2003 - Vol 2 - Reassessing the Management of National Parks in India - Biological Profiles of Individual PAs

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Impact Species1 Numbers1 Species2 Numbers2 Herbivores Migration away from the site, disease t of the PA Population decline, loss of All mammals Chilling, Kaya breeding site, loss of food source All animals Not known Migration away from site, loss of breeding site, loss of food source. Loss of breeding site, loss of All animals Not known Chilling, Kaya food source. Chilling, Kaya Loss of food source All herbivores Not known Chilling, Kaya All animals Not known Migration away from site, loss of ul food source. All animals Migration away from the site and increased threat from predators/hunters Migration away from the site, loss Black of breeding site, loss of food Necked source Crane (Grus nigricollis), Bar Headed Geese (Anser indicus) Disease, loss of food source, migration away from the site and ul loss of breeding site. All herbivores Migration away from the site, loss of food source, disturbance, ul pollution All animals Migration away from the site, loss of breeding site. All animals Disturbance All Animals Not known Loss of food source All animals Not known 66

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species3 Numbers3 Species4 Numbers4 Species5 N 55 HP/S/TUN HP/S/TUN 56 J&K/N/HEM J&K/N/HEM J&K/N/HEM J&K/N/HEM 57 J&K/S/CHA J&K/S/CHA J&K/S/CHA J&K/S/CHA J&K/S/CHA 58 J&K/S/KAR J&K/S/KAR 36

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Numbers5 Species6 Numbers6 Species7 Numbers7 Species8 Numbers8 0 67

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species9 Numbers9 55 HP/S/TUN HP/S/TUN 56 J&K/N/HEM J&K/N/HEM J&K/N/HEM J&K/N/HEM 57 J&K/S/CHA J&K/S/CHA J&K/S/CHA J&K/S/CHA J&K/S/CHA 58 J&K/S/KAR J&K/S/KAR 36

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Species10 Numbers10 Remark 68

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Area of the Years Area affected Ranges PA Activity J&K/S/KAR Annual 750 . Nubra Habitation J&K/S/KAR and Annual 1000 . Nubra J&K/S/KAR cultivation. Annual 2000-3000 . Nubra J&K/S/KAR 59 JHA/S/HAZ Others(army Annual 50 . Nubra and para 186.26 Entire PA JHA/S/HAZ military) JHA/S/HAZ Grazing 186.26 Entire PA Air port 186.26 Entire PA JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ OTH 186.26 Entire PA 186.26 (Poaching) 186.26 Entire PA JHA/S/HAZ Fire (Burning), 186.26 Entire PA 60 JHA/S/UDH Tree felling Annual 1.27 Rajmahal Damin 61 KAR/N/BAN Cultivation Annual 62 KAR/N/BANN 5 . Sporadic Grazing Annual 20 . Harohally, Project KAR/N/BANN Habitation Annual 20 . All along the bounda KAR/N/BANN KAR/N/BANN NTFP Annual All along the bounda KAR/N/BANN Collection 10 . In the northern portio 63 KAR/N/KUD 1.27 Habitation 1992 880.02 Fire Stray 104.27 Fire 1970 Persists Habitation Persists Grazing Tree felling Mines 1980 Not affected 600.32 so far 36

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Impact Species1 Numbers1 Species2 Numbers2 Migration away from the site, loss of food source All animals Not known Disturbance All animals Not known Loss of food source Herbivores Not known Noise pollution Extinction, Population decline All mammals Migration away from the site, All mammals Loss of breeding site, Loss of All mammals food source Migration away from the site, Loss of breeding site Disesase, Migration away from All mammals the site, Loss of breeding site, All mammals Loss of food source Migration away from the site, Extinction, Population decline Migration away from the site, All mammals Loss of breeding site, Loss of food source, Increased threat from predators/ hunters Population decline, Migration away from the site, Loss of food source Ground fire occurs in patches. It causes damage to the snakes and other small animals Not noticed Ground fire Not noticed ary Not noticed ary Not noticed Disturbance to wild animals now on stopped specially elephants. 69

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species3 Numbers3 Species4 Numbers4 Species5 N J&K/S/KAR J&K/S/KAR J&K/S/KAR J&K/S/KAR 59 JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ 60 JHA/S/UDH 61 KAR/N/BAN 62 KAR/N/BANN KAR/N/BANN KAR/N/BANN KAR/N/BANN KAR/N/BANN 63 KAR/N/KUD 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Numbers5 Species6 Numbers6 Species7 Numbers7 Species8 Numbers8 70

