddi ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1958. 51. H. Moore v\u00e0 s. Galloway, \u0110\u00e3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh... v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb trung, B\u00e1n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 1993. 52. H. Y. Schandler, S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4ng tl\u0129\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4 v\u1ee1 - L Johnson v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 1993. 53. Jeffrey Kimball, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam: Ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u00f9a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nix\u01a1n, Nxb. C\u00f4ng an Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2007. 54. H\u00e0 Minh H\u1ed3ng, Tr\u1ea7n Nam Ti\u1ebfn, L\u01b0u V\u0103n Quy\u1ebft, H\u00e0 Kim Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed S\u00e0i G\u00f2n th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1945-1975, Nxb. 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Nguy\u1ec5n Cao K\u1ef3, Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 thua tr\u1eadn \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Nxb. Th\u00f4ng tin l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1990. 110. Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Hu\u1ef3nh, Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn chong M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam - T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H a N\u1ed8I, 2010. 111. Nguy\u1ec5n Sinh C\u00fac (Cb), D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch thong k\u00ea v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u00f9a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t, quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u00e1t tri\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f9a to ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eadp th\u00ea, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9a x\u00e3 vi\u00ean qua 30 n\u0103m (1958-1988), T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, 5-1989. 112. Nguy\u1ec5n Sinh C\u00fac, N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1995, Nxb. Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995. 113. Nguy\u1ec5n Ti\u1ebfn H\u01b0ng - Gi\u00earon L. S\u00eat\u01a1, T\u1eeb t\u00f2a B\u1ea1ch \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn dinh \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, Nxb. Tr\u1ebb, 1990. 569","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 114. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2010. 115. Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0i (Cb), Cu\u1ed9c Tong ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u00f9a qu\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1968: Qua t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f9a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2010. 116. Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n T\u00fa, Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea3ng k\u00e9t th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc (1973-1975), Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2010. 117. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thang l\u1ee3i trong \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eafng M\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n 1975, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2010. 118. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea3ng, t\u1eadp III, Nxb. Th\u00f4ng tin l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1985. 119. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng, t\u1eadp IV, Nxb. Th\u00f4ng tin l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1982. 120. Nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n ch\u00f9 y\u1ebfu c\u00f9a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam (T\u1eeb 11-1964 \u0111\u1ebfn 12-1965), Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1986. 121. Ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n (c\u00e1c n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1965 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975). 122. Ni\u00ean gi\u00e1m Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n (c\u00e1c n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1965 \u0111\u1ebfn 1975). 123. O\u00e9tm \u00f4len, T\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9c qu\u00e1n nh\u00e2n (H\u1ed3i k\u00fd), Nxb. Tr\u1ebb, TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 1988. 124. Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng, Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai huy ho\u00e0ng, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1975. 125. Ph\u1ea1m Xanh, G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ebfu l\u1ecbch s\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Hoa K\u1ef3, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2010. 126. Ph\u1ea1m Xu\u00e2n Nam, Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u00f9a Ch\u00f9 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed5 Ch\u00ed Minh sau ng\u00e0y tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, s\u1ed1 5-1990. 570","T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 127. Phong Hi\u1ec1n, Ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Th\u00f4ng tin l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1984. 128. Pierre Asselin, N\u00e9n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh mong manh, Washington, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f9a Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Paris, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2005. 129. Pito A. Puli, N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Dinmg t\u1eeb Rud\u01a1ven \u0111\u1ebfn N\u00edchxon, Nxb. Th\u00f4ng tin l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1986. 130. Poltrorak, Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a, th\u00f9 \u0111o\u1ea1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u00e0 m\u1edb r\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed h\u1ecdc, 1974. 131. Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1946-1960, t\u1eadp I; 1960-1976, t\u1eadp II, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000. 132. Robert s. MacNamara, Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 tam th\u00e1m k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 nh\u0169ng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995. 133. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfn thang c\u00f9a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn chong M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1985. 134. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1976. 135. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1eadt B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u1ef9 v\u00e9 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, VNTTX d\u1ecbch, phat h\u00e0nh th\u00e1ng 8-1971, t\u1eadp 2. 136. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1n vay v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc XHCN \u0111\u1ebf thanh to\u00e1n nh\u1eadp si\u00eau m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1974 c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec9\u01a1ng, Trung t\u00e2m L\u01b0u tr\u1eeb Qu\u1ed1c gia m , ph\u00f4ng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 4081. 137. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 c\u00f9a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc XHCN 1955-1975, Trung t\u00e2m L\u01b0u tr\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c gia III, ph\u00f4ng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 4088. 138. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u L\u1ea7u N\u0103m g\u00f3c G.E, t\u1eadp IV. 139. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1eadt c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m lu\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, TTXVN phat h\u00e0nh, t\u1eadp 2, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1971. 571","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 140. 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Th\u00f4ng tin khoa h\u1ecdc qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a M \u1ef9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 1-1977. 144. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ca ng\u1ee3i thang l\u1ee3i c\u00f9a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1977. 145. Tr\u1ea7n Duy Hinh, Tr\u1ea1i David S\u00e0i G\u00f2n m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1973, Nxb. Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2006. 146. Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ecb Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng, Qu\u1ed1c s\u00e1ch Ap chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c - ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u00f9a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam (1961 - 1965), T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed, s\u1ed1 4\/2002. 147. Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Trung, M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u00e1u \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ed1ng thong, t\u1eadp 2, Nxb. V\u00e3n ngh\u1ec7 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 1987. 148. Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Trung, Nh\u00e0 trang v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t N u m , Nxb. C h \u00edn h 11 \u1ecb Q u\u1ed1c gia, H \u00e0 N \u1ed9i, 2005. 149. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u (Cb), \u0110\u1ecba ch\u00ed v\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (ph\u1ea7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed), Nxb. TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 1987. 150. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u, Mi\u1ec1n Nam gi\u1eef v\u1eefng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u1eadp 3, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1968. 151. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u, Mi\u1ec1n Nam gi\u1eef v\u1eefng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u1eadp 4, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1970. 152. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Th\u1ecd (Cb), Kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1955-2000, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u1edbi, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1edbi, Nxb. Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 12-2000. 572","T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 153. 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V\u0103n T\u1ea1o - Ph\u1ea1m Xu\u00e2n Nam - Cao V\u0103n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, N\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ch\u00f9 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1981. 164. V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn D\u0169ng, \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eafng m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1976. 165. V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn D\u0169ng, B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t l\u1edbn c\u00f9a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1989. 573","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 166. V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn D\u0169ng, Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 to\u00e0n th\u1eafng, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed8I, 1991. 167. v \u1ec3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00f9a M \u1ef9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam qua h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o tuy\u1ec7t m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2005. 168. Ve cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M \u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2005. 169. v \u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i thang m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1975: Qua t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec3n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2010. 170. V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, Tong h\u00e0nh dinh trong m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n to\u00e0n thang, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000. 171. V\u00f5 Thu\u1ea7n Nho, Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i 5 n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, H\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, s\u1ed1 8-1967. 172. V\u00f5 V\u0103n Sen, S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam (1954-1975), Nxb. TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 1996. 173. Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, T\u1eadp 1, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, 1995. 174. Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 50 n\u0103m Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2004. 175. Vi\u1ec7n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, GS. \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n T\u1eadp (Cb), 45 n\u0103m kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam (1945-1990), Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1990. 