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species9 Numbers9 J&K/S/KAR J&K/S/KAR J&K/S/KAR J&K/S/KAR 59 JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ JHA/S/HAZ 60 JHA/S/UDH 61 KAR/N/BAN 62 KAR/N/BANN KAR/N/BANN KAR/N/BANN KAR/N/BANN KAR/N/BANN 63 KAR/N/KUD 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Species10 Numbers10 Remark 71

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Area of the Years Area affected Ranges PA Activity 64 KAR/N/NAG Veeranahosahalli 65 KAR/S/ADI 643.39 Habitation Every year 0.02 Adichunchanagiri 0.89 Grazing Every year 0.05 Adichunchanagiri KAR/S/ADI Fire Every year 0.02 Adichunchanagiri KAR/S/ADI Pilgrimage Every year 4 to 5 Arabitittu Sanctuary 66 KAR/S/ARA Grazing, Tree 13.50 felling, Fire Every year Whole All ranges 67 KAR/S/BIL NTFP Fringe All ranges KAR/S/BIL 540.00 collection Fringe All ranges KAR/S/BIL Whole All ranges KAR/S/BIL Erosion Every year Fringe All ranges KAR/S/BIL Dam 1980's Fringe All ranges KAR/S/BIL Fire Every year KAR/S/BIL Grazing Every year Mines Every year Pilgrimage 68 KAR/S/KAV 526.95 10 Fringes of the Sanct 69 KAR/S/MEL Grazing, Fire, 125 Kundapur Wildlife S 49.82 Tree felling Occasional 0.5 Ranganathittu Bird S 70 KAR/S/MOO 71 KAR/S/RANG 247.00 Habitation as on today 8 Sacrebyle 0.67 Tourism Shimoga, Hanagere 72 KAR/S/SHE KAR/S/SHE 395.60 Dams 1970 295 Shimoga, Sacrebyle Cultivation 8 Shimoga, Hanagere KAR/S/SHE KAR/S/SHE Grazing Mines/quarries 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Impact Species1 Numbers1 Species2 Numbers2 Migration away from the site Habitats gets effected Four horned N.A Quails NA antelope N.A Quails NA Loss of food source, Loss of Peafowl N.A Quails NA water source Peafowl Details not Decline in regeneration. Peafowl available Deer (Axis 20% Axis) Phyllanthus emblica Shola species Shola spp. Occasional threats are noticed to elephants, sambhars, & deers and are controlled by antipoaching watchers and staff. tuary Animals migrates away from the Spotted deer Black Buck NA Sanctuary disturbed area - Axis Axis N.A Sanctuary Population decline, Loss of breeding site, Loss of food Elephant - e source, Loss of water source Elephas Slight disturbances to the maximus breeding birds All wild animals Breakup of coridorrs between Bhadra and Shettihalli WLS Disturbance to wild animals and their habitat degradation Scarcity of fodder like grass and Spotted deer e, Hanagere other fodder species - Axix axis e Disturbance of wildlife All type of wild animals 72

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species3 Numbers3 Species4 Numbers4 Species5 N 64 KAR/N/NAG 65 KAR/S/ADI KAR/S/ADI KAR/S/ADI 66 KAR/S/ARA 67 KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL 68 KAR/S/KAV Canis Lupus - 69 KAR/S/MEL Indian Wolf N.A 70 KAR/S/MOO 71 KAR/S/RANG 72 KAR/S/SHE KAR/S/SHE KAR/S/SHE KAR/S/SHE 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Numbers5 Species6 Numbers6 Species7 Numbers7 Species8 Numbers8 0 0 73

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species9 Numbers9 64 KAR/N/NAG 65 KAR/S/ADI KAR/S/ADI KAR/S/ADI 66 KAR/S/ARA 67 KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL KAR/S/BIL 68 KAR/S/KAV 69 KAR/S/MEL 70 KAR/S/MOO 71 KAR/S/RANG 72 KAR/S/SHE KAR/S/SHE KAR/S/SHE KAR/S/SHE 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Species10 Numbers10 Remark 74

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Area of the Years Area affected Ranges 73 KER/N/ERA PA Activity 74 KER/S/ARA Grazing 75 KER/S/CHIN according to 76 KER/S/WAY 100.00 MP KER/S/WAY Drought, 1984 onwards 16 . Aralam KER/S/WAY eroision, Annual 20 Chinnar KER/S/WAY 55.00 habitation KER/S/WAY 344.44 Entire PA 77 MAH/N/AND 90.44 Grazing 344.44 Entire PA 78 MAH/N/NAV 344.44 Drought 1989-90 35 Muthanga and Tholp MAH/N/NAV Annual 344.44 Entire PA MAH/N/NAV NTFP 344.44 Entire PA MAH/N/NAV Collection 133.88 Tourism Since 1986 133.88 Fire (Burning) 1989-90 133.88 133.88 Grazing Annual 625.40 Not studied Since 133.88 Tourism declaration of Non Timber the park Forest Produce Since collection declaration of the park Felling Since declaration of Fire the park Since declaration of the park 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Impact Species1 Numbers1 Species2 Numbers2 Population Decline, Proliferation All herbivores of hardy species/ weeds Elephant Sambar deer not assessed Population decline, migration (Elephas (Cervus away from the site, loss of maximus) Not assessed unicolor) 8 breeding site, loss of food source, loss of water source, Sambhar 40 Gaur malnutrition. Population decline, Increased Elephant 25 Gaur threat from predators/hunters petty Loss of food source, Migration Deer, Bear, away from the site, Loss of water Birds source Deer, Loss of food source Elephant macaque Disease, Migration away form the site, Malnutrition Elephant 25 Birds Loss of food source, Migration away form the site, Loss of water Gaur, source Herbivores Disease, Loss of food source, Loss of water source 133.88 All 133.88 All 133.88 All 133.88 All 75

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species3 Numbers3 Species4 Numbers4 Species5 N 73 KER/N/ERA Lion tailed Nilgiri langur 74 KER/S/ARA 75 KER/S/CHIN Gaur (Bos macaque (Presbytis 76 KER/S/WAY gaurus) not assessed (Macaca silenus) not assessed johnii) n KER/S/WAY KER/S/WAY Reptiles KER/S/WAY KER/S/WAY Small 77 MAH/N/AND herbivores 78 MAH/N/NAV MAH/N/NAV MAH/N/NAV MAH/N/NAV 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Numbers5 Species6 Numbers6 Species7 Numbers7 Species8 Numbers8 Bonnet Common langur Slender loris macaque (Loris (Macaca (Presbytis tardigradus) radiata) not assessed not assessed entellus) not assessed not assessed 76

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species9 Numbers9 73 KER/N/ERA 74 KER/S/ARA 75 KER/S/CHIN 76 KER/S/WAY KER/S/WAY KER/S/WAY KER/S/WAY KER/S/WAY 77 MAH/N/AND 78 MAH/N/NAV MAH/N/NAV MAH/N/NAV MAH/N/NAV 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Species10 Numbers10 Remark Drought area-5 sq.km.; erosion area- 8 sq.km.; habitation area- 3 sq.km.; 77

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Area of the Years Area affected Ranges PA Activity 133.88 MAH/N/NAV Since 79 MAH/N/PEN Grazing declaration of Sanjay Gandhi Natio the park Park,Yeur/Upwan MAH/N/PEN Ban MAH/N/PEN 257.26 Human activity Traffic 2 Sonala MAH/N/PEN Grazing MAH/N/PEN Illegal MAH/N/PEN encroachment 80 MAH/N/SAN at totuladoh Ilegal fishing MAH/N/SAN MAH/N/SAN Hydroelectrical MAH/N/SAN project at MAH/N/SAN totuladoh 81 MAH/S/AMB 103.09 Encroachment 1991onwards 82 MAH/S/ANE Mines/Stone MAH/S/ANE guarries MAH/S/ANE Tourism All previous Fire(Burning) years MAH/S/ANE Grazing MAH/S/ANE 127.11 Fire 82.94 Cultivation 82.94 Tree felling 82.94 Grazing 82.94 Fire(Burning) 82.94 Habitation 82.94 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Impact Species1 Numbers1 Species2 Numbers2 133.88 All All faunal species affected All faunal species affected All faunal species affected All faunal species affected All faunal species affected All faunal species affected onal Leopard territory disturbance Patrige habitat disturbance Small species Habitat loss of Jungle Fowl & Pea fowl Habitat loss(Lantana & Bulbul) Habitat loss(Lantana & Bulbul) Migration away from the site Monkeys NA Antelopes NA Migration away from the site, Hare,Peafowl 'Population decline, 'Loss of food source ,Chinkara,Slo Migration away from the site, th bear Data not avb. 'Population decline, 'Loss of food source Hare,Peafowl Migration away from the site, ,Chinkara,Slo 'Population decline, 'Loss of food source th bear Data not avb. Migration away from the site, Hare,Peafowl 'Population decline, 'Loss of food source ,Chinkara,Slo Migration away from the site, th bear Data not avb. 'Population decline, 'Loss of food source Hare,Peafowl ,Chinkara,Slo th bear Data not avb Hare,Peafowl ,Chinkara,Slo th bear Data not avb. 78