176. Vi\u1ec7n Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1968. 177. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng - H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Nam Trung B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, Nam Trung B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn 1945-1975, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1992 178. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1991. 574","T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 179. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eeb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1eedu n\u01b0\u1edbc 1954-1975, T\u1eadp V: T\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u00f4i d\u1eady n\u0103m 1968, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2001. 180. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc 1954-1975, T\u1eadp IV: Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1999. 181. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1eedu n\u01b0\u1edbc 1954-1975, t\u1eadp 2, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2001. 182. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eadp 11, Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2005. 183. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eeb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc 1954-1975, t\u1eadp 3. 184. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1991. 185. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u00f9 Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u nu\u1ee9c (1954-1975), Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1988. 186. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1988. 187. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eeb Qu\u00e2n s\u1ee5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam - B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n 3, Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng Pl\u00e2yme - ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995. 188. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eeb Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u00f9a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M \u1ef9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1991. 189. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 55 n\u0103m Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam (Bi\u00ean ni\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n), Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1999. 190. Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, H\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh Nh\u00e3n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam (1945-1975), Nxb. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1997. 575","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 191. Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c - L\u00eanin v\u00e0 T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eadp II (1954-1975), Nxb. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1995. 192. Vi\u1ec7n Quan h\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i giao, Nxb. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1990. 193. Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eeb h\u1ecdc, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb1ng, Nxb. \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng, 1996. 194. Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed h\u1ecdc, S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u00f9a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1985. 195. Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed h\u1ecdc, Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n 1945-1946, Nxb. KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1990. 196. William Colby, M \u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1, Nxb. C\u00f4ng an Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2007. B. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef 197. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed3 ch\u00fac b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f9 t\u1ed1ng V\u1ee5 D\u00e3n nguy\u1ec7n Ph\u0169 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng. 198. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh t\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c T\u00f2a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9, \u0110\u1eb7c s\u1ee9 T\u1ed1ng l\u00e3nh s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c 1966. 199. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f9a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 1966. 200. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp H\u0110 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n T .w (1965-1966). 201. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Nha s\u1edf \u1ecbn\u0103m 1965-1966). 202. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c to ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Nha Tong Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n y t\u1ebf n\u0103m 1964-1966. 203. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9c Ch\u00ednh ph\u0169 Nguy\u1ec5n Cao K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 1965-1967, T\u1eadp 4: Th\u00e0nh t\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a N\u1ed9i c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tranh 1965-1967. 204. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 to ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a \u1ee7 y ban L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Qu\u1ed1c gia 1965 1967. 576","T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 205. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e3, \u1ea5p 1967. 206. T\u1eadp l\u01b0u c\u00f4ng v\u00e3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u0169 Ch\u00fa t\u1ecbch UBHCTW v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ca quan c\u00f4ng quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c 1949-1967. 207. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c Ch\u00ednh ph\u00fa Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u01a1ng 1968-1969, T\u1eadp 3: S\u01a1 \u0111\u00f4, Th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9. 208. T\u1eadp l\u01b0u c\u00f4ng v\u0103n PTT v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh VN (1949- 1969). 209. T\u1eadp s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00f9, B\u1ed9, T\u1ed5ng nha, l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 VNCH \u1ecb 1966-1969). 210. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c chi khu n\u0103m 1965-1969. 211. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 n\u0103m 1966-1967. 212. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n L\u1ed9c 1967-1968, T\u1eadp 3: S\u01a1 \u0111o t\u00f4 ch\u1ee9c, th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e0i t\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u00f9. 213. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i c\u00e1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a t\u1eeb 1\/11\/1963 - 25\/5\/1968. 214. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f9a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t tri\u00ean Hoa K\u1ef3, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f2ng kinh t\u1ebf - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 van \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0i c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 1968. 215. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i to n\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m 1968. 216. T\u1eadp l\u01b0u c\u00f4ng v\u0103n c\u00f9a Nha H\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf ve vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c Ph\u00f9, B\u1ed9 n\u0103m 1967-1968. 217. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng c\u00f9a UBND t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c tinh v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh to ch\u1ee9c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n trang b\u1ecb v\u0169 khi n\u00e1m 19\u00f2d-19b9. 218. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 t\u00f4 ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed9 C\u00e0i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec3u tra \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecba - canh n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 T\u1ed3ng Nha tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c 1968-1969. 219. T\u1eadp l\u01b0u c\u00f4ng v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f9 Th\u00f9 t\u01b0\u1edbng, Ph\u00f9 T\u00f4ng thong v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 1948-\u00ec 972. 220. T\u1eadp l\u01b0u Sac l\u1ec7nh, Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f9a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, Th\u00f9 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u0169 v\u1ec1 t\u00f4 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m 1972. 221. H\u00f4 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f9a \u1ee7 y ban Qu\u1ed1c gia C\u00e0i c\u00e1ch th\u00f9 t\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng 1971-1973. 577","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 222. T\u1eadp b\u1ea3n tin, b\u00e1o c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a VTX, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u0103m 1970. 223. T\u1eadp b\u1ea3n tin, b\u00e1o cat VTX, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o ve ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o 1963 1970. 224. T\u1eadp b\u1ea3n tin, b\u00e1o c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a VTX, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf, th\u00f4ng tin, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i 1969-1971. 225. T\u1eadp b\u1ea3n tin, b\u00e1o c\u1eaft c\u00f9a VTX, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ngo\u1ea1i giao, v\u0103n h\u00f3a - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00e1ng 1-7\/1971. 226. T\u1eadp b\u00e1o c\u1eaft nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u00f9a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc 1967-1971. 227. T\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ebfm b\u00e1o, b\u00e0n d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o Times, Newsweek, u s News,... n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m 1971. 228. T\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o c\u00f9a AFP v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a 1970-1971. 229. T\u1eadp b\u1ea3n tin VTX, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a n\u0103m \u1ec9 969-1972. 230. T\u1eadp b\u1ea3n tin VTX ve vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1970-1972. 231. T\u1eadp b\u00e0n tin VTX, B\u1ed9 C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a 1972. 232. T\u1eadp b\u1ea3n tin VTX, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a 1972. 233. T\u1eadp b\u00e0n tin VTX, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ebf c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a 1972. 234. T\u1eadp b\u1ea3n tin VTX, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 to ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng n\u0103m 1973. 578","T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 235. T\u1eadp b\u00e0n tin VTX, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9a c\u00e1c binh ch\u00fang Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a 1972-1973. 236. T\u1eadp b\u1ea3n tin, c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c ve t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u00e9, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f9a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a n\u0103m 1973. II. T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U TI\u1ebeNG N\u01af\u1edaC NGO\u00c0I A. Ti\u1ebfng Anh: 237. Against u s aggression fo r national salvation, HCM, H, Foreign languages publishing house, 1967. 238. Arechimedes L.A.Patti, Why Vietnam? Prelude to Americas Abutross, Berkely: University o f California Press, 1990. 239. Fall Bernard, The Vie\u1eefninh regime, Government and administration in the democratic republic o f Vietnam, Issued jointly with the institute of pacific relations. April, 1954. 240. Gabriel Kolko, Anatomny o f a was Vietnam, the United States, and the Modem Historical Experience, Pantheon Book, New York, 1985. 241. H.Bruce Franklin, The Antiwar Movement We Are Supposed to Forget, The Chronicle Review, Wasington DC, October 20. 242. Johnson, Lyondon Baines, The wantage point, Paratives o f the Presidency 1963-1969, London, ed. Weidenfiel and Nicolson, 1972. 243. Kennerdy, john F., The Strategy o f peace, Edited by Allan, Nevins New York, Harper and Brothers. 244. Kenneth Young: u .s , Policy and Vie\u1eebiam Phoertrial Viability 19. 245. Lloyd c.Gardner, Pay any Price, Lyndon Johnson and the wars for Vietnam, Ivan R. Dee Chicago, 1995. 246. M arilyn B. Young, The Vietnam wars 1945-1990, Harrper Perennial, 1991. 579","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 247. Neil L.Jamieson, Understanding Vietnam, University of California Press, 1993. 248. Nighswonger, William A., Rural pacification in Vietnam, New York, Frederick A Prasger, 1966. 