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species3 Numbers3 Species4 Numbers4 Species5 N MAH/N/NAV 79 MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN 80 MAH/N/SAN MAH/N/SAN MAH/N/SAN MAH/N/SAN MAH/N/SAN 81 MAH/S/AMB 82 MAH/S/ANE MAH/S/ANE MAH/S/ANE MAH/S/ANE MAH/S/ANE 37

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Numbers5 Species6 Numbers6 Species7 Numbers7 Species8 Numbers8 0 79

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species9 Numbers9 MAH/N/NAV 79 MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN MAH/N/PEN 80 MAH/N/SAN MAH/N/SAN MAH/N/SAN MAH/N/SAN MAH/N/SAN 81 MAH/S/AMB 82 MAH/S/ANE MAH/S/ANE MAH/S/ANE MAH/S/ANE MAH/S/ANE 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Species10 Numbers10 Remark 80

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Area of the Years Area affected Ranges PA Activity 83 MAH/S/BHI 130.78 Development 1964-65 to 0.13 . Bhimashankar 1 1977 84 MAH/S/CHAN Rehabilitation To the north of Nond 85 MAH/S/CHAP of villages out 1997-98 60% Chandel. of sanctuary 1999 MAH/S/CHAP 308.97 area 4 Chaudampalli 133.23 Fire(Burning) MAH/S/CHAP 20.44 Chaudampalli MAH/S/CHAP Grazing 1999 30 Chaudampalli 86 MAH/S/GAU Non Timber 1999 0.01 Chaudampalli Forest 1999 MAH/S/GAU Produce All three ranges 87 MAH/S/GRE collection Pilgrimage All three ranges MAH/S/GRE Nannaj 88 MAH/S/GYA 260.00 Grazing Nannaj Buldhana Khamgao MAH/S/GYA Fire 341.05 Whole waterbody 89 MAH/S/JAI 8496.41 Canals 341.05 Whole waterbody MAH/S/JAI Roads 203.56 Fire Garzing Since the Developmenta construction of 341.05 l projects dam (1976) Cultivation Since the construction of dam(1976) 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Impact Species1 Numbers1 Species2 Numbers2 doli to Loss of habitat Shekru (Ratufa Grazing minimised for fauna by indica) or restricting free movement, Giant squirrel poaching minimised therefore (elphinstoni) Not known slow increase in the population. Migration away from the site N.A. unknown Loss of food source All herbivores 100 listed Migration away from the site Unknown unknown Migration away from the site Unknown unknown Food availability of fauna is Barking deer, reduced Chinkara All Food availability of fauna is Barking reduced deer,Chinkar a All Affect areas of Great Indian Great Indian bustard and black buck bustard Not estimated Black buck Not estimated Affect areas of Great Indian Great Indian bustard and black buck bustard Not estimated Black buck Not estimated Migration of sloth bear and food on habitat of herbivores. All herbivores Migration of sloth bear and food All herbivores habitat of herbivores. Might affect the migration of the Avi fauna Not yet birds in the long run. esatimated Might affect the migration of the Avi fauna Not yet birds in the long run. esatimated 81

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species3 Numbers3 Species4 Numbers4 Species5 N 83 MAH/S/BHI 84 MAH/S/CHAN 85 MAH/S/CHAP MAH/S/CHAP MAH/S/CHAP MAH/S/CHAP 86 MAH/S/GAU MAH/S/GAU Wolf Not estimated Indian fox Not Civet cat N 87 MAH/S/GRE Wolf Not estimated Indian fox estimated Civet cat N MAH/S/GRE Not 88 MAH/S/GYA estimated MAH/S/GYA 89 MAH/S/JAI MAH/S/JAI 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Numbers5 Species6 Numbers6 Species7 Numbers7 Species8 Numbers8 Not estimated 0 Not estimated 0 0 82 0

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species9 Numbers9 83 MAH/S/BHI 84 MAH/S/CHAN 85 MAH/S/CHAP MAH/S/CHAP MAH/S/CHAP MAH/S/CHAP 86 MAH/S/GAU MAH/S/GAU 87 MAH/S/GRE MAH/S/GRE 88 MAH/S/GYA MAH/S/GYA 89 MAH/S/JAI MAH/S/JAI 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Species10 Numbers10 Remark The impacts are possible in the future. 83

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Area of the Years Area affected Ranges MAH/S/JAI PA Activity 341.05 Whole waterbody 90 MAH/S/KAL Fishing Since the 91 MAH/S/KAR construction of dam(1976) MAH/S/KAR 92 MAH/S/KAT GRZ,HAB,NTF 361.71 P,DAM MAH/S/KAT 93 MAH/S/MAY 4.27 Tree felling 94 MAH/S/NAG Tourism Since 18.42 Akola establishment MAH/S/NAG 73.69 Forest fire of the P.A. 18.42 Akola All PA All MAH/S/NAG Grazing Since 5.15 Future canal establishment MAH/S/NAG of the P.A. 2000 MAH/S/NAG 95 MAH/S/NAI 152.81 Tourism Since the 152.81 All(Nagzira) 96 MAH/S/PAI establishment of the P.A. Since the establishment Fire of the P.A. 152.81 All(Nagzira) Grazing Since the 152.81 All(Nagzira) establishment 152.81 All (Nagzira) Non Timber of the P.A. Forest Produce Since the collection establishment of the P.A. Felling Since the 152.81 All(Nagzira) establishment of the P.A. 10 Beed 324.64 29.90 Grazing,NTFP Since long 324.64 Fire 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Impact Species1 Numbers1 Species2 Numbers2 Might affect the migration of the Avi fauna Not yet birds in the long run. esatimated Population decline of fauna Can't be Habitat destruction ascertained Hiabitat destruction Can't be ascertained Migration away from the site All Migration away from the site All Wolf Chinkara Migration of fauna, loss of breeding site,loss of food source All & increased threat from predator & hunters. All Migration of fauna, loss of All breeding site ,loss of food source & increased threat from predator All & hunters. All Can't say Migration of fauna, loss of All breeding site , loss of food Peafowl,Blac source & increased threat from kbuck predator & hunters. Herbivores Migration of fauna, loss of breeding site ,loss of food source & increased threat from predator & hunters. Migration of fauna, loss of breeding site , loss of food source & increased threat from predator & hunters. Loss of food source Food species get burnt 84

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species3 Numbers3 Species4 Numbers4 Species5 N MAH/S/JAI Fox 90 MAH/S/KAL 91 MAH/S/KAR MAH/S/KAR 92 MAH/S/KAT MAH/S/KAT 93 MAH/S/MAY 94 MAH/S/NAG MAH/S/NAG MAH/S/NAG MAH/S/NAG MAH/S/NAG 95 MAH/S/NAI 96 MAH/S/PAI 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Numbers5 Species6 Numbers6 Species7 Numbers7 Species8 Numbers8 0 0 0 85

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species9 Numbers9 MAH/S/JAI 90 MAH/S/KAL 91 MAH/S/KAR MAH/S/KAR 92 MAH/S/KAT MAH/S/KAT 93 MAH/S/MAY 94 MAH/S/NAG MAH/S/NAG MAH/S/NAG MAH/S/NAG MAH/S/NAG 95 MAH/S/NAI 96 MAH/S/PAI 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Species10 Numbers10 Remark 86