249. Philip E. Catton, D iem \u2019s final failure predue to Am erican\u2019s war in Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Kansas. 250. Poole Peter A., The State and Indochine From FDR to Nixon, Hinsdale, Te Druden Press, 1973. 251. R.B. Smith, An International History o f the Vietnam War, t.2, New York, 1985. 252. Robert Staplen, The lost Revolution, New York, Harper and Row, 1966. 253. Samnuel p. Huntington, \\\"Social Science and Vietnam\\\", Asian Survey, August, 1967. 254. Samnuel p. Huntington, The Bese o f Accommidation, Foreign Affairs, July 1968. 255. Staley Kamow, Vietnam A History, The F\u1ee9st Complete Account o f Vietnam at War - Penguin Books, 1983. 256. Taylor, Maxwell D., Responsibility and response. New York, Harper and Row Publishers, 1967. 257. Temple Wanamaker, American Foreign Policy Today, Bantam Books, New York, 1969. 258. The Pentagon papers Vol. I - II, The Defense department history o f United state decision making on Vietnam, Boston, Beacon Press, 1971. 259. United States Vietnam Relations 1945-1967, U.S. Government printing office, Wasinhgton, 1971. 260. Walter L. Hixon, The United States and the Vietnam war, t.l. New York and Lon don, 2000. 580","T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 261. Walter L. Hixon, The United States and the Vietnam war, t.2, New York and Lon don, 2000. 262. Westmoreland, William A., A soldiers report. Garden City, Doubleday and Company, 1966. 263. William Duiker, The communist road to power in Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Westview, 1981. B. Ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p 264. Gras Yves, Histoire de la Guerre I\u2019lndochine, Ed. Pton, Paris, 1979. 265. Gras Yves, Antere Arm\u00e9e Vietnamien 1945-1975. c . Ti\u1ebfng Nga 266. German Vander Bee, L\u1ecbch s\u1ee9 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi 1945-1990 (B\u00e0n ti\u1ebfng Nga), Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc, Matxc\u01a1va, 1994. 267. Kolotov V.N, C\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n: t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edb mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1945-1963 (B\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Nga), Nxb. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p Saint - Peterburg, 2001. 268. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u0103m 1917-1965 (B\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Nga), Nxb. Khoa h\u1ecdc, Matxc\u01a1va, 1970. 581","M\u1ee4C L\u1ee4C L\u00f2i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Trang L\u1eddi Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n 9 L\u1eddi m\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u 11 L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u 15 19 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I 23 MI\u1ec0N B\u1ea4C V\u1eeaA X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG V\u1eeaA CHI\u00c9N \u0110\u1ea4U, 23 \u0110\u00c1NHTH\u1eaeNG c u \u1ed9 c CHI\u1ebeN TRANHPH\u00c1 HO\u1ea0I 30 30 L\u1ea6N TH\u1ee8 NH\u00c1T C\u1ee6A M\u1ef8 (1965-1968) 45 86 I. M\u1ef9 tr\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn 93 tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc 99 II. Chuy\u1ec3n hu\u1ee9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eeba 118 c\u00f3 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1eeba c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh 1. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng 2. X\u00e2y d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf 3. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a - gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i 4. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 III. \u0110\u00e1nh th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, t\u0103ng cu\u1eebng chi vi\u1ec7n cho chi\u1ebfn tru\u1eedng mien Nam IV. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u1ea1i giao 582","M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c 1. \u0110\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c \\\"chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\\\" v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn 118 \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n \\\"kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9\\\" 125 2. T\u0103ng cu\u1eddng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 tranh th\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II 134 134 \u0110\u00c1NH TH\u1eaeNG CHI\u00c9N L\u01af\u1ee2C \\\"CHI\u00c9N TRANH c \u1ee5 c B \u1ed9\\\" C\u1ee6A M\u1ef8 141 \u1ede MI\u00c8N NAM (1965-1968) 172 I. N\u1ed9i dung chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9\\\" c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 172 179 II. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \\\"chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9\\\" \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf, 196 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n Nam 196 III. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9\\\" 204 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 1. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh M\u1ef9 2. \u0110\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 IV. Cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady T\u1ebft M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n 1968 1. B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 2. Di\u1ec5n bi\u00e9n cu\u1ed9c l \u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady T\u00e9t M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n 1968 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III 214 214 KH\u00d4I PH\u1ee4C V\u00c0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N KINH T\u00c9, V\u0102N H\u00d3A X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I \u1ede MI\u00c8N B\u1eaeC, \u0110\u00c1NH TH\u1eaeNG CU\u1ed8C CHI\u00c9N TRANH PH\u00c1 HO\u1ea0I L\u1ea6N TH\u1ee8 HAI C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ebe QU\u1ed0C M\u1ef8 (1969-1973) I. Kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, t\u0103ng cu\u1eddng chi vi\u1ec7n cho chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam 583","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 1. M i\u1ec1n B\u1eafc h\u00e0n g\u1eafn v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c 214 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i 249 2. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, c\u1ee7ng 254 c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u00e0o chi vi\u1ec7n cho chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng 267 mi\u1ec1n Nam II. \u0110\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M \u1ef9 (t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 6-4 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 30-12-1972) m . \u0110\u1ea5u tranh ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Pans v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh, l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam Chtr\u01a1ng IV 276 \u0110\u00c1NH TH\u1eaeNG M\u1ed8T B\u01af\u1edaC QUAN TR\u1eccNG CHI\u1ebeN L\u01af\u1ee2C \\\"VI\u1ec6T NAM H\u00d3A CHI\u1ebeN TRANH\\\" 276 C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ebe QU\u1ed0C M\u1ef8 (1969 - 1-1973) 289 289 I. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft N\u00edchx\u01a1n v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ecdrc \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn 304 tranh\\\" c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 339 II. \u0110\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam 339 h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 352 1. T\u00ecnh th\u1ebf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u00f3rng chi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng 2. \u0110\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" III. Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m 1972 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f3a chi\u1ebfn tranh\\\" 1. Th\u1eddi c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi 2. Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c 1972 584","M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c Chutmg V 373 MI\u1ec0N B\u1eaeC TI\u1ebeP T\u1ee4C KH\u00d4I PH\u1ee4C 373 V\u00c0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N KINH T\u00c9, V\u0102N H\u00d3A X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I, 376 D\u00d3C S\u1ee8C CHI VI\u1ec6N CHO C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG MI\u1ec0N NAM 382 397 (1973-1975) 402 413 I. Kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf 424 1. Kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 433 2. Kinh t\u1ebf n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 3. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i 435 4. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng 5. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i 441 II. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u0103n h\u00f3a - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m . C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c Itr\u1ee3ng v\u1eef trang IV. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i, tranh th\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf V. D\u1ed1c s\u1ee9c chi vi\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia Chutmg VI 449 HO\u00c0N TH\u00c0NH S \u1ef1 NGHI\u1ec6P 449 GI\u1ea2I PH\u00d3NG MI\u00c8N NAM (1973-1975) 466 I. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh mi\u1ec1n Nam sau Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh P an s 481 481 II. T\u1ea1o th\u1ebf, t\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, t\u1ea1o th\u1eddi c\u01a1, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n 585 to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n Nam III. Cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n \u1ec8975 1. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed","L\u1ecaCH S\u1eea VI\u1ec6T NAM - T\u1eacP 13 2. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean - m\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng 486 v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1975 3. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean - Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, n\u1ed5i d\u1eady 499 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Trung B\u1ed9 4. Ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0110\u00e0 N\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh Nam Trung B\u1ed9 506 5. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, k\u1ebft th\u00fac th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i 513 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc IV. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1eafng l\u1ecdi v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u nu\u1ee9c 540 1. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i 540 2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn 547 ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn 554 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh 561 586","NH\u00c0 XU\u00c1T B\u1ea2N KHOA H\u1eccC X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I 26 L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t - Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm - H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0110T: 04.39719073 - Fax: 04.39719071 Website: http:\/\/nxbkhxh.vass.gov.vn Email: [email protected] Chi nh\u00e1nh Nh\u1ea3 xu\u1eaft b\u1ea3n Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i 57 S\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec7t \u00c1nh - Ph\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ebfn Th\u00e0nh - Qu\u1eadn I - TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0110T: 08.38394948 - Fax: 08.38394948 L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM T \u1eac P 13 T\u1eea N\u0102M 1965 \u0110\u1ebeN N\u0102M 1975 Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c L\u00ca H\u1eeeU TH\u00c0NH Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u1ed9i dung T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp NGUY\u00caN XU\u00c2N D\u0168NG PGS.TS. TR\u00c0N \u0110\u1eecC C\u01af\u1edcNG Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp l\u1ea7n 1: NGUY\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ee8C B\u00ccNH Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp t\u00e1i b\u00e0n: NGUY\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ee8C B\u00ccNH K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi t\u00ednh: S\u1eedn h\u00e0n in TH\u1ea2O H\u01af\u01a0NG Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u00eca: NGUY\u1ec4N \u0110\u1ee8C B\u00ccNH STAR BOOKS In 1.000 cu\u1ed1n, kh\u1ed3 !6 X 24 cm, t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng ty c \u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n in Scitech. \u0110\u1ecba chi: D20\/532H Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Linh, x\u00e3 Phong Ph\u00fa, huy\u1ec7n B\u00ecnh Ch\u00e1nh, TP H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, s\u1ed1 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3ng k\u00fd xu\u1ea5t b\u00e0n: 155-2017\/CXBIPH\/23-3\/KHXH. s\u1ed1 Q\u0110XB: 17\/Q\u0110 - NXB K.HXH, ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2017. M\u00e3 s\u1ed1 ISBN: 978-604-944-936-9. In xong v\u00e0 n\u1ed9p l\u01b0u chi\u1ec3u n\u0103m 2017.","",""]