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Area of the Years Area affected Ranges MAH/S/PAI PA Activity Every year 162.32 to 227.25 97 MAH/S/SAG Grazing 10.87 Whole protected are 10.87 Drought MAH/S/SAG Fire(Burning) Every year 10.87 Whole protected are MAH/S/SAG Developmenta 10.87 Whole protected are MAH/S/SAG 10.87 Whole protected are MAH/S/SAG l projects Every year 10.87 Whole protected are MAH/S/SAG 10.87 Whole protected are MAH/S/SAG Tourism Every year 10.87 Whole protected are 98 MAH/S/TIP Pilgrimage Every year National Highway N Adilabad Road Near MAH/S/TIP Grazing Every year Sunna Checkpost MAH/S/TIP Mines/Stone Pilkhana MAH/S/TIP guarries Every year 99 MAH/S/WAN Susoni(Near Samar Illegal April 98 Wan and Somthana MAH/S/WAN poaching of Wan and Somthana MAH/S/WAN 140.29 Blue Bull Wan and Somthana Illegal May-99 Poaching of Black buck Illegal Jun-99 poaching of Blue bull Illegal Aug-99 Poaching of Blue Bull 1999 205.86 Panther skin 1999 Tiger Skin Chausinga 1999 Skin 100 MAH/S/YAW 177.52 Tree felling 177.52 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Impact Species1 Numbers1 Species2 Numbers2 ea Population decline Herbivores All 2 ea Extinction Hyaena(Hya ena hyaena) 1 ea Population decline ea Migration away from the site Pangolin(Ma 4 ea Migration away from the site nis 400 ea Migration away from the site crassicaudat 400 a) 400 Migration away from the site & ea Loss of food source Indian No.7 Nagpur wolf(Canis r sunna. lupus) All species All species All species All species 400 rtur war farm) Panther 1 a Increased threat from hunters. Tiger 1 a Increased threat from hunters. a Increased threat from hunters. Chausinga 1 2,4,6 Tiger, Wild Notknown Population Dog, decline, Chinkara, migration Chausinga away from the site, loss of food source. 87

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species3 Numbers3 Species4 Numbers4 Species5 N MAH/S/PAI 97 MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG 98 MAH/S/TIP MAH/S/TIP MAH/S/TIP MAH/S/TIP 99 MAH/S/WAN MAH/S/WAN MAH/S/WAN 100 MAH/S/YAW 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Numbers5 Species6 Numbers6 Species7 Numbers7 Species8 Numbers8 0 0 0 0 88

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species9 Numbers9 MAH/S/PAI 97 MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG MAH/S/SAG 98 MAH/S/TIP MAH/S/TIP MAH/S/TIP MAH/S/TIP 99 MAH/S/WAN MAH/S/WAN MAH/S/WAN 100 MAH/S/YAW 38

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Species10 Numbers10 Remark 89

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Area of the Years Area affected Ranges PA Activity MAH/S/YAW Fire(Burning) 177.52 MAH/S/YAW Grazing 177.52 MAH/S/YAW Habitation 177.52 MAH/S/YAW Non Timber Since long 177.52 101 MAH/S/YED Forest 10 Yedshi Produce 7 Yedshi MAH/S/YED collection 26 Major part of park 102 MAN/N/KEI Non Timber Forest Produce 22.37 collection Grazing Since long 40.00 Dam 1983 onwards 39

henomenon Having an Impact on the Fauna in PAs are in square kilometers Impact Species1 Numbers1 Species2 Numbers2 2,4,6 Tiger, Wild Notknown Population 2,4,6 Dog, decline, 2,4,6 Chinkara, migration Chausinga away from the site, loss Tiger, Wild Notknown of food Dog, source. Chinkara, Chausinga Population decline, Tiger, Wild Notknown migration Dog, away from Chinkara, the site, loss Chausinga of food source. Tiger, Wild Notknown Dog, Population Chinkara, decline, Chausinga migration away from the site, loss of food source. Population decline, migration away from the site, loss of food source. Peafowl,Blac Loss of food source k buck Not known Loss of food source Black buck- Loss of breeding site, Loss of food source, Increased threat Peafowl Not known from predators/hunters Sangai Hog Deer (Cervus eldi (Axis eldi) porcinus) 90

Table 1.18: Human Activities and Other Natural Ph Note: All values for area Sno PA code Species3 Numbers3 Species4 Numbers4 Species5 N MAH/S/YAW MAH/S/YAW MAH/S/YAW MAH/S/YAW 101 MAH/S/YED Wild boar (Sus MAH/S/YED scrofa) 102 MAN/N/KEI 39